From: Petter Reinholdtsen Date: Sun, 17 Feb 2019 22:57:29 +0000 (+0000) Subject: Updated translation files. X-Git-Tag: es-printed~113 X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-madewithcc.git/commitdiff_plain/12bdc24c25b696f5a9957e042854a79e83bf6041?ds=sidebyside Updated translation files. --- diff --git a/po/de/mwcc.po b/po/de/mwcc.po index 4373cc3..6c94707 100644 --- a/po/de/mwcc.po +++ b/po/de/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-10 15:19+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-17 22:56+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-09-04 16:17+0000\n" "Last-Translator: ssantos \n" "Language-Team: German network effect—" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138 -msgid "" -"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " -"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect " -"possible." +"the network effect— users dramatically increasing value for " +"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is " +"core to making the network effect possible." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6731,30 +6725,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6771,7 +6765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6780,7 +6774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6789,7 +6783,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6807,7 +6801,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6818,7 +6812,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6829,7 +6823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6839,7 +6833,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6852,35 +6846,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6889,7 +6883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6897,12 +6891,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6911,7 +6905,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6923,14 +6917,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6944,7 +6938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6957,7 +6951,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6973,7 +6967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6981,7 +6975,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6993,7 +6987,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -7001,7 +6995,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -7009,7 +7003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -7021,13 +7015,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -7040,7 +7034,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -7052,7 +7046,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7062,7 +7056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7076,14 +7070,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7096,7 +7090,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7109,48 +7103,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7174,7 +7168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7186,7 +7180,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7197,7 +7191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7207,7 +7201,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7222,33 +7216,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7258,7 +7252,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7268,7 +7262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7277,7 +7271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7288,7 +7282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7306,7 +7300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7319,7 +7313,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7332,7 +7326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7342,7 +7336,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7355,7 +7349,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7365,7 +7359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7379,7 +7373,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7391,7 +7385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7403,7 +7397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7414,7 +7408,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7427,7 +7421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7438,7 +7432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7447,7 +7441,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7460,7 +7454,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7472,26 +7466,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7499,12 +7493,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7518,7 +7512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7531,7 +7525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7540,7 +7534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7552,7 +7546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7569,7 +7563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7580,7 +7574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7591,7 +7585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7602,7 +7596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7614,7 +7608,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7624,7 +7618,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7636,7 +7630,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7650,7 +7644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7667,7 +7661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7676,7 +7670,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7690,7 +7684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7701,7 +7695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7711,7 +7705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7721,7 +7715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7729,12 +7723,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7742,30 +7736,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7773,7 +7767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7784,7 +7778,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7794,7 +7788,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7804,14 +7798,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7823,7 +7817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7833,7 +7827,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7844,7 +7838,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7853,7 +7847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7868,7 +7862,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7881,7 +7875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7891,7 +7885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7907,7 +7901,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7922,7 +7916,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7930,7 +7924,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7943,14 +7937,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7959,7 +7953,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7968,7 +7962,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7983,7 +7977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7993,7 +7987,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -8002,7 +7996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -8013,7 +8007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -8022,7 +8016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -8034,7 +8028,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -8043,7 +8037,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -8055,7 +8049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8067,12 +8061,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8080,31 +8074,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8116,7 +8110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8130,7 +8124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8140,38 +8134,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8182,7 +8176,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8192,7 +8186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8202,7 +8196,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8212,19 +8206,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8239,7 +8233,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8254,7 +8248,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8265,7 +8259,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8275,7 +8269,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8286,13 +8280,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8300,7 +8294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8310,7 +8304,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8319,7 +8313,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8330,7 +8324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8343,14 +8337,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8358,7 +8352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8369,12 +8363,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8385,7 +8379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8394,7 +8388,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8403,7 +8397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8422,7 +8416,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8430,7 +8424,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8439,46 +8433,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8486,32 +8480,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6553 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8520,7 +8514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8538,7 +8532,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8547,7 +8541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8560,7 +8554,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8570,7 +8564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8578,7 +8572,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8588,12 +8582,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8602,7 +8596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8611,7 +8605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8623,12 +8617,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8641,7 +8635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8649,14 +8643,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8664,14 +8658,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8679,7 +8673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8688,14 +8682,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8704,24 +8698,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8734,34 +8728,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8769,7 +8763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8779,7 +8773,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8790,7 +8784,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8800,7 +8794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8810,12 +8804,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8827,7 +8821,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8837,29 +8831,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8867,28 +8861,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8901,7 +8895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8911,7 +8905,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8919,12 +8913,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -8932,31 +8926,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8970,7 +8964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8983,7 +8977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -8997,14 +8991,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -9017,7 +9011,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -9028,7 +9022,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -9038,7 +9032,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -9047,12 +9041,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9062,7 +9056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9071,7 +9065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9084,7 +9078,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9096,7 +9090,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9108,7 +9102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9121,7 +9115,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9131,7 +9125,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9143,7 +9137,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9158,7 +9152,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9169,7 +9163,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9183,7 +9177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9202,7 +9196,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9214,7 +9208,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9226,7 +9220,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9238,34 +9232,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9274,7 +9268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9283,7 +9277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9293,7 +9287,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9306,22 +9300,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9330,12 +9324,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9343,7 +9337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9352,7 +9346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9361,7 +9355,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9372,7 +9366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9388,7 +9382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9401,7 +9395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9415,7 +9409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9429,7 +9423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9448,7 +9442,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9458,7 +9452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9470,7 +9464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9484,7 +9478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9496,7 +9490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9507,7 +9501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9519,7 +9513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9531,7 +9525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9542,7 +9536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9554,7 +9548,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9569,7 +9563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9581,7 +9575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9593,12 +9587,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9606,30 +9600,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9645,7 +9639,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9659,7 +9653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9673,7 +9667,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9687,7 +9681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9701,7 +9695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9713,7 +9707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9721,7 +9715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9739,7 +9733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9750,7 +9744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9758,7 +9752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9769,7 +9763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9778,7 +9772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9789,7 +9783,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9799,7 +9793,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9823,7 +9817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9831,7 +9825,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9840,7 +9834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9854,7 +9848,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9863,7 +9857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9881,7 +9875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9893,17 +9887,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9919,7 +9913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9931,7 +9925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9943,7 +9937,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9951,24 +9945,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -9976,19 +9970,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -10005,7 +9999,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -10021,7 +10015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -10032,12 +10026,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -10053,7 +10047,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10067,7 +10061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10082,7 +10076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10095,7 +10089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10111,7 +10105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10122,7 +10116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10137,12 +10131,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10153,7 +10147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10166,7 +10160,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10175,7 +10169,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10188,14 +10182,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10209,7 +10203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10218,14 +10212,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10243,7 +10237,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10251,7 +10245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10262,7 +10256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10277,7 +10271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10297,42 +10291,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10345,7 +10339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10359,7 +10353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10370,7 +10364,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10383,7 +10377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10396,7 +10390,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10409,7 +10403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10425,7 +10419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10441,7 +10435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10453,7 +10447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10462,7 +10456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10474,7 +10468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10488,7 +10482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10500,7 +10494,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10510,7 +10504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10528,7 +10522,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10537,12 +10531,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10550,29 +10544,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10582,7 +10576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10591,7 +10585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10601,12 +10595,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10618,7 +10612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10628,7 +10622,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10637,12 +10631,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10654,7 +10648,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10664,7 +10658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10680,12 +10674,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10697,7 +10691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10706,7 +10700,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10717,7 +10711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10728,7 +10722,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10739,7 +10733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10753,7 +10747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10762,7 +10756,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10773,7 +10767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10785,7 +10779,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10796,7 +10790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10805,7 +10799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10816,7 +10810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10829,7 +10823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10840,7 +10834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10850,12 +10844,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10865,7 +10859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10877,7 +10871,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10888,7 +10882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10901,7 +10895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10913,7 +10907,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10923,7 +10917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10936,7 +10930,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -10945,7 +10939,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10955,7 +10949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -10971,42 +10965,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -11016,7 +11010,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -11025,7 +11019,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -11036,7 +11030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -11048,7 +11042,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -11057,7 +11051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11069,7 +11063,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11081,7 +11075,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11094,7 +11088,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11105,7 +11099,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11116,7 +11110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11126,7 +11120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11135,7 +11129,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11148,7 +11142,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11160,7 +11154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11176,7 +11170,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11188,7 +11182,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11198,7 +11192,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11212,7 +11206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11225,7 +11219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11237,7 +11231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11252,12 +11246,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11265,29 +11259,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11296,7 +11290,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11311,7 +11305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11332,7 +11326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11346,7 +11340,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11354,7 +11348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11371,7 +11365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11382,7 +11376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11393,7 +11387,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11409,7 +11403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11426,7 +11420,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11446,7 +11440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11461,7 +11455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11474,7 +11468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11486,7 +11480,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11501,7 +11495,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11512,7 +11506,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11523,12 +11517,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11536,24 +11530,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11564,7 +11558,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11576,7 +11570,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11588,7 +11582,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11598,7 +11592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11608,12 +11602,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11626,7 +11620,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11647,7 +11641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11662,7 +11656,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11672,12 +11666,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11690,7 +11684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11702,7 +11696,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11715,7 +11709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11725,7 +11719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11734,7 +11728,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11744,7 +11738,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11757,7 +11751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11768,7 +11762,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11782,7 +11776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11800,7 +11794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11813,46 +11807,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11862,7 +11856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -11870,7 +11864,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11886,7 +11880,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11895,7 +11889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11906,7 +11900,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11920,7 +11914,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11943,7 +11937,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11960,7 +11954,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11974,14 +11968,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -12001,7 +11995,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -12013,7 +12007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -12025,7 +12019,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -12037,7 +12031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -12046,7 +12040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -12055,7 +12049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12065,12 +12059,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12078,33 +12072,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12113,7 +12107,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12121,7 +12115,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12130,14 +12124,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12149,56 +12143,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12209,7 +12203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12217,21 +12211,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12240,7 +12234,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12249,14 +12243,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12264,7 +12258,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12273,21 +12267,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12295,91 +12289,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12387,28 +12381,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12416,7 +12410,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12424,7 +12418,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12433,14 +12427,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12450,7 +12444,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12459,7 +12453,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12468,7 +12462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12476,7 +12470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12484,74 +12478,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12559,21 +12553,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12583,7 +12577,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12591,7 +12585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12599,19 +12593,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12621,7 +12615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9769 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12629,7 +12623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9774 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12639,7 +12633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12648,7 +12642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9788 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12697,7 +12691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9839 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " diff --git a/po/es/mwcc.po b/po/es/mwcc.po index 4719427..ebd5847 100644 --- a/po/es/mwcc.po +++ b/po/es/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-10 15:19+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-17 22:56+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-09-24 14:00+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Gunnar Wolf <gwolf@gwolf.org>\n" "Language-Team: Spanish <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -5807,14 +5807,14 @@ msgid "" "are drawn to the values symbolized by using CC." msgstr "" "Los esfuerzos realizados con Creative Commons prosperan cuando se construye " -"una comunidad alrededor de lo que hacen. Esto puede ser " -"colaborando en conjunto para crear algo nuevo, o simplemente ser una grupo " -"de gente con intereses similares que se conocen y reúnen por esa razón." -"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " -"Hasta cierto grado, simplemente ser <emphasis>Hecho con Creative Commons</emphasis> " -"automáticamente trae consigo un cierto elemento de comunidad, ayudando a " -"conectarlo con otras personas similares que reconocen y son atraídas para " -"los valores que se simbolizan en el uso de CC." +"una comunidad alrededor de lo que hacen. Esto puede ser colaborando en " +"conjunto para crear algo nuevo, o simplemente ser una grupo de gente con " +"intereses similares que se conocen y reúnen por esa razón.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Hasta cierto grado, simplemente ser <emphasis>Hecho " +"con Creative Commons</emphasis> automáticamente trae consigo un cierto " +"elemento de comunidad, ayudando a conectarlo con otras personas similares " +"que reconocen y son atraídas para los valores que se simbolizan en el uso de " +"CC." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2921 @@ -5845,15 +5845,16 @@ msgstr "" "Sin embargo, para ser sostenible, tiene que trabajar para alimentar a la " "comunidad. La gente tiene que cuidarse —mutuamente y a ti. Una pieza crítica " "de esto es desarrollar un sentido de pertenencia. Como escribió Jono Bacon " -"en <emphasis>The Art of Communnity</emphasis>: <quote>Si no hay pertenencia, no hay comunidad.</" -"quote> Para Amanda Palmer y su banda, eso significa crear y aceptar un " -"entorno inclusivo donde la gente se siente una parte de su <quote>pequeña y " -"rara familia.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Para las " -"organizaciones como Red Hat, eso significa conectarse alrededor de creencias " -"y metas comunes. Como escribió el CEO Jim Whitehurst en <emphasis>The Open " -"Organization</emphasis>: <quote>Aprovechar la pasión es especialmente importante para " -"construir el tipo de comunidades participativas que dirigen las " -"organizaciones abiertas.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"en <emphasis>The Art of Communnity</emphasis>: <quote>Si no hay pertenencia, " +"no hay comunidad.</quote> Para Amanda Palmer y su banda, eso significa crear " +"y aceptar un entorno inclusivo donde la gente se siente una parte de su " +"<quote>pequeña y rara familia.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Para las organizaciones como Red Hat, eso significa conectarse " +"alrededor de creencias y metas comunes. Como escribió el CEO Jim Whitehurst " +"en <emphasis>The Open Organization</emphasis>: <quote>Aprovechar la pasión " +"es especialmente importante para construir el tipo de comunidades " +"participativas que dirigen las organizaciones abiertas.</quote><placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2940 @@ -5880,18 +5881,18 @@ msgid "" "> If the rules are created and imposed in a top-down manner, people feel " "like they don’t have a voice, which in turn leads to disengagement." msgstr "" -"Las comunidades que colaboran juntas suelen tomar decisiones anticipadamente. " -"Surowiecki escribió: <quote>Es mucho trabajo cohesionar un grupo. Es " -"difícil asegurar que las personas están trabajando por el interés del grupo " -"y no por el propio. Y cuando hay una falta de confianza entre los miembros " -"del grupo (lo cual no es sorprendente dado que no se conocen realmente), una " -"considerable energía es desperdiciada tratando de determinar las buenas " -"intenciones mutuas</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " -"Construir una verdadera comunidad requiere darle a quien participa en ella " -"el poder de crear o influir las reglas que la rigen." -"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Si las reglas son creadas e " -"impuestas de manera vertical, la gente siente que no tiene una voz, lo que " -"conlleva a la desvinculación." +"Las comunidades que colaboran juntas suelen tomar decisiones " +"anticipadamente. Surowiecki escribió: <quote>Es mucho trabajo cohesionar un " +"grupo. Es difícil asegurar que las personas están trabajando por el interés " +"del grupo y no por el propio. Y cuando hay una falta de confianza entre los " +"miembros del grupo (lo cual no es sorprendente dado que no se conocen " +"realmente), una considerable energía es desperdiciada tratando de determinar " +"las buenas intenciones mutuas</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Construir una verdadera comunidad requiere darle a quien participa " +"en ella el poder de crear o influir las reglas que la rigen.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Si las reglas son creadas e impuestas de " +"manera vertical, la gente siente que no tiene una voz, lo que conlleva a la " +"desvinculación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2950 @@ -5900,8 +5901,8 @@ msgid "" "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" "Formar y mantener comunidad es un gran trabajo, pero trabajar juntos, o " -"simplemente el estar conectados alrededor de intereses o valores comunes, " -"es de lo que se trata compartir." +"simplemente el estar conectados alrededor de intereses o valores comunes, es " +"de lo que se trata compartir." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2956 @@ -5948,13 +5949,14 @@ msgstr "" "La sabiduría común en el mercado dicta que la gente debería extraer la mayor " "cantidad de dinero posible de los recursos. Esto es lo que esencialmente " "define mucho de la así llamada <quote>economía del intercambio</quote>. En " -"un artículo del sitio web del <emphasis>Harvard Business Review</emphasis> titulado <quote>The " -"Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing at All</quote> (<quote>La economía del " -"intercambio no se trata para nada acerca de compartir</quote>), los autores Giana Eckhardt y " -"Fleura Bardhi explicaron cómo las transacciones anónimas, orientadas por el " -"mercado, en la mayoría de las empresas de la economía del intercambio son " -"puramente para monetizar el acceso.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" -"> Como Lisa Gansky lo dice en su libro <emphasis>The Mesh</emphasis> (<emphasis>La red</emphasis>), la " +"un artículo del sitio web del <emphasis>Harvard Business Review</emphasis> " +"titulado <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing at All</quote> " +"(<quote>La economía del intercambio no se trata para nada acerca de " +"compartir</quote>), los autores Giana Eckhardt y Fleura Bardhi explicaron " +"cómo las transacciones anónimas, orientadas por el mercado, en la mayoría de " +"las empresas de la economía del intercambio son puramente para monetizar el " +"acceso.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Como Lisa Gansky lo dice " +"en su libro <emphasis>The Mesh</emphasis> (<emphasis>La red</emphasis>), la " "estrategia primaria de la economía del intercambio es vender el mismo " "producto muchas veces, vendiendo el acceso y no la propiedad.<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Eso no es compartir." @@ -5988,16 +5990,16 @@ msgstr "" "El intercambio requiere añadir tanto o más valor en el ecosistema que el " "valor que uno toma de él. No se puede tratar al contenido abierto " "simplemente como un pozo común de recursos del cual extraer valor. Parte de " -"regresar al ecosistema es contribuir contenido de vuelta al público " -"bajo las licencias CC. Pero no únicamente puede tratarse de crear " -"contenido; puede ser también añadir valor de otras maneras. La " -"plataforma social de blogs <emphasis>Medium</emphasis> provee valor a su comunidad al " -"incentivar un buen comportamiento, y el resultado es un espacio online con " -"contenido de remarcada buena calidad generado por los usuarios y con pocos " -"<emphasis>trolls</emphasis>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opendesk contribuye a su " -"comunidad al comprometerse a ayudar a sus diseñadores a hacer dinero, en " -"parte al curar y exhibir activamente su trabajo en la plataforma de una " -"manera efectiva." +"regresar al ecosistema es contribuir contenido de vuelta al público bajo las " +"licencias CC. Pero no únicamente puede tratarse de crear contenido; puede " +"ser también añadir valor de otras maneras. La plataforma social de blogs " +"<emphasis>Medium</emphasis> provee valor a su comunidad al incentivar un " +"buen comportamiento, y el resultado es un espacio online con contenido de " +"remarcada buena calidad generado por los usuarios y con pocos " +"<emphasis>trolls</emphasis>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " +"Opendesk contribuye a su comunidad al comprometerse a ayudar a sus " +"diseñadores a hacer dinero, en parte al curar y exhibir activamente su " +"trabajo en la plataforma de una manera efectiva." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3000 @@ -6011,13 +6013,12 @@ msgid "" "add outweighs the value provided by you." msgstr "" "En todo caso, es importante reconocer abiertamente la cantidad de valor que " -"uno agrega contra la que uno obtiene de lo que fue creado " -"por otros. Ser transparente sobre esto construye credibilidad y muestra que " -"eres un jugador que contribuye a los comunes. Cuando tu empeño está " -"generando dinero, eso también significa aportar una compensación financiera " -"de forma que refleje el valor contribuido por otros, dando más a quienes " -"contribuyen cuando el valor que ellos añaden sobrepasa el valor que tú " -"añadiste." +"uno agrega contra la que uno obtiene de lo que fue creado por otros. Ser " +"transparente sobre esto construye credibilidad y muestra que eres un jugador " +"que contribuye a los comunes. Cuando tu empeño está generando dinero, eso " +"también significa aportar una compensación financiera de forma que refleje " +"el valor contribuido por otros, dando más a quienes contribuyen cuando el " +"valor que ellos añaden sobrepasa el valor que tú añadiste." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3011 @@ -6059,14 +6060,14 @@ msgstr "" "personas alrededor del mundo. Chris Anderson lo llama la Larga Cola del " "Talento.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\" /> Pero para hacer que la " "colaboración funcione, el grupo tiene que ser efectivo en lo que está " -"haciendo, y su gente tiene que encontrar satisfacción al " -"involucrarse.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\" /> Esto es más sencillo " -"de realizar para algunos tipos de trabajos creativos que para otros. Los " -"grupos que se encuentran en línea colaboran mejor cuando la gente puede " -"trabajar de manera independiente y asíncrona, y particularmente para los " -"grupos grandes con vínculos menos estrechos, donde los contribuyentes pueden " -"hacer simples mejoras sin un compromiso de tiempo demasiado pesado." -"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\" />" +"haciendo, y su gente tiene que encontrar satisfacción al involucrarse." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\" /> Esto es más sencillo de realizar " +"para algunos tipos de trabajos creativos que para otros. Los grupos que se " +"encuentran en línea colaboran mejor cuando la gente puede trabajar de manera " +"independiente y asíncrona, y particularmente para los grupos grandes con " +"vínculos menos estrechos, donde los contribuyentes pueden hacer simples " +"mejoras sin un compromiso de tiempo demasiado pesado.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"2\" />" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3040 @@ -6230,14 +6231,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "No hay una forma de involucrar a la gente en lo que haces. La clave es " "encontrar una forma para que la gente pueda contribuir en sus propios " -"términos, impulsada por sus motivaciones.<placeholder type=\"footnote" -"\" id=\"0\" /> Como se ve, eso varía muchísimo dependiendo del proyecto. No " -"todos los emprendimientos que están Hechos con Creative Commons pueden ser " -"como Wikipedia, pero cada emprendimiento necesita encontrar formas de " -"invitar al público a ser parte. La meta de cualquier forma de colaboración " -"es dejar de pensar en los consumidores como receptores pasivos de tu " -"contenido y convertirlos en participantes activos.<placeholder type=" -"\"footnote\" id=\"1\" />" +"términos, impulsada por sus motivaciones.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\" /> Como se ve, eso varía muchísimo dependiendo del proyecto. No todos " +"los emprendimientos que están Hechos con Creative Commons pueden ser como " +"Wikipedia, pero cada emprendimiento necesita encontrar formas de invitar al " +"público a ser parte. La meta de cualquier forma de colaboración es dejar de " +"pensar en los consumidores como receptores pasivos de tu contenido y " +"convertirlos en participantes activos.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"1\" />" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 @@ -6665,16 +6666,16 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4201 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4637 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8992 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Paul Stacey" @@ -7172,12 +7173,12 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3783 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3979 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4400 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" @@ -8067,8 +8068,8 @@ msgstr "" "Pero este relato de un <quote>feliz accidente</quote> desmiente a los genios " "de la mercadotecnia. Tal como lo es el juego, la marca Cards Against " "Humanity es irreverente y memorable. Es dificil olvidar a una compañía que " -"llama a las preguntas frecuentes de su sitio Web <quote>Tus tontas " -"preguntas.</quote>" +"llama a las preguntas frecuentes de su sitio Web <quote>Tus tontas preguntas." +"</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4051 @@ -10304,28 +10305,9 @@ msgstr "" msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " -"the <quote>network effect</quote>—" -msgstr "" -"Lillian piensa que el modelo de Figure.NZ tiene potencial global. Pero por " -"ahora, su enfoque esta completamente abocado en lograr que Figure.NZ " -"funcione en Nueva Zelanda y en conseguir el <quote>efecto red</quote>—" -"usuarios incrementando dramáticamente el valor para ellos mismos y para " -"otros a través del uso de sus servicios. Creative Commons es fundamental " -"para hacer que el efecto red sea posible." - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " -#| "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to " -#| "get the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing " -#| "value for themselves and for others through use of their service. " -#| "Creative Commons is core to making the network effect possible." -msgid "" -"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " -"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect " -"possible." +"the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing value for " +"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is " +"core to making the network effect possible." msgstr "" "Lillian piensa que el modelo de Figure.NZ tiene potencial global. Pero por " "ahora, su enfoque esta completamente abocado en lograr que Figure.NZ " @@ -10335,12 +10317,12 @@ msgstr "" "para hacer que el efecto red sea posible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "Knowledge Unlatched" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -10351,12 +10333,12 @@ msgstr "" "acceso abierto. Fundada en 2012 en el Reino Unido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" @@ -10365,21 +10347,21 @@ msgstr "" "comunitario (especializado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 26 de febrero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, fundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -10411,7 +10393,7 @@ msgstr "" "innovación en educación en 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -10425,7 +10407,7 @@ msgstr "" "libremente entre los usuarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -10438,7 +10420,7 @@ msgstr "" "impresos. La ventas subieron, no bajaron." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -10470,7 +10452,7 @@ msgstr "" "para el formato impreso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -10488,7 +10470,7 @@ msgstr "" "la cobertura del helado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -10506,7 +10488,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -10523,7 +10505,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -10544,7 +10526,7 @@ msgstr "" "RU para las empresas sociales sin ánimo de lucro) en 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" @@ -10553,7 +10535,7 @@ msgstr "" "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Acedemic Publishing:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." @@ -10562,7 +10544,7 @@ msgstr "" "generación sólo a través de Knowledge Unlatched." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." @@ -10571,7 +10553,7 @@ msgstr "" "colecciones (como lo hacen con los proveedores de bibliotecas ahora)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." @@ -10580,7 +10562,7 @@ msgstr "" "que serán comprados y los precios establecidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -10593,7 +10575,7 @@ msgstr "" "mínimo de bibliotecas para cubrir la Cuota por Título." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -10605,12 +10587,12 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -10624,7 +10606,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -10643,7 +10625,7 @@ msgstr "" "bajo hasta cuarenta y tres dolares." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" @@ -10652,7 +10634,7 @@ msgstr "" "availability-1/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -10676,7 +10658,7 @@ msgstr "" "de las copias físicas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -10698,7 +10680,7 @@ msgstr "" "la orden y el precio por libro baja para cada biblioteca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -10727,7 +10709,7 @@ msgstr "" "finalmente, desbloquearlos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -10739,7 +10721,7 @@ msgstr "" "ciclos de presupuestos, y las juntas del directorio de las bibliotecas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -10758,7 +10740,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecarios, que ha involucrado a más bibliotecas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -10769,7 +10751,7 @@ msgstr "" "comenzará a hacer revistas especializadas de acceso libre también." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -10781,7 +10763,7 @@ msgstr "" "estandar cerrado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -10801,14 +10783,14 @@ msgstr "" "tomó únicamente un mes reunir veintiséis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -10829,7 +10811,7 @@ msgstr "" "tomar parte de ello.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -10850,7 +10832,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacen, lo compran de manera separada de la versión digital." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -10866,7 +10848,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecas participantes, sino al mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -10891,7 +10873,7 @@ msgstr "" "han sido descargados cerca de ochenta mil veces en 175 países." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." @@ -10900,7 +10882,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unlatched para monografías es un ganar-ganar-ganar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -10923,7 +10905,7 @@ msgstr "" "y libros antiguos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -10944,12 +10926,12 @@ msgstr "" "al pasado pero moviendose al futuro, una evolución en vez de una revolución." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "Lumen Learning" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." @@ -10959,12 +10941,12 @@ msgstr "" "los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" @@ -10973,14 +10955,14 @@ msgstr "" "servicios personalizados, subsidios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 21 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" @@ -10989,12 +10971,12 @@ msgstr "" "Thanos, cofundadores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -11040,7 +11022,7 @@ msgstr "" "Learning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -11060,7 +11042,7 @@ msgstr "" "usualmente no hay mucha flexibilidad para hacerlo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -11078,7 +11060,7 @@ msgstr "" "sustentabilidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -11094,7 +11076,7 @@ msgstr "" "reorientación por otros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -11121,13 +11103,13 @@ msgstr "" "—" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" "remplazar libros de texto costosos en cursos de gran matrícula con OER;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" @@ -11137,7 +11119,7 @@ msgstr "" "sistema de gestión de aprendizaje de la institución;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" @@ -11146,7 +11128,7 @@ msgstr "" "de aprobación, persistencia, y finalización de curso; y" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." @@ -11155,7 +11137,7 @@ msgstr "" "la investigación del éxito de los estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -11170,7 +11152,7 @@ msgstr "" "siguiendo los terminos de las licencias Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -11185,7 +11167,7 @@ msgstr "" "dolares por estudiante suscrito para la institución." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -11200,7 +11182,7 @@ msgstr "" "matriculado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -11218,7 +11200,7 @@ msgstr "" "costosos con OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -11250,7 +11232,7 @@ msgstr "" "abierto, ha generado un inmenso bienestar en la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -11272,7 +11254,7 @@ msgstr "" "aprendizaje, que las facultades revisan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -11295,7 +11277,7 @@ msgstr "" "da una licencia Attribution (CC BY)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -11311,7 +11293,7 @@ msgstr "" "mezclan diferentes OER juntos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -11332,7 +11314,7 @@ msgstr "" "se muestren al final de cada página." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -11349,7 +11331,7 @@ msgstr "" "equipo de ventas de Lumen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -11373,7 +11355,7 @@ msgstr "" "a los que tendrían impacto en el mayor número de estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -11392,7 +11374,7 @@ msgstr "" "que logren las metas de la institución, mientras Lumen se conserva prospera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -11411,7 +11393,7 @@ msgstr "" "la comunidad abierta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -11428,7 +11410,7 @@ msgstr "" "sea justa o que den de regreso algo que sea generoso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -11449,7 +11431,7 @@ msgstr "" "evolución y la mejora de los OER que estén usando." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -11466,7 +11448,7 @@ msgstr "" "sostenible y se esfuerza por un balance correcto de todos estos factores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -11479,7 +11461,7 @@ msgstr "" "que sea entendible y repetible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -11501,7 +11483,7 @@ msgstr "" "el futuro, su estrategia es reemplazar el financiamiento con ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -11520,12 +11502,12 @@ msgstr "" "que sostienes, y no alejarse de eso. Ciertamente es acerca de la confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "Jonathan Mann" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." @@ -11535,7 +11517,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" @@ -11544,7 +11526,7 @@ msgstr "" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -11556,14 +11538,14 @@ msgstr "" "musicales)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 22 de febrero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -11587,7 +11569,7 @@ msgstr "" "sesiones de la conferencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -11608,7 +11590,7 @@ msgstr "" "se volvió viral, y la experiencia lo llevó a la revista Time magazine." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -11622,7 +11604,7 @@ msgstr "" "conocido como <quote>el tipo de una-canción-al-dia.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -11641,7 +11623,7 @@ msgstr "" "más de mirar videos en línea que simplemente escuchar archivos de audio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -11672,7 +11654,7 @@ msgstr "" "la canción por él." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -11692,7 +11674,7 @@ msgstr "" "mayoría de su dinero de esta manera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -11710,7 +11692,7 @@ msgstr "" "producción de este libro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -11727,7 +11709,7 @@ msgstr "" "su trabajo pudiera ser compartido.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -11748,7 +11730,7 @@ msgstr "" "mio ha socavado eso.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -11763,7 +11745,7 @@ msgstr "" "no hago nada de eso</quote>, comentó Jonathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -11783,7 +11765,7 @@ msgstr "" "fuente de ingresos de componer canciones personalizadas a sus clientes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -11807,7 +11789,7 @@ msgstr "" "entendible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -11837,7 +11819,7 @@ msgstr "" "satisfactorio. Me gusta perderme en el proceso.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -11851,7 +11833,7 @@ msgstr "" "mismo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -11874,7 +11856,7 @@ msgstr "" "el es mejor al usar su propio estilo único en vez de imitar a otros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -11892,7 +11874,7 @@ msgstr "" "encarnación viviente de estos principios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -11907,7 +11889,7 @@ msgstr "" "la canción de mañana puede que sea mejor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -11923,7 +11905,7 @@ msgstr "" "que nunca se siente verdaderamente exitoso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -11934,12 +11916,12 @@ msgstr "" "satisfecha porque entonces mucho de lo que los impulsa se iría.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "Noun Project" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -11950,12 +11932,12 @@ msgstr "" "2010 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" @@ -11964,21 +11946,21 @@ msgstr "" "transacción, cargos por servicios personalizados" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 6 de octubre, " "2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -11989,7 +11971,7 @@ msgstr "" "las fronteras, lenguajes, y culturas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -12006,7 +11988,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el planeta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -12022,7 +12004,7 @@ msgstr "" "similarers." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -12038,7 +12020,7 @@ msgstr "" "voluntarios alrededor del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" @@ -12047,7 +12029,7 @@ msgstr "" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -12067,7 +12049,7 @@ msgstr "" "algo más grande." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -12083,7 +12065,7 @@ msgstr "" "mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -12101,7 +12083,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseñadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -12114,7 +12096,7 @@ msgstr "" "construir un modelo de negocios alrededor del contenido libre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -12140,7 +12122,7 @@ msgstr "" "créditos, pueden usar la CC0 para poner el trabajo en el dominio público." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -12162,7 +12144,7 @@ msgstr "" "foco.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -12177,7 +12159,7 @@ msgstr "" "muy exitante para muchos diseñadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -12205,7 +12187,7 @@ msgstr "" "creadores, y bueno para la plataforma." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -12231,7 +12213,7 @@ msgstr "" "pero la implementación completa requerirá que se compre las versión API Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -12242,7 +12224,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseñador y 30 porciento para Noun Project." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -12264,15 +12246,15 @@ msgstr "" "más servicios al usuario." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -12285,7 +12267,7 @@ msgstr "" "es la principal prioridad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -12299,7 +12281,7 @@ msgstr "" "cuentas; y el más exitoso de todos, suficiente para pagar la renta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -12325,7 +12307,7 @@ msgstr "" "suscriben al Noun ProjectPro, pueden acceder al mismo desde Lingo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -12340,7 +12322,7 @@ msgstr "" "visuales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -12353,7 +12335,7 @@ msgstr "" "imágenes predefinidas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -12371,7 +12353,7 @@ msgstr "" "contribuyentes, es importante tener una misión más allá de hacer dinero." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -12384,7 +12366,7 @@ msgstr "" "dentro con una comunidad de usuarios y fans." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -12403,7 +12385,7 @@ msgstr "" "otras iniciativas y continuar alimentándola.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -12416,7 +12398,7 @@ msgstr "" "pueden buscar los íconos por el nombre del creador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -12436,7 +12418,7 @@ msgstr "" "puedan ser usados por cualquiera gratuitamente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -12456,12 +12438,12 @@ msgstr "" "esa meta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "Open Data Institute" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -12472,12 +12454,12 @@ msgstr "" "datos. Fundada en 2012 en RU." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" @@ -12487,14 +12469,14 @@ msgstr "" "personalizados, donaciones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 11 de " "noviembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" @@ -12503,7 +12485,7 @@ msgstr "" "técnico" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -12523,7 +12505,7 @@ msgstr "" "a inovar con los datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -12548,7 +12530,7 @@ msgstr "" "permitirles entender mejor qué es lo que esta pasando alrededor de ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -12564,7 +12546,7 @@ msgstr "" "quiere —" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" @@ -12573,19 +12555,19 @@ msgstr "" "políticas de datos abiertos afectan esto;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" "desarrollar el caso del beneficio económico y el modelos de negocios para " "los datos abiertos;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "ayudar a los negocios del RU a usar los datos abiertos; y" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" @@ -12594,7 +12576,7 @@ msgstr "" "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -12603,7 +12585,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -12622,7 +12604,7 @@ msgstr "" "los datos abiertos para los ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -12638,7 +12620,7 @@ msgstr "" "inversión de $4.75 millones de la Omidyar Network." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -12654,7 +12636,7 @@ msgstr "" "un staff de sesenta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -12670,7 +12652,7 @@ msgstr "" "complementarios en respuesta a las necesidades del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." @@ -12679,12 +12661,12 @@ msgstr "" "capacitación, y servicios de asesoría." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -12711,7 +12693,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -12737,7 +12719,7 @@ msgstr "" "que puedan asistir como una forma de desarrollo profesional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -12755,7 +12737,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiende a generar gran interés y compromiso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -12771,7 +12753,7 @@ msgstr "" "temáticas principales y más de 750 asistentes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -12789,14 +12771,14 @@ msgstr "" "organizaciones comerciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" "Del lado comercial, las siguiente proposiciones de valor parecen resonar:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -12808,7 +12790,7 @@ msgstr "" "datos también. Los datos abiertos son un tópico candente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -12823,7 +12805,7 @@ msgstr "" "autonomía organizativa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -12837,7 +12819,7 @@ msgstr "" "y oportunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -12855,7 +12837,7 @@ msgstr "" "crear <quote>nodos</quote> internacionales del ODI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -12877,7 +12859,7 @@ msgstr "" "pequeña cuota por ser parte de la red y usar la marca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" @@ -12886,7 +12868,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -12898,7 +12880,7 @@ msgstr "" "oficinas.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -12916,12 +12898,12 @@ msgstr "" "construirla, no únicamente en línea sino a través de eventos cara-a-cara." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -12939,7 +12921,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -12953,7 +12935,7 @@ msgstr "" "escala." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -12966,7 +12948,7 @@ msgstr "" "vez de crear <quote>licencias abiertas</quote> de su autoría." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -13001,7 +12983,7 @@ msgstr "" "y hacer dinero.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -13013,7 +12995,7 @@ msgstr "" "Abril de 2016:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -13026,17 +13008,17 @@ msgstr "" "del ODI han generado desde su incorporación al programa ODI: £ 44.5 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "Número total de miembros activos y nodos alrededor del mundo: 1,350" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "Ventas totales desde que comenzó el ODI: £7.44 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" @@ -13045,17 +13027,17 @@ msgstr "" "en persona y en línea: 2.2 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "Total de certificados de Open Data creados: 151, 000" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13064,12 +13046,12 @@ msgstr "" "comenzó: 5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "OpenDesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -13081,13 +13063,13 @@ msgstr "" "RU." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6553 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" @@ -13096,14 +13078,14 @@ msgstr "" "cuota de transacción" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 4 de noviembre, " "2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" @@ -13112,7 +13094,7 @@ msgstr "" "Steiner, cofundadores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -13126,7 +13108,7 @@ msgstr "" "por un creador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -13158,7 +13140,7 @@ msgstr "" "de lucro y Opendesk en una campañía de lucro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -13172,7 +13154,7 @@ msgstr "" "lejos del camino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -13194,7 +13176,7 @@ msgstr "" "reinventar la rueda y decidieron usar las Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -13209,7 +13191,7 @@ msgstr "" "Salir con un modelo de negocios iba a ser complejo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -13220,7 +13202,7 @@ msgstr "" "decisiones en el modelo de negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -13236,12 +13218,12 @@ msgstr "" "quieren ser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -13255,7 +13237,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -13269,7 +13251,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencia Attributtion-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -13289,12 +13271,12 @@ msgstr "" "especificaciones en el archivo de diseño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -13316,7 +13298,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -13327,7 +13309,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el sitio web de Opendesk:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" @@ -13336,7 +13318,7 @@ msgstr "" "registrado, ellos pagan:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -13347,7 +13329,7 @@ msgstr "" "extra por ensamblado cargado por el creador)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" @@ -13356,7 +13338,7 @@ msgstr "" "al diseñador cada vez que su diseño es usado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -13367,7 +13349,7 @@ msgstr "" "contruir nuestro mercado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -13381,7 +13363,7 @@ msgstr "" "relevante)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" @@ -13391,7 +13373,7 @@ msgstr "" "entrega externo asociado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -13404,12 +13386,12 @@ msgstr "" "sitio y los diseñadores podrían ofrecer opciones de diseño a la medida)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13418,13 +13400,13 @@ msgstr "" "creador)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" "A continuación, se detallan cómo se crean las cotizaciones de los creadores:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -13446,7 +13428,7 @@ msgstr "" "manufactura subyacentes y son típicamente prorrateado de la siguiente manera:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" @@ -13456,27 +13438,27 @@ msgstr "" "ensamblado en sitio)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota por diseño: 8 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota de plataforma: 12 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota de canal: 18 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "impuesto de venta: los aplicables (depende del producto y ubicación)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -13488,7 +13470,7 @@ msgstr "" "valor al diseñador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -13503,7 +13485,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reino Unido. Actualmente Opendesk representa una gran parte de sus negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -13521,7 +13503,7 @@ msgstr "" "piezas funcionales y reproducibles." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -13538,7 +13520,7 @@ msgstr "" "personalizados.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -13554,12 +13536,12 @@ msgstr "" "usuales producidos en masa de una tienda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -13579,7 +13561,7 @@ msgstr "" "prácticas de negocios que a ellos les gustaría ver que se usaran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -13595,7 +13577,7 @@ msgstr "" "NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" @@ -13604,22 +13586,22 @@ msgstr "" "considera usos comerciales y no comerciales. Su sitio web declara:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "Es inequívocamente uso comercial cuando alguien:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "carga una cuota o tiene una ganancia cuando hace un Opendesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "vende (o tiene un servicio comercial basado en) un OpenDesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -13630,7 +13612,7 @@ msgstr "" "monetaria. Por ejemplo, estos califican como no comercial:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" @@ -13640,7 +13622,7 @@ msgstr "" "mobiliario por sí mismo" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" @@ -13649,7 +13631,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativos o capacitación (y no intenta vender las piezas resultantes)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" @@ -13664,7 +13646,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles para ti en los diferentes talleres que lo conforman" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -13687,7 +13669,7 @@ msgstr "" "intelectual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -13702,7 +13684,7 @@ msgstr "" "involucrados a través de Opendesk en trabajo generador de ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -13714,12 +13696,12 @@ msgstr "" "ganan impulso y entonces tienen esperanza en las personas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "OpenStax" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -13730,12 +13712,12 @@ msgstr "" "demanda y cursos de posicionamiento avanzado. Fundado en 2012 en los EUA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" @@ -13745,14 +13727,14 @@ msgstr "" "texto)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 16 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" @@ -13761,7 +13743,7 @@ msgstr "" "Jefe" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -13785,7 +13767,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquier momento— sin costo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -13807,7 +13789,7 @@ msgstr "" "OpenStax College, ahora simplemente OpenStax." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -13831,7 +13813,7 @@ msgstr "" "fácil adopción por parte de los estudiantes y profesores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" @@ -13840,7 +13822,7 @@ msgstr "" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -13861,7 +13843,7 @@ msgstr "" "profesionalente escala rápidamente. Todo sin una fuerza de ventas!" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -13879,7 +13861,7 @@ msgstr "" "acerca de estos libros de texto y que promuevan su uso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -13895,7 +13877,7 @@ msgstr "" "adecúe a sus necesidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -13909,12 +13891,12 @@ msgstr "" "clave, y más." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -13930,7 +13912,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus libros de texto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -13943,7 +13925,7 @@ msgstr "" "red extensiva de asociados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -13964,7 +13946,7 @@ msgstr "" "inversión filantrópica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -13985,7 +13967,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles a los alumnos por una cuota." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -14004,7 +13986,7 @@ msgstr "" "Introducción a la Sociología 2da Ed, usando estos fondos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -14026,7 +14008,7 @@ msgstr "" "fuerza de ventas; sus participantes estan afuera mostrando sus materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -14041,7 +14023,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir estos hallazgos con la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -14062,7 +14044,7 @@ msgstr "" "corrientes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -14088,7 +14070,7 @@ msgstr "" "impresos es prácticamente del cien por ciento." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -14106,7 +14088,7 @@ msgstr "" "restitución sobre una escala de tiempo que sea razonable." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -14130,7 +14112,7 @@ msgstr "" "cero, un buen ejemplo es su libro de biología." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -14164,7 +14146,7 @@ msgstr "" "muy laborioso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -14184,7 +14166,7 @@ msgstr "" "por adelantado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -14203,7 +14185,7 @@ msgstr "" "da a los profesore el control y libertad académica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -14224,7 +14206,7 @@ msgstr "" "compromiso y toma ventaja de las ineficiencias del mercado tradicional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" @@ -14234,29 +14216,29 @@ msgstr "" "vistazo</quote> de su reciente material para la prensa:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "Libros publicados: 23" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "Estudiantes que han usado OpenStax: 1.6 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes: $ 155 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes en el ciclo académico 2016-17: $77 " "millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -14269,7 +14251,7 @@ msgstr "" "años y universidades, y 344 colegios y universidades fuera de los E.U.A.)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -14283,7 +14265,7 @@ msgstr "" "internacional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -14299,7 +14281,7 @@ msgstr "" "carrera de enfermería, por ejemplo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -14322,22 +14304,22 @@ msgstr "" "alcanzarla." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "Amanda Palmer" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "Amanda Palmer es música, artista, y escritora. Vive en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -14350,14 +14332,14 @@ msgstr "" "(performances), venta de mercancia" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 15 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -14368,7 +14350,7 @@ msgstr "" "swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -14381,7 +14363,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -14395,7 +14377,7 @@ msgstr "" "haciendolo.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -14413,7 +14395,7 @@ msgstr "" "comida de tal manera que puedan seguir haciendo arte.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -14442,7 +14424,7 @@ msgstr "" "manera que pudiera seguir haciendo arte.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -14463,7 +14445,7 @@ msgstr "" "nunca fué lo que Amanda y the Dresden Dolls querían hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -14486,7 +14468,7 @@ msgstr "" "kickstarter más exitosos de todos los tiempos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -14509,7 +14491,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencia Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -14543,7 +14525,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencias NonCommercial fueron como hechas a la medida." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -14560,7 +14542,7 @@ msgstr "" "música</quote>, dijo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -14579,7 +14561,7 @@ msgstr "" "Asking." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -14603,7 +14585,7 @@ msgstr "" "inmediato es una habilidad por sí misma,</quote> escribió Amanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -14623,7 +14605,7 @@ msgstr "" "después de un espectáculo, ellos pueden sentir legitimamente que la conocen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -14640,7 +14622,7 @@ msgstr "" "que el riesgo de hacerte vulnerable casi siempre vale la pena.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -14659,7 +14641,7 @@ msgstr "" "haces con los amigos—compartes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -14678,7 +14660,7 @@ msgstr "" "Personas que se sienten involucradas en su éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -14695,7 +14677,7 @@ msgstr "" "de pertenencia a su <quote>pequeña y rara familia.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -14714,7 +14696,7 @@ msgstr "" "energía en una forma que sea placentera para ti.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -14739,7 +14721,7 @@ msgstr "" "Comineza con el arte y entonces el nexo se fortalece con la conexión humana." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -14758,7 +14740,7 @@ msgstr "" "es genuinamente valioso para ellos.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -14777,12 +14759,12 @@ msgstr "" "a la gente a ayudarla, los deja hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "PLOS (Biblioteca pública de ciencia)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -14793,12 +14775,12 @@ msgstr "" "y otra literatura científica. Fundada en el 2000 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" @@ -14808,19 +14790,19 @@ msgstr "" "en la revista" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 7 de marzo, 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Louise Page, Editor" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -14849,7 +14831,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution (CC BY)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -14872,7 +14854,7 @@ msgstr "" "quieran leer la revista especializada o un artículo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -14896,7 +14878,7 @@ msgstr "" "la investigación y avance del campo. Era tiempo para un nuevo modelo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -14921,7 +14903,7 @@ msgstr "" "publicación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -14946,7 +14928,7 @@ msgstr "" "logitud de palabras, figuras, u otros elementos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -14966,7 +14948,7 @@ msgstr "" "comenzó en 2006, son debajo de los $1,500." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -14978,7 +14960,7 @@ msgstr "" "procesamiento por artículo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -15012,7 +14994,7 @@ msgstr "" "su trabajo para publicación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -15029,7 +15011,7 @@ msgstr "" "cómo debería ser publicado y difundido el contenido de investigación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -15041,7 +15023,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibilidad de datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -15060,7 +15042,7 @@ msgstr "" "opciones en donde publicar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -15074,7 +15056,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluso cuando ellas son relativamente nuevas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -15092,7 +15074,7 @@ msgstr "" "generan más descubrimientos y citas a los autores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -15108,7 +15090,7 @@ msgstr "" "de acceso abierto inicial, o que cualquiera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -15155,7 +15137,7 @@ msgstr "" "lo referente a la ciencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -15167,7 +15149,7 @@ msgstr "" "cambiar la práctica actual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -15181,7 +15163,7 @@ msgstr "" "más tiempo requerirá inevitablemente el tiempo de aprobación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -15205,7 +15187,7 @@ msgstr "" "limitados al autor y la editorial." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -15219,7 +15201,7 @@ msgstr "" "de la investigación se reinventa alrededor del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -15254,7 +15236,7 @@ msgstr "" "los investigadores no tienen mucho tiempo para comentar los preprints." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -15274,17 +15256,17 @@ msgstr "" "transformaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -15313,7 +15295,7 @@ msgstr "" "los lectores para comunicarse con los autores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -15333,7 +15315,7 @@ msgstr "" "experimentación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -15353,7 +15335,7 @@ msgstr "" "135,000 articulos de calidad para su lectura sin costo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -15364,12 +15346,12 @@ msgstr "" "reproducible para el avance de la ciencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "Rijksmuseum" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" @@ -15378,12 +15360,12 @@ msgstr "" "historia. Fundado en 1800 en Holanda (Países Bajos)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -15394,14 +15376,14 @@ msgstr "" "museo), venta de mercancía" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 11 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" @@ -15410,7 +15392,7 @@ msgstr "" "Datos del Departamento de Información sobre Colecciones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -15440,7 +15422,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo para el museo, más abierto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -15468,7 +15450,7 @@ msgstr "" "un catálogo de fichas de toda la colección en línea." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -15486,12 +15468,12 @@ msgstr "" "toda la colección en línea?" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -15517,7 +15499,7 @@ msgstr "" "aún más discusiones sobre si el Rijksmuseum debería seguir el ejemplo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -15542,7 +15524,7 @@ msgstr "" "eran los niños en edad escolar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -15570,7 +15552,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -15592,7 +15574,7 @@ msgstr "" "objetivo de eventualmente tener toda la colección en Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -15620,7 +15602,7 @@ msgstr "" "que la gente quiere verla en la vida real visitando de hecho el museo real." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -15637,7 +15619,7 @@ msgstr "" "una forma de generar ingresos, incluso para el Rijksmuseum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -15663,12 +15645,12 @@ msgstr "" "proviene la imagen y esto incrementa la visibilidad del Museo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -15686,7 +15668,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -15709,7 +15691,7 @@ msgstr "" "comerciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -15723,7 +15705,7 @@ msgstr "" "escolares." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -15745,7 +15727,7 @@ msgstr "" "público, pero dentro de los límites establecidos por los artistas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" @@ -15754,7 +15736,7 @@ msgstr "" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -15777,7 +15759,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"El cisne amenazado\".<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -15790,7 +15772,7 @@ msgstr "" "award-2015\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" @@ -15799,7 +15781,7 @@ msgstr "" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -15831,7 +15813,7 @@ msgstr "" "del Premio Rijksstudio comenzó en septiembre de 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -15843,7 +15825,7 @@ msgstr "" "usuarios puedan interactuar más entre sí." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -15860,7 +15842,7 @@ msgstr "" "mil visitas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -15886,7 +15868,7 @@ msgstr "" "pintura." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -15923,12 +15905,12 @@ msgstr "" "acompañarte y ayudarte.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "Shareable" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" @@ -15936,12 +15918,12 @@ msgstr "" "los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" @@ -15950,14 +15932,14 @@ msgstr "" "financiamiento comunitario ( basado en proyectos), donaciones, patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 24 de febrero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" @@ -15966,7 +15948,7 @@ msgstr "" "y editor ejecutivo" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -15989,7 +15971,7 @@ msgstr "" "mantenerse fiel a sus principios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -16013,7 +15995,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -16031,7 +16013,7 @@ msgstr "" "estan recibiendo ahora.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -16053,7 +16035,7 @@ msgstr "" "y continuó ganando audiencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -16076,7 +16058,7 @@ msgstr "" "calentamiento global." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -16098,7 +16080,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus lectores a realizar cambios en sus propias vidas y comunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -16126,7 +16108,7 @@ msgstr "" "parte del contenido creado por la red es licenciado con Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -16155,7 +16137,7 @@ msgstr "" "nuestras.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -16175,7 +16157,7 @@ msgstr "" "web." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -16189,7 +16171,7 @@ msgstr "" "siguientes campañas de recaudación de fondos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -16209,7 +16191,7 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad representará mejor su visión del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -16233,7 +16215,7 @@ msgstr "" "corazón.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -16254,7 +16236,7 @@ msgstr "" "participantes fue gente de su base existente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -16268,7 +16250,7 @@ msgstr "" "recursos en construir relaciones entre sus lectores y seguidores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -16301,7 +16283,7 @@ msgstr "" "implemente su red." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -16315,12 +16297,12 @@ msgstr "" "sus propias comunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "Siyavula" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -16330,12 +16312,12 @@ msgstr "" "integra experiencias de aprendizaje. Fundada en 2012 en Sudafrica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" @@ -16344,18 +16326,18 @@ msgstr "" "servicios personalizados, patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 5 de abril, 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -16371,7 +16353,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sudáfrica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -16384,7 +16366,7 @@ msgstr "" "sobrevivir y prosperar. Mark dice que ha sido muy orgánico." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -16401,12 +16383,12 @@ msgstr "" "editarlos y ponerlos disponibles libremente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -16426,7 +16408,7 @@ msgstr "" "los grados 10 al 12." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -16443,7 +16425,7 @@ msgstr "" "este logro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -16457,12 +16439,12 @@ msgstr "" "necesidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -16482,7 +16464,7 @@ msgstr "" "del K-12 en inglés. Ese proyecto se volvió Siyavula." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -16498,7 +16480,7 @@ msgstr "" "mas allá de los seis libros iniciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -16526,12 +16508,12 @@ msgstr "" "esa manera estarían seguros para compartir y libres de repercusiones legales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -16550,7 +16532,7 @@ msgstr "" "probo ser demasiado complejo y los libros de texto rara vez fueron editados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -16564,7 +16546,7 @@ msgstr "" "un fellow de Shuttleworth." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -16582,7 +16564,7 @@ msgstr "" "funcionaron realmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -16599,7 +16581,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativos abiertos, vieron esto como una gran oportunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -16617,7 +16599,7 @@ msgstr "" "dispositivo—computadora, tableta, o teléfono móvil." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -16642,7 +16624,7 @@ msgstr "" "dentro de los libros de texto abiertos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -16655,7 +16637,7 @@ msgstr "" "dirigido únicamente a la parte más alta del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -16673,7 +16655,7 @@ msgstr "" "involuntariamente se volvió los estudiantes de bajos ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -16693,7 +16675,7 @@ msgstr "" "que estaban atendiendo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -16711,7 +16693,7 @@ msgstr "" "mercado, cuál es el precio, y que barreras para acceder hay." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -16724,7 +16706,7 @@ msgstr "" "servicio relacionado y convertir algunas personas en clientes de pago." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -16741,7 +16723,7 @@ msgstr "" "quienes cobran una y otra vez por el mismo contenido sin agregar valor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -16764,7 +16746,7 @@ msgstr "" "se suscriben." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -16782,7 +16764,7 @@ msgstr "" "desempeño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -16798,12 +16780,12 @@ msgstr "" "para los grados 4 al 6 y depués para los grados 7 al 9." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -16819,7 +16801,7 @@ msgstr "" "recursos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -16839,7 +16821,7 @@ msgstr "" "en lobros distribuidos a más de un millon de estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -16856,7 +16838,7 @@ msgstr "" "(CC BY), permitiendo a otros modificar y redistribuir los libros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -16877,7 +16859,7 @@ msgstr "" "menor en el país. Pero después de una larga negociación, el gobierno se negó." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -16897,7 +16879,7 @@ msgstr "" "independientes del gobierno." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -16913,7 +16895,7 @@ msgstr "" "potenciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -16934,7 +16916,7 @@ msgstr "" "siendo el modelo que usa Siyavula actualmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -16948,7 +16930,7 @@ msgstr "" "conflictiva y está en el limbo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -16964,7 +16946,7 @@ msgstr "" "Intelligent Practice recolecta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -16992,12 +16974,12 @@ msgstr "" "ambos, él y la compañía son más fuertes por eso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "SparkFun" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -17006,12 +16988,12 @@ msgstr "" "hardware abierto. Fundada en 2003 en Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" @@ -17020,21 +17002,21 @@ msgstr "" "físicas (ventas de componentes electrónicos)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 29 de febrero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, fundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -17049,7 +17031,7 @@ msgstr "" "hecha por alguien más. Su reacción fue de júbilo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -17062,7 +17044,7 @@ msgstr "" "nuestro impacto en el mundo.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -17080,7 +17062,7 @@ msgstr "" "por su cuenta. Ser copiados es parte del diseño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -17099,7 +17081,7 @@ msgstr "" "se considera como su propiedad intelectual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -17112,7 +17094,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nosotros quitamos esa red de seguridad.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -17132,7 +17114,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -17151,7 +17133,7 @@ msgstr "" "dijo Nathan. <quote>Esto es con lo que deberían competir.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -17173,7 +17155,7 @@ msgstr "" "empezó a hacer y vender sus propios productos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -17191,7 +17173,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus diagramas y firmware para los productos que crean." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -17208,7 +17190,7 @@ msgstr "" "para producir placas para revender usando la marca de Arduino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -17224,7 +17206,7 @@ msgstr "" "tecnología es una extensión natural de su negocio central." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -17237,7 +17219,7 @@ msgstr "" "para el 2020.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -17258,7 +17240,7 @@ msgstr "" "adaptación disponible bajo los mismo términos de licenciamiento." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -17278,7 +17260,7 @@ msgstr "" "competencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -17305,7 +17287,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo con un elemento humano, lo cual lo hace más significativo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -17325,7 +17307,7 @@ msgstr "" "resultado financiero." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -17340,7 +17322,7 @@ msgstr "" "que vienen a su sitio no solo encuentren contenido sin cambios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -17364,7 +17346,7 @@ msgstr "" "para solucionarlos.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -17385,7 +17367,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>, dijo Nathan. <quote>Eso no es realmente cierto.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -17405,7 +17387,7 @@ msgstr "" "de circuitos a partir de nuestros diseños</quote>, dijo Nathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -17431,12 +17413,12 @@ msgstr "" "propusieron ser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "TeachAIDS" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -17447,24 +17429,24 @@ msgstr "" "SIDA. Fundada en 2005 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 24 de marzo, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" @@ -17473,7 +17455,7 @@ msgstr "" "Shuman Ghosemajumder, el presidente" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -17486,7 +17468,7 @@ msgstr "" "los materiales educativos que distribuye TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -17512,7 +17494,7 @@ msgstr "" "disposición bajo una licencia Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -17552,7 +17534,7 @@ msgstr "" "únicamente pedazos de información." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -17575,7 +17557,7 @@ msgstr "" "la creación una educación eficaz, culturalmente apropiada</quote>, dijo Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -17587,7 +17569,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons en los materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -17617,7 +17599,7 @@ msgstr "" "protegiéndonos al mismo tiempo.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -17634,7 +17616,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>La investigación impulsa todo lo que hacemos.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -17651,7 +17633,7 @@ msgstr "" "para cada versión adaptada de los materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -17679,7 +17661,7 @@ msgstr "" "la información de alguien del mismo genero." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -17709,7 +17691,7 @@ msgstr "" "once veces." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -17746,7 +17728,7 @@ msgstr "" "reproducir y que funcionen.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -17773,7 +17755,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacerlo completamente gratuito.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -17795,7 +17777,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativo. Todo el contenido permanece con la marca de TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -17815,7 +17797,7 @@ msgstr "" "países ricos</quote>, comentó Shuman." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -17842,7 +17824,7 @@ msgstr "" "beneficiar a la marca por muchos años en el futuro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -17860,7 +17842,7 @@ msgstr "" "alrededor del hecho de que han patrocinado estas iniciativas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -17878,12 +17860,12 @@ msgstr "" "comentó Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "Tribe of Noise" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -17894,19 +17876,19 @@ msgstr "" "fundada en 2008 en los Países Bajos (Holanda)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 26 de enero, " "2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" @@ -17915,7 +17897,7 @@ msgstr "" "cofundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -17933,7 +17915,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluyendo el uso de software de fuentes abiertas y Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -17953,7 +17935,7 @@ msgstr "" "derechos no era suficientemente fácil de encontrar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -17973,7 +17955,7 @@ msgstr "" "Hessel y Sandra se decidieron a construir una plataforma." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -17989,7 +17971,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocio musicales requiere de una relación de confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -18005,12 +17987,12 @@ msgstr "" "personalmente para encontrar dicha música." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -18033,7 +18015,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -18073,7 +18055,7 @@ msgstr "" "días.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -18100,7 +18082,7 @@ msgstr "" "tempranas en Escandinavia, Bélgica y los Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -18116,12 +18098,12 @@ msgstr "" "es como presentan el ejemplo en su sitio Web:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -18143,7 +18125,7 @@ msgstr "" "0.142 = US$73 por mes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -18164,7 +18146,7 @@ msgstr "" "canción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -18186,7 +18168,7 @@ msgstr "" "reutilizar su canción en un posible mejor acuerdo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -18203,7 +18185,7 @@ msgstr "" "limpios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -18216,7 +18198,7 @@ msgstr "" "repertorio musical que el área comunitaria." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -18232,7 +18214,7 @@ msgstr "" "explorar otros modelos como el de Tribe of Noise Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -18254,7 +18236,7 @@ msgstr "" "la plataforma que genuinamente se involucran con ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -18273,7 +18255,7 @@ msgstr "" "necesidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -18298,7 +18280,7 @@ msgstr "" "ASCAP o BMI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -18330,7 +18312,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin tener que enfrentar batallas legales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -18352,12 +18334,12 @@ msgstr "" "basado en la confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "Fundación Wikimedia" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -18366,24 +18348,24 @@ msgstr "" "Wikipedia y sus proyectos hermanos. Fundada en 2003 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ganancia</emphasis>: donations" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 18 de " "diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" @@ -18392,12 +18374,12 @@ msgstr "" "de Compromiso Comunitario, y Stephen LaPorte, asesor legal" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "Casi cualquier persona con una presencia en línea conoce la Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -18412,7 +18394,7 @@ msgstr "" "que permite a las personas reusarlo y adaptarlo para cualquier propósito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -18423,7 +18405,7 @@ msgstr "" "— el artículo de la Wikipedia acerca de la Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -18451,7 +18433,7 @@ msgstr "" "no estan conectados con alguna organización en partícular." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -18465,7 +18447,7 @@ msgstr "" "colaboración humana." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -18482,7 +18464,7 @@ msgstr "" "simplemente todo ocurre a una escala sin precedentes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -18506,7 +18488,7 @@ msgstr "" "hechas cada hora." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -18549,7 +18531,7 @@ msgstr "" "directo para los sitios de Wikimedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -18579,7 +18561,7 @@ msgstr "" "La mayor parte del tiempo, la gente quiere hacer lo correcto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -18603,7 +18585,7 @@ msgstr "" "proteger no es siempre lo mejor para todos.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" @@ -18612,7 +18594,7 @@ msgstr "" "mistakes/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -18649,7 +18631,7 @@ msgstr "" "contribuyen.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -18668,7 +18650,7 @@ msgstr "" "$77 millones de más de cinco millones de donadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -18688,7 +18670,7 @@ msgstr "" "retornen. Cada poco ayuda. Con las suficientes miradas, ellos estan bien." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -18707,7 +18689,7 @@ msgstr "" "que hace la fundación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -18720,7 +18702,7 @@ msgstr "" "lectores. También infunde confianza en su comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -18733,7 +18715,7 @@ msgstr "" "motivar un movimiento entero</quote>, Stephen nos dijo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -18748,12 +18730,12 @@ msgstr "" "un medio de ser ese espacio público abierto.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "Bibliografía" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -18764,7 +18746,7 @@ msgstr "" "from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." @@ -18774,14 +18756,14 @@ msgstr "" "2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" "Chris Anderson. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. Nueva York: Signal, " "2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." @@ -18790,7 +18772,7 @@ msgstr "" "Decisions. Rev. ed. Nueva York: Harper Perennial, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." @@ -18799,7 +18781,7 @@ msgstr "" "2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -18812,7 +18794,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -18823,7 +18805,7 @@ msgstr "" "net/WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -18836,7 +18818,7 @@ msgstr "" "transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -18845,7 +18827,7 @@ msgstr "" "Life of the Commons</emphasis>. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -18864,7 +18846,7 @@ msgstr "" "capital-commons\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." @@ -18873,7 +18855,7 @@ msgstr "" "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." @@ -18882,7 +18864,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborative Consumption. Nueva York: Harper Business, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." @@ -18891,7 +18873,7 @@ msgstr "" "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." @@ -18900,7 +18882,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." @@ -18909,7 +18891,7 @@ msgstr "" "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." @@ -18918,7 +18900,7 @@ msgstr "" "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." @@ -18927,7 +18909,7 @@ msgstr "" "Profiting from Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -18944,7 +18926,7 @@ msgstr "" "for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -18955,7 +18937,7 @@ msgstr "" "Madison, y Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." @@ -18964,7 +18946,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." @@ -18973,7 +18955,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -18986,7 +18968,7 @@ msgstr "" ">." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -18999,7 +18981,7 @@ msgstr "" "ca/publications/Free-Knowledge\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." @@ -19008,7 +18990,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Portfolio, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -19018,7 +19000,7 @@ msgstr "" "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Cap. 11 en Elliott y Hepting, Free Knowledge." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -19031,7 +19013,7 @@ msgstr "" "ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." @@ -19040,7 +19022,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." @@ -19049,7 +19031,7 @@ msgstr "" "Governing Knowledge Commons. Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -19060,7 +19042,7 @@ msgstr "" "Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." @@ -19069,7 +19051,7 @@ msgstr "" "con nuevo epílogo. Nueva York: Portfolio, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." @@ -19078,7 +19060,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Viking, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." @@ -19087,7 +19069,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creativity and the Commons</emphasis>. Nueva York: Zed Books, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." @@ -19096,7 +19078,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." @@ -19105,7 +19087,7 @@ msgstr "" "Doubleday Canada, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." @@ -19114,7 +19096,7 @@ msgstr "" "Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." @@ -19123,7 +19105,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books. Nueva York: Vintage Books, 2007." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." @@ -19132,7 +19114,7 @@ msgstr "" "within Us All. Nueva York: Crown, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." @@ -19141,7 +19123,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." @@ -19150,7 +19132,7 @@ msgstr "" "Discovered. Nueva York: Workman, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." @@ -19159,7 +19141,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Workman, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." @@ -19168,7 +19150,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Morgan James, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -19179,7 +19161,7 @@ msgstr "" "com/news/technology-35709680\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." @@ -19188,7 +19170,7 @@ msgstr "" "Economy. Nueva York: Penguin Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -19197,7 +19179,7 @@ msgstr "" "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." @@ -19206,7 +19188,7 @@ msgstr "" "Straus y Giroux, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -19217,7 +19199,7 @@ msgstr "" "2011. <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -19228,7 +19210,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -19241,7 +19223,7 @@ msgstr "" "proposition-design\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." @@ -19250,7 +19232,7 @@ msgstr "" "People Help. Nueva York: Grand Central, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -19265,7 +19247,7 @@ msgstr "" "(licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -19278,7 +19260,7 @@ msgstr "" "bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -19291,7 +19273,7 @@ msgstr "" "url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -19302,7 +19284,7 @@ msgstr "" "Business, 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -19313,7 +19295,7 @@ msgstr "" "Macmillan, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" @@ -19321,7 +19303,7 @@ msgstr "" "Berrett-Koehler, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." @@ -19330,7 +19312,7 @@ msgstr "" "Enemy of Prosperity. Nueva York: Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." @@ -19339,7 +19321,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." @@ -19348,7 +19330,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborators. Londres, Inglaterra: Penguin Books, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." @@ -19357,7 +19339,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." @@ -19366,7 +19348,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." @@ -19375,7 +19357,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ikigai Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." @@ -19384,7 +19366,7 @@ msgstr "" "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." @@ -19393,13 +19375,13 @@ msgstr "" "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -19410,7 +19392,7 @@ msgstr "" "Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." @@ -19419,7 +19401,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reiter. Nueva York: Simon y Schuster, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." @@ -19428,7 +19410,7 @@ msgstr "" "University of Chicago Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -19443,7 +19425,7 @@ msgstr "" "opendesignnow.org\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -19454,7 +19436,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -19465,7 +19447,7 @@ msgstr "" "NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." @@ -19474,12 +19456,12 @@ msgstr "" "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "Agradecimientos" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -19494,7 +19476,7 @@ msgstr "" "inicial que nos permitió empezar este proyecto." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9769 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -19505,7 +19487,7 @@ msgstr "" "los comunes tengan vida. Gracias por la inspiración." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9774 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -19521,7 +19503,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -19535,7 +19517,7 @@ msgstr "" "invaluable. Gracias de todo corazón a todos ustedes." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9788 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -19628,7 +19610,7 @@ msgstr "" "Xavier Antoviaque, Yancey Strickler" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9839 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -20295,6 +20277,25 @@ msgstr "" "Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan, ZeMarmot " "Open Movie" +#, fuzzy +#~| msgid "" +#~| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " +#~| "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to " +#~| "get the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing " +#~| "value for themselves and for others through use of their service. " +#~| "Creative Commons is core to making the network effect possible." +#~ msgid "" +#~ "users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " +#~ "use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network " +#~ "effect possible." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Lillian piensa que el modelo de Figure.NZ tiene potencial global. Pero " +#~ "por ahora, su enfoque esta completamente abocado en lograr que Figure.NZ " +#~ "funcione en Nueva Zelanda y en conseguir el <quote>efecto red</quote>—" +#~ "usuarios incrementando dramáticamente el valor para ellos mismos y para " +#~ "otros a través del uso de sus servicios. Creative Commons es fundamental " +#~ "para hacer que el efecto red sea posible." + #, fuzzy #~| msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" #~ msgid "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>." diff --git a/po/mwcc.pot b/po/mwcc.pot index 8786b15..9198931 100644 --- a/po/mwcc.pot +++ b/po/mwcc.pot @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-10 15:19+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-17 22:56+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <LL@li.org>\n" @@ -4372,7 +4372,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3350 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4201 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4637 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3350 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4201 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4637 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5472 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6561 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7457 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8992 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" @@ -4687,7 +4687,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3592 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3783 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3979 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4400 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3592 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3783 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3979 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4400 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5774 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8009 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8537 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8759 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" @@ -6624,24 +6624,18 @@ msgstr "" msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " -"the <quote>network effect</quote>—" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138 -msgid "" -"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " -"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect " -"possible." +"the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing value for " +"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is " +"core to making the network effect possible." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access " @@ -6649,29 +6643,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6688,7 +6682,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6697,7 +6691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6706,7 +6700,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6724,7 +6718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6735,7 +6729,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6746,7 +6740,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6757,7 +6751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6770,35 +6764,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6807,7 +6801,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6815,12 +6809,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6829,7 +6823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6841,14 +6835,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6862,7 +6856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6875,7 +6869,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6891,7 +6885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6899,7 +6893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6911,7 +6905,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -6919,7 +6913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -6927,7 +6921,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 " @@ -6939,12 +6933,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -6957,7 +6951,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -6969,7 +6963,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -6979,7 +6973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -6993,14 +6987,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by " "grants. In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is " @@ -7013,7 +7007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7026,48 +7020,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and " "education-technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to " @@ -7091,7 +7085,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7103,7 +7097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7114,7 +7108,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7124,7 +7118,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7140,33 +7134,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7176,7 +7170,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7186,7 +7180,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7196,7 +7190,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7207,7 +7201,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7225,7 +7219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7238,7 +7232,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7251,7 +7245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7261,7 +7255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7274,7 +7268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7284,7 +7278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7299,7 +7293,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7311,7 +7305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7323,7 +7317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7334,7 +7328,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7347,7 +7341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7358,7 +7352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7367,7 +7361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than " @@ -7381,7 +7375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7393,26 +7387,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink " "url=\"http://jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7420,12 +7414,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as " "<quote>hustling</quote>—seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make " @@ -7439,7 +7433,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7452,7 +7446,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7461,7 +7455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7473,7 +7467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7490,7 +7484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7501,7 +7495,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7512,7 +7506,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7523,7 +7517,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7535,7 +7529,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7545,7 +7539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7557,7 +7551,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those " "skills. Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift " @@ -7571,7 +7565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7588,7 +7582,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7597,7 +7591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7611,7 +7605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and " "grit. Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in " @@ -7622,7 +7616,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7632,7 +7626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7642,7 +7636,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7650,12 +7644,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7663,29 +7657,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7693,7 +7687,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7704,7 +7698,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7714,7 +7708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7724,14 +7718,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7744,7 +7738,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7754,7 +7748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s " @@ -7765,7 +7759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7774,7 +7768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7789,7 +7783,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7802,7 +7796,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7812,7 +7806,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7828,7 +7822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7843,7 +7837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For " "one-off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7851,7 +7845,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7864,12 +7858,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7878,7 +7872,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7887,7 +7881,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7902,7 +7896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7912,7 +7906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -7921,7 +7915,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -7932,7 +7926,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -7941,7 +7935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -7953,7 +7947,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -7962,7 +7956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -7974,7 +7968,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -7986,12 +7980,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -7999,31 +7993,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the " "London-based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8035,7 +8029,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of " "society. Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight " @@ -8049,7 +8043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8059,38 +8053,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8102,7 +8096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8112,7 +8106,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8122,7 +8116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8132,19 +8126,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to " @@ -8159,7 +8153,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8174,7 +8168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more " "demand. Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship " @@ -8185,7 +8179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8195,7 +8189,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8206,12 +8200,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388 msgid "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8219,7 +8213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8229,7 +8223,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8238,7 +8232,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United " "Kingdom. But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors " @@ -8250,7 +8244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8264,14 +8258,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink " "url=\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8279,7 +8273,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community " "building. Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and " @@ -8290,12 +8284,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8306,7 +8300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8315,7 +8309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8324,7 +8318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8343,7 +8337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8351,7 +8345,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8360,46 +8354,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8407,31 +8401,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6553 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8440,7 +8434,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8459,7 +8453,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8468,7 +8462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8481,7 +8475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8491,7 +8485,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8499,7 +8493,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8509,12 +8503,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8524,7 +8518,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8533,7 +8527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8546,12 +8540,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8564,7 +8558,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8572,14 +8566,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8587,14 +8581,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8602,7 +8596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to " @@ -8611,14 +8605,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8627,24 +8621,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8657,34 +8651,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8692,7 +8686,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8702,7 +8696,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8713,7 +8707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open " "making</quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers " @@ -8723,7 +8717,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8733,12 +8727,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8750,7 +8744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8760,29 +8754,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8790,28 +8784,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8824,7 +8818,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8834,7 +8828,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8843,12 +8837,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement " @@ -8856,31 +8850,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, " "editor-in-chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8894,7 +8888,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8907,7 +8901,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -8921,14 +8915,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -8941,7 +8935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -8952,7 +8946,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -8962,7 +8956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -8971,12 +8965,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -8986,7 +8980,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -8995,7 +8989,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on " @@ -9008,7 +9002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9020,7 +9014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9032,7 +9026,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak " "efficiency. OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing " @@ -9046,7 +9040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9056,7 +9050,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9068,7 +9062,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9083,7 +9077,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9094,7 +9088,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9108,7 +9102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9127,7 +9121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an " @@ -9139,7 +9133,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9151,7 +9145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9163,7 +9157,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive " "results. From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press " @@ -9171,27 +9165,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9200,7 +9194,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9209,7 +9203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9219,7 +9213,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9232,22 +9226,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9256,19 +9250,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9277,7 +9271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot " @@ -9287,7 +9281,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9298,7 +9292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9314,7 +9308,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9327,7 +9321,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9341,7 +9335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9355,7 +9349,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9374,7 +9368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9384,7 +9378,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9396,7 +9390,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9410,7 +9404,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9422,7 +9416,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9433,7 +9427,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9445,7 +9439,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9457,7 +9451,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9468,7 +9462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9480,7 +9474,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9495,7 +9489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9507,7 +9501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9519,12 +9513,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the " @@ -9532,29 +9526,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9570,7 +9564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9584,7 +9578,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9598,7 +9592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9612,7 +9606,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9626,7 +9620,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9638,7 +9632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to " "publication. Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for " @@ -9647,7 +9641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9665,7 +9659,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC " "BY). This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content " @@ -9676,7 +9670,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9684,7 +9678,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9695,7 +9689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9704,7 +9698,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9715,7 +9709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9725,7 +9719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9749,7 +9743,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9757,7 +9751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9766,7 +9760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9780,7 +9774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9789,7 +9783,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9807,7 +9801,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9819,17 +9813,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9845,7 +9839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9857,7 +9851,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9869,7 +9863,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9877,24 +9871,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and " "history. Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -9902,19 +9896,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -9931,7 +9925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -9947,7 +9941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -9958,12 +9952,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder " @@ -9979,7 +9973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -9993,7 +9987,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10008,7 +10002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for " @@ -10022,7 +10016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of " "poor-quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of " @@ -10038,7 +10032,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10049,7 +10043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10064,12 +10058,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10080,7 +10074,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10093,7 +10087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10102,7 +10096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the " @@ -10115,14 +10109,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10136,7 +10130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10145,14 +10139,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10170,7 +10164,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10178,7 +10172,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10189,7 +10183,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10204,7 +10198,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10224,41 +10218,41 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993 msgid "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10271,7 +10265,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10285,7 +10279,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10297,7 +10291,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10310,7 +10304,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10323,7 +10317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10336,7 +10330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10352,7 +10346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10368,7 +10362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10380,7 +10374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10389,7 +10383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10401,7 +10395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10415,7 +10409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10427,7 +10421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10437,7 +10431,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10455,7 +10449,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a " @@ -10464,12 +10458,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10477,29 +10471,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10509,7 +10503,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10518,7 +10512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10528,12 +10522,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10545,7 +10539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10555,7 +10549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10564,12 +10558,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10581,7 +10575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10591,7 +10585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10607,12 +10601,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10624,7 +10618,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10633,7 +10627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10644,7 +10638,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10655,7 +10649,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10666,7 +10660,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10680,7 +10674,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10689,7 +10683,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10700,7 +10694,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10712,7 +10706,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10723,7 +10717,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10732,7 +10726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10743,7 +10737,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale " "up. They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10756,7 +10750,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10767,7 +10761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10777,12 +10771,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10792,7 +10786,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10804,7 +10798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10815,7 +10809,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10828,7 +10822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10840,7 +10834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10850,7 +10844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10863,7 +10857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The " @@ -10872,7 +10866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10882,7 +10876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -10898,41 +10892,41 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open " "hardware. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -10942,7 +10936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -10951,7 +10945,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -10962,7 +10956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -10974,7 +10968,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -10983,7 +10977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -10995,7 +10989,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11007,7 +11001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11020,7 +11014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11031,7 +11025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11042,7 +11036,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping " @@ -11053,7 +11047,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11062,7 +11056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11075,7 +11069,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11087,7 +11081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11103,7 +11097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11115,7 +11109,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11125,7 +11119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11139,7 +11133,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11152,7 +11146,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11164,7 +11158,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11179,12 +11173,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the " @@ -11192,29 +11186,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by " @@ -11223,7 +11217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11238,7 +11232,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11259,7 +11253,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11273,7 +11267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11281,7 +11275,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11298,7 +11292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11309,7 +11303,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11320,7 +11314,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11336,7 +11330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11353,7 +11347,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11373,7 +11367,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11388,7 +11382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11401,7 +11395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11413,7 +11407,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11428,7 +11422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11439,7 +11433,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving " "education—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins " @@ -11450,12 +11444,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11463,24 +11457,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11492,7 +11486,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11504,7 +11498,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11516,7 +11510,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11526,7 +11520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11536,12 +11530,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11554,7 +11548,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11575,7 +11569,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11590,7 +11584,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11601,12 +11595,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11619,7 +11613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11631,7 +11625,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11644,7 +11638,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11654,7 +11648,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11663,7 +11657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to " "work. With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing " @@ -11673,7 +11667,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11686,7 +11680,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11698,7 +11692,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11712,7 +11706,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11730,7 +11724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11743,46 +11737,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the " @@ -11792,7 +11786,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what " @@ -11800,7 +11794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11816,7 +11810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11825,7 +11819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11836,7 +11830,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11850,7 +11844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11873,7 +11867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11890,7 +11884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11904,14 +11898,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356 msgid "" "<ulink " "url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -11932,7 +11926,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -11944,7 +11938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -11956,7 +11950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -11968,7 +11962,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -11977,7 +11971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -11986,7 +11980,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -11996,12 +11990,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12009,33 +12003,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink " @@ -12044,7 +12038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open " "Economy. Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink " @@ -12053,7 +12047,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12062,14 +12056,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the " "Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through " @@ -12082,56 +12076,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12141,7 +12135,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12149,21 +12143,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12171,7 +12165,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12181,14 +12175,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan " "Hoover. New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12196,7 +12190,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12205,21 +12199,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared " "Resources. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "eds. Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. " "Strandburg. <quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in " @@ -12227,91 +12221,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being " "Creative. New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink " @@ -12319,28 +12313,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12348,7 +12342,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12356,7 +12350,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12365,14 +12359,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12382,7 +12376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink " @@ -12391,7 +12385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12400,7 +12394,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12408,7 +12402,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12416,73 +12410,73 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683 msgid "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing " "Economy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12490,21 +12484,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12514,7 +12508,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink " @@ -12522,7 +12516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC " @@ -12530,19 +12524,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and " "Performance. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12552,7 +12546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9769 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12560,7 +12554,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9774 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12570,7 +12564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter " @@ -12579,7 +12573,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9788 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12628,7 +12622,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9839 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " diff --git a/po/nb/mwcc.po b/po/nb/mwcc.po index 541b239..a9e5483 100644 --- a/po/nb/mwcc.po +++ b/po/nb/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-10 15:19+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-17 22:56+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2019-02-17 22:55+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Petter Reinholdtsen <pere-weblate@hungry.com>\n" "Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/" @@ -826,8 +826,8 @@ msgstr "" "allmenningen. Det samme er språk og kunnskap, fortau og torg, historier fra " "barndommen og demokratiske prosesser. Noen deler av allmenningen er gaver " "fra naturen, andre er resultat av menneskelig innsats. Noen er nye, for " -"eksempel Internett; andre like eldgamle som jord og kalligrafi.</quote><" -"placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"eksempel Internett; andre like eldgamle som jord og kalligrafi.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:422 @@ -2617,11 +2617,12 @@ msgstr "" "medlemskap, <quote>Gratis digitalt, men fysisk for betaling</quote>, " "folkefinansiering, matchmaking, verdiøkende tjenester, beskyttere ... " "listen fortsetter og fortsetter. (Første beskrivelse av hvordan skaffe " -"inntekt fremgår av referansenote. Om nyeste tanker rundt dette, se <quote>" -"Hvordan bringe inn penger</quote> i neste del.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\"" -" id=\"0\"/> Det er ingen enkel, magisk formel, og hver oppgave har utviklet " -"måter som passer for den. De fleste gjør bruk av mer enn én metode. Å ha " -"mange inntektsstrømmer reduserer risikoen, og gir flere veier til bærekraft." +"inntekt fremgår av referansenote. Om nyeste tanker rundt dette, se " +"<quote>Hvordan bringe inn penger</quote> i neste del.)<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Det er ingen enkel, magisk formel, og hver oppgave " +"har utviklet måter som passer for den. De fleste gjør bruk av mer enn én " +"metode. Å ha mange inntektsstrømmer reduserer risikoen, og gir flere veier " +"til bærekraft." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1353 @@ -3090,8 +3091,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Ifølge den banebrytende håndboken Business Model Generation, en " "forretningsmodell som <quote>beskriver begrunnelsen for hvordan en " -"organisasjon skaper, leverer og får tak i verdi</quote>.<placeholder type=\"" -"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Tenking om deling i betydningen å skape og få tak i " +"organisasjon skaper, leverer og får tak i verdi</quote>.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Tenking om deling i betydningen å skape og få tak i " "verdier, føltes alltid uriktig transaksjonsbasert og malplassert, noe vi " "hørte gang på gang i våre intervjuer. Og som Cory Doctorow fortalte oss i " "vårt intervju med ham, <quote>forretningsmodell kan bety alt som noen mener " @@ -3352,11 +3353,11 @@ msgstr "" "Kostnadene for å drive forretninger varierer mye for de som bruker CC, men " "det er vanligvis en mye lavere terskel for lønnsomhet enn det pleide å være " "for kreative geskjefter. Digital teknologi har gjort det enklere enn " -"noensinne å lage og distribuere. Som Doctorow skrev i sin bok <quote>" -"Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free</quote>: <quote>Hvis analoge kroner har " -"snudd til digitale ører (som kritikere av annonsestøttede media vil ha det " -"til), er det det et faktum at det er mulig å drive forretning med like mye " -"reklame som sine forgjengere til en brøkdel av prisen</quote>." +"noensinne å lage og distribuere. Som Doctorow skrev i sin bok " +"<quote>Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free</quote>: <quote>Hvis analoge " +"kroner har snudd til digitale ører (som kritikere av annonsestøttede media " +"vil ha det til), er det det et faktum at det er mulig å drive forretning med " +"like mye reklame som sine forgjengere til en brøkdel av prisen</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1734 @@ -3397,8 +3398,8 @@ msgid "" "224." msgstr "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " -"Something for Nothing, nytt opplag med nytt forord (New York: Hyperion, 2010)" -", 224." +"Something for Nothing, nytt opplag med nytt forord (New York: Hyperion, " +"2010), 224." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1743 @@ -3452,8 +3453,8 @@ msgstr "" "forleggere. Doctorow skrev: <quote>Hvis du er en innholdsleverandør som " "aldri fikk imperialistiske makters miskunn, er dette din tid. Der du en gang " "sto uten mulighet til å nå ut til et publikum uten hjelp av " -"industridominerende megaselskaper, har du nå hundrevis av måter å omgå " -"dem</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Tidligere krevde " +"industridominerende megaselskaper, har du nå hundrevis av måter å omgå dem</" +"quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Tidligere krevde " "distribusjon av skapende arbeid kostnadene som trengs for å opprettholde en " "monolittisk enhet. Nå kan skaperne gjøre jobben selv. Dette betyr at de " "finansielle kravene til kreative aktiviteter kan være mye mer beskjedne." @@ -3481,8 +3482,8 @@ msgstr "" "risikovillig kapital og aksjeopsjoner. Det handler mer om bærekraft og " "mindre om ubegrenset vekst og fortjeneste. SparkFuns grunnlegger Nathan " "Seidle lot oss fortelle: <quote>Forretningsmodell er et virkelig grandiost " -"ord for det. Egentlig gjelder det bare å holde ting gående fra dag til " -"dag</quote>." +"ord for det. Egentlig gjelder det bare å holde ting gående fra dag til dag</" +"quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1788 @@ -3717,9 +3718,9 @@ msgid "" "quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Selvfølgelig, å bli oppdaget av folk som liker arbeidet gjør deg ikke " -"bemidlet - så langt derifra. Som Cory Doctorow dog sier suksessivt, <quote>" -"anerkjennelse er en av mange nødvendige forutsetninger for kunstnerisk " -"suksess</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"bemidlet - så langt derifra. Som Cory Doctorow dog sier suksessivt, " +"<quote>anerkjennelse er en av mange nødvendige forutsetninger for " +"kunstnerisk suksess</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 @@ -3760,10 +3761,10 @@ msgstr "" "Det er ikke bare det at å begrense tilgangen til verkene dine kan hemme ditt " "sosiale oppdrag. Det kan også fremmedgjøre folk som setter mest pris på din " "kreative innsats. Hvis folk liker verkene dine, så er det et naturlig " -"instinkt å ønske å dele det med andre. Som David Bollier endog skrev, <quote>" -"våre naturlige menneskelige impulser er å imitere og å dele – kulturens " -"essens – har blitt kriminalisert</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"" -"0\"/>" +"instinkt å ønske å dele det med andre. Som David Bollier endog skrev, " +"<quote>våre naturlige menneskelige impulser er å imitere og å dele – " +"kulturens essens – har blitt kriminalisert</quote>.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1903 @@ -3974,8 +3975,8 @@ msgstr "" "med maksimal distribusjon. Den andre måten å si dette på er at når de " "marginale distribusjonskostnadene er borte, kan du like greit legge ut ting " "overalt</quote>.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Denne strategien " -"motiverer ofte selskaper til å gjøre sine produkter og tjenester gratis (" -"dvs. til ingen kostnad), men den samme logikken gjelder for å dele innhold " +"motiverer ofte selskaper til å gjøre sine produkter og tjenester gratis " +"(dvs. til ingen kostnad), men den samme logikken gjelder for å dele innhold " "fritt. Det at CC-lisensiert innhold er gratis og kan kopieres uten " "begrensinger, gjør CC-lisensiering innholdet enda mer tilgjengelig, og gjør " "det mer sannsynlig at det blir spredt." @@ -4699,10 +4700,10 @@ msgstr "" "finne innhold som treffer våre behov og ønsker, så tilpassede tjenester er " "spesielt verdifulle. Som Anderson skrev, <quote>Informasjon for alle (alle " "får den samme versjonen) ønsker å være fri. Tilpasset informasjon (du får " -"noe unikt og meningsfullt for deg) ønsker å være kostbar</quote>.<" -"placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Dette kan være alt fra kunstneriske " -"og kulturelle rådgivingstjenester som tilbys av Ártica til det skreddersydde " -"sangtilbudet fra Jonathan <quote>en-sang-om-dagen</quote> Mann." +"noe unikt og meningsfullt for deg) ønsker å være kostbar</quote>." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Dette kan være alt fra " +"kunstneriske og kulturelle rådgivingstjenester som tilbys av Ártica til det " +"skreddersydde sangtilbudet fra Jonathan <quote>en-sang-om-dagen</quote> Mann." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2337 @@ -6575,8 +6576,8 @@ msgid "" "worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" "CC0 gjør det mulig for innholdsleverandører og rettighetshavere å tilegne " -"sine arbeider til det verdensomspennende samling av verk i det fri (<quote>" -"ingen rettigheter reservert</quote>)." +"sine arbeider til det verdensomspennende samling av verk i det fri " +"(<quote>ingen rettigheter reservert</quote>)." #. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3229 @@ -6811,16 +6812,16 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4201 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4637 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8992 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "Profilen skrevet av Paul Stacey" @@ -6878,9 +6879,9 @@ msgid "" "<quote>ended up strengthening the platform far beyond what we had even " "thought of building.</quote>" msgstr "" -"<quote>Grunnene for å gjøre Arduino til åpen maskinvare er " -"kompliserte</quote>, sier Tom. Delvis handlet det om å støtte fleksibilitet. " -"Åpen maskinvare-egenskapene til Arduino gir brukere rett til å endre og lage " +"<quote>Grunnene for å gjøre Arduino til åpen maskinvare er kompliserte</" +"quote>, sier Tom. Delvis handlet det om å støtte fleksibilitet. Åpen " +"maskinvare-egenskapene til Arduino gir brukere rett til å endre og lage " "mange forskjellige varianter, bygd på toppen av det grunnleggende laget. " "David sier dette <quote>endte opp med å styrke plattformen langt utover det " "vi til og med hadde tenkt å lage</quote>." @@ -7341,12 +7342,12 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3783 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3979 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4400 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Profilen skrevet av Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" @@ -10288,9 +10289,9 @@ msgstr "" "velstand, sosial velferd, miljøkvaliteten og miljøproduktivitet for New " "Zealand og for nyzealendere. Når hun holdt foredrag i lokalsamfunn og for " "næringsdrivende, innså Lillian <quote>hvert eneste tema vi tok opp ville " -"vært lettere å håndtere hvis flere hadde forstått de grunnleggende " -"fakta</quote>. Men for å kunne forstå grunnleggende fakta kreves noen ganger " -"data og forskning du gjerne måte betale for." +"vært lettere å håndtere hvis flere hadde forstått de grunnleggende fakta</" +"quote>. Men for å kunne forstå grunnleggende fakta kreves noen ganger data " +"og forskning du gjerne måte betale for." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4913 @@ -10796,27 +10797,9 @@ msgstr "" msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " -"the <quote>network effect</quote>—" -msgstr "" -"Lillian ser Figure.NZs modell i lys av å ha et globalt potensiale. Uansett " -"er deres fokus nå fullt ut utførelsen av Figure.NZs arbeid i New Zealand, og " -"realiseringen av <quote>nettverkseffekten</quote> – at brukere dramatisk " -"øker egen og andres nytteverdi ved bruk av tjenesten. Creative Commons er " -"kjernen som gjør denne nettverkseffekten mulig." - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " -#| "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to " -#| "get the “network effect”— users dramatically increasing value for " -#| "themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons " -#| "is core to making the network effect possible." -msgid "" -"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " -"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect " -"possible." +"the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing value for " +"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is " +"core to making the network effect possible." msgstr "" "Lillian ser Figure.NZs modell i lys av å ha et globalt potensiale. Uansett " "er deres fokus nå fullt ut utførelsen av Figure.NZs arbeid i New Zealand, og " @@ -10825,12 +10808,12 @@ msgstr "" "kjernen som gjør denne nettverkseffekten mulig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "Knowledge Unlatched" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -10841,12 +10824,12 @@ msgstr "" "Grunnlagt 2012 i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" @@ -10855,20 +10838,20 @@ msgstr "" "(spesialisert)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 26. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " @@ -10912,7 +10895,7 @@ msgstr "" "Innovation Award-pris for innovasjon i utdanning i 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " @@ -10931,7 +10914,7 @@ msgstr "" "både å beskytte innhold på nettet, og fordele det gratis for brukere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -10944,7 +10927,7 @@ msgstr "" "ned." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -10976,7 +10959,7 @@ msgstr "" "for det trykte formatet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the " @@ -11001,7 +10984,7 @@ msgstr "" "en iskrem sundae." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -11018,7 +11001,7 @@ msgstr "" "boken - kjeksisen eller iskuler med pynt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " @@ -11040,7 +11023,7 @@ msgstr "" "åpen tilgangs-versjon av bøker utgitt med en Creative Commons-lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -11061,7 +11044,7 @@ msgstr "" "profit samfunnsforetak) i 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" @@ -11070,7 +11053,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unlatched: Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." @@ -11079,7 +11062,7 @@ msgstr "" "bare via Knowlegde Unlatched." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." @@ -11088,7 +11071,7 @@ msgstr "" "samlinger (slik de gjør fra bibliotekleverandører i dag)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." @@ -11097,7 +11080,7 @@ msgstr "" "kjøpes spesifiseres og prisene angis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -11110,7 +11093,7 @@ msgstr "" "dekket Title Fee-gebyret." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -11121,12 +11104,12 @@ msgstr "" "beløpet som er den summen som er innbetalt fra bibliotekene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -11139,7 +11122,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -11157,7 +11140,7 @@ msgstr "" "på utgiftene, og pr. bok kom de ned i under 43 dollar pr. bok." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" @@ -11166,7 +11149,7 @@ msgstr "" "availability-1/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -11189,7 +11172,7 @@ msgstr "" "(royalty) for salg av fysiske kopier." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -11210,7 +11193,7 @@ msgstr "" "deltar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -11238,7 +11221,7 @@ msgstr "" "og til sist, unnfanging." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -11249,7 +11232,7 @@ msgstr "" "passe inn i kjøpssykluser, budsjettrunder, og bibliotekkomiteers møter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -11267,7 +11250,7 @@ msgstr "" "fått enda flere biblioteker med i laget." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -11278,7 +11261,7 @@ msgstr "" "også, med fri tilgang på alt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -11289,7 +11272,7 @@ msgstr "" "lukkede standard publiseringsmodellenen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -11308,14 +11291,14 @@ msgstr "" "13 av dem, i andre runde gikk det ikke mer enn en måned for å få 26." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -11336,7 +11319,7 @@ msgstr "" "ved å delta.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -11356,7 +11339,7 @@ msgstr "" "digitale versjonen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -11372,7 +11355,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotekene, men for hele verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -11395,7 +11378,7 @@ msgstr "" "førsterunden lastet ned nesten åtti tusen ganger i 175 land." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." @@ -11404,7 +11387,7 @@ msgstr "" "for monografier en vinn-vinn-situasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -11425,7 +11408,7 @@ msgstr "" "frikjøp av tidsskifter og eldre bøker." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -11446,12 +11429,12 @@ msgstr "" "snarere enn en revolusjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "Lumen Learning" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." @@ -11461,12 +11444,12 @@ msgstr "" "educational resources). Grunnlagt 2013 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" @@ -11475,13 +11458,13 @@ msgstr "" "tjenester, gi finansiering" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 21. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" @@ -11490,12 +11473,12 @@ msgstr "" "medgrunnleggere" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -11538,7 +11521,7 @@ msgstr "" "opprette Lumen Learning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -11557,7 +11540,7 @@ msgstr "" "donasjonen skal brukes, er det ofte ikke mye fleksibilitet til å gjøre det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -11575,7 +11558,7 @@ msgstr "" "bærekraftig utvikling." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -11590,7 +11573,7 @@ msgstr "" "frie bruk og gjenbruk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -11616,12 +11599,12 @@ msgstr "" "universiteter –" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "å erstatte dyre lærebøker i kurs med mange påmeldinger med OER;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" @@ -11631,7 +11614,7 @@ msgstr "" "læringshåndtering;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" @@ -11640,7 +11623,7 @@ msgstr "" "utholdenhet, og kursfullførelse; og" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." @@ -11649,7 +11632,7 @@ msgstr "" "basert på kunnskap om studentens studiefremgang." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -11664,7 +11647,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisensen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -11679,7 +11662,7 @@ msgstr "" "dollar pr. deltagende student." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -11693,7 +11676,7 @@ msgstr "" "dollar pr. deltagende student." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -11710,7 +11693,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre dyre ressurser med OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -11741,7 +11724,7 @@ msgstr "" "i samfunnet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -11761,7 +11744,7 @@ msgstr "" "den beste OER de kan finne i så henseende, som fakultetet så etterser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -11782,7 +11765,7 @@ msgstr "" "Lumens innhold blir gitt en henvisning – Attribusjon (CC BY)-lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -11797,7 +11780,7 @@ msgstr "" "forskjellig OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -11818,7 +11801,7 @@ msgstr "" "henvisninger som metadata, for å få det til å vises på slutten av hver side." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -11833,7 +11816,7 @@ msgstr "" "antall generelle henvendelser Lumens salgskapasitet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -11856,7 +11839,7 @@ msgstr "" "størst antall elever." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -11875,7 +11858,7 @@ msgstr "" "bærekraften i Lumen beholdes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -11894,7 +11877,7 @@ msgstr "" "nytte av, og bidrar til dette åpne samfunnet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -11911,7 +11894,7 @@ msgstr "" "og med gir tilbake generøst." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -11931,7 +11914,7 @@ msgstr "" "utvikling og forbedring av den OER-en de bruker." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -11948,7 +11931,7 @@ msgstr "" "alle disse faktorene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -11961,7 +11944,7 @@ msgstr "" "er forståelig, og som kan gjentas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -11982,7 +11965,7 @@ msgstr "" "erstatte donasjoner med inntekter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -12000,12 +11983,12 @@ msgstr "" "vite hvor du står, og ikke vike tilbake. Det er et spørsmål om tillit." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "Jonathan Mann" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." @@ -12014,7 +11997,7 @@ msgstr "" "Day</quote>-fyren. Han holder til i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" @@ -12023,7 +12006,7 @@ msgstr "" "bandcamp.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -12034,13 +12017,13 @@ msgstr "" "for personlige versjoner (inntekter fra foredrag og musikalske opptredener)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 22. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -12063,7 +12046,7 @@ msgstr "" "konferansens sesjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -12083,7 +12066,7 @@ msgstr "" "erfaringen ga ham oppslag i Time magazine." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -12096,7 +12079,7 @@ msgstr "" "låtskriving, og han er viden kjent som <quote>en-sang-om-dagen-fyren</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -12115,7 +12098,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettet enn bare lyttet til lydfiler." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -12144,7 +12127,7 @@ msgstr "" "han seg, og får noen andre til å legge ut sangen for ham." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -12161,7 +12144,7 @@ msgstr "" "sanger for dem. I dag tjener han mesteparten av pengene sine på den måten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -12178,7 +12161,7 @@ msgstr "" "finansierte produksjonen av denne boken." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -12195,7 +12178,7 @@ msgstr "" "kunne deles.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " @@ -12224,7 +12207,7 @@ msgstr "" "undergravd det</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -12239,7 +12222,7 @@ msgstr "" "ingenting av dette</quote>, sa Jonathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " @@ -12267,7 +12250,7 @@ msgstr "" "å skrive egendefinerte sanger for klienter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -12289,7 +12272,7 @@ msgstr "" "tekniske begreper til noe forståelig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send " @@ -12332,7 +12315,7 @@ msgstr "" "meg i den prosessen</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -12345,7 +12328,7 @@ msgstr "" "funnet en måte å holde det interessant for seg selv." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but " @@ -12380,7 +12363,7 @@ msgstr "" "stedet for å etterligne andres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -12398,7 +12381,7 @@ msgstr "" "prinsippene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -12413,7 +12396,7 @@ msgstr "" "bli bedre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -12428,7 +12411,7 @@ msgstr "" "av Steve Jobs, sier han at aldri føler seg virkelig vellykket." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -12439,12 +12422,12 @@ msgstr "" "vil så mye av det vedkommende driver med være borte.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "Noun-prosjektet" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -12455,12 +12438,12 @@ msgstr "" "USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" @@ -12469,13 +12452,13 @@ msgstr "" "transaksjonsgebyr, betaling for tilpassede tjenester" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 6. oktober 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" @@ -12483,7 +12466,7 @@ msgstr "" "medgrunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -12494,7 +12477,7 @@ msgstr "" "grenser, språk og kulturer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -12511,7 +12494,7 @@ msgstr "" "for hvert enkelt objekt eller begrep i verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -12526,7 +12509,7 @@ msgstr "" "hjelpe dem som var i lignende situasjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -12542,7 +12525,7 @@ msgstr "" "frivillige designere over hele verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" @@ -12551,7 +12534,7 @@ msgstr "" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -12571,7 +12554,7 @@ msgstr "" "større." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " @@ -12594,7 +12577,7 @@ msgstr "" "verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -12611,7 +12594,7 @@ msgstr "" "fellesskap av designere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -12624,7 +12607,7 @@ msgstr "" "forretningsmodell rundt gratis innhold." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -12649,7 +12632,7 @@ msgstr "" "ut i det offentlige rom." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have " @@ -12680,7 +12663,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -12695,7 +12678,7 @@ msgstr "" "spennende for de fleste designere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -12722,7 +12705,7 @@ msgstr "" "skapere, og bra for plattformen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface " @@ -12759,7 +12742,7 @@ msgstr "" "kjøp av en API Pro-versjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -12770,7 +12753,7 @@ msgstr "" "prosjektet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -12792,15 +12775,15 @@ msgstr "" "brukeren." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -12812,7 +12795,7 @@ msgstr "" "dette overfor innholdsleverandørene da tillitsbygging har høyeste prioritet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -12826,7 +12809,7 @@ msgstr "" "betale husleien." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -12852,7 +12835,7 @@ msgstr "" "abonnerer på NounPro, kan du åpne Noun-prosjektet direkte fra Lingo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -12866,7 +12849,7 @@ msgstr "" "lærere og andre som trenger å kommunisere ideer visuelt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " @@ -12884,7 +12867,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre som tilbyr grafikk, ikoner eller utklipp." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -12902,7 +12885,7 @@ msgstr "" "penger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -12915,7 +12898,7 @@ msgstr "" "troverdighet. CC kommer med et innebygd fellesskap med brukere og tilhengere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community " @@ -12943,7 +12926,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortsette å gi det næring</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -12956,7 +12939,7 @@ msgstr "" "Brukerne kan også søke i ikonene etter designerens navn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -12976,7 +12959,7 @@ msgstr "" "brukes gratis av alle." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -12994,12 +12977,12 @@ msgstr "" "integrere Creative Commons i modellen har vært nøkkelen til å nå dette målet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "Open Data-instituttet" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -13010,12 +12993,12 @@ msgstr "" "2012 i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" @@ -13024,12 +13007,12 @@ msgstr "" "offentlig finansiering, betaling for tilpassede tjenester, donasjoner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 11. november 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" @@ -13038,7 +13021,7 @@ msgstr "" "direktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -13057,7 +13040,7 @@ msgstr "" "å hjelpe folk rundt i verden å innovere med data." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -13080,7 +13063,7 @@ msgstr "" "til å forbedre sine liv ved å bedre forstå hva som skjer rundt dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -13095,7 +13078,7 @@ msgstr "" "og åpne-data-initiativer.) Den fortsetter med å si at ODI vil –" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" @@ -13104,19 +13087,19 @@ msgstr "" "åpen data-politikk berører dette;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" "utvikle eksempler på de økonomiske fordelene – og forretningsmodeller for " "åpne data;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "hjelpe britiske bedrifter å bruke åpne data; og" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" @@ -13125,7 +13108,7 @@ msgstr "" "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13134,7 +13117,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " @@ -13161,7 +13144,7 @@ msgstr "" "inntekter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -13176,7 +13159,7 @@ msgstr "" "millioner investering fra Omidyar Network." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -13191,7 +13174,7 @@ msgstr "" "ansatte." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -13207,7 +13190,7 @@ msgstr "" "markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." @@ -13216,12 +13199,12 @@ msgstr "" "og rådgivning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -13247,7 +13230,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -13272,7 +13255,7 @@ msgstr "" "slik at de kan delta som en form for faglig utvikling." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -13289,7 +13272,7 @@ msgstr "" "tendens til å generere stor interesse og engasjement." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -13304,7 +13287,7 @@ msgstr "" "det fire tematiske spor og over 750 deltakere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -13321,14 +13304,14 @@ msgstr "" "organisasjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" "I kommersiell forstand syntes følgende verdistandpunkter å gi gjenklang:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -13339,7 +13322,7 @@ msgstr "" "også åpner opp sine egne data. Store data er et hett tema." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -13354,7 +13337,7 @@ msgstr "" "organisatorisk uavhengighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -13367,7 +13350,7 @@ msgstr "" "effektivitet og muligheter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -13384,7 +13367,7 @@ msgstr "" "til behovet om å sette opp internasjonale ODI-<quote>avleggere</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -13405,7 +13388,7 @@ msgstr "" "liten avgift for å være en del av nettverket, og bruke varemerket." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" @@ -13414,7 +13397,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -13426,7 +13409,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -13444,12 +13427,12 @@ msgstr "" "som skjer ansikt til ansikt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -13466,7 +13449,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -13479,7 +13462,7 @@ msgstr "" "utplasseringen av åpne data." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -13492,7 +13475,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisenser</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " @@ -13542,7 +13525,7 @@ msgstr "" "penger</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -13553,7 +13536,7 @@ msgstr "" "leveranse. Her er noen beregninger fra 27. April 2016:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -13566,17 +13549,17 @@ msgstr "" "millioner (pund)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "Antall aktive medlemmer og noder over hele verden: 1350" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "Totalt salg siden ODI startet: £ 7.44 millioner (pund)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" @@ -13585,17 +13568,17 @@ msgstr "" "2,2 millioner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "Totalt antall åpne datasertifikater opprettet: 151 000" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13604,12 +13587,12 @@ msgstr "" "080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "OpenDesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -13620,13 +13603,13 @@ msgstr "" "virkeliggjør designene. Grunnlagt i 2014 i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6553 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" @@ -13635,12 +13618,12 @@ msgstr "" "transaksjonsgebyr" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\"> Intervjudato</emphasis>: 4. november 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" @@ -13649,7 +13632,7 @@ msgstr "" "Steiner, medgrunnleggere" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -13662,7 +13645,7 @@ msgstr "" "produsentene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -13693,7 +13676,7 @@ msgstr "" "og Opendesk, et kommersielt selskap." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -13707,7 +13690,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortsatt langt unna." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -13729,7 +13712,7 @@ msgstr "" "avgjorde å bruke Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -13744,7 +13727,7 @@ msgstr "" "en forretningsmodell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -13755,7 +13738,7 @@ msgstr "" "på forretningsmodellen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -13770,12 +13753,12 @@ msgstr "" "selv bestemme seg for hvor åpen eller lukket de ønsker å være." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -13788,7 +13771,7 @@ msgstr "" "profilere designere.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -13801,7 +13784,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution-NonCommercial-lisensen (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -13820,12 +13803,12 @@ msgstr "" "spesifikasjonene i designfilen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -13846,7 +13829,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -13857,7 +13840,7 @@ msgstr "" "Opendesks nettsted:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" @@ -13866,7 +13849,7 @@ msgstr "" "betaler de:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -13877,7 +13860,7 @@ msgstr "" "monteringskostnader)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" @@ -13886,7 +13869,7 @@ msgstr "" "hver gang designet deres brukes)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -13897,7 +13880,7 @@ msgstr "" "markedsplassen vår)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -13910,7 +13893,7 @@ msgstr "" "og markedsføringsavgifter for den kanalen det gjelder)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" @@ -13920,7 +13903,7 @@ msgstr "" "leveringen)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -13933,12 +13916,12 @@ msgstr "" "skreddersydde designvalg)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -13947,12 +13930,12 @@ msgstr "" "er)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "De går så i detalj om hvordan produsentens tilbud settes sammen:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -13973,7 +13956,7 @@ msgstr "" "og er vanligvis fordelt som følger:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" @@ -13983,28 +13966,28 @@ msgstr "" "montering på stedet)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "designavgift: 8 prosent av produksjonskostnadene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "plattformavgift: 12 prosent av produksjonskostnadene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "kanalavgift: 18 prosent av produksjonskostnadene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" "merverdiavgift (mva.): gjeldende (avhenger av produkt og hvor salget skjer)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -14015,7 +13998,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer generøs, og gir en høyere verdi til designeren." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -14030,7 +14013,7 @@ msgstr "" "En stor andel av hans virksomhet kommer fra Opendesk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -14048,7 +14031,7 @@ msgstr "" "funksjonelle produkter ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -14064,7 +14047,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -14079,12 +14062,12 @@ msgstr "" "varer fra en butikk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " @@ -14112,7 +14095,7 @@ msgstr "" "ideer og diskutere prinsipper og forretningspraksis de ønsker å se brukt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -14127,7 +14110,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution-NonCommercial lisensen (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" @@ -14136,22 +14119,22 @@ msgstr "" "kommersiell og ikke-kommersiell bruk. Deres hjemmeside fastslår:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "Det er en utvetydig kommersiell bruk når noen:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "krever en avgift eller får en fortjeneste når man lager en Opendesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "selger (eller baserer en kommersiell tjeneste på) en Opendesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -14162,7 +14145,7 @@ msgstr "" "kompensasjon. For eksempel kvalifiserer disse som ikke-kommersielle:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" @@ -14171,7 +14154,7 @@ msgstr "" "og vil personlig kutte til og lage noen få møbler selv" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" @@ -14180,7 +14163,7 @@ msgstr "" "eller opplæring (og har ikke tenkt å selge de som blir laget)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" @@ -14189,7 +14172,7 @@ msgstr "" "digitale verktøyrom, eller i åpne brukerrom" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -14211,7 +14194,7 @@ msgstr "" "rettigheter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -14226,7 +14209,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjennom Opendesk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -14238,12 +14221,12 @@ msgstr "" "stoler de på folk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "OpenStax" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -14254,12 +14237,12 @@ msgstr "" "Placement-kurs. Grunnlagt i 2012 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" @@ -14269,13 +14252,13 @@ msgstr "" "fysiske kopier (læreboksalg)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 16. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" @@ -14283,7 +14266,7 @@ msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\"> Intervjuet</emphasis>: David Harris, sjefsredaktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -14306,7 +14289,7 @@ msgstr "" "når som helst – gratis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -14327,7 +14310,7 @@ msgstr "" "enkelt kalt OpenStax." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -14350,7 +14333,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilpasninger av fakulteter og studenter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" @@ -14359,7 +14342,7 @@ msgstr "" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -14380,7 +14363,7 @@ msgstr "" "Alt uten at noen sto for salget!" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -14398,7 +14381,7 @@ msgstr "" "de blir brukt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -14414,7 +14397,7 @@ msgstr "" "behov." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -14428,12 +14411,12 @@ msgstr "" "videre ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -14448,7 +14431,7 @@ msgstr "" "lærebøker.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -14461,7 +14444,7 @@ msgstr "" "stoler på et omfattende nettverk av samarbeidspartnere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -14481,7 +14464,7 @@ msgstr "" "trolig fortsatt komme til å kreve filantropisk investering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -14501,7 +14484,7 @@ msgstr "" "studenter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -14520,7 +14503,7 @@ msgstr "" "Introduction to Sociology 2e, der disse midlene er brukt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -14542,7 +14525,7 @@ msgstr "" "er der ute med sitt materiale som et utstillingsvindu." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -14556,7 +14539,7 @@ msgstr "" "David ser frem til å dele disse funnene med fellesskapet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -14576,7 +14559,7 @@ msgstr "" "finansiere den løpende driften." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -14600,7 +14583,7 @@ msgstr "" "tydeligvis selger ut nesten hundre prosent." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -14616,7 +14599,7 @@ msgstr "" "vanskelig å kunne vise at investeringen betaler seg i løpet av rimelig tid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -14639,7 +14622,7 @@ msgstr "" "bok fra bunnen av, et godt eksempel er deres biologibok." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -14672,7 +14655,7 @@ msgstr "" "prosessen er svært tidkrevende." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -14692,7 +14675,7 @@ msgstr "" "er forhåndsbetalt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -14710,7 +14693,7 @@ msgstr "" "friksjonsfri remiksing gir CC BY lærere kontroll og akademisk frihet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -14729,7 +14712,7 @@ msgstr "" "utnytter ineffektiviteten i det tradisjonelle markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" @@ -14739,27 +14722,27 @@ msgstr "" "presseinformasjonen:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "Bøker publisert: 23" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "Studenter som har brukt OpenStax: 1,6 millioner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "Penger spart for studenter: 155 millioner dollar" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "Penger spart for studenter i studieåret 2016/17: 77 millioner dollar" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -14772,7 +14755,7 @@ msgstr "" "universiteter utenfor USA)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -14786,7 +14769,7 @@ msgstr "" "internasjonal interesse." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -14801,7 +14784,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjennom hele pensumet, for eksempel for en sykepleierutdanning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -14823,22 +14806,22 @@ msgstr "" "en utdanning å kunne få den." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "Amanda Palmer" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "Amanda Palmer er en musiker, kunstner og skribent. Basert i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -14849,13 +14832,13 @@ msgstr "" "(abonnementsbasert), betaling for fysiske kopier, varesalg" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 15. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -14866,7 +14849,7 @@ msgstr "" "swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -14879,7 +14862,7 @@ msgstr "" "id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -14893,7 +14876,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " @@ -14919,7 +14902,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress " @@ -14959,7 +14942,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nok så jeg kunne fortsette å lage kunst.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her " @@ -14990,7 +14973,7 @@ msgstr "" "Amanda og Dresden Dolls var ment å skulle gjøre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " @@ -15024,7 +15007,7 @@ msgstr "" "prosjektene gjennom tidene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " @@ -15056,7 +15039,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike-lisens (CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " @@ -15104,7 +15087,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjort hele tiden. De ikke-kommersielle lisensene var en naturlig tilpasning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The " @@ -15128,7 +15111,7 @@ msgstr "" "startet med dette fordi jeg ønsket å dele musikkgleden</quote>, sier hun." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " @@ -15155,7 +15138,7 @@ msgstr "" "på kjøkkenet mitt</quote>, skrev Amanda i <quote>The Art of Asking</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek " @@ -15189,7 +15172,7 @@ msgstr "" "selv</quote>, skrev Amanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -15208,7 +15191,7 @@ msgstr "" "etter en forestilling, kan de helt riktig føle at de kjenner henne." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable " @@ -15233,7 +15216,7 @@ msgstr "" "det.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -15252,7 +15235,7 @@ msgstr "" "vennene dine – du deler." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -15271,7 +15254,7 @@ msgstr "" "din suksess." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, " @@ -15296,7 +15279,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>denne rare lille familien</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for " @@ -15324,7 +15307,7 @@ msgstr "" "finne en måte å kanalisere sin energi på som gleder deg.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -15349,7 +15332,7 @@ msgstr "" "styrkes båndet med menneskelige relasjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and " @@ -15377,7 +15360,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjør, virkelig er av verdi for dem.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -15396,12 +15379,12 @@ msgstr "" "lar hun dem gjøre det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "PLOS (Public Library of Science - Offentlig vitenskapsbibliotek)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -15412,12 +15395,12 @@ msgstr "" "Grunnlagt i år 2000 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" @@ -15426,18 +15409,18 @@ msgstr "" "betaler en artikkelprosessavgift for å bli publisert i tidsskiftet" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 7. mars 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Louise Page, utgiver" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -15464,7 +15447,7 @@ msgstr "" "forskningsartikler utgitt med Attribution (CC BY)-lisenser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -15487,7 +15470,7 @@ msgstr "" "eller artikkelen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -15511,7 +15494,7 @@ msgstr "" "modell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -15534,7 +15517,7 @@ msgstr "" "publisering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -15558,7 +15541,7 @@ msgstr "" "tegninger, tall eller andre elementer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -15577,7 +15560,7 @@ msgstr "" "startet i 2006, er like under 1500 dollar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -15589,7 +15572,7 @@ msgstr "" "artikkelbehandling." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -15621,7 +15604,7 @@ msgstr "" "for publisering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -15638,7 +15621,7 @@ msgstr "" "publisert og spredd." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -15649,7 +15632,7 @@ msgstr "" "offentlig kildebrønn, og gi en erklæring om datatilgjengelighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -15668,7 +15651,7 @@ msgstr "" "publisere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -15681,7 +15664,7 @@ msgstr "" "journaler rangerer høyt, selv om de er relativt nye." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -15699,7 +15682,7 @@ msgstr "" "forfattere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -15715,7 +15698,7 @@ msgstr "" "noen andre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -15758,7 +15741,7 @@ msgstr "" "tverrfaglige fora for å publisere all solid vitenskap." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -15769,7 +15752,7 @@ msgstr "" "som en slags skyvekontroll som kan justeres for å endre gjeldende praksis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -15783,7 +15766,7 @@ msgstr "" "uunngåelig ta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -15807,7 +15790,7 @@ msgstr "" "utgiver og forfatter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -15820,7 +15803,7 @@ msgstr "" "mye av forskningshjulet som blir gjenoppfunnet rundt om i verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -15852,7 +15835,7 @@ msgstr "" "utfordring er at forskerne ikke har mye tid til å kommentere dokumentutkast." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -15872,17 +15855,17 @@ msgstr "" "endringer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -15910,7 +15893,7 @@ msgstr "" "å kommunisere med forfattere på." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -15929,7 +15912,7 @@ msgstr "" "sammen med forfattere og lesere som er åpne for eksperimentering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -15948,7 +15931,7 @@ msgstr "" "kvalitetsartikler kan leses gratis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -15958,12 +15941,12 @@ msgstr "" "overskuelig, tilgjengelig og reproduserbar, til fremme av vitenskap." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "Rijksmuseum" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" @@ -15972,12 +15955,12 @@ msgstr "" "Grunnlagt i 1800 i Nederland" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -15987,13 +15970,13 @@ msgstr "" "finansiering, betaling for personlig versjon (museumsadgang), og varesalg" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 11. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" @@ -16002,7 +15985,7 @@ msgstr "" "innsamlingsinformasjonen" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -16030,7 +16013,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer åpen modell for museet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -16056,7 +16039,7 @@ msgstr "" "kortkatalog som database over hele samlingen på nettet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -16073,12 +16056,12 @@ msgstr "" "slutt til at: Hvorfor ikke legge hele samlingen ut på nettet?" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -16104,7 +16087,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer diskusjon om hvorvidt Rijksmuseum skal følge etter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -16128,7 +16111,7 @@ msgstr "" "begrenset tilgang var skolebarn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -16154,7 +16137,7 @@ msgstr "" "hadde mange heftige debatter om hva de skulle gjøre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -16175,7 +16158,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin tilgjengelig, med det mål å få hele samlingen på nettet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -16203,7 +16186,7 @@ msgstr "" "museet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -16219,7 +16202,7 @@ msgstr "" "inntekter på, blant annet for Rijksmuseum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -16244,12 +16227,12 @@ msgstr "" "museets synlighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -16267,7 +16250,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -16288,7 +16271,7 @@ msgstr "" "private eller til og med kommersielle formål." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -16301,7 +16284,7 @@ msgstr "" "for bruk ved skoleeksamen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -16322,7 +16305,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilgjengelig for publikum, men innenfor de grensene kunstnerne har angitt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" @@ -16331,7 +16314,7 @@ msgstr "" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -16355,7 +16338,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -16368,7 +16351,7 @@ msgstr "" "award-2015\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" @@ -16377,7 +16360,7 @@ msgstr "" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -16408,7 +16391,7 @@ msgstr "" "Rijksstudio-prisen startet i September 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -16419,7 +16402,7 @@ msgstr "" "sosiale elementer der brukere kan samarbeide mer med hverandre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -16435,7 +16418,7 @@ msgstr "" "trettifemtusen pr. måned til trehundretusen besøk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -16459,7 +16442,7 @@ msgstr "" "samfunnet på det tidspunktet maleriet ble laget." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -16494,23 +16477,23 @@ msgstr "" "Gavmildhet gjør at folk gjerne blir med og hjelper til.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "Shareable" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "Shareable er en nettmagasin om deling. Etablert i 2009 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" @@ -16519,13 +16502,13 @@ msgstr "" "folkefinansiering (prosjektbasert), donasjoner, sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 24. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" @@ -16534,7 +16517,7 @@ msgstr "" "og administrerende redaktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -16556,7 +16539,7 @@ msgstr "" "prinsippet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -16579,7 +16562,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>Borgkollektivet</quote> </quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -16596,7 +16579,7 @@ msgstr "" "igjennom den kritikken som Airbnb og Uber møter nå</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -16617,7 +16600,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortsatte med øke sitt nedslagsfelt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -16639,7 +16622,7 @@ msgstr "" "isolasjon og global oppvarming." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -16660,7 +16643,7 @@ msgstr "" "til å gjøre endringer i sine egne liv og samfunn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -16687,7 +16670,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettverket er lisensiert med Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -16701,19 +16684,20 @@ msgid "" "media properties, but most of the outlets who republish our work have much " "bigger audiences than we do.</quote>" msgstr "" -"Alt originalt innhold i Shareable er publisert med navngivingslisens (CC BY)" -", som betyr at det kan brukes til alle formål så fremt det henvises til " +"Alt originalt innhold i Shareable er publisert med navngivingslisens (CC " +"BY), som betyr at det kan brukes til alle formål så fremt det henvises til " "Shareable. Creative Commons-lisensiering er knyttet til Shareables visjon, " "misjon og identitet. Det alene forklarer organisasjonens tilslutning til " "lisensene for sitt innhold, men Neal mener CC-lisensiering hjelper dem å øke " -"sin rekkevidde. <quote>Ved å bruke CC-lisensiering</quote>, sa han, <quote>" -"skjønte vi at vi kan nå langt flere mennesker gjennom et formelt og uformelt " -"nettverk av republiserere eller forbindelser. Det har definitivt vært " -"tilfelle. Det er vanskelig for oss å måle rekkevidden for andre medier, men " -"de fleste som publiserer våre verk har mye større publikum enn oss</quote>." +"sin rekkevidde. <quote>Ved å bruke CC-lisensiering</quote>, sa han, " +"<quote>skjønte vi at vi kan nå langt flere mennesker gjennom et formelt og " +"uformelt nettverk av republiserere eller forbindelser. Det har definitivt " +"vært tilfelle. Det er vanskelig for oss å måle rekkevidden for andre medier, " +"men de fleste som publiserer våre verk har mye større publikum enn oss</" +"quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -16732,7 +16716,7 @@ msgstr "" "produsentene av trafikk på hjemmesiden deres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -16745,7 +16729,7 @@ msgstr "" "Shareable planlegger å tilby boken i kommende pengeinnsamlingskampanjer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -16764,7 +16748,7 @@ msgstr "" "samfunnet, vil bedre representere deres visjon av verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -16788,7 +16772,7 @@ msgstr "" "komforten i hjemmet</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -16807,7 +16791,7 @@ msgstr "" "støttespillere var folk i deres eksisterende base." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -16821,7 +16805,7 @@ msgstr "" "relasjoner mellom sine lesere og tilhengere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -16853,7 +16837,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjennomføre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -16866,12 +16850,12 @@ msgstr "" "ta ideer og tilpasse dem til sine egne lokalsamfunn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "Siyavula" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -16881,12 +16865,12 @@ msgstr "" "lærebøker og integrerte læringsopplevelser. Grunnlagt i 2012 i Sør-Afrika." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" @@ -16895,19 +16879,19 @@ msgstr "" "tjenester, sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 5. april 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Mark Horner, " "administrerende direktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -16922,7 +16906,7 @@ msgstr "" "til tolvte klasse i Sør-Afrika." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -16935,7 +16919,7 @@ msgstr "" "overleve og vokse. Mark sier det hele har vært veldig organisk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -16951,12 +16935,12 @@ msgstr "" "tilgjengelig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -16975,7 +16959,7 @@ msgstr "" "klasse." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -16990,7 +16974,7 @@ msgstr "" "Shuttleworth. Mark er utrolig stolt av å ha oppnådd dette." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -17003,12 +16987,12 @@ msgstr "" "men ikke mange nok til å møte behovet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -17027,7 +17011,7 @@ msgstr "" "engelsk. Det prosjektet ble til Siyavula." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -17042,7 +17026,7 @@ msgstr "" "seks opprinnelige bøkene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -17069,12 +17053,12 @@ msgstr "" "trygge å dele, og fri fra juridiske tilbakeslag." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -17093,7 +17077,7 @@ msgstr "" "komplisert, og lærebøker ble sjelden redigert." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -17106,7 +17090,7 @@ msgstr "" "som en uavhengig enhet, og tok eierskap over det som medlem av Shuttleworth." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -17123,7 +17107,7 @@ msgstr "" "virkelig rullet ut." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -17140,7 +17124,7 @@ msgstr "" "dette som en stor mulighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -17157,7 +17141,7 @@ msgstr "" "til dem fra alle enheter – datamaskin, nettbrett eller mobiltelefon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -17181,7 +17165,7 @@ msgstr "" "den i de åpne lærebøkene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -17194,7 +17178,7 @@ msgstr "" "mest bemidlede delen av markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -17211,7 +17195,7 @@ msgstr "" "utilsiktet for lavinntektselever." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -17230,7 +17214,7 @@ msgstr "" "de betjente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -17247,7 +17231,7 @@ msgstr "" "er, hva prisen er, og hva som er barrierene for bruk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -17260,7 +17244,7 @@ msgstr "" "til å bli en betalende kunde." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -17278,7 +17262,7 @@ msgstr "" "uten å legge til noen verdi av det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -17299,7 +17283,7 @@ msgstr "" "naturfag- og matematikkavdelingene abonnerer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -17316,7 +17300,7 @@ msgstr "" "ytelsen deres blir bedret." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -17331,12 +17315,12 @@ msgstr "" "for klassen 4 til 6 og senere for klasse 7 til 9." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -17351,7 +17335,7 @@ msgstr "" "har med lærerens veiledninger og andre ressurser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -17370,7 +17354,7 @@ msgstr "" "deres være synlig på bøker distribuert til over en million elever." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -17386,7 +17370,7 @@ msgstr "" "slik at andre kan modifisere og redistribuere bøkene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -17407,7 +17391,7 @@ msgstr "" "regjeringen nei." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -17426,7 +17410,7 @@ msgstr "" "ettersom det tillot dem å forbli uavhengige av regjeringen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -17441,7 +17425,7 @@ msgstr "" "Siyavulas ville bli valgt. Dette skremte bort mulige sponsorer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -17461,7 +17445,7 @@ msgstr "" "hans ektefelle), og fortsetter å være den modellen Siyavula bruker i dag." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -17474,7 +17458,7 @@ msgstr "" "seg å være svært omstridt, og svever i uvisshet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -17490,7 +17474,7 @@ msgstr "" "Practice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -17516,12 +17500,12 @@ msgstr "" "runder noen ganger, men både han og selskapet er blitt sterkere av det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "SparkFun" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -17530,12 +17514,12 @@ msgstr "" "åpen maskinvare. Grunnlagt i 2003 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" @@ -17544,20 +17528,20 @@ msgstr "" "kopier (elektroniske salg)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 29. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -17572,7 +17556,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre. Hans reaksjon var fryd." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -17585,7 +17569,7 @@ msgstr "" "hvordan vi påvirket verden</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -17602,7 +17586,7 @@ msgstr "" "egenhånd. Å bli kopiert er en del av designet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -17621,7 +17605,7 @@ msgstr "" "åndsverk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -17634,7 +17618,7 @@ msgstr "" "bort det sikkerhetsnettet</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -17653,7 +17637,7 @@ msgstr "" "smertefullt for oss, kommer det kundene til gode</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -17672,7 +17656,7 @@ msgstr "" "det de bør konkurrere om</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -17693,7 +17677,7 @@ msgstr "" "uteksaminert, begynte han å lage og selge sine egne produkter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -17711,7 +17695,7 @@ msgstr "" "produktene sine." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -17728,7 +17712,7 @@ msgstr "" "av brett for videresalg under Arduinos merke." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -17744,7 +17728,7 @@ msgstr "" "kjernevirksomheten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -17756,7 +17740,7 @@ msgstr "" "til tre hundre og femti tusen videregående elever i 2020</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -17771,13 +17755,13 @@ msgstr "" "sentralt i dette oppdraget. Lisensen signaliserer ikke bare en vilje til å " "dele, men det uttrykker også et ønske om at andre skal gå inn og fikle med " "produktene deres, både for å lære, og å forbedre produktene deres. SparkFun " -"bruker Attribution-ShareAlike-lisens (CC BY-SA), som er en " -"<quote>copyleft</quote>-lisens som tillater folk å gjøre hva som helst med " -"innholdet, så lenge de navngir opphavet, og gjør eventuelle tilpasninger " -"tilgjengelige under de samme lisensvilkårene." +"bruker Attribution-ShareAlike-lisens (CC BY-SA), som er en <quote>copyleft</" +"quote>-lisens som tillater folk å gjøre hva som helst med innholdet, så " +"lenge de navngir opphavet, og gjør eventuelle tilpasninger tilgjengelige " +"under de samme lisensvilkårene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -17796,7 +17780,7 @@ msgstr "" "publikum til en konkurranse en gang i året." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -17823,7 +17807,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer meningsfylt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -17842,7 +17826,7 @@ msgstr "" "de ikke bare fokuserer på bunnlinjen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -17857,7 +17841,7 @@ msgstr "" "til nettområdet deres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -17879,7 +17863,7 @@ msgstr "" "og vi vil finne en løsning som tar av den.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -17900,7 +17884,7 @@ msgstr "" "virkeligheten ikke riktig.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -17919,7 +17903,7 @@ msgstr "" "quote>, sier Nathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -17944,12 +17928,12 @@ msgstr "" "ord, det gjør dem til et slikt selskapet de har satt seg fore å være." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "TeachAIDS" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -17959,22 +17943,22 @@ msgstr "" "folk over hele verden om HIV og AIDS. Grunnlagt i 2005 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 24. mars 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" @@ -17983,7 +17967,7 @@ msgstr "" "administrerende direktør, og Shuman Ghosemajumder, styret" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -17996,7 +17980,7 @@ msgstr "" "distribuerer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -18020,7 +18004,7 @@ msgstr "" "innhold er gratis og gjort tilgjengelig under en Creative Commons-lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -18057,7 +18041,7 @@ msgstr "" "av informasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -18080,7 +18064,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilpasset utdanning</quote>, sa Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -18091,7 +18075,7 @@ msgstr "" "også å bruke Creative Commons-lisenser på materialet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -18116,11 +18100,11 @@ msgstr "" "medstifter og styreleder Shuman Ghosemajumder. <quote>Det krevde lite " "tenking å gå for en CC-lisens fordi det fantes en ferdiglaget løsning på " "akkurat dette problemet. Det har tillatt oss å skalere opp våre materialer " -"raskt , sikkert og globalt og samtidig bevare innholdet vårt og beskytte " -"oss.</quote>" +"raskt , sikkert og globalt og samtidig bevare innholdet vårt og beskytte oss." +"</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -18133,11 +18117,11 @@ msgstr "" "fremvekst ut fra den forsiktige presisjonen som TeachAIDS behandler sitt " "innhold med. Organisasjonen investerer tungt i forskning og testing for å " "bestemme den beste metoden for å formidle informasjon. <quote>Å lage innhold " -"med høy kvalitet er det som betyr mest for oss</quote>, sa Piya. <quote>" -"Forskning styrer alt vi gjør.</quote>" +"med høy kvalitet er det som betyr mest for oss</quote>, sa Piya. " +"<quote>Forskning styrer alt vi gjør.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -18154,7 +18138,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilpassede versjon av materialet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -18181,7 +18165,7 @@ msgstr "" "informasjon fra noen av det samme kjønn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -18210,7 +18194,7 @@ msgstr "" "denne syklusen elleve ganger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -18246,7 +18230,7 @@ msgstr "" "avspilleren</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -18272,7 +18256,7 @@ msgstr "" "gratis.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -18292,7 +18276,7 @@ msgstr "" "det pedagogiske innholdet. Alt innhold er fortsatt merket som TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -18307,11 +18291,11 @@ msgstr "" "donasjoner til TeachAIDS. Dette gir TeachAIDS mer stabilitet, men enda " "viktigere, det gjør det mulig å subsidiere prosjekter tilpasset områder der " "det ikke finnes sponsorer. <quote>Hvis vi bare opprettet versjoner basert " -"på hvor vi kunne få sponsing, ville vi bare hatt materiale for rikere " -"land</quote>, sa Shuman." +"på hvor vi kunne få sponsing, ville vi bare hatt materiale for rikere land</" +"quote>, sa Shuman." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -18336,7 +18320,7 @@ msgstr "" "sponsorinvestering kan gi fordeler for et merke i mange år framover." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -18353,7 +18337,7 @@ msgstr "" "initiativene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -18370,12 +18354,12 @@ msgstr "" "forutsetningene for TeachAIDS</quote>, fortalte Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "Tribe of Noise" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -18386,18 +18370,18 @@ msgstr "" "Nederland." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 26. januar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" @@ -18406,7 +18390,7 @@ msgstr "" "medgrunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -18423,7 +18407,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisensiering, inkludert bruk av fri programvare og Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -18441,7 +18425,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisensiere musikk direkte fra en rettighetshaver lett tilgjengelig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -18460,7 +18444,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sandra tidlig i 2008 å bygge en plattform." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -18475,7 +18459,7 @@ msgstr "" "musikk krever et tillitsforhold." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -18490,12 +18474,12 @@ msgstr "" "problemene de to personlig hadde erfart for å finne denne musikken." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -18516,7 +18500,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -18553,7 +18537,7 @@ msgstr "" "sak hver eneste dag</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -18578,7 +18562,7 @@ msgstr "" "Skandinavia, Belgia, og USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -18593,12 +18577,12 @@ msgstr "" "betydelig bedre avtale. Her viser de et eksempel på sin hjemmeside:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -18620,7 +18604,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -18639,7 +18623,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisensen utelukke dem fra å bli rik fra salg av den sangen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -18661,7 +18645,7 @@ msgstr "" "avtale." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -18677,7 +18661,7 @@ msgstr "" "avtale." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -18690,7 +18674,7 @@ msgstr "" "musikkrepertoar enn fellesområdet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -18705,7 +18689,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre modeller som Tribe of Noise Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -18726,7 +18710,7 @@ msgstr "" "plattformen, og som virkelig engasjerer seg med dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -18744,7 +18728,7 @@ msgstr "" "lage en sang for å møte det behovet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -18767,7 +18751,7 @@ msgstr "" "under CC BY-SA, og velger andre opphavsrettsselskaper som ASCAP eller BMI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -18798,7 +18782,7 @@ msgstr "" "stand til å gjøre alt dette arbeidet uten rettstvister." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -18819,12 +18803,12 @@ msgstr "" "for musikk, en modell basert på tillit." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "Wikimedia-stiftelsen" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -18833,23 +18817,23 @@ msgstr "" "søsterprosjekter. Grunnlagt i 2003 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Donasjoner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 18. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" @@ -18858,12 +18842,12 @@ msgstr "" "for Community Engagement, og Stephen LaPorte, advokat" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "Nesten hver person som er på nettet vet om Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -18878,7 +18862,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilpasse det til hvilket som helst formål." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -18888,7 +18872,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettleksikonet, ifølge, selvfølgelig, Wikipedia-artikkelen om Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -18915,7 +18899,7 @@ msgstr "" "tusen som ikke er koblet til en bestemt organisasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -18929,7 +18913,7 @@ msgstr "" "menneskelig samarbeid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -18946,7 +18930,7 @@ msgstr "" "omfang." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -18969,7 +18953,7 @@ msgstr "" "redigeringer utføres hver time." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -19012,7 +18996,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettsteder." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -19041,7 +19025,7 @@ msgstr "" "Mesteparten av tiden ønsker folk å gjøre det som er riktig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -19064,7 +19048,7 @@ msgstr "" "best for alle</quote>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" @@ -19073,7 +19057,7 @@ msgstr "" "mistakes/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -19109,7 +19093,7 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>De er alle bidragsytere.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -19127,7 +19111,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer enn 77 millioner dollar fra mer enn fem millioner givere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -19146,7 +19130,7 @@ msgstr "" "verdi, så gi tilbake. Hver liten del hjelper. Med nok øyne har de rett." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -19164,7 +19148,7 @@ msgstr "" "er grunnleggende for alt fondet gjør." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -19177,7 +19161,7 @@ msgstr "" "fellesskapet deres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -19191,7 +19175,7 @@ msgstr "" "oss." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -19206,12 +19190,12 @@ msgstr "" "offentlig område.</quote>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "Bibliografi" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -19222,7 +19206,7 @@ msgstr "" "from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." @@ -19231,12 +19215,12 @@ msgstr "" "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." @@ -19245,7 +19229,7 @@ msgstr "" "Decisions. Oppdatert utgave. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." @@ -19254,7 +19238,7 @@ msgstr "" "Media, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -19267,7 +19251,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -19278,7 +19262,7 @@ msgstr "" "WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -19291,7 +19275,7 @@ msgstr "" "transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -19300,7 +19284,7 @@ msgstr "" "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -19319,7 +19303,7 @@ msgstr "" "democratic-money-and-capital-commons\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." @@ -19328,7 +19312,7 @@ msgstr "" "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." @@ -19337,7 +19321,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." @@ -19346,7 +19330,7 @@ msgstr "" "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." @@ -19355,7 +19339,7 @@ msgstr "" "BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." @@ -19364,7 +19348,7 @@ msgstr "" "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." @@ -19373,7 +19357,7 @@ msgstr "" "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." @@ -19382,7 +19366,7 @@ msgstr "" "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -19399,7 +19383,7 @@ msgstr "" "regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -19410,7 +19394,7 @@ msgstr "" "Madison, og Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." @@ -19419,7 +19403,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." @@ -19428,7 +19412,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -19441,7 +19425,7 @@ msgstr "" ">." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -19454,7 +19438,7 @@ msgstr "" "Knowledge\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." @@ -19463,7 +19447,7 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Portfolio, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -19474,7 +19458,7 @@ msgstr "" "Knowledge." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -19487,7 +19471,7 @@ msgstr "" "ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." @@ -19496,7 +19480,7 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." @@ -19505,7 +19489,7 @@ msgstr "" "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -19516,7 +19500,7 @@ msgstr "" "Madison, og Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." @@ -19525,7 +19509,7 @@ msgstr "" "med ny epolog. New York: Portfolio, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." @@ -19534,7 +19518,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Viking, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." @@ -19543,7 +19527,7 @@ msgstr "" "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." @@ -19552,7 +19536,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." @@ -19561,7 +19545,7 @@ msgstr "" "Doubleday Canada, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." @@ -19570,7 +19554,7 @@ msgstr "" "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." @@ -19579,7 +19563,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." @@ -19588,7 +19572,7 @@ msgstr "" "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." @@ -19597,7 +19581,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." @@ -19606,7 +19590,7 @@ msgstr "" "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." @@ -19615,7 +19599,7 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Workman, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." @@ -19624,7 +19608,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Morgan James, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -19635,7 +19619,7 @@ msgstr "" "news/technology-35709680\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." @@ -19644,7 +19628,7 @@ msgstr "" "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -19653,7 +19637,7 @@ msgstr "" "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." @@ -19662,7 +19646,7 @@ msgstr "" "and Giroux, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -19673,7 +19657,7 @@ msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -19684,7 +19668,7 @@ msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -19697,7 +19681,7 @@ msgstr "" "strategyzer.com/books/value-proposition-design\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." @@ -19706,7 +19690,7 @@ msgstr "" "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -19721,7 +19705,7 @@ msgstr "" "(lisensiert med CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -19734,7 +19718,7 @@ msgstr "" "med CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -19747,7 +19731,7 @@ msgstr "" "url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -19758,7 +19742,7 @@ msgstr "" "Business, 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -19769,14 +19753,14 @@ msgstr "" "Macmillan, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." @@ -19785,7 +19769,7 @@ msgstr "" "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." @@ -19794,7 +19778,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." @@ -19803,7 +19787,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." @@ -19812,7 +19796,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." @@ -19821,7 +19805,7 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." @@ -19830,7 +19814,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ikigai Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." @@ -19839,7 +19823,7 @@ msgstr "" "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." @@ -19848,12 +19832,12 @@ msgstr "" "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -19864,7 +19848,7 @@ msgstr "" "Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." @@ -19873,7 +19857,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." @@ -19882,7 +19866,7 @@ msgstr "" "University of Chicago Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -19897,7 +19881,7 @@ msgstr "" "opendesignnow.org\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -19908,7 +19892,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -19919,7 +19903,7 @@ msgstr "" "NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." @@ -19928,12 +19912,12 @@ msgstr "" "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "Takk til" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -19947,7 +19931,7 @@ msgstr "" "for startstøtten som fikk oss i gang med prosjektet." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9769 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -19958,7 +19942,7 @@ msgstr "" "inspirasjonen." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9774 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -19974,7 +19958,7 @@ msgstr "" "det de har gjort." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -19987,7 +19971,7 @@ msgstr "" "uvurderlige tilbakemeldinger. Ektefølt takk til dere alle." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9788 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -20080,7 +20064,7 @@ msgstr "" "Yancey Strickler." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9839 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -20746,6 +20730,24 @@ msgstr "" "Deruisseau, Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan " "og ZeMarmot Open Movie." +#, fuzzy +#~| msgid "" +#~| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " +#~| "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to " +#~| "get the “network effect”— users dramatically increasing value for " +#~| "themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons " +#~| "is core to making the network effect possible." +#~ msgid "" +#~ "users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " +#~ "use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network " +#~ "effect possible." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Lillian ser Figure.NZs modell i lys av å ha et globalt potensiale. " +#~ "Uansett er deres fokus nå fullt ut utførelsen av Figure.NZs arbeid i New " +#~ "Zealand, og realiseringen av <quote>nettverkseffekten</quote> – at " +#~ "brukere dramatisk øker egen og andres nytteverdi ved bruk av tjenesten. " +#~ "Creative Commons er kjernen som gjør denne nettverkseffekten mulig." + #, fuzzy #~| msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" #~ msgid "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>." diff --git a/po/nl/mwcc.po b/po/nl/mwcc.po index d260039..4345b44 100644 --- a/po/nl/mwcc.po +++ b/po/nl/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-10 15:19+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-17 22:56+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-02-04 21:35+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Nathan Follens <nathan@email.is>\n" "Language-Team: Dutch <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/" @@ -4490,16 +4490,16 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4201 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4637 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5164 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5474 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5987 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6241 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6563 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6915 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7459 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7743 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8213 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8992 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" @@ -4818,12 +4818,12 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3783 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3979 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4400 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5776 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7227 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8011 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8539 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8761 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" @@ -6755,24 +6755,18 @@ msgstr "" msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " -"the <quote>network effect</quote>—" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138 -msgid "" -"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " -"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect " -"possible." +"the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing value for " +"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is " +"core to making the network effect possible." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6780,30 +6774,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6820,7 +6814,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6829,7 +6823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6838,7 +6832,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6856,7 +6850,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6867,7 +6861,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6878,7 +6872,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6888,7 +6882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6901,35 +6895,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6938,7 +6932,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6946,12 +6940,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6960,7 +6954,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6972,14 +6966,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6993,7 +6987,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -7006,7 +7000,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -7022,7 +7016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -7030,7 +7024,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -7042,7 +7036,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -7050,7 +7044,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -7058,7 +7052,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -7070,13 +7064,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -7089,7 +7083,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -7101,7 +7095,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7111,7 +7105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7125,14 +7119,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7145,7 +7139,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7158,48 +7152,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7223,7 +7217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7235,7 +7229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7246,7 +7240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7256,7 +7250,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7271,33 +7265,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7307,7 +7301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7317,7 +7311,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7326,7 +7320,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7337,7 +7331,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7355,7 +7349,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7368,7 +7362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7381,7 +7375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7391,7 +7385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7404,7 +7398,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7414,7 +7408,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7428,7 +7422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7440,7 +7434,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7452,7 +7446,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7463,7 +7457,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7476,7 +7470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7487,7 +7481,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7496,7 +7490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7509,7 +7503,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7521,26 +7515,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7548,12 +7542,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7567,7 +7561,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7580,7 +7574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7589,7 +7583,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7601,7 +7595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7618,7 +7612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7629,7 +7623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7640,7 +7634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7651,7 +7645,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7663,7 +7657,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7673,7 +7667,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7685,7 +7679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7699,7 +7693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7716,7 +7710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7725,7 +7719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7739,7 +7733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7750,7 +7744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7760,7 +7754,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7770,7 +7764,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7778,12 +7772,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7791,30 +7785,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7822,7 +7816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7833,7 +7827,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7843,7 +7837,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7853,14 +7847,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7872,7 +7866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7882,7 +7876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7893,7 +7887,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7902,7 +7896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7917,7 +7911,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7930,7 +7924,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7940,7 +7934,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7956,7 +7950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7971,7 +7965,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7979,7 +7973,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7992,14 +7986,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -8008,7 +8002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -8017,7 +8011,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -8032,7 +8026,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -8042,7 +8036,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -8051,7 +8045,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -8062,7 +8056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -8071,7 +8065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -8083,7 +8077,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -8092,7 +8086,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -8104,7 +8098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8116,12 +8110,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8129,31 +8123,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8165,7 +8159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8179,7 +8173,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8189,38 +8183,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8231,7 +8225,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8241,7 +8235,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8251,7 +8245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8261,19 +8255,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8288,7 +8282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8303,7 +8297,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8314,7 +8308,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8324,7 +8318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8335,13 +8329,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8349,7 +8343,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8359,7 +8353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8368,7 +8362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8379,7 +8373,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8392,14 +8386,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8407,7 +8401,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8418,12 +8412,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8434,7 +8428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8443,7 +8437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8452,7 +8446,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8471,7 +8465,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8479,7 +8473,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8488,46 +8482,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8535,32 +8529,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6553 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8569,7 +8563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8587,7 +8581,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8596,7 +8590,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8609,7 +8603,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8619,7 +8613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8627,7 +8621,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8637,12 +8631,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8651,7 +8645,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8660,7 +8654,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8672,12 +8666,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8690,7 +8684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8698,14 +8692,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8713,14 +8707,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8728,7 +8722,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8737,14 +8731,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8753,24 +8747,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8783,34 +8777,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8818,7 +8812,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8828,7 +8822,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8839,7 +8833,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8849,7 +8843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8859,12 +8853,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8876,7 +8870,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8886,29 +8880,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8916,28 +8910,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8950,7 +8944,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8960,7 +8954,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8968,12 +8962,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -8981,31 +8975,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -9019,7 +9013,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -9032,7 +9026,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -9046,14 +9040,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -9066,7 +9060,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -9077,7 +9071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -9087,7 +9081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -9096,12 +9090,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9111,7 +9105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9120,7 +9114,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9133,7 +9127,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9145,7 +9139,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9157,7 +9151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9170,7 +9164,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9180,7 +9174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9192,7 +9186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9207,7 +9201,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9218,7 +9212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9232,7 +9226,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9251,7 +9245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9263,7 +9257,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9275,7 +9269,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9287,34 +9281,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9323,7 +9317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9332,7 +9326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9342,7 +9336,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9355,22 +9349,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9379,12 +9373,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9392,7 +9386,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9401,7 +9395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9410,7 +9404,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9421,7 +9415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9437,7 +9431,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9450,7 +9444,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9464,7 +9458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9478,7 +9472,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9497,7 +9491,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9507,7 +9501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9519,7 +9513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9533,7 +9527,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9545,7 +9539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9556,7 +9550,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9568,7 +9562,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9580,7 +9574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9591,7 +9585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9603,7 +9597,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9618,7 +9612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9630,7 +9624,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9642,12 +9636,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9655,30 +9649,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9694,7 +9688,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9708,7 +9702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9722,7 +9716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9736,7 +9730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9750,7 +9744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9762,7 +9756,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9770,7 +9764,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9788,7 +9782,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9799,7 +9793,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9807,7 +9801,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9818,7 +9812,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9827,7 +9821,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9838,7 +9832,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9848,7 +9842,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9872,7 +9866,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9880,7 +9874,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9889,7 +9883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9903,7 +9897,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9912,7 +9906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9930,7 +9924,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9942,17 +9936,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9968,7 +9962,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9980,7 +9974,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9992,7 +9986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -10000,24 +9994,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -10025,19 +10019,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -10054,7 +10048,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -10070,7 +10064,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -10081,12 +10075,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -10102,7 +10096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10116,7 +10110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10131,7 +10125,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10144,7 +10138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10160,7 +10154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10171,7 +10165,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10186,12 +10180,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10202,7 +10196,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10215,7 +10209,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10224,7 +10218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10237,14 +10231,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10258,7 +10252,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10267,14 +10261,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10292,7 +10286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10300,7 +10294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10311,7 +10305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10326,7 +10320,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10346,42 +10340,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10394,7 +10388,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10408,7 +10402,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10419,7 +10413,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10432,7 +10426,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10445,7 +10439,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10458,7 +10452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10474,7 +10468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10490,7 +10484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10502,7 +10496,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10511,7 +10505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10523,7 +10517,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10537,7 +10531,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10549,7 +10543,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10559,7 +10553,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10577,7 +10571,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10586,12 +10580,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10599,29 +10593,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10631,7 +10625,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10640,7 +10634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10650,12 +10644,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10667,7 +10661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10677,7 +10671,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10686,12 +10680,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10703,7 +10697,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10713,7 +10707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10729,12 +10723,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10746,7 +10740,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10755,7 +10749,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10766,7 +10760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10777,7 +10771,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10788,7 +10782,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10802,7 +10796,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10811,7 +10805,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10822,7 +10816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10834,7 +10828,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10845,7 +10839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10854,7 +10848,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10865,7 +10859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10878,7 +10872,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10889,7 +10883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10899,12 +10893,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10914,7 +10908,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10926,7 +10920,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10937,7 +10931,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10950,7 +10944,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10962,7 +10956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10972,7 +10966,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10985,7 +10979,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -10994,7 +10988,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -11004,7 +10998,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -11020,42 +11014,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -11065,7 +11059,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -11074,7 +11068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -11085,7 +11079,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -11097,7 +11091,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -11106,7 +11100,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11118,7 +11112,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11130,7 +11124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11143,7 +11137,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11154,7 +11148,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11165,7 +11159,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11175,7 +11169,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11184,7 +11178,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11197,7 +11191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11209,7 +11203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11225,7 +11219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11237,7 +11231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11247,7 +11241,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11261,7 +11255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11274,7 +11268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11286,7 +11280,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11301,12 +11295,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11314,29 +11308,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11345,7 +11339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11360,7 +11354,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11381,7 +11375,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11395,7 +11389,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11403,7 +11397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11420,7 +11414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11431,7 +11425,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11442,7 +11436,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11458,7 +11452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11475,7 +11469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11495,7 +11489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11510,7 +11504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11523,7 +11517,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11535,7 +11529,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11550,7 +11544,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11561,7 +11555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11572,12 +11566,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11585,24 +11579,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11613,7 +11607,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11625,7 +11619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11637,7 +11631,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11647,7 +11641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11657,12 +11651,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11675,7 +11669,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11696,7 +11690,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11711,7 +11705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11721,12 +11715,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11739,7 +11733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11751,7 +11745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11764,7 +11758,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11774,7 +11768,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11783,7 +11777,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11793,7 +11787,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11806,7 +11800,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11817,7 +11811,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11831,7 +11825,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11849,7 +11843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11862,46 +11856,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11911,7 +11905,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -11919,7 +11913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11935,7 +11929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11944,7 +11938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11955,7 +11949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11969,7 +11963,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11992,7 +11986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -12009,7 +12003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -12023,14 +12017,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -12050,7 +12044,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -12062,7 +12056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -12074,7 +12068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -12086,7 +12080,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -12095,7 +12089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -12104,7 +12098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12114,12 +12108,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12127,33 +12121,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12162,7 +12156,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12170,7 +12164,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12179,14 +12173,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12198,56 +12192,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12258,7 +12252,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12266,21 +12260,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12289,7 +12283,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12298,14 +12292,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12313,7 +12307,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12322,21 +12316,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12344,91 +12338,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12436,28 +12430,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12465,7 +12459,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12473,7 +12467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12482,14 +12476,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12499,7 +12493,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12508,7 +12502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12517,7 +12511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12525,7 +12519,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12533,74 +12527,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12608,21 +12602,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12632,7 +12626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12640,7 +12634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12648,19 +12642,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12670,7 +12664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9769 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12678,7 +12672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9774 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12688,7 +12682,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12697,7 +12691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9788 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12746,7 +12740,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9839 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham "