X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-madewithcc.git/blobdiff_plain/cff0a0dec316d3b57a3553d22a0bbae783272cc4..c86b5268556d8664e24286da4adb4fc433e44b2c:/po/es/mwcc.po diff --git a/po/es/mwcc.po b/po/es/mwcc.po index 18beee7..ba2338c 100644 --- a/po/es/mwcc.po +++ b/po/es/mwcc.po @@ -1,22 +1,22 @@ --# MADE WITH CREATIVE COMMONS --# Copyright (C) 2017 by Creative Commons. +# MADE WITH CREATIVE COMMONS +# Copyright (C) 2017 by Creative Commons. # This file is published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-SA), version 4.0 # Authors: Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson # msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-02-06 08:32+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-02-14 06:39+0000\n" -"Last-Translator: Allan Nordhøy \n" -"Language-Team: Spanish " -"\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-09-07 06:21+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-09-07 00:18+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Gunnar Wolf \n" +"Language-Team: Spanish \n" "Language: es\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n != 1;\n" -"X-Generator: Weblate 2.19-dev\n" +"X-Generator: Weblate 3.2-dev\n" "X-Poedit-Bookmarks: -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,46\n" #. type: Attribute 'lang' of: @@ -25,96 +25,76 @@ msgid "en" msgstr "es" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " -#| "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " -#| "purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit, " -#| "provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you " -#| "remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your " -#| "contributions under the same license as the original. License details: " -#| "creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/" -msgid "" -"This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " -"copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " -"purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit, provide " -"a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you remix, " -"transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your " -"contributions under the same license as the original. License details: " -"" -msgstr "" -"Este libro se publica bajo una licencia CC BY-SA, lo cual significa que " -"usted puede copiarlo, redistribuirlo, remezclarlo, transformarlo, y " -"construir sobre su contenido para cualquier propósito, incluso comercial, " -"mientras dé el crédito apropiado, provea un enlace a la licencia, e indique " -"si se realizaron cambios. Si remezcla, transforma, o construye sobre el " -"material, debe distribuir sus contribuciones bajo el mismo licenciamiento " -"que el material original. Detalles de licenciamiento: creativecommons.org/" -"licenses/by-sa/4.0/" - -#. type: Content of:
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:24 -msgid "" -" Mexico City\n" -" " -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:17 -msgid "" -" 2017 Creative Commons " -" Gunnar Wolf " -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:27 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><firstname> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:30 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8 msgid "Paul" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Paul" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><surname> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:31 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Paul Stacey" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9 msgid "Stacey" -msgstr "Paul Stacey" +msgstr "Stacey" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><firstname> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:34 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:12 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff" -msgstr "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" +msgstr "Sarah Hinchliff" #. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><surname> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:35 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:13 msgid "Pearson" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Pearson" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><copyright> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:17 +msgid "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>" +msgstr "<year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder>" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:21 +msgid "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>" +msgstr "<publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername>" + +#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher><address><city> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:23 +msgid "Mexico City" +msgstr "Mexico City" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 -msgid "Made With Creative Commons" -msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:28 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 +msgid "" +"This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " +"copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " +"purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit, provide " +"a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you remix, " +"transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your " +"contributions under the same license as the original. License details: " +"<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>" +msgstr "" +"Este libro se publica bajo una licencia CC BY-SA, lo cual significa que " +"usted puede copiarlo, redistribuirlo, remezclarlo, transformarlo, y " +"construir sobre su contenido para cualquier propósito, incluso comercial, " +"mientras dé el crédito apropiado, provea un enlace a la licencia, e indique " +"si se realizaron cambios. Si remezcla, transforma, o construye sobre el " +"material, debe distribuir sus contribuciones bajo el mismo licenciamiento " +"que el material original. Detalles de licenciamiento: <ulink url=\"http://" +"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "por Paul Stacey y Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "© 2017, by Creative Commons." msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation." -msgstr "© 2017, Creative Commons." +msgstr "© 2017, por la Creative Commons Foundation." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44 @@ -131,36 +111,34 @@ msgid "" "ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED " "(Paperback)" msgstr "" +"ISBN: POR-SER-DECIDIDO (PDF), POR-SER-DECIDIDO (ePub), POR-SER-DECIDIDO " +"(Edición de papel)" #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, bryanmathers.com" msgid "" -"Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmathers.com/\"/>" -msgstr "Ilustraciones por Bryan Mathers, bryanmathers.com" +"Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." +msgstr "" +"Ilustraciones por Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmmathers.com/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:49 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Publisher:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:50 msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf." -msgstr "Editor:" +msgstr "Editor: Gunnar Wolf." +#. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:51 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 msgid " " -msgstr "" +msgstr " Translated by Gunnar Wolf, etc, etc. " #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Downloadable e-book available at madewith.cc" -msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>" -msgstr "Libro descargable disponible en madewith.cc" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 +msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." +msgstr "Libro descargable disponible en <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 msgid "" "Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " "Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " @@ -170,16 +148,66 @@ msgstr "" "Commons y los patrocinadores de nuestra campaña de financiamiento en la " "plataforma Kickstarter.com." +#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +msgid "" +"This edition of the book is maintained on <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" +"gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, and the translations are maintained on <ulink " +"url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. If you find any " +"error in the book, please let us know via gitlab." +msgstr "" +"Esta edición del libro se mantiene en <ulink url=\"https://gitlab.com/" +"gunnarwolf/madewithcc-es/\"/>, y sus traducciones se coordinan en <ulink " +"url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/\"/>. Si encuentra " +"cualquier error en el libro, por favor háganoslo saber mediante Gitlab." + +#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +msgid "Classifications:" +msgstr "Clasificaciones:" + +#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 +msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" + +#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 +msgid "(UDK) ?" +msgstr "(UDK) ?" + +#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" +msgstr "(Biblioteca del Congreso de EUA) Z286 O63 S73 2017" + +#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" +msgstr "(Melvil) 025.523" + +#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 +msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" +msgstr "(ACM CRCS) ?" + #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94 #, fuzzy -msgid "" -"“I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " -"think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like " -"this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also reasonably " -"average pay far closer attention and think at far more length about all " -"sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our daily " -"lives.”" +#| msgid "" +#| "“I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " +#| "think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays " +#| "like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also " +#| "reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more length " +#| "about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in " +#| "our daily lives.”" +msgid "" +"<quote>I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way " +"that I think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . " +"essays like this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also " +"reasonably average pay far closer attention and think at far more length " +"about all sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our " +"daily lives.</quote>" msgstr "" "“No se mucho de periodismo no ficticio... La forma en que pienso acerca de " "estas cosas, en términos de lo que puedo hacer es que... Ensayos como este " @@ -189,26 +217,34 @@ msgstr "" "lo que tenemos la oportunidad de hacer en nuestras vidas diarias.”" #. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:77 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "- David Foster Wallace" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:103 msgid "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>" -msgstr "- David Foster Wallace" +msgstr "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:82 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:108 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "Prefacio" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:110 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " +#| "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one " +#| "of CC’s most well-known proponents—one who has also had a successful " +#| "career as a writer who shares his work using CC—I told him I thought CC " +#| "had a role in defining and advancing open business models. He kindly " +#| "disagreed, and called the pursuit of viable business models through CC “a " +#| "red herring.”" msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of " "CC’s most well-known proponents—one who has also had a successful career as " "a writer who shares his work using CC—I told him I thought CC had a role in " "defining and advancing open business models. He kindly disagreed, and called " -"the pursuit of viable business models through CC “a red herring.”" +"the pursuit of viable business models through CC <quote>a red herring.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" "Hace tres años, justo después de haber sido contratado como CEO de Creative " "Commons, me encontré con Cory Doctorow en el bar del Hotel Gladstone, en " @@ -220,13 +256,20 @@ msgstr "" "humo.”" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:119 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " +#| "Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: " +#| "“Regardless of legal status, they all have a social mission. Their " +#| "primary reason for being is to make the world a better place, not to " +#| "profit. Money is a means to a social end, not the end itself.”" msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " "Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: " -"“Regardless of legal status, they all have a social mission. Their primary " -"reason for being is to make the world a better place, not to profit. Money " -"is a means to a social end, not the end itself.”" +"<quote>Regardless of legal status, they all have a social mission. Their " +"primary reason for being is to make the world a better place, not to profit. " +"Money is a means to a social end, not the end itself.</quote>" msgstr "" "Tenía, de cierto modo, toda la razón —Quienes hacen cosas con Creative " "Commons tienen motivos ulteriores, como lo explica Paul Stacey en su libro: " @@ -235,13 +278,20 @@ msgstr "" "dinero es un medio para un fin social, no el fin mismo.”" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:127 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites " +#| "Cory’s words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: “Entering " +#| "the arts because you want to get rich is like buying lottery tickets " +#| "because you want to get rich. It might work, but it almost certainly " +#| "won’t. Though, of course, someone always wins the lottery.”" msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " -"words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: “Entering the arts " -"because you want to get rich is like buying lottery tickets because you want " -"to get rich. It might work, but it almost certainly won’t. Though, of " -"course, someone always wins the lottery.”" +"words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: <quote>Entering the " +"arts because you want to get rich is like buying lottery tickets because you " +"want to get rich. It might work, but it almost certainly won’t. Though, of " +"course, someone always wins the lottery.</quote>" msgstr "" "En el estudio de caso acerca de Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cita " "las palabras de Cory de su libro _La Información no Quiere ser Libre_: " @@ -251,7 +301,7 @@ msgstr "" "lotería.”" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:135 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -269,12 +319,20 @@ msgstr "" "vivir según sus valores." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:144 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue " +#| "to create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of " +#| "Cards Against Humanity says it best in their case study: “We don’t make " +#| "jokes and games to make money—we make money so we can make more jokes and " +#| "games.”" msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " -"Against Humanity says it best in their case study: “We don’t make jokes and " -"games to make money—we make money so we can make more jokes and games.”" +"Against Humanity says it best in their case study: <quote>We don’t make " +"jokes and games to make money—we make money so we can make more jokes and " +"games.</quote>" msgstr "" "Así que no es acerca del dinero. Pero, al mismo tiempo, sí lo es. Encontrar " "los medios para continuar creando y compartiendo frecuentemente requiere de " @@ -283,7 +341,7 @@ msgstr "" "Hacemos dinero para poder seguir haciendo más chistes y juegos.”" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:151 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -292,16 +350,16 @@ msgid "" "the best open business models. Paul and Sarah were the ideal authors to " "write Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" -"El objetivo de Creative Commons es la construcción de un procomún vibrante, " -"usable, impulsado por la colaboración y la gratitud. En el corazón de " -"nuestra estrategia está el habilitar a las comunidades de colaboración. " -"Considerando esto, Creative Commons inició este proyecto de libro. Con la " -"guía de Paul y Sarah, el proyecto inició para definir y fomentar los mejores " -"modelos de negocios abiertos. Paul y Sarah fueron los autores ideales para " -"escribir _Hecho con Creative Commons_." +"El objetivo de Creative Commons es la construcción de bienes comunes " +"vibrantes, usables, impulsados por la colaboración y la gratitud. En el " +"corazón de nuestra estrategia está el habilitar a las comunidades de " +"colaboración. Considerando esto, Creative Commons inició este proyecto de " +"libro. Con la guía de Paul y Sarah, el proyecto inició para definir y " +"fomentar los mejores modelos de negocios abiertos. Paul y Sarah fueron los " +"autores ideales para escribir _Hecho con Creative Commons_." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:160 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -320,7 +378,7 @@ msgstr "" "inspira a sus colegas y a su comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:169 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -342,7 +400,7 @@ msgstr "" "debatir de mi equipo." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:181 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -357,14 +415,14 @@ msgstr "" "analizaron, discutieron, y trabajaron como un equipo, a veces juntos y a " "veces de forma independiente. Se sumergieron en la investigación y en la " "escritura con pasión y curiosidad, y un profundo respeto por lo que conlleva " -"construir el procomún y compartirlo con el mundo. Se mantuvieron abiertos a " -"nuevas ideas, incluyendo la posibilidad de que sus teorías iniciales " -"requirieran refinamiento o estuvieran completamente equivocadas. Eso " -"requiere de valor, y llevó a que el libro resulte mejor, al ser interesante, " -"honesto y útil." +"construir los bienes comunes y compartirlos con el mundo. Se mantuvieron " +"abiertos a nuevas ideas, incluyendo la posibilidad de que sus teorías " +"iniciales requirieran refinamiento o estuvieran completamente equivocadas. " +"Eso requiere de valor, y llevó a que el libro resulte mejor, al ser " +"interesante, honesto y útil." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:192 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -380,7 +438,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo de negocios abierto." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:200 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -398,7 +456,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:209 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -418,18 +476,19 @@ msgstr "" "que _Hecho con Creative Commons_ resultara un mejor proyecto." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:219 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " "profound gift. What they receive in return is gratitude and a community." msgstr "" -"Quienes trabajan y comparten en el procomún no son los creadores típicos. " -"Son parte de algo más grande que ellos mismos, y lo que nos ofrecen a todos " -"es un gran regalo. Lo que reciben a cambio es gratitud, y una comunidad." +"Quienes trabajan y comparten los bienes comunes no son los creadores " +"típicos. Son parte de algo más grande que ellos mismos, y lo que nos ofrecen " +"a todos es un gran regalo. Lo que reciben a cambio es gratitud, y una " +"comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:225 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -441,25 +500,38 @@ msgstr "" "Jonathan Mann, perfilado en este libro, escribe una canción cada día. Cuando " "lo contacté para pedirle que escribiera una canción para nuestro Kickstarter " "(y ofrecerse a sí mismo como un beneficio para el Kickstarter), aceptó de " -"inmediato. ¿Por qué lo haría? Porque el procomún tiene en su núcleo a la " -"colaboración, porque la comunidad es un valor clave, y porque las licencias " -"CC han ayudado a tantos para compartir de la forma que les gusta y con un " -"público global." +"inmediato. ¿Por qué lo haría? Porque los bienes comunes tienen en su núcleo " +"a la colaboración, porque la comunidad es un valor clave, y porque las " +"licencias CC han ayudado a tantos para compartir de la forma que les gusta, " +"y con un público global." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:208 -msgid "" -"Sarah writes, “Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when " -"community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:234 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Sarah writes, “Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when " +#| "community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " +#| "collaborating together to create something new, or it may simply be a " +#| "collection of like-minded people who get to know each other and rally " +#| "around common interests or beliefs. To a certain extent, simply being " +#| "Made with Creative Commons automatically brings with it some element of " +#| "community, by helping connect you to like-minded others who recognize and " +#| "are drawn to the values symbolized by using CC.” Amanda Palmer, the other " +#| "musician profiled in the book, would surely add this from her case study: " +#| "“There is no more satisfying end goal than having someone tell you that " +#| "what you do is genuinely of value to them.”" +msgid "" +"Sarah writes, <quote>Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive " +"when community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " "collaborating together to create something new, or it may simply be a " "collection of like-minded people who get to know each other and rally around " "common interests or beliefs. To a certain extent, simply being Made with " "Creative Commons automatically brings with it some element of community, by " "helping connect you to like-minded others who recognize and are drawn to the " -"values symbolized by using CC.” Amanda Palmer, the other musician profiled " -"in the book, would surely add this from her case study: “There is no more " -"satisfying end goal than having someone tell you that what you do is " -"genuinely of value to them.”" +"values symbolized by using CC.</quote> Amanda Palmer, the other musician " +"profiled in the book, would surely add this from her case study: " +"<quote>There is no more satisfying end goal than having someone tell you " +"that what you do is genuinely of value to them.</quote>" msgstr "" "Sarah escribe, ”Los esfuerzos que son Hechos con Creative Commons prosperan " "cuando se construye una comunidad alrededor de lo que hacen. Puede ser que " @@ -475,7 +547,7 @@ msgstr "" "valioso.”" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:248 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -495,15 +567,24 @@ msgstr "" "docenas de dosis de inspiración pura." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:232 -msgid "" -"In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article “The Zones of Cyberspace”, CC founder " -"Lawrence Lessig wrote, “Cyberspace is a place. People live there. They " -"experience all the sorts of things that they experience in real space, " -"there. For some, they experience more. They experience this not as isolated " -"individuals, playing some high tech computer game; they experience it in " -"groups, in communities, among strangers, among people they come to know, and " -"sometimes like.”" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:258 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article “The Zones of Cyberspace”, CC " +#| "founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, “Cyberspace is a place. People live there. " +#| "They experience all the sorts of things that they experience in real " +#| "space, there. For some, they experience more. They experience this not as " +#| "isolated individuals, playing some high tech computer game; they " +#| "experience it in groups, in communities, among strangers, among people " +#| "they come to know, and sometimes like.”" +msgid "" +"In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article <quote>The Zones of Cyberspace</" +"quote>, CC founder Lawrence Lessig wrote, <quote>Cyberspace is a place. " +"People live there. They experience all the sorts of things that they " +"experience in real space, there. For some, they experience more. They " +"experience this not as isolated individuals, playing some high tech computer " +"game; they experience it in groups, in communities, among strangers, among " +"people they come to know, and sometimes like.</quote>" msgstr "" "En el artículo publicado en Stanford Law Review de 1996, el fundador de CC, " "Lawrence Lessig, escribió: ”El ciberespacio es un lugar. Hay gente que vive " @@ -514,13 +595,20 @@ msgstr "" "van conociendo, de quienes se van haciendo amigos.”" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:268 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book " +#| "for the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m " +#| "grateful to Paul and Sarah for their creativity and insights, and to the " +#| "global communities that have helped us bring it to you. As CC board " +#| "member Johnathan Nightingale often says, “It’s all made of people.”" msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " "Paul and Sarah for their creativity and insights, and to the global " "communities that have helped us bring it to you. As CC board member " -"Johnathan Nightingale often says, “It’s all made of people.”" +"Johnathan Nightingale often says, <quote>It’s all made of people.</quote>" msgstr "" "Estoy increíblemente orgulloso de que Creative Commons pueda publicar este " "libro para las muchas comunidades que hemos llegado a conocer y amar. Estoy " @@ -529,31 +617,29 @@ msgstr "" "Nightingale, miembro del consejo de CC, ”todo está hecho de gente.”" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:276 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" "Ese es el verdadero valor de las cosas que están _Hechas con Creative " "Commons_." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:279 msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>" -msgstr "" +msgstr "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:255 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:282 msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>" -msgstr "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n" +msgstr "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:286 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Introducción" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:288 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." @@ -562,7 +648,18 @@ msgstr "" "negocios — Pero con un giro adicional." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:292 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, " +#| "and businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their " +#| "work using Creative Commons licenses. Our goal was not to identify a " +#| "formula for business models that use Creative Commons but instead gather " +#| "fresh ideas and dynamic examples that spark new, innovative models and " +#| "help others follow suit by building on what already works. At the onset, " +#| "we framed our investigation in familiar business terms. We created a " +#| "blank “open business model canvas,” an interactive online tool that would " +#| "help people design and analyze their business model." msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -570,9 +667,9 @@ msgid "" "business models that use Creative Commons but instead gather fresh ideas and " "dynamic examples that spark new, innovative models and help others follow " "suit by building on what already works. At the onset, we framed our " -"investigation in familiar business terms. We created a blank “open business " -"model canvas,” an interactive online tool that would help people design and " -"analyze their business model." +"investigation in familiar business terms. We created a blank <quote>open " +"business model canvas,</quote> an interactive online tool that would help " +"people design and analyze their business model." msgstr "" "Comenzamos el proyecto con la intención de explorar cómo los creadores, " "organizaciones y negocios hacen dinero para sostener lo que tienen que hacer " @@ -587,7 +684,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo de negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:304 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -603,7 +700,7 @@ msgstr "" "escuchamos y profundizamos en la literatura." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:312 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." @@ -613,7 +710,7 @@ msgstr "" "escuchábamos." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:317 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -629,13 +726,20 @@ msgstr "" "sostener sus operaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:325 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " +#| "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " +#| "Something that generates not just economic value but social and cultural " +#| "value. Something that involves human connection. Being Made with Creative " +#| "Commons is not “business as usual.”" msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " "Something that generates not just economic value but social and cultural " "value. Something that involves human connection. Being Made with Creative " -"Commons is not “business as usual.”" +"Commons is not <quote>business as usual.</quote>" msgstr "" "Frecuentemente no les gustaba escuchar que se describiera lo que hacían como " "un modelo de negocios abierto. Su emprendimiento iba más allá que eso, era " @@ -644,7 +748,7 @@ msgstr "" "_Hecho con Creative Commons_ no es ”negocios como siempre.”" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:333 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -663,7 +767,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el transcurso de un año y medio." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:315 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:342 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -683,7 +787,7 @@ msgstr "" "diferentes secciones." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:352 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." @@ -693,7 +797,7 @@ msgstr "" "dos partes principales." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:357 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -703,14 +807,15 @@ msgid "" "commons." msgstr "" "La parte uno, la imagen general, inicia con un marco conceptual de la gran " -"escala escrito por Paul. Presenta un contexto histórico para el procomún " -"digital, describiendo las tres maneras en que la sociedad ha administrado " -"los recursos y compartido la riqueza — El procomún, el mercado y el estado. " -"Sugiere pensar más allá de términos de negocios y mercado, y elocuentemente " -"defiende la importancia de compartir y enriquecer al procomún digital." +"escala escrito por Paul. Presenta un contexto histórico para los bienes " +"comunes digitales, describiendo las tres maneras en que la sociedad ha " +"administrado los recursos y compartido la riqueza — Los bienes comunes, el " +"mercado y el estado. Sugiere pensar más allá de términos de negocios y " +"mercado, y elocuentemente defiende la importancia de compartir y enriquecer " +"los bienes comunes digitales." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:365 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -730,7 +835,7 @@ msgstr "" "impulsan conexiones con la gente con quienes comparten." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:375 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -744,7 +849,7 @@ msgstr "" "son las únicas maneras de hacer dinero." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:382 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " @@ -756,7 +861,7 @@ msgstr "" "perfiles." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:388 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -767,7 +872,7 @@ msgstr "" "traduce, localiza y construye sobre de este trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:393 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -782,53 +887,63 @@ msgstr "" "contribuya a transformar nuestra economía y al mundo para mejor." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:400 msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>" -msgstr "" +msgstr "<emphasis>Paul y Sarah </emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:404 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "El panorama completo" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:406 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" -msgstr "El nuevo mundo del procomún digital" +msgstr "El nuevo mundo de los bienes comunes digitales" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:408 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "Paul Stacey" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:418 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:384 -msgid "" -"Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as “the air and oceans, the " -"web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the commons. " -"So are language and knowledge, sidewalks and public squares, the stories of " -"childhood and the processes of democracy. Some parts of the commons are " -"gifts of nature, others the product of human endeavor. Some are new, such as " -"the Internet; others are as ancient as soil and calligraphy.”<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" -msgstr "" -"Jonathan Rowe describe de forma elocuente al procomún como «el aire y los " -"océanos, la red de especies, la naturaleza salvaje y la corriente de agua—" -"todas son partes del procomún. También lo son el idioma y el conocimiento, " -"las aceras y las plazas públicas, las historias infantiles y los procesos " -"democráticos. Algunas partes del procomún son regalos de la naturaleza, " -"otras son producto del esfuerzo humano. Algunas son nuevas, como la " -"Internet; otras son antiguas como la tierra y la caligrafía.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:411 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as “the air and oceans, " +#| "the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " +#| "commons. So are language and knowledge, sidewalks and public squares, the " +#| "stories of childhood and the processes of democracy. Some parts of the " +#| "commons are gifts of nature, others the product of human endeavor. Some " +#| "are new, such as the Internet; others are as ancient as soil and " +#| "calligraphy.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +msgid "" +"Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as <quote>the air and oceans, " +"the web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the " +"commons. So are language and knowledge, sidewalks and public squares, the " +"stories of childhood and the processes of democracy. Some parts of the " +"commons are gifts of nature, others the product of human endeavor. Some are " +"new, such as the Internet; others are as ancient as soil and calligraphy.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +msgstr "" +"Jonathan Rowe describe de forma elocuente a los bienes comunes como «el aire " +"y los océanos, la red de especies, la naturaleza salvaje y la corriente de " +"agua—todas son partes de lo común. También lo son el idioma y el " +"conocimiento, las aceras y las plazas públicas, las historias infantiles y " +"los procesos democráticos. Algunas porciones de los bienes comunes son " +"regalos de la naturaleza, otras son producto del esfuerzo humano. Algunas " +"son nuevas, como la Internet; otras son antiguas como la tierra y la " +"caligrafía.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:423 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -839,18 +954,19 @@ msgid "" "profile in our case studies use Creative Commons to share their resources " "online over the Internet." msgstr "" -"En _Hecho con Creative Commons_, nos enfocamos en nuestra era actual del " -"procomún digital, un procomún de trabajos producidos por personas. Este " -"procomún atraviesa una amplia variedad de áreas, incluyendo patrimonio " -"cultural, educación, investigación, tecnología, arte, diseño, literatura, " -"entretenimiento, negocios y datos. Los trabajos producidos por personas en " -"todas estas áreas son, cada vez más, digitales. La Internet es un tipo " -"global de procomún digital. Los individuos, organizaciones y negocios que " -"perfilamos en nuestros casos de estudio usan Creative Commons para compartir " -"sus recursos en línea a través de la Internet." +"En _Hecho con Creative Commons_ nos enfocamos en nuestra era actual de los " +"bienes comunes digitales, un cúmulo de trabajos producidos por personas. " +"Este conjunto de bienes comunes atraviesa una amplia variedad de áreas, " +"incluyendo patrimonio cultural, educación, investigación, tecnología, arte, " +"diseño, literatura, entretenimiento, negocios y datos. Los trabajos " +"producidos por personas en todas estas áreas son, cada vez más, digitales. " +"La Internet es un tipo global de bien común digital. Los individuos, " +"organizaciones y negocios que perfilamos en nuestros casos de estudio usan " +"Creative Commons para compartir sus recursos en línea a través de la " +"Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:438 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." @@ -859,24 +975,12 @@ msgstr "" "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:446 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "Ibid., 15." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about " -#| "the social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, " -#| "but to common—to put the resource into the commons—is a verb.2 The " -#| "creators, organizations, and businesses we profile are all engaged with " -#| "commoning. Their use of Creative Commons involves them in the social " -#| "practice of commoning, managing resources in a collective manner with a " -#| "community of users.3 Commoning is guided by a set of values and norms " -#| "that balance the costs and benefits of the enterprise with those of the " -#| "community. Special regard is given to equitable access, use, and " -#| "sustainability." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:434 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -889,29 +993,31 @@ msgid "" "costs and benefits of the enterprise with those of the community. Special " "regard is given to equitable access, use, and sustainability." msgstr "" -"Sin embargo, el procomún no es sólo acerca de recursos compartidos. También " -"es acerca de las prácticas sociales y valores que los dirigen. Un recurso es " -"un sustantivo, pero _comunalizar_ —poner un recurso en el procomún— es un " -"verbo.2 Las personas creadoras, organizaciones y negocios que perfilamos " -"están todas comprometidas con comunalizar. Su uso de Creative Commons les " -"involucra en la práctica social de la comunalización, gestionando recursos " -"de una forma colectiva con una comunidad de usuarios.3 La liberación es " -"guiada por un conjunto de valores y normas que balancean los costos y " -"beneficios de la empresa con aquellos de la comunidad. Se le da especial " -"atención al acceso equitativo, uso y sostenibilidad." +"Sin embargo, los bienes comunes no tratan sólo acerca de recursos " +"compartidos. También deben considerar las prácticas sociales y valores que " +"los dirigen. Un recurso es un sustantivo, pero _comunalizar_ —contribuir un " +"recurso al bien común— es un verbo.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " +"Las personas creadoras, organizaciones y negocios que perfilamos están todas " +"comprometidas con comunalizar. Su uso de Creative Commons les involucra en " +"la práctica social de la comunalización, gestionando recursos de una forma " +"colectiva con una comunidad de usuarios.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"1\"/> La liberación es guiada por un conjunto de valores y normas que " +"balancean los costos y beneficios de la empresa con aquellos de la " +"comunidad. Se le da especial atención al acceso equitativo, uso y " +"sostenibilidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" -msgstr "El procomún, el mercado y el Estado" +msgstr "Los bienes comunes, el mercado y el Estado" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:459 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "Ibid., 145." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:455 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -919,17 +1025,17 @@ msgid "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Históricamente, han habido tres formas de gestionar recursos y compartir " -"riquezas: el procomún (gestionado de forma colectiva), el Estado (esto es, " -"el gobierno) y el mercado—con los dos últimos siendo hoy las formas " -"dominantes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"riquezas: los bienes comunes (gestionados de forma colectiva), el Estado " +"(esto es, el gobierno) y el mercado—con los dos últimos siendo hoy las " +"formas dominantes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:468 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "Ibid., 175." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:463 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -941,25 +1047,25 @@ msgid "" "state." msgstr "" "Las organizaciones y los negocios en nuestros casos de estudio son únicas en " -"la forma en que participan en el procomún, al tiempo que se mantienen " +"la forma en que participan en los bienes comunes, al tiempo que se mantienen " "involucrados con el mercado y/o el Estado. El grado de involucramiento con " -"el mercado o Estado varía. Algunas operan ante todo como procomún con mínima " -"o ninguna dependencia del mercado o Estado.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Otras son parte del mercado o " -"Estado, y dependen de estos para su sotenibilidad financiera. Todas operan " -"como híbridos, mezclando las normas del procomún con las del mercado o " -"Estado." +"el mercado o Estado varía. Algunas operan ante todo en los bienes comunes " +"con mínima o ninguna dependencia del mercado o Estado.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Otras son parte del mercado o Estado, y dependen de " +"estos para su sotenibilidad financiera. Todas operan como híbridos, " +"mezclando las normas de cada bien común con las del mercado o Estado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:475 msgid "" "Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of " "engagement with commons, state, and market." msgstr "" "La Fig. 1. es una representación de cómo una empresa puede tener niveles " -"variables de involucramiento con el procomún, el Estado y el mercado." +"variables de involucramiento con los bienes comunes, el Estado y el mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:479 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -970,18 +1076,18 @@ msgid "" "as being primarily of one type or another affects the balance of norms by " "which they operate." msgstr "" -"Algunos de nuestros casos de estudio son simplemente procomunes y empresas " -"de mercado con poco o ningún involucramiento con el Estado. Una " +"Algunos de nuestros casos de estudio son simplemente bienes comunes y " +"empresas de mercado con poco o ningún involucramiento con el Estado. Una " "representación de estos casos de estudio mostraría una esfera del Estado " "pequeña o incluso ausente. Otros casos de estudio se basan ante todo en el " -"mercado, con sólo un pequeño involucramiento con el procomún. Una " +"mercado, con sólo un pequeño involucramiento con el bien común. Una " "representación de estos casos de estudio mostraría una gran esfera del " -"mercado y una pequeña esfera del procomún. El grado en el cuál una empresa " -"se ve a sí misma como principalmente de un tipo o de otro afecta el balance " -"de normas bajo las cuales operan." +"mercado y una pequeña esfera de los bienes comunes. El grado en el cuál una " +"empresa se ve a sí misma como principalmente de un tipo o de otro afecta el " +"balance de normas bajo las cuales operan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:490 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -992,49 +1098,51 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Todos nuestros casos de estudio generan dinero como medio de subsistencia o " "sostenibilidad. El dinero pertenece, ante todo, al mercado. Encontrar formas " -"de generar ingresos manteniéndose fiel a los valores fundamentales del " -"procomún (por lo general expresados en la definición de su misión) es un " -"reto. Gestionar la interacción y el involucramiento entre el procomún y el " -"mercado requiere un toque ágil, un fuerte sentido de valores y la habilidad " -"de mezclar lo mejor de ambos." +"de generar ingresos manteniéndose fiel a los valores fundamentales del bien " +"común (por lo general expresados en la definición de su misión) es un reto. " +"Gestionar la interacción y el involucramiento entre los bienes comunes y el " +"mercado requiere de un toque ágil, un fuerte sentido de valores, y la " +"habilidad de mezclar lo mejor de ambos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:499 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " "build the commons. Beyond money, laws and regulations regarding property, " "copyright, business, and finance can all be designed to foster the commons." msgstr "" -"El Estado juega un papel importante en la promoción del uso y la adopción " -"del procomún. Los programas y financiamiento del Estado pueden contribuir y " -"construir el procomún de forma deliberada. Más allá del dinero, pueden " -"diseñarse las leyes y regulaciones con respecto a propiedad, derechos de " -"autor, negocios y finanzas para promover el procomún." +"El Estado juega un papel importante en la promoción del uso y la adopción de " +"los bienes ocmunes. Los programas y financiamiento del Estado pueden " +"contribuir y construir bienes comunes de forma deliberada. Más allá del " +"dinero, pueden diseñarse las leyes y regulaciones con respecto a propiedad, " +"derechos de autor, negocios y finanzas para promoverlos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:485 -msgid "Enterprise engagements" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:513 +msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" +"Una empresa puede tener niveles variables de involucramiento con los bienes " +"comunes, el Estado y el mercado." -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:481 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:510 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" -msgstr "" +msgstr "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:519 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -1044,26 +1152,32 @@ msgid "" "commons the same way you do the market or state is not a strategy for " "success." msgstr "" -"Es útil entender cómo el procomún, el mercado y el Estado gestionan los " -"recursos de forma diferente, y no solo prara aquellos que se consideran ante " -"todo como un procomún. Para empresas u organizaciones gubernamentales que " -"quieren involucrarse y aprovechar los bienes comunales, saber cómo éstos " +"Es útil entender cómo los bienes comunes, el mercado y el Estado gestionan " +"los recursos de forma diferente, y no solo para aquellos que se consideran " +"ante todo como un bien común. Para empresas u organizaciones gubernamentales " +"que quieran involucrarse y aprovechar los bienes comunales, saber cómo éstos " "operan les ayudará a encontrar la mejor forma para hacerlo. Participar en el " -"uso del procomún en la misma forma en la que lo harían en el mercado o " +"uso de un bien común en la misma forma en la que lo harían en el mercado o " "Estado no resultaría una estrategia exitosa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "Los cuatro aspectos de un recurso" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " +#| "Commons for the Knowledge Commons,” in Governing Knowledge Commons, eds. " +#| "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg (New " +#| "York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53." msgid "" -"Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " -"Commons for the Knowledge Commons,” in Governing Knowledge Commons, eds. " -"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg (New " -"York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53." +"Daniel H. Cole, <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " +"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Governing Knowledge " +"Commons, eds. Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. " +"Strandburg (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53." msgstr "" "Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " "Commons for the Knowledge Commons,” en Governing Knowledge Commons, eds. " @@ -1071,7 +1185,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:532 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -1083,14 +1197,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Como parte de su trabajo ganador del Premio Nobel, Elinor Ostrom desarrolló " "un marco conceptual para analizar cómo los recursos naturales se gestionan " -"en un procomún.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Su marco conceptual considera cosas como las " -"características biofísicas de recursos communes, los actores de la comunidad " -"y las interacciones que tienen lugar entre ellos, reglas en uso y " -"resultados. El marco conceptual ha sido simplificado y generalizado para " -"aplicar al procomún, el mercado y el Estado para este capítulo." +"en forma de un bien común.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Su marco " +"conceptual considera cosas como las características biofísicas de recursos " +"communes, los actores de la comunidad y las interacciones que tienen lugar " +"entre ellos, reglas en uso y resultados. Dicho marco conceptual ha sido " +"simplificado y generalizado para aplicar a los bienes comunes, al mercado y " +"al Estado para este capítulo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:548 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -1106,28 +1221,23 @@ msgstr "" "uso (ver Fig. 2)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:534 -msgid "Aspects of resource management" -msgstr "" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:562 +msgid "Four aspects of resource management" +msgstr "Cuatro aspectos de administración de recursos" -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:559 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:568 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "Características" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -1135,13 +1245,13 @@ msgid "" "which affects a resource’s inherent potential." msgstr "" "Los recursos tienen características particulares o atributos que afectan la " -"forma en que pueden ser usados. Algunos recursos son naturales; otros son " -"producidos por personas. Y —de forma significativa para el procomún de hoy—" -"los recursos pueden ser físicos o digitales, lo que afecta el potencial " -"inherente del recurso." +"forma en que pueden ser utilizados. Algunos recursos son naturales, otros " +"son producidos por personas. Y —de forma significativa para los bienes " +"comunes de hoy—los recursos pueden ser físicos o digitales, lo cual afecta " +"el potencial inherente del recurso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:577 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -1161,7 +1271,7 @@ msgstr "" "requieren que se involucren con el mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:588 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -1180,7 +1290,7 @@ msgstr "" "es una característica inherente de los recursos digitales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:598 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -1191,12 +1301,12 @@ msgstr "" "La naturaleza no agotable, no exclusiva y no rival de los recursos digitales " "significa que las reglas y normas para gestionarlos pueden (y deben) ser " "diferentes de cómo los recursos físicos se gestionan. Sin embargo, este no " -"es siempre el caso. Los recursos digitales con frecuencia se hacen escasos " -"de forma artificial. Poner recursos digitales en el procomún los hace libres " -"y abundantes." +"es siempre el caso. Los recursos digitales con frecuencia se hacen escasear " +"de forma artificial. Poner recursos digitales en un bien común los hace " +"libres y abundantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:606 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -1216,7 +1326,7 @@ msgstr "" "un recurso digital en uno físico." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources " @@ -1226,33 +1336,33 @@ msgid "" "extending beyond state boundaries, to be passed on in undiminished or " "enhanced form to future generations." msgstr "" -"Mas allá de esta idea de físico contra digital, el procomún, el mercado y el " -"Estado conciben a los recursos de forma diferente (ver Fig. 3). El mercado " -"ve a los recursos como bienes privados—mercancías para la venta—a partir de " -"los cuales se extrae valor. El Estado ve a los recursos como bienes públicos " -"que brindan valor a los ciudadanos. El procomún ve a los recursos como " -"bienes comunes, que brindan riqueza común, extendiéndose más allá de las " -"fronteras del Estado para ser pasadas a futuras generaciones de forma no " -"disminuída y, en ocasiones, mejorada." +"Mas allá de esta idea de físico contra digital, los bienes comunes, el " +"mercado y el Estado conciben a los recursos de forma diferente (ver Fig. 3). " +"El mercado ve a los recursos como bienes privados—mercancías para la venta—a " +"partir de los cuales se extrae valor. El Estado ve a los recursos como " +"bienes públicos que brindan valor a los ciudadanos. En los bienes comunes se " +"ve a los recursos como bienes comunes, que brindan riqueza común, " +"extendiéndose más allá de las fronteras del Estado para ser pasadas a " +"futuras generaciones de forma no disminuída y, en ocasiones, mejorada." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "Personas y procesos" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:630 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " "and how a resource is managed." msgstr "" -"En el procomún, el mercado y el Estado, diferentes personas y procesos se " -"usan para gestionar recursos. Los procesos usados definen quienes tienes " -"tienen voz, así como la forma en que un recurso se gestiona." +"En los bienes comunes, el mercado y el Estado, se emplean diferentes " +"personas y procesos para gestionar recursos. Los procesos utilizados definen " +"quiéne tiene voz, así como la forma en que un recurso se gestiona." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:635 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -1269,7 +1379,7 @@ msgstr "" "recursos con base en prioridades y procedimientos del gobierno." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:644 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -1287,7 +1397,7 @@ msgstr "" "de una transacción de efectivo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:655 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." @@ -1296,7 +1406,7 @@ msgstr "" "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -1311,44 +1421,39 @@ msgid "" "Commons require users to give the original creator credit. Knowing the " "person behind a resource makes the commons less anonymous and more personal." msgstr "" -"En contraste con el Estado y el mercado, los recursos en un procomún son " -"gestionados de forma más directa por las personas involucradas.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Creadores " -"de recursos producidos por personas pueden ponerlos en el procomún por " -"escogencia personal. No se requiere permiso del Estado o el mercado. " -"Cualquier persona puede participar en el procomún y determinar por sí misma " -"el alcance al cual quiere estar involucrada—como contribuyente, usuario o " -"administrador. Las personas involucradas no incluyen solo a aquellas que " -"crean y usan recursos, sino también a aquellas afectadas por el resultado " -"de su uso. Quién se es afecta su opinión, acciones que puede tomar, y el " -"alcance de la toma de decisiones. En el procomún, la comunidad como un todo " -"gestiona los recursos. Los recursos puestos en el procomún usando Creative " -"Commons requieren que los usuarios den crédito al creador original. Conocer " -"a la persona detrás del recurso vuelve al procomún menos anónimo y más " -"personal." +"En contraste con el Estado y el mercado, los recursos en un bien común son " +"gestionados de forma más directa por las personas involucradas.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Creadores de recursos producidos por personas " +"pueden ponerlos en el bien común por elección personal. No se requiere " +"permiso del Estado o el mercado. Cualquier persona puede participar en el " +"bien común y determinar por sí misma el alcance al cual quiere estar " +"involucrada — como contribuyente, usuario o administrador. Las personas " +"involucradas no incluyen solo a aquellas que crean y usan recursos, sino " +"también a aquellas afectadas por el resultado de su uso. Quién se es afecta " +"su opinión, acciones que puede tomar, y el alcance de la toma de decisiones. " +"En los bienes comunes, la comunidad como un todo gestiona los recursos. Los " +"recursos puestos en el bien común usando Creative Commons requieren que los " +"usuarios den crédito al creador original. Conocer a la persona detrás del " +"recurso vuelve al bien común menos anónimo y más personal." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 -msgid "Different views on resources" -msgstr "" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:680 +msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." +msgstr "Cómo el mercado, los bienes comunes y el Estado conciben los recursos." -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:647 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:677 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:658 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "Normas y reglas" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:689 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -1360,7 +1465,7 @@ msgstr "" "disputas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:695 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -1372,11 +1477,11 @@ msgstr "" "Las normas relacionadas con las prioridades y la toma de decisiones son " "definidas por mandatarios electos y procesos parlamentarios. Las reglas del " "Estado se expresan a través de políticas, regulaciones y leyes. El Estado " -"influencia las normas y reglas del mercado y el procomún a través de las " -"reglas que pasa." +"influencia las normas y reglas del mercado y los bienes comunes a través de " +"las reglas mediante las cuales se regula." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:703 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -1387,12 +1492,12 @@ msgstr "" "y leyes financieras definidas por el Estado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:708 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -1406,15 +1511,16 @@ msgstr "" "bien comunal son en buena medida definidas por la comunidad. Ellas ponderan " "costos y beneficios individuales contra los costos y beneficios de la " "comunidad entera. No solo entra en juego la eficiencia económica sino que " -"también a la equidad y sostenibilidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"también a la equidad y sostenibilidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720 msgid "Goals" msgstr "Objetivos" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:722 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1424,20 +1530,30 @@ msgstr "" "La combinación de los aspectos que hemos discutido hasta ahora —las " "características inherentes de los recursos, personas y procesos, y normas y " "reglas— modelan cómo los recursos son empleados. El uso también está " -"influenciado por los diferentes objetivos que tiene el Estado, el mercado y " -"el procomún." +"influenciado por los diferentes objetivos que tienen el Estado, el mercado y " +"los bienes comunes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:705 -msgid "" -"Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, “The Economics of Information in a Post-" -"Carbon Economy,” in Free Knowledge: Confronting the Commodification of Human " -"Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott and Daryl H. Hepting (Regina, SK: " +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:734 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, “The Economics of Information in a " +#| "Post-Carbon Economy,” in Free Knowledge: Confronting the Commodification " +#| "of Human Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott and Daryl H. Hepting " +#| "(Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4." +msgid "" +"Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, <quote>The Economics of Information in a " +"Post-Carbon Economy,</quote> in Free Knowledge: Confronting the " +"Commodification of Human Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott and Daryl H. " +"Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4." +msgstr "" +"Joshua Farley e Ida Kubiszewski, “The Economics of Information in a Post-" +"Carbon Economy,” en Free Knowledge: Confronting the Commodification of Human " +"Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott y Daryl H. Hepting (Regina, SK: " "University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4." -msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:729 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1449,12 +1565,12 @@ msgstr "" "En el mercado, en enfoque es maximizar la utilidad de un recurso. Lo que " "pagamos por los bienes que consumimos se ve como un objetivo medible de la " "utilidad que brinda. El objetivo entonces se vuelve maximizar el valor " -"monetario total en la economía.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Unidades consumidas se traducen en ventas, " -"ingresos, ganancia y crecimiento, y estas todas son formas de medir los " -"objetivos del mercado." +"monetario total en la economía.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " +"Unidades consumidas se traducen en ventas, ingresos, ganancia y crecimiento, " +"y estas todas son formas de medir los objetivos del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:744 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1471,7 +1587,7 @@ msgstr "" "reflejan en mediciones de calidad de vida." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:753 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1489,25 +1605,25 @@ msgstr "" "personal y social." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:762 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " "ability to strategically utilize and balance these different aspects of " "managing resources." msgstr "" -"Como combinaciones híbridas del procomún con el mercado o Estado, el éxito y " -"sostenibilidad de todas las empresas de nuestros casos de estudio dependen " -"de su capacidad para utilizar y balancear de forma estratégica estos " -"diferentes aspectos de la gestión de recursos." +"Como combinaciones híbridas de bienes comunes con el mercado o Estado, el " +"éxito y sostenibilidad de todas las empresas de nuestros casos de estudio " +"dependen de su capacidad para utilizar y balancear de forma estratégica " +"estos diferentes aspectos de la gestión de recursos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" -msgstr "Una corta historia del procomún" +msgstr "Una corta historia de los bienes comunes" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:772 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1516,15 +1632,15 @@ msgid "" "from consciousness and consideration. There are no news reports or speeches " "about the commons." msgstr "" -"Usar al procomún para gestionar recursos es parte de un largo contínuo " -"histórico. Sin embargo, en la sociedad contemporánea, el mercado y el Estado " -"dominan el discurso de cuál es la mejor manera de gestionar los recursos. Es " -"raro que el procomún siquiera se considere como una opción. El procomún ha " -"desaparecido de la conciencia y consideración en gran parte. No hay reportes " -"noticiosos o discursos acerca del procomún." +"Usar los bienes comunes para gestionar recursos es parte de un largo " +"contínuo histórico. Sin embargo, en la sociedad contemporánea, el mercado y " +"el Estado dominan el discurso de cuál es la mejor manera de gestionar los " +"recursos. Es raro que el bien común siquiera se considere como una opción. " +"El bien común ha desaparecido de la conciencia y consideración en gran " +"parte. No hay reportes noticiosos o discursos acerca de los bienes comunes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:781 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1533,27 +1649,24 @@ msgid "" "history." msgstr "" "Pero los más de 1,100 millones de recursos licenciados con Creative Commons " -"alrededor del mundo son indicadores de un movimiento de las bases hacia el " -"procomún. El procomún está haciendo un resurgimiento. Para entender la " -"resiliencia del procomún y comprender su actual renovación, es útil saber " -"algo de su historia." +"alrededor del mundo son indicadores de un movimiento de las bases hacia los " +"bienes comunes. Los bienes comunes están resurgiendo. Para entender su " +"resiliencia y comprender su actual renovación, es útil saber algo de su " +"historia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:763 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir " -#| "and Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " "2014), 42–43." msgstr "" -"Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " -"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." +"Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " +"the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " +"2014), 42–43." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:788 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1565,79 +1678,75 @@ msgid "" "state and the market.)" msgstr "" "Por siglos, las personas indígenas de las sociedades preindustrializadas " -"gestionaron recursos de forma colectiva como un procomún, incluyendo agua, " -"comida, leña, irrigación, pesca, caza, y muchas otras cosas.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> No había " -"mercado, ni economía global. El estado en la forma de soberanos influenciaba " -"el procomún pero de ninguna forma lo controlaba. La participación social " -"directa en el procomún era la forma principal con la cuál se gestionaban los " -"recursos y se satisfacían las necesidades. (La Fig. 4 ilustra el procomún " -"con relación a el Estado y el mercado.)" +"gestionaron recursos de forma colectiva como un bien común, incluyendo agua, " +"comida, leña, irrigación, pesca, caza, y muchas otras cosas.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> No había mercado, ni economía global. El Estado " +"en la forma de soberanos influenciaba a los bienes comunes, pero de ninguna " +"forma lo controlaba. La participación social directa en el bien común era la " +"forma principal con la cuál se gestionaban los recursos y se satisfacían las " +"necesidades. (La Fig. 4 ilustra a los bienes comunes en relación a el Estado " +"y el mercado)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:780 -msgid "Long ago" -msgstr "" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:809 +msgid "In preindustrialized society." +msgstr "en la sociedad preindustrializada." -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:776 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:806 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:818 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:792 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System " -#| "in Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:822 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " "and Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 88." msgstr "" -"Capra, Fritjof, y Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " -"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." +"Fritjof Capra y Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " +"Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " +"y Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 88." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:815 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" -#| "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) " +#| "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) " #| "taking over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure " -#| "of the commons.12 In olden days, “commoners” were evicted from the land, " -#| "fences and hedges erected, laws passed, and security set up to forbid " -#| "access.13 Gradually, resources became the property of the state and the " -#| "state became the primary means by which resources were managed. (See Fig. " -#| "5)." +#| "of the commons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In olden days, " +#| "“commoners” were evicted from the land, fences and hedges erected, laws " +#| "passed, and security set up to forbid access.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +#| "\" id=\"1\"/> Gradually, resources became the property of the state and " +#| "the state became the primary means by which resources were managed. (See " +#| "Fig. 5)." msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " -"commons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In olden days, “commoners” " -"were evicted from the land, fences and hedges erected, laws passed, and " -"security set up to forbid access.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> " -"Gradually, resources became the property of the state and the state became " -"the primary means by which resources were managed. (See Fig. 5)." +"commons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In olden days, " +"<quote>commoners</quote> were evicted from the land, fences and hedges " +"erected, laws passed, and security set up to forbid access.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Gradually, resources became the property of the " +"state and the state became the primary means by which resources were " +"managed. (See Fig. 5)." msgstr "" "A esto le sigue una larga historia del Estado (un monarca o soberano) " -"tomando control sobre el procomún para sus propios propósitos. A esto se le " -"llama _cercamiento del procomún_.12 Antíguamente, las masas eran desalojadas " -"de la tierra, se levantaban vallas y cercas, se aprobaban leyes y se vigilba " -"el espacio para prohibir el acceso.13 De forma gradual, los recursos se " -"volvieron propiedad del estado y el estado se volvió la forma principal " -"mediante la cual los recursos se gestionaban. (Ver Fig. 5)." +"tomando control sobre los bienes comunes para sus propios propósitos. A esto " +"se le llama cercamiento del bien común.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Antíguamente, las masas eran desalojadas de la tierra, se levantaban " +"vallas y cercas, se aprobaban leyes y se vigilaba el espacio para prohibir " +"el acceso.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> De forma gradual, los " +"recursos se volvieron propiedad del estado y el estado se volvió la forma " +"principal mediante la cual los recursos se gestionaban. (Ver Fig. 5)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:831 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1662,25 +1771,18 @@ msgstr "" "por el cuál los recursos son gestionados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:821 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "### A Short History of the Commons" -msgid "State takeover of the commons" -msgstr "### Una corta historia del procomún" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:851 +msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." +msgstr "Los bienes comunes son gradualmente reemplazados por el estado." -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:817 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:848 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:857 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." @@ -1690,19 +1792,28 @@ msgstr "" "la sobreexplotación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:832 -msgid "" -"Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay “The " -"Tragedy of the Commons,” published in Science in 1968. Hardin argues that " -"everyone in a commons seeks to maximize personal gain and will continue to " -"do so even when the limits of the commons are reached. The commons is then " -"tragically depleted to the point where it can no longer support anyone. " -"Hardin’s essay became widely accepted as an economic truism and a " -"justification for private property and free markets." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:862 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay “The " +#| "Tragedy of the Commons,” published in Science in 1968. Hardin argues that " +#| "everyone in a commons seeks to maximize personal gain and will continue " +#| "to do so even when the limits of the commons are reached. The commons is " +#| "then tragically depleted to the point where it can no longer support " +#| "anyone. Hardin’s essay became widely accepted as an economic truism and a " +#| "justification for private property and free markets." +msgid "" +"Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay " +"<quote>The Tragedy of the Commons,</quote> published in Science in 1968. " +"Hardin argues that everyone in a commons seeks to maximize personal gain and " +"will continue to do so even when the limits of the commons are reached. The " +"commons is then tragically depleted to the point where it can no longer " +"support anyone. Hardin’s essay became widely accepted as an economic truism " +"and a justification for private property and free markets." msgstr "" "La sobreexplotación fue el tema de el influyente ensayo de Garret Hardin, " "«La tragedia de los comunes,» publicado en la revista Science en 1968. " -"Hardin argumenta que en un procomún todos buscan maximizar la ganancia " +"Hardin argumenta que, en un bien común, todos buscan maximizar la ganancia " "personal y continuar haciéndolo incluso cuando se alcanzan los limites del " "bien comunal. Éste es entonces trágicamente agotado al punto en el que ya no " "puede soportar a nadie. El ensayo de Hardin se volvió aceptado de forma " @@ -1710,32 +1821,50 @@ msgstr "" "libre mercados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:890 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" -#| "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " -#| "“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, and " -#| "Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." +#| "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " +#| "“Governing Knowledge Commons,” in Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg " +#| "Governing Knowledge Commons, 12." msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " -"“Governing Knowledge Commons,” in Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg " -"Governing Knowledge Commons, 12." +"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons,</quote> in Frischmann, Madison, and " +"Strandburg Governing Knowledge Commons, 12." msgstr "" -"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, y Katherine J. Strandburg. " -"“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Cap. 1 en Frischmann, Madison, y Strandburg, " -"Governing Knowledge Commons." +"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " +"“Governing Knowledge Commons,” en Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg " +"Governing Knowledge Commons, 12." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:842 -msgid "" -"However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s “The Tragedy of the " -"Commons”—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons work. " -"Elinor Ostrom won the 2009 Nobel Prize in economics for her work studying " -"different commons all around the world. Ostrom’s work shows that natural " -"resource commons can be successfully managed by local communities without " -"any regulation by central authorities or without privatization. Government " -"and privatization are not the only two choices. There is a third way: " -"management by the people, where those that are directly impacted are " +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:873 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s “The Tragedy of the " +#| "Commons”—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " +#| "work. Elinor Ostrom won the 2009 Nobel Prize in economics for her work " +#| "studying different commons all around the world. Ostrom’s work shows that " +#| "natural resource commons can be successfully managed by local communities " +#| "without any regulation by central authorities or without privatization. " +#| "Government and privatization are not the only two choices. There is a " +#| "third way: management by the people, where those that are directly " +#| "impacted are directly involved. With natural resources, there is a " +#| "regional locality. The people in the region are the most familiar with " +#| "the natural resource, have the most direct relationship and history with " +#| "it, and are therefore best situated to manage it. Ostrom’s approach to " +#| "the governance of natural resources broke with convention; she recognized " +#| "the importance of the commons as an alternative to the market or state " +#| "for solving problems of collective action.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +#| "id=\"0\"/>" +msgid "" +"However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s <quote>The Tragedy of the " +"Commons</quote>—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons " +"work. Elinor Ostrom won the 2009 Nobel Prize in economics for her work " +"studying different commons all around the world. Ostrom’s work shows that " +"natural resource commons can be successfully managed by local communities " +"without any regulation by central authorities or without privatization. " +"Government and privatization are not the only two choices. There is a third " +"way: management by the people, where those that are directly impacted are " "directly involved. With natural resources, there is a regional locality. The " "people in the region are the most familiar with the natural resource, have " "the most direct relationship and history with it, and are therefore best " @@ -1747,8 +1876,8 @@ msgstr "" "Sin embargo, hay una seria falla en «La tragedia de los comunes» de Hardin—" "es ficticia. Hardin en realidad no estudió cómo funcionan los bienes " "comunales reales. Elinor Ostrom ganó el Premio Nobel de economía de 2009 por " -"estudiar diferentes procomunes alrededor del mundo. El trabajo de Ostrom " -"mostró que los recursos naturales del procomún pueden ser gestionados de " +"estudiar diferentes bienes comunes alrededor del mundo. El trabajo de Ostrom " +"mostró que los recursos naturales del bien común pueden ser gestionados de " "forma exitosa por comunidades locales sin ninguna regulación por parte de " "autoridades centrales y sin privatización. El gobierno y la privatización no " "son las únicas dos opciones. Hay una tercera forma: gestión por las " @@ -1758,11 +1887,12 @@ msgstr "" "natural, tienen la relación más directa e historia compartida, y por lo " "tanto son las mejor situadas para gestionarlos. El enfoque de Ostrom hacia " "la gobernanza de los recursos naturales rompió con la convención; ella " -"reconoció la importancia del procomún como una alternativa al mercado o " -"Estado para solucionar problemas de acción colectiva.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"reconoció la importancia de los bienes comunes como una alternativa al " +"mercado o Estado para solucionar problemas de acción colectiva.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:897 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1773,31 +1903,31 @@ msgid "" "while Hardin’s essay is called The Tragedy of the Commons it might more " "accurately be titled The Tragedy of the Market." msgstr "" -"Hardin omitió considerar la dinámica social actual del procomún. Su modeló " -"asumió que la gente en el procomún actúa de forma autónoma, por puro " -"egoísmo, sin interacción o consideración de otros. Pero como Ostrom " -"encontró, en realidad, gestionar recursos del procomún en conjunto _forma_ " -"una comunidad y fomenta la discusión. Esto naturalmente genera normas y " -"reglas que ayudan a las personas a trabajar de forma colectiva y asegurar un " -"procomún sostenible. De forma paradójica, mientras el ensayo de Hardi se " -"llamó La tragedia de los comunes, este pudo haberse titulado de forma más " -"precisa La tragedia del mercado." +"Hardin omitió considerar la dinámica social actual de los bienes comunes. Su " +"modeló asumió que la gente en un bien común actúa de forma autónoma, por " +"puro egoísmo, sin interacción o consideración de otros. Pero como Ostrom " +"encontró, en realidad, gestionar recursos de los bienes comunes en conjunto " +"_forma_ una comunidad y fomenta la discusión. Esto naturalmente genera " +"normas y reglas que ayudan a las personas a trabajar de forma colectiva y " +"asegurar un bien común sostenible. De forma paradójica, mientras el ensayo " +"de Hardi se llamó La tragedia de los comunes, este pudo haberse titulado de " +"forma más precisa La tragedia del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" -#| "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a " -#| "Post-Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge." +#| "Farley and Kubiszewski, “Economics of Information,” in Elliott and " +#| "Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgid "" -"Farley and Kubiszewski, “Economics of Information,” in Elliott and Hepting, " -"Free Knowledge, 203." +"Farley and Kubiszewski, <quote>Economics of Information,</quote> in Elliott " +"and Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203." msgstr "" -"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a Post-" -"Carbon Economy.” Cap. 11 en Elliott y Hepting, Free Knowledge." +"Farley and Kubiszewski, “Economics of Information,” en Elliott and Hepting, " +"Free Knowledge, 203." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:909 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1811,16 +1941,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "La historia de Hardin se basa en la premisa de recursos agotables. Los " "economistas se han enfocado casi exclusivamente en la mercados basados en la " -"escasez. Muy poco se sabe acerca de cómo funciona la abundancia.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El " -"surgimiento de información tecnológica y la Internet ha llevado a una " -"explosión en recursos digitales y a nuevos medios para compartir y " -"distribuir. Los recursos digitales no se pueden agotar jamás. Sin embargo, " -"la ausencia de un modelo teórico de cómo funciona la abundancia ha llevado " -"al mercado a hacer que los recursos digitales sean artificialmente escasos y " -"que sea posible aplicar las normas y reglas usuales del mercado." +"escasez. Muy poco se sabe acerca de cómo funciona la abundancia.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El surgimiento de información tecnológica y la " +"Internet ha llevado a una explosión en recursos digitales y a nuevos medios " +"para compartir y distribuir. Los recursos digitales no se pueden agotar " +"jamás. Sin embargo, la ausencia de un modelo teórico de cómo funciona la " +"abundancia ha llevado al mercado a hacer que los recursos digitales sean " +"artificialmente escasos y que sea posible aplicar las normas y reglas " +"usuales del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:925 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1834,28 +1965,23 @@ msgstr "" "ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:905 -msgid "Today" -msgstr "" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939 +msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." +msgstr "Cómo el mercado, el estado y los bienes comunes se ven al día de hoy." -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:901 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:936 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:946 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "La revolución digital" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:948 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1867,14 +1993,14 @@ msgstr "" "conjunto de principios y libertades:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:956 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "" "La libertad de ejecutar un programa de software de la forma en que desee, " "para cualquier propósito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:962 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1885,43 +2011,58 @@ msgstr "" "realice el cómputo como lo requiera cada quién." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." msgstr "La libertad de redistribuir copias." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:975 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“What Is Free Software?” GNU Operating System, the Free Software " +#| "Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, 2016, " +#| "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw\"/>." msgid "" -"“What Is Free Software?” GNU Operating System, the Free Software " -"Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, 2016, " -"<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw\"/>." +"<quote>What Is Free Software?</quote> GNU Operating System, the Free " +"Software Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, " +"2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw\"/>." msgstr "" +"“What Is Free Software?” GNU Operating System, el Free Software Foundation’s " +"Licensing and Compliance Lab, accesado el 30 de diciembre de 2016, <ulink " +"url=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:974 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"La libertad de distribuir a otras personas copias de versiones modificadas.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"La libertad de distribuir a otras personas copias de versiones modificadas." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:984 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." msgstr "" "Estos principios y libertades constituyen un conjunto de normas y reglas que " -"tipifican un procomún digital." +"tipifican un bien común digital." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:999 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Wikipedia, s.v. “Open-source software,” last modified November 22, 2016." msgid "" -"Wikipedia, s.v. “Open-source software,” last modified November 22, 2016." +"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open-source software,</quote> last modified November " +"22, 2016." msgstr "" +"Wikipedia, s.v. “Open-source software,” última modificación 22 de noviembre " +"de 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:988 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1946,54 +2087,65 @@ msgstr "" "clientes les gustaba la forma en que el código abierto les daba el control " "sin quedarse encerrados en tecnología privativa y cerrada. Los programas de " "código abierto y libre también generaron un efecto de red en donde el valor " -"de un producto o servicio incrementa con el número de personas usándolo.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " -"El crecimiento dramático de la misma Internet le debe mucho al hecho de que " -"nadie tenía un candado propietario sobre los protocolos centrales de " -"Internet." +"de un producto o servicio incrementa con el número de personas usándolo." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El crecimiento dramático de la " +"misma Internet le debe mucho al hecho de que nadie tenía un candado " +"propietario sobre los protocolos centrales de Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1014 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" -#| "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " -#| "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " -#| "Media, 2001. See esp. “The Magic Cauldron.” www.catb.org/esr/writings/" -#| "cathedral-bazaar/." +#| "Eric S. Raymond, “The Magic Cauldron,” in The Cathedral and the Bazaar: " +#| "Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, rev. ed. " +#| "(Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001), <ulink url=\"http://www.catb.org/" +#| "esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." msgid "" -"Eric S. Raymond, “The Magic Cauldron,” in The Cathedral and the Bazaar: " +"Eric S. Raymond, <quote>The Magic Cauldron,</quote> in The Cathedral and the " +"Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, " +"rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001), <ulink url=\"http://www." +"catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." +msgstr "" +"Eric S. Raymond, “The Magic Cauldron,” en The Cathedral and the Bazaar: " "Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, rev. ed. " "(Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001), <ulink url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/" "writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." -msgstr "" -"Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " -"Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " -"Media, 2001. See esp. “The Magic Cauldron.” www.catb.org/esr/writings/" -"cathedral-bazaar/." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1006 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " +#| "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " +#| "standards of open-source software evolved alongside organizations that " +#| "managed software code on principles of abundance rather than scarcity. " +#| "Eric Raymond’s essay “The Magic Cauldron” does a great job of analyzing " +#| "the economics and business models associated with open-source software." +#| "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> These models can provide " +#| "examples of sustainable approaches for those Made with Creative Commons." msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " "standards of open-source software evolved alongside organizations that " "managed software code on principles of abundance rather than scarcity. Eric " -"Raymond’s essay “The Magic Cauldron” does a great job of analyzing the " -"economics and business models associated with open-source software." -"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> These models can provide examples " -"of sustainable approaches for those Made with Creative Commons." +"Raymond’s essay <quote>The Magic Cauldron</quote> does a great job of " +"analyzing the economics and business models associated with open-source " +"software.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> These models can provide " +"examples of sustainable approaches for those Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" -"Al tiempo que los programas de código abierto funcionan como un procomún, " +"Al tiempo que los programas de código abierto funcionan como un bien común, " "muchos negocios y mercados se construyeron a su alrededor. Los modelos de " "negocio basados en licencias y estándares de programas de código abierto " "evolucionaron junto con organizaciones que gestionaron el código de " "programas bajo principios de abundancia en lugar de escasez. El ensayo de " "Eric Raymond «El caldero mágico» hace un gran trabajo al analizar la " "economía y los modelos de negocio asociados a los programas de código " -"abierto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Estos modelos pueden brindar ejemplos de enfoques sostenibles " -"para aquellos _Hechos con Creative Commons_." +"abierto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Estos modelos pueden " +"brindar ejemplos de enfoques sostenibles para aquellos _Hechos con Creative " +"Commons_." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:989 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1023 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -2019,23 +2171,18 @@ msgstr "" "accesarlo y usarlo sin el permiso del creador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1008 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " -#| "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " -#| "2011. www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1042 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " "2011), <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." msgstr "" -"New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " -"People Share Online? Nueva York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " -"2011. www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf." +"New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " +"People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " +"2011), <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1036 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -2047,15 +2194,16 @@ msgstr "" "definimos a nosotros mismos es compartiendo contenido valioso y entretenido. " "Hacer esto aumenta y nutre las relaciones, busca cambiar opiniones, impulsa " "a la acción e informa a otras personas acerca de quiénes somos y qué nos " -"importa. Compartir nos hace sentir más involucrados con el mundo.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"importa. Compartir nos hace sentir más involucrados con el mundo." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1050 msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "El nacimiento de Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1052 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -2074,15 +2222,23 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo creativo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1072 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“Licensing Considerations,” Creative Commons, accessed December 30, 2016, " +#| "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" +#| "considerations/\"/>." msgid "" -"“Licensing Considerations,” Creative Commons, accessed December 30, 2016, " -"<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" +"<quote>Licensing Considerations,</quote> Creative Commons, accessed December " +"30, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" "considerations/\"/>." msgstr "" +"“Licensing Considerations,” Creative Commons, último acceso el 30 de " +"diciembre de 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/" +"licensing-considerations/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1061 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -2100,20 +2256,20 @@ msgstr "" "Las licencias Creative Commons tienen un diseño de tres capas. Las normas y " "reglas de cada licencia primero son expresadas en un lenguaje legal pleno " "como el que utilizan los abogados. Esta capa se llama el código legal. Pero " -"como la mayoría de personas creadoras y usuarias no son abogados, esta " -"licencia también tiene un título del procomún, que expresa los permisos en " +"como la mayoría de quienes creadon y usan las licencias no son abogados, " +"esta licencia también tiene un título común, que expresa los permisos en " "lenguaje simple que personas regulares pueden leer y entender rápidamente. " "Este actúa como una interfaz amistosa para el usuario de la capa del código " "legal subyacente. La tercera capa es una intelegible por computadoras, que " "facilita que la Web sepa que un trabajo está licenciado bajo Creative " "Commons al expresar permisos en una forma que sistemas de software, motores " -"de búsqueda y otros tipos de tecnología puedan entender.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Tomadas en " -"conjunto, estas tres capas aseguran que creadores, usuarios e incluso la Web " -"misma entiendan las normas y reglas asociadas con contenidos digitales que " -"forman parte del procomún." +"de búsqueda y otros tipos de tecnología puedan entender.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Tomadas en conjunto, estas tres capas aseguran que " +"creadores, usuarios e incluso la Web misma entiendan las normas y reglas " +"asociadas con contenidos digitales que forman parte del bien común." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1080 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -2122,27 +2278,23 @@ msgid "" "journals, educational resources, music and other audio tracks, and videos." msgstr "" "En 2015, había más de mil millones de trabajos licenciados bajo Creative " -"Commons en un procomún global. Estos trabajos fueron vistos en lína 136 mil " -"millones de veces. Las personas están usando licencias Creative Commons " +"Commons en un bien común global. Estos trabajos fueron vistos en lína 136 " +"mil millones de veces. Las personas están usando licencias Creative Commons " "alrededor del mundo, en treinta y cuatro idiomas. Estos recursos incluyen " "fotos, trabajos artísticos, artículos de investigación en revistas, recursos " "educativos, música y otros tipos de audio y vídeos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " -#| "Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1093 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " -"Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/." +"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1088 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -2155,13 +2307,13 @@ msgstr "" "Artistas, fotógrafos, músicos y cineastas usan Creative Commons, pero " "también lo hacen museos, gobiernos, industrias creativas, fabricantes y " "editores. Millones de sitios web usan licencias CC, incluyendo importantes " -"plataformas como Wikipedia y Flickr, y otras más pequeñas como blogs.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Las " -"personas usuarias de Creative Commons son diversas y abarcan muchos sectores " -"diferentes. (Nuestros casos de estudio fueron escogidos buscando reflejar " -"esa diversidad.)" +"plataformas como Wikipedia y Flickr, y otras más pequeñas como blogs." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Las personas usuarias de Creative " +"Commons son diversas y abarcan muchos sectores diferentes. (Nuestros casos " +"de estudio fueron escogidos buscando reflejar esa diversidad.)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1101 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -2176,16 +2328,16 @@ msgstr "" "Algunas personas ven a Creative Commons como una forma de compartir un " "regalo con otras, una forma de hacerse conocidas, o una forma de brindar " "beneficio social. Otras simplemente están comprometidas a las normas " -"asociadas con un procomún. Y para algunas, la participación ha sido " +"asociadas con un bien común. Y para algunas, la participación ha sido " "estimulada por el movimiento de cultura libre, un movimiento social que " "promueve la libertad de distribuir y modificar trabajos creativos. El " -"movimiento de cultura libre ve un procomún como algo que brinda beneficios " -"significativos comparado con las leyes de derechos de autor. Este _ethos_ " -"del intercambio libre en un procomún alínea al movimiento de cultura libre " -"con el movimiento del software libre y de código abierto." +"movimiento de cultura libre ve un bien común como algo que brinda beneficios " +"significativos comparado con las leyes de derechos de autor. Esta ética del " +"intercambio libre en un bien común alínea al movimiento de cultura libre con " +"el movimiento del software libre y de código abierto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1080 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1113 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -2201,26 +2353,23 @@ msgstr "" "de forma libre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1126 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Wikipedia, s.v. “Open Government Partnership,” last modified September " +#| "24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" +#| "Open_Government_Partnership\"/>." msgid "" -"Wikipedia, s.v. “Open Government Partnership,” last modified September 24, " -"2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Government_Partnership" -"\"/>." +"Wikipedia, s.v. <quote>Open Government Partnership,</quote> last modified " +"September 24, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" +"Open_Government_Partnership\"/>." msgstr "" +"Wikipedia, s.v. “Open Government Partnership,” última modificación el 24 de " +"setiembre de 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/" +"Open_Government_Partnership\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1088 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " -#| "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " -#| "platform for governments to become more open, accountable, and responsive " -#| "to citizens. Since then, it has grown from eight participating countries " -#| "to seventy.22 In all these countries, government and civil society are " -#| "working together to develop and implement ambitious open-government " -#| "reforms. Governments are increasingly adopting Creative Commons to ensure " -#| "works funded with taxpayer dollars are open and free to the public that " -#| "paid for them." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1121 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -2233,49 +2382,34 @@ msgid "" "free to the public that paid for them." msgstr "" "El Estado está involucrándose cada vez más en apoyar los movimientos " -"abiertos. La Asociación de Gobierno Abierto (_Open Government Partnership_) " +"abiertos. La Asociación de Gobierno Abierto («Open Government Partnership») " "fue lanzada en 2011 para brindar una plataforma internacional para que los " "gobiernos se vuelvan más abiertos, que rindan mejor cuentas y den una " "respuesta más oportuna a sus ciudadanos. Desde entonces ha crecido de ocho " -"países participantes a setenta. 22 En todos estos países, el gobierno y la " -"sociedad civil están trabajando juntos para desarrollar e implementar " -"reformas ambiciosas de gobierno abierto. Los gobiernos están adoptando " -"Creative Commons cada vez más para asegurar que los trabajos financiados con " -"dinero de los contribuyentes sean abiertos y libres para el público que pagó " -"por ellos." +"países participantes a setenta.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> En " +"todos estos países, el gobierno y la sociedad civil están trabajando juntos " +"para desarrollar e implementar reformas ambiciosas de gobierno abierto. Los " +"gobiernos están adoptando Creative Commons cada vez más para asegurar que " +"los trabajos financiados con dinero de los contribuyentes sean abiertos y " +"libres para el público que pagó por ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1137 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "El mercado cambiante" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1112 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1145 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Capra y Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1120 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Ibid., 15." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1153 msgid "Ibid., 116." -msgstr "Ibid., 15." +msgstr "Ibid., 116." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1106 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " -#| "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and " -#| "corporate growth. A perception that the market is more efficient than the " -#| "state has led to continual privatization of many public natural " -#| "resources, utilities, services, and infrastructures.23 While this system " -#| "has been highly efficient at generating consumerism and the growth of " -#| "gross domestic product, the impact on human well-being has been mixed. " -#| "Offsetting rising living standards and improvements to health and " -#| "education are ever-increasing wealth inequality, social inequality, " -#| "poverty, deterioration of our natural environment, and breakdowns of " -#| "democracy.24" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1139 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -2294,23 +2428,32 @@ msgstr "" "extracción, privatización y el crecimiento corporativo. Una percepción de " "que el mercado es más eficiente que el Estado ha llevado a la continua " "privatización de muchos recursos naturales, utilidades, servicios e " -"infraestructura pública.23 Mientras este sistema ha sido altamente eficiente " -"para generar consumismo y un crecimiento en el producto interno bruto, el " -"impacto en el bienestar humano ha sido mixto. Contrarrestando los crecientes " -"estándares de vida y las mejoras en salud y educación, están las siempre " -"crecientes desigualdad social, pobreza, deterioro de nuestro ambiente " -"natural, y los rompimientos de la democracia.24" +"infraestructura pública.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Mientras " +"este sistema ha sido altamente eficiente para generar consumismo y un " +"crecimiento en el producto interno bruto, el impacto en el bienestar humano " +"ha sido mixto. Contrarrestando los crecientes estándares de vida y las " +"mejoras en salud y educación, están las siempre crecientes desigualdad " +"social, pobreza, deterioro de nuestro ambiente natural, y los rompimientos " +"de la democracia.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, “Stockholm " +#| "Statement” accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" +#| "globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\"/>" msgid "" -"The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, “Stockholm " -"Statement” accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" +"The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, <quote>Stockholm " +"Statement</quote> accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" "globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" +"La Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, “Stockholm " +"Statement” último acceso el 15 de febrero de 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida." +"se/globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1157 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -2322,18 +2465,11 @@ msgstr "" "crecimiento del PIB no debe ser un fin en si mismo, que el desarrollo " "necesita ser inclusivo social y económicamente, que la sostenibilidad " "ambiental es un requisito y no una opción, y que necesitamos balancear mejor " -"el mercado, el Estado y la comunidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"el mercado, el Estado y la comunidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +">" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the " -#| "City for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " -#| "(LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons). Bologna, Italy: City of " -#| "Bologna, 2014). www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-" -#| "Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-" -#| "and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1175 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -2345,63 +2481,64 @@ msgstr "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated por LabGov " "(LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons). Bologna, Italia: Ciudad de " -"Boloña, 2014). www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-" -"on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-" -"of-urban-commons1.pdf." +"Boloña, 2014), <ulink url=\"http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/" +"Bologna-Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-" +"cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1185 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" "amsterdam-sharing-city/\"/>." msgstr "" +"El sitio web de Seoul Sharing City es <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr" +"\"/>; para Amsterdam Sharing City, vaya a <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" +"amsterdam-sharing-city/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1170 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as " #| "a means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, " #| "are collaborating with their citizens to put in place regulations for the " -#| "care and regeneration of urban commons.26 Seoul and Amsterdam call " -#| "themselves “sharing cities,” looking to make sustainable and more " -#| "efficient use of scarce resources. They see sharing as a way to improve " -#| "the use of public spaces, mobility, social cohesion, and safety.27" +#| "care and regeneration of urban commons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +#| "\"0\"/> Seoul and Amsterdam call themselves “sharing cities,” looking to " +#| "make sustainable and more efficient use of scarce resources. They see " +#| "sharing as a way to improve the use of public spaces, mobility, social " +#| "cohesion, and safety.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " "collaborating with their citizens to put in place regulations for the care " "and regeneration of urban commons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " -"Seoul and Amsterdam call themselves “sharing cities,” looking to make " -"sustainable and more efficient use of scarce resources. They see sharing as " -"a way to improve the use of public spaces, mobility, social cohesion, and " -"safety.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" -msgstr "" -"Estas revelaciones ha llevado a un resurgimiento de interés en el procomún " -"como una forma de hacer posible ese balance. Gobiernos de ciudades como " -"Bolonia, Italia, están colaborando con sus ciudadanos para establecer " -"regulaciones para el cuidado y regeneración del procomún urbano.26 Seúl y " -"Amsterdam se llaman a si mismas «ciudades compartidas», buscando hacerse " -"sostenibles y más eficientes en el uso de recursos escasos. Ellas ven el " -"compartir como una forma de mejorar el uso de los espacios públicos, la " -"movilidad, la cohesión social y la seguridad.27" +"Seoul and Amsterdam call themselves <quote>sharing cities,</quote> looking " +"to make sustainable and more efficient use of scarce resources. They see " +"sharing as a way to improve the use of public spaces, mobility, social " +"cohesion, and safety.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +msgstr "" +"Estas revelaciones ha llevado a un resurgimiento de interés en el los bienes " +"comunes como una forma de hacer posible ese balance. Gobiernos de ciudades " +"como Bolonia, Italia, están colaborando con sus ciudadanos para establecer " +"regulaciones para el cuidado y regeneración de los bienes comunes urbano." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Seúl y Amsterdam se llaman a si " +"mismas «ciudades compartidas», buscando hacerse sostenibles y más eficientes " +"en el uso de recursos escasos. Ellas ven el compartir como una forma de " +"mejorar el uso de los espacios públicos, la movilidad, la cohesión social y " +"la seguridad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1168 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: " -#| "OR Books, 2015." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1202 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." msgstr "" -"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. Nueva York: OR " -"Books, 2015." +"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (Nueva York: OR " +"Books, 2015), 42." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1192 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -2423,38 +2560,34 @@ msgstr "" "negocios como Airbnb brindando un mercado de pares para alojamiento a corto " "plazo, y Uber brindando una plataforma para viajes compartidos. Sin embargo, " "Airbnb y Uber aún operan mayoritariamente bajo las normas y reglas usuales " -"del mercado, haciéndolas menos como un procomún y más como un negocio " -"tradicional que busca ganancias financieras. En buena medida, la economía " -"compartida no se trata del procomún o sobre construir una alternativa a la " -"economía de mercado dirigida por corporaciones, sino que de extender el " -"libre mercado desregulado hacia nuevas áreas de nuestras vidas.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Aunque " -"ninguna de las personas que entrevistamos en nuestros casos de estudio se " -"describirían a ellas mismas como parte de una economía compartida, de hecho " -"hay algunos paralelismos importantes. Tanto la economía compartida como en " -"el procomún hacen un mejor uso de la capacidad de activos. La economía " -"compartida ve a las residencias peronales y autos como algo que tiene una " -"capacidad latente sobrante con valor para alquiler. El acceso equitativo del " -"procomún amplía y diversifica el número de personas que pueden usar y " -"derivar valor de un activo." +"del mercado, lo cual las coloca menos como un bien común, y más como un " +"negocio tradicional que busca ganancias financieras. En buena medida, la " +"economía compartida no se trata de bienes comunes o de cómo construir una " +"alternativa a la economía de mercado dirigida por corporaciones, sino que de " +"extender el libre mercado desregulado hacia nuevas áreas de nuestras vidas." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Aunque ninguna de las personas que " +"entrevistamos en nuestros casos de estudio se describirían a ellas mismas " +"como parte de una economía compartida, de hecho hay algunos paralelismos " +"importantes. Tanto la economía compartida como los bienes comunes hacen un " +"mejor uso de la capacidad de activos. La economía compartida ve a las " +"residencias peronales y autos como algo que tiene una capacidad latente " +"sobrante con valor para alquiler. El acceso equitativo del bien común amplía " +"y diversifica el número de personas que pueden usar y derivar valor de un " +"activo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1190 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " -#| "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, " -#| "2010), 224." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1224 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " "2010), 78." msgstr "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " -"Something for Nothing, nueva impresión con un nuevo prefacio (New York: " -"Hyperion, 2010), 224." +"Something for Nothing. Nueva impresión con un nuevo prefacio. (New York: " +"Hyperion, 2010), 78." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1214 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -2479,7 +2612,7 @@ msgstr "" "a cero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1230 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -2492,36 +2625,31 @@ msgid "" "people as possible. Maximizing access and participation is a common goal. " "They aim for abundance over scarcity." msgstr "" -"Los que están _Hechos con Creative Commons_ están buscando apalancarse con " -"las características inherentes únicas de los recursos digitales, incluyendo " -"la reducción de costos. El uso de tecnologías de gestión de derechos " -"digitales en forma de bloqueos, contraseñas y controles que previenen que " -"los bienes digitales sean accesados, cambiados, replicados y distribuidos es " -"mínimo o inexistente. En su lugar, las licencias de Creative Commons son " -"usadas para llevar contenidos digitales al procomún, tomando ventaja de las " -"características económicas únicas derivadas del ser digital. El propósito es " -"ver que los recursos digitales sean usados tan ampliamente y por tantas " -"personas como sea posible. Maximizar el acceso y la participación son " -"objetivos comunes. El propósito es la abundancia sobre la escasez." +"Los que están _Hechos con Creative Commons_ están buscando impulsarse " +"utilizando las características inherentes únicas de los recursos digitales, " +"incluyendo la reducción de costos. El uso de tecnologías de gestión de " +"derechos digitales en forma de bloqueos, contraseñas y controles que " +"previenen que los bienes digitales sean accesados, modificados, replicados y " +"distribuidos es mínimo o inexistente. En su lugar, las licencias de Creative " +"Commons son usadas para llevar contenidos digitales al bien común, tomando " +"ventaja de las características económicas únicas derivadas del ser digital. " +"El propósito es ver que los recursos digitales sean usados tan ampliamente y " +"por tantas personas como sea posible. Maximizar el acceso y la participación " +"son objetivos comunes. El propósito es la abundancia sobre la escasez." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1215 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, " -#| "the Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: " -#| "Palgrave Macmillan, 2014." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1249 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " "Macmillan, 2014), 273." msgstr "" -"Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " -"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. Nueva York: Palgrave " -"Macmillan, 2014." +"Jeremy Rifkin. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " +"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (Nueva York: Palgrave " +"Macmillan, 2014) , 273." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1244 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -2534,12 +2662,13 @@ msgstr "" "El costo incremental de almacenar, copiar y distribuir bienes digitales es " "cercano a cero, lo que hace la abundancia posible. Pero imaginar un mercado " "basado en la abundancia en lugar de en la escasez es tan extraño para la " -"forma en que concebimos la teoría y la práctica económica que cuesta " -"hacerlo.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Los que están _Hechos con Creative Commons_ son cada uno pioneros " -"en este nuevo paisaje, ideando sus propios modelos y prácticas económicas." +"forma en que concebimos la teoría y la práctica económica que cuesta hacerlo." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Los que están _Hechos con Creative " +"Commons_ son cada uno pioneros en este nuevo paisaje, ideando sus propios " +"modelos y prácticas económicas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1257 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -2553,49 +2682,27 @@ msgstr "" "opera el mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1237 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next " -#| "American Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-" -#| "Sustaining Economy from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea " -#| "Green, 2013." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " "from the Ground Up (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013), 39." msgstr "" -"Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " -"Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " -"from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013." +"Gar Alperovitz. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " +"Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " +"from the Ground Up (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013), 39." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1246 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " -#| "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1280 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." msgstr "" -"Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " -"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" +"Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " +"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1230 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its " -#| "operations is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that " -#| "financially benefit stockholders. But new forms of business are emerging. " -#| "There are benefit corporations and social enterprises, which broaden " -#| "their business goals from making a profit to making a positive impact on " -#| "society, workers, the community, and the environment.31 Community-owned " -#| "businesses, worker-owned businesses, cooperatives, guilds, and other " -#| "organizational forms offer alternatives to the traditional corporation. " -#| "Collectively, these alternative market entities are changing the rules " -#| "and norms of the market.32" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1264 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -2614,37 +2721,41 @@ msgstr "" "nuevas formas de negocios. Existen las corporaciones de beneficencia y las " "empresas sociales, que amplían sus objetivos de negocios de generar ingresos " "a hacer un impacto positivo en la sociedad, trabajadores, la comunidad y el " -"ambiente.31 Los negocios que son propiedad de la comunidad, propiedad de " -"trabajadores, cooperativas, gremios, y otras formas organizacionales ofrecen " -"alternativas a la corporación tradicional. De forma colectiva, estas " -"entidades alternativas de mercado están cambiando las reglas y normas del " -"mercado.32" +"ambiente.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Los negocios que son " +"propiedad de la comunidad, propiedad de trabajadores, cooperativas, gremios, " +"y otras formas organizacionales ofrecen alternativas a la corporación " +"tradicional. De forma colectiva, estas entidades alternativas de mercado " +"están cambiando las reglas y normas del mercado.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +"\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1259 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, " -#| "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at " -#| "strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1292 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" "\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." msgstr "" -"Alex Osterwalder & Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " -"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. Una previsualización del libro está " -"disponible en: strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation." +"Alex Osterwalder e Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " +"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). Puede consultarse una previsualización del libro " +"en <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1252 -msgid "" -"“A book on open business models” is how we described it in this book’s " -"Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model Generation as " -"our reference for defining just what a business model is. Developed over " -"nine years using an “open process” involving 470 coauthors from forty-five " -"countries, it is useful as a framework for talking about business models." -"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1285 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“A book on open business models” is how we described it in this book’s " +#| "Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model Generation " +#| "as our reference for defining just what a business model is. Developed " +#| "over nine years using an “open process” involving 470 coauthors from " +#| "forty-five countries, it is useful as a framework for talking about " +#| "business models.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +msgid "" +"<quote>A book on open business models</quote> is how we described it in this " +"book’s Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model " +"Generation as our reference for defining just what a business model is. " +"Developed over nine years using an <quote>open process</quote> involving 470 " +"coauthors from forty-five countries, it is useful as a framework for talking " +"about business models.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "«Un libro acerca de modelos abiertos de negocio» es lo que describimos en la " "campaña de Kickstarter para este libro. Utilizamos un manual llamado " @@ -2655,59 +2766,79 @@ msgstr "" "negocios.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1302 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." msgstr "" +"El lienzo de modelo de negocio está disponible para descarga en <ulink url=" +"\"http://strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1276 -msgid "" -"We’ve made the “Open Business Model Canvas,” designed by the coauthor Paul " -"Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/" -"d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit\"/>. You can also find " -"the accompanying Open Business Model Canvas Questions at <ulink url=\"http://" -"docs.google.com/drawings/d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit" -"\"/>." -msgstr "" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1310 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "We’ve made the “Open Business Model Canvas,” designed by the coauthor " +#| "Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google.com/" +#| "drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit\"/>. You " +#| "can also find the accompanying Open Business Model Canvas Questions at " +#| "<ulink url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/" +#| "d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit\"/>." +msgid "" +"We’ve made the <quote>Open Business Model Canvas,</quote> designed by the " +"coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." +"com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit\"/>. You " +"can also find the accompanying Open Business Model Canvas Questions at " +"<ulink url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/" +"d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit\"/>." +msgstr "" +"Hemos puesto el “Lienzo de modelo de negocio abierto,” diseñado por el " +"coautor Paul Stacey, disponible en línea en <ulink url=\"http://docs.google." +"com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit\"/>. Puede " +"encontrar las Preguntas del lienzo de modelo de negocio abierto que lo " +"acompañan en <ulink url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/" +"d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "It contains a “business model canvas,” which conceives of a business " -#| "model as having nine building blocks.34 This blank canvas can serve as a " -#| "tool for anyone to design their own business model. We remixed this " -#| "business model canvas into an open business model canvas, adding three " -#| "more building blocks relevant to hybrid market, commons enterprises: " -#| "social good, Creative Commons license, and “type of open environment that " -#| "the business fits in.”35 This enhanced canvas proved useful when we " -#| "analyzed businesses and helped start-ups plan their economic model." -msgid "" -"It contains a “business model canvas,” which conceives of a business model " -"as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " -"This blank canvas can serve as a tool for anyone to design their own " -"business model. We remixed this business model canvas into an open business " -"model canvas, adding three more building blocks relevant to hybrid market, " -"commons enterprises: social good, Creative Commons license, and “type of " -"open environment that the business fits in.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"1\"/> This enhanced canvas proved useful when we analyzed businesses " -"and helped start-ups plan their economic model." +#| "model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +#| "\"0\"/> This blank canvas can serve as a tool for anyone to design their " +#| "own business model. We remixed this business model canvas into an open " +#| "business model canvas, adding three more building blocks relevant to " +#| "hybrid market, commons enterprises: social good, Creative Commons " +#| "license, and “type of open environment that the business fits " +#| "in.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> This enhanced canvas proved " +#| "useful when we analyzed businesses and helped start-ups plan their " +#| "economic model." +msgid "" +"It contains a <quote>business model canvas,</quote> which conceives of a " +"business model as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/> This blank canvas can serve as a tool for anyone to design their " +"own business model. We remixed this business model canvas into an open " +"business model canvas, adding three more building blocks relevant to hybrid " +"market, commons enterprises: social good, Creative Commons license, and " +"<quote>type of open environment that the business fits in.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> This enhanced canvas proved " +"useful when we analyzed businesses and helped start-ups plan their economic " +"model." msgstr "" "Contiene un «lienzo de modelo de negocios,» que concibe un modelo de " -"negocios como algo que tiene nueve bloques de construcción.34 Este lienzo en " -"blanco puede servir como una herramienta para que cualquier persona diseñe " -"su propio modelo de negocios. Nosotros lo remezclamos en un lienzo de modelo " -"de negocios abierto, agregando tres bloques de construcción más, relevantes " -"para empresas del procomún en el mercado híbrido: Bien social, licencia " +"negocios como algo que tiene nueve bloques de construcción.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Este lienzo en blanco puede servir como una " +"herramienta para que cualquier persona diseñe su propio modelo de negocios. " +"Nosotros lo remezclamos, convirtiéndolo en un lienzo de modelo de negocios " +"abierto, agregando tres bloques de construcción más, relevantes para " +"empresas de los bienes comunes en el mercado híbrido: Bien social, licencia " "Creative Commons, y «tipo de ambiente abierto en el que el negocio " -"encaja.»35 Este lienzo mejorado demostró ser útil cuando analizamos los " -"negocios y ayudamos a las empresas de nueva creación a planear su modelo " -"económico." +"encaja.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Este lienzo mejorado " +"demostró ser útil cuando analizamos los negocios y ayudamos a las empresas " +"de nueva creación a planear su modelo económico." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1320 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -2722,28 +2853,63 @@ msgstr "" "En nuestras entrevistas a los casos de estudio, muchas personas expresaron " "incomodidad al describirse a sí mismas como un modelo de negocios abierto —" "el término _modelo de negocios_ sugería estar principalmente situadas en el " -"mercado. En dónde cada quién se siente en el espectro que va entre el " -"procomún y el mercado afecta hasta dónde se ve a sí mismo en el mercado. " -"Entre más central para la misión sean los valores de recursos compartidos y " -"el procomún, menos comodidad habrá al autodescribirse, o describir lo que " -"hace, como un negocio. No todas las personas que tienen esfuerzos _Hechos " -"con Creative Commons_ usan un lenguaje de negocios; para algunas el proceso " -"ha sido experimental, emergente y orgánico, en lugar de ser planeado " -"cuidadosamente usando un modelo predefinido." +"mercado. En dónde cada quién se siente en el espectro que va entre los " +"bienes comunes y el mercado afecta hasta dónde se ve a sí mismo en el " +"mercado. Entre más central para la misión sean los valores de recursos " +"compartidos y el bien común, menos comodidad habrá al autodescribirse, o " +"describir lo que hace, como un negocio. No todas las personas que tienen " +"esfuerzos _Hechos con Creative Commons_ usan un lenguaje de negocios; para " +"algunas el proceso ha sido experimental, emergente y orgánico, en lugar de " +"ser planeado cuidadosamente usando un modelo predefinido." + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1342 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " +#| "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. “What Is an Open Business Model and How " +#| "Can You Generate Revenue?”, available at <ulink url=\"http://medium.com/" +#| "made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-" +#| "generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>." +msgid "" +"A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " +"wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. <quote>What Is an Open Business Model and " +"How Can You Generate Revenue?</quote>, available at <ulink url=\"http://" +"medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-" +"can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>." +msgstr "" +"En la columna que publiqué en Medium el 6 de marzo de 2016, ”¿Qué es un " +"modelo de negocios abierto y cómo puedes generar ganancias?”, se presenta " +"una lista más comprehensiva de diferentes maneras de obtener ganancias. Está " +"disponible en <ulink url=\"http://medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-" +"is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1333 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with " +#| "the market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is " +#| "done vary widely. Donations, pay what you can, memberships, “digital for " +#| "free but physical for a fee,” crowdfunding, matchmaking, value-add " +#| "services, patrons . . . the list goes on and on. (Initial description of " +#| "how to earn revenue available through reference note. For latest thinking " +#| "see How to Bring In Money in the next section.)<placeholder type=" +#| "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> There is no single magic bullet, and each " +#| "endeavor has devised ways that work for them. Most make use of more than " +#| "one way. Diversifying revenue streams lowers risk and provides multiple " +#| "paths to sustainability." msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " -"widely. Donations, pay what you can, memberships, “digital for free but " -"physical for a fee,” crowdfunding, matchmaking, value-add services, " -"patrons . . . the list goes on and on. (Initial description of how to earn " -"revenue available through reference note. For latest thinking see How to " -"Bring In Money in the next section.) 36 There is no single magic bullet, and " -"each endeavor has devised ways that work for them. Most make use of more " -"than one way. Diversifying revenue streams lowers risk and provides multiple " -"paths to sustainability." +"widely. Donations, pay what you can, memberships, <quote>digital for free " +"but physical for a fee,</quote> crowdfunding, matchmaking, value-add " +"services, patrons . . . the list goes on and on. (Initial description of how " +"to earn revenue available through reference note. For latest thinking see " +"How to Bring In Money in the next section.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> There is no single magic bullet, and each endeavor has devised ways " +"that work for them. Most make use of more than one way. Diversifying revenue " +"streams lowers risk and provides multiple paths to sustainability." msgstr "" "Los creadores, negocios y organizaciones que perfilamos, participan en el " "mercado para generar ingresos de alguna forma. Las formas en las que esto se " @@ -2752,32 +2918,33 @@ msgstr "" "emparejamiento, servicios de valor agregado, mecenas… la lista sigue y " "sigue. (Una descripción inicial de cómo ganar ingresos está disponible a " "través de una nota de referencia. Para las ideas más recientes, sugerimos " -"referirse a _Cómo atraer dinero_ en la siguiente sección).36 No hay una " -"única fórmula mágica, y cada esfuerzo ha ideado mecanismos que les " -"funcionan. Muchos utilizan más de uno de dichos mecanismos. Diversificar los " -"flujos de ingresos reduce el riesgo y ofrece múltiples caminos hacia la " -"sostenibilidad." +"referirse a _Cómo atraer dinero_ en la siguiente sección).<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> No hay una única fórmula mágica, y cada esfuerzo ha " +"ideado mecanismos que les funcionan. Muchos utilizan más de uno de dichos " +"mecanismos. Diversificar los flujos de ingresos reduce el riesgo y ofrece " +"múltiples caminos hacia la sostenibilidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1354 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" -msgstr "Beneficios del procomún digital" +msgstr "Beneficios del bien común digital" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1315 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1356 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " "why the market would engage with the commons. The digital commons offers " "many benefits." msgstr "" -"Mientras puede parecer claro por qué las organizaciones basadas en el " -"procomún quieren interactuar e involucrarse con el mercado (necesitan dinero " -"para sobrevivir), puede ser menos obvio por qué el mercado podría " -"involucrarse con el procomún. El procomún digital ofrece muchos beneficios." +"Mientras puede parecer claro por qué las organizaciones basadas en los " +"bienes comunes quieren interactuar e involucrarse con el mercado (necesitan " +"dinero para sobrevivir), puede ser menos obvio por qué el mercado podría " +"involucrarse con los bienes comunes. Los bienes comunes digitales ofrecen " +"muchos beneficios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1362 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -2785,15 +2952,16 @@ msgid "" "to. Those that are Made with Creative Commons have a reduced need for sales " "or marketing. Decentralized distribution amplifies supply and know-how." msgstr "" -"El procomún acelera la diseminación. El flujo libre de los recursos en el " -"procomún ofrece tremendas economías de escala. La distribución es " -"descentralizado, con todas aquellas personas en el procomún empoderadas para " -"compartir los recursos a los que tienen acceso. Aquellos que están Hechos " -"con Creative Commons tienen una necesidad reducida de ventas o mercadeo. La " -"distribución descentralizada amplifica el suministro y la experiencia." +"Los bienes comunes aceleran la diseminación. El flujo libre de los recursos " +"en un bien común ofrece tremendas economías de escala. La distribución es " +"descentralizado, con todas aquellas personas en el bien común empoderadas " +"para compartir los recursos a los que tienen acceso. Aquellos que están " +"Hechos con Creative Commons tienen una necesidad reducida de ventas o " +"mercadeo. La distribución descentralizada amplifica el suministro y la " +"experiencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1371 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -2805,20 +2973,20 @@ msgid "" "commons provides access to everyone levels the playing field and promotes " "inclusiveness, equity, and fairness." msgstr "" -"El procomún asegura el acceso para todas las personas. El mercado ha operado " +"Los bienes comunes aseguran el acceso para todos. El mercado ha operado " "tradicionalmente poniendo recursos detrás de un muro de pagos, que requiere " -"pagar primero antes del acceso. El procomún pone los recursos al " +"pagar primero antes del acceso. Los bienes comunes ponen los recursos al " "descubierto, brindando acceso por adelantado sin pago. Los que están Hechos " "con Creative Commons hacen poco o ningún uso de la gestión de derechos " "digitales (DRM, por sus siglas en Inglés) para gestionar recursos. No usar " "DRM los libera de los costos de adquirir tecnología de DRM y recursos de " "personal para involucrarse en las prácticas punitivas asociadas con la " -"restricción del acceso. La forma en la que el procomún brinda acceso a todas " -"las personas nivela el campo de juego y promueve la inclusividad, equidad y " -"justicia." +"restricción del acceso. La forma en la que el los bienes comunes brindan " +"acceso a todas las personas nivela el campo de juego y promueve la " +"inclusividad, equidad y justicia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1384 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -2830,47 +2998,31 @@ msgid "" "people to directly participate in culture, knowledge building, and even " "democracy, and many other socially beneficial practices." msgstr "" -"El procomún maximiza la participación. Los recursos en el procomún pueden " -"ser usados por todas las personas, y estas pueden contribuir. Usar los " -"recursos de otros, contribuir los suyos propios, y mezclar los suyos con " +"Los bienes comunes maximizan la participación. Los recursos en un bien común " +"pueden ser usados por todas las personas, y estas pueden contribuir. Usar " +"los recursos de otros, contribuir los suyos propios, y mezclar los suyos con " "otros para crear nuevos trabajos son todas formas dinámicas de participación " -"posibles gracias al procomún. Ser Hechos con Creative Commons significa que " -"usted está involucrando tantos usuarios de sus recursos como es posible. Los " -"usuarios también están creando, editando, remezclando, curando, haciendo " -"localizaciones, traduciendo y distribuyendo. El procomún hace posible que " +"posibles gracias al bien común. Ser Hechos con Creative Commons significa " +"que usted está involucrando tantos usuarios de sus recursos como es posible. " +"Los usuarios también están creando, editando, remezclando, curando, haciendo " +"localizaciones, traduciendo y distribuyendo. El bien común hace posible que " "las personas puedan participar de forma directa en la construcción de " "cultura y conocimiento, e incluso en la democracia y muchas otras practicas " "que benefician a la sociedad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1365 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " -#| "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1406 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" "44." msgstr "" -"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " -"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." +"Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " +"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" +"44." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1356 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who " -#| "can use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be " -#| "modified, customized, and improved results in derivative works never " -#| "imagined by the original creator. Some endeavors that are Made with " -#| "Creative Commons deliberately encourage users to take the resources being " -#| "shared and innovate them. Doing so moves research and development (R&D) " -#| "from being solely inside the organization to being in the community.37 " -#| "Community-based innovation will keep an organization or business on its " -#| "toes. It must continue to contribute new ideas, absorb and build on top " -#| "of the innovations of others, and steward the resources and the " -#| "relationship with the community." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1397 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -2884,21 +3036,22 @@ msgid "" "and build on top of the innovations of others, and steward the resources and " "the relationship with the community." msgstr "" -"El procomún estimula la innovación. Los recursos en manos de más personas " -"que los pueden usar llevan a nuevas ideas. La forma en que los recursos del " -"procomún pueden ser modificados, personalizados y mejorados resulta en " -"trabajos derivados nunca imaginados por el creador original. Algunos " -"esfuerzos que están Hechos con Creative Commons, de forma deliberada " +"Los bienes comunes estimulan la innovación. Los recursos en manos de más " +"personas que los pueden usar llevan a nuevas ideas. La forma en que los " +"recursos del bien común pueden ser modificados, personalizados y mejorados " +"resulta en trabajos derivados nunca imaginados por el creador original. " +"Algunos esfuerzos que están Hechos con Creative Commons, de forma deliberada " "promueven que las personas usuarias tomen los recursos que están siendo " "compartidos, e innovar con estos. Hacer esto mueve la investigación y " -"desarrollo (I&D) de estar únicamente dentro de la organización a estar en la " -"acomunidad.37 La innovación basada en la comunidad mantendrá una " -"organización o negocio alerta. Esta debe continuar contribuyendo nuevas " -"ideas, absorbiendo y construyendo sobre las innovaciones de otras personas, " -"y supervisar los recursos y la relación con la comunidad." +"desarrollo (I&D) de estar únicamente dentro de la organización a estar " +"en la comunidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> La innovación " +"basada en la comunidad mantendrá una organización o negocio alerta. Esta " +"debe continuar contribuyendo nuevas ideas, absorbiendo y construyendo sobre " +"las innovaciones de otras personas, y supervisar los recursos y la relación " +"con la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1415 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -2910,19 +3063,19 @@ msgid "" "digital commons magnifies impact by connecting creators to those who use and " "build on their work both locally and globally." msgstr "" -"El procomún impulsa el alcance e impacto. El procomún digital es global. Los " -"recursos pueden ser creados por una necesidad local o regional, pero van por " -"todas partes generando un impacto global. En el mundo digital, no hay " -"fronteras entre países. Cuando algo es _Hecho con Creative Commons_, por lo " -"general es local y global al mismo tiempo: Diseños digitales siendo " -"distribuidos globalmente pero manufacturados localmente. Libros o música " -"digital siendo distribuida globalmente, pero lecturas y conciertos " -"realizados localmente. El procomún digital magnifica el impacto al conectar " -"personas creadoras con quienes usan y construyen sobre su trabajo tanto " -"local como globalmente." +"Los bienes comunes impulsan el alcance y el impacto. Los bienes digitales " +"son globales. Los recursos pueden ser creados por una necesidad local o " +"regional, pero van por todas partes generando un impacto global. En el mundo " +"digital, no hay fronteras entre países. Cuando algo es _Hecho con Creative " +"Commons_, por lo general es local y global al mismo tiempo: Diseños " +"digitales siendo distribuidos globalmente pero manufacturados localmente. " +"Libros o música digital siendo distribuida globalmente, pero lecturas y " +"conciertos realizados localmente. El bien común digital magnifica el impacto " +"al conectar personas creadoras con quienes usan y construyen sobre su " +"trabajo tanto local como globalmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1428 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -2935,19 +3088,19 @@ msgid "" "financial terms. Each new resource added to the commons provides value to " "the public and contributes to the overall value of the commons." msgstr "" -"El procomún es generativo. En lugar de extraer valor, el procomún agrega " -"valor. Los recursos digitalizados persisten sin agotarse, y a través del uso " -"son mejorados, personalizados y localizados. Cada uso agrega valor. El " -"mercado se enfoca en generar valor para el negocio y el cliente. El procomún " -"genera valor para un rango más amplio de beneficiarios, incluyendo negocios, " -"el cliente, la persona creadora, el público y el mismo procomún. La " -"naturaleza generativa del procomún significa que es más económico y que " +"Los bienes comunes son generativos. En lugar de extraer valor, el bien común " +"agrega valor. Los recursos digitalizados persisten sin agotarse, y a través " +"del uso son mejorados, personalizados y localizados. Cada uso agrega valor. " +"El mercado se enfoca en generar valor para el negocio y el cliente. El bien " +"común genera valor para un rango más amplio de beneficiarios, incluyendo " +"negocios, el cliente, la persona creadora, el público y el mismo bien común. " +"La naturaleza generativa del bien común significa que es más económico y que " "produce un mayor retorno de la inversión. El valor no se mide solo en " -"términos financieros. Cada nuevo recurso agregado al procomún brinda valor " -"al público y contribuye al valor del procomún en su totalidad." +"términos financieros. Cada nuevo recurso agregado al bien común brinda valor " +"al público y contribuye al valor del bien común en su totalidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1442 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -2961,39 +3114,39 @@ msgid "" "connections with those who use and improve them. By functioning on the basis " "of social engagement, not monetary exchange, the commons unifies people." msgstr "" -"El procomún reúne a las personas en una causa común. El procomún confiere a " -"las personas directamente la responsabilidad de gestionar los recursos por " -"el bien común. Los costos y beneficios para el individuo están balanceados " -"con los costos y beneficios de la comunidad y para futuras generaciones. Los " +"Los bienes comunes reúnen a las personas en una causa común. Confieren a las " +"personas directamente la responsabilidad de gestionar los recursos por el " +"bien común. Los costos y beneficios para el individuo están balanceados con " +"los costos y beneficios de la comunidad y para futuras generaciones. Los " "recursos no son anónimos ni producidos en masa. Su procedencia es conocida y " "reconocida a través de la atribución y otros medios. Aquellos Hechos con " "Creative Commons generan conciencia y reputación con base en sus " -"contribuciones al procomún. El alcance, impacto y sostenibilidad de esas " +"contribuciones al bien común. El alcance, impacto y sostenibilidad de esas " "contribuciones descansa en gran medida en su habilidad para forjar " "relaciones y conexiones con quienes las usan y mejoran. Al funcionar en la " -"base de un compromiso social, no en un intercambio monetario, el procomún " +"base de un compromiso social, no en un intercambio monetario, el bien común " "unifica a las personas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1457 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " "enterprises, choosing to manage resources as a commons ought to be the " "option of choice." msgstr "" -"Los beneficios del procomún son muchos. cuando estos beneficios se alinean " -"con objetivos de individuos, comunidades, negocios en el mercado, o empresas " -"del Estado, escoger la gestión de recursos como un procomún debe ser la " -"opción favorecida." +"Los beneficios de los bienes comunes son muchos. cuando estos beneficios se " +"alinean con objetivos de individuos, comunidades, negocios en el mercado, o " +"empresas del Estado, escoger la gestión de recursos como un bien común debe " +"ser la opción favorecida." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1464 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "Nuestros casos de estudio" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -3016,7 +3169,7 @@ msgstr "" "final." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1478 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -3032,7 +3185,7 @@ msgstr "" "sostenible es la empresa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1486 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -3051,7 +3204,7 @@ msgstr "" "físicos. Otros nacen digitales pero pueden convertirse en recursos físicos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1496 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -3067,7 +3220,7 @@ msgstr "" "monetarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1504 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -3075,12 +3228,12 @@ msgid "" "global community is conducive to success." msgstr "" "Y como personas usuarias de licencias Creative Commons, estas forman parte " -"de forma automática de un procomún global. El nuevo procomún digital es " +"de forma automática de un bien común global. El nuevo bien común digital es " "global. Quienes perfilamos provienen de casi cada continente del mundo. " "Construir e interactuar en esta comunidad global conduce al éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1511 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -3094,19 +3247,19 @@ msgid "" "commons." msgstr "" "Las licencias Creative Commons pueden expresar reglas legales alrededor del " -"uso de recursos en un procomún, pero el éxito en el procomún requiere más " -"que seguir las palabras de la ley y adquirir medios financieros. Cada vez " -"más oímos en nuestras entrevistas cómo el éxito y la sostenibilidad están " -"ligados a un conjunto de creencias, valores y principios que están debajo de " -"sus acciones: Dar más de lo que se recibe. Ser abiertos e inclusivos. " -"Agregar valor. Visibilizar las cosas que se están usando del procomún, las " -"que se están agregando, y lo que se está monetizando. Maximizar la " -"abundancia. Dar atribución. Expresar gratitud. Desarrollar confianza; no " -"explotar. Construir relación y comunidad. Ser transparente. Defender el " -"procomún." +"uso de recursos en los bienes comunes, pero el éxito en el bien común " +"requiere más que seguir las palabras de la ley y adquirir medios " +"financieros. Una y otra vez oímos en nuestras entrevistas cómo el éxito y la " +"sostenibilidad están ligados a un conjunto de creencias, valores y " +"principios que están por debajo de sus acciones: Dar más de lo que se " +"recibe. Ser abiertos e inclusivos. Agregar valor. Visibilizar las cosas que " +"se están usando del bien común, las que se están agregando, y lo que se está " +"monetizando. Maximizar la abundancia. Dar atribución. Expresar gratitud. " +"Desarrollar confianza; no explotar. Construir relación y comunidad. Ser " +"transparente. Defender el bien común." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1524 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -3115,16 +3268,16 @@ msgid "" "market or state dominating as primary means of resource management, a more " "balanced alternative is possible." msgstr "" -"El nuevo procomún digital está aquí para quedarse. Los casos de estudio de " -"_Hecho con Creative Commons_ muestran cómo es posible ser parte de este " -"procomún, mientras aún se funciona dentro de los sistemas del mercado y el " -"Estado. El procomún genera beneficios que ni el mercado ni el Estado pueden " -"alcanzar por sí mismos. En lugar de que el mercado o el Estado dominen como " -"principales medios de gestión de recursos, una alternativa más balanceada es " -"posible." +"Los nuevos bienes comunes digitales están aquí para quedarse. Los casos de " +"estudio de _Hecho con Creative Commons_ muestran cómo es posible ser parte " +"de estos bienes comunes, sin por ello dejar de funcionar dentro de los " +"sistemas del mercado y el Estado. Los bienes comunes generan beneficios que " +"ni el mercado ni el Estado pueden alcanzar por sí mismos. En lugar de que el " +"mercado o el Estado dominen como principales medios de gestión de recursos, " +"una alternativa más balanceada es posible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1533 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -3137,22 +3290,22 @@ msgstr "" "estudio en este libro son simplemente puntos de inicio. Cada uno está " "cambiando y evolucionando con el tiempo. Muchos más se están uniendo e " "inventando nuevos modelos. Esta visión general intenta brindar un marco " -"conceptual y un lenguaje para pensar y hablar acerca del nuevo procomún " -"digital. Las secciones que quedan van más profundo para brindar una guía e " -"ideas de cómo trabaja." +"conceptual y un lenguaje para pensar y hablar acerca de los nuevos bienes " +"comunes digitales. Las secciones que quedan van más profundo para brindar " +"una guía e ideas de cómo trabaja." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1544 msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1546 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1549 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -3183,7 +3336,7 @@ msgstr "" "público no solo accessarlo, sino también hacer uso de este." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1565 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -3203,7 +3356,7 @@ msgstr "" "generación de ingresos, definiciones de éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -3214,7 +3367,7 @@ msgstr "" "entrevistas e investigaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1580 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -3232,42 +3385,50 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons usando solo una perspectiva de negocio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1551 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, " -#| "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at " -#| "strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1593 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " "url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." msgstr "" -"Alex Osterwalder & Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " +"Alex Osterwalder e Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. Una previsualización del libro está " -"disponible en: strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation." +"disponible en <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-" +"generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1589 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " +#| "model “describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, " +#| "and captures value.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Thinking " +#| "about sharing in terms of creating and capturing value always felt " +#| "inappropriately transactional and out of place, something we heard time " +#| "and time again in our interviews. And as Cory Doctorow told us in our " +#| "interview with him, “Business model can mean anything you want it to " +#| "mean.”" msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " -"model “describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, and " -"captures value.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Thinking about " -"sharing in terms of creating and capturing value always felt inappropriately " -"transactional and out of place, something we heard time and time again in " -"our interviews. And as Cory Doctorow told us in our interview with him, " -"“Business model can mean anything you want it to mean.”" +"model <quote>describes the rationale of how an organization creates, " +"delivers, and captures value.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +"> Thinking about sharing in terms of creating and capturing value always " +"felt inappropriately transactional and out of place, something we heard time " +"and time again in our interviews. And as Cory Doctorow told us in our " +"interview with him, <quote>Business model can mean anything you want it to " +"mean.</quote>" msgstr "" "De acuerdo con el manual seminal «Business Model Generation», un modelo de " "negocios «describe la justificación de cómo una organización crea, entrega y " -"captura valor.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pensar sobre compartir en términos de crear y capturar valor " -"siempre se sintió inapropiadamente transaccional y fuera de lugar, algo que " -"oímos una y otra vez en nuestras entrevistas. Y como Cory Doctorow nos contó " -"en nuestra entrevista con él, «Un modelo de negocios puede significar " -"cualquier cosa que uno quiera que signifique.»" +"captura valor.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pensar sobre " +"compartir en términos de crear y capturar valor siempre se sintió " +"inapropiadamente transaccional y fuera de lugar, algo que oímos una y otra " +"vez en nuestras entrevistas. Y como Cory Doctorow nos contó en nuestra " +"entrevista con él, «Un modelo de negocios puede significar cualquier cosa " +"que uno quiera que signifique.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1605 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -3280,7 +3441,7 @@ msgstr "" "estudio), lo descartamos como nuestro rubro guía para el libro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1612 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -3300,7 +3461,7 @@ msgstr "" "de seguir leyendo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1622 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -3323,7 +3484,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocios podría estar un poco desviado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1634 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -3338,7 +3499,7 @@ msgstr "" "simbolismo detrás de usar CC, y ese simbolismo tiene muchas capas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1642 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -3365,16 +3526,27 @@ msgstr "" "compartir." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1613 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1656 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your " +#| "work, sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want " +#| "to interact with the people who consume your work. Whenever you create " +#| "something, “all rights reserved” under copyright is automatic, so the " +#| "copyright symbol (©) on the work does not necessarily come across as a " +#| "marker of distrust or excessive protectionism. But using a CC license can " +#| "be a symbol of the opposite—of wanting a real human relationship, rather " +#| "than an impersonal market transaction. It leaves open the possibility of " +#| "connection." msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " "interact with the people who consume your work. Whenever you create " -"something, “all rights reserved” under copyright is automatic, so the " -"copyright symbol (©) on the work does not necessarily come across as a " -"marker of distrust or excessive protectionism. But using a CC license can be " -"a symbol of the opposite—of wanting a real human relationship, rather than " -"an impersonal market transaction. It leaves open the possibility of " +"something, <quote>all rights reserved</quote> under copyright is automatic, " +"so the copyright symbol (©) on the work does not necessarily come across as " +"a marker of distrust or excessive protectionism. But using a CC license can " +"be a symbol of the opposite—of wanting a real human relationship, rather " +"than an impersonal market transaction. It leaves open the possibility of " "connection." msgstr "" "Ya sea que el público haga uso de la oportunidad de copiar y adaptar su " @@ -3389,7 +3561,7 @@ msgstr "" "conexión." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1668 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -3405,7 +3577,7 @@ msgstr "" "del éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1681 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." @@ -3414,33 +3586,45 @@ msgstr "" "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1676 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " +#| "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " +#| "ways, this is nothing new. As Doctorow has written, “Creators usually " +#| "start doing what they do for love.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +#| "\"0\"/> But when you share your creative work under a CC license, that " +#| "dynamic is even more pronounced. Similarly, for technological innovators, " +#| "it is often less about creating a specific new thing that will make you " +#| "rich and more about solving a specific problem you have. The creators of " +#| "Arduino told us that the key question when creating something is “Do you " +#| "as the creator want to use it? It has to have personal use and meaning.”" msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " -"ways, this is nothing new. As Doctorow has written, “Creators usually start " -"doing what they do for love.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But " -"when you share your creative work under a CC license, that dynamic is even " -"more pronounced. Similarly, for technological innovators, it is often less " -"about creating a specific new thing that will make you rich and more about " -"solving a specific problem you have. The creators of Arduino told us that " -"the key question when creating something is “Do you as the creator want to " -"use it? It has to have personal use and meaning.”" +"ways, this is nothing new. As Doctorow has written, <quote>Creators usually " +"start doing what they do for love.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> But when you share your creative work under a CC license, that " +"dynamic is even more pronounced. Similarly, for technological innovators, it " +"is often less about creating a specific new thing that will make you rich " +"and more about solving a specific problem you have. The creators of Arduino " +"told us that the key question when creating something is <quote>Do you as " +"the creator want to use it? It has to have personal use and meaning.</quote>" msgstr "" "La motivación impulsora varía dependiendo del tipo de esfuerzo. Para " "personas creadoras, es por lo general acerca de inspiración personal. En " "cierta forma, nada es nuevo. Como Doctorow escribió, «Las personas creadoras " -"por lo general empiezan haciendo lo que hacen por amor.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero, cuando se " -"comparte trabajo creativo bajo una licencia CC, esa dinámica es aún más " -"pronunciada. De forja similar, para las personas que innovan con tecnología, " -"por lo general es menos acerca de crear una nueva cosa específica que las " -"hará ricas, y más acerca de resolver un problema específico que tienen. Los " -"creadores de Arduino nos contaron que la pregunta clave al crear algo es " -"«¿Usted, como el creador, querría usarlo? Tiene que tener un uso y " -"significado personal.»" +"por lo general empiezan haciendo lo que hacen por amor.»<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero, cuando se comparte trabajo creativo bajo una " +"licencia CC, esa dinámica es aún más pronunciada. De forja similar, para las " +"personas que innovan con tecnología, por lo general es menos acerca de crear " +"una nueva cosa específica que las hará ricas, y más acerca de resolver un " +"problema específico que tienen. Los creadores de Arduino nos contaron que la " +"pregunta clave al crear algo es «¿Usted, como el creador, querría usarlo? " +"Tiene que tener un uso y significado personal.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1693 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -3460,7 +3644,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencia Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1703 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -3480,7 +3664,7 @@ msgstr "" "conexiones humanas es integral para el éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1713 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -3491,16 +3675,26 @@ msgstr "" "suficiente dinero para mantener las luces encendidas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1718 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there " +#| "is generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to " +#| "be for any creative endeavor. Digital technology has made it easier than " +#| "ever to create, and easier than ever to distribute. As Doctorow put it in " +#| "his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, “If analog dollars have " +#| "turned into digital dimes (as the critics of ad-supported media have it), " +#| "there is the fact that it’s possible to run a business that gets the same " +#| "amount of advertising as its forebears at a fraction of the price.”" msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " "for any creative endeavor. Digital technology has made it easier than ever " "to create, and easier than ever to distribute. As Doctorow put it in his " -"book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, “If analog dollars have turned " -"into digital dimes (as the critics of ad-supported media have it), there is " -"the fact that it’s possible to run a business that gets the same amount of " -"advertising as its forebears at a fraction of the price.”" +"book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, <quote>If analog dollars have " +"turned into digital dimes (as the critics of ad-supported media have it), " +"there is the fact that it’s possible to run a business that gets the same " +"amount of advertising as its forebears at a fraction of the price.</quote>" msgstr "" "Los costos de hacer negocios varían mucho para aquellos hechos con CC, pero " "por lo general hay un límite mucho menor para la sostenibilidad que el que " @@ -3513,12 +3707,12 @@ msgstr "" "antepasados por una fracción del precio.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1735 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "Ibid., 55." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1730 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -3535,15 +3729,16 @@ msgstr "" "misma cantidad de tiempo y dinero escribir un artículo para una revista con " "revisión de pares, o pintar una pintura. La tecnología no puede cambiar eso. " "Pero otros costos se reducen dramáticamente con la tecnología, en particular " -"en dominios con elevada producción como el cine.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El contenido licenciado " -"con CC y el contenido en el dominio público, así como el trabajo de personas " -"que colaboran de forma voluntaria, también puede reducir los costos " -"dramáticamente, si son usados como recursos para crear algo nuevo. Y, por " -"supuesto, está la realidad de que algún contenido sería creado ya sea que a " -"la persona creadora se le pague o no, porque es un trabajo por amor." +"en dominios con elevada producción como el cine.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +"\" id=\"0\"/> El contenido licenciado con CC y el contenido en el dominio " +"público, así como el trabajo de personas que colaboran de forma voluntaria, " +"también puede reducir los costos dramáticamente, si son usados como recursos " +"para crear algo nuevo. Y, por supuesto, está la realidad de que algún " +"contenido sería creado ya sea que a la persona creadora se le pague o no, " +"porque es un trabajo por amor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1747 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -3554,7 +3749,7 @@ msgstr "" "Hyperion, 2010), 224." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1744 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -3568,35 +3763,51 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Distribuir contenido es casi universalmente más barato que nunca. Una vez " "que el contenido es creado, los costos de distribuir copias digitales son " -"esencialmente cero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Los costos de distribuir copias físicas aún son " -"significativos, pero más bajos de lo que han sido históricamente. Y ahora es " -"mucho más sencillo imprimir y distribuir copias físicas bajo demanda, lo que " -"también reduce costos. Dependiendo del tipo de esfuerzo, puede haber una " -"gran cantidad de otros gastos posibles, como mercadeo y promoción, e " -"inclusos gastos asociados con las distintas formas en que se genera dinero, " -"como realizar giras y entrenamiento personalizado." +"esencialmente cero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Los costos de " +"distribuir copias físicas aún son significativos, pero más bajos de lo que " +"han sido históricamente. Y ahora es mucho más sencillo imprimir y distribuir " +"copias físicas bajo demanda, lo que también reduce costos. Dependiendo del " +"tipo de esfuerzo, puede haber una gran cantidad de otros gastos posibles, " +"como mercadeo y promoción, e inclusos gastos asociados con las distintas " +"formas en que se genera dinero, como realizar giras y entrenamiento " +"personalizado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1769 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1715 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1759 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " +#| "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation " +#| "and distribution themselves. People now often have a direct route to " +#| "their potential public without necessarily needing intermediaries like " +#| "record labels and book publishers. Doctorow wrote, “If you’re a creator " +#| "who never got the time of day from one of the great imperial powers, this " +#| "is your time. Where once you had no means of reaching an audience without " +#| "the assistance of the industry-dominating megacompanies, now you have " +#| "hundreds of ways to do it without them.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +#| "\"0\"/> Previously, distribution of creative work involved the costs " +#| "associated with sustaining a monolithic entity, now creators can do the " +#| "work themselves. That means the financial needs of creative endeavors can " +#| "be a lot more modest." msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " "distribution themselves. People now often have a direct route to their " "potential public without necessarily needing intermediaries like record " -"labels and book publishers. Doctorow wrote, “If you’re a creator who never " -"got the time of day from one of the great imperial powers, this is your " -"time. Where once you had no means of reaching an audience without the " +"labels and book publishers. Doctorow wrote, <quote>If you’re a creator who " +"never got the time of day from one of the great imperial powers, this is " +"your time. Where once you had no means of reaching an audience without the " "assistance of the industry-dominating megacompanies, now you have hundreds " -"of ways to do it without them.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " -"Previously, distribution of creative work involved the costs associated with " -"sustaining a monolithic entity, now creators can do the work themselves. " -"That means the financial needs of creative endeavors can be a lot more " -"modest." +"of ways to do it without them.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Previously, distribution of creative work involved the costs " +"associated with sustaining a monolithic entity, now creators can do the work " +"themselves. That means the financial needs of creative endeavors can be a " +"lot more modest." msgstr "" "Es importante reconocer que el mayor impacto de la tecnología en esfuerzos " "creativos es que las personas creadoras ahora pueden pagar los costos de " @@ -3607,24 +3818,37 @@ msgstr "" "poderes del imperio, este es su momento. Donde alguna vez no tenía medios " "para alcanzar una audiencia sin la asistencia de las megacompañías que " "dominan la industria, ahora tiene cientos de formas para hacerlo sin " -"ellas.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Antes, la distribución de trabajos creativos involucraba costos " -"asociados con mantener una entidad monolítica, ahora las personas creadoras " -"pueden hacer el trabajo ellas mismas. Esto significa que las necesidades " -"financieras de los esfuerzos creativos pueden ser mucho más modestas." +"ellas.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Antes, la distribución de " +"trabajos creativos involucraba costos asociados con mantener una entidad " +"monolítica, ahora las personas creadoras pueden hacer el trabajo ellas " +"mismas. Esto significa que las necesidades financieras de los esfuerzos " +"creativos pueden ser mucho más modestas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1776 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " +#| "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. " +#| "You need to build in some support for the general operation. This extra " +#| "bit looks different for everyone, but importantly, in nearly all cases " +#| "for those Made with Creative Commons, the definition of “enough money” " +#| "looks a lot different than it does in the world of venture capital and " +#| "stock options. It is more about sustainability and less about unlimited " +#| "growth and profit. SparkFun founder Nathan Seidle told us, “Business " +#| "model is a really grandiose word for it. It is really just about keeping " +#| "the operation going day to day.”" msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " "need to build in some support for the general operation. This extra bit " "looks different for everyone, but importantly, in nearly all cases for those " -"Made with Creative Commons, the definition of “enough money” looks a lot " -"different than it does in the world of venture capital and stock options. It " -"is more about sustainability and less about unlimited growth and profit. " -"SparkFun founder Nathan Seidle told us, “Business model is a really " -"grandiose word for it. It is really just about keeping the operation going " -"day to day.”" +"Made with Creative Commons, the definition of <quote>enough money</quote> " +"looks a lot different than it does in the world of venture capital and stock " +"options. It is more about sustainability and less about unlimited growth and " +"profit. SparkFun founder Nathan Seidle told us, <quote>Business model is a " +"really grandiose word for it. It is really just about keeping the operation " +"going day to day.</quote>" msgstr "" "Ya sea para una persona creadora o para un esfuerzo más grande, usualmente " "no es suficiente apenas cubrir los gastos si se quiere hacer lo que se hace " @@ -3639,7 +3863,7 @@ msgstr "" "mantener la operación funcionando día a día.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1789 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -3655,23 +3879,28 @@ msgstr "" "operar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1753 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1797 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " +#| "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " +#| "“problem zero.”" msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " -"“problem zero.”" +"<quote>problem zero.</quote>" msgstr "" "Sin embargo, hay muchas formas en las que el licenciamiento CC puede ser " "bueno para negocios de formas bastantes predecibles. La primera es cómo " "ayuda a resolver el «problema cero.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1802 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "Problema Cero: ser descubierto" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1809 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." @@ -3680,7 +3909,7 @@ msgstr "" "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1824 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." @@ -3689,58 +3918,62 @@ msgstr "" "2012), 64." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1804 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " #| "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, “It " #| "has to start with the art. The songs had to touch people initially, and " -#| "mean something, for anything to work at all.”6 There isn’t any magic to " -#| "finding your people, and there is certainly no formula. Your work has to " -#| "connect with people and offer them some artistic and/or utilitarian " -#| "value. In some ways, this is easier than ever. Online we are not limited " -#| "by shelf space, so there is room for every obscure interest, taste, and " -#| "need imaginable. This is what Chris Anderson dubbed the Long Tail, where " -#| "consumption becomes less about mainstream mass “hits” and more about " -#| "micromarkets for every particular niche. As Anderson wrote, “We are all " -#| "different, with different wants and needs, and the Internet now has a " -#| "place for all of them in the way that physical markets did not.”7 We are " -#| "no longer limited to what appeals to the masses." +#| "mean something, for anything to work at all.”<placeholder type=\"footnote" +#| "\" id=\"0\"/> There isn’t any magic to finding your people, and there is " +#| "certainly no formula. Your work has to connect with people and offer them " +#| "some artistic and/or utilitarian value. In some ways, this is easier than " +#| "ever. Online we are not limited by shelf space, so there is room for " +#| "every obscure interest, taste, and need imaginable. This is what Chris " +#| "Anderson dubbed the Long Tail, where consumption becomes less about " +#| "mainstream mass “hits” and more about micromarkets for every particular " +#| "niche. As Anderson wrote, “We are all different, with different wants and " +#| "needs, and the Internet now has a place for all of them in the way that " +#| "physical markets did not.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We " +#| "are no longer limited to what appeals to the masses." msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " -"customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, “It has " -"to start with the art. The songs had to touch people initially, and mean " -"something, for anything to work at all.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" -"\"0\"/> There isn’t any magic to finding your people, and there is certainly " -"no formula. Your work has to connect with people and offer them some " -"artistic and/or utilitarian value. In some ways, this is easier than ever. " -"Online we are not limited by shelf space, so there is room for every obscure " -"interest, taste, and need imaginable. This is what Chris Anderson dubbed the " -"Long Tail, where consumption becomes less about mainstream mass “hits” and " -"more about micromarkets for every particular niche. As Anderson wrote, “We " +"customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, " +"<quote>It has to start with the art. The songs had to touch people " +"initially, and mean something, for anything to work at all.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> There isn’t any magic to " +"finding your people, and there is certainly no formula. Your work has to " +"connect with people and offer them some artistic and/or utilitarian value. " +"In some ways, this is easier than ever. Online we are not limited by shelf " +"space, so there is room for every obscure interest, taste, and need " +"imaginable. This is what Chris Anderson dubbed the Long Tail, where " +"consumption becomes less about mainstream mass <quote>hits</quote> and more " +"about micromarkets for every particular niche. As Anderson wrote, <quote>We " "are all different, with different wants and needs, and the Internet now has " -"a place for all of them in the way that physical markets did " -"not.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We are no longer limited to " +"a place for all of them in the way that physical markets did not.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We are no longer limited to " "what appeals to the masses." msgstr "" "Una vez que se crea o colecciona el contenido, el siguiente paso es " "encontrar usuarios, clientes y fanáticos—en otras palabras, su gente. Como " "Amanda Palmer escribió, «Tiene que empezar con el arte. Las canciones " "tuvieron que tocar a la gente al inicio, y significar algo, para que " -"cualquier cosa funcione.»6 No hay ninguna magia para encontrar su gente, y " -"ciertamente no hay ninguna fórmula. El trabajo tiene que conectar con las " -"personas y ofrecerles algún valor artístico y/o utilitario. De cierta forma, " -"esto nunca antes ha sido tan fácil. En línea no estamos limitados por el " -"espacio en los estantes, así que hay espacio para cualquier oscuro interés, " -"gusto y necesidad imaginables. Esto es lo que Chris Anderson llamo la Larga " -"Cola, donde el consumo se vuelve menos acerca de éxitos masivos populares, y " -"más acerca de micromercados para cada nicho particular. Como escrribió " -"Anderson, «Todos somos diferentes, con diferentes gustos y necesidades, y la " -"Internet ahora tiene un lugar para todos estos en una forma que el mercado " -"físico no tuvo.»7 Ya no estamos limitados a lo que apela a las masas." +"cualquier cosa funcione.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> No hay " +"ninguna magia para encontrar su gente, y ciertamente no hay ninguna fórmula. " +"El trabajo tiene que conectar con las personas y ofrecerles algún valor " +"artístico y/o utilitario. De cierta forma, esto nunca antes ha sido tan " +"fácil. En línea no estamos limitados por el espacio en los estantes, así que " +"hay espacio para cualquier oscuro interés, gusto y necesidad imaginables. " +"Esto es lo que Chris Anderson llamo la Larga Cola, donde el consumo se " +"vuelve menos acerca de éxitos masivos populares, y más acerca de " +"micromercados para cada nicho particular. Como escrribió Anderson, «Todos " +"somos diferentes, con diferentes gustos y necesidades, y la Internet ahora " +"tiene un lugar para todos estos en una forma que el mercado físico no " +"tuvo.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Ya no estamos limitados a lo " +"que apela a las masas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." @@ -3749,25 +3982,21 @@ msgstr "" "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1798 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1845 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 66." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1802 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. " -#| "New York: Morgan James, 2016." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1850 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." msgstr "" -"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. Nueva " -"York: Morgan James, 2016." +"Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " +"York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1785 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "While finding “your people” online is theoretically easier than in the " @@ -3775,48 +4004,67 @@ msgstr "" #| "get noticed. The Internet is a firehose of content, one that only grows " #| "larger by the minute. As a content creator, not only are you competing " #| "for attention against more content creators than ever before, you are " -#| "competing against creativity generated outside the market as well.8 " -#| "Anderson wrote, “The greatest change of the past decade has been the " -#| "shift in time people spend consuming amateur content instead of " -#| "professional content.”9 To top it all off, you have to compete against " -#| "the rest of their lives, too—“friends, family, music playlists, soccer " -#| "games, and nights on the town.”10 Somehow, some way, you have to get " -#| "noticed by the right people." -msgid "" -"While finding “your people” online is theoretically easier than in the " -"analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to actually " -"get noticed. The Internet is a firehose of content, one that only grows " -"larger by the minute. As a content creator, not only are you competing for " -"attention against more content creators than ever before, you are competing " -"against creativity generated outside the market as well.<placeholder type=" -"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Anderson wrote, “The greatest change of the past " -"decade has been the shift in time people spend consuming amateur content " -"instead of professional content.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> " -"To top it all off, you have to compete against the rest of their lives, too" -"—“friends, family, music playlists, soccer games, and nights on the " -"town.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Somehow, some way, you have " -"to get noticed by the right people." +#| "competing against creativity generated outside the market as well." +#| "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Anderson wrote, “The greatest " +#| "change of the past decade has been the shift in time people spend " +#| "consuming amateur content instead of professional content.”<placeholder " +#| "type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> To top it all off, you have to compete " +#| "against the rest of their lives, too—“friends, family, music playlists, " +#| "soccer games, and nights on the town.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +#| "\"2\"/> Somehow, some way, you have to get noticed by the right people." +msgid "" +"While finding <quote>your people</quote> online is theoretically easier than " +"in the analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to " +"actually get noticed. The Internet is a firehose of content, one that only " +"grows larger by the minute. As a content creator, not only are you " +"competing for attention against more content creators than ever before, you " +"are competing against creativity generated outside the market as well." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Anderson wrote, <quote>The " +"greatest change of the past decade has been the shift in time people spend " +"consuming amateur content instead of professional content.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> To top it all off, you have " +"to compete against the rest of their lives, too—<quote>friends, family, " +"music playlists, soccer games, and nights on the town.</quote><placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Somehow, some way, you have to get noticed by " +"the right people." msgstr "" "Aunque encontrar a «su gente» en línea es en teoría más sencillo que en el " "mundo analógico, como un asunto práctico puede aún ser difícil ser realmente " "notado. La internet es una manguera de contenidos, una que crece cada " "minuto. Como una persona creadora de contenidos, no solo se compite por " "atención contra más creadoras de contenidos que nunca antes, también se " -"compite contra la creatividad generada fuera del mercado.8 Anderson " -"escribió, «El cambio más grande en la década pasada ha sido el cambio en el " -"tiempo que las personas pasan consumiendo contenidos aficionados en lugar de " -"contenidos profesionales.»9 Para colmo, se debe competir contra el resto de " -"sus vidas también—«amistades, familia, listas de reproducción de música, " -"juegos de fútbol y noches en la ciudad.»10 De algún modo, de alguna forma, " -"tiene que llamar la atención de las personas correctas." +"compite contra la creatividad generada fuera del mercado.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Anderson escribió, «El cambio más grande en la " +"década pasada ha sido el cambio en el tiempo que las personas pasan " +"consumiendo contenidos aficionados en lugar de contenidos " +"profesionales.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Para colmo, se debe " +"competir contra el resto de sus vidas también—«amistades, familia, listas de " +"reproducción de música, juegos de fútbol y noches en la ciudad.»<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> De algún modo, de alguna forma, tiene que " +"llamar la atención de las personas correctas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1864 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Anderson, Free, 62." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1856 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " +#| "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before " +#| "there is even any demand for it. In many cases, requiring payment for " +#| "your work is part of the traditional copyright system. Even a tiny cost " +#| "has a big effect on demand. It’s called the penny gap—the large " +#| "difference in demand between something that is available at the price of " +#| "one cent versus the price of zero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +#| "> That doesn’t mean it is wrong to charge money for your content. It " +#| "simply means you need to recognize the effect that doing so will have on " +#| "demand. The same principle applies to restricting access to copy the " +#| "work. If your problem is how to get discovered and find “your people,” " +#| "prohibiting people from copying your work and sharing it with others is " +#| "counterproductive." msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -3828,8 +4076,8 @@ msgid "" "to charge money for your content. It simply means you need to recognize the " "effect that doing so will have on demand. The same principle applies to " "restricting access to copy the work. If your problem is how to get " -"discovered and find “your people,” prohibiting people from copying your work " -"and sharing it with others is counterproductive." +"discovered and find <quote>your people,</quote> prohibiting people from " +"copying your work and sharing it with others is counterproductive." msgstr "" "Al entrar a la Internet armaos con una mentalidad de todos los derechos " "reservados desde el inicio, con frecuencia está restringiendo el acceso a su " @@ -3838,27 +4086,32 @@ msgstr "" "tradicional de derechos de autor. Incluso un costo diminuto tiene un gran " "efecto en la demanda. A esto se le llama la brecha del penique—la gran " "diferencia en la demanda entre algo que está disponible por un precio de un " -"centavo comparado con un precio de cero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Esto no significa que está " -"equivocado cobrar dinero por su contenido. Simplemente significa que debe " -"reconocer el efecto sobre la demanda que tiene el hacerlo. El mismo " -"principio aplica a restringir al acceso a copiar el trabajo. Si su problema " -"es cómo ser descubierto y encontrar a «su gente,» prohibirle a las personas " -"que copien su trabajo y que lo compartan con otros es contraproducente." +"centavo comparado con un precio de cero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Esto no significa que está equivocado cobrar dinero por su " +"contenido. Simplemente significa que debe reconocer el efecto sobre la " +"demanda que tiene el hacerlo. El mismo principio aplica a restringir al " +"acceso a copiar el trabajo. Si su problema es cómo ser descubierto y " +"encontrar a «su gente,» prohibirle a las personas que copien su trabajo y " +"que lo compartan con otros es contraproducente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1830 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1878 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." -msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." +msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1874 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work " +#| "will make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, “Recognition " +#| "is one of many necessary preconditions for artistic success.”<placeholder " +#| "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " -"make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, “Recognition is one of " -"many necessary preconditions for artistic success.”<placeholder type=" -"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, <quote>Recognition is " +"one of many necessary preconditions for artistic success.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Por supuesto, no es que ser descubierto por personas a las que les gusta su " "trabajo le hará rico—lejos de eso. Pero como Cory Doctorow dice, «El " @@ -3866,7 +4119,7 @@ msgstr "" "artístico.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1882 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -3887,19 +4140,27 @@ msgstr "" "generado una inmensa cantidad de buena voluntad dentro de la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1851 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1900 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1893 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " +#| "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your " +#| "creative work. If people like your work, their natural instinct will be " +#| "to share it with others. But as David Bollier wrote, “Our natural human " +#| "impulses to imitate and share—the essence of culture—have been " +#| "criminalized.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " "work. If people like your work, their natural instinct will be to share it " -"with others. But as David Bollier wrote, “Our natural human impulses to " -"imitate and share—the essence of culture—have been " -"criminalized.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"with others. But as David Bollier wrote, <quote>Our natural human impulses " +"to imitate and share—the essence of culture—have been criminalized.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "No es solo que restringir el acceso a su trabajo puede socavar su misión " "social. También puede alienar a las personas que más valoran su trabajo " @@ -3909,7 +4170,7 @@ msgstr "" "criminalizados.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1904 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -3927,20 +4188,34 @@ msgstr "" "creativo no tiene impacto en la capacidad de nadie más para usarlo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1913 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you " +#| "can invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " +#| "playing a cat and mouse game with people who want to copy and share your " +#| "work. Lizzy Jongma from the Rijksmuseum said, “We could spend a lot of " +#| "money trying to protect works, but people are going to do it anyway. And " +#| "they will use bad-quality versions.” Instead, they started releasing high-" +#| "resolution digital copies of their collection into the public domain and " +#| "making them available for free on their website. For them, sharing was a " +#| "form of quality control over the copies that were inevitably being shared " +#| "online. Doing this meant forgoing the revenue they previously got from " +#| "selling digital images. But Lizzy says that was a small price to pay for " +#| "all of the opportunities that sharing unlocked for them." msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " "playing a cat and mouse game with people who want to copy and share your " -"work. Lizzy Jongma from the Rijksmuseum said, “We could spend a lot of money " -"trying to protect works, but people are going to do it anyway. And they will " -"use bad-quality versions.” Instead, they started releasing high-resolution " -"digital copies of their collection into the public domain and making them " -"available for free on their website. For them, sharing was a form of quality " -"control over the copies that were inevitably being shared online. Doing this " -"meant forgoing the revenue they previously got from selling digital images. " -"But Lizzy says that was a small price to pay for all of the opportunities " -"that sharing unlocked for them." +"work. Lizzy Jongma from the Rijksmuseum said, <quote>We could spend a lot of " +"money trying to protect works, but people are going to do it anyway. And " +"they will use bad-quality versions.</quote> Instead, they started releasing " +"high-resolution digital copies of their collection into the public domain " +"and making them available for free on their website. For them, sharing was a " +"form of quality control over the copies that were inevitably being shared " +"online. Doing this meant forgoing the revenue they previously got from " +"selling digital images. But Lizzy says that was a small price to pay for all " +"of the opportunities that sharing unlocked for them." msgstr "" "Si da por sentado cierta cantidad de copias e intercambio de su trabajo, " "puede investir su tiempo y recursos en otra cosa, en lugar de gastarlos " @@ -3957,38 +4232,46 @@ msgstr "" "todas las oportunidades que el compartir desbloqueó para ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1933 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Anderson, Free, 86." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1929 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " +#| "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " +#| "potentially abundant resource it is.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +#| "\"0\"/> When you see information abundance as a feature, not a bug, you " +#| "start thinking about the ways to use the idling capacity of your content " +#| "to your advantage. As my friend and colleague Eric Steuer once said, " +#| "“Using CC licenses shows you get the Internet.”" msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " "potentially abundant resource it is.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" "> When you see information abundance as a feature, not a bug, you start " "thinking about the ways to use the idling capacity of your content to your " -"advantage. As my friend and colleague Eric Steuer once said, “Using CC " -"licenses shows you get the Internet.”" +"advantage. As my friend and colleague Eric Steuer once said, <quote>Using CC " +"licenses shows you get the Internet.</quote>" msgstr "" "Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ significa dejar de pensar sobre formas de " "hacer su contenido artificialmente escaso, y en lugar de eso aprovecharlo " -"como el recurso potencialmente abundante que es.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Cuando se ve la " -"abundancia de la información como una funcionalidad y no un error, se " -"empieza a pensar sobre formas de usar la capacidad ociosa de su contenido " -"para su ventaja. Como mi amigo y colega Eric Steuer dijo una vez, «Usar " -"licencias CC demuestra que usted entiende la Internet.»" +"como el recurso potencialmente abundante que es.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +"\" id=\"0\"/> Cuando se ve la abundancia de la información como una " +"funcionalidad y no un error, se empieza a pensar sobre formas de usar la " +"capacidad ociosa de su contenido para su ventaja. Como mi amigo y colega " +"Eric Steuer dijo una vez, «Usar licencias CC demuestra que usted entiende la " +"Internet.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1895 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1944 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." -msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." +msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1892 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -4002,16 +4285,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Cory Doctorow dice que no le cuesta nada cuando otras personas hacen copias " "de su trabajo, y esto abre la posibilidad de que el pueda obtener algo a " -"cambio.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> De forma similar, quienes hacen las placas Arduino supieron que " -"era imposible para a las personas para que no copiaran su hardware, así que " -"decidieron ni siquiera intentarlo y en lugar de eso buscar los beneficios de " -"ser abiertos. Para ellos, el resultado es una de las piezas de hardware más " -"ubicuas del mundo, con una floreciente comunidad en línea de personas " -"pensadoras e innovadoras que han hecho cosas con su trabajo que nunca " -"hubieran podido hacer de otra manera." +"cambio.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> De forma similar, quienes " +"hacen las placas Arduino supieron que era imposible para a las personas para " +"que no copiaran su hardware, así que decidieron ni siquiera intentarlo y en " +"lugar de eso buscar los beneficios de ser abiertos. Para ellos, el resultado " +"es una de las piezas de hardware más ubicuas del mundo, con una floreciente " +"comunidad en línea de personas pensadoras e innovadoras que han hecho cosas " +"con su trabajo que nunca hubieran podido hacer de otra manera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1954 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." @@ -4020,12 +4303,23 @@ msgstr "" "beneficio. Aquí hay unas cuantas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1958 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "Usar CC para generar una audiencia más grande" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1960 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " +#| "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the " +#| "work certainly can’t hurt the chances that your work will be shared. The " +#| "CC license symbolizes that sharing is welcome. It can act as a little tap " +#| "on the shoulder to those who come across the work—a nudge to copy the " +#| "work if they have any inkling of doing so. All things being equal, if one " +#| "piece of content has a sign that says Share and the other says Don’t " +#| "Share (which is what “©” means), which do you think people are more " +#| "likely to share?" msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -4034,7 +4328,8 @@ msgid "" "the shoulder to those who come across the work—a nudge to copy the work if " "they have any inkling of doing so. All things being equal, if one piece of " "content has a sign that says Share and the other says Don’t Share (which is " -"what “©” means), which do you think people are more likely to share?" +"what <quote>©</quote> means), which do you think people are more likely to " +"share?" msgstr "" "El poner una licencia Creative Commons en su contenido no lo hará viral de " "forma automática, pero eliminar barreras legales para copiar su trabajo " @@ -4047,7 +4342,7 @@ msgstr "" "«©» significa), ¿cuál cree que sea más probable que las personas compartan?" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1972 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -4063,63 +4358,63 @@ msgstr "" "alcanzar tantas personas lectoras como sea posible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1989 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Anderson, Free, 123." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1981 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the " +#| "max strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According " +#| "to Google’s Eric Schmidt, the idea is simple: “Take whatever it is you " +#| "are doing and do it at the max in terms of distribution. The other way of " +#| "saying this is that since marginal cost of distribution is free, you " +#| "might as well put things everywhere.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +#| "\"0\"/> This strategy is what often motivates companies to make their " +#| "products and services free (i.e., no cost), but the same logic applies to " +#| "making content freely shareable. Because CC-licensed content is free (as " +#| "in cost) and can be freely copied, CC licensing makes it even more " +#| "accessible and likely to spread." msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " -"Google’s Eric Schmidt, the idea is simple: “Take whatever it is you are " -"doing and do it at the max in terms of distribution. The other way of saying " -"this is that since marginal cost of distribution is free, you might as well " -"put things everywhere.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> This " -"strategy is what often motivates companies to make their products and " -"services free (i.e., no cost), but the same logic applies to making content " -"freely shareable. Because CC-licensed content is free (as in cost) and can " -"be freely copied, CC licensing makes it even more accessible and likely to " -"spread." +"Google’s Eric Schmidt, the idea is simple: <quote>Take whatever it is you " +"are doing and do it at the max in terms of distribution. The other way of " +"saying this is that since marginal cost of distribution is free, you might " +"as well put things everywhere.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> This strategy is what often motivates companies to make their " +"products and services free (i.e., no cost), but the same logic applies to " +"making content freely shareable. Because CC-licensed content is free (as in " +"cost) and can be freely copied, CC licensing makes it even more accessible " +"and likely to spread." msgstr "" "La idea de que más ojos es igual a más éxito es una forma de la estrategia " "de máximo, adoptada por Google y otras compañías de tecnología. De acuerdo " "con Eric Schmidt de Google, la idea es simple: ”Tomar lo que sea que esté " "haciendo y hacerlo al máximo en términos de distribución. La otra forma de " "decir esto es que dado que los costos marginales de distribución son " -"gratuitos, también es posible poner las cosas en todo lado.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Esta " -"estrategia es lo que con frecuencia motiva a las compañías a hacer productos " -"y servicios gratuitos (esto es, sin costo), pero la misma lógica aplica a " -"hacer contenido que se pueda compartir libremente. Como el contenido " -"licenciado con CC es gratis (sin costo) y puede ser copiado de forma libre, " -"el licenciamiento CC lo hace aun más accesible y que sea más probable que " -"prolifere." +"gratuitos, también es posible poner las cosas en todo lado.”<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Esta estrategia es lo que con frecuencia motiva " +"a las compañías a hacer productos y servicios gratuitos (esto es, sin " +"costo), pero la misma lógica aplica a hacer contenido que se pueda compartir " +"libremente. Como el contenido licenciado con CC es gratis (sin costo) y " +"puede ser copiado de forma libre, el licenciamiento CC lo hace aun más " +"accesible y que sea más probable que prolifere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1953 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Ibid., 15." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2003 msgid "Ibid., 132." -msgstr "Ibid., 15." +msgstr "Ibid., 132." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1958 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Ibid., 175." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2008 msgid "Ibid., 70." -msgstr "Ibid., 175." +msgstr "Ibid., 70." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1948 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or " -#| "other consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon " -#| "effect. The simple fact that there are other people consuming or " -#| "following your work spurs others to want to do the same.17 This is, in " -#| "part, because we simply have a tendency to engage in herd behavior, but " -#| "it is also because a large following is at least a partial indicator of " -#| "quality or usefulness.18" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1998 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -4132,26 +4427,35 @@ msgstr "" "Si tiene éxito alcanzando más personas usuarias, lectoras, oyentes u otros " "clientes para su trabajo, puede empezar a beneficiarse del efecto de " "arrastre. El simple hecho de que hay otras personas consumiendo o siguiendo " -"su trabajo estimula a otras a querer hacer lo mismo.17 Esto es, en parte, " -"porque simplemente tenemos una tendencia a engancharnos en un comportamiento " -"de manada, pero también es porque un gran número de personas seguidoras es " -"por lo menos un indicador parcial de calidad o utilidad.18" +"su trabajo estimula a otras a querer hacer lo mismo.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Esto es, en parte, porque simplemente tenemos una " +"tendencia a engancharnos en un comportamiento de manada, pero también es " +"porque un gran número de personas seguidoras es por lo menos un indicador " +"parcial de calidad o utilidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1963 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2013 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "Usar CC para obtener atribución y reconocimiento de nombre" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2027 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), " +#| "124. Surowiecki says, “The measure of success of laws and contracts is " +#| "how rarely they are invoked.”" msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " -"Surowiecki says, “The measure of success of laws and contracts is how rarely " -"they are invoked.”" +"Surowiecki says, <quote>The measure of success of laws and contracts is how " +"rarely they are invoked.</quote>" msgstr "" +"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " +"Surowiecki dice, «La medida del éxito de leyes y contratos es qué tan poco " +"frecuentemente son invocados.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2015 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -4176,15 +4480,15 @@ msgstr "" "sociales, más que la amenaza de aplicar la ley, lo que por lo general motiva " "a la gente a dar atribución y cumplir con los términos de las licencias CC " "de cualquier forma. Esta es la marca de cualquier comunidad que funciona " -"bien, tanto dentro del mercado como de la sociedad en general.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Las " -"licencias CC reflejan un conjunto de deseos de parte de las personas " -"creadoras, y en una gran mayoría de circunstancias, las personas están " -"inclinadas de forma natural a seguir esos deseos. Esto se da en particular " -"en el caso de algo tan directo y consistente con nociones básicas de " -"justicia, como dar crédito." +"bien, tanto dentro del mercado como de la sociedad en general.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Las licencias CC reflejan un conjunto de deseos " +"de parte de las personas creadoras, y en una gran mayoría de circunstancias, " +"las personas están inclinadas de forma natural a seguir esos deseos. Esto se " +"da en particular en el caso de algo tan directo y consistente con nociones " +"básicas de justicia, como dar crédito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -4211,7 +4515,7 @@ msgstr "" "citando su trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2052 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -4238,7 +4542,7 @@ msgstr "" "una parte especial del producto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2067 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -4256,14 +4560,13 @@ msgstr "" "confiable de información es más valioso que nunca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2077 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "" -"Utilizar el contenido licenciado con CC como una herramienta " -"publicitaria" +"Utilizar el contenido licenciado con CC como una herramienta publicitaria" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2079 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -4281,12 +4584,12 @@ msgstr "" "llevar a la gente al otro producto o servicio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2051 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2101 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Anderson, Free, 44." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2088 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -4313,11 +4616,11 @@ msgstr "" "Otro ejemplo proviene del advenimiento de la radio. Aunque la industria " "musical no la vio venir (¡e incluso luchó contra ella!), la música gratis en " "la radio funcionó como una forma de publicidad para la versión paga que la " -"gente compraba en las tiendas de música.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Lo gratuito puede ser una forma " -"de promoción." +"gente compraba en las tiendas de música.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Lo gratuito puede ser una forma de promoción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2055 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2105 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -4348,14 +4651,14 @@ msgstr "" "libros de texto de OpenStax)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2122 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" "Utilizar CC para que otros se comprometan con tu trabajo y participen " "activamente" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2125 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -4368,12 +4671,12 @@ msgstr "" "para la participación pública en el trabajo creativo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2082 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2132 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -4391,63 +4694,61 @@ msgstr "" "diferentes —traducir, actualizar, contextualizar, mejorar, transformar. " "Permite que una obra sea customizada para necesidades particulares, usos, " "personas y comunidades, que es otro valor distintivo para ofrecerle al " -"público.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> La adaptación cambia más el juego en algunos contextos que en " -"otros. Con los materiales educativos, la posibilidad de adaptarlos y " -"actualizar el contenido es de una importancia crítica para su utilidad. Para " -"la fotografía, la posibilidad de adaptar una foto es menos importante." +"público.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> La adaptación cambia más " +"el juego en algunos contextos que en otros. Con los materiales educativos, " +"la posibilidad de adaptarlos y actualizar el contenido es de una importancia " +"crítica para su utilidad. Para la fotografía, la posibilidad de adaptar una " +"foto es menos importante." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2152 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Anderson, Free, 67." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2107 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Ibid., 55." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 msgid "Ibid., 58." -msgstr "Ibid., 55." +msgstr "Ibid., 58." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2160 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 71." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2115 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " -#| "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2165 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." msgstr "" -"Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " -"Collaborators. Londres, Inglaterra: Penguin Books, 2010." +"Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " +"Collaborators (Londres: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2097 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2147 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " #| "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, “People " #| "often don’t care as much about things they don’t pay for, and as a result " -#| "they don’t think as much about how they consume them.”22 If even the tiny " -#| "act of volition of paying one penny for something changes our perception " -#| "of that thing, then surely the act of remixing it enhances our perception " -#| "exponentially.23 We know that people will pay more for products they had " -#| "a part in creating.24 And we know that creating something, no matter what " -#| "quality, brings with it a type of creative satisfaction that can never be " -#| "replaced by consuming something created by someone else.25" +#| "they don’t think as much about how they consume them.”<placeholder type=" +#| "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> If even the tiny act of volition of paying one " +#| "penny for something changes our perception of that thing, then surely the " +#| "act of remixing it enhances our perception exponentially.<placeholder " +#| "type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We know that people will pay more for " +#| "products they had a part in creating.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +#| "\"2\"/> And we know that creating something, no matter what quality, " +#| "brings with it a type of creative satisfaction that can never be replaced " +#| "by consuming something created by someone else.<placeholder type=" +#| "\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>" msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " -"and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, “People often " -"don’t care as much about things they don’t pay for, and as a result they " -"don’t think as much about how they consume them.”<placeholder type=\"footnote" -"\" id=\"0\"/> If even the tiny act of volition of paying one penny for " -"something changes our perception of that thing, then surely the act of " -"remixing it enhances our perception exponentially.<placeholder type=" +"and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, <quote>People " +"often don’t care as much about things they don’t pay for, and as a result " +"they don’t think as much about how they consume them.</quote><placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> If even the tiny act of volition of paying one " +"penny for something changes our perception of that thing, then surely the " +"act of remixing it enhances our perception exponentially.<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We know that people will pay more for products they " "had a part in creating.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> And we know " "that creating something, no matter what quality, brings with it a type of " @@ -4458,23 +4759,23 @@ msgstr "" "abundancia del contenido libre y abierto descripto más arriba. Como Anderson " "escribió en Free, “las personas a menudo no se preocupan tanto de las cosas " "por las que no pagaron, y como resultado no piensan tanto sobre cómo las " -"consumen.”22 Si el pequeño acto de voluntad de pagar incluso un centavo por " -"algo cambia nuestra percepción de ese objeto, entonces definitivamente el " -"acto de remixarlo aumenta exponencialmente nuestra percepción de él.23 " -"Sabemos que la gente pagará más por productos en los que tomó parte en " -"crearlos.24 Y sabemos que crear algo, no importa de qué calidad, trae " -"consigo un tipo de satisfacción creativa que nunca puede ser reemplazada " -"consumiendo algo creado por otro.25" +"consumen.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\" /> Si el pequeño acto " +"volitivo de pagar incluso un centavo por algo cambia nuestra percepción de " +"ese objeto, entonces definitivamente el acto de remezclarlo aumenta " +"exponencialmente nuestra percepción de él.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"1\"/> Sabemos que la gente pagará más por productos en cuya creación " +"estuvo involucrada.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Y sabemos que " +"crear algo, no importa de qué calidad, conlleva un tipo de satisfacción " +"creativa que nunca puede ser reemplazada consumiendo algo creado por otro." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2128 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Ibid., 15." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2178 msgid "Ibid., 21." -msgstr "Ibid., 15." +msgstr "Ibid., 21." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2171 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " @@ -4482,39 +4783,51 @@ msgstr "Ibid., 15." #| "social-media feeds for an hour knows all too well. In his book, Cognitive " #| "Surplus, Clay Shirky says, “To participate is to act as if your presence " #| "matters, as if, when you see something or hear something, your response " -#| "is part of the event.”26 Opening the door to your content can get people " -#| "more deeply tied to your work." +#| "is part of the event.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opening " +#| "the door to your content can get people more deeply tied to your work." msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" "media feeds for an hour knows all too well. In his book, Cognitive Surplus, " -"Clay Shirky says, “To participate is to act as if your presence matters, as " -"if, when you see something or hear something, your response is part of the " -"event.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opening the door to your " -"content can get people more deeply tied to your work." +"Clay Shirky says, <quote>To participate is to act as if your presence " +"matters, as if, when you see something or hear something, your response is " +"part of the event.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opening " +"the door to your content can get people more deeply tied to your work." msgstr "" "Comprometerse activamente con el contenido nos ayuda a evitar el tipo de " "consumo sin sentido que conoce muy bien cualquiera que haya revisado durante " "una hora sus redes sociales sin prestar atención. En su libro \"Cognitive " "Surplus\" Clay Shirky dice: “Participar es actuar como si tu presencia " "importara, como si, cuando ves algo o escuchás algo, tu respuesta fuera " -"parte del evento”.26 Abrir la puerta a tu contenido puede hacer que la gente " -"se conecte más profundamente con tu trabajo." +"parte del evento”.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\" /> Abrir la puerta " +"a tu contenido puede hacer que la gente se conecte más profundamente con tu " +"trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2184 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "Usar CC para diferenciarse" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2143 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." -msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." +msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2186 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating " +#| "under the rules of establishment players in the media. Business " +#| "strategies that are embedded in the traditional copyright system, like " +#| "using digital rights management (DRM) and signing exclusivity contracts, " +#| "can tie the hands of creators, often at the expense of the creator’s best " +#| "interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Being Made with " +#| "Creative Commons means you can function without those barriers and, in " +#| "many cases, use the increased openness as a competitive advantage. David " +#| "Harris from OpenStax said they specifically pursue strategies they know " +#| "that traditional publishers cannot. “Don’t go into a market and play by " +#| "the incumbent rules,” David said. “Change the rules of engagement.”" msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -4525,8 +4838,8 @@ msgid "" "function without those barriers and, in many cases, use the increased " "openness as a competitive advantage. David Harris from OpenStax said they " "specifically pursue strategies they know that traditional publishers cannot. " -"“Don’t go into a market and play by the incumbent rules,” David said. " -"“Change the rules of engagement.”" +"<quote>Don’t go into a market and play by the incumbent rules,</quote> David " +"said. <quote>Change the rules of engagement.</quote>" msgstr "" "Operar bajo un régimen tradicional de derecho de autor a menudo significa " "operar bajo las reglas de los jugadores establecidos en los medios. Las " @@ -4534,36 +4847,39 @@ msgstr "" "derecho de autor, como utilizar sistemas de gestión digital de derechos " "(DRM, por sus siglas en inglés) y firmar contratos de exclusividad, puede " "atar las manos de los creadores, a menudo a costa de los propios intereses " -"del creador.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Estar _Hecho con Creative Commons_ significa que se puede " -"funcionar sin esas barreras y, en muchos casos, utilizar la apertura " -"incrementada como una ventaja competitiva. David Harris de OpenStax dijo que " -"ellos específicamente persiguen estrategias que saben que los editores " -"tradicionales no pueden buscar. “No vayas al mercado y juegues según las " -"reglas impuestas”, dijo David. “Cambia las reglas del juego.”" +"del creador.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Estar _Hecho con " +"Creative Commons_ significa que se puede funcionar sin esas barreras y, en " +"muchos casos, utilizar la apertura incrementada como una ventaja " +"competitiva. David Harris de OpenStax dijo que ellos específicamente " +"persiguen estrategias que saben que los editores tradicionales no pueden " +"buscar. “No vayas al mercado y juegues según las reglas impuestas”, dijo " +"David. “Cambia las reglas del juego.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2205 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "Hacer dinero" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2215 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" -#| "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten " -#| "Nonprofit Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " -#| "2009. ssir.org/articles/entry/ten\\_nonprofit\\_funding\\_models." +#| "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, “Ten " +#| "Nonprofit Funding Models,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " +#| "2009, <ulink url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/" +#| "ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." msgid "" -"William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, “Ten Nonprofit " -"Funding Models,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009, <ulink url=" -"\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." +"William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, <quote>Ten " +"Nonprofit Funding Models,</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " +"2009, <ulink url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/" +"ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." msgstr "" -"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, y Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit " -"Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009. ssir.org/" -"articles/entry/ten\\_nonprofit\\_funding\\_models." +"William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, y Barbara Christiansen, “Ten Nonprofit " +"Funding Models,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Primavera 2009, <ulink " +"url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2207 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -4585,30 +4901,40 @@ msgstr "" "no son en realidad los beneficiarios de ese valor. Los donantes, ya sean " "instituciones filantrópicas, gobiernos o individuos interesados, proveen " "dinero a la organización a partir de un sentido de puro altruismo. Esta es " -"la forma en la que opera la donación tradicional sin ánimo de lucro.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero " -"en muchos casos, los flujos de ganancia utilizados por los emprendimientos " -"Hechos con Creative Commons están directamente atados al valor que generan, " -"donde el receptor está pagando por el valor que reciben, como cualquier " -"transacción estándar en el mercado. Aún así, en muchos otros casos,en vez " -"del típico intercambio quid pro quo de dinero por valor que típicamente " -"conduce a las transacciones en el mercado, el receptor entrega dinero a " -"partir de un sentido de reciprocidad." +"la forma en la que opera la donación tradicional sin ánimo de lucro." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero en muchos casos, los flujos " +"de ganancia utilizados por los emprendimientos Hechos con Creative Commons " +"están directamente atados al valor que generan, donde el receptor está " +"pagando por el valor que reciben, como cualquier transacción estándar en el " +"mercado. Aún así, en muchos otros casos,en vez del típico intercambio quid " +"pro quo de dinero por valor que típicamente conduce a las transacciones en " +"el mercado, el receptor entrega dinero a partir de un sentido de " +"reciprocidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2236 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2178 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring " +#| "in revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using " +#| "grant funding for content creation when research-and-development costs " +#| "are particularly high, and then finding a different revenue stream (or " +#| "streams) for ongoing expenses. As Shirky wrote, “The trick is in knowing " +#| "when markets are an optimal way of organizing interactions and when they " +#| "are not.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " "funding for content creation when research-and-development costs are " "particularly high, and then finding a different revenue stream (or streams) " -"for ongoing expenses. As Shirky wrote, “The trick is in knowing when markets " -"are an optimal way of organizing interactions and when they are " -"not.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"for ongoing expenses. As Shirky wrote, <quote>The trick is in knowing when " +"markets are an optimal way of organizing interactions and when they are not." +"</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "La mayoría de los que están Hechos con Creative Commons utilizan una " "variedad de métodos para traer ganancias, algunos de ellos basados en el " @@ -4617,10 +4943,11 @@ msgstr "" "desarrollo son particularmente altos, y luego buscar un flujo (o flujos) " "diferentes de ganancias para los gastos corrientes. Como escribió Shirky, " "“El truco está en saber cuándo los mercados son una forma óptima de " -"organizar las interacciones y cuándo no.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"organizar las interacciones y cuándo no.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2240 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -4638,38 +4965,26 @@ msgstr "" "alto de abstracción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2249 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "Flujos de ingresos basados en el mercado" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2254 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2211 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " -#| "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2261 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." msgstr "" -"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " -"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." +"Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " +"(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2201 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in " -#| "revenue is what value people are willing to pay for.30 By definition, if " -#| "you are Made with Creative Commons, the content you provide is available " -#| "for free and not a market commodity. Like the ubiquitous freemium " -#| "business model, any possible market transaction with a consumer of your " -#| "content has to be based on some added value you provide.31" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2251 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -4680,20 +4995,21 @@ msgid "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" "En el mercado, la pregunta central al determinar cómo traer ingresos es qué " -"valora la gente y por qué están dispuestos a pagar.30 Por definición, si " -"estás _Hecho con Creative Commons_, el contenido que proveés está disponible " -"de manera gratuita y no es una bien en el mercado. Al igual que el extendido " -"modelo de negocios \"freemium\", cualquier posible transacción en el mercado " -"con un consumidor de tu contenido tiene que estar basada en un tipo de valor " -"añadido que uno le provee al producto.31" +"es lo que valora la gente y por qué están dispuestos a pagar.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Por definición, si estás Hecho con Creative " +"Commons, el contenido que proveés está disponible de manera gratuita y no es " +"un bien en el mercado. Al igual que el extendido modelo de negocios " +"\"freemium\", cualquier transacción posible en el mercado con un consumidor " +"de tu contenido tiene que estar basada en un tipo de valor añadido que uno " +"le provee al producto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2277 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Anderson, Free, 71." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2267 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " @@ -4703,12 +5019,12 @@ msgstr "" #| "newspaper industry is a testament to this fact. This is compounded by the " #| "fact that at least some amount of copying is probably inevitable. That " #| "means you may end up competing with free versions of your own content, " -#| "whether you condone it or not.32 If people can easily find your content " -#| "for free, getting people to buy it will be difficult, particularly in a " -#| "context where access to content is more important than owning it. In " -#| "Free, Anderson wrote, “Copyright protection schemes, whether coded into " -#| "either law or software, are simply holding up a price against the force " -#| "of gravity.”" +#| "whether you condone it or not.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " +#| "If people can easily find your content for free, getting people to buy it " +#| "will be difficult, particularly in a context where access to content is " +#| "more important than owning it. In Free, Anderson wrote, “Copyright " +#| "protection schemes, whether coded into either law or software, are simply " +#| "holding up a price against the force of gravity.”" msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -4720,52 +5036,53 @@ msgid "" "or not.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> If people can easily find " "your content for free, getting people to buy it will be difficult, " "particularly in a context where access to content is more important than " -"owning it. In Free, Anderson wrote, “Copyright protection schemes, whether " -"coded into either law or software, are simply holding up a price against the " -"force of gravity.”" +"owning it. In Free, Anderson wrote, <quote>Copyright protection schemes, " +"whether coded into either law or software, are simply holding up a price " +"against the force of gravity.</quote>" msgstr "" "De muchas maneras, este es el camino al futuro para todas las empresas de " "contenido. En el mercado, el valor vive en las cosas que son escasas. La " -"Internet crea un universo de contenido disponible para todos gratuitamentes, " -"es difícil hacer que la getnte pague por el contenido en línea. La " -"luchadora industria periodística es un testamento de este hecho. Esto junto " -"al hecho de que al menos un poco de plagio sea probablemente inevitable. " -"Eso significa que terminaras compitiendo con versiones libres de tu propio " -"contenido, ya sea que lo aceptes o no. 32 Si la gente puede hallar tú " -"contenido sin costo, hacer que lo compren será difícil, particularmente en " -"un contexto donde el acceso al contenido es más importante que poseerlo. En " -"Free, Anderson escribió, \" Los esquemas de protección de copyright, este " -"inscrito en software o en la ley, está simplemente manteniendo un precio en " -"contra de la fuerza de la gravedad.\"" +"Internet crea un universo de contenido disponible para todos gratuitamente, " +"es difícil hacer que la gente pague por el contenido en línea. La luchadora " +"industria periodística es un testamento de este hecho. Esto junto al hecho " +"de que al menos un poco de plagio sea probablemente inevitable. Eso " +"significa que terminaras compitiendo con versiones libres de tu propio " +"contenido, ya sea que lo aceptes o no.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\" /> Si la gente puede hallar tu contenido sin costo, hacer que lo " +"compren será difícil, particularmente en un contexto donde el acceso al " +"contenido es más importante que poseerlo. En Free, Anderson escribió, \" Los " +"esquemas de protección de derechos de autor, este inscrito en software o en " +"la ley, está simplemente manteniendo un precio en contra de la fuerza de la " +"gravedad.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2246 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Ibid., 15." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2296 msgid "Ibid., 231." -msgstr "Ibid., 15." +msgstr "Ibid., 231." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2286 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future " #| "in the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one " #| "product or service becomes free, as information and content largely have " -#| "in the digital age, other things become more valuable. “Every abundance " +#| "in the digital age, other things become more valuable. “Every abundance " #| "creates a new scarcity,” he wrote. You just have to find some way other " #| "than the content to provide value to your audience or customers. As " #| "Anderson says, “It’s easy to compete with Free: simply offer something " -#| "better or at least different from the free version.”33" +#| "better or at least different from the free version.”<placeholder type=" +#| "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " "or service becomes free, as information and content largely have in the " -"digital age, other things become more valuable. “Every abundance creates a " -"new scarcity,” he wrote. You just have to find some way other than the " -"content to provide value to your audience or customers. As Anderson says, " -"“It’s easy to compete with Free: simply offer something better or at least " -"different from the free version.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"digital age, other things become more valuable. <quote>Every abundance " +"creates a new scarcity,</quote> he wrote. You just have to find some way " +"other than the content to provide value to your audience or customers. As " +"Anderson says, <quote>It’s easy to compete with Free: simply offer something " +"better or at least different from the free version.</quote><placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Por supuesto, esto no significa que las empresas de contenido no tengan " "futuro en el mercado tradicional. En Free, Anderson explica como cuando un " @@ -4773,12 +5090,12 @@ msgstr "" "largamente han sido en la era digital, otras cosas se vuelven mas valiosas. " "\" Toda abundancia crea una nueva escasez,\" escribió. Sólo tienes que " "encontrar otra via para que el contenido provea valor a tu audiencia o " -"clientela. Como dice Anderson, \"Es sencillo competir con la gratuidad: " -"simplemente ofrcece algo mejor o al menos diferente de la versión gratuita." -"\"33" +"clientela. Como dice Anderson, ”Es sencillo competir con la gratuidad: " +"simplemente ofrcece algo mejor o al menos diferente de la versión " +"gratuita.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> 1" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2300 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -4795,7 +5112,7 @@ msgstr "" "detras de _Hecho con Creative Commons_." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2309 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -4809,122 +5126,122 @@ msgstr "" "servicio asociado con un costo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2316 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "Aquí hay algunas de la categorias superiores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "#### Providing a custom service to consumers of your work *\\[MARKET-BASED" -#| "\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2320 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" -"#### Proveer servicio personalizado a los consumidores de tu trabajo *" -"\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" +"Proveer servicio personalizado a los consumidores de tu trabajo " +"<emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2280 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Ibid., 175." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2330 msgid "Ibid., 97." -msgstr "Ibid., 175." +msgstr "Ibid., 97." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2323 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The " #| "trick is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized " -#| "services are particularly valuable. As Anderson wrote, “Commodity " -#| "information (everybody gets the same version) wants to be free. " -#| "Customized information (you get something unique and meaningful to you) " -#| "wants to be expensive.”34 This can be anything from the artistic and " -#| "cultural consulting services provided by Ártica to the custom-song " -#| "business of Jonathan “Song-A-Day” Mann." +#| "services are particularly valuable. As Anderson wrote, “Commodity " +#| "information (everybody gets the same version) wants to be free. " +#| "Customized information (you get something unique and meaningful to you) " +#| "wants to be expensive.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> This can " +#| "be anything from the artistic and cultural consulting services provided " +#| "by Ártica to the custom-song business of Jonathan “Song-A-Day” Mann." msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " -"are particularly valuable. As Anderson wrote, “Commodity information " +"are particularly valuable. As Anderson wrote, <quote>Commodity information " "(everybody gets the same version) wants to be free. Customized information " -"(you get something unique and meaningful to you) wants to be " -"expensive.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> This can be anything " -"from the artistic and cultural consulting services provided by Ártica to the " -"custom-song business of Jonathan “Song-A-Day” Mann." +"(you get something unique and meaningful to you) wants to be expensive.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> This can be anything from " +"the artistic and cultural consulting services provided by Ártica to the " +"custom-song business of Jonathan <quote>Song-A-Day</quote> Mann." msgstr "" "En esta era de la abundancia de la información, no sufriremos por falta de " "contenido. El truco es encontrar contenido que se ajuste a nuestras " "necesidades y preferencias, por lo que los servicios personalizados son " "particularmente valiosos. Como escribió Anderson, \"Los bienes de contenido " "(todos obtienen la misma versión) requieren ser libres. Los contenidos " -"personalizados ( obtienes algo único y significativo para ti) requieren un " -"costo.\"34 Esto pude ser cualquier cosa desde los servicios de consultoria " -"artistica y cultural provista por Ártica hasta el negocio de canciones " -"personalizadas de Jonathan \"Una-canción-al-dia\" Mann." +"personalizados (obtienes algo único y significativo para ti) requieren un " +"costo.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\" /> Esto pude ser cualquier " +"cosa desde los servicios de consultoria artistica y cultural provista por " +"Ártica hasta el negocio de canciones personalizadas de Jonathan \"Una-" +"canción-al-dia\" Mann." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2287 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "#### Charging for the physical copy *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2338 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" -msgstr "#### Cobrando por la copia física *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" +msgstr "" +"Cobrando por la copia física <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2345 +msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." +msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 107." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2341 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " -"and atoms refer to a physical object).35 This is particularly successful in " -"domains where the digital version of the content isn’t as valuable as the " -"analog version, like book publishing where a significant subset of people " -"still prefer reading something they can hold in their hands. Or in domains " -"where the content isn’t useful until it is in physical form, like furniture " -"designs. In those situations, a significant portion of consumers will pay " -"for the convenience of having someone else put the physical version together " -"for them. Some endeavors squeeze even more out of this revenue stream by " -"using a Creative Commons license that only allows noncommercial uses, which " -"means no one else can sell physical copies of their work in competition with " -"them. This strategy of reserving commercial rights can be particularly " -"important for items like books, where every printed copy of the same work is " -"likely to be the same quality, so it is harder to differentiate one " -"publishing service from another. On the other hand, for items like furniture " -"or electronics, the provider of the physical goods can compete with other " -"providers of the same works based on quality, service, or other traditional " -"business principles." +"and atoms refer to a physical object).<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> This is particularly successful in domains where the digital version " +"of the content isn’t as valuable as the analog version, like book publishing " +"where a significant subset of people still prefer reading something they can " +"hold in their hands. Or in domains where the content isn’t useful until it " +"is in physical form, like furniture designs. In those situations, a " +"significant portion of consumers will pay for the convenience of having " +"someone else put the physical version together for them. Some endeavors " +"squeeze even more out of this revenue stream by using a Creative Commons " +"license that only allows noncommercial uses, which means no one else can " +"sell physical copies of their work in competition with them. This strategy " +"of reserving commercial rights can be particularly important for items like " +"books, where every printed copy of the same work is likely to be the same " +"quality, so it is harder to differentiate one publishing service from " +"another. On the other hand, for items like furniture or electronics, the " +"provider of the physical goods can compete with other providers of the same " +"works based on quality, service, or other traditional business principles." msgstr "" "En su libro acerca de los creadores culturales, Anderson caracterizó el " "modelo como dar los bits y vender los átomos (donde bits se refiere al " -"contenido digital y átomos se refiere a los objetos físicos).35 Esto es " -"particularmente exitoso en ámbitos donde la versión digital del contenido no " -"es tan valiosa como la versión analógica, como las editoriales donde una " -"significativa parte de la gente todavía prefiere leér algo que puedan " -"sostener con las manos. O en áreas donde el contenido no es útil hasta que " -"esta en su forma física, como el diseño de muebles. En esas situaciones, una " -"parte significativa de los consumidores pagará por la conveniencia de tener " -"alguien que ponga la versión física junto a ellos. Algunas empresas aun más " -"ventaja de este flujo de ganancias al usar una licencia Creative Commons que " -"solo permite usos no comerciales, lo que significa que nadie más puede " -"vender copias físicas de su trabajo en competencia con ellos. Esta " -"estrategia de reservar derechos comerciales pueden ser particularmente " -"importantes para artículos como libros, donde cada copia impresa del mismo " -"libro debería tener la misma calidad, por lo que es difícil de diferenciar " -"un servicio de publicación de otro. De otra parte, para artículos como " -"mobilario o electrónica, el proveedor de bienes físicos puede competir con " -"otros proveedores del mismo trabajo basado en la calidad, servicio, o algún " -"otro principio de trabajo tradicional." +"contenido digital y átomos se refiere a los objetos físicos).<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Esto es particularmente exitoso en ámbitos " +"donde la versión digital del contenido no es tan valiosa como la versión " +"analógica, como las editoriales donde una significativa parte de la gente " +"todavía prefiere leer algo que puedan sostener con las manos. O en áreas " +"donde el contenido no es útil hasta que esta en su forma física, como el " +"diseño de muebles. En esas situaciones, una parte significativa de los " +"consumidores pagará por la conveniencia de tener alguien que ponga la " +"versión física junto a ellos. Algunas empresas aun más ventaja de este flujo " +"de ganancias al usar una licencia Creative Commons que solo permite usos no " +"comerciales, lo que significa que nadie más puede vender copias físicas de " +"su trabajo en competencia con ellos. Esta estrategia de reservar derechos " +"comerciales pueden ser particularmente importantes para artículos como " +"libros, donde cada copia impresa del mismo libro debería tener la misma " +"calidad, por lo que es difícil de diferenciar un servicio de publicación de " +"otro. De otra parte, para artículos como mobiliario o electrónica, el " +"proveedor de bienes físicos puede competir con otros proveedores del mismo " +"trabajo basado en la calidad, servicio, o algún otro principio de trabajo " +"tradicional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2316 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "#### Charging for the in-person version *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" -msgstr "#### Cobrando por la versión en persona *\\[BASADA EN EL MERCADO\\]*" +msgstr "" +"Cobrando por la versión en persona <emphasis>[BASADA EN EL MERCADO]</" +"emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2372 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -4943,14 +5260,12 @@ msgstr "" "capacitación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2330 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "#### Selling merchandise *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2383 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" -msgstr "#### Vendiendo mercancia *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" +msgstr "Vendiendo mercancia <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2386 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -4963,24 +5278,12 @@ msgstr "" "Esto puede ser un flujo de ganancias importante para galerias y museos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2340 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " -#| "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. " -#| "In these revenue streams, the free content is being subsidized by an " -#| "entirely different category of people or businesses. Often, those people " -#| "or businesses are paying to access your main audience. The fact that the " -#| "content is free increases the size of the audience, which in turn makes " -#| "the offer more valuable to the paying customers. This is a variation of a " -#| "traditional business model built on free called multi-sided platforms.36 " -#| "Access to your audience isn’t the only thing people are willing to pay for" -#| "—there are other services you can provide as well." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2393 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -4996,50 +5299,36 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Algunas veces una via para encontrar un flujo de ganancias basadas en el " "mercado es proveer valor a otras personas distintas a las que consumen tu " -"contenido licenciado bajo CC. En estos flujps de ganancias, el contenido " -"gratuito es subsidiado por una categoria totalmente diferente de personas o " -"negocios. Comunmente, esas personas o negocios estan pagando para acceder a " +"contenido licenciado bajo CC. En estos flujos de ganancias, el contenido " +"gratuito es subsidiado por una categoría totalmente diferente de personas o " +"negocios. Comúnmente, esas personas o negocios están pagando para acceder a " "tu principal audiencia. El hecho de que el contenido sea gratuito incrementa " "el tamaño de la audiencia, la cual vuelve la oferta más valiosa para los " "clientes pagadores. Esta es una variación del modelo de negocios tradicional " -"creado en la llamada plataforma múlticaras. 36 El acceso a tu audiencia no " -"es la única cosa por la que la gente está dispuesta a pagar -- existen otros " -"servicios que tambien se pueden proveer." +"creado en la llamada plataforma multicaras.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> El acceso a tu audiencia no es la única cosa por la que la gente " +"está dispuesta a pagar -- existen otros servicios que también se pueden " +"proveer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2357 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "#### Charging advertisers or sponsors *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2410 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" -"#### Cobrando a los anunciantes o promotores *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" +"Cobrando a los anunciantes o promotores <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</" +"emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2365 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Ibid., 15." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2418 msgid "Ibid., 92." -msgstr "Ibid., 15." +msgstr "Ibid., 92." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2422 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Anderson, Free, 142." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2360 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " -#| "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " -#| "reach the set of eyeballs the content creators provide in the form of " -#| "their audience.37 The Internet has made this model more difficult because " -#| "the number of potential channels available to reach those eyeballs has " -#| "become essentially infinite.38 Nonetheless, it remains a viable revenue " -#| "stream for many content creators, including those who are Made with " -#| "Creative Commons. Often, instead of paying to display advertising, the " -#| "advertiser pays to be an official sponsor of particular content or " -#| "projects, or of the overall endeavor." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2413 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -5056,35 +5345,46 @@ msgstr "" "El modelo tradicional de subsidiar el contenido gratuito son los " "anunciantes. En esta versión de la plataforma multi-caras, los anunciantes " "pagan por la oportunidad de alcanzar el conjunto de visualizadores que " -"provee el contenido del creador en la forma de su audiencia. 37 El Internet " -"ha hecho este modelo más difícil porque el número de canales poteniales " -"disponibles para alcanzar esos visualizadores se ha vuelto esencialmente " -"infinito. 38 No obstante, se mantiene como un flujo de ganancias para muchos " -"creadores de contenido, incluyendo aquellos que son Hechos con Creative " -"Commons. Frecuentemente, en vez de pagar para desplegar anuncias, el " -"anunciante paga por ser un promotor oficial de un contenido o proyecto " +"provee el contenido del creador en la forma de su audiencia.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El Internet ha hecho este modelo más difícil " +"porque el número de canales poteniales disponibles para alcanzar esos " +"visualizadores se ha vuelto esencialmente infinit0.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> No obstante, se mantiene como un flujo de ganancias " +"para muchos creadores de contenido, incluyendo aquellos que son Hechos con " +"Creative Commons. Frecuentemente, en vez de pagar para desplegar anuncias, " +"el anunciante paga por ser un promotor oficial de un contenido o proyecto " "particular, o de toda la empresa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2378 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "#### Charging your content creators *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2431 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" -"#### Cobrando a los creadores de contenido *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" +"Cobrando a los creadores de contenido <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</" +"emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2434 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators " +#| "themselves pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue " +#| "stream is only available to those who rely on work created, at least in " +#| "part, by others. The most well-known version of this model is the “author-" +#| "processing charge” of open-access journals like those published by the " +#| "Public Library of Science, but there are other variations. The " +#| "Conversation is primarily funded by a university-membership model, where " +#| "universities pay to have their faculties participate as writers of the " +#| "content on the Conversation website." msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " "available to those who rely on work created, at least in part, by others. " -"The most well-known version of this model is the “author-processing charge” " -"of open-access journals like those published by the Public Library of " -"Science, but there are other variations. The Conversation is primarily " -"funded by a university-membership model, where universities pay to have " -"their faculties participate as writers of the content on the Conversation " -"website." +"The most well-known version of this model is the <quote>author-processing " +"charge</quote> of open-access journals like those published by the Public " +"Library of Science, but there are other variations. The Conversation is " +"primarily funded by a university-membership model, where universities pay to " +"have their faculties participate as writers of the content on the " +"Conversation website." msgstr "" "Otro tipo de plataforma multi-cara es donde los creadores de contenido " "mismos pagan para ser exhibidos en la plataforma. Obviamente, este flujo de " @@ -5098,30 +5398,19 @@ msgstr "" "contenido del website de The Conversation." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2395 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "#### Charging a transaction fee *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2448 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" -msgstr "#### Cobrando una cuota por transacción *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" +msgstr "" +"Cobrando una cuota por transacción <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</" +"emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2398 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " -#| "transactions between parties.39 Curation is an important element of this " -#| "model. Platforms like the Noun Project add value by wading through CC-" -#| "licensed content to curate a high-quality set and then derive revenue " -#| "when creators of that content make transactions with customers. Other " -#| "platforms make money when service providers transact with their " -#| "customers; for example, Opendesk makes money every time someone on their " -#| "site pays a maker to make furniture based on one of the designs on the " -#| "platform." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2451 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -5134,27 +5423,26 @@ msgid "" "of the designs on the platform." msgstr "" "Esta es una versión del modelo tradicionale de negocios basado en gestionar " -"transacciones entre participantes. 39 La curaduría es un elemento importante " -"de este modelo. Plataformas como Noun Proyect agregan valor al introducirse " -"a través de contenido licenciado bajo CC al realizar la curaduría a un " -"conjunto de calidad superior y entonces obtener una ganacia cuando los " -"creadores del contenido realizan transacciones con los clientes. Otras " -"plataformas hacen dinero cuando los proveedores de servicios realizan " -"transacciones con sus clientes; por ejemplo, Opendesk hace dinero cada vez " -"que alguien en su sitio le paga a un creador para hacer mobilario basado en " -"uno de los diseños en su plataforma." +"transacciones entre participantes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " +"La curaduría es un elemento importante de este modelo. Plataformas como Noun " +"Proyect agregan valor al introducirse a través de contenido licenciado bajo " +"CC al realizar la curaduría a un conjunto de calidad superior y entonces " +"obtener una ganacia cuando los creadores del contenido realizan " +"transacciones con los clientes. Otras plataformas hacen dinero cuando los " +"proveedores de servicios realizan transacciones con sus clientes; por " +"ejemplo, Opendesk hace dinero cada vez que alguien en su sitio le paga a un " +"creador para hacer mobilario basado en uno de los diseños en su plataforma." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2412 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "#### Providing a service to your creators *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2465 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" -"#### Proporcionando un servicio a sus creadores *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" +"Proporcionando un servicio a sus creadores <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</" +"emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2468 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -5172,14 +5460,13 @@ msgstr "" "reusable y localizable." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2425 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "#### Licensing a trademark *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" -msgstr "#### Licenciando una marca registrada *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*" +msgstr "" +"Licenciando una marca registrada <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -5200,12 +5487,12 @@ msgstr "" "mientras se toma ventaja de la abundancia del contenido bajo CC." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2493 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "Flujos de ingresos basados en la reciprocidad" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2495 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -5218,7 +5505,18 @@ msgstr "" "hecho dinero. No era simplemente acerca de monetizar la escasez." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2502 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " +#| "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " +#| "about providing value, building a relationship, and then eventually " +#| "finding some money that flows back out of a sense of reciprocity. While " +#| "some look like traditional nonprofit funding models, they aren’t charity. " +#| "The endeavor exchange value with people, just not necessarily " +#| "synchronously or in a way that requires that those values be equal. As " +#| "David Bollier wrote in Think Like a Commoner, “There is no self-serving " +#| "calculation of whether the value given and received is strictly equal.”" msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -5227,8 +5525,8 @@ msgid "" "like traditional nonprofit funding models, they aren’t charity. The endeavor " "exchange value with people, just not necessarily synchronously or in a way " "that requires that those values be equal. As David Bollier wrote in Think " -"Like a Commoner, “There is no self-serving calculation of whether the value " -"given and received is strictly equal.”" +"Like a Commoner, <quote>There is no self-serving calculation of whether the " +"value given and received is strictly equal.</quote>" msgstr "" "En vez de divisar un esquema para hacer que la gente pague dinero en " "intercambio por algun valor directo provisto, muchos de los flujos de " @@ -5242,13 +5540,20 @@ msgstr "" "valor dado y recibido sean estrictamente iguales.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2515 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your " +#| "friends and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get " +#| "back. David Bollier wrote, “Reciprocal social exchange lies at the heart " +#| "of human identity, community and culture. It is a vital brain function " +#| "that helps the human species survive and evolve.”" msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " -"Bollier wrote, “Reciprocal social exchange lies at the heart of human " +"Bollier wrote, <quote>Reciprocal social exchange lies at the heart of human " "identity, community and culture. It is a vital brain function that helps the " -"human species survive and evolve.”" +"human species survive and evolve.</quote>" msgstr "" "Esta debería ser una dinámica familiar -- ese es el camino con el que lidias " "con tús amigos y tú familia. Damos sin importarnos el que y cuando " @@ -5258,25 +5563,17 @@ msgstr "" "evolucionar.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2525 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2476 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Ibid., 145." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529 msgid "Ibid., 134." -msgstr "Ibid., 145." +msgstr "Ibid., 134." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2470 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " -#| "that also engages with the market.40 We almost can’t help but think of " -#| "relationships in the market as being centered on an even-steven exchange " -#| "of value.41" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2523 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -5285,21 +5582,20 @@ msgid "" "id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" "Lo que es raro es incorporar este tipo de relaciones en una empresa que " -"también se involucra en el mercado.40 No podemos sino pensar que las " -"relaciones del mercado como centradas en un intercambio equitativo del " -"valor.41" +"también se involucra en el mercado.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " +"No podemos sino pensar que las relaciones del mercado como centradas en un " +"intercambio equitativo del valor.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2481 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "#### Memberships and individual donations *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2534 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" -"#### Membresías y donaciones individuales *\\[BASADAS EN LA RECIPROCIDAD\\]*" +"Membresías y donaciones individuales <emphasis>[BASADAS EN LA RECIPROCIDAD]</" +"emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2537 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -5325,23 +5621,33 @@ msgstr "" "estratega triunfe." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2500 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "#### The pay-what-you-want model *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2553 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" -msgstr "#### El modelo paga lo que quieres *\\[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD\\]*" +msgstr "" +"El modelo paga lo que quieres <emphasis>[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2556 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons " +#| "content is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is " +#| "appropriate, based on the public and personal value they feel is " +#| "generated by the open content. Critically, these models are not touted as " +#| "“buying” something free. They are similar to a tip jar. People make " +#| "financial contributions as an act of gratitude. These models capitalize " +#| "on the fact that we are naturally inclined to give money for things we " +#| "value in the marketplace, even in situations where we could find a way to " +#| "get it for free." msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " "the public and personal value they feel is generated by the open content. " -"Critically, these models are not touted as “buying” something free. They are " -"similar to a tip jar. People make financial contributions as an act of " -"gratitude. These models capitalize on the fact that we are naturally " -"inclined to give money for things we value in the marketplace, even in " -"situations where we could find a way to get it for free." +"Critically, these models are not touted as <quote>buying</quote> something " +"free. They are similar to a tip jar. People make financial contributions as " +"an act of gratitude. These models capitalize on the fact that we are " +"naturally inclined to give money for things we value in the marketplace, " +"even in situations where we could find a way to get it for free." msgstr "" "En el modelo paga-lo-que-quieras, el beneficiario del contenido bajo " "Creative Commons es invitado a dar —cualquier cantidad que puedan y gusten " @@ -5354,14 +5660,28 @@ msgstr "" "donde podríamos encontrar la manera de obtenerlas gratuitamente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2516 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "#### Crowdfunding *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2569 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" -msgstr "#### Financiamiento Comunitario *\\[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD\\]*" +msgstr "" +"Financiamiento Comunitario <emphasis>[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2572 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " +#| "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is " +#| "Made with Creative Commons, anyone who wants the work in question could " +#| "simply wait until it’s created and then access it for free. That means, " +#| "for this model to work, people have to care about more than just " +#| "receiving the work. They have to want you to succeed. Amanda Palmer " +#| "credits the success of her crowdfunding on Kickstarter and Patreon to the " +#| "years she spent building her community and creating a connection with her " +#| "fans. She wrote in The Art of Asking, “Good art is made, good art is " +#| "shared, help is offered, ears are bent, emotions are exchanged, the " +#| "compost of real, deep connection is sprayed all over the fields. Then one " +#| "day, the artist steps up and asks for something. And if the ground has " +#| "been fertilized enough, the audience says, without hesitation: of course.”" msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -5371,11 +5691,11 @@ msgid "" "They have to want you to succeed. Amanda Palmer credits the success of her " "crowdfunding on Kickstarter and Patreon to the years she spent building her " "community and creating a connection with her fans. She wrote in The Art of " -"Asking, “Good art is made, good art is shared, help is offered, ears are " -"bent, emotions are exchanged, the compost of real, deep connection is " +"Asking, <quote>Good art is made, good art is shared, help is offered, ears " +"are bent, emotions are exchanged, the compost of real, deep connection is " "sprayed all over the fields. Then one day, the artist steps up and asks for " "something. And if the ground has been fertilized enough, the audience says, " -"without hesitation: of course.”" +"without hesitation: of course.</quote>" msgstr "" "Los modelos de financiamiento comunitario estan basados en recolectar el " "costo de crear y distribuir el contenido antes de que el contenido sea " @@ -5394,7 +5714,7 @@ msgstr "" "duda alguna: por supuesto.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2590 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -5412,25 +5732,39 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad bibliotecaria y con la idea de acceso abierto general." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2601 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "Creando Conexiones Humanas" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2603 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " +#| "language like “persuading people to buy” and “inviting people to pay.” We " +#| "heard it even in connection with revenue streams that sit squarely within " +#| "the market. Cory Doctorow told us, “I have to convince my readers that " +#| "the right thing to do is to pay me.” The founders of the for-profit " +#| "company Lumen Learning showed us the letter they send to those who opt " +#| "not to pay for the services they provide in connection with their CC-" +#| "licensed educational content. It isn’t a cease-and-desist letter; it’s an " +#| "invitation to pay because it’s the right thing to do. This sort of " +#| "behavior toward what could be considered nonpaying customers is largely " +#| "unheard of in the traditional marketplace. But it seems to be part of the " +#| "fabric of being Made with Creative Commons." msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " -"language like “persuading people to buy” and “inviting people to pay.” We " -"heard it even in connection with revenue streams that sit squarely within " -"the market. Cory Doctorow told us, “I have to convince my readers that the " -"right thing to do is to pay me.” The founders of the for-profit company " -"Lumen Learning showed us the letter they send to those who opt not to pay " -"for the services they provide in connection with their CC-licensed " -"educational content. It isn’t a cease-and-desist letter; it’s an invitation " -"to pay because it’s the right thing to do. This sort of behavior toward what " -"could be considered nonpaying customers is largely unheard of in the " -"traditional marketplace. But it seems to be part of the fabric of being Made " -"with Creative Commons." +"language like <quote>persuading people to buy</quote> and <quote>inviting " +"people to pay.</quote> We heard it even in connection with revenue streams " +"that sit squarely within the market. Cory Doctorow told us, <quote>I have to " +"convince my readers that the right thing to do is to pay me.</quote> The " +"founders of the for-profit company Lumen Learning showed us the letter they " +"send to those who opt not to pay for the services they provide in connection " +"with their CC-licensed educational content. It isn’t a cease-and-desist " +"letter; it’s an invitation to pay because it’s the right thing to do. This " +"sort of behavior toward what could be considered nonpaying customers is " +"largely unheard of in the traditional marketplace. But it seems to be part " +"of the fabric of being Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "" "Independientemente de como hagan dinero, en nuestras entrevistas, " "repetidamente escuchamos lenguaje como \"persuadirlos a comprar\" y " @@ -5446,13 +5780,22 @@ msgstr "" "tradicional. Pero parece ser parte de tejido de _Hecho con Creative Commons_." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people " +#| "being invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content " +#| "is to being “the product,” the more pronounced this dynamic has to be. " +#| "Rather than simply selling a product or service, they are making " +#| "ideological, personal, and creative connections with the people who value " +#| "what they do." msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " -"being “the product,” the more pronounced this dynamic has to be. Rather than " -"simply selling a product or service, they are making ideological, personal, " -"and creative connections with the people who value what they do." +"being <quote>the product,</quote> the more pronounced this dynamic has to " +"be. Rather than simply selling a product or service, they are making " +"ideological, personal, and creative connections with the people who value " +"what they do." msgstr "" "Casi todas las empresas que describimos se apoyan, al menos en parte, en " "gente enla que se invierte en lo que ellos hacen. Entre más cercano sea que " @@ -5462,7 +5805,7 @@ msgstr "" "creativas con las personas que valoran lo que ellos hacen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2628 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -5473,7 +5816,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -5484,7 +5827,7 @@ msgstr "" "que yo estaba mal en muchos aspectos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2638 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -5506,7 +5849,7 @@ msgstr "" "acompaña a compartir. Tienes que ampliar la óptica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2649 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -5532,7 +5875,7 @@ msgstr "" "conexiones contigo, con tú trabajoj, con tús valores, con todos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -5545,25 +5888,21 @@ msgstr "" "con todos. Para recordarnos como es realmente el compartir." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670 msgid "Be human" msgstr "Ser humano" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2620 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " -#| "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2674 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." msgstr "" -"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " -"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." +"Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " +"Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2672 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -5573,28 +5912,24 @@ msgid "" "ways, it can also make it easy forget we are dealing with another human." msgstr "" "Los seres humanos son animales sociales, lo que significa que estamos " -"naturalmente inclinados a tratarnos mutuamente bien.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero mientras más " -"lejano seamos de la persona con la que interactuamos, nuestro comportamiento " -"será menos atento. Mientras el Internet ha democratizado la producción " -"cultural, incrementado el acceso al conocimiento y nos ha conectado de " -"maneras extraordinarias, tambien puede hacer fácil que nos olvidemos que " -"estamos tratando con otro ser humano." +"naturalmente inclinados a tratarnos mutuamente bien.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero mientras más lejano seamos de la persona con la " +"que interactuamos, nuestro comportamiento será menos atento. Mientras el " +"Internet ha democratizado la producción cultural, incrementado el acceso " +"al conocimiento y nos ha conectado de maneras extraordinarias, tambien puede " +"hacer fácil que nos olvidemos que estamos tratando con otro ser humano." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2644 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " -#| "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2698 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." msgstr "" -"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " -"Discovered. Nueva York: Workman, 2014." +"Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " +"Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2685 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " @@ -5606,19 +5941,20 @@ msgstr "" #| "know where things came from, how they were made, and who made them. The " #| "stories you tell about the work you do have a huge effect on how people " #| "feel and what they understand about your work, and how people feel and " -#| "what they understand about your work affects how they value it.”43" +#| "what they understand about your work affects how they value " +#| "it.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " "licenses work to demonstrate their humanity. For some, this means pouring " "their lives out on the page. For others, it means showing their creative " "process, giving a glimpse into how they do what they do. As writer Austin " -"Kleon wrote, “Our work doesn’t speak for itself. Human beings want to know " -"where things came from, how they were made, and who made them. The stories " -"you tell about the work you do have a huge effect on how people feel and " -"what they understand about your work, and how people feel and what they " -"understand about your work affects how they value it.”<placeholder type=" -"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"Kleon wrote, <quote>Our work doesn’t speak for itself. Human beings want to " +"know where things came from, how they were made, and who made them. The " +"stories you tell about the work you do have a huge effect on how people feel " +"and what they understand about your work, and how people feel and what they " +"understand about your work affects how they value it.</quote><placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Para contrarrestar las tendencias anónimas e impersonales de cómo operamos " "en línea, las corporaciones y los creadores individuales quienes usan las " @@ -5631,19 +5967,31 @@ msgstr "" "acerca del trabajo que haces tienen un gran efecto en como se siente la " "gente y lo que entienden acerca de tu trabajo, y como se sienten las " "personas y lo que ellos entienden acerca de tú trabajo afecta la manera en " -"que te valoran a tí.\"43" +"que te valoran a tí.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2704 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about " +#| "being a “brand.” That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " +#| "Palmer says, “When you’re afraid of someone’s judgment, you can’t connect " +#| "with them. You’re too preoccupied with the task of impressing them.” Not " +#| "everyone is suited to live life as an open book like Palmer, and that’s " +#| "OK. There are a lot of ways to be human. The trick is just avoiding " +#| "pretense and the temptation to artificially craft an image. People don’t " +#| "just want the glossy version of you. They can’t relate to it, at least " +#| "not in a meaningful way." msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " -"“brand.” That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda Palmer says, " -"“When you’re afraid of someone’s judgment, you can’t connect with them. " -"You’re too preoccupied with the task of impressing them.” Not everyone is " -"suited to live life as an open book like Palmer, and that’s OK. There are a " -"lot of ways to be human. The trick is just avoiding pretense and the " -"temptation to artificially craft an image. People don’t just want the glossy " -"version of you. They can’t relate to it, at least not in a meaningful way." +"<quote>brand.</quote> That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda " +"Palmer says, <quote>When you’re afraid of someone’s judgment, you can’t " +"connect with them. You’re too preoccupied with the task of impressing them.</" +"quote> Not everyone is suited to live life as an open book like Palmer, and " +"that’s OK. There are a lot of ways to be human. The trick is just avoiding " +"pretense and the temptation to artificially craft an image. People don’t " +"just want the glossy version of you. They can’t relate to it, at least not " +"in a meaningful way." msgstr "" "Un componente crítico para hacer esto efectivamente es no preocuparse acerca " "de ser una \"marca\". Eso significa no preocuparse de ser vulnerable. Amanda " @@ -5656,21 +6004,31 @@ msgstr "" "menos no de una manera significativa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2725 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Kramer, Shareology, 76." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2717 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and " +#| "organizations because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman " +#| "(though in the United States, corporations are people!). When " +#| "corporations and organizations make the people behind them more apparent, " +#| "it reminds people that they are dealing with something other than an " +#| "anonymous corporate entity. In business-speak, this is about “humanizing " +#| "your interactions” with the public.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +#| "\"0\"/> But it can’t be a gimmick. You can’t fake being human." msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " "States, corporations are people!). When corporations and organizations make " "the people behind them more apparent, it reminds people that they are " "dealing with something other than an anonymous corporate entity. In business-" -"speak, this is about “humanizing your interactions” with the public." -"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But it can’t be a gimmick. You " -"can’t fake being human." +"speak, this is about <quote>humanizing your interactions</quote> with the " +"public.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But it can’t be a gimmick. " +"You can’t fake being human." msgstr "" "Este consejo es probablemente más importante para los negocios y las " "organizaciones porque instintivamente los concebimos como no humanos " @@ -5678,26 +6036,27 @@ msgstr "" "corporaciones y las organizaciones hacen a la gente detras de ellas más " "perceptible, le recuerda a la gente que están tratando con algo más que una " "entidad corporativa anónima. En el lenguaje de los negocios, esto es acerca " -"de \"humanizar sus interacciones\" con el público.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero no puede ser una " -"representación. No puedes simular ser humano." +"de \"humanizar sus interacciones\" con el público.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero no puede ser una representación. No puedes " +"simular ser humano." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2731 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "Sé abierto y responsable" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2740 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2745 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2733 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you " @@ -5705,58 +6064,45 @@ msgstr "" #| "us, “One of the most surprising things you can do in capitalism is just " #| "be honest with people.” That means sharing the good and the bad. As " #| "Amanda Palmer wrote, “You can fix almost anything by authentically " -#| "communicating.”45 It isn’t about trying to satisfy everyone or trying to " -#| "sugarcoat mistakes or bad news, but instead about explaining your " -#| "rationale and then being prepared to defend it when people are critical.46" +#| "communicating.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It isn’t about " +#| "trying to satisfy everyone or trying to sugarcoat mistakes or bad news, " +#| "but instead about explaining your rationale and then being prepared to " +#| "defend it when people are critical.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +#| "\"1\"/>" msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " -"“One of the most surprising things you can do in capitalism is just be " -"honest with people.” That means sharing the good and the bad. As Amanda " -"Palmer wrote, “You can fix almost anything by authentically " -"communicating.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It isn’t about " -"trying to satisfy everyone or trying to sugarcoat mistakes or bad news, but " -"instead about explaining your rationale and then being prepared to defend it " -"when people are critical.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"<quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in capitalism is just be " +"honest with people.</quote> That means sharing the good and the bad. As " +"Amanda Palmer wrote, <quote>You can fix almost anything by authentically " +"communicating.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It isn’t " +"about trying to satisfy everyone or trying to sugarcoat mistakes or bad " +"news, but instead about explaining your rationale and then being prepared to " +"defend it when people are critical.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" "La Transpariencia ayuda a las personas a entender quien eres y porque haces " "lo que haces, pero también inspira confianza. Max Temkin de Cards Against " "Humanity nos comenta, \"Una de las cosas más sorprendentes que puedes hacer " "en el capitalismo es ser honesto con la gente.\" Eso significa compartir lo " "bueno y lo malo. Como escribió Amanda Palmer, \"Puedes arreglar casi todo " -"con genuina comunicación.\"45 No es tratar de satisfacer a todos o tratar de " -"endulzar los errores o las malas noticias, sino explicar tu razonamiento y " -"de estar preparado para defenderlo cuando la gente es crítica.46" +"con genuina comunicación.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> No es " +"tratar de satisfacer a todos o tratar de endulzar los errores o las malas " +"noticias, sino explicar tu razonamiento y de estar preparado para " +"defenderlo cuando la gente es crítica.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2699 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2754 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." -msgstr "" -"Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005." +msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2694 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to " -#| "James Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" -#| "denominator solutions and avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that " -#| "cultivates healthy collaboration.47 Instead, it can be as simple as " -#| "asking for input and then giving context and explanation about decisions " -#| "you make, even if soliciting feedback and inviting discourse is time-" -#| "consuming. If you don’t go through the effort to actually respond to the " -#| "input you receive, it can be worse than not inviting input in the first " -#| "place.48 But when you get it right, it can guarantee the type of " -#| "diversity of thought that helps endeavors excel. And it is another way to " -#| "get people involved and invested in what you do." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2749 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -5774,49 +6120,50 @@ msgstr "" "Ser responsable no significa operar en concenso. De acuerdo a James " "Surowiecki, los grupos guiados por el concenso tienden a recurrir a las " "soluciones del menor común denominador y evitan el tipo de intercambio de " -"ideas honesto y desprejuiciado que se cultiva en las colaboraciones sanas. " -"47 En cambio, puede ser tan simple como solicitar un comentario y dar " -"contexto y explicación acerca de la decisiones que se han tomado, incluso si " -"solicitar realimentación e invitar al intercambio de ideas lleva su tiempo. " -"Si no realizas el esfuerzo de responder a los comentarios que recibes, puede " -"ser peor que no solicitar esos comentarios en primer lugar. 48 Pero cuando " -"lo haces bien, puede garantizar el tipo de diversidad de pensamientos que " -"ayuda a las empresas a distinguirse. Y es otro camino para hacer que la " -"gente se involucre y se interese en lo que hace." +"ideas honesto y desprejuiciado que se cultiva en las colaboraciones sanas." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> En cambio, puede ser tan simple " +"como solicitar un comentario y dar contexto y explicación acerca de la " +"decisiones que se han tomado, incluso si solicitar realimentación e invitar " +"al intercambio de ideas lleva su tiempo. Si no realizas el esfuerzo de " +"responder a los comentarios que recibes, puede ser peor que no solicitar " +"esos comentarios en primer lugar.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> " +"Pero cuando lo haces bien, puede garantizar el tipo de diversidad de " +"pensamientos que ayuda a las empresas a distinguirse. Y es otro camino para " +"hacer que la gente se involucre y se interese en lo que hace." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2769 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "Diseñar para los buenos actores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2723 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Ibid., 15." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2778 msgid "Ibid., 31." -msgstr "Ibid., 15." +msgstr "Ibid., 31." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2716 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2771 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " -#| "own economic self-interest.49 Any relatively introspective human knows " -#| "this is a fiction—we are much more complicated beings with a whole range " -#| "of needs, emotions, and motivations. In fact, we are hardwired to work " -#| "together and ensure fairness.50 Being Made with Creative Commons requires " -#| "an assumption that people will largely act on those social motivations, " -#| "motivations that would be considered “irrational” in an economic sense. " -#| "As Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us, “It is best to ignore people who " -#| "try to scare you about free riding. That fear is based on a very shallow " -#| "view of what motivates human behavior.” There will always be people who " -#| "will act in purely selfish ways, but endeavors that are Made with " -#| "Creative Commons design for the good actors." +#| "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " +#| "relatively introspective human knows this is a fiction—we are much more " +#| "complicated beings with a whole range of needs, emotions, and " +#| "motivations. In fact, we are hardwired to work together and ensure " +#| "fairness.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Being Made with " +#| "Creative Commons requires an assumption that people will largely act on " +#| "those social motivations, motivations that would be considered " +#| "“irrational” in an economic sense. As Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told " +#| "us, “It is best to ignore people who try to scare you about free riding. " +#| "That fear is based on a very shallow view of what motivates human " +#| "behavior.” There will always be people who will act in purely selfish " +#| "ways, but endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons design for the " +#| "good actors." msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -5825,19 +6172,20 @@ msgid "" "In fact, we are hardwired to work together and ensure fairness.<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Being Made with Creative Commons requires an " "assumption that people will largely act on those social motivations, " -"motivations that would be considered “irrational” in an economic sense. As " -"Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us, “It is best to ignore people who try " -"to scare you about free riding. That fear is based on a very shallow view of " -"what motivates human behavior.” There will always be people who will act in " -"purely selfish ways, but endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons " -"design for the good actors." +"motivations that would be considered <quote>irrational</quote> in an " +"economic sense. As Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us, <quote>It is best " +"to ignore people who try to scare you about free riding. That fear is based " +"on a very shallow view of what motivates human behavior.</quote> There will " +"always be people who will act in purely selfish ways, but endeavors that are " +"Made with Creative Commons design for the good actors." msgstr "" "La economía tradicional asume que la gente toma decisiones basadas " -"únicamente en sus propios intereses económicos.49 Cualquier ser humano " -"relativamente introspectivo sabe que eso es una ficción—somos seres mucho " -"más complicados con un amplio rango de necesidades, emociones, y " -"motivaciones. De hecho, estamos hechos para trabajar juntos y grantizar la " -"equidad.50 Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ requiere creer que la gente " +"únicamente en sus propios intereses económicos.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +"\" id=\"0\"/> Cualquier ser humano relativamente introspectivo sabe que eso " +"es una ficción—somos seres mucho más complicados con un amplio rango de " +"necesidades, emociones, y motivaciones. De hecho, estamos hechos para " +"trabajar juntos y grantizar la equidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"1\"/> Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ requiere creer que la gente " "actuará mayormente sobre esas motivaciones sociales, motivaciones que puden " "ser consideradas \"irracionales\" en un sentido económico. Como dijo Pinter " "de Knowledge Unlatched, \"Es mejor ignorar a la gente que trata de " @@ -5847,62 +6195,70 @@ msgstr "" "con Creative Commons están diseñados para los buenos actores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2797 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2791 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" #| "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems that " #| "assume people will act in ways that create public goods, and that give " #| "them opportunities and rewards for doing so, often let them work together " -#| "better than neoclassical economics would predict.”51 When we acknowledge " -#| "that people are often motivated by something other than financial self-" -#| "interest, we design our endeavors in ways that encourage and accentuate " -#| "our social instincts." +#| "better than neoclassical economics would predict.”<placeholder type=" +#| "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> When we acknowledge that people are often " +#| "motivated by something other than financial self-interest, we design our " +#| "endeavors in ways that encourage and accentuate our social instincts." msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" -"fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems that assume " -"people will act in ways that create public goods, and that give them " +"fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, <quote>Systems that " +"assume people will act in ways that create public goods, and that give them " "opportunities and rewards for doing so, often let them work together better " -"than neoclassical economics would predict.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" -"\"0\"/> When we acknowledge that people are often motivated by something " -"other than financial self-interest, we design our endeavors in ways that " -"encourage and accentuate our social instincts." +"than neoclassical economics would predict.</quote><placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> When we acknowledge that people are often motivated " +"by something other than financial self-interest, we design our endeavors in " +"ways that encourage and accentuate our social instincts." msgstr "" "La presunción de que las personas harán lo correcto una profecía " "autocumplida. Shirky escribió en Cognitive Surplus, \"Los sistemas que " "presuponen que la gente actuará de manera que creen bienes públicos, y que " "darles la oportunidades y recompensas por hacerlo, comunmente les permite " "trabajan juntos mejor que lo que hubieran predicho la economía neoclásica." -"\"51 Cuando aceptamos que la gente es comunmente motivada por algo más que " -"interés personal financiero, diseñamos nuestras empresas de maneras que " -"inspiren y acentuen nuestros instintos sociales." +"\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Cuando aceptamos que la gente es " +"comunmente motivada por algo más que interés personal financiero, diseñamos " +"nuestras empresas de maneras que inspiren y acentuen nuestros instintos " +"sociales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2758 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2815 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." -msgstr "" -"Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005." +msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2804 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " +#| "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " +#| "our daily lives are already built on trust. As Surowiecki wrote in The " +#| "Wisdom of Crowds, “It’s impossible for a society to rely on law alone to " +#| "make sure citizens act honestly and responsibly. And it’s impossible for " +#| "any organization to rely on contracts alone to make sure that its " +#| "managers and workers live up to their obligation.” Instead, we largely " +#| "trust that people—mostly strangers—will do what they are supposed to do." +#| "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> And most often, they do." msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " "our daily lives are already built on trust. As Surowiecki wrote in The " -"Wisdom of Crowds, “It’s impossible for a society to rely on law alone to " -"make sure citizens act honestly and responsibly. And it’s impossible for any " -"organization to rely on contracts alone to make sure that its managers and " -"workers live up to their obligation.” Instead, we largely trust that people—" -"mostly strangers—will do what they are supposed to do.<placeholder type=" -"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> And most often, they do." +"Wisdom of Crowds, <quote>It’s impossible for a society to rely on law alone " +"to make sure citizens act honestly and responsibly. And it’s impossible for " +"any organization to rely on contracts alone to make sure that its managers " +"and workers live up to their obligation.</quote> Instead, we largely trust " +"that people—mostly strangers—will do what they are supposed to do." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> And most often, they do." msgstr "" "En vez de tratar de ejercer control sobre el comportamiento de la gente, " "este modo de operar requiere un cierto nivel de confianza. Puede que no nos " @@ -5912,58 +6268,60 @@ msgstr "" "actuen responsable y honestamente. Y es imposible para una organización " "descansar únicamente en los contratos para garantizar que sus trabajadores y " "directivos vivan su obligación.\" Confiamos que la gente —la mayoría " -"desconocidos— hará lo que se supone que debn hacer.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Y muy comunmente, lo " -"hacen." +"desconocidos— hará lo que se supone que debn hacer.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Y muy comunmente, lo hacen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2820 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "Trata a los seres humanos como, bueno, humanos" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2825 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2833 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2822 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like " -#| "fans. As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”53 " -#| "Even if you happen to be one of the few to reach celebrity levels of " -#| "fame, you are better off remembering that the people who follow your work " -#| "are human, too. Cory Doctorow makes a point to answer every single email " -#| "someone sends him. Amanda Palmer spends vast quantities of time going " -#| "online to communicate with her public, making a point to listen just as " -#| "much as she talks.54" +#| "fans. As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan " +#| "first.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Even if you happen to be " +#| "one of the few to reach celebrity levels of fame, you are better off " +#| "remembering that the people who follow your work are human, too. Cory " +#| "Doctorow makes a point to answer every single email someone sends him. " +#| "Amanda Palmer spends vast quantities of time going online to communicate " +#| "with her public, making a point to listen just as much as she talks." +#| "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " -"As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Even if you happen to be one of the few to " -"reach celebrity levels of fame, you are better off remembering that the " -"people who follow your work are human, too. Cory Doctorow makes a point to " -"answer every single email someone sends him. Amanda Palmer spends vast " -"quantities of time going online to communicate with her public, making a " -"point to listen just as much as she talks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" -"\"1\"/>" +"As Kleon says, <quote>If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Even if you happen to be one " +"of the few to reach celebrity levels of fame, you are better off remembering " +"that the people who follow your work are human, too. Cory Doctorow makes a " +"point to answer every single email someone sends him. Amanda Palmer spends " +"vast quantities of time going online to communicate with her public, making " +"a point to listen just as much as she talks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" "Para los creadores, tratar a la gente como humanos significa no tratarlos " "como fans. Como dice Kleon, \"Si tu quieres fans, tienes que ser un fan " -"primero.\"53 Incluso si ocurre que tu eres uno de los pocos que alcanzan " -"niveles de fama de celebridad, estaras mejor recordando que las personas que " -"siguen tu trabajo son seres humanos también. Cory Doctorow hace un punto " -"contestando cada correo electrónico que alguien le envie. Amanda Palmer " -"emplea amplias cantidades de tiempo estando en línea para comunicarse con su " -"público, haciendo un punto al escuchar tanto como habla. 54" +"primero.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Incluso si ocurre que tu " +"eres uno de los pocos que alcanzan niveles de fama de celebridad, estaras " +"mejor recordando que las personas que siguen tu trabajo son seres humanos " +"también. Cory Doctorow hace un punto contestando cada correo electrónico que " +"alguien le envie. Amanda Palmer emplea amplias cantidades de tiempo estando " +"en línea para comunicarse con su público, haciendo un punto al escuchar " +"tanto como habla.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2837 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -5975,32 +6333,17 @@ msgstr "" "con los usuarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2848 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2801 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Ibid., 15." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2858 msgid "Ibid., 105." -msgstr "Ibid., 15." +msgstr "Ibid., 105." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2786 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " -#| "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too " -#| "easy to destroy them if you make the mistake of treating people as " -#| "anonymous customers or free labor.55 Platforms that rely on content from " -#| "contributors are especially at risk of creating an exploitative dynamic. " -#| "It is important to find ways to acknowledge and pay back the value that " -#| "contributors generate. That does not mean you can solve this problem by " -#| "simply paying contributors for their time or contributions. As soon as we " -#| "introduce money into a relationship—at least when it takes a form of " -#| "paying monetary value in exchange for other value—it can dramatically " -#| "change the dynamic.56" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2843 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -6017,23 +6360,24 @@ msgstr "" "Cuando tratamos a las personas como seres humanos, típicamente ellos " "regresan ese tipo de trato. Se llama karma. Pero las relaciones sociales son " "frágiles. Es muy sencillo destruirlas si comentes el error de tratar a la " -"gente como clientes anónimos o trabajadores gratuitos. 55 Las plataformas " -"que se apoyan en el contenido de contribuyentes estan especialmente en " -"riesgo de crear una dinámica explotadora. Es importante encontrar medios de " -"reconocer y retribuir el valor que los contribuyentes generan. Esto no " -"significa que se puede resolver este problema simplemente pagando a los " -"contribuyentes por su tiempo o por sus contribuciones. Tan pronto como " -"introducimos dinero dentro de una relación—al menos cuando esto toma una " -"forma de un pago monetario en intercambio por otro valor—puede cambiar la " -"dinámica dramáticamente.56" +"gente como clientes anónimos o trabajadores gratuitos.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Las plataformas que se apoyan en el contenido de " +"contribuyentes estan especialmente en riesgo de crear una dinámica " +"explotadora. Es importante encontrar medios de reconocer y retribuir el " +"valor que los contribuyentes generan. Esto no significa que se puede " +"resolver este problema simplemente pagando a los contribuyentes por su " +"tiempo o por sus contribuciones. Tan pronto como introducimos dinero dentro " +"de una relación—al menos cuando esto toma una forma de un pago monetario en " +"intercambio por otro valor—puede cambiar la dinámica dramáticamente." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2806 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2863 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "Establece tus principios y apégate a ellos" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -6055,7 +6399,7 @@ msgstr "" "parte de alguna empresa . Regularmente ambas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2877 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -6076,14 +6420,12 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad OER (recursos abiertos educativos) en la que ellos operan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2835 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Ibid., 15." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2892 msgid "Ibid., 36." -msgstr "Ibid., 15." +msgstr "Ibid., 36." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -6093,30 +6435,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Cuando tu meta final no es generar ganancias, la gente confia en que no solo " "estas tratando de extraer valor para tu propia ganancia. Las personas notan " -"cuando tienes un sentido del propósito que trasciendo tu interes personal.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " -"Atrae empleados comprometidos, contribuyentes motivados, y construye " -"confianza." +"cuando tienes un sentido del propósito que trasciendo tu interes personal." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Atrae empleados comprometidos, " +"contribuyentes motivados, y construye confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2898 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "Construye una comunidad" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2849 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " -#| "Media, 2012." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2906 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." msgstr "" -"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2a. Ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " -"2012." +"Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2ª ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " +"2012), 36." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2900 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -6131,23 +6469,24 @@ msgstr "" "una comunidad alrededor de lo que hacen. Esto puede ser una comunidad " "colaborando en conjunto para crear algo nuevo, o simplemente ser una grupo " "de gente de intereses similares que se conocen y reúnen alrededor de " -"intereses o creencias similares.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Hasta cierto grado, simplemente ser Hecho " -"con Creative Commons automáticamente trae consigo un cierto elemento de " -"comunidad, ayudando a conectarlo con otras personas similares que reconocen " -"y son atraídos para los valores que se simbolizan en el uso de CC." +"intereses o creencias similares.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " +"Hasta cierto grado, simplemente ser Hecho con Creative Commons " +"automáticamente trae consigo un cierto elemento de comunidad, ayudando a " +"conectarlo con otras personas similares que reconocen y son atraídos para " +"los valores que se simbolizan en el uso de CC." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2922 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2929 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2914 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " @@ -6155,77 +6494,77 @@ msgstr "" #| "fostering a sense of belonging. As Jono Bacon writes in The Art of " #| "Community, “If there is no belonging, there is no community.” For Amanda " #| "Palmer and her band, that meant creating an accepting and inclusive " -#| "environment where people felt a part of their “weird little family.”59 " -#| "For organizations like Red Hat, that means connecting around common " -#| "beliefs or goals. As the CEO Jim Whitehurst wrote in The Open " -#| "Organization, “Tapping into passion is especially important in building " -#| "the kinds of participative communities that drive open organizations.”60" +#| "environment where people felt a part of their “weird little " +#| "family.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> For organizations like " +#| "Red Hat, that means connecting around common beliefs or goals. As the CEO " +#| "Jim Whitehurst wrote in The Open Organization, “Tapping into passion is " +#| "especially important in building the kinds of participative communities " +#| "that drive open organizations.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " "fostering a sense of belonging. As Jono Bacon writes in The Art of " -"Community, “If there is no belonging, there is no community.” For Amanda " -"Palmer and her band, that meant creating an accepting and inclusive " -"environment where people felt a part of their “weird little " -"family.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> For organizations like Red " -"Hat, that means connecting around common beliefs or goals. As the CEO Jim " -"Whitehurst wrote in The Open Organization, “Tapping into passion is " -"especially important in building the kinds of participative communities that " -"drive open organizations.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"Community, <quote>If there is no belonging, there is no community.</quote> " +"For Amanda Palmer and her band, that meant creating an accepting and " +"inclusive environment where people felt a part of their <quote>weird little " +"family.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> For organizations " +"like Red Hat, that means connecting around common beliefs or goals. As the " +"CEO Jim Whitehurst wrote in The Open Organization, <quote>Tapping into " +"passion is especially important in building the kinds of participative " +"communities that drive open organizations.</quote><placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" "Sin embargo, para ser sostenible, tiene que trabajar para alimentar a la " "comunidad. La gente tiene que cuidarse—mutuamente y a ti. Una pieza crítica " "de esto es desarrollar un sentido de pertenencia. Como escribió Jono Bacon " "en The Art of Communnity, \"Si no hay pertenencia, no hay comunidad.\" Para " "Amanda Palmer y su banda, eso significa crear y aceptar un entorno inclusivo " -"donde la gente se siente una parte de su \"pequeña familia rara.\"59 Para " -"las organizaciones como Red Hat, eso significa conectarse alrededor de " -"creencias y metas comunes. Como escribió el CEO Jim Whitehurst en The Open " -"Organization, \"Aprovechar la pasión es especialmente importante para " -"construir el tipo de comunidades participativas que dirigen las " -"organizaciones abiertas.\"60" +"donde la gente se siente una parte de su \"pequeña y rara familia." +"\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Para las organizaciones como Red " +"Hat, eso significa conectarse alrededor de creencias y metas comunes. Como " +"escribió el CEO Jim Whitehurst en The Open Organization, \"Aprovechar la " +"pasión es especialmente importante para construir el tipo de comunidades " +"participativas que dirigen las organizaciones abiertas.\"<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2884 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2941 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." -msgstr "" -"Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005." +msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2888 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2945 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2876 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2933 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" -#| "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. " -#| "Surowiecki wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. " -#| "It’s difficult to ensure that people are working in the group’s interest " -#| "and not in their own. And when there’s a lack of trust between the " -#| "members of the group (which isn’t surprising given that they don’t really " -#| "know each other), considerable energy is wasted trying to determine each " -#| "other’s bona fides.”61 Building true community requires giving people " -#| "within the community the power to create or influence the rules that " -#| "govern the community.62 If the rules are created and imposed in a top-" +#| "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. " +#| "Surowiecki wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " +#| "difficult to ensure that people are working in the group’s interest and " +#| "not in their own. And when there’s a lack of trust between the members of " +#| "the group (which isn’t surprising given that they don’t really know each " +#| "other), considerable energy is wasted trying to determine each other’s " +#| "bona fides.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Building true " +#| "community requires giving people within the community the power to create " +#| "or influence the rules that govern the community.<placeholder type=" +#| "\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> If the rules are created and imposed in a top-" #| "down manner, people feel like they don’t have a voice, which in turn " #| "leads to disengagement." msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " -"wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s difficult to " -"ensure that people are working in the group’s interest and not in their own. " -"And when there’s a lack of trust between the members of the group (which " -"isn’t surprising given that they don’t really know each other), considerable " -"energy is wasted trying to determine each other’s bona fides.”<placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Building true community requires giving people " -"within the community the power to create or influence the rules that govern " -"the community.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> If the rules are " -"created and imposed in a top-down manner, people feel like they don’t have a " -"voice, which in turn leads to disengagement." +"wrote, <quote>It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s " +"difficult to ensure that people are working in the group’s interest and not " +"in their own. And when there’s a lack of trust between the members of the " +"group (which isn’t surprising given that they don’t really know each other), " +"considerable energy is wasted trying to determine each other’s bona fides.</" +"quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Building true community " +"requires giving people within the community the power to create or influence " +"the rules that govern the community.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/" +"> If the rules are created and imposed in a top-down manner, people feel " +"like they don’t have a voice, which in turn leads to disengagement." msgstr "" "Las comunidades que colaboran juntas toman planeación anticipadamente. " "Surowiecki escribió, \"Toma mucho trabajo poner al grupo junto. Es difícil " @@ -6233,14 +6572,15 @@ msgstr "" "el suyo. Y cuando existe una falta de confianza entre los miembros del grupo " "(lo cual no es sorprendente dado que no se conocen realmente), una " "considerable energía es desperdiciada tratando de determinar las buenas " -"intenciones mutuas.\"61 Construir una verdadera comunidad requiere darle a " -"las personas de la comunidad el poder de crear o influir las relgas que " -"rigen a la comunidad.62 Si las reglas son creadas e impuestas de manera " -"descendiente, la gente siente que no tiene una voz, lo que conlleva a la " -"desunión." +"intenciones mutuas.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Construir " +"una verdadera comunidad requiere darle a las personas de la comunidad el " +"poder de crear o influir las reglas que rigen a dicha comunidad.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Si las reglas son creadas e impuestas de " +"manera vertical, la gente siente que no tiene una voz, lo que conlleva a la " +"desvinculación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2951 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." @@ -6250,41 +6590,40 @@ msgstr "" "lo que se trata compartir." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "Da más a los comunes de lo que te llevas" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2968 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" -#| "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " -#| "Sharing at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. hbr." -#| "org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all." +#| "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " +#| "Sharing at All,” Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " +#| "<ulink url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-" +#| "sharing-at-all\"/>." msgid "" -"Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " -"at All,” Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, <ulink url=" -"\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>." +"Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " +"Sharing at All,</quote> Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, " +"<ulink url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-" +"at-all\"/>." msgstr "" -"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " -"at All.” Harvard Business Review, Enero 28, 2015. hbr.org/2015/01/the-" -"sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all." +"Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " +"at All,” Harvard Business Review (sitio Web), 28 de Enero de 2015, <ulink " +"url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/" +">." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2919 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint " -#| "with new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2976 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." msgstr "" -"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reimpresión " -"con nuevo epílogo. New York: Portfolio, 2012." +"Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reimpresión " +"con un nuevo epílogo (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2959 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " @@ -6293,21 +6632,23 @@ msgstr "" #| "the Harvard Business Review website called “The Sharing Economy Isn’t " #| "about Sharing at All,” authors Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi explained " #| "how the anonymous market-driven trans-actions in most sharing-economy " -#| "businesses are purely about monetizing access.63 As Lisa Gansky put it in " -#| "her book The Mesh, the primary strategy of the sharing economy is to sell " -#| "the same product multiple times, by selling access rather than " -#| "ownership.64 That is not sharing." +#| "businesses are purely about monetizing access.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +#| "\" id=\"0\"/> As Lisa Gansky put it in her book The Mesh, the primary " +#| "strategy of the sharing economy is to sell the same product multiple " +#| "times, by selling access rather than ownership.<placeholder type=" +#| "\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> That is not sharing." msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " "defines so much of the so-called sharing economy. In an article on the " -"Harvard Business Review website called “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " -"Sharing at All,” authors Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi explained how the " -"anonymous market-driven trans-actions in most sharing-economy businesses are " -"purely about monetizing access.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As " -"Lisa Gansky put it in her book The Mesh, the primary strategy of the sharing " -"economy is to sell the same product multiple times, by selling access rather " -"than ownership.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> That is not sharing." +"Harvard Business Review website called <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t " +"about Sharing at All,</quote> authors Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi " +"explained how the anonymous market-driven trans-actions in most sharing-" +"economy businesses are purely about monetizing access.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As Lisa Gansky put it in her book The Mesh, the " +"primary strategy of the sharing economy is to sell the same product multiple " +"times, by selling access rather than ownership.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +"\" id=\"1\"/> That is not sharing." msgstr "" "La sabiduría común en el mercado dicta que la gente debería extraer la mayor " "cantidad de dinero posible de los recursos. Esto es lo que esencialmente " @@ -6317,27 +6658,30 @@ msgstr "" "sobre compartir\"), los autores Giana Eckhardt y Fleura Bardhi explicaron " "cómo las transacciones anónimas, orientadas por el mercado, en la mayoría de " "las empresas de la economía del intercambio son puramente para monetizar el " -"acceso.63 Como Lisa Gansky lo puso en su libro The Mesh (La red), la " -"estrategia primaria de la economía del intercambio es vender el mismo " -"producto muchas veces, vendiendo el acceso antes que la propiedad.64 Eso no " -"es compartir." +"acceso.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Como Lisa Gansky lo dice " +"en su libro The Mesh (La red), la estrategia primaria de la economía del " +"intercambio es vender el mismo producto muchas veces, vendiendo el acceso y " +"no la propiedad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Eso no es " +"compartir." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2992 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" -#| "Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " -#| "Internet.” BBC News, March 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680" +#| "David Lee, “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet,” " +#| "BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/" +#| "technology-35709680\"/>." msgid "" +"David Lee, <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " +"Internet,</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" +"news/technology-35709680\"/>." +msgstr "" "David Lee, “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet,” " -"BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/" +"BBC News, 3 de marzo de 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/" "technology-35709680\"/>." -msgstr "" -"Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” " -"BBC News, Marzo 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2982 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -6360,12 +6704,13 @@ msgstr "" "plataforma social de blogging Medium provee valor a su comunidad al " "incentivar un buen comportamiento, y el resultado es un espacio online con " "contenido de remarcada buena calidad generado por los usuarios y con pocos " -"trolls.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opendesk contribuye a su comunidad al comprometerse a ayudar a sus " -"diseñadores a hacer dinero, en parte al curar y exhibir activamente su " -"trabajo en la plataforma de una manera efectiva." +"trolls.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opendesk contribuye a su " +"comunidad al comprometerse a ayudar a sus diseñadores a hacer dinero, en " +"parte al curar y exhibir activamente su trabajo en la plataforma de una " +"manera efectiva." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3001 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -6378,44 +6723,35 @@ msgstr "" "En todo caso, es importante reconocer abiertamente la cantidad de valor que " "uno agrega contra la cantidad de valor que uno extrae de lo que fue creado " "por otros. Ser transparente sobre esto construye credibilidad y muestra que " -"eres un jugador que contribuye al procomún. Cuando tu empeño está generando " -"dinero, eso también significa aportar una compensación financiera de forma " -"que refleje el valor contribuido por otros, dando más a quienes contribuyen " -"cuando el valor que ellos añaden sobrepasa el valor que tú añadiste." +"eres un jugador que contribuye al bien común. Cuando tu empeño está " +"generando dinero, eso también significa aportar una compensación financiera " +"de forma que refleje el valor contribuido por otros, dando más a quienes " +"contribuyen cuando el valor que ellos añaden sobrepasa el valor que tú " +"añadiste." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3012 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "Involucra a la gente en lo que haces" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3017 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 148." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3021 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3092 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Whitehurst, prefacio de Open Organization." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of " -#| "people around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of " -#| "talent.66 But to make collaboration work, the group has to be effective " -#| "at what it is doing, and the people within the group have to find " -#| "satisfaction from being involved.67 This is easier to facilitate for some " -#| "types of creative work than it is for others. Groups tied together online " -#| "collaborate best when people can work independently and asynchronously, " -#| "and particularly for larger groups with loose ties, when contributors can " -#| "make simple improvements without a particularly heavy time commitment.68" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3014 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -6431,22 +6767,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Gracias a Internet, podemos utilizar los talentos y la experiencia de " "personas alrededor del mundo. Chris Anderson lo llama la Larga Cola del " -"talento.66 Pero para hacer que la colaboración funcione, el grupo tiene que " -"ser efectivo en lo que está haciendo, y la gente en el grupo tiene que " -"encontrar satisfacción al involucrarse.67 Esto es más sencillo de realizar " -"para algunos tipos de trabajos creativos que para otros. Los grupos que se " -"juntan enlinea colaboran mejor cuando la gente puede trabajar de manera " -"independiente y asíncrona, y particularmente para los grupos grandes con " -"vínculos más lejanos, donde los contribuyentes pueden hacer simples mejoras " -"sin un compromiso de tiempo demasiado pesado.68" +"talento.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\" /> Pero para hacer que la " +"colaboración funcione, el grupo tiene que ser efectivo en lo que está " +"haciendo, y la gente en el grupo tiene que encontrar satisfacción al " +"involucrarse.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\" /> Esto es más sencillo " +"de realizar para algunos tipos de trabajos creativos que para otros. Los " +"grupos que se encuentran en línea colaboran mejor cuando la gente puede " +"trabajar de manera independiente y asíncrona, y particularmente para los " +"grupos grandes con vínculos menos estrechos, donde los contribuyentes pueden " +"hacer simples mejoras sin un compromiso de tiempo demasiado pesado." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\" />" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3041 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3032 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -6463,48 +6801,47 @@ msgstr "" "actuando por su cuenta, son inmensamente valiosas cuando se suman. Este " "mismo tipo de contribuciones pequeñas serían menos útiles para muchos otros " "tipos de trabajo creativo, y la gente está inherentemente menos motivada a " -"contribuir cuando no parece que sus esfuerzos vayan a hacer mucha " -"diferencia.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"contribuir cuando no parece que sus esfuerzos vayan a hacer mucha diferencia." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2996 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Ibid., 15." +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><quote><footnote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3053 msgid "Ibid., 154." -msgstr "Ibid., 15." +msgstr "Ibid., 154." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3008 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3045 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " #| "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " -#| "truly incredible and inspiring. But in a wide range of circumstances—" +#| "truly incredible and inspiring. But in a wide range of circumstances—" #| "perhaps more often than not—community cocreation is not part of the " #| "equation, even within endeavors built on CC content. Shirky wrote, " #| "“Sometimes the value of professional work trumps the value of amateur " -#| "sharing or a feeling of belonging.70 The textbook publisher OpenStax, " -#| "which distributes all of its material for free under CC licensing, is an " -#| "example of this dynamic. Rather than tapping the community to help " -#| "cocreate their college textbooks, they invest a significant amount of " -#| "time and money to develop professional content. For individual creators, " -#| "where the creative work is the basis for what they do, community " -#| "cocreation is only rarely a part of the picture. Even musician Amanda " -#| "Palmer, who is famous for her openness and involvement with her fans, " -#| "said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the writing, " -#| "the music itself.”71" +#| "sharing or a feeling of belonging.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +#| "> The textbook publisher OpenStax, which distributes all of its material " +#| "for free under CC licensing, is an example of this dynamic. Rather than " +#| "tapping the community to help cocreate their college textbooks, they " +#| "invest a significant amount of time and money to develop professional " +#| "content. For individual creators, where the creative work is the basis " +#| "for what they do, community cocreation is only rarely a part of the " +#| "picture. Even musician Amanda Palmer, who is famous for her openness and " +#| "involvement with her fans, said, “The only department where I wasn’t open " +#| "to input was the writing, the music itself.”<placeholder type=\"footnote" +#| "\" id=\"1\"/>" msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " "truly incredible and inspiring. But in a wide range of circumstances—" "perhaps more often than not—community cocreation is not part of the " "equation, even within endeavors built on CC content. Shirky wrote, " -"“Sometimes the value of professional work trumps the value of amateur " +"<quote>Sometimes the value of professional work trumps the value of amateur " "sharing or a feeling of belonging.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " "The textbook publisher OpenStax, which distributes all of its material for " "free under CC licensing, is an example of this dynamic. Rather than tapping " @@ -6514,7 +6851,7 @@ msgid "" "community cocreation is only rarely a part of the picture. Even musician " "Amanda Palmer, who is famous for her openness and involvement with her fans, " "said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the writing, the " -"music itself.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"music itself.</quote><placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" "Es fácil idealizar las oportunidades de la co-creación global que se dan " "gracias a Internet. De hecho, los ejemples exitosos son verdaderamente " @@ -6523,37 +6860,34 @@ msgstr "" "de la ecuación, incluso en los emprendimientos construidos sobre contenido " "liberado con una licencia CC. Shirky escribió: \"A veces el valor del " "trabajo profesional triunfa sobre el valor del compartir de la gente común, " -"o sobre la sensación de pertenencia.70 El editor de libros de textos " -"OpenStax, que distribuye todo su material de manera gratuita con una " -"licencia CC, es un ejemplo de está dinámica. En lugar de ayudarse en la " -"comunidad para co-crear sus libros escolares, invierten una cantidad " -"significativa de tiempo y dinero en desarrollar contenido profesional. Para " -"los creadores individuales, para quienes el trabajo creativo es la base de " -"lo que hacen, la co-creación comunitaria es raramente algo a considerar. " -"Incluso para la música Amanda Palmer, famosa por su nivel de apertura e " -"interacción con sus fans, dijo: \"El único área donde no estuve dispuesta a " -"recibir aportes era en la escritura, en la música misma\".71" +"o sobre la sensación de pertenencia.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\" /" +"> La editorial de libros de texto OpenStax, que distribuye todo su material " +"de manera gratuita con una licencia CC, es un ejemplo de está dinámica. En " +"lugar de auxiliarse de la comunidad para co-crear sus libros escolares, " +"invierte una cantidad significativa de tiempo y dinero en desarrollar " +"contenido profesional. Para los creadores individuales, para quienes el " +"trabajo creativo es la base de lo que hacen, la co-creación comunitaria es " +"raramente algo a considerar. Incluso para la música Amanda Palmer, famosa " +"por su nivel de apertura e interacción con sus fans, dijo: \"La única área " +"donde no estuve dispuesta a recibir aportes era en la escritura, en la " +"música misma\".<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\" />" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3019 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3076 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 173." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3026 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the " -#| "Potential within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3083 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." msgstr "" -"Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " -"within Us All. Nueva York: Crown, 2013." +"Tom Kelley y David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " +"within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3069 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we " @@ -6561,60 +6895,49 @@ msgstr "" #| "process in more informal ways, by sharing half-baked ideas and early " #| "drafts, and interacting with the public to incubate ideas and get " #| "feedback. So-called “making in public” opens the door to letting people " -#| "feel more invested in your creative work.72 And it shows a nonterritorial " -#| "approach to ideas and information. Stephen Covey (of The 7 Habits of " -#| "Highly Effective People fame) calls this the abundance mentality—treating " -#| "ideas like something plentiful—and it can create an environment where " -#| "collaboration flourishes.73" +#| "feel more invested in your creative work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +#| "id=\"0\"/> And it shows a nonterritorial approach to ideas and " +#| "information. Stephen Covey (of The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People " +#| "fame) calls this the abundance mentality—treating ideas like something " +#| "plentiful—and it can create an environment where collaboration flourishes." +#| "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " "in more informal ways, by sharing half-baked ideas and early drafts, and " "interacting with the public to incubate ideas and get feedback. So-called " -"“making in public” opens the door to letting people feel more invested in " -"your creative work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> And it shows a " -"nonterritorial approach to ideas and information. Stephen Covey (of The 7 " -"Habits of Highly Effective People fame) calls this the abundance mentality—" -"treating ideas like something plentiful—and it can create an environment " -"where collaboration flourishes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" -msgstr "" -"Si bien tendemos a pensar inmediatamente en la co-creación y en el remix " +"<quote>making in public</quote> opens the door to letting people feel more " +"invested in your creative work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> And " +"it shows a nonterritorial approach to ideas and information. Stephen Covey " +"(of The 7 Habits of Highly Effective People fame) calls this the abundance " +"mentality—treating ideas like something plentiful—and it can create an " +"environment where collaboration flourishes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"1\"/>" +msgstr "" +"Si bien tendemos a pensar inmediatamente en la co-creación y en la remezcla " "cuando escuchamos la palabra colaboración, también se puede involucrar a " "otros en tu proceso creativo de maneras más informales, intercambiando ideas " "a medio desarrollar y borradores tempranos, e interactuando con el público " "para incubar ideas y obtener retroalimentación. El así llamado proceso de " "hacer cosas \"en público\" hace que la gente se sienta más involucrada con " -"tu trabajo creativo.72 y muestra un enfoque no territorial hacia las ideas y " -"la información. Stephen Covey (autor de \"Los siete habítos de la gente " -"altamente efectiva\") llama a esto la mentalidad de la abundancia: tratar a " -"las ideas como algo pleno. Esto puede crear un ambiente donde la " -"colaboración florece.73" +"tu trabajo creativo.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\" /> Esto muestra " +"un enfoque no territorial hacia las ideas y la información. Stephen Covey " +"(autor de \"Los siete habítos de la gente altamente efectiva\") llama a esto " +"la mentalidad de la abundancia: tratar a las ideas como algo pleno. Esto " +"puede crear un ambiente donde la colaboración florezca.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\" />" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3043 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " -#| "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3100 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." msgstr "" -"Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " -"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." +"Rachel Botsman y Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of Collaborative " +"Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3032 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding " -#| "a way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " -#| "motivations.74 What that looks like varies wildly depending on the " -#| "project. Not every endeavor that is Made with Creative Commons can be " -#| "Wikipedia, but every endeavor can find ways to invite the public into " -#| "what they do. The goal for any form of collaboration is to move away from " -#| "thinking of consumers as passive recipients of your content and " -#| "transition them into active participants.75" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -6628,21 +6951,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "No hay una forma de involucrar a la gente en lo que haces. La clave es " "encontrar una forma para que la gente pueda contribuir en sus propios " -"términos, impulsada por sus propias motivaciones.74 Cómo se ve eso varía " -"muchísimo dependiendo del proyecto. No todos los emprendimientos que están " -"Hechos con Creative Commons pueden ser como Wikipedia, pero cada " -"emprendimiento necesita encontrar formas de invitar al público a ser parte. " -"La meta de cualquier forma de colaboración es dejar de pensar en los " -"consumidores como receptores pasivos de tu contenido y convertirlos en " -"participantes activos.75" +"términos, impulsada por sus propias motivaciones.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +"\" id=\"0\" /> Cómo se ve eso varía muchísimo dependiendo del proyecto. No " +"todos los emprendimientos que están Hechos con Creative Commons pueden ser " +"como Wikipedia, pero cada emprendimiento necesita encontrar formas de " +"invitar al público a ser parte. La meta de cualquier forma de colaboración " +"es dejar de pensar en los consumidores como receptores pasivos de tu " +"contenido y convertirlos en participantes activos.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"1\" />" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3109 msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "Las Licencias Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -6669,23 +6993,31 @@ msgstr "" "patentes o marcas registradas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3125 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "A continuación se presentan las seis licencias:" -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3072 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3228 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" +msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" +msgstr "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3135 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -6698,26 +7030,28 @@ msgstr "" "las licencias ofrecidas. Se recomienda para máxima diseminación y para uso " "de materiales licenciados." -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3089 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3144 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3149 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, " +#| "and build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they " +#| "credit you and license their new creations under identical terms. This " +#| "license is often compared to “copyleft” free and open source software " +#| "licenses. All new works based on yours will carry the same license, so " +#| "any derivatives will also allow commercial use." msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " "you and license their new creations under identical terms. This license is " -"often compared to “copyleft” free and open source software licenses. All new " -"works based on yours will carry the same license, so any derivatives will " -"also allow commercial use." +"often compared to <quote>copyleft</quote> free and open source software " +"licenses. All new works based on yours will carry the same license, so any " +"derivatives will also allow commercial use." msgstr "" "La licencia Atribución-CompartirIgual (CC BY-SA) permite a terceros " "remezclar, modificar y construir sobre de tu obra, siempre y cuando te den " @@ -6727,19 +7061,13 @@ msgstr "" "derivados del tuyo llevarán la misma licencia, por lo cual toda obra " "derivada también permitirá el uso con fines comerciales." -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3108 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3160 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3165 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -6749,19 +7077,13 @@ msgstr "" "fines comerciales y no comerciales por igual, siempre y cuando se haga sin " "modificaciones y te den crédito como autor." -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3123 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3172 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3177 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -6773,19 +7095,13 @@ msgstr "" "Si bien en los trabajos derivados se debe mantener el crédito hacia ti como " "creador, no tienen la obligación de licenciarlos bajo estos mismos términos." -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3139 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3185 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3190 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -6796,19 +7112,13 @@ msgstr "" "comerciales, siempre y cuando le den crédito y licencien sus nuevas " "creaciones bajo los mismos términos." -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3155 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3198 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3203 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -6821,7 +7131,7 @@ msgstr "" "posibilidad de modificarla de ninguna manera o utilizarla comercialmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3210 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -6832,39 +7142,31 @@ msgstr "" "administradores de colecciones de trabajos preexistentes creados por autores " "cuyos plazos de derechos de autor han expirado:" -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3178 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3218 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3223 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " +#| "worldwide public domain (“no rights reserved”)." msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " -"worldwide public domain (“no rights reserved”)." +"worldwide public domain (<quote>no rights reserved</quote>)." msgstr "" "CC0 permite a autores y titulares de derechos de autor dedicar sus trabajos " "al dominio público en todo el mundo (”ningún derecho reservado”)." -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3192 -msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" -msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" -"\"Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " -"</imageobject>" +#. type: Attribute 'fileref' of: <book><part><chapter><para><inlinemediaobject><imageobject><imagedata> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3230 +msgid "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" +msgstr "Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3235 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." @@ -6874,7 +7176,7 @@ msgstr "" "derecho autoral." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3240 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -6896,7 +7198,7 @@ msgstr "" "digital, amplifican su involucramiento y compromiso de compartir." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3251 msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " "offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off " @@ -6922,7 +7224,7 @@ msgstr "" "largometraje, o evitar que otra compañía venda copias físicas del mismo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3265 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -6948,7 +7250,7 @@ msgstr "" "distribuidora descubra su trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3278 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -6962,7 +7264,7 @@ msgstr "" "médicos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3285 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -6980,40 +7282,43 @@ msgstr "" "como las licencias CompartirIgual reflejan un conjunto distinto de valores, " "uno menos orientado a controlar el acceso a su obra, y más a asegurar que " "cualquier trabajo creado derivando de éste se mantenga disponible a todos " -"bajo los mismos términos. Desde el principio del procomn, la gente ha creado " -"estructuras que ayudan a regular la forma en que se utilizan los recursos " -"compartidos. Las licencias CC son un intento de estandarizar las normas " -"entre distintos dominios." +"bajo los mismos términos. Desde el principio de los bienes comunes, la gente " +"ha creado estructuras que ayudan a regular la forma en que se utilizan los " +"recursos compartidos. Las licencias CC son un intento de estandarizar las " +"normas entre distintos dominios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3297 msgid "Note" msgstr "Notas" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3300 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your " #| "work in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " -#| "“Share Your Work” at" +#| "“Share Your Work” at <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-" +#| "work/\"/>." msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " -"in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called “Share " -"Your Work” at <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>." +"in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called " +"<quote>Share Your Work</quote> at <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/" +"share-your-work/\"/>." msgstr "" "Para mayor información acerca de las licencias, incluyendo ejemplos y " -"recomendaciones acerca de cómo compartir sus obras en el procomún digital, " -"diríjase a la página de Creative Commons llamada ”Compartir Su Obra” (”Share " -"Your Work” en" +"recomendaciones acerca de cómo compartir sus obras en el bienes comunes " +"digitales, diríjase a la página de Creative Commons llamada ”Compartir Su " +"Obra” (”Share Your Work”, en <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-" +"your-work/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "Los estudios de caso" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3311 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -7033,7 +7338,7 @@ msgstr "" "por nosotros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3287 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3321 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -7048,12 +7353,12 @@ msgstr "" "en buena medida la manera en que nos fue contado por quienes entrevistamos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3329 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "Arduino" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3332 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." @@ -7062,49 +7367,59 @@ msgstr "" "hardware y software con fines de lucro. Fundada en Italia en 2005." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3337 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3305 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (sales of boards, modules, " -#| "shields, and kits), licensing a trademark (fees paid by those who want to " -#| "sell Arduino products using their name)" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3339 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " "(fees paid by those who want to sell Arduino products using their name)" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ingresos: Cobrar por copias físicas (venta de tarjetas, módulos, " -"escudos y kits), licenciamiento de la marca registrada (el importe pagado " -"por aquellos que quieren vender productos Arduino utilizando su nombre)" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: Cobrar por copias " +"físicas (venta de tarjetas, módulos, escudos y kits), licenciamiento de la " +"marca registrada (el importe pagado por aquellos que quieren vender " +"productos Arduino utilizando su nombre)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4151 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: February 4, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3344 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4195 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 4 de febrero, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 4 de febrero, " +"2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3313 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewees: David Cuartielles and Tom Igoe, cofounders" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3347 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" -msgstr "Entrevistados: David Cuartielles y Tom Igoe, cofundadores" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistados</emphasis>: David Cuartielles y Tom " +"Igoe, cofundadores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8992 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Paul Stacey" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3355 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -7132,7 +7447,7 @@ msgstr "" "software bajo la Licencia Pública General (GPL) de GNU." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3369 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -7150,14 +7465,22 @@ msgstr "" "hacer artes visuales)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3345 -msgid "" -"“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. " -"Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature of " -"Arduino empowers users to modify it and create a lot of different " -"variations, adding on top of what the founders build. David says this " -"“ended up strengthening the platform far beyond what we had even thought of " -"building.”" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3378 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. " +#| "Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature of " +#| "Arduino empowers users to modify it and create a lot of different " +#| "variations, adding on top of what the founders build. David says this " +#| "“ended up strengthening the platform far beyond what we had even thought " +#| "of building.”" +msgid "" +"<quote>The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,</quote> " +"Tom says. Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature " +"of Arduino empowers users to modify it and create a lot of different " +"variations, adding on top of what the founders build. David says this " +"<quote>ended up strengthening the platform far beyond what we had even " +"thought of building.</quote>" msgstr "" "”Las razones para hacer a Arduino de fuente abierta son complicadas,” dice " "Tom. En parte es para permitir la flexibilidad. La naturaleza de fuente " @@ -7167,14 +7490,24 @@ msgstr "" "lo que pensamos siquiera en construir.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3387 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design " +#| "school. He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their " +#| "work and research just disappear. Open-sourcing ensured that Arduino " +#| "would outlive the Ivrea closure. Persistence is one thing Tom really " +#| "likes about open source. If key people leave, or a company shuts down, an " +#| "open-source product lives on. In Tom’s view, “Open sourcing makes it " +#| "easier to trust a product.”" msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " "research just disappear. Open-sourcing ensured that Arduino would outlive " "the Ivrea closure. Persistence is one thing Tom really likes about open " "source. If key people leave, or a company shuts down, an open-source product " -"lives on. In Tom’s view, “Open sourcing makes it easier to trust a product.”" +"lives on. In Tom’s view, <quote>Open sourcing makes it easier to trust a " +"product.</quote>" msgstr "" "Para Tom, otro factor fue la inminente clausura de la escuela de diseño " "Ivrea. Había visto a otras organizaciones cerrar sus puertas, tras lo cual " @@ -7186,7 +7519,7 @@ msgstr "" "de Tom, ”abrir las fuentes facilita confiar en un producto.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3397 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -7203,13 +7536,22 @@ msgstr "" "se invirtieron en sostener y mejorar a Arduino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made " +#| "themselves the first customer of their product. They made products they " +#| "themselves personally wanted. It was a matter of “I need this thing,” not " +#| "“If we make this, we’ll make a lot of money.” Tom notes that being your " +#| "own first customer makes you more confident and convincing at selling " +#| "your product." msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " -"personally wanted. It was a matter of “I need this thing,” not “If we make " -"this, we’ll make a lot of money.” Tom notes that being your own first " -"customer makes you more confident and convincing at selling your product." +"personally wanted. It was a matter of <quote>I need this thing,</quote> not " +"<quote>If we make this, we’ll make a lot of money.</quote> Tom notes that " +"being your own first customer makes you more confident and convincing at " +"selling your product." msgstr "" "Para Tom, parte del éxito de Arduino se debe a que los fundadores se " "convirtieron en los primeros clientes de su producto. Hicieron productos que " @@ -7218,7 +7560,7 @@ msgstr "" "cliente lo hace a uno más confiado y convincente al vender el producto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3414 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -7244,7 +7586,7 @@ msgstr "" "vendido a un precio razonable, la gente lo comprará." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3393 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3428 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -7273,7 +7615,7 @@ msgstr "" "accesible, útil tanto para novatos como para expertos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3442 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -7290,13 +7632,20 @@ msgstr "" "altos para sostener el negocio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3450 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red " +#| "is a success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are " +#| "still a business, and all the things needed to successfully run one still " +#| "apply. David says, “If you do those other things well, sharing things in " +#| "an open-source way can only help you.”" msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " "business, and all the things needed to successfully run one still apply. " -"David says, “If you do those other things well, sharing things in an open-" -"source way can only help you.”" +"David says, <quote>If you do those other things well, sharing things in an " +"open-source way can only help you.</quote>" msgstr "" "Para un negocio, llegar al final del año sin estar en números rojos es un " "éxito. Arduino puede tener una estrategia de licenciamiento abierto, pero a " @@ -7305,7 +7654,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir las cosas bajo un modelo abierto únicamente le ayudará.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -7328,7 +7677,7 @@ msgstr "" "asegurar que la mueva versión es igualmente libre y abierta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3435 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3470 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -7350,12 +7699,12 @@ msgstr "" "incorpora en sus nuevos productos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3490 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3446 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3481 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -7375,20 +7724,34 @@ msgstr "" "Cosas, vestibles, e impresión 3-D. El rango completo de los productos " "Arduino incluye tarjetas, módulos (un formato físico más reducido de las " "tarjetas clásicas), escudos (elementos que pueden enchufarse sobre una " -"tarjeta para darle mayor funcionalidad), y kits.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"tarjeta para darle mayor funcionalidad), y kits.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +"\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3493 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support " +#| "materials, and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys " +#| "to their success. And being open lets you build a real community. David " +#| "says Arduino’s community is a big strength and something that really does " +#| "matter—in his words, “It’s good business.” When they started, the Arduino " +#| "team had almost entirely no idea how to build a community. They started " +#| "by conducting numerous workshops, working directly with people using the " +#| "platform to make sure the hardware and software worked the way it was " +#| "meant to work and solved people’s problems. The community grew " +#| "organically from there." msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " "success. And being open lets you build a real community. David says " "Arduino’s community is a big strength and something that really does matter—" -"in his words, “It’s good business.” When they started, the Arduino team had " -"almost entirely no idea how to build a community. They started by conducting " -"numerous workshops, working directly with people using the platform to make " -"sure the hardware and software worked the way it was meant to work and " -"solved people’s problems. The community grew organically from there." +"in his words, <quote>It’s good business.</quote> When they started, the " +"Arduino team had almost entirely no idea how to build a community. They " +"started by conducting numerous workshops, working directly with people using " +"the platform to make sure the hardware and software worked the way it was " +"meant to work and solved people’s problems. The community grew organically " +"from there." msgstr "" "El foco de Arduino son tarjetas de alta calidad, con materiales de apoyo " "bien diseñados, y la construcción de una comunidad; este enfoque es una de " @@ -7402,7 +7765,7 @@ msgstr "" "problemas de la gente. La comunidad creció orgánicamente desde ese punto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -7426,7 +7789,7 @@ msgstr "" "no sufre por copias de mala calidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3518 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -7445,7 +7808,7 @@ msgstr "" "generación de ganancias para Arduino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3528 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -7463,12 +7826,26 @@ msgstr "" "herramienta crítica para Arduino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3537 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as " +#| "a default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that " +#| "really needs to be protected and why. There are lots of good reasons to " +#| "not open up certain elements. This strategy of sharing everything is " +#| "certainly the complete opposite of how today’s world operates, where " +#| "nothing is shared. Tom suggests a business formalize which elements are " +#| "based on open sharing and which are closed. An Arduino blog post from " +#| "2013 entitled “Send In the Clones,” by one of the founders Massimo Banzi, " +#| "does a great job of explaining the full complexities of how trademarking " +#| "their brand has played out, distinguishing between official boards and " +#| "those that are clones, derivatives, compatibles, and counterfeits." +#| "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -7476,12 +7853,12 @@ msgid "" "certain elements. This strategy of sharing everything is certainly the " "complete opposite of how today’s world operates, where nothing is shared. " "Tom suggests a business formalize which elements are based on open sharing " -"and which are closed. An Arduino blog post from 2013 entitled “Send In the " -"Clones,” by one of the founders Massimo Banzi, does a great job of " -"explaining the full complexities of how trademarking their brand has played " -"out, distinguishing between official boards and those that are clones, " -"derivatives, compatibles, and counterfeits.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" -"\"0\"/>" +"and which are closed. An Arduino blog post from 2013 entitled <quote>Send In " +"the Clones,</quote> by one of the founders Massimo Banzi, does a great job " +"of explaining the full complexities of how trademarking their brand has " +"played out, distinguishing between official boards and those that are " +"clones, derivatives, compatibles, and counterfeits.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "David invita a individuos y negocios comenzar siguiendo la estrategia de " "compartir todo, y sólo entonces pensar acerca de si hay algo que " @@ -7493,16 +7870,24 @@ msgstr "" "blog de Arduino en 2013, titulado ”Envía a los clones”, escrito por uno de " "los fundadores, Massimo Banzi, explica a profundidad las complejidades de " "cómo les ha resultado el registro de su marca, distinguiendo entre tarjetas " -"oficiales y aquellas que son clones, derivados, compatibles, y falsificados.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"oficiales y aquellas que son clones, derivados, compatibles, y falsificados." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3517 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can " +#| "use it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always " +#| "making more things possible but doesn’t always focus on making it easy to " +#| "use and adapt. This is where Arduino steps in. Arduino’s goal is “making " +#| "things that help other people make things.”" msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " "more things possible but doesn’t always focus on making it easy to use and " -"adapt. This is where Arduino steps in. Arduino’s goal is “making things " -"that help other people make things.”" +"adapt. This is where Arduino steps in. Arduino’s goal is <quote>making " +"things that help other people make things.</quote>" msgstr "" "Para David, un aspecto excitante de Arduino es la forma en que mucha gente " "puede utilizarlo para adaptar a la tecnología de tantas formas distintas. La " @@ -7512,13 +7897,21 @@ msgstr "" "cosas.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " +#| "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about “the " +#| "democratization of technology.” Tom sees Arduino’s open-source strategy " +#| "as helping the world get over the idea that technology has to be " +#| "protected. Tom says, “Technology is a literacy everyone should learn.”" msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " -"reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about “the " -"democratization of technology.” Tom sees Arduino’s open-source strategy as " -"helping the world get over the idea that technology has to be protected. Tom " -"says, “Technology is a literacy everyone should learn.”" +"reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about <quote>the " +"democratization of technology.</quote> Tom sees Arduino’s open-source " +"strategy as helping the world get over the idea that technology has to be " +"protected. Tom says, <quote>Technology is a literacy everyone should learn.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" "Arduino ha sido enormemente exitoso en hacer que la tecnología y la " "electrónica alcancen a una mayor audiencia. Para Tom, Arduino siempre ha " @@ -7528,7 +7921,7 @@ msgstr "" "alfabetización que todos debieran aprender.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3568 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -7539,12 +7932,12 @@ msgstr "" "precios, y bueno para la manufactura." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3574 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "Ártica" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -7555,42 +7948,50 @@ msgstr "" "colaboración en las artes y la cultura. Fundada en 2011 en Uruguay." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3582 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3549 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" -msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: cobrar por servicios personalizados" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: cobrar por " +"servicios personalizados" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: March 9, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 9 de marzo, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 9 de marzo, 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3554 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewees: Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3589 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" -msgstr "Entrevistados: Mariana Fossatti y Jorge Gemetto, cofundadores" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistados</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti y Jorge " +"Gemetto, cofundadores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8759 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9230 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Perfil escrito por Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3597 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -7603,12 +8004,12 @@ msgstr "" "que ellos construyeron por sí mismos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3603 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "El trabajo de sus sueños no existía, así que lo crearon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -7630,7 +8031,7 @@ msgstr "" "crean proyectos artísticos y culturales en la Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3618 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -7656,15 +8057,26 @@ msgstr "" "intermediarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3631 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " +#| "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They " +#| "call it an “artisan” process because of the time and effort it takes to " +#| "adapt their work for the particular needs of students and clients. “Each " +#| "student or client is paying for a specific solution to his or her " +#| "problems and questions,” Mariana said. Rather than sell access to their " +#| "content, they provide it for free and charge for the personalized " +#| "services." msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " -"it an “artisan” process because of the time and effort it takes to adapt " -"their work for the particular needs of students and clients. “Each student " -"or client is paying for a specific solution to his or her problems and " -"questions,” Mariana said. Rather than sell access to their content, they " -"provide it for free and charge for the personalized services." +"it an <quote>artisan</quote> process because of the time and effort it takes " +"to adapt their work for the particular needs of students and clients. " +"<quote>Each student or client is paying for a specific solution to his or " +"her problems and questions,</quote> Mariana said. Rather than sell access to " +"their content, they provide it for free and charge for the personalized " +"services." msgstr "" "Ártica ofrece educación personalizada y servicios de consultoría, y ayuda a " "sus clientes a implementar proyectos. Todos estos servicios son hechos a la " @@ -7676,14 +8088,22 @@ msgstr "" "personalizados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3642 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " +#| "attract large audiences. “Over the years, we realized that online " +#| "communities are more specific than we thought,” Mariana said. Ártica now " +#| "provides more options for classes and has lower enrollment in each " +#| "course. This means they can provide more attention to individual students " +#| "and offer classes on more specialized topics." msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " -"attract large audiences. “Over the years, we realized that online " -"communities are more specific than we thought,” Mariana said. Ártica now " -"provides more options for classes and has lower enrollment in each course. " -"This means they can provide more attention to individual students and offer " -"classes on more specialized topics." +"attract large audiences. <quote>Over the years, we realized that online " +"communities are more specific than we thought,</quote> Mariana said. Ártica " +"now provides more options for classes and has lower enrollment in each " +"course. This means they can provide more attention to individual students " +"and offer classes on more specialized topics." msgstr "" "Cuando empezaron, ofrecían un número más pequeño de cursos para atraer " "grandes audiencias. «A lo largo de los años, nos dimos cuenta que las " @@ -7694,7 +8114,7 @@ msgstr "" "especializados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3651 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -7710,7 +8130,7 @@ msgstr "" "individuales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3659 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -7725,20 +8145,34 @@ msgstr "" "les lleva a algo nuevo, cada nuevo recurso que crean abre nuevas puertas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3667 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " +#| "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online " +#| "education, blog posts, videos—is published under an Attribution-" +#| "ShareAlike license (CC BY-SA). “We use a ShareAlike license because we " +#| "want to give the greatest freedom to our students and readers, and we " +#| "also want that freedom to be viral,” Jorge said. For them, giving others " +#| "the right to reuse and remix their content is a fundamental value. “How " +#| "can you offer an online educational service without giving permission to " +#| "download, make and keep copies, or print the educational resources?” " +#| "Jorge said. “If we want to do the best for our students—those who trust " +#| "in us to the point that they are willing to pay online without face-to-" +#| "face contact—we have to offer them a fair and ethical agreement.”" msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " "blog posts, videos—is published under an Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC " -"BY-SA). “We use a ShareAlike license because we want to give the greatest " -"freedom to our students and readers, and we also want that freedom to be " -"viral,” Jorge said. For them, giving others the right to reuse and remix " -"their content is a fundamental value. “How can you offer an online " -"educational service without giving permission to download, make and keep " -"copies, or print the educational resources?” Jorge said. “If we want to do " -"the best for our students—those who trust in us to the point that they are " -"willing to pay online without face-to-face contact—we have to offer them a " -"fair and ethical agreement.”" +"BY-SA). <quote>We use a ShareAlike license because we want to give the " +"greatest freedom to our students and readers, and we also want that freedom " +"to be viral,</quote> Jorge said. For them, giving others the right to reuse " +"and remix their content is a fundamental value. <quote>How can you offer an " +"online educational service without giving permission to download, make and " +"keep copies, or print the educational resources?</quote> Jorge said. " +"<quote>If we want to do the best for our students—those who trust in us to " +"the point that they are willing to pay online without face-to-face contact—" +"we have to offer them a fair and ethical agreement.</quote>" msgstr "" "Ártica depende fuertemente en su contenido licenciado de forma libre con " "Creative Commons para atraer nuevos estudiantes y clientes. Todo lo que crean" @@ -7755,7 +8189,7 @@ msgstr "" "un acuerdo justo y ético.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3683 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -7771,15 +8205,26 @@ msgstr "" "oportunidades para su negocio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3691 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another " +#| "belief—in serendipity. When describing their process for creating " +#| "content, they spoke of all of the spontaneous and organic ways they find " +#| "inspiration. “Sometimes, the collaborative process starts with a " +#| "conversation between us, or with friends from other projects,” Jorge " +#| "said. “That can be the first step for a new blog post or another simple " +#| "piece of content, which can evolve to a more complex product in the " +#| "future, like a course or a book.”" msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " "spoke of all of the spontaneous and organic ways they find inspiration. " -"“Sometimes, the collaborative process starts with a conversation between us, " -"or with friends from other projects,” Jorge said. “That can be the first " -"step for a new blog post or another simple piece of content, which can " -"evolve to a more complex product in the future, like a course or a book.”" +"<quote>Sometimes, the collaborative process starts with a conversation " +"between us, or with friends from other projects,</quote> Jorge said. " +"<quote>That can be the first step for a new blog post or another simple " +"piece of content, which can evolve to a more complex product in the future, " +"like a course or a book.</quote>" msgstr "" "Esta convicción de que la apertura crea nuevas oportunidades refleja otra " "convicción––en la serendipia. Cuando describen su proceso para crear " @@ -7791,14 +8236,24 @@ msgstr "" "complejo en el futuro, como un curso o un libro.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3665 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3702 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative " +#| "process be dynamic. “This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " +#| "order to get good professional results, but the design process is more " +#| "flexible,” Jorge said. They share early and often, and they adjust based " +#| "on what they learn, always exploring and testing new ideas and ways of " +#| "operating. In many ways, for them, the process is just as important as " +#| "the final product." msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " -"be dynamic. “This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in order to " -"get good professional results, but the design process is more flexible,” " -"Jorge said. They share early and often, and they adjust based on what they " -"learn, always exploring and testing new ideas and ways of operating. In many " -"ways, for them, the process is just as important as the final product." +"be dynamic. <quote>This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in " +"order to get good professional results, but the design process is more " +"flexible,</quote> Jorge said. They share early and often, and they adjust " +"based on what they learn, always exploring and testing new ideas and ways of " +"operating. In many ways, for them, the process is just as important as the " +"final product." msgstr "" "En lugar de planear su trabajo por adelantado, ellos dejan que su proceso " "creativo sea dinámico. «Esto no significa que no necesitamos trabajar duro " @@ -7809,13 +8264,20 @@ msgstr "" "importante como el producto final." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3674 -msgid "" -"People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In the " -"educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay attention to " -"people and process, rather than content or specific formats or materials,” " -"Mariana said. “Materials and content are fluid. The important thing is the " -"relationships.”" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3712 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In " +#| "the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " +#| "attention to people and process, rather than content or specific formats " +#| "or materials,” Mariana said. “Materials and content are fluid. The " +#| "important thing is the relationships.”" +msgid "" +"People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. " +"<quote>In the educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay " +"attention to people and process, rather than content or specific formats or " +"materials,</quote> Mariana said. <quote>Materials and content are fluid. " +"The important thing is the relationships.</quote>" msgstr "" "Las personas y las relaciones también son así de importantes, a veces más. " "«En el negocio educacional y cultural, es más importante poner atención a " @@ -7824,7 +8286,7 @@ msgstr "" "importante son las relaciones.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3720 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -7835,18 +8297,30 @@ msgstr "" "compartir sus conocimientos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3687 -msgid "" -"At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content is " -"not enough,” Jorge said. “We also think that it is very important to take a " -"stand for some things in the cultural sector.” Mariana and Jorge are " -"activists. They defend free culture (the movement promoting the freedom to " -"modify and distribute creative work) and work to demonstrate the " -"intersection between free culture and other social-justice movements. Their " -"efforts to involve people in their work and enable artists and cultural " -"institutions to better use technology are all tied closely to their belief " -"system. Ultimately, what drives their work is a mission to democratize art " -"and culture." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3725 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content " +#| "is not enough,” Jorge said. “We also think that it is very important to " +#| "take a stand for some things in the cultural sector.” Mariana and Jorge " +#| "are activists. They defend free culture (the movement promoting the " +#| "freedom to modify and distribute creative work) and work to demonstrate " +#| "the intersection between free culture and other social-justice movements. " +#| "Their efforts to involve people in their work and enable artists and " +#| "cultural institutions to better use technology are all tied closely to " +#| "their belief system. Ultimately, what drives their work is a mission to " +#| "democratize art and culture." +msgid "" +"At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. <quote>Good " +"content is not enough,</quote> Jorge said. <quote>We also think that it is " +"very important to take a stand for some things in the cultural sector.</" +"quote> Mariana and Jorge are activists. They defend free culture (the " +"movement promoting the freedom to modify and distribute creative work) and " +"work to demonstrate the intersection between free culture and other social-" +"justice movements. Their efforts to involve people in their work and enable " +"artists and cultural institutions to better use technology are all tied " +"closely to their belief system. Ultimately, what drives their work is a " +"mission to democratize art and culture." msgstr "" "En el centro de todo lo que Ártica hace están un conjunto de valores. «Un " "contenido bueno no es suficiente,» dijo Jorge. «Nosotros también pensamos " @@ -7861,7 +8335,7 @@ msgstr "" "cultura." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3739 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -7874,17 +8348,24 @@ msgstr "" "gastos. Los recursos humanos son, por mucho, su gasto más grande. Ellos " "aprovechan una red de colaboradores dependiendo de cada caso, y contratan " "para proyectos específicos. Cuando es posible, toman recursos artísticos y " -"culturales del procomún, y utilizan software libre. Su operación es pequeña, " -"eficiente y sostenible, y por esto, es un éxito." +"culturales del bien común, y utilizan software libre. Su operación es " +"pequeña, eficiente y sostenible, y por esto, es un éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3709 -msgid "" -"“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it is " -"easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very specific and " -"personal.” Ártica’s model is rooted in the personal at every level. For " -"Mariana and Jorge, success means doing what brings them personal meaning and " -"purpose, and doing it sustainably and collaboratively." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3747 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it " +#| "is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very specific " +#| "and personal.” Ártica’s model is rooted in the personal at every level. " +#| "For Mariana and Jorge, success means doing what brings them personal " +#| "meaning and purpose, and doing it sustainably and collaboratively." +msgid "" +"<quote>There are lots of people offering online courses,</quote> Jorge said. " +"<quote>But it is easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very " +"specific and personal.</quote> Ártica’s model is rooted in the personal at " +"every level. For Mariana and Jorge, success means doing what brings them " +"personal meaning and purpose, and doing it sustainably and collaboratively." msgstr "" "«Hay muchas personas ofreciendo cursos en línea,» dijo Jorge. «Pero es fácil " "diferenciarnos. Tenemos un enfoque que es muy específico y persona.» El " @@ -7893,13 +8374,20 @@ msgstr "" "hacerlo de forma sostenible y colaborativa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize " +#| "that this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success " +#| "we get from the media. “If they seek only the traditional type of " +#| "success, they will get frustrated,” Mariana said. “We try to show them " +#| "another image of what it looks like.”" msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " -"from the media. “If they seek only the traditional type of success, they " -"will get frustrated,” Mariana said. “We try to show them another image of " -"what it looks like.”" +"from the media. <quote>If they seek only the traditional type of success, " +"they will get frustrated,</quote> Mariana said. <quote>We try to show them " +"another image of what it looks like.</quote>" msgstr "" "En su trabajo con artistas más jóvenes, Mariana y Jorge tratan de hacer " "énfasis en que este modelo de éxito es tan valioso como la imagen de éxito " @@ -7908,12 +8396,12 @@ msgstr "" "cómo se ve.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3764 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "Blender Institute" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3767 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." @@ -7922,41 +8410,36 @@ msgstr "" "utilizando el software Blender. Fundado en 2006 en los Países Bajos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3772 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3735 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for physical " -#| "copies, selling merchandise" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3774 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ingresos: crowdfunding (basado en subscripción), cobrando por " -"copias físicas, venta de mercancía" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: crowdfunding " +"(basado en subscripción), cobrando por copias físicas, venta de mercancía" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3739 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: March 8, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3778 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 8 de marzo, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 8 de marzo, 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3741 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: Francesco Siddi, production coordinator" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3780 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" -msgstr "Entrevistado: Francesco Siddi, coordinador de producción" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " +"coordinador de producción" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3788 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -7977,7 +8460,7 @@ msgstr "" "Blender y a su comunidad de maneras concretas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3799 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -7998,12 +8481,19 @@ msgstr "" "en conjunto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3770 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3809 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and " +#| "free culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. " +#| "Blender’s production coordinator Francesco Siddi told us, “Ton believes " +#| "if you don’t make content using your tools, then you’re not doing " +#| "anything.”" msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " -"production coordinator Francesco Siddi told us, “Ton believes if you don’t " -"make content using your tools, then you’re not doing anything.”" +"production coordinator Francesco Siddi told us, <quote>Ton believes if you " +"don’t make content using your tools, then you’re not doing anything.</quote>" msgstr "" "En vez de únicamente hablar de los beneficios teóricos de compartir y de la " "cultura libre, a Ton le gusta más hacer cultura libre. El coordinador de " @@ -8011,7 +8501,7 @@ msgstr "" "contenido empleando tus propias herramientas, no estás haciendo nada.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3816 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -8033,17 +8523,28 @@ msgstr "" "bajo la Licencia Pública General GNU." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3827 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " +#| "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and " +#| "quickly raised the money he needed. The Blender software became freely " +#| "available for anyone to use. Simply applying the General Public License " +#| "to the software, however, was not enough to create a thriving community " +#| "around it. Francesco told us, “Software of this complexity relies on " +#| "people and their vision of how people work together. Ton is a fantastic " +#| "community builder and manager, and he put a lot of work into fostering a " +#| "community of developers so that the project could live.”" msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " "raised the money he needed. The Blender software became freely available for " "anyone to use. Simply applying the General Public License to the software, " "however, was not enough to create a thriving community around it. Francesco " -"told us, “Software of this complexity relies on people and their vision of " -"how people work together. Ton is a fantastic community builder and manager, " -"and he put a lot of work into fostering a community of developers so that " -"the project could live.”" +"told us, <quote>Software of this complexity relies on people and their " +"vision of how people work together. Ton is a fantastic community builder and " +"manager, and he put a lot of work into fostering a community of developers " +"so that the project could live.</quote>" msgstr "" "Esto fue mucho antes de que Kickstarter y otros sitios en línea de " "crowdfunding existieran, pero Ton hizo su propia versión de una campaña de " @@ -8057,13 +8558,22 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad de desarrolladores para que el proyecto pudiera vivir.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3840 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender " +#| "developed quickly because the community could make fixes and " +#| "improvements. “Software should be free and open to hack,” Francesco said. " +#| "“Otherwise, everyone is doing the same thing in the dark for ten years.” " +#| "Ton set up the Blender Foundation to oversee and steward the software " +#| "development and maintenance." msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " -"quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. “Software " -"should be free and open to hack,” Francesco said. “Otherwise, everyone is " -"doing the same thing in the dark for ten years.” Ton set up the Blender " -"Foundation to oversee and steward the software development and maintenance." +"quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. " +"<quote>Software should be free and open to hack,</quote> Francesco said. " +"<quote>Otherwise, everyone is doing the same thing in the dark for ten years." +"</quote> Ton set up the Blender Foundation to oversee and steward the " +"software development and maintenance." msgstr "" "Como cualquier proyecto exitoso de software libre y de fuentes abiertas, " "Blender se desarrolló rápidamente pues la comunidad podía hacer correcciones " @@ -8073,7 +8583,7 @@ msgstr "" "administrar al desarrollo y mantenimiento de software." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3849 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -8094,14 +8604,23 @@ msgstr "" "programa Blender." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3859 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They " +#| "had about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the " +#| "costs were significant. Francesco said that when their crowdfunding " +#| "campaign succeeded, people were astounded. “The idea that making money " +#| "was possible by producing CC-licensed material was mind-blowing to " +#| "people,” he said. “They were like, ‘I have to see it to believe it.’”" msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " "were significant. Francesco said that when their crowdfunding campaign " -"succeeded, people were astounded. “The idea that making money was possible " -"by producing CC-licensed material was mind-blowing to people,” he said. " -"“They were like, ‘I have to see it to believe it.’”" +"succeeded, people were astounded. <quote>The idea that making money was " +"possible by producing CC-licensed material was mind-blowing to people,</" +"quote> he said. <quote>They were like, <quote>I have to see it to believe " +"it.</quote></quote>" msgstr "" "Utilizaron al crowdfunding para financiar los costos del proyecto. Tenían " "unas veinte personas trabajando a tiempo completo por entre seis y diez " @@ -8112,7 +8631,7 @@ msgstr "" "creerlo.'”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3869 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -8127,7 +8646,19 @@ msgstr "" "sus caracteres animados fueron recogidos por vendedores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3877 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have " +#| "gotten bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has " +#| "become more complex, combining technical experts and artists who focus on " +#| "storytelling. Francesco says the process is almost on an industrial scale " +#| "because of the number of moving parts. This requires a lot of specialized " +#| "assistance, but the Blender Institute has no problem finding the talent " +#| "it needs to help on projects. “Blender hardly does any recruiting for " +#| "film projects because the talent emerges naturally,” Francesco said. “So " +#| "many people want to work with us, and we can’t always hire them because " +#| "of budget constraints.”" msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -8135,9 +8666,10 @@ msgid "" "Francesco says the process is almost on an industrial scale because of the " "number of moving parts. This requires a lot of specialized assistance, but " "the Blender Institute has no problem finding the talent it needs to help on " -"projects. “Blender hardly does any recruiting for film projects because the " -"talent emerges naturally,” Francesco said. “So many people want to work " -"with us, and we can’t always hire them because of budget constraints.”" +"projects. <quote>Blender hardly does any recruiting for film projects " +"because the talent emerges naturally,</quote> Francesco said. <quote>So many " +"people want to work with us, and we can’t always hire them because of budget " +"constraints.</quote>" msgstr "" "Francesco dice que, al paso del tiempo, los proyectos del Blender Institute " "se han hecho más grandes y prominentes. Eso significa que el proceso de " @@ -8152,14 +8684,24 @@ msgstr "" "limitantes presupuestales.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3890 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over " +#| "the years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only " +#| "is crowdfunding simply more familiar to the public, but people know and " +#| "trust Blender to deliver, and Ton has developed a reputation as an " +#| "effective community leader and visionary for their work. “There is a " +#| "whole community who sees and understands the benefit of these projects,” " +#| "Francesco said." msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " "crowdfunding simply more familiar to the public, but people know and trust " "Blender to deliver, and Ton has developed a reputation as an effective " -"community leader and visionary for their work. “There is a whole community " -"who sees and understands the benefit of these projects,” Francesco said." +"community leader and visionary for their work. <quote>There is a whole " +"community who sees and understands the benefit of these projects,</quote> " +"Francesco said." msgstr "" "Blender ha tenido mucho éxito consiguiendo dinero de su comunidad a lo largo " "de los años. De muchas maneras, se ha vuelto más fácil hacer el discurso de " @@ -8170,13 +8712,22 @@ msgstr "" "comprende el beneficio de estos proyectos,” dice Francesco." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3899 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch " +#| "for crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has " +#| "found some limitations in the standard crowdfunding model where you " +#| "propose a specific project and ask for funding. “Once a project is over, " +#| "everyone goes home,” he said. “It is great fun, but then it ends. That is " +#| "a problem.”" msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " "some limitations in the standard crowdfunding model where you propose a " -"specific project and ask for funding. “Once a project is over, everyone " -"goes home,” he said. “It is great fun, but then it ends. That is a problem.”" +"specific project and ask for funding. <quote>Once a project is over, " +"everyone goes home,</quote> he said. <quote>It is great fun, but then it " +"ends. That is a problem.</quote>" msgstr "" "Si bien los beneficios derivados de cada proyecto de película abierta son " "por sí solos un discurso de ventas efectivo para las campañas de " @@ -8187,7 +8738,7 @@ msgstr "" "entonces termina. Eso es un problema.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3908 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -8217,12 +8768,18 @@ msgstr "" "otros materiales utilizados en varios proyectos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3923 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes " +#| "five to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says " +#| "their goal is to grow their subscriber base. “This is our freedom,” he " +#| "told us, “and for artists, freedom is everything.”" msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " -"goal is to grow their subscriber base. “This is our freedom,” he told us, " -"“and for artists, freedom is everything.”" +"goal is to grow their subscriber base. <quote>This is our freedom,</quote> " +"he told us, <quote>and for artists, freedom is everything.</quote>" msgstr "" "El apoyo financiero continuo que provee Blender Cloud cubre el costo de " "entre cinco y seis empleados de tiempo completo en Blender Institute. " @@ -8230,7 +8787,7 @@ msgstr "" "nuesra libertad,” nos dice, ”y para los artistas, la libertad lo es todo.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -8248,7 +8805,7 @@ msgstr "" "productos Blender." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3939 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -8261,15 +8818,24 @@ msgstr "" "abierto. Vender una licencia nunca fue parte de su modelo de negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3946 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " +#| "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " +#| "Blender’s shoes and trying to make money off of their content. Ton " +#| "believes this is because the true value of what they do is in the " +#| "creative and production process. “Even when you share everything, all " +#| "your original sources, it still takes a lot of talent, skills, time, and " +#| "budget to reproduce what you did,” Ton said." msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " "Blender’s shoes and trying to make money off of their content. Ton believes " "this is because the true value of what they do is in the creative and " -"production process. “Even when you share everything, all your original " +"production process. <quote>Even when you share everything, all your original " "sources, it still takes a lot of talent, skills, time, and budget to " -"reproduce what you did,” Ton said." +"reproduce what you did,</quote> Ton said." msgstr "" "Desde 2006, ha liberado tanto las peliculas como todo su material fuente. " "Dice que prácticamente nunca ha visto que terceras personas se pongan los " @@ -8280,17 +8846,17 @@ msgstr "" "presupuesto reproducir lo que hiciste”, dijo Ton." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3956 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "Para Ton y Blender, a fin de cuentas todo se trata de hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "Cards Against Humanity" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3963 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." @@ -8300,39 +8866,45 @@ msgstr "" "Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3927 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" -msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: Cobrar por copias físicas" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: Cobrar por copias " +"físicas" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: February 3, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3973 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 3 de febrero, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 3 de febrero, " +"2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3933 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: Max Temkin, cofounder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3976 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" -msgstr "Entrevistado: Max Temkin, cofundador" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly " +#| "interesting about the Cards Against Humanity business model. “We make a " +#| "product. We sell it for money. Then we spend less money than we make,” " +#| "Max said." msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " -"about the Cards Against Humanity business model. “We make a product. We sell " -"it for money. Then we spend less money than we make,” Max said." +"about the Cards Against Humanity business model. <quote>We make a product. " +"We sell it for money. Then we spend less money than we make,</quote> Max " +"said." msgstr "" "Si se le pregunta al cofundador Max Temkin, no hay nada particularmente " "interesante en el modelo de negocios de Cards Against Humanity. Dice Max, " @@ -8340,15 +8912,24 @@ msgstr "" "del que ganamos”." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3990 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " +#| "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" +#| "the-blank statement from a black card, and the other players submit their " +#| "funniest white card in response. The catch is that all of the cards are " +#| "filled with crude, gruesome, and otherwise awful things. For the right " +#| "kind of people (“horrible people,” according to Cards Against Humanity " +#| "advertising), this makes for a hilarious and fun game." msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" "the-blank statement from a black card, and the other players submit their " "funniest white card in response. The catch is that all of the cards are " "filled with crude, gruesome, and otherwise awful things. For the right kind " -"of people (“horrible people,” according to Cards Against Humanity " -"advertising), this makes for a hilarious and fun game." +"of people (<quote>horrible people,</quote> according to Cards Against " +"Humanity advertising), this makes for a hilarious and fun game." msgstr "" "Tiene razón. Cards Against Humanity es un simple juego de fiestas, inspirado " "en el juego Manzanas a Manzanas. Para jugar, un jugador hace una pregunta o " @@ -8360,7 +8941,7 @@ msgstr "" "lograr un juego hilarante y divertido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4000 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -8375,7 +8956,7 @@ msgstr "" "oficiales, así como ediciones internacionales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4008 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -8388,7 +8969,7 @@ msgstr "" "contar las descargas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3971 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4014 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -8403,7 +8984,7 @@ msgstr "" "juego es todo un nuevo juego por sí solo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -8414,19 +8995,7 @@ msgstr "" "una base de seguidores masiva." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " -#| "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that " -#| "Max Temkin and his friends put together for their own amusement. As Max " -#| "tells the story, they made the game so they could play it themselves on " -#| "New Year’s Eve because they were too nerdy to be invited to other " -#| "parties. The game was a hit, so they decided to put it up online as a " -#| "free PDF. People started asking if they could pay to have the game " -#| "printed for them, and eventually they decided to run a Kickstarter to " -#| "fund the printing. They set their Kickstarter goal at \\$4,000—and raised " -#| "\\$15,000. The game was officially released in May 2011." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4027 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -8447,27 +9016,38 @@ msgstr "" "juego fue un éxito, así que lo pusieron en línea como un PDF gratuito. La " "gente comenzó a preguntarles si podrían pagarles para obtener una copia " "impresa del juego, y eventualmente decidieron lanzar un Kickstarter para " -"fondear la impresión. Fijaron su meta de Kickstarter en \\$4,000 —y " -"obtuvieron \\$15,000. El juego salió oficialmente a mercado en mayo de 2011." +"fondear la impresión. Fijaron su meta de Kickstarter en $4,000 —y obtuvieron " +"$15,000. El juego salió oficialmente a mercado en mayo de 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4040 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " +#| "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to " +#| "make it an ongoing business. “It kind of just happened,” he said." msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " -"it an ongoing business. “It kind of just happened,” he said." +"it an ongoing business. <quote>It kind of just happened,</quote> he said." msgstr "" "El juego tuvo éxito rápidamente, y con el tiempo su popularidad ha seguido " "creciendo. Max dice que los ocho fundadores nuna tuvieron una reunión donde " "decidieran hacer de éste un negocio continuado. ”Simplemente ocurrió,” dice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4003 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4046 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like " +#| "the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. " +#| "It is hard to forget a company that calls the FAQ on their website “Your " +#| "dumb questions.”" msgid "" -"But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like the " -"game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. It is " -"hard to forget a company that calls the FAQ on their website “Your dumb " -"questions.”" +"But this tale of a <quote>happy accident</quote> belies marketing genius. " +"Just like the game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and " +"memorable. It is hard to forget a company that calls the FAQ on their " +"website <quote>Your dumb questions.</quote>" msgstr "" "Pero este relato de un ”feliz accidente” desmiente a los genios de la " "mercadotecnia. Tal como lo es el juego, la marca Cards Against Humanity es " @@ -8475,7 +9055,7 @@ msgstr "" "preguntas frecuentes de su sitio Web ”Tus tontas preguntas.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4052 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than " @@ -8483,12 +9063,12 @@ msgstr "" #| "Friday illustrate this particularly well. For those outside the United " #| "States, Black Friday is the term for the day after the Thanksgiving " #| "holiday, the biggest shopping day of the year. It is an incredibly " -#| "important day for Cards Against Humanity, like it is for all U.S. " +#| "important day for Cards Against Humanity, like it is for all U.S. " #| "retailers. Max said they struggled with what to do on Black Friday " #| "because they didn’t want to support what he called the “orgy of " #| "consumerism” the day has become, particularly since it follows a day that " -#| "is about being grateful for what you have. In 2013, after deliberating, " -#| "they decided to have an Everything Costs \\$5 More sale." +#| "is about being grateful for what you have. In 2013, after deliberating, " +#| "they decided to have an Everything Costs $5 More sale." msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -8497,10 +9077,10 @@ msgid "" "biggest shopping day of the year. It is an incredibly important day for " "Cards Against Humanity, like it is for all U.S. retailers. Max said they " "struggled with what to do on Black Friday because they didn’t want to " -"support what he called the “orgy of consumerism” the day has become, " -"particularly since it follows a day that is about being grateful for what " -"you have. In 2013, after deliberating, they decided to have an Everything " -"Costs $5 More sale." +"support what he called the <quote>orgy of consumerism</quote> the day has " +"become, particularly since it follows a day that is about being grateful for " +"what you have. In 2013, after deliberating, they decided to have an " +"Everything Costs $5 More sale." msgstr "" "Como buena parte de la sátira de calidad, sin embargo, el chiste va más allá " "de la vulgaridad y el valor de impacto. Los esfuerzos de la compañía para " @@ -8514,26 +9094,37 @@ msgstr "" "llama la ”orgía de consumismo” en que se ha convertido este día, " "particularmente porque lo antecede un día que se trata de ser agradecido por " "lo que uno tiene. En 2013, después de deliberarlo mucho, decidieron iniciar " -"su Venta de Todo Cuesta \\$5 Más." +"su Venta de Todo Cuesta $5 Más." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4065 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans " +#| "were going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went " +#| "with it. People totally caught the joke.”" msgid "" -"“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans were " -"going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went with it. " -"People totally caught the joke.”" +"<quote>We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our " +"fans were going to hate us for it,</quote> he said. <quote>But it made us " +"laugh so we went with it. People totally caught the joke.</quote>" msgstr "" "”Estábamos muy nerviosos la noche antes del Viernes Negro, preguntándonos si " "nuestros _fans_ nos odiarían por eso,” dijo. ”Pero nos hizo reir, así que lo " "hicimos. La gente aceptó perfectamente el chiste.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, " +#| "it engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in " +#| "capitalism is just be honest with people,” Max said. “It shocks people " +#| "that there is transparency about what you are doing.”" msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " -"engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in " -"capitalism is just be honest with people,” Max said. “It shocks people that " -"there is transparency about what you are doing.”" +"engages their fans. <quote>One of the most surprising things you can do in " +"capitalism is just be honest with people,</quote> Max said. <quote>It shocks " +"people that there is transparency about what you are doing.</quote>" msgstr "" "Este tipo de transparencia valiente le encanta a los medios, pero más " "importante, involucra a sus seguidores. ”Una de las cosas más sorprendentes " @@ -8542,31 +9133,44 @@ msgstr "" "hacemos.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4078 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a little " #| "subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke.” " -#| "One year they did a Give Cards Against Humanity \\$5 event, where people " +#| "One year they did a Give Cards Against Humanity $5 event, where people " #| "literally paid them five dollars for no reason. Their fans wanted to make " -#| "the joke funnier by making it successful. They made \\$70,000 in a single " +#| "the joke funnier by making it successful. They made $70,000 in a single " #| "day." msgid "" -"Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a little " -"subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke.” One " -"year they did a Give Cards Against Humanity $5 event, where people literally " -"paid them five dollars for no reason. Their fans wanted to make the joke " -"funnier by making it successful. They made $70,000 in a single day." +"Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. <quote>If we do something a " +"little subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke." +"</quote> One year they did a Give Cards Against Humanity $5 event, where " +"people literally paid them five dollars for no reason. Their fans wanted to " +"make the joke funnier by making it successful. They made $70,000 in a single " +"day." msgstr "" "Max también le encuentra paralelos con la práctica de la improvisación. ”Si " "hacemos algo un poco subversivo e inesperado, el público quiere ser parte " -"del chiste.” Un año hicieron un evento llamado ”Dale \\$5 a Cards Against " +"del chiste.” Un año hicieron un evento llamado ”Dale $5 a Cards Against " "Humanity”, donde la gente literalmente les pagaba cinco dólares sin ninguna " "razón para hacerlo. Sus seguidores hicieron el chiste más gracioso " -"haciéndolo exitoso. Obtuvieron \\$70,000 en un sólo día." +"haciéndolo exitoso. Obtuvieron $70,000 en un sólo día." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4086 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " +#| "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " +#| "customers to reuse and remix your work requires a leap of faith. Cards " +#| "Against Humanity obviously isn’t afraid of doing the unexpected, but " +#| "there are lines even they do not want to cross. Before applying the " +#| "license, Max said they worried that some fans would adapt the game to " +#| "include all of the jokes they intentionally never made because they " +#| "crossed that line. “It happened, and the world didn’t end,” Max said. “If " +#| "that is the worst cost of using CC, I’d pay that a hundred times over " +#| "because there are so many benefits.”" msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -8574,10 +9178,10 @@ msgid "" "Against Humanity obviously isn’t afraid of doing the unexpected, but there " "are lines even they do not want to cross. Before applying the license, Max " "said they worried that some fans would adapt the game to include all of the " -"jokes they intentionally never made because they crossed that line. “It " -"happened, and the world didn’t end,” Max said. “If that is the worst cost of " -"using CC, I’d pay that a hundred times over because there are so many " -"benefits.”" +"jokes they intentionally never made because they crossed that line. " +"<quote>It happened, and the world didn’t end,</quote> Max said. <quote>If " +"that is the worst cost of using CC, I’d pay that a hundred times over " +"because there are so many benefits.</quote>" msgstr "" "Esta notable confianza que tienen en sus clientes es lo que los inspiró a " "aplicar una licencia Creative Commons a su juego. Confiar en que sus " @@ -8591,7 +9195,7 @@ msgstr "" "veces, porque los beneficios son muchísimos.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4056 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4099 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -8607,12 +9211,18 @@ msgstr "" "del juego creadas por los seguidores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4064 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4107 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " +#| "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to " +#| "the unbelievable situation where we are one of the best-marketed games in " +#| "the world, and we have never spent a dime on marketing.”" msgid "" -"Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " +"Max said, <quote>CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " "unbelievable situation where we are one of the best-marketed games in the " -"world, and we have never spent a dime on marketing.”" +"world, and we have never spent a dime on marketing.</quote>" msgstr "" "Max dijo, ”CC resultó una decisión natural para nosotros porque atrae a una " "muy gran cantidad de gente. Hacer que el juego fuera gratuito y disponible " @@ -8621,18 +9231,30 @@ msgstr "" "en la comercialización.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4114 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to " +#| "do with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike " +#| "license because it restricts people from using the game to make money. It " +#| "also requires that adaptations of the game be made available under the " +#| "same licensing terms if they are shared publicly. Cards Against Humanity " +#| "also polices its brand. “We feel like we’re the only ones who can use our " +#| "brand and our game and make money off of it,” Max said. About 99.9 " +#| "percent of the time, they just send an email to those making commercial " +#| "use of the game, and that is the end of it. There have only been a " +#| "handful of instances where they had to get a lawyer involved." msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "because it restricts people from using the game to make money. It also " "requires that adaptations of the game be made available under the same " "licensing terms if they are shared publicly. Cards Against Humanity also " -"polices its brand. “We feel like we’re the only ones who can use our brand " -"and our game and make money off of it,” Max said. About 99.9 percent of the " -"time, they just send an email to those making commercial use of the game, " -"and that is the end of it. There have only been a handful of instances where " -"they had to get a lawyer involved." +"polices its brand. <quote>We feel like we’re the only ones who can use our " +"brand and our game and make money off of it,</quote> Max said. About 99.9 " +"percent of the time, they just send an email to those making commercial use " +"of the game, and that is the end of it. There have only been a handful of " +"instances where they had to get a lawyer involved." msgstr "" "Claro, hay límites a lo que la compañía permite a sus clientes hacer con el " "juego. Eligieron el licenciamiento Atribución-NoComercial-CompartirIgual " @@ -8646,15 +9268,25 @@ msgstr "" "habido un puñado de casos en los que involucraron a un abogado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4128 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " +#| "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " +#| "every white card has to work syntactically with enough black cards. The " +#| "eight creators invest an incredible amount of work into creating new " +#| "cards for the game. “We have daylong arguments about commas,” Max said. " +#| "“The slacker tone of the cards gives people the impression that it is " +#| "easy to write them, but it is actually a lot of work and quibbling.”" msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " "every white card has to work syntactically with enough black cards. The " "eight creators invest an incredible amount of work into creating new cards " -"for the game. “We have daylong arguments about commas,” Max said. “The " -"slacker tone of the cards gives people the impression that it is easy to " -"write them, but it is actually a lot of work and quibbling.”" +"for the game. <quote>We have daylong arguments about commas,</quote> Max " +"said. <quote>The slacker tone of the cards gives people the impression that " +"it is easy to write them, but it is actually a lot of work and quibbling.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" "Tal como el modelo de negocios de Cards Against Humanity va más allá de lo " "obvio, lo mismo puede decirse del juego mismo. Para ser jugada, toda tarjeta " @@ -8666,7 +9298,7 @@ msgstr "" "cantidad de trabajo y de atención a las sutilezas.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4139 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -8688,38 +9320,46 @@ msgstr "" "publicado, una vez que la gente crea sus propias adaptaciones del juego." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " +#| "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested " +#| "in the Walt Disney philosophy of financial success. “We don’t make jokes " +#| "and games to make money—we make money so we can make more jokes and " +#| "games,” he said." msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " -"the Walt Disney philosophy of financial success. “We don’t make jokes and " -"games to make money—we make money so we can make more jokes and games,” he " -"said." +"the Walt Disney philosophy of financial success. <quote>We don’t make jokes " +"and games to make money—we make money so we can make more jokes and games,</" +"quote> he said." msgstr "" "Y a pesar de todo su éxito, los creadores de Cards Against Humanity sólo " "están parcialmente motivados por el dinero. Max dice que siempre han estado " "interesados en la filosofía de Walt Disney acerca del éxito financiero. ”No " -"hcemos chistes y juegos para ganar dinero —ganamos dinero para poder hacer " -"más chistes y juegos,” dice." +"hcemos chistes y juegos para ganar dinero: ganamos dinero para poder hacer " +"más chistes y juegos\", dice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4157 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" -#| "In fact, the company has given more than \\$4 million to various " -#| "charities and causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all " -#| "have other interests and hobbies. We are passionate about other things " -#| "going on in our lives. A lot of the activism we have done comes out of us " -#| "taking things from the rest of our lives and channeling some of the " -#| "excitement from the game into it.”" +#| "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities " +#| "and causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all have other " +#| "interests and hobbies. We are passionate about other things going on in " +#| "our lives. A lot of the activism we have done comes out of us taking " +#| "things from the rest of our lives and channeling some of the excitement " +#| "from the game into it.”" msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " -"causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all have other interests " -"and hobbies. We are passionate about other things going on in our lives. A " -"lot of the activism we have done comes out of us taking things from the rest " -"of our lives and channeling some of the excitement from the game into it.”" +"causes. <quote>Cards is not our life plan,</quote> Max said. <quote>We all " +"have other interests and hobbies. We are passionate about other things going " +"on in our lives. A lot of the activism we have done comes out of us taking " +"things from the rest of our lives and channeling some of the excitement from " +"the game into it.</quote>" msgstr "" -"De hecho, la compañía ha dado más de 4 millones de dólares a diversas " +"De hecho, la compañía ha dado más de 4 millones de dólares a diversas " "caridades y otras causas. ”Las cartas no son nuestro plan de vida,” dice " "Max. ”Todos tenemos otros intereses y pasatiempos. Nos apasionan otras cosas " "en nuestras vidas. Mucho del activismo que hemos hecho proviene de cosas que " @@ -8727,7 +9367,7 @@ msgstr "" "juego hacia ellas.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4166 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -8743,12 +9383,18 @@ msgstr "" "obtener más dinero de los clientes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4173 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” " +#| "Max said. “If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not " +#| "best strategy. This kind of business model, though, speaks to your " +#| "values, and who you are and why you’re making things.”" msgid "" -"“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” Max " -"said. “If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not best " -"strategy. This kind of business model, though, speaks to your values, and " -"who you are and why you’re making things.”" +"<quote>It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing," +"</quote> Max said. <quote>If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then " +"CC is not best strategy. This kind of business model, though, speaks to your " +"values, and who you are and why you’re making things.</quote>" msgstr "" "”No es para todos liberar todo bajo un licenciamiento CC,” dice Max. ”Si su " "único objetivo es hacer mucho dinero, CC puede no ser la mejor estrategia. " @@ -8756,12 +9402,12 @@ msgstr "" "quién es usted, y por qué está haciendo las cosas.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4181 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "The Conversation (La conversación)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4184 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -8772,35 +9418,30 @@ msgstr "" "través de Internet. Fundado en el 2011 en Australia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4147 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Revenue model: charging content creators (universities pay membership " -#| "fees to have their faculties serve as writers), grant funding" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4191 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " "writers), grant funding" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ingresos: cobrarle a los creadores de contenidos (las " -"universidades pagan una cuota de membresía para tener a sus profesores como " -"escritores), donaciones" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: cobrarle a los " +"creadores de contenidos (las universidades pagan una cuota de membresía para " +"tener a sus profesores como escritores), donaciones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4154 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: Andrew Jaspan, founder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4198 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" -msgstr "Entrevistado: Andrew Jaspan, fundador" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, fundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4206 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -8818,7 +9459,7 @@ msgstr "" "realizó un compromiso de regresar con un modelo alternativo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4216 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -8834,7 +9475,7 @@ msgstr "" "sexy." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4223 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -8873,7 +9514,7 @@ msgstr "" "público pero no tan bueno al exhibir su experiencia ante amplias audiencias." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4244 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -8899,7 +9540,7 @@ msgstr "" "escribiendo lo que ellos quieran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4257 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -8923,7 +9564,7 @@ msgstr "" "licenciado con Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4270 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -8943,12 +9584,12 @@ msgstr "" "fidedigna de información basada en evidencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4283 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -8965,20 +9606,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Andrew trabajó mucho para reinventar una metodología para crear contenido " "confiable y creíble. Introdujo nuevas prácticas de trabajo, un estatuto y " -"códigos de conducta.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Estas guías incluyen divulgar quién es cada autor (con " -"su experiencia relevante); quién está financiando su investigación; y si hay " -"algún conflicto de intereses potencial o real. También es importante dónde " -"se genera el contenido, e incluso si viene de la universidad y de una " -"comunidad de investigación, este contenido necesita divulgarse " -"completamente. The Conversation no se sienta detrás de los paywalls. Andrew " -"cree que el acceso a la infromación es una cuestión de equidad —todos " -"deberían tener acceso, tal como tener acceso al agua potable es un derecho. " -"The Conversation está comprometida con una Internet abierta y libre. " -"Cualquiera debería tener libre acceso a su contenido y poder compartirlo o " -"republicarlo." +"códigos de conducta.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Estas guías " +"incluyen divulgar quién es cada autor (con su experiencia relevante); quién " +"está financiando su investigación; y si hay algún conflicto de intereses " +"potencial o real. También es importante dónde se genera el contenido, e " +"incluso si viene de la universidad y de una comunidad de investigación, este " +"contenido necesita divulgarse completamente. The Conversation no se sienta " +"detrás de los paywalls. Andrew cree que el acceso a la infromación es una " +"cuestión de equidad —todos deberían tener acceso, tal como tener acceso al " +"agua potable es un derecho. The Conversation está comprometida con una " +"Internet abierta y libre. Cualquiera debería tener libre acceso a su " +"contenido y poder compartirlo o republicarlo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4296 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -9002,7 +9643,7 @@ msgstr "" "que hace The Conversation." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4308 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -9018,7 +9659,7 @@ msgstr "" "través de ser un proveedor acreditado para el feed de Noticias de Google." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4316 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -9036,7 +9677,7 @@ msgstr "" "no recibe ningún anuncio y es una empresa sin ánimo de lucro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -9056,7 +9697,7 @@ msgstr "" "del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4335 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -9074,13 +9715,20 @@ msgstr "" "y las características distintivas del servicio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4344 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " +#| "branding of the university associated with the article. On the " +#| "Conversation website, paying university members are listed as “members " +#| "and funders.” Early participants may be designated as “founding members,” " +#| "with seats on the editorial advisory board." msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " -"website, paying university members are listed as “members and funders.” " -"Early participants may be designated as “founding members,” with seats on " -"the editorial advisory board." +"website, paying university members are listed as <quote>members and funders." +"</quote> Early participants may be designated as <quote>founding members,</" +"quote> with seats on the editorial advisory board." msgstr "" "Cuando los profesores de las universidades miembro escriben un artículo, hay " "cierta publicidad de la universidad asociada con el artículo. En el sitio " @@ -9090,7 +9738,7 @@ msgstr "" "editorial asesor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -9110,7 +9758,7 @@ msgstr "" "dónde se está republicando el artículo y el número de lecturas por artículo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4362 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -9127,7 +9775,7 @@ msgstr "" "consulta de una empresa sobre un tema." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4370 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -9138,13 +9786,20 @@ msgstr "" "y moestrar por qué son de valor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4330 -msgid "" -"With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation " -"represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more informed " -"citizenry and improved democracy around the world. Its open business model " -"and use of Creative Commons show how it’s possible to generate both a public " -"good and operational revenue at the same time." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4375 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation " +#| "represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more informed " +#| "citizenry and improved democracy around the world. Its open business " +#| "model and use of Creative Commons show how it’s possible to generate both " +#| "a public good and operational revenue at the same time." +msgid "" +"With its tagline, <quote>Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,</quote> the " +"Conversation represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more " +"informed citizenry and improved democracy around the world. Its open " +"business model and use of Creative Commons show how it’s possible to " +"generate both a public good and operational revenue at the same time." msgstr "" "Con su eslógan \"Rigor académico, talento periodístico\", The Conversation " "representa un nuevo tipo de periodismo que contribuye a una ciudadanía más " @@ -9154,12 +9809,12 @@ msgstr "" "tiempo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4384 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "Cory Doctorow" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." @@ -9168,7 +9823,7 @@ msgstr "" "periodista. Vive en los Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4345 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" @@ -9177,34 +9832,39 @@ msgstr "" "\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4348 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (book sales), pay-what-you-" -#| "want, selling translation rights to books" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4393 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" msgstr "" -"Modelo de negocios: cobrar por las copias físicas (venta de libros), pague-" -"lo-que-quiera, vender derechos de traducción de los libros" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de negocios</emphasis>: cobrar por las " +"copias físicas (venta de libros), pague-lo-que-quiera, vender derechos de " +"traducción de los libros" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: January 12, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4397 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 12 de enero, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 12 de enero, " +"2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4360 -msgid "" -"Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he is " -"not a brand. “To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing that has " -"certain qualities, remove the qualities, and go on selling it,” he said. " -"“I’m not out there trying to figure out how to be a brand. I’m doing this " -"thing that animates me to work crazy insane hours because it’s the most " -"important thing I know how to do.”" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4405 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he " +#| "is not a brand. “To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing " +#| "that has certain qualities, remove the qualities, and go on selling it,” " +#| "he said. “I’m not out there trying to figure out how to be a brand. I’m " +#| "doing this thing that animates me to work crazy insane hours because it’s " +#| "the most important thing I know how to do.”" +msgid "" +"Cory Doctorow hates the term <quote>business model,</quote> and he is " +"adamant that he is not a brand. <quote>To me, branding is the idea that you " +"can take a thing that has certain qualities, remove the qualities, and go on " +"selling it,</quote> he said. <quote>I’m not out there trying to figure out " +"how to be a brand. I’m doing this thing that animates me to work crazy " +"insane hours because it’s the most important thing I know how to do.</quote>" msgstr "" "Cory Doctorow odia el término ”modelo de negocios”, y es firme en sostener " "que él no es una marca. ”Para mí, armar una marca es esta idea de que se " @@ -9215,7 +9875,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4414 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -9226,7 +9886,7 @@ msgstr "" "camino para que ellos lo compartieran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4419 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -9246,7 +9906,7 @@ msgstr "" "que los creadores pueden ganarse la vida en la era de Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -9257,7 +9917,22 @@ msgstr "" "modelos de pague-lo-que-quiera para su trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4435 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " +#| "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " +#| "restrictive copyright and digital-rights-management (DRM) technology used " +#| "to lock up content because he thinks both undermine creators and the " +#| "public interest. He is currently a special adviser at the Electronic " +#| "Frontier Foundation, where he is involved in a lawsuit challenging the U." +#| "S. law that protects DRM. Cory says his political work doesn’t directly " +#| "make him money, but if he gave it up, he thinks he would lose credibility " +#| "and, more importantly, lose the drive that propels him to create. “My " +#| "political work is a different expression of the same artistic-political " +#| "urge,” he said. “I have this suspicion that if I gave up the things that " +#| "didn’t make me money, the genuineness would leach out of what I do, and " +#| "the quality that causes people to like what I do would be gone.”" msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -9267,11 +9942,11 @@ msgid "" "Foundation, where he is involved in a lawsuit challenging the U.S. law that " "protects DRM. Cory says his political work doesn’t directly make him money, " "but if he gave it up, he thinks he would lose credibility and, more " -"importantly, lose the drive that propels him to create. “My political work " -"is a different expression of the same artistic-political urge,” he said. “I " -"have this suspicion that if I gave up the things that didn’t make me money, " -"the genuineness would leach out of what I do, and the quality that causes " -"people to like what I do would be gone.”" +"importantly, lose the drive that propels him to create. <quote>My political " +"work is a different expression of the same artistic-political urge,</quote> " +"he said. <quote>I have this suspicion that if I gave up the things that " +"didn’t make me money, the genuineness would leach out of what I do, and the " +"quality that causes people to like what I do would be gone.</quote>" msgstr "" "Mientras que el trabajo de ficción de Cory tiene muchos seguidores, es " "igualmente reconocido por su activismo. Es un destacado oponente del derecho " @@ -9289,18 +9964,31 @@ msgstr "" "que hace que lo que hago le guste a la gente.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4452 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " +#| "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, " +#| "he stresses how important it is not to become an artist if your goal is " +#| "to get rich. “Entering the arts because you want to get rich is like " +#| "buying lottery tickets because you want to get rich,” he wrote. “It might " +#| "work, but it almost certainly won’t. Though, of course, someone always " +#| "wins the lottery.” He acknowledges that he is one of the lucky few to " +#| "“make it,” but he says he would be writing no matter what. “I am " +#| "compelled to write,” he wrote. “Long before I wrote to keep myself fed " +#| "and sheltered, I was writing to keep myself sane.”" msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " "stresses how important it is not to become an artist if your goal is to get " -"rich. “Entering the arts because you want to get rich is like buying lottery " -"tickets because you want to get rich,” he wrote. “It might work, but it " -"almost certainly won’t. Though, of course, someone always wins the " -"lottery.” He acknowledges that he is one of the lucky few to “make it,” but " -"he says he would be writing no matter what. “I am compelled to write,” he " -"wrote. “Long before I wrote to keep myself fed and sheltered, I was writing " -"to keep myself sane.”" +"rich. <quote>Entering the arts because you want to get rich is like buying " +"lottery tickets because you want to get rich,</quote> he wrote. <quote>It " +"might work, but it almost certainly won’t. Though, of course, someone always " +"wins the lottery.</quote> He acknowledges that he is one of the lucky few to " +"<quote>make it,</quote> but he says he would be writing no matter what. " +"<quote>I am compelled to write,</quote> he wrote. <quote>Long before I " +"wrote to keep myself fed and sheltered, I was writing to keep myself sane.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" "Cory ha sido financieramente exitoso, pero el dinero no es su motivación " "primaria. Al comienzo de su libro Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, " @@ -9314,15 +10002,24 @@ msgstr "" "estaba escribiendo para mantenerme cuerdo.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " +#| "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " +#| "Commons is a moral imperative. “It felt morally right,” he said of his " +#| "decision to adopt Creative Commons licenses. “I felt like I wasn’t " +#| "contributing to the culture of surveillance and censorship that has been " +#| "created to try to stop copying.” In other words, using CC licenses " +#| "symbolizes his worldview." msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " -"Commons is a moral imperative. “It felt morally right,” he said of his " -"decision to adopt Creative Commons licenses. “I felt like I wasn’t " -"contributing to the culture of surveillance and censorship that has been " -"created to try to stop copying.” In other words, using CC licenses " -"symbolizes his worldview." +"Commons is a moral imperative. <quote>It felt morally right,</quote> he said " +"of his decision to adopt Creative Commons licenses. <quote>I felt like I " +"wasn’t contributing to the culture of surveillance and censorship that has " +"been created to try to stop copying.</quote> In other words, using CC " +"licenses symbolizes his worldview." msgstr "" "Del mismo modo que el dinero no es su principal motivación para crear, el " "dinero no es su motivación principal para compartir. Para Cory, compartir su " @@ -9334,15 +10031,24 @@ msgstr "" "simboliza su visión de mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4476 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his " +#| "work with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to " +#| "do a controlled experiment to compare the commercial benefits of " +#| "licensing with CC against reserving all rights, he thinks he has sold " +#| "more books using a CC license than he would have without it. Cory says " +#| "his goal is to convince people they should pay him for his work. “I " +#| "started by not calling them thieves,” he said." msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " "controlled experiment to compare the commercial benefits of licensing with " "CC against reserving all rights, he thinks he has sold more books using a CC " "license than he would have without it. Cory says his goal is to convince " -"people they should pay him for his work. “I started by not calling them " -"thieves,” he said." +"people they should pay him for his work. <quote>I started by not calling " +"them thieves,</quote> he said." msgstr "" "También siente que hay una base comercial sólida para licenciar su trabajo " "con Creative Commons. Mientras que reconoce que no ha sido capaz de hacer un " @@ -9353,17 +10059,30 @@ msgstr "" "su trabajo. \"Empecé por no llamarlos ladrones\", dice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4486 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At " +#| "the time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was " +#| "overrun with people scanning and downloading books without permission. " +#| "When he and his publisher took a closer look at who was doing that sort " +#| "of thing online, they realized it looked a lot like book promotion. “I " +#| "knew there was a relationship between having enthusiastic readers and " +#| "having a successful career as a writer,” he said. “At the time, it took " +#| "eighty hours to OCR a book, which is a big effort. I decided to spare " +#| "them the time and energy, and give them the book for free in a format " +#| "destined to spread.”" msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " "with people scanning and downloading books without permission. When he and " "his publisher took a closer look at who was doing that sort of thing online, " -"they realized it looked a lot like book promotion. “I knew there was a " +"they realized it looked a lot like book promotion. <quote>I knew there was a " "relationship between having enthusiastic readers and having a successful " -"career as a writer,” he said. “At the time, it took eighty hours to OCR a " -"book, which is a big effort. I decided to spare them the time and energy, " -"and give them the book for free in a format destined to spread.”" +"career as a writer,</quote> he said. <quote>At the time, it took eighty " +"hours to OCR a book, which is a big effort. I decided to spare them the time " +"and energy, and give them the book for free in a format destined to spread.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" "Cory comenzó a utilizar las licencias CC al poco tiempo de que fueran " "creadas. En el momento en que su primera novela salió, el género de la " @@ -9377,7 +10096,7 @@ msgstr "" "y darles el libro de manera gratuita en un formato destinado a difundirlo.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -9393,13 +10112,20 @@ msgstr "" "establecido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent " +#| "people from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, " +#| "Cory makes his work intrinsically shareable. “Getting the hell out of " +#| "the way for people who want to share their love of you with other people " +#| "sounds obvious, but it’s remarkable how many people don’t do it,” he said." msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " -"his work intrinsically shareable. “Getting the hell out of the way for " -"people who want to share their love of you with other people sounds obvious, " -"but it’s remarkable how many people don’t do it,” he said." +"his work intrinsically shareable. <quote>Getting the hell out of the way " +"for people who want to share their love of you with other people sounds " +"obvious, but it’s remarkable how many people don’t do it,</quote> he said." msgstr "" "El resultado final, dice Cory, es que nadie ha encontrado una forma de " "detener a la gente para que copie las cosas que le gustan. En vez de luchar " @@ -9409,19 +10135,34 @@ msgstr "" "lo hace\", dice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4469 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4515 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " +#| "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. “Being open to fan activity " +#| "makes you part of the conversation about what fans do with your work and " +#| "how they interact with it,” he said. Cory’s own website routinely " +#| "highlights cool things his audience has done with his work. Unlike " +#| "corporations like Disney that tend to have a hands-off relationship with " +#| "their fan activity, he has a symbiotic relationship with his audience. " +#| "“Engaging with your audience can’t guarantee you success,” he said. “And " +#| "Disney is an example of being able to remain aloof and still being the " +#| "most successful company in the creative industry in history. But I figure " +#| "my likelihood of being Disney is pretty slim, so I should take all the " +#| "help I can get.”" msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " -"view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. “Being open to fan activity makes " -"you part of the conversation about what fans do with your work and how they " -"interact with it,” he said. Cory’s own website routinely highlights cool " -"things his audience has done with his work. Unlike corporations like Disney " -"that tend to have a hands-off relationship with their fan activity, he has a " -"symbiotic relationship with his audience. “Engaging with your audience can’t " -"guarantee you success,” he said. “And Disney is an example of being able to " -"remain aloof and still being the most successful company in the creative " -"industry in history. But I figure my likelihood of being Disney is pretty " -"slim, so I should take all the help I can get.”" +"view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. <quote>Being open to fan activity " +"makes you part of the conversation about what fans do with your work and how " +"they interact with it,</quote> he said. Cory’s own website routinely " +"highlights cool things his audience has done with his work. Unlike " +"corporations like Disney that tend to have a hands-off relationship with " +"their fan activity, he has a symbiotic relationship with his audience. " +"<quote>Engaging with your audience can’t guarantee you success,</quote> he " +"said. <quote>And Disney is an example of being able to remain aloof and " +"still being the most successful company in the creative industry in history. " +"But I figure my likelihood of being Disney is pretty slim, so I should take " +"all the help I can get.</quote>" msgstr "" "Hacer su trabajo disponible bajo una licencia Creative Commons le permite " "ver a sus fans más grandes como sus embajadores. ”Estar abierto a la " @@ -9438,7 +10179,7 @@ msgstr "" "que pueda obtener.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4530 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -9466,7 +10207,20 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles de manera gratuita." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his " +#| "philosophy to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of " +#| "seeds each spring, and they are blown into the air going in every " +#| "direction. The strategy is to maximize the number of blind chances the " +#| "dandelion has for continuing its genetic line. Similarly, he says there " +#| "are lots of people out there who may want to buy creative work or " +#| "compensate authors for it in some other way. “The more places your work " +#| "can find itself, the greater the likelihood that it will find one of " +#| "those would-be customers in some unsuspected crack in the metaphorical " +#| "pavement,” he wrote. “The copies that others make of my work cost me " +#| "nothing, and present the possibility that I’ll get something.”" msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -9474,11 +10228,11 @@ msgid "" "strategy is to maximize the number of blind chances the dandelion has for " "continuing its genetic line. Similarly, he says there are lots of people out " "there who may want to buy creative work or compensate authors for it in some " -"other way. “The more places your work can find itself, the greater the " +"other way. <quote>The more places your work can find itself, the greater the " "likelihood that it will find one of those would-be customers in some " -"unsuspected crack in the metaphorical pavement,” he wrote. “The copies that " -"others make of my work cost me nothing, and present the possibility that " -"I’ll get something.”" +"unsuspected crack in the metaphorical pavement,</quote> he wrote. <quote>The " +"copies that others make of my work cost me nothing, and present the " +"possibility that I’ll get something.</quote>" msgstr "" "En su libro Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, Cory compara su filosofía " "con las flores de los dientes de león o panaderos. Estas flores producen " @@ -9494,15 +10248,26 @@ msgstr "" "posibilidad de obtener algo.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4560 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " +#| "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" +#| "for similar reasons. DRM has the effect of tying a work to a particular " +#| "platform. This digital lock, in turn, strips the authors of control over " +#| "their own work and hands that control over to the platform. He calls it " +#| "Cory’s First Law: “Anytime someone puts a lock on something that belongs " +#| "to you and won’t give you the key, that lock isn’t there for your " +#| "benefit.”" msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" "for similar reasons. DRM has the effect of tying a work to a particular " "platform. This digital lock, in turn, strips the authors of control over " "their own work and hands that control over to the platform. He calls it " -"Cory’s First Law: “Anytime someone puts a lock on something that belongs to " -"you and won’t give you the key, that lock isn’t there for your benefit.”" +"Cory’s First Law: <quote>Anytime someone puts a lock on something that " +"belongs to you and won’t give you the key, that lock isn’t there for your " +"benefit.</quote>" msgstr "" "Aplicar una licencia CC a su trabajo aumenta la probabilidad de que su " "trabajo sea compartido más ampliamente en la web. Él no utiliza DRM —y se " @@ -9514,16 +10279,26 @@ msgstr "" "te entrega la llave, ese candado no está puesto ahí para tu beneficio.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " +#| "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The " +#| "Internet has opened up those avenues, but DRM is designed to limit them. " +#| "“On the one hand, we can credibly make our work available to a widely " +#| "dispersed audience,” he said. “On the other hand, the intermediaries we " +#| "historically sold to are making it harder to go around them.” Cory " +#| "continually looks for ways to reach his audience without relying upon " +#| "major platforms that will try to take control over his work." msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " -"has opened up those avenues, but DRM is designed to limit them. “On the one " -"hand, we can credibly make our work available to a widely dispersed " -"audience,” he said. “On the other hand, the intermediaries we historically " -"sold to are making it harder to go around them.” Cory continually looks for " -"ways to reach his audience without relying upon major platforms that will " -"try to take control over his work." +"has opened up those avenues, but DRM is designed to limit them. <quote>On " +"the one hand, we can credibly make our work available to a widely dispersed " +"audience,</quote> he said. <quote>On the other hand, the intermediaries we " +"historically sold to are making it harder to go around them.</quote> Cory " +"continually looks for ways to reach his audience without relying upon major " +"platforms that will try to take control over his work." msgstr "" "Cory trabajo bajo la premisa de que los artistas se benefician cuando hay " "más lugares, en vez de menos, donde las personas pueden acceder a su " @@ -9536,7 +10311,7 @@ msgstr "" "de tomar control sobre su trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4534 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -9558,16 +10333,26 @@ msgstr "" "experimento de pague-lo-que-quiera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected " +#| "to the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One " +#| "way he does this is by personally answering every single email he gets. " +#| "“If you look at the history of artists, most die in penury,” he said. " +#| "“That reality means that for artists, we have to find ways to support " +#| "ourselves when public tastes shift, when copyright stops producing. " +#| "Future-proofing your artistic career in many ways means figuring out how " +#| "to stay connected to those people who have been touched by your work.”" msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " -"does this is by personally answering every single email he gets. “If you " -"look at the history of artists, most die in penury,” he said. “That reality " -"means that for artists, we have to find ways to support ourselves when " -"public tastes shift, when copyright stops producing. Future-proofing your " -"artistic career in many ways means figuring out how to stay connected to " -"those people who have been touched by your work.”" +"does this is by personally answering every single email he gets. <quote>If " +"you look at the history of artists, most die in penury,</quote> he said. " +"<quote>That reality means that for artists, we have to find ways to support " +"ourselves when public tastes shift, when copyright stops producing. Future-" +"proofing your artistic career in many ways means figuring out how to stay " +"connected to those people who have been touched by your work.</quote>" msgstr "" "Los fans están particularmente dispuestos a pagar cuando se sienten " "conectados personalmente al artista. Cory se esfuerza para crear esa " @@ -9581,13 +10366,20 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4605 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does " +#| "not reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact " +#| "that it is hard to make a living as an artist is nothing new. What is " +#| "new, he writes in his book, “is how many ways there are to make things, " +#| "and to get them into other people’s hands and minds.”" msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " "is hard to make a living as an artist is nothing new. What is new, he writes " -"in his book, “is how many ways there are to make things, and to get them " -"into other people’s hands and minds.”" +"in his book, <quote>is how many ways there are to make things, and to get " +"them into other people’s hands and minds.</quote>" msgstr "" "El realismo de Cory sobre la dificultad de ganarse la vida en el mundo del " "arte no refleja un pesimismo sobre la era de Internet. En cambio, él dice " @@ -9596,17 +10388,17 @@ msgstr "" "las cosas y cómo llevarlas a la mente y a las manos de otras personas.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4613 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "Nunca ha sido más fácil pensar como un diente de león." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4568 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "Figshare" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -9618,36 +10410,34 @@ msgstr "" "videos. Fundado en el año 2011 en Gran Bretaña." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4626 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4579 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4628 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" msgstr "" -"Model de negocios: la plataforma le provee servicios pagos a los creadores" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de negocios</emphasis>: la plataforma le " +"provee servicios pagos a los creadores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4582 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: January 28, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 28 de enero, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 28 de enero, " +"2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4585 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: Mark Hahnel, founder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4634 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" -msgstr "Entrevistado: Mark Hahnel, fundador" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, fundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -9669,7 +10459,7 @@ msgstr "" "forma tal que el modelo actual de publicación académica no permite." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -9681,7 +10471,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiempo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4658 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -9699,7 +10489,7 @@ msgstr "" "sería mejor para su carrera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -9712,7 +10502,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquiera. Así que empezó a trabajar en una solución." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4674 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -9724,7 +10514,7 @@ msgstr "" "un período largo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -9742,7 +10532,7 @@ msgstr "" "de DOIs para datos de investigación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4689 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -9757,7 +10547,7 @@ msgstr "" "CC BY (Atribución) para figuras, videos y conjuntos de datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4697 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -9771,7 +10561,7 @@ msgstr "" "ellos también lo utilizaran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4654 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -9788,7 +10578,7 @@ msgstr "" "utilizadas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4711 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -9802,7 +10592,17 @@ msgstr "" "modelo de negocios del tipo freemium." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " +#| "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with " +#| "Creative Commons and receives a DOI link. The premium option charges " +#| "researchers a fee for gigabytes of private storage space, and for private " +#| "online space designed for a set number of research collaborators, which " +#| "is ideal for larger teams and geographically dispersed research groups. " +#| "Figshare sums up its value proposition to researchers as “You retain " +#| "ownership. You license it. You get credit. We just make sure it persists.”" msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -9810,8 +10610,8 @@ msgid "" "fee for gigabytes of private storage space, and for private online space " "designed for a set number of research collaborators, which is ideal for " "larger teams and geographically dispersed research groups. Figshare sums up " -"its value proposition to researchers as “You retain ownership. You license " -"it. You get credit. We just make sure it persists.”" +"its value proposition to researchers as <quote>You retain ownership. You " +"license it. You get credit. We just make sure it persists.</quote>" msgstr "" "Bajo el modelo freemium, los académicos suben sus investigaciones a Figshare " "para almacenar y compartir de manera gratuita. Cada objeto de investigación " @@ -9825,7 +10625,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nosotros simplemente nos aseguramos de que persista.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4730 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -9845,7 +10645,7 @@ msgstr "" "proveyera esa funcionalidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4740 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -9874,7 +10674,7 @@ msgstr "" "para los datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4754 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -9894,7 +10694,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocios, agregando servicios para instituciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4764 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -9914,7 +10714,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecarias y administradoras, tanto como investigadoras." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4774 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -9939,7 +10739,7 @@ msgstr "" "(Atribución-SinDerivados)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4787 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -9959,7 +10759,7 @@ msgstr "" "el ejemplo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4797 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -9976,7 +10776,7 @@ msgstr "" "instituciones la harán su licencia de elección." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4810 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" @@ -9985,7 +10785,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4813 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" @@ -9994,17 +10794,7 @@ msgstr "" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4755 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " -#| "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other " -#| "applications. As an example, Mark shared a Figshare data set showing the " -#| "journal subscriptions that higher-education institutions in the United " -#| "Kingdom paid to ten major publishers.1 Figshare’s API enables that data " -#| "to be pulled into an app developed by a completely different researcher " -#| "that converts the data into a visually interesting graph, which any " -#| "viewer can alter by changing any of the variables.2" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4805 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -10020,14 +10810,16 @@ msgstr "" "siglas en Inglés) que hace posible que los datos sean tomados de Figshare y " "usados en otras aplicaciones. Por ejemplo, Mark compartió un conjunto de " "datos de Figshare mostrando subscripciones a revistas que instituciones de " -"educación superior en el Reino Unido pagaron a 10 grandes editoriales.1 La " -"API de Figshare permite que los datos sean puestos en una aplicación " -"desarrollada por personas investigadoras completamente diferentes que " -"convierte los datos en un gráfico visualmente interesante, el cual cualquier " -"persona espectadora puede alterar cambiando cualquiera de las variables.2" +"educación superior en el Reino Unido pagaron a 10 grandes editoriales." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> La API de Figshare permite que los " +"datos sean puestos en una aplicación desarrollada por personas " +"investigadoras completamente diferentes que convierte los datos en un " +"gráfico visualmente interesante, el cual cualquier persona espectadora puede " +"alterar cambiando cualquiera de las variables.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4816 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -10049,12 +10841,12 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4831 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -10070,15 +10862,16 @@ msgstr "" "el momento correcto. Él también cree que la diversificación del modelo de " "Figshare a través del tiempo ha sido clave para el éxito. Figshare ahora " "ofrece un exhaustivo conjunto de servicios para personas investigadoras, " -"editoriales e instituciones.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Si él hubiera confiado solamente en los " -"ingresos por subscripciones premium, él cree que Figshare hubiera sufrido. " -"En los primeros días de Figshare, sus personas usuarias principales eran " -"personas académicas empezando o terminando sus carreras. Fue solo porque " -"patrocinadoras mandaron licenciamiento abierto que Figshare ahora está " -"siendo usado por las principales instituciones." +"editoriales e instituciones.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Si él " +"hubiera confiado solamente en los ingresos por subscripciones premium, él " +"cree que Figshare hubiera sufrido. En los primeros días de Figshare, sus " +"personas usuarias principales eran personas académicas empezando o " +"terminando sus carreras. Fue solo porque patrocinadoras mandaron " +"licenciamiento abierto que Figshare ahora está siendo usado por las " +"principales instituciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4838 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -10094,7 +10887,7 @@ msgstr "" "y fuentes de noticias." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4846 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -10121,12 +10914,12 @@ msgstr "" "permitiendo que las personas colaboren y hagan nuevos descubrimientos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4861 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "Figure.NZ" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -10137,87 +10930,101 @@ msgstr "" "reusables y fáciles de entender. Fundada en 2012 en Nueva Zelanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4869 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4821 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators, donations, " -#| "sponsorships" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4871 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ingresos: plataforma que proporciona servicios con costo a los " -"creadores, donaciones, patrocinios" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: plataforma que " +"proporciona servicios con costo a los creadores, donaciones, patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: May 3, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4874 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 3 de mayo, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 3 de mayo, 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: Lillian Grace, founder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4876 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" -msgstr "Entrevistada: Lillian Grace, fundadora" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistada</emphasis> : Lillian Grace, fundadora" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4885 +msgid "" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" +"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" +msgstr "" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" +"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4884 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " -"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,1 Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace " -"said there are thousands of valuable and relevant data sets freely available " -"to us right now, but most people don’t use them. She used to think this " -"meant people didn’t care about being informed, but she’s come to see that " -"she was wrong. Almost everyone wants to be informed about issues that matter—" -"not only to them, but also to their families, their communities, their " -"businesses, and their country. But there’s a big difference between " -"availability and accessibility of information. Data is spread across " -"thousands of sites and is held within databases and spreadsheets that " -"require both time and skill to engage with. To use data when making a " -"decision, you have to know what specific question to ask, identify a source " -"that has collected the data, and manipulate complex tools to extract and " -"visualize the information within the data set. Lillian established Figure.NZ " -"to make data truly accessible to all, with a specific focus on New Zealand." +"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace said there are thousands of valuable " +"and relevant data sets freely available to us right now, but most people " +"don’t use them. She used to think this meant people didn’t care about being " +"informed, but she’s come to see that she was wrong. Almost everyone wants to " +"be informed about issues that matter—not only to them, but also to their " +"families, their communities, their businesses, and their country. But " +"there’s a big difference between availability and accessibility of " +"information. Data is spread across thousands of sites and is held within " +"databases and spreadsheets that require both time and skill to engage with. " +"To use data when making a decision, you have to know what specific question " +"to ask, identify a source that has collected the data, and manipulate " +"complex tools to extract and visualize the information within the data set. " +"Lillian established Figure.NZ to make data truly accessible to all, with a " +"specific focus on New Zealand." msgstr "" "En el estudio titulado Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data " -"presentado en forum Data Futures de Nueva Zelanda en 2014,1 la fundadora de " -"Figure.NZ Lillian Grace comentó que hay miles de conjuntos de datos " -"valiosos y relevantes disponibles en estos momentos, pero la mayoría de las " -"personas no los usan. Ella solía pensar que eso significaba que la gente no " -"se preocupa de estar infomada, pero ha visto que estaba equivocada. Casi " -"todos quieren estar informados acerca de temas que les importan—no solo a " -"ellos, sino también a sus familias, a sus comunidades, a sus negocios, y a " -"su país. Pero hay una gran diferencia entre disponibilidad y accesibilidad " -"de la información. La información esta desperdigada a través de miles de " -"sitios y es almacenada dentro de bases de datos y hojas de cálculo que " -"requieren tiempo y habilidades para usarlas. Para usar información cuando se " -"tomá una decisión, tiene que saber que pregunta específica realizar, " -"identificar una fuenta que haya recolectado la información, y manipular " -"herramientas complejas para extraer y visualizar la información dentro del " -"conjunto de datos. Lillian estableció Figure.NZ para hacer a la información " -"verdaderamente accesible para todos, con un enfoque específico en Nueva " -"Zelanda." - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4854 +"presentado en forum Data Futures de Nueva Zelanda en 2014,<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> la fundadora de Figure.NZ Lillian Grace comentó que " +"hay miles de conjuntos de datos valiosos y relevantes disponibles en estos " +"momentos, pero la mayoría de las personas no los usan. Ella solía pensar que " +"eso significaba que la gente no se preocupa de estar informada, pero ha " +"visto que estaba equivocada. Casi todos quieren estar informados acerca de " +"temas que les importan—no solo a ellos, sino también a sus familias, a sus " +"comunidades, a sus negocios, y a su país. Pero hay una gran diferencia " +"entre disponibilidad y accesibilidad de la información. La información esta " +"desperdigada a través de miles de sitios y es almacenada dentro de bases de " +"datos y hojas de cálculo que requieren tiempo y habilidades para usarlas. " +"Para usar información cuando se toma una decisión, tiene que saber que " +"pregunta específica realizar, identificar una fuente que haya recolectado la " +"información, y manipular herramientas complejas para extraer y visualizar la " +"información dentro del conjunto de datos. Lillian estableció Figure.NZ para " +"hacer a la información verdaderamente accesible para todos, con un enfoque " +"específico en Nueva Zelanda." + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4903 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " +#| "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " +#| "prosperity, social well-being, environmental quality, and environmental " +#| "productivity for New Zealand and New Zealanders. While giving talks to " +#| "community and business groups, Lillian realized “every single issue we " +#| "addressed would have been easier to deal with if more people understood " +#| "the basic facts.” But understanding the basic facts sometimes requires " +#| "data and research that you often have to pay for." msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " "prosperity, social well-being, environmental quality, and environmental " "productivity for New Zealand and New Zealanders. While giving talks to " -"community and business groups, Lillian realized “every single issue we " +"community and business groups, Lillian realized <quote>every single issue we " "addressed would have been easier to deal with if more people understood the " -"basic facts.” But understanding the basic facts sometimes requires data and " -"research that you often have to pay for." +"basic facts.</quote> But understanding the basic facts sometimes requires " +"data and research that you often have to pay for." msgstr "" "Lillian tuvo la idea para Figure.NZ en febrero del 2012 mientras trabajaba " "para el New Zealand Institute, un laboratorio de ideas preocupado con " @@ -10230,7 +11037,7 @@ msgstr "" "información e investigación por los cuales usualmente tiene que pagar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4865 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4914 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -10257,7 +11064,7 @@ msgstr "" "aquellos que quisieran abrir su información y presentarla visualmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4879 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4928 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -10287,10 +11094,10 @@ msgstr "" "enlinea. Figure.NZ hace su información y sus gráficos disponibles usando la " "licencia Attribution (CC BY). Esto permite a otros reusar, revisar, " "remezclar, y redistribuir la información de Figure.NZ y los gráficos en " -"tanto den créditos a la fuente original y a Figure.NZ" +"tanto den créditos a la fuente original y a Figure.NZ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4954 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" @@ -10299,7 +11106,7 @@ msgstr "" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4896 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4945 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -10323,14 +11130,15 @@ msgstr "" "importante se mostró esa decisión. El gobierno de Nueva Zelanda tenía un " "framework de acceso y licenciamiento abierto llamado NZGOAL, el cual " "proporcionaba orientación para las agencias cuando liberaban trabajo y " -"material con y sin copyright.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Su objetivo es estandarizar el licenciamiento " -"de obras con derechos de autor del gobierno y cómo se pueden reutilizar, y " -"lo realiza con licencias Creative Commons. Como resultdo, 98 porciento de " -"toda la información de las agencias gubernamentales es licenciada con " -"Creative Commons, lo cual queda muy bien con la decisión de Figure.NZ" +"material con y sin copyright.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Su " +"objetivo es estandarizar el licenciamiento de obras con derechos de autor " +"del gobierno y cómo se pueden reutilizar, y lo realiza con licencias " +"Creative Commons. Como resultdo, 98 porciento de toda la información de las " +"agencias gubernamentales es licenciada con Creative Commons, lo cual queda " +"muy bien con la decisión de Figure.NZ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4961 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -10357,7 +11165,7 @@ msgstr "" "Figure.NZ. Las personas los ven como un luchador y fuente confiable." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4974 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -10393,7 +11201,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquier organización se diferencien, se comercialicen y se creen una marca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -10406,7 +11214,7 @@ msgstr "" "obtener valor de la información y los visuales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -10437,18 +11245,30 @@ msgstr "" "los usuarios, para verdaderamente democratizar la información." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4966 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5015 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often " +#| "not well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it " +#| "difficult for customers and Figure.NZ to figure out what it would cost to " +#| "import, standardize, and display that data in a useful way. To deal with " +#| "this, Figure.NZ uses “high-trust contracts,” where customers allocate a " +#| "certain budget to the task that Figure.NZ is then free to draw from, as " +#| "long as Figure.NZ frequently reports on what they’ve produced so the " +#| "customer can determine the value for money. This strategy has helped " +#| "build trust and transparency about the level of effort associated with " +#| "doing work that has never been done before." msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " "for customers and Figure.NZ to figure out what it would cost to import, " "standardize, and display that data in a useful way. To deal with this, " -"Figure.NZ uses “high-trust contracts,” where customers allocate a certain " -"budget to the task that Figure.NZ is then free to draw from, as long as " -"Figure.NZ frequently reports on what they’ve produced so the customer can " -"determine the value for money. This strategy has helped build trust and " -"transparency about the level of effort associated with doing work that has " -"never been done before." +"Figure.NZ uses <quote>high-trust contracts,</quote> where customers allocate " +"a certain budget to the task that Figure.NZ is then free to draw from, as " +"long as Figure.NZ frequently reports on what they’ve produced so the " +"customer can determine the value for money. This strategy has helped build " +"trust and transparency about the level of effort associated with doing work " +"that has never been done before." msgstr "" "Lillian percibe que el actual estado de la mayoría de los datos es terrible " "y frecuentemente no es bien entendido por las personas que los tienen. " @@ -10463,12 +11283,12 @@ msgstr "" "nunca se había hecho antes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5034 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5029 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -10480,28 +11300,30 @@ msgstr "" "ASB y Statistics New Zealand son socios que soportan los esfuerzos de " "Figure.NZ. Como un ejemplo, con su apoyo Figure.NZ ha sido capaz de crear " "Business Figures, un medio especial para negocios para hallar datos útiles " -"sin tener que saber que preguntas realizar.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"sin tener que saber que preguntas realizar.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5037 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " "data together to flesh out those areas. Patrons do not direct what data is " "included or excluded." msgstr "" -"Figure.NZ también tiene patrocinadores.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Los patrocinadores donan a las " -"áreas temáticas de las que se preocupan, lo que permite directamente a " -"Figure.NZ para obtener datos juntos para desarrollar esas áreas. Los " -"patrocinadores no dirigen qué datos están incluidos o excluidos." +"Figure.NZ también tiene patrocinadores.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Los patrocinadores donan a las áreas temáticas de las que se " +"preocupan, lo que permite directamente a Figure.NZ para obtener datos juntos " +"para desarrollar esas áreas. Los patrocinadores no dirigen qué datos están " +"incluidos o excluidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5043 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -10515,7 +11337,7 @@ msgstr "" "de impuestos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5049 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -10539,7 +11361,7 @@ msgstr "" "construyendo relaciones externas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5061 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -10559,7 +11381,7 @@ msgstr "" "experiencias intuitivas, no manuales de usuarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5071 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -10586,7 +11408,7 @@ msgstr "" "accede, e interpreta los datos de los tópicos en los que están interesados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5035 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5085 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We " @@ -10597,38 +11419,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Lillian tiene un intensa y profunda visión para Figure.NZ que se proyecta " "más allá de simplemente proporcionar servicios de datos abiertos. Comenta " -"que las cosas son diferentes ahora.«Solíamos vivir en un mundo dónde era muy " -"difícil compartir información ampliamente. Y en ese mundo, el mejor futuro " -"fue creado al tener unos cuantos grandes líderes quienes esencialmente " -"tenían acceso a la información y quienes tomaron decisiones en nombre de " -"otros, ya fuera en nombre de un país o de empresas. »" +"que las cosas son diferentes ahora. «Solíamos vivir en un mundo dónde era " +"muy difícil compartir información ampliamente. Y en ese mundo, el mejor " +"futuro fue creado al tener unos cuantos grandes líderes, quienes " +"esencialmente tenían acceso a la información, y quienes tomaron decisiones " +"en nombre de otros, ya fuera en nombre de un país o de empresas»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5094 msgid "" "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " "future is the one where everyone can make well-informed decisions." msgstr "" -"«Pero ahora vivimoc en un mundo donde es muy fácil compartir información " +"«Pero ahora vivimos en un mundo donde es muy fácil compartir información " "ampliamente y también comunicarse extensamente. En el mundo que vivimos " "ahora, el mejor futuro es aquel donde cualquiera puede tomar decisiones bien " -"informadas.»" +"informadas»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5050 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100 msgid "" "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " "numbers as a part of our thinking and part of our understanding yet." msgstr "" -"«El uso de npúmeros y datos como un medio de tomar decisiones bien " -"informadas es una de las áreas donde existen las mayores brechas. Realmente " -"no usamos números como parte de nuestro pensamiento y nuestro entendiemiento " -"aún.»" +"«El uso de números y datos como un medio de tomar decisiones bien informadas " +"es una de las áreas donde existen las mayores brechas. Realmente no usamos a " +"los números como parte de nuestro pensamiento y nuestro entendiemiento aún»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5056 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5106 msgid "" "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -10640,39 +11461,49 @@ msgid "" "specially trained people can analyze and think with numbers." msgstr "" "«Parte de la razón es que la información esta desperdigada a través de " -"cientos de sitios. Adicionalmente, la mayor parte, el pensamiento profundo " -"basado en datos está constreñido a los expertos porque la mayoría de las " -"personas no tiene conocimientos en datos. Hubo un tiempo cuando muchos " -"ciudadanos en la sociedad no podían leer o escribir. Sin embargo, como " -"sociedad, hemos llegado a pensar que las habilidades para leer y escribir " -"deberían ser algo que todos los ciudadanos tengan. No hemos adoptado todavía " -"un pensamiento similar acerca de los números y el conocimiento de los datos. " -"Todavía creemos que solo unos pocos con entrenamiento especializado puede " -"analizar y pensar con números.»" +"cientos de sitios. Adicionalmente, en su mayor parte, el pensamiento " +"profundo basado en datos está limitado a los expertos porque la mayoría de " +"las personas no tiene conocimiento del manejo de datos. Hubo un tiempo en " +"que la mayor parte de los ciudadanos en la sociedad no sabían leer o " +"escribir. Sin embargo, como sociedad, hemos llegado a pensar que las " +"habilidades de leer y escribir deberían ser algo que todos los ciudadanos " +"tengan. No hemos adoptado todavía un pensamiento similar acerca de los " +"números y el conocimiento de los datos. Todavía creemos que solo unos pocos " +"con entrenamiento especializado puede analizar y pensar con números»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5117 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " "with trust and a network of relationships to make that possible. What you " "can see on Figure.NZ are tens of thousands of graphs, maps, and data." msgstr "" -"«Figure.Nz podría ser la primer organización en asegurar que cualquiera " +"«Figure.NZ podría ser la primer organización en asegurar que cualquiera " "puede usar números en su pensamiento, y ha construido una plataforma " "tecnológica junto con confianza y una red de relaciones para hacerlo " -"posible. Lo que puedes observar en Figure.NZ son decenas de miles de " -"gráficos, mapas y datos.»" +"posible. Lo que se observa en Figure.NZ son decenas de miles de gráficos, " +"mapas y datos»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5074 -msgid "" -"“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people analyze " -"what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5124 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " +#| "analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed " +#| "about society. A means of engaging in conversation and shaping decision " +#| "making that transcends personal experience. The long-term value and " +#| "impact is almost impossible to measure, but the goal is to help citizens " +#| "gain understanding and work together in more informed ways to shape the " +#| "future.”" +msgid "" +"<quote>Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people " +"analyze what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " "society. A means of engaging in conversation and shaping decision making " "that transcends personal experience. The long-term value and impact is " "almost impossible to measure, but the goal is to help citizens gain " -"understanding and work together in more informed ways to shape the future.”" +"understanding and work together in more informed ways to shape the future.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" "«Figure.NZ percibe esto como un nuevo tipo de alfabeto que puede ayudar a " "las personas para analizar lo que observan alrededor de ellas. Un medio para " @@ -10684,13 +11515,20 @@ msgstr "" "futuro.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5133 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " +#| "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to " +#| "get the “network effect”— users dramatically increasing value for " +#| "themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons " +#| "is core to making the network effect possible." msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " -"the “network effect”— users dramatically increasing value for themselves and " -"for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making " -"the network effect possible." +"the <quote>network effect</quote>— users dramatically increasing value for " +"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is " +"core to making the network effect possible." msgstr "" "Lillian piensa que el modelo de Figure.NZ tiene potencial global. Pero por " "ahora, su enfoque esta completamente abocado en lograr que Figure.NZ " @@ -10700,12 +11538,12 @@ msgstr "" "que el efecto red sea posible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5092 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "Knowledge Unlatched" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -10716,38 +11554,52 @@ msgstr "" "acceso abierto. Fundada en 2012 en el Reino Unido." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5102 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Revenue model: crowdfunding (specialized)" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" -msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: financiamiento comunitario (especializado)" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: financiamiento " +"comunitario (especializado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5105 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: February 26, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 26 de febrero, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 26 de febrero, " +"2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5108 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: Frances Pinter, founder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" -msgstr "Entrevistado: Frances Pinter, fundador" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, fundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5116 -msgid "" -"The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " +#| "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " +#| "the UK-based Knowledge Unlatched with a mission to enable open access to " +#| "scholarly books. For Frances, the current scholarly- book-publishing " +#| "system is not working for anyone, and especially not for monographs in " +#| "the humanities and social sciences. Knowledge Unlatched is committed to " +#| "changing this and has been working with libraries to create a sustainable " +#| "alternative model for publishing scholarly books, sharing the cost of " +#| "making monographs (released under a Creative Commons license) and " +#| "savings costs over the long term. Since its launch, Knowledge Unlatched " +#| "has received several awards, including the IFLA/Brill Open Access award " +#| "in 2014 and a Curtin University Commercial Innovation Award for " +#| "Innovation in Education in 2015." +msgid "" +"The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " "the UK-based Knowledge Unlatched with a mission to enable open access to " "scholarly books. For Frances, the current scholarly- book-publishing system " @@ -10777,9 +11629,15 @@ msgstr "" "2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " +#| "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder " +#| "Lawrence Lessig and got interested in Creative Commons as a tool for both " +#| "protecting content online and distributing it free to users." msgid "" -"Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " +"Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " "Lessig and got interested in Creative Commons as a tool for both protecting " "content online and distributing it free to users." @@ -10791,7 +11649,7 @@ msgstr "" "entre los usuarios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -10804,7 +11662,7 @@ msgstr "" "impresos. La ventas subieron, no bajaron." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -10836,14 +11694,22 @@ msgstr "" "para el formato impreso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the " +#| "book: 1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) " +#| "the printed book, and 3) a digital version of the book on an aggregator " +#| "platform with enhanced features. She thought of this as the “ice cream " +#| "model”: the free PDF was vanilla ice cream, the printed book was an ice " +#| "cream cone, and the enhanced e-book was an ice cream sundae." msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " "printed book, and 3) a digital version of the book on an aggregator platform " -"with enhanced features. She thought of this as the “ice cream model”: the " -"free PDF was vanilla ice cream, the printed book was an ice cream cone, and " -"the enhanced e-book was an ice cream sundae." +"with enhanced features. She thought of this as the <quote>ice cream model</" +"quote>: the free PDF was vanilla ice cream, the printed book was an ice " +"cream cone, and the enhanced e-book was an ice cream sundae." msgstr "" "Frances comenzó a observa el interes de los clientes en los tres formatos de " "los libros: 1) El libro gratuito enlinea con licencia Creative Commons en " @@ -10854,7 +11720,7 @@ msgstr "" "del helado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -10872,13 +11738,20 @@ msgstr "" "modelo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5180 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " +#| "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " +#| "imagine a coalition of libraries paying for the prepress costs—a “book-" +#| "processing charge”—and providing everyone in the world with an open-" +#| "access version of the books released under a Creative Commons license." msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " -"imagine a coalition of libraries paying for the prepress costs—a “book-" -"processing charge”—and providing everyone in the world with an open-access " -"version of the books released under a Creative Commons license." +"imagine a coalition of libraries paying for the prepress costs—a <quote>book-" +"processing charge</quote>—and providing everyone in the world with an open-" +"access version of the books released under a Creative Commons license." msgstr "" "Esta idea es similar al cobro de procesamiento de artículo que algunas " "revistas especializadas de acceso abierto cobran a los investigadores para " @@ -10889,7 +11762,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -10910,7 +11783,7 @@ msgstr "" "RU para las empresas sociales sin ánimo de lucro) en 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" @@ -10919,7 +11792,7 @@ msgstr "" "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Acedemic Publishing:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." @@ -10928,7 +11801,7 @@ msgstr "" "generación sólo a través de Knowledge Unlatched." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." @@ -10937,7 +11810,7 @@ msgstr "" "colecciones (como lo hacen con los proveedores de bibliotecas ahora)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." @@ -10946,7 +11819,7 @@ msgstr "" "que serán comprados y los precios establecidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -10959,7 +11832,7 @@ msgstr "" "mínimo de bibliotecas para cubrir la Cuota por Título." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -10971,12 +11844,12 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -10986,19 +11859,11 @@ msgstr "" "Las editoriales hacen copias impresas, libros electrónicos, y otras " "versiones digitales de títulos seleccionados disponibles para las " "bibliotecas miembros con un descuento que refleje su contribución a la Cuota " -"por Título e incentivan las membresías.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"por Título e incentivan las membresías.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5248 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " -#| "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " -#| "unlatched. The target was to have two hundred libraries participate. The " -#| "cost of the package per library was capped at \\$1,680, which was an " -#| "average price of sixty dollars per book, but in the end they had nearly " -#| "three hundred libraries sharing the costs, and the price per book came in " -#| "at just under forty-three dollars." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -11010,14 +11875,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "La primera ronda de este modelo resultó en una colección de veintiocho " "títulos actuales de trece editoriales especializadas reconocidas siendo " -"debloqueadas. El objetivo era tener doscientas bibliotecas participando. El " -"costo del paquete por biblioteca estaba limitado a \\$1,680, el cuál era un " +"desbloqueadas. El objetivo era tener doscientas bibliotecas participando. El " +"costo del paquete por biblioteca estaba limitado a $1,680, el cuál era un " "precio promedio de sesenta dolares por libro, pero al final tuvieron cerca " "de trescientas bibliotecas compartiendo los costos, y el precio por libro " "bajo hasta cuarenta y tres dolares." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" @@ -11026,7 +11891,7 @@ msgstr "" "availability-1/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -11039,17 +11904,18 @@ msgid "" "physical copies." msgstr "" "Las versiones Creative Commons con acceso abierto de estos veintiocho libros " -"todavía estan disponibles enlinea.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> La mayoría de los libros has sido " -"licenciados con CC BY-NC o CC BY-NC.ND. Los autores son los poseedores de " -"los derechos de autor, no la editorial, y negocian la opción de licencia " -"como parte del acuerdo editorial. Frances encontró que la mayoría de los " -"autores quieren retener el control sobre el uso comercial y de reuso de su " -"trabajo. Las editoriales incluyen los libros en sus catálogos, y la " -"restricción no-comercial en las licencias Creative Commons asegura a los " -"autores el continuar obteniendo regalías en la ventas de las copias físicas." +"todavía estan disponibles enlinea.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " +"La mayoría de los libros has sido licenciados con CC BY-NC o CC BY-NC.ND. " +"Los autores son los poseedores de los derechos de autor, no la editorial, y " +"negocian la opción de licencia como parte del acuerdo editorial. Frances " +"encontró que la mayoría de los autores quieren retener el control sobre el " +"uso comercial y de reuso de su trabajo. Las editoriales incluyen los libros " +"en sus catálogos, y la restricción no-comercial en las licencias Creative " +"Commons asegura a los autores el continuar obteniendo regalías en la ventas " +"de las copias físicas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -11071,7 +11937,7 @@ msgstr "" "la orden y el precio por libro baja para cada biblioteca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -11100,7 +11966,7 @@ msgstr "" "finalmente, desbloquearlos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -11112,7 +11978,7 @@ msgstr "" "ciclos de presupuestos, y las juntas del directorio de las bibliotecas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -11131,7 +11997,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotecarios, que ha involucrado a más bibliotecas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -11142,7 +12008,7 @@ msgstr "" "comenzará a hacer revistas especializadas de acceso libre también." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -11154,16 +12020,7 @@ msgstr "" "estandar cerrado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5323 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph " -#| "is \\$5,000 to \\$50,000. A good one costs in the \\$10,000 to \\$15,000 " -#| "range. Monographs typically don’t sell a lot of copies. A publisher who " -#| "in the past sold three thousand copies now typically sells only three " -#| "hundred. That makes unlatching monographs a low risk for publishers. For " -#| "the first round, it took five months to get thirteen publishers. For the " -#| "second round, it took one month to get twenty-six." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -11173,17 +12030,24 @@ msgid "" "it took five months to get thirteen publishers. For the second round, it " "took one month to get twenty-six." msgstr "" -"El costo para la editorial de tener una primera copia digita de una " -"monografía es de \\$5,000 a \\$50,000. Una buena tiene un costo en el rango " -"de los \\$10,000 a los \\$15,000. Las monografías típicamente no venden " -"muchas copias. Una editorial que en el pasado vendió tres mil copias ahora " +"El costo para la editorial de tener una primera copia digital de una " +"monografía es de $5,000 a $50,000. Una buena tiene un costo en el rango de " +"los $10,000 a los $15,000. Las monografías típicamente no venden muchas " +"copias. Una editorial que en el pasado vendió tres mil copias ahora " "típicamente vende solo trescientas. Eso hace que el desbloqueo de " "monografías tenga un bajo riesgo para las editoriales. Para la primera " "ronda, tomó cinco meses reunir trece editoriales. Para la segunda ronda, " -"tomó únicamente un mes reunir veintiseis." +"tomó únicamente un mes reunir veintiséis." + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390 +msgid "" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" +msgstr "" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -11191,19 +12055,20 @@ msgid "" "increases their reputation. Open access through unlatching generates many " "more downloads and therefore awareness. (On the Knowledge Unlatched website, " "you can find interviews with the twenty-eight round-one authors describing " -"their experience and the benefits of taking part.)5" +"their experience and the benefits of taking part.)<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Los autores generalmente no obtienen mucho en regalías de las monografías. " -"Las regalías van de cero dolares a 5 y hasta 10 porciento de lo recibido. El " -"valor para el autor es la exposición que les trae; cuando su libro es leido, " -"incrementa su reputación. El acceso abierto a través del desbloqueo genera " -"muchas más descargas y por lo tanto su percepción. (En el sitio web de " -"Knowledge Unlatched, puede encontrar entrevistas con los veintiocho autores " -"de la primera ronda describiendo su experiencia y los beneficios de tomar " -"parte de ello.)5" +"Las regalías van de cero dolares a 5 y hasta 10 por ciento de lo recibido. " +"El valor para el autor es la exposición que les trae; cuando su libro es " +"leído, incrementa su reputación. El acceso abierto a través del desbloqueo " +"genera muchas más descargas y por lo tanto su percepción. (En el sitio web " +"de Knowledge Unlatched, puede encontrar entrevistas con los veintiocho " +"autores de la primera ronda describiendo su experiencia y los beneficios de " +"tomar parte de ello.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -11224,15 +12089,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacen, lo compran de manera separada de la versión digital." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5354 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. " -#| "Many of the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the " -#| "monograph anyway, but instead of paying \\$95 for a print copy or \\$150 " -#| "for a digital multiple-use copy, they pay \\$50 to unlatch. It costs them " -#| "less, and it opens the book to not just the participating libraries, but " -#| "to the world." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -11242,13 +12099,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Knowledge Unlatched da un argumento económico convincente a las bibliotecas. " "Muchas de las bibliotecas participantes habrían comprado una copia de la " -"monografía de todas maneras, pero en vez de pagar \\$95 por una copia " -"impresa o \\$150 por una copia digital multi-uso, pagan \\$50 por " +"monografía de todas maneras, pero en vez de pagar $95 por una copia impresa " +"o $150 por una copia digital que permita múltiples usos, pagan $50 por " "desbloquearla. Les cuesta menos, y abre el libro no únicamente a las " "bibliotecas participantes, sino al mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " +#| "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they " +#| "would have in the closed model, and the open-access book is available to " +#| "all libraries. While this means nonparticipating libraries could be seen " +#| "as free riders, in the library world, wealthy libraries are used to " +#| "paying more than poor libraries and accept that part of their money " +#| "should be spent to support open access. “Free ride” is more like " +#| "community responsibility. By the end of March 2016, the round-one books " +#| "had been downloaded nearly eighty thousand times in 175 countries." msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -11256,9 +12124,9 @@ msgid "" "libraries. While this means nonparticipating libraries could be seen as free " "riders, in the library world, wealthy libraries are used to paying more than " "poor libraries and accept that part of their money should be spent to " -"support open access. “Free ride” is more like community responsibility. By " -"the end of March 2016, the round-one books had been downloaded nearly eighty " -"thousand times in 175 countries." +"support open access. <quote>Free ride</quote> is more like community " +"responsibility. By the end of March 2016, the round-one books had been " +"downloaded nearly eighty thousand times in 175 countries." msgstr "" "No solamente tiene sentido en lo económico, pero hay un fuerte alineamiento " "con los mandatos de las biblilotecas. Las bibliotecas participantes pagan " @@ -11273,7 +12141,7 @@ msgstr "" "descargados cerca de ochenta mil veces en 175 países." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." @@ -11282,7 +12150,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unlatched para monografías es un ganar-ganar-ganar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -11305,7 +12173,7 @@ msgstr "" "y libros antiguos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5389 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -11326,12 +12194,12 @@ msgstr "" "al pasado pero moviendose al futuro, una evolución en vez de una revolución." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "Lumen Learning" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." @@ -11341,44 +12209,65 @@ msgstr "" "los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5411 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, grant funding" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" -msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: cargos por servicios personalizados, subsidios" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: cargos por " +"servicios personalizados, subsidios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: December 21, 2015" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 21 de diciembre, 2015" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 21 de " +"diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5417 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewees: David Wiley and Kim Thanos, cofounders" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" -msgstr "Entrevistado: David Wiley y Kim Thanos, cofundadores" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistados</emphasis>: David Wiley y Kim " +"Thanos, cofundadores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425 -msgid "" -"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" +#| "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to " +#| "improving student success, bringing new ideas to pedagogy, and making " +#| "education more affordable by facilitating adoption of open educational " +#| "resources. In 2012, David and Kim partnered on a grant-funded project " +#| "called the Kaleidoscope Open Course Initiative.<placeholder type=" +#| "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It involved a set of fully open general-education " +#| "courses across eight colleges predominantly serving at-risk students, " +#| "with goals to dramatically reduce textbook costs and collaborate to " +#| "improve the courses to help students succeed. David and Kim exceeded " +#| "those goals: the cost of the required textbooks, replaced with OER, " +#| "decreased to zero dollars, and average student-success rates improved by " +#| "5 to 10 percent when compared with previous years. After a second round " +#| "of funding, a total of more than twenty-five institutions participated in " +#| "and benefited from this project. It was career changing for David and Kim " +#| "to see the impact this initiative had on low-income students. David and " +#| "Kim sought further funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, " +#| "who asked them to define a plan to scale their work in a financially " +#| "sustainable way. That is when they decided to create Lumen Learning." +msgid "" +"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " "student success, bringing new ideas to pedagogy, and making education more " "affordable by facilitating adoption of open educational resources. In 2012, " @@ -11403,25 +12292,26 @@ msgstr "" "mejorar el exito de los estudiantes, aportando nuevas ideas a la pedagogía, " "y haciendo a la educación más asequible al facilitar la adopción de recursos " "educativos abiertos. En 2012, David y Kim se asociaron en un proyecto " -"subsidiado llamado la Kaleidoscope Open Course Initiative.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Involucraba un " -"conjunto de cursos de educación general totalmente abiertos por medio de " -"ocho colegios que predominanatemente daban servicio a estudiantes en riesgo, " -"con objetivos para reducir dramáticamente el costo de los libros de texto y " -"colaborar para mejorar los cursos para ayudar a los estudiantes triunfar. " -"David y Kim superaron esas metas: el costo de los libros de texto " -"requeridos, remplazados con OER, decrementados hasta cero dolares, y el " -"promedio de la tasa estudiante-exito mejoró por 5 a 10 porciento cuando se " -"le comparaba por los años anteriores. Después de una segunda ronda de " -"financiamiento, un total de más de veinticinco instituciones participaron y " -"se beneficiaron de este proyecto. Para David y Kim esto cambió sus carreras " -"al ver el impacto que esta iniciativa tuvo en los estudiantes de bajos " -"ingresos. David y Kim más adelante buscaron financiamiento de la fundación " -"Bill and Melinda Gates, quienes les pidieron que definieran un plan para " -"expandir su trabajo en una manera financieramente sostenible. Es entonces " -"cuando deciden crear Lumen Learning." - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5448 +"subsidiado llamado la Kaleidoscope Open Course Initiative.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Involucraba un conjunto de cursos de educación " +"general totalmente abiertos por medio de ocho colegios que " +"predominanatemente daban servicio a estudiantes en riesgo, con objetivos " +"para reducir dramáticamente el costo de los libros de texto y colaborar para " +"mejorar los cursos para ayudar a los estudiantes triunfar. David y Kim " +"superaron esas metas: el costo de los libros de texto requeridos, " +"remplazados con OER, decrementados hasta cero dolares, y el promedio de la " +"tasa estudiante-exito mejoró por 5 a 10 porciento cuando se le comparaba por " +"los años anteriores. Después de una segunda ronda de financiamiento, un " +"total de más de veinticinco instituciones participaron y se beneficiaron de " +"este proyecto. Para David y Kim esto cambió sus carreras al ver el impacto " +"que esta iniciativa tuvo en los estudiantes de bajos ingresos. David y Kim " +"más adelante buscaron financiamiento de la fundación Bill and Melinda Gates, " +"quienes les pidieron que definieran un plan para expandir su trabajo en una " +"manera financieramente sostenible. Es entonces cuando deciden crear Lumen " +"Learning." + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -11441,7 +12331,7 @@ msgstr "" "usualmente no hay mucha flexibilidad para hacerlo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -11459,7 +12349,7 @@ msgstr "" "sustentabilidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -11475,7 +12365,7 @@ msgstr "" "reorientación por otros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -11502,13 +12392,13 @@ msgstr "" "—" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5491 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" "remplazar libros de texto costosos en cursos de gran matrícula con OER;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" @@ -11518,7 +12408,7 @@ msgstr "" "sistema de gestión de aprendizaje de la institución;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" @@ -11527,7 +12417,7 @@ msgstr "" "de aprobación, persistencia, y finalización de curso; y" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." @@ -11536,7 +12426,7 @@ msgstr "" "la investigación del éxito de los estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -11551,7 +12441,7 @@ msgstr "" "siguiendo los terminos de las licencias Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -11566,7 +12456,7 @@ msgstr "" "dolares por estudiante suscrito para la institución." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -11581,7 +12471,7 @@ msgstr "" "matriculado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -11599,7 +12489,7 @@ msgstr "" "costosos con OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -11631,7 +12521,7 @@ msgstr "" "abierto, ha generado un inmenso bienestar en la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -11653,7 +12543,7 @@ msgstr "" "aprendizaje, que las facultades revisan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -11676,7 +12566,7 @@ msgstr "" "da una licencia Attribution (CC BY)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -11692,7 +12582,7 @@ msgstr "" "mezclan diferentes OER juntos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -11713,7 +12603,7 @@ msgstr "" "se muestren al final de cada página." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -11730,7 +12620,7 @@ msgstr "" "equipo de ventas de Lumen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -11754,7 +12644,7 @@ msgstr "" "a los que tendrían impacto en el mayor número de estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -11773,7 +12663,7 @@ msgstr "" "que logren las metas de la institución, mientras Lumen se conserva prospera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -11792,7 +12682,7 @@ msgstr "" "la comunidad abierta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -11809,7 +12699,7 @@ msgstr "" "sea justa o que den de regreso algo que sea generoso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -11830,7 +12720,7 @@ msgstr "" "evolución y la mejora de los OER que estén usando." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -11847,7 +12737,7 @@ msgstr "" "sostenible y se esfuerza por un balance correcto de todos estos factores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -11860,7 +12750,7 @@ msgstr "" "que sea entendible y repetible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -11882,7 +12772,7 @@ msgstr "" "el futuro, su estrategia es reemplazar el financiamiento con ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -11901,21 +12791,25 @@ msgstr "" "que sostienes, y no alejarse de eso. Ciertamente es acerca de la confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "Jonathan Mann" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5708 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " +#| "“Song A Day” guy. Based in the U.S." msgid "" -"Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the “Song " -"A Day” guy. Based in the U.S." +"Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " +"<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" "Jonathan Mann es un cantante y escritor de canciones quien es más conocido " "como el tipo de “Song A Day”. Vive en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" @@ -11924,53 +12818,61 @@ msgstr "" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5714 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Revenue model: charging for custom services, pay-what-you-want, " -#| "crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for in-person version " -#| "(speaking engagements and musical performances)" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " "in-person version (speaking engagements and musical performances)" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ingresos: cargos for servicio personalizado, paga-lo-que-quieras, " -"financiamiento comunitario (basado en subscripción), cargos por versión en-" -"persona (compromisos y presentaciones musicales)" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: cargos por servicio " +"personalizado, paga-lo-que-quieras, financiamiento comunitario (basado en " +"subscripción), cargos por versión en-persona (compromisos y presentaciones " +"musicales)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5719 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: February 22, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 22 de febrero, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 22 de febrero, " +"2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727 -msgid "" -"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as “hustling”—seizing nearly " -"every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income comes from " -"writing songs under commission for people and companies, but he has a wide " -"variety of income sources. He has supporters on the crowdfunding site " -"Patreon. He gets advertising revenue from YouTube and Bandcamp, where he " -"posts all of his music. He gives paid speaking engagements about creativity " -"and motivation. He has been hired by major conferences to write songs " -"summarizing what speakers have said in the conference sessions." -msgstr "" -"Jonathan Mann piensa en su modelo de negocios como “hustling”[1]—tomar casi " -"cualquier oportunidad que veas para hacer dinero. La mayor parte de sus " -"ingresos vienen de escribir canciones bajo comisión para personas y " -"compañías, pero el tiene una amplia variedad de fuentes de ingreso. El tiene " -"patrocinadores en el sitio de financiamiento comunitario Patreon. El obtiene " -"regalías de la publicidad de YouTube y Bandcamp, donde el publica toda su " -"música. El da conferencias pagadas acerca de creatividad y motivaciónales. " -"Ha sido contratado por conferencias importantes para escribir canciones que " -"resuman lo que el conferencista comentó en las sesiones de la conferencia.\n" -"[1] en México lo más parecido sería “milusos”" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as “hustling”—seizing nearly " +#| "every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income comes " +#| "from writing songs under commission for people and companies, but he has " +#| "a wide variety of income sources. He has supporters on the crowdfunding " +#| "site Patreon. He gets advertising revenue from YouTube and Bandcamp, " +#| "where he posts all of his music. He gives paid speaking engagements about " +#| "creativity and motivation. He has been hired by major conferences to " +#| "write songs summarizing what speakers have said in the conference " +#| "sessions." +msgid "" +"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" +"seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " +"income comes from writing songs under commission for people and companies, " +"but he has a wide variety of income sources. He has supporters on the " +"crowdfunding site Patreon. He gets advertising revenue from YouTube and " +"Bandcamp, where he posts all of his music. He gives paid speaking " +"engagements about creativity and motivation. He has been hired by major " +"conferences to write songs summarizing what speakers have said in the " +"conference sessions." +msgstr "" +"Jonathan Mann piensa en su modelo de negocios como “diversificación”—" +"aprovechar casi cualquier oportunidad que vea para hacer dinero. La mayor " +"parte de sus ingresos vienen de escribir canciones por encargo para personas " +"y compañías, pero el tiene una amplia variedad de fuentes de ingreso. El " +"tiene patrocinadores en el sitio de financiamiento comunitario Patreon. " +"Obtiene regalías de la publicidad de YouTube y Bandcamp, donde el publica " +"toda su música. Da conferencias pagadas acerca de creatividad y " +"motivaciónales. Ha sido contratado por conferencias importantes para " +"escribir canciones que resuman lo que el conferencista comentó en las " +"sesiones de la conferencia." + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -11981,24 +12883,28 @@ msgid "" "conference. The song then went viral, and the experience landed him in Time " "magazine." msgstr "" -"Su espiritu emprendedor está acompañado de la volunta para tomar acción " +"Su espiritu emprendedor está acompañado de la voluntad para entrar en acción " "rápidamente. La perfecta ilustración de su habilidad de actuar rápidamente " "ocurrió en 2010, cuando leyó que Apple estaba teniendo una conferencia al " -"dia siguiente relatado a un snafu[2] referente al iPhone 4. Decidió escribir " -"y publicar una canción acerca del iPhone 4 ese dia, y al dia siguiente " -"recibió una llamada de la gente de relaciones públicas de Apple queriendo " -"usar y promocionar el video en la conferencia de Apple. La canción se volvió " -"viral, y la experiencia lo llevó a la revista Time magazine.\n" -"\n" -"[2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNAFU" +"dia siguiente para abordar un problema grave referente al iPhone 4. Decidió " +"escribir y publicar una canción acerca del iPhone 4 ese dia, y al dia " +"siguiente recibió una llamada de la gente de relaciones públicas de Apple " +"queriendo usar y promocionar el video en la conferencia de Apple. La canción " +"se volvió viral, y la experiencia lo llevó a la revista Time magazine." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Jonathan’s successful “hustling” is also about old-fashioned persistence. " +#| "He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song each day. " +#| "He holds the Guinness World Record for consecutive daily songwriting, and " +#| "he is widely known as the “song-a-day guy.”" msgid "" -"Jonathan’s successful “hustling” is also about old-fashioned persistence. He " -"is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song each day. He " -"holds the Guinness World Record for consecutive daily songwriting, and he is " -"widely known as the “song-a-day guy.”" +"Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " +"persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " +"each day. He holds the Guinness World Record for consecutive daily " +"songwriting, and he is widely known as the <quote>song-a-day guy.</quote>" msgstr "" "El exitoso “hustling” de Jonathan es también acerca de la persistencia de la " "vieja escuela. Actualmente él está su octavo año consecutivo de escribir " @@ -12007,7 +12913,7 @@ msgstr "" "“una-canción-al-dia.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -12026,7 +12932,7 @@ msgstr "" "más de mirar videos enlinea que simplemente escuchar archivos de audio." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -12057,7 +12963,7 @@ msgstr "" "la canción por él." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -12066,51 +12972,59 @@ msgid "" "more eyeballs and mean that there were more people wanting him to write " "songs for them. Today he earns most of his money this way." msgstr "" -"Durante el tiempop, el gig[3] de una canción-por-dia se volvió la base de su " -"forma de vida. Al principio, el ganaba dinero de alguna de dos formas. La " -"primer manera era entrar en una amplia variedad de concursos y ganar " -"basstantes. La segunda manera era al tener ocasionalmente una canción y " -"video que se volviera viral en algún grado, el cuál traería mas ojos y " -"significaría que habría más gente queriendo que él escriba canciones para " -"ellos. Actualmente el gana la mayoría de su dinero de esta manera.\n" -"\n" -"[3] gig slang (job) (es, eslang ) curro (mx eslang) chamba (ar eslang) " -"laburo" +"Con el paso del tiempo, la <emphasis>chamba</emphasis> (N. del T.: De " +"<emphasis>gig</emphasis>, slang; chamba (mex), curro (es), laburo (ar)) de " +"una canción-por-dia se volvió la base de su forma de vida. Al principio, el " +"ganaba dinero de alguna de las siguientes dos formas. La primera era entrar " +"en una amplia variedad de concursos y ganar algunos. La segunda manera era " +"hacer ocasionalmente una canción y video que se volviera viral a algún " +"grado, lo cuál traería mas ojos y significaría que habría más gente " +"queriendo que él escriba canciones para ellos. Actualmente él gana la " +"mayoría de su dinero de esta manera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super " #| "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " -#| "heartfelt, fun and quirky song.” He charges \\$500 to create a produced " -#| "song and \\$300 for an acoustic song. He has been hired for product " +#| "heartfelt, fun and quirky song.” He charges $500 to create a produced " +#| "song and $300 for an acoustic song. He has been hired for product " #| "launches, weddings, conferences, and even Kickstarter campaigns like the " #| "one that funded the production of this book." msgid "" -"His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super simple " -"to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a heartfelt, " -"fun and quirky song.” He charges $500 to create a produced song and $300 for " -"an acoustic song. He has been hired for product launches, weddings, " -"conferences, and even Kickstarter campaigns like the one that funded the " -"production of this book." +"His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " +"simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " +"heartfelt, fun and quirky song.</quote> He charges $500 to create a produced " +"song and $300 for an acoustic song. He has been hired for product launches, " +"weddings, conferences, and even Kickstarter campaigns like the one that " +"funded the production of this book." msgstr "" "Su sitio web explica su trabajo como “tomar cualquier mensaje, desde el " "super simple hasta el totalmente complicado, y transportar ese mensaje a " -"través de toque al corazón, en una canción divertida y peculiar.” El cobra \\" -"$500 por crear una canción con producción y \\$300 por una canción acústica. " +"través de una canción divertida y peculiar, que llegue al corazón.” Él cobra " +"$500 por crear una canción con producción, y $300 por una canción acústica. " "Ha sido contratado para lanzamiento de productos, bodas, conferencias, e " "incluso campañas de Kickstarter como aquella que financió la producción de " "este libro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative " +#| "Commons, but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as " +#| "soon as he discovered the option. “CC seems like such a no-brainer,” " +#| "Jonathan said. “I don’t understand how anything else would make sense. It " +#| "seems like such an obvious thing that you would want your work to be able " +#| "to be shared.”" msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " -"discovered the option. “CC seems like such a no-brainer,” Jonathan said. “I " -"don’t understand how anything else would make sense. It seems like such an " -"obvious thing that you would want your work to be able to be shared.”" +"discovered the option. <quote>CC seems like such a no-brainer,</quote> " +"Jonathan said. <quote>I don’t understand how anything else would make sense. " +"It seems like such an obvious thing that you would want your work to be able " +"to be shared.</quote>" msgstr "" "Jonathan no puede recordan cuando exactamente aprendio por primera vez " "acerca de Creative Commons, pero comenzó a aplicar licencias CC a sus " @@ -12120,15 +13034,24 @@ msgstr "" "pudiera ser compartido.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " +#| "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " +#| "wheels, letting people know that Jonathan allows and encourages them to " +#| "copy, interact with, and remix his music. “If you let someone cover your " +#| "song or remix it or use parts of it, that’s how music is supposed to " +#| "work,” Jonathan said. “That is how music has worked since the beginning " +#| "of time. Our me-me, mine-mine culture has undermined that.”" msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " "wheels, letting people know that Jonathan allows and encourages them to " -"copy, interact with, and remix his music. “If you let someone cover your " -"song or remix it or use parts of it, that’s how music is supposed to work,” " -"Jonathan said. “That is how music has worked since the beginning of time. " -"Our me-me, mine-mine culture has undermined that.”" +"copy, interact with, and remix his music. <quote>If you let someone cover " +"your song or remix it or use parts of it, that’s how music is supposed to " +"work,</quote> Jonathan said. <quote>That is how music has worked since the " +"beginning of time. Our me-me, mine-mine culture has undermined that.</quote>" msgstr "" "Sus canciones son esencialmente marketing para sus servicios, entonces " "obviamente entre más lejos se distribuyan sus canciones, será mejor. Usar " @@ -12140,13 +13063,20 @@ msgstr "" "principio del tiempo. Nuestro yo-yo, mio-mio cultural ha socavado eso.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " +#| "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do " +#| "to build community. “There is all of this conventional wisdom about how " +#| "to build an audience online, and I generally think I don’t do any of " +#| "that,” Jonathan said." msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " -"build community. “There is all of this conventional wisdom about how to " -"build an audience online, and I generally think I don’t do any of that,” " -"Jonathan said." +"build community. <quote>There is all of this conventional wisdom about how " +"to build an audience online, and I generally think I don’t do any of that,</" +"quote> Jonathan said." msgstr "" "Hay perosnas que versionan sus canciones muy regularmente, y él nunca " "terminaría con ello. Pero el concuerda que hay mucho más que podría hacer " @@ -12155,15 +13085,24 @@ msgstr "" "hago nada de eso,” comentó Jonathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5825 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " +#| "major focus. “I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " +#| "really long time, some even longer than I’ve been doing song-a-day,” he " +#| "said. “There is also a transitional aspect that drop in and get what they " +#| "need and then move on.” Focusing less on community building than other " +#| "artists makes sense given Jonathan’s primary income source of writing " +#| "custom songs for clients." msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " -"major focus. “I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a really " -"long time, some even longer than I’ve been doing song-a-day,” he said. " -"“There is also a transitional aspect that drop in and get what they need and " -"then move on.” Focusing less on community building than other artists makes " -"sense given Jonathan’s primary income source of writing custom songs for " -"clients." +"major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " +"really long time, some even longer than I’ve been doing song-a-day,</quote> " +"he said. <quote>There is also a transitional aspect that drop in and get " +"what they need and then move on.</quote> Focusing less on community building " +"than other artists makes sense given Jonathan’s primary income source of " +"writing custom songs for clients." msgstr "" "El tiene una comunidad de fans que cultiva en Bandcamp, pero no es su mayor " "preocupación. “Sí tengo una audiencia primaria que ha estado por un tiempo " @@ -12175,16 +13114,28 @@ msgstr "" "personalizadas a sus clientes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those " +#| "skills. Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a " +#| "gift for distilling complicated subjects into simple concepts and putting " +#| "them to music. In his song “How to Choose a Master Password,” Jonathan " +#| "explained the process of creating a secure password in a silly, simple " +#| "song. He was hired to write the song by a client who handed him a long " +#| "technical blog post from which to draw the information. Like a good (and " +#| "rare) journalist, he translated the technical concepts into something " +#| "understandable." msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " "distilling complicated subjects into simple concepts and putting them to " -"music. In his song “How to Choose a Master Password,” Jonathan explained the " -"process of creating a secure password in a silly, simple song. He was hired " -"to write the song by a client who handed him a long technical blog post from " -"which to draw the information. Like a good (and rare) journalist, he " -"translated the technical concepts into something understandable." +"music. In his song <quote>How to Choose a Master Password,</quote> Jonathan " +"explained the process of creating a secure password in a silly, simple song. " +"He was hired to write the song by a client who handed him a long technical " +"blog post from which to draw the information. Like a good (and rare) " +"journalist, he translated the technical concepts into something " +"understandable." msgstr "" "Jonathan reconoce lo que le viene naturalmente y aprovecha esas " "habilidades.\n" @@ -12198,7 +13149,21 @@ msgstr "" "conceptos técnicos en algo entendible." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send " +#| "a list of talking points and other information they want to include in " +#| "the song. He puts all of that into a text file and starts moving things " +#| "around, cutting and pasting until the message starts to come together. " +#| "The first thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the " +#| "chorus. Then he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The " +#| "entire process really does resemble good journalism, but of course the " +#| "final product of his work is a song rather than news. “There is something " +#| "about being challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem " +#| "like it should be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a " +#| "song,” he said. “I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I " +#| "enjoy getting lost in that process.”" msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -12207,10 +13172,11 @@ msgid "" "thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then " "he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process " "really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his " -"work is a song rather than news. “There is something about being challenged " -"and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should be sung " -"about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,” he said. “I find that " -"creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that process.”" +"work is a song rather than news. <quote>There is something about being " +"challenged and forced to take information that doesn’t seem like it should " +"be sung about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,</quote> he " +"said. <quote>I find that creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy " +"getting lost in that process.</quote>" msgstr "" "Cuando es contratado por un cliente para componer una canción, lo primero " "que les solicita es enviar una lista de los puntos de discusión y otra " @@ -12227,7 +13193,7 @@ msgstr "" "perderme en el proceso. ”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -12241,17 +13207,28 @@ msgstr "" "mismo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but " +#| "he does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " +#| "fundamentally does not believe in, and there are times he has turned down " +#| "jobs on principle. He also won’t stray too much from his natural style. " +#| "“My style is silly, so I can’t really accommodate people who want " +#| "something super serious,” Jonathan said. “I do what I do very easily, and " +#| "it’s part of who I am.” Jonathan hasn’t gotten into writing commercials " +#| "for the same reasons; he is best at using his own unique style rather " +#| "than mimicking others." msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " "fundamentally does not believe in, and there are times he has turned down " -"jobs on principle. He also won’t stray too much from his natural style. “My " -"style is silly, so I can’t really accommodate people who want something " -"super serious,” Jonathan said. “I do what I do very easily, and it’s part of " -"who I am.” Jonathan hasn’t gotten into writing commercials for the same " -"reasons; he is best at using his own unique style rather than mimicking " -"others." +"jobs on principle. He also won’t stray too much from his natural style. " +"<quote>My style is silly, so I can’t really accommodate people who want " +"something super serious,</quote> Jonathan said. <quote>I do what I do very " +"easily, and it’s part of who I am.</quote> Jonathan hasn’t gotten into " +"writing commercials for the same reasons; he is best at using his own unique " +"style rather than mimicking others." msgstr "" "Jonathan usa casi cualquier herramienta posible para hacer dinero de su " "arte, pero el tiene límites que no quiere cruzar. No escribiria canciones " @@ -12264,7 +13241,7 @@ msgstr "" "propio estilo único en vez de imitar a otros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -12282,7 +13259,7 @@ msgstr "" "encarnación viviente de estos principios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -12297,7 +13274,7 @@ msgstr "" "la canción de mañana puede que sea mejor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -12313,23 +13290,28 @@ msgstr "" "que nunca se siente verdaderamente exitoso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“Success feels like it’s over,” he said. “To a certain extent, a creative " +#| "person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied because then so " +#| "much of what drives you would be gone.”" msgid "" -"“Success feels like it’s over,” he said. “To a certain extent, a creative " -"person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied because then so much " -"of what drives you would be gone.”" +"<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " +"extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " +"because then so much of what drives you would be gone.</quote>" msgstr "" "“El exito se siente como que se ha terminado,” comentó. \"En cierta medida, " "una persona creativa nunca se sentirá completamente satisfecha porque " "entonces mucho de lo que los impulsa se iría.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "Noun Project" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5914 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -12340,39 +13322,35 @@ msgstr "" "2010 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5921 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee, charging for custom services" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ingresos: cargos de couta por transacción, cargos por servicios " -"personalizados" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: cargos de cuota por " +"transacción, cargos por servicios personalizados" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5924 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: October 6, 2015" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 6 de octubre, 2015" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 6 de octubre, " +"2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5927 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: Edward Boatman, cofounder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" -msgstr "Entrevistado: Edward Boatman, cofundador" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -12383,7 +13361,7 @@ msgstr "" "las fronteras, lenguajes, y culturas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -12400,7 +13378,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el planeta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -12416,7 +13394,7 @@ msgstr "" "similarers." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -12432,7 +13410,7 @@ msgstr "" "voluntarios alrededor del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" @@ -12441,16 +13419,7 @@ msgstr "" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a " -#| "huge catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and " -#| "Sofya launched the Noun Project with a Kickstarter campaign, back when " -#| "Kickstarter was in its infancy.1 They thought it’d be a good way to " -#| "introduce the global web community to their idea. Their goal was to raise " -#| "\\$1,500, but in twenty days they got over \\$14,000. They realized their " -#| "idea had the potential to be something much bigger." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -12460,22 +13429,30 @@ msgid "" "Their goal was to raise $1,500, but in twenty days they got over $14,000. " "They realized their idea had the potential to be something much bigger." msgstr "" -"Entonces Edward fue despedido durante la recesión, lo cuál mostró ser un " +"Entonces, Edward fue despedido durante la recesión, lo cuál mostró ser un " "gran catalizador. Decidió darle a su idea una oportunidad, y en 2010 Edward " "y Sofya lanzaron el Noun Project con una campaña en Kickstarter, cuando " -"Kickstarter estaba en su infancia.1 Pensaron que sería una buen medio de " -"introducir a la comunidad global de la web a su idea. Su meta fue recolectar " -"\\$1,500 pero en veinte dias obtuvieron más de \\$14,000. Se dieron cuenta " -"de que su idea tenía el potencial para ser algo más grande." +"Kickstarter estaba en su infancia.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " +"Pensaron que sería una buen medio de introducir a la comunidad global de la " +"web a su idea. Su meta fue recolectar $1,500 pero en veinte dias obtuvieron " +"más de $14,000. Se dieron cuenta de que su idea tenía el potencial para ser " +"algo más grande." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " +#| "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " +#| "process he describes as a relatively easy sell. Lots of designers have " +#| "old drawings just gathering “digital dust” on their hard drives. It’s " +#| "easy to convince them to finally share them with the world." msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " "process he describes as a relatively easy sell. Lots of designers have old " -"drawings just gathering “digital dust” on their hard drives. It’s easy to " -"convince them to finally share them with the world." +"drawings just gathering <quote>digital dust</quote> on their hard drives. " +"It’s easy to convince them to finally share them with the world." msgstr "" "Crearon una plataforma donde los símbolos e iconos podían subirse, y Edward " "comenzó a reclutar diseñadores talentosos para contribuir con sus diseños, " @@ -12484,7 +13461,7 @@ msgstr "" "duros. Es fácil convencerlos de compartirlos finalmente con el mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -12502,7 +13479,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseñadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -12515,7 +13492,7 @@ msgstr "" "construir un modelo de negocios alrededor del contenido libre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -12541,7 +13518,17 @@ msgstr "" "créditos, pueden usar la CC0 para poner el trabajo en el dominio público." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have " +#| "evolved significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts " +#| "with the icons on it, which in retrospect Edward says was a horrible " +#| "idea. They did get a lot of email from people saying they loved the icons " +#| "but asking if they could pay a fee instead of giving attribution. Ad " +#| "agencies (among others) wanted to keep marketing and presentation " +#| "materials clean and free of attribution statements. For Edward, “That’s " +#| "when our lightbulb went off.”" msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -12549,7 +13536,8 @@ msgid "" "get a lot of email from people saying they loved the icons but asking if " "they could pay a fee instead of giving attribution. Ad agencies (among " "others) wanted to keep marketing and presentation materials clean and free " -"of attribution statements. For Edward, “That’s when our lightbulb went off.”" +"of attribution statements. For Edward, <quote>That’s when our lightbulb went " +"off.</quote>" msgstr "" "El modelo de negocios del Noun Project y los medios para generar ingresos " "han evolucionado significativamente a través del tiempo. Su plan inicial fue " @@ -12562,7 +13550,7 @@ msgstr "" "ideas.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -12577,20 +13565,7 @@ msgstr "" "muy exitante para muchos diseñadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6028 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without " -#| "giving attribution would cost \\$1.99 per icon. The model’s second " -#| "iteration added a subscription component, where there would be a monthly " -#| "fee to access a certain number of icons—ten, fifty, a hundred, or five " -#| "hundred. However, users didn’t like these hard-count options. They " -#| "preferred to try out many similar icons to see which worked best before " -#| "eventually choosing the one they wanted to use. So the Noun Project moved " -#| "to an unlimited model, whereby users have unlimited access to the whole " -#| "library for a flat monthly fee. This service is called NounPro and costs " -#| "\\$9.99 per month. Edward says this model is working well—good for " -#| "customers, good for creators, and good for the platform." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -12604,21 +13579,33 @@ msgid "" "model is working well—good for customers, good for creators, and good for " "the platform." msgstr "" -"El Noun Project en un principio adoptó un modelo donde usar un ícono sin dar " -"créditos costaría \\$1.99 por ícono. La segunda iteración del modelo agregó " -"un componente de subscripción, donde habría una cuota mensual para acceder a " -"cierto número de íconos—diez, cincuenta, un ciento, o quinientos. Sin " -"embargo, a los usuarios no les gustó estas opciones rígidas. Preferían " -"intentar muchos íconos similares para ver cual les funcionaba mejor antes de " -"eventualmente escoger aquella que quisieran usar. Entonces el Noun Project " -"se movió a un modelo ilimitado, por lo cual los usuarios tienen acceso " -"ilimitado a la biblioteca completa por una simple cuota mensual. Este " -"servicio es llamado NounPro y cuesta \\$9.99 por mes. Edward comenta que " -"este modelo esta trabajando bien—bueno para los usuarios, bueno para los " +"El Noun Project en un principio adoptó un modelo donde usar un icono sin dar " +"créditos costaría $1.99 por icono. La segunda iteración del modelo agregó un " +"componente de subscripción, donde habría una cuota mensual para acceder a " +"cierto número de iconos — diez, cincuenta, un ciento, o quinientos. Sin " +"embargo, a los usuarios no les gustaron estas opciones tan rígidas. " +"Preferían evaluar muchos iconos similares para ver cual les funcionaba mejor " +"antes de eventualmente escoger aquella que quisieran usar. Entonces el Noun " +"Project se movió a un modelo ilimitado, por lo cual los usuarios tienen " +"acceso ilimitado a la biblioteca completa por una simple cuota mensual. Este " +"servicio es llamado NounPro y cuesta $9.99 por mes. Edward comenta que este " +"modelo esta trabajando bien—bueno para los usuarios, bueno para los " "creadores, y bueno para la plataforma." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface " +#| "(API), which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly " +#| "accessed from within other applications. Edward knew that the icons and " +#| "symbols would be valuable in a lot of different contexts and that they " +#| "couldn’t possibly know all of them in advance, so they built an API with " +#| "a lot of flexibility. Knowing that most API applications would want to " +#| "use the icons without giving attribution, the API was built with the aim " +#| "of charging for its use. You can use what’s called the “Playground API” " +#| "for free to test how it integrates with your application, but full " +#| "implementation will require you to purchase the API Pro version." msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -12627,9 +13614,9 @@ msgid "" "know all of them in advance, so they built an API with a lot of " "flexibility. Knowing that most API applications would want to use the icons " "without giving attribution, the API was built with the aim of charging for " -"its use. You can use what’s called the “Playground API” for free to test how " -"it integrates with your application, but full implementation will require " -"you to purchase the API Pro version." +"its use. You can use what’s called the <quote>Playground API</quote> for " +"free to test how it integrates with your application, but full " +"implementation will require you to purchase the API Pro version." msgstr "" "Los clientes comenzaron a solicitar una API (application-programming " "interface), la cual permitiría a los íconos y símbolos del Noun Project ser " @@ -12644,7 +13631,7 @@ msgstr "" "versión API Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6056 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -12655,17 +13642,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseñador y 30 porciento para Noun Project." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6061 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " -#| "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue " -#| "from subscriptions is divided by Noun Project’s total number of " -#| "downloads, resulting in a rate per download—for example, it could be \\" -#| "$0.13 per download for that month. For each download, the revenue is " -#| "split 40 percent to the designer and 60 percent to the Noun Project. " -#| "(For API usage, it’s per use instead of per download.) Noun Project’s " -#| "share is higher this time as it’s providing more service to the user." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -12680,21 +13657,22 @@ msgstr "" "API ) se dividen de una manera diferente. Al final de cada mes, el total de " "los ingresos por subscripciones es dividido por el cantidad total de " "descargas en Noun Project, resultando en una tasa por descarga—por ejemplo, " -"puede ser \\$0.13 por descarga para ese mes. Por cada descarga, las " -"ganancias se dividen en 40 porciento para el diseñador y 60 porciento para " -"el Noun Project. (Para el uso de la API, es por uso en vez de por descarga.) " -"Lo compartido por Noun Project es mayor actualmente porque está " -"proporcionando más servicios al usuario." +"puede ser $0.13 por descarga para ese mes. Por cada descarga, las ganancias " +"se dividen en 40 por ciento para el diseñador y 60 por ciento para el Noun " +"Project. (Para el uso de la API, es por uso en vez de por descarga.) Lo " +"compartido por Noun Project es mayor actualmente porque está proporcionando " +"más servicios al usuario." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6072 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -12702,11 +13680,12 @@ msgid "" "priority." msgstr "" "El Noun Project intenta ser completamente transparente acerca de su " -"estructura de regalias.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Tienden a sobre-comunicarse con los creadores " -"acerca de eso porque construir confianza es la principal prioridad." +"estructura de regalias.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Tienden a " +"sobre-comunicarse con los creadores acerca de eso porque construir confianza " +"es la principal prioridad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -12720,19 +13699,7 @@ msgstr "" "cuentas; y el más exitoso de todos, suficiente para pagar la renta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6084 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " -#| "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but " -#| "also their photos, illustrations, UX designs, et cetera. You simply drag " -#| "any visual item directly into Lingo to save it. Lingo also works for " -#| "teams so people can share visuals with each other and search across their " -#| "combined collections. Lingo is free for personal use. A pro version for \\" -#| "$9.99 per month lets you add guests. A team version for \\$49.95 per " -#| "month allows up to twenty-five team members to collaborate, and to view, " -#| "use, edit, and add new assets to each other’s collections. And if you " -#| "subscribe to NounPro, you can access Noun Project from within Lingo." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -12747,19 +13714,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Recientemente Noun Project lanzó una app llamada Lingo. Los diseñadores " "pueden usar Lingo para organizar no solo sus iconos y símbolos en Noun " -"Project sino también sus fotos e ilustraciones, diseños UX , et cetera. " -"Usted simplemente jala un cualquier item visual directamente dentro de Lingo " -"para salvarlo. Lingo también para los equipos de manera que las personas " +"Project sino también sus fotos e ilustraciones, diseños UX , etcétera. Usted " +"simplemente jala un cualquier elemento visual directamente dentro de Lingo " +"para guardarlo. Lingo también para los equipos de manera que las personas " "pueden compartir visuales mutuamente y buscar a través de sus colecciones " -"combinadas. Lingo es gratuito para el uso personal. Una versión pro de \\" -"$9.99 al mes le permite agregar invitados. Una versión para equipos de \\" -"$49.95 al mes permite que hasta veinticinco miembros colaboren, y que " -"observen, usen, editen, y agregen nuevos activos en las colecciones de cada " -"uno. Y si se suscriben al Noun ProjectPro, pueden acceder al mismo desde " -"Lingo." +"combinadas. Lingo es gratuito para el uso personal. Una versión pro de $9.99 " +"al mes le permite agregar invitados. Una versión para equipos de $49.95 al " +"mes permite que hasta veinticinco miembros colaboren, y que observen, usen, " +"editen, y agreguen nuevos activos en las colecciones de cada uno. Y si se " +"suscriben al Noun ProjectPro, pueden acceder al mismo desde Lingo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -12774,18 +13740,25 @@ msgstr "" "visuales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6105 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " +#| "language” is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their stated " +#| "mission. It differentiates them from others who offer graphics, icons, or " +#| "clip art." msgid "" -"For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual language” " -"is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their stated mission. It " -"differentiates them from others who offer graphics, icons, or clip art." +"For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " +"language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " +"stated mission. It differentiates them from others who offer graphics, " +"icons, or clip art." msgstr "" "Para Edward, “crear, compartir, y celebrar el lenguaje visual mundial” es el " "aspecto más importante de lo hacen ellos; es su misión declarada. Eso los " "diferencia de otros que ofrecen gráficos, iconos o imágenes predefinidas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -12803,7 +13776,7 @@ msgstr "" "contribuyentes, es importante tener una misión más allá de hacer dinero." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -12816,15 +13789,24 @@ msgstr "" "dentro con una comunidad de usuarios y fans." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127 -msgid "" -"Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community " -"around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat for you " -"when you’re getting ripped in the media. If you go down the road of choosing " -"to work with Creative Commons, you’re taking the first step to building a " -"great community and tapping into a really awesome community that comes with " -"it. But you need to continue to foster that community through other " -"initiatives and continue to nurture it.”" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community " +#| "around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat for you " +#| "when you’re getting ripped in the media. If you go down the road of " +#| "choosing to work with Creative Commons, you’re taking the first step to " +#| "building a great community and tapping into a really awesome community " +#| "that comes with it. But you need to continue to foster that community " +#| "through other initiatives and continue to nurture it.”" +msgid "" +"Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " +"community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " +"for you when you’re getting ripped in the media. If you go down the road of " +"choosing to work with Creative Commons, you’re taking the first step to " +"building a great community and tapping into a really awesome community that " +"comes with it. But you need to continue to foster that community through " +"other initiatives and continue to nurture it.</quote>" msgstr "" "Edward nos comentó, “No subestimen el poder de una comunidad apasionada " "alrededor de su producto o su negocio. Van a apoyarte cuando estes siendo " @@ -12835,7 +13817,7 @@ msgstr "" "alimentándola.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -12848,16 +13830,7 @@ msgstr "" "pueden buscar los íconos por el nombre del creador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6144 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " -#| "icons.2 In partnership with a sponsoring organization, the Noun Project " -#| "comes up with a theme (e.g., sustainable energy, food bank, guerrilla " -#| "gardening, human rights) and a list of icons that are needed, which " -#| "designers are invited to create at the event. The results are vectorized, " -#| "and added to the Noun Project using CC0 so they can be used by anyone for " -#| "free." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -12868,15 +13841,16 @@ msgid "" "so they can be used by anyone for free." msgstr "" "El Noun Project tambien construye una comunidad a través de Iconotones—" -"hackatones para íconos. En sociedad con una sociedad patrocinadora, el Noun " -"Project llega con un tema (e.g., energía sustentable, bancos de alilmentos, " -"horticultura guerrillera, derechos humanos) y una lista de iconos que son " -"necesarios, los cuales los diseñadores estan invitados a crear en el evento. " -"Los resultados son vectorizados, y agregados en el Noun Project usando la " -"CC0 de tal manera que puedan ser usados por cualquiera gratuitamente." +"hackatones para iconos.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> En sociedad " +"con una organización patrocinadora, el Noun Project llega con un tema (p. " +"ej., energía sustentable, bancos de alilmentos, horticultura guerrillera, " +"derechos humanos) y una lista de iconos que son necesarios, los cuales los " +"diseñadores están invitados a crear en el evento. Los resultados son " +"vectorizados, y agregados en el Noun Project usando la CC0 de tal manera que " +"puedan ser usados por cualquiera gratuitamente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -12896,12 +13870,12 @@ msgstr "" "esa meta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "Open Data Institute" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -12912,41 +13886,38 @@ msgstr "" "datos. Fundada en 2012 en RU." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6174 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Revenue model: grant and government funding, charging for custom " -#| "services, donations" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ingresos: financiamiento por subvenciones y gubernamental, cargos " -"por servicios personalizados, donaciones" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: financiamiento por " +"subvenciones y aportaciones gubernamentales, cargos por servicios " +"personalizados, donaciones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6177 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: November 11, 2015" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 11 de noviembre, 2015" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 11 de " +"noviembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6180 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: Jeni Tennison, technical director" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" -msgstr "Entrevistado: Jeni Tennison, director técnico" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, director " +"técnico" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -12966,7 +13937,7 @@ msgstr "" "a inovar con los datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -12991,7 +13962,7 @@ msgstr "" "permitirles entender mejor qué es lo que esta pasando alrededor de ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -13007,7 +13978,7 @@ msgstr "" "quiere —" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" @@ -13016,19 +13987,19 @@ msgstr "" "políticas de datos abiertos afectan esto;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" "desarrollar el caso del beneficio económico y el modelos de negocios para " "los datos abiertos;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "ayudar a los negocios del RU a usar los datos abiertos; y" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" @@ -13037,22 +14008,32 @@ msgstr "" "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"mostrar cómo los datos abiertos pueden mejorar los servicios públicos.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"mostrar cómo los datos abiertos pueden mejorar los servicios públicos." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " +#| "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts " +#| "it this way: “There is a whole ecosystem of open—open-source software, " +#| "open government, open-access research—and a whole ecosystem of data. " +#| "ODI’s work cuts across both, with an emphasis on where they overlap—with " +#| "open data.” ODI’s particular focus is to show open data’s potential for " +#| "revenue." msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " -"this way: “There is a whole ecosystem of open—open-source software, open " -"government, open-access research—and a whole ecosystem of data. ODI’s work " -"cuts across both, with an emphasis on where they overlap—with open data.” " -"ODI’s particular focus is to show open data’s potential for revenue." +"this way: <quote>There is a whole ecosystem of open—open-source software, " +"open government, open-access research—and a whole ecosystem of data. ODI’s " +"work cuts across both, with an emphasis on where they overlap—with open data." +"</quote> ODI’s particular focus is to show open data’s potential for revenue." msgstr "" "El ODI es muy explícito acerca de cómo quiere hacer los modelos de negocios " "abiertos, y definiendo lo que esto significa. Jeni Tennison, director " @@ -13064,14 +14045,7 @@ msgstr "" "ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6252 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " -#| "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " -#| "science and technology. For this funding, ODI has to secure matching " -#| "funds from other sources, some of which were met through a \\$4.75-" -#| "million investment from the Omidyar Network." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -13084,10 +14058,10 @@ msgstr "" "Innovate UK, una agencia que promueve la inovación en ciencia y tecnología. " "Por este financiamiento, el ODI tiene que asegurar fondos complementarios " "de otras fuentes, algunas de las cuales fueron cubiertas a través de una " -"inversión de \\$4.75 millones de la Omidyar Network." +"inversión de $4.75 millones de la Omidyar Network." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -13103,7 +14077,7 @@ msgstr "" "un staff de sesenta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -13119,7 +14093,7 @@ msgstr "" "complementarios en respuesta a las necesidades del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." @@ -13127,8 +14101,13 @@ msgstr "" "En el lado comercial, el ODI genera fondos a través de membresías, " "capacitación, y servicios de asesoría." +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345 +msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" +msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" + #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -13139,7 +14118,7 @@ msgid "" "corporations and government organizations at £2,200 a year. Commercial " "members have greater opportunities to connect and collaborate, explore the " "benefits of open data, and unlock new business opportunities. (All members " -"are listed on their website.)2" +"are listed on their website.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Usted se puede unir al ODI como individuo o miembro comercial. Las " "membresías individuales son paga-lo-que-puedas, con opciones dentro del " @@ -13151,10 +14130,24 @@ msgstr "" "organizacinoes gubernamentales a £2,200 por año. Los miembros comerciales " "tienen mayores oportunidades de conectarse y colaborar, explorarr los " "beneficios de los datos abiertos, y abrir nuevas oportunidades. (Todos " -"miembros son listados en su sitio web.)2" +"miembros son listados en su sitio web.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " +#| "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically " +#| "oriented diploma in open data, but it quickly became clear there was no " +#| "market for that. Instead, they offered a five-day-long public training " +#| "course, which has subsequently been reduced to three days; now the most " +#| "popular course is one day long. The fee, in addition to the time " +#| "commitment, can be a barrier for participation. Jeni says, “Most of the " +#| "people who would be able to pay don’t know they need it. Most who know " +#| "they need it can’t pay.” Public-sector organizations sometimes give " +#| "vouchers to their employees so they can attend as a form of professional " +#| "development." msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -13162,10 +14155,10 @@ msgid "" "that. Instead, they offered a five-day-long public training course, which " "has subsequently been reduced to three days; now the most popular course is " "one day long. The fee, in addition to the time commitment, can be a barrier " -"for participation. Jeni says, “Most of the people who would be able to pay " -"don’t know they need it. Most who know they need it can’t pay.” Public-" -"sector organizations sometimes give vouchers to their employees so they can " -"attend as a form of professional development." +"for participation. Jeni says, <quote>Most of the people who would be able to " +"pay don’t know they need it. Most who know they need it can’t pay.</quote> " +"Public-sector organizations sometimes give vouchers to their employees so " +"they can attend as a form of professional development." msgstr "" "El ODI proporciona cursos de capacitación estandarizados de datos abiertos " "en los cuales cualquiera se puede suscribir. Al comienzo la idea era ofrecer " @@ -13180,7 +14173,7 @@ msgstr "" "como una forma de desarrollo profesional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -13198,7 +14191,7 @@ msgstr "" "tiende a generar gran interés y compromiso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -13214,7 +14207,7 @@ msgstr "" "temáticas principales y más de 750 asistentes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -13232,14 +14225,14 @@ msgstr "" "organizaciones comerciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" "Del lado comercial, las siguiente proposiciones de valor parecen resonar:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -13251,7 +14244,7 @@ msgstr "" "datos también. Los datos abiertos son un tópico candente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -13266,7 +14259,7 @@ msgstr "" "autonomía organizativa." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6356 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -13280,14 +14273,23 @@ msgstr "" "y oportunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United " +#| "Kingdom. But in their first year, large delegations of government " +#| "visitors from over fifty countries wanted to learn more about the UK " +#| "government’s open-data practices and how ODI saw that translating into " +#| "economic value. They were contracted as a service provider to " +#| "international governments, which prompted a need to set up international " +#| "ODI “nodes.”" msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " "fifty countries wanted to learn more about the UK government’s open-data " "practices and how ODI saw that translating into economic value. They were " "contracted as a service provider to international governments, which " -"prompted a need to set up international ODI “nodes.”" +"prompted a need to set up international ODI <quote>nodes.</quote>" msgstr "" "Durante los primeros años, el ODI quería enfocarse solamente en el Reino " "Unido. Pero en el primer año, grandes delegaciones de visitantes " @@ -13298,7 +14300,7 @@ msgstr "" "crear “nodos” internacionales del ODI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -13320,7 +14322,7 @@ msgstr "" "pequeña cuota por ser parte de la red y usar la marca." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" @@ -13329,7 +14331,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -13341,7 +14343,7 @@ msgstr "" "oficinas.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -13359,12 +14361,12 @@ msgstr "" "construirla, no únicamente enlinea sino a través de eventos cara-a-cara." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -13378,10 +14380,11 @@ msgstr "" "sociales de sus datos abiertos. Si es de alta calidad, la organización puede " "ganar el Open Data Certificate (certificado de datos abiertos ) de la ODI, " "una marca reconocida globalmente que declara que sus datos abiertos son " -"usables, confiables, accesibles, descubribles, y que están soportados.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"usables, confiables, accesibles, descubribles, y que están soportados." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6409 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -13395,12 +14398,18 @@ msgstr "" "escala." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " +#| "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of " +#| "data to use Creative Commons licenses rather than creating new “open " +#| "licenses” of their own." msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " -"to use Creative Commons licenses rather than creating new “open licenses” of " -"their own." +"to use Creative Commons licenses rather than creating new <quote>open " +"licenses</quote> of their own." msgstr "" "Las licencias Creative Commons 4.0 cubren los derechos de bases de datos y " "el ODI recomienda CC BY, CC BY-SA, y CC0 para la liberacion de datos. El ODI " @@ -13408,7 +14417,24 @@ msgstr "" "vez de crear “licencias abiertas” de su autoría." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " +#| "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " +#| "publications and reports under CC BY or CC BY-SA licenses. ODI’s mission " +#| "is to connect and equip people around the world so they can innovate with " +#| "data. Disseminating stories, research, guidance, and code under an open " +#| "license is essential for achieving that mission. It also demonstrates " +#| "that it is perfectly possible to generate sustainable revenue streams " +#| "that do not rely on restrictive licensing of content, data, or code. " +#| "People pay to have ODI experts provide training to them, not for the " +#| "content of the training; people pay for the advice ODI gives them, not " +#| "for the methodologies they use. Producing open content, data, and source " +#| "code helps establish credibility and creates leads for the paid services " +#| "that they offer. According to Jeni, “The biggest lesson we have learned " +#| "is that it is completely possible to be open, get customers, and make " +#| "money.”" msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -13422,8 +14448,8 @@ msgid "" "people pay for the advice ODI gives them, not for the methodologies they " "use. Producing open content, data, and source code helps establish " "credibility and creates leads for the paid services that they offer. " -"According to Jeni, “The biggest lesson we have learned is that it is " -"completely possible to be open, get customers, and make money.”" +"According to Jeni, <quote>The biggest lesson we have learned is that it is " +"completely possible to be open, get customers, and make money.</quote>" msgstr "" "Para el ODI, abierto está en el corazón de lo que hacen. También liberan " "cualquier código de software que ellos produzcan bajo las licencias de " @@ -13443,7 +14469,7 @@ msgstr "" "dinero.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -13455,7 +14481,7 @@ msgstr "" "Abril de 2016:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -13468,17 +14494,17 @@ msgstr "" "del ODI han generado desde su incorporación al programa ODI: £ 44.5 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "Número total de miembros activos y nodos alrededor del mundo: 1,350" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "Ventas totales desde que comenzó el ODI: £7.44 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" @@ -13487,25 +14513,31 @@ msgstr "" "en persona y enlinea: 2.2 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "Total de certificados de Open Data creados: 151, 000" +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534 +msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" +msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" + #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533 msgid "" -"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: 5,0805" +"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " +"5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Número total de personas capacitadas por el ODI y sus nodos desde que el ODI " -"comenzó: 50,805" +"comenzó: 5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "OpenDesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -13517,37 +14549,38 @@ msgstr "" "RU." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8909 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" -msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: cargos por una cuota de transacción" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: cargos por una " +"cuota de transacción" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6498 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: November 4, 2015" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 4 de noviembre, 2015" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 4 de noviembre, " +"2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6501 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewees: Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner, cofounders" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" -msgstr "Entrevistados: Nick Ierodiaconou y Joni Steiner, cofundadores" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistados</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou y Joni " +"Steiner, cofundadores" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -13561,7 +14594,23 @@ msgstr "" "por un creador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " +#| "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " +#| "Digital, who had an interest in open licensing. Nick and Joni were " +#| "exploring digital fabrication, and Mint’s interest in open licensing got " +#| "them to thinking how the open-source world may interact and apply to " +#| "physical goods. They sought to design something for their client that was " +#| "also reproducible. As they put it, they decided to “ship the recipe, but " +#| "not the goods.” They created the design using software, put it under an " +#| "open license, and had it manufactured locally near the client. This was " +#| "the start of the idea for Opendesk. The idea for Wikihouse—another open " +#| "project dedicated to accessible housing for all—started as discussions " +#| "around the same table. The two projects ultimately went on separate " +#| "paths, with Wikihouse becoming a nonprofit foundation and Opendesk a for-" +#| "profit company." msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -13569,10 +14618,10 @@ msgid "" "digital fabrication, and Mint’s interest in open licensing got them to " "thinking how the open-source world may interact and apply to physical goods. " "They sought to design something for their client that was also reproducible. " -"As they put it, they decided to “ship the recipe, but not the goods.” They " -"created the design using software, put it under an open license, and had it " -"manufactured locally near the client. This was the start of the idea for " -"Opendesk. The idea for Wikihouse—another open project dedicated to " +"As they put it, they decided to <quote>ship the recipe, but not the goods.</" +"quote> They created the design using software, put it under an open license, " +"and had it manufactured locally near the client. This was the start of the " +"idea for Opendesk. The idea for Wikihouse—another open project dedicated to " "accessible housing for all—started as discussions around the same table. The " "two projects ultimately went on separate paths, with Wikihouse becoming a " "nonprofit foundation and Opendesk a for-profit company." @@ -13593,7 +14642,7 @@ msgstr "" "lucro y Opendesk en una campañía de lucro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -13607,7 +14656,7 @@ msgstr "" "lejos del camino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -13629,7 +14678,7 @@ msgstr "" "reinventar la rueda y decidieron usar las Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -13644,7 +14693,7 @@ msgstr "" "Salir con un modelo de negocios iba a ser complejo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -13655,7 +14704,7 @@ msgstr "" "decisiones en el modelo de negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -13671,25 +14720,32 @@ msgstr "" "quieren ser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " +#| "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what " +#| "Nick and Joni called “reputational glow.” And Opendesk does an awesome " +#| "job profiling the designers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " -"and Joni called “reputational glow.” And Opendesk does an awesome job " -"profiling the designers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"and Joni called <quote>reputational glow.</quote> And Opendesk does an " +"awesome job profiling the designers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "En su mayoría, los diseñadores aman la idea de compartir contenido. " "Entienden que reciben realimentación positiva cuando se les dá crédito, lo " "que Nick y Joni llamaron “atractivo reputacional.” Y Opendesk hace un " -"magnífico trabajo perfilando a los diseñadores.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"magnífico trabajo perfilando a los diseñadores.<placeholder type=\"footnote" +"\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6576 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -13703,7 +14759,7 @@ msgstr "" "licencia Attributtion-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -13723,21 +14779,31 @@ msgstr "" "especificaciones en el archivo de diseño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6600 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture " +#| "for local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for " +#| "them. Joni said, “Finding a whole network and community of makers was " +#| "pretty easy because we built a site where people could write in about " +#| "their capabilities. Building the community by learning from the maker " +#| "community is how we have moved forward.” Opendesk now has relationships " +#| "with hundreds of makers in countries all around the world.<placeholder " +#| "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " -"said, “Finding a whole network and community of makers was pretty easy " +"said, <quote>Finding a whole network and community of makers was pretty easy " "because we built a site where people could write in about their " "capabilities. Building the community by learning from the maker community is " -"how we have moved forward.” Opendesk now has relationships with hundreds of " -"makers in countries all around the world.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" -"\"0\"/>" +"how we have moved forward.</quote> Opendesk now has relationships with " +"hundreds of makers in countries all around the world.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Los creadores se benefician de ser parte de la red de Opendesk. Elaborar " "mobilario para los clientes locales es un trabajo pagado, y Opendesk genera " @@ -13749,7 +14815,7 @@ msgstr "" "países alrededor del mundo.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -13760,7 +14826,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el sitio web de Opendesk:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" @@ -13769,7 +14835,7 @@ msgstr "" "registrado, ellos pagan:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -13780,7 +14846,7 @@ msgstr "" "extra por ensamblado cargado por el creador)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" @@ -13789,7 +14855,7 @@ msgstr "" "al diseñador cada vez que su diseño es usado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -13800,7 +14866,7 @@ msgstr "" "contruir nuestro mercado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -13814,7 +14880,7 @@ msgstr "" "relevante)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" @@ -13824,7 +14890,7 @@ msgstr "" "entrega externo asociado)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -13836,21 +14902,28 @@ msgstr "" "casos los creadores estarán felices de presupuestar por el ensamblado en " "sitio y los diseñadores podrían ofrecer opciones de diseño a la medida)" +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716 +msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" +msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" + #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 -msgid "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)3" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 +msgid "" +"local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "impuestos por ventas locales (variable por la ubicación del cliente y el " -"creador)3" +"creador)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" "A continuación, se detallan cómo se crean las cotizaciones de los creadores:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -13872,7 +14945,7 @@ msgstr "" "manufactura subyacentes y son típicamente prorrateado de la siguiente manera:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" @@ -13882,27 +14955,27 @@ msgstr "" "ensamblado en sitio)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota por diseño: 8 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota de plataforma: 12 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "cuota de canal: 18 porciento del costo de manufactura" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "impuesto de venta: los aplicables (depende del producto y ubicación)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -13914,7 +14987,7 @@ msgstr "" "valor al diseñador." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -13929,7 +15002,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reino Unido. Actualmente Opendesk representa una gran parte de sus negocios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -13947,13 +15020,20 @@ msgstr "" "piezas funcionales y reproducibles." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 -msgid "" -"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as “open making”: " -"“Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs and " -"new customers. You get designer products without the designer price tag, a " -"more social, eco-friendly alternative to mass-production and an affordable " -"way to buy custom-made products.”" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as “open making”: " +#| "“Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs " +#| "and new customers. You get designer products without the designer price " +#| "tag, a more social, eco-friendly alternative to mass-production and an " +#| "affordable way to buy custom-made products.”" +msgid "" +"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" +"quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " +"profitable jobs and new customers. You get designer products without the " +"designer price tag, a more social, eco-friendly alternative to mass-" +"production and an affordable way to buy custom-made products.</quote>" msgstr "" "En su sitio web, Opendesk describe lo que hacen como “open making (creación " "abierta)”:”Los diseñadores obtienen un canal de distribución global. Los " @@ -13963,7 +15043,7 @@ msgstr "" "asequible para comprar productos personalizados.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -13979,32 +15059,41 @@ msgstr "" "usuales producidos en masa de una tienda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " +#| "Opendesk and the “open making” business model. They’re engaging thought " +#| "leaders and practitioners to define this new movement. They have a " +#| "separate Open Making site, which includes a manifesto, a field guide, and " +#| "an invitation to get involved in the Open Making community.<placeholder " +#| "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> People can submit ideas and discuss the " +#| "principles and business practices they’d like to see used." msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " -"Opendesk and the “open making” business model. They’re engaging thought " -"leaders and practitioners to define this new movement. They have a separate " -"Open Making site, which includes a manifesto, a field guide, and an " -"invitation to get involved in the Open Making community.<placeholder type=" -"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> People can submit ideas and discuss the principles " -"and business practices they’d like to see used." +"Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " +"engaging thought leaders and practitioners to define this new movement. They " +"have a separate Open Making site, which includes a manifesto, a field guide, " +"and an invitation to get involved in the Open Making community.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> People can submit ideas and discuss the " +"principles and business practices they’d like to see used." msgstr "" "Nick y Joni estan tomando un acercamiento basado en la comunidad para " "definir y evolucionar a Opendesk y el modelo de negocios de “creación " "abierta”. Estan involucrando a los líderes del pensamiento y a los afiliados " "a definir este nuevo movimiento. Tienen un sitio separado de Open Making, el " "cual incluye un manifiesto, una guía de campo, y una invitación a " -"involucrarse en la comunidad del Open Making.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> La gente puede enviar sus " -"ideas y discutir los principios y las prácticas de negocios que a ellos les " -"gustaría ver que se usaran." +"involucrarse en la comunidad del Open Making.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/> La gente puede enviar sus ideas y discutir los principios y las " +"prácticas de negocios que a ellos les gustaría ver que se usaran." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -14020,7 +15109,7 @@ msgstr "" "NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" @@ -14029,22 +15118,22 @@ msgstr "" "considera usos comerciales y no comerciales. Su sitio web declara:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "Es inequívocamente uso comercial cuando alguien:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "carga una cuota o tiene una ganancia cuando hace un Opendesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "vende (o tiene un servicio comercial basado en) un OpenDesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -14055,7 +15144,7 @@ msgstr "" "monetaria. Por ejemplo, estos califican como no comercial:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" @@ -14065,7 +15154,7 @@ msgstr "" "mobiliario por sí mismo" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" @@ -14074,7 +15163,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativos o capacitación (y no intenta vender las piezas resultantes)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" @@ -14089,7 +15178,17 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles para ti en los diferentes talleres que lo conforman" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, " +#| "Nick and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of " +#| "creators out of a sense of fairness. They have found that behavioral " +#| "economics can replace some of the thorny legal issues. In their business " +#| "model, Nick and Joni are trying to suspend the focus on IP and build an " +#| "open business model that works for all stakeholders—designers, channels, " +#| "manufacturers, and customers. For them, the value Opendesk generates " +#| "hangs off “open,” not IP." msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -14097,7 +15196,8 @@ msgid "" "replace some of the thorny legal issues. In their business model, Nick and " "Joni are trying to suspend the focus on IP and build an open business model " "that works for all stakeholders—designers, channels, manufacturers, and " -"customers. For them, the value Opendesk generates hangs off “open,” not IP." +"customers. For them, the value Opendesk generates hangs off <quote>open,</" +"quote> not IP." msgstr "" "Independientemente de que las personas técnicamente estén haciendo cosas que " "implican propiedad intelectual, Nick y Joni encontraron que la gente tiende " @@ -14110,7 +15210,7 @@ msgstr "" "genera Opendesk depende del “abierto,” no de la propiedad intelectual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -14125,7 +15225,7 @@ msgstr "" "involucrados a través de Opendesk en trabajo generador de ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -14137,12 +15237,12 @@ msgstr "" "ganan impulso y entonces tienen esperanza en las personas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "OpenStax" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -14153,51 +15253,60 @@ msgstr "" "demanda y cursos de posicionamiento avanzado. Fundado en 2012 en los EUA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6842 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6844 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Revenue model: grant funding, charging for custom services, charging for " -#| "physical copies (textbook sales)" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ingresos: donaciones, cobros por servicios personalizados, cobros " -"por copias físicas (ventas de libros de texto)" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: donaciones, cobros " +"por servicios personalizados, cobros por copias físicas (ventas de libros de " +"texto)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6848 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: December 16, 2015" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 16 de diciembre, 2015" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 16 de " +"diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6851 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: David Harris, editor-in-chief" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" -msgstr "Entrevistado: David Harris, Editor en Jefe" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: David Harris, Editor en " +"Jefe" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was " +#| "started in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor " +#| "of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Rice University in Houston, " +#| "Texas. Frustrated by the limitations of traditional textbooks and " +#| "courses, Dr. Baraniuk wanted to provide authors and learners a way to " +#| "share and freely adapt educational materials such as courses, books, and " +#| "reports. Today, Connexions (now called OpenStax CNX) is one of the " +#| "world’s best libraries of customizable educational materials, all " +#| "licensed with Creative Commons and available to anyone, anywhere, anytime—" +#| "for free." msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " -"in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " +"in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " "Electrical and Computer Engineering at Rice University in Houston, Texas. " -"Frustrated by the limitations of traditional textbooks and courses, Dr. " -"Baraniuk wanted to provide authors and learners a way to share and freely " -"adapt educational materials such as courses, books, and reports. Today, " -"Connexions (now called OpenStax CNX) is one of the world’s best libraries of " -"customizable educational materials, all licensed with Creative Commons and " -"available to anyone, anywhere, anytime—for free." +"Frustrated by the limitations of traditional textbooks and courses, " +"Dr. Baraniuk wanted to provide authors and learners a way to share and " +"freely adapt educational materials such as courses, books, and reports. " +"Today, Connexions (now called OpenStax CNX) is one of the world’s best " +"libraries of customizable educational materials, all licensed with Creative " +"Commons and available to anyone, anywhere, anytime—for free." msgstr "" "OpenStax es una extensión del programa llamado Connexions, el cual fue " "comenzado en 1999 por el Dr. Richard Baraniuk, profesor Victor E. Cameron de " @@ -14211,7 +15320,7 @@ msgstr "" "cualquier momento— sin costo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -14233,7 +15342,7 @@ msgstr "" "OpenStax College, ahora simplemente OpenStax." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6882 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -14257,7 +15366,7 @@ msgstr "" "fácil adopción por parte de los estudiantes y profesores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" @@ -14266,7 +15375,7 @@ msgstr "" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -14282,12 +15391,12 @@ msgstr "" "por pares y a completos que pudieran estar disponibles sin costo para los " "veinticinco cursos con la más alta matrícula colegial en la nación. Hay " "información que prueba el exito de su hipótesis original de cuantos " -"estudiantes pueden ayudara y cuanto dinero pueden ayudar a ahorrar.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El " -"contenido producido profesionalente escala rápidamente. Todo sin una fuerza " -"de ventas!" +"estudiantes pueden ayudara y cuanto dinero pueden ayudar a ahorrar." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El contenido producido " +"profesionalente escala rápidamente. Todo sin una fuerza de ventas!" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -14305,7 +15414,7 @@ msgstr "" "acerca de estos libros de texto y que promuevan su uso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -14321,7 +15430,7 @@ msgstr "" "adecúe a sus necesidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -14335,18 +15444,12 @@ msgstr "" "clave, y más." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6928 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " -#| "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " -#| "calculator they can use to see how much students would save. OpenStax " -#| "keeps a running list of institutions that have adopted their textbooks.2" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -14359,10 +15462,10 @@ msgstr "" "OpenStax; incluso existe una calculadora de ahorro por costo de libros de " "texto que pueden usar para observar que tanto pueden ahorrase los " "estudiantes. OpenStax mantiene una lista de instituciones que han adoptado " -"sus libros de texto. 2" +"sus libros de texto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -14375,7 +15478,7 @@ msgstr "" "red extensiva de asociados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -14396,7 +15499,7 @@ msgstr "" "inversión filantrópica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -14417,7 +15520,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibles a los alumnos por una cuota." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -14436,7 +15539,7 @@ msgstr "" "Introducción a la Sociología 2da Ed, usando estos fondos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -14458,7 +15561,7 @@ msgstr "" "fuerza de ventas; sus participantes estan afuera mostrando sus materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -14473,7 +15576,7 @@ msgstr "" "compartir estos hallazgos con la comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -14494,7 +15597,7 @@ msgstr "" "corrientes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -14520,14 +15623,22 @@ msgstr "" "impresos es prácticamente del cien por ciento." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7015 -msgid "" -"David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0? " -"Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally funded " -"by institutions or government ministries. In David’s view, this results in " -"content that has high local value but is infrequently adopted nationally. " -"It’s therefore difficult to show payback over a time scale that is " -"reasonable." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0? " +#| "Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " +#| "funded by institutions or government ministries. In David’s view, this " +#| "results in content that has high local value but is infrequently adopted " +#| "nationally. It’s therefore difficult to show payback over a time scale " +#| "that is reasonable." +msgid "" +"David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " +"1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " +"funded by institutions or government ministries. In David’s view, this " +"results in content that has high local value but is infrequently adopted " +"nationally. It’s therefore difficult to show payback over a time scale that " +"is reasonable." msgstr "" "David piensa acerca del modelo de OpenStax como «OER 2.0». Entonces, ¿ qué " "es OER 1.0 ? históricamente en el campo de los OER, muchas iniciativas OER " @@ -14538,7 +15649,7 @@ msgstr "" "que sea razonable." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -14562,7 +15673,7 @@ msgstr "" "cero, un buen ejemplo es su libro de biología." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7036 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -14596,7 +15707,7 @@ msgstr "" "muy laborioso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -14616,14 +15727,24 @@ msgstr "" "por adelantado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7064 -msgid "" -"David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation license.” " -"It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their textbooks in " -"innovative ways without having to ask for permission. It frees up the whole " -"market and has been central to OpenStax being able to bring on partners. " -"OpenStax sees a lot of customization of their materials. By enabling " -"frictionless remixing, CC BY gives teachers control and academic freedom." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation " +#| "license.” It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their " +#| "textbooks in innovative ways without having to ask for permission. It " +#| "frees up the whole market and has been central to OpenStax being able to " +#| "bring on partners. OpenStax sees a lot of customization of their " +#| "materials. By enabling frictionless remixing, CC BY gives teachers " +#| "control and academic freedom." +msgid "" +"David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " +"license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " +"their textbooks in innovative ways without having to ask for permission. It " +"frees up the whole market and has been central to OpenStax being able to " +"bring on partners. OpenStax sees a lot of customization of their materials. " +"By enabling frictionless remixing, CC BY gives teachers control and academic " +"freedom." msgstr "" "David piensa de la licencia Attribution (CC BY) como la «licencia de " "innovación». Es fundamental para la misión de OpenStax, permitiendole a la " @@ -14634,7 +15755,7 @@ msgstr "" "profesore el control y libertad académica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -14655,7 +15776,7 @@ msgstr "" "compromiso y toma ventaja de las ineficiencias del mercado tradicional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" @@ -14665,33 +15786,29 @@ msgstr "" "de su reciente material para la prensa:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7090 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "Libros publicados: 23" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "Estudiantes que han usado OpenStax: 1.6 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7100 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Money saved for students: \\$155 million" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" -msgstr "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes: \\$ 155 millones" +msgstr "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes: $ 155 millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7105 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: \\$77 million" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" -"Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes en el ciclo académico 2016-17: \\$77 " +"Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes en el ciclo académico 2016-17: $77 " "millones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -14704,7 +15821,7 @@ msgstr "" "años y universidades, y 344 colegios y universidades fuera de los E.U.A.)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -14718,7 +15835,7 @@ msgstr "" "internacional." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7127 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -14734,7 +15851,7 @@ msgstr "" "carrera de enfermería, por ejemplo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -14757,62 +15874,83 @@ msgstr "" "alcanzarla." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "Amanda Palmer" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "Amanda Palmer es música, artista, y escritora. Vive en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7157 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, " -#| "charging for physical copies (book and album sales), charg-ing for in-" -#| "person version (performances), selling merchandise" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " "and album sales), charg-ing for in-person version (performances), selling " "merchandise" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ingresos: financiamiento comunitario (en base a subscripciones), " -"paga-lo-que-quieras, cobros por copias físicas ( libros y venta de álbums), " -"cobros para versiones en vivo (performances), venta de mercancia" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: financiamiento " +"comunitario (en base a subscripciones), paga-lo-que-quieras, cobros por " +"copias físicas ( libros y venta de álbums), cobros para versiones en vivo " +"(performances), venta de mercancia" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7162 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: December 15, 2015" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 15 de diciembre, 2015" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 15 de " +"diciembre, 2015" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232 +msgid "" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" +"amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" +"swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" +msgstr "" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" +"amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" +"swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she " +#| "calls a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new " +#| "ways to sustain her creative work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" +#| ">" msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " -"a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new ways to " -"sustain her creative work. 1" +"a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " +"new ways to sustain her creative work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Desde el principio de su carrera, Amanda Palmer ha estado en lo que ella " "llama «un viaje sin mapa», continuamente experimentando para encontrar " -"nuevas vias de continuar su trabajo creativo. 1" +"nuevas vias de continuar su trabajo creativo.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly " +#| "what she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . . . " +#| "in which the artist can share freely and directly feel the reverberations " +#| "of their artistic gifts to the community, and make a living doing that.”" msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " -"she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . . . in " -"which the artist can share freely and directly feel the reverberations of " -"their artistic gifts to the community, and make a living doing that.”" +"she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " +"in which the artist can share freely and directly feel the reverberations of " +"their artistic gifts to the community, and make a living doing that.</quote>" msgstr "" "En su libro best-seller, The Art of Asking, Amanda comenta exactamente que " "ha sido y que continua esforzandose por ser—«el punto justo ideal … en " @@ -14821,14 +15959,22 @@ msgstr "" "haciendolo.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7182 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " +#| "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks " +#| "the digital age is both an exciting and frustrating time for creators. " +#| "“On the one hand, we have this beautiful shareability,” Amanda said. “On " +#| "the other, you’ve got a bunch of confused artists wondering how to make " +#| "money to buy food so we can make more art.”" msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " -"digital age is both an exciting and frustrating time for creators. “On the " -"one hand, we have this beautiful shareability,” Amanda said. “On the other, " -"you’ve got a bunch of confused artists wondering how to make money to buy " -"food so we can make more art.”" +"digital age is both an exciting and frustrating time for creators. <quote>On " +"the one hand, we have this beautiful shareability,</quote> Amanda said. " +"<quote>On the other, you’ve got a bunch of confused artists wondering how to " +"make money to buy food so we can make more art.</quote>" msgstr "" "Mientras parece que ella tuvo exito al encontrar ese punto justo para sí " "misma, Amanda es la primera en reconocer que hay soluciones milagrosas. " @@ -14839,7 +15985,20 @@ msgstr "" "seguir haciendo arte.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress " +#| "up in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of " +#| "milk crates, and hand out flowers to strangers as part of a silent " +#| "dramatic performance. She collected money in a hat. Most people walked by " +#| "her without stopping, but an essential few stopped to watch and drop some " +#| "money into her hat to show their appreciation. Rather than dwelling on " +#| "the majority of people who ignored her, she felt thankful for those who " +#| "stopped. “All I needed was . . . some people,” she wrote in her book. " +#| "“Enough people. Enough to make it worth coming back the next day, enough " +#| "people to help me make rent and put food on the table. Enough so I could " +#| "keep making art.”" msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -14847,10 +16006,11 @@ msgid "" "performance. She collected money in a hat. Most people walked by her without " "stopping, but an essential few stopped to watch and drop some money into her " "hat to show their appreciation. Rather than dwelling on the majority of " -"people who ignored her, she felt thankful for those who stopped. “All I " -"needed was . . . some people,” she wrote in her book. “Enough people. Enough " -"to make it worth coming back the next day, enough people to help me make " -"rent and put food on the table. Enough so I could keep making art.”" +"people who ignored her, she felt thankful for those who stopped. <quote>All " +"I needed was . . . some people,</quote> she wrote in her book. <quote>Enough " +"people. Enough to make it worth coming back the next day, enough people to " +"help me make rent and put food on the table. Enough so I could keep making " +"art.</quote>" msgstr "" "Amanda comenzó su carrera artística como una interprete callejera. Se vestia " "con un vestido de novia antiguo, se pintó la cara de blanco, se apoyaba en " @@ -14867,15 +16027,26 @@ msgstr "" "haciendo arte.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her " +#| "career remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach " +#| "“her crowd” and feeling gratitude when she does. With her band the " +#| "Dresden Dolls, Amanda tried the traditional path of signing with a record " +#| "label. It didn’t take for a variety of reasons, but one of them was that " +#| "the label had absolutely no interest in Amanda’s view of success. They " +#| "wanted hits, but making music for the masses was never what Amanda and " +#| "the Dresden Dolls set out to do." msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " -"remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach “her crowd” " -"and feeling gratitude when she does. With her band the Dresden Dolls, Amanda " -"tried the traditional path of signing with a record label. It didn’t take " -"for a variety of reasons, but one of them was that the label had absolutely " -"no interest in Amanda’s view of success. They wanted hits, but making music " -"for the masses was never what Amanda and the Dresden Dolls set out to do." +"remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " +"crowd</quote> and feeling gratitude when she does. With her band the Dresden " +"Dolls, Amanda tried the traditional path of signing with a record label. It " +"didn’t take for a variety of reasons, but one of them was that the label had " +"absolutely no interest in Amanda’s view of success. They wanted hits, but " +"making music for the masses was never what Amanda and the Dresden Dolls set " +"out to do." msgstr "" "Amanda ha transitado una larga jornada desde sus dias de artista callejero, " "pero su carrera continua dominada por el mismo sentimiento—encontrar vias " @@ -14887,27 +16058,28 @@ msgstr "" "lo que Amanda y the Dresden Dolls querían hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " #| "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the " #| "public without involving a middle man, releasing digital files on a “pay " -#| "what you want” basis and selling CDs and vinyl. She also made money from " -#| "live performances and merchandise sales. Eventually, in 2012 she decided " +#| "what you want” basis and selling CDs and vinyl. She also made money from " +#| "live performances and merchandise sales. Eventually, in 2012 she decided " #| "to try her hand at the sort of crowdfunding we know so well today. Her " -#| "Kickstarter project started with a goal of \\$100,000, and she made \\" -#| "$1.2 million. It remains one of the most successful Kickstarter projects " -#| "of all time." +#| "Kickstarter project started with a goal of $100,000, and she made $1.2 " +#| "million. It remains one of the most successful Kickstarter projects of " +#| "all time." msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " -"without involving a middle man, releasing digital files on a “pay what you " -"want” basis and selling CDs and vinyl. She also made money from live " -"performances and merchandise sales. Eventually, in 2012 she decided to try " -"her hand at the sort of crowdfunding we know so well today. Her Kickstarter " -"project started with a goal of $100,000, and she made $1.2 million. It " -"remains one of the most successful Kickstarter projects of all time." +"without involving a middle man, releasing digital files on a <quote>pay what " +"you want</quote> basis and selling CDs and vinyl. She also made money from " +"live performances and merchandise sales. Eventually, in 2012 she decided to " +"try her hand at the sort of crowdfunding we know so well today. Her " +"Kickstarter project started with a goal of $100,000, and she made $1.2 " +"million. It remains one of the most successful Kickstarter projects of all " +"time." msgstr "" "Despues de dejar a la disquera en 2008, comenzó a experimentar con " "diferentes vias de hacer un ingreso. Liberó música directamente al público " @@ -14915,21 +16087,32 @@ msgstr "" "«paga lo que quieras» además de vender CDs y viniles. También ganó dinero al " "realizar performances en vivo y venta de mercancias. Finalmente, en 2012 " "decidió intentar el tipo de financiamiento comunitario que conocemos bien el " -"dia de hoy. Su proyecto kickstarter comenzó con una meta de \\$100,000, y " -"ella logró \\$1.2 millones. Es uno de los más exitosos proyectos de " -"kickstarter de todos los tiempos." +"dia de hoy. Su proyecto kickstarter comenzó con una meta de $100,000, y ella " +"logró $1.2 millones. Es uno de los más exitosos proyectos de kickstarter de " +"todos los tiempos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " +#| "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan " +#| "base on Patreon, a crowdfunding site that allows artists to get recurring " +#| "donations from fans. More than eight thousand people have signed up to " +#| "support her so she can create music, art, and any other creative “thing” " +#| "that she is inspired to make. The recurring pledges are made on a “per " +#| "thing” basis. All of the content she makes is made freely available under " +#| "an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA)." msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " "on Patreon, a crowdfunding site that allows artists to get recurring " "donations from fans. More than eight thousand people have signed up to " -"support her so she can create music, art, and any other creative “thing” " -"that she is inspired to make. The recurring pledges are made on a “per " -"thing” basis. All of the content she makes is made freely available under an " -"Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA)." +"support her so she can create music, art, and any other creative " +"<quote>thing</quote> that she is inspired to make. The recurring pledges are " +"made on a <quote>per thing</quote> basis. All of the content she makes is " +"made freely available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " +"(CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" "En el presente, Amanda se ha alejado del financiamiento colectivo para " "proyectos específicos y en lugar de eso obtener un soporte financiero " @@ -14941,7 +16124,23 @@ msgstr "" "costo bajo la licencia Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " +#| "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing " +#| "her work has been part of her model since the beginning of her career, " +#| "even before she discovered Creative Commons. Amanda says the Dresden " +#| "Dolls used to get ten emails per week from fans asking if they could use " +#| "their music for different projects. They said yes to all of the requests, " +#| "as long as it wasn’t for a completely for-profit venture. At the time, " +#| "they used a short-form agreement written by Amanda herself. “I made " +#| "everyone sign that contract so at least I wouldn’t be leaving the band " +#| "vulnerable to someone later going on and putting our music in a Camel " +#| "cigarette ad,” Amanda said. Once she discovered Creative Commons, " +#| "adopting the licenses was an easy decision because it gave them a more " +#| "formal, standardized way of doing what they had been doing all along. The " +#| "NonCommercial licenses were a natural fit." msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -14950,12 +16149,13 @@ msgid "" "to get ten emails per week from fans asking if they could use their music " "for different projects. They said yes to all of the requests, as long as it " "wasn’t for a completely for-profit venture. At the time, they used a short-" -"form agreement written by Amanda herself. “I made everyone sign that " +"form agreement written by Amanda herself. <quote>I made everyone sign that " "contract so at least I wouldn’t be leaving the band vulnerable to someone " -"later going on and putting our music in a Camel cigarette ad,” Amanda said. " -"Once she discovered Creative Commons, adopting the licenses was an easy " -"decision because it gave them a more formal, standardized way of doing what " -"they had been doing all along. The NonCommercial licenses were a natural fit." +"later going on and putting our music in a Camel cigarette ad,</quote> Amanda " +"said. Once she discovered Creative Commons, adopting the licenses was an " +"easy decision because it gave them a more formal, standardized way of doing " +"what they had been doing all along. The NonCommercial licenses were a " +"natural fit." msgstr "" "Hacere su arte y música disponibles bajo licencias Creative Commons sin duda " "limita sus opciones en la forma que ella hace un ingreso. Pero compartir su " @@ -14974,13 +16174,21 @@ msgstr "" "NonCommercial fueron como hechas a la medida." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The " +#| "Art of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using " +#| "her music surpass the official videos in number of views on YouTube. " +#| "Rather than seeing this sort of thing as competition, Amanda celebrates " +#| "it. “We got into this because we wanted to share the joy of music,” she " +#| "said." msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " "music surpass the official videos in number of views on YouTube. Rather than " -"seeing this sort of thing as competition, Amanda celebrates it. “We got into " -"this because we wanted to share the joy of music,” she said." +"seeing this sort of thing as competition, Amanda celebrates it. <quote>We " +"got into this because we wanted to share the joy of music,</quote> she said." msgstr "" "Amanda acepta las vias en que sus fans comparten y construyen a partir de su " "música. En su libro, The Art of Asking, escribió que algunos de los videos " @@ -14990,14 +16198,24 @@ msgstr "" "disfrute de la música, » dijo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " +#| "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her " +#| "career, she and the band would throw concerts at house parties. As the " +#| "gatherings grew, the line between fans and friends was completely " +#| "blurred. “Not only did most our early fans know where I lived and where " +#| "we practiced, but most of them had also been in my kitchen,” Amanda wrote " +#| "in The Art of Asking." msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " "she and the band would throw concerts at house parties. As the gatherings " -"grew, the line between fans and friends was completely blurred. “Not only " -"did most our early fans know where I lived and where we practiced, but most " -"of them had also been in my kitchen,” Amanda wrote in The Art of Asking." +"grew, the line between fans and friends was completely blurred. <quote>Not " +"only did most our early fans know where I lived and where we practiced, but " +"most of them had also been in my kitchen,</quote> Amanda wrote in The Art of " +"Asking." msgstr "" "Esto simboliza como casi todo lo que hace en su carrera está motivado por un " "deseo de conectarse con sus fans. Al inicio de su carrera, ella y la banda " @@ -15007,7 +16225,18 @@ msgstr "" "habían estado en mi cosina,» escribió Amanda en The Art of Asking." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7274 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek " +#| "this sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face " +#| "contact with her fans every chance she can get. Her hugely successful " +#| "Kickstarter featured fifty concerts at house parties for backers. She " +#| "spends hours in the signing line after shows. It helps that Amanda has " +#| "the kind of dynamic, engaging personality that instantly draws people to " +#| "her, but a big component of her ability to connect with people is her " +#| "willingness to listen. “Listening fast and caring immediately is a skill " +#| "unto itself,” Amanda wrote." msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -15016,7 +16245,8 @@ msgid "" "the signing line after shows. It helps that Amanda has the kind of dynamic, " "engaging personality that instantly draws people to her, but a big component " "of her ability to connect with people is her willingness to listen. " -"“Listening fast and caring immediately is a skill unto itself,” Amanda wrote." +"<quote>Listening fast and caring immediately is a skill unto itself,</quote> " +"Amanda wrote." msgstr "" "Aunque ahora que la base de admiradores es amplia y global, ella continúa " "buscando este tipo de conexión humana con sus fans. Busca el contacto cara-a-" @@ -15030,7 +16260,7 @@ msgstr "" "mismo,» escribió Amanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7286 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -15050,14 +16280,22 @@ msgstr "" "después de un espectáculo, ellos pueden sentir legitimamente que la conocen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7296 -msgid "" -"“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable " -"and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the flaws and " -"exposing the vulnerability actually create a deeper connection than just " -"looking fantastic,” Amanda said. “Everything in our culture is telling us " -"otherwise. But my experience has shown me that the risk of making yourself " -"vulnerable is almost always worth it.”" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable " +#| "and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the flaws and " +#| "exposing the vulnerability actually create a deeper connection than just " +#| "looking fantastic,” Amanda said. “Everything in our culture is telling " +#| "us otherwise. But my experience has shown me that the risk of making " +#| "yourself vulnerable is almost always worth it.”" +msgid "" +"<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " +"palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " +"flaws and exposing the vulnerability actually create a deeper connection " +"than just looking fantastic,</quote> Amanda said. <quote>Everything in our " +"culture is telling us otherwise. But my experience has shown me that the " +"risk of making yourself vulnerable is almost always worth it.</quote>" msgstr "" "«Con los medios de interacción social en línea, estamos tan preocupados de " "que la imágen sea aceptable y consumible que olvidamos que mostrarse " @@ -15067,7 +16305,7 @@ msgstr "" "que el riesgo de hacerte vulnerable casi siempre vale la pena. »" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -15086,7 +16324,7 @@ msgstr "" "haces con los amigos—compartes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7315 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -15096,22 +16334,31 @@ msgid "" "from people who know and trust you. People who feel personally invested in " "your success." msgstr "" -"Despues de años de invertir tiempo y energía en construir confianza con sus " +"Después de años de invertir tiempo y energía en construir confianza con sus " "fans, ella tiene una relación con ellos para solicitar apoyo—a través de " "donaciones paga-lo-que-quieras, Kickstarter, Patreon, e incluso pedirles que " "den una mano en un concierto. Como Amanda lo explica, el financiamiento " "comunitario ( que es realmente lo que todas estas diferentes opciones son) " -"es acerca de solicitar apoyo de la gente que te conoce y confía en tí. " -"Personas que se sienten involucradas en su exito." +"es acerca de solicitar apoyo de la gente que te conoce y confía en ti. " +"Personas que se sienten involucradas en su éxito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7325 -msgid "" -"“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, " -"they become your allies, your family,” she wrote. There really is a feeling " -"of solidarity within her core fan base. From the beginning, Amanda and her " -"band encouraged people to dress up for their shows. They consciously " -"cultivated a feeling of belonging to their “weird little family.”" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, " +#| "they become your allies, your family,” she wrote. There really is a " +#| "feeling of solidarity within her core fan base. From the beginning, " +#| "Amanda and her band encouraged people to dress up for their shows. They " +#| "consciously cultivated a feeling of belonging to their “weird little " +#| "family.”" +msgid "" +"<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " +"you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " +"is a feeling of solidarity within her core fan base. From the beginning, " +"Amanda and her band encouraged people to dress up for their shows. They " +"consciously cultivated a feeling of belonging to their <quote>weird little " +"family.</quote>" msgstr "" "«Cuando confias en la gente, decidida y radicalmente, no solo te cuidan, se " "vuelven tus aliados, tu familia,» ella escribió. Existe un sentimiento de " @@ -15121,15 +16368,24 @@ msgstr "" "a su «pequeña familia rara.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for " +#| "every creator. “I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " +#| "person who loves cavorting with strangers,” Amanda said. “I recognize " +#| "that it’s not necessarily everyone’s idea of a good time. Everyone does " +#| "it differently. Replicating what I have done won’t work for others if it " +#| "isn’t joyful to them. It’s about finding a way to channel energy in a way " +#| "that is joyful to you.”" msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " -"creator. “I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of person " -"who loves cavorting with strangers,” Amanda said. “I recognize that it’s not " -"necessarily everyone’s idea of a good time. Everyone does it differently. " -"Replicating what I have done won’t work for others if it isn’t joyful to " -"them. It’s about finding a way to channel energy in a way that is joyful to " -"you.”" +"creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " +"person who loves cavorting with strangers,</quote> Amanda said. <quote>I " +"recognize that it’s not necessarily everyone’s idea of a good time. Everyone " +"does it differently. Replicating what I have done won’t work for others if " +"it isn’t joyful to them. It’s about finding a way to channel energy in a way " +"that is joyful to you.</quote>" msgstr "" "Este tipo de intimidad con los fans no es posible o incluso deseable para " "cualquier creador. «No doy por hecho que yo sea el tipo de persona que guste " @@ -15140,7 +16396,7 @@ msgstr "" "en una forma que sea placentera para tí.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -15165,14 +16421,24 @@ msgstr "" "Comineza con el arte y entonces el nexo se fortalece con la conexión humana." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and " +#| "maintain this connection. “It sounds so corny,” she said, “but my " +#| "experience in forty years on this planet has pointed me to an obvious " +#| "truth—that connection with human beings feels so much better and more " +#| "fulfilling than approaching art through a capitalist lens. There is no " +#| "more satisfying end goal than having someone tell you that what you do is " +#| "genuinely of value to them.”" msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " -"this connection. “It sounds so corny,” she said, “but my experience in forty " -"years on this planet has pointed me to an obvious truth—that connection with " -"human beings feels so much better and more fulfilling than approaching art " -"through a capitalist lens. There is no more satisfying end goal than having " -"someone tell you that what you do is genuinely of value to them.”" +"this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " +"experience in forty years on this planet has pointed me to an obvious truth—" +"that connection with human beings feels so much better and more fulfilling " +"than approaching art through a capitalist lens. There is no more satisfying " +"end goal than having someone tell you that what you do is genuinely of value " +"to them.</quote>" msgstr "" "Para Amanda, el punto de ser una artista es establecer y mantener esta " "conexión. «Suena muy cursi,» dice ella,«pero mi experiencia en cuarenta años " @@ -15183,7 +16449,7 @@ msgstr "" "ellos.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -15202,12 +16468,12 @@ msgstr "" "a la gente a ayudarla, los deja hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "PLOS (Biblioteca pública de ciencia)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -15218,40 +16484,34 @@ msgstr "" "y otra literatura científica. Fundada en el 2000 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7383 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Revenue model: charging content creators an author processing charge to " -#| "be featured in the journal" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ingresos: cobrar a los creadores de contenido un cargo por " -"procesamiento de autor para ser incluido en la revista" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: cobrar a los " +"creadores de contenido un cargo por procesamiento de autor para ser incluido " +"en la revista" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7389 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: March 7, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 7 de marzo, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 7 de marzo, 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: Louise Page, publisher" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" -msgstr "Entrevistado: Louise Page, Editor" +msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Louise Page, Editor" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -15280,7 +16540,7 @@ msgstr "" "Attribution (CC BY)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -15303,7 +16563,7 @@ msgstr "" "quieran leer la revista especializada o un artículo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -15327,7 +16587,7 @@ msgstr "" "la investigación y avance del campo. Era tiempo para un nuevo modelo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -15352,7 +16612,7 @@ msgstr "" "publicación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -15377,16 +16637,7 @@ msgstr "" "logitud de palabras, figuras, u otros elementos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7460 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " -#| "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " -#| "that collectively recovers costs. For PLOS’s journals in biology, " -#| "medicine, genetics, computational biology, neglected tropical diseases, " -#| "and pathogens, the article-processing charge ranges from \\$2,250 to \\" -#| "$2,900. Article-publication charges for PLOS ONE, a journal started in " -#| "2006, are just under \\$1,500." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -15401,12 +16652,12 @@ msgstr "" "determinar un costo por artículo que colectivamente recupere los costos. " "Para las revistas especializadas de PLOS en biología, medicina, genética, " "biología computacional, enfermedades tropicales descuidadas, y patógenos, el " -"cobro pro procesamiento por artículo va de \\$2,250 a \\$2,900. Los cobros " -"de publicación por artículo para PLOS ONE, una revista especializada que " -"comenzó en 2006, son debajo de los \\$1,500." +"cobro pro procesamiento por artículo va de $2,250 a $2,900. Los cobros de " +"publicación por artículo para PLOS ONE, una revista especializada que " +"comenzó en 2006, son debajo de los $1,500." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7469 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -15418,7 +16669,7 @@ msgstr "" "procesamiento por artículo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -15452,7 +16703,7 @@ msgstr "" "su trabajo para publicación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -15469,7 +16720,7 @@ msgstr "" "cómo debería ser publicado y difundido el contenido de investigación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -15481,7 +16732,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponibilidad de datos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -15500,7 +16751,7 @@ msgstr "" "opciones en donde publicar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -15514,7 +16765,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluso cuando ellas son relativamente nuevas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -15532,7 +16783,7 @@ msgstr "" "generan más descubrimientos y citas a los autores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -15548,7 +16799,7 @@ msgstr "" "de acceso abierto inicial, o que cualquiera." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -15595,7 +16846,7 @@ msgstr "" "lo referente a la ciencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -15607,7 +16858,7 @@ msgstr "" "cambiar la práctica actual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -15621,7 +16872,7 @@ msgstr "" "más tiempo requerirá inevitablemente el tiempo de aprobación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -15645,7 +16896,7 @@ msgstr "" "limitados al autor y la editorial." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -15659,7 +16910,7 @@ msgstr "" "de la investigación se reinventa alrededor del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -15694,7 +16945,7 @@ msgstr "" "los investigadores no tienen mucho tiempo para comentar los preprints." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -15714,29 +16965,17 @@ msgstr "" "transformaciones." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7620 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " -#| "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel " -#| "like drinking from a fire hose. To help mitigate this, PLOS aggregates " -#| "and curates content from PLOS journals and their network of blogs.1 It " -#| "also offers something called Article-Level Metrics, which helps users " -#| "assess research most relevant to the field itself, based on indicators " -#| "like usage, citations, social bookmarking and dissemination activity, " -#| "media and blog coverage, discussions, and ratings.2 Louise believes that " -#| "the journal model could evolve to provide a more friendly and interactive " -#| "user experience, including a way for readers to communicate with authors." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -15754,17 +16993,18 @@ msgstr "" "especializadas son introducidas, más y más información es empujada a los " "lectores; haciendo a la experiencia como beber de una manguera contra " "incendios. Para ayudar a mitigar esto, PLOS agrega y cura el contenido de " -"las revistas especializadas PLOS y de su red de blogs. 1 También ofrece algo " -"llamado métricas artículo-nivel, las que ayudan al usuario a evaluar las " -"investigaciones más relevantes para el campo mísmo, basadas en indicadores " -"como uso, citas, marcadores sociales y diseminación de la actividad, medios " -"y cubrimiento por blogs, discusiones, e índices de audiencias. 2 Louise cree " -"que el modelo de revista especializada puede evolucionar para proveer una " -"experiencia de uso más amigable e interactiva, incluyendo una via para los " -"lectores para comunicarse con los autores." +"las revistas especializadas PLOS y de su red de blogs.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> También ofrece algo llamado métricas artículo-nivel, " +"las que ayudan al usuario a evaluar las investigaciones más relevantes para " +"el campo mísmo, basadas en indicadores como uso, citas, marcadores sociales " +"y diseminación de la actividad, medios y cubrimiento por blogs, discusiones, " +"e índices de audiencias.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Louise " +"cree que el modelo de revista especializada puede evolucionar para proveer " +"una experiencia de uso más amigable e interactiva, incluyendo una via para " +"los lectores para comunicarse con los autores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -15784,7 +17024,7 @@ msgstr "" "experimentación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -15804,7 +17044,7 @@ msgstr "" "135,000 articulos de calidad para su lectura sin costo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -15815,60 +17055,53 @@ msgstr "" "reproducible para el avance de la ciencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "Rijksmuseum" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" "El Rijksmuseum es un museo nacional holandés dedicado al arte y a la " -"historia. Fundado en 1800 en Holanda (Países Bajos)." +"historia. Fundado en 1800 en Holanda (Países Bajos)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7668 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Revenue model: grants and government funding, charging for in-person " -#| "version (museum admission), selling merchandise" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " "merchandise" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ingresos: subvenciones y financiamiento gubernamental, cobro de " -"entrada por persona (entrada al museo), venta de mercancía" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: subvenciones y " +"financiamiento gubernamental, cobro de entrada por persona (entrada al " +"museo), venta de mercancía" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: December 11, 2015" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 11 de diciembre, 2015" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 11 de " +"diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Interviewee: Lizzy Jongma, the data manager of the collections " -#| "information department" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" -"Entrevistada: Lizzy Jongma, Gerente de Datos del Departamento de Información " -"sobre Colecciones" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistada</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, Gerente de " +"Datos del Departamento de Información sobre Colecciones" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -15898,7 +17131,7 @@ msgstr "" "modelo para el museo, más abierto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -15926,7 +17159,7 @@ msgstr "" "un catálogo de fichas de toda la colección en línea." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -15944,25 +17177,12 @@ msgstr "" "toda la colección en línea?" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7722 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " -#| "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.1 As an online portal " -#| "to museum collections all across Europe, Europeana had become an " -#| "important online platform. In October 2010 Creative Commons released CC0 " -#| "and its public-domain mark as tools people could use to identify works as " -#| "free of known copyright. Europeana was the first major adopter, using CC0 " -#| "to release metadata about their collection and the public domain mark for " -#| "millions of digital works in their collection. Lizzy says the Rijksmuseum " -#| "initially found this change in business practice a bit scary, but at the " -#| "same time it stimulated even more discussion on whether the Rijksmuseum " -#| "should follow suit." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -15977,20 +17197,32 @@ msgid "" "discussion on whether the Rijksmuseum should follow suit." msgstr "" "Luego, dice Lizzy, llegó Europeana. Europeana es la biblioteca, museo y " -"archivo digital del patrimonio cultural de Europa. Como portal en línea de " -"las colecciones de los museos alrededor de Europa, Europeana se había vuelto " -"una plataforma en línea importante. En 2010, Creative Commons lanzó la " -"licencia CC0 y su marca del dominio público como herramientas que la gente " -"podía utilizar para identificar obras de las que se conociera que estaban " -"libres de derecho de autor. Lizzy dice que inicialmente el Rijksmuseum " -"sintió un poco de miedo de este cambio en la forma de gestionar el museo, " -"pero al mismo tiempo estimuló aún más discusiones sobre si el Rijksmuseum " -"debería seguir el ejemplo." - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7736 -msgid "" -"They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t " +"archivo digital del patrimonio cultural de Europa.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Como portal en línea de las colecciones de los " +"museos alrededor de Europa, Europeana se había vuelto una plataforma en " +"línea importante. En 2010, Creative Commons lanzó la licencia CC0 y su marca " +"del dominio público como herramientas que la gente podía utilizar para " +"identificar obras de las que se conociera que estaban libres de derecho de " +"autor. Lizzy dice que inicialmente el Rijksmuseum sintió un poco de miedo de " +"este cambio en la forma de gestionar el museo, pero al mismo tiempo estimuló " +"aún más discusiones sobre si el Rijksmuseum debería seguir el ejemplo." + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t " +#| "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive " +#| "licensing terms they currently had in place. For example, many copies and " +#| "versions of Vermeer’s Milkmaid (part of their collection) were already " +#| "online, many of them of very poor quality. They could spend time and " +#| "money policing its use, but it would probably be futile and wouldn’t make " +#| "people stop using their images online. They ended up thinking it’s an " +#| "utter waste of time to hunt down people who use the Rijksmuseum " +#| "collection. And anyway, restricting access meant the people they were " +#| "frustrating the most were schoolkids." +msgid "" +"They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " "terms they currently had in place. For example, many copies and versions of " "Vermeer’s Milkmaid (part of their collection) were already online, many of " @@ -16013,7 +17245,7 @@ msgstr "" "escolar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -16041,7 +17273,7 @@ msgstr "" "hacer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -16063,7 +17295,20 @@ msgstr "" "objetivo de eventualmente tener toda la colección en Internet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" +#| "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of " +#| "Vermeer’s Milkmaid, for example, is downloaded two to three thousand " +#| "times a month. On the Internet, images from a source like the Rijksmuseum " +#| "are more trusted, and releasing them with a Creative Commons CC0 means " +#| "they can easily be found in other platforms. For example, Rijksmuseum " +#| "images are now used in thousands of Wikipedia articles, receiving ten to " +#| "eleven million views per month. This extends Rijksmuseum’s reach far " +#| "beyond the scope of its website. Sharing these images online creates what " +#| "Lizzy calls the “Mona Lisa effect,” where a work of art becomes so famous " +#| "that people want to see it in real life by visiting the actual museum." msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -16073,9 +17318,9 @@ msgid "" "found in other platforms. For example, Rijksmuseum images are now used in " "thousands of Wikipedia articles, receiving ten to eleven million views per " "month. This extends Rijksmuseum’s reach far beyond the scope of its website. " -"Sharing these images online creates what Lizzy calls the “Mona Lisa effect,” " -"where a work of art becomes so famous that people want to see it in real " -"life by visiting the actual museum." +"Sharing these images online creates what Lizzy calls the <quote>Mona Lisa " +"effect,</quote> where a work of art becomes so famous that people want to " +"see it in real life by visiting the actual museum." msgstr "" "Liberar estas imágenes de alta calidad de manera gratuita redujo el número " "de imágenes de baja calidad que proliferaban por Internet. La imagen de alta " @@ -16091,7 +17336,7 @@ msgstr "" "que la gente quiere verla en la vida real visitando de hecho el museo real." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -16108,7 +17353,7 @@ msgstr "" "una forma de generar ingresos, incluso para el Rijksmuseum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -16134,12 +17379,12 @@ msgstr "" "proviene la imagen y esto incrementa la visibilidad del Museo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7817 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -16153,18 +17398,29 @@ msgstr "" "cualquier otro museo. Además de rediseñar su sitio principal para ser " "amigable a los celulares y responsivo a los dispositivos tales como el iPad, " "el Museo también creó el Rijksstudio, donde los usuarios y los artistas " -"pueden utilizar y hacer varias cosas con la colección del Rijksmuseum.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"pueden utilizar y hacer varias cosas con la colección del Rijksmuseum." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-" +#| "quality digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users " +#| "can zoom in to any work and even clip small parts of images they like. " +#| "Rijksstudio is a bit like Pinterest. You can “like” works and compile " +#| "your personal favorites, and you can share them with friends or download " +#| "them free of charge. All the images in the Rijksstudio are copyright and " +#| "royalty free, and users are encouraged to use them as they like, for " +#| "private or even commercial purposes." msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " "in to any work and even clip small parts of images they like. Rijksstudio is " -"a bit like Pinterest. You can “like” works and compile your personal " -"favorites, and you can share them with friends or download them free of " -"charge. All the images in the Rijksstudio are copyright and royalty free, " -"and users are encouraged to use them as they like, for private or even " +"a bit like Pinterest. You can <quote>like</quote> works and compile your " +"personal favorites, and you can share them with friends or download them " +"free of charge. All the images in the Rijksstudio are copyright and royalty " +"free, and users are encouraged to use them as they like, for private or even " "commercial purposes." msgstr "" "El Rijksstudio da acceso a alrededor de doscientas mil representaciones " @@ -16178,7 +17434,7 @@ msgstr "" "quieran, para fines privados o incluso comerciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -16192,7 +17448,7 @@ msgstr "" "escolares." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -16214,7 +17470,7 @@ msgstr "" "público, pero dentro de los límites establecidos por los artistas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7858 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" @@ -16223,18 +17479,7 @@ msgstr "" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. " -#| "The line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, " -#| "even Rembrandt was commercial, making his livelihood from selling his " -#| "paintings. The Rijksmuseum encourages entrepreneurial commercial use of " -#| "the images in Rijksstudio. They’ve even partnered with the DIY " -#| "marketplace Etsy to inspire people to sell their creations. One great " -#| "example you can find on Etsy is a kimono designed by Angie Johnson, who " -#| "used an image of an elaborate cabinet along with an oil painting by Jan " -#| "Asselijn called The Threatened Swan.3" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -16254,10 +17499,10 @@ msgstr "" "a la gente a vender sus creaciones. Un ejemplo genial que se puede encontrar " "en Etsy es un kimono diseñado por Angie Johnson, que utilizó una imagen de " "un armario elaborado junto con una pintura al óleo de Jan Asselijn llamada " -"\"El cisne amenazado\".3" +"\"El cisne amenazado\".<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -16270,7 +17515,7 @@ msgstr "" "award-2015\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" @@ -16279,21 +17524,7 @@ msgstr "" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7861 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " -#| "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.4 With the call to action " -#| "Make Your Own Masterpiece, the competition invites the public to use " -#| "Rijksstudio images to make new creative designs. A jury of renowned " -#| "designers and curators selects ten finalists and three winners. The final " -#| "award comes with a prize of €10,000. The second edition in 2015 attracted " -#| "a staggering 892 top-class entries. Some award winners end up with their " -#| "work sold through the Rijksmuseum store, such as the 2014 entry featuring " -#| "makeup based on a specific color scheme of a work of art.5 The " -#| "Rijksmuseum has been thrilled with the results. Entries range from the " -#| "fun to the weird to the inspirational. The third international edition of " -#| "the Rijksstudio Award started in September 2016." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -16310,21 +17541,22 @@ msgid "" "Rijksstudio Award started in September 2016." msgstr "" "En 2013, el Rijksmuseum organizó su primera competencia de diseño de alto " -"perfil, conocida como el Premio Rijksstudio.4 Con el llamado a la acción de " -"\"Haz tu propia obra maestra\", la competencia invita al público a utilizar " -"las imágenes del Rijksstudio para hacer nuevos diseños creativos. Un jurado " -"de reconocidos diseñadores y curadores selecciona diez finalistas y tres " -"ganadores. El premio final es de 10,000 euros. La segunda edición en 2015 " -"atrajo un impactante número de 892 entradas de primer nivel. Algunos de los " -"ganadores del premio terminaron con su obra siendo vendida a través de la " -"tienda del Rijksmuseum, tal como la entrada de 2014 protagonizando un " -"maquillaje basado en el esquema de colores específico de una obra de arte.5 " -"El Rijksmuseum está emocionado con los resultados. Los candidatos van desde " -"lo divertido a lo extraño a lo inspiracional. La tercera edición " -"internacional del Premio Rijksstudio comenzó en septiembre de 2016." - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7880 +"perfil, conocida como el Premio Rijksstudio.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/> Con el llamado a la acción de \"Haz tu propia obra maestra\", la " +"competencia invita al público a utilizar las imágenes del Rijksstudio para " +"hacer nuevos diseños creativos. Un jurado de reconocidos diseñadores y " +"curadores selecciona diez finalistas y tres ganadores. El premio final es de " +"10,000 euros. La segunda edición en 2015 atrajo un impactante número de 892 " +"entradas de primer nivel. Algunos de los ganadores del premio terminaron con " +"su obra siendo vendida a través de la tienda del Rijksmuseum, tal como la " +"entrada de 2014 protagonizando un maquillaje basado en el esquema de colores " +"específico de una obra de arte.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> El " +"Rijksmuseum está emocionado con los resultados. Los candidatos van desde lo " +"divertido a lo extraño a lo inspiracional. La tercera edición internacional " +"del Premio Rijksstudio comenzó en septiembre de 2016." + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -16336,7 +17568,7 @@ msgstr "" "usuarios puedan interactuar más entre sí." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7886 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -16353,7 +17585,7 @@ msgstr "" "mil visitas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -16379,23 +17611,41 @@ msgstr "" "pintura." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They " +#| "came up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful " +#| "things people might do with the museum’s works. But Lizzy says those " +#| "fears did not come true because “ninety-nine percent of people have " +#| "respect for great art.” Many museums think they can make a lot of money " +#| "by selling things related to their collection. But in Lizzy’s " +#| "experience, museums are usually bad at selling things, and sometimes " +#| "efforts to generate a small amount of money block something much bigger—" +#| "the real value that the collection has. For Lizzy, clinging to small " +#| "amounts of revenue is being penny-wise but pound-foolish. For the " +#| "Rijksmuseum, a key lesson has been to never lose sight of its vision for " +#| "the collection. Allowing access to and use of their collection has " +#| "generated great promotional value—far more than the previous practice of " +#| "charging fees for access and use. Lizzy sums up their experience: “Give " +#| "away; get something in return. Generosity makes people happy to join you " +#| "and help out.”" msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " "people might do with the museum’s works. But Lizzy says those fears did not " -"come true because “ninety-nine percent of people have respect for great " -"art.” Many museums think they can make a lot of money by selling things " -"related to their collection. But in Lizzy’s experience, museums are usually " -"bad at selling things, and sometimes efforts to generate a small amount of " -"money block something much bigger—the real value that the collection has. " -"For Lizzy, clinging to small amounts of revenue is being penny-wise but " -"pound-foolish. For the Rijksmuseum, a key lesson has been to never lose " -"sight of its vision for the collection. Allowing access to and use of their " -"collection has generated great promotional value—far more than the previous " -"practice of charging fees for access and use. Lizzy sums up their " -"experience: “Give away; get something in return. Generosity makes people " -"happy to join you and help out.”" +"come true because <quote>ninety-nine percent of people have respect for " +"great art.</quote> Many museums think they can make a lot of money by " +"selling things related to their collection. But in Lizzy’s experience, " +"museums are usually bad at selling things, and sometimes efforts to generate " +"a small amount of money block something much bigger—the real value that the " +"collection has. For Lizzy, clinging to small amounts of revenue is being " +"penny-wise but pound-foolish. For the Rijksmuseum, a key lesson has been to " +"never lose sight of its vision for the collection. Allowing access to and " +"use of their collection has generated great promotional value—far more than " +"the previous practice of charging fees for access and use. Lizzy sums up " +"their experience: <quote>Give away; get something in return. Generosity " +"makes people happy to join you and help out.</quote>" msgstr "" "Para el Rijksmuseum, adoptar un modelo de negocios abierto les daba miedo. " "Elaboraron varios escenarios del \"peor caso\", imaginando todo tipo de " @@ -16415,12 +17665,12 @@ msgstr "" "generosidad hace que la gente esté feliz de acompañarte y ayudarte.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "Shareable" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" @@ -16428,50 +17678,56 @@ msgstr "" "E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7935 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7937 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Revenue model: grant funding, crowdfunding (project-based), donations, " -#| "sponsorships" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ingresos: subsidios, financiamiento comunitario ( basado en " -"proyectos), donaciones, patrocinios" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: subsidios, " +"financiamiento comunitario ( basado en proyectos), donaciones, patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7940 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: February 24, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 24 de febrero, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 24 de febrero, " +"2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7943 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder and executive editor" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" -msgstr "Entrevistado: Neal Gorenflo, cofundador y editor ejecutivo" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofundador " +"y editor ejecutivo" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7951 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " +#| "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " +#| "watched one part of the movement stray from its ideals. As giants like " +#| "Uber and Airbnb gained ground, attention began to center on the “sharing " +#| "economy” we know now—profit-driven, transactional, and loaded with " +#| "venture-capital money. Leaders of corporate start-ups in this domain " +#| "invited Shareable to advocate for them. The magazine faced a choice: ride " +#| "the wave or stand on principle." msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " "watched one part of the movement stray from its ideals. As giants like Uber " -"and Airbnb gained ground, attention began to center on the “sharing economy” " -"we know now—profit-driven, transactional, and loaded with venture-capital " -"money. Leaders of corporate start-ups in this domain invited Shareable to " -"advocate for them. The magazine faced a choice: ride the wave or stand on " -"principle." +"and Airbnb gained ground, attention began to center on the <quote>sharing " +"economy</quote> we know now—profit-driven, transactional, and loaded with " +"venture-capital money. Leaders of corporate start-ups in this domain invited " +"Shareable to advocate for them. The magazine faced a choice: ride the wave " +"or stand on principle." msgstr "" "En el 2013, Shareable enfrentó a un impasse. La publicación enlinea sin " "ánimo de lucro había ayudado a comenzar un movimiento colaborativo en los " @@ -16485,7 +17741,18 @@ msgstr "" "principios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7962 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In " +#| "2013, the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion " +#| "piece in the PandoDaily that charted Shareable’s new critical stance on " +#| "the Silicon Valley version of the sharing economy, while contrasting it " +#| "with aspects of the real sharing economy like open-source software, " +#| "participatory budgeting (where citizens decide how a public budget is " +#| "spent), cooperatives, and more. He wrote, “It’s not so much that " +#| "collaborative consumption is dead, it’s more that it risks dying as it " +#| "gets absorbed by the ‘Borg.’”" msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -16493,8 +17760,9 @@ msgid "" "Valley version of the sharing economy, while contrasting it with aspects of " "the real sharing economy like open-source software, participatory budgeting " "(where citizens decide how a public budget is spent), cooperatives, and " -"more. He wrote, “It’s not so much that collaborative consumption is dead, " -"it’s more that it risks dying as it gets absorbed by the ‘Borg.’”" +"more. He wrote, <quote>It’s not so much that collaborative consumption is " +"dead, it’s more that it risks dying as it gets absorbed by the <quote>Borg.</" +"quote></quote>" msgstr "" "Como organización, Shareable decidió establecer su posición. En 2013, el " "cofundador y editor ejecutivo Neal Gorenflo escribió una opinión en el " @@ -16507,14 +17775,22 @@ msgstr "" "acerca del riesgo de morir mientras es absorbido por los «Borg».»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " +#| "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " +#| "around had they chosen differently. “We would have gotten another type of " +#| "audience, but it would have spelled the end of us,” he said. “We are a " +#| "small, mission-driven organization. We would never have been able to " +#| "weather the criticism that Airbnb and Uber are getting now.”" msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " -"around had they chosen differently. “We would have gotten another type of " -"audience, but it would have spelled the end of us,” he said. “We are a " -"small, mission-driven organization. We would never have been able to weather " -"the criticism that Airbnb and Uber are getting now.”" +"around had they chosen differently. <quote>We would have gotten another type " +"of audience, but it would have spelled the end of us,</quote> he said. " +"<quote>We are a small, mission-driven organization. We would never have been " +"able to weather the criticism that Airbnb and Uber are getting now.</quote>" msgstr "" "Neal dice que su crítica pública de la economía colaborativa corporativa " "definió lo que Shareable era y es. El piensa que la revista no estaría en el " @@ -16524,7 +17800,17 @@ msgstr "" "capaces de soportar las críticas que Airbnb y Uber estan teniendo ahora.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of " +#| "Shareable’s total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a " +#| "Shareable story because it happens to align with a project or interest " +#| "they have. But choosing principles over the possibility of riding the " +#| "coattails of the major corporate players in the sharing space saved " +#| "Shareable’s credibility. Although they became detached from the corporate " +#| "sharing economy, the online magazine became the voice of the “real " +#| "sharing economy” and continued to grow their audience." msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -16532,8 +17818,8 @@ msgid "" "choosing principles over the possibility of riding the coattails of the " "major corporate players in the sharing space saved Shareable’s credibility. " "Although they became detached from the corporate sharing economy, the online " -"magazine became the voice of the “real sharing economy” and continued to " -"grow their audience." +"magazine became the voice of the <quote>real sharing economy</quote> and " +"continued to grow their audience." msgstr "" "Interesantemente, los seguidores desapasionados son sólo una pequeña " "porción de la audiencia total de Shareable. La mayoría son lectores " @@ -16546,16 +17832,27 @@ msgstr "" "creciendo su audiencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " +#| "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " +#| "became a leader in the movement in 2009. “At that time, there was a " +#| "sharing movement bubbling beneath the surface, but no one was connecting " +#| "the dots,” Neal said. “We decided to step into that space and take on " +#| "that role.” The small team behind the nonprofit publication truly " +#| "believed sharing could be central to solving some of the major problems " +#| "human beings face—resource inequality, social isolation, and global " +#| "warming." msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " -"became a leader in the movement in 2009. “At that time, there was a sharing " -"movement bubbling beneath the surface, but no one was connecting the dots,” " -"Neal said. “We decided to step into that space and take on that role.” The " -"small team behind the nonprofit publication truly believed sharing could be " -"central to solving some of the major problems human beings face—resource " -"inequality, social isolation, and global warming." +"became a leader in the movement in 2009. <quote>At that time, there was a " +"sharing movement bubbling beneath the surface, but no one was connecting the " +"dots,</quote> Neal said. <quote>We decided to step into that space and take " +"on that role.</quote> The small team behind the nonprofit publication truly " +"believed sharing could be central to solving some of the major problems " +"human beings face—resource inequality, social isolation, and global warming." msgstr "" "Shareable es una revista, pero el contenido que publican es un medio para " "promover su rol como líder y catalizador del movimiento. Shareable se volvió " @@ -16568,16 +17865,26 @@ msgstr "" "de recursos, aislamientos sociales, y calentamiento global." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " +#| "metrics for success. “We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes " +#| "the good life,” Neal said. While they started out with a very broad focus " +#| "on sharing generally, today they emphasize stories about the physical " +#| "commons like “sharing cities” (i.e., urban areas managed in a " +#| "sustainable, cooperative way), as well as digital platforms that are run " +#| "democratically. They particularly focus on how-to content that help their " +#| "readers make changes in their own lives and communities." msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " -"metrics for success. “We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes the " -"good life,” Neal said. While they started out with a very broad focus on " -"sharing generally, today they emphasize stories about the physical commons " -"like “sharing cities” (i.e., urban areas managed in a sustainable, " -"cooperative way), as well as digital platforms that are run democratically. " -"They particularly focus on how-to content that help their readers make " -"changes in their own lives and communities." +"metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " +"constitutes the good life,</quote> Neal said. While they started out with a " +"very broad focus on sharing generally, today they emphasize stories about " +"the physical commons like <quote>sharing cities</quote> (i.e., urban areas " +"managed in a sustainable, cooperative way), as well as digital platforms " +"that are run democratically. They particularly focus on how-to content that " +"help their readers make changes in their own lives and communities." msgstr "" "Han trabajado duro para hallar vias para contar historias que exhiban " "diferentes medidas para triunfar. «Queríamos cambiar la noción de lo que " @@ -16590,19 +17897,32 @@ msgstr "" "lectores a realizar cambios en sus propias vidas y comunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists " +#| "that are contracted by the magazine. “Particularly in content areas that " +#| "are a priority for us, we really want to go deep and control the " +#| "quality,” Neal said. The rest of the content is either contributed by " +#| "guest writers, often for free, or written by other publications from " +#| "their network of content publishers. Shareable is a member of the Post " +#| "Growth Alliance, which facilitates the sharing of content and audiences " +#| "among a large and growing group of mostly nonprofits. Each organization " +#| "gets a chance to present stories to the group, and the organizations can " +#| "use and promote each other’s stories. Much of the content created by the " +#| "network is licensed with Creative Commons." msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " -"are contracted by the magazine. “Particularly in content areas that are a " -"priority for us, we really want to go deep and control the quality,” Neal " -"said. The rest of the content is either contributed by guest writers, often " -"for free, or written by other publications from their network of content " -"publishers. Shareable is a member of the Post Growth Alliance, which " -"facilitates the sharing of content and audiences among a large and growing " -"group of mostly nonprofits. Each organization gets a chance to present " -"stories to the group, and the organizations can use and promote each other’s " -"stories. Much of the content created by the network is licensed with " -"Creative Commons." +"are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " +"are a priority for us, we really want to go deep and control the quality,</" +"quote> Neal said. The rest of the content is either contributed by guest " +"writers, often for free, or written by other publications from their network " +"of content publishers. Shareable is a member of the Post Growth Alliance, " +"which facilitates the sharing of content and audiences among a large and " +"growing group of mostly nonprofits. Each organization gets a chance to " +"present stories to the group, and the organizations can use and promote each " +"other’s stories. Much of the content created by the network is licensed " +"with Creative Commons." msgstr "" "Más de la mitad de las historias en Shareable son escritas por periodístas " "que son contratados por la revista.«Particularmente en áreas cuyo contenido " @@ -16618,18 +17938,32 @@ msgstr "" "Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " +#| "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit " +#| "is given to Shareable. Creative Commons licensing is aligned with " +#| "Shareable’s vision, mission, and identity. That alone explains the " +#| "organization’s embrace of the licenses for their content, but Neal also " +#| "believes CC licensing helps them increase their reach. “By using CC " +#| "licensing,” he said, “we realized we could reach far more people through " +#| "a formal and informal network of republishers or affiliates. That has " +#| "definitely been the case. It’s hard for us to measure the reach of other " +#| "media properties, but most of the outlets who republish our work have " +#| "much bigger audiences than we do.”" msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " "given to Shareable. Creative Commons licensing is aligned with Shareable’s " "vision, mission, and identity. That alone explains the organization’s " "embrace of the licenses for their content, but Neal also believes CC " -"licensing helps them increase their reach. “By using CC licensing,” he said, " -"“we realized we could reach far more people through a formal and informal " -"network of republishers or affiliates. That has definitely been the case. " -"It’s hard for us to measure the reach of other media properties, but most of " -"the outlets who republish our work have much bigger audiences than we do.”" +"licensing helps them increase their reach. <quote>By using CC licensing,</" +"quote> he said, <quote>we realized we could reach far more people through a " +"formal and informal network of republishers or affiliates. That has " +"definitely been the case. It’s hard for us to measure the reach of other " +"media properties, but most of the outlets who republish our work have much " +"bigger audiences than we do.</quote>" msgstr "" "Todo el contenido original de Shareable es publicado bajo la licencia " "Attibution (CC BY), lo que significa que puede ser usado para cualquier " @@ -16645,7 +17979,7 @@ msgstr "" "tienen audiencias más grandes que las nuestras.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -16665,7 +17999,7 @@ msgstr "" "web." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -16679,7 +18013,7 @@ msgstr "" "siguientes campañas de recaudación de fondos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8061 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -16699,17 +18033,28 @@ msgstr "" "comunidad representará mejor su visión del mundo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This " +#| "is true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. “We " +#| "attract passionate people,” Neal said. At times, that means employees " +#| "work so hard they burn out. Neal tries to stress to the Shareable team " +#| "that another part of success is having fun and taking care of yourself " +#| "while you do something you love. “A central part of human beings is that " +#| "we long to be on a great adventure with people we love,” he said. “We are " +#| "a species who look over the horizon and imagine and create new worlds, " +#| "but we also seek the comfort of hearth and home.”" msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " -"true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. “We attract " -"passionate people,” Neal said. At times, that means employees work so hard " -"they burn out. Neal tries to stress to the Shareable team that another part " -"of success is having fun and taking care of yourself while you do something " -"you love. “A central part of human beings is that we long to be on a great " -"adventure with people we love,” he said. “We are a species who look over the " -"horizon and imagine and create new worlds, but we also seek the comfort of " -"hearth and home.”" +"true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " +"attract passionate people,</quote> Neal said. At times, that means " +"employees work so hard they burn out. Neal tries to stress to the Shareable " +"team that another part of success is having fun and taking care of yourself " +"while you do something you love. <quote>A central part of human beings is " +"that we long to be on a great adventure with people we love,</quote> he " +"said. <quote>We are a species who look over the horizon and imagine and " +"create new worlds, but we also seek the comfort of hearth and home.</quote>" msgstr "" "Para Shareable, el éxito es mucho acerca de su impacto en el mundo. Esto es " "ciento para Neal, pero también para cualquiera que trabaje para Shareable. « " @@ -16722,7 +18067,7 @@ msgstr "" "también buscamos el bienestar del hogar y el corazón.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " @@ -16730,17 +18075,17 @@ msgstr "" #| "spectacularly. They called in their advisers in a panic and asked for " #| "help. The advice they received was simple—“Sit your ass in a chair and " #| "start making calls.” That’s exactly what they did, and they ended up " -#| "reaching their \\$50,000 goal. Neal said the campaign helped them reach " -#| "new people, but the vast majority of backers were people in their " -#| "existing base." +#| "reaching their $50,000 goal. Neal said the campaign helped them reach new " +#| "people, but the vast majority of backers were people in their existing " +#| "base." msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " "spectacularly. They called in their advisers in a panic and asked for help. " -"The advice they received was simple—“Sit your ass in a chair and start " -"making calls.” That’s exactly what they did, and they ended up reaching " -"their $50,000 goal. Neal said the campaign helped them reach new people, but " -"the vast majority of backers were people in their existing base." +"The advice they received was simple—<quote>Sit your ass in a chair and start " +"making calls.</quote> That’s exactly what they did, and they ended up " +"reaching their $50,000 goal. Neal said the campaign helped them reach new " +"people, but the vast majority of backers were people in their existing base." msgstr "" "En 2013, Shareable comenzó su primera campaña de financiamiento comunitario " "para lanzar su _Sharing Cities Network_ (Red de Ciudades Colaborativas). " @@ -16748,12 +18093,12 @@ msgstr "" "espectacularmente. Llamaron a sus asesores en pánico y solicitaron ayuda. El " "consejo que recibieron fue simple—«Sienta tú trasero en una silla y empieza " "a realizar llamadas.» Eso fue exactamente lo que hicieron, y terminaron " -"alcanzando su meta de \\$50,000. Neal dijo que la campaña los ayudó para " +"alcanzando su meta de $50,000. Neal dijo que la campaña los ayudó para " "alcanzar nuevas personas, pero que la vasta mayoría de los participantes fue " "gente de su base existente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -16767,21 +18112,36 @@ msgstr "" "recursos en construir relaciones entre sus lectores y seguidores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to " +#| "bring the sharing community together. But over time they realized they " +#| "could reach far more people if they helped their readers to host their " +#| "own events. “If we wanted to go big on a conference, there was a huge " +#| "risk and huge staffing needs, plus only a fraction of our community could " +#| "travel to the event,” Neal said. Enabling others to create their own " +#| "events around the globe allowed them to scale up their work more " +#| "effectively and reach far more people. Shareable has catalyzed three " +#| "hundred different events reaching over twenty thousand people since " +#| "implementing this strategy three years ago. Going forward, Shareable is " +#| "focusing the network on creating and distributing content meant to spur " +#| "local action. For instance, Shareable will publish a new CC-licensed book " +#| "in 2017 filled with ideas for their network to implement." msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " -"far more people if they helped their readers to host their own events. “If " -"we wanted to go big on a conference, there was a huge risk and huge staffing " -"needs, plus only a fraction of our community could travel to the event,” " -"Neal said. Enabling others to create their own events around the globe " -"allowed them to scale up their work more effectively and reach far more " -"people. Shareable has catalyzed three hundred different events reaching over " -"twenty thousand people since implementing this strategy three years ago. " -"Going forward, Shareable is focusing the network on creating and " -"distributing content meant to spur local action. For instance, Shareable " -"will publish a new CC-licensed book in 2017 filled with ideas for their " -"network to implement." +"far more people if they helped their readers to host their own events. " +"<quote>If we wanted to go big on a conference, there was a huge risk and " +"huge staffing needs, plus only a fraction of our community could travel to " +"the event,</quote> Neal said. Enabling others to create their own events " +"around the globe allowed them to scale up their work more effectively and " +"reach far more people. Shareable has catalyzed three hundred different " +"events reaching over twenty thousand people since implementing this strategy " +"three years ago. Going forward, Shareable is focusing the network on " +"creating and distributing content meant to spur local action. For instance, " +"Shareable will publish a new CC-licensed book in 2017 filled with ideas for " +"their network to implement." msgstr "" "Shareable comenzó a realizar eventos en 2010. Estos eventos fueron " "designados para traer a la comunidad colaborativa junta. Pero durante el " @@ -16799,7 +18159,7 @@ msgstr "" "lleno de ideas para que las implemente su red." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -16813,12 +18173,12 @@ msgstr "" "sus propias comunidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "Siyavula" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -16828,35 +18188,32 @@ msgstr "" "integra experiencias de aprendizaje. Fundada en 2012 en Sudafrica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8133 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8135 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, sponsorships" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" -msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: cargos por servicios personalizados, patrocinios" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: cargos por " +"servicios personalizados, patrocinios" -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: April 5, 2016" +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 5 de abril, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 5 de abril, 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: Mark Horner, CEO" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" -msgstr "Entrevistado: Mark Horner, CEO" +msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -16872,7 +18229,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sudáfrica." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -16885,7 +18242,7 @@ msgstr "" "sobrevivir y prosperar. Mark dice que ha sido muy orgánico." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -16902,12 +18259,12 @@ msgstr "" "ponerlos disponibles libremente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -16919,14 +18276,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Como físicos, Mark y sus colegas eran partidarios del software de código " "abierto. Para hacer a los libros abiertos y gratuitos, adoptaron la licencia " -"GNU de documentación libre de la Free Software Foundation.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Escogieron " -"LaTeX, un programa de composición de texto usado para publicar documentos " -"científicos, para escribir los libros. Durante un periodo de cinco años, el " -"proyecto de libros de texto libres para nivel medio superior produjo libros " -"de matemáticas y ciencias físicas para los grados 10 al 12." +"GNU de documentación libre de la Free Software Foundation.<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Escogieron LaTeX, un programa de composición de " +"texto usado para publicar documentos científicos, para escribir los libros. " +"Durante un periodo de cinco años, el proyecto de libros de texto libres para " +"nivel medio superior produjo libros de matemáticas y ciencias físicas para " +"los grados 10 al 12." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -16943,7 +18301,7 @@ msgstr "" "este logro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -16957,21 +18315,12 @@ msgstr "" "necesidades." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " -#| "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. " -#| "One result was the Cape Town Open Education Declaration, a statement of " -#| "principles, strategies, and commitment to help the open-education " -#| "movement grow.2 Shuttleworth also invited Mark to run a project writing " -#| "open content for all subjects for K–12 in English. That project became " -#| "Siyavula." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -16985,13 +18334,13 @@ msgstr "" "activistas de la educación abierta para una reunión pequeña pero vivida en " "ciudad del Cabo. Uno de los resultados fue la declaración de educación " "abierta de la ciudad del Cabo, una declaración de principios, estrategias, y " -"compromisos para ayudar al movimiento de educación abierta para crecer. 2 " -"Shuttleworth también invitó a Mark para comenzar un proyecto escribiendo " -"contenido abierto para todos los temas del K-12 en inglés. Ese proyecto se " -"volvió Siyavula." +"compromisos para ayudar al movimiento de educación abierta para crecer." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Shuttleworth también invitó a Mark " +"para comenzar un proyecto escribiendo contenido abierto para todos los temas " +"del K-12 en inglés. Ese proyecto se volvió Siyavula." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -17007,7 +18356,7 @@ msgstr "" "mas allá de los seis libros iniciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -17035,12 +18384,12 @@ msgstr "" "esa manera estarían seguros para compartir y libres de repercusiones legales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -17054,12 +18403,12 @@ msgstr "" "los maestros fueran capaced de editar y combinar el contenido. Mark y su " "equipo tuvieron que proporcionar un formato abierto editable y herramientas " "para la edición. Terminaron colocando todos los libros que habían adquirido " -"y creado en una plataforma llamada Connexions.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Siyavula entrenó a varios " -"maestros para usar Connexions, pero probo ser demasiado complejo y los " -"libros de texto rara vez fueron editados." +"y creado en una plataforma llamada Connexions.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/> Siyavula entrenó a varios maestros para usar Connexions, pero " +"probo ser demasiado complejo y los libros de texto rara vez fueron editados." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8233 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -17073,7 +18422,7 @@ msgstr "" "un fellow de Shuttleworth." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -17091,7 +18440,7 @@ msgstr "" "funcionaron realmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8248 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -17108,7 +18457,7 @@ msgstr "" "educativos abiertos, vieron esto como una gran oportunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -17126,7 +18475,7 @@ msgstr "" "dispositivo—computadora, tableta, o teléfono móvil." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -17151,7 +18500,7 @@ msgstr "" "dentro de los libros de texto abiertos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -17164,7 +18513,7 @@ msgstr "" "dirigido únicamente a la parte más alta del mercado." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -17182,14 +18531,24 @@ msgstr "" "involuntariamente se volvió los estudiantes de bajos ingresos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " +#| "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same " +#| "number to their science site. Two-fifths of the traffic was reading on a " +#| "“feature phone” (a nonsmartphone with no apps). People on basic phones " +#| "were reading math and science on a two-inch screen at all hours of the " +#| "day. To Mark, it was quite amazing and spoke to a need they were " +#| "servicing." msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " -"to their science site. Two-fifths of the traffic was reading on a “feature " -"phone” (a nonsmartphone with no apps). People on basic phones were reading " -"math and science on a two-inch screen at all hours of the day. To Mark, it " -"was quite amazing and spoke to a need they were servicing." +"to their science site. Two-fifths of the traffic was reading on a " +"<quote>feature phone</quote> (a nonsmartphone with no apps). People on basic " +"phones were reading math and science on a two-inch screen at all hours of " +"the day. To Mark, it was quite amazing and spoke to a need they were " +"servicing." msgstr "" "El sitio de Siyavula contempló un dramático incremento en su tráfico. " "Tuvieron quinientos mil visitantes por mes a su sitio de matemáticas y la " @@ -17201,7 +18560,7 @@ msgstr "" "atendiendo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -17219,7 +18578,7 @@ msgstr "" "mercado, cuál es el precio, y que barreras para acceder hay." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -17232,7 +18591,7 @@ msgstr "" "servicio relacionado y convertir algunas personas en clientes de pago." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -17249,7 +18608,7 @@ msgstr "" "quienes cobran una y otra vez por el mismo contenido sin agregar valor." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -17272,7 +18631,7 @@ msgstr "" "se suscriben." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8337 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -17290,7 +18649,7 @@ msgstr "" "desempeño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -17306,19 +18665,12 @@ msgstr "" "para los grados 4 al 6 y depués para los grados 7 al 9." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8357 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8354 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, " -#| "Siyavula produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks " -#| "for grades 4 to 6 called Thunderbolt Kids that uses a fun comic-book " -#| "style.4 It’s a complete curriculum that also comes with teacher’s guides " -#| "and other resources." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -17328,21 +18680,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "En asociación, y patrocinado por, la fundación Sasol Inzalo, Siyavula " "produjo una serie de libros de trabajo de ciencias naturales y tecnología " -"para los grados 4 al 6 titulados Thunderbolt Kids que usa un estilo " -"divertido de cuento de cómic. Es un curriculum completo que también viene " -"con una guía de maestro y otros recursos." +"para cuarto a sexto grados titulados Thunderbolt Kids que usa un estilo " +"divertido de cuento de cómic.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Es " +"una curricula completa que también viene con una guía de maestro y otros " +"recursos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " -#| "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " -#| "nailed the production model. It cost roughly \\$150,000 to produce a book " -#| "in two languages. Sponsors liked the social-benefit aspect of textbooks " -#| "unlocked via a Creative Commons license. They also liked the exposure " -#| "their brand got. For roughly \\$150,000, their logo would be visible on " -#| "books distributed to over one million students." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -17355,14 +18699,14 @@ msgstr "" "A través de esta experiencia, Siyavula aprendió que podían conseguir " "patrocinadores para ayudar a financiar los libros de texto con lincencias " "abiertas. Ayudó que Siyavula para este tiempo había coseguido el modelo de " -"producción. Costó aproximadamente \\$150,000 producir un libro en dos " -"idiomas. A los patrocinadores les gustó el aspecto del beneficio social de " -"los libros de texto abiertos via la licencia Creative Commons. También les " -"gustó la exposición que su marca obtuvo. Por cerca de \\$150,000, su logo " -"sería visible en lobros distribuidos a más de un millon de estudiantes." +"producción. Costó aproximadamente $150,000 producir un libro en dos idiomas. " +"A los patrocinadores les gustó el aspecto del beneficio social de los libros " +"de texto abiertos via la licencia Creative Commons. También les gustó la " +"exposición que su marca obtuvo. Por cerca de $150,000, su logo sería visible " +"en lobros distribuidos a más de un millon de estudiantes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -17379,7 +18723,7 @@ msgstr "" "(CC BY), permitiendo a otros modificar y redistribuir los libros." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -17400,16 +18744,7 @@ msgstr "" "menor en el país. Pero después de una larga negociación, el gobierno se negó." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8390 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. " -#| "Providing students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or " -#| "math textbook costs around 250 rand per book (about US\\$18). Providing " -#| "the Siyavula version cost around 36 rand (about \\$2.60), a savings of " -#| "over 200 rand per book. But none of those savings were passed on to " -#| "Siyavula. In retrospect, Mark thinks this may have turned out in their " -#| "favor as it allowed them to remain independent from the government." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -17422,14 +18757,14 @@ msgstr "" "Usar los libros de Siyavula generó grandes ahorros para el gobierno. Proveer " "a los estudiantes con libro de texto publicado tradicional de ciencia o " "matemáticas para el grado 12 costaría alrededor de 250 rands por libro " -"(cerca de US\\$18). Proporcionar la versión de Siyavula costaría alrededor " -"de 36 rands (cerca de \\$2.60), un ahorro de cerca de 200 rands por libro. " -"Pero ninguno de estos ahorros fue transferido a Siyavula. En retrospectiva, " -"Mark cree que esto podría haberlos ayudado ya que les permitió mantenerse " +"(cerca de US$18). Proporcionar la versión de Siyavula costaría alrededor de " +"36 rands (cerca de $2.60), un ahorro de cerca de 200 rands por libro. Pero " +"ninguno de estos ahorros fue transferido a Siyavula. En retrospectiva, Mark " +"cree que esto podría haberlos ayudado ya que les permitió mantenerse " "independientes del gobierno." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -17445,7 +18780,7 @@ msgstr "" "potenciales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -17466,7 +18801,7 @@ msgstr "" "siendo el modelo que usa Siyavula actualmente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -17480,7 +18815,7 @@ msgstr "" "conflictiva y está en el limbo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -17496,7 +18831,7 @@ msgstr "" "Intelligent Practice recolecta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -17524,12 +18859,12 @@ msgstr "" "ambos, él y la compañía son más fuertes por eso." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8450 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "SparkFun" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -17538,38 +18873,35 @@ msgstr "" "hardware abierto. Fundada en 2003 en Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8459 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (electronics sales)" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" -"Modelo de ingresos: cobrar por copias físicas (ventas de componentes " -"electrónicos)" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: cobrar por copias " +"físicas (ventas de componentes electrónicos)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8462 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: February 29, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 29 de febrero, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 29 de febrero, " +"2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8465 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: Nathan Seidle, founder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" -msgstr "Entrevistado: Nathan Seidle, fundador" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, fundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -17584,12 +18916,18 @@ msgstr "" "hecha por alguien más. Su reacción fue de júbilo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan " +#| "said. “I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we " +#| "were never going to get access to otherwise. It was evidence of our " +#| "impact on the world.”" msgid "" -"“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan said. " -"“I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we were never " -"going to get access to otherwise. It was evidence of our impact on the " -"world.”" +"<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " +"Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " +"market we were never going to get access to otherwise. It was evidence of " +"our impact on the world.</quote>" msgstr "" "«Ser copiado es el mayor destino de adulación y éxito,» dijo Nathan. «Yo " "pensé que era tan genial que ellos estuvieran vendiendo en un mercado al que " @@ -17597,7 +18935,7 @@ msgstr "" "en el mundo.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -17615,14 +18953,24 @@ msgstr "" "por su cuenta. Ser copiados es parte del diseño." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8495 -msgid "" -"Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our " -"natural human instinct to share,” he said. But he also strongly believes it " -"makes SparkFun better at what they do. They encourage copying, and their " -"products are copied at a very fast rate, often within ten to twelve weeks of " -"release. This forces the company to compete on something other than product " -"design, or what most commonly consider their intellectual property." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our " +#| "natural human instinct to share,” he said. But he also strongly believes " +#| "it makes SparkFun better at what they do. They encourage copying, and " +#| "their products are copied at a very fast rate, often within ten to twelve " +#| "weeks of release. This forces the company to compete on something other " +#| "than product design, or what most commonly consider their intellectual " +#| "property." +msgid "" +"Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " +"our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " +"believes it makes SparkFun better at what they do. They encourage copying, " +"and their products are copied at a very fast rate, often within ten to " +"twelve weeks of release. This forces the company to compete on something " +"other than product design, or what most commonly consider their intellectual " +"property." msgstr "" "Nathan cree que el licenciamiento libre es bueno para el mundo. «Esto toca " "nuestro instinto humano de compartir,» dijo. Pero él también cree firmemente " @@ -17633,26 +18981,41 @@ msgstr "" "como propiedad intelectual." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your " +#| "territory with intellectual property allows you to get comfy and rest on " +#| "your laurels. It gives you a safety net. We took away that safety net.”" msgid "" -"“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your territory " -"with intellectual property allows you to get comfy and rest on your laurels. " -"It gives you a safety net. We took away that safety net.”" +"<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " +"<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " +"comfy and rest on your laurels. It gives you a safety net. We took away that " +"safety net.</quote>" msgstr "" "«Competimos con principios de negocio,» dijo Nathan. «Reclamar el territorio " "con propiedad intelectual permite ponerse cómodos y dormirse en los " "laureles. Da una red de seguridad. Nosotros quitamos esa red de seguridad.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " +#| "improvement. “Our products are so much better than they were five years " +#| "ago,” Nathan said. “We used to just sell products. Now it’s a product " +#| "plus a video, a seventeen-page hookup guide, and example firmware on " +#| "three different platforms to get you up and running faster. We have " +#| "gotten better because we had to in order to compete. As painful as it is " +#| "for us, it’s better for the customers.”" msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " -"improvement. “Our products are so much better than they were five years " -"ago,” Nathan said. “We used to just sell products. Now it’s a product plus a " -"video, a seventeen-page hookup guide, and example firmware on three " -"different platforms to get you up and running faster. We have gotten better " -"because we had to in order to compete. As painful as it is for us, it’s " -"better for the customers.”" +"improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " +"years ago,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>We used to just sell products. Now " +"it’s a product plus a video, a seventeen-page hookup guide, and example " +"firmware on three different platforms to get you up and running faster. We " +"have gotten better because we had to in order to compete. As painful as it " +"is for us, it’s better for the customers.</quote>" msgstr "" "El resultado es un intenso enfoque en toda la compañía hacia el desarrollo y " "mejoramiento de productos. «Nuestros productos son mucho mejores de lo que " @@ -17663,7 +19026,7 @@ msgstr "" "nosotros, es mejor para los clientes.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " @@ -17671,19 +19034,19 @@ msgstr "" #| "example code works; there is a service number to call; they ship " #| "replacement parts the day they get a service call. They invest heavily in " #| "service and support. “I don’t believe businesses should be competing with " -#| "IP \\[intellectual property\\] barriers,” Nathan said. “This is the stuff " +#| "IP [intellectual property] barriers,” Nathan said. “This is the stuff " #| "they should be competing on.”" msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " "code works; there is a service number to call; they ship replacement parts " "the day they get a service call. They invest heavily in service and support. " -"“I don’t believe businesses should be competing with IP [intellectual " -"property] barriers,” Nathan said. “This is the stuff they should be " -"competing on.”" +"<quote>I don’t believe businesses should be competing with IP [intellectual " +"property] barriers,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>This is the stuff they " +"should be competing on.</quote>" msgstr "" "Las partes de SparkFun están disponibles en eBay a precios más bajos. Pero " -"la gente viene directamente a SparkFun porque SparkFun hace sus vidas más " +"la gente acude directamente a SparkFun porque SparkFun hace sus vidas más " "fáciles. El código de ejemplo funciona, hay un número de servicio para " "llamar, envían partes de reemplazo el día que reciben una llamada de " "servicio. Invierten mucho en servicio y soporte. «Yo no creo que los " @@ -17691,7 +19054,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nathan. «Esto es con lo que deberían competir.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent " @@ -17699,37 +19062,46 @@ msgstr "" #| "realized there was a void in the market. “If you wanted to place an order " #| "for something,” he said, “you first had to search far and wide to find " #| "it, and then you had to call or fax someone.” In 2003, during his third " -#| "year of college, he registered sparkfun.com and started reselling " -#| "products out of his bedroom. After he graduated, he started making and " -#| "selling his own products." +#| "year of college, he registered <ulink url=\"http://sparkfun.com\"/> and " +#| "started reselling products out of his bedroom. After he graduated, he " +#| "started making and selling his own products." msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " -"there was a void in the market. “If you wanted to place an order for " -"something,” he said, “you first had to search far and wide to find it, and " -"then you had to call or fax someone.” In 2003, during his third year of " -"college, he registered <ulink url=\"http://sparkfun.com\"/> and started " -"reselling products out of his bedroom. After he graduated, he started making " -"and selling his own products." -msgstr "" -"La historia de la compañía de SparkFun comenzó en el dormitorio de la " +"there was a void in the market. <quote>If you wanted to place an order for " +"something,</quote> he said, <quote>you first had to search far and wide to " +"find it, and then you had to call or fax someone.</quote> In 2003, during " +"his third year of college, he registered <ulink url=\"http://sparkfun.com\"/" +"> and started reselling products out of his bedroom. After he graduated, he " +"started making and selling his own products." +msgstr "" +"La historia de la compañía SparkFun comenzó en el dormitorio de la " "universidad de Nathan. Él pasó mucho tiempo experimentando y construyendo " "componentes electrónicos, y se dio cuenta de que había un vacío en el " "mercado. «Si usted quería hacer una orden de algo,» dijo, «primero tenía que " "buscar por todas partes para encontrarlo, y luego tenía que llamar o enviar " "un fax a alguien.» En 2013, durante su tercer año de universidad, registró " -"sparkfun.com y empezó a revender productos desde su dormitorio. Después de " -"graduarse, empezó a hacer y vender sus propios productos." +"<ulink url=\"http://sparkfun.com\"/> y empezó a revender productos desde su " +"dormitorio. Después de graduarse, empezó a hacer y vender sus propios " +"productos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8540 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " +#| "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " +#| "research on licensing options, he chose Creative Commons licenses because " +#| "he was drawn to the “human-readable deeds” that explain the licensing " +#| "terms in simple terms. SparkFun still uses CC licenses for all of the " +#| "schematics and firmware for the products they create." msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " "research on licensing options, he chose Creative Commons licenses because he " -"was drawn to the “human-readable deeds” that explain the licensing terms in " -"simple terms. SparkFun still uses CC licenses for all of the schematics and " -"firmware for the products they create." +"was drawn to the <quote>human-readable deeds</quote> that explain the " +"licensing terms in simple terms. SparkFun still uses CC licenses for all of " +"the schematics and firmware for the products they create." msgstr "" "Una vez que empezó a diseñar sus propios productos, comenzó a poner el " "software y los diagramas en línea para ayudar con el soporte técnico. " @@ -17740,15 +19112,7 @@ msgstr "" "para los productos que crean." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8549 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " -#| "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned \\$33 million in revenue. Selling " -#| "components and widgets to hobbyists, professionals, and artists remains a " -#| "major part of SparkFun’s business. They sell their own products, but they " -#| "also partner with Arduino (also profiled in this book) by manufacturing " -#| "boards for resale using Arduino’s brand." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -17758,14 +19122,14 @@ msgid "" "boards for resale using Arduino’s brand." msgstr "" "La compañía ha crecido de un proyecto en solitario a una corporación con 140 " -"empleados. En 2015, Sparkfun ganó \\$33 millones en ingresos. Vender " +"empleados. En 2015, Sparkfun ganó $33 millones en ingresos. Vender " "componentes y dispositivos a aficionados, profesionales y artistas sigue " "siendo una gran parte del negocio de SparkFun. Venden sus propios productos, " "pero también están asociados con Arduino (también perfilado en este libro) " "para producir placas para revender usando la marca de Arduino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -17781,27 +19145,43 @@ msgstr "" "tecnología es una extensión natural de su negocio central." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " +#| "technical citizens,” Nathan said. “Our goal is to affect the lives of " +#| "three hundred and fifty thousand high school students by 2020.”" msgid "" -"“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " -"technical citizens,” Nathan said. “Our goal is to affect the lives of three " -"hundred and fifty thousand high school students by 2020.”" +"<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " +"technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " +"lives of three hundred and fifty thousand high school students by 2020.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" "«Tenemos la carga y la oportunidad de educar a la siguiente generación de " "ciudadanos técnicos,» dijo Nathan. «Nuestro objetivo es afectar las vidas de " "trescientos y cincuenta mil estudiantes de colegio para el 2020.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " +#| "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " +#| "share, but it also expresses a desire for others to get in and tinker " +#| "with their products, both to learn and to make their products better. " +#| "SparkFun uses the Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-SA), which is a " +#| "“copyleft” license that allows people to do anything with the content as " +#| "long as they provide credit and make any adaptations available under the " +#| "same licensing terms." msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " "share, but it also expresses a desire for others to get in and tinker with " "their products, both to learn and to make their products better. SparkFun " -"uses the Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-SA), which is a “copyleft” " -"license that allows people to do anything with the content as long as they " -"provide credit and make any adaptations available under the same licensing " -"terms." +"uses the Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-SA), which is a " +"<quote>copyleft</quote> license that allows people to do anything with the " +"content as long as they provide credit and make any adaptations available " +"under the same licensing terms." msgstr "" "La licencia Creative Commons detrás de todos los productos de SparkFun es " "central para su misión. La licencia no solo señala una voluntad de " @@ -17813,7 +19193,7 @@ msgstr "" "disponible bajo los mismo términos de licenciamiento." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -17833,18 +19213,31 @@ msgstr "" "competencia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8594 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " +#| "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " +#| "around the area to race their own self-created bots against each other, " +#| "participate in training workshops, and socialize. From a business " +#| "perspective, Nathan says it’s a terrible idea. But they don’t hold the " +#| "event for business reasons. “The reason we do it is because I get to " +#| "travel and have interactions with our customers all the time, but most of " +#| "our employees don’t,” he said. “This event gives our employees the " +#| "opportunity to get face-to-face contact with our customers.” The event " +#| "infuses their work with a human element, which makes it more meaningful." msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " "around the area to race their own self-created bots against each other, " "participate in training workshops, and socialize. From a business " "perspective, Nathan says it’s a terrible idea. But they don’t hold the event " -"for business reasons. “The reason we do it is because I get to travel and " -"have interactions with our customers all the time, but most of our employees " -"don’t,” he said. “This event gives our employees the opportunity to get face-" -"to-face contact with our customers.” The event infuses their work with a " -"human element, which makes it more meaningful." +"for business reasons. <quote>The reason we do it is because I get to travel " +"and have interactions with our customers all the time, but most of our " +"employees don’t,</quote> he said. <quote>This event gives our employees the " +"opportunity to get face-to-face contact with our customers.</quote> The " +"event infuses their work with a human element, which makes it more " +"meaningful." msgstr "" "El evento público, llamado «Autonomous Vehicle Competition» (Competencia de " "Vehículos Autónomos), atrae de mil a dos mil clientes y otras personas " @@ -17859,15 +19252,24 @@ msgstr "" "lo hace más significativo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " +#| "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, " +#| "but they are ultimately driven by something other than money. “Profit is " +#| "not the goal; it is the outcome of a well-executed plan,” Nathan said. " +#| "“We focus on having a bigger impact on the world.” Nathan believes they " +#| "get some of the brightest and most amazing employees because they aren’t " +#| "singularly focused on the bottom line." msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " -"they are ultimately driven by something other than money. “Profit is not the " -"goal; it is the outcome of a well-executed plan,” Nathan said. “We focus on " -"having a bigger impact on the world.” Nathan believes they get some of the " -"brightest and most amazing employees because they aren’t singularly focused " -"on the bottom line." +"they are ultimately driven by something other than money. <quote>Profit is " +"not the goal; it is the outcome of a well-executed plan,</quote> Nathan " +"said. <quote>We focus on having a bigger impact on the world.</quote> Nathan " +"believes they get some of the brightest and most amazing employees because " +"they aren’t singularly focused on the bottom line." msgstr "" "Nathan ha trabajado duro para inculcar un significado más profundo al " "trabajo que hace SparkFun. La compañía está, por supuesto, enfocada en ser " @@ -17878,7 +19280,7 @@ msgstr "" "porque no se enfocan de forma singular en el resultado final." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -17893,16 +19295,27 @@ msgstr "" "que vienen a su sitio no solo encuentren contenido sin cambios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " +#| "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the " +#| "company’s customer support, independently responding to questions in " +#| "forums and product-comment sections. Customers also bring product ideas " +#| "to the company. SparkFun regularly sifts through suggestions from " +#| "customers and tries to build on them where they can. “From the beginning, " +#| "we have been listening to the community,” Nathan said. “Customers would " +#| "identify a pain point, and we would design something to address it.”" msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " "customer support, independently responding to questions in forums and " "product-comment sections. Customers also bring product ideas to the " "company. SparkFun regularly sifts through suggestions from customers and " -"tries to build on them where they can. “From the beginning, we have been " -"listening to the community,” Nathan said. “Customers would identify a pain " -"point, and we would design something to address it.”" +"tries to build on them where they can. <quote>From the beginning, we have " +"been listening to the community,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Customers " +"would identify a pain point, and we would design something to address it.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" "La clientela de SparkFun está en gran parte compuesta por personas " "entusiastas industriosas de los electrónicos. Ellos tienen clientes que " @@ -17915,15 +19328,25 @@ msgstr "" "identifican puntos débiles, y nosotros diseñamos algo para solucionarlos.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " +#| "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " +#| "public repository of software code for each of its devices online. On a " +#| "particularly active project, there will only be about two dozen people " +#| "contributing significant improvements. The vast majority of projects are " +#| "relatively untouched by the public. “There is a theory that if you open-" +#| "source it, they will come,” Nathan said. “That’s not really true.”" msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " "public repository of software code for each of its devices online. On a " "particularly active project, there will only be about two dozen people " "contributing significant improvements. The vast majority of projects are " -"relatively untouched by the public. “There is a theory that if you open-" -"source it, they will come,” Nathan said. “That’s not really true.”" +"relatively untouched by the public. <quote>There is a theory that if you " +"open-source it, they will come,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>That’s not " +"really true.</quote>" msgstr "" "Sin embargo, este tipo de involucramiento con los clientes no siempre se " "traduce en personas contribuyendo de forma activa en los proyectos de " @@ -17935,14 +19358,24 @@ msgstr "" "dijo Nathan. «Eso no es realmente cierto.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " +#| "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " +#| "own. They heavily invest in tutorials and other material designed to help " +#| "people understand how the products work so they can fix and improve " +#| "things independently. “What gives me joy is when people take open-source " +#| "layouts and then build their own circuit boards from our designs,” Nathan " +#| "said." msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " "own. They heavily invest in tutorials and other material designed to help " "people understand how the products work so they can fix and improve things " -"independently. “What gives me joy is when people take open-source layouts " -"and then build their own circuit boards from our designs,” Nathan said." +"independently. <quote>What gives me joy is when people take open-source " +"layouts and then build their own circuit boards from our designs,</quote> " +"Nathan said." msgstr "" "En lugar de enfocarse en la cocreación con sus clientes, Sparkfun se enfoca " "en permitir que las personas copien, jugueteen y mejoren productos por su " @@ -17954,7 +19387,7 @@ msgstr "" "diseños,» dijo Nathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -17980,12 +19413,12 @@ msgstr "" "propusieron ser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "TeachAIDS" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -17996,37 +19429,33 @@ msgstr "" "SIDA. Fundada en 2005 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8681 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Revenue model: sponsorships" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" -msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: patrocinios" +msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ingresos</emphasis>: patrocinios" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8683 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: March 24, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 24 de marzo, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 24 de marzo, " +"2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Interviewees: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" -"Entrevistados: Piyar Sorcar, el CEO, y Shuman Ghosemajumder, el presidente" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistados</emphasis>: Piyar Sorcar, el CEO, y " +"Shuman Ghosemajumder, el presidente" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -18039,7 +19468,7 @@ msgstr "" "los materiales educativos que distribuye TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -18065,7 +19494,7 @@ msgstr "" "disposición bajo una licencia Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -18105,17 +19534,28 @@ msgstr "" "únicamente pedazos de información." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " +#| "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " +#| "distribute them. As soon as the animated software was posted online, " +#| "Piya’s team started receiving requests from individuals and governments " +#| "who were interested in bringing this model to more countries. “We " +#| "realized fairly quickly that educating large populations about a topic " +#| "that was considered taboo would be challenging. We began by identifying " +#| "optimal local partners and worked toward creating an effective, " +#| "culturally appropriate education,” Piya said." msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " "distribute them. As soon as the animated software was posted online, Piya’s " "team started receiving requests from individuals and governments who were " -"interested in bringing this model to more countries. “We realized fairly " -"quickly that educating large populations about a topic that was considered " -"taboo would be challenging. We began by identifying optimal local partners " -"and worked toward creating an effective, culturally appropriate education,” " -"Piya said." +"interested in bringing this model to more countries. <quote>We realized " +"fairly quickly that educating large populations about a topic that was " +"considered taboo would be challenging. We began by identifying optimal local " +"partners and worked toward creating an effective, culturally appropriate " +"education,</quote> Piya said." msgstr "" "A finales del 2005, Piya y su equipo usaron un diseño basada en " "investigación para crear nuevos materiales educativos y trabajaron con " @@ -18128,7 +19568,7 @@ msgstr "" "creación una educación eficaz, culturalmente apropiada,\" Piya comentó." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -18140,19 +19580,34 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons en los materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in " +#| "seeing the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed " +#| "to preserve the integrity of the medical information in the content. They " +#| "chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND), which " +#| "essentially gives the public the right to distribute only verbatim copies " +#| "of the content, and for noncommercial purposes. “We wanted attribution " +#| "for TeachAIDS, and we couldn’t stand by derivatives without vetting " +#| "them,” the cofounder and chair Shuman Ghosemajumder said. “It was almost " +#| "a no-brainer to go with a CC license because it was a plug-and-play " +#| "solution to this exact problem. It has allowed us to scale our materials " +#| "safely and quickly worldwide while preserving our content and protecting " +#| "us at the same time.”" msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " "the integrity of the medical information in the content. They chose the " "Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND), which essentially " "gives the public the right to distribute only verbatim copies of the " -"content, and for noncommercial purposes. “We wanted attribution for " -"TeachAIDS, and we couldn’t stand by derivatives without vetting them,” the " -"cofounder and chair Shuman Ghosemajumder said. “It was almost a no-brainer " -"to go with a CC license because it was a plug-and-play solution to this " -"exact problem. It has allowed us to scale our materials safely and quickly " -"worldwide while preserving our content and protecting us at the same time.”" +"content, and for noncommercial purposes. <quote>We wanted attribution for " +"TeachAIDS, and we couldn’t stand by derivatives without vetting them,</" +"quote> the cofounder and chair Shuman Ghosemajumder said. <quote>It was " +"almost a no-brainer to go with a CC license because it was a plug-and-play " +"solution to this exact problem. It has allowed us to scale our materials " +"safely and quickly worldwide while preserving our content and protecting us " +"at the same time.</quote>" msgstr "" "Dada su misión educativa, TeachAIDS tiene un interés obvio en que estos " "materiales se compartan tán ampliamente como sea posible. Pero también " @@ -18168,14 +19623,22 @@ msgstr "" "preservando nuestro contenido y protegiéndonos al mismo tiempo.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " +#| "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " +#| "content. The organization invests heavily in research and testing to " +#| "determine the best method of conveying the information. “Creating high-" +#| "quality content is what matters most to us,” Piya said. “Research drives " +#| "everything we do.”" msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " "content. The organization invests heavily in research and testing to " -"determine the best method of conveying the information. “Creating high-" -"quality content is what matters most to us,” Piya said. “Research drives " -"everything we do.”" +"determine the best method of conveying the information. <quote>Creating high-" +"quality content is what matters most to us,</quote> Piya said. " +"<quote>Research drives everything we do.</quote>" msgstr "" "Escoger una licencia que no permita la adaptación del contenido fue una " "consecuencia de la cuidadosa precisión con la que TeachAIDS elabora su " @@ -18185,7 +19648,7 @@ msgstr "" "investigación impulsa todo lo que hacemos.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8774 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -18202,7 +19665,7 @@ msgstr "" "para cada versión adaptada de los materiales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -18230,7 +19693,7 @@ msgstr "" "la información de alguien del mismo genero." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8798 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -18260,7 +19723,24 @@ msgstr "" "once veces." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all " +#| "in different capacities and organizational configurations. They are " +#| "careful to use people from diverse backgrounds to create the materials, " +#| "including teachers, students, and doctors, as well as individuals " +#| "experienced in working in the NGO space. This diversity and breadth of " +#| "knowledge help ensure their materials resonate with people from all walks " +#| "of life. Additionally, TeachAIDS works closely with film writers and " +#| "directors to help keep the concepts entertaining and easy to understand. " +#| "The inclusive, but highly controlled, creative process is undertaken " +#| "entirely by people who are specifically brought on to help with a " +#| "particular project, rather than ongoing staff. The final product they " +#| "create is designed to require zero training for people to implement in " +#| "practice. “In our research, we found we can’t depend on people passing on " +#| "the information correctly, even if they have the best of intentions,” " +#| "Piya said. “We need materials where you can push play and they will work.”" msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -18273,10 +19753,10 @@ msgid "" "but highly controlled, creative process is undertaken entirely by people who " "are specifically brought on to help with a particular project, rather than " "ongoing staff. The final product they create is designed to require zero " -"training for people to implement in practice. “In our research, we found we " -"can’t depend on people passing on the information correctly, even if they " -"have the best of intentions,” Piya said. “We need materials where you can " -"push play and they will work.”" +"training for people to implement in practice. <quote>In our research, we " +"found we can’t depend on people passing on the information correctly, even " +"if they have the best of intentions,</quote> Piya said. <quote>We need " +"materials where you can push play and they will work.</quote>" msgstr "" "TeachAIDS emplea trabajadores de tiempo completo, contratistas, y " "voluntarios, todos en diferentes cargos y configuraciones organizacionales. " @@ -18297,18 +19777,30 @@ msgstr "" "y que funcionen.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " +#| "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " +#| "organization is able to reduce costs by relying heavily on volunteers and " +#| "in-kind donations. Nevertheless, the nonprofit needed a sustainable " +#| "revenue model to subsidize content creation and physical distribution of " +#| "the materials. Charging even a low price was simply not an option. " +#| "“Educators from various nonprofits around the world were just creating " +#| "their own materials using whatever they could find for free online,” " +#| "Shuman said. “The only way to persuade them to use our highly effective " +#| "model was to make it completely free.”" msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " "organization is able to reduce costs by relying heavily on volunteers and in-" "kind donations. Nevertheless, the nonprofit needed a sustainable revenue " "model to subsidize content creation and physical distribution of the " -"materials. Charging even a low price was simply not an option. “Educators " -"from various nonprofits around the world were just creating their own " -"materials using whatever they could find for free online,” Shuman said. “The " -"only way to persuade them to use our highly effective model was to make it " -"completely free.”" +"materials. Charging even a low price was simply not an option. " +"<quote>Educators from various nonprofits around the world were just creating " +"their own materials using whatever they could find for free online,</quote> " +"Shuman said. <quote>The only way to persuade them to use our highly " +"effective model was to make it completely free.</quote>" msgstr "" "El equipo de Piya fue capaz de producir todas estas versiones a través de " "varios años con un número de personal que nunca excedió los ocho empleados " @@ -18324,7 +19816,7 @@ msgstr "" "completamente gratuito.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -18346,38 +19838,59 @@ msgstr "" "educativo. Todo el contenido permanece con la marca de TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " +#| "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations " +#| "to the nonprofit. This gives the nonprofit more stability, but even more " +#| "importantly, it enables them to subsidize projects being localized for an " +#| "area with no sponsors. “If we just created versions based on where we " +#| "could get sponsorships, we would only have materials for wealthier " +#| "countries,” Shuman said." msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " "the nonprofit. This gives the nonprofit more stability, but even more " "importantly, it enables them to subsidize projects being localized for an " -"area with no sponsors. “If we just created versions based on where we could " -"get sponsorships, we would only have materials for wealthier countries,” " -"Shuman said." +"area with no sponsors. <quote>If we just created versions based on where we " +"could get sponsorships, we would only have materials for wealthier countries," +"</quote> Shuman said." msgstr "" "TeachAIDS es cuidadoso de no buscar financiamiento para cubrir los costos de " -"un proyecto específico. En vez de eso, los patrocinios estan estructurados " +"un proyecto específico. En vez de eso, los patrocinios están estructurados " "como donaciones sin restricciones para la entidad no lucrativa. Esto le da " -"más estabilidad, pero incluso más importante, les permitte subvencionar " -"proyectos que estan siendo adaptados localmente para áreas que no tienen " +"más estabilidad, pero incluso más importante, les permite subvencionar " +"proyectos que están siendo adaptados localmente para áreas que no tienen " "patrocinadores.\"Si únicamente creamos versiones basadas en donde podemos " "obtener patrocinios, solo tendríamos materiales para los países ricos,\" " "comentó Shuman." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8867 -msgid "" -"As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new " -"country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,” Piya said. " -"“We don’t have to do much to find or attract them.” They believe the " -"sponsorships are easy to sell because they offer so much value to sponsors. " -"TeachAIDS sponsorships give corporations the chance to reach new eyeballs " -"with their brand, but at a much lower cost than other advertising channels. " -"The audience for TeachAIDS content also tends to skew young, which is often " -"a desirable demographic for brands. Unlike traditional advertising, the " -"content is not time-sensitive, so an investment in a sponsorship can benefit " -"a brand for many years to come." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new " +#| "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,” Piya said. " +#| "“We don’t have to do much to find or attract them.” They believe the " +#| "sponsorships are easy to sell because they offer so much value to " +#| "sponsors. TeachAIDS sponsorships give corporations the chance to reach " +#| "new eyeballs with their brand, but at a much lower cost than other " +#| "advertising channels. The audience for TeachAIDS content also tends to " +#| "skew young, which is often a desirable demographic for brands. Unlike " +#| "traditional advertising, the content is not time-sensitive, so an " +#| "investment in a sponsorship can benefit a brand for many years to come." +msgid "" +"As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " +"country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " +"said. <quote>We don’t have to do much to find or attract them.</quote> They " +"believe the sponsorships are easy to sell because they offer so much value " +"to sponsors. TeachAIDS sponsorships give corporations the chance to reach " +"new eyeballs with their brand, but at a much lower cost than other " +"advertising channels. The audience for TeachAIDS content also tends to skew " +"young, which is often a desirable demographic for brands. Unlike traditional " +"advertising, the content is not time-sensitive, so an investment in a " +"sponsorship can benefit a brand for many years to come." msgstr "" "A partir del 2016, TeachAIDS ha tenido docenas de patrocinadores. \"Cuando " "vamos a un nuevo país, varias compañías escuchan de nosotros y se acercan,\" " @@ -18393,14 +19906,22 @@ msgstr "" "venir." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " +#| "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " +#| "corporate sponsorships are donations to a cause. “This is something " +#| "companies can be proud of internally,” Shuman said. Some companies have " +#| "even built publicity campaigns around the fact that they have sponsored " +#| "these initiatives." msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " -"corporate sponsorships are donations to a cause. “This is something " -"companies can be proud of internally,” Shuman said. Some companies have even " -"built publicity campaigns around the fact that they have sponsored these " -"initiatives." +"corporate sponsorships are donations to a cause. <quote>This is something " +"companies can be proud of internally,</quote> Shuman said. Some companies " +"have even built publicity campaigns around the fact that they have sponsored " +"these initiatives." msgstr "" "Importantemente, el valor para los patrocinadores corporativos va más allá " "de las consideraciones comerciales. Como una entidad no lucrativa con una " @@ -18411,14 +19932,22 @@ msgstr "" "estas iniciativas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving " +#| "education—is at the root of everything the organization does. It " +#| "underpins the work; it motivates the funders. The CC license on the " +#| "materials they create furthers that mission, allowing them to safely and " +#| "quickly scale their materials worldwide. “The Creative Commons license " +#| "has been a game changer for TeachAIDS,” Piya said." msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " "it motivates the funders. The CC license on the materials they create " "furthers that mission, allowing them to safely and quickly scale their " -"materials worldwide. “The Creative Commons license has been a game changer " -"for TeachAIDS,” Piya said." +"materials worldwide. <quote>The Creative Commons license has been a game " +"changer for TeachAIDS,</quote> Piya said." msgstr "" "El núcleo de la misión de TeachAIDS—asegurar acceso global a educación que " "protege la vida—está en la raíz de todo lo que la organización realiza. Esto " @@ -18429,12 +19958,12 @@ msgstr "" "comentó Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "Tribe of Noise" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -18445,28 +19974,28 @@ msgstr "" "fundada en 2008 en los Países Bajos (Holanda)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8912 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: January 26, 2016" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 26 de enero, 2016" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 26 de enero, " +"2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8915 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interviewee: Hessel van Oorschot, cofounder" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" -msgstr "Entrevistado: Hessel van Oorschot, cofundador" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistado</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " +"cofundador" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -18484,7 +20013,7 @@ msgstr "" "incluyendo el uso de software de fuentes abiertas y Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -18504,15 +20033,24 @@ msgstr "" "suficientemente fácil de encontrar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered " +#| "five or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The " +#| "lawyers expressed interest in being their legal team should they decide " +#| "to pursue this as an entrepreneurial opportunity. Hessel says, “When " +#| "lawyers are interested in a venture like this, you might have something " +#| "special.” So after some more research, in early 2008, Hessel and Sandra " +#| "decided to build a platform." msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " "expressed interest in being their legal team should they decide to pursue " -"this as an entrepreneurial opportunity. Hessel says, “When lawyers are " -"interested in a venture like this, you might have something special.” So " -"after some more research, in early 2008, Hessel and Sandra decided to build " -"a platform." +"this as an entrepreneurial opportunity. Hessel says, <quote>When lawyers are " +"interested in a venture like this, you might have something special.</quote> " +"So after some more research, in early 2008, Hessel and Sandra decided to " +"build a platform." msgstr "" "Contrataron a dos abogados para investigar a mayor profundidad, y si bien " "encontraron cinco o seis ejemplos, Hessel encontró que los modelos de " @@ -18524,7 +20062,7 @@ msgstr "" "Sandra se decidieron a construir una plataforma." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8952 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -18540,7 +20078,7 @@ msgstr "" "negocio musicales requiere de una relación de confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -18556,12 +20094,12 @@ msgstr "" "personalmente para encontrar dicha música." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -18583,7 +20121,26 @@ msgstr "" "músicos de Tribe of Noise.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting " +#| "society that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. " +#| "Copyright collecting societies in the European Union usually hold " +#| "monopolies in their respective national markets. In addition, they " +#| "require their members to transfer exclusive administration rights to them " +#| "of all of their works. This complicates the picture for Tribe of Noise, " +#| "who wants to represent artists, or at least a portion of their " +#| "repertoire. Hessel and his legal team reached out to collecting " +#| "societies, starting with those in the Netherlands. What would be the best " +#| "legal way forward that would respect the wishes of composers and " +#| "musicians who’d be interested in trying out new models like the In-store " +#| "Music Service? Collecting societies at first were hesitant and said no, " +#| "but Tribe of Noise persisted arguing that they primarily work with " +#| "unknown artists and provide them exposure in parts of the world where " +#| "they don’t get airtime normally and a source of revenue—and this " +#| "convinced them that it was OK. However, Hessel says, “We are still " +#| "fighting for a good cause every single day.”" msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -18599,8 +20156,8 @@ msgid "" "hesitant and said no, but Tribe of Noise persisted arguing that they " "primarily work with unknown artists and provide them exposure in parts of " "the world where they don’t get airtime normally and a source of revenue—and " -"this convinced them that it was OK. However, Hessel says, “We are still " -"fighting for a good cause every single day.”" +"this convinced them that it was OK. However, Hessel says, <quote>We are " +"still fighting for a good cause every single day.</quote>" msgstr "" "En la mayor parte de los países, los artistas, autores y músicos se unen a " "una sociedad recaudatoria que gestiona el licenciamiento y ayuda a cobrar " @@ -18622,7 +20179,19 @@ msgstr "" "”Seguimos luchando por una buena causa todos los días.”" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with " +#| "big organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe " +#| "of Noise reseller. The largest telecom network in the Netherlands, for " +#| "example, sells Tribe’s In-store Music Service subscriptions to their " +#| "business clients, which include fashion retailers and fitness centers. " +#| "They have a similar deal with the leading trade association representing " +#| "hotels and restaurants in the country. Hessel hopes to “copy and paste” " +#| "this service into other countries where collecting societies understand " +#| "what you can do with Creative Commons. Outside of the Netherlands, early " +#| "adoptions have happened in Scandinavia, Belgium, and the U.S." msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -18630,10 +20199,10 @@ msgid "" "sells Tribe’s In-store Music Service subscriptions to their business " "clients, which include fashion retailers and fitness centers. They have a " "similar deal with the leading trade association representing hotels and " -"restaurants in the country. Hessel hopes to “copy and paste” this service " -"into other countries where collecting societies understand what you can do " -"with Creative Commons. Outside of the Netherlands, early adoptions have " -"happened in Scandinavia, Belgium, and the U.S." +"restaurants in the country. Hessel hopes to <quote>copy and paste</quote> " +"this service into other countries where collecting societies understand what " +"you can do with Creative Commons. Outside of the Netherlands, early " +"adoptions have happened in Scandinavia, Belgium, and the U.S." msgstr "" "En vez de construir una fuerza de ventas más grande, Tribe of Noise se alió " "con las grandes organizaciones que tienen muchos clientes y pueden actuar " @@ -18649,7 +20218,7 @@ msgstr "" "Estados Unidos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -18665,22 +20234,12 @@ msgstr "" "es como presentan el ejemplo en su sitio Web:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9019 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "A few of your songs \\[licensed with CC BY-SA\\], for example five in " -#| "total, are selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at " -#| "a large retailer with 1,000 stores nationwide. In this case the overall " -#| "playlist contains 350 songs so the musician’s share is 5/350 = 1.43%. " -#| "The license fee agreed with this retailer is US\\$12 per month per play-" -#| "out. So if 42.5% is shared with the Tribe musicians in this playlist and " -#| "your share is 1.43%, you end up with US\\$12 \\* 1000 stores \\* 0.425 " -#| "\\* 0.0143 = US\\$73 per month.2" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -18691,18 +20250,18 @@ msgid "" "you end up with US$12 * 1000 stores * 0.425 * 0.0143 = US$73 per month." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"Algunas de sus canciones \\[licenciadas bajo CC BY-SA\\], cinco en total por " +"Algunas de sus canciones [licenciadas bajo CC BY-SA], cinco en total por " "poner un ejemplo, han sido seleccionadas para un canal de música en el " "negocio, que se transmite a un conglomerado con 1,000 tiendas en el país. En " "este caso, la lista de reproducción global contiene 350 canciones, con lo " "que la proporción del músico es 5/350 = 1.43%. El costo de licenciamiento " -"acordado con el conglomerado es de US\\$12 por mes por reproducción. Así que " +"acordado con el conglomerado es de US$12 por mes por reproducción. Así que " "si 42.5% de esto es compartido con los músicos de Tribe en esta lista, y su " -"participación es de 1.43%, termina recibiendo US\\$12 \\* 1000 tiendas " -"\\*0.425 \\* 0.142 = US\\$73 por mes.2" +"participación es de 1.43%, termina recibiendo US$12 * 1000 tiendas * 0.425 * " +"0.142 = US$73 por mes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9030 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -18722,15 +20281,25 @@ msgstr "" "impediría volverse ricos por las ventas de dicha canción." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " +#| "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded " +#| "to Tribe of Noise Pro aren’t Creative Commons licensed; Tribe of Noise " +#| "has instead created a “nonexclusive exploitation” contract, similar to a " +#| "Creative Commons license but allowing musicians to opt out whenever they " +#| "want. When you opt out, Tribe of Noise agrees to take your music off the " +#| "Tribe of Noise platform within one to two months. This lets the musician " +#| "reuse their song for a better deal." msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " "Tribe of Noise Pro aren’t Creative Commons licensed; Tribe of Noise has " -"instead created a “nonexclusive exploitation” contract, similar to a " -"Creative Commons license but allowing musicians to opt out whenever they " -"want. When you opt out, Tribe of Noise agrees to take your music off the " -"Tribe of Noise platform within one to two months. This lets the musician " +"instead created a <quote>nonexclusive exploitation</quote> contract, similar " +"to a Creative Commons license but allowing musicians to opt out whenever " +"they want. When you opt out, Tribe of Noise agrees to take your music off " +"the Tribe of Noise platform within one to two months. This lets the musician " "reuse their song for a better deal." msgstr "" "El equipo legal de Hesse obtuvo esta retroalimentación y creó un segundo " @@ -18744,7 +20313,7 @@ msgstr "" "en un posible mejor acuerdo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -18761,7 +20330,7 @@ msgstr "" "limpios." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -18774,7 +20343,7 @@ msgstr "" "repertorio musical que el área comunitaria." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -18790,7 +20359,7 @@ msgstr "" "explorar otros modelos como el de Tribe of Noise Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -18812,7 +20381,7 @@ msgstr "" "la plataforma que genuinamente se involucran con ellos." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -18831,7 +20400,7 @@ msgstr "" "necesidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -18856,7 +20425,7 @@ msgstr "" "ASCAP o BMI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -18888,7 +20457,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin tener que enfrentar batallas legales." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -18910,12 +20479,12 @@ msgstr "" "basado en la confianza." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" -msgstr "Wikimedia Foundation" +msgstr "Fundación Wikimedia" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." @@ -18924,42 +20493,38 @@ msgstr "" "Wikipedia y sus proyectos hermanos. Fundada en 2003 en los E.U.A." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" -msgstr "" +msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de ganancia</emphasis>: donations" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Interview date: December 18, 2015" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" -msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 18 de diciembre, 2015" +msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Fecha de la entrevista</emphasis>: 18 de " +"diciembre, 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9151 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Interviewees: Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community Engagement, " -#| "and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" -"Entrevistados: Luis Villa, ex Director de Compromiso Comunitario, y Stephen " -"LaPorte, asesor legal" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Entrevistados</emphasis>: Luis Villa, ex Director " +"de Compromiso Comunitario, y Stephen LaPorte, asesor legal" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "Casi cualquier persona con una presencia enlinea conoce la Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -18974,7 +20539,7 @@ msgstr "" "permite a las personas reusarlo y adaptarlo para cualquier propósito." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -18985,7 +20550,7 @@ msgstr "" "el artículo de la Wikipedia acerca de la Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -19013,10 +20578,16 @@ msgstr "" "no estan conectados con alguna organización en partícular." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9190 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, “There is a common " +#| "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.” While it " +#| "undoubtedly has its challenges and flaws, Wikipedia and its sister " +#| "projects are a striking testament to the power of human collaboration." msgid "" -"As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, “There is a common " -"saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.” While it " +"As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " +"saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " "undoubtedly has its challenges and flaws, Wikipedia and its sister projects " "are a striking testament to the power of human collaboration." msgstr "" @@ -19027,7 +20598,7 @@ msgstr "" "humana." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -19044,7 +20615,7 @@ msgstr "" "simplemente todo ocurre a una escala sin precedentes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -19068,26 +20639,47 @@ msgstr "" "hechas cada hora." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " +#| "cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " +#| "improvement really works,” Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community " +#| "Engagement, told us. The rules and processes that govern cocreation on " +#| "Wikipedia and its sister projects are all community-driven and vary by " +#| "language edition. There are entire books written on the intricacies of " +#| "their systems, but generally speaking, there are very few exceptions to " +#| "the rule that anyone can edit any article, even without an account on " +#| "their system. The extensive peer-review process includes elaborate " +#| "systems to resolve disputes, methods for managing particularly " +#| "controversial subject areas, talk pages explaining decisions, and much, " +#| "much more. The Wikimedia Foundation’s decision to leave governance of the " +#| "projects to the community is very deliberate. “We look at the things that " +#| "the community can do well, and we want to let them do those things,” " +#| "Stephen told us. Instead, the foundation focuses its time and resources " +#| "on what the community cannot do as effectively, like the software " +#| "engineering that supports the technical infrastructure of the sites. In " +#| "2015-16, about half of the foundation’s budget went to direct support for " +#| "the Wikimedia sites." msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " -"cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " -"improvement really works,” Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community " -"Engagement, told us. The rules and processes that govern cocreation on " -"Wikipedia and its sister projects are all community-driven and vary by " -"language edition. There are entire books written on the intricacies of " -"their systems, but generally speaking, there are very few exceptions to the " -"rule that anyone can edit any article, even without an account on their " +"cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " +"improvement really works,</quote> Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of " +"Community Engagement, told us. The rules and processes that govern " +"cocreation on Wikipedia and its sister projects are all community-driven and " +"vary by language edition. There are entire books written on the intricacies " +"of their systems, but generally speaking, there are very few exceptions to " +"the rule that anyone can edit any article, even without an account on their " "system. The extensive peer-review process includes elaborate systems to " "resolve disputes, methods for managing particularly controversial subject " "areas, talk pages explaining decisions, and much, much more. The Wikimedia " "Foundation’s decision to leave governance of the projects to the community " -"is very deliberate. “We look at the things that the community can do well, " -"and we want to let them do those things,” Stephen told us. Instead, the " -"foundation focuses its time and resources on what the community cannot do as " -"effectively, like the software engineering that supports the technical " -"infrastructure of the sites. In 2015-16, about half of the foundation’s " -"budget went to direct support for the Wikimedia sites." +"is very deliberate. <quote>We look at the things that the community can do " +"well, and we want to let them do those things,</quote> Stephen told us. " +"Instead, the foundation focuses its time and resources on what the community " +"cannot do as effectively, like the software engineering that supports the " +"technical infrastructure of the sites. In 2015-16, about half of the " +"foundation’s budget went to direct support for the Wikimedia sites." msgstr "" "La naturaleza del contenido que la comunidad crea es ideal para la creación " "conjunta. «Una enciclopedia es algo en donde las mejoras incrementales " @@ -19111,19 +20703,34 @@ msgstr "" "Wikimedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " +#| "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " +#| "help the site function as effectively as possible. “There is a " +#| "constantly evolving system to keep the balance in place to avoid " +#| "Wikipedia becoming the world’s biggest graffiti wall,” Luis said. " +#| "Depending on how you measure it, somewhere between 90 to 98 percent of " +#| "edits to Wikipedia are positive. Some portion of that success is " +#| "attributable to the tools Wikimedia has in place to try to incentivize " +#| "good actors. “The secret to having any healthy community is bringing back " +#| "the right people,” Luis said. “Vandals tend to get bored and go away. " +#| "That is partially our model working, and partially just human nature.” " +#| "Most of the time, people want to do the right thing." msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " -"help the site function as effectively as possible. “There is a constantly " -"evolving system to keep the balance in place to avoid Wikipedia becoming the " -"world’s biggest graffiti wall,” Luis said. Depending on how you measure it, " -"somewhere between 90 to 98 percent of edits to Wikipedia are positive. Some " -"portion of that success is attributable to the tools Wikimedia has in place " -"to try to incentivize good actors. “The secret to having any healthy " -"community is bringing back the right people,” Luis said. “Vandals tend to " -"get bored and go away. That is partially our model working, and partially " -"just human nature.” Most of the time, people want to do the right thing." +"help the site function as effectively as possible. <quote>There is a " +"constantly evolving system to keep the balance in place to avoid Wikipedia " +"becoming the world’s biggest graffiti wall,</quote> Luis said. Depending on " +"how you measure it, somewhere between 90 to 98 percent of edits to Wikipedia " +"are positive. Some portion of that success is attributable to the tools " +"Wikimedia has in place to try to incentivize good actors. <quote>The secret " +"to having any healthy community is bringing back the right people,</quote> " +"Luis said. <quote>Vandals tend to get bored and go away. That is partially " +"our model working, and partially just human nature.</quote> Most of the " +"time, people want to do the right thing." msgstr "" "Algo de eso se dirige a los servidores y al soporte IT general, pero la " "fundación también invierte una cantidad significativa en diseño de " @@ -19140,7 +20747,18 @@ msgstr "" "tiempo, la gente quiere hacer lo correcto." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9256 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on " +#| "its sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. " +#| "All of the text of Wikipedia is available under an Attribution-ShareAlike " +#| "license (CC BY-SA), which means it can be used for any purpose and " +#| "modified so long as credit is given and anything new is shared back with " +#| "the public under the same license. In theory, that means anyone can copy " +#| "the content and start a new Wikipedia. But as Stephen explained, “Being " +#| "open has only made Wikipedia bigger and stronger. The desire to protect " +#| "is not always what is best for everyone.”" msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -19148,9 +20766,9 @@ msgid "" "(CC BY-SA), which means it can be used for any purpose and modified so long " "as credit is given and anything new is shared back with the public under the " "same license. In theory, that means anyone can copy the content and start a " -"new Wikipedia. But as Stephen explained, “Being open has only made Wikipedia " -"bigger and stronger. The desire to protect is not always what is best for " -"everyone.”" +"new Wikipedia. But as Stephen explained, <quote>Being open has only made " +"Wikipedia bigger and stronger. The desire to protect is not always what is " +"best for everyone.</quote>" msgstr "" "Wikipedia no solo se basa en el buen comportamiento dentro de su comunidad y " "en sus sitios, sino tambien en todos los demas una vez que el contenido deja " @@ -19164,7 +20782,7 @@ msgstr "" "siempre lo mejor para todos.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" @@ -19173,7 +20791,7 @@ msgstr "" "mistakes/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9268 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia " @@ -19186,11 +20804,11 @@ msgstr "" #| "single explanation. “In a movement as large as ours, there is an " #| "incredible diversity of motivations,” Stephen said. For example, there is " #| "one editor of the English Wikipedia edition who has corrected a single " -#| "grammatical error in articles more than forty-eight thousand times.1 Only " -#| "a fraction of Wikipedia users are also editors. But editing is not the " -#| "only way to contribute to Wikipedia. “Some donate text, some donate " -#| "images, some donate financially,” Stephen told us. “They are all " -#| "contributors.”" +#| "grammatical error in articles more than forty-eight thousand times." +#| "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Only a fraction of Wikipedia " +#| "users are also editors. But editing is not the only way to contribute to " +#| "Wikipedia. “Some donate text, some donate images, some donate " +#| "financially,” Stephen told us. “They are all contributors.”" msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -19199,14 +20817,14 @@ msgid "" "in a million different ways, in a million different capacities, for a " "million different reasons. While many have tried to guess what makes " "Wikipedia work as well it does, the fact is there is no single explanation. " -"“In a movement as large as ours, there is an incredible diversity of " -"motivations,” Stephen said. For example, there is one editor of the English " -"Wikipedia edition who has corrected a single grammatical error in articles " -"more than forty-eight thousand times.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" -"> Only a fraction of Wikipedia users are also editors. But editing is not " -"the only way to contribute to Wikipedia. “Some donate text, some donate " -"images, some donate financially,” Stephen told us. “They are all " -"contributors.”" +"<quote>In a movement as large as ours, there is an incredible diversity of " +"motivations,</quote> Stephen said. For example, there is one editor of the " +"English Wikipedia edition who has corrected a single grammatical error in " +"articles more than forty-eight thousand times.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/> Only a fraction of Wikipedia users are also editors. But editing " +"is not the only way to contribute to Wikipedia. <quote>Some donate text, " +"some donate images, some donate financially,</quote> Stephen told us. " +"<quote>They are all contributors.</quote>" msgstr "" "Por supuesto, la principal razón por la que nadie ha cooptado exitosamente a " "Wikipedia es que los esfuerzos de los imitadores no tienen a la comunidad de " @@ -19219,23 +20837,14 @@ msgstr "" "movimiento tan largo como el nuetro, hay una increible diversidad de " "motivaciones,» comentó Stephen. Por ejemplo, hay un editor de la edición de " "la Wikipedia en inglés quien ha corregido un único error gramaticál en los " -"artículos más de cuarenta y ocho mil veces. 1 Solo una fracción de los " -"usuarios de Wikipedia también son editores. Pero editar no es el único medio " -"para contribuir a la Wikipedia. «Algunos donan textos, algunos donan " -"imágenes, algunos donan financieramente,» nos comentó Stephen. «Todos son " -"contribuyentes.»" +"artículos más de cuarenta y ocho mil veces.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> Solo una fracción de los usuarios de Wikipedia también son editores. " +"Pero editar no es el único medio para contribuir a la Wikipedia. «Algunos " +"donan textos, algunos donan imágenes, algunos donan financieramente,» nos " +"comentó Stephen. «Todos son contribuyentes.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9286 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we " -#| "are passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on " -#| "individual donations, with about \\$15 as the average. Because Wikipedia " -#| "is one of the ten most popular websites in terms of total page views, " -#| "donations from a small portion of that audience can translate into a lot " -#| "of money. In the 2015-16 fiscal year, they received more than \\$77 " -#| "million from more than five million donors." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -19247,14 +20856,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Pero la gran mayoría de los que usamos la Wikipedia no somos contribuyentes; " "somos lectores pasivos. La fundación Wikimedia sobrevive principalmente de " -"las donaciones individuales, con un promedio de \\$15. Porque la Wikipedia " -"es uno de los diwz sitios web más populares en terminos de total de páginas " +"las donaciones individuales, con un promedio de $15. Porque la Wikipedia es " +"uno de los diwz sitios web más populares en términos de total de páginas " "vistas, las donaciones de una pequeña porción de esa audiencia se pueden " -"traducir en un monton de dinero. En el año fiscal 2015-16, recibieron más de " -"\\$77 millones de más de cinco millones de donadores." +"traducir en un montón de dinero. En el año fiscal 2015-16, recibieron más de " +"$77 millones de más de cinco millones de donadores." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9296 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -19274,7 +20883,7 @@ msgstr "" "retornen. Cada poco ayuda. Con las suficientes miradas, ellos estan bien." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9307 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -19293,25 +20902,31 @@ msgstr "" "que hace la fundación." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " "critical for a revenue strategy that relies on reader donations. It also " "instills trust in their community." msgstr "" -"La filosofía detras de la empresa tambien permite a la fundación ser " +"La filosofía detrás de la empresa también permite a la fundación ser " "sostenible financieramente. Infunde confianza en sus lectores, lo cual es " "crítico por una estrategia de ingresos que se apoya en las donaciones de sus " -"lectores. Tambien infunde confianza en su comunidad." +"lectores. También infunde confianza en su comunidad." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9322 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite " +#| "number of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds " +#| "the global community together. “Wikipedia is an example of how a mission " +#| "can motivate an entire movement,” Stephen told us." msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " -"community together. “Wikipedia is an example of how a mission can motivate " -"an entire movement,” Stephen told us." +"community together. <quote>Wikipedia is an example of how a mission can " +"motivate an entire movement,</quote> Stephen told us." msgstr "" "Cualquier edición en la Wikipedia podría estar motivada por casi un número " "infinito de razones. Pero la misión social del proyecto es lo que ata a la " @@ -19319,12 +20934,19 @@ msgstr "" "motivar un movimiento entero,» Stephen nos comentó." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " +#| "public resources. “The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, but " +#| "it is missing the digital equivalent of parks and open public spaces,” " +#| "Stephen said. “Wikipedia has found a way to be that open public space.”" msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " -"public resources. “The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, but it " -"is missing the digital equivalent of parks and open public spaces,” Stephen " -"said. “Wikipedia has found a way to be that open public space.”" +"public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " +"but it is missing the digital equivalent of parks and open public spaces,</" +"quote> Stephen said. <quote>Wikipedia has found a way to be that open " +"public space.</quote>" msgstr "" "Por supuesto, el resultado de ese movimiento es uno de los grandes recursos " "públicos de Internet. «La Internet tiene un monton de negocios y tiendas, " @@ -19333,12 +20955,12 @@ msgstr "" "público abierto.»" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "Bibliografía" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9340 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -19349,7 +20971,7 @@ msgstr "" "from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." @@ -19359,21 +20981,27 @@ msgstr "" "2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." -msgstr "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." +msgstr "" +"Chris Anderson. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, " +"2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " +#| "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " -"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." +"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." @@ -19382,12 +21010,7 @@ msgstr "" "2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9362 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " -#| "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. www.benkler." -#| "org/Benkler\\_Wealth\\_Of\\_Networks.pdf (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -19395,63 +21018,45 @@ msgid "" "CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " -"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. www.benkler." -"org/Benkler\\_Wealth\\_Of\\_Networks.pdf (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-SA)." +"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" +"\"http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks.pdf\"/> (licenciado bajo " +"CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9369 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open " -#| "Economy. Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. www.slideshare.net/" -#| "WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892 (licensed under CC BY-SA)." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" "WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (licensed under CC BY-SA)." msgstr "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " -"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. www.slideshare.net/WithoutModel/open-" -"models-book-64463892 (licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)." +"Cachan, Francia: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare." +"net/WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9375 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " -#| "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " -#| "Collaborative, 2016. thenextsystem.org/commoning-as-a-transformative-" -#| "social-paradigm/." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " "Collaborative, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://thenextsystem.org/commoning-as-a-" "transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." msgstr "" -"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " -"comisionado por el Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " -"Collaborative, 2016. thenextsystem.org/commoning-as-a-transformative-social-" -"paradigm/." +"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Artículo " +"escrito bajo encargo del Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " +"Collaborative, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://thenextsystem.org/commoning-as-a-" +"transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" -"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " -"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." +"David Bollier. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " +"the Commons. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9385 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " -#| "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" -#| "Based Alternatives. A report on a Commons Strategies Group Workshop in " -#| "cooperation with the Heinrich Böll Foundation, Berlin, Germany, 2015. " -#| "bollier.org/democratic-money-and-capital-commons-report-pdf. For more " -#| "information, see bollier.org/blog/democratic-money-and-capital-commons." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -19461,15 +21066,16 @@ msgid "" "pdf\"/>. For more information, see <ulink url=\"http://bollier.org/blog/" "democratic-money-and-capital-commons\"/>." msgstr "" -"Bollier, David, y Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the Commons: " +"Bollier, David y Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the Commons: " "Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-Based " -"Alternatives. A report on a Commons Strategies Group Workshop in cooperation " -"with the Heinrich Böll Foundation, Berlin, Germany, 2015. bollier.org/" -"democratic-money-and-capital-commons-report-pdf. Para más información, vere " -"bollier.org/blog/democratic-money-and-capital-commons." +"Alternatives. Reporte en el Commons Strategies Group Workshop en cooperación " +"con la Fundación Heinrich Böll, Berlín, Alemania, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://" +"bollier.org/democratic-money-and-capital-commons-report-pdf\"/>. Para mayor " +"información, vea <ulink url=\"http://bollier.org/blog/democratic-money-and-" +"capital-commons\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." @@ -19478,7 +21084,7 @@ msgstr "" "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." @@ -19487,7 +21093,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." @@ -19496,16 +21102,16 @@ msgstr "" "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." -msgstr "www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-SA)." +msgstr "" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licenciado bajo " +"CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9410 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." @@ -19514,7 +21120,7 @@ msgstr "" "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9415 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." @@ -19523,24 +21129,16 @@ msgstr "" "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" -"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " -"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." +"Henry Chesbrough. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " +"Profiting from Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9423 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the " -#| "City for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " -#| "(LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons). Bologna, Italy: City of " -#| "Bologna, 2014). www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-" -#| "Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-" -#| "and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -19550,38 +21148,39 @@ msgid "" "regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." msgstr "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " -"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated por LabGov " -"(LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons). Bologna, Italia: Ciudad de " -"Boloña, 2014). www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-" -"on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-" -"of-urban-commons1.pdf." +"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Traducido al inglés por " +"LabGov (LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons). Bologna, Italia: Ciudad " +"de Boloña, 2014). <ulink url=\"http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/" +"sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-" +"for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9430 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " +#| "Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and " +#| "Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." msgid "" -"Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " -"Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and " -"Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." +"Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " +"Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " +"Madison, and Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." msgstr "" "Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " "Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and " "Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9435 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " -#| "Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " -"Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/." +"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." @@ -19590,36 +21189,38 @@ msgstr "" "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9444 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " -#| "Sharing at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. hbr." -#| "org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all." +#| "Sharing at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink url=" +#| "\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/" +#| ">." msgid "" -"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " -"at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://hbr." -"org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>." +"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " +"Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " +"url=\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/" +">." msgstr "" -"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " -"at All.” Harvard Business Review, Enero 28, 2015. hbr.org/2015/01/the-" -"sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all." +"Eckhardt, Giana y Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing at " +"All.” Harvard Business Review, 28 de enero, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://hbr." +"org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " -"of Regina Press, 2015. uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-Knowledge (licensed " -"under CC BY-NC-ND)." +"of Regina Press, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-" +"Knowledge\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" -"Elliott, Patricia W., y Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " +"Elliott, Patricia W. y Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " -"of Regina Press, 2015. uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-Knowledge (licensed " -"under CC BY-NC-ND)." +"of Regina Press, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-" +"Knowledge\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." @@ -19628,32 +21229,39 @@ msgstr "" "New York: Portfolio, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a " +#| "Post-Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge." msgid "" -"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a Post-" -"Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge." +"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " +"a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " +"Knowledge." msgstr "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a Post-" "Carbon Economy.” Cap. 11 en Elliott y Hepting, Free Knowledge." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten " #| "Nonprofit Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " -#| "2009. ssir.org/articles/entry/ten\\_nonprofit\\_funding\\_models." +#| "2009. <ulink url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/" +#| "ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." msgid "" -"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit " -"Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009. <ulink url=" -"\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." +"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " +"Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " +"2009. <ulink url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/" +"ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." msgstr "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, y Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit " -"Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009. ssir.org/" -"articles/entry/ten\\_nonprofit\\_funding\\_models." +"Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009. <ulink url=" +"\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." @@ -19662,7 +21270,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." @@ -19671,18 +21279,23 @@ msgstr "" "Governing Knowledge Commons. Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9480 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559 +#, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " +#| "“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, and " +#| "Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " -"“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, and " -"Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." +"<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " +"and Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." msgstr "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, y Katherine J. Strandburg. " "“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Cap. 1 en Frischmann, Madison, y Strandburg, " "Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." @@ -19691,7 +21304,7 @@ msgstr "" "con nuevo epílogo. New York: Portfolio, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." @@ -19700,7 +21313,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Viking, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." @@ -19709,7 +21322,7 @@ msgstr "" "and the Commons. Nueva York: Zed Books, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." @@ -19718,7 +21331,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." @@ -19727,7 +21340,7 @@ msgstr "" "Doubleday Canada, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." @@ -19736,7 +21349,7 @@ msgstr "" "Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." @@ -19745,7 +21358,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books. Nueva York: Vintage Books, 2007." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." @@ -19754,21 +21367,16 @@ msgstr "" "within Us All. Nueva York: Crown, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " -"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" +"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " -"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" - -#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522 -msgid "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." -msgstr "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." +"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9525 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." @@ -19777,7 +21385,7 @@ msgstr "" "Discovered. Nueva York: Workman, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." @@ -19786,7 +21394,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Workman, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." @@ -19795,21 +21403,23 @@ msgstr "" "York: Morgan James, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " -#| "Internet.” BBC News, March 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680" +#| "Internet.” BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/" +#| "technology-35709680\"/>" msgid "" -"Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” " -"BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/" -"technology-35709680\"/>" +"Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " +"Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" +"news/technology-35709680\"/>" msgstr "" "Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” " -"BBC News, Marzo 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680" +"BBC News, 3 de marzo, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/" +"technology-35709680\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." @@ -19818,7 +21428,7 @@ msgstr "" "Economy. Nueva York: Penguin Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." @@ -19827,7 +21437,7 @@ msgstr "" "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." @@ -19836,12 +21446,7 @@ msgstr "" "Straus y Giroux, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " -#| "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " -#| "2011. www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -19849,31 +21454,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? Nueva York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " -"2011. www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf." +"2011. <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9560 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " -#| "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at " -#| "strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " "url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." msgstr "" "Osterwalder, Alex, e Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, NJ: " -"John Wiley and Sons, 2010. Un avance del libro está disponible en " -"strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation." +"John Wiley and Sons, 2010. Un avance del libro está disponible en <ulink url=" +"\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " -#| "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of " -#| "the book is available at strategyzer.com/books/value-proposition-design." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -19882,10 +21477,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, y Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. Un avance del " -"libro está disponible en strategyzer.com/books/value-proposition-design." +"libro está disponible en <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/value-" +"proposition-design\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." @@ -19894,14 +21490,7 @@ msgstr "" "People Help. Nueva York: Grand Central, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " -#| "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What " -#| "Are the Results? The Hague, Netherlands: Europeana Foundation, 2014. pro." -#| "europeana.eu/publication/democratising-the-rijksmuseum (licensed under CC " -#| "BY-SA)." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -19911,18 +21500,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " -"the Results? The Hague, Países Bajos: Europeana Foundation, 2014. pro." -"europeana.eu/publication/democratising-the-rijksmuseum (licenciado bajo CC " -"BY-SA)." +"the Results? La Haya, Países Bajos: Europeana Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" +"\"http://pro.europeana.eu/publication/democratising-the-rijksmuseum\"/> " +"(licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9584 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " -#| "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. www.academia.edu/27143172/" -#| "The\\_City\\_as\\_Commons\\_a\\_Policy\\_Reader (licensed under CC BY-NC-" -#| "ND)." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -19930,30 +21513,31 @@ msgid "" "under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " -"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. www.academia.edu/27143172/The" -"\\_City\\_as\\_Commons\\_a\\_Policy\\_Reader (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." +"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." +"academia.edu/27143172/The_City_as_Commons_a_Policy_Reader\"/>(licenciado " +"bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 #, fuzzy #| msgid "" #| "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " #| "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " -#| "Media, 2001. See esp. “The Magic Cauldron.” www.catb.org/esr/writings/" -#| "cathedral-bazaar/." +#| "Media, 2001. See esp. “The Magic Cauldron.” <ulink url=\"http://www.catb." +#| "org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " -"Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " -"Media, 2001. See esp. “The Magic Cauldron.” <ulink url=\"http://www.catb.org/" -"esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." +"Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " +"Media, 2001. See esp. <quote>The Magic Cauldron.</quote> <ulink url=\"http://" +"www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." msgstr "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " -"Media, 2001. See esp. “The Magic Cauldron.” www.catb.org/esr/writings/" -"cathedral-bazaar/." +"Media, 2001. Véase especialmente “The Magic Cauldron.” <ulink url=\"http://" +"www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -19964,7 +21548,7 @@ msgstr "" "Business, 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -19975,14 +21559,14 @@ msgstr "" "Macmillan, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." @@ -19991,7 +21575,7 @@ msgstr "" "Enemy of Prosperity. Nueva York: Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." @@ -20000,7 +21584,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." @@ -20009,7 +21593,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborators. Londres, Inglaterra: Penguin Books, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." @@ -20018,7 +21602,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." @@ -20027,7 +21611,7 @@ msgstr "" "Nueva York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." @@ -20036,7 +21620,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ikigai Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9634 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." @@ -20045,7 +21629,7 @@ msgstr "" "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." @@ -20054,13 +21638,13 @@ msgstr "" "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -20071,7 +21655,7 @@ msgstr "" "Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." @@ -20080,7 +21664,7 @@ msgstr "" "Reiter. Nueva York: Simon y Schuster, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." @@ -20089,14 +21673,7 @@ msgstr "" "University of Chicago Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " -#| "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS " -#| "Publishers, with Creative Commons Netherlands; Premsela, the Netherlands " -#| "Institute for Design and Fashion; and the Waag Society, 2011. " -#| "opendesignnow.org (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -20107,41 +21684,33 @@ msgstr "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, y Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " "con Creative Commons Netherlands; Premsela, el Netherlands Institute for " -"Design and Fashion; y la Waag Society, 2011. opendesignnow.org (licenciado " -"bajo CC BY-NC-SA)." +"Design and Fashion; y la Waag Society, 2011. <ulink url=\"http://" +"opendesignnow.org\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to " -#| "Society 3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. " -#| "society30.com/get-the-book/ (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" "\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " -"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. society30.com/" -"get-the-book/ (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." +"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" +"\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. web." -#| "mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" "NC-ND)." msgstr "" -"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. web." -"mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-ND)." +"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " +"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-" +"NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." @@ -20150,12 +21719,12 @@ msgstr "" "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "Agradecimientos" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -20170,7 +21739,7 @@ msgstr "" "inicial que nos permitió empezar este proyecto." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9769 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -20181,7 +21750,7 @@ msgstr "" "los comunes tengan vida. Gracias por la inspiración." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9774 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -20197,7 +21766,7 @@ msgstr "" "trabajo." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -20211,7 +21780,7 @@ msgstr "" "invaluable. Gracias de todo corazón a todos ustedes." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9788 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -20304,8 +21873,354 @@ msgstr "" "Xavier Antoviaque, Yancey Strickler" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9839 #, fuzzy +#| msgid "" +#| "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, " +#| "Aaron C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " +#| "Taherivand, Adam Croom, Adam Finer, Adam Hansen, Adam Morris, Adam " +#| "Procter, Adam Quirk, Adam Rory Porter, Adam Simmons, Adam Tinworth, Adam " +#| "Zimmerman, Adrian Ho, Adrian Smith, Adriane Ruzak, Adriano Loconte, Al " +#| "Sweigart, Alain Imbaud, Alan Graham, Alan M. Ford, Alan Swithenbank, Alan " +#| "Vonlanthen, Albert O’Connor, Alec Foster, Alejandro Suarez Cebrian, Aleks " +#| "Degtyarev, Alex Blood, Alex C. Ion, Alex Ross Shaw, Alexander Bartl, " +#| "Alexander Brown, Alexander Brunner, Alexander Eliesen, Alexander Hawson, " +#| "Alexander Klar, Alexander Neumann, Alexander Plaum, Alexander Wendland, " +#| "Alexandre Rafalovitch, Alexey Volkow, Alexi Wheeler, Alexis Sevault, " +#| "Alfredo Louro, Ali Sternburg, Alicia Gibb & Lunchbox Electronics, " +#| "Alison Link, Alison Pentecost, Alistair Boettiger, Alistair Walder, Alix " +#| "Bernier, Allan Callaghan, Allen Riddell, Allison Breland Crotwell, " +#| "Allison Jane Smith, Álvaro Justen, Amanda Palmer, Amanda Wetherhold, Amit " +#| "Bagree, Amit Tikare, Amos Blanton, Amy Sept, Anatoly Volynets, Anders " +#| "Ericsson, Andi Popp, André Bose Do Amaral, Andre Dickson, André Koot, " +#| "André Ricardo, Andre van Rooyen, Andre Wallace, Andrea Bagnacani, Andrea " +#| "Pepe, Andrea Pigato, Andreas Jagelund, Andres Gomez Casanova, Andrew A. " +#| "Farke, Andrew Berhow, Andrew Hearse, Andrew Matangi, Andrew R McHugh, " +#| "Andrew Tam, Andrew Turvey, Andrew Walsh, Andrew Wilson, Andrey " +#| "Novoseltsev, Andy McGhee, Andy Reeve, Andy Woods, Angela Brett, Angeliki " +#| "Kapoglou, Angus Keenan, Anne-Marie Scott, Antero Garcia, Antoine Authier, " +#| "Antoine Michard, Anton Kurkin, Anton Porsche, Antònia Folguera, António " +#| "Ornelas, Antonis Triantafyllakis, aois21 publishing, April Johnson, Aria " +#| "F. Chernik, Ariane Allan, Ariel Katz, Arithmomaniac, Arnaud Tessier, " +#| "Arnim Sommer, Ashima Bawa, Ashley Elsdon, Athanassios Diacakis, Aurora " +#| "Thornton, Aurore Chavet Henry, Austin Hartzheim, Austin Tolentino, Avner " +#| "Shanan, Axel Pettersson, Axel Stieglbauer, Ay Okpokam, Barb Bartkowiak, " +#| "Barbara Lindsey, Barry Dayton, Bastian Hougaard, Ben Chad, Ben Doherty, " +#| "Ben Hansen, Ben Nuttall, Ben Rosenthal, Ben Sheridan, Benedikt Foit, " +#| "Benita Tsao, Benjamin Costantini, Benjamin Daemon, Benjamin Keele, " +#| "Benjamin Pflanz, Berglind Ósk Bergsdóttir, Bernardo Miguel Antunes, Bernd " +#| "Nurnberger, Bernhard Seefeld, Beth Gis, Beth Tillinghast, Bethanye " +#| "Blount, Bill Bonwitt, Bill Browne, Bill Keaggy, Bill Maiden, Bill " +#| "Rafferty, Bill Scanlon, Bill Shields, Bill Slankard, BJ Becker, Bjorn " +#| "Freeman-Benson, Bjørn Otto Wallevik, BK Bitner, Bo Ilsøe Hansen, Bo " +#| "Sprotte Kofod, Bob Doran, Bob Recny, Bob Stuart, Bonnie Chiu, Boris " +#| "Mindzak, Boriss Lariushin, Borjan Tchakaloff, Brad Kik, Braden Hassett, " +#| "Bradford Benn, Bradley Keyes, Bradley L’Herrou, Brady Forrest, Brandon " +#| "McGaha, Branka Tokic, Brant Anderson, Brenda Sullivan, Brendan O’Brien, " +#| "Brendan Schlagel, Brett Abbott, Brett Gaylor, Brian Dysart, Brian Lampl, " +#| "Brian Lipscomb, Brian S. Weis, Brian Schrader, Brian Walsh, Brian Walsh, " +#| "Brooke Dukes, Brooke Schreier Ganz, Bruce Lerner, Bruce Wilson, Bruno " +#| "Boutot, Bruno Girin, Bryan Mock, Bryant Durrell, Bryce Barbato, Buzz " +#| "Technology Limited, Byung-Geun Jeon, C. Glen Williams, C. L. Couch, Cable " +#| "Green, Callum Gare, Cameron Callahan, Cameron Colby Thomson, Cameron " +#| "Mulder, Camille Bissuel / Nylnook, Candace Robertson, Carl Morris, Carl " +#| "Perry, Carl Rigney, Carles Mateu, Carlos Correa Loyola, Carlos Solis, " +#| "Carmen Garcia Wiedenhoeft, Carol Long, Carol marquardsen, Caroline " +#| "Calomme, Caroline Mailloux, Carolyn Hinchliff, Carolyn Rude, Carrie " +#| "Cousins, Carrie Watkins, Casey Hunt, Casey Milford, Casey Powell " +#| "Shorthouse, Cat Cooper, Cecilie Maria, Cedric Howe, Cefn Hoile, " +#| "@ShrimpingIt, Celia Muller, Ces Keller, Chad Anderson, Charles Butler, " +#| "Charles Carstensen, Charles Chi Thoi Le, Charles Kobbe, Charles S. Tritt, " +#| "Charles Stanhope, Charlotte Ong-Wisener, Chealsye Bowley, Chelle " +#| "Destefano, Chenpang Chou, Cheryl Corte, Cheryl Todd, Chip Dickerson, Chip " +#| "McIntosh, Chris Bannister, Chris Betcher, Chris Coleman, Chris Conway, " +#| "Chris Foote (Spike), Chris Hurst, Chris Mitchell, Chris Muscat Azzopardi, " +#| "Chris Niewiarowski, Chris Opperwall, Chris Stieha, Chris Thorne, Chris " +#| "Weber, Chris Woolfrey, Chris Zabriskie, Christi Reid, Christian " +#| "Holzberger, Christian Schubert, Christian Sheehy, Christian Thibault, " +#| "Christian Villum, Christian Wachter, Christina Bennett, Christine Henry, " +#| "Christine Rico, Christopher Burrows, Christopher Chan, Christopher Clay, " +#| "Christopher Harris, Christopher Opiah, Christopher Swenson, Christos " +#| "Keramitsis, Chuck Roslof, Chutika Udomsinn, Claire Wardle, Clare Forrest, " +#| "Claudia Cristiani, Claudio Gallo, Claudio Ruiz, Clayton Dewey, Clement " +#| "Delort, Cliff Church, Clint Lalonde, Clint O’Connor, Cody Allard, Cody " +#| "Taylor, Colin Ayer, Colin Campbell, Colin Dean, Colin Mutchler, Colleen " +#| "Cressman, Comfy Nomad, Connie Roberts, Connor Bär, Connor Merkley, " +#| "Constantin Graf, Corbett Messa, Cory Chapman, Cosmic Wombat Games, Craig " +#| "Engler, Craig Heath, Craig Maloney, Craig Thomler, Creative Commons " +#| "Uruguay, Crina Kienle, Cristiano Gozzini, Curt McNamara, D C Petty, D. 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Rebelsky, " +#| "Samuel Goëta, Samuel Hauser, Samuel Landete, Samuel Oliveira Cersosimo, " +#| "Samuel Tait, Sandra Fauconnier, Sandra Markus, Sandy Bjar, Sandy ONeil, " +#| "Sang-Phil Ju, Sanjay Basu, Santiago Garcia, Sara Armstrong, Sara Lucca, " +#| "Sara Rodriguez Marin, Sarah Brand, Sarah Cove, Sarah Curran, Sarah Gold, " +#| "Sarah McGovern, Sarah Smith, Sarinee Achavanuntakul, Sasha Moss, Sasha " +#| "VanHoven, Saul Gasca, Scott Abbott, Scott Akerman, Scott Beattie, Scott " +#| "Bruinooge, Scott Conroy, Scott Gillespie, Scott Williams, Sean Anderson, " +#| "Sean Johnson, Sean Lim, Sean Wickett, Seb Schmoller, Sebastiaan Bekker, " +#| "Sebastiaan ter Burg, Sebastian Makowiecki, Sebastian Meyer, Sebastian " +#| "Schweizer, Sebastian Sigloch, Sebastien Huchet, Seokwon Yang, Sergey " +#| "Chernyshev, Sergey Storchay, Sergio Cardoso, Seth Drebitko, Seth Gover, " +#| "Seth Lepore, Shannon Turner, Sharon Clapp, Shauna Redmond, Shawn Gaston, " +#| "Shawn Martin, Shay Knohl, Shelby Hatfield, Sheldon (Vila) Widuch, Sheona " +#| "Thomson, Si Jie, Sicco van Sas, Siena Oristaglio, Simon Glover, Simon " +#| "John King, Simon Klose, Simon Law, Simon Linder, Simon Moffitt, Solomon " +#| "Kahn, Solomon Simon, Soujanna Sarkar, Stanislav Trifonov, Stefan Dumont, " +#| "Stefan Jansson, Stefan Langer, Stefan Lindblad, Stefano Guidotti, Stefano " +#| "Luzardi, Stephan Meißl, Stéphane Wojewoda, Stephanie Pereira, Stephen " +#| "Gates, Stephen Murphey, Stephen Pearce, Stephen Rose, Stephen Suen, " +#| "Stephen Walli, Stevan Matheson, Steve Battle, Steve Fisches, Steve " +#| "Fitzhugh, Steve Guen-gerich, Steve Ingram, Steve Kroy, Steve Midgley, " +#| "Steve Rhine, Steven Kasprzyk, Steven Knudsen, Steven Melvin, Stig-Jørund " +#| "B. Ö. Arnesen, Stuart Drewer, Stuart Maxwell, Stuart Reich, Subhendu " +#| "Ghosh, Sujal Shah, Sune Bøegh, Susan Chun, Susan R Grossman, Suzie Wiley, " +#| "Sven Fielitz, Swan/Starts, Sylvain Carle, Sylvain Chery, Sylvia Green, " +#| "Sylvia van Bruggen, Szabolcs Berecz, T. L. Mason, Tanbir Baeg, Tanya " +#| "Hart, Tara Tiger Brown, Tara Westover, Tarmo Toikkanen, Tasha Turner " +#| "Lennhoff, Tathagat Varma, Ted Timmons, Tej Dhawan, Teresa Gonczy, Terry " +#| "Hook, Theis Madsen, Theo M. Scholl, Theresa Bernardo, Thibault Badenas, " +#| "Thomas Bacig, Thomas Boehnlein, Thomas Bøvith, Thomas Chang, Thomas " +#| "Hartman, Thomas Kent, Thomas Morgan, Thomas Philipp-Edmonds, Thomas " +#| "Thrush, Thomas Werkmeister, Tieg Zaharia, Tieu Thuy Nguyen, Tim Chambers, " +#| "Tim Cook, Tim Evers, Tim Nichols, Tim Stahmer, Timothée Planté, Timothy " +#| "Arfsten, Timothy Hinchliff, Timothy Vollmer, Tina Coffman, Tisza Gergő, " +#| "Tobias Schonwetter, Todd Brown, Todd Pousley, Todd Sattersten, Tom " +#| "Bamford, Tom Caswell, Tom Goren, Tom Kent, Tom MacWright, Tom Maillioux, " +#| "Tom Merkli, Tom Merritt, Tom Myers, Tom Olijhoek, Tom Rubin, Tommaso De " +#| "Benetti, Tommy Dahlen, Tony Ciak, Tony Nwachukwu, Torsten Skomp, Tracey " +#| "Depellegrin, Tracey Henton, Tracey James, Traci Long DeForge, Trent " +#| "Yarwood, Trevor Hogue, Trey Blalock, Trey Hunner, Tryggvi Björgvinsson, " +#| "Tumuult, Tushar Roy, Tyler Occhiogrosso, Udo Blenkhorn, Uri Sivan, Vanja " +#| "Bobas, Vantharith Oum, Vaughan jenkins, Veethika Mishra, Vic King, Vickie " +#| "Goode, Victor DePina, Victor Grigas, Victoria Klassen, Victorien " +#| "Elvinger, VIGA Manufacture, Vikas Shah, Vinayak S.Kaujalgi, Vincent " +#| "O’Leary, Violette Paquet, Virginia Gentilini, Virginia Kopelman, Vitor " +#| "Menezes, Vivian Marthell, Wayne Mackintosh, Wendy Keenan, Werner " +#| "Wiethege, Wesley Derbyshire, Widar Hellwig, Willa Köerner, William " +#| "Bettridge-Radford, William Jefferson, William Marshall, William Peter " +#| "Nash, William Ray, William Robins, Willow Rosenberg, Winie Evers, " +#| "Wolfgang Renninger, Xavier Antoviaque, Xavier Hugonet, Xavier Moisant, " +#| "Xueqi Li, Yancey Strickler, Yann Heurtaux, Yasmine Hajjar, Yu-Hsian Sun, " +#| "Yves Deruisseau, Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua " +#| "de Haan, ZeMarmot Open Movie" msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -20397,7 +22312,7 @@ msgid "" "Kiefer, Dirk Loop, DJ Fusion - FuseBox Radio Broadcast, Dom jurkewitz, Dom " "Lane, Domi Enders, Domingo Gallardo, Dominic de Haas, Dominique Karadjian, " "Dongpo Deng, Donnovan Knight, Door de Flines, Doug Fitzpatrick, Doug Hoover, " -"Douglas Craver, Douglas Van Camp, Douglas Van Houweling, Dr. Braddlee, Drew " +"Douglas Craver, Douglas Van Camp, Douglas Van Houweling, Dr. Braddlee, Drew " "Spencer, Duncan Sample, Durand D’souza, Dylan Field, E C Humphries, Eamon " "Caddigan, Earleen Smith, Eden Sarid, Eden Spodek, Eduardo Belinchon, Eduardo " "Castro, Edwin Vandam, Einar Joergensen, Ejnar Brendsdal, Elad Wieder, Elar " @@ -20533,35 +22448,35 @@ msgid "" "Chelen, Mike Habicher, Mike Maloney, Mike Masnick, Mike McDaniel, Mike " "Pouraryan, Mike Sheldon, Mike Stop Continues, Mike Stringer, Mike " "Wittenstein, Mikkel Ovesen, Mikołaj Podlaszewski, Millie Gonzalez, Mindi " -"Lovell, Mindy Lin, Mirko “Macro” Fichtner, Mitch Featherston, Mitchell " -"Adams, Molika Oum, Molly Shaffer Van Houweling, Monica Mora, Morgan Loomis, " -"Moritz Schubert, Mrs. Paganini, Mushin Schilling, Mustafa K Calik, MD, Myk " -"Pilgrim, Myra Harmer, Nadine Forget-Dubois, Nagle Industries, LLC, Nah Wee " -"Yang, Natalie Brown, Natalie Freed, Nathan D Howell, Nathan Massey, Nathan " -"Miller, Neal Gorenflo, Neal McBurnett, Neal Stimler, Neil Wilson, Nele " -"Wollert, Neuchee Chang, Niall McDonagh, Niall Twohig, Nic McPhee, Nicholas " -"Bentley, Nicholas Koran, Nicholas Norfolk, Nicholas Potter, Nick Bell, Nick " -"Coghlan, Nick Isaacs, Nick M. Daly, Nick Vance, Nickolay Vedernikov, Nicky " -"Weaver-Weinberg, Nico Prin, Nicolas Weidinger, Nicole Hickman, Niek " -"Theunissen, Nigel Robertson, Nikki Thompson, Nikko Marie, Nikola Chernev, " -"Nils Lavesson, Noah Blumenson-Cook, Noah Fang, Noah Kardos-Fein, Noah " -"Meyerhans, Noel Hanigan, Noel Hart, Norrie Mailer, O.P. Gobée, Ohad Mayblum, " -"Olivia Wilson, Olivier De Doncker, Olivier Schulbaum, Olle Ahnve, Omar " -"Kaminski, Omar Willey, OpenBuilds, Ove Ødegård, Øystein Kjærnet, Pablo López " -"Soriano, Pablo Vasquez, Pacific Design, Paige Mackay, Papp István Péter, " -"Paris Marx, Parker Higgins, Pasquale Borriello, Pat Allan, Pat Hawks, Pat " -"Ludwig, Pat Sticks, Patricia Brennan, Patricia Rosnel, Patricia Wolf, " -"Patrick Berry, Patrick Beseda, Patrick Hurley, Patrick M. Lozeau, Patrick " -"McCabe, Patrick Nafarrete, Patrick Tanguay, Patrick von Hauff, Patrik " -"Kernstock, Patti J Ryan, Paul A Golder, Paul and Iris Brest, Paul Bailey, " -"Paul Bryan, Paul Bunkham, Paul Elosegui, Paul Hibbitts, Paul Jacobson, Paul " -"Keller, Paul Rowe, Paul Timpson, Paul Walker, Pavel Dostál, Peeter Sällström " -"Randsalu, Peggy Frith, Pen-Yuan Hsing, Penny Pearson, Per Åström, Perry " -"Jetter, Péter Fankhauser, Peter Hirtle, Peter Humphries, Peter Jenkins, " -"Peter Langmar, Peter le Roux, Peter Marinari, Peter Mengelers, Peter " -"O’Brien, Peter Pinch, Peter S. Crosby, Peter Wells, Petr Fristedt, Petr " -"Viktorin, Petronella Jeurissen, Phil Flickinger, Philip Chung, Philip " -"Pangrac, Philip R. Skaggs Jr., Philip Young, Philippa Lorne Channer, " +"Lovell, Mindy Lin, Mirko <quote>Macro</quote> Fichtner, Mitch Featherston, " +"Mitchell Adams, Molika Oum, Molly Shaffer Van Houweling, Monica Mora, Morgan " +"Loomis, Moritz Schubert, Mrs. Paganini, Mushin Schilling, Mustafa K Calik, " +"MD, Myk Pilgrim, Myra Harmer, Nadine Forget-Dubois, Nagle Industries, LLC, " +"Nah Wee Yang, Natalie Brown, Natalie Freed, Nathan D Howell, Nathan Massey, " +"Nathan Miller, Neal Gorenflo, Neal McBurnett, Neal Stimler, Neil Wilson, " +"Nele Wollert, Neuchee Chang, Niall McDonagh, Niall Twohig, Nic McPhee, " +"Nicholas Bentley, Nicholas Koran, Nicholas Norfolk, Nicholas Potter, Nick " +"Bell, Nick Coghlan, Nick Isaacs, Nick M. Daly, Nick Vance, Nickolay " +"Vedernikov, Nicky Weaver-Weinberg, Nico Prin, Nicolas Weidinger, Nicole " +"Hickman, Niek Theunissen, Nigel Robertson, Nikki Thompson, Nikko Marie, " +"Nikola Chernev, Nils Lavesson, Noah Blumenson-Cook, Noah Fang, Noah Kardos-" +"Fein, Noah Meyerhans, Noel Hanigan, Noel Hart, Norrie Mailer, O.P. Gobée, " +"Ohad Mayblum, Olivia Wilson, Olivier De Doncker, Olivier Schulbaum, Olle " +"Ahnve, Omar Kaminski, Omar Willey, OpenBuilds, Ove Ødegård, Øystein Kjærnet, " +"Pablo López Soriano, Pablo Vasquez, Pacific Design, Paige Mackay, Papp " +"István Péter, Paris Marx, Parker Higgins, Pasquale Borriello, Pat Allan, Pat " +"Hawks, Pat Ludwig, Pat Sticks, Patricia Brennan, Patricia Rosnel, Patricia " +"Wolf, Patrick Berry, Patrick Beseda, Patrick Hurley, Patrick M. Lozeau, " +"Patrick McCabe, Patrick Nafarrete, Patrick Tanguay, Patrick von Hauff, " +"Patrik Kernstock, Patti J Ryan, Paul A Golder, Paul and Iris Brest, Paul " +"Bailey, Paul Bryan, Paul Bunkham, Paul Elosegui, Paul Hibbitts, Paul " +"Jacobson, Paul Keller, Paul Rowe, Paul Timpson, Paul Walker, Pavel Dostál, " +"Peeter Sällström Randsalu, Peggy Frith, Pen-Yuan Hsing, Penny Pearson, Per " +"Åström, Perry Jetter, Péter Fankhauser, Peter Hirtle, Peter Humphries, Peter " +"Jenkins, Peter Langmar, Peter le Roux, Peter Marinari, Peter Mengelers, " +"Peter O’Brien, Peter Pinch, Peter S. Crosby, Peter Wells, Petr Fristedt, " +"Petr Viktorin, Petronella Jeurissen, Phil Flickinger, Philip Chung, Philip " +"Pangrac, Philip R. Skaggs Jr., Philip Young, Philippa Lorne Channer, " "Philippe Vandenbroeck, Pierluigi Luisi, Pierre Suter, Pieter-Jan Pauwels, " "Playground Inc., Pomax, Popenoe, Pouhiou Noenaute, Prilutskiy Kirill, " "Print3Dreams Ltd., Quentin Coispeau, R. Smith, Race DiLoreto, Rachel Mercer, " @@ -20569,36 +22484,36 @@ msgid "" "Ralph Chapoteau, Randall Kirby, Randy Brians, Raphaël Alexandre, Raphaël " "Schröder, Rasmus Jensen, Rayn Drahps, Rayna Stamboliyska, Rebecca Godar, " "Rebecca Lendl, Rebecca Weir, Regina Tschud, Remi Dino, Ric Herrero, Rich " -"McCue, Richard “TalkToMeGuy” Olson, Richard Best, Richard Blumberg, Richard " -"Fannon, Richard Heying, Richard Karnesky, Richard Kelly, Richard Littauer, " -"Richard Sobey, Richard White, Richard Winchell, Rik ToeWater, Rita Lewis, " -"Rita Wood, Riyadh Al Balushi, Rob Balder, Rob Berkley, Rob Bertholf, Rob " -"Emanuele, Rob McAuliffe, Rob McKaughan, Rob Tillie, Rob Utter, Rob Vincent, " -"Robert Gaffney, Robert Jones, Robert Kelly, Robert Lawlis, Robert McDonald, " -"Robert Orzanna, Robert Paterson Hunter, Robert R. Daniel Jr., Robert Ryan-" -"Silva, Robert Thompson, Robert Wagoner, Roberto Selvaggio, Robin DeRosa, " -"Robin Rist Kildal, Rodrigo Castilhos, Roger Bacon, Roger Saner, Roger So, " -"Roger Solé, Roger Tregear, Roland Tanglao, Rolf and Mari von Walthausen, " -"Rolf Egstad, Rolf Schaller, Ron Zuijlen, Ronald Bissell, Ronald van den " -"Hoff, Ronda Snow, Rory Landon Aronson, Ross Findlay, Ross Pruden, Ross " -"Williams, Rowan Skewes, Roy Ivy III, Ruben Flores, Rupert Hitzenberger, Rusi " -"Popov, Russ Antonucci, Russ Spollin, Russell Brand, Rute Correia, Ruth Ann " -"Carpenter, Ruth White, Ryan Mentock, Ryan Merkley, Ryan Price, Ryan Sasaki, " -"Ryan Singer, Ryan Voisin, Ryan Weir, S Searle, Salem Bin Kenaid, Salomon " -"Riedo, Sam Hokin, Sam Twidale, Samantha Levin, Samantha-Jayne Chapman, " -"Samarth Agarwal, Sami Al-AbdRabbuh, Samuel A. Rebelsky, Samuel Goëta, Samuel " -"Hauser, Samuel Landete, Samuel Oliveira Cersosimo, Samuel Tait, Sandra " -"Fauconnier, Sandra Markus, Sandy Bjar, Sandy ONeil, Sang-Phil Ju, Sanjay " -"Basu, Santiago Garcia, Sara Armstrong, Sara Lucca, Sara Rodriguez Marin, " -"Sarah Brand, Sarah Cove, Sarah Curran, Sarah Gold, Sarah McGovern, Sarah " -"Smith, Sarinee Achavanuntakul, Sasha Moss, Sasha VanHoven, Saul Gasca, Scott " -"Abbott, Scott Akerman, Scott Beattie, Scott Bruinooge, Scott Conroy, Scott " -"Gillespie, Scott Williams, Sean Anderson, Sean Johnson, Sean Lim, Sean " -"Wickett, Seb Schmoller, Sebastiaan Bekker, Sebastiaan ter Burg, Sebastian " -"Makowiecki, Sebastian Meyer, Sebastian Schweizer, Sebastian Sigloch, " -"Sebastien Huchet, Seokwon Yang, Sergey Chernyshev, Sergey Storchay, Sergio " -"Cardoso, Seth Drebitko, Seth Gover, Seth Lepore, Shannon Turner, Sharon " -"Clapp, Shauna Redmond, Shawn Gaston, Shawn Martin, Shay Knohl, Shelby " +"McCue, Richard <quote>TalkToMeGuy</quote> Olson, Richard Best, Richard " +"Blumberg, Richard Fannon, Richard Heying, Richard Karnesky, Richard Kelly, " +"Richard Littauer, Richard Sobey, Richard White, Richard Winchell, Rik " +"ToeWater, Rita Lewis, Rita Wood, Riyadh Al Balushi, Rob Balder, Rob Berkley, " +"Rob Bertholf, Rob Emanuele, Rob McAuliffe, Rob McKaughan, Rob Tillie, Rob " +"Utter, Rob Vincent, Robert Gaffney, Robert Jones, Robert Kelly, Robert " +"Lawlis, Robert McDonald, Robert Orzanna, Robert Paterson Hunter, Robert R. " +"Daniel Jr., Robert Ryan-Silva, Robert Thompson, Robert Wagoner, Roberto " +"Selvaggio, Robin DeRosa, Robin Rist Kildal, Rodrigo Castilhos, Roger Bacon, " +"Roger Saner, Roger So, Roger Solé, Roger Tregear, Roland Tanglao, Rolf and " +"Mari von Walthausen, Rolf Egstad, Rolf Schaller, Ron Zuijlen, Ronald " +"Bissell, Ronald van den Hoff, Ronda Snow, Rory Landon Aronson, Ross Findlay, " +"Ross Pruden, Ross Williams, Rowan Skewes, Roy Ivy III, Ruben Flores, Rupert " +"Hitzenberger, Rusi Popov, Russ Antonucci, Russ Spollin, Russell Brand, Rute " +"Correia, Ruth Ann Carpenter, Ruth White, Ryan Mentock, Ryan Merkley, Ryan " +"Price, Ryan Sasaki, Ryan Singer, Ryan Voisin, Ryan Weir, S Searle, Salem Bin " +"Kenaid, Salomon Riedo, Sam Hokin, Sam Twidale, Samantha Levin, Samantha-" +"Jayne Chapman, Samarth Agarwal, Sami Al-AbdRabbuh, Samuel A. Rebelsky, " +"Samuel Goëta, Samuel Hauser, Samuel Landete, Samuel Oliveira Cersosimo, " +"Samuel Tait, Sandra Fauconnier, Sandra Markus, Sandy Bjar, Sandy ONeil, Sang-" +"Phil Ju, Sanjay Basu, Santiago Garcia, Sara Armstrong, Sara Lucca, Sara " +"Rodriguez Marin, Sarah Brand, Sarah Cove, Sarah Curran, Sarah Gold, Sarah " +"McGovern, Sarah Smith, Sarinee Achavanuntakul, Sasha Moss, Sasha VanHoven, " +"Saul Gasca, Scott Abbott, Scott Akerman, Scott Beattie, Scott Bruinooge, " +"Scott Conroy, Scott Gillespie, Scott Williams, Sean Anderson, Sean Johnson, " +"Sean Lim, Sean Wickett, Seb Schmoller, Sebastiaan Bekker, Sebastiaan ter " +"Burg, Sebastian Makowiecki, Sebastian Meyer, Sebastian Schweizer, Sebastian " +"Sigloch, Sebastien Huchet, Seokwon Yang, Sergey Chernyshev, Sergey Storchay, " +"Sergio Cardoso, Seth Drebitko, Seth Gover, Seth Lepore, Shannon Turner, " +"Sharon Clapp, Shauna Redmond, Shawn Gaston, Shawn Martin, Shay Knohl, Shelby " "Hatfield, Sheldon (Vila) Widuch, Sheona Thomson, Si Jie, Sicco van Sas, " "Siena Oristaglio, Simon Glover, Simon John King, Simon Klose, Simon Law, " "Simon Linder, Simon Moffitt, Solomon Kahn, Solomon Simon, Soujanna Sarkar, " @@ -20608,7 +22523,7 @@ msgid "" "Stephen Rose, Stephen Suen, Stephen Walli, Stevan Matheson, Steve Battle, " "Steve Fisches, Steve Fitzhugh, Steve Guen-gerich, Steve Ingram, Steve Kroy, " "Steve Midgley, Steve Rhine, Steven Kasprzyk, Steven Knudsen, Steven Melvin, " -"Stig-Jørund B. Ö. Arnesen, Stuart Drewer, Stuart Maxwell, Stuart Reich, " +"Stig-Jørund B. Ö. Arnesen, Stuart Drewer, Stuart Maxwell, Stuart Reich, " "Subhendu Ghosh, Sujal Shah, Sune Bøegh, Susan Chun, Susan R Grossman, Suzie " "Wiley, Sven Fielitz, Swan/Starts, Sylvain Carle, Sylvain Chery, Sylvia " "Green, Sylvia van Bruggen, Szabolcs Berecz, T. L. Mason, Tanbir Baeg, Tanya " @@ -20640,7 +22555,7 @@ msgid "" "ZeMarmot Open Movie" msgstr "" "A todo el resto de los patrocinadores de Kickstarter (ordenados " -"alfabéticamente por nombre): A. Lee, Aaron C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron " +"alfabéticamente por nombre): A. Lee, Aaron C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron " "Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham Taherivand, Adam Croom, Adam Finer, Adam " "Hansen, Adam Morris, Adam Procter, Adam Quirk, Adam Rory Porter, Adam " "Simmons, Adam Tinworth, Adam Zimmerman, Adrian Ho, Adrian Smith, Adriane " @@ -20650,7 +22565,7 @@ msgstr "" "Ross Shaw, Alexander Bartl, Alexander Brown, Alexander Brunner, Alexander " "Eliesen, Alexander Hawson, Alexander Klar, Alexander Neumann, Alexander " "Plaum, Alexander Wendland, Alexandre Rafalovitch, Alexey Volkow, Alexi " -"Wheeler, Alexis Sevault, Alfredo Louro, Ali Sternburg, Alicia Gibb & " +"Wheeler, Alexis Sevault, Alfredo Louro, Ali Sternburg, Alicia Gibb & " "Lunchbox Electronics, Alison Link, Alison Pentecost, Alistair Boettiger, " "Alistair Walder, Alix Bernier, Allan Callaghan, Allen Riddell, Allison " "Breland Crotwell, Allison Jane Smith, Álvaro Justen, Amanda Palmer, Amanda " @@ -20664,7 +22579,7 @@ msgstr "" "Angeliki Kapoglou, Angus Keenan, Anne-Marie Scott, Antero Garcia, Antoine " "Authier, Antoine Michard, Anton Kurkin, Anton Porsche, Antònia Folguera, " "António Ornelas, Antonis Triantafyllakis, aois21 publishing, April Johnson, " -"Aria F. Chernik, Ariane Allan, Ariel Katz, Arithmomaniac, Arnaud Tessier, " +"Aria F. Chernik, Ariane Allan, Ariel Katz, Arithmomaniac, Arnaud Tessier, " "Arnim Sommer, Ashima Bawa, Ashley Elsdon, Athanassios Diacakis, Aurora " "Thornton, Aurore Chavet Henry, Austin Hartzheim, Austin Tolentino, Avner " "Shanan, Axel Pettersson, Axel Stieglbauer, Ay Okpokam, Barb Bartkowiak, " @@ -20692,7 +22607,7 @@ msgstr "" "Cousins, Carrie Watkins, Casey Hunt, Casey Milford, Casey Powell Shorthouse, " "Cat Cooper, Cecilie Maria, Cedric Howe, Cefn Hoile, @ShrimpingIt, Celia " "Muller, Ces Keller, Chad Anderson, Charles Butler, Charles Carstensen, " -"Charles Chi Thoi Le, Charles Kobbe, Charles S. Tritt, Charles Stanhope, " +"Charles Chi Thoi Le, Charles Kobbe, Charles S. Tritt, Charles Stanhope, " "Charlotte Ong-Wisener, Chealsye Bowley, Chelle Destefano, Chenpang Chou, " "Cheryl Corte, Cheryl Todd, Chip Dickerson, Chip McIntosh, Chris Bannister, " "Chris Betcher, Chris Coleman, Chris Conway, Chris Foote (Spike), Chris " @@ -20721,7 +22636,7 @@ msgstr "" "Bailey, David Cheung, David Eriksson, David Gallagher, David H. Bronke, " "David Hartley, David Hellam, David Hood, David Hunter, David jlaietta, David " "Lewis, David Mason, David Mcconville, David Mikula, David Nelson, David " -"Orban, David Parry, David Spira, David T. Kindler, David Varnes, David " +"Orban, David Parry, David Spira, David T. Kindler, David Varnes, David " "Wiley, David Wormley, Deborah Nas, Denis Jean, dennis straub, Dennis " "Whittle, Denver Gingerich, Derek Slater, Devon Cooke, Diana Pasek-Atkinson, " "Diane Johnston Graves, Diane K. Kovacs, Diane Trout, Diderik van Wingerden, " @@ -20730,7 +22645,7 @@ msgstr "" "Broadcast, Dom jurkewitz, Dom Lane, Domi Enders, Domingo Gallardo, Dominic " "de Haas, Dominique Karadjian, Dongpo Deng, Donnovan Knight, Door de Flines, " "Doug Fitzpatrick, Doug Hoover, Douglas Craver, Douglas Van Camp, Douglas Van " -"Houweling, Dr. Braddlee, Drew Spencer, Duncan Sample, Durand D’souza, Dylan " +"Houweling, Dr. Braddlee, Drew Spencer, Duncan Sample, Durand D’souza, Dylan " "Field, E C Humphries, Eamon Caddigan, Earleen Smith, Eden Sarid, Eden " "Spodek, Eduardo Belinchon, Eduardo Castro, Edwin Vandam, Einar Joergensen, " "Ejnar Brendsdal, Elad Wieder, Elar Haljas, Elena Valhalla, Eli Doran, Elias " @@ -20753,7 +22668,7 @@ msgstr "" "Gaurav Kapil, Gauthier de Valensart, Gavin Gray, Gavin Romig-Koch, Geoff " "Wood, Geoffrey Lehr, George Baier IV, George De Bruin, George Lawie, George " "Strakhov, Gerard Gorman, Geronimo de la Lama, Gianpaolo Rando, Gil Stendig, " -"Gino Cingolani Trucco, Giovanna Sala, Glen Moffat, Glenn D. Jones, Glenn " +"Gino Cingolani Trucco, Giovanna Sala, Glen Moffat, Glenn D. Jones, Glenn " "Otis Brown, Global Lives Project, Gorm Lai, Govindarajan Umakanthan, Graham " "Bird, Graham Freeman, Graham Heath, Graham Jones, Graham Smith-Gordon, " "Graham Vowles, Greg Brodsky, Greg Malone, Grégoire Detrez, Gregory " @@ -20775,4 +22690,243 @@ msgstr "" "James Docherty, James Ellars, James K Wood, James Tyler, Jamie Finlay, Jamie " "Stevens, Jamil Khatib, Jan E Ellison, Jan Gondol, Jan Sepp, Jan Zuppinger, " "Jane Finette, jane Lofton, Jane Mason, Jane Park, Janos Kovacs, Jasmina " -"Bricic, Jason Blasso, Jason Chu" +"Bricic, Jason Blasso, Jason Chu, Jason Cole, Jason E. 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Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " +#~ "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " +#~ "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" + +#~ msgid "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." +#~ msgstr "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." + +#~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons" +#~ msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons" + +#~ msgid "Enterprise engagements" +#~ msgstr "Compromisos empresariales" + +#~ msgid "Different views on resources" +#~ msgstr "Diferentes puntos de vista sobre recursos" + +#~ msgid "Long ago" +#~ msgstr "Hace mucho tiempo" + +#~ msgid "State takeover of the commons" +#~ msgstr "Adquisición estatal de los bienes comunes" + +#~ msgid "Today" +#~ msgstr "Hoy"