From: Gunnar Wolf Date: Thu, 31 Aug 2017 17:04:30 +0000 (-0500) Subject: Merge branch 'weblate' X-Git-Tag: es-printed~735 X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-madewithcc.git/commitdiff_plain/06361e33a389e93f50573dd4b90aa16710ba0ac6?hp=-c Merge branch 'weblate' --- 06361e33a389e93f50573dd4b90aa16710ba0ac6 diff --combined po/es/mwcc.po index ec6ac4b,fdec2d0..804ed69 --- a/po/es/mwcc.po +++ b/po/es/mwcc.po @@@ -6,11 -6,11 +6,11 @@@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" - "POT-Creation-Date: 2017-08-31 12:00-0500\n" - "PO-Revision-Date: 2017-08-26 02:37+0000\n" - "Last-Translator: Andrés Delgado \n" - "Language-Team: Spanish \n" + "POT-Creation-Date: 2017-08-18 10:28-0500\n" + "PO-Revision-Date: 2017-08-31 16:26+0000\n" + "Last-Translator: Gunnar Wolf \n" + "Language-Team: Spanish " + "\n" "Language: es\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" @@@ -2800,7 -2800,9 +2800,7 @@@ msgstr " " the City for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans.\n" " LabGov (LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons) (Bologna, Italy:\n" " City of Bologna,\n" -" 2014), www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-" -"collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-" -"urban-commons1.pdf.\n" +" 2014), www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf.\n" "27. The Seoul Sharing City website is english.sharehub.kr; for Amsterdam\n" " Sharing City, ir a www.sharenl.nl/amsterdam-sharing-city/.\n" "28. Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New\n" @@@ -2819,20 -2821,26 +2819,20 @@@ " Revolution; Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco:\n" " Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9.\n" "33. Alex Osterwalder y Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation\n" -" (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010). Una vista previa del libro " -"está\n" +" (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010). Una vista previa del libro está\n" " disponible en strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation.\n" "34. Este lienzo de modelo de negocios está disponible para descarga\n" " en strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas.\n" "35. Nosotros hicimos el “Open Business Model Canvas,” diseñado por el\n" " coautor Paul Stacey, disponible en línea\n" -" en " -"docs.google.com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit." -"\n" +" en docs.google.com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit.\n" " También puede encontrar las Open Business Model Canvas\n" " Questions que lo acompañan.\n" -" en " -"docs.google.com/drawings/d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit." -"\n" +" en docs.google.com/drawings/d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit.\n" "36. Una lista más completa de flujos de ingreso están disponibles en este\n" " post que escribí en Medium en Marzo 6, 2016. “What Is an Open Business\n" " Model and How Can You Generate Revenue?”, disponible\n" -" en medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-" -"and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15.\n" +" en medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15.\n" "37. Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating\n" " and Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review\n" " Press, 2006), 31–44.\n" @@@ -4326,8 -4334,7 +4326,8 @@@ msgstr " #. type: Plain text #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1805 msgid "#### Charging your content creators * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" -msgstr "#### Cobrando a los creadores de contenido *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]\\*" +msgstr "" +"#### Cobrando a los creadores de contenido *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]\\*" #. type: Plain text #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1815 @@@ -4447,7 -4454,7 +4447,7 @@@ msgstr " "Incluso si ponemos de lado el financiamiento asegurado, encontramos que el " "entendimiento del mercado en el marco económico tradicional falla para " "capturar completamente las vias por las que las empresas que analizamos han " - "hecho dinero. No era simplemente acerca de monetizar la escasez" + "hecho dinero. No era simplemente acerca de monetizar la escasez." #. type: Plain text #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1864 @@@ -4639,8 -4646,8 +4639,8 @@@ msgid " "with Creative Commons." msgstr "" "Independientemente de como hagan dinero, en nuestras entrevistas, " -"repetidamente escuchamos lenguaje como \"persuadirlos a comprar\" y \"" -"invitarlos a pagar.\" Incluso las escuchamos en conexión con flujos de " +"repetidamente escuchamos lenguaje como \"persuadirlos a comprar\" y " +"\"invitarlos a pagar.\" Incluso las escuchamos en conexión con flujos de " "ganancias que encajan en el mercado. Cory Doctorow nos comentó, \" Tuve que " "convencer a mis lectores de que lo correcto era pagarme.\" Los fundadores de " "la compañía lucrativa Lumen Learning nos mostraron la carta que envían a " @@@ -4835,8 -4842,8 +4835,8 @@@ msgid " "it can’t be a gimmick. You can’t fake being human." msgstr "" "Este consejo es probablemente más importante para los negocios y las " -"organizaciones porque instintivamente los concebimos como no humanos (" -"aunque en los Estados Unidos, las corporaciones son personas!). Cuando las " +"organizaciones porque instintivamente los concebimos como no humanos " +"(aunque en los Estados Unidos, las corporaciones son personas!). Cuando las " "corporaciones y las organizaciones hacen a la gente detras de ellas más " "perceptible, le recuerda a la gente que están tratando con algo más que una " "entidad corporativa anónima. En el lenguaje de los negocios, esto es acerca " @@@ -4870,20 -4877,27 +4870,20 @@@ msgstr " "de estar preparado para defenderlo cuando la gente es crítica.46" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2046 +#, fuzzy msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" -"denominator solutions and" -msgstr "" -"Ser responsable no significa operar bajo concenso. De acuerdo con James " -"Surowiecki, los grupos que operan bajo concenso tienden a utilizar la " -"solución común más básica y" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2047 -msgid "" -"avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that cultivates healthy " -"collaboration.47 Instead, it can be as simple as asking for input and then " -"giving context and explanation about decisions you make, even if soliciting " -"feedback and inviting discourse is time-consuming. If you don’t go through " -"the effort to actually respond to the input you receive, it can be worse " -"than not inviting input in the first place.48 But when you get it right, it " -"can guarantee the type of diversity of thought that helps endeavors excel. " -"And it is another way to get people involved and invested in what you do." +"denominator solutions and avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that " +"cultivates healthy collaboration.47 Instead, it can be as simple as asking " +"for input and then giving context and explanation about decisions you make, " +"even if soliciting feedback and inviting discourse is time-consuming. If you " +"don’t go through the effort to actually respond to the input you receive, it " +"can be worse than not inviting input in the first place.48 But when you get " +"it right, it can guarantee the type of diversity of thought that helps " +"endeavors excel. And it is another way to get people involved and invested " +"in what you do." msgstr "" "evitan el intercambio de ideas honesto y desprejuiciado que se cultiva en " "las colaboraciones sanas. 47 En cambio, puede ser tan simple como solicitar " @@@ -4895,12 -4909,12 +4895,12 @@@ "diversidad de pensamientos que ayuda a las empresas a distinguirse." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2048 msgid "#### Design for the good actors" msgstr "#### Diseñar para los buenos actores" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2061 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.49 Any relatively introspective human knows this " @@@ -4921,7 -4935,7 +4921,7 @@@ msgstr " "más complicados con un amplio rango de necesidades, emociones, y " "motivaciones. De hecho, estamos hechos para trabajar juntos y grantizar la " "equidad.50 Ser Hecho con Creative Commons requiere creer que la gente " - "actuará mayormente sobre esas motivaciones sociales, ,motivaciones que puden " + "actuará mayormente sobre esas motivaciones sociales, motivaciones que puden " "ser consideradas \"irracionales\" en un sentido económico. Como dijo Pinter " "de Knowledge Unlatched, \"Es mejor ignorar a la gente que trata de " "intimidarte acerca de los aventones. El miedo esta basado en una versión muy " @@@ -4930,7 -4944,7 +4930,7 @@@ "con Creative Commons están diseñados para los buenos actores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2070 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems that assume " @@@ -4945,13 -4959,13 +4945,13 @@@ msgstr " "autocumplida. Shirky escribió en Cognitive Surplus, \"Los sistemas que " "presuponen que la gente actuará de manera que creen bienes públicos, y que " "darles la oportunidades y recompensas por hacerlo, comunmente les permite " -"trabajan juntos mejor que lo que hubieran predicho la economía neoclásica.\"" -"51 Cuando aceptamos que la gente es comunmente motivada por algo más que " +"trabajan juntos mejor que lo que hubieran predicho la economía neoclásica." +"\"51 Cuando aceptamos que la gente es comunmente motivada por algo más que " "interés personal financiero, diseñamos nuestras empresas de maneras que " "inspiren y acentuen nuestros instintos sociales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2080 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@@ -4975,12 -4989,12 +4975,12 @@@ msgstr " "hacen." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2082 msgid "#### Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "#### Trata a los seres humanos como, bueno, humanos" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2091 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”53 Even if you " @@@ -5000,7 -5014,7 +5000,7 @@@ msgstr " "público, haciendo un punto al escuchar tanto como habla. 54" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2096 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@@ -5012,7 -5026,7 +5012,7 @@@ msgstr " "con los usuarios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2108 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@@ -5039,12 -5053,12 +5039,12 @@@ msgstr " "dinámica dramáticamente.56" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2110 msgid "#### State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "#### Establece tus principios y apégate a ellos" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2120 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@@ -5066,7 -5080,7 +5066,7 @@@ msgstr " "parte de alguna empresa . Regularmente ambas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2129 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@@ -5087,7 -5101,7 +5087,7 @@@ msgstr " "comunidad OER (recursos abiertos educativos) en la que ellos operan." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2135 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@@ -5101,12 -5115,12 +5101,12 @@@ msgstr " "confianza." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2137 msgid "#### Build a community" msgstr "#### Construye una comunidad" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2147 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@@ -5127,7 -5141,7 +5127,7 @@@ msgstr " "y son atraídos para los valores que se simbolizan en el uso de CC." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2159 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@@ -5153,7 -5167,7 +5153,7 @@@ msgstr " "organizaciones abiertas.\"60" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2171 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s difficult to " @@@ -5179,7 -5193,7 +5179,7 @@@ msgstr " "desunión." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2175 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." @@@ -5189,12 -5203,12 +5189,12 @@@ msgstr " "lo que se trata compartir." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2177 msgid "#### Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "#### Da más a los comunes de lo que te llevas" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2188 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@@ -5210,8 -5224,8 +5210,8 @@@ msgstr " "La sabiduría común en el mercado dicta que la gente debería extraer la mayor " "cantidad de dinero posible de los recursos. Esto es lo que esencialmente " "define mucho de la así llamada \"economía del intercambio\". En un artículo " -"del sitio web del Harvard Business Review titulado \"The Sharing Economy Isn’" -"t about Sharing at All\" (\"La economía del intercambio no es para nada " +"del sitio web del Harvard Business Review titulado \"The Sharing Economy " +"Isn’t about Sharing at All\" (\"La economía del intercambio no es para nada " "sobre compartir\"), los autores Giana Eckhardt y Fleura Bardhi explicaron " "cómo las transacciones anónimas, orientadas por el mercado, en la mayoría de " "las empresas de la economía del intercambio son puramente para monetizar el " @@@ -5221,7 -5235,7 +5221,7 @@@ "es compartir." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2200 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@@ -5239,17 -5253,17 +5239,17 @@@ msgstr " "valor que uno toma de él. No se puede tratar al contenido abierto " "simplemente como un pozo común de recursos del cual extraer valor. Parte del " "dar de vuelta al ecosistema es contribuir contenido de vuelta al público " -"bajo las licencias CC. Pero no tiene que ser solamente sobre crear contenido;" -" puede ser también sobre añadir valor de otras maneras. La plataforma social " -"de blogging Medium provee valor a su comunidad al incentivar un buen " -"comportamiento, y el resultado es un espacio online con contenido de " -"remarcada buena calidad generado por los usuarios y con pocos trolls.65 " -"Opendesk contribuye a su comunidad al comprometerse a ayudar a sus " +"bajo las licencias CC. Pero no tiene que ser solamente sobre crear " +"contenido; puede ser también sobre añadir valor de otras maneras. La " +"plataforma social de blogging Medium provee valor a su comunidad al " +"incentivar un buen comportamiento, y el resultado es un espacio online con " +"contenido de remarcada buena calidad generado por los usuarios y con pocos " +"trolls.65 Opendesk contribuye a su comunidad al comprometerse a ayudar a sus " "diseñadores a hacer dinero, en parte al curar y exhibir activamente su " "trabajo en la plataforma de una manera efectiva." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2208 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@@ -5268,13 -5282,12 +5268,13 @@@ msgstr " "cuando el valor que ellos añaden sobrepasa el valor que tú añadiste." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2210 msgid "#### Involve people in what you do" msgstr "#### Involucra a la gente en lo que haces" #. type: Plain text #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2222 +#, fuzzy msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent.66 But to " @@@ -5284,7 -5297,7 +5284,7 @@@ "than it is for others. Groups tied together online collaborate best when " "people can work independently and asynchronously, and particularly for " "larger groups with loose ties, when contributors can make simple " -"improvements without a particularly heavy time" +"improvements without a particularly heavy time commitment.68" msgstr "" "Gracias a Internet, podemos utilizar los talentos y la experiencia de " "personas alrededor del mundo. Chris Anderson lo llama la Larga Cola del " @@@ -5295,10 -5308,15 +5295,10 @@@ "permanecen juntos colaboran mejor cuando la gente puede trabajar de manera " "independiente y asíncrona, y particularmente para los grupos más grandes con " "lazos más sueltos, donde los contribuyentes pueden hacer simples mejoras sin " - "un compromiso que demande mucho tiempo." + "un compromiso de tiempo demasiado pesado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2224 -msgid "commitment.68" -msgstr "68" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2231 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@@ -5318,7 -5336,7 +5318,7 @@@ msgstr " "diferencia.69" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2248 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@@ -5356,7 -5374,7 +5356,7 @@@ msgstr " "recibir aportes era en la escritura, en la música misma\".71" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2259 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@@ -5381,7 -5399,7 +5381,7 @@@ msgstr " "colaboración florece.73" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2268 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@@ -5403,12 -5421,12 +5403,12 @@@ msgstr " "participantes activos.75" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2270 msgid "#### Notes" msgstr "#### Notas" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at " @@@ -5419,7 -5437,7 +5419,7 @@@ msgstr " "disponible en: strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation." #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." @@@ -5428,12 -5446,12 +5428,12 @@@ msgstr " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "Ibid., 55." #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@@ -5444,12 -5462,12 +5444,12 @@@ msgstr " "Hyperion, 2010), 224." #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." #. type: Bullet: '6. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." @@@ -5458,7 -5476,7 +5458,7 @@@ msgstr " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." #. type: Bullet: '7. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." @@@ -5467,7 -5485,7 +5467,7 @@@ msgstr " "2012), 64." #. type: Bullet: '8. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." @@@ -5476,7 -5494,7 +5476,7 @@@ msgstr " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371 #, fuzzy, no-wrap msgid "" "9. Anderson, Makers, 66.\n" @@@ -5650,12 -5668,12 +5650,12 @@@ msgstr " " Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188.\n" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373 msgid "## The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "## Las Licencias Creative Commons" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2386 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@@ -5682,12 -5700,12 +5682,12 @@@ msgstr " "patentes o marcas registradas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2388 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "A continuación se presentan las seis licencias:" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2391 #, fuzzy msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png){width=\"4.198in\" " @@@ -5697,7 -5715,7 +5697,7 @@@ msgstr " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2397 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@@ -5711,7 -5729,7 +5711,7 @@@ msgstr " "de materiales licenciados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2400 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png){width=\"4.198in\" " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" @@@ -5720,7 -5738,7 +5720,7 @@@ msgstr " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2407 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@@ -5738,7 -5756,7 +5738,7 @@@ msgstr " "derivada también permitirá el uso con fines comerciales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2410 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png){width=\"4.198in\" " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" @@@ -5747,7 -5765,7 +5747,7 @@@ msgstr " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2414 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@@ -5758,7 -5776,7 +5758,7 @@@ msgstr " "modificaciones y te den crédito como autor." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2417 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png){width=\"4.198in\" " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" @@@ -5767,7 -5785,7 +5767,7 @@@ msgstr " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2422 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@@ -5780,7 -5798,7 +5780,7 @@@ msgstr " "creador, no tienen la obligación de licenciarlos bajo estos mismos términos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2425 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png){width=\"4.198in\" " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" @@@ -5789,7 -5807,7 +5789,7 @@@ msgstr " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2429 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@@ -5801,7 -5819,7 +5801,7 @@@ msgstr " "creaciones bajo los mismos términos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2432 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png){width=\"4.198in\" " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" @@@ -5810,7 -5828,7 +5810,7 @@@ msgstr " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2437 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@@ -5823,7 -5841,7 +5823,7 @@@ msgstr " "posibilidad de modificarla de ninguna manera o utilizarla comercialmente." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2442 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@@ -5835,16 -5853,16 +5835,16 @@@ msgstr " "cuyos plazos de derechos de autor han expirado:" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2445 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png){width=\"4.1665in" "\" height=\"1.4689in\"}" msgstr "" -"![](Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png){width=\"4.1665in\"" -" height=\"1.4689in\"}" +"![](Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png){width=\"4.1665in" +"\" height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2448 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (“no rights reserved”)." @@@ -5853,16 -5871,16 +5853,16 @@@ msgstr " "al dominio público en todo el mundo (”ningún derecho reservado”)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2451 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png){width=\"4.1665in" "\" height=\"1.4689in\"}" msgstr "" -"![](Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png){width=\"4.1665in\"" -" height=\"1.4689in\"}" +"![](Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png){width=\"4.1665in" +"\" height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2455 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." @@@ -5872,7 -5890,7 +5872,7 @@@ msgstr " "derecho autoral." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2464 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@@ -5894,7 -5912,7 +5894,7 @@@ msgstr " "digital, amplifican su involucramiento y compromiso de compartir." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2476 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@@ -5920,7 -5938,7 +5920,7 @@@ msgstr " "largometraje, o evitar que otra compañía venda copias físicas del mismo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2488 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@@ -5946,7 -5964,7 +5946,7 @@@ msgstr " "distribuidora descubra su trabajo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2493 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@@ -5960,7 -5978,7 +5960,7 @@@ msgstr " "médicos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2503 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@@ -5984,12 -6002,12 +5984,12 @@@ msgstr " "entre distintos dominios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2505 msgid "Note" msgstr "Notas" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2509 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called “Share " @@@ -6001,22 -6019,22 +6001,22 @@@ msgstr " "Your Work” en" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2511 msgid "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/." msgstr "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2513 msgid "# Part 2" msgstr "# Parte 2" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2517 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2515 msgid "# The Case Studies" msgstr "# Los estudios de caso" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2523 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@@ -6036,7 -6054,7 +6036,7 @@@ msgstr " "por nosotros." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2529 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@@ -6051,12 -6069,12 +6051,12 @@@ msgstr " "en buena medida la manera en que nos fue contado por quienes entrevistamos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2531 msgid "## Arduino" msgstr "## Arduino" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2534 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." @@@ -6065,12 -6083,12 +6065,12 @@@ msgstr " "hardware y software con fines de lucro. Fundada en Italia en 2005." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2536 msgid "www.arduino.cc" msgstr "www.arduino.cc" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2540 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (sales of boards, modules, " "shields, and kits), licensing a trademark (fees paid by those who want to " @@@ -6081,36 -6099,36 +6081,36 @@@ msgstr " "por aquellos que quieren vender productos Arduino utilizando su nombre)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2544 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3225 msgid "Interview date: February 4, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 4 de febrero, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2544 msgid "Interviewees: David Cuartielles and Tom Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "Entrevistados: David Cuartielles y Tom Igoe, cofundadores" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2548 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3231 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3586 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3791 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4031 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4268 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4678 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4890 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5117 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5355 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5790 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6035 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6424 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7065 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Paul Stacey" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2558 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@@ -6138,7 -6156,7 +6138,7 @@@ msgstr " "software bajo la Licencia Pública General (GPL) de GNU." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2566 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@@ -6156,7 -6174,7 +6156,7 @@@ msgstr " "hacer artes visuales)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2573 msgid "" "“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. " "Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature of " @@@ -6173,7 -6191,7 +6173,7 @@@ msgstr " "lo que pensamos siquiera en construir.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2582 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@@ -6192,7 -6210,7 +6192,7 @@@ msgstr " "de Tom, ”abrir las fuentes facilita confiar en un producto.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2589 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@@ -6209,7 -6227,7 +6209,7 @@@ msgstr " "se invirtieron en sostener y mejorar a Arduino." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2596 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@@ -6224,7 -6242,7 +6224,7 @@@ msgstr " "cliente lo hace a uno más confiado y convincente al vender el producto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2608 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@@ -6250,7 -6268,7 +6250,7 @@@ msgstr " "vendido a un precio razonable, la gente lo comprará." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2621 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@@ -6279,7 -6297,7 +6279,7 @@@ msgstr " "accesible, útil tanto para novatos como para expertos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2628 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@@ -6296,7 -6314,7 +6296,7 @@@ msgstr " "altos para sostener el negocio." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2634 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@@ -6311,7 -6329,7 +6311,7 @@@ msgstr " "compartir las cosas bajo un modelo abierto únicamente le ayudará.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2644 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@@ -6334,7 -6352,7 +6334,7 @@@ msgstr " "asegurar que la mueva versión es igualmente libre y abierta." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2654 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@@ -6356,7 -6374,7 +6356,7 @@@ msgstr " "incorpora en sus nuevos productos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2663 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@@ -6378,7 -6396,7 +6378,7 @@@ msgstr " "tarjeta para darle mayor funcionalidad), y kits.1" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2674 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@@ -6402,7 -6420,7 +6402,7 @@@ msgstr " "problemas de la gente. La comunidad creció orgánicamente desde ese punto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2684 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@@ -6426,7 -6444,7 +6426,7 @@@ msgstr " "no sufre por copias de mala calidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2692 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@@ -6445,7 -6463,7 +6445,7 @@@ msgstr " "generación de ganancias para Arduino." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2699 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@@ -6463,7 -6481,7 +6463,7 @@@ msgstr " "herramienta crítica para Arduino." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2712 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@@ -6490,7 -6508,7 +6490,7 @@@ msgstr " "oficiales y aquellas que son clones, derivados, compatibles, y falsificados.2" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2718 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@@ -6506,7 -6524,7 +6506,7 @@@ msgstr " "cosas.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2724 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about “the " @@@ -6522,7 -6540,7 +6522,7 @@@ msgstr " "alfabetización que todos debieran aprender.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2728 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@@ -6533,38 -6551,38 +6533,38 @@@ msgstr " "precios, y bueno para la manufactura." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2732 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3770 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4010 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4247 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4869 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5094 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5333 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5580 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6013 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6241 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6682 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7246 msgid "Web links" msgstr "Vínculos Web" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2733 msgid "www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products" msgstr "www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2733 msgid "blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/" msgstr "blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2735 msgid "## Ártica" msgstr "## Ártica" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2739 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@@ -6575,41 -6593,41 +6575,41 @@@ msgstr " "colaboración en las artes y la cultura. Fundada en 2011 en Uruguay." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2741 msgid "www.articaonline.com" msgstr "www.articaonline.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2743 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services" msgstr "Modelo de ganancia: cobrar por servicios personalizados" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2745 msgid "Interview date: March 9, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: 9 de marzo de 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2747 msgid "Interviewees: Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "Entravistados: Mariana Fossatti y Jorge Gemetto, cofundadores" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2751 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2901 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3056 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3397 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4509 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5597 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6265 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6702 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6880 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7265 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2754 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@@ -6622,12 -6640,12 +6622,12 @@@ msgstr " "que ellos construyeron por sí mismos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2756 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "El trabajo de sus sueños no existía, así que lo crearon." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2766 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@@ -6649,7 -6667,7 +6649,7 @@@ msgstr " "crean proyectos artísticos y culturales en la Internet." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2777 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@@ -6675,7 -6693,7 +6675,7 @@@ msgstr " "intermediarios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2786 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@@ -6695,7 -6713,7 +6695,7 @@@ msgstr " "personalizados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2795 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2793 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. “Over the years, we realized that online " @@@ -6713,7 -6731,7 +6713,7 @@@ msgstr " "especializados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2799 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@@ -6729,7 -6747,7 +6729,7 @@@ msgstr " "individuales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2805 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@@ -6744,7 -6762,7 +6744,7 @@@ msgstr " "les lleva a algo nuevo, cada nuevo recurso que crean abre nuevas puertas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2819 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@@ -6774,7 -6792,7 +6774,7 @@@ msgstr " "un acuerdo justo y ético.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2825 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@@ -6790,7 -6808,7 +6790,7 @@@ msgstr " "oportunidades para su negocio." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2834 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@@ -6810,7 -6828,7 +6810,7 @@@ msgstr " "complejo en el futuro, como un curso o un libro.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2842 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. “This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in order to " @@@ -6828,7 -6846,7 +6828,7 @@@ msgstr " "importante como el producto final." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2848 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In the " "educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay attention to " @@@ -6843,7 -6861,7 +6843,7 @@@ msgstr " "importante son las relaciones.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2852 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@@ -6854,7 -6872,7 +6854,7 @@@ msgstr " "compartir sus conocimientos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2863 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content is " "not enough,” Jorge said. “We also think that it is very important to take a " @@@ -6880,7 -6898,7 +6880,7 @@@ msgstr " "cultura." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2871 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. " "Human resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@@ -6897,7 -6915,7 +6897,7 @@@ msgstr " "eficiente y sostenible, y por esto, es un éxito." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2877 msgid "" "“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it is " "easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very specific and " @@@ -6912,7 -6930,7 +6912,7 @@@ msgstr " "hacerlo de forma sostenible y colaborativa." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2883 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@@ -6927,12 -6945,12 +6927,12 @@@ msgstr " "cómo se ve.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2885 msgid "## Blender Institute" msgstr "## Blender Institute" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2888 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." @@@ -6941,12 -6959,12 +6941,12 @@@ msgstr " "utilizando el software Blender. Fundado en 2006 en los Países Bajos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2890 msgid "www.blender.org" msgstr "www.blender.org" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2893 msgid "" "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for physical " "copies, selling merchandise" @@@ -6955,17 -6973,17 +6955,17 @@@ msgstr " "copias físicas, venta de mercancía" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2895 msgid "Interview date: March 8, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 8 de marzo, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2897 msgid "Interviewee: Francesco Siddi, production coordinator" msgstr "Entrevistado: Francesco Siddi, coordinador de producción" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2908 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@@ -6986,7 -7004,7 +6986,7 @@@ msgstr " "Blender y a su comunidad de maneras concretas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2917 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@@ -7007,7 -7025,7 +7007,7 @@@ msgstr " "en conjunto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2923 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@@ -7020,7 -7038,7 +7020,7 @@@ msgstr " "contenido empleando tus propias herramientas, no estás haciendo nada.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2933 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@@ -7042,7 -7060,7 +7042,7 @@@ msgstr " "bajo la Licencia Pública General GNU." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2943 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@@ -7066,7 -7084,7 +7066,7 @@@ msgstr " "comunidad de desarrolladores para que el proyecto pudiera vivir.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2952 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2950 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. “Software " @@@ -7082,7 -7100,7 +7082,7 @@@ msgstr " "administrar al desarrollo y mantenimiento de software." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2959 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@@ -7103,7 -7121,7 +7103,7 @@@ msgstr " "programa Blender." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2966 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@@ -7121,7 -7139,7 +7121,7 @@@ msgstr " "creerlo.'”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2972 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@@ -7136,7 -7154,7 +7136,7 @@@ msgstr " "sus caracteres animados fueron recogidos por vendedores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2983 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@@ -7161,7 -7179,7 +7161,7 @@@ msgstr " "limitantes presupuestales.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2991 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@@ -7179,7 -7197,7 +7179,7 @@@ msgstr " "comprende el beneficio de estos proyectos,” dice Francesco." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2998 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@@ -7196,7 -7214,7 +7196,7 @@@ msgstr " "entonces termina. Eso es un problema.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3012 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@@ -7226,7 -7244,7 +7226,7 @@@ msgstr " "otros materiales utilizados en varios proyectos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3017 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@@ -7239,7 -7257,7 +7239,7 @@@ msgstr " "nuesra libertad,” nos dice, ”y para los artistas, la libertad lo es todo.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3024 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@@ -7257,7 -7275,7 +7257,7 @@@ msgstr " "productos Blender." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3031 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3029 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@@ -7270,7 -7288,7 +7270,7 @@@ msgstr " "abierto. Vender una licencia nunca fue parte de su modelo de negocios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3037 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@@ -7289,17 -7307,17 +7289,17 @@@ msgstr " "presupuesto reproducir lo que hiciste”, dijo Ton." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3039 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "Para Ton y Blender, a fin de cuentas todo se trata de hacer." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3041 msgid "## Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "## Cards Against Humanity" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3044 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." @@@ -7309,27 -7327,27 +7309,27 @@@ msgstr " "Estados Unidos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3046 msgid "www.cardsagainsthumanity.com" msgstr "www.cardsagainsthumanity.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3048 msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies" msgstr "Modelo de ganancia: Cobrar por copias físicas" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3050 msgid "Interview date: February 3, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 3 de febrero, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3052 msgid "Interviewee: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "Entrevistado: Max Temkin, cofundador" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3061 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3059 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. “We make a product. We sell " @@@ -7341,7 -7359,7 +7341,7 @@@ msgstr " "del que ganamos”." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3067 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@@ -7361,7 -7379,7 +7361,7 @@@ msgstr " "lograr un juego hilarante y divertido." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3073 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@@ -7376,7 -7394,7 +7376,7 @@@ msgstr " "oficiales, así como ediciones internacionales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3078 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@@ -7389,7 -7407,7 +7389,7 @@@ msgstr " "contar las descargas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3084 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@@ -7404,7 -7422,7 +7404,7 @@@ msgstr " "juego es todo un nuevo juego por sí solo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3089 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@@ -7415,7 -7433,7 +7415,7 @@@ msgstr " "una base de seguidores masiva." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3100 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@@ -7440,7 -7458,7 +7440,7 @@@ msgstr " "obtuvieron \\$15,000. El juego salió oficialmente a mercado en mayo de 2011." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3104 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@@ -7451,7 -7469,7 +7451,7 @@@ msgstr " "decidieran hacer de éste un negocio continuado. ”Simplemente ocurrió,” dice." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3109 msgid "" "But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like the " "game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. It is " @@@ -7464,7 -7482,7 +7464,7 @@@ msgstr " "preguntas frecuentes de su sitio Web ”Tus tontas preguntas.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3121 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@@ -7493,7 -7511,7 +7493,7 @@@ msgstr " "su Venta de Todo Cuesta \\$5 Más." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3125 msgid "" "“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans were " "going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went with it. " @@@ -7504,7 -7522,7 +7504,7 @@@ msgstr " "hicimos. La gente aceptó perfectamente el chiste.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3130 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@@ -7518,7 -7536,7 +7518,7 @@@ msgstr " "hacemos.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3137 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a little " "subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke.” One " @@@ -7535,7 -7553,7 +7535,7 @@@ msgstr " "haciéndolo exitoso. Obtuvieron \\$70,000 en un sólo día." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3148 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@@ -7560,7 -7578,7 +7560,7 @@@ msgstr " "veces, porque los beneficios son muchísimos.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3155 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@@ -7576,7 -7594,7 +7576,7 @@@ msgstr " "del juego creadas por los seguidores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3160 msgid "" "Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@@ -7590,7 -7608,7 +7590,7 @@@ msgstr " "en la comercialización.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3171 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@@ -7615,7 -7633,7 +7615,7 @@@ msgstr " "habido un puñado de casos en los que involucraron a un abogado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3179 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@@ -7635,7 -7653,7 +7635,7 @@@ msgstr " "cantidad de trabajo y de atención a las sutilezas.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3188 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@@ -7657,7 -7675,7 +7657,7 @@@ msgstr " "publicado, una vez que la gente crea sus propias adaptaciones del juego." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3194 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@@ -7672,7 -7690,7 +7672,7 @@@ msgstr " "más chistes y juegos,” dice." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3201 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than \\$4 million to various charities " "and causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all have other " @@@ -7689,7 -7707,7 +7689,7 @@@ msgstr " "juego hacia ellas.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3207 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@@ -7705,7 -7723,7 +7705,7 @@@ msgstr " "obtener más dinero de los clientes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3212 msgid "" "“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” Max " "said. “If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not best " @@@ -7718,12 -7736,12 +7718,12 @@@ msgstr " "quién es usted, y por qué está haciendo las cosas.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3214 msgid "## The Conversation" msgstr "## The Conversation (La conversación)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3218 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@@ -7734,12 -7752,12 +7734,12 @@@ msgstr " "través de Internet. Fundado en el 2011 en Australia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3220 msgid "theconversation.com" msgstr "theconversation.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3223 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging content creators (universities pay membership fees " "to have their faculties serve as writers), grant funding" @@@ -7749,12 -7767,12 +7749,12 @@@ msgstr " "escritores), donaciones" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3227 msgid "Interviewee: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "Entrevistado: Andrew Jaspan, fundador" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3237 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@@ -7766,13 -7784,13 +7766,13 @@@ msgstr " "Andrew Jaspan pasó muchos años como editor de periódicos importantes " "incluyendo el the Observer en Londres, el the Sunday Herald en Glasgow, y el " "the Age en Melbourne, Australia. Experimentó de primera mano el declinar de " - "los periódicos, incluyendo el colapso de las ganancias, inactividad , y la " + "los periódicos, incluyendo el colapso de las ganancias, inactividad, y la " "presión constante de la reducción de costos. Después de que dejó the Age en " "2005, su preocupación por el futuro del periodismo no desapareció. Andrew " "realizó un compromiso de regresar con un modelo alternativo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3243 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@@ -7788,7 -7806,7 +7788,7 @@@ msgstr " "sexy." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3261 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@@ -7827,7 -7845,7 +7827,7 @@@ msgstr " "público pero no tan bueno al exhibir su experiencia ante amplias audiencias." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3272 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@@ -7853,7 -7871,7 +7853,7 @@@ msgstr " "escribiendo lo que ellos quieran." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3283 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@@ -7877,7 -7895,7 +7877,7 @@@ msgstr " "licenciado con Creative Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3292 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@@ -7897,7 -7915,7 +7897,7 @@@ msgstr " "fidedigna de información basada en evidencia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3305 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@@ -7926,7 -7944,7 +7926,7 @@@ msgstr " "republicarlo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3316 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@@ -7950,7 -7968,7 +7950,7 @@@ msgstr " "que hace The Conversation." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3323 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has grown " @@@ -7966,7 -7984,7 +7966,7 @@@ msgstr " "través de ser un proveedor acreditado para el feed de Noticias de Google." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3331 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@@ -7984,7 -8002,7 +7984,7 @@@ msgstr " "no recibe ningún anuncio y es una empresa sin ánimo de lucro." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3340 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@@ -8004,7 -8022,7 +8004,7 @@@ msgstr " "del mundo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3347 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@@ -8022,7 -8040,7 +8022,7 @@@ msgstr " "y las características distintivas del servicio." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3353 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@@ -8038,7 -8056,7 +8038,7 @@@ msgstr " "editorial asesor." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3361 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@@ -8058,7 -8076,7 +8058,7 @@@ msgstr " "dónde se está republicando el artículo y el número de lecturas por artículo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3367 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@@ -8075,7 -8093,7 +8075,7 @@@ msgstr " "consulta de una empresa sobre un tema." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3371 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@@ -8086,7 -8104,7 +8086,7 @@@ msgstr " "y moestrar por qué son de valor." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3377 msgid "" "With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation " "represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more informed " @@@ -8102,25 -8120,25 +8102,25 @@@ msgstr " "tiempo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3381 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4490 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5771 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7414 msgid "Web link" msgstr "Sitio web" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3381 msgid "theconversation.com/us/charter" msgstr "theconversation.com/us/charter" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3383 msgid "## Cory Doctorow" msgstr "## Cory Doctorow" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3386 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." @@@ -8129,12 -8147,12 +8129,12 @@@ msgstr " "periodista. Vive en los Estados Unidos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3388 msgid "craphound.com and boingboing.net" msgstr "craphound.com y boingboing.net" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3391 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, " "selling translation rights to books" @@@ -8143,12 -8161,12 +8143,12 @@@ msgstr " "lo-que-quiera, vender derechos de traducción de los libros" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3393 msgid "Interview date: January 12, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 12 de enero de 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3402 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he is " "not a brand. “To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing that has " @@@ -8157,16 -8175,16 +8157,16 @@@ "thing that animates me to work crazy insane hours because it’s the most " "important thing I know how to do.”" msgstr "" - "Cory Doctorow odia el término \"modelo de negocios\", y es firme en sostener " - "que él no es una marca. \"Para mí, armar una marca es esta idea de que se " + "Cory Doctorow odia el término ”modelo de negocios”, y es firme en sostener " + "que él no es una marca. ”Para mí, armar una marca es esta idea de que se " "puede tomar una cosa que tiene ciertas cualidades, remover todas las " - "cualidades e ir a venderla\", nos dijo. \"No ando por ahí pensando de qué " + "cualidades e ir a venderla”, nos dijo. ”No ando por ahí pensando de qué " "forma puedo ser una marca. Estoy haciendo esta cosa que me motiva a trabajar " "una cantidad alocada de horas porque es la cosa más importante que sé cómo " - "hacer\"." + "hacer.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3406 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@@ -8177,7 -8195,7 +8177,7 @@@ msgstr " "camino para que ellos lo compartieran." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3415 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@@ -8197,7 -8215,7 +8197,7 @@@ msgstr " "que los creadores pueden ganarse la vida en la era de Internet." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3419 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@@ -8208,7 -8226,7 +8208,7 @@@ msgstr " "modelos de pague-lo-que-quiera para su trabajo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3434 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@@ -8226,21 -8244,21 +8226,39 @@@ msgstr "" "Mientras que el trabajo de ficción de Cory tiene muchos seguidores, es " "igualmente reconocido por su activismo. Es un destacado oponente del derecho " ++<<<<<<< HEAD +"de autor restrictivo y de las tecnologías de gestión de derechos digitales " +"(DRM, por sus siglas en inglés) utilizadas para encerrar el contenido, " +"porque piensa que ambas socavan a los creadores y al interés público. " +"Actualmente es un asesor especial en la Electronic Frontier Foundation, " +"donde está involucrado en un juicio que desafía a la ley estadounidense que " +"protege el DRM. Cory dice que su trabajo político no le da dinero de manera " +"directa, pero que si renunciara a él, perdería credibilidad y, aún más " +"importante, perdería el impulso que le impulsa a crear. \"Mi trabajo " +"político es una expresión diferente del mismo tipo de necesidad artístico-" +"política\", dice. \"Tengo la sospecha de que si dejara las cosas que no me " +"hacen ganar dinero, se perdería la autenticidad de lo que hago y la cualidad " +"que hace que lo que hago le guste a la gente\"." + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3445 ++======= + "de autor restrictivo y de las tecnologías de gestión de derechos digitales (" + "DRM, por sus siglas en inglés) utilizadas para encerrar el contenido, porque " + "piensa que ambas socavan a los creadores y al interés público. Actualmente " + "es un asesor especial en la Electronic Frontier Foundation, donde está " + "involucrado en un juicio que desafía a la ley estadounidense que protege el " + "DRM. Cory dice que su trabajo político no le da dinero de manera directa, " + "pero que si renunciara a él, perdería credibilidad y, aún más importante, " + "perdería el impulso que le impulsa a crear. ”Mi trabajo político es una " + "expresión diferente del mismo tipo de necesidad artístico-política,” dice. ”" + "Tengo la sospecha de que si dejara las cosas que no me hacen ganar dinero, " + "se perdería la autenticidad de lo que hago y la cualidad que hace que lo que " + "hago le guste a la gente.”" + + #. type: Plain text + #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3447 ++>>>>>>> weblate msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@@ -8256,16 -8274,16 +8274,16 @@@ msgstr " "Cory ha sido financieramente exitoso, pero el dinero no es su motivación " "primaria. Al comienzo de su libro Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, " "enfatiza lo importante que es no ser un artista si tu objetivo es hacerte " - "rico. \"Entrar al mundo artístico para hacerse rico es como comprar tickets " - "de la lotería para hacerse rico\", escribió. \"Puede funcionar, pero lo más " - "certero es que no funcione. Aunque, por supuesto, siempre alguien gana la " - "lotería\". Él reconoce que él es uno de los pocos en haberlo conseguido, " - "pero dice que estaría escribiendo de todos modos. \"Me siento llamado a " - "escribir\", escribió. \"Mucho antes de escribir para mantener alimentado y " - "cobijado, estaba escribiendo para mantenerme cuerdo\"." + "rico. ”Entrar al mundo artístico para hacerse rico es como comprar tickets " + "de la lotería para hacerse rico,” escribió. ”Puede funcionar, pero lo más " + "probable es que no funcione. Aunque, por supuesto, siempre alguien gana la " + "lotería”. Él reconoce que él es uno de los pocos en haberlo conseguido, pero " + "dice que estaría escribiendo de todos modos. ”Me siento llamado a escribir”, " + "escribió. ”Mucho antes de escribir para mantener alimentado y cobijado, " + "estaba escribiendo para mantenerme cuerdo.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3453 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@@ -8285,7 -8303,7 +8303,7 @@@ msgstr " "simboliza su visión de mundo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3461 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@@ -8304,7 -8322,7 +8322,7 @@@ msgstr " "su trabajo. \"Empecé por no llamarlos ladrones\", dice." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3472 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@@ -8316,19 -8334,19 +8334,19 @@@ "book, which is a big effort. I decided to spare them the time and energy, " "and give them the book for free in a format destined to spread.”" msgstr "" - "Cory comenzó a utilizar las lciencias CC al poco tiempo de que fueran " + "Cory comenzó a utilizar las licencias CC al poco tiempo de que fueran " "creadas. En el momento en que su primera novela salió, el género de la " "ciencia ficción estaba lleno de gente digitalizando y descargando libros sin " "permiso. Cuando él y su editor miraron más de cerca a quienes estaban " "haciendo ese tipo de cosas online, se dieron cuenta de que se parecía un " - "montón a promocionar un libro. \"Sabía que había una relación entre tener " - "lectores entusiastas y tener una carrera exitosa como escritor\", dice. \"En " + "montón a promocionar un libro. ”Sabía que había una relación entre tener " + "lectores entusiastas y tener una carrera exitosa como escritor,” dice. ”En " "ese momento, tomaba ocho horas hacerle reconocimiento de caracteres a un " "libro, lo que es un gran esfuerzo. Decidí liberarles el tiempo y la energía, " - "y darles el libro de manera gratuita en un formato destinado a difundirlo\"." + "y darles el libro de manera gratuita en un formato destinado a difundirlo.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3478 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@@ -8344,7 -8362,7 +8362,7 @@@ msgstr " "establecido." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3485 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@@ -8360,7 -8378,7 +8378,7 @@@ msgstr " "lo hace\", dice." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3498 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. “Being open to fan activity makes " @@@ -8375,21 -8393,21 +8393,21 @@@ "pretty slim, so I should take all the help I can get.”" msgstr "" "Hacer su trabajo disponible bajo una licencia Creative Commons le permite " - "ver a sus fans más grandes como sus embajadores. \"Estar abierto a la " + "ver a sus fans más grandes como sus embajadores. ”Estar abierto a la " "actividad de los fans te hace parte de la conversación sobre lo que los fans " - "hacen con tu trabajo y cómo interactúan con él\", dice. El propio sitio web " + "hacen con tu trabajo y cómo interactúan con él,” dice. El propio sitio web " "de Cory destaca de manera rutinaria las cosas interesantes que su audiencia " "ha hecho con su trabajo. A diferencia de las corporaciones como Disney, que " "tienden a tener una relación de poco interés con la actividad de sus fans, " - "él tiene una relación simbiótica con su audiencia. \"Comprometerte con tu " - "audiencia no te garantiza el éxito\", dice. \"Y Disney es un ejemplo de ser " - "capaz de permancer distante y aún así ser la compañía más exitosa en la " - "historia de las industrias creativas. Pero me di cuenta de que mis " - "probabilidades de ser Disney son bastante estrechas, de modo que tengo que " - "tomar toda la ayuda que pueda obtener\"." + "él tiene una relación simbiótica con su audiencia. ”Comprometerse con la " + "audiencia no garantiza el éxito,” dice. ”Y Disney es un ejemplo de ser capaz " + "de permancer distante y aún así ser la compañía más exitosa en la historia " + "de las industrias creativas. Pero me di cuenta de que mis probabilidades de " + "ser Disney son bastante estrechas, de modo que tengo que tomar toda la ayuda " + "que pueda obtener.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3511 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@@ -8417,7 -8435,7 +8435,7 @@@ msgstr " "disponibles de manera gratuita." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3523 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@@ -8434,18 -8452,18 +8452,18 @@@ msgstr " "En su libro Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, Cory compara su filosofía " "con las flores de los dientes de león o panaderos. Estas flores producen " "miles de semillas cada primavera, y se dispersan en el aire en todas las " - "direcciones. La estrategia es maximizar el número de chances azarosas que " - "estas flores tienen de continuar su línea genética. De manera similar, dice " - "que hay un montón de gente ahí afuera que quizás quiera comprar obras " - "creativas o compensar a los autores por ellas de alguna otra manera. \"La " - "mayor cantidad de lugares que tu trabajo pueda encontrar, más alta es la " - "posibilidad de que encontrará uno de esos potenciales clientes en un hueco " - "insospechado del asfalto metafórico\", escribió. \"Las copias que otras " - "personas hacen de mi trabajo no me cuesta nada y me presentan la posibilidad " - "de que conseguiré algo\"." + "direcciones. La estrategia es maximizar el número de posibilidades azarosas " + "que estas flores tienen de continuar su línea genética. De manera similar, " + "dice que hay un montón de gente ahí afuera que quizás quiera comprar obras " + "creativas o compensar a los autores por ellas de alguna otra manera. ”Entre " + "mayor sea la cantidad de lugares que el trabajo pueda encontrar, más alta es " + "la posibilidad de que encontrará uno de esos potenciales clientes en un " + "hueco insospechado del asfalto metafórico,” escribió. ”Las copias que otras " + "personas hacen de mi trabajo no me cuestan nada y me presentan la " + "posibilidad de obtener algo.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3532 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@@ -8455,17 -8473,17 +8473,28 @@@ "Cory’s First Law: “Anytime someone puts a lock on something that belongs to " "you and won’t give you the key, that lock isn’t there for your benefit.”" msgstr "" ++<<<<<<< HEAD +"Aplicar una licencia CC a su trabajo aumenta sus chances de que su trabajo " +"será compartido más ampliamente en la web. Él no utiliza DRM —y se opone " +"abiertamente a la práctica de utilizarlo— por razones similares. El DRM " +"tiene el efecto de atar una obra a una plataforma en particular. A cambio, " +"este candado digital le quita al autor el control sobre su propia obra y se " +"lo entrega a la plataforma. Llama a este efecto la Primera Ley de Cory: " +"\"Cada vez que alguien pone un candado sobre algo que te pertenece y no te " +"entrega la llave, ese candado no está puesto ahí para tu beneficio\"." ++======= + "Aplicar una licencia CC a su trabajo aumenta la probabilidad de que su " + "trabajo sea compartido más ampliamente en la web. Él no utiliza DRM —y se " + "opone abiertamente a la práctica de utilizarlo— por razones similares. El " + "DRM tiene el efecto de atar una obra a una plataforma en particular. A " + "cambio, este candado digital le quita al autor el control sobre su propia " + "obra y se lo entrega a la plataforma. Llama a este efecto la Primera Ley de " + "Cory: ”Cada vez que alguien pone un candado sobre algo que te pertenece y no " + "te entrega la llave, ese candado no está puesto ahí para tu beneficio.”" ++>>>>>>> weblate #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3541 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@@ -8480,14 -8498,14 +8509,14 @@@ msgstr " "más lugares, en vez de menos, donde las personas pueden acceder a su " "trabajo. La Internet ha abierto esas avenidas, pero el DRM está diseñada " "para limitarls. \"Por un lado, podemos hacer que nuestro trabajo esté " -"disponible de manera convincente para una audiencia muy dispersa\", dice. \"" -"Por el otro lado, los intermediarios a los que históricamente les vendimos " +"disponible de manera convincente para una audiencia muy dispersa\", dice. " +"\"Por el otro lado, los intermediarios a los que históricamente les vendimos " "están haciendo más difícil evadirlos\". Cory continuamente busca formas de " "alcanzar a su audiencia sin depender de las grandes plataformas que tratarán " "de tomar control sobre su trabajo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3550 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@@ -8509,7 -8527,7 +8538,7 @@@ msgstr " "experimento de pague-lo-que-quiera." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3559 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@@ -8523,16 -8541,16 +8552,16 @@@ msgstr " "Los fans están particularmente dispuestos a pagar cuando se sienten " "conectados personalmente al artista. Cory se esfuerza para crear esa " "conexión personal. Una de las formas en que hace esto es respondiendo " - "personalmente cada correo que le llega. \"Si se observa la historia de los " - "artistas, la mayoría mueren en la penuria\", dice. \"Esa realidad significa " + "personalmente cada correo que le llega. ”Si se observa la historia de los " + "artistas, la mayoría mueren en la penuria,” dice. ”Esa realidad significa " "que los artistas tenemos que encontrar formas de apoyarnos cuando el público " "cambia de gustos, cuando el derecho de autor deja de producir ingresos. " "Hacer carrera artística a prueba del futuro significa en muchos sentidos " "descubrir cómo permanecer conectado con esa gente que ha sido tocada por tu " - "trabajo\"." + "trabajo.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3565 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@@ -8543,22 -8561,21 +8572,27 @@@ msgstr " "El realismo de Cory sobre la dificultad de ganarse la vida en el mundo del " "arte no refleja un pesimismo sobre la era de Internet. En cambio, él dice " "que el hecho de que es difícil ganarse la vida como artista no es nada " ++<<<<<<< HEAD +"nuevo. Lo que es nuevo, escribe en su libro, \"es cuántas formas hay de " +"hacer las cosas y cómo llevarlas a la mente y a las manos de otras personas" +"\"." ++======= + "nuevo. Lo que es nuevo, escribe en su libro, ”es cuántas formas hay de hacer " + "las cosas y cómo llevarlas a la mente y a las manos de otras personas.”" ++>>>>>>> weblate #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3567 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "Nunca ha sido más fácil pensar como un diente de león." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3569 msgid "## Figshare" msgstr "## Figshare" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3574 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@@ -8570,28 -8587,28 +8604,28 @@@ msgstr " "videos. Fundado en el año 2011 en Gran Bretaña." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3576 msgid "figshare.com" msgstr "figshare.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3578 msgid "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators" msgstr "" "Model de negocios: la plataforma le provee servicios pagos a los creadores" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3582 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3580 msgid "Interview date: January 28, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 28 de enero de 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3582 msgid "Interviewee: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "Entrevistado: Mark Hahnel, fundador" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3593 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@@ -8613,7 -8630,7 +8647,7 @@@ msgstr " "forma tal que el modelo actual de publicación académica no permite." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3597 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@@ -8625,7 -8642,7 +8659,7 @@@ msgstr " "tiempo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3605 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@@ -8643,7 -8660,7 +8677,7 @@@ msgstr " "sería mejor para su carrera." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3611 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@@ -8656,7 -8673,7 +8690,7 @@@ msgstr " "cualquiera. Así que empezó a trabajar en una solución." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3615 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@@ -8668,7 -8685,7 +8702,7 @@@ msgstr " "un período largo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3622 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@@ -8686,7 -8703,7 +8720,7 @@@ msgstr " "de DOIs para datos de investigación." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3628 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@@ -8701,7 -8718,7 +8735,7 @@@ msgstr " "CC BY (Atribución) para figuras, videos y conjuntos de datos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3633 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@@ -8715,7 -8732,7 +8749,7 @@@ msgstr " "ellos también lo utilizaran." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3640 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@@ -8732,7 -8749,7 +8766,7 @@@ msgstr " "utilizadas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3646 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@@ -8746,7 -8763,7 +8780,7 @@@ msgstr " "modelo de negocios del tipo freemium." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3656 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@@ -8769,7 -8786,7 +8803,7 @@@ msgstr " "Nosotros simplemente nos aseguramos de que persista.\"" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3664 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@@ -8789,7 -8806,7 +8823,7 @@@ msgstr " "proveyera esa funcionalidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3676 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@@ -8805,7 -8822,7 +8839,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3684 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@@ -8817,7 -8834,7 +8851,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3692 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@@ -8829,7 -8846,7 +8863,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3703 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@@ -8843,7 -8860,7 +8877,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3711 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@@ -8855,7 -8872,7 +8889,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3718 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@@ -8866,7 -8883,7 +8900,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3727 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@@ -8879,7 -8896,7 +8913,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3737 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@@ -8892,7 -8909,7 +8926,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3747 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@@ -8905,7 -8922,7 +8939,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3754 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@@ -8915,7 -8932,7 +8949,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3766 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@@ -8930,65 -8947,65 +8964,65 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3772 #, fuzzy msgid "" "figshare.com/articles/Journal\\_subscription\\_costs\\_FOIs\\_to\\_UK" "\\_universities/1186832" msgstr "" -"figshare.com/articles/Journal\\_subscription\\_costs\\_FOIs\\_to\\_UK\\" -"_universities/1186832" +"figshare.com/articles/Journal\\_subscription\\_costs\\_FOIs\\_to\\_UK" +"\\_universities/1186832" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3772 msgid "" "retr0.shinyapps.io/journal\\_costs/?" "year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136" msgstr "" -"retr0.shinyapps.io/journal\\" -"_costs/?year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136" +"retr0.shinyapps.io/journal\\_costs/?" +"year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3772 msgid "figshare.com/features" msgstr "figshare.com/features" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774 msgid "## Figure.NZ" msgstr "## Figure.NZ" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3778 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New Zealand." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3780 msgid "figure.nz" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3783 msgid "" "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators, donations, " "sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3785 msgid "Interview date: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3787 msgid "Interviewee: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3806 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,1 Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace " @@@ -9008,7 -9025,7 +9042,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3815 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@@ -9021,7 -9038,7 +9055,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3829 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3827 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@@ -9036,7 -9053,7 +9070,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3842 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@@ -9054,7 -9071,7 +9088,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3856 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@@ -9071,7 -9088,7 +9105,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3867 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@@ -9086,7 -9103,7 +9120,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3884 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@@ -9106,7 -9123,7 +9140,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3889 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@@ -9115,7 -9132,7 +9149,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3902 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@@ -9132,7 -9149,7 +9166,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3913 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@@ -9147,7 -9164,7 +9181,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3919 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@@ -9157,7 -9174,7 +9191,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3923 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.4 Patrons donate to topic areas they care about, " "directly enabling Figure.NZ to get data together to flesh out those areas. " @@@ -9165,7 -9182,7 +9199,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3928 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@@ -9174,7 -9191,7 +9208,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3938 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@@ -9188,7 -9205,7 +9222,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3947 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@@ -9200,7 -9217,7 +9234,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3961 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3959 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@@ -9215,7 -9232,7 +9249,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3967 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We " @@@ -9226,7 -9243,7 +9260,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3971 msgid "" "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@@ -9234,7 -9251,7 +9268,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3975 msgid "" "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@@ -9242,7 -9259,7 +9276,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3985 msgid "" "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@@ -9255,7 -9272,7 +9289,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3991 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@@ -9264,7 -9281,7 +9298,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3999 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people analyze " "what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@@ -9275,7 -9292,7 +9309,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4006 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@@ -9285,35 -9302,35 +9319,35 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4013 msgid "" "www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF\\_harness-the-power.pdf" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4013 msgid "" "www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/new-zealand-" "government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4013 msgid "figure.nz/business/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4013 msgid "figure.nz/patrons/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015 msgid "## Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4019 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@@ -9321,27 -9338,27 +9355,27 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4021 msgid "knowledgeunlatched.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4023 msgid "Revenue model: crowdfunding (specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4025 msgid "Interview date: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4027 msgid "Interviewee: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4043 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@@ -9358,7 -9375,7 +9392,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4048 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@@ -9367,7 -9384,7 +9401,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4053 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@@ -9376,7 -9393,7 +9410,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4067 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@@ -9394,7 -9411,7 +9428,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4074 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@@ -9405,7 -9422,7 +9439,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@@ -9416,7 -9433,7 +9450,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4088 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@@ -9426,7 -9443,7 +9460,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4097 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@@ -9439,35 -9456,35 +9473,35 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4100 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4118 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4118 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4118 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4118 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@@ -9476,7 -9493,7 +9510,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4118 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@@ -9484,7 -9501,7 +9518,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '6. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4118 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@@ -9492,7 -9509,7 +9526,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4126 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@@ -9504,7 -9521,7 +9538,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4135 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.4 Most books have been licensed with CC BY-NC or CC " @@@ -9517,7 -9534,7 +9551,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4145 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@@ -9530,7 -9547,7 +9564,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4158 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@@ -9546,7 -9563,7 +9580,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4163 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@@ -9554,7 -9571,7 +9588,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4171 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@@ -9566,7 -9583,7 +9600,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4175 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@@ -9574,7 -9591,7 +9608,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4179 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@@ -9582,7 -9599,7 +9616,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4187 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "\\$5,000 to \\$50,000. A good one costs in the \\$10,000 to \\$15,000 range. " @@@ -9594,7 -9611,7 +9628,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4196 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@@ -9606,7 -9623,7 +9640,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4205 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@@ -9618,7 -9635,7 +9652,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many " "of the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@@ -9628,7 -9645,7 +9662,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4222 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@@ -9642,14 -9659,14 +9676,14 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4225 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4234 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@@ -9662,7 -9679,7 +9696,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4243 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@@ -9675,64 -9692,64 +9709,64 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4251 msgid "www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward\\_an\\_Open.pdf" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4251 msgid "www.oapen.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4251 msgid "www.hathitrust.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4251 msgid "collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4251 msgid "www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253 msgid "## Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4256 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4258 msgid "lumenlearning.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4260 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4262 msgid "Interview date: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4264 msgid "Interviewees: David Wiley and Kim Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4286 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@@ -9755,7 -9772,7 +9789,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4295 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@@ -9767,7 -9784,7 +9801,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4303 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@@ -9778,7 -9795,7 +9812,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4309 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@@ -9788,7 -9805,7 +9822,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4323 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4321 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@@ -9803,33 -9820,33 +9837,33 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4330 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4330 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4330 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4330 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4336 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@@ -9839,7 -9856,7 +9873,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4342 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@@ -9849,7 -9866,7 +9883,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4348 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@@ -9858,7 -9875,7 +9892,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4355 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@@ -9869,7 -9886,7 +9903,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4370 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@@ -9887,7 -9904,7 +9921,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4379 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@@ -9900,7 -9917,7 +9934,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4389 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. " "The open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from " @@@ -9913,7 -9930,7 +9947,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4397 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4395 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@@ -9923,7 -9940,7 +9957,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4404 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@@ -9936,7 -9953,7 +9970,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4412 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@@ -9946,7 -9963,7 +9980,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4423 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@@ -9960,7 -9977,7 +9994,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4431 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@@ -9972,7 -9989,7 +10006,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4440 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@@ -9984,7 -10001,7 +10018,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4447 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@@ -9995,7 -10012,7 +10029,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4456 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@@ -10008,7 -10025,7 +10042,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4463 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@@ -10019,7 -10036,7 +10053,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4468 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@@ -10028,7 -10045,7 +10062,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4478 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@@ -10041,7 -10058,7 +10075,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4486 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@@ -10053,34 -10070,34 +10087,34 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4490 msgid "lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4492 msgid "## Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4495 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the “Song " "A Day” guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4497 msgid "jonathanmann.net and" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4499 msgid "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4503 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for custom services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for in-person version (speaking engagements " @@@ -10088,12 -10105,12 +10122,12 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4505 msgid "Interview date: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4517 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as “hustling”—seizing nearly " "every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income comes from " @@@ -10106,7 -10123,7 +10140,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4526 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@@ -10119,7 -10136,7 +10153,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4531 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful “hustling” is also about old-fashioned persistence. He " "is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song each day. He " @@@ -10128,7 -10145,7 +10162,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4539 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@@ -10140,7 -10157,7 +10174,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4553 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@@ -10157,7 -10174,7 +10191,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4560 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@@ -10168,7 -10185,7 +10202,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4567 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super simple " "to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a heartfelt, " @@@ -10179,7 -10196,7 +10213,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4574 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@@ -10189,7 -10206,7 +10223,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4582 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@@ -10201,7 -10218,7 +10235,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4588 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@@ -10211,7 -10228,7 +10245,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4596 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. “I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a really " @@@ -10223,7 -10240,7 +10257,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4606 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@@ -10236,7 -10253,7 +10270,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4620 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@@ -10252,7 -10269,7 +10286,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4626 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@@ -10261,7 -10278,7 +10295,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4636 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@@ -10275,7 -10292,7 +10309,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4643 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@@ -10286,7 -10303,7 +10320,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4649 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@@ -10296,7 -10313,7 +10330,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4656 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He " "is constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his " @@@ -10306,7 -10323,7 +10340,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4660 msgid "" "“Success feels like it’s over,” he said. “To a certain extent, a creative " "person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied because then so much " @@@ -10314,12 -10331,12 +10348,12 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4662 msgid "## Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4666 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@@ -10327,27 -10344,27 +10361,27 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4668 msgid "thenounproject.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4670 msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4672 msgid "Interview date: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4674 msgid "Interviewee: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4680 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@@ -10355,7 -10372,7 +10389,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4687 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@@ -10366,7 -10383,7 +10400,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4693 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@@ -10376,7 -10393,7 +10410,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4700 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@@ -10386,7 -10403,7 +10420,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4708 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@@ -10398,7 -10415,7 +10432,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4714 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@@ -10408,7 -10425,7 +10442,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4722 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@@ -10419,7 -10436,7 +10453,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4727 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@@ -10428,7 -10445,7 +10462,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4739 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@@ -10443,7 -10460,7 +10477,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4748 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@@ -10455,7 -10472,7 +10489,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4754 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@@ -10465,7 -10482,7 +10499,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4766 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost \\$1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added " @@@ -10481,7 -10498,7 +10515,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4777 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@@ -10496,7 -10513,7 +10530,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4781 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@@ -10504,7 -10521,7 +10538,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4790 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@@ -10517,7 -10534,7 +10551,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4795 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.2 They tend to over communicate with creators about it because " @@@ -10525,7 -10542,7 +10559,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4801 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@@ -10534,7 -10551,7 +10568,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4813 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can use " "Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@@ -10549,7 -10566,7 +10583,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4819 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@@ -10559,7 -10576,7 +10593,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4824 msgid "" "For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual language” " "is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their stated mission. It " @@@ -10567,7 -10584,7 +10601,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4831 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@@ -10578,7 -10595,7 +10612,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4836 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@@ -10587,7 -10604,7 +10621,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4844 msgid "" "Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community " "around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat for you " @@@ -10599,7 -10616,7 +10633,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4851 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4849 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@@ -10608,7 -10625,7 +10642,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4857 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.2 In partnership with a sponsoring organization, the Noun Project " @@@ -10620,7 -10637,7 +10654,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4865 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@@ -10632,29 -10649,29 +10666,29 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4871 msgid "" "www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-" "visual-sy/description" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4871 msgid "thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/\\#getting\\_paid" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4871 msgid "thenounproject.com/iconathon/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873 msgid "## Open Data Institute" msgstr "## Open Data Institute" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4877 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@@ -10662,29 -10679,29 +10696,29 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4879 msgid "theodi.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4882 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant and government funding, charging for custom services, " "donations" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4884 msgid "Interview date: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4886 msgid "Interviewee: Jeni Tennison, technical director" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4896 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@@ -10696,7 -10713,7 +10730,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4906 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@@ -10710,7 -10727,7 +10744,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4912 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@@ -10720,29 -10737,29 +10754,29 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4919 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4919 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4919 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4919 msgid "show how open data can improve public services.1" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4929 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4927 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@@ -10753,7 -10770,7 +10787,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4933 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@@ -10763,7 -10780,7 +10797,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4939 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@@ -10773,7 -10790,7 +10807,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4946 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@@ -10783,14 -10800,14 +10817,14 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4949 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4962 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4960 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@@ -10805,7 -10822,7 +10839,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4972 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@@ -10820,7 -10837,7 +10854,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4980 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@@ -10831,7 -10848,7 +10865,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4987 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@@ -10841,7 -10858,7 +10875,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4994 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@@ -10852,13 -10869,13 +10886,13 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4997 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5012 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@@ -10866,7 -10883,7 +10900,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5012 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@@ -10876,7 -10893,7 +10910,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5012 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@@ -10885,7 -10902,7 +10919,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5020 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@@ -10896,7 -10913,7 +10930,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5030 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@@ -10909,7 -10926,7 +10943,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5036 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5034 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@@ -10917,7 -10934,7 +10951,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5042 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@@ -10928,7 -10945,7 +10962,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5048 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@@ -10938,7 -10955,7 +10972,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@@ -10947,7 -10964,7 +10981,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5058 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@@ -10956,7 -10973,7 +10990,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5074 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@@ -10975,7 -10992,7 +11009,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5078 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@@ -10983,7 -11000,7 +11017,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@@ -10992,68 -11009,68 +11026,68 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: 5,0805" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5099 msgid "" "e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-" "business-plan-may-release.pdf" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5099 msgid "directory.theodi.org/members" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5099 msgid "" "theodi.org/odi-startup-programme; theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5099 msgid "certificates.theodi.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5099 msgid "dashboards.theodi.org/company/all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101 msgid "## OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5105 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@@ -11061,28 -11078,28 +11095,28 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5107 msgid "www.opendesk.cc" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5111 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7059 msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5111 msgid "Interview date: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5113 msgid "Interviewees: Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5120 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@@ -11091,7 -11108,7 +11125,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5135 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@@ -11109,7 -11126,7 +11143,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5141 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@@ -11118,7 -11135,7 +11152,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5151 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@@ -11131,7 -11148,7 +11165,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5157 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@@ -11141,7 -11158,7 +11175,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5161 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@@ -11149,7 -11166,7 +11183,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5167 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@@ -11159,7 -11176,7 +11193,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5172 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@@ -11168,7 -11185,7 +11202,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5177 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@@ -11177,7 -11194,7 +11211,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@@ -11189,7 -11206,7 +11223,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5194 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@@ -11201,7 -11218,7 +11235,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5198 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@@ -11209,14 -11226,14 +11243,14 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5201 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@@ -11224,14 -11241,14 +11258,14 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@@ -11239,7 -11256,7 +11273,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@@ -11248,14 -11265,14 +11282,14 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@@ -11264,17 -11281,17 +11298,17 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223 msgid "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)3" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5234 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@@ -11287,34 -11304,34 +11321,34 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5242 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5242 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5242 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5242 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5242 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5247 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to Nick " "and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@@ -11322,7 -11339,7 +11356,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5254 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@@ -11332,7 -11349,7 +11366,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5262 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@@ -11343,7 -11360,7 +11377,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5268 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as “open making”: " "“Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs and " @@@ -11353,7 -11370,7 +11387,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5274 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@@ -11363,7 -11380,7 +11397,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5282 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the “open making” business model. They’re engaging thought " @@@ -11375,7 -11392,7 +11409,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5288 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@@ -11385,29 -11402,29 +11419,29 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5291 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5293 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5296 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5296 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5300 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@@ -11415,28 -11432,28 +11449,28 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5309 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5309 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5309 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5318 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@@ -11448,7 -11465,7 +11482,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5324 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@@ -11458,7 -11475,7 +11492,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5329 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@@ -11466,32 -11483,32 +11500,32 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5336 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/designers" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5336 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5336 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5336 msgid "openmaking.is" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338 msgid "## OpenStax" msgstr "## OpenStax" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5342 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@@ -11502,12 -11519,12 +11536,12 @@@ msgstr " "demanda y cursos de posicionamiento avanzado. Fundado en 2012 en los EUA." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5344 msgid "www.openstaxcollege.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5347 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant funding, charging for custom services, charging for " "physical copies (textbook sales)" @@@ -11516,17 -11533,17 +11550,17 @@@ msgstr " "por copias físicas (ventas de libros de texto)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5349 msgid "Interview date: December 16, 2015" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: Diciembre 16,2015" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5351 msgid "Interviewee: David Harris, editor-in-chief" msgstr "Entrevistado: David Harris, Editor en Jefe" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5364 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@@ -11550,7 -11567,7 +11584,7 @@@ msgstr " "cualquier momento— sin costo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5373 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@@ -11572,7 -11589,7 +11606,7 @@@ msgstr " "OpenStax College, ahora simplemente OpenStax." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5383 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@@ -11596,7 -11613,7 +11630,7 @@@ msgstr " "fácil adopción por parte de los estudiantes y profesores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5392 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@@ -11616,7 -11633,7 +11650,7 @@@ msgstr " "de ventas!" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5400 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@@ -11625,8 -11642,8 +11659,8 @@@ "appealing. OpenStax encourages students to talk to their professor and " "librarians about these textbooks and to advocate for their use." msgstr "" -"Los libros de texto de OpenStax todos son licenciados con Attribution (CC BY)" -", y cada libro de texto esta disponible como PDF, e-book, o página web. " +"Los libros de texto de OpenStax todos son licenciados con Attribution (CC " +"BY), y cada libro de texto esta disponible como PDF, e-book, o página web. " "Aquellos que deseen una copia física pueden comprar uno por un precio " "asequible. Dado el costo de la educación y las deudas estudiantiles en Norte " "America, los libros sin costo o de bajo costo son muy atractivos. OpenStax " @@@ -11634,7 -11651,7 +11668,7 @@@ "acerca de estos libros de texto y que promuevan su uso." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5407 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@@ -11650,7 -11667,7 +11684,7 @@@ msgstr " "adecúe a sus necesidades." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5412 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@@ -11664,7 -11681,7 +11698,7 @@@ msgstr " "clave, y más." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5417 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@@ -11679,7 -11696,7 +11713,7 @@@ msgstr " "sus libros de texto. 2" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5422 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@@ -11692,7 -11709,7 +11726,7 @@@ msgstr " "red extensiva de asociados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5431 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@@ -11713,7 -11730,7 +11747,7 @@@ msgstr " "inversión filantrópica." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5440 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@@ -11723,9 -11740,18 +11757,18 @@@ "physics problems, with problem-specific feedback, detailed solutions, and " "tutorial support. WebAssign resources are available to students for a fee." msgstr "" + "Sin embargo, las operaciones en curso no estarán soportadas por donaciones " + "de las fundaciones sino en fondos recibidos a través de un ecosistema de más " + "de cuarenta participantes, en donde un participante toma el contenido " + "principal de OpenStax y agrega características de las cuales se pueda obtner " + "ingresos. Por ejemplo, WebAssign, una herramienta de evaluación y tareas en " + "linea, toma en libro de física y agrega problemas de física generados " + "algorítmicamente, con retroalimentación específica del problema, soluciones " + "detalladas y un tutorial de apoyo. Los recursos de WebAssign estan " + "disponibles a los alumnos por una cuota." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5448 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@@ -11735,9 -11761,16 +11778,16 @@@ "published revisions of their titles, such as Introduction to Sociology 2e, " "using these funds." msgstr "" + "Otro ejemplo es Odigia, que transformó los libros de OpenStax en una " + "experiencia interactiva y creó herramientas adicionales para la medición y " + "promoción del compromiso estudiantil. Odigia licencia sus plataforma de " + "aprendizaje a las intituciones. Participantes como Odigia y WebAssign dan un " + "porcentaje de los ingresos obtenidos a OpenStax, como cuotas de soporte al " + "proyecto. OpenStax ha públicado revisiones de sus titulos, tales como " + "Introducción a la Sociología 2da Ed, usando estos fondos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5458 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@@ -11748,9 -11781,18 +11798,18 @@@ "free publicity and marketing. OpenStax doesn’t have a sales force; partners " "are out there showcasing their materials." msgstr "" + "En la visión de David, este acercamiento permite al mercado operar con " + "eficiencia máxima. Los participantes de OpenStax no tienen que preocuparse " + "de desarrollar contenido para los libros de texto, liberandolos de los " + "costos de ese desarrollo y permitiendoles enfocarse en lo que ellos hacen " + "mejor. Con los libros de texto sin costo de OpenStax, pueden proporcionar " + "sus servicios a bajo costo—no gratuitamente, pero ahorrando dinero a los " + "estudiantes. OpenStax no solo se beneficia recibiendo cuotas de soporte sino " + "tambien a través de publicidad gratuita y mercadeo. OpenStax no tiene una " + "fuerza de ventas; sus participantes estan afuera mostrando sus materiales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5464 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@@ -11758,9 -11800,14 +11817,14 @@@ "like OpenStax in comparison with incumbents. David looks forward to sharing " "these findings with the community." msgstr "" + "El costo de ventas para atraer un estudiante es muy bajo para OpenStax y es " + "una facción de lo que enfrentan los participantes tradicionales del mercado. " + "Este año, Tyton Partners está evluando los costos de ventas para un esfuerzo " + "OER parecido a OpenStax en comparación con los inconvenientes. David espera " + "compartir estos hallazgos con la comunidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5473 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@@ -11770,9 -11817,18 +11834,18 @@@ "cost. OpenStax keeps the prices low but does aim to earn a small margin on " "each book sold, which also contributes to ongoing operations." msgstr "" + "Mientras que los libros de OpenStax estan disponibles enlinea, muchos " + "estudiantes todavia quieren una copia impresa. A través de una asociación " + "con una compañía de mensajeria e impresiones, OpenStax ofrece una solución " + "completa que es escalable. OpenStax vende cientos de libros impresos. El " + "precio de un libro de texto de sociología es cercano a los 28 dolares, una " + "fracción de lo que usualmente cuesta un libro de texto de sociología. " + "OpenStax mantiene los precios bajos pero también desea ganar un margen " + "pequeño de cada libro vendido, lo cual también contribuye a las operaciones " + "corrientes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5484 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@@ -11785,9 -11841,20 +11858,20 @@@ "This is working well, since the sell-through of their print titles is " "virtually a hundred percent." msgstr "" + "Las librerías ubicadas en los campus son parte de la solución de OpenStax. " + "OpenStax colabora con la NACSCORP ( Asociación Nacional de la Corporación de " + "Tiendas de Colegio) para proporcionar una versión impresa de sus libros de " + "texto en las tiendas. Mientras que el costo total de los libros de texto es " + "significativamente menor que uno tradicional, las librerias todavia pueden " + "tener ganacias en su venta. Algunas veces los estudiantes usan los ahorros " + "que tuvieron al comprar libros de texto de precios reducidos para comprar " + "otras cosas en las librerias. Además OpenStax está intentando romper con el " + "comportamiento costoso de los retornos excesivos de libros al tener un " + "política no retornable. Esto funciona bien, ya que la venta de sus títulos " + "impresos es prácticamente del cien por ciento." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5491 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0? " "Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally funded " @@@ -11796,9 -11863,16 +11880,16 @@@ "It’s therefore difficult to show payback over a time scale that is " "reasonable." msgstr "" + "David piensa acerca del modelo de OpenStax como «OER 2.0». Entonces, ¿ qué " + "es OER 1.0 ? históricamente en el campo de los OER, muchas iniciativas OER " + "han sido financiadas localmente por instituciones o por ministerios " + "gubernamentales. En la visión de David, esto resulta en contenido que tiene " + "un alto valor local pero que es infrecuantemente adoptado a escala nacional. " + "Entonces se vuelve difícil mostrar la restitución sobre una escala de tiempo " + "que sea razonable." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5502 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@@ -11810,9 -11884,19 +11901,19 @@@ "the publisher released the rights back to the authors. The second model is " "to develop a book from scratch, a good example being their biology book." msgstr "" + "OER 2.0 es acerca de los OER que se pretende que sean usados y adoptados a " + "escala nacional desde el principio. Esto require mayores donaciones pero se " + "observa su valia a través de una adopción geográfica amplia. Los procesos de " + "los OER 2.0 para OpenStax involucran dos modelos de desarrollo. El primero " + "es lo que David llama el modelo de adquisición, donde OpenStax compra los " + "derechos de una editorial o un autor de un libro ya publicado y entonces se " + "le revisa extensivamente. El libro de física de OpenStax, por ejemplo, fue " + "licenciado de un autor después de que la editorial liberó de regreso los " + "derechos a los autores. El segundo modelo es desarrollar un libro desde " + "cero, un buen ejemplo es su libro de biología." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5517 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@@ -11829,9 -11913,24 +11930,24 @@@ "it goes into production and through a final proofread. The whole process is " "very time-consuming." msgstr "" + "El proceso es similar para ambos modelos. Primero ellos observan el alcance " + "y la secuencia de los libros de texto existentes. ¿ Preguntan de la manera " + "en la que necesita el usuario ? ¿ Dónde estan teniendo dificultades ? " + "Después identifican autores potenciales y los pasan a través de evaluaciones " + "rigurosas—únicamente uno de cada diez autores logran pasar. OpenStax " + "selecciona un equipo de autores quienes trabajan juntos para desarrollar un " + "patrón para un capítulo y colectivamente escriben el primer esbozo. ( o lo " + "revisan, en el modelo adquisitivo ). (OpenStax no hace libros con un solo " + "autor, como dice David esto pone en riesgo al proyecto de tener una duración " + "mayo a la calendarizada.) El esbozo es revisado por pares con no menos de " + "tres revisores por capítulo. Un segundo borrador es generado, con artistas " + "produciendo ilustraciones para acompañar al texto. Entonces el libro se " + "edita para garantizar una corrección gramatical y una voz. Finalmente, pasa " + "a producción y a través de la corrección de estilo. El proceso completo es " + "muy laborioso." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5526 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@@ -11841,9 -11940,17 +11957,17 @@@ "authors do better under the OER 2.0 model, as there is no risk to them and " "they earn all the money up front." msgstr "" + "A toda la gente involucrada en este proceso se le paga. OpenStax depende de " + "los voluntarios. Escritores, revisores, ilustradores, y editores reciben un " + "pago inicial—OpenStax no utiliza un modelo de regalías. Un autor con ventas " + "amplias podría hacer más dinero bajo el modelo tradicional de publicaciones, " + "pero eso es posiblemente solo el 5 por ciento de los autores. Desde la " + "perspectiva de David, el 95 por ciento de los autores lo hace mejor bajo el " + "modelo OER 2.0, donde no hay riesgo para ellos y ellos ganan todo el dinero " + "por adelantado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5534 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation license.” " "It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their textbooks in " @@@ -11852,9 -11959,16 +11976,16 @@@ "OpenStax sees a lot of customization of their materials. By enabling " "frictionless remixing, CC BY gives teachers control and academic freedom." msgstr "" + "David piensa de la licencia Attribution (CC BY) como la «licencia de " + "innovación». Es fundamental para la misión de OpenStax, permitiendole a la " + "gente usar sus libros de texto de maneras innovadoras sin tener que pedir " + "permiso. Libera al mercado y ha sido central para que OpenStax pueda atraer " + "participantes. OpenStax genera mucha personalización en sus materiales. Al " + "permitir combinaciones sin restricciones, la licencia CC BY da a los " + "profesore el control y libertad académica." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5543 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@@ -11864,54 -11978,77 +11995,77 @@@ "and shared over and over again. CC BY changes the rules of engagement and " "takes advantage of traditional market inefficiencies." msgstr "" + "Usar la licencia CC BY también es un buen ejemplo de usar estrategias que " + "las editoriales tradicionales no pueden. Las editoriales tradicionales " + "dependen del copyright para impedir que otros hagan copias de su trabajo y " + "realizan fuertes inversiones en el manejo de los derechos digitales para " + "asegurarse que sus libros no sean compartidos. Al usar licencias CC BY, " + "OpenStax evita tener que lidiar con la gestión de los derechos digitales y " + "los costos que implica. Los libros de OpenStax pueden ser copiados y " + "compartidos una y otra vez. La licencia CC BY cambia las reglas del " + "compromiso y toma ventaja de las ineficiencias del mercado tradicional." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5546 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" + "Hasta el 16 de septiembre de 2016, OpenStax había alcanzado algunos " + "resultados impresionantes. De la hoja de datos de «OpenStax en un vistazo» " + "de su reciente material para la prensa:" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5555 msgid "Books published: 23" - msgstr "" + msgstr "Libros publicados: 23" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5555 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" - msgstr "" + msgstr "Estudiantes que han usado OpenStax: 1.6 millones" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5555 msgid "Money saved for students: \\$155 million" - msgstr "" + msgstr "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes: \\$ 155 millones" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5555 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: \\$77 million" msgstr "" + "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes en el ciclo académico 2016-17: \\$77 " + "millones" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5555 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " "are two-year colleges, 835 four-year colleges and universities, and 344 " "colleges and universities outside the U.S.)" msgstr "" + "Escuelas que han usado OpenStax:2,668 (Este número refleja todas las " + "instituciones que han usado al menos un libro de texto de OpenStax. Fuera de " + "las 2,668 escuelas, 517 son colegios de dos años, 835 colegios de cuatro " + "años y universidades, y 344 colegios y universidades fuera de los E.U.A.)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5560 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " "math (STEM) fields. Large scale adoption in the United States is seen as a " "necessary precursor to international interest." msgstr "" + "Si bien hasta ahora OpenStax se ha enfoncado en los Estados Unidos, fuera de " + "sus fronteras hay adopción especialmente en los campos de la ciencia, " + "tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas (STEM). La adopción a gran escala en " + "los Estados Unidos se ve como un precursor necesario para el interes " + "internacional." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5566 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@@ -11919,9 -12056,15 +12073,15 @@@ "terrific if OpenStax could provide access to free textbooks through the " "entire curriculum of a nursing degree, for example." msgstr "" + "OpenStax se ha dirigido principalmente a los cursos de nivel introductorio " + "colegial, donde hay una gran matrícula, pero estan comenzando a pensar en " + "los cursos verticales—una clara oferta para un grupo específico o una " + "necesidad. David piensa que sería increíble si OpenStax pudiera proveer " + "acceso a libros de texto sin costo a través del plan curricular de la " + "carrera de enfermería, por ejemplo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5576 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@@ -11932,65 -12075,86 +12092,86 @@@ "an open business model based on Creative Commons, OpenStax is making it " "possible for every student who wants access to education to get it." msgstr "" + "Finalmente, para OpenStax el exito no es únicamente acerca de la adopción de " + "sus libros de texto y los ahorros estudiantiles. Hay un aspecto humano en el " + "trabajo que es difícil de medir pero que es increíblemente importante. Han " + "recibido correos electrónicos de estudiantes comentando cómo OpenStax los ha " + "salvado de tomar decisiones difíciles, como elegir entre comprar comida o un " + "libro de texto. OpenStax quisiera evaluar el impacto que sus libros tienen " + "en la eficiencia en el aprendizaje, la persistencia y su terminación. Al " + "construir un modelo de negocios abierto basado en Creative Commons, OpenStax " + "hace posible para cada estudiante que quiere acceder a la educación, " + "alcanzarla." #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5581 msgid "" "news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5581 msgid "openstax.org/adopters" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5583 msgid "## Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5585 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." - msgstr "" + msgstr "Amanda Palmer es música, artista, y escritora. Vive en los E.U.A." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5587 msgid "amandapalmer.net" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5591 msgid "" "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, " "charging for physical copies (book and album sales), charg-ing for in-person " "version (performances), selling merchandise" msgstr "" + "Modelo de ingresos: financiamiento comunitario (en base a subscripciones), " + "paga-lo-que-quieras, cobros por copias físicas ( libros y venta de álbums), " + "cobros para versiones en vivo (performances), venta de mercancia" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5593 msgid "Interview date: December 15, 2015" - msgstr "" + msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: Diciembre 15, 2015" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5599 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new ways to " "sustain her creative work. 1" msgstr "" + "Desde el principio de su carrera, Amanda Palmer ha estado en lo que ella " + "llama «un viaje sin mapa», continuamente experimentando para encontrar " + "nuevas vias de continuar su trabajo creativo. 1" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5605 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . . . in " "which the artist can share freely and directly feel the reverberations of " "their artistic gifts to the community, and make a living doing that.”" msgstr "" + "En su libro best-seller, The Art of Asking, Amanda comenta exactamente que " + "ha sido y que continua esforzandose por ser—«el punto justo ideal … en " + "donde el artista puede compartir libremente y sentir directamente las " + "reverberaciones de sus regalos artisticos a la comunidad, y vivir de eso " + "haciendolo.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5612 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@@ -11999,9 -12163,16 +12180,16 @@@ "you’ve got a bunch of confused artists wondering how to make money to buy " "food so we can make more art.”" msgstr "" + "Mientras parece que ella tuvo exito al encontrar ese punto justo para sí " + "misma, Amanda es la primera en reconocer que hay soluciones milagrosas. " + "Ella piensa que la era digital es al mismo tiempo un periodo excitante y " + "frustrante para los creadores. «De un lado, tenermos esta bella capacidad de " + "compartir», dijo Amanda.«Del otro, tienes un monto de artistas confundidos " + "pensando como hacer dinero para comprar comida de tal manera que puedan " + "seguir haciendo arte.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5624 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@@ -12014,9 -12185,22 +12202,22 @@@ "to make it worth coming back the next day, enough people to help me make " "rent and put food on the table. Enough so I could keep making art.”" msgstr "" + "Amanda comenzó su carrera artística como una interprete callejera. Se vestia " + "con un vestido de novia antiguo, se pintó la cara de blanco, se apoyaba en " + "una pila de cajas de leche, y obsequiaba flores a los extraños como parte de " + "un performance dramático silente. Recolectaba dinero con un sombrero. Mucha " + "gente pasaba a su lado sin detenerse, pero unos pocos se sintieron " + "inclinados a detenerse a observar y depositar algún dinero en su sombrero " + "para mostrarle su aprecio. En lugar de obsesionarse con la mayoría de las " + "personas que la ignoraron, ella se sintió agradecida por aquellos que se " + "detuvieron. «Todo lo que necesitaba eran … algunas personas», escribió en su " + "libro. «Suficiente gente. Suficiente gente para hacerlo valer la pena volver " + "al dia siguiente, sufientes personas que me ayudaran a hacerlo rentable y " + "poner comida en la mesa. Suficientes de tal manera que pudiera seguir " + "haciendo arte.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5633 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach “her crowd” " @@@ -12026,9 -12210,17 +12227,17 @@@ "no interest in Amanda’s view of success. They wanted hits, but making music " "for the masses was never what Amanda and the Dresden Dolls set out to do." msgstr "" + "Amanda ha transitado una larga jornada desde sus dias de artista callejero, " + "pero su carrera continua dominada por el mismo sentimiento—encontrar vias " + "para alcanzar «su público» y sentir gratitud cuando ella lo logra. Con sus " + "banda the Dresden Dolls, Amanda intentó el camino tradicional de cantar con " + "una disquera. No funció por una variedad de razones, pero una de ellas fue " + "que la disquera no tenía interes alguno en la visión de Amanda del exito. " + "Ellos querían exitos de ventas, pero hacer música para las masas nunca fué " + "lo que Amanda y the Dresden Dolls querían hacer." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5643 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@@ -12039,9 -12231,18 +12248,18 @@@ "project started with a goal of \\$100,000, and she made \\$1.2 million. It " "remains one of the most successful Kickstarter projects of all time." msgstr "" + "Despues de dejar a la disquera en 2008, comenzó a experimentar con " + "diferentes vias de hacer un ingreso. Liberó música directamente al público " + "sin involucrar a un intermediario, proveyó archivos digitales en un modelo «" + "paga lo que quieras» además de vender CDs y viniles. También ganó dinero al " + "realizar performances en vivo y venta de mercancias. Finalmente, en 2012 " + "decidió intentar el tipo de financiamiento comunitario que conocemos bien el " + "dia de hoy. Su proyecto kickstarter comenzó con una meta de \\$100,000, y " + "ella logró \\$1.2 millones. Es uno de los más exitosos proyectos de " + "kickstarter de todos los tiempos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5653 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@@ -12052,9 -12253,17 +12270,17 @@@ "thing” basis. All of the content she makes is made freely available under an " "Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" + "En el presente, Amanda se ha alejado del financiamiento colectivo para " + "proyectos específicos y en lugar de eso obtener un soporte financiero " + "consistente de su base de fans en Patreon, un sitio de financiamiento " + "comunitario que permite a los artistas obtener donaciones recurrentes de sus " + "fans. Más de ocho mil personas han firmando parar apoyarla de manera que " + "pueda crear música, arte, y cualquier otra «cosa» creativa que ella este " + "inspirada a hacer. Todo el contenido que ella crear se hace disponible sin " + "costo bajo la licencia Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5668 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@@ -12071,9 -12280,24 +12297,24 @@@ "they had been doing all along. The NonCommercial licenses were a natural " "fit." msgstr "" + "Hacere su arte y música disponibles bajo licencias Creative Commons sin duda " + "limita sus opciones en la forma que ella hace un ingreso. Pero compartir su " + "trabajo ha sido parte de su modelo desde sus inicios de su carrera, incluso " + "antes de que ella descubriera Creative Commons. Amanda cuenta que el grupo " + "the Dresden Dolls solía recibir decenas de correos electrónicos por semana " + "de sus fans preguntandoles si podían usar su música para diferentes " + "proyectos. Ellas decian que sí a todas las solicitudes, en tanto no fueran " + "para un emprendimiento con fines de lucro completamente. En ese tiempo, " + "ellas usaban un acuerdo en formato pequeño escrito por Amanda. «Hacía firmar " + "a todos el contrato y así al menos no dejaría a la banda vulnerable ante " + "alguien que depues fuera nuestra música en un anuncio de cigarrillos Camel,» " + "dijo Amanda. Una vez que ella descubrió Creative Commons, adoptar la " + "licencia fue una decisión sencilla porque les daba un medio más formal, " + "estandarizado de hacer lo que habían hecho todo el tiempo. Las licencias " + "NonCommercial fueron como hechas a la medida." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5675 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@@ -12081,9 -12305,15 +12322,15 @@@ "than seeing this sort of thing as competition, Amanda celebrates it. “We got " "into this because we wanted to share the joy of music,” she said." msgstr "" + "Amanda acepta las vias en que sus fans comparten y construyen a partir de su " + "música. En su libro, The Art of Asking, escribió que algunos de los videos " + "no oficilaes de sus fans usando su música sobrepasan en canttidad de vistas " + "a los videos oficiales en YouTube. En vez de ver esto como una competencia, " + "Amanda lo celebra. «Nos metimos en esto porque queriamos compartir el " + "disfrute de la música, » dijo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5683 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@@ -12092,9 -12322,15 +12339,15 @@@ "did most our early fans know where I lived and where we practiced, but most " "of them had also been in my kitchen,” Amanda wrote in The Art of Asking." msgstr "" + "Esto simboliza como casi todo lo que hace en su carrera está motivado por un " + "deseo de conectarse con sus fans. Al inicio de su carrera, ella y la banda " + "daban conciertos en fiestas. Al ir creciendo los encuentros, la línea entre " + "fans y amigos se desdibujo completamente. «No solamente la mayoría de " + "nuestros fans sabían donde vivia y donde practicabamos, sino la mayoría " + "habían estado en mi cosina,» escribió Amanda en The Art of Asking." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5693 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@@ -12105,9 -12341,19 +12358,19 @@@ "of her ability to connect with people is her willingness to listen. " "“Listening fast and caring immediately is a skill unto itself,” Amanda wrote." msgstr "" + "Aunque ahora que la base de admiradores es amplia y global, ella continúa " + "buscando este tipo de conexión humana con sus fans. Busca el contacto cara-a-" + "cara con sus adeptos en cada oportunidad que se le presenta. Su muy exitoso " + "proyecto en Kickstarter realizó cincuenta conciertos en fiestas para los " + "participantes. Ella emplea horas atendiendo la fila para autográfos después " + "del espectáculo. Ayuda que Amanda tiene el tipo de personalidad atrayente, " + "dinámica que instantaneamente atrae personas hacia ella, pero un gran " + "componente de su habilidad para conectarse con la gente es su voluntad para " + "escuchar. «Escuchar y tomar en cuenta de inmediato es una habilidad de uno " + "mismo,» escribió Amanda." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5702 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@@ -12119,7 -12365,7 +12382,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5709 msgid "" "“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable " "and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the flaws and " @@@ -12130,7 -12376,7 +12393,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5717 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@@ -12142,7 -12388,7 +12405,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5725 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@@ -12154,7 -12400,7 +12417,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5732 msgid "" "“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, " "they become your allies, your family,” she wrote. There really is a feeling " @@@ -12164,7 -12410,7 +12427,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5740 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. “I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of person " @@@ -12176,7 -12422,7 +12439,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5751 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@@ -12191,7 -12437,7 +12454,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5759 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. “It sounds so corny,” she said, “but my experience in forty " @@@ -12202,7 -12448,7 +12465,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5767 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@@ -12214,7 -12460,7 +12477,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5771 msgid "" "http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-" "uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/" @@@ -12222,12 -12468,12 +12485,12 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5773 msgid "## PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5777 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@@ -12235,29 -12481,29 +12498,29 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5779 msgid "plos.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5782 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging content creators an author processing charge to be " "featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5784 msgid "Interview date: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5786 msgid "Interviewee: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5800 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@@ -12273,7 -12519,7 +12536,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5810 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@@ -12287,7 -12533,7 +12550,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5820 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@@ -12301,7 -12547,7 +12564,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5830 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@@ -12315,7 -12561,7 +12578,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5841 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@@ -12329,7 -12575,7 +12592,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5851 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5849 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@@ -12341,7 -12587,7 +12604,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5854 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@@ -12349,7 -12595,7 +12612,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5869 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@@ -12367,7 -12613,7 +12630,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5878 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5876 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@@ -12378,7 -12624,7 +12641,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5880 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@@ -12386,7 -12632,7 +12649,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5888 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@@ -12397,7 -12643,7 +12660,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5893 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@@ -12406,7 -12652,7 +12669,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5901 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@@ -12417,7 -12663,7 +12680,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5908 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@@ -12427,7 -12673,7 +12690,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5929 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@@ -12451,7 -12697,7 +12714,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5933 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@@ -12459,7 -12705,7 +12722,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5938 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@@ -12468,7 -12714,7 +12731,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5948 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@@ -12482,7 -12728,7 +12745,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5953 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@@ -12491,7 -12737,7 +12754,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5968 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@@ -12510,7 -12756,7 +12773,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5976 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@@ -12522,7 -12768,7 +12785,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5988 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@@ -12537,7 -12783,7 +12800,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5997 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@@ -12549,7 -12795,7 +12812,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6005 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@@ -12561,7 -12807,7 +12824,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6009 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@@ -12569,22 -12815,22 +12832,22 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6014 msgid "collections.plos.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6014 msgid "plos.org/article-level-metrics" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6016 msgid "## Rijksmuseum" msgstr "## Rijksmuseum" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6019 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" @@@ -12593,27 -12839,30 +12856,27 @@@ msgstr " "historia. Fundado en 1800 en Holanda (Países Bajos)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6021 msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl" msgstr "www.rijksmuseum.nl" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6025 +#, fuzzy msgid "" -"Revenue model: grants and government funding, charging for in-person version" +"Revenue model: grants and government funding, charging for in-person version " +"(museum admission), selling merchandise" msgstr "" "Modelo de ingresos: subvenciones y financiamiento gubernamental, cobro de " "entrada" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6028 -msgid "(museum admission), selling merchandise" -msgstr "(admisión al museo), venta de mercancías" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6027 msgid "Interview date: December 11, 2015" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 11 de diciembre, 2015" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6030 msgid "" "Interviewee: Lizzy Jongma, the data manager of the collections information " "department" @@@ -12622,7 -12871,7 +12885,7 @@@ msgstr " "sobre Colecciones" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6046 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@@ -12652,7 -12901,7 +12915,7 @@@ msgstr " "modelo para el museo, más abierto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6061 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6058 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@@ -12680,7 -12929,7 +12943,7 @@@ msgstr " "un catálogo de fichas de toda la colección en línea." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6066 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@@ -12698,7 -12947,7 +12961,7 @@@ msgstr " "toda la colección en línea?" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6078 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.1 As an online portal to " @@@ -12724,7 -12973,7 +12987,7 @@@ msgstr " "debería seguir el ejemplo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6089 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@@ -12749,7 -12998,7 +13012,7 @@@ msgstr " "escolar." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6101 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@@ -12777,7 -13026,7 +13040,7 @@@ msgstr " "hacer." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6111 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@@ -12799,7 -13048,7 +13062,7 @@@ msgstr " "objetivo de eventualmente tener toda la colección en Internet." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6124 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@@ -12827,7 -13076,7 +13090,7 @@@ msgstr " "que la gente quiere verla en la vida real visitando de hecho el museo real." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6131 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@@ -12844,7 -13093,7 +13107,7 @@@ msgstr " "una forma de generar ingresos, incluso para el Rijksmuseum." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6143 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@@ -12870,7 -13119,7 +13133,7 @@@ msgstr " "proviene la imagen y esto incrementa la visibilidad del Museo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6150 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@@ -12887,7 -13136,7 +13150,7 @@@ msgstr " "pueden utilizar y hacer varias cosas con la colección del Rijksmuseum.2" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6159 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@@ -12909,7 -13158,7 +13172,7 @@@ msgstr " "quieran, para fines privados o incluso comerciales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6164 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@@ -12923,7 -13172,7 +13186,7 @@@ msgstr " "escolares." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6174 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@@ -12945,7 -13194,7 +13208,7 @@@ msgstr " "público, pero dentro de los límites establecidos por los artistas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6184 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@@ -12967,7 -13216,7 +13230,7 @@@ msgstr " "\"El cisne amenazado\".3" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6197 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.4 With the call to action Make " @@@ -12997,7 -13246,7 +13260,7 @@@ msgstr " "internacional del Premio Rijksstudio comenzó en septiembre de 2016." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6201 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@@ -13009,7 -13258,7 +13272,7 @@@ msgstr " "usuarios puedan interactuar más entre sí." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@@ -13026,7 -13275,7 +13289,7 @@@ msgstr " "mil visitas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6219 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@@ -13052,7 -13301,7 +13315,7 @@@ msgstr " "pintura." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6236 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came up " "with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things people " @@@ -13088,22 -13337,22 +13351,22 @@@ msgstr " "generosidad hace que la gente esté feliz de acompañarte y ayudarte.\"" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6246 msgid "www.europeana.eu/portal/en" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6246 msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6246 msgid "www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6246 msgid "" "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award; the 2014 award: www.rijksmuseum.nl/" "en/rijksstudio-award-2014; the 2015 award: www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-" @@@ -13114,47 -13363,47 +13377,47 @@@ msgstr " "rijksstudio-award-2015" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6246 msgid "" "www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/" "creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6248 msgid "## Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6251 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6253 msgid "www.shareable.net" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6256 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant funding, crowdfunding (project-based), donations, " "sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6258 msgid "Interview date: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6260 msgid "Interviewee: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6271 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@@ -13167,7 -13416,7 +13430,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6281 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@@ -13180,7 -13429,7 +13443,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6288 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@@ -13191,7 -13440,7 +13454,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6297 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@@ -13204,7 -13453,7 +13467,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6307 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@@ -13217,7 -13466,7 +13480,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6316 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. “We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes the " @@@ -13230,7 -13479,7 +13493,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6331 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6328 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. “Particularly in content areas that are a " @@@ -13246,7 -13495,7 +13509,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6340 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@@ -13261,7 -13510,7 +13524,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6348 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@@ -13273,7 -13522,7 +13536,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6356 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6353 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@@ -13282,7 -13531,7 +13545,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6361 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@@ -13294,7 -13543,7 +13557,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6371 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This " "is true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. “We " @@@ -13308,7 -13557,7 +13571,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6380 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@@ -13320,7 -13569,7 +13583,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6386 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@@ -13330,7 -13579,7 +13593,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6400 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@@ -13348,7 -13597,7 +13611,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6405 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-size-" @@@ -13357,12 -13606,12 +13620,12 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6407 msgid "## Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6411 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@@ -13370,27 -13619,27 +13633,27 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6413 msgid "www.siyavula.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6415 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6417 msgid "Interview date: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6419 msgid "Interviewee: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6427 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@@ -13400,7 -13649,7 +13663,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6432 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@@ -13409,7 -13658,7 +13672,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6439 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@@ -13419,7 -13668,7 +13682,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6447 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@@ -13430,7 -13679,7 +13693,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6454 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@@ -13440,7 -13689,7 +13703,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6459 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@@ -13449,7 -13698,7 +13712,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6467 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@@ -13460,7 -13709,7 +13723,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6474 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@@ -13470,7 -13719,7 +13733,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6487 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. " @@@ -13486,7 -13735,7 +13749,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6495 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@@ -13497,7 -13746,7 +13760,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6501 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@@ -13506,7 -13755,7 +13769,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6508 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They tried " "creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@@ -13517,7 -13766,7 +13780,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6515 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@@ -13527,7 -13776,7 +13790,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6523 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@@ -13538,7 -13787,7 +13801,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6534 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@@ -13552,7 -13801,7 +13815,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6539 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@@ -13561,7 -13810,7 +13824,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6547 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@@ -13572,7 -13821,7 +13835,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6555 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@@ -13583,7 -13832,7 +13846,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6562 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@@ -13594,7 -13843,7 +13857,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6567 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@@ -13603,7 -13852,7 +13866,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6574 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@@ -13614,7 -13863,7 +13877,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6584 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@@ -13627,7 -13876,7 +13890,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6592 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@@ -13638,7 -13887,7 +13901,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6598 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@@ -13648,7 -13897,7 +13911,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6604 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@@ -13658,7 -13907,7 +13921,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6612 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@@ -13670,7 -13919,7 +13933,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6619 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@@ -13681,7 -13930,7 +13944,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6628 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@@ -13694,7 -13943,7 +13957,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6636 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@@ -13706,7 -13955,7 +13969,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6643 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@@ -13716,7 -13965,7 +13979,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6652 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@@ -13729,7 -13978,7 +13992,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6657 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@@ -13738,7 -13987,7 +14001,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6664 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. " "These include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over " @@@ -13748,7 -13997,7 +14011,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6677 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@@ -13764,32 -14013,32 +14027,32 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6684 msgid "www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6684 msgid "www.capetowndeclaration.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6684 msgid "cnx.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6684 msgid "www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6686 msgid "## Sparkfun" msgstr "## Sparkfun" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6689 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@@ -13798,29 -14047,29 +14061,29 @@@ msgstr " "hardware abierto. Fundada en 2003 en Estados Unidos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6691 msgid "www.sparkfun.com" msgstr "www.sparkfun.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6693 msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" "Modelo de ingresos: cobrar por copias físicas (ventas de componentes " "electrónicos)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6695 msgid "Interview date: February 29, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: 29 de febrero de 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6697 msgid "Interviewee: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "Entrevistado: Nathan Seidle, fundador" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6705 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@@ -13835,7 -14084,7 +14098,7 @@@ msgstr " "hecha por alguien más. Su reacción fue de júbilo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6710 msgid "" "“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan said. " "“I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we were never " @@@ -13848,7 -14097,7 +14111,7 @@@ msgstr " "en el mundo.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6718 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@@ -13866,7 -14115,7 +14129,7 @@@ msgstr " "por su cuenta. Ser copiados es parte del diseño." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6726 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our " "natural human instinct to share,” he said. But he also strongly believes it " @@@ -13884,7 -14133,7 +14147,7 @@@ msgstr " "como propiedad intelectual." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6730 msgid "" "“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your territory " "with intellectual property allows you to get comfy and rest on your laurels. " @@@ -13895,7 -14144,7 +14158,7 @@@ msgstr " "laureles. Da una red de seguridad. Nosotros quitamos esa red de seguridad.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6738 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. “Our products are so much better than they were five years " @@@ -13914,7 -14163,7 +14177,7 @@@ msgstr " "nosotros, es mejor para los clientes.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6746 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@@ -13933,7 -14182,7 +14196,7 @@@ msgstr " "Nathan. «Esto es con lo que deberían competir.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6755 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@@ -13954,7 -14203,7 +14217,7 @@@ msgstr " "graduarse, empezó a hacer y vender sus propios productos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6762 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@@ -13972,7 -14221,7 +14235,7 @@@ msgstr " "para los productos que crean." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6769 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned \\$33 million in revenue. Selling " @@@ -13989,7 -14238,7 +14252,7 @@@ msgstr " "para producir placas para revender usando la marca de Arduino." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6776 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@@ -14005,7 -14254,7 +14268,7 @@@ msgstr " "tecnología es una extensión natural de su negocio central." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6780 msgid "" "“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,” Nathan said. “Our goal is to affect the lives of three " @@@ -14016,7 -14265,7 +14279,7 @@@ msgstr " "trescientos y cincuenta mil estudiantes de colegio para el 2020.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6789 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@@ -14037,7 -14286,7 +14300,7 @@@ msgstr " "disponible bajo los mismo términos de licenciamiento." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6798 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@@ -14057,7 -14306,7 +14320,7 @@@ msgstr " "competencia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6809 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@@ -14083,7 -14332,7 +14346,7 @@@ msgstr " "lo hace más significativo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6817 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@@ -14102,7 -14351,7 +14365,7 @@@ msgstr " "porque no se enfocan de forma singular en el resultado final." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6823 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@@ -14117,7 -14366,7 +14380,7 @@@ msgstr " "que vienen a su sitio no solo encuentren contenido sin cambios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6833 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@@ -14139,7 -14388,7 +14402,7 @@@ msgstr " "identifican puntos débiles, y nosotros diseñamos algo para solucionarlos.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6841 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@@ -14159,7 -14408,7 +14422,7 @@@ msgstr " "dijo Nathan. «Eso no es realmente cierto.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6849 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@@ -14178,7 -14427,7 +14441,7 @@@ msgstr " "diseños,» dijo Nathan." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6861 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@@ -14204,39 -14453,39 +14467,39 @@@ msgstr " "propusieron ser." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6863 msgid "## TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6867 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6869 msgid "teachaids.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6871 msgid "Revenue model: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6873 msgid "Interview date: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6878 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6875 msgid "Interviewees: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6882 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@@ -14245,7 -14494,7 +14508,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6893 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@@ -14260,7 -14509,7 +14523,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6911 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@@ -14281,7 -14530,7 +14544,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6921 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@@ -14295,7 -14544,7 +14558,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6925 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@@ -14303,7 -14552,7 +14566,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6938 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@@ -14319,7 -14568,7 +14582,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6945 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@@ -14330,7 -14579,7 +14593,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6952 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@@ -14341,7 -14590,7 +14604,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6965 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@@ -14357,7 -14606,7 +14620,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6979 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@@ -14374,7 -14623,7 +14637,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6996 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@@ -14394,7 -14643,7 +14657,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7007 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@@ -14409,7 -14658,7 +14672,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7016 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@@ -14422,7 -14671,7 +14685,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7024 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@@ -14434,7 -14683,7 +14697,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7035 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,” Piya said. " @@@ -14449,7 -14698,7 +14712,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7042 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@@ -14460,7 -14709,7 +14723,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7049 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@@ -14471,12 -14720,12 +14734,12 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7051 msgid "## Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7055 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@@ -14484,22 -14733,22 +14747,22 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7057 msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7061 msgid "Interview date: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7063 msgid "Interviewee: Hessel van Oorschot, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7073 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@@ -14510,7 -14759,7 +14773,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7081 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@@ -14522,7 -14771,7 +14785,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7089 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@@ -14534,7 -14783,7 +14797,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7095 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@@ -14544,7 -14793,7 +14807,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7102 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@@ -14554,7 -14803,7 +14817,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7110 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@@ -14566,7 -14815,7 +14829,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7128 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@@ -14587,7 -14836,7 +14850,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7139 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@@ -14602,7 -14851,7 +14865,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7146 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@@ -14612,7 -14861,7 +14875,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7155 msgid "" "A few of your songs \\[licensed with CC BY-SA\\], for example five in total, " "are selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@@ -14625,7 -14874,7 +14888,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7164 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@@ -14637,7 -14886,7 +14900,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7173 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@@ -14650,7 -14899,7 +14913,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7180 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@@ -14660,7 -14909,7 +14923,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7185 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@@ -14669,7 -14918,7 +14932,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7192 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@@ -14679,7 -14928,7 +14942,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7201 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@@ -14692,7 -14941,7 +14955,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7209 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@@ -14703,7 -14952,7 +14966,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7220 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@@ -14717,7 -14966,7 +14980,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7235 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@@ -14735,7 -14984,7 +14998,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7244 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@@ -14748,56 -14997,56 +15011,56 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7249 msgid "www.instoremusicservice.com" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7249 msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com/info\\_instoremusic.php" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7251 msgid "## Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7254 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7256 msgid "wikimediafoundation.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7258 msgid "Revenue model: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7260 msgid "Interview date: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7263 msgid "" "Interviewees: Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community Engagement, and " "Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7267 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7273 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@@ -14807,7 -15056,7 +15070,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7277 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@@ -14815,7 -15064,7 +15078,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7289 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@@ -14831,7 -15080,7 +15094,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7294 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, “There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.” While it " @@@ -14840,7 -15089,7 +15103,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7301 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@@ -14851,7 -15100,7 +15114,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7311 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@@ -14865,7 -15114,7 +15128,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7331 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@@ -14888,7 -15137,7 +15151,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7344 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@@ -14904,7 -15153,7 +15167,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7355 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@@ -14918,7 -15167,7 +15181,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7371 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@@ -14937,7 -15186,7 +15200,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7379 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@@ -14949,7 -15198,7 +15212,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7388 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@@ -14961,7 -15210,7 +15224,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7396 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@@ -14973,7 -15222,7 +15236,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7401 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@@ -14982,7 -15231,7 +15245,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7406 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@@ -14991,7 -15240,7 +15254,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7412 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. “The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, but it " @@@ -15000,17 -15249,17 +15263,17 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7416 msgid "gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7418 msgid "## Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7423 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@@ -15018,33 -15267,33 +15281,33 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7427 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7429 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7432 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7435 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7440 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. www.benkler." @@@ -15052,7 -15301,7 +15315,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7445 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. www.slideshare.net/WithoutModel/open-" @@@ -15060,7 -15309,7 +15323,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7450 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@@ -15069,14 -15318,14 +15332,14 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7453 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7461 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@@ -15087,54 -15336,54 +15350,54 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7464 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7467 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7470 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7472 msgid "www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7476 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7479 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7482 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7488 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@@ -15145,7 -15394,7 +15408,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7492 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " "Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@@ -15153,21 -15402,21 +15416,21 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7495 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7498 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7502 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " "at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. hbr.org/2015/01/the-" @@@ -15175,7 -15424,7 +15438,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7507 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@@ -15184,21 -15433,21 +15447,21 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7510 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7513 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a Post-" "Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7517 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit " "Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009. ssir.org/" @@@ -15206,21 -15455,21 +15469,21 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7520 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7524 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7528 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@@ -15228,124 -15477,124 +15491,124 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7531 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7534 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New York: " "Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7537 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7541 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7544 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7547 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7550 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7553 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7556 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7558 msgid "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7561 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7564 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7567 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7570 msgid "" "Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” " "BBC News, March 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7573 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7576 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7582 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7579 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7583 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@@ -15353,7 -15602,7 +15616,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7587 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at strategyzer." @@@ -15361,7 -15610,7 +15624,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7591 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@@ -15369,14 -15618,14 +15632,14 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7594 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7600 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@@ -15386,7 -15635,7 +15649,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7605 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. www.academia.edu/27143172/The" @@@ -15394,7 -15643,7 +15657,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7610 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@@ -15403,7 -15652,7 +15666,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7614 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@@ -15411,7 -15660,7 +15674,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7618 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@@ -15419,74 -15668,74 +15682,74 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7620 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7623 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7626 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7629 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7632 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7635 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7638 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7641 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7644 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7646 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7650 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@@ -15494,21 -15743,21 +15757,21 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7653 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7656 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7662 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@@ -15518,7 -15767,7 +15781,7 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7666 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. society30.com/" @@@ -15526,26 -15775,26 +15789,26 @@@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7669 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. web." "mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7672 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7677 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7674 msgid "## Acknowledgments" msgstr "## Agradecimientos" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7680 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@@ -15560,7 -15809,7 +15823,7 @@@ msgstr " "inicial que nos permitió empezar este proyecto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7684 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@@ -15571,7 -15820,7 +15834,7 @@@ msgstr " "los comunes tengan vida. Gracias por la inspiración." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7690 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@@ -15587,7 -15836,7 +15850,7 @@@ msgstr " "trabajo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7695 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@@ -15601,7 -15850,7 +15864,7 @@@ msgstr " "invaluable. Gracias de todo corazón a todos ustedes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7742 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@@ -15694,7 -15943,7 +15957,7 @@@ msgstr " "Xavier Antoviaque, Yancey Strickler" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8095 #, fuzzy msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " @@@ -16133,20 -16382,20 +16396,20 @@@ msgstr " "Sablin, Evan Tangman, Evonne Okafor, Evtim Papushev, Fabien Cambi, Fabio " "Natali, Fauxton Software, Felix Deierlein, Felix Gebauer, Felix Maximiliano " "Obes, Felix Schmidt, Felix Zephyr Hsiao, Ferdies Food Lab, Fernand " -"Deschambault, Filipe Rodrigues, Filippo Toso, Fiona MacAlister, " -"fiona.mac.uk, Floor Scheffer, Florent Darrault, Florian Hähnel, Florian " -"Schneider, Floyd Wilde, Foxtrot Games, Francis Clarke, Francisco Rivas-" -"Portillo, Francois Dechery, Francois Grey, François Gros, François " -"Pelletier, Fred Benenson, Frédéric Abella, Frédéric Schütz, Fredrik Ekelund, " -"Fumi Yamazaki, Gabor Sooki-Toth, Gabriel Staples, Gabriel Véjar Valenzuela, " -"Gal Buki, Gareth Jordan, Garrett Heath, Gary Anson, Gary Forster, Gatien de " -"Broucker, Gaurav Kapil, Gauthier de Valensart, Gavin Gray, Gavin Romig-Koch, " -"Geoff Wood, Geoffrey Lehr, George Baier IV, George De Bruin, George Lawie, " -"George Strakhov, Gerard Gorman, Geronimo de la Lama, Gianpaolo Rando, Gil " -"Stendig, Gino Cingolani Trucco, Giovanna Sala, Glen Moffat, Glenn D. Jones, " -"Glenn Otis Brown, Global Lives Project, Gorm Lai, Govindarajan Umakanthan, " -"Graham Bird, Graham Freeman, Graham Heath, Graham Jones, Graham Smith-" -"Gordon, Graham Vowles, Greg Brodsky, Greg Malone, Grégoire Detrez, Gregory " +"Deschambault, Filipe Rodrigues, Filippo Toso, Fiona MacAlister, fiona.mac." +"uk, Floor Scheffer, Florent Darrault, Florian Hähnel, Florian Schneider, " +"Floyd Wilde, Foxtrot Games, Francis Clarke, Francisco Rivas-Portillo, " +"Francois Dechery, Francois Grey, François Gros, François Pelletier, Fred " +"Benenson, Frédéric Abella, Frédéric Schütz, Fredrik Ekelund, Fumi Yamazaki, " +"Gabor Sooki-Toth, Gabriel Staples, Gabriel Véjar Valenzuela, Gal Buki, " +"Gareth Jordan, Garrett Heath, Gary Anson, Gary Forster, Gatien de Broucker, " +"Gaurav Kapil, Gauthier de Valensart, Gavin Gray, Gavin Romig-Koch, Geoff " +"Wood, Geoffrey Lehr, George Baier IV, George De Bruin, George Lawie, George " +"Strakhov, Gerard Gorman, Geronimo de la Lama, Gianpaolo Rando, Gil Stendig, " +"Gino Cingolani Trucco, Giovanna Sala, Glen Moffat, Glenn D. Jones, Glenn " +"Otis Brown, Global Lives Project, Gorm Lai, Govindarajan Umakanthan, Graham " +"Bird, Graham Freeman, Graham Heath, Graham Jones, Graham Smith-Gordon, " +"Graham Vowles, Greg Brodsky, Greg Malone, Grégoire Detrez, Gregory " "Chevalley, Gregory Flynn, Grit Matthias, Gui Louback, Guillaume Rischard, " "Gustavo Vaz de Carvalho Gonçalves, Gustin Johnson, Gwen Franck, Gwilym " "Lucas, Haggen So, Håkon T Sønderland, Hamid Larbi, Hamish MacEwan, Hannes " @@@ -16167,21 -16416,6 +16430,21 @@@ "Jane Finette, jane Lofton, Jane Mason, Jane Park, Janos Kovacs, Jasmina " "Bricic, Jason Blasso, Jason Chu" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to " +#~ "James Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" +#~ "denominator solutions and" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Ser responsable no significa operar bajo concenso. De acuerdo con James " +#~ "Surowiecki, los grupos que operan bajo concenso tienden a utilizar la " +#~ "solución común más básica y" + +#~ msgid "(museum admission), selling merchandise" +#~ msgstr "(admisión al museo), venta de mercancías" + +#~ msgid "commitment.68" +#~ msgstr "68" + #~ msgid "service." #~ msgstr "servicio."