X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-madewithcc.git/blobdiff_plain/f1444cb503f2918b67a9903769334f09a77a9fbd..8058e4606e20727c168c8ff6a1f4b9721ef06a09:/po/mwcc.pot?ds=inline diff --git a/po/mwcc.pot b/po/mwcc.pot index 72195ca..a1a37eb 100644 --- a/po/mwcc.pot +++ b/po/mwcc.pot @@ -6,8 +6,8 @@ #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" -"Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-06-19 14:24-0500\n" +"Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-10-24 12:32-0500\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" @@ -18,138 +18,123 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2 -msgid "Made" +msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4 -msgid "with" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6 -msgid "Creative" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8 -msgid "Commons" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:10 msgid "Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:12 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6 msgid "Made With Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:14 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8 msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:16 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:10 msgid "© 2017, by Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:19 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:13 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC " "BY-SA), version 4.0." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:21 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:15 msgid "ISBN 978-87-998733-3-3" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:23 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:17 msgid "Cover and interior design by Klaus Nielsen, vinterstille.dk" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:25 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:19 msgid "Content editing by Grace Yaginuma" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:27 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:21 msgid "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, bryanmathers.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:29 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:23 msgid "Downloadable e-book available at madewith.cc" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:31 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:25 msgid "Publisher:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:33 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:27 msgid "Ctrl+Alt+Delete Books" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:35 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:29 msgid "Husumgade 10, 5." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:37 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:31 msgid "2200 Copenhagen N" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:39 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:33 msgid "Denmark" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:41 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:35 msgid "www.cadb.dk" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:37 msgid "hey@cadb.dk" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:45 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:39 msgid "Printer:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:47 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:41 msgid "Drukarnia POZKAL Spółka z o.o. Spółka komandytowa" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:49 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:43 msgid "88-100 Inowrocław," msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:51 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:45 msgid "ul. Cegielna 10/12," msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:53 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:47 msgid "Poland" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:61 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:55 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -161,7 +146,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:65 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:59 msgid "" "Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " "Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " @@ -169,33 +154,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:72 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:66 msgid "" -"“I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction " -"journalism. . . The way that I think about these things, and in terms of " -"what I can do is. . . essays like this are occasions to watch somebody " -"reasonably bright but also reasonably average pay far closer attention and " -"think at far more length about all sorts of different stuff than most of us " -"have a chance to in our daily lives.”" +"“I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " +"think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like " +"this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also reasonably " +"average pay far closer attention and think at far more length about all " +"sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our daily " +"lives.”" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:74 -msgid "" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:70 +msgid "- David Foster Wallace" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:76 -msgid "- David Foster Wallace" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:78 -msgid "Foreword" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:72 +msgid "## Foreword" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:86 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:80 msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of " @@ -206,7 +186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:92 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:86 msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " "Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: " @@ -216,7 +196,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:98 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:92 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: “Entering the arts " @@ -226,7 +206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:99 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -237,7 +217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:105 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -246,7 +226,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:113 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -257,7 +237,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:121 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -269,7 +249,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:131 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -283,7 +263,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:140 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -296,7 +276,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:146 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -306,7 +286,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:153 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -317,7 +297,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:162 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -329,7 +309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:167 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -337,7 +317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:174 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -348,7 +328,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:186 msgid "" "Sarah writes, “Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when " "community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -364,7 +344,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:195 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -376,7 +356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:203 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article “The Zones of Cyberspace”, CC founder " "Lawrence Lessig wrote, “Cyberspace is a place. People live there. They " @@ -388,7 +368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:209 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -398,36 +378,36 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:211 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:213 #, no-wrap msgid "*Ryan Merkley*\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:215 #, no-wrap msgid "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:223 -msgid "Introduction" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:217 +msgid "## Introduction" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:220 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:230 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -441,7 +421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:237 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -452,14 +432,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:240 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:246 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -469,7 +449,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:252 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something " @@ -479,7 +459,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:260 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -490,7 +470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:269 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -502,7 +482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:273 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main " @@ -510,7 +490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:280 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by " "Paul. He provides some historical context for the digital commons, " @@ -521,7 +501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:289 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -534,7 +514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:295 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -543,7 +523,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:300 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -551,7 +531,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:304 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -559,7 +539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:310 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -569,48 +549,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:312 #, no-wrap msgid "*Paul and Sarah *\n" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:320 -msgid "Part 1" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:322 -msgid "The Big Picture" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:324 -msgid "The New" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:326 -msgid "World of" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:315 +msgid "# The Big Picture" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:328 -msgid "Digital" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:317 +msgid "## The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:330 -msgid "Commons" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:319 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:327 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as “the air and oceans, the " "web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " @@ -621,7 +581,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:336 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -634,7 +594,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:347 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -649,12 +609,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:362 -msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:349 +msgid "### The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:354 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -663,7 +623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:362 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -675,14 +635,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:365 msgid "" "Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of " "engagement with commons, state, and market." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:374 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -695,7 +655,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:382 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -706,7 +666,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:388 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -715,7 +675,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:391 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png){width=\"6.5in\" " +"height=\"3.5417in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:399 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -727,12 +694,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:411 -msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:401 +msgid "### The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:409 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.6 Her framework " @@ -744,7 +711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:415 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -754,12 +721,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:427 -msgid "Characteristics" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:418 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png){width=\"6.5in\" " +"height=\"6.5in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:420 +msgid "#### Characteristics" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:425 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human " @@ -768,7 +742,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:434 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -780,7 +754,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:442 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -792,7 +766,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:449 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -803,7 +777,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:458 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -815,7 +789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:466 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources as " @@ -827,12 +801,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:475 -msgid "People and processes" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:468 +msgid "#### People and processes" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:472 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -840,7 +814,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:480 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -851,7 +825,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:487 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -862,7 +836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:501 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.7 Creators of human produced resources can " @@ -879,12 +853,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:510 -msgid "Norms and rules" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:504 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png){width=\"6.5in\" " +"height=\"4.2362in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:506 +msgid "#### Norms and rules" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:511 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -892,7 +873,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:517 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -902,7 +883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:521 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -910,7 +891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:528 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -920,12 +901,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:534 -msgid "Goals" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:530 +msgid "#### Goals" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:535 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -934,7 +915,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:542 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What " "we pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the " @@ -944,7 +925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:549 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -955,7 +936,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:556 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -966,7 +947,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:561 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -975,12 +956,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:567 -msgid "A Short History of the Commons" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:563 +msgid "### A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:570 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -991,7 +972,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:576 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the " @@ -1001,7 +982,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:585 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1013,7 +994,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:588 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png){width=\"6.5in\" " +"height=\"3.389in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:596 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) " "taking over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of " @@ -1024,7 +1012,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:608 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to " @@ -1039,14 +1027,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:611 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png){width=\"6.5in\" " +"height=\"3.389in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:615 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:624 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay “The " "Tragedy of the Commons,” published in Science in 1968. Hardin argues that " @@ -1058,7 +1053,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:641 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s “The Tragedy of the " "Commons”—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " @@ -1078,7 +1073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:651 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure " @@ -1091,7 +1086,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:661 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1104,7 +1099,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:666 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1113,12 +1108,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:666 -msgid "The Digital Revolution" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:669 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png){width=\"6.5in\" " +"height=\"3.389in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:671 +msgid "### The Digital Revolution" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:675 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1126,12 +1128,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:683 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:683 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1139,24 +1141,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:683 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:683 msgid "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others.16" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:686 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:699 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1172,7 +1174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:708 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1185,7 +1187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:719 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1200,7 +1202,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:725 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1210,12 +1212,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:722 -msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:727 +msgid "### The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:734 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1226,7 +1228,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:748 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by " @@ -1243,7 +1245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:755 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People " @@ -1253,7 +1255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:763 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1264,7 +1266,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:773 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1278,7 +1280,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:779 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1288,7 +1290,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:789 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1302,12 +1304,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:786 -msgid "The Changing Market" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:791 +msgid "### The Changing Market" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:798 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:803 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1322,7 +1324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:809 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1332,7 +1334,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:817 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -1344,7 +1346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:829 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:834 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -1364,7 +1366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:844 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -1377,7 +1379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:855 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -1392,7 +1394,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:862 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -1403,7 +1405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:868 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -1412,7 +1414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:879 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -1427,7 +1429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:886 msgid "" "“A book on open business models” is how we described it in this book’s " "Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model Generation as " @@ -1437,7 +1439,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:895 msgid "" "It contains a “business model canvas,” which conceives of a business model " "as having nine building blocks.34 This blank canvas can serve as a tool for " @@ -1450,7 +1452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:906 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -1465,7 +1467,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:917 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -1480,12 +1482,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:914 -msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:919 +msgid "### Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:924 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -1494,7 +1496,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:931 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -1504,7 +1506,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:942 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before " @@ -1518,7 +1520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:953 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -1532,7 +1534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:965 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -1547,7 +1549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:975 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -1561,7 +1563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:987 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -1576,7 +1578,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1000 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -1593,7 +1595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1005 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -1602,12 +1604,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1002 -msgid "Our Case Studies" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1007 +msgid "### Our Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1016 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal status, " @@ -1620,7 +1622,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1022 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -1630,7 +1632,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1030 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -1642,7 +1644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1037 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -1652,7 +1654,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1042 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -1661,7 +1663,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1053 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -1676,7 +1678,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1060 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -1687,7 +1689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1067 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -1698,39 +1700,39 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1064 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2290 -msgid "Notes" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1069 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2269 +msgid "### Notes" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 msgid "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '6. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " "Commons for the Knowledge Commons,” in Governing Knowledge Commons, " @@ -1739,29 +1741,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '7. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '8. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 msgid "" "Cole, “Learning from Lin,” in Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg, Governing " "Knowledge Commons, 59." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 #, no-wrap msgid "" "9. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175.\n" "10. Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, “The Economics of Information in\n" " a Post-Carbon Economy,” in Free Knowledge: Confronting the\n" " Commodification of Human Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott and\n" -" Daryl H. Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press,\n" -" 2015), 201–4.\n" +" Daryl H. Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015),\n" +" 201–4.\n" "11. Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the\n" " Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola\n" " Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 42–43.\n" @@ -1782,8 +1784,8 @@ msgid "" " 22, 2016.\n" "18. Eric S. Raymond, “The Magic Cauldron,” in The Cathedral and the\n" " Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental\n" -" Revolutionary, rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media,\n" -" 2001), www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/.\n" +" Revolutionary, rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001),\n" +" www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/.\n" "19. New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing:\n" " Why Do People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer\n" " Insight Group, 2011), www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf.\n" @@ -1792,8 +1794,8 @@ msgid "" "21. Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA:\n" " Creative Commons, 2015), stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/.\n" "22. Wikipedia, s.v. “Open Government Partnership,” last modified\n" -" September 24,\n" -" 2016, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open\\_Government\\_Partnership.\n" +" September 24, 2016,\n" +" en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open\\_Government\\_Partnership.\n" "23. Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114.\n" "24. Ibid., 116.\n" "25. The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, “Stockholm\n" @@ -1802,8 +1804,8 @@ msgid "" "26. City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and\n" " the City for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans.\n" " LabGov (LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons) (Bologna, Italy:\n" -" City of Bologna,\n" -" 2014), " +" City of Bologna, 2014),\n" +" " "www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf.\n" "27. The Seoul Sharing City website is english.sharehub.kr; for Amsterdam\n" " Sharing City, go to www.sharenl.nl/amsterdam-sharing-city/.\n" @@ -1825,20 +1827,20 @@ msgid "" "33. Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation\n" " (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is\n" " available at strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation.\n" -"34. This business model canvas is available to download\n" -" at strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas.\n" +"34. This business model canvas is available to download at\n" +" strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas.\n" "35. We’ve made the “Open Business Model Canvas,” designed by the\n" -" coauthor Paul Stacey, available online\n" -" at " +" coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at\n" +" " "docs.google.com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit.\n" " You can also find the accompanying Open Business Model Canvas\n" -" Questions\n" -" at " +" Questions at\n" +" " "docs.google.com/drawings/d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit.\n" "36. A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this\n" " post I wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. “What Is an Open Business\n" -" Model and How Can You Generate Revenue?”, available\n" -" at " +" Model and How Can You Generate Revenue?”, available at\n" +" " "medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15.\n" "37. Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating\n" " and Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review\n" @@ -1846,37 +1848,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1166 -msgid "How" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1168 -msgid "to Be" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170 -msgid "Made with" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1171 +msgid "## How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1172 -msgid "Creative" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1174 -msgid "Commons" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1173 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1187 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -1894,7 +1876,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1196 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -1906,7 +1888,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1200 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -1914,7 +1896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1208 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -1926,7 +1908,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1216 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model “describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, and " @@ -1938,7 +1920,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1221 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -1947,7 +1929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1229 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -1959,7 +1941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1239 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -1972,7 +1954,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1245 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -1982,7 +1964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1256 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -1997,7 +1979,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1266 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -2011,7 +1993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1272 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -2021,7 +2003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1283 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -2036,7 +2018,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1292 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -2048,7 +2030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1300 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -2060,7 +2042,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1304 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -2068,7 +2050,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1314 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -2081,7 +2063,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1325 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -2095,7 +2077,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1335 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero.4 " @@ -2108,7 +2090,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1348 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -2125,7 +2107,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1359 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. " @@ -2140,7 +2122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1365 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -2150,7 +2132,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1369 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -2158,12 +2140,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1374 -msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1371 +msgid "### Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1386 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, “It has " @@ -2182,7 +2164,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1399 msgid "" "While finding “your people” online is theoretically easier than in the " "analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to actually " @@ -2198,7 +2180,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1412 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -2215,7 +2197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1416 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, “Recognition is one of " @@ -2223,7 +2205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1425 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -2236,7 +2218,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1432 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -2246,7 +2228,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1440 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -2257,7 +2239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1454 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -2274,7 +2256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1462 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -2285,7 +2267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1471 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return.15 " @@ -2298,19 +2280,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1474 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1479 -msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1476 +msgid "#### Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1486 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -2323,7 +2305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1493 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are " @@ -2333,7 +2315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1505 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -2348,7 +2330,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1513 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon " @@ -2360,12 +2342,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1519 -msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1515 +msgid "#### Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1530 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the " @@ -2383,7 +2365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1541 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -2398,7 +2380,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1553 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -2413,7 +2395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1561 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its " "credibility. Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to " @@ -2424,12 +2406,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1567 -msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1563 +msgid "#### Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1570 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -2440,7 +2422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1583 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -2456,7 +2438,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1597 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -2468,25 +2450,17 @@ msgid "" "physical copies, which makes them much more attractive to students who then " "demand them from their universities. They also partner with service " "providers who build atop the CC-licensed content and, in turn, spend money " -"and" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1602 -msgid "" -"resources marketing those services (and by extension, the OpenStax " +"and resources marketing those services (and by extension, the OpenStax " "textbooks)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1605 -msgid "" -"Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your " -"work" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1599 +msgid "#### Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1604 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -2495,7 +2469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1614 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -2509,7 +2483,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1626 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, “People often " @@ -2524,7 +2498,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1634 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their " @@ -2536,12 +2510,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1642 -msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1636 +msgid "#### Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1648 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -2556,12 +2530,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1656 -msgid "Making Money" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1650 +msgid "### Making Money" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1665 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -2572,19 +2546,13 @@ msgid "" "operates.28 But in many cases, the revenue streams used by endeavors that " "are Made with Creative Commons are directly tied to the value they generate, " "where the recipient is paying for the value they receive like any standard " -"market transaction. In still other" +"market transaction. In still other cases, rather than the quid pro quo " +"exchange of money for value that typically drives market transactions, the " +"recipient gives money out of a sense of reciprocity." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1672 -msgid "" -"cases, rather than the quid pro quo exchange of money for value that " -"typically drives market transactions, the recipient gives money out of a " -"sense of reciprocity." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1673 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -2595,7 +2563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1680 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -2606,12 +2574,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1689 -msgid "Market-based revenue streams" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1682 +msgid "#### Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1689 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.30 By definition, if you are " @@ -2622,7 +2590,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1703 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -2639,7 +2607,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1712 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -2652,7 +2620,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1719 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -2663,33 +2631,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1725 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " "lives within your free digital content. Often, the CC-licensed content " -"functions as a marketing tool for the paid product or" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1733 -msgid "service." +"functions as a marketing tool for the paid product or service." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1727 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1729 msgid "" -"Providing a custom service to consumers of " -"your work * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +"#### Providing a custom service to consumers of your work * " +"\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1738 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -2702,14 +2665,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1750 -msgid "" -"Charging for the physical copy * " -"\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1740 +msgid "#### Charging for the physical copy * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1761 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -2733,14 +2694,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1774 -msgid "" -"Charging for the in-person version * " -"\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1763 +msgid "#### Charging for the in-person version * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1771 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -2751,12 +2710,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1784 -msgid "Selling merchandise * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1773 +msgid "#### Selling merchandise * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1778 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -2765,7 +2724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1789 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -2780,14 +2739,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1803 -msgid "" -"Charging advertisers or sponsors * " -"\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1791 +msgid "#### Charging advertisers or sponsors * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1802 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -2802,14 +2759,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1817 -msgid "" -"Charging your content creators * " -"\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1804 +msgid "#### Charging your content creators * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1814 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -2823,14 +2778,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1830 -msgid "" -"Charging a transaction fee * " -"\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1816 +msgid "#### Charging a transaction fee * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1826 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.39 Curation is an important element of this " @@ -2843,14 +2796,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1843 -msgid "" -"Providing a service to your creators* " -"\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1828 +msgid "#### Providing a service to your creators* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1835 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -2861,12 +2812,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1852 -msgid "Licensing a trademark* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1837 +msgid "#### Licensing a trademark* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1846 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -2879,12 +2830,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1863 -msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1848 +msgid "#### Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1853 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -2893,7 +2844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1878 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1863 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -2907,7 +2858,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1869 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -2917,7 +2868,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1874 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.40 We almost can’t help but think of " @@ -2926,14 +2877,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1892 -msgid "" -"Memberships and individual donations " -"*\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1876 +msgid "#### Memberships and individual donations *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1888 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -2948,14 +2897,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1907 -msgid "" -"The pay-what-you-want model " -"*\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1890 +msgid "#### The pay-what-you-want model *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1900 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -2968,12 +2915,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1919 -msgid "Crowdfunding *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1902 +msgid "#### Crowdfunding *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1917 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -2991,7 +2938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1924 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major " @@ -3002,12 +2949,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1943 -msgid "Making Human Connections" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1926 +msgid "### Making Human Connections" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1939 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like “persuading people to buy” and “inviting people to pay.” We " @@ -3024,7 +2971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1946 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -3034,7 +2981,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1950 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -3042,7 +2989,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1954 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -3050,7 +2997,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1963 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -3063,7 +3010,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1975 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -3078,7 +3025,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1980 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -3087,12 +3034,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1999 -msgid "Be human" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1982 +msgid "#### Be human" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2006 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1989 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.42 But the further removed we are from the person with whom " @@ -3103,7 +3050,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2001 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -3118,7 +3065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2011 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "“brand.” That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda Palmer says, " @@ -3132,7 +3079,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2020 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -3144,12 +3091,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2039 -msgid "Be open and accountable" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2022 +msgid "#### Be open and accountable" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2032 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -3162,34 +3109,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2045 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to " -"lowest-common-denominator solutions and" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2063 -msgid "" -"avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that cultivates healthy " -"collaboration.47 Instead, it can be as simple as asking for input and then " -"giving context and explanation about decisions you make, even if soliciting " -"feedback and inviting discourse is time-consuming. If you don’t go through " -"the effort to actually respond to the input you receive, it can be worse " -"than not inviting input in the first place.48 But when you get it right, it " -"can guarantee the type of diversity of thought that helps endeavors " -"excel. And it is another way to get people involved and invested in what you " -"do." +"lowest-common-denominator solutions and avoid the sort of candid exchange of " +"ideas that cultivates healthy collaboration.47 Instead, it can be as simple " +"as asking for input and then giving context and explanation about decisions " +"you make, even if soliciting feedback and inviting discourse is " +"time-consuming. If you don’t go through the effort to actually respond to " +"the input you receive, it can be worse than not inviting input in the first " +"place.48 But when you get it right, it can guarantee the type of diversity " +"of thought that helps endeavors excel. And it is another way to get people " +"involved and invested in what you do." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2065 -msgid "Design for the good actors" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2047 +msgid "#### Design for the good actors" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2060 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.49 Any relatively introspective human knows this " @@ -3206,7 +3147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2069 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a " "self-fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems that " @@ -3219,7 +3160,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2079 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -3233,12 +3174,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2099 -msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2081 +msgid "#### Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2090 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like " "fans. As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”53 Even " @@ -3251,7 +3192,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2095 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -3259,7 +3200,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2107 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in " "kind. It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too " @@ -3274,12 +3215,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2127 -msgid "State your principles and stick to them" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2109 +msgid "#### State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2119 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -3292,7 +3233,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2128 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -3305,7 +3246,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2134 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -3314,12 +3255,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2154 -msgid "Build a community" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2136 +msgid "#### Build a community" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2146 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -3327,16 +3268,12 @@ msgid "" "who get to know each other and rally around common interests or beliefs.58 " "To a certain extent, simply being Made with Creative Commons automatically " "brings with it some element of community, by helping connect you to " -"like-minded others who recognize and are drawn to the values symbolized by" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2165 -msgid "using CC." +"like-minded others who recognize and are drawn to the values symbolized by " +"using CC." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2158 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -3347,16 +3284,11 @@ msgid "" "organizations like Red Hat, that means connecting around common beliefs or " "goals. As the CEO Jim Whitehurst wrote in The Open Organization, “Tapping " "into passion is especially important in building the kinds of participative " -"communities that drive open" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2178 -msgid "organizations.”60" +"communities that drive open organizations.”60" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2170 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s difficult to " @@ -3372,19 +3304,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2174 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2196 -msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2176 +msgid "#### Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2187 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -3399,7 +3331,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2199 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -3415,7 +3347,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2207 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -3427,12 +3359,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2229 -msgid "Involve people in what you do" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2209 +msgid "#### Involve people in what you do" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2221 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent.66 But to " @@ -3442,16 +3374,11 @@ msgid "" "than it is for others. Groups tied together online collaborate best when " "people can work independently and asynchronously, and particularly for " "larger groups with loose ties, when contributors can make simple " -"improvements without a particularly heavy time" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2242 -msgid "commitment.68" +"improvements without a particularly heavy time commitment.68" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2230 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -3463,7 +3390,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2247 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -3483,7 +3410,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2258 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -3497,7 +3424,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2288 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2267 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -3510,7 +3437,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at " @@ -3518,19 +3445,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -3538,33 +3465,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '6. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '7. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '8. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 #, no-wrap msgid "" "9. Anderson, Makers, 66.\n" @@ -3637,8 +3564,8 @@ msgid "" "64. Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing,\n" " reprint with new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012).\n" "65. David Lee, “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the\n" -" Internet,” BBC News, March 3,\n" -" 2016, www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680.\n" +" Internet,” BBC News, March 3, 2016,\n" +" www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680.\n" "66. Anderson, Makers, 148.\n" "67. Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164.\n" "68. Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization.\n" @@ -3654,37 +3581,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2393 -msgid "The" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2372 +msgid "## The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2395 -msgid "Creative" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2397 -msgid "Commons" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2399 -msgid "Licenses" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2385 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " -"minimum, a CC-" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2413 -msgid "" -"licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form for " -"noncommercial purposes so long as attribution is given to the creator. " +"minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " +"for noncommercial purposes so long as attribution is given to the creator. " "There are six licenses in the CC license suite that build on that basic set " "of permissions, ranging from the most restrictive (allowing only those basic " "permissions to share unmodified copies for noncommercial purposes) to the " @@ -3695,12 +3601,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2387 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2390 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png){width=\"4.198in\" " +"height=\"1.4689in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2396 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -3710,7 +3623,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2399 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png){width=\"4.198in\" " +"height=\"1.4689in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2406 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -3721,7 +3641,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2409 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png){width=\"4.198in\" " +"height=\"1.4689in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2413 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -3729,7 +3656,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2416 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png){width=\"4.198in\" " +"height=\"1.4689in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2421 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -3738,7 +3672,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2424 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png){width=\"4.198in\" " +"height=\"1.4689in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2428 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -3746,7 +3687,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2431 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png){width=\"4.198in\" " +"height=\"1.4689in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2436 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -3755,7 +3703,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2441 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -3763,21 +3711,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2444 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png){width=\"4.1665in\" " +"height=\"1.4689in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2447 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (“no rights reserved”)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2450 +msgid "" +"![](Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png){width=\"4.1665in\" " +"height=\"1.4689in\"}" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2454 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2463 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and " @@ -3790,7 +3752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2475 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -3805,7 +3767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2487 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -3820,7 +3782,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2492 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -3829,7 +3791,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2502 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -3843,12 +3805,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2508 -msgid "Note" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2504 +msgid "Note" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2508 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called “Share " @@ -3856,22 +3818,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2510 msgid "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2516 -msgid "Part 2" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2518 -msgid "The Case Studies" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2513 +msgid "# The Case Studies" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2521 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -3883,7 +3840,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2527 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -3893,24 +3850,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2534 -msgid "Arduino" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2529 +msgid "## Arduino" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2532 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2534 msgid "www.arduino.cc" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2538 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (sales of boards, modules, " "shields, and kits), licensing a trademark (fees paid by those who want to " @@ -3918,22 +3875,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2545 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2540 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3223 msgid "Interview date: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2542 msgid "Interviewees: David Cuartielles and Tom Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2549 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3235 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3591 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3797 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4038 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4276 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4691 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4904 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5131 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5369 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5806 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6051 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6441 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2544 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3227 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3582 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3787 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4027 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4264 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4672 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4884 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5111 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5349 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5784 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6028 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6417 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7061 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2556 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -3949,7 +3906,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2564 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -3960,7 +3917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2571 msgid "" "“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. " "Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature of " @@ -3971,23 +3928,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2580 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design " "school. He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work " "and research just disappear. Open-sourcing ensured that Arduino would " "outlive the Ivrea closure. Persistence is one thing Tom really likes about " "open source. If key people leave, or a company shuts down, an open-source " -"product lives on. In Tom’s view, “Open sourcing makes it easier to trust a" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2586 -msgid "product.”" +"product lives on. In Tom’s view, “Open sourcing makes it easier to trust a " +"product.”" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2587 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -3998,7 +3951,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2594 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -4008,7 +3961,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2606 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -4023,7 +3976,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2619 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -4039,7 +3992,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2626 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -4050,7 +4003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2632 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -4060,7 +4013,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2642 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -4074,7 +4027,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2652 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -4087,7 +4040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2661 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -4100,7 +4053,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2672 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -4115,7 +4068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2682 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -4129,7 +4082,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2690 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -4141,7 +4094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2697 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -4152,7 +4105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2710 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -4168,7 +4121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2716 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -4178,7 +4131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2722 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about “the " @@ -4188,7 +4141,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2726 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -4196,27 +4149,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2734 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3776 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4017 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4255 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4883 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5108 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5347 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5594 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6029 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6258 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6700 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2728 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3766 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4006 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4243 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4863 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5088 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5327 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5574 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6007 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6234 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6675 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7242 msgid "Web links" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2731 msgid "www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2731 msgid "blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2739 -msgid "Ártica" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2733 +msgid "## Ártica" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2737 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -4224,32 +4177,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2739 msgid "www.articaonline.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2741 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2743 msgid "Interview date: March 9, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2745 msgid "Interviewees: Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2753 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2903 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3058 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3402 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4520 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5611 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6282 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6720 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6898 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7287 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2747 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2897 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3052 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3393 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4503 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5591 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6258 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6695 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6873 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7261 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2752 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -4258,12 +4211,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2754 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2764 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development " @@ -4276,7 +4229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2775 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -4291,7 +4244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2784 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -4303,7 +4256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2791 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. “Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -4314,7 +4267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2797 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -4324,7 +4277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2803 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -4334,7 +4287,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2817 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -4351,7 +4304,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2829 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2823 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -4361,7 +4314,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2832 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another " "belief—in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, " @@ -4374,7 +4327,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2840 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. “This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in order to " @@ -4385,7 +4338,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2846 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In the " "educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay attention to " @@ -4395,7 +4348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2850 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -4403,7 +4356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2861 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content is " "not enough,” Jorge said. “We also think that it is very important to take a " @@ -4418,7 +4371,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2869 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. " "Human resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -4429,7 +4382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2875 msgid "" "“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it is " "easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very specific and " @@ -4439,7 +4392,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2881 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -4449,41 +4402,41 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2889 -msgid "Blender Institute" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2883 +msgid "## Blender Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2886 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2888 msgid "www.blender.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2891 msgid "" "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for physical " "copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2893 msgid "Interview date: March 8, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2895 msgid "Interviewee: Francesco Siddi, production coordinator" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2906 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -4496,7 +4449,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2915 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -4508,7 +4461,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2921 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -4517,7 +4470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2931 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -4530,7 +4483,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2941 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -4544,7 +4497,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2948 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. “Software " @@ -4554,7 +4507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2957 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -4566,7 +4519,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2964 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -4577,7 +4530,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2970 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -4587,7 +4540,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2981 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -4602,7 +4555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2989 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -4613,7 +4566,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2996 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -4623,7 +4576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3010 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -4640,7 +4593,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3015 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -4649,7 +4602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3022 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -4660,7 +4613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3027 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -4669,7 +4622,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3035 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -4681,44 +4634,44 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3037 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3045 -msgid "Cards Against Humanity" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3039 +msgid "## Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3042 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3044 msgid "www.cardsagainsthumanity.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3046 msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3048 msgid "Interview date: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3056 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3050 msgid "Interviewee: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3057 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. “We make a product. We sell " @@ -4726,7 +4679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3065 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or " @@ -4738,7 +4691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3071 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -4748,7 +4701,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3076 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -4757,7 +4710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3082 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -4767,24 +4720,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3087 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " -"download, the" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3093 -msgid "openness to fans remixing the game—give" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3095 -msgid "the game a massive cult following." +"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " +"cult following." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3098 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -4799,7 +4743,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3102 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over " "time. Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to " @@ -4807,7 +4751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3107 msgid "" "But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like the " "game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. It is " @@ -4816,7 +4760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3119 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -4832,7 +4776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3123 msgid "" "“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans were " "going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went with " @@ -4840,7 +4784,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3128 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -4849,7 +4793,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3135 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a little " "subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke.” One " @@ -4860,7 +4804,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3146 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -4875,7 +4819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3153 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -4885,7 +4829,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3158 msgid "" "Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -4894,7 +4838,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3169 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -4909,7 +4853,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3177 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -4921,7 +4865,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3186 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -4934,7 +4878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3192 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -4944,7 +4888,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3199 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than \\$4 million to various charities " "and causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all have other " @@ -4955,7 +4899,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3205 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -4965,7 +4909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3210 msgid "" "“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” Max " "said. “If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not best " @@ -4974,12 +4918,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3220 -msgid "The Conversation" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3212 +msgid "## The Conversation" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3216 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the " @@ -4987,24 +4931,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3218 msgid "theconversation.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3221 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging content creators (universities pay membership fees " "to have their faculties serve as writers), grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3225 msgid "Interviewee: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3235 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -5016,7 +4960,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3241 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -5026,7 +4970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3259 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -5048,7 +4992,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3270 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -5063,7 +5007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3281 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -5077,7 +5021,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3290 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative " @@ -5090,7 +5034,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3303 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -5109,24 +5053,18 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3314 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " -"Attribution-" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3323 -msgid "" -"NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for others to " -"republish elsewhere as long as attribution is given and the content is not " -"edited. Over five years, more than twenty-two thousand sites have " -"republished their content. The Conversation website gets about 2.9 million " -"unique views per month, but through republication they have thirty-five " -"million readers. This couldn’t have been done without the Creative Commons " -"license, and in Andrew’s view, Creative Commons is central to everything the " -"Conversation does." +"Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " +"others to republish elsewhere as long as attribution is given and the " +"content is not edited. Over five years, more than twenty-two thousand sites " +"have republished their content. The Conversation website gets about 2.9 " +"million unique views per month, but through republication they have " +"thirty-five million readers. This couldn’t have been done without the " +"Creative Commons license, and in Andrew’s view, Creative Commons is central " +"to everything the Conversation does." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3321 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has grown " @@ -5136,7 +5074,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3329 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -5147,7 +5085,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3338 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -5159,7 +5097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3345 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -5170,7 +5108,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3351 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -5180,7 +5118,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3359 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -5192,7 +5130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3365 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -5202,7 +5140,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3369 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -5210,7 +5148,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3375 msgid "" "With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation " "represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more informed " @@ -5220,46 +5158,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3386 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4501 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5785 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3377 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4486 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5765 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7410 msgid "Web link" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3379 msgid "theconversation.com/us/charter" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3390 -msgid "Cory Doctorow" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3381 +msgid "## Cory Doctorow" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3384 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3386 msgid "craphound.com and boingboing.net" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3389 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, " "selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3391 msgid "Interview date: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3400 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he is " "not a brand. “To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing that has " @@ -5270,7 +5208,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3404 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -5278,7 +5216,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3413 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -5291,7 +5229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3417 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -5299,7 +5237,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3432 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -5317,7 +5255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3443 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -5332,7 +5270,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3451 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -5344,7 +5282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3459 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -5356,7 +5294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3470 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -5370,7 +5308,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3476 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -5380,7 +5318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3483 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -5390,7 +5328,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3496 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. “Being open to fan activity makes " @@ -5406,7 +5344,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3509 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -5422,7 +5360,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3521 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -5438,7 +5376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3530 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the " @@ -5451,7 +5389,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3539 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -5464,7 +5402,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3548 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -5477,7 +5415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3557 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -5490,7 +5428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3563 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -5500,17 +5438,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3565 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3576 -msgid "Figshare" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3567 +msgid "## Figshare" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3572 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -5518,27 +5456,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3574 msgid "figshare.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3576 msgid "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3578 msgid "Interview date: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3580 msgid "Interviewee: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3591 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -5551,7 +5489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3595 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -5559,7 +5497,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3603 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -5570,7 +5508,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3609 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -5579,7 +5517,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3613 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -5587,7 +5525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3620 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -5598,7 +5536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3626 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and " "open-science communities were already using and recommending Creative " @@ -5608,7 +5546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3631 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data " @@ -5617,7 +5555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3638 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -5627,7 +5565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3644 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -5636,7 +5574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3654 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -5649,7 +5587,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3662 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -5661,7 +5599,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3674 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for " "journals. Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ " @@ -5669,20 +5607,15 @@ msgid "" "articles. Outsourcing this service to Figshare freed publishers from having " "to develop this functionality as part of their own " "infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data also provides a link back to the " -"article, generating additional click-through and readership—a benefit to " -"both journal publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3684 -msgid "" -"research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including " -"Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has " -"convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for the data." +"article, generating additional click-through and readership—a benefit to " +"both journal publishers and researchers. Figshare now provides research-data " +"infrastructure for a wide variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer " +"Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them " +"to use Creative Commons licenses for the data." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3682 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -5694,7 +5627,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3690 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -5706,7 +5639,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3701 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -5720,7 +5653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3709 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -5732,7 +5665,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3716 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -5743,7 +5676,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3725 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other " @@ -5756,7 +5689,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3735 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -5769,7 +5702,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3755 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3745 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -5782,7 +5715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3752 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -5792,7 +5725,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3764 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -5808,27 +5741,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3770 msgid "figshare.com/articles/Journal\\_subscription\\_costs\\_FOIs\\_to\\_UK\\_universities/1186832" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3770 msgid "retr0.shinyapps.io/journal\\_costs/?year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3770 msgid "figshare.com/features" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3782 -msgid "Figure.NZ" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3772 +msgid "## Figure.NZ" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3776 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -5836,29 +5769,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3778 msgid "figure.nz" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3781 msgid "" "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators, donations, " "sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3783 msgid "Interview date: May 3, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3795 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3785 msgid "Interviewee: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3804 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,1 Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace " @@ -5878,7 +5811,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3813 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -5891,7 +5824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3825 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -5906,7 +5839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3840 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -5924,7 +5857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3854 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -5941,7 +5874,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3865 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -5956,7 +5889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3882 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -5976,7 +5909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3887 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -5985,7 +5918,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3900 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -6002,7 +5935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3911 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -6017,7 +5950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3917 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -6027,7 +5960,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3921 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.4 Patrons donate to topic areas they care about, " "directly enabling Figure.NZ to get data together to flesh out those " @@ -6035,7 +5968,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3926 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -6044,7 +5977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3936 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -6058,7 +5991,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3945 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -6070,7 +6003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3957 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -6086,7 +6019,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3965 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We " @@ -6097,7 +6030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3969 msgid "" "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -6105,7 +6038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3973 msgid "" "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -6113,7 +6046,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3983 msgid "" "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -6126,7 +6059,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3989 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -6135,7 +6068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3997 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people analyze " "what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -6146,48 +6079,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4004 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " -"the “network effect”—" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015 -msgid "" -"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " -"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect " -"possible." +"the “network effect”— users dramatically increasing value for themselves and " +"for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making " +"the network effect possible." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4011 msgid "www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF\\_harness-the-power.pdf" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4011 msgid "www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4011 msgid "figure.nz/business/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4011 msgid "figure.nz/patrons/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4024 -msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4013 +msgid "## Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4017 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6195,50 +6122,44 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4019 msgid "knowledgeunlatched.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4021 msgid "Revenue model: crowdfunding (specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4023 msgid "Interview date: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4036 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4025 msgid "Interviewee: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4041 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " "the UK-based Knowledge Unlatched with a mission to enable open access to " -"scholarly books. For Frances, the current scholarly-" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4053 -msgid "" -"book-publishing system is not working for anyone, and especially not for " -"monographs in the humanities and social sciences. Knowledge Unlatched is " -"committed to changing this and has been working with libraries to create a " -"sustainable alternative model for publishing scholarly books, sharing the " -"cost of making monographs (released under a Creative Commons license) and " -"savings costs over the long term. Since its launch, Knowledge Unlatched has " -"received several awards, including the IFLA/Brill Open Access award in 2014 " -"and a Curtin University Commercial Innovation Award for Innovation in " -"Education in 2015." +"scholarly books. For Frances, the current scholarly- book-publishing system " +"is not working for anyone, and especially not for monographs in the " +"humanities and social sciences. Knowledge Unlatched is committed to changing " +"this and has been working with libraries to create a sustainable alternative " +"model for publishing scholarly books, sharing the cost of making monographs " +"(released under a Creative Commons license) and savings costs over the long " +"term. Since its launch, Knowledge Unlatched has received several awards, " +"including the IFLA/Brill Open Access award in 2014 and a Curtin University " +"Commercial Innovation Award for Innovation in Education in 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4046 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6247,7 +6168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4051 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6256,7 +6177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4065 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6274,7 +6195,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4072 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6285,7 +6206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4091 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6296,7 +6217,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4086 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6306,7 +6227,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4095 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6319,35 +6240,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4098 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4116 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4116 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4116 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4116 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6356,7 +6277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4116 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6364,7 +6285,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '6. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4116 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6372,7 +6293,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4124 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6384,7 +6305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4133 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.4 Most books have been licensed with CC BY-NC or CC " @@ -6397,7 +6318,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4143 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6410,7 +6331,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4156 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6427,7 +6348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4161 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6435,7 +6356,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4169 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6447,7 +6368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4173 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -6455,7 +6376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4177 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -6463,7 +6384,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4185 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "\\$5,000 to \\$50,000. A good one costs in the \\$10,000 to \\$15,000 " @@ -6475,7 +6396,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4194 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -6487,7 +6408,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4203 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -6499,7 +6420,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4210 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many " "of the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -6509,7 +6430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4220 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -6523,14 +6444,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4223 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4232 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by " "grants. In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is " @@ -6543,7 +6464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4241 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -6556,64 +6477,64 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4249 msgid "www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward\\_an\\_Open.pdf" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4249 msgid "www.oapen.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4249 msgid "www.hathitrust.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4249 msgid "collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4249 msgid "www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4263 -msgid "Lumen Learning" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4251 +msgid "## Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4254 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4256 msgid "lumenlearning.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4258 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4260 msgid "Interview date: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4262 msgid "Interviewees: David Wiley and Kim Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4284 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and " "education-technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to " @@ -6636,25 +6557,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4293 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " -"for-" +"for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " +"education sector but meant they’d be constantly fund-raising and seeking " +"grants from philanthropies. Also, grants usually require money to be used in " +"certain ways for specific deliverables. If you learn things along the way " +"that change how you think the grant money should be used, there often isn’t " +"a lot of flexibility to do so." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4306 -msgid "" -"profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the education " -"sector but meant they’d be constantly fund-raising and seeking grants from " -"philanthropies. Also, grants usually require money to be used in certain " -"ways for specific deliverables. If you learn things along the way that " -"change how you think the grant money should be used, there often isn’t a lot " -"of flexibility to do so." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4301 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -6665,7 +6580,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4307 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -6675,7 +6590,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4319 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -6691,33 +6606,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4328 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4328 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4328 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4328 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4334 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -6727,7 +6642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4340 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -6737,7 +6652,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4346 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -6747,7 +6662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4353 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -6758,7 +6673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4368 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -6776,7 +6691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4377 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -6789,7 +6704,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4387 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. " "The open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from " @@ -6802,7 +6717,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4393 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -6812,7 +6727,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4402 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -6825,22 +6740,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4410 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " "grant funders. People in their network generously increase the visibility of " "Lumen through presentations, word of mouth, and referrals. Sometimes the " -"number of general inquiries exceed Lumen’s sales" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4424 -msgid "capacity." +"number of general inquiries exceed Lumen’s sales capacity." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4421 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -6855,7 +6765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4429 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -6867,23 +6777,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4438 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " "Why should you invest in creating something that people will be reluctant to " "pay for? How do you ensure that the investment the diverse education " "community makes in OER is not exploited? Lumen thinks we all need to be " -"clear about how we are benefiting from and contributing to the open" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4453 -msgid "community." +"clear about how we are benefiting from and contributing to the open " +"community." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4445 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -6894,7 +6800,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4469 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4454 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -6907,7 +6813,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4461 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -6918,7 +6824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4466 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -6927,7 +6833,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4476 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than " @@ -6941,7 +6847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4484 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -6953,34 +6859,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4488 msgid "lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4505 -msgid "Jonathan Mann" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4490 +msgid "## Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4493 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the “Song " "A Day” guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4510 -msgid "jonathanmann.net and" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4495 +msgid "jonathanmann.net and jonathanmann.bandcamp.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4512 -msgid "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4499 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for custom services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for in-person version (speaking engagements " @@ -6988,12 +6889,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4501 msgid "Interview date: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4513 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as “hustling”—seizing nearly " "every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income comes from " @@ -7006,7 +6907,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4522 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7019,7 +6920,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4527 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful “hustling” is also about old-fashioned persistence. He " "is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song each day. He " @@ -7028,7 +6929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4535 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7040,7 +6941,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4549 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7057,7 +6958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4556 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7068,7 +6969,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4563 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super simple " "to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a heartfelt, " @@ -7079,7 +6980,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4570 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7089,7 +6990,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4578 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7101,7 +7002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4584 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7111,7 +7012,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4592 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. “I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a really " @@ -7123,7 +7024,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4602 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those " "skills. Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift " @@ -7136,7 +7037,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4616 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7147,32 +7048,21 @@ msgid "" "really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his " "work is a song rather than news. “There is something about being challenged " "and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung " -"about" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4634 -msgid "" -"or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,” he said. “I find that " +"about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,” he said. “I find that " "creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that process.”" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4622 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " "business model is about capitalizing on his strengths as a songwriter, and " -"he has found a way to keep it interesting for" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4641 -msgid "himself." +"he has found a way to keep it interesting for himself." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4632 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7186,7 +7076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4639 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and " "grit. Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in " @@ -7197,7 +7087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4645 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7207,7 +7097,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4652 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He " "is constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his " @@ -7217,7 +7107,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4656 msgid "" "“Success feels like it’s over,” he said. “To a certain extent, a creative " "person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied because then so much " @@ -7225,12 +7115,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4677 -msgid "Noun Project" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4658 +msgid "## Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4662 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7238,27 +7128,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4664 msgid "thenounproject.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4666 msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4668 msgid "Interview date: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4670 msgid "Interviewee: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4676 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7266,7 +7156,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4683 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7277,7 +7167,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4689 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7287,7 +7177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4696 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7297,7 +7187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4704 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7309,7 +7199,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4710 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7319,7 +7209,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4718 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s " @@ -7330,7 +7220,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4723 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7339,7 +7229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4735 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7354,7 +7244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4744 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7366,7 +7256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4750 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7376,7 +7266,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4762 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost \\$1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added " @@ -7392,7 +7282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4773 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7407,7 +7297,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4777 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For " "one-off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7415,7 +7305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4786 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7428,20 +7318,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4791 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.2 They tend to over communicate with creators about it because " -"building trust is the top" +"building trust is the top priority." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4811 -msgid "priority." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4797 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7450,7 +7335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4829 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4809 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can use " "Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7465,7 +7350,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4815 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7475,7 +7360,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4820 msgid "" "For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual language” " "is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their stated mission. It " @@ -7483,7 +7368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4827 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -7494,7 +7379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4832 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -7503,7 +7388,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4860 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4840 msgid "" "Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community " "around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat for you " @@ -7515,7 +7400,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4845 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -7524,7 +7409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4853 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.2 In partnership with a sponsoring organization, the Noun Project " @@ -7536,7 +7421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4861 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -7548,27 +7433,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4867 msgid "www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4867 msgid "thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/\\#getting\\_paid" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4867 msgid "thenounproject.com/iconathon/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4889 -msgid "Open Data Institute" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4869 +msgid "## Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -7576,29 +7461,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4875 msgid "theodi.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4878 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant and government funding, charging for custom services, " "donations" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880 msgid "Interview date: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4882 msgid "Interviewee: Jeni Tennison, technical director" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4892 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the " "London-based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -7610,7 +7495,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4902 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of " "society. Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight " @@ -7624,7 +7509,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4908 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -7634,29 +7519,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4915 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4915 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4915 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4915 msgid "show how open data can improve public services.1" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4923 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -7667,7 +7552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4949 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4929 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -7677,7 +7562,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4935 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -7687,7 +7572,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4962 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4942 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -7697,14 +7582,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4945 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4956 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -7719,7 +7604,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4968 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -7734,7 +7619,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4976 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more " "demand. Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship " @@ -7745,7 +7630,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4983 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -7755,7 +7640,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4990 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -7766,12 +7651,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4993 msgid "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5008 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -7779,7 +7664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5008 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -7789,7 +7674,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5008 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -7798,7 +7683,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5036 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5016 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United " "Kingdom. But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors " @@ -7809,7 +7694,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5026 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -7823,7 +7708,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5030 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -7831,7 +7716,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5058 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5038 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -7842,7 +7727,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5044 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -7852,7 +7737,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5049 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -7861,7 +7746,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5054 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -7870,7 +7755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5070 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -7889,7 +7774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5074 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -7897,7 +7782,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5086 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -7906,64 +7791,64 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5086 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5086 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5086 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5086 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5086 msgid "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: 5,0805" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5095 msgid "e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5095 msgid "directory.theodi.org/members" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5095 msgid "theodi.org/odi-startup-programme; theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5095 msgid "certificates.theodi.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5115 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5095 msgid "dashboards.theodi.org/company/all" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5117 -msgid "OpenDesk" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5097 +msgid "## OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -7971,27 +7856,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5103 msgid "www.opendesk.cc" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5125 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5105 MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7055 msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5107 msgid "Interview date: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5109 msgid "Interviewees: Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5116 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8000,7 +7885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5131 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8018,7 +7903,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5137 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8027,7 +7912,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5147 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8040,7 +7925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5153 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8050,7 +7935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5157 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8058,7 +7943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5163 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8068,7 +7953,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5168 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8077,7 +7962,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5173 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8086,7 +7971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5182 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8099,7 +7984,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5190 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8111,7 +7996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5194 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8119,14 +8004,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5197 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5219 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8134,14 +8019,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5219 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5219 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8149,7 +8034,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5219 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to " @@ -8158,14 +8043,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5219 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5219 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8174,17 +8059,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5219 msgid "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)3" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5221 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5230 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8197,34 +8082,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5238 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5238 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5238 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5238 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5238 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5243 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to Nick " "and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8232,7 +8117,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5250 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8242,7 +8127,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5258 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8253,7 +8138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5264 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as “open making”: " "“Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs and " @@ -8263,7 +8148,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8273,7 +8158,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5278 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the “open making” business model. They’re engaging thought " @@ -8285,7 +8170,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5284 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8295,29 +8180,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5287 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5289 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5292 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5292 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5296 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8325,28 +8210,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5305 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5305 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5305 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5314 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8358,7 +8243,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5320 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8368,7 +8253,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5345 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5325 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8377,32 +8262,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5332 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/designers" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5332 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5332 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5332 msgid "openmaking.is" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5354 -msgid "OpenStax" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5334 +msgid "## OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement " @@ -8410,29 +8295,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5340 msgid "www.openstaxcollege.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5343 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant funding, charging for custom services, charging for " "physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5345 msgid "Interview date: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5347 msgid "Interviewee: David Harris, editor-in-chief" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5380 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5360 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8446,7 +8331,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5369 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8459,7 +8344,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5379 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -8473,7 +8358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5388 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -8485,7 +8370,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5396 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -8496,7 +8381,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5403 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -8506,7 +8391,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5408 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -8515,7 +8400,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5413 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -8524,7 +8409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5418 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -8533,7 +8418,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5427 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on " @@ -8546,7 +8431,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5436 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -8558,7 +8443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5444 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -8570,7 +8455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5454 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak " "efficiency. OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing " @@ -8584,7 +8469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5460 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -8594,7 +8479,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5469 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -8606,7 +8491,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5480 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -8621,7 +8506,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5487 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0? " "Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally funded " @@ -8632,7 +8517,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5498 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -8646,7 +8531,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5513 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -8665,7 +8550,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5522 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an " @@ -8677,7 +8562,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5530 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation license.” " "It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their textbooks in " @@ -8689,7 +8574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5539 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -8701,34 +8586,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5542 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5551 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5551 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5551 msgid "Money saved for students: \\$155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5551 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: \\$77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5551 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -8737,7 +8622,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5556 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -8746,7 +8631,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5582 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5562 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -8756,7 +8641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5572 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -8769,32 +8654,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5577 msgid "news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5577 msgid "openstax.org/adopters" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5599 -msgid "Amanda Palmer" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5579 +msgid "## Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5581 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5583 msgid "amandapalmer.net" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5587 msgid "" "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, " "charging for physical copies (book and album sales), charg-ing for in-person " @@ -8802,12 +8687,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5589 msgid "Interview date: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5595 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new ways to " @@ -8815,7 +8700,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5601 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . . . in " @@ -8824,7 +8709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5608 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -8835,7 +8720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5620 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -8850,7 +8735,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5629 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach “her crowd” " @@ -8862,7 +8747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5639 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -8875,7 +8760,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5649 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -8888,7 +8773,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5664 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -8907,7 +8792,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5671 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -8917,7 +8802,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5679 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -8928,7 +8813,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5689 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -8942,7 +8827,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5698 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -8954,7 +8839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5705 msgid "" "“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable " "and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the flaws and " @@ -8965,7 +8850,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5713 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -8977,7 +8862,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5721 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -8989,7 +8874,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5728 msgid "" "“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, " "they become your allies, your family,” she wrote. There really is a feeling " @@ -8999,7 +8884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5736 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. “I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of person " @@ -9011,7 +8896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5747 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9026,7 +8911,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5755 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. “It sounds so corny,” she said, “but my experience in forty " @@ -9037,7 +8922,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5763 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9049,22 +8934,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5767 msgid "http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/\\#44e20ce46d67" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5789 -msgid "PLOS" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5769 +msgid "## PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5791 -msgid "(Public Library of Science)" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5795 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5773 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the " @@ -9072,29 +8952,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5775 msgid "plos.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5778 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging content creators an author processing charge to be " "featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5780 msgid "Interview date: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5782 msgid "Interviewee: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5796 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9110,7 +8990,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5806 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9124,7 +9004,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5816 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9138,7 +9018,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5826 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9152,7 +9032,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5837 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9166,7 +9046,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5845 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9178,7 +9058,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5850 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9187,7 +9067,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5865 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9205,7 +9085,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5872 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC " "BY). This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content " @@ -9216,7 +9096,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5898 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5876 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9224,7 +9104,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5884 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9235,7 +9115,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5889 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9244,7 +9124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5897 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9255,7 +9135,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5904 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9265,7 +9145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5925 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9289,7 +9169,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5929 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9297,7 +9177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5934 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9306,7 +9186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5944 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9320,7 +9200,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5949 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9329,7 +9209,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5964 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9348,7 +9228,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5972 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9360,7 +9240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6006 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5984 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9375,7 +9255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5993 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9387,7 +9267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6001 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9399,7 +9279,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6005 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9407,56 +9287,53 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6010 msgid "collections.plos.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6010 msgid "plos.org/article-level-metrics" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6034 -msgid "Rijksmuseum" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6012 +msgid "## Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6015 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6017 msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6042 -msgid "Revenue model: grants and government funding, charging for in-person version" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6044 -msgid "(museum admission), selling merchandise" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6021 +msgid "" +"Revenue model: grants and government funding, charging for in-person version " +"(museum admission), selling merchandise" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6023 msgid "Interview date: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6026 msgid "" "Interviewee: Lizzy Jongma, the data manager of the collections information " "department" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6042 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -9473,7 +9350,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6054 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -9489,7 +9366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6062 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -9500,7 +9377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6074 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.1 As an online portal to " @@ -9516,7 +9393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6085 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -9530,7 +9407,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6097 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -9545,7 +9422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6107 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for " @@ -9559,7 +9436,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6120 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of " "poor-quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of " @@ -9575,7 +9452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6127 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -9586,7 +9463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6139 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -9601,7 +9478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6146 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -9612,7 +9489,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6155 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -9625,7 +9502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6160 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -9634,25 +9511,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6170 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the " "Rijksstudio. The answer was that contemporary artists’ works are still bound " "by copyright. The Rijksmuseum does encourage contemporary artists to use a " -"Creative Commons license for their works, usually a CC BY-SA license" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6194 -msgid "" +"Creative Commons license for their works, usually a CC BY-SA license " "(Attribution-ShareAlike), or a CC BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial) if they " "want to preclude commercial use. That way, their works can be made available " "to the public, but within limits the artists have specified." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6180 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -9666,7 +9538,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6193 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.4 With the call to action Make " @@ -9683,7 +9555,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6197 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -9691,7 +9563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6204 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -9702,7 +9574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6215 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -9717,7 +9589,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6232 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came up " "with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things people " @@ -9737,22 +9609,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6242 msgid "www.europeana.eu/portal/en" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6242 msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6242 msgid "www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6242 msgid "" "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award; the 2014 award: " "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014; the 2015 award: " @@ -9760,44 +9632,44 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6242 msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6268 -msgid "Shareable" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6244 +msgid "## Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6247 msgid "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249 msgid "www.shareable.net" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6252 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant funding, crowdfunding (project-based), donations, " "sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6254 msgid "Interview date: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6256 msgid "Interviewee: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6267 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -9810,7 +9682,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6277 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -9823,7 +9695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6284 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -9834,7 +9706,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6293 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -9847,7 +9719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6303 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -9860,7 +9732,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6312 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. “We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes the " @@ -9873,7 +9745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6324 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. “Particularly in content areas that are a " @@ -9889,7 +9761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6360 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6336 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -9905,7 +9777,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6344 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -9917,7 +9789,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6349 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -9926,7 +9798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6357 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -9938,7 +9810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6367 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This " "is true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. “We " @@ -9952,7 +9824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6376 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -9964,7 +9836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6382 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -9974,7 +9846,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6396 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -9992,7 +9864,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6401 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a " @@ -10001,12 +9873,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6427 -msgid "Siyavula" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6403 +msgid "## Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6407 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10014,27 +9886,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6409 msgid "www.siyavula.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6411 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6413 msgid "Interview date: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6415 msgid "Interviewee: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6423 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10044,7 +9916,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6428 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10053,7 +9925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6435 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10063,7 +9935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6443 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10074,22 +9946,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6450 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " "the textbooks were adopted showed there were no substantial criticisms of " "the textbooks’ pedagogical content. This pleased both the authors and " -"Shuttleworth; Mark remains incredibly proud of this" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6475 -msgid "accomplishment." +"Shuttleworth; Mark remains incredibly proud of this accomplishment." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6455 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10098,7 +9965,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6463 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10109,7 +9976,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6470 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10119,7 +9986,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6483 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. " @@ -10135,7 +10002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6491 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10146,7 +10013,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6497 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10155,7 +10022,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6504 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They tried " "creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10166,7 +10033,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6511 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10176,7 +10043,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6519 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10187,7 +10054,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6530 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10201,7 +10068,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6535 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10210,7 +10077,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6543 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10221,7 +10088,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6551 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10232,7 +10099,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6558 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10243,7 +10110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6563 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10252,7 +10119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6570 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10263,7 +10130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6580 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale " "up. They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10276,7 +10143,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6588 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10287,7 +10154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6594 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10297,7 +10164,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6600 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10307,7 +10174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6608 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10319,7 +10186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6615 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10330,7 +10197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6624 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10343,7 +10210,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6632 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10355,7 +10222,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6639 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10365,7 +10232,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6648 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10378,7 +10245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6653 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The " @@ -10387,7 +10254,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6660 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. " "These include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over " @@ -10397,7 +10264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6673 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -10413,59 +10280,59 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6680 msgid "www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6680 msgid "www.capetowndeclaration.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6680 msgid "cnx.org" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6680 msgid "www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6707 -msgid "Sparkfun" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6682 +msgid "## Sparkfun" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6685 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open " "hardware. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687 msgid "www.sparkfun.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6689 msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6691 msgid "Interview date: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6693 msgid "Interviewee: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6701 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -10475,7 +10342,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6706 msgid "" "“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan " "said. “I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we were " @@ -10484,7 +10351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6714 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -10495,7 +10362,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6722 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our " "natural human instinct to share,” he said. But he also strongly believes it " @@ -10506,7 +10373,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6726 msgid "" "“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your territory " "with intellectual property allows you to get comfy and rest on your " @@ -10514,7 +10381,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6734 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. “Our products are so much better than they were five years " @@ -10526,7 +10393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6742 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -10538,7 +10405,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6751 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -10551,7 +10418,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6758 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -10562,7 +10429,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6765 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned \\$33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -10573,7 +10440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6772 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping " @@ -10584,7 +10451,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6776 msgid "" "“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,” Nathan said. “Our goal is to affect the lives of three " @@ -10592,7 +10459,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6785 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -10605,7 +10472,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6794 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -10617,7 +10484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6805 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -10632,7 +10499,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6813 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -10644,7 +10511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6819 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -10654,7 +10521,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6829 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -10667,7 +10534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6837 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -10679,7 +10546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6845 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -10690,7 +10557,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6857 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -10705,12 +10572,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6884 -msgid "TeachAIDS" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6859 +msgid "## TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6863 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the " @@ -10718,27 +10585,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6865 msgid "teachaids.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6867 msgid "Revenue model: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6869 msgid "Interview date: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6871 msgid "Interviewees: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6878 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -10747,7 +10614,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6889 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -10762,7 +10629,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6907 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -10783,7 +10650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6917 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -10797,7 +10664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6921 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -10805,7 +10672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6934 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -10821,7 +10688,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6941 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -10832,7 +10699,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6948 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -10843,7 +10710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6961 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -10859,7 +10726,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6975 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -10876,7 +10743,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6992 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -10896,7 +10763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7003 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -10911,7 +10778,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7012 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -10924,7 +10791,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7020 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -10936,7 +10803,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7056 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7031 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,” Piya " @@ -10951,7 +10818,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7038 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -10962,7 +10829,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7070 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7045 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving " "education—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins " @@ -10973,12 +10840,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7072 -msgid "Tribe of Noise" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7047 +msgid "## Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7051 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -10986,22 +10853,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7053 msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7057 msgid "Interview date: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7059 msgid "Interviewee: Hessel van Oorschot, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7069 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11012,7 +10879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7077 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11024,7 +10891,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7085 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11036,7 +10903,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7091 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11046,7 +10913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7098 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11056,7 +10923,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7106 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11068,7 +10935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7124 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11089,7 +10956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7135 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11104,7 +10971,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7142 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11114,7 +10981,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7151 msgid "" "A few of your songs \\[licensed with CC BY-SA\\], for example five in total, " "are selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11127,7 +10994,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7160 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11139,7 +11006,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7169 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11152,7 +11019,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7176 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11162,7 +11029,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7181 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11171,7 +11038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7188 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to " "work. With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing " @@ -11181,7 +11048,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7197 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11194,7 +11061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7205 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11206,7 +11073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7216 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11216,16 +11083,11 @@ msgid "" "little reason to sign with a third party or hand over some of the " "control. Still a small but growing group of Tribe members are pursuing a " "hybrid model by licensing some of their songs under CC BY-SA and opting in " -"others with collecting societies like" +"others with collecting societies like ASCAP or BMI." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7242 -msgid "ASCAP or BMI." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7231 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11243,7 +11105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7240 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11256,56 +11118,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7245 msgid "www.instoremusicservice.com" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7245 msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com/info\\_instoremusic.php" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7273 -msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7247 +msgid "## Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7250 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7252 msgid "wikimediafoundation.org" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7254 msgid "Revenue model: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7256 msgid "Interview date: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7259 msgid "" "Interviewees: Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community Engagement, and " "Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7263 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7269 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the " @@ -11315,7 +11177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7273 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what " @@ -11323,7 +11185,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7285 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11339,7 +11201,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7290 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, “There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.” While it " @@ -11348,7 +11210,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7323 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7297 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11359,7 +11221,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7307 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11373,7 +11235,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7327 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11396,7 +11258,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7340 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11412,7 +11274,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7351 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11426,7 +11288,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7367 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -11445,7 +11307,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7375 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -11457,7 +11319,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7384 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -11469,7 +11331,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7392 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -11481,7 +11343,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7397 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -11490,7 +11352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7402 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -11499,7 +11361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7408 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. “The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, but it " @@ -11508,17 +11370,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7412 msgid "gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7440 -msgid "Bibliography" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7414 +msgid "## Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7419 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -11526,33 +11388,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7423 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7425 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7428 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7431 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7436 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. " @@ -11561,7 +11423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7441 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open " "Economy. Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. " @@ -11570,7 +11432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7446 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -11579,14 +11441,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7449 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the " "Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7457 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through " @@ -11597,54 +11459,54 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7460 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7463 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7466 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7468 msgid "www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7472 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7475 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7478 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7484 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -11654,7 +11516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7488 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " "Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -11662,21 +11524,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7517 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7491 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7494 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7498 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " "at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. " @@ -11684,7 +11546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7503 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -11693,21 +11555,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7506 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan " "Hoover. New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7509 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a " "Post-Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7513 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit " "Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -11715,21 +11577,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7516 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared " "Resources. New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7520 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "eds. Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7524 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -11737,124 +11599,124 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7527 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7530 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New York: " "Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7533 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7537 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7540 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7543 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7546 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7549 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7552 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7554 msgid "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7557 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7560 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being " "Creative. New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7563 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7566 msgid "" "Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” " "BBC News, March 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7569 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7572 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7575 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7579 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -11862,7 +11724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7583 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at " @@ -11870,7 +11732,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7587 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -11878,14 +11740,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7590 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7596 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -11895,7 +11757,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7601 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. " @@ -11904,7 +11766,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7606 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -11913,7 +11775,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7610 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -11921,7 +11783,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7614 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -11929,73 +11791,73 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7616 msgid "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7619 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7622 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7625 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7628 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7631 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing " "Economy. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7634 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7637 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7640 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7642 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7646 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12003,21 +11865,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7649 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7652 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7658 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12027,7 +11889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7662 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. " @@ -12035,26 +11897,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7665 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. " "web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7668 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and " "Performance. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7696 -msgid "Acknowledgments" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7670 +msgid "## Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7676 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12064,7 +11926,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7680 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12072,7 +11934,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7686 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12082,7 +11944,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7691 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter " @@ -12091,7 +11953,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7738 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12140,7 +12002,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8091 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -12192,12 +12054,7 @@ msgid "" "Carlos Correa Loyola, Carlos Solis, Carmen Garcia Wiedenhoeft, Carol Long, " "Carol marquardsen, Caroline Calomme, Caroline Mailloux, Carolyn Hinchliff, " "Carolyn Rude, Carrie Cousins, Carrie Watkins, Casey Hunt, Casey Milford, " -"Casey Powell Shorthouse, Cat Cooper, Cecilie Maria, Cedric Howe, Cefn Hoile," -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7863 -msgid "" +"Casey Powell Shorthouse, Cat Cooper, Cecilie Maria, Cedric Howe, Cefn Hoile, " "@ShrimpingIt, Celia Muller, Ces Keller, Chad Anderson, Charles Butler, " "Charles Carstensen, Charles Chi Thoi Le, Charles Kobbe, Charles S. Tritt, " "Charles Stanhope, Charlotte Ong-Wisener, Chealsye Bowley, Chelle Destefano, " @@ -12238,65 +12095,48 @@ msgid "" "Dom Lane, Domi Enders, Domingo Gallardo, Dominic de Haas, Dominique " "Karadjian, Dongpo Deng, Donnovan Knight, Door de Flines, Doug Fitzpatrick, " "Doug Hoover, Douglas Craver, Douglas Van Camp, Douglas Van Houweling, Dr. " -"Braddlee, Drew Spencer, Duncan" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7869 -msgid "" -"Sample, Durand D’souza, Dylan Field, E C Humphries, Eamon Caddigan, Earleen " -"Smith, Eden Sarid, Eden Spodek, Eduardo Belinchon, Eduardo Castro, Edwin " -"Vandam, Einar Joergensen, Ejnar Brendsdal, Elad Wieder, Elar Haljas, Elena " -"Valhalla, Eli Doran, Elias Bouchi, Elie Calhoun, Elizabeth Holloway, Ellen " -"Buecher, Ellen Kaye-" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7900 -msgid "" -"Cheveldayoff, Elli Verhulst, Elroy Fernandes, Emery Hurst Mikel, Emily " -"Catedral, Enrique Mandujano R., Eric Astor, Eric Axelrod, Eric Celeste, Eric " -"Finkenbiner, Eric Hellman, Eric Steuer, Erica Fletcher, Erik Hedman, Erik " -"Lindholm Bundgaard, Erika Reid, Erin Hawley, Erin McKean of Wordnik, Ernest " -"Risner, Erwan Bousse, Erwin Bell, Ethan Celery, Étienne Gilli, Eugeen " -"Sablin, Evan Tangman, Evonne Okafor, Evtim Papushev, Fabien Cambi, Fabio " -"Natali, Fauxton Software, Felix Deierlein, Felix Gebauer, Felix Maximiliano " -"Obes, Felix Schmidt, Felix Zephyr Hsiao, Ferdies Food Lab, Fernand " -"Deschambault, Filipe Rodrigues, Filippo Toso, Fiona MacAlister, " -"fiona.mac.uk, Floor Scheffer, Florent Darrault, Florian Hähnel, Florian " -"Schneider, Floyd Wilde, Foxtrot Games, Francis Clarke, Francisco " -"Rivas-Portillo, Francois Dechery, Francois Grey, François Gros, François " -"Pelletier, Fred Benenson, Frédéric Abella, Frédéric Schütz, Fredrik Ekelund, " -"Fumi Yamazaki, Gabor Sooki-Toth, Gabriel Staples, Gabriel Véjar Valenzuela, " -"Gal Buki, Gareth Jordan, Garrett Heath, Gary Anson, Gary Forster, Gatien de " -"Broucker, Gaurav Kapil, Gauthier de Valensart, Gavin Gray, Gavin Romig-Koch, " -"Geoff Wood, Geoffrey Lehr, George Baier IV, George De Bruin, George Lawie, " -"George Strakhov, Gerard Gorman, Geronimo de la Lama, Gianpaolo Rando, Gil " -"Stendig, Gino Cingolani Trucco, Giovanna Sala, Glen Moffat, Glenn D. Jones, " -"Glenn Otis Brown, Global Lives Project, Gorm Lai, Govindarajan Umakanthan, " -"Graham Bird, Graham Freeman, Graham Heath, Graham Jones, Graham " -"Smith-Gordon, Graham Vowles, Greg Brodsky, Greg Malone, Grégoire Detrez, " -"Gregory Chevalley, Gregory Flynn, Grit Matthias, Gui Louback, Guillaume " -"Rischard, Gustavo Vaz de Carvalho Gonçalves, Gustin Johnson, Gwen Franck, " -"Gwilym Lucas, Haggen So, Håkon T Sønderland, Hamid Larbi, Hamish MacEwan, " -"Hannes Leo, Hans Bickhofe, Hans de Raad, Hans Vd Horst, Harold van Ingen, " -"Harold Watson, Harry Chapman, Harry Kaczka, Harry Torque, Hayden Glass, " -"Hayley Rosenblum, Heather Leson, Helen Crisp, Helen" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8121 -msgid "" -"Michaud, Helen Qubain, Helle Rekdal Schønemann, Henrique Flach Latorre " -"Moreno, Henry Finn, Henry Kaiser, Henry Lahore, Henry Steingieser, Hermann " -"Paar, Hillary Miller, Hironori Kuriaki, Holly Dykes, Holly Lyne, Hubert " -"Gertis, Hugh Geenen, Humble Daisy, Hüppe Keith, Iain Davidson, Ian Capstick, " -"Ian Johnson, Ian Upton, Icaro Ferracini, Igor Lesko, Imran Haider, Inma de " -"la Torre, Iris Brest, Irwin Madriaga, Isaac Sandaljian, Isaiah Tanenbaum, " -"Ivan F. Villanueva B., J P Cleverdon, Jaakko Tammela Jr, Jacek Darken " -"Gołębiowski, Jack Hart, Jacky Hood, Jacob Dante Leffler, Jaime Perla, Jaime " -"Woo, Jake Campbell, Jake Loeterman, Jakes Rawlinson, James Allenspach, James " -"Chesky, James Cloos, James Docherty, James Ellars, James K Wood, James " +"Braddlee, Drew Spencer, Duncan Sample, Durand D’souza, Dylan Field, E C " +"Humphries, Eamon Caddigan, Earleen Smith, Eden Sarid, Eden Spodek, Eduardo " +"Belinchon, Eduardo Castro, Edwin Vandam, Einar Joergensen, Ejnar Brendsdal, " +"Elad Wieder, Elar Haljas, Elena Valhalla, Eli Doran, Elias Bouchi, Elie " +"Calhoun, Elizabeth Holloway, Ellen Buecher, Ellen Kaye- Cheveldayoff, Elli " +"Verhulst, Elroy Fernandes, Emery Hurst Mikel, Emily Catedral, Enrique " +"Mandujano R., Eric Astor, Eric Axelrod, Eric Celeste, Eric Finkenbiner, Eric " +"Hellman, Eric Steuer, Erica Fletcher, Erik Hedman, Erik Lindholm Bundgaard, " +"Erika Reid, Erin Hawley, Erin McKean of Wordnik, Ernest Risner, Erwan " +"Bousse, Erwin Bell, Ethan Celery, Étienne Gilli, Eugeen Sablin, Evan " +"Tangman, Evonne Okafor, Evtim Papushev, Fabien Cambi, Fabio Natali, Fauxton " +"Software, Felix Deierlein, Felix Gebauer, Felix Maximiliano Obes, Felix " +"Schmidt, Felix Zephyr Hsiao, Ferdies Food Lab, Fernand Deschambault, Filipe " +"Rodrigues, Filippo Toso, Fiona MacAlister, fiona.mac.uk, Floor Scheffer, " +"Florent Darrault, Florian Hähnel, Florian Schneider, Floyd Wilde, Foxtrot " +"Games, Francis Clarke, Francisco Rivas-Portillo, Francois Dechery, Francois " +"Grey, François Gros, François Pelletier, Fred Benenson, Frédéric Abella, " +"Frédéric Schütz, Fredrik Ekelund, Fumi Yamazaki, Gabor Sooki-Toth, Gabriel " +"Staples, Gabriel Véjar Valenzuela, Gal Buki, Gareth Jordan, Garrett Heath, " +"Gary Anson, Gary Forster, Gatien de Broucker, Gaurav Kapil, Gauthier de " +"Valensart, Gavin Gray, Gavin Romig-Koch, Geoff Wood, Geoffrey Lehr, George " +"Baier IV, George De Bruin, George Lawie, George Strakhov, Gerard Gorman, " +"Geronimo de la Lama, Gianpaolo Rando, Gil Stendig, Gino Cingolani Trucco, " +"Giovanna Sala, Glen Moffat, Glenn D. Jones, Glenn Otis Brown, Global Lives " +"Project, Gorm Lai, Govindarajan Umakanthan, Graham Bird, Graham Freeman, " +"Graham Heath, Graham Jones, Graham Smith-Gordon, Graham Vowles, Greg " +"Brodsky, Greg Malone, Grégoire Detrez, Gregory Chevalley, Gregory Flynn, " +"Grit Matthias, Gui Louback, Guillaume Rischard, Gustavo Vaz de Carvalho " +"Gonçalves, Gustin Johnson, Gwen Franck, Gwilym Lucas, Haggen So, Håkon T " +"Sønderland, Hamid Larbi, Hamish MacEwan, Hannes Leo, Hans Bickhofe, Hans de " +"Raad, Hans Vd Horst, Harold van Ingen, Harold Watson, Harry Chapman, Harry " +"Kaczka, Harry Torque, Hayden Glass, Hayley Rosenblum, Heather Leson, Helen " +"Crisp, Helen Michaud, Helen Qubain, Helle Rekdal Schønemann, Henrique Flach " +"Latorre Moreno, Henry Finn, Henry Kaiser, Henry Lahore, Henry Steingieser, " +"Hermann Paar, Hillary Miller, Hironori Kuriaki, Holly Dykes, Holly Lyne, " +"Hubert Gertis, Hugh Geenen, Humble Daisy, Hüppe Keith, Iain Davidson, Ian " +"Capstick, Ian Johnson, Ian Upton, Icaro Ferracini, Igor Lesko, Imran Haider, " +"Inma de la Torre, Iris Brest, Irwin Madriaga, Isaac Sandaljian, Isaiah " +"Tanenbaum, Ivan F. Villanueva B., J P Cleverdon, Jaakko Tammela Jr, Jacek " +"Darken Gołębiowski, Jack Hart, Jacky Hood, Jacob Dante Leffler, Jaime Perla, " +"Jaime Woo, Jake Campbell, Jake Loeterman, Jakes Rawlinson, James Allenspach, " +"James Chesky, James Cloos, James Docherty, James Ellars, James K Wood, James " "Tyler, Jamie Finlay, Jamie Stevens, Jamil Khatib, Jan E Ellison, Jan Gondol, " "Jan Sepp, Jan Zuppinger, Jane Finette, jane Lofton, Jane Mason, Jane Park, " "Janos Kovacs, Jasmina Bricic, Jason Blasso, Jason Chu, Jason Cole, Jason "