X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-madewithcc.git/blobdiff_plain/e53b4ccbe707a1e6acaefc7ee7ee8defc18fe90d..bc577703e7f0fb0d0a9588d187ef0f867cf3cd74:/po/es/mwcc.po diff --git a/po/es/mwcc.po b/po/es/mwcc.po index f6398aa..5249eec 100644 --- a/po/es/mwcc.po +++ b/po/es/mwcc.po @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-10-13 12:28-0500\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-10-24 16:12+0000\n" -"Last-Translator: Gunnar Wolf \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-02-06 08:32+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-02-14 06:39+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Allan Nordhøy \n" "Language-Team: Spanish " "\n" "Language: es\n" @@ -16,36 +16,32 @@ msgstr "" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n != 1;\n" -"X-Generator: Weblate 2.17\n" +"X-Generator: Weblate 2.19-dev\n" "X-Poedit-Bookmarks: -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,46\n" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2 -msgid "Made with Creative Commons" -msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4 -msgid "Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" -msgstr "Paul Stacey y Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3 +#, fuzzy +msgid "% Made with Creative Commons % Paul Stacey;Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +msgstr "por Paul Stacey y Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5 msgid "Made With Creative Commons" msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7 msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "por Paul Stacey y Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:10 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:9 msgid "© 2017, by Creative Commons." msgstr "© 2017, Creative Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:13 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:12 msgid "" "Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-" "SA), version 4.0." @@ -54,92 +50,92 @@ msgstr "" "BY-SA), versión 4.0." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:15 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:14 msgid "ISBN 978-87-998733-3-3" msgstr "ISBN 978-87-998733-3-3" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:17 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:16 msgid "Cover and interior design by Klaus Nielsen, vinterstille.dk" msgstr "Portada y diseño de interiores por Klaus Nielsen, vinterstille.dk" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:19 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:18 msgid "Content editing by Grace Yaginuma" msgstr "Edición de contenido por Grace Yaginuma" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:21 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:20 msgid "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, bryanmathers.com" msgstr "Ilustraciones por Bryan Mathers, bryanmathers.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:23 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:22 msgid "Downloadable e-book available at madewith.cc" msgstr "Libro descargable disponible en madewith.cc" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:25 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:24 msgid "Publisher:" msgstr "Editor:" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:27 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:26 msgid "Ctrl+Alt+Delete Books" msgstr "Libros Ctrl+Alt+Delete" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:29 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:28 msgid "Husumgade 10, 5." msgstr "Husumgade 10, 5." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:31 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:30 msgid "2200 Copenhagen N" msgstr "2200 Copenhagen N" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:33 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:32 msgid "Denmark" msgstr "Dinamarca" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:35 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:34 msgid "www.cadb.dk" msgstr "www.cadb.dk" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:37 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:36 msgid "hey@cadb.dk" msgstr "hey@cadb.dk" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:39 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:38 msgid "Printer:" msgstr "Impresión:" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:41 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:40 msgid "Drukarnia POZKAL Spółka z o.o. Spółka komandytowa" msgstr "Drukarnia POZKAL Spółka z o.o. Spółka komandytowa" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:43 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:42 msgid "88-100 Inowrocław," msgstr "88-100 Inowrocław," #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:45 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:44 msgid "ul. Cegielna 10/12," msgstr "ul. Cegielna 10/12," #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:47 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:46 msgid "Poland" msgstr "Polonia" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:55 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:54 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -159,7 +155,7 @@ msgstr "" "licenses/by-sa/4.0/" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:59 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:58 msgid "" "Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " "Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " @@ -170,14 +166,15 @@ msgstr "" "plataforma Kickstarter.com." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:66 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:69 +#, fuzzy msgid "" -"“I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " -"think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like " -"this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also reasonably " -"average pay far closer attention and think at far more length about all " -"sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our daily " -"lives.”" +"> “I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . > The way that " +"I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do > is. . . essays " +"like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably > bright but also " +"reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at > far more length " +"about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have > a chance to in our " +"daily lives.” > > > > — *David Foster Wallace*" msgstr "" "“No se mucho de periodismo no ficticio... La forma en que pienso acerca de " "estas cosas, en términos de lo que puedo hacer es que... Ensayos como este " @@ -187,17 +184,12 @@ msgstr "" "lo que tenemos la oportunidad de hacer en nuestras vidas diarias.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:70 -msgid "- David Foster Wallace" -msgstr "- David Foster Wallace" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:72 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:71 msgid "## Foreword" msgstr "## Prefacio" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:80 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:79 msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of " @@ -216,7 +208,7 @@ msgstr "" "humo.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:86 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:85 msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " "Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: " @@ -231,7 +223,7 @@ msgstr "" "dinero es un medio para un fin social, no el fin mismo.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:92 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:91 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: “Entering the arts " @@ -240,14 +232,14 @@ msgid "" "course, someone always wins the lottery.”" msgstr "" "En el estudio de caso acerca de Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cita " -"las palabras de Cory de su libro La Información no Quiere ser Libre: " +"las palabras de Cory de su libro _La Información no Quiere ser Libre_: " "”Hacerse artista porque puedes hacerte rico es como comprar boletos de " "lotería porque quieres hacerte rico. Podría funcionar, pero muy " "probablemente no lo hará. Sin embargo, claro, alguien siempre se gana la " "lotería.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:99 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:98 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -257,28 +249,29 @@ msgid "" "pursuing their passions and living their values." msgstr "" "Hoy en día, los derechos de autor son como un boleto de lotería — todos " -"tienen uno, y casi nadie gana. Lo que no te dicen es que si eliges compartir " -"tu trabajo, los rendimientos pueden ser significativos y duraderos. Este " -"libro está lleno de historias de quienes toman riesgos mucho mayores que los " -"dos dólares que pagamos por un boleto de lotería, y sin embargo cosechan las " -"recompensas que surgen de perseguir sus pasiones y vivir según sus valores." +"tienen uno, y casi nadie gana. Lo que no dicen es que, para quien elige " +"compartir su trabajo, los rendimientos pueden ser significativos y " +"duraderos. Este libro está lleno de historias de quienes toman riesgos mucho " +"mayores que los dos dólares que pagamos por un boleto de lotería, y sin " +"embargo cosechan las recompensas que surgen de perseguir sus pasiones y " +"vivir según sus valores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:104 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " "Against Humanity says it best in their case study: “We don’t make jokes and " "games to make money—we make money so we can make more jokes and games.”" msgstr "" -"Así que no es acerca del dinero. Sin embargo, sí lo es. Encontrar los medios " -"para continuar creando y compartiendo frecuentemente requiere de algunos " -"ingresos. Max Temkin, de Cards Against Humanity, lo explica muy bien en su " -"estudio de caso: ”No hacemos chistes y juegos para hacer dinero — Hacemos " -"dinero para poder seguir haciendo más chistes y juegos.”" +"Así que no es acerca del dinero. Pero, al mismo tiempo, sí lo es. Encontrar " +"los medios para continuar creando y compartiendo frecuentemente requiere de " +"algunos ingresos. Max Temkin, de _Cards Against Humanity_, lo explica muy " +"bien en su estudio de caso: ”No hacemos chistes y juegos para hacer dinero — " +"Hacemos dinero para poder seguir haciendo más chistes y juegos.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:112 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -293,10 +286,10 @@ msgstr "" "Considerando esto, Creative Commons inició este proyecto de libro. Con la " "guía de Paul y Sarah, el proyecto inició para definir y fomentar los mejores " "modelos de negocios abiertos. Paul y Sarah fueron los autores ideales para " -"escribir Hecho con Creative Commons." +"escribir _Hecho con Creative Commons_." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:120 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -310,12 +303,12 @@ msgstr "" "innovación dominen a la inequidad y escasez que hoy en día definen a lo peor " "del capitalismo. A él lo impulsa la fuerza que tienen las conexiones humanas " "entre las comunidad de creadores. Es más observador que la mayoría, y esto " -"lo ha hecho un mejor educador, un investigador perspicaz, y también un hábil " -"jardinero. Tiene una voz fresca y calma que transmite la pasión que inspira " -"a sus colegas y a su comunidad." +"ha hecho de él un mejor educador, un investigador perspicaz, y también un " +"hábil jardinero. Tiene una voz fresca y calma que transmite la pasión que " +"inspira a sus colegas y a su comunidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:131 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:130 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -337,7 +330,7 @@ msgstr "" "debatir de mi equipo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:139 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -355,11 +348,11 @@ msgstr "" "construir el procomún y compartirlo con el mundo. Se mantuvieron abiertos a " "nuevas ideas, incluyendo la posibilidad de que sus teorías iniciales " "requirieran refinamiento o estuvieran completamente equivocadas. Eso " -"requiere coraje, y llevó a que el libro resulte mejor, al ser interesante, " +"requiere de valor, y llevó a que el libro resulte mejor, al ser interesante, " "honesto y útil." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:145 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -375,7 +368,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo de negocios abierto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:152 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -389,11 +382,11 @@ msgstr "" "El resto fue provisto por los generosos donantes y colaboradores de CC. A " "fin de cuentas, resultó uno de los proyectos de libro más exitosos de " "Kickstarter, rompiendo dos objetivos extendidos, e involucrando a más de " -"1,600 donantes — la mayoría de ellos, apoyando por primera vez a Creative " -"Commons." +"1,600 donantes — para la mayoría de ellos, su primera contribución a " +"Creative Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:161 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -403,17 +396,17 @@ msgid "" "requires both humility and self-confidence, and without question it has made " "Made with Creative Commons a better project." msgstr "" -"Paul y Sarah trabajaron abiertamente durante todo el proyecto, publicando " -"sus planes, borradores, estudios de caso y análisis, temprano y " +"Paul y Sarah trabajaron de forma abierta durante todo el proyecto, " +"publicando sus planes, borradores, estudios de caso y análisis, temprano y " "frecuentemente, e involucraron a comunidades en todo el mundo para ayudar a " "escribir este libro. Conforme sus opiniones divergían y sus intereses se " "fueron definiendo más claramente, dividieron sus voces y decidieron " "mantenerlas por separado en el producto final. Trabajar de esta manera " "requiere tanto de humildad como de confianza en sí mismo, y sin duda llevó a " -"que Hecho con Creative Commons resultara un mejor proyecto." +"que _Hecho con Creative Commons_ resultara un mejor proyecto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:166 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -424,7 +417,7 @@ msgstr "" "es un gran regalo. Lo que reciben a cambio es gratitud, y una comunidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:173 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -442,7 +435,7 @@ msgstr "" "público global." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:185 msgid "" "Sarah writes, “Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when " "community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -461,15 +454,16 @@ msgstr "" "una comunidad colabore en conjunto para crear algo nuevo, o puede ser " "simplemente una colección de personas de ideas afines que se conocen y se " "reúnen alrededor de intereses o creencias comunes. Hasta cierto grado, " -"simplemente ser Hecho con Creative Commons automáticamente trae consigo un " -"cierto elemento de comunidad, ayudando a conectarte a terceros como tú que " -"reconocen y son atraídos por los valores simbolizados por usar CC.” Amanda " -"Palmer, la otra música perfilada en el libro, seguramente agregaría esto de " -"su estudio de caso: ”No hay un objetivo más satisfactorio que el que alguien " -"te diga que lo que haces genuinamente resulta valioso para ellos.”" +"simplemente ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ automáticamente trae consigo un " +"cierto elemento de comunidad, ayudando a conectar con terceros como uno " +"mismo que reconocen y son atraídos por los valores simbolizados por usar " +"CC.” Amanda Palmer, la otra música perfilada en el libro, seguramente " +"agregaría esto de su estudio de caso: ”No hay un objetivo más satisfactorio " +"que el que alguien te diga que lo que haces genuinamente les resulta " +"valioso.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:194 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -483,13 +477,13 @@ msgstr "" "busque una receta o una hoja de ruta. Quienes buscan perseguir un fin " "social, construir algo grandioso mediante la colaboración, o unirse a una " "comunidad global poderosa y creciente, seguramente resultarán satisfechos. " -"Hecho con Creative Commons ofrece un conjunto de valores y principios " +"_Hecho con Creative Commons_ ofrece un conjunto de valores y principios " "claramente articulados capaces de cambiar al mundo, algunas herramientas " "esenciales para explorar tus propias oportunidades de negocios, y dos " "docenas de dosis de inspiración pura." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:202 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article “The Zones of Cyberspace”, CC founder " "Lawrence Lessig wrote, “Cyberspace is a place. People live there. They " @@ -499,7 +493,7 @@ msgid "" "groups, in communities, among strangers, among people they come to know, and " "sometimes like.”" msgstr "" -"En el artículo de revisión de Stanford Law de 1996, el fundador de CC, " +"En el artículo publicado en Stanford Law Review de 1996, el fundador de CC, " "Lawrence Lessig, escribió: ”El ciberespacio es un lugar. Hay gente que vive " "ahí. Experimentan ahí todas las cosas que experimentan en el espacio real. " "Para algunos, incluso experimentan más. Y lo experimentan no como individuos " @@ -508,7 +502,7 @@ msgstr "" "van conociendo, de quienes se van haciendo amigos.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:208 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -518,35 +512,36 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Estoy increíblemente orgulloso de que Creative Commons pueda publicar este " "libro para las muchas comunidades que hemos llegado a conocer y amar. Estoy " -"agradecido con Paul y Sarah por su creatividad y conocimientos, y para las " -"comunidades globales que nos han ayudado a traértelo. Como dice Jonathan " +"agradecido con Paul y Sarah por su creatividad y conocimientos, y con las " +"comunidades globales que nos han ayudado a difundirlo. Como dice Jonathan " "Nightingale, miembro del consejo de CC, ”todo está hecho de gente.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:210 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" -"Ese es el verdadero valor de las cosas que están Hechas con Creative Commons." +"Ese es el verdadero valor de las cosas que están _Hechas con Creative " +"Commons_." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:212 #, no-wrap msgid "*Ryan Merkley*\n" msgstr "*Ryan Merkley*\n" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:214 #, no-wrap msgid "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n" msgstr "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:216 msgid "## Introduction" msgstr "## Introducción" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:219 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." @@ -555,7 +550,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocios — Pero con un giro adicional." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:229 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -573,14 +568,14 @@ msgstr "" "objetivo no era identificar una fórmula para modelos de negocio que usaran " "Creative Commons, sino que recopilar ideas frescas y ejemplos dinámicos que " "detonaran modelos nuevos e innovadores, y ayudar a terceros a seguir su " -"ejemplo, construyendo sobre lo que ya ha demostrado funcionar. Al inicio, " +"ejemplo, construyendo sobre lo que ya ha demostrado funcionar. Al principio, " "enmarcamos nuestra investigación en términos comerciales familiares. Creamos " "un ”lienzo de modelo de negocios abiertos” en blanco, una herramienta " "interactiva en línea que ayudara a la gente para diseñar y analizar su " "modelo de negocios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:236 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -591,12 +586,12 @@ msgstr "" "Gracias a la generosa contribución de nuestros patrocinadores del " "Kickstarter, iniciamos este proyecto identificando y seleccionando un grupo " "diverso de creadores, organizaciones y negocios que utilizan Creative " -"Commons de forma integral — Lo que llamamos ser Hecho con Creative Commons. " -"Los entrevistamos y escribimos sus historias.Analizamos lo que escuchamos y " -"profundizamos en la literatura." +"Commons de forma integral — Lo que llamamos ser _Hecho con Creative " +"Commons_. Los entrevistamos y escribimos sus historias.Analizamos lo que " +"escuchamos y profundizamos en la literatura." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:239 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." @@ -606,7 +601,7 @@ msgstr "" "escuchábamos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:245 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -615,14 +610,14 @@ msgid "" "growth but to sustain the operation." msgstr "" "Aquellos a quienes entrevistábamos no eran los típicos negocios vendiendo a " -"los consumidores y buscando maximizar sus ingresos y la rentabilidad. En vez " -"de ello, estaban compartiendo para hacer del mundo un mejor lugar, creando " +"los consumidores y buscando maximizar sus ingresos y rentabilidad. En vez de " +"ello, estaban compartiendo para hacer del mundo un mejor lugar, creando " "relaciones y una comunidad alrededor de los trabajos que compartían, y " -"generando ganancias no hacia un crecimiento ilimitado, sino que para " +"generando ganancias, no buscando un crecimiento ilimitado, sino que para " "sostener sus operaciones." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:251 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -633,11 +628,11 @@ msgstr "" "Frecuentemente no les gustaba escuchar que se describiera lo que hacían como " "un modelo de negocios abierto. Su emprendimiento iba más allá que eso, era " "algo diferente. Algo que no únicamente genera valor económico, sino que " -"también valor social y cultural. Algo que involucra la conexión humana. Ser " -"Hecho con Creative Commons no es ”negocios como siempre.”" +"también valor social y cultural. Algo que involucra conexión humana. Ser " +"_Hecho con Creative Commons_ no es ”negocios como siempre.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:259 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -646,17 +641,17 @@ msgid "" "who provided invaluable edits, feedback, and advice. Our thinking changed " "dramatically over the course of a year and a half." msgstr "" -"Tuvimos que repensar la concepción de este proyecto. No ocurrió de la noche " -"a la mañana. Entre otoño de 2015 y 2016, documentamos nuestros pensamientos " -"en publicaciones de blog en Medium y con actualizaciones de estado " -"periódicas a nuestros patrocinadores de Kickstarter. Intercambiamos " +"Tuvimos que repensar la concepción de este proyecto, y no ocurrió de la " +"noche a la mañana. Entre otoño de 2015 y 2016, documentamos nuestros " +"pensamientos en publicaciones de blog en Medium y con actualizaciones de " +"estado periódicas a nuestros patrocinadores de Kickstarter. Intercambiamos " "borradores de estudios de caso y análisis con nuestros co-creadores de " "Kickstarter, quienes nos ayudaron con invaluables ediciones, " "retroalimentación y consejos. Nuestra forma de cambiar cambió dramáticamente " "en el transcurso de un año y medio." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:268 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -670,13 +665,13 @@ msgstr "" "comprender y describir lo que estábamos aprendiendo. Aprender el uno del " "otro ha sido uno de los grandes goces de este trabajo, y, esperamos, algo " "que convirtió al producto final en algo mucho más rico de lo que podría " -"serlo si alguno de nosotros hubiera afrontado este proyecto en solitario. " -"Preservamos nuestras voces a lo largo del camino, y vas a poder sentir " -"nuestros enfoques diferentes pero complementarios según leas las diferentes " -"secciones." +"serlo si uno de nosotros hubiera afrontado este proyecto en solitario. " +"Preservamos nuestras voces a lo largo del camino, con lo que se proyectan " +"nuestros enfoques diferentes pero complementarios a lo largo de las " +"diferentes secciones." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:272 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." @@ -686,7 +681,7 @@ msgstr "" "dos partes principales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:279 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -699,12 +694,11 @@ msgstr "" "escala escrito por Paul. Presenta un contexto histórico para el procomún " "digital, describiendo las tres maneras en que la sociedad ha administrado " "los recursos y compartido la riqueza — El procomún, el mercado y el estado. " -"Sugiere pensar más allá de los términos de negocios y mercado, y " -"elocuentemente defiende la importancia de compartir y enriquecer al procomún " -"digital." +"Sugiere pensar más allá de términos de negocios y mercado, y elocuentemente " +"defiende la importancia de compartir y enriquecer al procomún digital." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:288 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -715,16 +709,16 @@ msgid "" "values, and how they foster connections with the people with whom they share." msgstr "" "La imagen general continúa con el capítulo de Sarah, quien considera qué " -"significa ser exitosamente Hecho con Creative Commons. Si bien hacer dinero " -"es una parte del total, también está el conjunto de valores del interés " -"público y el tipo de conexiones humanas que dan verdadero significado al " -"compartir. Esta sección delinea las maneras en que los creadores, " -"organizaciones y negocios que entrevistamos obtienen sus ingresos, cómo " -"impulsan el interés público y viven según sus valores, y cómo impulsan " -"conexiones con la gente con quienes comparten." +"significa ser exitosamente _Hecho con Creative Commons_. Si bien hacer " +"dinero es parte del rompecabezas, también se considera el conjunto de " +"valores del interés público y el tipo de conexiones humanas que dan " +"verdadero significado al compartir. Esta sección delinea las maneras en que " +"los creadores, organizaciones y negocios que entrevistamos obtienen sus " +"ingresos, cómo impulsan el interés público y viven según sus valores, y cómo " +"impulsan conexiones con la gente con quienes comparten." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:294 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -738,7 +732,7 @@ msgstr "" "son las únicas maneras de hacer dinero." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:299 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -750,18 +744,18 @@ msgstr "" "perfiles." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:303 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " "localize, and build upon this work." msgstr "" -"Claro, nos complace hacer el presente libro disponible bajo un " -"licenciamiento Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual. Por favor copia, " -"distribuye, traduce, localiza y construye sobre de este trabajo." +"Claro, nos complace publicar el presente libro bajo un licenciamiento " +"Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual. Por favor copia, distribuye, " +"traduce, localiza y construye sobre de este trabajo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:309 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -770,34 +764,34 @@ msgid "" "economy and world for the better." msgstr "" "Escribir este libro nos ha transformado e inspirado. La forma en que ahora " -"vemos y pensamos acerca de lo que significa ser Hecho con Creative Commons " -"ha cambiado irrevocablemente. Esperamos que este libro inspire a ti y a tu " -"empresa a utilizar Creative Commons y, al hacerlo, contribuya a transformar " -"nuestra economía y al mundo para mejor." +"vemos y pensamos acerca de lo que significa ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ " +"ha cambiado irrevocablemente. Esperamos que este libro inspire a los " +"lectores y a sus empresas a utilizar Creative Commons y, al hacerlo, " +"contribuya a transformar nuestra economía y al mundo para mejor." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:311 #, no-wrap msgid "*Paul and Sarah *\n" msgstr "*Paul y Sarah*\n" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:315 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:314 msgid "# The Big Picture" msgstr "# El panorama completo" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:316 msgid "## The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "## El nuevo mundo del procomún digital" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:318 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "Paul Stacey" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:326 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as “the air and oceans, the " "web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the commons. " @@ -806,7 +800,7 @@ msgid "" "gifts of nature, others the product of human endeavor. Some are new, such " "as the Internet; others are as ancient as soil and calligraphy.”1" msgstr "" -"Jonathan Rowe de forma elocuente describe al procomún como «el aire y los " +"Jonathan Rowe describe de forma elocuente al procomún como «el aire y los " "océanos, la red de especies, la naturaleza salvaje y la corriente de agua—" "todas son partes del procomún. También lo son el idioma y el conocimiento, " "las aceras y las plazas públicas, las historias infantiles y los procesos " @@ -815,7 +809,7 @@ msgstr "" "Internet; otras son antiguas como la tierra y la caligrafía.»1" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:335 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -826,18 +820,18 @@ msgid "" "profile in our case studies use Creative Commons to share their resources " "online over the Internet." msgstr "" -"En Hecho con Creative Commons, nos enfocamos en nuestra era actual del " -"procomún digital, un procomún de trabajos producidos por humanos. Este " +"En _Hecho con Creative Commons_, nos enfocamos en nuestra era actual del " +"procomún digital, un procomún de trabajos producidos por personas. Este " "procomún atraviesa una amplia variedad de áreas, incluyendo patrimonio " "cultural, educación, investigación, tecnología, arte, diseño, literatura, " -"entretenimiento, negocios y datos. Los trabajos producidos por humanos en " -"todas estas áreas son cada vez más digitales. La Internet es un tipo global " -"de procomún digital. Los individuos, organizaciones y negocios que " +"entretenimiento, negocios y datos. Los trabajos producidos por personas en " +"todas estas áreas son, cada vez más, digitales. La Internet es un tipo " +"global de procomún digital. Los individuos, organizaciones y negocios que " "perfilamos en nuestros casos de estudio usan Creative Commons para compartir " "sus recursos en línea a través de la Internet." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:346 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -851,22 +845,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Sin embargo, el procomún no es sólo acerca de recursos compartidos. También " "es acerca de las prácticas sociales y valores que los dirigen. Un recurso es " -"un sustantivo, pero liberar—poner un recurso en el procomún—es un verbo.2 " -"Las personas creadoras, organizaciones y negocios que perfilamos están todas " -"comprometidas con comunalizar. Su uso de Creative Common les involucra en la " -"práctica social de la liberación, gestionando recursos de una forma " -"colectiva con una comunidad de usuarios.3 La liberación es guiada por un " -"conjunto de valores y normas que balancean los costos y beneficios de la " -"empresa con aquellos de la comunidad. Se le da especial atención al acceso " -"equitativo, uso y sostenibilidad." +"un sustantivo, pero _comunalizar_ —poner un recurso en el procomún— es un " +"verbo.2 Las personas creadoras, organizaciones y negocios que perfilamos " +"están todas comprometidas con comunalizar. Su uso de Creative Commons les " +"involucra en la práctica social de la comunalización, gestionando recursos " +"de una forma colectiva con una comunidad de usuarios.3 La liberación es " +"guiada por un conjunto de valores y normas que balancean los costos y " +"beneficios de la empresa con aquellos de la comunidad. Se le da especial " +"atención al acceso equitativo, uso y sostenibilidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:348 msgid "### The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "### El procomún, el mercado y el Estado" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:353 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -874,11 +868,12 @@ msgid "" "today.4" msgstr "" "Históricamente, han habido tres formas de gestionar recursos y compartir " -"riquezas: el procomún (gestionado de forma colectiva), el Estado (i.e., el " -"gobierno) y el mercado—con los dos últimos siendo hoy las formas dominantes.4" +"riquezas: el procomún (gestionado de forma colectiva), el Estado (esto es, " +"el gobierno) y el mercado—con los dos últimos siendo hoy las formas " +"dominantes.4" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:361 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -889,24 +884,25 @@ msgid "" "commons with those of the market or state." msgstr "" "Las organizaciones y los negocios en nuestros casos de estudio son únicas en " -"la forma en que participan en el procomún, mientras se siguen involucrando " -"con el mercado y/o el Estado. El grado de involucramiento con el mercado o " -"Estado varía. Algunas operan ante todo como procomún con mínima o ninguna " -"dependencia del mercado o Estado.5 Otras son parte del mercado o Estado, y " -"dependen de estos para su sotenibilidad financiera. Todas operan como " -"híbridos, mezclando las normas del procomún con las del mercado o Estado." +"la forma en que participan en el procomún, al tiempo que se mantienen " +"involucrados con el mercado y/o el Estado. El grado de involucramiento con " +"el mercado o Estado varía. Algunas operan ante todo como procomún con mínima " +"o ninguna dependencia del mercado o Estado.5 Otras son parte del mercado o " +"Estado, y dependen de estos para su sotenibilidad financiera. Todas operan " +"como híbridos, mezclando las normas del procomún con las del mercado o " +"Estado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:364 msgid "" "Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of " "engagement with commons, state, and market." msgstr "" -"Fig 1. es una representación de cómo una empresa puede tener niveles " +"La Fig. 1. es una representación de cómo una empresa puede tener niveles " "variables de involucramiento con el procomún, el Estado y el mercado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:373 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -928,7 +924,7 @@ msgstr "" "de normas bajo las cuales operan." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:381 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -938,30 +934,29 @@ msgid "" "strong sense of values, and the ability to blend the best of both." msgstr "" "Todos nuestros casos de estudio generan dinero como medio de subsistencia o " -"sostenibilidad. El dinero es, ante todo, del mercado. Encontrar formas de " -"generar ingresos manteniéndose fiel a los valores fundamentales del procomún " -"(por lo general expresados en declaraciones de la misión) es un reto. " -"Gestionar la interacción y el involucramiento entre el procomún y el mercado " -"requiere un toque ágil, un fuerte sentido de valores y la habilidad de " -"mezclar lo mejor de ambos." +"sostenibilidad. El dinero pertenece, ante todo, al mercado. Encontrar formas " +"de generar ingresos manteniéndose fiel a los valores fundamentales del " +"procomún (por lo general expresados en la definición de su misión) es un " +"reto. Gestionar la interacción y el involucramiento entre el procomún y el " +"mercado requiere un toque ágil, un fuerte sentido de valores y la habilidad " +"de mezclar lo mejor de ambos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:387 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " "build the commons. Beyond money, laws and regulations regarding property, " "copyright, business, and finance can all be designed to foster the commons." msgstr "" -"El Estado juega un rol importante en promover el uso y la adopción del " -"procomún. Los programas y financiamiento del Estado pueden contribuir y " -"construir el procomún de forma deliberada. Más allá del dinero, leyes y " -"regulaciones con respecto a propiedad, derechos de autor, negocios y " -"finanzas pueden ser designadas para promover el procomún." +"El Estado juega un papel importante en la promoción del uso y la adopción " +"del procomún. Los programas y financiamiento del Estado pueden contribuir y " +"construir el procomún de forma deliberada. Más allá del dinero, pueden " +"diseñarse las leyes y regulaciones con respecto a propiedad, derechos de " +"autor, negocios y finanzas para promover el procomún." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:391 -#, fuzzy +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:390 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png){width=\"6.5in\" " "height=\"3.5417in\"}" @@ -970,7 +965,7 @@ msgstr "" "height=\"3.5417in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:398 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -982,19 +977,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Es útil entender cómo el procomún, el mercado y el Estado gestionan los " "recursos de forma diferente, y no solo prara aquellos que se consideran ante " -"todo como un procomún. Para negocios u organizaciones gubernamentales que " -"quiere involucrarse y usar el procomún, saber cómo el procomún opera les " -"ayudará a entender la mejor forma para hacerlo. Participar en el uso del " -"procomún en la misma forma en la que lo harían en el mercado o Estado no es " -"una estrategia para el éxito." +"todo como un procomún. Para empresas u organizaciones gubernamentales que " +"quieren involucrarse y aprovechar los bienes comunales, saber cómo éstos " +"operan les ayudará a encontrar la mejor forma para hacerlo. Participar en el " +"uso del procomún en la misma forma en la que lo harían en el mercado o " +"Estado no resultaría una estrategia exitosa." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:400 msgid "### The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "### Los cuatro aspectos de un recurso" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:408 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.6 Her framework " @@ -1008,12 +1003,12 @@ msgstr "" "un marco conceptual para analizar cómo los recursos naturales se gestionan " "en un procomún.6 Su marco conceptual considera cosas como las " "características biofísicas de recursos communes, los actores de la comunidad " -"y las interacciones que tienen lugar entre estas, reglas en uso y " +"y las interacciones que tienen lugar entre ellos, reglas en uso y " "resultados. El marco conceptual ha sido simplificado y generalizado para " "aplicar al procomún, el mercado y el Estado para este capítulo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:414 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -1021,15 +1016,15 @@ msgid "" "rules they develop to govern use, and finally actual resource use along with " "outcomes of that use (see Fig. 2)." msgstr "" -"Para comparar y contrastar las formas en las que el procomún, el mercado y " -"el Estado trabaja, consideremos cuatro aspectos de la gestión de recursos: " -"características del recruso, las personas involucradas y el proceso que " -"usan, las normas y reglas que desarrollan para gobernar el uso, y finalmente " -"el uso real del recurso junto con los resultados de ese uso (ver Fig. 2)." +"Para comparar y contrastar las formas en las que los bienes comunales, el " +"mercado y el Estado trabajan, consideremos cuatro aspectos de la gestión de " +"recursos: características del recruso, las personas involucradas y los " +"procesos que siguen, las normas y reglas que desarrollan para gobernar el " +"uso, y finalmente el uso real del recurso junto con los resultados de ese " +"uso (ver Fig. 2)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:418 -#, fuzzy +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:417 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png){width=\"6.5in\" " "height=\"6.5in\"}" @@ -1038,12 +1033,12 @@ msgstr "" "height=\"6.5in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:419 msgid "#### Characteristics" msgstr "#### Características" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:424 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -1052,12 +1047,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Los recursos tienen características particulares o atributos que afectan la " "forma en que pueden ser usados. Algunos recursos son naturales; otros son " -"producidos por humanos. Y—de forma significativa para el procomún de hoy—los " -"recursos pueden ser físicos o digitales, lo que afecta el potencial " -"inherente del recuros." +"producidos por personas. Y —de forma significativa para el procomún de hoy—" +"los recursos pueden ser físicos o digitales, lo que afecta el potencial " +"inherente del recurso." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:433 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -1067,17 +1062,17 @@ msgid "" "resources in physical form. The costs of producing and distributing a " "physical good usually require them to engage with the market." msgstr "" -"Los recursos físicos existen en un suministro limitado. Si yo tengo un " -"recurso físico y se lo doy a usted, yo ya no lo tengo más. Cuando un recurso " -"se retira y se usa, el suministro se vuelve escaso o agotado. La escasez " +"Los recursos físicos existen en cantidades limitadas. Si yo tengo un recurso " +"físico y se lo doy a otra persona, yo ya no lo tengo más. Cuando un recurso " +"se retira y se usa, la disponibilidad total se reduce o agota. La escasez " "puede resultar en una rivalidad competitiva por el recurso. Las empresas " -"hechas con Creative Commons por lo general se basan en lo digital, pero " -"algunos de nuestros casos de estudio también producen recursos en forma " +"_hechas con Creative Commons_ por lo general se basan en medios digitales, " +"pero algunos de nuestros casos de estudio también producen recursos en forma " "física. Los costos de producir y distribuir un bien físico por lo general " "requieren que se involucren con el mercado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:441 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -1087,16 +1082,16 @@ msgid "" "depleted, and at close to zero cost. Abundance rather than scarcity is an " "inherent characteristic of digital resources." msgstr "" -"Los recursos físicos son agotables, exclusivos y tienden a la rivalidad. Los " -"recursos digitales, por otra parte, no son agotables, exclusivos ni tienden " -"a la rivalidad. Si yo comparto un recurso digital con usted, ambos tenemos " -"el recurso. Dárselo a usted no significa que yo ya no lo tengo más. Los " -"recursos digitales pueden ser almacenados, copiados y distribuidos de forma " -"infinita sin agotarse, y a un costo cercano a cero. La abundancia, en lugar " -"de la escasez, es una característica inherente de los recursos digitales." +"Los recursos físicos son agotables, exclusivos y rivales. Los recursos " +"digitales, por otra parte, no son agotables, exclusivos ni rivales. Si yo " +"comparto un recurso digital con alguna persona, ambos tenemos el recurso. " +"Dárselo a alguien no significa que yo ya no lo tenga. Los recursos digitales " +"pueden ser almacenados, copiados y distribuidos de forma infinita sin " +"agotarse, y a un costo cercano a cero. La abundancia, y ya no de la escasez, " +"es una característica inherente de los recursos digitales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:448 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -1104,15 +1099,15 @@ msgid "" "always the case. Digital resources are frequently made artificially scarce. " "Placing digital resources in the commons makes them free and abundant." msgstr "" -"La naturaleza no agotable, sin exclusividad y que no tiende a la rivalidad " -"de los recursos digitales significa que las reglas y normas para " -"gestionarlos pueden (y deben) ser diferentes de cómo los recursos físicos " -"se gestionan. Sin embargo, este no es siempre el caso. Los recursos " -"digitales con frecuencia se hacen escasos de forma artificial. Poner " -"recursos digitales en el procomún los hace libres y abundantes." +"La naturaleza no agotable, no exclusiva y no rival de los recursos digitales " +"significa que las reglas y normas para gestionarlos pueden (y deben) ser " +"diferentes de cómo los recursos físicos se gestionan. Sin embargo, este no " +"es siempre el caso. Los recursos digitales con frecuencia se hacen escasos " +"de forma artificial. Poner recursos digitales en el procomún los hace libres " +"y abundantes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:457 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -1132,7 +1127,7 @@ msgstr "" "un recurso digital en uno físico." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:465 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources as " @@ -1148,16 +1143,16 @@ msgstr "" "los cuales se extrae valor. El Estado ve a los recursos como bienes públicos " "que brindan valor a los ciudadanos. El procomún ve a los recursos como " "bienes comunes, que brindan riqueza común, extendiéndose más allá de las " -"fronteras del Estado para ser pasadas a futuras generaciones en una forma " -"sin disminuciones o mejorada." +"fronteras del Estado para ser pasadas a futuras generaciones de forma no " +"disminuída y, en ocasiones, mejorada." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:467 msgid "#### People and processes" msgstr "#### Personas y procesos" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:471 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -1168,7 +1163,7 @@ msgstr "" "tienen voz, así como la forma en que un recurso se gestiona." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:479 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -1185,7 +1180,7 @@ msgstr "" "recursos con base en prioridades y procedimientos del gobierno." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:486 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -1203,7 +1198,7 @@ msgstr "" "de una transacción de efectivo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:500 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.7 Creators of human produced resources can " @@ -1220,7 +1215,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "En contraste con el Estado y el mercado, los recursos en un procomún son " "gestionados de forma más directa por las personas involucradas.7 Creadores " -"de recursos producidos por humanos pueden ponerlos en el procomún por " +"de recursos producidos por personas pueden ponerlos en el procomún por " "escogencia personal. No se requiere permiso del Estado o el mercado. " "Cualquier persona puede participar en el procomún y determinar por sí misma " "el alcance al cual quiere estar involucrada—como contribuyente, usuario o " @@ -1234,8 +1229,7 @@ msgstr "" "personal." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:504 -#, fuzzy +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:503 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png){width=\"6.5in\" " "height=\"4.2362in\"}" @@ -1244,24 +1238,24 @@ msgstr "" "height=\"4.2362in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:505 msgid "#### Norms and rules" msgstr "#### Normas y reglas" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:510 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " "define permissions, allocate entitlements, and resolve disputes." msgstr "" -"Las interacciones sociales entre personas, y los procesos usados por el " -"Estado, el mercado y el procomún, evolucionan normas sociales y reglas. " -"Estas normas y reglas definen permisos, asignan derechos y resuelven " +"Las interacciones sociales entre personas, y los procesos empleados por el " +"Estado, el mercado y los bienes comunales, evolucionan en normas sociales y " +"reglas. Estas normas y reglas definen permisos, asignan derechos y resuelven " "disputas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:517 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:516 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -1271,24 +1265,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "La autoridad del Estado está gobernada por las constituciones nacionales. " "Las normas relacionadas con las prioridades y la toma de decisiones son " -"definidas por oficiales elegidos y procesos parlamentarios. Las reglas de " +"definidas por mandatarios electos y procesos parlamentarios. Las reglas del " "Estado se expresan a través de políticas, regulaciones y leyes. El Estado " "influencia las normas y reglas del mercado y el procomún a través de las " "reglas que pasa." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:520 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " "defined by the state." msgstr "" -"Las normas de mercado son influenciadas por economías y competición por " -"recursos escasos. Las reglas del mercado siguen a la propiedad, negocios y " -"leyes financieras definidas por el Estado." +"Las normas del mercado reciben influencia de la economía y la competencia " +"por recursos escasos. Las reglas del mercado siguen a la propiedad, negocios " +"y leyes financieras definidas por el Estado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:527 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -1296,34 +1290,34 @@ msgid "" "the costs and benefits to the whole community. Consideration is given not " "just to economic efficiency but also to equity and sustainability.9" msgstr "" -"Como con el mercado, el procomún puede ser influenciado por políticas de " -"Estado, regulaciones y leyes. Pero las normas y reglas de un procomún son en " -"gran parte definidas por la comunidad. Ellas ponderan costos y beneficios " -"individuales contra los costos y beneficios de la comunidad entera. No solo " -"se le da consideración a la eficiencia económica sino que también a la " -"equidad y sostenibilidad.9" +"Como con el mercado, los bienes comunales pueden recibir influencia de " +"políticas de Estado, regulaciones y leyes. Pero las normas y reglas de un " +"bien comunal son en buena medida definidas por la comunidad. Ellas ponderan " +"costos y beneficios individuales contra los costos y beneficios de la " +"comunidad entera. No solo entra en juego la eficiencia económica sino que " +"también a la equidad y sostenibilidad.9" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:529 msgid "#### Goals" msgstr "#### Objetivos" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:534 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " "how resources are used. Use is also influenced by the different goals the " "state, market, and commons have." msgstr "" -"La combinación de los aspectos que hemos discutido hasta ahora—las " +"La combinación de los aspectos que hemos discutido hasta ahora —las " "características inherentes de los recursos, personas y procesos, y normas y " -"reglas—modelan cómo los recursos son usados. El uso también está " +"reglas— modelan cómo los recursos son empleados. El uso también está " "influenciado por los diferentes objetivos que tiene el Estado, el mercado y " "el procomún." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:541 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What " "we pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the " @@ -1331,7 +1325,7 @@ msgid "" "in the economy.10 Units consumed translates to sales, revenue, profit, and " "growth, and these are all ways to measure goals of the market." msgstr "" -"En el mercado, en enfoque es en maximizar la utilidad de un recurso. Lo que " +"En el mercado, en enfoque es maximizar la utilidad de un recurso. Lo que " "pagamos por los bienes que consumimos se ve como un objetivo medible de la " "utilidad que brinda. El objetivo entonces se vuelve maximizar el valor " "monetario total en la economía.10 Unidades consumidas se traducen en ventas, " @@ -1339,7 +1333,7 @@ msgstr "" "objetivos del mercado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:548 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1356,7 +1350,7 @@ msgstr "" "reflejan en mediciones de calidad de vida." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:555 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1365,15 +1359,16 @@ msgid "" "and enhance the resources is being formed; and if the resources are being " "used in innovative ways for personal and social good." msgstr "" -"En el procomún, el objetivo es maximizar acceso, equidad, distribución, " -"participación, innovación y sostenibilidad. Usted puede medir el éxito " -"viendo cuántas personas accesan y usan un recurso; cómo es la distribución " -"de usuarios a través de género, ingresos, y ubicación; si una comunidad se " -"está formando para extender y mejorar los recursos; y si los recursos están " -"siendo usados de formas innovadoras para beneficio personal y social." +"Por lo que respecta a los bienes comunales, el objetivo es maximizar acceso, " +"equidad, distribución, participación, innovación y sostenibilidad. Se puede " +"medir el éxito observando cuántas personas accesan y usan un recurso; cómo " +"es la distribución de usuarios a través de género, ingresos, y ubicación; si " +"una comunidad se está formando para extender y mejorar los recursos; y si " +"los recursos están siendo usados de formas innovadoras para beneficio " +"personal y social." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:560 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1386,12 +1381,12 @@ msgstr "" "diferentes aspectos de la gestión de recursos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:562 msgid "### A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "### Una corta historia del procomún" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:569 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1400,15 +1395,15 @@ msgid "" "from consciousness and consideration. There are no news reports or speeches " "about the commons." msgstr "" -"Usar al procomún para gestionar recursos es parte de una larga continuidad " -"histórica. Sin embargo, en la sociedad contemporánea, el mercado y el Estado " -"dominan el discurso de cómo los recursos se gestionan de la mejor forma. Es " -"raro que el procomún tan siquiera se considere como una opción. El procomún " -"ha desaparecido conciencia y consideración en gran parte. No hay reportes " +"Usar al procomún para gestionar recursos es parte de un largo contínuo " +"histórico. Sin embargo, en la sociedad contemporánea, el mercado y el Estado " +"dominan el discurso de cuál es la mejor manera de gestionar los recursos. Es " +"raro que el procomún siquiera se considere como una opción. El procomún ha " +"desaparecido de la conciencia y consideración en gran parte. No hay reportes " "noticiosos o discursos acerca del procomún." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:575 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1416,14 +1411,14 @@ msgid "" "commons and its current renewal, it’s helpful to know something of its " "history." msgstr "" -"Pero los más de 1100 millones de recursos licenciados con Creative Commons " -"alrededor del mundo son indicaciones de un movimiento de las bases hacia el " +"Pero los más de 1,100 millones de recursos licenciados con Creative Commons " +"alrededor del mundo son indicadores de un movimiento de las bases hacia el " "procomún. El procomún está haciendo un resurgimiento. Para entender la " -"resiliencia de el procomún en su actual renovación, es útil saber algo de su " -"historia." +"resiliencia del procomún y comprender su actual renovación, es útil saber " +"algo de su historia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:584 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1435,16 +1430,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Por siglos, las personas indígenas de las sociedades preindustrializadas " "gestionaron recursos de forma colectiva como un procomún, incluyendo agua, " -"comida, leña, irrigación, pesca y caza, y muchas otras cosas.11 No había " +"comida, leña, irrigación, pesca, caza, y muchas otras cosas.11 No había " "mercado, ni economía global. El estado en la forma de soberanos influenciaba " "el procomún pero de ninguna forma lo controlaba. La participación social " "directa en el procomún era la forma principal con la cuál se gestionaban los " -"recursos y se satisfacían las necesidades. (Fig. 4 ilustra el procomún con " -"relación a el Estado y el mercado.)" +"recursos y se satisfacían las necesidades. (La Fig. 4 ilustra el procomún " +"con relación a el Estado y el mercado.)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:588 -#, fuzzy +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:587 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png){width=\"6.5in\" " "height=\"3.389in\"}" @@ -1453,7 +1447,7 @@ msgstr "" "height=\"3.389in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:595 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) " "taking over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of " @@ -1462,16 +1456,16 @@ msgid "" "Gradually, resources became the property of the state and the state became " "the primary means by which resources were managed. (See Fig. 5)." msgstr "" -"A esto le sigue una larga historia del estado (un monarca o soberano) " +"A esto le sigue una larga historia del Estado (un monarca o soberano) " "tomando control sobre el procomún para sus propios propósitos. A esto se le " -"llama cercamiento del procomún.12 En días antiguos, las masas eran " -"desalojadas de la tierra, se levantaban vallas y cercas, se pasaban leyes y " -"se establecía seguridad para prohibir el acceso.13 De forma gradual, los " -"recursos se volvieron propiedad del estado y el estado se volvió la forma " -"principal por la que los recursos se gestionaban. (Ver Fig. 5)." +"llama _cercamiento del procomún_.12 Antíguamente, las masas eran desalojadas " +"de la tierra, se levantaban vallas y cercas, se aprobaban leyes y se vigilba " +"el espacio para prohibir el acceso.13 De forma gradual, los recursos se " +"volvieron propiedad del estado y el estado se volvió la forma principal " +"mediante la cual los recursos se gestionaban. (Ver Fig. 5)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:607 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1489,14 +1483,14 @@ msgstr "" "ciudades. Con el surgimiento de la revolución industrial, la tierra y los " "recursos se volvieron bienes que se vendían a negocios para soportar la " "producción. Las monarquías evolucionaron a parlamentos elegidos. Las masas " -"se volvieron trabajadores ganando dinero por operar maquinaria industrial. " -"Leyes financieras, de negocios y de propiedad fueron revisadas por los " -"gobiernos para soportar mercados, crecimiento y productividad. La Fig. 6 " -"muestra cómo hoy el mercado es el medio principal por el cuál los recursos " -"son gestionados." +"se volvieron trabajadores ganando dinero a cambio de la operación de " +"maquinaria industrial. Leyes financieras, de negocios y de propiedad fueron " +"revisadas por los gobiernos para apoyar a mercados, crecimiento y " +"productividad. La Fig. 6 muestra cómo hoy el mercado es el medio principal " +"por el cuál los recursos son gestionados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:610 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png){width=\"6.5in\" " "height=\"3.389in\"}" @@ -1505,7 +1499,7 @@ msgstr "" "height=\"3.389in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:614 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." @@ -1515,7 +1509,7 @@ msgstr "" "la sobreexplotación." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:623 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay “The " "Tragedy of the Commons,” published in Science in 1968. Hardin argues that " @@ -1526,16 +1520,16 @@ msgid "" "justification for private property and free markets." msgstr "" "La sobreexplotación fue el tema de el influyente ensayo de Garret Hardin, " -"«La tragedia de los comunes,» publicado en Science en 1968. Hardin argumenta " -"que todos en un procomún buscan maximizar la ganancia personal y continuar " -"haciéndolo incluso cuando los limites del procomún son alcanzados. El " -"procomún es entonces trágicamente agotado al punto en el que ya no puede " -"soportar a nadie. El ensayo de Hardin se volvió aceptado de forma extensa " -"como cierto y una justificación para la propiedad privada y los libre " -"mercados." +"«La tragedia de los comunes,» publicado en la revista Science en 1968. " +"Hardin argumenta que en un procomún todos buscan maximizar la ganancia " +"personal y continuar haciéndolo incluso cuando se alcanzan los limites del " +"bien comunal. Éste es entonces trágicamente agotado al punto en el que ya no " +"puede soportar a nadie. El ensayo de Hardin se volvió aceptado de forma " +"extensa como cierto y una justificación para la propiedad privada y los " +"libre mercados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:640 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s “The Tragedy of the " "Commons”—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons work. " @@ -1554,24 +1548,24 @@ msgid "" "collective action.14" msgstr "" "Sin embargo, hay una seria falla en «La tragedia de los comunes» de Hardin—" -"es ficticia. Hardin en realidad no estudió cómo el procomún real funciona. " -"Elinor Ostrom ganó el Premio Nobel de economía de 2009 por estudiar " -"diferentes procomunes alrededor del mundo. El trabajo de Ostrom mostró que " -"los recursos naturales del procomún pueden ser gestionados de forma exitosa " -"por comunidades locales sin ninguna regulación por autoridades centrales o " -"sin privatización. El gobierno y la privatización no son las únicas dos " -"opciones. Hay una tercera forma: gestión por las personas, donde aquellas " -"que son impactadas de forma directa están involucradas de forma directa. Con " -"recursos naturales, hay una localidad regional. Las personas en la región " -"son las más familiares con el recurso natural, tienen la dirección más " -"directa e historia compartida, y por lo tanto son las mejor situadas para " -"gestionarlos. El enfoque de Ostrom hacia la gobernancia de los recursos " -"naturales rompió con la convención; ella reconoció la importancia del " -"procomún como una alternativa al mercado o Estado para solucionar problemas " -"de acción colectiva.14" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:651 +"es ficticia. Hardin en realidad no estudió cómo funcionan los bienes " +"comunales reales. Elinor Ostrom ganó el Premio Nobel de economía de 2009 por " +"estudiar diferentes procomunes alrededor del mundo. El trabajo de Ostrom " +"mostró que los recursos naturales del procomún pueden ser gestionados de " +"forma exitosa por comunidades locales sin ninguna regulación por parte de " +"autoridades centrales y sin privatización. El gobierno y la privatización no " +"son las únicas dos opciones. Hay una tercera forma: gestión por las " +"personas, donde aquellas que son impactadas de forma directa están " +"involucradas de forma directa. Con recursos naturales, hay una localidad " +"regional. Las personas en la región están más familiarizadas con el recurso " +"natural, tienen la relación más directa e historia compartida, y por lo " +"tanto son las mejor situadas para gestionarlos. El enfoque de Ostrom hacia " +"la gobernanza de los recursos naturales rompió con la convención; ella " +"reconoció la importancia del procomún como una alternativa al mercado o " +"Estado para solucionar problemas de acción colectiva.14" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:650 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1582,18 +1576,18 @@ msgid "" "while Hardin’s essay is called The Tragedy of the Commons it might more " "accurately be titled The Tragedy of the Market." msgstr "" -"Hardin falló en no considerar la dinámica social actual del procomún. Su " -"modeló asumió que la gente en el procomún actúa de forma autónoma, por puro " +"Hardin omitió considerar la dinámica social actual del procomún. Su modeló " +"asumió que la gente en el procomún actúa de forma autónoma, por puro " "egoísmo, sin interacción o consideración de otros. Pero como Ostrom " -"encontró, en realidad, gestionar recursos del procomún en conjunto forma una " -"comunidad y fomenta el discurso. Esto naturalmente genera normas y reglas " -"que ayudan a las personas a trabajar de forma colectiva y asegurar un " +"encontró, en realidad, gestionar recursos del procomún en conjunto _forma_ " +"una comunidad y fomenta la discusión. Esto naturalmente genera normas y " +"reglas que ayudan a las personas a trabajar de forma colectiva y asegurar un " "procomún sostenible. De forma paradójica, mientras el ensayo de Hardi se " "llamó La tragedia de los comunes, este pudo haberse titulado de forma más " "precisa La tragedia del mercado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:661 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:660 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1608,14 +1602,14 @@ msgstr "" "economistas se han enfocado casi exclusivamente en la mercados basados en la " "escasez. Muy poco se sabe acerca de cómo funciona la abundancia.15 El " "surgimiento de información tecnológica y la Internet ha llevado a una " -"explosión en recursos digitales un nuevos medios para compartir y " -"distribuir. Los recursos digitales nunca se pueden agotar. Sin embargo, la " -"ausencia de un modelo teórico de cómo funciona la abundancia ha llevado al " -"mercado a hacer que los recursos digitales sean artificialmente escasos y " +"explosión en recursos digitales y a nuevos medios para compartir y " +"distribuir. Los recursos digitales no se pueden agotar jamás. Sin embargo, " +"la ausencia de un modelo teórico de cómo funciona la abundancia ha llevado " +"al mercado a hacer que los recursos digitales sean artificialmente escasos y " "que sea posible aplicar las normas y reglas usuales del mercado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:665 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1626,11 +1620,10 @@ msgstr "" "digitales, en realidad no hay justificación para la escasez artificial. La " "norma de los trabajos digitales financiados por el Estado debería ser que " "estén disponibles de forma libre y abierta para el público que pagó por " -"estos." +"ellos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:669 -#, fuzzy +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:668 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png){width=\"6.5in\" " "height=\"3.389in\"}" @@ -1639,53 +1632,53 @@ msgstr "" "height=\"3.389in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:670 msgid "### The Digital Revolution" msgstr "### La revolución digital" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:674 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " "this practice of sharing into a set of principles and freedoms:" msgstr "" -"En los primeros días de la computación, las personas programadoras y " -"desarrolladoras aprendieron de cada una compartiendo programas. En los años " -"1980, el movimiento de software libre codificó esta práctica de compartir en " -"un conjunto de principios y libertades:" +"En los primeros días de la computación, programadores y desarrolladores " +"aprendieron unos de otros compartiendo programas. En los años 1980, el " +"movimiento de software libre codificó esta práctica de compartir en un " +"conjunto de principios y libertades:" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:682 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" "La libertad de ejecutar un programa de software de la forma en que desee, " "para cualquier propósito." #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:682 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " "as you wish." msgstr "" "La libertad de estudiar cómo funciona un programa de software (porque el " -"acceso al código fuente ha sido dado de forma libre), y cambiarlo para que " -"haga la computación cómo usted lo desee." +"acceso al código fuente ha sido dado de forma libre), y modificarlo para que " +"realice el cómputo como lo requiera cada quién." #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:682 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "La libertad de redistribuir copias." #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:682 msgid "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others.16" msgstr "" "La libertad de distribuir a otras personas copias de versiones modificadas.16" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:685 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." @@ -1694,7 +1687,7 @@ msgstr "" "tipifican un procomún digital." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:698 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1708,22 +1701,23 @@ msgid "" "dramatic growth of the Internet itself owes much to the fact that nobody has " "a proprietary lock on core Internet protocols." msgstr "" -"A finales de los años 1990, para hacer el acto de compartir código fuente y " -"la colaboración más atractiva a las compañías, la iniciativa de programas de " -"código abierto convirtió estos principios en licencias y estándares para " -"gestionar el acceso y la distribución de programas. Los beneficios del " -"código abierto—tales como confiabilidad, escalabilidad y calidad verificada " -"por revisión de pares independientes—se volvió ampliamente reconocida y " -"aceptada. A los clientes les gustaba la forma en que el código abierto les " -"daba el control sin quedarse encerrados en tecnología privativa y cerrada. " -"Los programas de código abierto y libre también generaron un efecto de red " -"en donde el valor de un producto o servicio incrementa con el número de " -"personas usándolo.17 El crecimiento dramático de la misma Internet le debe " -"mucho al hecho de que nadie tenía un candado propietario sobre los " -"protocolos centrales de Internet." +"A finales de los años 1990, para hacer del acto de compartir código fuente y " +"de la colaboración más algo atractivo para las compañías, la iniciativa de " +"programas de código abierto (_Open Source Initiative_) convirtió estos " +"principios en licencias y estándares para gestionar el acceso y la " +"distribución de programas. Los beneficios del código abierto —tales como " +"confiabilidad, escalabilidad y calidad verificada por revisión de pares " +"independientes— se volvieron ampliamente reconocidos y aceptados. A los " +"clientes les gustaba la forma en que el código abierto les daba el control " +"sin quedarse encerrados en tecnología privativa y cerrada. Los programas de " +"código abierto y libre también generaron un efecto de red en donde el valor " +"de un producto o servicio incrementa con el número de personas usándolo.17 " +"El crecimiento dramático de la misma Internet le debe mucho al hecho de que " +"nadie tenía un candado propietario sobre los protocolos centrales de " +"Internet." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:707 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1734,18 +1728,18 @@ msgid "" "models can provide examples of sustainable approaches for those Made with " "Creative Commons." msgstr "" -"Mientras los programas de código abierto funcionan como un procomún, muchos " -"negocios y mercados se construyeron a su alrededor. Los modelos de negocio " -"basados en licencias y estándares de programas de código abierto " +"Al tiempo que los programas de código abierto funcionan como un procomún, " +"muchos negocios y mercados se construyeron a su alrededor. Los modelos de " +"negocio basados en licencias y estándares de programas de código abierto " "evolucionaron junto con organizaciones que gestionaron el código de " "programas bajo principios de abundancia en lugar de escasez. El ensayo de " "Eric Raymond «El caldero mágico» hace un gran trabajo al analizar la " "economía y los modelos de negocio asociados a los programas de código " "abierto.18 Estos modelos pueden brindar ejemplos de enfoques sostenibles " -"para aquellos Hechos con Creative Commons." +"para aquellos _Hechos con Creative Commons_." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:718 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1758,7 +1752,7 @@ msgid "" "others are excluded from accessing and using it without the creator’s " "permission." msgstr "" -"No es sólo acerca de la abundancia de la disponibilidad de activos " +"No se trata únicamente de la abundancia de la disponibilidad de activos " "digitales, sino también acerca de la abundancia de la participación. El " "crecimiento del personal de computación, información tecnológica, y de la " "Internet ha hecho posible la participación masiva en la producción de " @@ -1766,12 +1760,12 @@ msgstr "" "muchas otras formas de contenidos digitales pueden ahora ser fácilmente " "creados y distribuidos por casi cualquiera. A pesar de este potencial de " "abundancia, estos trabajos digitales por defecto están gobernados por leyes " -"de derechos de autor. Bajo el derecho de autor, un trabajo digital es la " +"de derechos de autor. Bajo dicho marco normativo, un trabajo digital es la " "propiedad del creador, y, por ley, otras personas están excluidas para " "accesarlo y usarlo sin el permiso del creador." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:724 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1786,12 +1780,12 @@ msgstr "" "importa. Compartir nos hace sentir más involucrados con el mundo.19" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:726 msgid "### The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "### El nacimiento de Creative Commons" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:733 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1810,7 +1804,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo creativo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:747 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -1826,22 +1820,22 @@ msgid "" "digital content in a commons." msgstr "" "Las licencias Creative Commons tienen un diseño de tres capas. Las normas y " -"reglas de cada licencia primero son expresadas en un texto completamente " -"legal como el que utilizan los abogados. Esta capa se llama el código legal. " -"Pero como la mayoría de personas creadoras y usuarias no son abogados, esta " -"licencia también tiene una escritura del procomún, que expresa los permisos " -"en lenguaje simple que personas regulares pueden leer y entender " -"rápidamente. Este actúa como una interfaz amistosa para el usuario de la " -"capa del código legal que tiene por debajo. La tercera capa es una legible " -"por máquinas, que vuelve sencillo que la Web sepa que un trabajo está " -"licenciado bajo Creative Commons al expresar permisos en una forma que " -"sistemas de software, motores de búsqueda y otros tipos de tecnología puedan " -"entender.20 Tomadas en conjunto, estas tres capas asegura que creadores, " -"usuarios e incluso la Web misma entiendan las normas y reglas asociadas con " -"contenidos digitales en el procomún." - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:755 +"reglas de cada licencia primero son expresadas en un lenguaje legal pleno " +"como el que utilizan los abogados. Esta capa se llama el código legal. Pero " +"como la mayoría de personas creadoras y usuarias no son abogados, esta " +"licencia también tiene un título del procomún, que expresa los permisos en " +"lenguaje simple que personas regulares pueden leer y entender rápidamente. " +"Este actúa como una interfaz amistosa para el usuario de la capa del código " +"legal subyacente. La tercera capa es una intelegible por computadoras, que " +"facilita que la Web sepa que un trabajo está licenciado bajo Creative " +"Commons al expresar permisos en una forma que sistemas de software, motores " +"de búsqueda y otros tipos de tecnología puedan entender.20 Tomadas en " +"conjunto, estas tres capas aseguran que creadores, usuarios e incluso la Web " +"misma entiendan las normas y reglas asociadas con contenidos digitales que " +"forman parte del procomún." + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:754 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People " @@ -1849,15 +1843,15 @@ msgid "" "languages. These resources include photos, artwork, research articles in " "journals, educational resources, music and other audio tracks, and videos." msgstr "" -"En 2015, habían más de mil millones de trabajos licenciados bajo Creative " +"En 2015, había más de mil millones de trabajos licenciados bajo Creative " "Commons en un procomún global. Estos trabajos fueron vistos en lína 136 mil " "millones de veces. Las personas están usando licencias Creative Commons " -"alrededor de todo el mundo, en treinta y cuatro idiomas. Estos recursos " -"incluyen fotos, trabajos artísticos, artículos de investigación en revistas, " -"recursos educativos, música y otras pistas de audio y vídeos." +"alrededor del mundo, en treinta y cuatro idiomas. Estos recursos incluyen " +"fotos, trabajos artísticos, artículos de investigación en revistas, recursos " +"educativos, música y otros tipos de audio y vídeos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:762 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -1871,11 +1865,11 @@ msgstr "" "editores. Millones de sitios web usan licencias CC, incluyendo importantes " "plataformas como Wikipedia y Flickr, y otras más pequeñas como blogs.21 Las " "personas usuarias de Creative Commons son diversas y abarcan muchos sectores " -"diferentes. (Nuestros casos de estudio fueron escogidos para reflejar esa " -"diversidad.)" +"diferentes. (Nuestros casos de estudio fueron escogidos buscando reflejar " +"esa diversidad.)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:772 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -1894,12 +1888,12 @@ msgstr "" "estimulada por el movimiento de cultura libre, un movimiento social que " "promueve la libertad de distribuir y modificar trabajos creativos. El " "movimiento de cultura libre ve un procomún como algo que brinda beneficios " -"significativos comparado con las leyes de derechos de autor. Este ethos del " -"intercambio libre en un procomún alinea el movimiento de cultura libre con " -"el movimiento del software libre y de código abierto." +"significativos comparado con las leyes de derechos de autor. Este _ethos_ " +"del intercambio libre en un procomún alínea al movimiento de cultura libre " +"con el movimiento del software libre y de código abierto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:778 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -1915,7 +1909,7 @@ msgstr "" "de forma libre." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:788 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -1928,23 +1922,24 @@ msgid "" "them." msgstr "" "El Estado está involucrándose cada vez más en apoyar los movimientos " -"abiertos. El Open Government Partnership fue lanzado en 2011 para brindar " -"una plataforma internacional para que los gobiernos se vuelvan más abiertos, " -"que puedan rendir mejor sus cuentas y dar una respuesta más oportuna a sus " -"ciudadanos. Desde entonces ha crecido de ocho países participantes a " -"setenta. 22 En todos estos países, el gobierno y la sociedad civil están " -"trabajando juntos para desarrollar e implementar reformas ambiciosas de " -"gobierno abierto. Los gobiernos están adoptando Creative Commons cada vez " -"más para asegurar que los trabajos financiados con dólares de los " -"contribuyentes sean abiertos y libres para el público que pagó por estos." - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:791 +"abiertos. La Asociación de Gobierno Abierto (_Open Government Partnership_) " +"fue lanzada en 2011 para brindar una plataforma internacional para que los " +"gobiernos se vuelvan más abiertos, que rindan mejor cuentas y den una " +"respuesta más oportuna a sus ciudadanos. Desde entonces ha crecido de ocho " +"países participantes a setenta. 22 En todos estos países, el gobierno y la " +"sociedad civil están trabajando juntos para desarrollar e implementar " +"reformas ambiciosas de gobierno abierto. Los gobiernos están adoptando " +"Creative Commons cada vez más para asegurar que los trabajos financiados con " +"dinero de los contribuyentes sean abiertos y libres para el público que pagó " +"por ellos." + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:790 msgid "### The Changing Market" msgstr "### El mercado cambiante" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:802 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -1958,19 +1953,19 @@ msgid "" "environment, and breakdowns of democracy.24" msgstr "" "El mercado de hoy está dirigido en gran parte por un capitalismo global. Los " -"sistemas legales y financieros están estructurados para soportar la " +"sistemas legales y financieros están estructurados para dar soporte a la " "extracción, privatización y el crecimiento corporativo. Una percepción de " "que el mercado es más eficiente que el Estado ha llevado a la continua " "privatización de muchos recursos naturales, utilidades, servicios e " -"infraestructuras públicas.23 Mientras este sistema ha sido altamente " -"eficiente en generar consumismo y un crecimiento en el producto interno " -"bruto, el impacto en el bienestar humano ha sido mixto. Contrarrestando los " -"crecientes estándares de vida y las mejoras en salud y educación, están las " -"siempre crecientes desigualdad social, pobreza, deterioro de nuestro " -"ambiente natural y los rompimientos de la democracia.24" +"infraestructura pública.23 Mientras este sistema ha sido altamente eficiente " +"para generar consumismo y un crecimiento en el producto interno bruto, el " +"impacto en el bienestar humano ha sido mixto. Contrarrestando los crecientes " +"estándares de vida y las mejoras en salud y educación, están las siempre " +"crecientes desigualdad social, pobreza, deterioro de nuestro ambiente " +"natural, y los rompimientos de la democracia.24" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:808 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -1985,7 +1980,7 @@ msgstr "" "el mercado, el Estado y la comunidad.25" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:816 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -2002,10 +1997,10 @@ msgstr "" "Amsterdam se llaman a si mismas «ciudades compartidas», buscando hacerse " "sostenibles y más eficientes en el uso de recursos escasos. Ellas ven el " "compartir como una forma de mejorar el uso de los espacios públicos, la " -"movilidad, la cohesión social y la seguridada.27" +"movilidad, la cohesión social y la seguridad.27" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:833 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -2028,21 +2023,21 @@ msgstr "" "plazo, y Uber brindando una plataforma para viajes compartidos. Sin embargo, " "Airbnb y Uber aún operan mayoritariamente bajo las normas y reglas usuales " "del mercado, haciéndolas menos como un procomún y más como un negocio " -"tradicional que busca ganancias financieras. Mucho de la economía compartida " -"no es sobre el procomún o sobre construir una alternativa a la economía de " -"mercado dirigida por corporaciones; es sobre extender el libre mercado " -"desregulado hacia nuevas áreas de nuestras vidas.28 Aunque ninguna de las " -"personas que entrevistamos en nuestros casos de estudio se describirían a " -"ellas mismas como parte de una economía compartida, de hecho hay algunos " -"paralelismos importantes. Tanto la economía compartida como en el procomún " -"hacen un mejor uso de la capacidad de activos. La economía compartida ve a " -"personas residentes y carros como algo que tiene una capacidad latente " -"sobrante con valor para alquiler. El acceso equitativo del procomún amplía y " -"diversifica el número de personas que pueden usar y derivar valor de un " -"activo." - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:844 +"tradicional que busca ganancias financieras. En buena medida, la economía " +"compartida no se trata del procomún o sobre construir una alternativa a la " +"economía de mercado dirigida por corporaciones, sino que de extender el " +"libre mercado desregulado hacia nuevas áreas de nuestras vidas.28 Aunque " +"ninguna de las personas que entrevistamos en nuestros casos de estudio se " +"describirían a ellas mismas como parte de una economía compartida, de hecho " +"hay algunos paralelismos importantes. Tanto la economía compartida como en " +"el procomún hacen un mejor uso de la capacidad de activos. La economía " +"compartida ve a las residencias peronales y autos como algo que tiene una " +"capacidad latente sobrante con valor para alquiler. El acceso equitativo del " +"procomún amplía y diversifica el número de personas que pueden usar y " +"derivar valor de un activo." + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:843 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -2053,20 +2048,20 @@ msgid "" "getting faster, better, and cheaper. The cost of anything built on these " "technologies will always go down until it is close to zero.29" msgstr "" -"Una forma en la que los casos de estudio de Hecho con Creative Commons se " +"Una forma en la que los casos de estudio de _Hecho con Creative Commons_ se " "diferencian de aquellos de la economía compartida es en su enfoque en los " "recursos digitales. Los recursos digitales funcionan bajo reglas económicas " "diferentes a las físicas. En un mundo en el que los precios siempre parecen " "subir, la tecnología de la información es una anomalía. El poder de " "procesamiento computacional, almacenamiento y ancho de banda están " "incrementando de forma acelerada, pero en lugar de que los costos suban, " -"estos están bajando. Las tecnologías digitales se están volviendo más " -"rápidas, mejores y más baratas. El costo de cualquier cosa que se construya " -"sobre estas tecnologías siempre va a ir hacia abajo hasta que se acerque a " -"cero.29" +"éstos están bajando. Las tecnologías digitales se están volviendo más " +"rápidas, mejores y más baratas. Los costos de cualquier cosa que se " +"construya sobre estas tecnologías siempre van a bajar hasta que se acerquen " +"a cero.29" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:854 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -2079,20 +2074,20 @@ msgid "" "people as possible. Maximizing access and participation is a common goal. " "They aim for abundance over scarcity." msgstr "" -"Los que están Hechos con Creative Commons están buscando apalancarse con las " -"características inherentes únicas de los recursos digitales, incluyendo la " -"reducción de costos. El uso de tecnologías de gestión de derechos digitales " -"en forma de bloqueos, contraseñas y controles que previenen que los bienes " -"digitales sean accesados, cambiados, replicados y distribuidos es mínimo o " -"inexistente. En su lugar, las licencias de Creative Commons son usadas para " -"sacar contenidos digitales al procomún, tomando ventaja de las " -"características económicas únicas asociadas con ser digital. El propósito es " +"Los que están _Hechos con Creative Commons_ están buscando apalancarse con " +"las características inherentes únicas de los recursos digitales, incluyendo " +"la reducción de costos. El uso de tecnologías de gestión de derechos " +"digitales en forma de bloqueos, contraseñas y controles que previenen que " +"los bienes digitales sean accesados, cambiados, replicados y distribuidos es " +"mínimo o inexistente. En su lugar, las licencias de Creative Commons son " +"usadas para llevar contenidos digitales al procomún, tomando ventaja de las " +"características económicas únicas derivadas del ser digital. El propósito es " "ver que los recursos digitales sean usados tan ampliamente y por tantas " -"personas como sea posible. Maximizar el acceso y la participación es un " -"objetivo común. El propósito es la abundancia sobre la escasez." +"personas como sea posible. Maximizar el acceso y la participación son " +"objetivos comunes. El propósito es la abundancia sobre la escasez." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:861 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -2105,11 +2100,11 @@ msgstr "" "cercano a cero, lo que hace la abundancia posible. Pero imaginar un mercado " "basado en la abundancia en lugar de en la escasez es tan extraño para la " "forma en que concebimos la teoría y la práctica económica que cuesta " -"hacerlo.30 Los que están Hechos con Creative Commons son cada uno pioneros " +"hacerlo.30 Los que están _Hechos con Creative Commons_ son cada uno pioneros " "en este nuevo paisaje, ideando sus propios modelos y prácticas económicas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:867 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -2123,7 +2118,7 @@ msgstr "" "opera el mercado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:878 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -2136,18 +2131,19 @@ msgid "" "market entities are changing the rules and norms of the market.32" msgstr "" "Para una corporación ordinaria, crear beneficio social como parte de sus " -"operaciones es difícil, y es un requisito legal tomar decisiones que " -"beneficien financieramente a sus accionistas. Pero nuevas formas de negocios " -"están emergiendo. Estas son corporaciones de beneficios y empresas sociales, " -"que amplían sus objetivos de negocios de generar ingresos a hacer un impacto " -"positivo en la sociedad, trabajadores, la comunidad y el ambiente.31 Los " -"negocios que son propiedad de la comunidad, propiedad de trabajadores, " -"cooperativas, gremios, y otras formas organizacionales ofrecen alternativas " -"a la corporación tradicional. De forma colectiva, estas entidades " -"alternativas de mercado están cambiando las reglas y normas del mercado.32" +"operaciones es difícil, al tiempo que es un requisito legal tomar decisiones " +"que beneficien financieramente a sus accionistas. Pero están emergiendo " +"nuevas formas de negocios. Existen las corporaciones de beneficencia y las " +"empresas sociales, que amplían sus objetivos de negocios de generar ingresos " +"a hacer un impacto positivo en la sociedad, trabajadores, la comunidad y el " +"ambiente.31 Los negocios que son propiedad de la comunidad, propiedad de " +"trabajadores, cooperativas, gremios, y otras formas organizacionales ofrecen " +"alternativas a la corporación tradicional. De forma colectiva, estas " +"entidades alternativas de mercado están cambiando las reglas y normas del " +"mercado.32" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:885 msgid "" "“A book on open business models” is how we described it in this book’s " "Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model Generation as " @@ -2155,15 +2151,16 @@ msgid "" "nine years using an “open process” involving 470 coauthors from forty-five " "countries, it is useful as a framework for talking about business models.33" msgstr "" -"«Un libro acerca de modelos de negocios abiertos es como lo describimos en " -"la campaña de Kickstarter para este libro. Usamos un manual llamado " -"Generación de Modelos de Negocio como nuestra referencia para definir justo " -"lo que es un modelo de negocios. Desarrollado a lo largo de nueve años " -"usando un «proceso abierto» que invlucró 470 coautores de cuarenta y cinco " -"países, este es marco de referencia útil acerca de modelos de negocios.33" +"«Un libro acerca de modelos abiertos de negocio» es lo que describimos en la " +"campaña de Kickstarter para este libro. Utilizamos un manual llamado " +"_Generación de Modelos de Negocio_ como nuestra referencia para definir " +"precisamente qué es un modelo de negocios. Desarrollado a lo largo de nueve " +"años usando un «proceso abierto» que invlucró 470 coautores de cuarenta y " +"cinco países, es un marco de referencia útil acerca de los modelos de " +"negocios.33" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:894 msgid "" "It contains a “business model canvas,” which conceives of a business model " "as having nine building blocks.34 This blank canvas can serve as a tool for " @@ -2174,19 +2171,19 @@ msgid "" "This enhanced canvas proved useful when we analyzed businesses and helped " "start-ups plan their economic model." msgstr "" -"Este contiene un «lienzo de modelo de negocios,» que concibe un modelo de " +"Contiene un «lienzo de modelo de negocios,» que concibe un modelo de " "negocios como algo que tiene nueve bloques de construcción.34 Este lienzo en " "blanco puede servir como una herramienta para que cualquier persona diseñe " -"su propio modelo de negocios. Nosotros remezclamos este lienzo de modelo de " -"negocios en un lienzo de modelo de negocios abierto, agregando tres bloques " -"de construcción más, relevantes para empresas del procomún en el mercado " -"híbrido: bien social, licencia Creative Commons, y «tipo de ambiente abierto " -"en el que el negocio encaja.»35 Este lienzo mejorado probó ser útil cuando " -"analizamos los negocios y ayudamos a las empresas de nueva creación a " -"planear su modelo económico." +"su propio modelo de negocios. Nosotros lo remezclamos en un lienzo de modelo " +"de negocios abierto, agregando tres bloques de construcción más, relevantes " +"para empresas del procomún en el mercado híbrido: Bien social, licencia " +"Creative Commons, y «tipo de ambiente abierto en el que el negocio " +"encaja.»35 Este lienzo mejorado demostró ser útil cuando analizamos los " +"negocios y ayudamos a las empresas de nueva creación a planear su modelo " +"económico." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:905 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -2198,20 +2195,20 @@ msgid "" "Commons use business speak; for some the process has been experimental, " "emergent, and organic rather than carefully planned using a predefined model." msgstr "" -"En nuestras entrevistas de estudio de caso, muchas personas expresaron " -"incomodidad al describirse a sí mismas como un modelo de negocios abierto—el " -"término modelo de negocios sugería estar principalmente situadas en el " -"mercado. En dónde usted se sienta en el espectro de procomún-al-mercado " -"afecta la extensión en la cuál usted se ve a sí mismo en el mercado. Entre " -"más central para la misión sean los valores de recursos compartidos y el " -"procomún, menos comodidad habrá al describirse a usted mismo, o describir lo " -"que hace, como un negocio. No todas las personas que tienen esfuerzos Hechos " -"con Creative Commons usan palabras de negocios; para algunas el proceso ha " -"sido experimental, emergente y orgánico, en lugar de ser planeado " +"En nuestras entrevistas a los casos de estudio, muchas personas expresaron " +"incomodidad al describirse a sí mismas como un modelo de negocios abierto —" +"el término _modelo de negocios_ sugería estar principalmente situadas en el " +"mercado. En dónde cada quién se siente en el espectro que va entre el " +"procomún y el mercado afecta hasta dónde se ve a sí mismo en el mercado. " +"Entre más central para la misión sean los valores de recursos compartidos y " +"el procomún, menos comodidad habrá al autodescribirse, o describir lo que " +"hace, como un negocio. No todas las personas que tienen esfuerzos _Hechos " +"con Creative Commons_ usan un lenguaje de negocios; para algunas el proceso " +"ha sido experimental, emergente y orgánico, en lugar de ser planeado " "cuidadosamente usando un modelo predefinido." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:916 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -2224,25 +2221,26 @@ msgid "" "than one way. Diversifying revenue streams lowers risk and provides multiple " "paths to sustainability." msgstr "" -"Las personas creadoras, los negocios y las organizaciones que perfilamos, " -"todas participan en el mercado para generar ingresos de alguna forma. Las " -"formas en als que esto se hace varían enormemente. Donaciones, pague lo que " -"guste, membresías, «digital gratuito pero físico por un precio,» " -"financiamiento colectivo, emparejamiento, servicios de valor agregado, " -"mecenas… la lista sigue y sigue. (Una descripción inicial de cómo ganar " -"ingresos está disponible a través de una nota de referencia. Para las ideas " -"más recientes vea Cómo traer dinero en la siguiente sección.) 36 No hay una " -"única fórmula mágica, y cada esfuerzo ha ideado formas que les funcionan. " -"Muchos hacen uso de más de una forma. Diversificar los flujos de ingresos " -"reduce el riesgo y brinda múltiples rutas hacia la sostenibilidad." - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:919 +"Los creadores, negocios y organizaciones que perfilamos, participan en el " +"mercado para generar ingresos de alguna forma. Las formas en las que esto se " +"hace varían enormemente. Donaciones, pague lo que guste, membresías, " +"«digital gratuito pero físico por un precio,» financiamiento colectivo, " +"emparejamiento, servicios de valor agregado, mecenas… la lista sigue y " +"sigue. (Una descripción inicial de cómo ganar ingresos está disponible a " +"través de una nota de referencia. Para las ideas más recientes, sugerimos " +"referirse a _Cómo atraer dinero_ en la siguiente sección).36 No hay una " +"única fórmula mágica, y cada esfuerzo ha ideado mecanismos que les " +"funcionan. Muchos utilizan más de uno de dichos mecanismos. Diversificar los " +"flujos de ingresos reduce el riesgo y ofrece múltiples caminos hacia la " +"sostenibilidad." + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:918 msgid "### Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "### Beneficios del procomún digital" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:923 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -2255,7 +2253,7 @@ msgstr "" "involucrarse con el procomún. El procomún digital ofrece muchos beneficios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:930 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -2271,7 +2269,7 @@ msgstr "" "distribución descentralizada amplifica el suministro y la experiencia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:941 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -2296,7 +2294,7 @@ msgstr "" "justicia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:952 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -2321,7 +2319,7 @@ msgstr "" "que benefician a la sociedad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:964 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -2348,7 +2346,7 @@ msgstr "" "y supervisar los recursos y la relación con la comunidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:974 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -2363,7 +2361,7 @@ msgstr "" "El procomún impulsa el alcance e impacto. El procomún digital es global. Los " "recursos pueden ser creados por una necesidad local o regional, pero van por " "todas partes generando un impacto global. En el mundo digital, no hay " -"fronteras entre países. Cuando algo es Hecho con Creative Commons, por lo " +"fronteras entre países. Cuando algo es _Hecho con Creative Commons_, por lo " "general es local y global al mismo tiempo: Diseños digitales siendo " "distribuidos globalmente pero manufacturados localmente. Libros o música " "digital siendo distribuida globalmente, pero lecturas y conciertos " @@ -2372,7 +2370,7 @@ msgstr "" "local como globalmente." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:986 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -2397,7 +2395,7 @@ msgstr "" "al público y contribuye al valor del procomún en su totalidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1000 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:999 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -2426,7 +2424,7 @@ msgstr "" "unifica a las personas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1004 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -2439,12 +2437,12 @@ msgstr "" "opción favorecida." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1006 msgid "### Our Case Studies" msgstr "### Nuestros casos de estudio" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1015 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal status, " @@ -2467,7 +2465,7 @@ msgstr "" "final." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1021 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -2483,7 +2481,7 @@ msgstr "" "sostenible es la empresa." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1029 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -2502,7 +2500,7 @@ msgstr "" "físicos. Otros nacen digitales pero pueden convertirse en recursos físicos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1036 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -2518,7 +2516,7 @@ msgstr "" "monetarios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1041 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2531,7 +2529,7 @@ msgstr "" "Construir e interactuar en esta comunidad global conduce al éxito." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1052 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2557,7 +2555,7 @@ msgstr "" "procomún." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1059 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2567,7 +2565,7 @@ msgid "" "balanced alternative is possible." msgstr "" "El nuevo procomún digital está aquí para quedarse. Los casos de estudio de " -"Hecho con Creative Commons muestran cómo es posible ser parte de este " +"_Hecho con Creative Commons_ muestran cómo es posible ser parte de este " "procomún, mientras aún se funciona dentro de los sistemas del mercado y el " "Estado. El procomún genera beneficios que ni el mercado ni el Estado pueden " "alcanzar por sí mismos. En lugar de que el mercado o el Estado dominen como " @@ -2575,7 +2573,7 @@ msgstr "" "posible." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1066 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2593,19 +2591,20 @@ msgstr "" "ideas de cómo trabaja." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2268 msgid "### Notes" msgstr "### Notas" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1168 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1168 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." @@ -2614,22 +2613,22 @@ msgstr "" "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1168 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "Ibid., 15." #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1168 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "Ibid., 145." #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1168 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "Ibid., 175." #. type: Bullet: '6. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1168 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " "Commons for the Knowledge Commons,” in Governing Knowledge Commons, eds. " @@ -2642,7 +2641,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53." #. type: Bullet: '7. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1168 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." @@ -2651,7 +2650,7 @@ msgstr "" "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." #. type: Bullet: '8. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1168 msgid "" "Cole, “Learning from Lin,” in Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg, Governing " "Knowledge Commons, 59." @@ -2660,7 +2659,7 @@ msgstr "" "Knowledge Commons, 59." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1168 #, no-wrap msgid "" "9. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175.\n" @@ -2832,17 +2831,17 @@ msgstr "" " Press, 2006), 31–44.\n" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170 msgid "## How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "## Hecho con Creative Commons" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1172 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1186 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2859,7 +2858,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Cuando empezamos este proyecto en agosto de 2015, nos dispusimos a escribir " "sobre modelos de negocios que involucren licencias Creative Common en alguna " -"forma importante—lo que llamamos ser Hecho con Creative Commons. Con la " +"forma importante—lo que llamamos ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_. Con la " "ayuda de nuestros patrocinadores en Kickstarter escogimos veinticuatro " "esfuerzos de todo el mundo que estaban Hechos con Creative Commons. La " "mezcla es diversa, desde un músico individual, a un editor de textos " @@ -2873,7 +2872,7 @@ msgstr "" "público no solo accessarlo, sino también hacer uso de este." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1195 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2893,7 +2892,7 @@ msgstr "" "generación de ingresos, definiciones de éxito." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1199 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -2904,7 +2903,7 @@ msgstr "" "entrevistas e investigaciones." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1207 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -2922,7 +2921,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons usando solo una perspectiva de negocio." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1215 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model “describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, and " @@ -2941,20 +2940,20 @@ msgstr "" "cualquier cosa que uno quiera que signifique.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1220 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " "piece of our analysis (and in more detail in the case studies), we scrapped " "that as our guiding rubric for the book." msgstr "" -"Eventualmente, lo entendimos. Ser Hecho con Creative Commons es más que un " +"Eventualmente, lo entendimos. Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ es más que un " "modelo de negocios. Aunque hablaremos sobre modelos de ingresos específicos " "como una pieza de nuestro análisis (y en más detalle en los casos de " "estudio), lo descartamos como nuestro rubro guía para el libro." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1228 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -2974,7 +2973,7 @@ msgstr "" "de seguir leyendo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1238 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -2987,17 +2986,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "En cada entrevista, empezamos con las mismas preguntas simples. En medio de " "toda la diversidad entre todas las personas creadoras, organizaciones y " -"negocios que perfilamos, había una constante. Ser Hecho con Creative Commons " -"puede ser bueno para el negocio, pero esa no es la razón por la que lo " -"hacen. Compartir trabajo con Creative Commons es, en esencia, una decisión " -"moral. Los beneficios comerciales y otros beneficios individuales son " -"secundarios. La mayoría decidieron usar licencias CC primero, y encontraron " -"un modelo de ingresos luego. Esta fue nuestra primer pista de que escribir " -"un libro únicamente sobre el impacto de compartir en los negocios podría " -"estar un poco desviado." +"negocios que perfilamos, había una constante. Ser _Hecho con Creative " +"Commons_ puede ser bueno para el negocio, pero esa no es la razón por la que " +"lo hacen. Compartir trabajo con Creative Commons es, en esencia, una " +"decisión moral. Los beneficios comerciales y otros beneficios individuales " +"son secundarios. La mayoría decidieron usar licencias CC primero, y " +"encontraron un modelo de ingresos luego. Esta fue nuestra primer pista de " +"que escribir un libro únicamente sobre el impacto de compartir en los " +"negocios podría estar un poco desviado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1244 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -3012,7 +3011,7 @@ msgstr "" "simbolismo detrás de usar CC, y ese simbolismo tiene muchas capas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1255 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -3025,7 +3024,7 @@ msgid "" "something to contribute, and that no one can own our shared culture. They " "reflect a belief in the promise of sharing." msgstr "" -"En un nivel, ser Hecho con Creative Commons expresa una afinidad por los " +"En un nivel, ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ expresa una afinidad por los " "valores de Creative Commons. Aunque hay muchos diferentes sabores de " "licencias CC y casi una infinidad de formas de ser Hecho con Creative " "Commons, el sistema de valores básico está enraizado en una creencia " @@ -3039,7 +3038,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1265 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -3063,7 +3062,7 @@ msgstr "" "conexión." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1271 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -3071,7 +3070,7 @@ msgid "" "them. It was stunning how rarely money was mentioned. Most have a deeper " "purpose and a different vision of success." msgstr "" -"Ser Hecho con Creative Commons no solo demuestra valores conectados a CC y " +"Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ no solo demuestra valores conectados a CC y " "el compartir. También demuestra que algo más que las ganancias dirigen lo " "que usted hace. En nuestras entrevistas, siempre preguntamos cómo se veía el " "éxito para ellos y ellas. Fue maravilloso como pocas veces mencionaron el " @@ -3079,7 +3078,7 @@ msgstr "" "del éxito." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1282 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -3105,7 +3104,7 @@ msgstr "" "significado personal.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1291 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -3125,7 +3124,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencia Creative Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1299 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -3136,27 +3135,27 @@ msgid "" "connection are integral to success." msgstr "" "Esta dinámica es probablemente una razón por la cual hay tantos ejemplos de " -"ser Hecho con Creative Commons en organizaciones sin fines de lucro. El " +"ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ en organizaciones sin fines de lucro. El " "contenido es el resultado de una labor de amor o una herramienta para " "impulsar el cambio social, y el dinero es como la gasolina para el carro, " "algo que se necesita para seguir andando, pero no un fin en sí mismo. Ser " -"Hecho con Creative Commons es una visión diferente de un negocio o sustento, " -"donde la ganancia no es suprema, y producir bien social y conexiones humanas " -"es integral para el éxito." +"_Hecho con Creative Commons_ es una visión diferente de un negocio o " +"sustento, donde la ganancia no es suprema, y producir bien social y " +"conexiones humanas es integral para el éxito." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1303 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " "enough money to keep the lights on." msgstr "" "Incluso si la ganancia no es el objetivo final, hay que producir dinero para " -"ser Hecho con Creative Commons con éxito. Como mínimo, hay que hacer " +"ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ con éxito. Como mínimo, hay que hacer " "suficiente dinero para mantener las luces encendidas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1313 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -3178,7 +3177,7 @@ msgstr "" "antepasados por una fracción del precio.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1324 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -3202,7 +3201,7 @@ msgstr "" "la persona creadora se le pague o no, porque es un trabajo por amor." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1334 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero.4 " @@ -3224,7 +3223,7 @@ msgstr "" "como realizar giras y entrenamiento personalizado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1347 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -3254,7 +3253,7 @@ msgstr "" "financieras de los esfuerzos creativos pueden ser mucho más modestas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1358 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. " @@ -3280,7 +3279,7 @@ msgstr "" "mantener la operación funcionando día a día.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1364 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -3296,7 +3295,7 @@ msgstr "" "operar." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1368 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -3307,12 +3306,12 @@ msgstr "" "ayuda a resolver el «problema cero.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1370 msgid "### Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "### Problema Cero: ser descubierto" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1385 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, “It has " @@ -3346,7 +3345,7 @@ msgstr "" "físico no tuvo.»7 Ya no estamos limitados a lo que apela a las masas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1398 msgid "" "While finding “your people” online is theoretically easier than in the " "analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to actually " @@ -3374,7 +3373,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiene que llamar la atención de las personas correctas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1411 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -3404,7 +3403,7 @@ msgstr "" "que copien su trabajo y que lo compartan con otros es contraproducente." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1415 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, “Recognition is one of " @@ -3416,7 +3415,7 @@ msgstr "" "artístico.»12" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1424 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -3437,7 +3436,7 @@ msgstr "" "generado una inmensa cantidad de buena voluntad dentro de la comunidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1431 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -3453,7 +3452,7 @@ msgstr "" "criminalizados.»13" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1439 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -3471,7 +3470,7 @@ msgstr "" "creativo no tiene impacto en la capacidad de nadie más para usarlo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1453 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -3501,7 +3500,7 @@ msgstr "" "todas las oportunidades que el compartir desbloqueó para ellos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1461 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -3510,7 +3509,7 @@ msgid "" "capacity of your content to your advantage. As my friend and colleague Eric " "Steuer once said, “Using CC licenses shows you get the Internet.”" msgstr "" -"Ser Hecho con Creative Commons significa dejar de pensar sobre formas de " +"Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ significa dejar de pensar sobre formas de " "hacer su contenido artificialmente escaso, y en lugar de eso aprovecharlo " "como el recurso potencialmente abundante que es.14 Cuando se ve la " "abundancia de la información como una funcionalidad y no un error, se " @@ -3519,7 +3518,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencias CC demuestra que usted entiende la Internet.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1470 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return.15 " @@ -3541,7 +3540,7 @@ msgstr "" "hubieran podido hacer de otra manera." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1473 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." @@ -3550,12 +3549,12 @@ msgstr "" "beneficio. Aquí hay unas cuantas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1475 msgid "#### Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "#### Usar CC para generar una audiencia más grande" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1485 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -3577,7 +3576,7 @@ msgstr "" "«©» significa), ¿cuál cree que sea más probable que las personas compartan?" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1492 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -3593,7 +3592,7 @@ msgstr "" "alcanzar tantas personas lectoras como sea posible." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1504 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -3620,7 +3619,7 @@ msgstr "" "prolifere." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1512 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -3638,12 +3637,12 @@ msgstr "" "por lo menos un indicador parcial de calidad o utilidad.18" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1514 msgid "#### Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "#### Usar CC para obtener atribución y reconocimiento de nombre" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1529 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -3676,7 +3675,7 @@ msgstr "" "justicia, como dar crédito." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1540 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -3703,7 +3702,7 @@ msgstr "" "citando su trabajo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1552 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -3730,7 +3729,7 @@ msgstr "" "una parte especial del producto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1560 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -3748,14 +3747,14 @@ msgstr "" "confiable de información es más valioso que nunca." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1562 msgid "#### Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" "#### Utilizar el contenido licenciado con CC como una herramienta " "publicitaria" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1569 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -3773,7 +3772,7 @@ msgstr "" "llevar a la gente al otro producto o servicio." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1582 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -3803,7 +3802,7 @@ msgstr "" "de promoción." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1596 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -3834,14 +3833,14 @@ msgstr "" "libros de texto de OpenStax)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1598 msgid "#### Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" "#### Utilizar CC para que otros se comprometan con tu trabajo y participen " "activamente" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1603 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -3854,7 +3853,7 @@ msgstr "" "para la participación pública en el trabajo creativo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1613 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -3878,7 +3877,7 @@ msgstr "" "la fotografía, la posibilidad de adaptar una foto es menos importante." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1625 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, “People often " @@ -3904,7 +3903,7 @@ msgstr "" "consumiendo algo creado por otro.25" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1633 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -3923,12 +3922,12 @@ msgstr "" "se conecte más profundamente con tu trabajo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1635 msgid "#### Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "#### Usar CC para diferenciarse" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1647 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -3947,7 +3946,7 @@ msgstr "" "derecho de autor, como utilizar sistemas de gestión digital de derechos " "(DRM, por sus siglas en inglés) y firmar contratos de exclusividad, puede " "atar las manos de los creadores, a menudo a costa de los propios intereses " -"del creador.27 Estar Hecho con Creative Commons significa que se puede " +"del creador.27 Estar _Hecho con Creative Commons_ significa que se puede " "funcionar sin esas barreras y, en muchos casos, utilizar la apertura " "incrementada como una ventaja competitiva. David Harris de OpenStax dijo que " "ellos específicamente persiguen estrategias que saben que los editores " @@ -3955,12 +3954,12 @@ msgstr "" "reglas impuestas”, dijo David. “Cambia las reglas del juego.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1649 msgid "### Making Money" msgstr "### Hacer dinero" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1664 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -3991,7 +3990,7 @@ msgstr "" "partir de un sentido de reciprocidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1672 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -4010,7 +4009,7 @@ msgstr "" "organizar las interacciones y cuándo no.”29" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1679 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -4028,12 +4027,12 @@ msgstr "" "alto de abstracción." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1681 msgid "#### Market-based revenue streams" -msgstr "#### Flujos de ganancia basados en el mercado" +msgstr "#### Flujos de ingresos basados en el mercado" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1688 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.30 By definition, if you are " @@ -4044,14 +4043,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "En el mercado, la pregunta central al determinar cómo traer ingresos es qué " "valora la gente y por qué están dispuestos a pagar.30 Por definición, si " -"estás Hecho con Creative Commons, el contenido que proveés está disponible " +"estás _Hecho con Creative Commons_, el contenido que proveés está disponible " "de manera gratuita y no es una bien en el mercado. Al igual que el extendido " "modelo de negocios \"freemium\", cualquier posible transacción en el mercado " "con un consumidor de tu contenido tiene que estar basada en un tipo de valor " "añadido que uno le provee al producto.31" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1702 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -4081,7 +4080,7 @@ msgstr "" "contra de la fuerza de la gravedad.\"" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1711 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -4103,7 +4102,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"33" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1718 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -4117,10 +4116,10 @@ msgstr "" "era digital. De hecho, es posible que tengan una ventaja porque ellos puden " "usar la abundancia de contenido para obtener ganancia de algo escaso. " "Tambien se pueden beneficiar de la buena voluntad sostenida por los valores " -"detras de Hecho con Creative Commons." +"detras de _Hecho con Creative Commons_." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1724 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -4134,21 +4133,20 @@ msgstr "" "servicio asociado con un costo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1726 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "Aquí hay algunas de la categorias superiores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1728 msgid "" -"#### Providing a custom service to consumers of your work * \\[MARKET-BASED" +"#### Providing a custom service to consumers of your work *\\[MARKET-BASED" "\\]*" msgstr "" -"#### Proveer servicio personalizado a los consumidores de tu trabajo *" -"\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" +"#### Proveer servicio personalizado a los consumidores de tu trabajo *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1737 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -4169,12 +4167,12 @@ msgstr "" "personalizadas de Jonathan \"Una-canción-al-dia\" Mann." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1740 -msgid "#### Charging for the physical copy * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1739 +msgid "#### Charging for the physical copy *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "#### Cobrando por la copia física *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1760 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -4218,12 +4216,12 @@ msgstr "" "otro principio de trabajo tradicional." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1763 -msgid "#### Charging for the in-person version * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1762 +msgid "#### Charging for the in-person version *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "#### Cobrando por la versión en persona *\\[BASADA EN EL MERCADO\\]*" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1770 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -4242,12 +4240,12 @@ msgstr "" "capacitación." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1773 -msgid "#### Selling merchandise * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1772 +msgid "#### Selling merchandise *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "#### Vendiendo mercancia *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1777 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -4260,7 +4258,7 @@ msgstr "" "Esto puede ser un flujo de ganancias importante para galerias y museos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1788 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -4286,13 +4284,13 @@ msgstr "" "servicios que tambien se pueden proveer." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1791 -msgid "#### Charging advertisers or sponsors * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1790 +msgid "#### Charging advertisers or sponsors *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" "#### Cobrando a los anunciantes o promotores *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1801 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -4318,13 +4316,13 @@ msgstr "" "particular, o de toda la empresa." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1804 -msgid "#### Charging your content creators * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1803 +msgid "#### Charging your content creators *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" -"#### Cobrando a los creadores de contenido *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]\\*" +"#### Cobrando a los creadores de contenido *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1813 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -4348,12 +4346,12 @@ msgstr "" "contenido del website de The Conversation." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1816 -msgid "#### Charging a transaction fee * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" -msgstr "#### Cobrando una cuota por transacción *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]\\*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1815 +msgid "#### Charging a transaction fee *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +msgstr "#### Cobrando una cuota por transacción *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1825 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.39 Curation is an important element of this " @@ -4376,13 +4374,13 @@ msgstr "" "uno de los diseños en su plataforma." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1828 -msgid "#### Providing a service to your creators* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1827 +msgid "#### Providing a service to your creators *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" "#### Proporcionando un servicio a sus creadores *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1834 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -4400,12 +4398,12 @@ msgstr "" "reusable y localizable." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1837 -msgid "#### Licensing a trademark* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1836 +msgid "#### Licensing a trademark *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" msgstr "#### Licenciando una marca registrada *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1845 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -4426,12 +4424,12 @@ msgstr "" "mientras se toma ventaja de la abundancia del contenido bajo CC." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1847 msgid "#### Reciprocity-based revenue streams" -msgstr "#### Flujos de ganancia basados en el mercado" +msgstr "#### Flujos de ingresos basados en la reciprocidad" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1852 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -4444,7 +4442,7 @@ msgstr "" "hecho dinero. No era simplemente acerca de monetizar la escasez." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1862 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -4468,7 +4466,7 @@ msgstr "" "valor dado y recibido sean estrictamente iguales.\"" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1868 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -4484,7 +4482,7 @@ msgstr "" "evolucionar.\"" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1873 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.40 We almost can’t help but think of " @@ -4497,13 +4495,13 @@ msgstr "" "valor.41" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1875 msgid "#### Memberships and individual donations *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" msgstr "" "#### Membresías y donaciones individuales *\\[BASADAS EN LA RECIPROCIDAD\\]*" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1887 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -4517,7 +4515,7 @@ msgid "" "a social mission, the more likely this strategy is to succeed." msgstr "" "Minetras las membresías y las donaciones son modelos de financiamiento no " -"lucrativo, en el contexto de Hecho con Creative Commons, estan atadas " +"lucrativo, en el contexto de _Hecho con Creative Commons_, estan atadas " "directamente a la relación reciproca que es cultivada con los benificiarios " "de su trabajo. Entre más grande sea la cantidad de aquellos que reciben el " "valor del contenido, es más probable que esta estrategia trabaje, dado que " @@ -4529,12 +4527,12 @@ msgstr "" "estratega triunfe." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1889 msgid "#### The pay-what-you-want model *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" msgstr "#### El modelo paga lo que quieres *\\[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD\\]*" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1899 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -4556,12 +4554,12 @@ msgstr "" "donde podríamos encontrar la manera de obtenerlas gratuitamente." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1901 msgid "#### Crowdfunding *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" msgstr "#### Financiamiento Comunitario *\\[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD\\]*" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1916 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -4579,7 +4577,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Los modelos de financiamiento comunitario estan basados en recolectar el " "costo de crear y distribuir el contenido antes de que el contenido sea " -"creado. Si la empresa es Hecha con Creative Commons, cualquiera que quiera " +"creado. Si la empresa es _Hecha con Creative Commons_, cualquiera que quiera " "el trabajo en cuestión puede simplemente esperar hasta que este creado y " "entonces acceder a el gratuitamente. Eso significa, que para que el modelo " "funcione, la gente tiene que preocuparse más que sólo recibir el trabajo. " @@ -4594,7 +4592,7 @@ msgstr "" "duda alguna: por supuesto.\"" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1923 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -4612,12 +4610,12 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad bibliotecaria y con la idea de acceso abierto general." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1925 msgid "### Making Human Connections" msgstr "#### Creando Conexiones Humanas" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1938 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like “persuading people to buy” and “inviting people to pay.” We " @@ -4643,10 +4641,10 @@ msgstr "" "pare-y-desista; es una invitación a pagar porque es lo correcto. Este tipo " "de comportamiento alrededor de lo que podríamos considerar los clientes no " "pagadores es algo de lo que no se escucha desde hace mucho en el mercado " -"tradicional. Pero parece ser parte de tejido de Hecho con Creative Commons." +"tradicional. Pero parece ser parte de tejido de _Hecho con Creative Commons_." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1945 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -4662,7 +4660,7 @@ msgstr "" "creativas con las personas que valoran lo que ellos hacen." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1949 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -4673,18 +4671,18 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1953 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " "wrong on so many counts." msgstr "" "Vine a la investigación con las nociones preconcebidas acerca de lo que es " -"Creative Commons y que significa ser Hecho con Creative Commons. Resulto que " -"yo estaba mal en muchos aspectos." +"Creative Commons y que significa ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_. Resulto " +"que yo estaba mal en muchos aspectos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1962 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -4695,18 +4693,18 @@ msgid "" "the equation, it is important not to disaggregate the rest of what comes " "with sharing. You have to widen the lens." msgstr "" -"Obviamente, ser Hecho con Creative Commons significa usar licencias Creative " -"Commons. Eso era lo que yo sabía. Pero en nuestras entrevistas, las personas " -"hablaron de mucho más que sólo permisos de copyright cuando explicaban como " -"cmopartir encajaba en lo que ellos hacen. Yo estaba pensando acerca de " -"compartir muy estrechamente, y como resultado, estaba perdiendo una gran " -"parte del significado contenido dentro de las Creative Commons. En vez de " -"analizar críticamente el rol estrecho y específico de la licencia de " +"Obviamente, ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ significa usar licencias " +"Creative Commons. Eso era lo que yo sabía. Pero en nuestras entrevistas, las " +"personas hablaron de mucho más que sólo permisos de copyright cuando " +"explicaban como cmopartir encajaba en lo que ellos hacen. Yo estaba pensando " +"acerca de compartir muy estrechamente, y como resultado, estaba perdiendo " +"una gran parte del significado contenido dentro de las Creative Commons. En " +"vez de analizar críticamente el rol estrecho y específico de la licencia de " "copyright en la ecuación, es importante no separar el resto de lo que " "acompaña a compartir. Tienes que ampliar la óptica." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1974 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -4719,7 +4717,7 @@ msgid "" "with whom you share—connections with you, with your work, with your values, " "with each other." msgstr "" -"Ser Hecho con Creative Commons no es únicamente acerca del simple acto de " +"Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ no es únicamente acerca del simple acto de " "licenciar un material con derechos de autor o copyright bajo un conjunto de " "terminos estandarizados, sino también de comunidad, bienestar social, " "contribuir ideas, expresar un sistema de valores, trabajar juntos. Estos " @@ -4732,7 +4730,7 @@ msgstr "" "conexiones contigo, con tú trabajoj, con tús valores, con todos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1979 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -4745,12 +4743,12 @@ msgstr "" "con todos. Para recordarnos como es realmente el compartir." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1981 msgid "#### Be human" msgstr "#### Ser humano" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1988 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.42 But the further removed we are from the person with whom " @@ -4768,7 +4766,7 @@ msgstr "" "estamos tratando con otro ser humano." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2000 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -4795,7 +4793,7 @@ msgstr "" "que te valoran a tí.\"43" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2010 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "“brand.” That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda Palmer says, " @@ -4818,7 +4816,7 @@ msgstr "" "menos no de una manera significativa." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2019 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -4838,12 +4836,12 @@ msgstr "" "representación. No puedes simular ser humano." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2021 msgid "#### Be open and accountable" msgstr "#### Sé abierto y responsable" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2031 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -4864,7 +4862,7 @@ msgstr "" "de estar preparado para defenderlo cuando la gente es crítica.46" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2044 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -4892,12 +4890,12 @@ msgstr "" "gente se involucre y se interese en lo que hace." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2046 msgid "#### Design for the good actors" msgstr "#### Diseñar para los buenos actores" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2059 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.49 Any relatively introspective human knows this " @@ -4917,7 +4915,7 @@ msgstr "" "relativamente introspectivo sabe que eso es una ficción—somos seres mucho " "más complicados con un amplio rango de necesidades, emociones, y " "motivaciones. De hecho, estamos hechos para trabajar juntos y grantizar la " -"equidad.50 Ser Hecho con Creative Commons requiere creer que la gente " +"equidad.50 Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ requiere creer que la gente " "actuará mayormente sobre esas motivaciones sociales, motivaciones que puden " "ser consideradas \"irracionales\" en un sentido económico. Como dijo Pinter " "de Knowledge Unlatched, \"Es mejor ignorar a la gente que trata de " @@ -4927,7 +4925,7 @@ msgstr "" "con Creative Commons están diseñados para los buenos actores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2068 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems that assume " @@ -4948,7 +4946,7 @@ msgstr "" "inspiren y acentuen nuestros instintos sociales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2078 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -4972,12 +4970,12 @@ msgstr "" "hacen." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2080 msgid "#### Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "#### Trata a los seres humanos como, bueno, humanos" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2089 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”53 Even if you " @@ -4997,7 +4995,7 @@ msgstr "" "público, haciendo un punto al escuchar tanto como habla. 54" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2094 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -5009,7 +5007,7 @@ msgstr "" "con los usuarios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2106 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -5036,12 +5034,12 @@ msgstr "" "dinámica dramáticamente.56" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2108 msgid "#### State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "#### Establece tus principios y apégate a ellos" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2118 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -5052,7 +5050,7 @@ msgid "" "akin to a political statement. Other times people will identify and feel " "connected with an endeavor’s separate social mission. Often both." msgstr "" -"Ser Hecho con Creative Commons hace una declaración acerca de quién eres y " +"Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ hace una declaración acerca de quién eres y " "qué haces. El simbolismo es poderoso. Usar licencias Creative Commons " "demuestra adherencia a un particular tipo de creencias, las cuales generan " "bienestar y conectan a tu trabajo con gente de pensamiento similar. Algunas " @@ -5063,7 +5061,7 @@ msgstr "" "parte de alguna empresa . Regularmente ambas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2127 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -5084,7 +5082,7 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad OER (recursos abiertos educativos) en la que ellos operan." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2133 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -5098,12 +5096,12 @@ msgstr "" "confianza." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2135 msgid "#### Build a community" msgstr "#### Construye una comunidad" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2145 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -5124,7 +5122,7 @@ msgstr "" "y son atraídos para los valores que se simbolizan en el uso de CC." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2157 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -5150,7 +5148,7 @@ msgstr "" "organizaciones abiertas.\"60" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2169 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s difficult to " @@ -5176,7 +5174,7 @@ msgstr "" "desunión." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2173 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." @@ -5186,12 +5184,12 @@ msgstr "" "lo que se trata compartir." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2175 msgid "#### Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "#### Da más a los comunes de lo que te llevas" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2186 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -5218,7 +5216,7 @@ msgstr "" "es compartir." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2198 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -5246,7 +5244,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo en la plataforma de una manera efectiva." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2206 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -5265,12 +5263,12 @@ msgstr "" "cuando el valor que ellos añaden sobrepasa el valor que tú añadiste." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2208 msgid "#### Involve people in what you do" msgstr "#### Involucra a la gente en lo que haces" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2220 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent.66 But to " @@ -5294,7 +5292,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin un compromiso de tiempo demasiado pesado.68" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2229 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -5314,7 +5312,7 @@ msgstr "" "diferencia.69" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2246 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -5351,7 +5349,7 @@ msgstr "" "recibir aportes era en la escritura, en la música misma\".71" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2257 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -5376,7 +5374,7 @@ msgstr "" "colaboración florece.73" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2266 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -5397,13 +5395,8 @@ msgstr "" "consumidores como receptores pasivos de tu contenido y convertirlos en " "participantes activos.75" -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2269 -msgid "#### Notes" -msgstr "#### Notas" - #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2369 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at " @@ -5414,7 +5407,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponible en: strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation." #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2369 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." @@ -5423,12 +5416,12 @@ msgstr "" "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2369 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "Ibid., 55." #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2369 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -5439,12 +5432,12 @@ msgstr "" "Hyperion, 2010), 224." #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2369 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." #. type: Bullet: '6. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2369 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." @@ -5453,7 +5446,7 @@ msgstr "" "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." #. type: Bullet: '7. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2369 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." @@ -5462,7 +5455,7 @@ msgstr "" "2012), 64." #. type: Bullet: '8. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2369 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." @@ -5471,7 +5464,7 @@ msgstr "" "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2369 #, no-wrap msgid "" "9. Anderson, Makers, 66.\n" @@ -5645,12 +5638,12 @@ msgstr "" " Collaborative Consumption (Nueva York: Harper Business, 2010), 188.\n" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371 msgid "## The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "## Las Licencias Creative Commons" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2384 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -5677,13 +5670,12 @@ msgstr "" "patentes o marcas registradas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2386 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "A continuación se presentan las seis licencias:" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2390 -#, fuzzy +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2389 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png){width=\"4.198in\" " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" @@ -5692,7 +5684,7 @@ msgstr "" "height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2395 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -5706,7 +5698,7 @@ msgstr "" "de materiales licenciados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2398 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png){width=\"4.198in\" " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" @@ -5715,7 +5707,7 @@ msgstr "" "height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2405 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -5733,7 +5725,7 @@ msgstr "" "derivada también permitirá el uso con fines comerciales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2408 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png){width=\"4.198in\" " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" @@ -5742,7 +5734,7 @@ msgstr "" "height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2412 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -5753,7 +5745,7 @@ msgstr "" "modificaciones y te den crédito como autor." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2415 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png){width=\"4.198in\" " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" @@ -5762,7 +5754,7 @@ msgstr "" "height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2420 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -5775,7 +5767,7 @@ msgstr "" "creador, no tienen la obligación de licenciarlos bajo estos mismos términos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2423 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png){width=\"4.198in\" " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" @@ -5784,7 +5776,7 @@ msgstr "" "height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2427 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -5796,7 +5788,7 @@ msgstr "" "creaciones bajo los mismos términos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2430 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png){width=\"4.198in\" " "height=\"1.4689in\"}" @@ -5805,7 +5797,7 @@ msgstr "" "height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2435 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -5818,7 +5810,7 @@ msgstr "" "posibilidad de modificarla de ninguna manera o utilizarla comercialmente." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2440 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -5830,7 +5822,7 @@ msgstr "" "cuyos plazos de derechos de autor han expirado:" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2443 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png){width=\"4.1665in" "\" height=\"1.4689in\"}" @@ -5839,7 +5831,7 @@ msgstr "" "\" height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2446 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (“no rights reserved”)." @@ -5848,7 +5840,7 @@ msgstr "" "al dominio público en todo el mundo (”ningún derecho reservado”)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2449 msgid "" "![](Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png){width=\"4.1665in" "\" height=\"1.4689in\"}" @@ -5857,7 +5849,7 @@ msgstr "" "\" height=\"1.4689in\"}" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2453 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." @@ -5867,7 +5859,7 @@ msgstr "" "derecho autoral." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2462 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -5889,7 +5881,7 @@ msgstr "" "digital, amplifican su involucramiento y compromiso de compartir." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2474 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -5915,7 +5907,7 @@ msgstr "" "largometraje, o evitar que otra compañía venda copias físicas del mismo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2486 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -5941,7 +5933,7 @@ msgstr "" "distribuidora descubra su trabajo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2491 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -5955,7 +5947,7 @@ msgstr "" "médicos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2501 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -5979,12 +5971,12 @@ msgstr "" "entre distintos dominios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2503 msgid "Note" msgstr "Notas" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2507 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called “Share " @@ -5996,17 +5988,17 @@ msgstr "" "Your Work” en" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2509 msgid "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/." msgstr "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2512 msgid "# The Case Studies" msgstr "# Los estudios de caso" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2520 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -6026,7 +6018,7 @@ msgstr "" "por nosotros." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2526 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -6041,12 +6033,12 @@ msgstr "" "en buena medida la manera en que nos fue contado por quienes entrevistamos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2528 msgid "## Arduino" msgstr "## Arduino" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2531 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." @@ -6055,52 +6047,52 @@ msgstr "" "hardware y software con fines de lucro. Fundada en Italia en 2005." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2533 msgid "www.arduino.cc" msgstr "www.arduino.cc" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2537 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (sales of boards, modules, " "shields, and kits), licensing a trademark (fees paid by those who want to " "sell Arduino products using their name)" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ganancia: Cobrar por copias físicas (venta de tarjetas, módulos, " +"Modelo de ingresos: Cobrar por copias físicas (venta de tarjetas, módulos, " "escudos y kits), licenciamiento de la marca registrada (el importe pagado " "por aquellos que quieren vender productos Arduino utilizando su nombre)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2540 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3222 msgid "Interview date: February 4, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 4 de febrero, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2541 msgid "Interviewees: David Cuartielles and Tom Igoe, cofounders" msgstr "Entrevistados: David Cuartielles y Tom Igoe, cofundadores" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2544 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3227 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3582 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3787 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4027 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4264 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4674 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4886 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5113 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5351 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5786 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6030 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6419 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7063 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7060 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Paul Stacey" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2555 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -6128,7 +6120,7 @@ msgstr "" "software bajo la Licencia Pública General (GPL) de GNU." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2563 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -6146,7 +6138,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer artes visuales)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2570 msgid "" "“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. " "Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature of " @@ -6163,7 +6155,7 @@ msgstr "" "lo que pensamos siquiera en construir.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2579 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -6182,7 +6174,7 @@ msgstr "" "de Tom, ”abrir las fuentes facilita confiar en un producto.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2586 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -6199,7 +6191,7 @@ msgstr "" "se invirtieron en sostener y mejorar a Arduino." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2593 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -6214,7 +6206,7 @@ msgstr "" "cliente lo hace a uno más confiado y convincente al vender el producto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2605 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -6240,7 +6232,7 @@ msgstr "" "vendido a un precio razonable, la gente lo comprará." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2618 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -6269,7 +6261,7 @@ msgstr "" "accesible, útil tanto para novatos como para expertos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2625 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -6286,7 +6278,7 @@ msgstr "" "altos para sostener el negocio." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2631 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -6301,7 +6293,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir las cosas bajo un modelo abierto únicamente le ayudará.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2641 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -6324,7 +6316,7 @@ msgstr "" "asegurar que la mueva versión es igualmente libre y abierta." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2651 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -6346,7 +6338,7 @@ msgstr "" "incorpora en sus nuevos productos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2661 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2660 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -6368,7 +6360,7 @@ msgstr "" "tarjeta para darle mayor funcionalidad), y kits.1" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2671 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -6392,7 +6384,7 @@ msgstr "" "problemas de la gente. La comunidad creció orgánicamente desde ese punto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2681 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -6416,7 +6408,7 @@ msgstr "" "no sufre por copias de mala calidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2689 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -6435,7 +6427,7 @@ msgstr "" "generación de ganancias para Arduino." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2696 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -6453,7 +6445,7 @@ msgstr "" "herramienta crítica para Arduino." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2709 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -6480,7 +6472,7 @@ msgstr "" "oficiales y aquellas que son clones, derivados, compatibles, y falsificados.2" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2715 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -6496,7 +6488,7 @@ msgstr "" "cosas.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2721 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about “the " @@ -6512,7 +6504,7 @@ msgstr "" "alfabetización que todos debieran aprender.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2725 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -6523,38 +6515,38 @@ msgstr "" "precios, y bueno para la manufactura." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2728 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3766 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4006 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4243 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4865 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5329 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5576 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6009 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6236 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6677 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6006 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7241 msgid "Web links" msgstr "Vínculos Web" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2730 msgid "www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products" msgstr "www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2730 msgid "blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/" msgstr "blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2732 msgid "## Ártica" msgstr "## Ártica" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2736 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -6565,41 +6557,41 @@ msgstr "" "colaboración en las artes y la cultura. Fundada en 2011 en Uruguay." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2738 msgid "www.articaonline.com" msgstr "www.articaonline.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2740 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services" -msgstr "Modelo de ganancia: cobrar por servicios personalizados" +msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: cobrar por servicios personalizados" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2742 msgid "Interview date: March 9, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: 9 de marzo de 2016" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 9 de marzo, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2744 msgid "Interviewees: Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" -msgstr "Entravistados: Mariana Fossatti y Jorge Gemetto, cofundadores" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2747 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2897 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3052 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3393 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4505 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5593 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6260 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6697 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6875 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7263 +msgstr "Entrevistados: Mariana Fossatti y Jorge Gemetto, cofundadores" + +#. type: Plain text +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7260 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2751 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -6612,12 +6604,12 @@ msgstr "" "que ellos construyeron por sí mismos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2753 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "El trabajo de sus sueños no existía, así que lo crearon." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2763 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -6639,7 +6631,7 @@ msgstr "" "crean proyectos artísticos y culturales en la Internet." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2774 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -6665,7 +6657,7 @@ msgstr "" "intermediarios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2783 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -6685,7 +6677,7 @@ msgstr "" "personalizados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2790 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. “Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -6703,7 +6695,7 @@ msgstr "" "especializados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2796 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -6719,7 +6711,7 @@ msgstr "" "individuales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2802 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -6734,7 +6726,7 @@ msgstr "" "les lleva a algo nuevo, cada nuevo recurso que crean abre nuevas puertas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2816 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -6764,7 +6756,7 @@ msgstr "" "un acuerdo justo y ético.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2823 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2822 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -6780,7 +6772,7 @@ msgstr "" "oportunidades para su negocio." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2831 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -6800,7 +6792,7 @@ msgstr "" "complejo en el futuro, como un curso o un libro.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2839 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. “This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in order to " @@ -6818,7 +6810,7 @@ msgstr "" "importante como el producto final." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2845 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In the " "educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay attention to " @@ -6833,7 +6825,7 @@ msgstr "" "importante son las relaciones.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2849 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -6844,7 +6836,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir sus conocimientos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2860 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content is " "not enough,” Jorge said. “We also think that it is very important to take a " @@ -6870,7 +6862,7 @@ msgstr "" "cultura." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2868 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. " "Human resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -6887,7 +6879,7 @@ msgstr "" "eficiente y sostenible, y por esto, es un éxito." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2874 msgid "" "“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it is " "easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very specific and " @@ -6902,7 +6894,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacerlo de forma sostenible y colaborativa." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2880 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -6917,12 +6909,12 @@ msgstr "" "cómo se ve.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2883 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2882 msgid "## Blender Institute" msgstr "## Blender Institute" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2885 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." @@ -6931,31 +6923,31 @@ msgstr "" "utilizando el software Blender. Fundado en 2006 en los Países Bajos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2887 msgid "www.blender.org" msgstr "www.blender.org" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2890 msgid "" "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for physical " "copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ganancia: crowdfunding (basado en subscripción), cobrando por " +"Modelo de ingresos: crowdfunding (basado en subscripción), cobrando por " "copias físicas, venta de mercancía" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2892 msgid "Interview date: March 8, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 8 de marzo, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2894 msgid "Interviewee: Francesco Siddi, production coordinator" msgstr "Entrevistado: Francesco Siddi, coordinador de producción" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2905 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -6976,7 +6968,7 @@ msgstr "" "Blender y a su comunidad de maneras concretas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2914 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -6997,7 +6989,7 @@ msgstr "" "en conjunto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2920 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -7010,7 +7002,7 @@ msgstr "" "contenido empleando tus propias herramientas, no estás haciendo nada.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2930 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -7032,7 +7024,7 @@ msgstr "" "bajo la Licencia Pública General GNU." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2940 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -7056,7 +7048,7 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad de desarrolladores para que el proyecto pudiera vivir.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2947 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. “Software " @@ -7072,7 +7064,7 @@ msgstr "" "administrar al desarrollo y mantenimiento de software." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2956 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -7093,7 +7085,7 @@ msgstr "" "programa Blender." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2963 msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -7111,7 +7103,7 @@ msgstr "" "creerlo.'”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2969 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -7126,7 +7118,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus caracteres animados fueron recogidos por vendedores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2980 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -7151,7 +7143,7 @@ msgstr "" "limitantes presupuestales.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2988 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -7169,7 +7161,7 @@ msgstr "" "comprende el beneficio de estos proyectos,” dice Francesco." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2995 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -7186,7 +7178,7 @@ msgstr "" "entonces termina. Eso es un problema.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3009 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -7216,7 +7208,7 @@ msgstr "" "otros materiales utilizados en varios proyectos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3014 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -7229,7 +7221,7 @@ msgstr "" "nuesra libertad,” nos dice, ”y para los artistas, la libertad lo es todo.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3021 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -7247,7 +7239,7 @@ msgstr "" "productos Blender." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3026 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -7260,7 +7252,7 @@ msgstr "" "abierto. Vender una licencia nunca fue parte de su modelo de negocios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3034 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -7279,17 +7271,17 @@ msgstr "" "presupuesto reproducir lo que hiciste”, dijo Ton." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3036 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "Para Ton y Blender, a fin de cuentas todo se trata de hacer." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3038 msgid "## Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "## Cards Against Humanity" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3041 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." @@ -7299,27 +7291,27 @@ msgstr "" "Estados Unidos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3043 msgid "www.cardsagainsthumanity.com" msgstr "www.cardsagainsthumanity.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3045 msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies" -msgstr "Modelo de ganancia: Cobrar por copias físicas" +msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: Cobrar por copias físicas" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3047 msgid "Interview date: February 3, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 3 de febrero, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3049 msgid "Interviewee: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "Entrevistado: Max Temkin, cofundador" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3057 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3056 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. “We make a product. We sell " @@ -7331,7 +7323,7 @@ msgstr "" "del que ganamos”." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3064 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -7351,7 +7343,7 @@ msgstr "" "lograr un juego hilarante y divertido." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3070 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -7359,14 +7351,14 @@ msgid "" "are official expansion packs available, and several official themed packs " "and international editions as well." msgstr "" -"El modelo de ganancia es simple. Las copias físicas del juego se venden para " +"El modelo de ingresos es simple. Las copias físicas del juego se venden para " "obtener ganancias. Y funciona. Al momento de escribir esto, Cards Against " "Humanity es el artículo más vendido de entre todos los juguetes y juegos de " "Amazon. Hay paquetes de expansión disponibles, y varios paquetes temáticos " "oficiales, así como ediciones internacionales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3075 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -7379,7 +7371,7 @@ msgstr "" "contar las descargas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3081 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -7394,7 +7386,7 @@ msgstr "" "juego es todo un nuevo juego por sí solo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3086 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -7405,7 +7397,7 @@ msgstr "" "una base de seguidores masiva." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3097 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -7430,7 +7422,7 @@ msgstr "" "obtuvieron \\$15,000. El juego salió oficialmente a mercado en mayo de 2011." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3101 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -7441,7 +7433,7 @@ msgstr "" "decidieran hacer de éste un negocio continuado. ”Simplemente ocurrió,” dice." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3106 msgid "" "But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like the " "game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. It is " @@ -7454,7 +7446,7 @@ msgstr "" "preguntas frecuentes de su sitio Web ”Tus tontas preguntas.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3118 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -7483,7 +7475,7 @@ msgstr "" "su Venta de Todo Cuesta \\$5 Más." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3122 msgid "" "“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans were " "going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went with it. " @@ -7494,7 +7486,7 @@ msgstr "" "hicimos. La gente aceptó perfectamente el chiste.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3127 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -7508,7 +7500,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacemos.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3134 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a little " "subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke.” One " @@ -7525,7 +7517,7 @@ msgstr "" "haciéndolo exitoso. Obtuvieron \\$70,000 en un sólo día." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3145 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -7550,7 +7542,7 @@ msgstr "" "veces, porque los beneficios son muchísimos.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3152 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -7566,7 +7558,7 @@ msgstr "" "del juego creadas por los seguidores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3157 msgid "" "Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -7580,7 +7572,7 @@ msgstr "" "en la comercialización.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3168 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -7605,7 +7597,7 @@ msgstr "" "habido un puñado de casos en los que involucraron a un abogado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3176 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -7625,7 +7617,7 @@ msgstr "" "cantidad de trabajo y de atención a las sutilezas.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3185 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -7647,7 +7639,7 @@ msgstr "" "publicado, una vez que la gente crea sus propias adaptaciones del juego." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3191 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -7662,7 +7654,7 @@ msgstr "" "más chistes y juegos,” dice." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3198 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than \\$4 million to various charities " "and causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all have other " @@ -7679,7 +7671,7 @@ msgstr "" "juego hacia ellas.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3204 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -7695,7 +7687,7 @@ msgstr "" "obtener más dinero de los clientes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3209 msgid "" "“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” Max " "said. “If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not best " @@ -7708,12 +7700,12 @@ msgstr "" "quién es usted, y por qué está haciendo las cosas.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3211 msgid "## The Conversation" msgstr "## The Conversation (La conversación)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3215 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -7724,12 +7716,12 @@ msgstr "" "través de Internet. Fundado en el 2011 en Australia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3217 msgid "theconversation.com" msgstr "theconversation.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3220 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging content creators (universities pay membership fees " "to have their faculties serve as writers), grant funding" @@ -7739,12 +7731,12 @@ msgstr "" "escritores), donaciones" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3224 msgid "Interviewee: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "Entrevistado: Andrew Jaspan, fundador" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3234 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -7762,7 +7754,7 @@ msgstr "" "realizó un compromiso de regresar con un modelo alternativo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3240 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -7778,7 +7770,7 @@ msgstr "" "sexy." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3258 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -7817,7 +7809,7 @@ msgstr "" "público pero no tan bueno al exhibir su experiencia ante amplias audiencias." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3269 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -7843,7 +7835,7 @@ msgstr "" "escribiendo lo que ellos quieran." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3280 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -7867,7 +7859,7 @@ msgstr "" "licenciado con Creative Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3289 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -7887,7 +7879,7 @@ msgstr "" "fidedigna de información basada en evidencia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3302 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -7916,7 +7908,7 @@ msgstr "" "republicarlo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3313 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -7940,7 +7932,7 @@ msgstr "" "que hace The Conversation." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3320 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has grown " @@ -7956,7 +7948,7 @@ msgstr "" "través de ser un proveedor acreditado para el feed de Noticias de Google." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3328 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -7974,7 +7966,7 @@ msgstr "" "no recibe ningún anuncio y es una empresa sin ánimo de lucro." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3337 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -7994,7 +7986,7 @@ msgstr "" "del mundo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3345 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3344 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -8012,7 +8004,7 @@ msgstr "" "y las características distintivas del servicio." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3350 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -8028,7 +8020,7 @@ msgstr "" "editorial asesor." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3358 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -8048,7 +8040,7 @@ msgstr "" "dónde se está republicando el artículo y el número de lecturas por artículo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3364 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -8065,7 +8057,7 @@ msgstr "" "consulta de una empresa sobre un tema." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3368 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -8076,7 +8068,7 @@ msgstr "" "y moestrar por qué son de valor." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3374 msgid "" "With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation " "represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more informed " @@ -8092,39 +8084,39 @@ msgstr "" "tiempo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3377 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4486 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5767 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7409 msgid "Web link" msgstr "Sitio web" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3378 msgid "theconversation.com/us/charter" msgstr "theconversation.com/us/charter" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3380 msgid "## Cory Doctorow" msgstr "## Cory Doctorow" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3383 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" -"Cory Doctorow es una escritor de ciencia ficción, activista, bloguero y " +"Cory Doctorow es un escritor de ciencia ficción, activista, bloguero y " "periodista. Vive en los Estados Unidos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3385 msgid "craphound.com and boingboing.net" msgstr "craphound.com y boingboing.net" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3388 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, " "selling translation rights to books" @@ -8133,12 +8125,12 @@ msgstr "" "lo-que-quiera, vender derechos de traducción de los libros" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3390 msgid "Interview date: January 12, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 12 de enero de 2016" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 12 de enero, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3399 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he is " "not a brand. “To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing that has " @@ -8156,7 +8148,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3403 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -8167,7 +8159,7 @@ msgstr "" "camino para que ellos lo compartieran." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3412 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -8187,7 +8179,7 @@ msgstr "" "que los creadores pueden ganarse la vida en la era de Internet." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3416 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -8198,7 +8190,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelos de pague-lo-que-quiera para su trabajo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3431 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -8230,7 +8222,7 @@ msgstr "" "que hace que lo que hago le guste a la gente.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3442 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -8255,7 +8247,7 @@ msgstr "" "estaba escribiendo para mantenerme cuerdo.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3450 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -8275,7 +8267,7 @@ msgstr "" "simboliza su visión de mundo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3458 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -8294,7 +8286,7 @@ msgstr "" "su trabajo. \"Empecé por no llamarlos ladrones\", dice." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3469 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -8318,7 +8310,7 @@ msgstr "" "y darles el libro de manera gratuita en un formato destinado a difundirlo.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3475 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -8334,7 +8326,7 @@ msgstr "" "establecido." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3482 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -8350,7 +8342,7 @@ msgstr "" "lo hace\", dice." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3495 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. “Being open to fan activity makes " @@ -8379,7 +8371,7 @@ msgstr "" "que pueda obtener.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3508 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -8407,7 +8399,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles de manera gratuita." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3520 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -8435,7 +8427,7 @@ msgstr "" "posibilidad de obtener algo.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3529 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -8455,7 +8447,7 @@ msgstr "" "te entrega la llave, ese candado no está puesto ahí para tu beneficio.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3538 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -8477,7 +8469,7 @@ msgstr "" "de tomar control sobre su trabajo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3547 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -8499,7 +8491,7 @@ msgstr "" "experimento de pague-lo-que-quiera." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3556 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -8522,7 +8514,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3562 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -8537,17 +8529,17 @@ msgstr "" "las cosas y cómo llevarlas a la mente y a las manos de otras personas.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3564 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "Nunca ha sido más fácil pensar como un diente de león." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3566 msgid "## Figshare" msgstr "## Figshare" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3571 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -8559,28 +8551,28 @@ msgstr "" "videos. Fundado en el año 2011 en Gran Bretaña." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3573 msgid "figshare.com" msgstr "figshare.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3575 msgid "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators" msgstr "" "Model de negocios: la plataforma le provee servicios pagos a los creadores" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3577 msgid "Interview date: January 28, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 28 de enero de 2016" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 28 de enero, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3579 msgid "Interviewee: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "Entrevistado: Mark Hahnel, fundador" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3590 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -8602,7 +8594,7 @@ msgstr "" "forma tal que el modelo actual de publicación académica no permite." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3594 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -8614,7 +8606,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiempo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3602 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -8632,7 +8624,7 @@ msgstr "" "sería mejor para su carrera." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3608 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -8645,7 +8637,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquiera. Así que empezó a trabajar en una solución." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3612 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -8657,7 +8649,7 @@ msgstr "" "un período largo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3619 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -8675,7 +8667,7 @@ msgstr "" "de DOIs para datos de investigación." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3625 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -8690,7 +8682,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY (Atribución) para figuras, videos y conjuntos de datos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3630 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -8704,7 +8696,7 @@ msgstr "" "ellos también lo utilizaran." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3637 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -8721,7 +8713,7 @@ msgstr "" "utilizadas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3643 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -8735,7 +8727,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo de negocios del tipo freemium." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3653 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -8758,7 +8750,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nosotros simplemente nos aseguramos de que persista.\"" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3661 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -8778,7 +8770,7 @@ msgstr "" "proveyera esa funcionalidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3673 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -8807,7 +8799,7 @@ msgstr "" "para los datos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3681 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -8827,7 +8819,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocios, agregando servicios para instituciones." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3689 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -8847,7 +8839,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecarias y administradoras, tanto como investigadoras." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3700 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -8872,7 +8864,7 @@ msgstr "" "(Atribución-SinDerivados)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3708 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -8892,7 +8884,7 @@ msgstr "" "el ejemplo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3715 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -8909,7 +8901,7 @@ msgstr "" "instituciones la harán su licencia de elección." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3724 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -8931,7 +8923,7 @@ msgstr "" "persona espectadora puede alterar cambiando cualquiera de las variables.2" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3734 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -8953,7 +8945,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3744 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -8976,7 +8968,7 @@ msgstr "" "siendo usado por las principales instituciones." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3751 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -8992,7 +8984,7 @@ msgstr "" "y fuentes de noticias." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3763 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -9019,8 +9011,7 @@ msgstr "" "permitiendo que las personas colaboren y hagan nuevos descubrimientos." #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3770 -#, fuzzy +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3769 msgid "" "figshare.com/articles/Journal\\_subscription\\_costs\\_FOIs\\_to\\_UK" "\\_universities/1186832" @@ -9029,7 +9020,7 @@ msgstr "" "\\_universities/1186832" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3769 msgid "" "retr0.shinyapps.io/journal\\_costs/?" "year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136" @@ -9038,17 +9029,17 @@ msgstr "" "year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3769 msgid "figshare.com/features" msgstr "figshare.com/features" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3771 msgid "## Figure.NZ" msgstr "## Figure.NZ" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3775 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New Zealand." @@ -9058,12 +9049,12 @@ msgstr "" "reusables y fáciles de entender. Fundada en 2012 en Nueva Zelanda." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3777 msgid "figure.nz" msgstr "figure.nz" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3780 msgid "" "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators, donations, " "sponsorships" @@ -9072,17 +9063,17 @@ msgstr "" "creadores, donaciones, patrocinios" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3782 msgid "Interview date: May 3, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: mayo 3 de 2016" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 3 de mayo, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3784 msgid "Interviewee: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "Entrevistada: Lillian Grace, fundadora" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3803 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,1 Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace " @@ -9120,7 +9111,7 @@ msgstr "" "Zelanda." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3812 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -9142,7 +9133,7 @@ msgstr "" "información e investigación por los cuales usualmente tiene que pagar." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3825 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3824 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -9169,7 +9160,7 @@ msgstr "" "aquellos que quisieran abrir su información y presentarla visualmente." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3839 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -9202,7 +9193,7 @@ msgstr "" "tanto den créditos a la fuente original y a Figure.NZ" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3853 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -9232,7 +9223,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons, lo cual queda muy bien con la decisión de Figure.NZ" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3864 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -9259,7 +9250,7 @@ msgstr "" "Figure.NZ. Las personas los ven como un luchador y fuente confiable." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3881 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -9295,7 +9286,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquier organización se diferencien, se comercialicen y se creen una marca." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3886 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -9308,7 +9299,7 @@ msgstr "" "obtener valor de la información y los visuales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3899 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -9339,7 +9330,7 @@ msgstr "" "los usuarios, para verdaderamente democratizar la información." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3910 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -9365,7 +9356,7 @@ msgstr "" "nunca se había hecho antes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3916 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -9380,7 +9371,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin tener que saber que preguntas realizar.3" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3920 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.4 Patrons donate to topic areas they care about, " "directly enabling Figure.NZ to get data together to flesh out those areas. " @@ -9392,7 +9383,7 @@ msgstr "" "patrocinadores no dirigen qué datos están incluidos o excluidos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3925 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -9406,7 +9397,7 @@ msgstr "" "de impuestos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3935 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -9430,7 +9421,7 @@ msgstr "" "construyendo relaciones externas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3944 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -9450,7 +9441,7 @@ msgstr "" "experiencias intuitivas, no manuales de usuarios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3956 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -9477,7 +9468,7 @@ msgstr "" "accede, e interpreta los datos de los tópicos en los que están interesados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3964 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We " @@ -9495,7 +9486,7 @@ msgstr "" "otros, ya fuera en nombre de un país o de empresas. »" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3968 msgid "" "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -9507,7 +9498,7 @@ msgstr "" "informadas.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3972 msgid "" "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -9519,7 +9510,7 @@ msgstr "" "aún.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3982 msgid "" "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -9539,10 +9530,10 @@ msgstr "" "deberían ser algo que todos los ciudadanos tengan. No hemos adoptado todavía " "un pensamiento similar acerca de los números y el conocimiento de los datos. " "Todavía creemos que solo unos pocos con entrenamiento especializado puede " -"analizar y pensar con números. »" +"analizar y pensar con números.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3988 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -9556,7 +9547,7 @@ msgstr "" "gráficos, mapas y datos.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3996 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people analyze " "what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -9572,10 +9563,10 @@ msgstr "" "experiencia personal. El impacto y el valor a largo plazon son casi " "imposibles de medir, pero el objetivo es ayudar a los ciudadanos a ganar " "entendimiento y trabajar juntos en formas más informadas para modelar el " -"futuro. »" +"futuro.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4003 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -9591,14 +9582,14 @@ msgstr "" "que el efecto red sea posible." #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4010 msgid "" "www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF\\_harness-the-power.pdf" msgstr "" "www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF\\_harness-the-power.pdf" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4010 msgid "" "www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/new-zealand-" "government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/" @@ -9607,22 +9598,22 @@ msgstr "" "government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4010 msgid "figure.nz/business/" msgstr "figure.nz/business/" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4010 msgid "figure.nz/patrons/" msgstr "figure.nz/patrons/" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4012 msgid "## Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "## Knowledge Unlatched" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4016 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -9633,27 +9624,27 @@ msgstr "" "acceso abierto. Fundada en 2012 en el Reino Unido." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4018 msgid "knowledgeunlatched.org" msgstr "knowledgeunlatched.org" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4020 msgid "Revenue model: crowdfunding (specialized)" msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: financiamiento comunitario (especializado)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4022 msgid "Interview date: February 26, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: Febrero 26, 2016" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 26 de febrero, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4024 msgid "Interviewee: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "Entrevistado: Frances Pinter, fundador" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4040 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -9685,7 +9676,7 @@ msgstr "" "2015." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4045 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -9699,7 +9690,7 @@ msgstr "" "entre los usuarios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4050 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -9712,7 +9703,7 @@ msgstr "" "impresos. La ventas subieron, no bajaron." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4064 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -9744,7 +9735,7 @@ msgstr "" "para el formato impreso." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4071 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -9762,7 +9753,7 @@ msgstr "" "del helado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4078 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -9780,7 +9771,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4085 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -9797,7 +9788,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4094 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -9818,7 +9809,7 @@ msgstr "" "RU para las empresas sociales sin ánimo de lucro) en 2012." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4097 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" @@ -9827,7 +9818,7 @@ msgstr "" "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Acedemic Publishing:" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4115 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." @@ -9836,7 +9827,7 @@ msgstr "" "generación sólo a través de Knowledge Unlatched." #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4115 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." @@ -9845,7 +9836,7 @@ msgstr "" "colecciones (como lo hacen con los proveedores de bibliotecas ahora)." #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4115 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." @@ -9854,7 +9845,7 @@ msgstr "" "que serán comprados y los precios establecidos." #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4115 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -9867,7 +9858,7 @@ msgstr "" "mínimo de bibliotecas para cubrir la Cuota por Título." #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4115 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -9879,7 +9870,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecas." #. type: Bullet: '6. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4116 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4115 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -9891,7 +9882,7 @@ msgstr "" "por Título e incentivan las membresías.1" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4123 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -9910,7 +9901,7 @@ msgstr "" "bajo hasta cuarenta y tres dolares." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4133 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4132 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.4 Most books have been licensed with CC BY-NC or CC " @@ -9932,7 +9923,7 @@ msgstr "" "autores el continuar obteniendo regalías en la ventas de las copias físicas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4142 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -9954,7 +9945,7 @@ msgstr "" "la orden y el precio por libro baja para cada biblioteca." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4155 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -9983,7 +9974,7 @@ msgstr "" "finalmente, desbloquearlos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4160 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -9995,7 +9986,7 @@ msgstr "" "ciclos de presupuestos, y las juntas del directorio de las bibliotecas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4168 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -10014,7 +10005,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecarios, que ha involucrado a más bibliotecas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4172 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -10025,7 +10016,7 @@ msgstr "" "comenzará a hacer revistas especializadas de acceso libre también." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4176 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -10037,7 +10028,7 @@ msgstr "" "estandar cerrado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4184 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "\\$5,000 to \\$50,000. A good one costs in the \\$10,000 to \\$15,000 range. " @@ -10057,7 +10048,7 @@ msgstr "" "tomó únicamente un mes reunir veintiseis." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4193 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -10077,7 +10068,7 @@ msgstr "" "parte de ello.)5" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4202 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -10098,7 +10089,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacen, lo compran de manera separada de la versión digital." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4209 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many " "of the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -10114,7 +10105,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecas participantes, sino al mundo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4219 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -10139,7 +10130,7 @@ msgstr "" "descargados cerca de ochenta mil veces en 175 países." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4222 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." @@ -10148,7 +10139,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unlatched para monografías es un ganar-ganar-ganar." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4231 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -10171,7 +10162,7 @@ msgstr "" "y libros antiguos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4240 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -10192,37 +10183,37 @@ msgstr "" "al pasado pero moviendose al futuro, una evolución en vez de una revolución." #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4248 msgid "www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward\\_an\\_Open.pdf" msgstr "www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward\\_an\\_Open.pdf" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4248 msgid "www.oapen.org" msgstr "www.oapen.org" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4248 msgid "www.hathitrust.org" msgstr "www.hathitrust.org" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4248 msgid "collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/" msgstr "collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4248 msgid "www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/" msgstr "www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4250 msgid "## Lumen Learning" msgstr "## Lumen Learning" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." @@ -10232,27 +10223,27 @@ msgstr "" "los E.U.A." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4255 msgid "lumenlearning.com" msgstr "lumenlearning.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4257 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, grant funding" msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: cargos por servicios personalizados, subsidios" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4259 msgid "Interview date: December 21, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: Diciembre 21, 2015" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 21 de diciembre, 2015" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4262 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4261 msgid "Interviewees: David Wiley and Kim Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "Entrevistado: David Wiley y Kim Thanos, cofundadores" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4283 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -10296,7 +10287,7 @@ msgstr "" "cuando deciden crear Lumen Learning." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4292 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -10316,7 +10307,7 @@ msgstr "" "usualmente no hay mucha flexibilidad para hacerlo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4300 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -10334,7 +10325,7 @@ msgstr "" "sustentabilidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4306 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -10350,7 +10341,7 @@ msgstr "" "reorientación por otros." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4318 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -10377,13 +10368,13 @@ msgstr "" "—" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4327 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" "remplazar libros de texto costosos en cursos de gran matrícula con OER;" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4327 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" @@ -10393,7 +10384,7 @@ msgstr "" "sistema de gestión de aprendizaje de la institución;" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4327 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" @@ -10402,7 +10393,7 @@ msgstr "" "de aprobación, persistencia, y finalización de curso; y" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4327 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." @@ -10411,7 +10402,7 @@ msgstr "" "la investigación del éxito de los estudiantes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4333 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -10426,7 +10417,7 @@ msgstr "" "siguiendo los terminos de las licencias Creative Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4339 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -10441,7 +10432,7 @@ msgstr "" "dolares por estudiante suscrito para la institución." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4345 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -10456,7 +10447,7 @@ msgstr "" "matriculado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4352 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -10474,7 +10465,7 @@ msgstr "" "costosos con OER." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4367 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -10506,7 +10497,7 @@ msgstr "" "abierto, ha generado un inmenso bienestar en la comunidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4376 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -10528,7 +10519,7 @@ msgstr "" "aprendizaje, que las facultades revisan." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4386 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. " "The open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from " @@ -10551,7 +10542,7 @@ msgstr "" "da una licencia Attribution (CC BY)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4392 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -10567,7 +10558,7 @@ msgstr "" "mezclan diferentes OER juntos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4401 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -10588,7 +10579,7 @@ msgstr "" "se muestren al final de cada página." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4409 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -10605,7 +10596,7 @@ msgstr "" "equipo de ventas de Lumen." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4420 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -10629,7 +10620,7 @@ msgstr "" "a los que tendrían impacto en el mayor número de estudiantes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4429 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4428 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -10648,7 +10639,7 @@ msgstr "" "que logren las metas de la institución, mientras Lumen se conserva prospera." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4437 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -10667,7 +10658,7 @@ msgstr "" "la comunidad abierta." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4444 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -10684,7 +10675,7 @@ msgstr "" "sea justa o que den de regreso algo que sea generoso." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4453 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -10705,7 +10696,7 @@ msgstr "" "evolución y la mejora de los OER que estén usando." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4460 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -10722,7 +10713,7 @@ msgstr "" "sostenible y se esfuerza por un balance correcto de todos estos factores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4465 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -10735,7 +10726,7 @@ msgstr "" "que sea entendible y repetible." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4476 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4475 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -10757,7 +10748,7 @@ msgstr "" "el futuro, su estrategia es reemplazar el financiamiento con ingresos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4483 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -10776,17 +10767,17 @@ msgstr "" "que sostienes, y no alejarse de eso. Ciertamente es acerca de la confianza." #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4487 msgid "lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/" msgstr "lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4489 msgid "## Jonathan Mann" msgstr "## Jonathan Mann" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4492 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the “Song " "A Day” guy. Based in the U.S." @@ -10795,17 +10786,12 @@ msgstr "" "como el tipo de “Song A Day”. Vive en los E.U.A." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4495 -msgid "jonathanmann.net and" -msgstr "jonathanmann.net and" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4494 +msgid "jonathanmann.net and jonathanmann.bandcamp.com" +msgstr "jonathanmann.net y jonathanmann.bandcamp.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4497 -msgid "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com" -msgstr "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com" - -#. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4498 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging for custom services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for in-person version (speaking engagements " @@ -10816,12 +10802,12 @@ msgstr "" "persona (compromisos y presentaciones musicales)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4500 msgid "Interview date: February 22, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: Febrero 22, 2016" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 22 de febrero, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4512 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as “hustling”—seizing nearly " "every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income comes from " @@ -10844,7 +10830,7 @@ msgstr "" "[1] en México lo más parecido sería “milusos”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4521 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -10867,7 +10853,7 @@ msgstr "" "[2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNAFU" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4526 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful “hustling” is also about old-fashioned persistence. He " "is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song each day. He " @@ -10881,7 +10867,7 @@ msgstr "" "“una-canción-al-dia.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4534 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -10900,7 +10886,7 @@ msgstr "" "más de mirar videos enlinea que simplemente escuchar archivos de audio." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4548 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -10931,7 +10917,7 @@ msgstr "" "la canción por él." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4555 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -10952,7 +10938,7 @@ msgstr "" "laburo" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4562 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super simple " "to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a heartfelt, " @@ -10970,7 +10956,7 @@ msgstr "" "este libro." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4569 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -10986,7 +10972,7 @@ msgstr "" "pudiera ser compartido.\"" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4577 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -11006,7 +10992,7 @@ msgstr "" "principio del tiempo. Nuestro yo-yo, mio-mio cultural ha socavado eso.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4583 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -11021,7 +11007,7 @@ msgstr "" "hago nada de eso,” comentó Jonathan." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4591 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. “I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a really " @@ -11041,7 +11027,7 @@ msgstr "" "personalizadas a sus clientes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4601 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -11064,7 +11050,7 @@ msgstr "" "conceptos técnicos en algo entendible." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4615 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -11093,7 +11079,7 @@ msgstr "" "perderme en el proceso. ”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4621 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -11107,7 +11093,7 @@ msgstr "" "mismo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4631 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -11130,7 +11116,7 @@ msgstr "" "propio estilo único en vez de imitar a otros." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4638 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -11148,7 +11134,7 @@ msgstr "" "encarnación viviente de estos principios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4644 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -11163,7 +11149,7 @@ msgstr "" "la canción de mañana puede que sea mejor." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4651 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He " "is constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his " @@ -11179,7 +11165,7 @@ msgstr "" "que nunca se siente verdaderamente exitoso." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4655 msgid "" "“Success feels like it’s over,” he said. “To a certain extent, a creative " "person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied because then so much " @@ -11190,12 +11176,12 @@ msgstr "" "entonces mucho de lo que los impulsa se iría.\"" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4657 msgid "## Noun Project" msgstr "## Noun Project" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4661 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -11206,29 +11192,29 @@ msgstr "" "2010 en los E.U.A." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4663 msgid "thenounproject.com" msgstr "thenounproject.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4665 msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" "Modelo de ingresos: cargos de couta por transacción, cargos por servicios " "personalizados" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4667 msgid "Interview date: October 6, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: Octubre 6, 2015" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 6 de octubre, 2015" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4669 msgid "Interviewee: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "Entrevistado: Edward Boatman, cofundador" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4675 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -11239,7 +11225,7 @@ msgstr "" "las fronteras, lenguajes, y culturas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4682 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -11256,7 +11242,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el planeta." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4688 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -11272,7 +11258,7 @@ msgstr "" "similarers." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4695 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -11288,7 +11274,7 @@ msgstr "" "voluntarios alrededor del mundo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4703 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -11307,7 +11293,7 @@ msgstr "" "de que su idea tenía el potencial para ser algo más grande." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4709 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -11322,7 +11308,7 @@ msgstr "" "duros. Es fácil convencerlos de compartirlos finalmente con el mundo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4717 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -11340,7 +11326,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseñadores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4722 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -11353,7 +11339,7 @@ msgstr "" "construir un modelo de negocios alrededor del contenido libre." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4734 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -11379,7 +11365,7 @@ msgstr "" "créditos, pueden usar la CC0 para poner el trabajo en el dominio público." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4743 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -11400,7 +11386,7 @@ msgstr "" "ideas.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4749 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -11415,7 +11401,7 @@ msgstr "" "muy exitante para muchos diseñadores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4761 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost \\$1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added " @@ -11443,7 +11429,7 @@ msgstr "" "creadores, y bueno para la plataforma." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4772 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -11469,7 +11455,7 @@ msgstr "" "versión API Pro." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4776 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -11480,7 +11466,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseñador y 30 porciento para Noun Project." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4785 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -11502,7 +11488,7 @@ msgstr "" "proporcionando más servicios al usuario." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4790 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.2 They tend to over communicate with creators about it because " @@ -11513,7 +11499,7 @@ msgstr "" "acerca de eso porque construir confianza es la principal prioridad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4796 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -11527,7 +11513,7 @@ msgstr "" "cuentas; y el más exitoso de todos, suficiente para pagar la renta." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4808 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can use " "Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -11554,7 +11540,7 @@ msgstr "" "Lingo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4814 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -11569,7 +11555,7 @@ msgstr "" "visuales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4819 msgid "" "For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual language” " "is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their stated mission. It " @@ -11580,7 +11566,7 @@ msgstr "" "diferencia de otros que ofrecen gráficos, iconos o imágenes predefinidas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4829 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4826 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -11598,7 +11584,7 @@ msgstr "" "contribuyentes, es importante tener una misión más allá de hacer dinero." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4831 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -11611,7 +11597,7 @@ msgstr "" "dentro con una comunidad de usuarios y fans." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4839 msgid "" "Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community " "around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat for you " @@ -11630,7 +11616,7 @@ msgstr "" "alimentándola.\"" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4844 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -11643,7 +11629,7 @@ msgstr "" "pueden buscar los íconos por el nombre del creador." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4852 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.2 In partnership with a sponsoring organization, the Noun Project " @@ -11662,7 +11648,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC0 de tal manera que puedan ser usados por cualquiera gratuitamente." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4860 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -11682,7 +11668,7 @@ msgstr "" "esa meta." #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4866 msgid "" "www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-" "visual-sy/description" @@ -11691,22 +11677,22 @@ msgstr "" "visual-sy/description" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4866 msgid "thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/\\#getting\\_paid" msgstr "thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/\\#getting\\_paid" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4866 msgid "thenounproject.com/iconathon/" msgstr "thenounproject.com/iconathon/" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4868 msgid "## Open Data Institute" msgstr "## Open Data Institute" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4872 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -11717,12 +11703,12 @@ msgstr "" "datos. Fundada en 2012 en RU." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4874 msgid "theodi.org" msgstr "theodi.org" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4877 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant and government funding, charging for custom services, " "donations" @@ -11731,17 +11717,17 @@ msgstr "" "por servicios personalizados, donaciones" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4879 msgid "Interview date: November 11, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: Noviembre 11, 2015" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 11 de noviembre, 2015" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4881 msgid "Interviewee: Jeni Tennison, technical director" msgstr "Entrevistado: Jeni Tennison, director técnico" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4891 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -11761,7 +11747,7 @@ msgstr "" "a inovar con los datos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4901 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -11786,7 +11772,7 @@ msgstr "" "permitirles entender mejor qué es lo que esta pasando alrededor de ellos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4910 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4907 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -11802,7 +11788,7 @@ msgstr "" "quiere —" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4914 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" @@ -11811,25 +11797,25 @@ msgstr "" "políticas de datos abiertos afectan esto;" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4914 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" "desarrollar el caso del beneficio económico y el modelos de negocios para " "los datos abiertos;" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4914 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "ayudar a los negocios del RU a usar los datos abiertos; y" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4914 msgid "show how open data can improve public services.1" msgstr "" "mostrar cómo los datos abiertos pueden mejorar los servicios públicos.1" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4922 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -11848,7 +11834,7 @@ msgstr "" "ingresos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4928 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -11864,7 +11850,7 @@ msgstr "" "inversión de \\$4.75 millones de la Omidyar Network." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4934 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -11880,7 +11866,7 @@ msgstr "" "un staff de sesenta." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4941 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -11896,7 +11882,7 @@ msgstr "" "complementarios en respuesta a las necesidades del mercado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4944 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." @@ -11905,7 +11891,7 @@ msgstr "" "capacitación, y servicios de asesoría." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4958 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4955 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -11931,7 +11917,7 @@ msgstr "" "miembros son listados en su sitio web.)2" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4967 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -11957,7 +11943,7 @@ msgstr "" "como una forma de desarrollo profesional." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4975 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -11975,7 +11961,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiende a generar gran interés y compromiso." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4982 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -11991,7 +11977,7 @@ msgstr "" "temáticas principales y más de 750 asistentes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4989 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -12009,14 +11995,14 @@ msgstr "" "organizaciones comerciales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4992 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" "Del lado comercial, las siguiente proposiciones de valor parecen resonar:" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5007 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -12028,7 +12014,7 @@ msgstr "" "datos también. Los datos abiertos son un tópico candente." #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5007 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -12043,7 +12029,7 @@ msgstr "" "autonomía organizativa." #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5007 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -12057,7 +12043,7 @@ msgstr "" "y oportunidades." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5015 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -12075,7 +12061,7 @@ msgstr "" "crear “nodos” internacionales del ODI." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5025 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -12097,7 +12083,7 @@ msgstr "" "pequeña cuota por ser parte de la red y usar la marca." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5029 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -12109,7 +12095,7 @@ msgstr "" "oficinas.3" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5037 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -12127,7 +12113,7 @@ msgstr "" "construirla, no únicamente enlinea sino a través de eventos cara-a-cara." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5043 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -12143,7 +12129,7 @@ msgstr "" "usables, confiables, accesibles, descubribles, y que están soportados.4" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5048 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -12157,7 +12143,7 @@ msgstr "" "escala." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5056 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -12170,7 +12156,7 @@ msgstr "" "vez de crear “licencias abiertas” de su autoría." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5069 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -12205,7 +12191,7 @@ msgstr "" "dinero.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5073 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -12217,7 +12203,7 @@ msgstr "" "Abril de 2016:" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5085 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -12230,17 +12216,17 @@ msgstr "" "del ODI han generado desde su incorporación al programa ODI: £ 44.5 millones" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5085 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "Número total de miembros activos y nodos alrededor del mundo: 1,350" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5085 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "Ventas totales desde que comenzó el ODI: £7.44 millones" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5085 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" @@ -12249,12 +12235,12 @@ msgstr "" "en persona y enlinea: 2.2 millones" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5085 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "Total de certificados de Open Data creados: 151, 000" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5088 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5085 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: 5,0805" msgstr "" @@ -12262,7 +12248,7 @@ msgstr "" "comenzó: 50,805" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5094 msgid "" "e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-" "business-plan-may-release.pdf" @@ -12271,34 +12257,34 @@ msgstr "" "business-plan-may-release.pdf" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5094 msgid "directory.theodi.org/members" msgstr "directory.theodi.org/members" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5094 msgid "" "theodi.org/odi-startup-programme; theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe" msgstr "" "theodi.org/odi-startup-programme; theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5094 msgid "certificates.theodi.org" msgstr "certificates.theodi.org" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5094 msgid "dashboards.theodi.org/company/all" msgstr "dashboards.theodi.org/company/all" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5096 msgid "## OpenDesk" msgstr "## OpenDesk" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5100 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -12310,28 +12296,28 @@ msgstr "" "RU." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5102 msgid "www.opendesk.cc" msgstr "www.opendesk.cc" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5107 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7057 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7054 msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee" msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: cargos por una cuota de transacción" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5106 msgid "Interview date: November 4, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: Noviembre 4, 2015" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 4 de noviembre, 2015" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5108 msgid "Interviewees: Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "Entrevistados: Nick Ierodiaconou y Joni Steiner, cofundadores" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5115 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -12345,7 +12331,7 @@ msgstr "" "por un creador." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5133 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5130 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -12377,7 +12363,7 @@ msgstr "" "lucro y Opendesk en una campañía de lucro." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5136 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -12391,7 +12377,7 @@ msgstr "" "lejos del camino." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5146 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -12413,7 +12399,7 @@ msgstr "" "reinventar la rueda y decidieron usar las Creative Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5152 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -12428,7 +12414,7 @@ msgstr "" "Salir con un modelo de negocios iba a ser complejo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5156 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -12439,7 +12425,7 @@ msgstr "" "decisiones en el modelo de negocios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5162 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -12455,7 +12441,7 @@ msgstr "" "quieren ser." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5167 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -12468,7 +12454,7 @@ msgstr "" "magnífico trabajo perfilando a los diseñadores.1" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5172 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -12482,7 +12468,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencia Attributtion-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5181 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -12502,7 +12488,7 @@ msgstr "" "especificaciones en el archivo de diseño." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5189 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -12522,7 +12508,7 @@ msgstr "" "países alrededor del mundo.2" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5193 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -12533,7 +12519,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el sitio web de Opendesk:" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5196 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" @@ -12542,7 +12528,7 @@ msgstr "" "registrado, ellos pagan:" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5218 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -12553,7 +12539,7 @@ msgstr "" "extra por ensamblado cargado por el creador)" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5218 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" @@ -12562,7 +12548,7 @@ msgstr "" "al diseñador cada vez que su diseño es usado)" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5218 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -12573,7 +12559,7 @@ msgstr "" "contruir nuestro mercado)" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5218 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -12587,7 +12573,7 @@ msgstr "" "relevante)" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5218 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" @@ -12597,7 +12583,7 @@ msgstr "" "entrega externo asociado)" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5218 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -12610,20 +12596,20 @@ msgstr "" "sitio y los diseñadores podrían ofrecer opciones de diseño a la medida)" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5218 msgid "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)3" msgstr "" "impuestos por ventas locales (variable por la ubicación del cliente y el " "creador)3" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5220 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" "A continuación, se detallan cómo se crean las cotizaciones de los creadores:" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5229 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -12645,7 +12631,7 @@ msgstr "" "manufactura subyacentes y son típicamente prorrateado de la siguiente manera:" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5237 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" @@ -12655,27 +12641,27 @@ msgstr "" "ensamblado en sitio)" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5237 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota por diseño: 8 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5237 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota de plataforma: 12 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5237 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota de canal: 18 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5237 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "impuesto de venta: los aplicables (depende del producto y ubicación)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5242 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to Nick " "and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -12687,7 +12673,7 @@ msgstr "" "valor al diseñador." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5249 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -12702,7 +12688,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reino Unido. Actualmente Opendesk representa una gran parte de sus negocios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5257 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -12720,7 +12706,7 @@ msgstr "" "piezas funcionales y reproducibles." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5263 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as “open making”: " "“Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs and " @@ -12736,7 +12722,7 @@ msgstr "" "asequible para comprar productos personalizados.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5269 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -12752,7 +12738,7 @@ msgstr "" "usuales producidos en masa de una tienda." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5277 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the “open making” business model. They’re engaging thought " @@ -12772,7 +12758,7 @@ msgstr "" "gustaría ver que se usaran." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5283 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -12788,7 +12774,7 @@ msgstr "" "NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5286 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" @@ -12797,22 +12783,22 @@ msgstr "" "considera usos comerciales y no comerciales. Su sitio web declara:" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5288 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "Es inequívocamente uso comercial cuando alguien:" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5291 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "carga una cuota o tiene una ganancia cuando hace un Opendesk" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5291 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "vende (o tiene un servicio comercial basado en) un OpenDesk" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5295 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -12823,7 +12809,7 @@ msgstr "" "monetaria. Por ejemplo, estos califican como no comercial:" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5304 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" @@ -12833,7 +12819,7 @@ msgstr "" "mobiliario por sí mismo" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5304 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" @@ -12842,7 +12828,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativos o capacitación (y no intenta vender las piezas resultantes)" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5304 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" @@ -12857,7 +12843,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles para ti en los diferentes talleres que lo conforman" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5313 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -12878,7 +12864,7 @@ msgstr "" "genera Opendesk depende del “abierto,” no de la propiedad intelectual." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5319 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -12893,7 +12879,7 @@ msgstr "" "involucrados a través de Opendesk en trabajo generador de ingresos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5327 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5324 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -12905,32 +12891,32 @@ msgstr "" "ganan impulso y entonces tienen esperanza en las personas." #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5331 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/designers" msgstr "www.opendesk.cc/designers" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5331 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/" msgstr "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5331 msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join" msgstr "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5331 msgid "openmaking.is" msgstr "openmaking.is" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5333 msgid "## OpenStax" msgstr "## OpenStax" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5337 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -12941,12 +12927,12 @@ msgstr "" "demanda y cursos de posicionamiento avanzado. Fundado en 2012 en los EUA." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5339 msgid "www.openstaxcollege.org" msgstr "www.openstaxcollege.org" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5345 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5342 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant funding, charging for custom services, charging for " "physical copies (textbook sales)" @@ -12955,17 +12941,17 @@ msgstr "" "por copias físicas (ventas de libros de texto)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5344 msgid "Interview date: December 16, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: Diciembre 16,2015" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 16 de diciembre, 2015" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5349 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5346 msgid "Interviewee: David Harris, editor-in-chief" msgstr "Entrevistado: David Harris, Editor en Jefe" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5359 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -12989,7 +12975,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquier momento— sin costo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5368 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -13011,7 +12997,7 @@ msgstr "" "OpenStax College, ahora simplemente OpenStax." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5378 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -13035,7 +13021,7 @@ msgstr "" "fácil adopción por parte de los estudiantes y profesores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5387 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -13055,7 +13041,7 @@ msgstr "" "de ventas!" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5395 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -13073,7 +13059,7 @@ msgstr "" "acerca de estos libros de texto y que promuevan su uso." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5402 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -13089,7 +13075,7 @@ msgstr "" "adecúe a sus necesidades." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5407 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -13103,7 +13089,7 @@ msgstr "" "clave, y más." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5412 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -13118,7 +13104,7 @@ msgstr "" "sus libros de texto. 2" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5417 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -13131,7 +13117,7 @@ msgstr "" "red extensiva de asociados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5429 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5426 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -13152,7 +13138,7 @@ msgstr "" "inversión filantrópica." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5435 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -13173,7 +13159,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles a los alumnos por una cuota." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5443 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -13192,7 +13178,7 @@ msgstr "" "Introducción a la Sociología 2da Ed, usando estos fondos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5453 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -13214,7 +13200,7 @@ msgstr "" "fuerza de ventas; sus participantes estan afuera mostrando sus materiales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5459 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -13229,7 +13215,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir estos hallazgos con la comunidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5468 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -13250,7 +13236,7 @@ msgstr "" "corrientes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5479 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -13276,7 +13262,7 @@ msgstr "" "impresos es prácticamente del cien por ciento." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5486 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0? " "Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally funded " @@ -13294,7 +13280,7 @@ msgstr "" "que sea razonable." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5497 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -13318,7 +13304,7 @@ msgstr "" "cero, un buen ejemplo es su libro de biología." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5512 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -13352,7 +13338,7 @@ msgstr "" "muy laborioso." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5521 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -13372,7 +13358,7 @@ msgstr "" "por adelantado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5529 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation license.” " "It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their textbooks in " @@ -13390,7 +13376,7 @@ msgstr "" "profesore el control y libertad académica." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5538 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -13411,7 +13397,7 @@ msgstr "" "compromiso y toma ventaja de las ineficiencias del mercado tradicional." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5541 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" @@ -13421,29 +13407,29 @@ msgstr "" "de su reciente material para la prensa:" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5550 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "Libros publicados: 23" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5550 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "Estudiantes que han usado OpenStax: 1.6 millones" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5550 msgid "Money saved for students: \\$155 million" msgstr "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes: \\$ 155 millones" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5550 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: \\$77 million" msgstr "" "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes en el ciclo académico 2016-17: \\$77 " "millones" #. type: Bullet: '- ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5550 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -13456,7 +13442,7 @@ msgstr "" "años y universidades, y 344 colegios y universidades fuera de los E.U.A.)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5555 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -13470,7 +13456,7 @@ msgstr "" "internacional." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5561 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -13486,7 +13472,7 @@ msgstr "" "carrera de enfermería, por ejemplo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5571 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -13509,34 +13495,34 @@ msgstr "" "alcanzarla." #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5576 msgid "" "news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg" msgstr "" "news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5576 msgid "openstax.org/adopters" msgstr "openstax.org/adopters" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5578 msgid "## Amanda Palmer" msgstr "## Amanda Palmer" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5580 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "Amanda Palmer es música, artista, y escritora. Vive en los E.U.A." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5582 msgid "amandapalmer.net" msgstr "amandapalmer.net" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5586 msgid "" "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, " "charging for physical copies (book and album sales), charg-ing for in-person " @@ -13547,12 +13533,12 @@ msgstr "" "cobros para versiones en vivo (performances), venta de mercancia" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5588 msgid "Interview date: December 15, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: Diciembre 15, 2015" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 15 de diciembre, 2015" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5594 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new ways to " @@ -13563,7 +13549,7 @@ msgstr "" "nuevas vias de continuar su trabajo creativo. 1" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5600 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . . . in " @@ -13577,7 +13563,7 @@ msgstr "" "haciendolo.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5607 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -13595,7 +13581,7 @@ msgstr "" "seguir haciendo arte.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5619 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -13623,7 +13609,7 @@ msgstr "" "haciendo arte.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5628 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach “her crowd” " @@ -13643,7 +13629,7 @@ msgstr "" "lo que Amanda y the Dresden Dolls querían hacer." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5638 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -13665,7 +13651,7 @@ msgstr "" "kickstarter de todos los tiempos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5648 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -13686,7 +13672,7 @@ msgstr "" "costo bajo la licencia Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5663 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -13720,7 +13706,7 @@ msgstr "" "NonCommercial fueron como hechas a la medida." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5670 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -13736,7 +13722,7 @@ msgstr "" "disfrute de la música, » dijo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5678 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -13753,7 +13739,7 @@ msgstr "" "habían estado en mi cosina,» escribió Amanda en The Art of Asking." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5688 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -13776,7 +13762,7 @@ msgstr "" "mismo,» escribió Amanda." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5697 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -13796,7 +13782,7 @@ msgstr "" "después de un espectáculo, ellos pueden sentir legitimamente que la conocen." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5704 msgid "" "“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable " "and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the flaws and " @@ -13813,7 +13799,7 @@ msgstr "" "que el riesgo de hacerte vulnerable casi siempre vale la pena. »" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5712 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -13832,7 +13818,7 @@ msgstr "" "haces con los amigos—compartes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5720 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -13851,7 +13837,7 @@ msgstr "" "Personas que se sienten involucradas en su exito." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5727 msgid "" "“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, " "they become your allies, your family,” she wrote. There really is a feeling " @@ -13867,7 +13853,7 @@ msgstr "" "a su «pequeña familia rara.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5735 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. “I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of person " @@ -13886,7 +13872,7 @@ msgstr "" "en una forma que sea placentera para tí.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5746 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -13911,7 +13897,7 @@ msgstr "" "Comineza con el arte y entonces el nexo se fortalece con la conexión humana." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5754 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. “It sounds so corny,” she said, “but my experience in forty " @@ -13929,7 +13915,7 @@ msgstr "" "ellos.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5762 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -13948,7 +13934,7 @@ msgstr "" "a la gente a ayudarla, los deja hacer." #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5766 msgid "" "http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-" "uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/" @@ -13959,12 +13945,12 @@ msgstr "" "\\#44e20ce46d67" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5768 msgid "## PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "## PLOS (Biblioteca pública de ciencia)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5772 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -13975,31 +13961,31 @@ msgstr "" "y otra literatura científica. Fundada en el 2000 en los E.U.A." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5774 msgid "plos.org" msgstr "plos.org" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5777 msgid "" "Revenue model: charging content creators an author processing charge to be " "featured in the journal" msgstr "" -"modelo de ganacias: cobrar a los creadores de contenido un cargo por " +"Modelo de ingresos: cobrar a los creadores de contenido un cargo por " "procesamiento de autor para ser incluido en la revista" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5779 msgid "Interview date: March 7, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: Marzo 7, 2016" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 7 de marzo, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5781 msgid "Interviewee: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "Entrevistado: Louise Page, Editor" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5798 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5795 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -14028,7 +14014,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution (CC BY)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5805 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -14051,7 +14037,7 @@ msgstr "" "quieran leer la revista especializada o un artículo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5815 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -14075,7 +14061,7 @@ msgstr "" "la investigación y avance del campo. Era tiempo para un nuevo modelo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5828 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5825 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -14100,7 +14086,7 @@ msgstr "" "publicación." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5836 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -14125,7 +14111,7 @@ msgstr "" "logitud de palabras, figuras, u otros elementos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5844 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -14145,7 +14131,7 @@ msgstr "" "comenzó en 2006, son debajo de los \\$1,500." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5852 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5849 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -14157,7 +14143,7 @@ msgstr "" "procesamiento por artículo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5864 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -14191,7 +14177,7 @@ msgstr "" "su trabajo para publicación." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5871 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -14208,7 +14194,7 @@ msgstr "" "cómo debería ser publicado y difundido el contenido de investigación." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5878 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5875 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -14220,7 +14206,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibilidad de datos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5883 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -14239,7 +14225,7 @@ msgstr "" "opciones en donde publicar." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5888 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -14253,7 +14239,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluso cuando ellas son relativamente nuevas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5896 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -14271,7 +14257,7 @@ msgstr "" "generan más descubrimientos y citas a los autores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5903 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -14287,7 +14273,7 @@ msgstr "" "de acceso abierto inicial, o que cualquiera." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5924 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -14334,7 +14320,7 @@ msgstr "" "lo referente a la ciencia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5928 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -14346,7 +14332,7 @@ msgstr "" "cambiar la práctica actual." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5933 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -14360,7 +14346,7 @@ msgstr "" "más tiempo requerirá inevitablemente el tiempo de aprobación." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5943 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -14384,7 +14370,7 @@ msgstr "" "limitados al autor y la editorial." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5948 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -14398,7 +14384,7 @@ msgstr "" "de la investigación se reinventa alrededor del mundo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5963 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -14434,7 +14420,7 @@ msgstr "" "los investigadores no tienen mucho tiempo para comentar los preprints." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5971 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -14454,7 +14440,7 @@ msgstr "" "transformaciones." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5986 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5983 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -14481,7 +14467,7 @@ msgstr "" "lectores para comunicarse con los autores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5992 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -14501,7 +14487,7 @@ msgstr "" "experimentación." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6000 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -14521,7 +14507,7 @@ msgstr "" "135,000 articulos de calidad para su lectura sin costo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6004 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -14532,22 +14518,22 @@ msgstr "" "reproducible para el avance de la ciencia." #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6009 msgid "collections.plos.org" msgstr "collections.plos.org" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6009 msgid "plos.org/article-level-metrics" msgstr "plos.org/article-level-metrics" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6011 msgid "## Rijksmuseum" msgstr "## Rijksmuseum" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6014 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" @@ -14556,12 +14542,12 @@ msgstr "" "historia. Fundado en 1800 en Holanda (Países Bajos)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6016 msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl" msgstr "www.rijksmuseum.nl" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6020 msgid "" "Revenue model: grants and government funding, charging for in-person version " "(museum admission), selling merchandise" @@ -14570,12 +14556,12 @@ msgstr "" "entrada por persona (entrada al museo), venta de mercancía" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6022 msgid "Interview date: December 11, 2015" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 11 de diciembre, 2015" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6025 msgid "" "Interviewee: Lizzy Jongma, the data manager of the collections information " "department" @@ -14584,7 +14570,7 @@ msgstr "" "sobre Colecciones" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6041 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -14614,7 +14600,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo para el museo, más abierto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6056 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6053 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -14642,7 +14628,7 @@ msgstr "" "un catálogo de fichas de toda la colección en línea." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6061 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -14660,7 +14646,7 @@ msgstr "" "toda la colección en línea?" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6076 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6073 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.1 As an online portal to " @@ -14686,7 +14672,7 @@ msgstr "" "debería seguir el ejemplo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6084 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -14711,7 +14697,7 @@ msgstr "" "escolar." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6096 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -14739,7 +14725,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6106 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -14761,7 +14747,7 @@ msgstr "" "objetivo de eventualmente tener toda la colección en Internet." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6122 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6119 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -14789,7 +14775,7 @@ msgstr "" "que la gente quiere verla en la vida real visitando de hecho el museo real." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6126 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -14806,7 +14792,7 @@ msgstr "" "una forma de generar ingresos, incluso para el Rijksmuseum." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6138 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -14832,7 +14818,7 @@ msgstr "" "proviene la imagen y esto incrementa la visibilidad del Museo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6145 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -14849,7 +14835,7 @@ msgstr "" "pueden utilizar y hacer varias cosas con la colección del Rijksmuseum.2" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6154 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -14871,7 +14857,7 @@ msgstr "" "quieran, para fines privados o incluso comerciales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6159 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -14885,7 +14871,7 @@ msgstr "" "escolares." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6169 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -14907,7 +14893,7 @@ msgstr "" "público, pero dentro de los límites establecidos por los artistas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6179 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -14929,7 +14915,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"El cisne amenazado\".3" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6192 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.4 With the call to action Make " @@ -14959,7 +14945,7 @@ msgstr "" "internacional del Premio Rijksstudio comenzó en septiembre de 2016." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6196 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -14971,7 +14957,7 @@ msgstr "" "usuarios puedan interactuar más entre sí." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6203 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -14988,7 +14974,7 @@ msgstr "" "mil visitas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6214 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -15014,7 +15000,7 @@ msgstr "" "pintura." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6231 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came up " "with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things people " @@ -15050,23 +15036,23 @@ msgstr "" "generosidad hace que la gente esté feliz de acompañarte y ayudarte.\"" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6241 msgid "www.europeana.eu/portal/en" msgstr "www.europeana.eu/portal/en" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6241 msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio" msgstr "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6241 msgid "www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe" msgstr "" "www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6241 msgid "" "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award; the 2014 award: www.rijksmuseum.nl/" "en/rijksstudio-award-2014; the 2015 award: www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-" @@ -15077,7 +15063,7 @@ msgstr "" "rijksstudio-award-2015" #. type: Bullet: '5. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6241 msgid "" "www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/" "creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4" @@ -15086,12 +15072,12 @@ msgstr "" "creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6243 msgid "## Shareable" msgstr "## Shareable" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6246 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" @@ -15099,12 +15085,12 @@ msgstr "" "E.U.A." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6248 msgid "www.shareable.net" msgstr "www.shareable.net" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6251 msgid "" "Revenue model: grant funding, crowdfunding (project-based), donations, " "sponsorships" @@ -15113,17 +15099,17 @@ msgstr "" "proyectos), donaciones, patrocinios" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6253 msgid "Interview date: February 24, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: Febrero 24, 2016" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 24 de febrero, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6255 msgid "Interviewee: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder and executive editor" msgstr "Entrevistado: Neal Gorenflo, cofundador y editor ejecutivo" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6266 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -15146,7 +15132,7 @@ msgstr "" "principios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6276 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -15168,7 +15154,7 @@ msgstr "" "acerca del riesgo de morir mientras es absorbido por los «Borg».»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6283 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -15185,7 +15171,7 @@ msgstr "" "capaces de soportar las críticas que Airbnb y Uber estan teniendo ahora.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6292 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -15207,7 +15193,7 @@ msgstr "" "creciendo su audiencia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6302 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -15229,7 +15215,7 @@ msgstr "" "de recursos, aislamientos sociales, y calentamiento global." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6311 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. “We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes the " @@ -15251,7 +15237,7 @@ msgstr "" "lectores a realizar cambios en sus propias vidas y comunidades." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6323 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. “Particularly in content areas that are a " @@ -15279,7 +15265,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6335 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -15306,7 +15292,7 @@ msgstr "" "tienen audiencias más grandes que las nuestras.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6343 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -15326,7 +15312,7 @@ msgstr "" "web." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6348 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -15340,7 +15326,7 @@ msgstr "" "siguientes campañas de recaudación de fondos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6356 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -15360,7 +15346,7 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad representará mejor su visión del mundo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6366 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This " "is true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. “We " @@ -15383,7 +15369,7 @@ msgstr "" "también buscamos el bienestar del hogar y el corazón.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6375 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -15404,7 +15390,7 @@ msgstr "" "gente de su base existente." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6381 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -15418,7 +15404,7 @@ msgstr "" "recursos en construir relaciones entre sus lectores y seguidores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6395 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -15450,7 +15436,7 @@ msgstr "" "lleno de ideas para que las implemente su red." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6400 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-size-" @@ -15464,12 +15450,12 @@ msgstr "" "sus propias comunidades." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6402 msgid "## Siyavula" msgstr "## Siyavula" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6406 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -15479,27 +15465,27 @@ msgstr "" "integra experiencias de aprendizaje. Fundada en 2012 en Sudafrica." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6408 msgid "www.siyavula.com" msgstr "www.siyavula.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6410 msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, sponsorships" msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: cargos por servicios personalizados, patrocinios" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6412 msgid "Interview date: April 5, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: Abril 5, 2016" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 5 de abril, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6417 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6414 msgid "Interviewee: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "Entrevistado: Mark Horner, CEO" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6422 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -15515,7 +15501,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sudáfrica." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6427 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -15528,7 +15514,7 @@ msgstr "" "sobrevivir y prosperar. Mark dice que ha sido muy orgánico." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6434 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -15545,7 +15531,7 @@ msgstr "" "ponerlos disponibles libremente." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6442 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -15563,7 +15549,7 @@ msgstr "" "de matemáticas y ciencias físicas para los grados 10 al 12." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6449 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -15580,7 +15566,7 @@ msgstr "" "este logro." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6454 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -15594,7 +15580,7 @@ msgstr "" "necesidades." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6462 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -15613,7 +15599,7 @@ msgstr "" "volvió Siyavula." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6469 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -15629,7 +15615,7 @@ msgstr "" "mas allá de los seis libros iniciales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6482 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. " @@ -15657,7 +15643,7 @@ msgstr "" "esa manera estarían seguros para compartir y libres de repercusiones legales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6490 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -15675,7 +15661,7 @@ msgstr "" "libros de texto rara vez fueron editados." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6496 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -15689,7 +15675,7 @@ msgstr "" "un fellow de Shuttleworth." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6503 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They tried " "creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -15707,7 +15693,7 @@ msgstr "" "funcionaron realmente." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6510 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -15723,7 +15709,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativos abiertos, vieron esto como una gran oportunidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6518 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -15741,7 +15727,7 @@ msgstr "" "dispositivo—computadora, tableta, o teléfono móvil." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6529 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -15766,7 +15752,7 @@ msgstr "" "dentro de los libros de texto abiertos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6534 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -15779,7 +15765,7 @@ msgstr "" "dirigido únicamente a la parte más alta del mercado." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6542 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -15797,7 +15783,7 @@ msgstr "" "involuntariamente se volvió los estudiantes de bajos ingresos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6550 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -15816,7 +15802,7 @@ msgstr "" "atendiendo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6557 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -15834,7 +15820,7 @@ msgstr "" "mercado, cuál es el precio, y que barreras para acceder hay." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6562 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -15847,7 +15833,7 @@ msgstr "" "servicio relacionado y convertir algunas personas en clientes de pago." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6569 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -15864,7 +15850,7 @@ msgstr "" "quienes cobran una y otra vez por el mismo contenido sin agregar valor." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6582 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6579 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -15887,7 +15873,7 @@ msgstr "" "se suscriben." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6587 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -15905,7 +15891,7 @@ msgstr "" "desempeño." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6593 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -15921,7 +15907,7 @@ msgstr "" "para los grados 4 al 6 y depués para los grados 7 al 9." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6599 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -15936,7 +15922,7 @@ msgstr "" "con una guía de maestro y otros recursos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6607 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -15956,7 +15942,7 @@ msgstr "" "sería visible en lobros distribuidos a más de un millon de estudiantes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6614 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -15973,7 +15959,7 @@ msgstr "" "(CC BY), permitiendo a otros modificar y redistribuir los libros." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6623 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -15994,7 +15980,7 @@ msgstr "" "menor en el país. Pero después de una larga negociación, el gobierno se negó." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6631 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -16014,7 +16000,7 @@ msgstr "" "independientes del gobierno." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6638 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -16030,7 +16016,7 @@ msgstr "" "potenciales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6647 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -16051,7 +16037,7 @@ msgstr "" "siendo el modelo que usa Siyavula actualmente." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6652 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -16065,7 +16051,7 @@ msgstr "" "conflictiva y está en el limbo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6659 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. " "These include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over " @@ -16081,7 +16067,7 @@ msgstr "" "Intelligent Practice recolecta." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6672 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -16109,32 +16095,32 @@ msgstr "" "ambos, él y la compañía son más fuertes por eso." #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6679 msgid "www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl" msgstr "www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6679 msgid "www.capetowndeclaration.org" msgstr "www.capetowndeclaration.org" #. type: Bullet: '3. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6679 msgid "cnx.org" msgstr "cnx.org" #. type: Bullet: '4. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6679 msgid "www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html" msgstr "www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6684 -msgid "## Sparkfun" -msgstr "## Sparkfun" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6681 +msgid "## SparkFun" +msgstr "## SparkFun" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6684 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -16143,29 +16129,29 @@ msgstr "" "hardware abierto. Fundada en 2003 en Estados Unidos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6686 msgid "www.sparkfun.com" msgstr "www.sparkfun.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6688 msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" "Modelo de ingresos: cobrar por copias físicas (ventas de componentes " "electrónicos)" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6690 msgid "Interview date: February 29, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: 29 de febrero de 2016" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 29 de febrero, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6692 msgid "Interviewee: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "Entrevistado: Nathan Seidle, fundador" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6700 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -16180,7 +16166,7 @@ msgstr "" "hecha por alguien más. Su reacción fue de júbilo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6705 msgid "" "“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan said. " "“I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we were never " @@ -16193,7 +16179,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el mundo.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6713 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -16211,7 +16197,7 @@ msgstr "" "por su cuenta. Ser copiados es parte del diseño." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6721 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our " "natural human instinct to share,” he said. But he also strongly believes it " @@ -16229,7 +16215,7 @@ msgstr "" "como propiedad intelectual." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6725 msgid "" "“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your territory " "with intellectual property allows you to get comfy and rest on your laurels. " @@ -16240,7 +16226,7 @@ msgstr "" "laureles. Da una red de seguridad. Nosotros quitamos esa red de seguridad.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6733 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. “Our products are so much better than they were five years " @@ -16259,7 +16245,7 @@ msgstr "" "nosotros, es mejor para los clientes.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6744 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6741 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -16278,7 +16264,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nathan. «Esto es con lo que deberían competir.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6750 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -16299,7 +16285,7 @@ msgstr "" "graduarse, empezó a hacer y vender sus propios productos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6757 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -16317,7 +16303,7 @@ msgstr "" "para los productos que crean." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6764 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned \\$33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -16334,7 +16320,7 @@ msgstr "" "para producir placas para revender usando la marca de Arduino." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6771 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -16350,7 +16336,7 @@ msgstr "" "tecnología es una extensión natural de su negocio central." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6775 msgid "" "“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,” Nathan said. “Our goal is to affect the lives of three " @@ -16361,7 +16347,7 @@ msgstr "" "trescientos y cincuenta mil estudiantes de colegio para el 2020.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6784 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -16382,7 +16368,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponible bajo los mismo términos de licenciamiento." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6793 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -16402,7 +16388,7 @@ msgstr "" "competencia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6807 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6804 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -16428,7 +16414,7 @@ msgstr "" "lo hace más significativo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6815 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6812 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -16447,7 +16433,7 @@ msgstr "" "porque no se enfocan de forma singular en el resultado final." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6818 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -16462,7 +16448,7 @@ msgstr "" "que vienen a su sitio no solo encuentren contenido sin cambios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6828 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -16484,7 +16470,7 @@ msgstr "" "identifican puntos débiles, y nosotros diseñamos algo para solucionarlos.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6836 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -16504,7 +16490,7 @@ msgstr "" "dijo Nathan. «Eso no es realmente cierto.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6844 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -16523,7 +16509,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseños,» dijo Nathan." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6856 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -16549,12 +16535,12 @@ msgstr "" "propusieron ser." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6858 msgid "## TeachAIDS" msgstr "## TeachAIDS" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6862 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U.S." @@ -16564,28 +16550,28 @@ msgstr "" "SIDA. Fundada en 2005 en los E.U.A." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6867 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6864 msgid "teachaids.org" msgstr "teachaids.org" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6866 msgid "Revenue model: sponsorships" msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: patrocinios" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6868 msgid "Interview date: March 24, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: Marzo 24, 2016" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 24 de marzo, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6870 msgid "Interviewees: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" "Entrevistados: Piyar Sorcar, el CEO, y Shuman Ghosemajumder, el presidente" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6877 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -16598,7 +16584,7 @@ msgstr "" "los materiales educativos que distribuye TeachAIDS." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6888 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -16624,7 +16610,7 @@ msgstr "" "disposición bajo una licencia Creative Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6906 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -16664,7 +16650,7 @@ msgstr "" "únicamente pedazos de información." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6916 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -16687,7 +16673,7 @@ msgstr "" "creación una educación eficaz, culturalmente apropiada,\" Piya comentó." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6920 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -16699,7 +16685,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons en los materiales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6933 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -16727,7 +16713,7 @@ msgstr "" "preservando nuestro contenido y protegiéndonos al mismo tiempo.\"" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6940 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -16744,7 +16730,7 @@ msgstr "" "investigación impulsa todo lo que hacemos.\"" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6947 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -16761,7 +16747,7 @@ msgstr "" "para cada versión adaptada de los materiales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6960 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -16789,7 +16775,7 @@ msgstr "" "la información de alguien del mismo genero." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6974 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -16819,7 +16805,7 @@ msgstr "" "once veces." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6991 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -16856,7 +16842,7 @@ msgstr "" "y que funcionen.\"" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7002 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -16883,7 +16869,7 @@ msgstr "" "completamente gratuito.\"" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7014 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7011 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -16905,7 +16891,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativo. Todo el contenido permanece con la marca de TeachAIDS." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7019 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -16925,7 +16911,7 @@ msgstr "" "comentó Shuman." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7030 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,” Piya said. " @@ -16952,7 +16938,7 @@ msgstr "" "venir." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7037 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -16970,7 +16956,7 @@ msgstr "" "estas iniciativas." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7044 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -16988,12 +16974,12 @@ msgstr "" "comentó Piya." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7046 msgid "## Tribe of Noise" msgstr "## Tribe of Noise" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7050 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -17004,22 +16990,22 @@ msgstr "" "fundada en 2008 en los Países Bajos (Holanda)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7052 msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com" msgstr "www.tribeofnoise.com" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7056 msgid "Interview date: January 26, 2016" msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 26 de enero, 2016" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7061 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7058 msgid "Interviewee: Hessel van Oorschot, cofounder" msgstr "Entrevistado: Hessel van Oorschot, cofundador" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7068 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -17037,7 +17023,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluyendo el uso de software de fuentes abiertas y Creative Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7076 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -17057,7 +17043,7 @@ msgstr "" "suficientemente fácil de encontrar." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7084 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -17077,7 +17063,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sandra se decidieron a construir una plataforma." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7090 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -17093,7 +17079,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocio musicales requiere de una relación de confianza." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7097 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -17109,7 +17095,7 @@ msgstr "" "personalmente para encontrar dicha música." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7105 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -17130,7 +17116,7 @@ msgstr "" "músicos de Tribe of Noise.1" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7123 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -17169,7 +17155,7 @@ msgstr "" "”Seguimos luchando por una buena causa todos los días.”" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7134 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -17196,7 +17182,7 @@ msgstr "" "Estados Unidos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7141 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -17212,7 +17198,7 @@ msgstr "" "es como presentan el ejemplo en su sitio Web:" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7150 msgid "" "A few of your songs \\[licensed with CC BY-SA\\], for example five in total, " "are selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -17234,7 +17220,7 @@ msgstr "" "\\*0.425 \\* 0.142 = US\\$73 por mes.2" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7159 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -17254,7 +17240,7 @@ msgstr "" "impediría volverse ricos por las ventas de dicha canción." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7168 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -17276,7 +17262,7 @@ msgstr "" "en un posible mejor acuerdo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7175 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -17293,7 +17279,7 @@ msgstr "" "limpios." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7180 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -17306,7 +17292,7 @@ msgstr "" "repertorio musical que el área comunitaria." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7187 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -17322,7 +17308,7 @@ msgstr "" "explorar otros modelos como el de Tribe of Noise Pro." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7196 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -17344,7 +17330,7 @@ msgstr "" "la plataforma que genuinamente se involucran con ellos." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7207 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7204 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -17363,7 +17349,7 @@ msgstr "" "necesidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7215 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -17388,7 +17374,7 @@ msgstr "" "ASCAP o BMI." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7230 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -17420,7 +17406,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin tener que enfrentar batallas legales." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7239 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -17442,22 +17428,22 @@ msgstr "" "basado en la confianza." #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7244 msgid "www.instoremusicservice.com" msgstr "www.instoremusicservice.com" #. type: Bullet: '2. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7244 msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com/info\\_instoremusic.php" msgstr "www.tribeofnoise.com/info\\_instoremusic.php" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7246 msgid "## Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "## Wikimedia Foundation" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7249 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -17466,22 +17452,22 @@ msgstr "" "Wikipedia y sus proyectos hermanos. Fundada en 2003 en los E.U.A." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7251 msgid "wikimediafoundation.org" msgstr "wikimediafoundation.org" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7253 msgid "Revenue model: donations" msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: donaciones" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7255 msgid "Interview date: December 18, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: Diciembre 18,2015" +msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 18 de diciembre, 2015" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7258 msgid "" "Interviewees: Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community Engagement, and " "Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" @@ -17490,12 +17476,12 @@ msgstr "" "LaPorte, asesor legal" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7262 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "Casi cualquier persona con una presencia enlinea conoce la Wikipedia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7268 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -17510,7 +17496,7 @@ msgstr "" "permite a las personas reusarlo y adaptarlo para cualquier propósito." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7272 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -17521,7 +17507,7 @@ msgstr "" "el artículo de la Wikipedia acerca de la Wikipedia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7287 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7284 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -17549,7 +17535,7 @@ msgstr "" "no estan conectados con alguna organización en partícular." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7289 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, “There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.” While it " @@ -17563,7 +17549,7 @@ msgstr "" "humana." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7296 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -17580,7 +17566,7 @@ msgstr "" "simplemente todo ocurre a una escala sin precedentes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7306 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -17604,7 +17590,7 @@ msgstr "" "hechas cada hora." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7326 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -17647,7 +17633,7 @@ msgstr "" "Wikimedia." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7339 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -17676,7 +17662,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiempo, la gente quiere hacer lo correcto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7350 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -17700,7 +17686,7 @@ msgstr "" "siempre lo mejor para todos.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7366 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -17735,7 +17721,7 @@ msgstr "" "contribuyentes.»" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7374 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -17754,7 +17740,7 @@ msgstr "" "\\$77 millones de más de cinco millones de donadores." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7383 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -17774,7 +17760,7 @@ msgstr "" "retornen. Cada poco ayuda. Con las suficientes miradas, ellos estan bien." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7391 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -17793,7 +17779,7 @@ msgstr "" "que hace la fundación." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7396 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -17806,7 +17792,7 @@ msgstr "" "lectores. Tambien infunde confianza en su comunidad." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7401 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -17819,7 +17805,7 @@ msgstr "" "motivar un movimiento entero,» Stephen nos comentó." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7407 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. “The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, but it " @@ -17833,17 +17819,17 @@ msgstr "" "público abierto.»" #. type: Bullet: '1. ' -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7411 msgid "gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/" msgstr "gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7413 msgid "## Bibliography" msgstr "## Bibliografía" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7418 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -17854,7 +17840,7 @@ msgstr "" "from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7422 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." @@ -17864,12 +17850,12 @@ msgstr "" "2010." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7424 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7427 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." @@ -17878,7 +17864,7 @@ msgstr "" "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7430 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." @@ -17887,7 +17873,7 @@ msgstr "" "2012." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7435 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. www.benkler." @@ -17898,7 +17884,7 @@ msgstr "" "org/Benkler\\_Wealth\\_Of\\_Networks.pdf (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7440 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. www.slideshare.net/WithoutModel/open-" @@ -17909,7 +17895,7 @@ msgstr "" "models-book-64463892 (licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7445 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -17922,7 +17908,7 @@ msgstr "" "paradigm/." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7448 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -17931,7 +17917,7 @@ msgstr "" "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7456 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -17948,7 +17934,7 @@ msgstr "" "bollier.org/blog/democratic-money-and-capital-commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7459 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." @@ -17957,7 +17943,7 @@ msgstr "" "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7462 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." @@ -17966,7 +17952,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7465 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." @@ -17975,12 +17961,12 @@ msgstr "" "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7467 msgid "www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7471 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." @@ -17989,7 +17975,7 @@ msgstr "" "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7474 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." @@ -17998,7 +17984,7 @@ msgstr "" "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7477 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." @@ -18007,7 +17993,7 @@ msgstr "" "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7483 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -18024,7 +18010,7 @@ msgstr "" "of-urban-commons1.pdf." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7487 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " "Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -18035,7 +18021,7 @@ msgstr "" "Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7490 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/." @@ -18044,7 +18030,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7493 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." @@ -18053,7 +18039,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7497 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " "at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. hbr.org/2015/01/the-" @@ -18064,7 +18050,7 @@ msgstr "" "sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7502 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -18077,7 +18063,7 @@ msgstr "" "under CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7505 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." @@ -18086,7 +18072,7 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Portfolio, 2014." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7508 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a Post-" "Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge." @@ -18095,7 +18081,7 @@ msgstr "" "Carbon Economy.” Cap. 11 en Elliott y Hepting, Free Knowledge." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7512 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit " "Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009. ssir.org/" @@ -18106,7 +18092,7 @@ msgstr "" "articles/entry/ten\\_nonprofit\\_funding\\_models." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7515 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." @@ -18115,7 +18101,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2012." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7519 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." @@ -18124,7 +18110,7 @@ msgstr "" "Governing Knowledge Commons. Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2014." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7523 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -18135,7 +18121,7 @@ msgstr "" "Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7526 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." @@ -18144,7 +18130,7 @@ msgstr "" "con nuevo epílogo. New York: Portfolio, 2012." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7529 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New York: " "Viking, 2013." @@ -18153,7 +18139,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Viking, 2013." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7532 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." @@ -18162,7 +18148,7 @@ msgstr "" "and the Commons. Nueva York: Zed Books, 2014." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7536 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." @@ -18171,7 +18157,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7539 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." @@ -18180,7 +18166,7 @@ msgstr "" "Doubleday Canada, 2014." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7542 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." @@ -18189,7 +18175,7 @@ msgstr "" "Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2010." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7545 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." @@ -18198,7 +18184,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books. Nueva York: Vintage Books, 2007." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7548 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." @@ -18207,7 +18193,7 @@ msgstr "" "within Us All. Nueva York: Crown, 2013." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7554 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7551 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" @@ -18216,12 +18202,12 @@ msgstr "" "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7553 msgid "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7556 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." @@ -18230,7 +18216,7 @@ msgstr "" "Discovered. Nueva York: Workman, 2014." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7559 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." @@ -18239,7 +18225,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Workman, 2012." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7562 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." @@ -18248,7 +18234,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Morgan James, 2016." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7565 msgid "" "Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” " "BBC News, March 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680" @@ -18257,7 +18243,7 @@ msgstr "" "BBC News, Marzo 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7568 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." @@ -18266,7 +18252,7 @@ msgstr "" "Economy. Nueva York: Penguin Press, 2008." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7571 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -18275,7 +18261,7 @@ msgstr "" "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7574 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." @@ -18284,7 +18270,7 @@ msgstr "" "Straus y Giroux, 2015." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7578 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -18295,7 +18281,7 @@ msgstr "" "2011. www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7582 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at strategyzer." @@ -18306,7 +18292,7 @@ msgstr "" "strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7586 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -18317,7 +18303,7 @@ msgstr "" "libro está disponible en strategyzer.com/books/value-proposition-design." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7589 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." @@ -18326,7 +18312,7 @@ msgstr "" "People Help. Nueva York: Grand Central, 2014." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7595 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -18341,7 +18327,7 @@ msgstr "" "BY-SA)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7600 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. www.academia.edu/27143172/The" @@ -18352,7 +18338,7 @@ msgstr "" "\\_City\\_as\\_Commons\\_a\\_Policy\\_Reader (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7605 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -18365,7 +18351,7 @@ msgstr "" "cathedral-bazaar/." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7609 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -18376,7 +18362,7 @@ msgstr "" "Business, 2011." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7613 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -18387,14 +18373,14 @@ msgstr "" "Macmillan, 2014." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7615 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7618 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." @@ -18403,7 +18389,7 @@ msgstr "" "Enemy of Prosperity. Nueva York: Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7621 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." @@ -18412,7 +18398,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2012." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7624 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." @@ -18421,7 +18407,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborators. Londres, Inglaterra: Penguin Books, 2010." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7627 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." @@ -18430,7 +18416,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books, 2015." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7630 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." @@ -18439,7 +18425,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7633 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." @@ -18448,7 +18434,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ikigai Press, 2015." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7636 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." @@ -18457,7 +18443,7 @@ msgstr "" "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7639 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." @@ -18466,13 +18452,13 @@ msgstr "" "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7641 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7645 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -18483,7 +18469,7 @@ msgstr "" "Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7648 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." @@ -18492,7 +18478,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reiter. Nueva York: Simon y Schuster, 2006." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7651 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." @@ -18501,7 +18487,7 @@ msgstr "" "University of Chicago Press, 2015." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7657 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -18516,7 +18502,7 @@ msgstr "" "bajo CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7661 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. society30.com/" @@ -18527,7 +18513,7 @@ msgstr "" "get-the-book/ (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7664 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. web." "mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." @@ -18536,7 +18522,7 @@ msgstr "" "mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7667 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." @@ -18545,12 +18531,12 @@ msgstr "" "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7669 msgid "## Acknowledgments" msgstr "## Agradecimientos" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7675 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -18565,7 +18551,7 @@ msgstr "" "inicial que nos permitió empezar este proyecto." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7679 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -18576,7 +18562,7 @@ msgstr "" "los comunes tengan vida. Gracias por la inspiración." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7685 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -18592,7 +18578,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7690 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -18606,7 +18592,7 @@ msgstr "" "invaluable. Gracias de todo corazón a todos ustedes." #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7740 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7737 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -18699,7 +18685,7 @@ msgstr "" "Xavier Antoviaque, Yancey Strickler" #. type: Plain text -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8090 #, fuzzy msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " @@ -19172,6 +19158,21 @@ msgstr "" "Jane Finette, jane Lofton, Jane Mason, Jane Park, Janos Kovacs, Jasmina " "Bricic, Jason Blasso, Jason Chu" +#~ msgid "Made with Creative Commons" +#~ msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons" + +#~ msgid "Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#~ msgstr "Paul Stacey y Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" + +#~ msgid "- David Foster Wallace" +#~ msgstr "- David Foster Wallace" + +#~ msgid "#### Notes" +#~ msgstr "#### Notas" + +#~ msgid "jonathanmann.net and" +#~ msgstr "jonathanmann.net and" + #~ msgid "# Part 1" #~ msgstr "# Parte 1"