X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-madewithcc.git/blobdiff_plain/cbb4ff7333c88cd6e369b5c54cf9cf681b343f5d..0976fb773d0c7ddeb15ab3809d53ee2dbf718017:/po/nb/mwcc.po diff --git a/po/nb/mwcc.po b/po/nb/mwcc.po index d33e98f..ce76dcc 100644 --- a/po/nb/mwcc.po +++ b/po/nb/mwcc.po @@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-03-03 06:03+0000\n" -"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-03-04 15:54+0000\n" -"Last-Translator: Petter Reinholdtsen \n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-03-11 07:05+0000\n" +"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-03-11 12:43+0000\n" +"Last-Translator: Ingrid Yrvin \n" "Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål " "\n" "Language: nb\n" @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ msgstr "nb" #. type: Content of: #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:56 msgid "" "This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can " "copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any " @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ msgstr "" #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:27 #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41 msgid "Made with Creative Commons" -msgstr "Laget med Creative Commons" +msgstr "Lisensiert med Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:30 @@ -121,28 +121,31 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: #: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48 msgid "" -"Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, " +"Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, ." msgstr "" -"Illustrasjoner av Bryan Mathers, " +"Illustrasjoner av Bryan Mathers, ." #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:49 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:50 msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf." msgstr "Utgiver: Petter Reinholdtsen." +#. space for information about translators #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:51 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 msgid " " -msgstr " Oversatt a " +msgstr "" +" Oversatt til bokmål av Ole-Erik Yrvin, Ingrid Yrvin, Allan Nordhøy, Thomas " +"Gramstad og Petter Reinholdtsen. " #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52 -msgid "Downloadable e-book available at " +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54 +msgid "Downloadable e-book available at ." msgstr "" -"Nedlastbar e-bok er tilgjengelig fra " +"Nedlastbar e-bok er tilgjengelig fra ." #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:63 msgid "" "Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative " "Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com " @@ -152,8 +155,53 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons og bidragsytere fra vår folkefinansieringskampanje på " "Kickstarter.com-plattformen." +#. type: Content of: +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:66 +msgid "" +"This edition of the book is maintained on , and the translations are maintained on . If you find any " +"error in the book, please let us know via gitlab." +msgstr "" +"Denne utgaven av boken vedlikeholdes på , og oversettelsene vedlikeholdes på . Hvis du finner noen " +"feil i boken, så setter vi pris på om du gir oss beskjed via gitlab." + +#. type: Content of: +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:72 +msgid "Classifications:" +msgstr "Klassifiseringer:" + +#. type: Content of: +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:75 +msgid "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" +msgstr "(Dewey) 346.048, 347.78" + +#. type: Content of: +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:78 +#, fuzzy +msgid "(UDK) ?" +msgstr "(UDK) ?" + +#. type: Content of: +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:81 +msgid "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" +msgstr "(US Library of Congress) Z286 O63 S73 2017" + +#. type: Content of: +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +msgid "(Melvil) 025.523" +msgstr "(Melvil) 025.523" + +#. type: Content of: +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:87 +#, fuzzy +msgid "(ACM CRCS) ?" +msgstr "(ACM CRCS) ?" + #. type: Content of:
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:94 msgid "" "“I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I " "think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like " @@ -169,17 +217,17 @@ msgstr "" "fleste av oss har en sjanse til i våre daglige liv.»" #. type: Content of:
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:77 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:102 msgid "— David Foster Wallace" msgstr "— David Foster Wallace" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:82 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:107 msgid "Foreword" msgstr "Forord" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:109 msgid "" "Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met " "with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of " @@ -197,7 +245,7 @@ msgstr "" "kalte jakten på fungerende forretningsmodeller via CC en blindvei." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:118 msgid "" "He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative " "Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: " @@ -212,7 +260,7 @@ msgstr "" "er et middel til et sosialt mål, ikke målet selv. »" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:101 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:126 msgid "" "In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s " "words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: “Entering the arts " @@ -227,7 +275,7 @@ msgstr "" "selvfølgelig, noen vinner alltid i et lotteri.»" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134 msgid "" "Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost " "nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your " @@ -244,7 +292,7 @@ msgstr "" "på sine verdier." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:143 msgid "" "So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to " "create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards " @@ -258,7 +306,7 @@ msgstr "" "vitser og spill.»" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:150 msgid "" "Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by " "collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the " @@ -270,13 +318,12 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons fokuserer på å bygge levende, nyttige allmenninger, drevet " "av samarbeid og takknemlighet. Å få til samarbeidsfelleskap (communities) er " "kjernen i vår strategi. Med det i mente startet Creative Commons dette " -"bokprosjektet. Ledet av Paul og Sarah, gikk prosjektet i gang med å definere " -"og fremme de beste åpne forretningsmodellene. Paul og Sarah var ideelle " -"forfatterne skrive Made with Creative Commons: Laget med kreative " -"allmenninger." +"bokprosjektet. Med Paul og Sarah i ledelsen, gikk prosjektet i gang med å " +"definere og fremme de beste åpne forretningsmodellene. Paul og Sarah var " +"hovedforfatterne til Laget med Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:159 msgid "" "Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation " "overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of " @@ -295,7 +342,7 @@ msgstr "" "inspirerer kolleger og samfunn." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:143 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:168 msgid "" "Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of " "people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past " @@ -317,7 +364,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer å debattere med." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:180 msgid "" "As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They " "researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and " @@ -338,7 +385,7 @@ msgstr "" "nyttig." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:191 msgid "" "From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles " "and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, " @@ -353,7 +400,7 @@ msgstr "" "eksempel på en åpen forretningsmodell." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:199 msgid "" "For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a " "Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The " @@ -370,7 +417,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:208 msgid "" "Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, " "drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged " @@ -389,7 +436,7 @@ msgstr "" "bedre prosjekt." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:193 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:218 msgid "" "Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are " "part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a " @@ -400,7 +447,7 @@ msgstr "" "gave. Hva de får tilbake er takknemlighet og et fellesskap." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:199 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:224 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I " "reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer " @@ -417,7 +464,7 @@ msgstr "" "dele med et globalt publikum på den måten de velger." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:233 msgid "" "Sarah writes, “Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when " "community is built around what they do. This may mean a community " @@ -444,7 +491,7 @@ msgstr "" "virkelig verdi for dem.»" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:247 msgid "" "This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a " "roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social " @@ -464,7 +511,7 @@ msgstr "" "inspirasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:257 msgid "" "In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article “The Zones of Cyberspace”, CC founder " "Lawrence Lessig wrote, “Cyberspace is a place. People live there. They " @@ -482,7 +529,7 @@ msgstr "" "blant fremmede, blant dem de lærer å kjenne, og noen ganger like.»" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:266 msgid "" "I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for " "the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to " @@ -497,27 +544,27 @@ msgstr "" "Johnathan Nightingale ofte sier: «Alt er laget av mennesker.»" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:274 msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons." msgstr "Det er den sanne verdien av ting som er laget med Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:277 msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:280 msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis>Daglig leder, Creative Commons</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:259 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:284 msgid "Introduction" msgstr "Introduksjon" #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:286 msgid "" "This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a " "twist." @@ -526,7 +573,7 @@ msgstr "" "men med en vri." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:290 msgid "" "We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and " "businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work " @@ -550,7 +597,7 @@ msgstr "" "forretningsmodell." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:302 msgid "" "Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this " "project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, " @@ -566,7 +613,7 @@ msgstr "" "litteraturen." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:310 msgid "" "But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way " "of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing." @@ -575,7 +622,7 @@ msgstr "" "måte å ramme inn arbeidet på, samsvarte ikke med de historiene vi hørte." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:315 msgid "" "Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and " "seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing " @@ -590,7 +637,7 @@ msgstr "" "opprettholde driften." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:323 msgid "" "They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business " "model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. " @@ -605,7 +652,7 @@ msgstr "" "ikke «slik vi vanligvis gjør det»." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:331 msgid "" "We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen " "overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in " @@ -623,7 +670,7 @@ msgstr "" "halvannet år." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:315 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:340 msgid "" "Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of " "understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other " @@ -642,7 +689,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjennom våre ulike seksjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:325 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:350 msgid "" "While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section " "reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts." @@ -651,7 +698,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer eller mindre uavhengig av hverandre. Boken er organisert i to hoveddeler." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:355 msgid "" "Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. " "He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the " @@ -668,7 +715,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:363 msgid "" "The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means " "to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one " @@ -687,7 +734,7 @@ msgstr "" "verdier, og hvordan de bygger forbindelser med folk de deler med." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:373 msgid "" "And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different " "Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more " @@ -700,18 +747,18 @@ msgstr "" "modellen i tradisjonell opphavsrett - er den eneste måten å tjene penger på." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:380 msgid "" "Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, " "businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated " "in the interviews, we divided up the writing of these profiles." msgstr "" -"Del to av boken består av de fireogtyve historiene til aktører, bedrifter og " +"Del to av boken består av de tjuefire historiene til aktører, bedrifter og " "organisasjoner vi intervjuet. Begge deltok i intervjuene, mens vi fordelte " "skrivingen av profilene." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:386 msgid "" "Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative " "Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, " @@ -722,7 +769,7 @@ msgstr "" "lokaliser, og bygg gjerne videre på dette arbeidet." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:391 msgid "" "Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at " "and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has " @@ -737,34 +784,34 @@ msgstr "" "bedre." #. type: Content of: <book><preface><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:398 msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>" msgstr "<emphasis>Paul og Sarah </emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:402 msgid "The Big Picture" msgstr "Det store bildet" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:404 msgid "The New World of Digital Commons" msgstr "Digital Commons nye verden" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:406 msgid "Paul Stacey" msgstr "Paul Stacey" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:416 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14." msgstr "" "Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Köhler, 2013), 14." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:409 msgid "" "Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as “the air and oceans, the " "web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the commons. " @@ -783,7 +830,7 @@ msgstr "" "kalligrafi.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:421 msgid "" "In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital " "commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad " @@ -804,7 +851,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons til å dele sine ressurser tilkoblet Internett." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." @@ -813,12 +860,12 @@ msgstr "" "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:444 msgid "Ibid., 15." msgstr "Ibid., 15." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:432 msgid "" "The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the " "social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to " @@ -844,17 +891,17 @@ msgstr "" "bærekraft." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:451 msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State" msgstr "Almenningen, markedet, og staten" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:457 msgid "Ibid., 145." msgstr "Ibid., 145." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:453 msgid "" "Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share " "wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the " @@ -867,12 +914,12 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:466 msgid "Ibid., 175." msgstr "Ibid., 175." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:461 msgid "" "The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way " "they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or " @@ -894,7 +941,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjelder for markeder eller det offentlige." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:473 msgid "" "Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of " "engagement with commons, state, and market." @@ -903,7 +950,7 @@ msgstr "" "allemannseie, det offentlige og markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:477 msgid "" "Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with " "little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies " @@ -924,7 +971,7 @@ msgstr "" "annen påvirker sammensetningen av de normer de styrer etter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:488 msgid "" "All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and " "sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate " @@ -941,7 +988,7 @@ msgstr "" "sterk følelse av verdier, og evnen til å kombinere det beste fra begge." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:497 msgid "" "The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of " "the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and " @@ -955,15 +1002,15 @@ msgstr "" "for å fremme allemannseie." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:479 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:511 msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market." msgstr "" "En bedrifts varierende grad av engasjement med allemannseie, det offentlige " "og markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:507 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " @@ -974,17 +1021,17 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:481 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:648 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:929 msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:492 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:517 msgid "" "It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage " "resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves " @@ -1004,12 +1051,12 @@ msgstr "" "for suksess." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:528 msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource" msgstr "De fire aspektene ved en ressurs" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:533 msgid "" "Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " "Commons for the Knowledge Commons,” in Governing Knowledge Commons, eds. " @@ -1022,7 +1069,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530 msgid "" "As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework " "for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder " @@ -1042,7 +1089,7 @@ msgstr "" "kapitlet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:546 msgid "" "To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state " "work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource " @@ -1058,13 +1105,13 @@ msgstr "" "(se Fig. 2)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:554 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:560 msgid "Four aspects of resource management" -msgstr "Fire apekter ved ressursbehandling" +msgstr "Fire aspekter ved ressursbehandling" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:556 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " @@ -1075,12 +1122,12 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:566 msgid "Characteristics" msgstr "Karakteristika" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:568 msgid "" "Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way " "they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—" @@ -1093,7 +1140,7 @@ msgstr "" "som påvirker det iboende ressurspotensialet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:575 msgid "" "Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource " "and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and " @@ -1112,7 +1159,7 @@ msgstr "" "gode, krever vanligvis at man benytter markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:586 msgid "" "Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital " "resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and " @@ -1131,7 +1178,7 @@ msgstr "" "iboende karakteristikk ved digitale ressurser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:596 msgid "" "The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital " "resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be " @@ -1146,7 +1193,7 @@ msgstr "" "digitale ressurser i allmenninger gjør dem gratis og rikelige." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:604 msgid "" "Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as " "digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The " @@ -1165,7 +1212,7 @@ msgstr "" "konvertere en digital ressurs til en fysisk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:615 msgid "" "Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state " "conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources " @@ -1184,12 +1231,12 @@ msgstr "" "generasjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 msgid "People and processes" msgstr "Folk og prosesser" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 msgid "" "In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes " "are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say " @@ -1200,7 +1247,7 @@ msgstr "" "innflytelse og hvordan en ressurs skal håndteres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:633 msgid "" "In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing " "resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those " @@ -1217,7 +1264,7 @@ msgstr "" "administrerer ressurser basert på regjeringens prioriteringer og prosedyrer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:642 msgid "" "In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and " "consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce " @@ -1234,7 +1281,7 @@ msgstr "" "grunnlag av en betalingstransaksjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 msgid "" "Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93." @@ -1243,7 +1290,7 @@ msgstr "" "and the Commons (New York: Zed bøker, 2014), 93." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:651 msgid "" "In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more " "directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -1273,13 +1320,13 @@ msgstr "" "fellesskapseie mindre anonymt og mer personlig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:646 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:678 msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources." msgstr "Hvordan markedet, fellesskap og staten oppfatter ressurser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:674 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " @@ -1290,12 +1337,12 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:685 msgid "Norms and rules" msgstr "Normer og regler" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:687 msgid "" "The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, " "market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules " @@ -1307,7 +1354,7 @@ msgstr "" "disputter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 msgid "" "State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to " "priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and " @@ -1322,7 +1369,7 @@ msgstr "" "allemannseie gjennom de reglene som lages." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:701 msgid "" "Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce " "resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws " @@ -1333,12 +1380,12 @@ msgstr "" "definert av staten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:713 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:706 msgid "" "As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, " "regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely " @@ -1355,12 +1402,12 @@ msgstr "" "bærekraftighet.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:718 msgid "Goals" msgstr "Mål" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:720 msgid "" "The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s " "inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape " @@ -1373,7 +1420,7 @@ msgstr "" "allmenninger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:732 msgid "" "Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, “The Economics of Information in a Post-" "Carbon Economy,” in Free Knowledge: Confronting the Commodification of Human " @@ -1386,7 +1433,7 @@ msgstr "" "University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:727 msgid "" "In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we " "pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility " @@ -1402,7 +1449,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortjeneste og vekst, og alle disse er måter å måle markedet på." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:742 msgid "" "The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the " "economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, " @@ -1418,7 +1465,7 @@ msgstr "" "målene. Statlige mål gjenspeiles i mål på livskvalitet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:751 msgid "" "In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, " "participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by " @@ -1435,7 +1482,7 @@ msgstr "" "måter til fordel for personlige og sosiale goder." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:760 msgid "" "As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success " "and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their " @@ -1448,12 +1495,12 @@ msgstr "" "ressurshåndtering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:768 msgid "A Short History of the Commons" msgstr "Commons korte historie" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:770 msgid "" "Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical " "continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state " @@ -1466,10 +1513,10 @@ msgstr "" "kontinuum. Men i det moderne samfunn dominerer markedet og staten " "diskusjonen om hvordan ressurser best håndteres. Sjelden er allmenneie " "engang vurdert som et alternativ. Allmenneie har i stor grad forsvunnet fra " -"bevissthet og omtanke. Det finnes ingen nyheter eller taler om allemenninger." +"bevissthet og omtanke. Det finnes ingen nyheter eller taler om allmenninger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:779 msgid "" "But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons " "around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. " @@ -1483,7 +1530,7 @@ msgstr "" "den pågående fornyelsen er det nyttig å vite noe om historien." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:790 msgid "" "Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for " "the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, " @@ -1494,7 +1541,7 @@ msgstr "" "2014), 42–43." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:786 msgid "" "For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed " "resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and " @@ -1514,13 +1561,13 @@ msgstr "" "illustrerer allemannseie i forhold til stat og marked.)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:776 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:782 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:807 msgid "In preindustrialized society." msgstr "I det førindustrielle samfunnet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:803 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " @@ -1531,12 +1578,12 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:816 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:795 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:820 msgid "" "Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; " @@ -1547,7 +1594,7 @@ msgstr "" "og Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 88." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:813 msgid "" "This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking " "over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the " @@ -1566,7 +1613,7 @@ msgstr "" "primære verktøy for styring av disse ressursene. (Se Fig. 5)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:829 msgid "" "Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and " "political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. " @@ -1583,21 +1630,21 @@ msgstr "" "og politisk utvalgte. Vanlige borgere ble fordrevet fra landområdene og " "flyttet til byer. Med fremveksten av den industrielle revolusjonen ble " "landområder og ressurser solgt til bedrifter for å støtte produksjon. " -"Folkevalgte forsamlinger overtok etter hvert fra monarkier. Vanlige borgere " +"Folkevalgte forsamlinger tok etter hvert over fra monarkier. Vanlige borgere " "ble arbeidere som tjente penger ved å betjene maskiner i industrien. Finans, " "virksomhet (business) og eiendomsrett ble omdannet av regjeringene til å " "støtte markeder, vekst og produktivitet. Over tid ga tilgang til " "markedsproduserte varer en økende levestandard, bedre helse og utdanning. " -"Fig. 6 viser hvordan markedet i dag er hovedmåten for ressurhåndtering." +"Fig. 6 viser hvordan markedet i dag er hovedmåten for ressurshåndtering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:818 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:843 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:849 msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state." msgstr "Commons er gradvis erstattet av staten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " @@ -1608,7 +1655,7 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:855 msgid "" "However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of " "the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation." @@ -1617,7 +1664,7 @@ msgstr "" "blitt motvirket av ulik fordeling og rovdrift." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:835 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:860 msgid "" "Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay “The " "Tragedy of the Commons,” published in Science in 1968. Hardin argues that " @@ -1627,16 +1674,16 @@ msgid "" "Hardin’s essay became widely accepted as an economic truism and a " "justification for private property and free markets." msgstr "" -"Overutnyttelse var tema for Garrett Hardins innflytelsesrike essay om «The " -"Tragedy of the Commons», publisert i Science i 1968. Hardin hevder at alle i " -"et allmenneie søker å maksimere personlig vinning, og vil fortsette å gjøre " -"det selv når allmenningens grenser er nådd. Felleseiet blir så, tragisk " -"nok, utarmet til et punkt hvor det ikke lenger understøtter noen. Hardins " -"essay ble allment akseptert som en økonomisk sannhet og en begrunnelse for " -"privat eiendom og frie markeder." +"Overutnyttelse var tema for Garrett Hardins innflytelsesrike essay om " +"«Allmenningens tragedie», publisert i Science i 1968. Hardin hevder at alle " +"i et allmenneie søker å maksimere personlig vinning, og vil fortsette å " +"gjøre det selv når allmenningens grenser er nådd. Felleseiet blir så, " +"tragisk nok, utarmet til et punkt hvor det ikke lenger understøtter noen. " +"Hardins essay ble allment akseptert som en økonomisk sannhet og en " +"begrunnelse for privat eiendom og frie markeder." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:887 msgid "" "Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, " "“Governing Knowledge Commons,” in Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg " @@ -1647,7 +1694,7 @@ msgstr "" "Governing Knowledge Commons, 12." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:870 msgid "" "However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s “The Tragedy of the " "Commons”—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons work. " @@ -1682,7 +1729,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:893 msgid "" "Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His " "model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-" @@ -1699,12 +1746,12 @@ msgstr "" "Ostrom fant, i virkeligheten, å håndtere felles ressurser sammen, danner et " "fellesskap og oppfordrer til meningsutveksling. Dette generer naturligvis " "normer og regler som hjelpe folk til å arbeide sammen, og sikre et " -"bærekraftig felleseie. Paradoksalt nok, mens Hardins essay kalles The " -"tragedy of the Commons, burde det kanskje mer nøyaktig hatt tittelen The " -"Tragedy of the Market." +"bærekraftig felleseie. Paradoksalt nok, mens Hardins essay kalles " +"Allmenningens tragedie, burde det kanskje mer nøyaktig hatt tittelen " +"Markedets tragedie." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:909 msgid "" "Farley and Kubiszewski, “Economics of Information,” in Elliott and Hepting, " "Free Knowledge, 203." @@ -1713,7 +1760,7 @@ msgstr "" "Free Knowledge, 203." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:905 msgid "" "Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists " "have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is " @@ -1736,7 +1783,7 @@ msgstr "" "vanlige normer og regler." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:920 msgid "" "When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there " "is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state " @@ -1749,13 +1796,13 @@ msgstr "" "tilgjengelige for allmennheten som betalte for dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:902 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:927 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:934 msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today." msgstr "Hvordan markedet, staten og commons ser ut i dag." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:905 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:930 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> " @@ -1766,12 +1813,12 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:941 msgid "The Digital Revolution" msgstr "Den digitale revolusjonen" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:943 msgid "" "In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each " "other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified " @@ -1782,12 +1829,12 @@ msgstr "" "bevegelsen denne delingspraksisen til et sett med prinsipper og friheter:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:951 msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose." msgstr "Frihet til å kjøre et program som du ønsker, for ethvert formål." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:957 msgid "" "The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the " "source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing " @@ -1798,12 +1845,12 @@ msgstr "" "slik du ønsker." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:964 msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies." -msgstr "Friheten til å redistribuere kopier." +msgstr "Friheten til å videredistribuere kopier." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:971 msgid "" "“What Is Free Software?” GNU Operating System, the Free Software " "Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, 2016, " @@ -1814,7 +1861,7 @@ msgstr "" "url=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:969 msgid "" "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" @@ -1823,7 +1870,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:980 msgid "" "These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that " "typify a digital commons." @@ -1832,14 +1879,14 @@ msgstr "" "karakteriserer et digitalt felleseie." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:995 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. “Open-source software,” last modified November 22, 2016." msgstr "" "Wikipedia, s.v. “Open-source software,” siste endret 22. november 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:984 msgid "" "In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more " "appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these " @@ -1868,7 +1915,7 @@ msgstr "" "protokoller." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1010 msgid "" "Eric S. Raymond, “The Magic Cauldron,” in The Cathedral and the Bazaar: " "Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, rev. ed. " @@ -1881,7 +1928,7 @@ msgstr "" "writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1002 msgid "" "While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and " "markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and " @@ -1902,7 +1949,7 @@ msgstr "" "bærekraftige tilnærminger for de som er laget med Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1019 msgid "" "It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also " "about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, " @@ -1927,7 +1974,7 @@ msgstr "" "opphavspersonens tillatelse." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1038 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, " @@ -1938,7 +1985,7 @@ msgstr "" "2011), <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1032 msgid "" "But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing " "valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes " @@ -1953,12 +2000,12 @@ msgstr "" "oss mer involvert i verden.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1046 msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons" msgstr "Creative Commons blir til" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1048 msgid "" "In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those " "who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses " @@ -1975,7 +2022,7 @@ msgstr "" "standardisert måte å gi opphavsrettstillatelser for sitt skapende arbeid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1069 msgid "" "“Licensing Considerations,” Creative Commons, accessed December 30, 2016, " "<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-" @@ -1986,7 +2033,7 @@ msgstr "" "considerations/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1057 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of " "each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. " @@ -2016,7 +2063,7 @@ msgstr "" "allemannseie." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1077 msgid "" "In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a " "global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are " @@ -2031,7 +2078,7 @@ msgstr "" "pedagogiske ressurser, musikk og andre lydspor, og videoer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1090 msgid "" "Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." @@ -2040,7 +2087,7 @@ msgstr "" "Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 msgid "" "Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative " "Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, " @@ -2059,7 +2106,7 @@ msgstr "" "referanseløsninger ble valgt for å reflektere dette mangfoldet.)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 msgid "" "Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of " "getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply " @@ -2082,7 +2129,7 @@ msgstr "" "kildekode-programvare-bevegelsen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1110 msgid "" "Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including " "open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The " @@ -2097,7 +2144,7 @@ msgstr "" "fritt å ha tilgang, bruke, og endre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1123 msgid "" "Wikipedia, s.v. “Open Government Partnership,” last modified September 24, " "2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Government_Partnership" @@ -2108,7 +2155,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1118 msgid "" "The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open " "Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international " @@ -2132,22 +2179,22 @@ msgstr "" "betalte for dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1134 msgid "The Changing Market" msgstr "Markedet i forandring" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1142 msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." msgstr "Capra og Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1150 msgid "Ibid., 116." msgstr "Ibid., 116." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1136 msgid "" "Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial " "systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate " @@ -2174,7 +2221,7 @@ msgstr "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1135 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1160 msgid "" "The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, “Stockholm " "Statement” accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/" @@ -2185,7 +2232,7 @@ msgstr "" "sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1154 msgid "" "In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth " "should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and " @@ -2200,7 +2247,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1171 msgid "" "City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory " @@ -2217,7 +2264,7 @@ msgstr "" "regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1181 msgid "" "The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/" ">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/" @@ -2228,7 +2275,7 @@ msgstr "" "nl/amsterdam-sharing-city/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1166 msgid "" "These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a " "means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are " @@ -2249,7 +2296,7 @@ msgstr "" "og sikkerhet.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1198 msgid "" "Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR " "Books, 2015), 42." @@ -2258,7 +2305,7 @@ msgstr "" "Books, 2015), 42." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1188 msgid "" "The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with " "businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term " @@ -2294,7 +2341,7 @@ msgstr "" "verdi ut av en eiendel." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1220 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, " @@ -2305,7 +2352,7 @@ msgstr "" "224." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1210 msgid "" "One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the " "sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources " @@ -2328,7 +2375,7 @@ msgstr "" "null.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1226 msgid "" "Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique " "inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The " @@ -2353,7 +2400,7 @@ msgstr "" "fremfor knapphet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1245 msgid "" "Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave " @@ -2364,7 +2411,7 @@ msgstr "" "Macmillan, 2014), 273." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1240 msgid "" "The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is " "next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on " @@ -2383,7 +2430,7 @@ msgstr "" "økonomiske modeller og praksiser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1253 msgid "" "Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate " "as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business " @@ -2396,7 +2443,7 @@ msgstr "" "etter muligheter til å endre normer og regler som markedet fungerer etter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1267 msgid "" "Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -2407,7 +2454,7 @@ msgstr "" "from the Ground Up (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013), 39." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1276 msgid "" "Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." @@ -2416,7 +2463,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1235 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1260 msgid "" "For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations " "is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially " @@ -2441,7 +2488,7 @@ msgstr "" "markedets regler og normer.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1289 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url=" @@ -2452,7 +2499,7 @@ msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1282 msgid "" "“A book on open business models” is how we described it in this book’s " "Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model Generation as " @@ -2469,7 +2516,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1298 msgid "" "This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://" "strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." @@ -2478,7 +2525,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1306 msgid "" "We’ve made the “Open Business Model Canvas,” designed by the coauthor Paul " "Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/" @@ -2495,7 +2542,7 @@ msgstr "" "d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1296 msgid "" "It contains a “business model canvas,” which conceives of a business model " "as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -2519,7 +2566,7 @@ msgstr "" "sin økonomiske modell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1316 msgid "" "In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing " "themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested " @@ -2543,7 +2590,7 @@ msgstr "" "av en forhåndsdefinert modell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1312 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1337 msgid "" "A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I " "wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. “What Is an Open Business Model and How " @@ -2558,7 +2605,7 @@ msgstr "" "model-and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1329 msgid "" "The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the " "market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary " @@ -2577,19 +2624,19 @@ msgstr "" "men fysisk for betaling», folkefinansiering, matchmaking, verdiøkende " "tjenester, beskyttere ... listen fortsetter og fortsetter. (Første " "beskrivelse av hvordan skaffe inntekt fremgår av referansenoten. Om seneste " -"tenkning om dette, se «Hvordan bringe inn penger» i neste seksjon.)<" -"placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Det er ingen enkel, magisk kule, og " -"hver oppgave har utviklet måter som passer for den. De fleste gjør bruk av " -"mer enn én måte. Å diversifisere inntektsstrømmer reduserer risikoen, og gir " -"flere veier til bærekraft." +"tenkning om dette, se «Hvordan bringe inn penger» i neste " +"seksjon.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Det er ingen enkel, " +"magisk kule, og hver oppgave har utviklet måter som passer for den. De " +"fleste gjør bruk av mer enn én måte. Å diversifisere inntektsstrømmer " +"reduserer risikoen, og gir flere veier til bærekraft." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1349 msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons" msgstr "Fordelene med Digital Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1351 msgid "" "While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and " "engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious " @@ -2602,7 +2649,7 @@ msgstr "" "felleseier. Digitale allmenneier tilbyr mange fordeler." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1357 msgid "" "The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons " "offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with " @@ -2618,7 +2665,7 @@ msgstr "" "ekspertise." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1341 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1366 msgid "" "The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by " "putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. " @@ -2641,7 +2688,7 @@ msgstr "" "og redelighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1379 msgid "" "The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used " "and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing " @@ -2664,7 +2711,7 @@ msgstr "" "samfunnsnyttig praksis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1376 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1401 msgid "" "Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and " "Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–" @@ -2675,7 +2722,7 @@ msgstr "" "44." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1392 msgid "" "The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can " "use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, " @@ -2702,7 +2749,7 @@ msgstr "" "og forholdet til fellesskapet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1410 msgid "" "The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. " "Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and " @@ -2725,7 +2772,7 @@ msgstr "" "arbeide." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1423 msgid "" "The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds " "value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through " @@ -2751,7 +2798,7 @@ msgstr "" "den samlede verdien av allemannseiet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1437 msgid "" "The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests " "people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the " @@ -2778,7 +2825,7 @@ msgstr "" "engasjement, ikke ved utveksling av penger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1452 msgid "" "The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the " "goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state " @@ -2790,12 +2837,12 @@ msgstr "" "administrere ressurser som i felleseie være det klare alternativet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1459 msgid "Our Case Studies" msgstr "Våre referansestudier" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1461 msgid "" "The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as " "nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal " @@ -2817,7 +2864,7 @@ msgstr "" "den finansielle bunnlinjen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1473 msgid "" "The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key " "staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and " @@ -2832,7 +2879,7 @@ msgstr "" "er nådd, og hvor bærekraftig organisasjonen er." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1456 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1481 msgid "" "Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and " "manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the " @@ -2851,7 +2898,7 @@ msgstr "" "opprinnelig digitale, men kan gjøres til fysiske ressurser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1491 msgid "" "They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing " "existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, " @@ -2866,7 +2913,7 @@ msgstr "" "alle uavhengig av økonomiske midler." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1499 msgid "" "And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a " "global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come " @@ -2879,7 +2926,7 @@ msgstr "" "dette globale samfunnet leder til suksess." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1481 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1506 msgid "" "Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of " "resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than " @@ -2904,7 +2951,7 @@ msgstr "" "allmenneier." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1519 msgid "" "The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case " "studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still " @@ -2921,7 +2968,7 @@ msgstr "" "er et mer balansert alternativ mulig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1528 msgid "" "Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in " "this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over " @@ -2938,17 +2985,17 @@ msgstr "" "innsikt i hvordan dette virker." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1514 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1539 msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons" msgstr "Hvordan bli laget med Creative Commons" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1541 msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1544 msgid "" "When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about " "business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant " @@ -2978,7 +3025,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilgang til dem, men også å kan bruke dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1560 msgid "" "We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of " "each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under " @@ -2998,7 +3045,7 @@ msgstr "" "definisjoner av suksess." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1570 msgid "" "In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite " "different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and " @@ -3008,7 +3055,7 @@ msgstr "" "forskjellig fra den som dukket frem i våre intervjuer og forskning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1575 msgid "" "It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative " "Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor " @@ -3026,7 +3073,7 @@ msgstr "" "forretningsvirksomhet som fokus." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1587 msgid "" "Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: " "John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -3037,7 +3084,7 @@ msgstr "" "på <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1584 msgid "" "According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business " "model “describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, and " @@ -3056,7 +3103,7 @@ msgstr "" "ham, «forretningsmodell kan bety alt dere mener det skal bety.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1598 msgid "" "Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a " "business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one " @@ -3069,7 +3116,7 @@ msgstr "" "som som vår styrende overskrift for boken." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1580 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1605 msgid "" "Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up " "our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill " @@ -3088,7 +3135,7 @@ msgstr "" "måten å tenke på før du leser videre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1615 msgid "" "In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the " "diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, " @@ -3105,12 +3152,12 @@ msgstr "" "forretningen, men det er ikke derfor de gjør det. Å dele arbeidet med " "Creative Commons, er i bunn og grunn en moralsk beslutning. Kommersielle og " "andre fordeler i egeninteresse er sekundære. De fleste besluttet å bruke CC-" -"lisenser først, og fant en inntekstsmodell senere. Dette var vårt første " +"lisenser først, og fant en inntektsmodell senere. Dette var vårt første " "hint, at å skrive en bok bare om virkningen av deling i ett " -"forretningspespektiv, kan være litt utenfor sporet." +"forretningsperspektiv, kan være litt utenfor sporet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1627 msgid "" "But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with " "Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, " @@ -3125,7 +3172,7 @@ msgstr "" "bruke CC, og den symbolikken har mange lag." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1635 msgid "" "At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the " "value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC " @@ -3150,7 +3197,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjenspeiler en tro på løftet om å dele." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1624 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1649 msgid "" "Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, " "sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to " @@ -3173,7 +3220,7 @@ msgstr "" "åpen mulighet for forbindelse." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1661 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to " "CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives " @@ -3188,7 +3235,7 @@ msgstr "" "syn på suksess." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1674 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." @@ -3197,7 +3244,7 @@ msgstr "" "Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1669 msgid "" "The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For " "individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some " @@ -3222,7 +3269,7 @@ msgstr "" "det, bruke det? Det må ha en personlig bruk og betydning.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1685 msgid "" "Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that " "underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons " @@ -3242,7 +3289,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons-lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1695 msgid "" "This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples " "of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of " @@ -3261,7 +3308,7 @@ msgstr "" "gode og menneskelig tilknytning er en integrert del for å oppnå suksess." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1705 msgid "" "Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be " "successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make " @@ -3272,7 +3319,7 @@ msgstr "" "nok til å holde lysene påslått." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1710 msgid "" "The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is " "generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be " @@ -3293,12 +3340,12 @@ msgstr "" "mengde reklame som sine forgjengere til en brøkdel av prisen.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1727 msgid "Ibid., 55." msgstr "Ibid., 55." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1722 msgid "" "Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same " "amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a " @@ -3323,7 +3370,7 @@ msgstr "" "overbevisning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1739 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), " @@ -3334,7 +3381,7 @@ msgstr "" "224." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1711 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1736 msgid "" "Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content " "is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero." @@ -3357,12 +3404,12 @@ msgstr "" "tilpasset opplæring." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1761 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1751 msgid "" "It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on " "creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and " @@ -3393,7 +3440,7 @@ msgstr "" "forutsetningene for kreativt innhold kan være mye mer beskjedne." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1743 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1768 msgid "" "Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t " "enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You " @@ -3418,7 +3465,7 @@ msgstr "" "gående fra dag til dag»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1781 msgid "" "This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money " "while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much " @@ -3433,7 +3480,7 @@ msgstr "" "forfølger denne nye måten å operere på." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1789 msgid "" "There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for " "business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve " @@ -3444,12 +3491,12 @@ msgstr "" "null»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1769 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1794 msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered" msgstr "Problem Null: Å bli oppdaget" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1801 msgid "" "Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." @@ -3458,7 +3505,7 @@ msgstr "" "People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1815 msgid "" "Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, " "2012), 64." @@ -3467,7 +3514,7 @@ msgstr "" "2012), 64." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1796 msgid "" "Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, " "customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, “It has " @@ -3501,7 +3548,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"1\"/> Vi er ikke lenger begrenset til hva som appellerer til massene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1828 msgid "" "David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of " "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." @@ -3510,12 +3557,12 @@ msgstr "" "the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1834 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66." msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 66." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1838 msgid "" "Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New " "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." @@ -3524,7 +3571,7 @@ msgstr "" "York: Morgan James, 2016), 10." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1821 msgid "" "While finding “your people” online is theoretically easier than in the " "analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to actually " @@ -3554,12 +3601,12 @@ msgstr "" "de rette folkene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1852 msgid "Anderson, Free, 62." msgstr "Anderson, Free, 62." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1844 msgid "" "When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality " "from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there " @@ -3588,12 +3635,12 @@ msgstr "" "arbeidet ditt og dele det med andre, mot sin hensikt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 msgid "" "Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will " "make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, “Recognition is one of " @@ -3606,7 +3653,7 @@ msgstr "" "suksess».<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1870 msgid "" "Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and " "policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit " @@ -3627,12 +3674,12 @@ msgstr "" "goodwill i samfunnet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1887 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1881 msgid "" "It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your " "social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative " @@ -3649,7 +3696,7 @@ msgstr "" "har blitt kriminalisert».<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1891 msgid "" "The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters " "copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and " @@ -3667,7 +3714,7 @@ msgstr "" "til å gjøre bruk av det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1900 msgid "" "If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can " "invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on " @@ -3695,12 +3742,12 @@ msgstr "" "var en liten pris å betale for alle mulighetene som deling låste opp for dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1920 msgid "Anderson, Free, 86." msgstr "Anderson, Free, 86." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1916 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to " "artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the " @@ -3719,12 +3766,12 @@ msgstr "" "viser at du har taket på Internettet»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1906 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1931 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1903 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1928 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his " "work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return." @@ -3747,7 +3794,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjort på noen annen måte." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1941 msgid "" "There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to " "your benefit. Here are a few." @@ -3756,12 +3803,12 @@ msgstr "" "fordel. Her er noen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1945 msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience" msgstr "Bruk CC for å finne et større publikum" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1947 msgid "" "Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it " "automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work " @@ -3782,7 +3829,7 @@ msgstr "" "hvilket tror du det er mer sannsynlig at folk deler?" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959 msgid "" "The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by " "academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-" @@ -3797,12 +3844,12 @@ msgstr "" "akademiske forfattere som ønsker å nå så mange lesere som mulig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1975 msgid "Anderson, Free, 123." msgstr "Anderson, Free, 123." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1968 msgid "" "The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max " "strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to " @@ -3829,17 +3876,17 @@ msgstr "" "bli spredt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1989 msgid "Ibid., 132." msgstr "Ibid., 132." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1994 msgid "Ibid., 70." msgstr "Ibid., 70." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1984 msgid "" "If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other " "consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. " @@ -3858,12 +3905,12 @@ msgstr "" "nytteverdi.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1999 msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition" msgstr "Å bruke CC for å få henvisninger og navnegjenkjenning" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2013 msgid "" "James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. " "Surowiecki says, “The measure of success of laws and contracts is how rarely " @@ -3874,7 +3921,7 @@ msgstr "" "er hvor sjelden de må brukes.»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2001 msgid "" "Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, " "and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. " @@ -3906,7 +3953,7 @@ msgstr "" "slik som å gi henvisning (kreditt)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2024 msgid "" "The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the " "licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, " @@ -3932,7 +3979,7 @@ msgstr "" "arbeide." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2013 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038 msgid "" "Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be " "about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content " @@ -3957,7 +4004,7 @@ msgstr "" "til designet blir en spesiell del av produktet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2053 msgid "" "Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. " "Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the " @@ -3975,12 +4022,12 @@ msgstr "" "verdifullt enn noensinne." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2063 msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool" msgstr "Å bruke CC-lisensiert innhold som markedsføringsverktøy" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2065 msgid "" "As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with " "Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the " @@ -3997,12 +4044,12 @@ msgstr "" "innholdet trekke folk til dine andre produkter eller tjenester." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2087 msgid "Anderson, Free, 44." msgstr "Anderson, Free, 44." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2074 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how " "offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases " @@ -4031,7 +4078,7 @@ msgstr "" "Gratis kan være en form for markedsføring." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2066 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2091 msgid "" "In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even " "need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity " @@ -4060,14 +4107,14 @@ msgstr "" "dermed OpenStax lærebøker)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2108 msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work" msgstr "" "Bruke CC til å aktivere hands-on engasjement (aktiv deltakelse) med arbeidet " "ditt" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2111 msgid "" "The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an " "embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital " @@ -4080,12 +4127,12 @@ msgstr "" "deltakelse i skapende arbeid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2100 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2125 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." msgstr "Osterwalder og Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2118 msgid "" "Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or " "otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean " @@ -4109,22 +4156,22 @@ msgstr "" "viktig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2138 msgid "Anderson, Free, 67." msgstr "Anderson, Free, 67." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2143 msgid "Ibid., 58." msgstr "Ibid., 58." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2146 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71." msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 71." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2151 msgid "" "Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." @@ -4133,7 +4180,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2133 msgid "" "This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free " "and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, “People often " @@ -4151,7 +4198,7 @@ msgstr "" "Dette er en måte å motvirke mulige ulemper på i overfloden av gratis og " "åpent innhold beskrevet ovenfor. Som Anderson skrev i Free, «Folk bryr seg " "ofte ikke så mye om ting de ikke betaler for, og som et resultat tenker de " -"ikke så mye på hvordan de bruker dem». <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"ikke så mye på hvordan de bruker dem».<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" "\"0\"/> Hvis selv den lille handlingen som vilje til å betale én penny for " "noe, endrer vår oppfatning av den tingen, så vil sikkert det å remikse " "forbedre vår oppfatning eksponensielt.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -4162,12 +4209,12 @@ msgstr "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2164 msgid "Ibid., 21." msgstr "Ibid., 21." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2157 msgid "" "Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless " "consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-" @@ -4182,21 +4229,21 @@ msgstr "" "ens sosiale medier en times tid, vet alt for godt. I sin bok, Cognitive " "Surplus, sier Clay Shirky, «Å delta er å handle som om din tilstedeværelse " "betyr noe, som om, når du ser noe eller hører noe, er ditt svar en del av " -"hendelsen». <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Å åpne døren til ditt " +"hendelsen».<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Å åpne døren til ditt " "innhold kan få folk dypere knyttet til arbeidet ditt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2170 msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself" msgstr "Bruke CC for å skille deg ut" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2179 msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2172 msgid "" "Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under " "the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that " @@ -4223,12 +4270,12 @@ msgstr "" "«Reglene for engasjement må endres»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2191 msgid "Making Money" msgstr "Å tjene penger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2201 msgid "" "William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, “Ten Nonprofit " "Funding Models,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009, <ulink url=" @@ -4239,7 +4286,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2193 msgid "" "Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons " "have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. " @@ -4271,12 +4318,12 @@ msgstr "" "gjensidighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2222 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2214 msgid "" "Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in " "revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant " @@ -4295,7 +4342,7 @@ msgstr "" "på og når de ikke er det».<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2226 msgid "" "Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating " "mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we " @@ -4312,17 +4359,17 @@ msgstr "" "abstraksjonsnivå, kan være lærerikt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2235 msgid "Market-based revenue streams" msgstr "Markedsbaserte inntektsstrømmer" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2240 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." msgstr "Osterwalder og Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2247 msgid "" "Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance " "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." @@ -4331,7 +4378,7 @@ msgstr "" "(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2237 msgid "" "In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue " "is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -4351,12 +4398,12 @@ msgstr "" "basert på en verdiøkning du tilbyr.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2263 msgid "Anderson, Free, 71." msgstr "Anderson, Free, 71." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2253 msgid "" "In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven " "endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the " @@ -4386,12 +4433,12 @@ msgstr "" "programvaren, er i enkelhet å holde en pris opp imot tyngdekraften»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2282 msgid "Ibid., 231." msgstr "Ibid., 231." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2272 msgid "" "Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in " "the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product " @@ -4413,7 +4460,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2286 msgid "" "In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative " "Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the " @@ -4430,7 +4477,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2295 msgid "" "For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to " "provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that " @@ -4444,12 +4491,12 @@ msgstr "" "tjenester." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2302 msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories." msgstr "Her er de vanligste høynivå kategoriene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2306 msgid "" "Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-" "BASED]</emphasis>" @@ -4458,12 +4505,12 @@ msgstr "" "<emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2316 msgid "Ibid., 97." msgstr "Ibid., 97." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2309 msgid "" "In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick " "is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services " @@ -4484,18 +4531,18 @@ msgstr "" "fra Jonathan «Song-A-Day» Mann." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2298 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2323 msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" "Å ta betalt for den fysiske kopien <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2330 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107." msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 107." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2301 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2326 msgid "" "In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving " "away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content " @@ -4539,13 +4586,13 @@ msgstr "" "forretningsprinsipper." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2354 msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" "Å ta betalt for en personlig versjon <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2357 msgid "" "As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing " "creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a " @@ -4563,12 +4610,12 @@ msgstr "" "et tale- eller opplæringskurs." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2368 msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "Å selge handelsvarer <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2371 msgid "" "In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating " "a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest " @@ -4581,12 +4628,12 @@ msgstr "" "viktig inntektskilde for museer og gallerier." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2388 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." msgstr "Osterwalder og Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2378 msgid "" "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing " "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In " @@ -4612,23 +4659,23 @@ msgstr "" "å betale for, du kan også levere andre tjenester." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2395 msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" "Ta betalt fra annonsører og sponsorer <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2403 msgid "Ibid., 92." msgstr "Ibid., 92." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2407 msgid "Anderson, Free, 142." msgstr "Anderson, Free, 142." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2398 msgid "" "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this " "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to " @@ -4655,13 +4702,13 @@ msgstr "" "sponsor av et bestemt innhold, prosjekter eller oppgaven som sådan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2416 msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" "Betaling fra dine innholdsleverandører <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2419 msgid "" "Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves " "pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only " @@ -4684,17 +4731,17 @@ msgstr "" "innhold til Conversations nettside." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2433 msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "Transaksjonsgebyr <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2438 msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." msgstr "Osterwalder og Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2411 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2436 msgid "" "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering " "transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -4717,7 +4764,7 @@ msgstr "" "en håndverker for å lage møbler basert på ett av designene på plattformen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2425 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2450 msgid "" "Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" @@ -4725,7 +4772,7 @@ msgstr "" "emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 msgid "" "As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized " "services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service " @@ -4742,12 +4789,12 @@ msgstr "" "dataene de bidrar med til plattformen mer synlige og gjenbrukbare." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2463 msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "Lisensiere et varemerke <emphasis>[MARKEDSBASERT]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2466 msgid "" "Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use " "of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with " @@ -4768,12 +4815,12 @@ msgstr "" "fordelen av overfloden av CC-innhold." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2478 msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams" msgstr "Gjensidighetsbaserte inntektsstrømmer" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2480 msgid "" "Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic " "framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the " @@ -4786,7 +4833,7 @@ msgstr "" "om å tjene penger på knapphet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2487 msgid "" "Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for " "some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more " @@ -4809,7 +4856,7 @@ msgstr "" "mottatt er helt lik»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2500 msgid "" "This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends " "and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David " @@ -4824,17 +4871,17 @@ msgstr "" "menneskeheten i sin overlevelse og utvikling»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2485 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2510 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2514 msgid "Ibid., 134." msgstr "Ibid., 134." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2508 msgid "" "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor " "that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " @@ -4848,7 +4895,7 @@ msgstr "" "verdi.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2494 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2519 msgid "" "Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "" @@ -4856,7 +4903,7 @@ msgstr "" "emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2522 msgid "" "While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in " "the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the " @@ -4882,12 +4929,12 @@ msgstr "" "denne strategien lykkes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2538 msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "Betal-hva-du-vil-modellen <emphasis>[GJENSIDIGHETSBASERT]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2541 msgid "" "In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content " "is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on " @@ -4908,12 +4955,12 @@ msgstr "" "situasjoner der vi ellers kan finne en måte å få det gratis på ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2554 msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>" msgstr "Folkefinansiering <emphasis>[GJENSIDIGHETSBASERT]</emphasis>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2557 msgid "" "Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and " "distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made " @@ -4944,7 +4991,7 @@ msgstr "" "Selvfølgelig»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2575 msgid "" "Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a " "particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U." @@ -4961,12 +5008,12 @@ msgstr "" "biblioteksamfunnet, og ideen om åpen tilgang generelt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2586 msgid "Making Human Connections" msgstr "Å bygge menneskelige forbindelser" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2588 msgid "" "Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard " "language like “persuading people to buy” and “inviting people to pay.” We " @@ -4995,7 +5042,7 @@ msgstr "" "oppbyggingen av å være Made with Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2604 msgid "" "Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being " "invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to " @@ -5010,7 +5057,7 @@ msgstr "" "kreative forbindelser med folk som verdsetter det de gjør." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2612 msgid "" "It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what " "they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative " @@ -5020,7 +5067,7 @@ msgstr "" "rene markedstermer, var sterkt knyttet til Made with Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2617 msgid "" "I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons " "is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was " @@ -5031,7 +5078,7 @@ msgstr "" "feil på så mange punkter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2622 msgid "" "Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons " "licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much " @@ -5052,7 +5099,7 @@ msgstr "" "utvide synsfeltet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of " "licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also " @@ -5077,7 +5124,7 @@ msgstr "" "hverandre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2647 msgid "" "The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that " "creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are " @@ -5091,12 +5138,12 @@ msgstr "" "deling virkelig ser ut." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2654 msgid "Be human" msgstr "Vær menneskelig" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2658 msgid "" "Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." @@ -5105,7 +5152,7 @@ msgstr "" "Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2656 msgid "" "Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat " "each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further " @@ -5122,7 +5169,7 @@ msgstr "" "kan det også gjøre det lett å glemme at vi arbeider med et annet menneske." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2657 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2682 msgid "" "Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." @@ -5131,7 +5178,7 @@ msgstr "" "Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2669 msgid "" "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate " "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons " @@ -5158,7 +5205,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2688 msgid "" "A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a " "“brand.” That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda Palmer says, " @@ -5180,12 +5227,12 @@ msgstr "" "meningsfull måte." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2683 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2708 msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76." msgstr "Kramer, Shareology, 76." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2700 msgid "" "This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations " "because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United " @@ -5206,22 +5253,22 @@ msgstr "" "forfalske det å være menneske." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2714 msgid "Be open and accountable" msgstr "Vær åpen og ansvarlig" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2723 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2728 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2716 msgid "" "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, " "but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, " @@ -5245,17 +5292,17 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2737 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2744 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2732 msgid "" "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James " "Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-" @@ -5284,22 +5331,22 @@ msgstr "" "måte å få folk involvert og investert i det du gjør." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2752 msgid "Design for the good actors" msgstr "Design for de gode aktører" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2756 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 msgid "Ibid., 31." msgstr "Ibid., 31." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2754 msgid "" "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their " "own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any " @@ -5331,12 +5378,12 @@ msgstr "" "er for de gode aktørene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2779 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2773 msgid "" "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-" "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems that assume " @@ -5357,12 +5404,12 @@ msgstr "" "stimulerer og fremhever våre sosiale instinkter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2796 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2786 msgid "" "Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of " "operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but " @@ -5385,22 +5432,22 @@ msgstr "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Som oftest gjør de det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2801 msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans" msgstr "Å behandle mennesker som, vel, mennesker" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2781 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2806 msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." msgstr "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2814 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2803 msgid "" "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. " "As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”<placeholder " @@ -5423,7 +5470,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2793 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2818 msgid "" "The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating " "its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to " @@ -5435,17 +5482,17 @@ msgstr "" "med brukere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2829 msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." msgstr "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2839 msgid "Ibid., 105." msgstr "Ibid., 105." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2799 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2824 msgid "" "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. " "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy " @@ -5472,12 +5519,12 @@ msgstr "" "dramatisk endre dynamikken.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2844 msgid "State your principles and stick to them" msgstr "Legg frem dine prinsipper og hold deg til dem" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2846 msgid "" "Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and " "what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses " @@ -5498,7 +5545,7 @@ msgstr "" "separate sosiale oppgave. Ofte begge." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2858 msgid "" "The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of " "the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your " @@ -5519,12 +5566,12 @@ msgstr "" "arbeider." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2873 msgid "Ibid., 36." msgstr "Ibid., 36." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2869 msgid "" "When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you " "aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when " @@ -5539,12 +5586,12 @@ msgstr "" "bygger tillit." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2879 msgid "Build a community" msgstr "Å bygge et fellesskap" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2887 msgid "" "Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012), 36." @@ -5553,7 +5600,7 @@ msgstr "" "2012), 36." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2881 msgid "" "Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built " "around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to " @@ -5574,17 +5621,17 @@ msgstr "" "symboliseres ved å bruke CC." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2878 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2903 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2910 msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." msgstr "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2895 msgid "" "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People " "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is " @@ -5611,17 +5658,17 @@ msgstr "" "som driver åpne organisasjoner».<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2922 msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." msgstr "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2901 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2926 msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2914 msgid "" "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki " "wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s difficult to " @@ -5648,7 +5695,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilbaketrekning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2932 msgid "" "Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected " "around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about." @@ -5658,12 +5705,12 @@ msgstr "" "deling betyr." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 msgid "Give more to the commons than you take" msgstr "Gi mer til fellesskapet enn du tar" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2949 msgid "" "Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " "at All,” Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, <ulink url=" @@ -5674,7 +5721,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957 msgid "" "Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with " "new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." @@ -5683,7 +5730,7 @@ msgstr "" "ny epolog (New York: Portfolio, 2012)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2940 msgid "" "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to " "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what " @@ -5708,7 +5755,7 @@ msgstr "" "stedet for eie.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Det er ikke deling." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 msgid "" "David Lee, “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet,” " "BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/" @@ -5719,7 +5766,7 @@ msgstr "" "technology-35709680\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2963 msgid "" "Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you " "take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from " @@ -5746,7 +5793,7 @@ msgstr "" "organisere og effektivt vise arbeidet deres på sin plattform." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2982 msgid "" "In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you " "add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being " @@ -5765,28 +5812,28 @@ msgstr "" "du leverer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2993 msgid "Involve people in what you do" msgstr "Involver folk i det du gjør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2998 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148." msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 148." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3002 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2984 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3073 msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization." msgstr "Whitehurst, forord til Open Organization." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2995 msgid "" "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people " "around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent." @@ -5812,12 +5859,12 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3022 msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3013 msgid "" "As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is " "exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because " @@ -5837,17 +5884,17 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3034 msgid "Ibid., 154." msgstr "Ibid., 154." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3021 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3046 msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." msgstr "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3026 msgid "" "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made " "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are " @@ -5880,16 +5927,16 @@ msgstr "" "kreative arbeidet er grunnlaget for hva de gjør, er samlede innsatser kun " "sjeldent sett en del av bildet. Selv musikeren Amanda Palmer, kjent for sin " "åpenhet og gode forhold til fansen, sa, «Det eneste området der jeg ikke " -"var åpen for innspill var i skrivingen, musikken i seg selv». <placeholder " +"var åpen for innspill var i skrivingen, musikken i seg selv».<placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3057 msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173." msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 173." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3039 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3064 msgid "" "Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." @@ -5898,7 +5945,7 @@ msgstr "" "within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3050 msgid "" "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear " "the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process " @@ -5923,7 +5970,7 @@ msgstr "" "miljø der samarbeid blomstrer.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3056 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3081 msgid "" "Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." @@ -5932,7 +5979,7 @@ msgstr "" "Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3045 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3070 msgid "" "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a " "way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own " @@ -5955,12 +6002,12 @@ msgstr "" "\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3090 msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses" msgstr "Creative Commons-lisensene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3092 msgid "" "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a " "minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form " @@ -5986,12 +6033,12 @@ msgstr "" "patenter eller varemerker." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3081 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3106 msgid "Here are the six licenses:" msgstr "Her er de seks lisensene:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3110 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -6002,7 +6049,7 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3094 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3119 msgid "" "The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the " @@ -6015,7 +6062,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilbys. Anbefalt for maksimal spredning og bruk av lisensiert materiale." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3102 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3127 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -6026,7 +6073,7 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3136 msgid "" "The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and " "build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit " @@ -6043,7 +6090,7 @@ msgstr "" "den samme lisensen, så alle derivater kan også tillate kommersielt bruk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3121 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3146 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -6054,7 +6101,7 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3155 msgid "" "The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, " "commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with " @@ -6065,7 +6112,7 @@ msgstr "" "kreditert deg." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3161 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -6076,7 +6123,7 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3145 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3170 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, " "and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also " @@ -6089,7 +6136,7 @@ msgstr "" "på samme vilkår." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3177 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -6100,7 +6147,7 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3186 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others " "remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they " @@ -6111,7 +6158,7 @@ msgstr "" "krediterer deg, og lisensierer sine nye arbeider på samme vilkår." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3193 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -6122,7 +6169,7 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3202 msgid "" "The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most " "restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your " @@ -6135,7 +6182,7 @@ msgstr "" "ikke endre dem eller bruke dem kommersielt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3209 msgid "" "In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain " "tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of " @@ -6147,7 +6194,7 @@ msgstr "" "har utløpt:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3216 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -6158,7 +6205,7 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3225 msgid "" "CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the " "worldwide public domain (“no rights reserved”)." @@ -6168,7 +6215,7 @@ msgstr "" "rettigheter reservert»)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3230 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=" "\"Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> " @@ -6179,7 +6226,7 @@ msgstr "" "</imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3239 msgid "" "The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and " "discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions." @@ -6188,7 +6235,7 @@ msgstr "" "som allerede er fri for kjente opphavsrettsrestriksjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244 msgid "" "In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use " "several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-" @@ -6209,7 +6256,7 @@ msgstr "" "forsterker de sitt engasjement og forpliktelse til å dele." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3255 #, fuzzy msgid "" "There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses " @@ -6236,7 +6283,7 @@ msgstr "" "av ditt verk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3269 msgid "" "The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to " "how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The " @@ -6263,7 +6310,7 @@ msgstr "" "plateselskap ville oppdage arbeidet deres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3282 msgid "" "Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a " "concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit " @@ -6276,7 +6323,7 @@ msgstr "" "medisinske emnet er særlig viktig å få riktig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3289 msgid "" "There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions " "reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work " @@ -6299,12 +6346,12 @@ msgstr "" "på tvers av alle domener." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3301 msgid "Note" msgstr "Merk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3304 msgid "" "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work " "in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called “Share " @@ -6316,12 +6363,12 @@ msgstr "" "\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><part><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3287 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3312 msgid "The Case Studies" msgstr "Referansestudiene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3315 msgid "" "The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of " "nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and " @@ -6340,7 +6387,7 @@ msgstr "" "ble valgt av oss." #. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3325 msgid "" "We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, " "based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for " @@ -6355,12 +6402,12 @@ msgstr "" "det ble fortalt oss på av dem vi intervjuet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3333 msgid "Arduino" msgstr "Arduino" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3336 msgid "" "Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer " "hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy." @@ -6369,12 +6416,12 @@ msgstr "" "datautstyr og programvare. Grunnlagt i 2005 i Italia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3316 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3341 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3343 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark " @@ -6386,14 +6433,14 @@ msgstr "" "deres navn)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3323 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4189 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 4. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3351 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom " "Igoe, cofounders" @@ -6402,25 +6449,25 @@ msgstr "" "Tom Igoe, medgrunnleggere" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3330 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4171 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5124 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5433 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5943 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6196 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6868 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7408 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7692 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8156 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4868 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8957 msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey" msgstr "Profilen skrevet av Paul Stacey" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3359 msgid "" "In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, " "teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming " @@ -6446,7 +6493,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisens (CC BY-SA), og programvare med GNU General Public License." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3373 msgid "" "Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a " "button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, " @@ -6464,7 +6511,7 @@ msgstr "" "til å lage kunst)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3383 msgid "" "“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. " "Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature of " @@ -6481,7 +6528,7 @@ msgstr "" "tenkt å bygge»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3391 msgid "" "For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. " "He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and " @@ -6499,7 +6546,7 @@ msgstr "" "kildekode gjør det enklere å stole på et produkt»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3400 msgid "" "With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders " "started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called " @@ -6515,7 +6562,7 @@ msgstr "" "måter. Inntekter fra Tinker ble investert i å opprettholde og styrke Arduino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3409 msgid "" "For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves " "the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves " @@ -6531,7 +6578,7 @@ msgstr "" "selges." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3417 msgid "" "Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a " "grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and " @@ -6556,7 +6603,7 @@ msgstr "" "pris, vil folk kjøpe det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3431 msgid "" "Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, " "artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called " @@ -6584,7 +6631,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilgjengelig kunnskap til hjelp både for nybegynnere og eksperter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3445 msgid "" "Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other " "businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino " @@ -6600,7 +6647,7 @@ msgstr "" "kunder, men som også var høy nok til å opprettholde virksomheten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3453 msgid "" "For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a " "success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a " @@ -6615,7 +6662,7 @@ msgstr "" "bare hjelpe deg»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3461 msgid "" "While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures " "longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create " @@ -6638,7 +6685,7 @@ msgstr "" "den nye versjonen er like fri og åpen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3473 msgid "" "Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, " "with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed " @@ -6659,12 +6706,12 @@ msgstr "" "bruker og innlemmer i nye produkter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3468 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3493 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3484 msgid "" "Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and " "adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level " @@ -6687,7 +6734,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3471 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3496 msgid "" "Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, " "and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their " @@ -6710,7 +6757,7 @@ msgstr "" "folks problemer. Samfunnet vokste organisk derfra." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3509 msgid "" "A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a " "way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a " @@ -6733,7 +6780,7 @@ msgstr "" "lavkvalitetskopier." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3521 msgid "" "Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the " "United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only " @@ -6751,7 +6798,7 @@ msgstr "" "varemerke-lisensiering ble Arduinos inntektsgenererende modell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3531 msgid "" "How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly " "agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, " @@ -6768,12 +6815,12 @@ msgstr "" "merkevarebygging har vært et kritisk verktøy for Arduino." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3540 msgid "" "David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a " "default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really " @@ -6801,7 +6848,7 @@ msgstr "" "kompatible og forfalskninger.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3555 msgid "" "For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use " "it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making " @@ -6816,7 +6863,7 @@ msgstr "" "lage ting som hjelper andre mennesker å lage ting»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3563 msgid "" "Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics " "reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about “the " @@ -6831,7 +6878,7 @@ msgstr "" "en ferdighet som alle burde lære»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 msgid "" "Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product " "development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for " @@ -6842,12 +6889,12 @@ msgstr "" "produksjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3577 msgid "Ártica" msgstr "Ártica" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3580 msgid "" "Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use " "digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and " @@ -6858,12 +6905,12 @@ msgstr "" "og kultur. Grunnlagt i 2011 i Uruguay." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3585 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3587 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services" @@ -6872,12 +6919,12 @@ msgstr "" "tjenester" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3590 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 9. mars 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3592 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and " "Jorge Gemetto, cofounders" @@ -6886,21 +6933,21 @@ msgstr "" "Jorge Gemetto, medgrunnleggere" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3758 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3950 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4369 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5735 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8482 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8507 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9194 msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" msgstr "Profilen skrevet av Sarah Hinchliff Pearson" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3600 msgid "" "The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the " "ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the " @@ -6913,12 +6960,12 @@ msgstr "" "en de har bygget selv." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3606 msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them." msgstr "Drømmejobbene deres eksisterer ikke, så de laget dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3609 msgid "" "In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization " "to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. " @@ -6940,7 +6987,7 @@ msgstr "" "Internettet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3621 msgid "" "Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small " "company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and " @@ -6965,7 +7012,7 @@ msgstr "" "eller mellommenn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3634 msgid "" "Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps " "clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call " @@ -6984,7 +7031,7 @@ msgstr "" "gir de det gratis, og tar betalt for tilpasningstjenestene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3644 msgid "" "When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to " "attract large audiences. “Over the years, we realized that online " @@ -7001,7 +7048,7 @@ msgstr "" "emner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3653 msgid "" "Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than " "a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event " @@ -7016,7 +7063,7 @@ msgstr "" "mindre prosjekter på oppdrag fra enkeltartister." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3661 msgid "" "Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. " "Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new " @@ -7031,7 +7078,7 @@ msgstr "" "hver ny ressurs de lager åpner nye dører." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3669 msgid "" "Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to " "attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, " @@ -7060,7 +7107,7 @@ msgstr "" "ansikt kontakt - har vi bare å tilby dem en hederlig og etisk avtale»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3660 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3685 msgid "" "They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build " "their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A " @@ -7075,7 +7122,7 @@ msgstr "" "til å åpne opp nye muligheter for sin virksomhet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3693 msgid "" "This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—" "in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they " @@ -7094,7 +7141,7 @@ msgstr "" "til et mer sammensatt produkt, som et kurs eller en bok»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3703 msgid "" "Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process " "be dynamic. “This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in order to " @@ -7111,7 +7158,7 @@ msgstr "" "mange måter er prosessen for dem like viktig som sluttproduktet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3712 msgid "" "People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In the " "educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay attention to " @@ -7126,7 +7173,7 @@ msgstr "" "relasjonene»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3720 msgid "" "Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections " "with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them " @@ -7137,7 +7184,7 @@ msgstr "" "sine kunnskaper." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3725 msgid "" "At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content is " "not enough,” Jorge said. “We also think that it is very important to take a " @@ -7162,7 +7209,7 @@ msgstr "" "kultur." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3738 msgid "" "Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human " "resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of " @@ -7180,7 +7227,7 @@ msgstr "" "er den en suksess." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3747 msgid "" "“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it is " "easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very specific and " @@ -7195,7 +7242,7 @@ msgstr "" "hensikt, og gjøre det bærekraftig og i samarbeid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3755 msgid "" "In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that " "this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get " @@ -7210,12 +7257,12 @@ msgstr "" "hvordan det ser ut»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3763 msgid "Blender Institute" msgstr "Blender-instituttet" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3741 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3766 msgid "" "The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using " "Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands." @@ -7224,12 +7271,12 @@ msgstr "" "programvare. Grunnlagt i 2006 i Nederland." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3771 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3748 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3773 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise" @@ -7238,21 +7285,21 @@ msgstr "" "(abonnementsbasert), betaling for fysiske kopier, varesalg" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3777 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 8. mars 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3779 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "production coordinator" msgstr "" -"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuobjekt</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, " "produksjonsleder" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3787 msgid "" "For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related " "entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software " @@ -7273,7 +7320,7 @@ msgstr "" "fordel for Blender og Blenders fellesskap helt konkret." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3798 msgid "" "Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed " "outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as " @@ -7292,7 +7339,7 @@ msgstr "" "prosess der det kreative og tekniske fellesskapet arbeider sammen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3783 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3808 msgid "" "Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free " "culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s " @@ -7305,7 +7352,7 @@ msgstr "" "verktøyet ditt til å lage innhold, så gjør du ikke noenting»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3815 msgid "" "Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender " "software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his " @@ -7326,7 +7373,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilgjengelig under GNU General Public License." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3826 msgid "" "This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites " "existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly " @@ -7349,7 +7396,7 @@ msgstr "" "fremme et fellesskap av utviklere slik at prosjektet kunne leve»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3838 msgid "" "Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed " "quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. “Software " @@ -7365,7 +7412,7 @@ msgstr "" "vedlikeholdet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3821 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3846 msgid "" "After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the " "software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the " @@ -7384,7 +7431,8 @@ msgstr "" "av høy kvalitet, de skulle forbedre Blenders programvare i prosessen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3856 +#, fuzzy msgid "" "They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had " "about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs " @@ -7398,10 +7446,10 @@ msgstr "" "var betydelige. Francesco sa at når folkefinansieringskampanjen deres " "lyktes, var folk forbløffet. «Ideen om at å tjene penger var mulig ved å " "produsere CC-lisensiert materiale, var overveldende for folk», sa han. «De " -"var som, 'jeg må se det for å tro det'»." +"var som, ‹jeg må se det for å tro det› »." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3865 msgid "" "The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so " "successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity " @@ -7416,7 +7464,7 @@ msgstr "" "figurene ble plukket opp av markedsførere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3873 msgid "" "Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten " "bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more " @@ -7440,7 +7488,7 @@ msgstr "" "dem på grunn av budsjettbegrensninger»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3886 msgid "" "Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the " "years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is " @@ -7457,7 +7505,7 @@ msgstr "" "fellesskap som ser og forstår fordelen med disse prosjektene», sa Francesco." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3895 msgid "" "While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for " "crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found " @@ -7473,7 +7521,7 @@ msgstr "" "moro, men så slutter det. Det er et problem»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3903 msgid "" "To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing " "support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender " @@ -7502,7 +7550,7 @@ msgstr "" "biblioteker med rollemodeller og andre ressurser til bruk i ulike prosjekter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3918 msgid "" "The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five " "to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their " @@ -7515,7 +7563,7 @@ msgstr "" "kunstnere er frihet alt»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3900 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3925 msgid "" "Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The " "Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes " @@ -7532,7 +7580,7 @@ msgstr "" "skjorter og andre Blender-produkter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3934 msgid "" "Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly " "twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making " @@ -7545,7 +7593,7 @@ msgstr "" "Å selge en lisens har aldri vært en del av forretningsmodellen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3916 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3941 msgid "" "Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their " "source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into " @@ -7564,17 +7612,17 @@ msgstr "" "gjorde», sa Ton." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3951 msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing." msgstr "For Ton og Blender, går alt tilbake til hva du gjør." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3955 msgid "Cards Against Humanity" msgstr "Cards Against Humanity" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3958 msgid "" "Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular " "party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S." @@ -7583,12 +7631,12 @@ msgstr "" "populært fest-spill ved samme navn. Grunnlagt i USA i 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3963 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3940 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3965 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies" @@ -7597,19 +7645,19 @@ msgstr "" "kopier" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3968 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 3. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3971 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Max Temkin, medgrunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3979 msgid "" "If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting " "about the Cards Against Humanity business model. “We make a product. We sell " @@ -7621,7 +7669,7 @@ msgstr "" "inn», sa Max." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3985 msgid "" "He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after " "the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-" @@ -7640,7 +7688,7 @@ msgstr "" "og morsomt spill." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3995 msgid "" "The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a " "profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is " @@ -7655,7 +7703,7 @@ msgstr "" "temapakker samt internasjonale utgaver." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4003 msgid "" "But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a " "digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than " @@ -7668,7 +7716,7 @@ msgstr "" "loggføre tallene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4009 msgid "" "The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " "(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can " @@ -7683,7 +7731,7 @@ msgstr "" "nytt spill i seg selv." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4017 msgid "" "All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free " "download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive " @@ -7694,7 +7742,7 @@ msgstr "" "spillet solid kultstatus." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022 msgid "" "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against " "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max " @@ -7719,7 +7767,7 @@ msgstr "" "offisielt i mai 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4035 msgid "" "The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. " "Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make " @@ -7730,7 +7778,7 @@ msgstr "" "dette til en kontinuerlig virksomhet. «På en måte hendte det bare», sa han." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4016 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4041 msgid "" "But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like the " "game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. It is " @@ -7744,7 +7792,7 @@ msgstr "" "dumme spørsmål»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4047 msgid "" "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity " "and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday " @@ -7770,7 +7818,7 @@ msgstr "" "dollar mer»-salg." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4036 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4061 msgid "" "“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans were " "going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went with it. " @@ -7781,7 +7829,7 @@ msgstr "" "oppfattet helt klart spøken»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4041 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4066 msgid "" "This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it " "engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in " @@ -7794,7 +7842,7 @@ msgstr "" "om hva du gjør»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4073 msgid "" "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a little " "subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke.” One " @@ -7809,7 +7857,7 @@ msgstr "" "den vellykket. De fikk inn $70,000 på én dag." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4056 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4081 msgid "" "This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their " "decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your " @@ -7834,7 +7882,7 @@ msgstr "" "det er så mange fordeler»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4069 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4094 msgid "" "Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, " "but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The " @@ -7849,7 +7897,7 @@ msgstr "" "laget. I dag finnes det tusenvis av utvidelser fra tilhengere av spillet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4102 msgid "" "Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people " "involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the " @@ -7862,7 +7910,7 @@ msgstr "" "aldri brukt en krone på markedsføring»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4109 msgid "" "Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do " "with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license " @@ -7886,7 +7934,7 @@ msgstr "" "det. Det har bare vært en håndfull tilfeller der de har måttet hyre advokat." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4123 msgid "" "Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity " "business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, " @@ -7905,7 +7953,7 @@ msgstr "" "er faktisk mye arbeid og ordkløveri»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4133 msgid "" "That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a " "submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of " @@ -7926,7 +7974,7 @@ msgstr "" "lager sine egne tilpasninger til spillet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4119 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4144 msgid "" "For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only " "partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in " @@ -7941,7 +7989,7 @@ msgstr "" "sa han." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4126 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4151 msgid "" "In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and " "causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all have other interests " @@ -7957,7 +8005,7 @@ msgstr "" "spillet inn i det»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4159 msgid "" "Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them " "to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing " @@ -7973,7 +8021,7 @@ msgstr "" "penger fra kunder." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4167 msgid "" "“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” Max " "said. “If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not best " @@ -7986,12 +8034,12 @@ msgstr "" "og hvorfor du lager ting»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4175 msgid "The Conversation" msgstr "The Conversation" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4178 msgid "" "The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic " "and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. " @@ -8002,12 +8050,12 @@ msgstr "" "2011 i Australia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4158 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4183 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4185 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as " @@ -8018,15 +8066,14 @@ msgstr "" "fakulteter som forfattere), donasjonsfinansiering" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4167 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder" msgstr "" -"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuobjekt</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, " -"grunnlegger" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4200 msgid "" "Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the " "Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, " @@ -8043,7 +8090,7 @@ msgstr "" "journalistikk. Andrew forpliktet seg til å koke opp en alternativ modell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4210 msgid "" "Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew " "wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather " @@ -8058,7 +8105,7 @@ msgstr "" "på det spekulative." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4217 msgid "" "While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university " "in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an " @@ -8096,7 +8143,7 @@ msgstr "" "presentere sin kompetanse til det bredere publlikum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4238 msgid "" "Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public " "arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought " @@ -8121,7 +8168,7 @@ msgstr "" "velger sitater, og skriver hva enn de måtte ønske." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4226 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4251 msgid "" "The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money " "and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial " @@ -8144,7 +8191,7 @@ msgstr "" "publiseres i Conversation lisensieres åpent med Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4264 msgid "" "The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning " "democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. " @@ -8163,12 +8210,12 @@ msgstr "" "deres er enkel: Å gi leserne en pålitelig kilde til bevisbasert informasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4277 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4250 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4275 msgid "" "Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible " "content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of " @@ -8198,7 +8245,7 @@ msgstr "" "nytt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4265 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4290 msgid "" "Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the " "Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for " @@ -8221,7 +8268,7 @@ msgstr "" "Conversation gjør." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4302 msgid "" "When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find " "and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has " @@ -8237,7 +8284,7 @@ msgstr "" "News." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4310 msgid "" "It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of " "company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the " @@ -8255,7 +8302,7 @@ msgstr "" "foretagende." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4319 msgid "" "There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United " "Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for " @@ -8274,7 +8321,7 @@ msgstr "" "universitetsforskere fra enda flere deler av verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4329 msgid "" "Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic " "partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, " @@ -8292,7 +8339,7 @@ msgstr "" "dekning og funksjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4338 msgid "" "When professors from member universities write an article, there is some " "branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation " @@ -8307,7 +8354,7 @@ msgstr "" "med plass i det redaksjonelle rådgivende styre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4345 msgid "" "Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing " "from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also " @@ -8326,7 +8373,7 @@ msgstr "" "lesere per artikkel." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4355 msgid "" "The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but " "impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a " @@ -8342,7 +8389,7 @@ msgstr "" "et selskap om et emne." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4363 msgid "" "These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the " "Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re " @@ -8353,7 +8400,7 @@ msgstr "" "vise at de er verdifulle." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4343 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4368 msgid "" "With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation " "represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more informed " @@ -8369,12 +8416,12 @@ msgstr "" "inntekter samtidig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4377 msgid "Cory Doctorow" msgstr "Cory Doctorow" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4380 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and " "journalist. Based in the U.S." @@ -8383,7 +8430,7 @@ msgstr "" "journalist med base i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4383 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net" "\"/>" @@ -8392,7 +8439,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4361 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4386 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books" @@ -8401,13 +8448,13 @@ msgstr "" "kopier (boksalg), betal-hva-du-vil, salg av rettigheter til bokoversettelser" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4390 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 12. januar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 msgid "" "Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he is " "not a brand. “To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing that has " @@ -8424,7 +8471,7 @@ msgstr "" "antall timer fordi det er det aller viktigste jeg vet hvordan skal gjøres»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4407 msgid "" "Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from " "making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them " @@ -8434,7 +8481,7 @@ msgstr "" "ting folk tilfeldigvis liker, for så å ikke være i veien når de deler det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4412 msgid "" "He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. " "Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, " @@ -8454,7 +8501,7 @@ msgstr "" "Internett-alderen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4423 msgid "" "Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on " "paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for " @@ -8465,7 +8512,7 @@ msgstr "" "modeller for sitt arbeid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4428 msgid "" "While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is " "just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of " @@ -8497,7 +8544,7 @@ msgstr "" "det jeg gjør, ville bli borte»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4445 msgid "" "Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary " "motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he " @@ -8522,7 +8569,7 @@ msgstr "" "selv frisk»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4458 msgid "" "Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his " "primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative " @@ -8541,7 +8588,7 @@ msgstr "" "bruken av CC-lisenser hans verdensbilde." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4468 msgid "" "He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work " "with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a " @@ -8561,7 +8608,7 @@ msgstr "" "tyver», sa han." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4478 msgid "" "Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the " "time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun " @@ -8585,7 +8632,7 @@ msgstr "" "spredning»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4491 msgid "" "Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted " "Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his " @@ -8600,7 +8647,7 @@ msgstr "" "sier de at det er som følge av hans etablerte forfatterskap." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4499 msgid "" "The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people " "from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes " @@ -8615,7 +8662,7 @@ msgstr "" "ut, men det er oppsiktsvekkende hvor mange som ikke synes det»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4507 msgid "" "Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to " "view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. “Being open to fan activity makes " @@ -8642,7 +8689,7 @@ msgstr "" "som Disney er heller liten, så jeg bør ta all den hjelp jeg kan få»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4522 msgid "" "His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons " "license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only " @@ -8669,7 +8716,7 @@ msgstr "" "finnes uprofesjonelle oversettelser tilgjengelig gratis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4537 msgid "" "In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy " "to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each " @@ -8695,7 +8742,7 @@ msgstr "" "noe tilbake»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4526 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4551 msgid "" "Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared " "more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—" @@ -8715,7 +8762,7 @@ msgstr "" "deg nøkkelen, er den ikke der i hensikt å gagne deg»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4561 msgid "" "Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, " "rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet " @@ -8736,7 +8783,7 @@ msgstr "" "kontrollen over hans arbeid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4547 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4572 msgid "" "Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, " "and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available " @@ -8757,7 +8804,7 @@ msgstr "" "eget betal-hva-du-vil -eksperiment ut i livet snart." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4558 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4583 msgid "" "Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to " "the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he " @@ -8779,7 +8826,7 @@ msgstr "" "har blitt rørt av ditt arbeid»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4594 msgid "" "Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not " "reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it " @@ -8794,17 +8841,17 @@ msgstr "" "ting på, og hvordan man får dem inn i andre folks sinn og hender»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602 msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion." msgstr "Det har aldri vært lettere å rette tankene i løvetannens baner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4606 msgid "Figshare" msgstr "Figshare" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4609 msgid "" "Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where " "researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including " @@ -8816,12 +8863,12 @@ msgstr "" "i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4615 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators" @@ -8830,19 +8877,19 @@ msgstr "" "betalte tjenester til innholdsleverandører" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4620 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 28. januar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4623 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder" msgstr "" -"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuobjekt</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, grunnlegger" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4606 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 msgid "" "Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through " "improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly " @@ -8863,7 +8910,7 @@ msgstr "" "vitenskapelig disiplinpublisering ikke tillater." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4642 msgid "" "Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do " "we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be " @@ -8874,7 +8921,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortjeneste, være å stole på? Svarene har utviklet seg over tid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4647 msgid "" "Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student " "getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with " @@ -8892,7 +8939,7 @@ msgstr "" "hans karriere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4656 msgid "" "Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. " "Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become " @@ -8905,7 +8952,7 @@ msgstr "" "dele det med alle. Dernest begynte han å arbeide med en løsning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4663 msgid "" "There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent " "identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object " @@ -8916,7 +8963,7 @@ msgstr "" "originalobjektet for å sikre at forskningen kan siteres på lang sikt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4644 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4669 msgid "" "Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a " "persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as " @@ -8933,7 +8980,7 @@ msgstr "" "DataCite for å tilby DOI-er for forskningsdata." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4678 msgid "" "As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-" "science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. " @@ -8948,7 +8995,7 @@ msgstr "" "BY (Attribution) for figurer, videoer og datasett." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4661 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4686 msgid "" "So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He " "had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. " @@ -8961,7 +9008,7 @@ msgstr "" "han åpnet det opp for dem også." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4692 msgid "" "People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking " "if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of " @@ -8969,15 +9016,15 @@ msgid "" "for software. To allow the sharing of software code, Mark chose the MIT " "license, but GNU and Apache licenses can also be used." msgstr "" -"Folk likte grensesnittet og den enkle opplastingsprosessen. Spørsmålene om " -"hvorvidt teser, legatforespørsler og kode kunne deles kom . Innlemming av " -"kode bød på nye spørsmål vedrørende lisensiering, siden Creative Commons-" -"lisensene ikke brukes for programvare. For å tillate deling av " -"programvarekode, brukte Mark MIT-lisensen, men GNU og Apache-lisenser kan " -"også brukes." +"Folk likte grensesnittet og den enkle prosessen for å laste opp. Spørsmålene " +"kom så om hvorvidt avhandlinger, legatforespørsler og kode kunne deles. " +"Innlemming av kode bød på nye spørsmål vedrørende lisensiering, siden " +"Creative Commons-lisensene ikke brukes for programvare. For å tillate deling " +"av programvarekode, brukte Mark MIT-lisensen, men GNU- og Apache-lisenser " +"kan også brukes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4700 msgid "" "Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few " "unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest " @@ -8994,7 +9041,7 @@ msgstr "" "premiumfordeler, funksjonalitet eller virituelle eiendeler.)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4682 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4707 msgid "" "Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for " "storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative " @@ -9016,7 +9063,7 @@ msgstr "" "sikrer bare at det varer»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4718 msgid "" "In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for " "figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to " @@ -9035,7 +9082,7 @@ msgstr "" "gi dem denne funksjonaliteten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4728 msgid "" "Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. " "Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online " @@ -9062,7 +9109,7 @@ msgstr "" "overbevist dem om å bruke Creative Commons-lisenser for dataene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4742 msgid "" "Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with " "the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the " @@ -9081,7 +9128,7 @@ msgstr "" "og lagt til tjenester for institusjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4752 msgid "" "Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including " "their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that " @@ -9100,7 +9147,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotekarer og administratorer, samt av forskerne." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4762 msgid "" "As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to " "share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into " @@ -9123,7 +9170,7 @@ msgstr "" "(Attribution-ShareAlike) eller CC BY-ND (Attribution-NoDerivs)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4775 msgid "" "For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and " "benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC " @@ -9142,7 +9189,7 @@ msgstr "" "noen negative konsekvenser, bestemte han seg å følge etter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4760 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4785 msgid "" "Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research " "dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics " @@ -9158,7 +9205,7 @@ msgstr "" "flere forskere og institusjoner vil gjøre den til sin valgte lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4773 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4798 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" @@ -9167,7 +9214,7 @@ msgstr "" "Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" @@ -9176,7 +9223,7 @@ msgstr "" "inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4793 msgid "" "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it " "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. " @@ -9199,7 +9246,7 @@ msgstr "" "\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4804 msgid "" "The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through " "word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of " @@ -9221,12 +9268,12 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons-lisenser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4819 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4815 msgid "" "Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right " "time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over " @@ -9249,7 +9296,7 @@ msgstr "" "brukes av allmenningen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4826 msgid "" "Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, " "800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus " @@ -9264,7 +9311,7 @@ msgstr "" "bruken av Figshare av andre, inkludert Wikipedia og nyhetskilder." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 msgid "" "Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal " "publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to " @@ -9290,12 +9337,12 @@ msgstr "" "stand til å samarbeide og gjøre nye funn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4849 msgid "Figure.NZ" msgstr "Figure.NZ" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4852 msgid "" "Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed " "to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New " @@ -9305,33 +9352,33 @@ msgstr "" "dataplattform myntet på å gjøre data gjenbrukbar og enkel å forstå seg på." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4832 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4857 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4859 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid " "services to creators, donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Plattform som tilbyr " -"betalte tjenester til skapere, bidragsytere, legatmidler" +"betalte tjenester til skapere, bidragsytere, sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4862 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 3. mai 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4839 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4864 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4848 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4873 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" @@ -9340,7 +9387,7 @@ msgstr "" "NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4872 msgid "" "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at " "the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" @@ -9378,7 +9425,7 @@ msgstr "" "spesielt fokus på New Zealand." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 msgid "" "Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the " "New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic " @@ -9399,7 +9446,7 @@ msgstr "" "du ofte må betale for." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4902 msgid "" "Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that " "could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki " @@ -9414,18 +9461,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Lillian begynte å forestille seg et nettsted som løftet frem data til " "visuell form som kunne lett forstås, og som var fritt tilgjengelig. Det ble " -"innledningvis lansert som Wiki New Zealand, da den opprinnelige ideen var at " -"folk kunne bidra med sine data og bilder via en wiki. Men få personer hadde " -"grafer som kunne brukes og deles, og det var ingen standarder eller " +"innledningsvis lansert som Wiki New Zealand, da den opprinnelige ideen var " +"at folk kunne bidra med sine data og bilder via en wiki. Men få personer " +"hadde grafer som kunne brukes og deles, og det var ingen standarder eller " "sammenheng mellom dataene og det visuelle. Da Lillian innså at wiki-modellen " "ikke fungerte, tok hun prosessen med data aggregering, konservering og " "visuell presentasjon hjem, og investerte i teknologien for å automatisere " -"noe av det. Wiki New Zealand ble Figure.NZ, og innsatsen ble reorientert mot " -"å gi tjenester til dem som ønsker å åpne sine data, og presentere dem " -"visuelt." +"noe av det. Wiki New Zealand ble Figure.NZ, og innsatsen ble snudd mot å gi " +"tjenester til dem som ønsker å åpne sine data, og presentere dem visuelt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4916 msgid "" "Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, " "including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and " @@ -9456,7 +9502,7 @@ msgstr "" "lenge de henviser til den opprinnelige kilden og Figure.NZ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4942 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" @@ -9465,7 +9511,7 @@ msgstr "" "new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4933 msgid "" "Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as " "naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian " @@ -9496,7 +9542,7 @@ msgstr "" "Creative Commons-lisensiert, noe som passer fint til Figure.NZs beslutning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4924 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4949 msgid "" "Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only " "a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we " @@ -9521,7 +9567,7 @@ msgstr "" "vokter og pålitelig kilde." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 msgid "" "Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data " "and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be " @@ -9556,7 +9602,7 @@ msgstr "" "gjøre seg forskjellig, og knytte sin merkevare til det hele." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4981 msgid "" "Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data " "collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every " @@ -9569,7 +9615,7 @@ msgstr "" "få verdi fra dataene og de visuelle fremstillingene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4987 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services " "to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use " @@ -9598,7 +9644,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettsted gratis for alle brukere, og virkelig demokratisere data." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4978 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5003 msgid "" "Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not " "well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult " @@ -9623,12 +9669,12 @@ msgstr "" "gjort før." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5021 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5016 msgid "" "A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and " "Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one " @@ -9644,12 +9690,12 @@ msgstr "" "stille.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5024 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5024 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons " "donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get " @@ -9662,7 +9708,7 @@ msgstr "" "innvirkning på hva som tas med eller ekskluderes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5030 msgid "" "Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide " "more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to " @@ -9675,7 +9721,7 @@ msgstr "" "skattefritatt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5011 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5036 msgid "" "Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, " "and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep " @@ -9698,7 +9744,7 @@ msgstr "" "eksterne tilknytninger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5048 msgid "" "Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range " "of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, " @@ -9717,7 +9763,7 @@ msgstr "" "opplevelser, ikke brukermanualer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5058 msgid "" "Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their " "customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important " @@ -9742,7 +9788,7 @@ msgstr "" "tolke data om emnene de er interessert i." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5047 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5072 msgid "" "Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond " "simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We " @@ -9759,7 +9805,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre, om det så var på vegne av et land eller selskaper." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5056 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5081 msgid "" "“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information " "widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best " @@ -9771,7 +9817,7 @@ msgstr "" "informasjon»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5087 msgid "" "“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is " "one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use " @@ -9782,7 +9828,7 @@ msgstr "" "ikke tall som en del av vår tenkning og forståelse ennå»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5093 msgid "" "“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In " "addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to " @@ -9803,7 +9849,7 @@ msgstr "" "kan analysere og tenke med tall»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use " "numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along " @@ -9816,7 +9862,7 @@ msgstr "" "Figure.NZ er titusenvis av grafer, kart og data»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5111 msgid "" "“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people analyze " "what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about " @@ -9834,7 +9880,7 @@ msgstr "" "fremtiden»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5120 msgid "" "Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, " "their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get " @@ -9849,12 +9895,12 @@ msgstr "" "gjør denne nettverkseffekten mulig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5129 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "Knowledge Unlatched" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5132 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -9865,12 +9911,12 @@ msgstr "" "Grunnlagt 2012 i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5112 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5137 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5139 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" @@ -9879,21 +9925,20 @@ msgstr "" "(spesialisert)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 26. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" -"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuobjekt</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, " -"grunnlegger" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5153 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -9922,7 +9967,7 @@ msgstr "" "Innovation Award-pris for innovasjon i utdanning i 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5169 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -9935,7 +9980,7 @@ msgstr "" "både å beskytte innhold på nettet, og fordele det gratis for brukere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5176 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -9948,7 +9993,7 @@ msgstr "" "ned." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -9980,7 +10025,7 @@ msgstr "" "for det trykte formatet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5174 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5199 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -9997,7 +10042,7 @@ msgstr "" "iskrem sundae." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5208 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -10014,7 +10059,7 @@ msgstr "" "boken - kjeksisen eller iskuler med pynt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5217 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -10029,7 +10074,7 @@ msgstr "" "versjon av bøker utgitt med en Creative Commons-lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5225 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -10050,7 +10095,7 @@ msgstr "" "samfunnsforetak) i 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5211 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" @@ -10059,7 +10104,7 @@ msgstr "" "Unlatched: Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5243 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." @@ -10068,7 +10113,7 @@ msgstr "" "bare via Knowlegde Unlatched." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." @@ -10077,7 +10122,7 @@ msgstr "" "samlinger (slik de gjør fra bibliotekleverandører i dag)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5255 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." @@ -10086,7 +10131,7 @@ msgstr "" "kjøpes spesifiseres og prisene angis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5261 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -10099,7 +10144,7 @@ msgstr "" "dekket Title Fee-gebyret." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5270 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -10110,12 +10155,12 @@ msgstr "" "beløpet som er den summen som er innbetalt fra bibliotekene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5280 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5277 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -10128,7 +10173,7 @@ msgstr "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5285 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -10146,7 +10191,7 @@ msgstr "" "på utgiftene, og pr. bok kom de ned i under 43 dollar pr. bok." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5271 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5296 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" @@ -10155,7 +10200,7 @@ msgstr "" "availability-1/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5295 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -10178,7 +10223,7 @@ msgstr "" "(royalty) for salg av fysiske kopier." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5306 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -10198,7 +10243,7 @@ msgstr "" "reduserer deretter for hvert ekstra bibliotek som deltar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5318 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -10226,7 +10271,7 @@ msgstr "" "og til sist, unnfanging." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5333 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -10237,7 +10282,7 @@ msgstr "" "passe inn i kjøpssykluser, budsjettrunder, og bibliotekkomiteers møter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5314 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5339 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -10255,7 +10300,7 @@ msgstr "" "fått enda flere biblioteker med i laget." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5349 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -10266,7 +10311,7 @@ msgstr "" "også, med fri tilgang på alt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5354 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -10277,7 +10322,7 @@ msgstr "" "lukkede standard publiseringsmodellenen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5360 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -10296,14 +10341,14 @@ msgstr "" "13 av dem, i andre runde gikk det ikke mer enn en måned for å få 26." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5377 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5345 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5370 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -10324,7 +10369,7 @@ msgstr "" "ved å delta.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5380 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -10344,7 +10389,7 @@ msgstr "" "digitale versjonen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5366 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5391 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -10360,7 +10405,7 @@ msgstr "" "bibliotekene, men for hele verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5399 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -10383,7 +10428,7 @@ msgstr "" "lastet ned nesten åtti tusen ganger i 175 land." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5411 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." @@ -10392,7 +10437,7 @@ msgstr "" "for monografier en vinn-vinn-situasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5415 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -10413,7 +10458,7 @@ msgstr "" "frikjøp av tidsskifter og eldre bøker." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5426 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -10434,12 +10479,12 @@ msgstr "" "snarere enn en revolusjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5438 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "Lumen Learning" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5441 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." @@ -10449,12 +10494,12 @@ msgstr "" "educational resources). Grunnlagt 2013 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5446 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5448 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" @@ -10463,13 +10508,13 @@ msgstr "" "tjenester, gi finansiering" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5451 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 21. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" @@ -10478,12 +10523,12 @@ msgstr "" "Thanos, medgrunnleggere" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -10526,7 +10571,7 @@ msgstr "" "opprette Lumen Learning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5485 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -10545,7 +10590,7 @@ msgstr "" "donasjonen skal brukes, er det ofte ikke mye fleksibilitet til å gjøre det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5495 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -10563,7 +10608,7 @@ msgstr "" "bærekraftig utvikling." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5504 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -10578,7 +10623,7 @@ msgstr "" "frie bruk og gjenbruk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5487 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5512 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -10604,12 +10649,12 @@ msgstr "" "universiteter –" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5528 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "å erstatte dyre lærebøker i kurs med mange påmeldinger med OER;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5534 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" @@ -10619,7 +10664,7 @@ msgstr "" "læringshåndtering;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5541 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" @@ -10628,7 +10673,7 @@ msgstr "" "utholdenhet, og kursfullførelse; og" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5522 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5547 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." @@ -10637,7 +10682,7 @@ msgstr "" "basert på kunnskap om studentens studiefremgang." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5553 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -10652,7 +10697,7 @@ msgstr "" "lisensen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -10667,7 +10712,7 @@ msgstr "" "dollar pr. deltagende student." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5569 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -10681,7 +10726,7 @@ msgstr "" "dollar pr. deltagende student." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5576 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -10698,7 +10743,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre dyre ressurser med OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5560 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5585 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -10729,7 +10774,7 @@ msgstr "" "i samfunnet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5602 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -10749,7 +10794,7 @@ msgstr "" "den beste OER de kan finne i så henseende, som fakultetet så etterser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5613 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -10770,7 +10815,7 @@ msgstr "" "Lumens innhold blir gitt en henvisning – Attribusjon (CC BY)-lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5624 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -10785,7 +10830,7 @@ msgstr "" "forskjellig OER." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5632 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -10806,7 +10851,7 @@ msgstr "" "henvisninger som metadata, for å få det til å vises på slutten av hver side." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5643 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -10821,7 +10866,7 @@ msgstr "" "antall generelle henvendelser Lumens salgskapasitet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5651 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -10844,7 +10889,7 @@ msgstr "" "størst antall elever." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5664 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -10863,7 +10908,7 @@ msgstr "" "bærekraften i Lumen beholdes." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5674 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -10882,7 +10927,7 @@ msgstr "" "nytte av, og bidrar til dette åpne samfunnet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5684 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -10899,7 +10944,7 @@ msgstr "" "og med gir tilbake generøst." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5693 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -10919,7 +10964,7 @@ msgstr "" "utvikling og forbedring av den OER-en de bruker." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5704 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -10936,7 +10981,7 @@ msgstr "" "alle disse faktorene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5713 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -10949,7 +10994,7 @@ msgstr "" "er forståelig, og som kan gjentas." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5719 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -10970,7 +11015,7 @@ msgstr "" "erstatte donasjoner med inntekter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5706 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -10988,12 +11033,12 @@ msgstr "" "vite hvor du står, og ikke vike tilbake. Det er et spørsmål om tillit." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5742 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "Jonathan Mann" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the “Song " "A Day” guy. Based in the U.S." @@ -11002,7 +11047,7 @@ msgstr "" "fyren. Han holder til i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5748 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" @@ -11011,7 +11056,7 @@ msgstr "" "bandcamp.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5751 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -11022,13 +11067,13 @@ msgstr "" "for personlige versjoner (inntekter fra foredrag og musikalske opptredener)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 22. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as “hustling”—seizing nearly " "every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income comes from " @@ -11049,7 +11094,7 @@ msgstr "" "oppsummerer hva innlederne har sagt i konferansens sesjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5775 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -11069,7 +11114,7 @@ msgstr "" "erfaringen ga ham oppslag i Time magazine." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5786 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful “hustling” is also about old-fashioned persistence. He " "is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song each day. He " @@ -11082,7 +11127,7 @@ msgstr "" "er viden kjent som «song-a-day guy» («sang-hver-dag-fyren»)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5793 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -11101,7 +11146,7 @@ msgstr "" "nettet enn bare lyttet til lydfiler." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -11130,7 +11175,7 @@ msgstr "" "han seg, og får noen andre til å legge ut sangen for ham." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5819 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -11147,7 +11192,7 @@ msgstr "" "sanger for dem. I dag tjener han mesteparten av pengene sine på den måten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5828 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super simple " "to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a heartfelt, " @@ -11164,7 +11209,7 @@ msgstr "" "produksjonen av denne boken." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5812 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5837 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -11179,7 +11224,7 @@ msgstr "" "virker så åpenbart at du skulle ønske at ditt arbeid skulle kunne deles»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5845 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -11198,7 +11243,7 @@ msgstr "" "fra tidenes begynnelse. Vår meg-meg, min-min kultur har undergravd det»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5855 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -11213,7 +11258,7 @@ msgstr "" "det», sa Jonathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5837 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5862 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. “I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a really " @@ -11232,7 +11277,7 @@ msgstr "" "sanger for klienter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5872 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -11253,7 +11298,7 @@ msgstr "" "journalist oversatte han tekniske begreper til noe forståelig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5884 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -11281,7 +11326,7 @@ msgstr "" "prosessen»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5899 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -11294,7 +11339,7 @@ msgstr "" "funnet en måte å holde det interessant for seg selv." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5906 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -11317,7 +11362,7 @@ msgstr "" "bruke sin egen unike stil i stedet for å etterligne andres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5918 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -11335,7 +11380,7 @@ msgstr "" "prinsippene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5927 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -11350,7 +11395,7 @@ msgstr "" "bli bedre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5909 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5934 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -11365,7 +11410,7 @@ msgstr "" "av Steve Jobs, sier han at aldri føler seg virkelig vellykket." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5942 msgid "" "“Success feels like it’s over,” he said. “To a certain extent, a creative " "person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied because then so much " @@ -11376,12 +11421,12 @@ msgstr "" "du driver med være borte.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5948 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "Noun Project" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -11391,12 +11436,12 @@ msgstr "" "visuelle ikoner fra et globalt nettverk av designere. Stiftet i 2010 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5956 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" @@ -11405,13 +11450,13 @@ msgstr "" "transaksjonsgebyr, betaling for tilpassede tjenester." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5961 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 6. oktober 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5939 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5964 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" @@ -11419,7 +11464,7 @@ msgstr "" "medgrunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5972 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -11430,7 +11475,7 @@ msgstr "" "språk og kulturer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5952 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5977 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -11447,7 +11492,7 @@ msgstr "" "hvert enkelt objekt eller begrep i verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -11462,7 +11507,7 @@ msgstr "" "hjelpe dem som var i lignende situasjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -11478,7 +11523,7 @@ msgstr "" "verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" @@ -11487,7 +11532,7 @@ msgstr "" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6001 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -11507,7 +11552,7 @@ msgstr "" "større." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -11522,7 +11567,7 @@ msgstr "" "er lett å overbevise dem om endelig å dele dem med verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -11539,7 +11584,7 @@ msgstr "" "fellesskap av designere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -11552,7 +11597,7 @@ msgstr "" "rundt gratis innhold." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6009 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6034 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -11577,7 +11622,7 @@ msgstr "" "ut i det offentlige rom." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6048 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -11596,7 +11641,7 @@ msgstr "" "referanseuttalelser. For Edward: «Det var da lyspæren vår sa poff»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6058 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -11611,7 +11656,7 @@ msgstr "" "spennende for de fleste designere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -11638,7 +11683,7 @@ msgstr "" "bra for plattformen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6079 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -11663,7 +11708,7 @@ msgstr "" "API Pro-versjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6068 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6093 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -11674,7 +11719,7 @@ msgstr "" "Projectet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6098 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -11695,15 +11740,15 @@ msgstr "" "som det stiller opp med en større andel av tjenesten til brukeren." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6085 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6109 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -11715,7 +11760,7 @@ msgstr "" "overfor innholdsleverandørene fordi å bygge tillit har høyeste prioritet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6089 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6114 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -11729,7 +11774,7 @@ msgstr "" "betale husleien." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6121 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -11755,7 +11800,7 @@ msgstr "" "direkte fra Lingo." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6110 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6135 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -11769,7 +11814,7 @@ msgstr "" "andre som trenger å kommunisere ideer visuelt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6142 msgid "" "For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual language” " "is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their stated mission. It " @@ -11780,7 +11825,7 @@ msgstr "" "tilbyr grafikk, ikoner eller utklipp." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6148 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -11797,7 +11842,7 @@ msgstr "" "bidragsytere, er det viktig å ha et oppdrag utover det å tjene penger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6157 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -11810,7 +11855,7 @@ msgstr "" "kommer med et innebygd fellesskap med brukere og tilhengere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6164 msgid "" "Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community " "around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat for you " @@ -11829,7 +11874,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortsette å gi det næring»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6174 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -11842,7 +11887,7 @@ msgstr "" "Brukerne kan også søke i ikonene etter designerens navn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6181 #, fuzzy msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " @@ -11862,7 +11907,7 @@ msgstr "" "kan brukes gratis av alle." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6165 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6190 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -11880,12 +11925,12 @@ msgstr "" "integrere Creative Commons i modellen har vært nøkkelen til å nå dette målet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6201 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "Open Data-instituttet" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6179 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6204 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -11896,12 +11941,12 @@ msgstr "" "2012 i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6209 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6211 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" @@ -11910,12 +11955,12 @@ msgstr "" "offentlig finansiering, betaling for tilpassede tjenester, donasjoner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6214 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 11. november 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6217 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" @@ -11924,7 +11969,7 @@ msgstr "" "direktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6225 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -11943,7 +11988,7 @@ msgstr "" "å hjelpe folk rundt i verden å innovere med data." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -11966,7 +12011,7 @@ msgstr "" "til å forbedre sine liv ved å bedre forstå hva som skjer rundt dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6247 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -11981,7 +12026,7 @@ msgstr "" "og åpne-data-initiativer.) Den fortsetter med å si at ODI vil –" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6257 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" @@ -11990,19 +12035,19 @@ msgstr "" "åpen data-politikk berører dette;" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6263 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" "utvikle eksempler på de økonomiske fordelene – og forretningsmodeller for " "åpne data." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6269 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "hjelpe britiske bedrifter å bruke åpne data; og" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6274 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" @@ -12011,16 +12056,16 @@ msgstr "" "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6274 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"vise hvordan åpne data kan forbedre offentlige tjenester. <placeholder type=" +"vise hvordan åpne data kan forbedre offentlige tjenester.<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -12037,7 +12082,7 @@ msgstr "" "særlige fokus er å vise åpne datas potensiale for å gi inntekter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6289 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -12052,7 +12097,7 @@ msgstr "" "millioner investering fra Omidyar Network." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -12067,7 +12112,7 @@ msgstr "" "ansatte." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6304 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -12075,7 +12120,7 @@ msgid "" "establishes some stability, but also keeps them motivated to go out and " "generate these matching funds in response to market needs." msgstr "" -"ODI bestreber seg på at halvdelen av det årlige budsjett skal kommer fra UKs " +"ODI bestreber seg på at halvdelen av det årlige budsjett skal komme fra UKs " "regjering og donasjoner fra Omidyar, og den andre halvdelen fra prosjekt-" "basert forskning og kommersielle oppdrag. Etter Jenis syn, har denne " "balansen i inntektskilder gitt noe stabilitet, men den holder dem også " @@ -12083,7 +12128,7 @@ msgstr "" "markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6312 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." @@ -12092,12 +12137,12 @@ msgstr "" "og rådgivning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6327 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6316 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -12111,18 +12156,19 @@ msgid "" "are listed on their website.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Du kan delta i ODI som personlig eller kommersielt medlem. Individuelle " -"medlemskap er betal-hva-du-kan, med alternativer fra £1 til £100. Medlemmer " -"mottar nyhetsbrev og relatert kommunikasjon og rabatt på ODIs kurs og " -"årssamling, og de kan vise et ODI-tilhenger merke på sin hjemmeside. " +"medlemskap er betal-hva-du-kan, med alternativer fra £ 1 til £ 100. " +"Medlemmer mottar nyhetsbrev og relatert kommunikasjon, og rabatt på ODIs " +"kurs og årssamling, og de kan vise et ODI-tilhengermerke på sin hjemmeside. " "Kommersielle medlemskap er delt inn i to klasser: Små og mellomstore " -"bedrifter og ideelle organisasjoner som betaler £720 per år, og selskaper og " -"offentlige organisasjoner som betaler £2200 året. Kommersielle medlemmer " -"har større muligheter til å koble seg til og samarbeide, utnytte fordelene " -"med åpne ddata, og åpne opp for nye forretningsmuligheter. (Alle medlemmer " -"er listet på nettsiden deres). <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"bedrifter og ideelle organisasjoner som betaler £ 720 pr. år, og selskaper " +"og offentlige organisasjoner som betaler £ 2200 året. Kommersielle " +"medlemmer har større muligheter til å koble seg til og samarbeide, utnytte " +"fordelene med åpne data, og åpne opp for nye forretningsmuligheter. (Alle " +"medlemmer er listet på nettsiden deres.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -12138,16 +12184,16 @@ msgstr "" "ODI gir standardisert opplæringskurs i åpne data der alle kan melde seg på. " "Den opprinnelige ideen var å tilby et intensivt og akademisk diplom i åpne " "data, men det ble raskt klart det ikke var noe marked for det. I stedet " -"tilbød de fem dager lange offentlige opplæringskurs, som senere er redusert " +"tilbød de fem dagers lange offentlige opplæringskurs, som senere er redusert " "til tre dager. Nå er det mest populære kurset på en dag. Avgiften, i tillegg " "til den tiden det krever, kan være en barriere for deltakelse. Jeni sier: " -"\"De fleste av de som kunne betale vet ikke at de trenger det. De fleste som " -"vet at de trenger det, kan ikke betale.\" Offentlige organisasjoner gir noen " -"ganger kuponger til sine ansatte, så de kan delta som en form for faglig " -"utvikling." +"«De fleste av dem som kunne betale vet ikke at de trenger det. De fleste som " +"vet at de trenger det, kan ikke betale». Offentlige organisasjoner gir noen " +"ganger kuponger til sine ansatte, slik at de kan delta som en form for " +"faglig utvikling." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6344 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -12156,15 +12202,15 @@ msgid "" "their high-level executives, management, and technical staff. The training " "tends to generate high interest and commitment." msgstr "" -"ODI tilpasser trening for klienter, som det er mer etterspørsel. Tilpasset " -"opplæring vanligvis kommer gjennom en etablert forhold med en organisasjon. " -"Treningsprogrammet er basert på en definisjon av åpen-data kunnskap som " -"gjelder for organisasjonen og ferdighetene som trengs i deres høyt nivå " -"ledere, administrasjon og teknisk personale. Opplæring til å generere stor " -"interesse og engasjement." +"ODI tilpasser trening for klienter også, som det er mer etterspørsel etter. " +"Tilpasset opplæring oppstår vanligvis gjennom et etablert forhold til en " +"organisasjon. Treningsprogrammet er basert på en definisjon av åpen-" +"datakunnskap som gjelder for organisasjonen, og ferdighetene som trengs av " +"de øverste ledere, administrasjon og teknisk personale. Opplæringen har en " +"tendens til å generere stor interesse og engasjement." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6353 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -12174,12 +12220,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Opplæring om åpne data er også en del av ODIS årssamling, der foredrag og " "presentasjoner viser frem resultater fra ODI og medlemmer fra hele " -"økosystemet. Billetter til eventen er offentlig tilgjengelig, og hundrevis " -"av besøkende og organisasjoner er til stede og deltar. I 2014 var det fire " -"tematiske spor og over 750 deltakere." +"økosystemet. Billetter til arrangementet er offentlig tilgjengelig, og " +"hundrevis av besøkende og organisasjoner er til stede og deltar. I 2014 var " +"det fire tematiske spor og over 750 deltakere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6361 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -12189,32 +12235,33 @@ msgid "" "organizations." msgstr "" "I tillegg til medlemskap og trening utfører ODI rådgiving og bistand med " -"teknisk-data støtte, teknologiutvikling, endringsledelse, politikk og på " -"andre områder. ODI har rådgitt store kommersielle organisasjoner, små " +"teknisk datastøtte, teknologiutvikling, endringsledelse, politikk og på " +"andre områder. ODI har gitt råd til store kommersielle organisasjoner, små " "bedrifter og internasjonale myndigheter. I øyeblikket er fokus på " "regjeringen, men ODI arbeider med å skifte mer til kommersielle " "organisasjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6370 +#, fuzzy msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" -"På den kommersielle siden synes følgende verdistanspunkter å være resonable:" +"På den kommersielle siden synes følgende verdistanspunkter å gi gjenklang:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6376 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " "their own goals if they open up their own data too. Big data is a hot topic." msgstr "" "Data-drevet innsikt. Bedrifter trenger data utenfra for å få mer innsikt. " -"Bedrifter kan generere verdi og mer effektivt følge sine egne mål når de " +"Bedrifter kan generere verdi, og mer effektivt følge sine egne mål når de " "også åpner opp sine egne data. Store data er et hett tema." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6384 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -12229,7 +12276,7 @@ msgstr "" "organisatorisk uavhengighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6393 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -12237,12 +12284,12 @@ msgid "" "accountable, they can miss out on efficiencies and opportunities." msgstr "" "Samfunnsansvar. Mens dette klinger for bedrifter, advarer ODI mot å ha det " -"som den eneste grunnen for å gjøre data åpne. Hvis en virksomhet er bare " -"tenker åpne som en måte å være gjennomsiktig og ansvarlig, kan de glippe i " +"som den eneste grunnen for å gjøre data åpne. Hvis en virksomhet bare tenker " +"åpne som en måte å være gjennomsiktig og ansvarlig på, kan de gå glipp av " "effektivitet og muligheter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -12252,14 +12299,14 @@ msgid "" "prompted a need to set up international ODI “nodes.”" msgstr "" "I sine tidlige år ønsket ODI å fokusere utelukkende på Storbritannia. Men i " -"sitt første år, ønsket store delegasjoner fra regjeringer, fra over 50 land, " -"å lære mer om den britiske regjeringens åpen-data-praksis og hvordan ODI så " +"sitt første år ønsket store delegasjoner fra regjeringer, fra over 50 land, " +"å lære mer om den britiske regjeringens åpen-datapraksis, og hvordan ODI så " "den kunne omdannes til økonomiske verdier. De ble leid inn som en " "tjenesteleverandør til internasjonale orgnisasjoner, som signaliserte et " -"behov for å sette opp internasjonale ODI \"noder.\"" +"behov for å sette opp internasjonale ODI «noder»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -12274,13 +12321,13 @@ msgstr "" "eksisterende (for-fortjeneste eller ideelle) organisasjoner, opererer de " "lokalt, men er en del av det globale nettverket. Hver ODI-node vedtar et " "charter, et sett med styrende prinsipper og regler som ODI driver. De " -"utvikler og levere opplæring, kobler mennesker og virksomheter gjennom " -"medlemskap og arrangementer, og kommuniserer åpent-data historier fra sin " -"del av verden. Det er tjuesju ulike noder i nitten land. ODI-noder betaler " -"en liten avgift for å være en del av nettverket og bruke varemerket." +"utvikler og leverer opplæring, kobler mennesker og virksomheter gjennom " +"medlemskap og arrangementer, og kommuniserer åpen-datahistorier fra sin del " +"av verden. Det er tjuesju ulike noder i nitten land. ODI-noder betaler en " +"liten avgift for å være en del av nettverket, og bruke varemerket." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6425 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" @@ -12289,19 +12336,19 @@ msgstr "" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6423 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " "training, and even office space.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"ODI driver også programmer for å bistå grunder-foretak i Storbritannia og " +"ODI driver også programmer for å bistå grunderforetak i Storbritannia og " "Europa for å utvikle bærekraftig virksomhet rundt åpne data, der de tilbyr " -"veiledning, gir råd, lærer opp og til og med skaffer kontorlokaler. " +"veiledning, gir råd,opplæring, og til og med skaffer kontorlokaler. " "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -12310,21 +12357,21 @@ msgid "" "ODI, community is key to success. They devote significant time and effort to " "build it, not just online but through face-to-face events." msgstr "" -"En stor del av ODIS forretningsmodell dreier seg om å bygge fellesskap. " -"Medlemskap, opplæring, konferanser, konsulenttjenester, noder og oppstart " -"programmer oppretter et stadig voksende nettverk av åpne-data brukere og " -"ledere. (Faktisk har ODI selv noe som kalles Open Data Leaders Network.) For " -"ODI er fellesskapet nøkkelen til suksess. De vier mye tid og krefter til å " -"bygge det ut, ikke bare på Internett, men gjennom det som skjer ansikt til " -"ansikt." +"En stor del av ODIs forretningsmodell dreier seg om å bygge fellesskap. " +"Medlemskap, opplæring, konferanser, konsulenttjenester, noder og " +"oppstartsprogrammer oppretter et stadig voksende nettverk av åpne-" +"databrukere og -ledere. (Faktisk har ODI selv noe som kalles Open Data " +"Leaders Network.) For ODI er fellesskapet nøkkelen til suksess. De vier mye " +"tid og krefter til å bygge det ut, ikke bare på Internett, men gjennom det " +"som skjer ansikt til ansikt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6438 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -12334,14 +12381,14 @@ msgid "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "ODI har laget et nettbasert verktøy som organisasjoner kan bruke til å " -"vurdere de juridiske, praktiske, tekniske og sosiale aspektene åpne data. " -"Hvis det er av høy kvalitet, kan organisasjonen oppnå ODIS Open Data " +"vurdere de juridiske, praktiske, tekniske og sosiale aspektene av deres åpne " +"data. Hvis det er av høy kvalitet, kan organisasjonen oppnå ODIs Open Data " "Certificate, et globalt anerkjent merke som signaliserer at deres åpne data " -"er nyttige, pålitelige, tilgjengelige, synlige og støttet. <placeholder type=" +"er nyttige, pålitelige, tilgjengelige, synlige og støttet.<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6446 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -12350,24 +12397,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Atskilt fra kommersielle aktiviteter, genererer ODI finansiering med " "forskningsmidler. Forskning omfatter å dokumentere virkningen av åpne data, " -"å utvikle åpne-data-verktøy og standarder, og hvordan du skalerer opp " +"å utvikle åpne-dataverktøy og standarder, og hvordan du skalerer opp " "utplasseringen av åpne data." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6452 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " "to use Creative Commons licenses rather than creating new “open licenses” of " "their own." msgstr "" -"Creative Commons 4.0-lisenser dekker databaserettigheter og ODI anbefaler CC " -"BY, CC BY-SA, og CC0 for datautgivelser. ODI oppfordrer utgivere av data å " -"bruke Creative Commons-lisenser i stedet for å opprette nye egne \"åpne " -"lisenser\"." +"Creative Commons 4.0-lisenser dekker databaserettigheter, og ODI anbefaler " +"CC BY, CC BY-SA, og CC0 for datautgivelser. ODI oppfordrer utgivere av data " +"å bruke Creative Commons-lisenser i stedet for å opprette nye egne «åpne " +"lisenser»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6433 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -12384,34 +12431,34 @@ msgid "" "According to Jeni, “The biggest lesson we have learned is that it is " "completely possible to be open, get customers, and make money.”" msgstr "" -"For ODI, er åpent kjernen i det de gjør. De legger også ut enhver " -"programvare-kode de produserer med open-source-programvare lisenser, og " -"publikasjoner og rapporter er under CC BY eller CC BY-SA lisenser. ODIs " -"oppgave er å koble sammen og utstyre folk verden over slik at de kan skape " -"noe nytt med data. Å spre historier, forskning, veiledning og kode med åpne " -"lisenser er avgjørende for å klare den oppgaven. Det viser også at det er " -"fullt mulig å generere bærekraftige inntektsstrømmer som avhengig av " -"restriktiv lisensiering av innhold, data eller kode. Folk betaler for å få " -"opplæring av ODI eksperter, ikke for innholdet av opplæringen; folk betaler " -"for råd ODI gir dem, ikke for metodikken de bruker. Å produsere åpent " -"innhold, data og kildekode hjelper til med å etablere troverdighet og fører " -"videre til de betalte tjenestene de tilbyr. Ifølge Jeni er \"den største " -"lærdommen vi har fått er at det er fullt ut mulig å være åpen, få kunder og " -"tjene penger.\"" +"For ODI er åpen kjernen i det de gjør. De legger også ut enhver " +"programvarekode de produserer med åpen kildekode programvarelisenser (open-" +"source-software licenses), og publikasjoner og rapporter er under CC BY " +"eller CC BY-SA-lisenser. ODIs oppgave er å koble sammen og utstyre folk " +"verden over slik at de kan skape noe nytt med data. Å spre historier, " +"forskning, veiledning og kode med åpne lisenser er avgjørende for å klare " +"den oppgaven. Det viser også at det er fullt mulig å generere bærekraftige " +"inntektsstrømmer som avhengig av restriktiv lisensiering av innhold, data " +"eller kode. Folk betaler for å få opplæring av ODI-eksperter, ikke for " +"innholdet av opplæringen; folk betaler for råd ODI gir dem, ikke for " +"metodikken de bruker. Å produsere åpent innhold, data og kildekode hjelper " +"til med å etablere troverdighet, og fører videre til de betalte tjenestene " +"de tilbyr. Ifølge Jeni er «den største lærdommen vi har fått, er at det er " +"fullt ut mulig å være åpen, få kunder og tjene penger»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6451 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6476 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " "are a few metrics as of April 27, 2016:" msgstr "" -"For å tjene som bevis for en vellykket åpne forretningsmodell og avkastning " +"For å tjene som bevis for en vellykket åpen forretningsmodell og avkastning " "på investeringer, har ODI et offentlig skjermbilde med nøkkelindikatorer for " -"leveranse. Her er noen beregninger fra 27 April 2016:" +"leveranse. Her er noen beregninger fra 27. April 2016:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -12420,54 +12467,54 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Totalsummen kontantinvesteringer åpnet opp som direkte investeringer i ODI, " "konkurransefinansiering, direkte kontrakter, partnerskap og inntekt som ODI-" -"noder og ODI start-ups generert siden de begynte i ODI programmet: 44,5 " -"millioner pund" +"noder og ODI-oppstart har generert siden de ble med i ODI-programmet: £ 44,5 " +"millioner (pund)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6492 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "Antall aktive medlemmer og noder over hele verden: 1350" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6498 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" -msgstr "Totalt salg siden ODI starte: 7.44 millioner pund" +msgstr "Totalt salg siden ODI startet: £ 7.44 millioner (pund)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" -"Totalt antall unike personer nådd siden ODI startet, persolig og på nettet: " +"Totalt antall unike personer nådd siden ODI startet, personlig og på nettet: " "2,2 millioner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6509 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" -msgstr "Totalt antall Open Data Certificater opprettet: 151,000" +msgstr "Totalt antall åpne datasertifikater opprettet: 151 000" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6515 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6514 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"Totalt antall personer trent av ODI og nodene siden ODI startet: " -"5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"Totalt antall personer trent av ODI og nodene siden ODI startet: 5 " +"080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6521 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "OpenDesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6524 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -12478,13 +12525,13 @@ msgstr "" "virkeliggjør designene. Grunnlagt i 2014 i Storbritannia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6507 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8947 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" @@ -12493,12 +12540,12 @@ msgstr "" "transaksjonsgebyr" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6535 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\"> Intervjudato</emphasis>: 4. november 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6538 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" @@ -12507,7 +12554,7 @@ msgstr "" "Steiner, medgrunnleggere" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6521 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6546 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -12520,7 +12567,7 @@ msgstr "" "produsentene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6552 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -12537,21 +12584,21 @@ msgid "" "nonprofit foundation and Opendesk a for-profit company." msgstr "" "Medgrunnlegger Nick Ierodiaconou og Joni Steiner studerte og arbeidet sammen " -"som arkitekter. De laget også produkter. Den førte klienten deres var Mint " +"som arkitekter. De laget også produkter. Den første klienten deres var Mint " "Digital, som hadde en interesse for åpne lisenser. Nick og Joni utforsket " -"digital fabrikasjon og Mints interesse for åpen lisensiering fikk dem til å " -"tenke på hvordan åpen kildekode verdenen kan samhandle og gjelder fysiske " -"varer. De forsøkte å designe noe for sin klient som var også reproduserbart. " -"Som de sa, besluttet de å \"sende oppskriften, men ikke varer.\" De skapte " -"design som bruker programvare, satt dette under en åpen lisens, og fikk det " +"digital fabrikasjon, og Mints interesse for åpen lisensiering fikk dem til å " +"tenke på hvordan den åpne kildekodeverdenen kan samhandle og gjelde fysiske " +"varer. De forsøkte å designe noe for sin klient som også var reproduserbart. " +"Som de sa, besluttet de å «sende oppskriften, men ikke varer». De skapte " +"design som bruker programvare, satt dette under en åpen lisens, og fikk den " "produsert lokalt nær klienten. Dette var starten på ideen om Opendesk. Ideen " -"til Wikihouse - et annet åpent prosjekt var rettet mot å gjøre bolig " -"tilgjengelig bolig for alle - startet som diskusjoner rundt bordet. De to " -"prosjektene ble til slutt separate linjer, Wikihouse ble ideelt og Opendesk " -"et foretak basert på inntekter." +"til Wikihouse – et annet åpent prosjekt som var rettet mot å gjøre bolig " +"tilgjengelig bolig for alle – startet som diskusjoner rundt bordet. De to " +"prosjektene gikk til slutt separate veier, Wikihouse ble ideelt, og " +"Opendesk et foretak basert på inntekter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -12565,7 +12612,7 @@ msgstr "" "fortsatt langt unna." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6576 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -12578,16 +12625,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Og nå vokser denne sektoren, og Nick og Joni er svært interessert i " "kommersialiseringsaspektene ved den. Som en del av å finne en " -"forretningsmodell, begynte de undersøke immaterielle rettigheter og " +"forretningsmodell, begynte de å undersøke immaterielle rettigheter og " "alternativer for lisensiering. Det var et tornefullt område, spesielt for " "design. Akkurat hvilke deler av et design er det mulig å åndsverkbeskytte? " -"Hva er patenterbart? Hvordan kan å tillate digital deling og distribusjon " -"veies mot designerens ønske om å fortsatt beholde eierskap? Til slutt, de " -"bestemte det var ikke nødvendig å gjenoppfinne hjulet og avgjorde å bruke " -"Creative Commons." +"Hva er patenterbart? Hvordan kan tillatelse for digital deling og " +"distribusjon veies mot designerens ønske om å fortsatt beholde eierskap? Til " +"slutt bestemte de at det ikke var nødvendig å gjenoppfinne hjulet, og " +"avgjorde å bruke Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6587 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -12595,25 +12642,25 @@ msgid "" "their designs were sold. Coming up with a business model was going to be " "complex." msgstr "" -"Når de utformet Opendesk-systemet, hadde de to mål. De ønsket at alle, hvor " -"som helst i verden, skulle kunne laste ned design slik at de kunne brukes " +"Da de utformet Opendesk-systemet, hadde de to mål. De ønsket at alle, hvor " +"som helst i verden, skulle kunne laste ned design slik at det kunne gjøres " "lokalt, og de ønsket en levedyktig modell som var til fordel for designere " "når deres design ble solgt. Det viste seg å være komplekst å kommer opp med " "en forretningsmodell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6594 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " "would have on the business model." msgstr "" -"De mye tankvirksomhjet i tre retninger; potensialet for sosial deling, å " -"tillate designere å velge sin lisens, og effekten disse valgene ville ha på " -"forretningsmodellen." +"De brukte mye tankvirksomhet i tre retninger; potensialet for sosial deling, " +"å tillate designere å velge sin lisens, og effekten disse valgene ville ha " +"på forretningsmodellen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6599 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -12622,18 +12669,18 @@ msgid "" "themselves how open or closed they want to be." msgstr "" "I støtten for sosiale deling, argumenterte Opendesk aktivt for (men krever " -"ikke) åpne lisensiering. Og Nick og Joni er bryr seg ikke om hvilken " +"ikke) åpen lisensiering. Og Nick og Joni er bryr seg ikke om hvilken " "Creative Commons-lisens som brukes. Det er opp til designeren. De kan være " "proprietære eller valgt fra hele pakken med Creative Commons-lisenser, og " "selv bestemme seg for hvor åpen eller lukket de ønsker å være." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6610 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6582 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6607 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -12641,12 +12688,12 @@ msgid "" "profiling the designers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "For det meste elsker designere tanken på å dele innhold. De forstår at du " -"få positive tilbakemeldinger når du er referert til, hva Nick og Joni kalt " -"\"omdømme-glød\". Og Opendesk gjør en fantastisk jobb med å profilere " +"får positive tilbakemeldinger når du er referert til, hva Nick og Joni kalte " +"«omdømme-glød». Og Opendesk gjør en fantastisk jobb med å profilere " "designere.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -12655,11 +12702,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Mens designere i hovedsak synes personlig deling er greit, er det et problem " "at noen tar design og produksjon av møbler i bulk, mens designeren ikke " -"sitter igjen med noen fordeler. Så de fleste Opendesk designere velger " -"Attribution-NonCommercial lisensen (CC BY-NC)." +"sitter igjen med noen fordeler. Så de fleste Opendesk-designere velger " +"Attribution-NonCommercial-lisensen (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6620 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -12671,19 +12718,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Alle kan laste ned et design og lage produktet selv, forutsatt at det ikke " "er for kommersielt bruk, og det har vært mange nedlastinger. Eller brukere " -"kan kjøpe produktet fra Opendesk eller fra en registrert produsent i " -"Opendesks nettverk på forespørsel. Nettverket av Opendesks produsenter " +"kan kjøpe produktet fra Opendesk, eller fra en registrert produsent i " +"Opendesks nettverk, på forespørsel. Nettverket av Opendesks produsenter " "består i dag både av dem som benytter digital fabrikasjon med en datastyrt " -"CNC (Computer Numeric Control)) maskin som lager former av treplater etter " +"CNC-maskin (Computer Numeric Control) som lager former av treplater etter " "spesifikasjonene i designfilen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6637 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -12695,26 +12742,26 @@ msgid "" "\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Produsenter har nytte av å være en del av Opendesks nettverk. Å lage møbler " -"for lokale kunder er betalt arbeid og Opendesk gir virksomhet for dem. Joni " -"sa: \"Å finne et helt nettverk og et fellesskap av produsenter var ganske " +"for lokale kunder er betalt arbeid, og Opendesk gir virksomhet for dem. Joni " +"sa: «Å finne et helt nettverk og et fellesskap av produsenter var ganske " "enkelt fordi vi bygget en hjemmeside hvor folk kan skrive om hva de kan " -"gjøre. Byggingen av fellesskapet og gå fremover har skjedd ved å lære av " -"produsent-fellesskapet.\" Opendesk har nå samarbeid med hundrevis av " -"produsenter i land over hele verden. <placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" -">" +"gjøre. Byggingen av fellesskapet ved å gå fremover har skjedd ved å lære av " +"produsentfellesskapet». Opendesk har nå samarbeid med hundrevis av " +"produsenter i land over hele verden.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " "website:" msgstr "" -"Produsentene er en viktig del av Opendesk forretningsmodell. Modellen ceres " -"bygger på sitater fra produsentene. Hvordan vises på Opendesks nettsted:" +"Produsentene er en viktig del av Opendesks forretningsmodell. Modellen " +"deres bygger på sitater fra produsentene. Her er hvordan det vises på " +"Opendesks nettsted:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6645 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" @@ -12723,51 +12770,51 @@ msgstr "" "betaler de:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6651 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " "charged by the maker)" msgstr "" "Produksjonskostnadene som angitt av produsenten (som dekker materiale og " -"lønnskostnader slik at produktet kan bli produsert og mulige ekstra " +"lønnskostnader slik at produktet kan bli produsert, og mulige ekstra " "monteringskostnader)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6658 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" -"en designavgift til designeren (en designavgift som betales til designer " -"hver gang designen deres brukes)" +"en designavgift til designeren (en designavgift som betales til designeren " +"hver gang designet deres brukes)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6664 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " "marketplace)" msgstr "" -"en prosentsats Opendesk-plattformen (den støtter infrastrukturen og den " -"kontinuerlige utviklingen av plattformen som trengs for å bygge ut " +"en prosentsats avgift til Opendesk-plattformen (den støtter infrastrukturen " +"og den kontinuerlige utviklingen av plattformen som trengs for å bygge ut " "markedsplassen vår)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" "party sellers who can sell Opendesk products through their own channels—this " "covers sales and marketing fees for the relevant channel)" msgstr "" -"en prosentsats til kanalen der salget er gjort (for øyeblikket dette er " +"en prosentsats til kanalen der salget er gjort (for øyeblikket er dette " "Opendesk, men i fremtiden ønsker vi å åpne denne opp for tredjeparts selgere " -"som kan selge Opendesk produkter gjennom egne kanaler. Dette dekker salgs- " -"og markedsførings- avgifter for den kanalen det gjelder)" +"som kan selge Opendesk-produkter gjennom egne kanaler. Dette dekker salgs- " +"og markedsføringsavgifter for den kanalen det gjelder)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" @@ -12777,7 +12824,7 @@ msgstr "" "leveringen)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6687 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -12785,31 +12832,31 @@ msgid "" "options)" msgstr "" "kostnader for eventuelle tilleggstjenester kunden velger, som montering på " -"stedet (tilleggstjenester er skjønnsmessige, i mange tilfelle vil " +"stedet (tilleggstjenester er skjønnsmessige – i mange tilfeller vil " "produsentene gjerne ha med montering på stedet og designere kan tilby " "skreddersydde designvalg)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6696 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6695 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"lokale merverdiavgift (avhengig av hvor kunden og produsenten er) " -"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"lokale merverdiavgifter (avhengig av hvor kunden og produsenten " +"er)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6701 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "De går så i detalj om hvordan produsentens tilbud settes sammen:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -12820,17 +12867,17 @@ msgid "" "sale. Percentage fees are always based on the underlying manufacturing cost " "and are typically apportioned as follows:" msgstr "" -"Når en kunde ønsker å kjøpe en Opendesk får de en et åpent oppsett av " -"avgifter inkludert produksjonskostnadene, designgebyr, Opendesk " -"plattformavgift og kanalavgifter. Hvis en kunde velger for å kjøpe ved å " -"komme i direkte kontakt med en registrert lokale maker som bruker en " -"nedlastet Opendesk-fil, er produsenten ansvarlig for at designgebyret, " -"Opendesks plattformavgift og kanalavgifter er inkludert i alle tilbud på " -"salgstidspunktet. Prosentavgiften er alltid basert på de underliggende " -"produksjonskostnadene, og er vanligvis fordelt som følger:" +"Når en kunde ønsker å kjøpe en Opendesk, får de et åpent oppsett av avgifter " +"inkludert produksjonskostnadene, designgebyr, Opendesk-plattformavgift og " +"kanalavgifter. Hvis en kunde velger å kjøpe ved å komme i direkte kontakt " +"med en registrert lokal produsent som bruker en nedlastet Opendesk-fil, er " +"produsenten ansvarlig for at designgebyret, Opendesks plattformavgift og " +"kanalavgifter er inkludert i alle tilbud på salgstidspunktet. " +"Prosentavgifter er alltid basert på de underliggende produksjonskostnadene, " +"og er vanligvis fordelt som følger:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6717 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" @@ -12840,27 +12887,28 @@ msgstr "" "montering på stedet)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "designavgift: 8 prosent av produksjonskostnadene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6729 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "plattformavgift: 12 prosent av produksjonskostnadene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6734 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "kanalavgift: 18 prosent av produksjonskostnadene" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6739 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" -msgstr "mva: gjeldende (avhenger av produkt og hvor salget skjer)" +msgstr "" +"merverdiavgift (mva.): gjeldende (avhenger av produkt og hvor salget skjer)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -12871,7 +12919,7 @@ msgstr "" "mer generøs, og gir en høyere verdi til designeren." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6750 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -12879,14 +12927,14 @@ msgid "" "countries. I.J. CNC Services is Ian Jinks, a professional maker based in the " "United Kingdom. Opendesk now makes up a large proportion of his business." msgstr "" -"Opendesk nettsted har bakgrunnshistorier om designere og beslutningstakere. " +"Opendesks nettsted har bakgrunnshistorier om designere og beslutningstakere. " "Denis Fuzii publiserte design for Valovi Chair fra sitt studio i São Paulo. " "Hans design er lastet ned over fem tusen ganger i nittifem land. I.J. CNC " -"Services er Ian Jinks, en profesjonell produsent basert i Storbritannia. En " -"stor andel av hans virksomhet kommer fra Opendesk." +"Services er Ian Jinks, en profesjonell produsent med base i Storbritannia. " +"En stor andel av hans virksomhet kommer fra Opendesk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6758 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -12895,16 +12943,16 @@ msgid "" "getting things to market quickly with competitive prices. It also reflects " "their vision of creating reproducible and functional pieces." msgstr "" -"For å administrere ressurser og være effektiv, har Opendesk så langt " -"fokusert på en svært smale nisje - hovedsakelig kontormøbler med en estetikk " -"preget av enkelhet, og som bruker bare én type materiale og en " -"produksjonsteknikk. Dette tillater dem å være mer strategiske og gi mer " +"For å administrere ressurser og forbli effektiv har Opendesk så langt " +"fokusert på en svært smal nisje – hovedsakelig kontormøbler med en estetikk " +"preget av enkelhet, og som bruker bare én type materiale og én " +"produksjonsteknikk. Dette tillater dem å være mer strategiske, og gi mer " "forstyrrelse i markedet ved å få ting i salg raskt med konkurransedyktige " "priser. Det gjenspeiler også deres visjon om å skape reproduserbare og " "funksjonelle produkter ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as “open making”: " "“Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs and " @@ -12912,15 +12960,14 @@ msgid "" "more social, eco-friendly alternative to mass-production and an affordable " "way to buy custom-made products.”" msgstr "" -"På sin hjemmeside, beskriver Opendesk hva de gjør som \"åpen produksjon\": " -"\"Designere får en global distribusjonskanal. Produsenter får lønnsomme " -"jobber og nye kunder. Du får designprodukter uten designerprislappen, et mer " -"sosialt og\n" -"miljøvennlig alternativ til masseproduksjon, og en rimelig måte å kjøpe " -"skreddersydde produkter.\"" +"På sin hjemmeside beskriver Opendesk hva de gjør som «åpen produksjon»: " +"«Designere får en global distribusjonskanal. Produsenter får lønnsomme " +"jobber og nye kunder. Du får designprodukter uten designerprislapp, et mer " +"sosialt og miljøvennlig alternativ til masseproduksjon, og en rimelig måte å " +"kjøpe skreddersydde produkter på»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6775 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -12928,19 +12975,19 @@ msgid "" "community; it’s a great story to tell. It certainly sets apart Opendesk " "furniture from the usual mass-produced items from a store." msgstr "" -"Nick og Joni sier at kunder liker at møblene har et kjent opphav. Folk liker " -"at møbler deres er laget av en viss internasjonal designer, men er laget av " -"en produsent i lokalsamfunnet. Det er en fin historie å fortelle. Den " -"skiller absolutt Opendesk møbler fra vanlige masseproduserte varer fra en " -"butikk." +"Nick og Joni sier at kunder liker det faktum at møblene har et kjent opphav. " +"Folk liker at møblene deres er designet av en viss internasjonal designer, " +"men er laget av en produsent i lokalsamfunnet. Det er en fin historie å " +"fortelle. Den skiller absolutt Opendesks møbler fra vanlige masseproduserte " +"varer fra en butikk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6788 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6783 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the “open making” business model. They’re engaging thought " @@ -12950,16 +12997,16 @@ msgid "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> People can submit ideas and discuss the principles " "and business practices they’d like to see used." msgstr "" -"Nick og Joni har en fellesskap-basert tilnærming til å definere og utvikle " -"Opendesk, og forretningsmodellen for \"åpen produksjon\". De er de " +"Nick og Joni har en fellesskapsbasert tilnærming til å definere og utvikle " +"Opendesk, og forretningsmodellen for «åpen produksjon». De er de " "engasjerende strategene og utøverne som kjennetegner denne nye bevegelsen. " -"De har en egen Open Making nettsted, som omfatter et manifest, et " +"De har et eget Open Making-nettsted, som omfatter et manifest, en " "feltveiledning og en invitasjon til å bli involvert i Open Making-" "fellesskapet.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Folk kan sende inn " "ideer og diskutere prinsipper og forretningspraksis de ønsker å se brukt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6792 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -12969,65 +13016,65 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Nick og Joni snakket mye med oss om åndsverk (Intellectual Property (IP)) og " "kommersialisering. Mange av designerne deres frykter tanken på at noen " -"skulle ta en av deres design-filer og lage og selge et uendelig antall " +"skulle ta en av deres design-filer, og lage og selge et uendelig antall " "møbler med den. Som en konsekvens, velger de fleste Opendesk-designere " "Attribution-NonCommercial lisensen (CC BY-NC)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6800 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" "Opendesk etablerte et sett av prinsipper for hva fellesskapet vurderer som " -"kommersielle og ikke-kommersiell bruk. Deres hjemmeside fastslår:" +"kommersiell og ikke-kommersiell bruk. Deres hjemmeside fastslår:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6804 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "Det er en utvetydig kommersiell bruk når noen:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" -msgstr "krever en avgift eller får en fortjeneste ved å lage en Opendesk" +msgstr "krever en avgift eller får en fortjeneste når man lager en Opendesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6814 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" -msgstr "selger (eller baserer et kommersiell tjeneste på) en Opendesk" +msgstr "selger (eller baserer en kommersiell tjeneste på) en Opendesk" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6794 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6819 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " "compensation. For example, these qualify as noncommercial:" msgstr "" "Det følger av dette at ikke-kommersiell bruk er når du lager et Opendesk-" -"produkt selv, uten å få wn kommersiell fordel eller en økonomisk " +"produkt selv, uten å få en kommersiell fordel eller en økonomisk " "kompensasjon. For eksempel kvalifiserer disse som ikke-kommersielle:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6827 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" -"du er en med sin egen CNC maskin, eller har tilgang til en delt CNC-maskin, " -"og vil ersonlig kutte til og lage noen få møbler selv" +"du er en med din egen CNC-maskin, eller har tilgang til en delt CNC-maskin, " +"og vil personlig kutte til og lage noen få møbler selv" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" "du er en student (eller lærer) og bruker design-filer til pedagogiske formål " -"eller opplæring (og ikke har tenkt å selge de som blir laget)" +"eller opplæring (og har ikke tenkt å selge de som blir laget)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" @@ -13036,7 +13083,7 @@ msgstr "" "digitale verktøyrom, eller i åpne brukerrom" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -13046,17 +13093,17 @@ msgid "" "that works for all stakeholders—designers, channels, manufacturers, and " "customers. For them, the value Opendesk generates hangs off “open,” not IP." msgstr "" -"Hvorvidt eller ikke folk teknisk gjør ting som impliserer IP, har Nick og " -"Joni funnet at folk har en tendens til å etterkomme ønskene til " -"bidragsyterne ut fra en følelse av rettferdighet. De har funnet ut at " -"atferdsøkonomi kan erstatte noen av de vanskelige juridiske spørsmålene. I " -"sin forretningsmodell, prøver Nick og Joni å flytte fokuset på IP og bygge " -"en åpen forretningsmodell som fungerer for alle interessenter - designere, " +"Hvorvidt folk teknisk sett gjør ting som impliserer IP, har Nick og Joni " +"funnet at folk har en tendens til å etterkomme ønskene til bidragsyterne ut " +"fra en følelse av rettferdighet. De har funnet ut at atferdsøkonomi kan " +"erstatte noen av de vanskelige juridiske spørsmålene. I sin " +"forretningsmodell prøver Nick og Joni å flytte fokuset på IP, og bygge en " +"åpen forretningsmodell som fungerer for alle interessenter – designere, " "kanaler, produsenter og forbrukere. For dem ligger verdien Opendesk skaper i " -"\"åpne,\" ikke i IP." +"«åpne», ikke i IP." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6858 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -13067,11 +13114,11 @@ msgstr "" "Oppgaven til Opendesk er å relokalisere produksjonen, noe som endrer måten " "vi tenker på om hvordan varer blir laget. Kommersialisering er integrert i " "formålet deres, og de har startet beregningen av hvor vellykket det er, ved " -"spore hvor mange produsenter og designere som får inntektsgivende arbeid " +"å spore hvor mange produsenter og designere som får inntektsgivende arbeid " "gjennom Opendesk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6840 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6865 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -13079,32 +13126,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Som en global plattform for å produsere lokalt, har Opendesks " "forretningsmodell vært bygd på ærlighet, åpenhet og inkludering. Som Nick og " -"Joni beskriver det, legger de ut ideer som får trekkraft, - og deretter " +"Joni beskriver det, legger de ut ideer som får trekkraft - og deretter " "stoler de på folk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6872 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "OpenStax" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6875 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " "Founded in 2012 in the U.S." msgstr "" "OpenStax er en ideell organisasjon som gir gratis, åpent lisensierte " -"lærebøker for innledende college kurs med mange innregistrerte, og Advanced " +"lærebøker for innledende collegekurs med mange innregistrerte, og Advanced " "Placement-kurs. Grunnlagt i 2012 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6855 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6880 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6857 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6882 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" @@ -13114,13 +13161,13 @@ msgstr "" "fysiske kopier (læreboksalg)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6886 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" -"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 16 desember 2015" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 16. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6864 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6889 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" @@ -13128,7 +13175,7 @@ msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\"> Intervjuet</emphasis>: David Harris, sjefsredaktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6872 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6897 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -13143,15 +13190,15 @@ msgstr "" "OpenStax er en utvidelse av et program kalt Connexions, som ble startet i " "1999 av dr. Richard Baraniuk, Victor E. Cameron, professor i elektonikk og " "datavitenskap ved Rice University i Houston, Texas. Frustrert av " -"begrensningene til tradisjonelle lærebøker og kurs, ønsker dr. Baraniuk å gi " +"begrensningene til tradisjonelle lærebøker og kurs, ønsket dr. Baraniuk å gi " "forfattere og elever en måte å dele og fritt tilpasse pedagogisk materiell " -"så som kurs, bøker og rapporter. I dag Connexions (nå kalt OpenStax CNX) er " -"en av verdens beste biblioteker med tilpassbare læremidler, alle lisensiert " -"med Creative Commons og tilgjengelig til alle, hvor som helst, når som helst " -"- gratis." +"så som kurs, bøker og rapporter. I dag er Connexions (nå kalt OpenStax CNX) " +"et av verdens beste biblioteker med tilpassbare læremidler, alle lisensiert " +"med Creative Commons og tilgjengelig for alle, hvor som helst, når som helst " +"– gratis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -13164,15 +13211,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "I 2008, i en topplederrolle på WebAssign mens han så på måter å redusere " "risikoen som fulgte med å stole på utgivere, begynte David Harris å " -"undersøke åpne pedagogiske ressurser (OER) og oppdaget Connexions. Et og et " -"halvt år senere mottok Connexions mottatt en donasjon for å øke bruken av " -"OER slik at det kan oppfylle behovene til elever som ikke hadde råd " -"lærebøker. David gikk ombord for på være å spydspiss i dette arbeidet. " -"Connexions ble OpenStax CNX; Oppgaven å lage åpne lærebøker ble OpenStax " -"College, nå ganske enkelt kalt OpenStax." +"undersøke åpne pedagogiske ressurser (OER), og oppdaget Connexions. Et og et " +"halvt år senere mottok Connexions en donasjon for å øke bruken av OER slik " +"at den kunne oppfylle behovene til elever som ikke hadde råd til lærebøker. " +"David gikk om bord for på være spydspiss i dette arbeidet. Connexions ble " +"OpenStax CNX; oppgaven å lage åpne lærebøker ble OpenStax College, nå ganske " +"enkelt kalt OpenStax." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6920 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -13185,17 +13232,17 @@ msgid "" "adoptions by faculty and students." msgstr "" "David hadde med seg en dyp forståelse av den beste praksisen for å " -"publisere, sammen med hvor utgivere var ineffektivit. Etter Davids syn er " +"publisere, sammen med hvor utgivere var ineffektive. Etter Davids syn er " "fagfellevurdering og høye standarder for kvalitet, kritisk viktig om du " "enkelt vil skalere. Bøkene må ha en logisk innretning og rekkefølge, de må " "eksistere som en helhet og ikke som stykker, og de må være lett å finne. " -"Arbeidsgruppe-hypotesen for lanseringen av OpenStax var å produsere en " +"Arbeidsgruppehypotesen for lanseringen av OpenStax var å produsere en " "nøkkelferdig lærebok profesjonelt, ved å investere i innsats først, med en " "forventning om at dette ville føre til rask vekst gjennom enkel nedstrøms " "tilpasninger av fakulteter og studenter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6938 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" @@ -13204,7 +13251,7 @@ msgstr "" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6932 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -13215,17 +13262,17 @@ msgid "" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Professionally produced content scales rapidly. All " "with no sales force!" msgstr "" -"I 2012 ble OpenStax College lansert som en ideelt foretak med mål å " +"I 2012 ble OpenStax College lansert som et ideelt foretak med mål å " "produsere høy kvalitets, fagfellevurderte fullfarge lærebøker som skulle " "være tilgjengelig gratis for de ti mest benyttede collegekursene i landet. I " -"dag nærmer de seg raskt nærmer seg dette antallet. Det finnes data som " -"beviser suksessen til deres opprinnelige ansalg for hvor mange studenter de " -"kunne hjelpe, og hvor mye penger de kan hjelpe til med å få spart. " -"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Profesjonelt produsert innhold " -"skalerer raskt. Uten noen som sto for salget!" +"dag nærmer det seg raskt dette antallet. Det finnes data som beviser " +"suksessen til deres opprinnelige anslag for hvor mange studenter de kunne " +"hjelpe, og hvor mye penger de kunne hjelpe til med å få spart.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Profesjonelt produsert innhold skalerer raskt. " +"Alt uten at noen sto for salget!" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6942 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -13236,14 +13283,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "OpenStax lærebøker er alle Attribution (CC BY)-lisensiert, og hver lærebok " "er tilgjengelig som PDF, e-bok, eller som websider. De som ønsker en fysisk " -"kopi kan kjøpe en til en overkommmelig pris. Gitt kostnaden for for " -"utdanning og studentbelåningen i Nord-Amerika, er lærebøker som gratis eller " -"svært rimelige svært attraktivt. OpenStax oppfordrer studenter til å snakke " -"med sine professor og bibliotekarer om disse lærebøker og argumentere for at " +"kopi, kan kjøpe en til en overkommmelig pris. Gitt kostnaden for utdanning " +"og studentbelåningen i Nord-Amerika, er lærebøker som er gratis eller meget " +"rimelige svært attraktivt. OpenStax oppfordrer studenter til å snakke med " +"sine professorer og bibliotekarer om disse lærebøker, og argumentere for at " "de blir brukt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6951 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -13251,34 +13298,34 @@ msgid "" "unlimited access. And with the CC BY license, teachers are free to delete " "chapters, make changes, and customize any book to fit their needs." msgstr "" -"Lærere inviteres til å prøve ut ett enkelt kapittel fra en av lærebøker med " +"Lærere inviteres til å prøve ut ett enkelt kapittel fra en av lærebøkene med " "studentene. Hvis det går bra, blir de oppfordret til å ta i bruk hele boken. " -"De kan bare lime inn en URL-adresse i deres kurspensumet for fri og " +"De kan bare lime inn en URL-adresse i deres kurspensum, for fri og " "ubegrenset tilgang. Med kopi av CC BY-lisensen, står lærerne fritt til å " "sløyfe kapitler, lage endringer, og tilpasse hvilken som helst bok til deres " "behov." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6934 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6959 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " "material to accompany a textbook, OpenStax also provides slide " "presentations, test banks, answer keys, and so on." msgstr "" -"Noen lærere kan poste korrigeringer, foreslå eksempler på vanskelige " -"begreper eller bli frivillig som redaktør eller forfatter. Mange lærere vil " -"også supplerende materiale som kan følge med en lærebok. OpenStax også " -"lysarkpresentasjoner, samlinger av tester, nøkler til svar, og så videre \n" -",og så videre." +"Enhver lærer kan legge inn korrigeringer, foreslå eksempler på vanskelige " +"begreper, eller bli frivillig som redaktør eller forfatter. Mange lærere vil " +"også ønske supplerende materiale som kan følge med en lærebok. OpenStax gir " +"også lysarkpresentasjoner, samlinger av tester, nøkler til svar, og så " +"videre ." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6970 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6966 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -13287,26 +13334,27 @@ msgid "" "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "Institusjoner kan fremheves ved å tilby studentene en rimeligere utdanning " -"gjennom bruk av OpenStax lærebøker; Det er enda en lærebok-sparekalkulator " -"som de kan bruke til å se hvor mye elevene ville spare. OpenStax holder en " -"løpende liste over institusjoner som har tatt sine lærebøker. <placeholder " -"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"gjennom bruk av OpenStax lærebøker: Det er til og med en lærebok-" +"sparekalkulator som de kan bruke for å se hvor mye elevene ville spare. " +"OpenStax holder en løpende liste over institusjoner som har tatt i bruk sine " +"lærebøker.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6973 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " "adopted a model that embraces open licensing and relies on an extensive " "network of partners." msgstr "" -"I motsetning til tradisjonelle utgivernes monolittiske tilnærming med å " +"I motsetning til tradisjonelle utgiveres monolittiske tilnærming med å " "kontrollere immateriell eiendomsrett, distribusjon, og så mange andre " -"aspekter, har OpenStax tatt i bruk en modell med åpen lisensiering og et " -"omfattende nettverk av samarbeidspartnere." +"aspekter, har OpenStax tatt i bruk en modell med åpen lisensiering, og " +"stoler på et omfattende nettverk av samarbeidspartnere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 +#, fuzzy msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -13317,17 +13365,17 @@ msgid "" "supporting technology is probably still going to require philanthropic " "investment." msgstr "" -"Up-front finansiering av en profesjonelt produserte alle farger " -"nøkkelferdige lærebok er dyrt. For denne delen av deres modell avhengig " -"OpenStax av filantropi. De har utgangspunktet vært finansiert av Vilhelm og " -"Flora Hewlett Foundation, av Laura og John Arnold Foundation, Bill og " -"Melinda Gates Foundation, de 20 Million sinn Foundation, Maxfield " -"grunnlaget, Calvin K. Kazanjian Foundation og ris Universitetet. Å utvikle " -"flere titler og støttende teknologi er trolig fortsatt kommer til å kreve " +"Up-front finansiering (forhåndsfinansiering) av en profesjonelt produsert " +"nøkkelferdig fullfarge lærebok er dyrt. For denne delen av modellen er " +"OpenStax avhengig av filantropi. De har i utgangspunktet vært finansiert av " +"Vilhelm og Flora Hewlett Foundation, av Laura og John Arnold Foundation, " +"Bill og Melinda Gates Foundation, de 20 Million Minds Foundation, Maxfield " +"Foundation, Calvin K. Kazanjian Foundation og Rice University. Å utvikle " +"flere titler og støttende teknologi vil trolig fortsatt komme til å kreve " "filantropisk investering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -13337,17 +13385,17 @@ msgid "" "physics problems, with problem-specific feedback, detailed solutions, and " "tutorial support. WebAssign resources are available to students for a fee." msgstr "" -"Men pågående arbeid vil ikke lene seg på donasjoner operasjoner, men i " -"stedet på inntekter via et økosystem av over 40 partnere, der en partner kan " -"tar kjerneinnhold fra OpenStax og legger til funksjoner som den kan skape " +"Men pågående arbeid vil ikke lene seg på donasjoner, men i stedet på " +"inntekter via et økosystem av over 40 partnere, der en partner kan tar " +"kjerneinnhold fra OpenStax, og legger til funksjoner som den kan skape " "inntekter fra. For eksempel tar WebAssign, et online lekse- og " "vurderingverktøy, den fysiske boken og legger til algoritmegenererte " -"fysikkproblemer med problemet-spesifikke tilbakemeldinger, detaljerte " -"løsninger og opplæringstøtte. Mot et gebyr er WebAssigns ressurser er " -"tilgjengelige for studenter." +"fysikkproblemer med problemspesifikke tilbakemeldinger, detaljerte løsninger " +"og opplæringstøtte. Mot et gebyr er WebAssigns ressurser tilgjengelige for " +"studenter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7000 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -13357,8 +13405,8 @@ msgid "" "published revisions of their titles, such as Introduction to Sociology 2e, " "using these funds." msgstr "" -"Et annet eksempel er Odigia, som har endret OpenStax bøker til interaktive " -"læringserfaringer og laget flere verktøy for å måle og fremme " +"Et annet eksempel er Odigia, som har endret OpenStax-bøker til interaktive " +"læringserfaringer, og laget flere verktøy for å måle og fremme " "studentengasjement. Odigia lisensierer sin læringsplattform til " "institusjoner. Partnere som Odigia og WebAssign gir en prosentandel av " "inntektene de tjener tilbake til OpenStax, som avgifter til å støtte Odigas " @@ -13366,7 +13414,7 @@ msgstr "" "Introduction to Sociology 2e, der disse midlene er brukt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6985 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -13377,18 +13425,19 @@ msgid "" "through free publicity and marketing. OpenStax doesn’t have a sales force; " "partners are out there showcasing their materials." msgstr "" -"-etter Davids syn tillater denne tilnærmingen at markedet kan operere med " -"topp effektivitet. Openstaxs partnere trenger ikke å bekymre deg for å " +"Etter Davids syn tillater denne tilnærmingen at markedet kan operere med " +"topp effektivitet. Openstaxs partnere trenger ikke å bekymre seg for å " "utvikle lærebokinnhold, for de frigjøres fra disse utviklingskostnadene ved " -"å la dem fokusere på hva de gjør best. Med OpenStax lærebøker gratis " -"tilgjengelig, kan de tilby sine tjenester til lavere kostnad - ikke gratis, " +"å la dem fokusere på hva de gjør best. Med OpenStax-lærebøker gratis " +"tilgjengelig, kan de tilby sine tjenester til lavere kostnad – ikke gratis, " "men sparer fortsatt studentene for utgifter. OpenStax har ikke bare fordeler " -"bare ved å motta avgifter til støtte for sitt formål, men også ved gratis " +"ved å motta avgifter til støtte for sitt formål, men også ved gratis " "publisitet og markedsføring. OpenStax har ingen salgsorganisasjon; partnerne " "er der ute med sitt materiale som et utstillingsvindu." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7022 +#, fuzzy msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -13396,14 +13445,15 @@ msgid "" "like OpenStax in comparison with incumbents. David looks forward to sharing " "these findings with the community." msgstr "" -"Openstaxs kostnad for å verve en enkelt student er veldig lav og er en " +"Openstaxs kostnad for å verve en enkelt student er veldig lav, og er en " "brøkdel av hva tradisjonelle aktører i markedet møter. I år er Tyton " "Partners faktisk i gang med å vurdere kostnadene for salg av OER-er som " "OpenStax med partnere. David ser frem til å dele disse funnene med " "fellesskapet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7005 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030 +#, fuzzy msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -13414,15 +13464,15 @@ msgid "" "each book sold, which also contributes to ongoing operations." msgstr "" "Mens OpenStax-bøker er tilgjengelig på nettet gratis, vil mange studenter " -"fortsatt ønske en trykket utgave. Gjennom et partnerskap med en trykke- og " -"kurerselskap tilbyr OpenStax en komplett løsning som skalerer. OpenStax " -"selger titusenvis av bøker. En OpenStax lærebok i sosiologikoster rundt " +"fortsatt ønske en trykt utgave. Gjennom et partnerskap med et trykke- og " +"kurerselskap, tilbyr OpenStax en komplett løsning som skalerer. OpenStax " +"selger titusenvis av bøker. En OpenStax-lærebok i sosiologi koster rundt " "tjueåtte dollar, en brøkdel av hva sosiologilærebøker vanligvis koster. " "OpenStax holder prisene lave, men har som mål å ha en liten margin på hver " -"solgte solgt, som også bidrar til den pågående virksomheten." +"solgte bok, som også bidrar til den løpende driften." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7040 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -13435,18 +13485,18 @@ msgid "" "is working well, since the sell-through of their print titles is virtually a " "hundred percent." msgstr "" -"Campus-baserte bokhandlere er del av det OpenStax løsningen. OpenStax " -"samarbeider med NACSCORP (National Association of College Stores " -"Corporation) om å gi ut versjoner av sine lærebøker til butikkene. Mens " -"totalkostnadene for læreboka er betydelig mindre enn en tradisjonell " -"lærebok, kan bokhandlere fortsatt få en fortjeneste på salg. Noen ganger " -"bruker studenter det de sparer på en rimeligere bok til å kjøpe andre ting i " -"bokhandelen. Og OpenStax prøver å bryte dyre virkemåten med et overdrevent " -"omfang av retur - ved å ha en ingen-retur politikk. Dette fungerer bra, " -"siden de trykte titlene deres tydeligvis selger ut nesten hundre prosent." +"Campusbaserte bokhandlere er del av OpenStax-løsningen. OpenStax samarbeider " +"med NACSCORP (National Association of College Stores Corporation) om å gi ut " +"versjoner av sine lærebøker til butikkene. Mens totalkostnadene for læreboka " +"er betydelig mindre enn en tradisjonell lærebok, kan bokhandlere fortsatt få " +"en fortjeneste på salg. Noen ganger bruker studenter det de sparer på en " +"rimeligere bok til å kjøpe andre ting i bokhandelen. Og OpenStax prøver å " +"bryte den dyre måten det er å ha et overdrevent omfang av returer - ved å ha " +"en ingen-retur politikk. Dette fungerer bra, siden de trykte titlene deres " +"tydeligvis selger ut nesten hundre prosent." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7053 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0? " "Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally funded " @@ -13455,14 +13505,14 @@ msgid "" "It’s therefore difficult to show payback over a time scale that is " "reasonable." msgstr "" -"David tenker på OpenStax modellen som \"OER 2.0.\" Så hva er OER 1.0? Ser en " -"historisk på OER, er mange OER initiativ lokalt finansiert av institusjoner " +"David tenker på OpenStax-modellen som «OER 2.0». Så hva er OER 1.0? Ser en " +"historisk på OER, er mange OER-initiativ lokalt finansiert av institusjoner " "eller departementer. Etter Davids syn resulterer dette i innhold som har høy " -"lokal verdi, men vedtas sjelden nasjonalt. Det er derfor over tid vanskelig " -"å kunne vise en rimelig tilbakebetaling." +"lokal verdi, men vedtas sjelden nasjonalt. Det er dermed vanskelig å kunne " +"vise at investeringen betaler seg i løpet av rimelig tid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7036 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7061 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -13476,16 +13526,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "OER 2.0 handler om OER skal blir brukt og vedtatt på nasjonalt nivå helt fra " "starten. Dette krever en større investering i forkant, men lønner seg " -"gjennom bredere geografisk spredning. OER 2.0 prosessen for OpenStax " -"omfatter to utviklingsmodeller. Først er hva David Caller anskaffelsen av " +"gjennom bredere geografisk spredning. OER 2.0-prosessen for OpenStax " +"omfatter to utviklingsmodeller. Først er hva David kaller anskaffelsen av " "modellen, der OpenStax kjøper rettigheter fra utgiver eller forfatter for en " -"allerede publisert bok og og med foretar en bred revisjon av den. OpenStax " -"fysikk-lærebok, for eksempel, ble lisensiert fra forfatter etter at " -"utgiveren ga tilbake rettighetene til forfatterne. Den andre modellen er å " -"utvikle en bok fra bunnen av, et godt eksempel er deres biologibok." +"allerede publisert bok, og foretar en bred revisjon av den. OpenStax fysikk-" +"lærebok, for eksempel, ble lisensiert fra forfatter etter at utgiveren ga " +"tilbake rettighetene til forfatterne. Den andre modellen er å utvikle en " +"bok fra bunnen av, et godt eksempel er deres biologibok." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7074 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -13502,23 +13552,23 @@ msgid "" "it goes into production and through a final proofread. The whole process is " "very time-consuming." msgstr "" -"Prosessen likner for begge modeller. Først ser de på omfanget og sekvensen " -"til eksisterende lærebøker. De spør som hva trenger kunden? Hvor har " -"studenter utfordringer? Så identifiserer de potensielle forfattere, og har " -"en grundig evaluering, bare én av ti forfattere slipper igjennom. OpenStax " -"setter sammen et team av forfattere som kommer sammen for å utvikle en mal " -"for et kapittel og sammen skrive det første utkastet (eller reviderer det, i " -"oppkjøpsmodellen). (OpenStax lager ikke bøker med bare en enkelt forfatter, " -"ettersom David sier risikerer en da at prosjektet går lenger enn planlagt.) " -"Utkastet er fagfellevurdert med ikke mindre enn tre vurderinger av hvert " -"kapittel. Et utkast nummer to blir laget, med kunstnere som lager " -"illustrasjoner og bilder sammen med teksten. Boken blir er deretter redigert " -"jfor å sikre at den er grammatisk korrekt og med samme stemme. Til slutt går " -"den i produksjon og gjennom en endelig korrekturlesing. Hele prosessen er " -"svært tidkrevende." +"Prosessen er lik for begge modeller. Først ser de på omfanget og sekvensen " +"til eksisterende lærebøker. De stiller spørsmål som hva kunden trenger? Hvor " +"har studenter utfordringer? Så identifiserer de potensielle forfattere, og " +"har en grundig evaluering, bare én av ti forfattere slipper gjennom. " +"OpenStax setter sammen et team av forfattere som kommer sammen for å utvikle " +"en mal for et kapittel, og sammen skrive det første utkastet (eller " +"reviderer det, i oppkjøpsmodellen). (OpenStax lager ikke bøker med bare en " +"enkelt forfatter, ettersom David sier at en da risikerer at prosjektet går " +"lenger enn planlagt.) Utkastet er fagfellevurdert med ikke mindre enn tre " +"vurderinger av hvert kapittel. Et utkast nummer to blir laget, med kunstnere " +"som lager illustrasjoner og bilder sammen med teksten. Boken blir deretter " +"redigert for å sikre at den er grammatisk korrekt og med samme stemme. Til " +"slutt går den i produksjon og gjennom en endelig korrekturlesing. Hele " +"prosessen er svært tidkrevende." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7092 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -13534,11 +13584,11 @@ msgstr "" "bestselgende forfatter kan tjene mer penger med den tradisjonelle " "publiseringsmodellen, men det gjelder kanskje bare 5 prosent av alle " "forfattere. Fra Davids perspektiv, tjener 95 prosent av alle forfattere " -"bedre med OER 2.0-modellen, da det ikke noen risiko for dem da pengene er " -"forhåndsbetalt." +"bedre med OER 2.0-modellen, da det ikke er noen risiko for dem da pengene " +"er forhåndsbetalt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7077 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7102 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation license.” " "It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their textbooks in " @@ -13547,15 +13597,15 @@ msgid "" "OpenStax sees a lot of customization of their materials. By enabling " "frictionless remixing, CC BY gives teachers control and academic freedom." msgstr "" -"David tenker på Attribution licensen (CC BY) som \"innovasjonslisensen\". De " -"er sentralt for formålet med OpenStax, å la folk bruke lærebøkene deres i på " +"David tenker på Attribution-lisensen (CC BY) som «innovasjonslisensen». Den " +"er sentral for formålet med OpenStax, å la folk bruke lærebøkene deres på " "innovative måter uten å måtte spørre om tillatelse. Det frigjør hele " -"markedet har vært sentralt for at OpenStax skulle kunne få partnerne. " -"Materialet til OpenStax tilpasses mye. Ved å åpne for farksjonsfri remiksing " +"markedet, og har vært sentral for at OpenStax skulle kunne få partnere. " +"Materialet til OpenStax tilpasses mye. Ved å åpne for friksjonsfri remiksing " "gir CC lærere kontroll og akademisk frihet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7086 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7111 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -13565,71 +13615,73 @@ msgid "" "and shared over and over again. CC BY changes the rules of engagement and " "takes advantage of traditional market inefficiencies." msgstr "" -"Å bruke CC av er også et godt eksempel på strategier som tradisjonelle " -"utgivere ikke kan bruke. Tradisjonelle utgivere må stole på opphavsretten " -"for å hindre kopiering og investere tungt i å følge opp digitale rettigheter " -"for å sikre sine bøker ikke blir delt. Ved hjelp av CC BY, unngår OpenStax " -"måtte håndtere digitale rettigheter og medfølgende kostnader. OpenStax-bøker " -"kan kopieres og deles igjen og igjen. CC BY endrer betingelsene og utnytter " -"ineffektiviteten i det tradisjonelle markedet." +"Å bruke CC er også et godt eksempel på strategier som tradisjonelle utgivere " +"ikke kan bruke. Tradisjonelle utgivere må stole på opphavsretten for å " +"hindre kopiering, og investere tungt i å følge opp digitale rettigheter for " +"å sikre at bøkene deres ikke blir delt. Ved hjelp av CC BY unngår OpenStax " +"å måtte håndtere digitale rettigheter og medfølgende kostnader. OpenStax-" +"bøker kan kopieres og deles igjen og igjen. CC BY endrer betingelsene og " +"utnytter ineffektiviteten i det tradisjonelle markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7121 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" -"Per 16. september 2016, kan OpenStax vise endel imponerende resultater. Her " -"fra OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet i den seneste presse-informasjonen:" +"Pr. 16. september 2016 kan OpenStax vise endel imponerende resultater. Her " +"fra OpenStax-faktablad (OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet) i den seneste " +"presseinformasjonen:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7128 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "Bøker publisert: 23" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7133 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "Studenter som har brukt OpenStax: 1,6 millioner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7138 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "Penger spart for studenter: 155 millioner dollar" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7143 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "Penger spart for studenter i studieåret 2016/17: 77 millioner dollar" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " "are two-year colleges, 835 four-year colleges and universities, and 344 " "colleges and universities outside the U.S.)" msgstr "" -"Skoler som har brukt OpenStax: 2,668 (dette tallet viser alle institusjoner " -"som bruker minst én OpenStax lærebok. Av 2,668 skoler er 517 to-årig " -"høgskoler, 835 fire års høgskoler og universiteter, og 344 høyskoler og " +"Skoler som har brukt OpenStax: 2 668 (dette tallet viser alle institusjoner " +"som bruker minst én OpenStax lærebok. Av 2 668 skoler er 517 toårige " +"høgskoler, 835 fireårige høgskoler og universiteter, og 344 høyskoler og " "universiteter utenfor USA)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7133 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7158 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " "math (STEM) fields. Large scale adoption in the United States is seen as a " "necessary precursor to international interest." msgstr "" -"Mens OpenStax har hittil vært fokusert på USA, skjer den utenlandske " -"spendingen spesielt på feltene innen vitenskap, teknologi, ingeniørfag og " -"matematikk (STEM). Storskala spredning i USA sees på som en nødvendig " -"forutsetning for internasjonal interesse." +"Mens OpenStax hittil har vært fokusert på USA, skjer den utenlandske " +"innføringen spesielt på feltene innen vitenskap, teknologi, ingeniørfag og " +"matematikk (STEM (Science, technology, engineering, and mathematics)). " +"Storskala spredning i USA sees på som en nødvendig forutsetning for " +"internasjonal interesse." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7165 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -13637,14 +13689,14 @@ msgid "" "terrific if OpenStax could provide access to free textbooks through the " "entire curriculum of a nursing degree, for example." msgstr "" -"OpenStax har primært fokusert på innledende college kurs hvor det er mange " -"registrerte, men de begynner å tenke vertikalt - på et bredt tilbud for en " -"bestemt gruppe eller et bestemt behov. David synes det ville være veldig bra " -"hvis OpenStax kan gi tilgang til gratis lærebøker gjennom hele pensumet, for " -"eksempel for en sykepleierutdanning." +"OpenStax har primært fokusert på innledende høyskolekurs (college courses) " +"hvor det er mange registrerte, men de begynner å tenke vertikalt – på et " +"bredt tilbud for en bestemt gruppe, eller et bestemt behov. David synes det " +"ville være veldig bra hvis OpenStax kunne gi tilgang til gratis lærebøker " +"gjennom hele pensumet, for eksempel for en sykepleierutdanning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7173 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -13655,33 +13707,33 @@ msgid "" "an open business model based on Creative Commons, OpenStax is making it " "possible for every student who wants access to education to get it." msgstr "" -"Til slutt, for OpenStax suksess er ikke bare om spreding av lærebøker og " -"besparelser for studentene. Det er et menneskelig aspekt ved arbeidet, som " -"det er vanskelig å kvantifisere, men er utrolig viktig. De får e-" +"Til slutt, for OpenStax-suksess handler ikke bare om spredning av lærebøker " +"og besparelser for studentene. Det er et menneskelig aspekt ved arbeidet, " +"som det er vanskelig å kvantifisere, men er utrolig viktig. De får e-" "postmeldinger fra studenter om hvordan OpenStax reddet dem fra vanskelige " "valg som å kjøpe mat eller en lærebok. OpenStax ønsker også å vurdere " -"effekten bøker deres har på læringseffektiviteten, utholdenheten og " +"effekten bøkene deres har på læringseffektiviteten, utholdenheten og " "fullførelsen. Ved å bygge på en åpen forretningsmodell basert på Creative " "Commons, gjør OpenStax det mulig for alle studenter som ønsker å skaffe seg " "en utdanning å kunne få den." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "Amanda Palmer" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7189 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "Amanda Palmer er en musiker, kunstner og skribent. Basert i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7193 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7195 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -13692,13 +13744,13 @@ msgstr "" "(abonnementsbasert), betaling for fysiske kopier, varesalg" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7200 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" -"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 15 desember 2015" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 15. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7185 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -13709,32 +13761,32 @@ msgstr "" "swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7208 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new ways to " "sustain her creative work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"Siden starten på sin karriere, har Amanda Palmer vært på det hun kaller en «" -"reise med ingen veikart, \"kontinuerlig eksperimentet med å finne nye måter " -"å opprettholde sin skapende arbeid på.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"" -"/>" +"Siden starten på sin karriere, har Amanda Palmer vært på det hun kaller en " +"«reise uten noe veikart», kontinuerlig eksperimenterende med å finne nye " +"måter å opprettholde sitt skapende arbeid på.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " +"id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7213 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . . . in " "which the artist can share freely and directly feel the reverberations of " "their artistic gifts to the community, and make a living doing that.”" msgstr "" -"I sin bestselgerbok, \"The Art of Asking\", formulerer Amanda nøyaktig hva " -"hun har vært og hva hun fortsetter å strebe etter, - \"det ideelle " -"punktet ... der kunstneren fritt kan dele og direkte føler etterklangen av " -"sine kunstneriske gaver til samfunnet, og leve av det.\"" +"I sin bestselgerbok, «The Art of Asking», formulerer Amanda nøyaktig hva hun " +"har vært, og hva hun fortsetter å strebe etter – «det ideelle punktet ... " +"der kunstneren fritt kan dele, og direkte føle etterklangen av sine " +"kunstneriske gaver til samfunnet, og leve av det»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7220 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -13746,12 +13798,12 @@ msgstr "" "Mens hun for egen del synes å ha funnet dette vellykkede stedet, er Amanda " "den første til å erkjenne at det ikke er noen snarvei. Hun mener den " "digitale tidsalderen både er en spennende og frustrerende tid for skaperen. " -"\"På den ene side, har vi denne vakre delingen,\" sa Amanda. \"På den andre " -"siden, har du en haug med forvirrede kunstnere som lurer på hvordan man " -"tjener penger til å kjøpe mat så vi kan lage mer kunst.\"" +"«På den ene side har vi denne vakre delingen», sa Amanda. «På den andre " +"siden har du en haug med forvirrede kunstnere som lurer på hvordan man " +"tjener penger til å kjøpe mat så vi kan lage mer kunst»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7204 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -13766,18 +13818,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Amanda begynte sin kunstneriske karriere som en gateartist. Hun kunne kle " "seg i en antikk brudekjole, male ansiktet hvitt, stå på en stabel med " -"melkekasser og levere ut blomster til fremmede som en del av en taus, " -"dramatisk, opptreden. Hun samlet inn penger i en lue. Fleste gikk forbi " -"henne uten å stoppe, men en noen viktige få stoppet for å se og legge noen " -"penger i lua for å vise sin takknemlighet. I stedet for dvele ved de fleste " -"menneskene som ignorerte henne, følte hun takknemlig for dem som stoppet. " -"\"Alt jeg trengte var... noen mennesker,\" skrev hun i sin bok. «Nok folk. " -"Nok til å gjøre det verdt komme tilbake neste dag, nok folk til å hjelpe meg " -"til å betale husleia og sette mat på bordet. Nok så jeg kunne fortsette å " -"gjøre kunst.\"" +"melkekasser, og levere ut blomster til fremmede som en del av en taus, " +"dramatisk, opptreden. Hun samlet inn penger i en lue. De fleste gikk forbi " +"henne uten å stoppe, men noen få viktige stoppet for å se og legge noen " +"penger i lua for å vise sin takknemlighet. I stedet for å dvele ved de " +"fleste menneskene som ignorerte henne, følte hun takknemlighet for dem som " +"stoppet. «Alt jeg trengte var ... noen mennesker», skrev hun i sin bok. «Nok " +"folk. Nok til å gjøre det verdt å komme tilbake neste dag, nok folk til å " +"hjelpe meg til å betale husleia og sette mat på bordet. Nok så jeg kunne " +"fortsette å lage kunst»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7243 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach “her crowd” " @@ -13787,17 +13839,17 @@ msgid "" "no interest in Amanda’s view of success. They wanted hits, but making music " "for the masses was never what Amanda and the Dresden Dolls set out to do." msgstr "" -"Amanda har kommet langt fra etter sine gateartistdager, men karrieren hennes " -"dominseres fortsatt av den samme følelsen, å finne måter å nå \"sitt " -"publikum i mengden\" og føle takknemlighet når hun gjør det. Med hennes " -"band, Dresden Dolls, prøvde Amanda den tradisjonelle veien med å signere med " -"et plateselskap. Det virket ikke av en rekke årsaker, men en av dem var at " +"Amanda har kommet langt siden dagene som gateartist, men karrieren hennes " +"domineres fortsatt av den samme følelsen, å finne måter å nå «sitt publikum " +"i mengden», og føle takknemlighet når hun gjør det. Med hennes band, Dresden " +"Dolls, prøvde Amanda den tradisjonelle veien for å signere med et " +"plateselskap. Det virket ikke, av en rekke årsaker, men en av dem var at " "selskapet hadde absolutt ingen interesse for Amandas syn på suksess. De " "ønsket slagere, men å lage musikk for massene var aldri hva Amanda og " "Dresden Dolls var ment å skulle gjøre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7254 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -13809,16 +13861,17 @@ msgid "" "remains one of the most successful Kickstarter projects of all time." msgstr "" "Etter at hun forlot plateselskapet i 2008, begynte hun å eksperimentere med " -"ulike måter å leve på. Hun ga ut musikk direkte til publikum uten involverer " -"en mellommann, la ut digitale filer på \"betal hva du vil\"-basis og solgte " -"CDer og vinyl. Hun gjorde også penger på live-opptredener og varesalg. Til " -"slutt, i 2012 besluttet hun å prøve seg på en slags folkefinansiering som vi " -"alle vet så godt hva er i dag. Hennes Kickstarter-prosjektet startet med et " -"mål på $ 100 000, og hun fikk inn $1,2 millioner. Det er fortsatt et av de " -"mest vellykkede Kickstarter-prosjektene gjennom tidene." +"ulike måter å leve på. Hun ga ut musikk direkte til publikum uten å " +"involvere en mellommann, la ut digitale filer på «betal hva du vil»-basis, " +"og solgte CD-er og vinyl. Hun gjorde også penger på live-opptredener og " +"varesalg. Til slutt, i 2012 besluttet hun å prøve seg på en slags " +"folkefinansiering som vi alle vet så godt hva er i dag. Hennes Kickstarter-" +"prosjekt startet med et mål på 100 000 dollar, og hun fikk inn 1,2 millioner " +"dollar. Det er fortsatt et av de mest vellykkede Kickstarter-prosjektene " +"gjennom tidene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7241 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7266 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -13829,17 +13882,17 @@ msgid "" "thing” basis. All of the content she makes is made freely available under an " "Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" -"I dag, har Amanda byttet fra folkefinansiering til spesifikke prosjekter, " -"men får stedet får jevn økonomisk støtte fra sin fan base på Patreon, et " -"nettsted for folkefinansiering som lar artister å få regelmessige donasjoner " -"fra fans. Mer enn åtte tusen mennesker har meldt seg til å støtte henne så " -"hun kan lage musikk, kunst, og andre kreative \"ting\" som hun blir " -"inspirert til å gjøre. Regelmessige tar hun initiativ på en \"per gang\"-" -"basis. Alt innhold hun lager gjøres fritt tilgjengelig med en Attribution-" -"NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA)." +"I dag har Amanda byttet fra folkefinansiering til spesifikke prosjekter, men " +"får i stedet jevn økonomisk støtte fra sin fan-base på Patreon, et nettsted " +"for folkefinansiering som lar artister få regelmessige donasjoner fra fans. " +"Mer enn åtte tusen mennesker har meldt seg til å støtte henne så hun kan " +"lage musikk, kunst, og andre kreative «ting» som hun blir inspirert til å " +"gjøre. Regelmessig tar hun initiativ på en «pr. gang»-basis. Alt innhold hun " +"lager gjøres fritt tilgjengelig med en Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike-" +"lisens (CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7277 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -13855,22 +13908,22 @@ msgid "" "decision because it gave them a more formal, standardized way of doing what " "they had been doing all along. The NonCommercial licenses were a natural fit." msgstr "" -"Hennes musikk og kunst med Creative Commons lisenser begrenser utvilsomt " +"Hennes musikk og kunst med Creative Commons-lisenser begrenser utvilsomt " "hennes valgmuligheter for hvordan hun skaffer et levebrød. Men å dele sitt " "arbeid har vært en del av hennes modell siden begynnelsen av hennes " -"karriere, selv før hun oppdaget Creative Commons. Amanda sier Dresden Dolls " -"brukte å få ti e-poster per uke fra fans som spurte om de kunne brukes " +"karriere, selv før hun oppdaget Creative Commons. Amanda sier at Dresden " +"Dolls brukte å få ti e-poster pr. uke fra fans som spurte om de kunne bruke " "hennes musikk i forskjellige prosjekter. De sa ja til alle forespørsler, så " "lenge det ikke var for et helt inntektsgivende formål. Samtidig brukte de en " -"kort-form avtale skrevet av Amanda selv. \"Jeg fikk alle til å signere den " -"kontakten så jeg ikke gjorde bandet sårbart for at noen senere skjer brukte " -"vår musikk i en Camel sigarettannonse,\" Amanda sa. Straks hun oppdaget " -"Creative Commons, var det en lett beslutning å ta i bruk lisensene fordi det " -"ga dem en mer formell og standardisert måte å gjøre hva de hadde gjort hele " -"tiden. En ikke-kommersiell lisensene var en naturlig tilpasning." +"kortfattet avtale skrevet av Amanda selv. «Jeg fikk alle til å signere den " +"kontrakten så jeg ikke gjorde bandet sårbart for at noen senere brukte vår " +"musikk i en Camel sigarettannonse», sa Amanda. Straks hun oppdaget Creative " +"Commons, var det en lett beslutning å ta i bruk lisensene fordi det ga dem " +"en mer formell og standardisert måte å gjøre hva de hadde gjort hele tiden. " +"De ikke-kommersielle lisensene var en naturlig tilpasning." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7295 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -13879,14 +13932,14 @@ msgid "" "this because we wanted to share the joy of music,” she said." msgstr "" "Amanda omfavner måten tilhengerne hennes deler og bygger videre på musikken " -"hennes. I \"The Art of Asking\" skrev hun at noen av tilhengerne har laget " +"hennes. I «The Art of Asking» skrev hun at noen av tilhengerne har laget " "uoffisielle videoer med hennes musikk. De overgår faktisk de offisielle " "videoene i antall visninger på YouTube. I stedet for å se på dette som en " "slags konkurranse, synes Amanda det er flott. «Jeg startet med dette fordi " -"jeg ønsket å dele musikkgleden,» sier hun." +"jeg ønsket å dele musikkgleden», sier hun." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7303 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -13896,14 +13949,14 @@ msgid "" "of them had also been in my kitchen,” Amanda wrote in The Art of Asking." msgstr "" "Dette er symbolsk for at nesten alt hun gjør i sin karriere, er motivert av " -"et ønske om tilknytning til fansen. I starten av karrieren, startet bandet " -"med konserter i hjemmeselskaper. Ettersom samlingene vokste, og linjen " -"mellom fans og venner ble helt uskarpe. \"Ikke bare visste våre tidligste " -"fans hvor jeg bodde, og der vi øvde, og de fleste av dem hadde også vært på " -"kjøkkenet mitt,\" skrev Amanda i \"The Art of Asking\"." +"et ønske om tilknytning til fansen. I starten av karrieren startet bandet " +"med konserter i hjemmeselskaper. Ettersom samlingene vokste, ble linjen " +"mellom fans og venner helt uskarpe. «Ikke bare visste våre tidligste fans " +"hvor jeg bodde, og hvor vi øvde, men de fleste av dem hadde også vært på " +"kjøkkenet mitt», skrev Amanda i «The Art of Asking»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7287 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7312 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -13914,18 +13967,18 @@ msgid "" "of her ability to connect with people is her willingness to listen. " "“Listening fast and caring immediately is a skill unto itself,” Amanda wrote." msgstr "" -"Selv om fanbase nå er stor og global, fortsetter hun å søke denne typen " -"menneskelig kobling med fansen. Hun søker ut personlig kontakt med fansen i " -"hver sjanse hun kan få. Hennes suksessfulle Kickstarter omfattet femti " +"Selv om fan-basen nå er stor og global, fortsetter hun å søke denne typen " +"menneskelig kobling med fansen. Hun søker personlig kontakt med fansen hver " +"gang hun får en sjanse. Hennes suksessfulle Kickstarter omfattet femti " "konserter på hjemmeselskaper for tilhengere. Hun tilbringer timer med " -"signering etter opptredene. Det hjelper at Amanda har en dynamisk, og " +"signering etter opptredenene. Det hjelper at Amanda har en dynamisk og " "engasjerende personlighet som umiddelbart trekker folk til henne, men en " "stor del av hennes evne til å få kontakt med folk er viljen hennes til å " -"lytte. \"Lytte raskt og omsorg umiddelbart er en ferdighet for seg selv,\" " +"lytte. «Lytte raskt og omsorg umiddelbart er en ferdighet for seg selv», " "skrev Amanda." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7324 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -13938,13 +13991,13 @@ msgstr "" "En del av tilknytningen fansen føler til Amanda er hvor mye de vet om hennes " "liv. Snarere enn å prøve å skape en offentlig person eller et bilde, lever " "hun i hovedsak livet som en åpen bok. Hun har skrevet åpent om utrolig " -"personlige heendelser i livet sitt, og hun er ikke redd for å være sårbar. Å " -"ha den slags tillit til fansen - tilliten som kreves for å være virkelig " -"ærlig - avler tillit fra fansen i retur. Når hun møter fans for første gang " +"personlige hendelser i livet sitt, og hun er ikke redd for å være sårbar. Å " +"ha den slags tillit til fansen – tilliten som kreves for å være virkelig " +"ærlig – avler tillit fra fansen i retur. Når hun møter fans for første gang " "etter en forestilling, kan de helt riktig føle at de kjenner henne." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7334 msgid "" "“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable " "and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the flaws and " @@ -13953,15 +14006,14 @@ msgid "" "otherwise. But my experience has shown me that the risk of making yourself " "vulnerable is almost always worth it.”" msgstr "" -"\"Med sosiale medier, er vi så opptatt med at bildet ser akseptabelt ut så " -"vi glemmer at vi glemmer at å være menneske og viser feilene og utsette " -"sårbarhet faktisk lager en dypere forbindelse enn det å bare å se fantastisk " -"ut.\" sa Amanda. \"Alt i vår kultur er forteller oss noe annet. Men min " -"erfaring har vist meg at risikoen for gjør seg selv sårbar er nesten alltid " -"verdt det.\"" +"«Med sosiale medier er vi så opptatt med at bildet ser akseptabelt ut, så vi " +"glemmer å være menneske, og at å vise feilene og sårbarhet, faktisk skaper " +"en dypere forbindelse enn det å bare se fantastisk ut», sa Amanda. «Alt i " +"vår kultur forteller oss noe annet. Men min erfaring har vist meg at " +"risikoen for å vise seg selv sårbar, er nesten alltid verdt det»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7343 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -13971,16 +14023,16 @@ msgid "" "her use of Creative Commons licenses. Because that is what you do with your " "friends—you share." msgstr "" -"Ikke bare oppgir hun intime detaljer om sitt liv til dem, hun sover på deres " -"sofaer, lytter til deres historier, gråter med dem. Kort sagt, behandler hun " -"fansen som venner på nesten alle mulige måter, selv når de er fullstendig " -"fremmede. Denne mentaliteten, at fans er venner - er helt sammenvevd med " -"Amanda suksess som kunstner. Det er også vevd sammen med sin bruk av " -"Creative Commons-lisenser. Fordi det er det du gjør med vennene dine, - du " -"deler." +"Ikke bare avslører hun intime detaljer om sitt liv til dem, hun sover på " +"deres sofaer, lytter til deres historier, gråter med dem. Kort sagt, hun " +"behandler fansen som venner på nesten alle mulige måter, selv når de er " +"fullstendig fremmede. Denne mentaliteten, at fans er venner – er helt " +"sammenvevd med Amandas suksess som kunstner. Det er også vevd sammen med " +"hennes bruk av Creative Commons-lisenser. Fordi det er det du gjør med " +"vennene dine – du deler." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7353 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -13990,16 +14042,16 @@ msgid "" "from people who know and trust you. People who feel personally invested in " "your success." msgstr "" -"Etter år med investert tid og energi i å bygge tillit til fansen, har hun en " -"sterkt nok forhold til dem til å be om støtte gjennom Betal-hva-du-vil " -"donasjoner, Kickstarter, Patreon, eller selv å be dem å ta et i tak på en " -"konsert. Som Amanda forklarer det, folkefinansiering (noe som er virkelig " -"hva alle disse forskjellige tingene er) er å om be om støtte fra folk som " +"Etter år med investert tid og energi i å bygge tillit til fansen, har hun et " +"sterkt nok forhold til dem til å be om støtte gjennom Betal-hva-du-vil-" +"donasjoner, Kickstarter, Patreon, eller selv å be dem å ta i et tak på en " +"konsert. Som Amanda forklarer det, folkefinansiering (noe som virkelig er " +"hva alle disse forskjellige tingene er) er å be om støtte fra folk som " "kjenner og stoler på deg. Personer som føler at de personlig har investert i " "din suksess." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7363 msgid "" "“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, " "they become your allies, your family,” she wrote. There really is a feeling " @@ -14007,14 +14059,14 @@ msgid "" "band encouraged people to dress up for their shows. They consciously " "cultivated a feeling of belonging to their “weird little family.”" msgstr "" -"\"Når du åpent, virkelig stoler mennesker, tar de ikke bare ta vare på deg, " -"de blir dine allierte, din familie,\" skrev hun. Det er virkelig en følelse " -"av samhold hos kjernen av hennes fans. Fra starten av \"Amanda and her band" -"\" oppfordret hun folk til å kle seg opp til sine forestillinger. De dyrket " -"en bevisst følelse av tilhørighet til \"denne rare lille familien.\"" +"«Når du åpent, virkelig stoler mennesker, tar de ikke bare ta vare på deg, " +"de blir dine allierte, din familie», skrev hun. Det er virkelig en følelse " +"av samhold hos kjernen av hennes fans. Fra starten av «Amanda and her " +"band», oppfordret hun folk til å kle seg opp til sine forestillinger. De " +"dyrket en bevisst følelse av tilhørighet til «denne rare lille familien»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7371 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. “I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of person " @@ -14024,9 +14076,16 @@ msgid "" "them. It’s about finding a way to channel energy in a way that is joyful to " "you.”" msgstr "" +"Slik intimitet med fans er ikke mulig, eller egentlig ønskelig for alle " +"artister. «Jeg tar det ikke for gitt at jeg tilfeldigvis er den typen person " +"som elsker å danse omkring med fremmede», sa Amanda. «Jeg erkjenner at det " +"ikke nødvendigvis er alles forestilling om å ha det trivelig. Alle gjør det " +"forskjellig. Å gjenta hva jeg har gjort, fungerer ikke for andre hvis det " +"ikke er en glede for dem. Det gjelder å finne en måte å kanalisere sin " +"energi på som gleder deg»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7380 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -14039,9 +14098,19 @@ msgid "" "describes it as casting a net. It starts with the art and then the bond " "strengthens with human connection." msgstr "" +"Men mens Amanda frydefullt samhandler med fansen, og involverer dem i sitt " +"arbeid så mye som mulig, beholder hun én jobb primært for seg selv – å " +"skrive musikken. Hun elsker kreativiteten som fansen bruker, og tilpasser " +"sitt arbeid, men med vilje involverer hun dem ikke i den første fasen av " +"sitt kunstneriske arbeid. Og selvfølgelig, sangene og musikken er det som i " +"utgangspunktet trekker folk til Amanda Palmer. Det er bare når hun har " +"koblet til mennesker gjennom musikken sin at hun så kan begynne å bygge bånd " +"på et mer personlig nivå, både personlig og på nettet. I sin bok beskriver " +"Amanda at det er som å kaste et nett. Det starter med kunst, og deretter " +"styrkes båndet med menneskelige relasjoner." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. “It sounds so corny,” she said, “but my experience in forty " @@ -14050,9 +14119,15 @@ msgid "" "through a capitalist lens. There is no more satisfying end goal than having " "someone tell you that what you do is genuinely of value to them.”" msgstr "" +"For Amanda er hele poenget med å være kunstner å etablere og opprettholde " +"denne kontakten. «Det høres så banalt ut», sa hun, «men min erfaring, med " +"førti år på denne planeten, har gitt meg en åpenbar sannhet, at forbindelse " +"med mennesker føles så mye bedre og mer tilfredsstillende enn å nærme seg " +"kunst gjennom en kapitalistisk linse. Det er ikke noe mer tilfredsstillende " +"mål enn at noen forteller deg at hva du gjør, virkelig er av verdi for dem»." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7377 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7402 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -14062,45 +14137,57 @@ msgid "" "artistic gifts. She shares herself. And then rather than forcing people to " "help her, she lets them." msgstr "" +"Som hun forklarer det, når en fan gir henne en ti dollar seddel, er det " +"vanligvis hva de med det sier at pengene symboliserer at musikken ga dem noe " +"av dypere verdi. For Amanda er kunst ikke bare et produkt, det er en " +"relasjon. Sett slik, er det Amanda gjør i dag ikke så forskjellig fra hva " +"hun gjorde som ung gateartist. Hun deler sin musikk og andre kunstneriske " +"gaver. Hun deler seg selv. Og istedenfor å presse folk til å hjelpe henne, " +"lar hun dem gjøre det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7413 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "PLOS (Public Library of Science - Offentlig vitenskapsbibliotek)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." "S." msgstr "" +"PLOS (Public Library of Science) er en ideell organisasjon som utgir et " +"bibliotek av akademiske tidsskrifter og annen vitenskapelig litteratur. " +"Grunnlagt i år 2000 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7421 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7423 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Innholdsleverandører " +"betaler en artikkelprosessavgift for å bli publisert i tidsskiftet" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7402 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7427 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 7. mars 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7429 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" -msgstr "" +msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Louise Page, utgiver" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -14114,9 +14201,20 @@ msgid "" "access journals for biomedicine, with research articles being released under " "Attribution (CC BY) licenses." msgstr "" +"The Public Library of Science (PLOS) (Det offentlige biblioteket for " +"vitenskap) startet i 2000 da tre ledende forskere – Harold E. Varmus, " +"Patrick O. Brown og Michael Eisen – startet en underskriftskampanje på " +"nettet. De ba forskere om å stoppe å sende artikler til journaler som ikke " +"gjorde den fulle teksten av artiklene fritt tilgjengelig umiddelbart, eller " +"innen seks måneder. Selv om titusenvis signerte oppropet, fulgte de fleste " +"ikke opp. I august 2001 kunngjorde Patrick og Michael at de ville starte sin " +"egen ideelle publiseringsoperasjon for å gjøre akkurat hva begjæringen " +"lovet. Med oppstartsstøtte fra Gordon og Betty Moore Foundation, ble PLOS " +"lansert for å gi ut nye tidsskrifter med åpen tilgang for biomedisin, med " +"forskningsartikler utgitt med Attribution (CC BY)-lisenser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -14128,9 +14226,18 @@ msgid "" "fee to libraries or an access fee to users wanting to read the journal or " "article." msgstr "" +"Tradisjonelt starter vitenskapelig publisering med at en forfatter sender et " +"manuskript til en utgiver. Etter interne tekniske og etiske betraktninger " +"blir artikkelen deretter gjennomgått for å avgjøre om kvaliteten på arbeidet " +"er akseptabel for publisering. Så snart den er akseptert, tar utgiveren " +"artikkelen gjennom prosessen med redigering, sats og eventuell publisering i " +"en trykket eller elektronisk publikasjon. Tradisjonelle journalutgivere får " +"dekket kostnader, og har fortjeneste på en abonnementsavgift til " +"biblioteker, eller en tilgangsavgift fra brukere som ønsker å lese journalen " +"eller artikkelen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7462 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -14142,9 +14249,19 @@ msgid "" "research slows the dissemination of this research and advancement of the " "field. It was time for a new model." msgstr "" +"For Louise Page, den gjeldende utgiveren av PLOS, gir denne tradisjonelle " +"modellen forskjellsbehandling. Tilgang er begrenset til dem som kan betale. " +"Mest forskning er finansiert via offentlige organer, det vil si med " +"offentlige midler. Det er urettferdig at publikum, som finansierte " +"forskningen, blir pålagt å betale en gang til for tilgang til resultatene. " +"Ikke alle vil ha råd til å betale de stadig økende abonnementsavgiftene " +"utgiverne krever, spesielt når bibliotekenes budsjetter reduseres. Begrenset " +"tilgang til resultatene av vitenskapelig forskning bremser formidling av " +"denne forskningen, og utvikling av fagfeltet. Det var på tide med en ny " +"modell." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7474 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -14156,9 +14273,18 @@ msgid "" "world have free and timely access to the latest research immediately on " "publication." msgstr "" +"Denne nye modellen ble kjent som åpen tilgang. Den er gratis og med åpen " +"tilgang på Internett. Åpne forskningsartikler ligger ikke bak en " +"betalingsvegg, og krever ikke pålogging. En viktig fordel med åpen tilgang " +"er at den tillater folk å fritt bruke, kopiere og distribuere artikler, da " +"de er primært publisert under en Attribution (CC BY)-lisens (som bare krever " +"at brukeren angir passende henvisning). Og enda viktigere, " +"beslutningstakere, klinikere, gründere, lærere og studenter verden rundt har " +"fri og betimelig tilgang til den nyeste forskningen umiddelbart ved " +"publisering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -14170,9 +14296,19 @@ msgid "" "billed upon acceptance for publishing. There are no additional charges based " "on word length, figures, or other elements." msgstr "" +"Imidlertid krever åpen tilgang at forretningsmodellen for " +"forskningspublisering må gjennomgås på nytt. Heller enn å kreve en " +"abonnementsavgift for journalen, besluttet PLOS å snu modellen på hodet og " +"kreve et publiseringsgebyr, kjent som en artikkelbehandlingskostnad. Denne " +"forskuddsavgiften, vanligvis betalt av den som finansierer forskningen, " +"eller forfatterens institusjon, dekker utgifter som redaksjonell " +"gjennomgang, organisering av fagfellevurdering, journalproduksjon, plass på " +"nettet og fremleggelse. Avgifter er pr. artikkel og faktureres ved aksept " +"for publisering. Det er ingen ekstrakostnader basert på antall ord, " +"tegninger, tall eller andre elementer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -14182,17 +14318,28 @@ msgid "" "publication charges for PLOS ONE, a journal started in 2006, are just under " "$1,500." msgstr "" +"Å beregne artikkelbehandlingsavgiften krever å ta med alle kostnader " +"forbundet med å publisere tidsskriftet, og fastsette en kostnad pr. artikkel " +"som samlet dekker kostnadene. For PLOSs tidsskrifter i biologi, medisin, " +"genetikk, beregningsbiologi, forsømte tropiske sykdommer og patogener, " +"varierer betalingen for artikkelbehandlingen fra 2250 dollar til 2900 " +"dollar. Betalingen for artikkelpublikasjoner i PLOS ONE, et tidsskrift " +"startet i 2006, er like under 1500 dollar." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7482 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7507 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " "institutions to help authors who can’t afford the article-processing charges." msgstr "" +"PLOS mener at mangel på midler ikke bør være en barriere for publisering. " +"Siden begynnelsen, har PLOS gitt betalingsstøtte til enkeltpersoner og " +"institusjoner for å hjelpe forfattere som ikke har råd til kostnadene for " +"artikkelbehandling." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7513 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -14208,9 +14355,23 @@ msgid "" "community and giving the authors exposure. And this encourages other authors " "to submit their work for publication." msgstr "" +"Louise identifiserer markedsføring som et område med stor forskjell mellom " +"PLOS og tradisjonelle tidsskriftutgivere. Tradisjonelle tidsskriter må " +"investere tungt i ansatte, bygninger og infrastruktur for å markedsføre sine " +"tidsskrifter og overbevise kunder om å abonnere. Å begrense tilgang til " +"abonnenter betyr at verktøy for å administrere tilgangskontroll blir " +"nødvendig. De bruker millioner av dollar på systemer for tilgangskontroll, " +"ansatte som administrerer dem og selgere. Med PLOSs åpen tilgang " +"publisering er det ikke behov for disse massive utgiftene; artiklene er fri, " +"åpen og tilgjengelig for alle ved publikasjon. I tillegg pleier " +"tradisjonelle utgivere å bruke mer på markedsføring til biblioteker, som til " +"slutt betaler for abonnementet. PLOS gir bedre service for forfattere ved å " +"fremme deres forskning direkte til forskningsfellesskapet og gi forfatterne " +"eksponering. Og dette oppfordrer andre forfattere til å sende sitt arbeid " +"for publisering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7530 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -14219,17 +14380,26 @@ msgid "" "this aligns with how they think research content should be published and " "disseminated." msgstr "" +"For Louise ville PLOS ikke eksistert uten Attribution-lisens (CC BY). Denne " +"gjør det veldig klart hvilke rettigheter som er knyttet til innholdet, og " +"gir en sikker måte for forskere å gjøre sitt arbeid tilgjengelig, og " +"samtidig sikre at de får anerkjennelse (riktige henvisninger). For PLOS er " +"alt dette knyttet opp mot hvordan de mener forskningsinnhold skal bli " +"publisert og spredd." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7538 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " "repository and provide a data-availability statement." msgstr "" +"PLOS har også en bred åpen-datapolitikk. For å få sine forskningsartikler " +"publisert må PLOS sine bidragsytere også gjøre data tilgjengelige i en " +"offentlig kildebrønn, og gi en erklæring om datatilgjengelighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7518 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7543 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -14238,18 +14408,30 @@ msgid "" "notch. PLOS has to function as well as or better than other premier " "journals, as researchers have a choice about where to publish." msgstr "" +"Kostnadene til forretningsvirksomhet som følger med den åpne " +"tilgangsmodellen følger fortsatt i stor grad den eksisterende " +"publiseringsmodellen. PLOS tidsskrifter er bare på nettet, men det " +"redaksjonelle, fagfellevurdering, produksjon, layout, og publiseringsstadier " +"er de samme som for en tradisjonell utgiver. De redaksjonelle gruppene må " +"være av klasse. PLOS må fungere like godt, eller helst bedre enn andre " +"fremtredende tidsskrifter, slik at forskerne har et valg om hvor de vil " +"publisere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7552 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " "journal, and the prestige associated with it. PLOS journals rank high, even " "though they are relatively new." msgstr "" +"Forskere er påvirket av rangeringer av tidsskrifter, som gjenspeiler " +"plasseringen til en journal på sitt fagfelt, den relative vanskeligheten med " +"å bli publisert i dette tidsskriftet, og prestisjen knyttet til det. PLOS " +"journaler rangerer høyt, selv om de er relativt nye." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7558 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -14258,9 +14440,16 @@ msgid "" "CC BY licensing of PLOS research articles ensures easy access for readers " "and generates more discovery and citations for authors." msgstr "" +"Hvordan forskere blir kjent, og det avtrykk de gir, baseres delvis på hvor " +"mange ganger andre forskere siterer deres artikler. Louise sier at når " +"forskere vil oppdage og lese andres arbeid innen eget felt, går de til en " +"oppsummerer (aggregator) eller en søkemotor, og vanligvis ikke til en " +"bestemt journal. CC BY-lisensiering av PLOSs forskningsartikler sikrer en " +"enkel tilgang for lesere, og genererer flere tilslag (funn) og sitater for " +"forfattere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -14268,9 +14457,15 @@ msgid "" "big impact. In 2012 to 2014, they published more open-access articles than " "BioMed Central, the original open-access publisher, or anyone else." msgstr "" +"Louise mener at åpen tilgang har vært en stor suksess, til noe som har vokst " +"fra en bevegelse ledet av en liten kadre (kjerne) av forskere til noe som nå " +"er utbredt, og brukes i en eller annen form av enhver tidsskriftsutgiver. " +"PLOS har hatt en stor virkning. Fra 2012 til 2014 publiserte de flere " +"artikler enn BioMed Central, den opprinnelige åpen tilgangsutgiveren, eller " +"noen andre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7575 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -14292,26 +14487,53 @@ msgid "" "the value of the PLOS ONE model and are now offering their own " "multidisciplinary forums for publishing all sound science." msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574 +"PLOS forstyrret ytterligere den tradisjonelle modellen for " +"tidsskriftspublisering med det banebrytende konseptet med et megatidsskift. " +"Megatidsskriftet PLOS ONE, lansert i 2006, er et akademisk tidsskrift med " +"fagfellevurdering og åpen tilgang, som er mye større enn et tradisjonelt " +"tidsskrift, men publiserer tusenvis av artikler pr. år, og nyter godt av " +"stordriftsfordeler. PLOS ONE har et bredt omfang, dekker naturvitenskap og " +"medisin så vel som samfunnsvitenskap og humaniora. Gjennomgangen og den " +"redaksjonelle prosessen er mindre subjektiv. Artiklene er akseptert for " +"publisering basert på om de er teknisk gode i stedet for oppfattet viktighet " +"eller relevans. Dette er svært viktig i dagens debatt om integritet og " +"reproduserbarhet i forskningen fordi negative eller ikke-resultater nå også " +"kan publiseres, noe som generelt avvises av tradisjonelle tidsskrifter. PLOS " +"ONE er som alle PLOS-tidsskriftene bare på nettet, og ikke som trykksaker. " +"PLOS overfører besparelsene stordriftsfordelene gir til forskere og " +"publikum ved å senke kostnadene til artikkelbehandlingen, som er lavere enn " +"for andre tidsskrifter. PLOS ONE er det største tidsskriftet i verden, og " +"har virkelig lagt listen for storskala-publisering av akademiske artikler. " +"Andre utgivere ser verdien av PLOS ONE-modellen, og tilbyr nå egne " +"tverrfaglige fora for å publisere all solid vitenskap." + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " "be adjusted to change current practice." msgstr "" +"Louise skisserte noen andre aspekter av forretningsmodellen for " +"forskningstidsskrifter som PLOS eksperimenterer med, der hun beskriver hver " +"som en slags skyvekontroll som kan justeres for å endre gjeldende praksis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7604 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " "there is always a trade-off with scale, as the bigger the volume of " "articles, the more time the approval process inevitably takes." msgstr "" +"En skyvekontroll gir tidspunktet for publisering. Tidspunktet for " +"publisering kan forkortes etter hvert som tidsskiftene blir flinkere til å " +"gi raskere beslutninger til forfattere. Men er det alltid en avveining mot " +"omfanget, jo større volum med artikler, jo mer tid vil godkjenningsprosessen " +"uunngåelig ta." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7586 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7611 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -14323,18 +14545,32 @@ msgid "" "public. An open-review process can also ensure everyone gets credit; right " "now, credit is limited to the publisher and author." msgstr "" +"Fagfellevurdering er en annen del av prosessen som kan endres. Det er mulig " +"å redefinere hva fagfellevurdering egentlig er, når den skal skje, og hva " +"som utgjør den endelige artikkelen for publisering. Louise snakket om " +"potensialet for å skifte til en åpen vurderingsprosess, som legger vekt på " +"åpenhet i stedet for dobbeltblinde vurderinger. Louise mener vi beveger oss " +"inn i en retning der det egentlig er fordelaktig for en forfatter å kjenne " +"til hvem som gjennomgår artikkelen deres, og for den som gjennomgår å vite " +"at deres vurdering vil være offentlig. En åpen vurderingsprosess kan også " +"sikre at alle får anerkjennelse; akkurat nå er anerkjennelsen begrenset til " +"utgiver og forfatter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7598 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " "outcomes, we’d learn from what didn’t work. It could also reduce how much " "the research wheel gets reinvented around the world." msgstr "" +"Louise sier at forskning med negative resultater er nesten like viktige som " +"positive resultater. Hvis tidsskrifter publiserte mer forskning med negative " +"resultater, ville vi lære hva som ikke fungerte. Det kan også redusere hvor " +"mye av forskningshjulet som blir gjenoppfunnet rundt om i verden." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7605 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7630 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -14350,9 +14586,23 @@ msgid "" "get their discoveries out early and establish precedence. A big challenge is " "that researchers don’t have a lot of time to comment on preprints." msgstr "" +"En annen justerbar praksis er å dele artikler i en tidlig utkastfase. " +"Publisering av forskning i et tidsskrift kan ta lang tid fordi artikler må " +"gjennomgå en omfattende fagfellevurdering. Behovet for å raskt sirkulere " +"aktuelle resultater i et vitenskapelig samfunn har ført til en praksis med å " +"distribuere forhåndsutkast av dokumenter som ennå ikke har gjennomgått " +"fagfellevurdering. Dokumentutkast utvider prosessen med fagfellevurdering, " +"slik at forfatterne mottar en tidlig tilbakemelding fra en bred gruppe av " +"kolleger som kan hjelpe med å revidere og forberede artikkelen før den " +"leveres inn. Å sette til side fordelene med dokumentutkast er " +"forfatterbekymringer for ikke å komme først med å legge frem resultater fra " +"sin egen forskning. Andre forskere kan se funn som forfatteren av " +"dokumentutkastet ennå ikke har tenkt på. Imidlertid vil dokumentutkast " +"hjelpe forskere med å få ut sine funn tidlig og etablere forrang. En stor " +"utfordring er at forskerne ikke har mye tid til å kommentere dokumentutkast." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7648 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -14362,19 +14612,27 @@ msgid "" "these changes the current form factor for what constitutes a research " "article would undergo transformation." msgstr "" +"Hva som utgjør et tidsskrift kan også endres. Ideen om en vitenskapelig " +"artikkel som skrevet ut, innbundet, og i en bibliotekstabel, er utdatert. Å " +"være digital og på nettet åpner opp for nye muligheter, for eksempel et " +"levende dokument som utvikler seg over tid, inkludering av lyd og video og " +"interaktivitet, som diskusjon og anbefalinger. Selv størrelsen på hva som " +"blir publisert kan endres. Med disse forandringene vil den gjeldende " +"formfaktoren for hva som utgjør en vitenskapelig artikkel også gjennomgå " +"endringer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7662 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7641 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7666 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7658 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -14388,9 +14646,21 @@ msgid "" "model could evolve to provide a more friendly and interactive user " "experience, including a way for readers to communicate with authors." msgstr "" +"Etterhvert som tidsskifter skaleres opp og nye tidsskifter kommer, skyves " +"mer og mer informasjon ut til leserne, noe som gir opplevelsen å føle at man " +"drikker fra en brannslange. For å begrense dette, aggregerer og " +"tilrettelegger PLOS innhold fra PLOS sine tidsskifter og sitt nettverk av " +"blogger.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> De tilbyr også Article-" +"Level Metrics, som hjelper brukere med å vurdere hvilken forskning som er " +"mest relevant for selve feltet, basert på ulike indikatorer die bruk, " +"sitater, sosiale bokmerker og formidlingsaktivitet, omtale i media og " +"blogger, diskusjoner og rangeringer.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/" +"> Louise mener at tidskriftsmodellen kan utvikle seg til å gi en mer " +"brukervennlig og interaktiv brukeropplevelse, inkludert en måte for leserne " +"å kommunisere med forfattere på." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7646 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7671 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -14400,9 +14670,16 @@ msgid "" "exploring all the permutations research-publishing can take, with authors " "and readers who are open to experimentation." msgstr "" +"Det store bildet for PLOS fremover er å kombinere og justere disse " +"eksperimentelle praksiser på måter som fortsetter å forbedre tilgjengelighet " +"og formidling av forskning, samtidig som integritet og pålitelighet sikres. " +"Måtene dette henger sammen på er komplekst. Prosessen med å endre og justere " +"er ikke lineær. PLOS ser seg selv som en svært fleksibel utgiver som er " +"interessert i å utforske alle omordninger som forskningspublisering kan gi, " +"sammen med forfattere og lesere som er åpne for eksperimentering." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7681 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -14412,55 +14689,70 @@ msgid "" "million scientists, scholars, and clinicians visit PLOS every month, with " "more than 135,000 quality articles to peruse for free." msgstr "" +"For PLOS handler suksess ikke om overskudd. Suksess er å bevise at " +"forskning kan kommuniseres raskt og i økonomisk skala, til fordel for " +"forskere og samfunn. CC BY-lisensen gjør det mulig for PLOS å publisere på " +"en måte som er ubundet, åpen og rask, samtidig som man sikrer at forfatterne " +"får anerkjennelse for sitt arbeid. Mer enn to millioner forskere, " +"akademikere og klinikere besøker PLOS hver måned, der mer enn 135 000 " +"kvalitetsartikler kan leses gratis." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7666 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7691 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " "science." msgstr "" +"Til slutt, for PLOS, forfatterne og leserne, er suksessen å gjøre forskning " +"overskuelig, tilgjengelig og reproduserbar, til fremme av vitenskap." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697 msgid "Rijksmuseum" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Rijksmuseum" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7700 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" +"Rijksmuseum er det nederlandske nasjonale museum for kunst og historie. " +"Grunnlagt i 1800 i Nederland" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7704 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7681 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7706 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " "merchandise" msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Donasjoner og statlig " +"finansiering, betaling for personlig versjon (museumsadgang), og varesalg" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7710 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" -"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 11 desember 2015" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 11. desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7713 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, datasjef for " +"innsamlingsinformasjonen" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -14475,9 +14767,20 @@ msgid "" "going on for so long, the museum became largely forgotten by the public. Out " "of these circumstances emerged a new and more open model for the museum." msgstr "" +"Rijksmuseum, Nederlands nasjonalmuseum for kunst og historie, har vært " +"plassert i sin nåværende bygning siden 1885. Den monumentale bygningen fikk " +"mer enn 125 års intensiv bruk før den trengte en grundig oppussing. I 2003 " +"var museet stengt for oppussing. Asbest ble funnet i taket, og selv om " +"museet var planlagt å være stengt i bare tre til fire år, tok renoveringen " +"ti år. Samtidig ble samlingen flyttet til en annen del av Amsterdam, som ga " +"en fysisk avstand til kuratorene. Av nødvendighet begynte de å digitalt " +"fotografere samlingen og lage metadata (informasjon om hvert objekt til å " +"sette inn en database). Når renoveringen pågikk så lenge, ble museet i stor " +"grad glemt av publikum. Fra disse omstendighetene dukket det opp en ny og " +"mer åpen modell for museet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7712 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -14491,9 +14794,19 @@ msgid "" "technology. And they put up a card-catalog like database of the entire " "collection online." msgstr "" +"Da Lizzy Jongma begynte i Rijksmuseum i 2011 som dataansvarlig, var " +"personalet lei av situasjonen de var i. De innså også selv at med den nye og " +"større plassen, ville det fortsatt ikke være mulig å vise mye av hele " +"samlingen – med åtte tusen av over en million – representerte det 1 prosent. " +"Personalet begynte å utforske måter å uttrykke seg på, å ha noe å vise for " +"alt arbeidet de hadde utført. Rijksmuseum er hovedsakelig finansiert av " +"nederlandske skattebetalere, så var det en måte for museet å gi fordelen " +"tilbake til publikum mens det var lukket? De begynte å tenke på å dele " +"Rijksmuseums samling med bruk av informasjonsteknologi. Og de satte opp en " +"kortkatalog som database over hele samlingen på nettet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7751 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -14502,14 +14815,20 @@ msgid "" "of the one hundred most important pieces in the Rijksmuseum collection? That " "eventually led to why not put the whole collection online?" msgstr "" +"Det var effektivt men litt kjedelig. Det var bare data. En hackersamling de " +"ble invitert til, fikk dem til å begynne å snakke om hendelser som dette som " +"om det hadde potensiale. De likte ideen å invitere folk til å gjøre kule " +"ting med sin samling. Hva med å gi tilgang til digitale representasjoner av " +"de hundre viktigste gjenstandene i Rijksmuseums samlinger? Det førte til " +"slutt til at: Hvorfor ikke legge hele samlingen ut på nettet?" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7762 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7760 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -14523,9 +14842,19 @@ msgid "" "business practice a bit scary, but at the same time it stimulated even more " "discussion on whether the Rijksmuseum should follow suit." msgstr "" +"Deretter sier Lizzy, Europeana kom. Europeana er Europas digitale bibliotek, " +"museum og arkiv for kulturarv.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> som " +"en nettportal til museumsamlinger over hele Europa, hadde Europeana blitt en " +"viktig nettplattform. I oktober 2010 utga Creative Commons CC0 og sitt " +"offentlig domene merke som verktøy folk kan bruke som gratis, fri for kjente " +"opphavsrettigheter. Europeana var den første store brukeren av CC0 for å gi " +"metadata om sin innsamling og det offentlige merke for millioner av digitale " +"verk i samlingen sin. Lizzy sier Rijksmuseum i utgangspunktet denne " +"endringen i praksis litt skummel, men samtidig stimulerte det til enda mer " +"diskusjon om hvorvidt Rijksmuseum skal følge etter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7749 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7774 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -14537,9 +14866,18 @@ msgid "" "down people who use the Rijksmuseum collection. And anyway, restricting " "access meant the people they were frustrating the most were schoolkids." msgstr "" +"De forsto at de ikke \"eier\" samlingen og ikke realistisk kunne realistisk " +"overvåke og håndheve samsvar med de restriktive lisensvilkårene de for tiden " +"benyttet. For eksempel var mange kopier og versjoner av Vermeers Het " +"Melkmeisje (i sin samling) var allerede på nettet, mange av dem med svært " +"dårlig kvalitet. De kunne tilbringe tid og penger på å passe på bruken, men " +"det vil trolig være nytteløst og ville ikke få folk til å slutte å bruke " +"bildene deres på nettet. De endte opp med å tenke at det var fullstendig " +"bortkastet tid å jakte på mennesker som brukte Rijksmuseums samling. Og " +"uansett, å begrense tilgangen for folk var dem de irriterte mest skolebarn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -14552,9 +14890,20 @@ msgid "" "government (i.e., paid for by the public) was contentious and frustrating " "for some. Lizzy says they had lots of fierce debates about what to do." msgstr "" +"I 2011 begynte Rijksmuseum å lage digitale bilder av verk kjent for å være " +"uten opphavsrettigheter tilgjengelig på nettet ved å bruke Creative Commons " +"CC0 til å plassere verkene i den offentlige sfæren. Et bilde med middels " +"oppløsning ble tilbudt gratis, mens en høyoppløsningsversjon kostet € 40. " +"Folk begynte å betale, men Lizzy sier at å inn pengene var et mareritt, " +"spesielt fra utenlandske kunder. De administrative kostnadene oppveide ofte " +"inntektene og inntekten etter kostnader var trukket fra var relativt lav. I " +"tillegg, å måtte betale for et bilde av et arbeid i det offentlige domenet " +"fra en samling eid av den nederlandske regjeringen (dvs, betalt av publikum) " +"var omstridt og frustrerende for noen. Lizzy sier de hadde mange heftige " +"debatter om hva de skulle gjøre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7801 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -14565,9 +14914,17 @@ msgid "" "out making 150,000 high-quality images of their collection available, with " "the goal to eventually have the entire collection online." msgstr "" +"I 2013 endret Rijksmuseum sin forretningsmodell. De ga Creative Commons " +"lisenser til sine bilder med høy kvalitet og la dem ut på nettet gratis. " +"Digitalisering koster fortsatt penger. Imidlertid bestemte de seg å avgrense " +"separate digitaliseringsprosjekter og finne sponsorer villig til å " +"finansiere hvert prosjekt. Dette viste seg for å være en vellykket strategi, " +"genererte stor interesse fra sponsorer og mindre administrativt arbeidefor " +"Rijksmuseum. De startet med å gjøre 150.000 høykvalitetsbilder fra samlingen " +"sin tilgjengelig, med det mål å få hele samlingen på nettet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7812 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -14581,9 +14938,20 @@ msgid "" "where a work of art becomes so famous that people want to see it in real " "life by visiting the actual museum." msgstr "" +"Å legge ut disse høykvalitetsbildene gratis, reduserte den sterkt voksende " +"spredningen av bilder med dårlig kvalitet. For eksempel blir " +"høykvalitetsbildet av Vermeers Melkmeisje lastet ned til tre tusen ganger i " +"måneden. På Internett, blir bilder fra en kilde som Rijksmuseum sett på som " +"mer pålitelige og å benytte Creative Commons-CC0 betyr at de kan lett kan " +"finnes på andre plattformer. For eksempel brukes nå Rijksmuseums bilder i " +"tusenvis av Wikipedia-artikler, og får ti til elleve millioner sidevisninger " +"per måned. Dette utvider Rijksmuseums rekkevidde langt utover det som nås " +"fra deres egen egen hjemmeside. Deling av disse bildene på nettet lager det " +"Lizzy kaller \"Mona Lisa-effekten,\" hvor et kunstverk blir så kjent, at " +"folk ønsker å se det i det virkelige liv ved å besøke det aktuelle museet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7802 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -14592,9 +14960,14 @@ msgid "" "long been a way to generate revenue generation, including for the " "Rijksmuseum." msgstr "" +"Hvert museum har en tendens til å bli kjennetegnet av antallet fysiske " +"besøkende. Rijksmuseum er primært offentlig finansiert, og mottar omtrent 70 " +"prosent av sin driftsbudsjett fra staten. Men som mange museer, må den " +"skaffe resten av finansiering på andre måter. Adgangspenger har lenge vært " +"en måte å få inntekter på, medregnet for Rijksmuseum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7835 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -14607,14 +14980,24 @@ msgid "" "cartons, and children’s toys, people also see what museum the image comes " "from and this increases the museum’s visibility." msgstr "" +"Når museer skaper en egen digital tilstedeværelse og legger ut digitale " +"avbildninger av sine samlinger på nettet, er det ofte en bekymring som det " +"vil føre til en nedgang i antallet fysiske besøk. For Rijksmuseum, har dette " +"ikke være tilfelle. Lizzy fortalte at Rijksmuseum pleide få om lag 1 million " +"besøkende i året før lukkingen, og har nå mer enn to millioner i året. Å " +"gjør samlingen tilgjengelig på nettet har generert publisitet og fungerer " +"som en form for markedsføring. Creative Commons-merket oppfordrer til " +"gjenbruk også. Når bildet finnes en protestbrosjyrer, melkekartonger og " +"barneleker, ser folk også hvor museumsbildet kommer fra, og dette øker " +"museets synlighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7830 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7855 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7824 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7849 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -14623,9 +15006,16 @@ msgid "" "Rijksstudio, where users and artists could use and do various things with " "the Rijksmuseum collection.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"I 2011 fikk Rijksmuseum 1 million Euro fra det nederlandsk lotteriet til å " +"opprette en ny tilstedeværelse på nettet som ville være forskjellig fra alle " +"andre museeres. I tillegg til omstruktureringen deres viktigste nettsted for " +"å være mobilvennlig og knyttet opp mot enheter som iPad, har Rijksmuseum " +"også laget Rijksstudio, hvor brukere og kunstnere kan bruke og gjøre " +"forskjellige ting med Rijksmuseum samling.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7833 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7858 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -14636,18 +15026,30 @@ msgid "" "and users are encouraged to use them as they like, for private or even " "commercial purposes." msgstr "" +"Rijksstudio gir brukere tilgang til over to hundretusen høykvalitets " +"digitale gjengivelser av mesterverk fra samlingen. Brukere kan zoome inn i " +"alle verkene og selv klipp små deler av bilder de liker. Rijksstudio er litt " +"som Pinterest. Du kan \"like\" verker og sette sammen dine personlige " +"favoritter, og du kan dele dem med venner eller laste dem ned gratis. Alle " +"bildene i Rijksstudio er fri fra opphavsrett og royalty, og brukere " +"oppfordres til å bruke de som de liker, for private eller til og med " +"kommersielle formål." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7844 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7869 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " "ugly babies and birds. Sets of images have also been created for educational " "purposes including use for school exams." msgstr "" +"Brukere har laget over 276 000 Rijksstudios, generert sine egne spesifikke " +"virtuelle utstillinger om en rekke emner fra billedvev til stygge bebier og " +"fugler. Settene med bilder er også laget for pedagogiske formål, medregnet " +"for bruk ved skoleeksamen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7876 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -14658,9 +15060,17 @@ msgid "" "want to preclude commercial use. That way, their works can be made available " "to the public, but within limits the artists have specified." msgstr "" +"Noen moderne kunstnere som har verk i samlingen Rijksmuseum, har kontaktet " +"dem for å spørre hvorfor deres verk ikke var inkludert i Rijksstudio. Svaret " +"var at moderne kunstneres arbeider fortsatt er bundet av opphavsrett. " +"Rijksmuseum oppfordrer moderne kunstnere til å bruke en Creative Commons-" +"lisens for sine arbeider, vanligvis en CC BY-SA-lisens (Attribution-" +"ShareAlike) eller en CC BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial) hvis de ønsker å " +"utelukke kommersiell bruk. På den måten kan verkene deres gjøres " +"tilgjengelig for publikum, men innenfor de grensene kunstnerne har angitt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7896 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" @@ -14669,7 +15079,7 @@ msgstr "" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7887 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -14681,9 +15091,18 @@ msgid "" "elaborate cabinet along with an oil painting by Jan Asselijn called The " "Threatened Swan.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Rijksmuseum mener at kunst stimulerer gründeraktivitet. Linjen mellom det " +"kreative og det kommersielle kan være uklart. Som Lizzy sier, var selv " +"Rembrandt kommersiell, og fikk sitt levebrød fra salg av egne malerier. " +"Rijksmuseum oppfordrer gründere til kommersiell bruk av bildene i " +"Rijksstudio. De samarbeider også med DIY-markedet Etsy for å inspirere folk " +"til å selge sine kreasjoner. Et markant eksempel finner du på Etsy er en " +"kimono designet av Angie Johnson, som brukte et bilde av en forseggjort " +"kabinett sammen med et oljemaleri av Jan Asselijn kalt The truet Swan." +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -14696,7 +15115,7 @@ msgstr "" "award-2015\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7912 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" @@ -14705,7 +15124,7 @@ msgstr "" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7874 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7899 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -14721,17 +15140,33 @@ msgid "" "to the weird to the inspirational. The third international edition of the " "Rijksstudio Award started in September 2016." msgstr "" +"I 2013 organisert Rijksmuseum sin første høyprofilerte designkonkurranse, " +"kjent som Rijksstudio-prisen.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Med " +"oppfordringen Make Your Own Masterpiece, inviterte konkurransen publikum til " +"å bruke Rijksstudios bilder til å lage nye kreative design. En jury av " +"kjente designere og medarbeidere ved museet valgte ut ti finalister og tre " +"vinnere. Den endelige belønningen var en premie på 10,000 €. Den andre " +"konkurransen i 2015 tiltrakk seg svimlende 892 førsteklasses bidrag. Noen " +"prisvinnere endte opp med å få sitt arbeid solgt gjennom Rijksmuseum-" +"butikken, som 2014-bidraget med sminke basert på et bestemt fargevalg fra et " +"kunstverk.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Rijksmuseum har vært " +"begeistret med resultatene. Bidragene spenner fra det morsomme til det " +"merkelige til det inspirerende. Den tredje internasjonale konkurransen om " +"Rijksstudio-prisen startet i September 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7918 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " "social elements so users can interact with each other more." msgstr "" +"For den neste versjonen av Rijksstudio, vurderer Rijksmuseum et " +"opplastingsverktøy der folk kan laste opp sine egne kunstverk, og et utvidet " +"sosiale elementer der brukere kan samarbeide mer med hverandre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7899 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -14740,9 +15175,14 @@ msgid "" "increased visits to their website from thirty-five thousand visits per month " "to three hundred thousand." msgstr "" +"En mer åpen forretningsmodell genererte mye publisitet for Rijksmuseum. De " +"var en av de første museene til å åpne sin samling (dvs gi gratis tilgang) " +"med bilder av høy kvalitet. Denne strategien, sammen med mange forbedringer " +"på Rijksmuseums nettsted, økte dramatisk besøket til fra trettifem tusen per " +"måned til trehundretusen besøk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7933 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -14755,9 +15195,18 @@ msgid "" "crane bird that was unknown to the scientific community at the time of the " "painting." msgstr "" +"Rijksmuseum har eksperimentert med andre måter å invitere publikum til å se " +"og samhandle med samlingen. På dyrenes internasjonale dag, gjennomførte de " +"et vellykket fugletema arrangement. Museet satt sammen en visning som " +"omfattet to tusen arbeider som viste fugler, og inviterte fuglekikkere til å " +"identifisere avbildede fugler. Lizzy bemerker at mens museumskuratorer vet " +"mye om verkene i samlingene, kan de ikke vite om visse detaljer i maleriene, " +"som fuglearter. Over åtte hundre forskjellige fugler ble identifisert, " +"inkludert en bestemt traneart som var ukjent for det vitenskapelige " +"samfunnet på det tidspunktet maleriet ble laget." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7946 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -14775,45 +15224,64 @@ msgid "" "experience: “Give away; get something in return. Generosity makes people " "happy to join you and help out.”" msgstr "" +"For Rijksmuseum var å vedta en åpen forretningsmodell skremmende. De kom opp " +"med mange i verste tilfelle, og forestilte seg alle typer av forferdelige " +"ting folk kan gjøre med museets verker. Men Lizzy sier at denne fykten ikke " +"ble noen realitet fordi \"nittini prosent av mennesker har respekt for stor " +"kunst.\" Mange museer tror de kan gjøre mye penger ved å selge ting knyttet " +"til samlingen sin. Men i Lizzys erfaring er at museer vanligvis er dårlig " +"på selge ting, og noen ganger blokkerer innsatsen for å generere en liten " +"mengde penger for noe mye større - den virkelige verdien samlingen har. For " +"Lizzy er å klamre seg til små inntekter nyttig for å tjene ører, men ikke " +"for kroner. Rijksmuseum har det vært en viktig lærdom å aldri miste av syne " +"sin visjon for samlingen. Å tillater tilgang og bruk har generert en stor " +"salgsfremmende verdi - langt mer enn den tidligere praksisen å kreve " +"betaling for tilgang og bruk. Lizzy oppsummerer sine erfaringer: \"Gi bort " +"og få noe i retur. Gavmildhet gjør at folk gjerne blir med og hjelper til.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7966 +#, fuzzy msgid "Shareable" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Shareable" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7969 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Shareable er en nettmagasin om deling. Etablert i 2009 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7973 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7975 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Stipendier, " +"folkefinansiering (prosjektbasert), donasjoner, sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7978 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 24. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7956 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7981 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\"> Intervjuet</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, medstifter " +"og administrerende redaktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7989 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -14824,9 +15292,17 @@ msgid "" "advocate for them. The magazine faced a choice: ride the wave or stand on " "principle." msgstr "" +"I 2013 møtte Shareable en blindgate. Denne nettbaserte nonprofit-" +"publikasjonen hjalp til med å starte en delingsbevegelse fire år tidligere, " +"men over tid de så en del av bevegelsen gå bort fra sine idealer. når " +"giganter som Uber og Airbnb vant terreng, begynte oppmerksomheten å senere " +"på \"delingsøkonomien\". Vi vet nå - profitt-drevet, bygd på transaksjoner " +"og lastet med risikokapital. Ledere i konsernetableringer på dette området " +"inviterte Shareable til å være talsrør for dem. Magasinet sto overfor et " +"valg: Å ri på bølgen, eller stå på prinsippet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8000 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -14837,9 +15313,18 @@ msgid "" "more. He wrote, “It’s not so much that collaborative consumption is dead, " "it’s more that it risks dying as it gets absorbed by the ‘Borg.’”" msgstr "" +"Som organisasjon besluttet Shareable å sette en strek. I 2013 skrev " +"medstifter og sjefsredaktør Neal Gorenflo et innlegg i PandoDaily som kartla " +"Shareables nye kritisk holdning til Silicon Valleys versjonen av " +"delingsøkonomien, i motsetning til viktige sider ved den virkelige " +"delingsøkonomien som programvare med åpen kildekode, deltakende " +"budsjettering (der borgere avgjør hvordan et offentlig budsjett blir brukt), " +"kooperativer og mer. Han skrev, «Det er ikke så mye at samarbeidet om " +"forbruk er dødt, det er mer å risikere døden etterhvert som det blir " +"absorbert av \"The Borg.\"»" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8012 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -14848,9 +15333,15 @@ msgid "" "small, mission-driven organization. We would never have been able to weather " "the criticism that Airbnb and Uber are getting now.”" msgstr "" +"Neal sa deres offentlige kritikk av konsernbasert delingsøkonomi definerte " +"hva Shareable var og er. Han tror ikke magasinet forsatt ville ha eksistert " +"om de hadde valgt annerledes. \"Har vi fått en annen type mottakere, men det " +"ville ha betydd slutten for oss,\" sa han. \"Vi er en liten, oppdragsdrevet " +"organisasjon. Vi ville aldri kunnet klart oss igjennom den kritikken som " +"Airbnb og Uber møter nå.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8021 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -14861,9 +15352,17 @@ msgid "" "magazine became the voice of the “real sharing economy” and continued to " "grow their audience." msgstr "" +"Interessant nok, er lidenskapelige tilhengere bare en liten del av " +"Shareables samlede publikum. De fleste er tilfeldige lesere som kommer over " +"en Shareable historie fordi den er knyttet til et prosjekt eller interesse " +"de har. Men å velge prinsipper fremover muligheten for henge i " +"frakkeskjøtene på de store konsern-aktørene på deleområdet reddet Shareables " +"troverdighet. Selv om de ble løsrevet fra den konsernbaserte " +"delingsøkonomien, ble nettmagasinet stemmen til den \"virkelige " +"delingsøkonomien\" og fortsatte med et voksende publikum." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8032 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -14874,9 +15373,17 @@ msgid "" "central to solving some of the major problems human beings face—resource " "inequality, social isolation, and global warming." msgstr "" +"Shareable er et blad, men innholdet de publiserer er et middel til å fremme " +"sin rolle som leder og katalysator for en bevegelse. Shareable ble leder i " +"bevegelsen i 2009. \"På den tiden var det en delingsbevegelse boblende under " +"overflaten, men ingen koblet prikkene,\" Neal sa. «Vi besluttet å gå inn i " +"det rommet og ta på oss denne rollen.» Det lille teamet bak nonprofit-" +"publikasjonen trodde virkelig at deling kunne bli sentralt for å løse noen " +"av de store problemene mennesker står overfor - ressursulikhet, sosial " +"isolasjon og global oppvarming." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8018 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8043 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. “We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes the " @@ -14887,9 +15394,17 @@ msgid "" "They particularly focus on how-to content that help their readers make " "changes in their own lives and communities." msgstr "" +"De har jobbet hardt for å finne måter å fortelle historier som viser ulike " +"grep for suksess. \"Vi ønsket å endre oppfatningen av hva som utgjør det " +"gode liv,\" sier Neal. Mens de startet med et svært bred fokus på deling " +"generelt, understreker de i dag historier om fysiske fellesskap som \"delte " +"byer\" (dvs. byområder som styres bærekraftig og kooperativt), så vel som " +"digitale plattformer som drives demokratisk. De fokuserer spesielt på " +"hvordan gjør-det-selv-innhold som hjelpe sine lesere til å gjøre endringer i " +"sine egne liv og samfunn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8054 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. “Particularly in content areas that are a " @@ -14903,9 +15418,20 @@ msgid "" "stories. Much of the content created by the network is licensed with " "Creative Commons." msgstr "" +"Mer enn halvparten av Shareables historier er skrevet av betalte " +"journalister som har kontrakt med bladet. \"Spesielt i områder som har en " +"prioritet for oss, ønsker vi virkelig å gå dypt og kontrollere kvaliteten,\" " +"sier Neal. Resten av innholdet er enten bidrag fra gjesteskribenter, ofte " +"kostnadsfritt eller eller skrevet av andre publikasjoner med sitt nettverk " +"av innholdsleverandører. Shareable er medlem av Post Growth Alliance, som " +"muliggjør deling av innhold og publikum i en stort og voksende gruppe av " +"hovedsakelig nonprofit-organisasjoner. Hver organisasjon får en sjanse til å " +"presentere historier for gruppen, og organisasjoner kan bruke og fremme " +"hverandres historier. Mye av innholdet som lages av nettverket er lisensiert " +"med Creative Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8068 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -14918,9 +15444,19 @@ msgid "" "It’s hard for us to measure the reach of other media properties, but most of " "the outlets who republish our work have much bigger audiences than we do.”" msgstr "" +"Alt Shareables originale innhold er publisert under Attribution-license (CC " +"BY), som betyr at det kan brukes til alle formål så fremt henvisning gis til " +"Shareable. Creative Commons-lisensiering er knyttet til Shareables visjon, " +"misjon og identitet. Det alene forklarer organisasjonens tilslutning til " +"lisensene for sitt innhold, men Neal mener CC-lisensiering hjelper dem å øke " +"sin rekkevidde. \"Ved å bruke CC-lisensiering,\" sa han, \"skjønte vi at ve " +"kan nå langt flere mennesker gjennom et formelt og uformelt nettverk av " +"republiserere eller forbindeler. Noe som definitivt har vært tilfelle. Det " +"er vanskelig for oss å måle rekkevidden for andre medier, men de fleste av " +"dem som publiserer vårt arbeid har mye større publikum enn vi har.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8082 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -14930,18 +15466,29 @@ msgid "" "Policies for Shareable Cities—are two of the biggest generators of traffic " "on their website." msgstr "" +"I tillegg til sine vanlige nyheter og kommentarer på nettet, har Shareable " +"også eksperimentert med publisering. I 2012, jobbet de med et tradisjonelt " +"forlag for å gi ut \"Share og Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in an " +"Age of Crisis.\" Den CC-lisensierte boken var tilgjengelig i trykt form for " +"kjøp eller gratis på nettet. Boken, sammen med deres CC-lisensierte guide " +"\"Policies for Shareable Cities\", er to av de største produsentene av " +"trafikk til hjemmesiden deres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8092 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " "a PDF version of the book was available for free. Shareable plans to offer " "the book in upcoming fund-raising campaigns." msgstr "" +"I 2016, publiserte Shareable selv en håndbok med Shareable historier kalt " +"slik: \"How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun\". Boken var tilgjengelig for " +"salg, mens en PDF-versjon av boken var tilgjengelig gratis. Shareable " +"planlegger å tilby boken i kommende pengeinnsamlingskampanjer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8074 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8099 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -14951,9 +15498,16 @@ msgid "" "hundred percent funded by their audience. Neal believes being fully " "community-supported will better represent their vision of the world." msgstr "" +"Denne siste bok er en av mange pengeinnsamlingseksperimenter Shareable har " +"gjennomført de siste årene. Foreløpig er Shareable primært finansiert av " +"tilskudd fra stiftelser, men de beveger seg aktivt mot en mer diversifisert " +"modell. De har organiserte sponsorer og arbeider med å utvide basen av " +"individuelle givere. Ideelt sett vil de til slutt være hundre prosent " +"finansiert av publikum. Neal mener å være fullt ut community-støttet " +"representerer deres visjon av verden bedre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8084 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8109 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. “We attract " @@ -14965,9 +15519,18 @@ msgid "" "horizon and imagine and create new worlds, but we also seek the comfort of " "hearth and home.”" msgstr "" +"For Shareable er suksess mye om deres innvirkning på verden. Dette gjelder " +"for Neal, men også for alle som arbeider for Shareable. \"Vi tiltrekke " +"lidenskapelige mennesker,\" sier Neal. Til tider, som betyr ansatte jobber " +"så hardt de brenne ut. Neal prøver å understreke deles teamet at en annen " +"del av suksess er gøy og tar vare på deg selv mens du gjør noe du elsker. " +"\"En sentral del av mennesker er at vi lengter etter å være på et stort " +"eventyr med mennesker vi elsker,\" sa han. \"Vi er en art som ser over " +"horisonten og tenke og skape nye verdener, men vi også søker komforten i " +"hjemmet.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -14977,9 +15540,16 @@ msgid "" "their $50,000 goal. Neal said the campaign helped them reach new people, but " "the vast majority of backers were people in their existing base." msgstr "" +"I 2013 kjørte Shareable sin første folkefinansieringskampanje for å starte " +"sitt Sharing Cities Network. Neal sa at de først var på vei til å mislykkes " +"stort. De kalte inn sine rådgivere i panikk og ba om hjelp. Rådet de fikk " +"var enkelt, \"Sitte på baken en stol og start samtaler.\" Det er nøyaktig " +"hva de gjorde, og de endte opp med å nå målet på $50.000. Neal sa kampanjen " +"hjalp dem med å nå nye mennesker, men de aller fleste støttespillere var " +"folk i deres eksisterende base." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8131 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -14987,9 +15557,13 @@ msgid "" "also invested resources into building relationships between their readers " "and supporters." msgstr "" +"For Neal symboliserte dette hvordan så mye av suksessen som kommer fra " +"relasjoner. Over tid, har Shareable investert tid og energi på forholdet til " +"lesere og tilhengere sine. De har også investert ressurser i å bygge " +"relasjoner mellom sine lesere og tilhengere." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -15005,57 +15579,76 @@ msgid "" "will publish a new CC-licensed book in 2017 filled with ideas for their " "network to implement." msgstr "" +"Shareable begynte huse arrangementer i 2010. Disse arrangementene var ment å " +"bringe videodelingssamfunnet sammen. Men over tid skjønte de at de kan nå " +"langt flere mennesker hvis de hjalp sine lesere til å lage egne " +"arrangementer. – «Hvis vi ønsket å gjøre det stort med en konferanse, var " +"det stor risiko og et stort bemanningsbehov, i tillegg til bare en brøkdel " +"av vårt samfunn kunne reise til hendelsen», sier Neal. Å aktivere andre til " +"å lage sine egne arrangementer over hele verden tillot dem å skalere opp " +"arbeidet mer effektivt og nå langt flere personer. Shareable har fremmet tre " +"hundre ulike arrangementer og nådd over tjue tusen mennesker siden de " +"gjennomførte denne strategien for tre år siden. I fortsettelsen fokuserer " +"Shareable på å lage og distribuere innhold som er ment å anspore til lokale " +"tiltak. For eksempel ville Shareable publisere en ny CC-lisensiert bok i " +"2017 fylt med ideer som nettverket kan gjennomføre." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8155 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" "size-fits-all approach, Shareable puts the tools out there for people take " "the ideas and adapt them to their own communities." msgstr "" +"Neal sier at Shareable snublet over denne strategien, men det synes å " +"perfekt å sammenfatte hvordan fellesskap ment for å fungere. I stedet for " +"en størrelse som skal passe for alle legger Shareable ut verktøy der folk " +"kan ta ideer og tilpasse dem til sine egne lokalsamfunn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8163 msgid "Siyavula" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Siyavula" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8166 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " "Africa." msgstr "" +"Siyavula er et fortjenestebasert pedagogisk-teknologi selskap som lager " +"lærebøker og integrerte læringsopplevelser. Grunnlagt i 2012 i Sør-Afrika." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8146 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8171 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8148 -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services" +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8173 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Betaling for tilpassede " -"tjenester, legatmidler" +"tjenester, sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8176 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" -msgstr "" +msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 5. april 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8178 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Mark Horner, " +"administrerende direktør" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -15063,18 +15656,27 @@ msgid "" "a pioneer in creating high-quality open textbooks on mathematics and science " "subjects for grades 4 to 12 in South Africa." msgstr "" +"Åpenhet er et viktig prinsipp for Siyavula. De tror at hver elev og lærer " +"skal ha tilgang til høykvalitets pedagogiske ressurser, da dette danner " +"grunnlag for langsiktig vekst og utvikling. Siyavula har vært en pioner i å " +"skape høykvalitets åpne lærebøker i matematikk og naturfag for fra fjerde " +"til tolvte klasse i Sør-Afrika." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " "times. Siyavula has significantly shifted directions and strategies to " "survive and prosper. Mark says it’s been very organic." msgstr "" +"Når det gjelder å skape en åpen forretningsmodell knyttet til Creative " +"Commons, har Siyavula og dens grunnlegger, Mark Horner måttet gå noen ganger " +"rundt kvartalet. Siyavula har tydelig skiftet retninger og strategier for å " +"overleve og blomstre. Mark sier det har vært veldig organisk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8175 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -15082,14 +15684,20 @@ msgid "" "to high-quality, comprehensive science and math textbooks, so Mark and his " "colleagues set out to write them and make them freely available." msgstr "" +"Det hele startet i 2002, da Mark og flere andre kolleger ved University of " +"Cape Town i Sør-Afrika grunnla det gratis prosjektet High School Science " +"Texts. De fleste studentene i Sør-Afrika videregående skoler hadde ikke " +"tilgang til utfyllende lærebøker med høy kvalitet i naturfag og matematikk, " +"så Mark og hans kolleger startet med å skrive dem og gjøre dem fritt " +"tilgjengelig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8186 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8211 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -15099,9 +15707,16 @@ msgid "" "Free High School Science Texts project produced math and physical-science " "textbooks for grades 10 to 12." msgstr "" +"Som fysikere var Mark og hans kolleger tilhengere av programvare med åpen " +"kildekode. For å lage åpne og gratis bøker, tok de i bruk Free Software " +"Foundations GNU Free Documentation License.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/> For å skrive bøkene valgte de LaTeX, et typesettingsprogram som " +"brukes til å publisere vitenskapelige dokumenter. Over en periode på fem år " +"produsert High School Science-prosjektet lærebøker i matematikk og " +"naturvitenskap for 10. til 12. klasse." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8217 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -15109,23 +15724,32 @@ msgid "" "the textbooks’ pedagogical content. This pleased both the authors and " "Shuttleworth; Mark remains incredibly proud of this accomplishment." msgstr "" +"I 2007 tilbød Shuttleworth Fundation finansieringsstøtte for å gjøre " +"lærebøker tilgjengelig for utprøving på flere skoler. Undersøkelser før og " +"etter lærebøker ble tatt i bruk viste ikke noen betydelig kritikk av " +"lærebøkenes pedagogiske innhold. Dette gledet både forfattere og " +"Shuttleworth. Mark er utrolig stolt av å ha oppnådd dette." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " "the printing and distribution options. A few sponsors came on board but not " "enough to meet the need." msgstr "" +"Men utviklingen av nye lærebøker frøs på dette stadiet. Merk flyttet hans " +"fokus til skoler på landsbygda, som ikke har lærebøker i det hele tatt, og " +"så på alternativene for trykking og distribusjon. Noen sponsorer dukket opp " +"men ikke mange nok til å møte behovet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8235 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8231 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -15135,9 +15759,16 @@ msgid "" "Mark to run a project writing open content for all subjects for K–12 in " "English. That project became Siyavula." msgstr "" +"I 2007 sammenkalte Shuttleworth og Open Society Institute en gruppe av åpen-" +"utdannings aktivister til et lite men livlig møte i Cape Town. Ett " +"resultatet var Cape Town Open Education Declaration, en erklæring om " +"prinsipper, strategier og engasjement for å hjelpe åpne-utdanningsbevegelsen " +"til å vokse.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Shuttleworth inviterte " +"også Mark til å gjennomføre et åpent innholdsprosjekt for alle fag i K-12 på " +"engelsk. Det prosjektet ble til Siyavula." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8240 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -15145,9 +15776,14 @@ msgid "" "was struck, and all the acquired content was licensed with Creative Commons, " "significantly expanding the collection beyond the six original books." msgstr "" +"De skrev seks orginale lærebøker. Et lite forlag tilbød Shuttleworth å kjøpe " +"forlagets K-9 innhold for alle fag i sørafrikanske skoler både på engelsk og " +"Afrikaans. En avtale ble inngått, og alt det ervervede innholdet ble " +"lisensiert med Creative Commons, en betydelig utvidelse i forhold til de " +"seks opprinnelige bøkene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8248 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -15161,14 +15797,25 @@ msgid "" "resources with Creative Commons licenses, thereby ensuring they were safe to " "share and free from legal repercussions." msgstr "" +"Mark ønsket å lage det gjenværende pensum i samarbeid gjennom " +"praksisfellesskap - med andre lærere og forfattere. Selv om deling er " +"fundamentalt i undervisning, kan det være noen utfordringer når du lager " +"pedagogiske ressurser kollektivt. En bekymring gjelder. Det er vanlig " +"praksis i utdanning å kopiere diagrammer og tekstutdrag, men selvfølgelig er " +"dette ikke alltid i samsvar med opphavsretten. En annen bekymring er " +"åpenhet. Deling av hva du har skrevet betyr at alle kan se det og du åpner " +"opp for kritikk. For å lette disse bekymringene, tok Mark i bruk en team-" +"basert tilnærming til redigering og insisterte på at pensum utelukkende " +"skulle være basert på ressurser med Creative Commons-lisenser, og dermed " +"trygge å dele, og fri fra juridiske tilbakeslag." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8242 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -15178,18 +15825,29 @@ msgid "" "teachers to use Connexions, but it proved to be too complex and the " "textbooks were rarely edited." msgstr "" +"Ikke bare ville Mark at ressursene skulle være delbare, han ville alle " +"lærere å remikse og redigere innholdet. Mark og hans team måtte komme opp " +"med et åpent redigerbart format og levere redigeringsverktøy. De endte opp " +"med å legge alle bøkene de hadde kjøpt og skrevet på en plattform som heter " +"Conexions.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Siyavula lærte opp mange " +"lærere til å bruke Connexions, men det viste seg for å være for komplisert " +"og lærebøker ble sjelden redigert." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8246 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8271 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " "Siyavula). As part of that transition in 2009–10, Mark inherited Siyavula as " "an independent entity and took ownership over it as a Shuttleworth fellow." msgstr "" +"Da besluttet Shuttleworth Fundation å helt restrukturere sitt arbeid som en " +"stiftelse til en fellesskapsmodell (av grunner helt uten tilknytning til " +"Siyavula). Som en del av denne overgangen i 2009-10, arvet Mark Siyavula som " +"en uavhengig enhet og tok eierskap over det som medlem av Shuttleworth." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -15198,9 +15856,15 @@ msgid "" "aggregated into a package and printed for them. These services never really " "panned out." msgstr "" +"Mark og hans team eksperimenterte med flere ulike strategier. De prøvde å " +"opprette en redigerings og vertskapsplattform kalt Full Marks, slik at " +"lærere kan dele vurderingstemaer. De prøvde å lage en tjeneste kalt Open " +"Press, der lærere kunne be om at åpne pedagogiske ressurser skulle " +"akkumuleres i en pakke og skrevet for dem. Disse tjenestene aldri virkelig " +"rullet ut." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8286 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -15209,9 +15873,15 @@ msgid "" "discouraged by open educational resources, they saw this as a big " "opportunity." msgstr "" +"Så nærmet den sørafrikanske regjeringen seg Siyavula med en interesse for å " +"skrive ut de opprinnelige seks Free High School Science Texts (lærebøker " +"matematikk og naturvitenskap lærebøker for 10-12 klasse) for alle high " +"school-elever i Sør-Afrika. Men på dette punktet Siyavula var litt " +"avskrekket av åpne pedagogiske ressurser, så de så dette som en stor " +"mulighet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8294 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -15220,9 +15890,15 @@ msgid "" "make the books available on their website, making it possible for learners " "to access them using any device—computer, tablet, or mobile phone." msgstr "" +"De begynte å oppfatte at seks bøker hadde et enormt markedsføringspotensial " +"for Siyavula. Å trykke Siyavula bøker til hver gutt i Sør-Afrika ville gi " +"merkevaren deres stor eksponering og kunne gi store mengder trafikk til " +"nettstedet deres. I tillegg til bøker, kan Siyavula også gjøre bøkene " +"tilgjengelige på hjemmesiden sin, og gjøre det mulig for elever å få tilgang " +"til dem fra alle enheter - datamaskin, nettbrett eller mobiltelefon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8303 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -15234,18 +15910,31 @@ msgid "" "individual needs of each learner. They called this service Intelligent " "Practice and embedded links to it in the open textbooks." msgstr "" +"Mark og teamet hans forestilte seg etterhvert hva de kunne utvikle, utover " +"det som var i lærebøker, som en tjeneste de tor betalt for. En viktig ting " +"du ikke kan gjøre i en trykt lærebok er å demonstrere løsninger. Vanligvis " +"gis det et enlinjers svar i slutten av boken, men ingenting om prosessen for " +"å komme frem til løsningen. Mark og hans team utviklet øvelseselementene og " +"detaljerte løsninger, og ga elever mange muligheter til å teste ut det de " +"har lært. Videre kunne en algoritme tilpasse disse øvelseselementene til de " +"individuelle behovene til hver enkelt elev. De kaller denne tjenesten " +"Intelligent Practice og lenker til den i de åpne lærebøkene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " "for large volumes and wide-scale use rather than an expensive product " "targeting only the high end of the market." msgstr "" +"Kostnadene for å bruke Intelligent Practices ble satt svært lavt, som gjøre " +"den tilgjengelig selv for de med begrenset økonomi. Siyavula gikk for store " +"volumer og bred bruk i stedet for et dyrt produkt rettet mot bare den mest " +"bemidlede delen av markedet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8322 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -15254,9 +15943,15 @@ msgid "" "using a different book, the primary market for Siyavula’s Intelligent " "Practice service inadvertently became low-income learners." msgstr "" +"Regjeringen distribuerte bøkene til 1,5 millioner studenter, men det var en " +"uventet mangel: Bøkene ble levert sent. I stedet for å vente, ga skoler som " +"hadde råd elevene en annen lærebok. Siyavula bøker ble til slutt " +"distribuert, men med velstående skoler hovedsakelig bruker en annen bok, ble " +"det primære markedet for Siyavula's Intelligent Practice-tjeneste " +"utilsiktet, lavinntektselever." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8331 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -15265,9 +15960,16 @@ msgid "" "math and science on a two-inch screen at all hours of the day. To Mark, it " "was quite amazing and spoke to a need they were servicing." msgstr "" +"Siyavulas nettsted så en dramatisk økning i trafikken. De fikk fem hundre " +"tusen besøkende per måned til sitt nettsted for matte og samme antall til " +"nettområdet deres for naturfag. Tofemtedeler av trafikken var lesing fra en " +"\"funksjonstelefon\" (en ikke smart mobil uten ingen apper). Folk med " +"basistelefoner lest matematikk og realfag på en to-tommers skjerm alle " +"døgnets timer. Det var helt fantastisk for Mark og vendte seg til et behov " +"de betjente." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8315 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8340 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -15276,18 +15978,28 @@ msgid "" "about product, but how you sell it, who the market is, what the price is, " "and what the barriers to entry are." msgstr "" +"Først, Intelligent Practice-tjenestene kan bare betales med et kredittkort. " +"Dette viste seg problematisk, særlig for dem i den lavinntektsgruppene, der " +"kredittkort ikke var utbredt. Mark sier Siyavula tidlig fikk en hard lekse " +"i forretningsmodell. Som han beskriver det, deter ikke bare om produktet, " +"men hvordan du selger den, hvem markedet er, hva prisen er og hva som er " +"barrierene for bruk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8349 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " "where you can offer a related service and convert some people into a paid " "customer." msgstr "" +"Mark beskriver dette som den første versjonen av Siyavulas " +"forretningsmodell: Åpne lærebøker som markedsføringsmateriale og trafikk til " +"nettstedet ditt, der du kan tilby en relaterte tjeneste, og konvertere noen " +"til å bli en betalende kunde." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8330 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8355 #, fuzzy msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " @@ -15306,7 +16018,7 @@ msgstr "" "uten å legge noen til verdien av det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8339 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8364 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -15317,9 +16029,17 @@ msgid "" "and big schools have a price cap. A 40 percent discount is offered to " "schools where both the science and math departments subscribe." msgstr "" +"Versjon 2 av Siyavulas forretningsmodell var en stor, ambisiøse idé-" +"oppskalering. De besluttet også å selge tjenesten Intelligent Practice-" +"tjenesten direkte til skolene. Skolene kan abonnere på en per-elev, per-emne " +"basis. Et enkelt abonnement gir en elev tilgang til ett enkelt emne, " +"inkludert tilgjengelig praksisinnhold for hvert klassetrinn for dette emnet. " +"Det tilbys lavere abonnementpriser når det er over to hundre studenter, og " +"store skoler har en pristak. 40 prosent rabatt tilbys skoler der både " +"naturfag- og matematikk-avdelingene abonnerer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8375 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -15328,9 +16048,15 @@ msgid "" "dashboard, where they can view the sections they’ve practiced, how many " "points they’ve earned, and how their performance is improving." msgstr "" +"Lærere får et skjermbilde som tillater dem å overvåke fremdriften for en hel " +"klasse eller vise en enkeltelevs resultater. De kan se spørsmål som elevene " +"arbeider med, identifisere problemer og være mer strategiske i " +"undervisningen. Elevene har også sitt eget personlige skjermbilde, hvor de " +"kan vise seksjonene de har brukt, hvor mange poeng de har tjent, og hvordan " +"ytelsen deres blir bedret." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8384 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -15338,14 +16064,19 @@ msgid "" "math and science books were reworked each year, and new books created for " "grades 4 to 6 and later grades 7 to 9." msgstr "" +"Basert på suksessen med dette arbeidet, besluttet Siyavula å øke " +"produksjonen av åpne pedagogiske ressurser slik at de kunne levere tjenesten " +"Intelligent Practice for bredere tilbud av bøker. Bøkene for 10 til 12 " +"klasse i matematikk og realfag ble omarbeidet hvert år, og nye bøker laget " +"for klassen 4 til 6 og senere for klasse 7 til 9." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8395 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -15353,9 +16084,14 @@ msgid "" "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It’s a complete curriculum that also comes with " "teacher’s guides and other resources." msgstr "" +"I samarbeid med, og sponset av, Sasol Inzalo Foundation, har Siyavula " +"produsert en rekke arbeidsbøker for naturvitenskap og teknologi 4 til 6 " +"klasse, kalt Thunderbolt Kids som bruker en morsom tegneseriestil. " +"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Det er et komplett pensum som også " +"har med lærerens veiledninger og andre ressurser." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8399 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -15365,9 +16101,16 @@ msgid "" "brand got. For roughly $150,000, their logo would be visible on books " "distributed to over one million students." msgstr "" +"Gjennom denne erfaringen lærte Siyavula at de kunne få sponsorer til å " +"finansiere åpent lisensierte lærebøker. Det hjalp at Siyavula på denne tiden " +"hadde spikret produksjonsmodellen. Det koster omtrent $150.000 til å " +"produsere en bok på to språk. Sponsorer likte den sosiale nytten av " +"lærebøker låst opp med en Creative Commons-lisens. De likte også " +"eksponeringen deres merkevare fikk. For omtrent $150.000, vil logoen deres " +"være synlig på bøker distribuert til over en million elever." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8384 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8409 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -15376,9 +16119,14 @@ msgid "" "Attribution license (CC BY), allowing others to modify and redistribute the " "books." msgstr "" +"Siyavula-bøkene, gjennomgått, godkjent og merket av regjeringen, er fritt og " +"åpent tilgjengelig på Siyavulas hjemmeside under en Attribution-NoDerivs " +"license (CC BY-ND) - NoDerives betyr at disse bøkene ikke kan endres. Ikke-" +"regjeringsmerkede bøker er tilgjengelige med en Attribution license (CC BY), " +"slik at andre kan modifisere og redistribuere bøkene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8417 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -15389,9 +16137,17 @@ msgid "" "free to every child in the country. But after a lengthy negotiation, the " "government said no." msgstr "" +"Selv om den sørafrikanske regjeringen betalte for å trykke og distribuere " +"papirkopier av bøkene til skolebarn, mottok ikke Siyavula selv noen " +"finansiering fra regjeringen. Siyavula prøvde først å overbevise " +"myndighetene om å gi dem fem rand per bok (omkring 35 US cent). Med disse " +"pengene, sier Mark at Siyavula kunne ha kjørt hele operasjonen, bygget en " +"fellesskap-basert modell for å produsere flere bøker, og gi Intelligent " +"Practice til alle barn i landet. Men etter en lengre forhandling sa " +"regjeringen nei." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8428 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -15401,9 +16157,16 @@ msgid "" "Mark thinks this may have turned out in their favor as it allowed them to " "remain independent from the government." msgstr "" +"Å bruke Siyavula bøker generert store besparelser for regjeringen. Å gi " +"elevene en tradisjonelt publisert lærebok for 12 klasse i naturfag eller " +"matte koster rundt 250 rand per bok (rundt US $18). Å gi eleven Siyavula-" +"versjonen koster rundt 36 rand (ca $2,60), en besparelse på over 200 rand " +"per bok. Men ingen av de besparelsene ble gitt videre til Siyavula. I " +"ettertid mener Mark at dette kan ha slått ut i deres egen favør ettersom det " +"tillot det dem å forbli uavhengige av regjeringen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8438 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -15411,9 +16174,14 @@ msgid "" "for each grade and each subject. There was no guarantee that Siyavula’s " "would be chosen. This scared away potential sponsors." msgstr "" +"Akkurat da Siyavula planla å skalere opp produksjon av åpne lærebøker enda " +"mer, endret den sørafrikanske regjeringen sin lærebok politikk. For å spare " +"kostnader, erklærte regjeringen det bare ville være en eneste autoriserte " +"lærebok for hver klasse og hvert emne. Det var ingen garanti for at " +"Siyavulas ville bli valgt. Dette skremt bort mulige sponsorer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8421 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8446 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -15424,18 +16192,29 @@ msgid "" "Pierre Omidyar and his spouse), and continues to be the model Siyavula uses " "today." msgstr "" +"I stedet for å produsere flere lærebøker, fokuserte Siyavula på å forbedre " +"sin Intelligent Practice-teknologi til sine eksisterende bøker. Mark kaller " +"denne versjonen tre av Siyavulas forretningsmodell - fokus på teknologi som " +"gir tjenesten inntekter og gir flere brukere av denne tjenesten. Versjon 3 " +"økte betydelig i 2014 etter en investering av Omidyar Network (med " +"filantropisk risikokapital startet av eBay grunnlegger Pierre Omidyar og " +"hans ektefelle), og fortsetter å være den modellen Siyavula bruker i dag." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8457 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" "announced policy that there would be only one textbook per subject turned " "out to be highly contentious and is in limbo." msgstr "" +"Mark sier salget er på vei oppover, og de er virkelig festet til Intelligent " +"Practice. Skolene fortsetter å bruke sine åpne lærebøker. Politikken " +"regjeringen kunngjorde, at det bare skulle være en lærebok per fag, viste " +"seg å være svært omstridt, og svever i uvisshet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8464 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -15443,9 +16222,14 @@ msgid "" "Africa, and setting up a consortium that makes Intelligent Practice free to " "all kids by selling the nonpersonal data Intelligent Practice collects." msgstr "" +"Siyavula utforsker en rekke forbedringer til sin forretningsmodell. Disse " +"inkluderer betaling av et lite beløp for vurderingstjenester over telefon, " +"diversifisering av sitt markedet til alle engelsktalende land i Afrika, og å " +"sette opp et konsortium som gjør Intelligent Practice gratis til alle barn " +"ved å selge ikke-personlige data som samles av Intelligent Practice." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8472 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -15459,26 +16243,38 @@ msgid "" "terms of open business models, Mark and Siyavula may have been around the " "block a few times, but both he and the company are stronger for it." msgstr "" +"Siyavula er en foretak for fortjeneste men med sosiale oppgaver. Deres " +"aksjeeieravtale lister mange krav om åpenhet for Siyavula, inkludert krav at " +"innholdet alltid legges inn under en åpen lisens, og at de ikke tar betalt " +"for noe som folk frivillig gjør for dem. De mener at den enkelte skal ha " +"tilgang til de ressurser og den støtte de trenger for å få utdanningen de " +"fortjener. Å har læringsressurser åpent lisensiert med Creative Commons " +"betyr de kan oppfylle sin sosiale oppgave, i tillegg til de kan de bygge " +"inntektsgivende tjenester for å opprettholde kontinuerlig drift av Siyavula. " +"I åpne forretningsmodeller, har Mark og Siyavula måttet gå rundt huset noen " +"ganger, men både han og selskapet er blitt sterkere av det." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8488 msgid "SparkFun" -msgstr "" +msgstr "SparkFun" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8491 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" +"SparkFun er en nettbasert elektronikkforhandler som spesialiserer seg på " +"åpen maskinvare. Grunnlagt i 2003 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8495 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8497 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" @@ -15487,19 +16283,20 @@ msgstr "" "kopier (elektroniske salg)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8500 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 29. februar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8503 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, grunnlegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8511 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -15507,18 +16304,27 @@ msgid "" "their LilyPad wearable technology being made by someone else. His reaction " "was glee." msgstr "" +"SparkFuns grunnlegger og tidligere administrerende direktør Nathan Seidle " +"har et bilde av seg selv der han holder opp en klone av et SparkFun " +"produktet på et elektronikkmarked i Kina, med et stort smil på ansiktet " +"sitt. Han var på reise i Kina da han kom over deres LilyPad bærbarteknologi " +"laget av noen andre. Hans reaksjon var fryd." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518 msgid "" "“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan said. " "“I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we were never " "going to get access to otherwise. It was evidence of our impact on the " "world.”" msgstr "" +"\"Å bli kopiert er den største kjennetegnet på smiger og suksess,\" sa " +"Nathan. \"Jeg trodde det var så kult at de selger til et marked vi var aldri " +"kommer til å få tilgang til ellers. Det var bevis på vår påvirkning i verden." +"\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8524 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -15527,9 +16333,15 @@ msgid "" "schematics, images, tutorial content, and curricula, so anyone can make " "their products on their own. Being copied is part of the design." msgstr "" +"Dette syn på verden preger alt SparkFun gjør. SparkFun er en " +"elektronikkprodusent. Selskapet selger sine produkter direkte til publikum " +"på nettet, og fyller dem med pedagogiske verktøy for å selge til skoler og " +"lærere. SparkFun bruker Creative Commons-lisenser til alle skjemaer, " +"bilder, opplæringsinnhold og læreplaner, slik at alle kan lage sine " +"produkter på egenhånd. Å bli kopiert er en del av designet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8508 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our " "natural human instinct to share,” he said. But he also strongly believes it " @@ -15538,17 +16350,26 @@ msgid "" "release. This forces the company to compete on something other than product " "design, or what most commonly consider their intellectual property." msgstr "" +"Nathan mener at åpen lisensiering er bra for verden. \"Det berører vårt " +"naturlige menneskelige instinkt å dele,\" sa han. Men han mener også sterkt " +"at det gjør SparkFun bedre på hva de gjør. De oppfordrer til kopiering, og " +"deres produkter er kopiert med stor hastighet, ofte innen ti-tolv uker etter " +"utgivelsen. Dette tvinger selskapet til å konkurrere på noe annet enn " +"produktdesign, eller hva de vanligvis vurderer som sitt åndsverk." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8517 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 msgid "" "“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your territory " "with intellectual property allows you to get comfy and rest on your laurels. " "It gives you a safety net. We took away that safety net.”" msgstr "" +"\"Vi konkurrere på forretningsprinsipper,\" sier Nathan. \"Å kreve ditt " +"territorium som åndsverk tillater deg å bli komfortabel og hvile på dine " +"laurbær. Det gir deg et sikkerhetsnett. Vi tok bort det sikkerhetsnettet.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8548 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. “Our products are so much better than they were five years " @@ -15558,9 +16379,16 @@ msgid "" "because we had to in order to compete. As painful as it is for us, it’s " "better for the customers.”" msgstr "" +"Resultatet er et intenst fokus i hele firmaet på produktutvikling og " +"forbedring. \"Våre produkter er så mye bedre enn de var fem år siden,\" sier " +"Nathan. \"Vi pleide å bare selge produkter. Nå er det et produkt pluss en " +"video, sytten-siders oppkoblingsguide og eksempel på maskinvare til tre " +"forskjellige plattformer for å få deg igang og kjøre raskere. Vi har blitt " +"bedre fordi vi måtte for å kunne konkurrere. Så smertefullt som det er for " +"oss, er det bedre for kundene.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8558 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -15570,9 +16398,15 @@ msgid "" "property] barriers,” Nathan said. “This is the stuff they should be " "competing on.”" msgstr "" +"SparkFun er tilgjengelig på eBay til lavere priser. Men folk kommer direkte " +"til SparkFun fordi SparkFun gjør livet enklere. Eksempelkoden fungerer. Det " +"er et service-nummer å ringe; de levere erstatningsdeler på dagen når de får " +"en servicehenvendelse. De investerer tungt i service og støtte. \"Jeg ikke " +"tror bedrifter skal konkurrere med IP[åndsverks]-barrierer,\" sier Nathan. " +"\"Det er tingene det skulle være konkurranse om.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8567 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -15583,9 +16417,17 @@ msgid "" "reselling products out of his bedroom. After he graduated, he started making " "and selling his own products." msgstr "" +"Sparkfuns selskapshistorie begynte i Nathan's collegehybel. Han tilbrakte " +"mye tid med å eksperimentere med og bygge elektronikk, og han skjønte det " +"var et tomrom i markedet. \"Hvis du ønsket å bestille noe,\" sa han, \"måtte " +"du først søke langt og bredt for å finne det, og deretter måtte du ringe " +"eller fakse noen.\" I 2003 i sitt tredje år på college, registrerte han " +"<ulink url=\"http://sparkfun.com\"/> og startet med videresalg av produkter " +"fra soverommet sitt. Etter at han ble uteksaminert, begynte han å lage og " +"selge sine egne produkter." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8578 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -15594,9 +16436,15 @@ msgid "" "simple terms. SparkFun still uses CC licenses for all of the schematics and " "firmware for the products they create." msgstr "" +"Så snart han startet med å designe sine egne produkter, la la han ut " +"programvaren og skjemaer på nette for å hjelpe til med teknisk kundestøtte. " +"Etter noen undersøkelser om lisensbetingelser, valgte han Creative Commons " +"lisenser fordi han ble trukket til \"for mennesker lesbare avtaler\" som " +"forklarte lisensvilkårene i klartekst. SparkFun bruker fortsatt CC lisenser " +"for alle skjemaer og maskinvare til produktene de lager." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -15605,9 +16453,15 @@ msgid "" "also partner with Arduino (also profiled in this book) by manufacturing " "boards for resale using Arduino’s brand." msgstr "" +"Selskapet har vokst fra et soloprosjekt til et konsern med 140 medarbeidere. " +"I 2015 hadde SparkFun 33 millioner dollar i inntekter. Å selge komponenter " +"og dingser til hobbyformål, profesjonelle, og kunstnere er fortsatt en " +"viktig del av Sparkfuns virksomhet. De selger sine egne produkter, men de " +"også samarbeide med Arduino (også presentert i denne boken) med produksjon " +"av brett for videresalg under Arduinos merke." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8596 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -15615,17 +16469,26 @@ msgid "" "and fix their products on their own, the more recent focus on introducing " "young people to technology is a natural extension of their core business." msgstr "" +"SparkFun har også en utdanningavdeling som har til oppgave å fokusere på å " +"lage en helt konkret læreplan for å lære elevene om elektronikk ved å bruke " +"prototype-deler. Fordi SparkFun har alltid vært konsentrert om å gjøre andre " +"i stand til å gjenskape og reparere sine produkter på egenhånd, er det " +"senere fokuset på å innføre unge i teknologi en naturlig forlengelse av " +"kjernevirksomheten." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8604 msgid "" "“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,” Nathan said. “Our goal is to affect the lives of three " "hundred and fifty thousand high school students by 2020.”" msgstr "" +"\"Vi har byrden og muligheten til å utdanne den neste generasjonen av " +"tekniske borgere,\" sier Nathan. \"Vårt mål er å påvirke livene til tre " +"hundre og femti tusen videregående elever i 2020.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8610 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -15636,9 +16499,17 @@ msgid "" "provide credit and make any adaptations available under the same licensing " "terms." msgstr "" +"At Creative Commons-lisensen ligger under alle Sparkfuns produkter er " +"sentralt i dette oppdraget. Lisensen signaliserer ikke bare en vilje til å " +"dele, men det uttrykker også et ønske om at andre går inn og flikker med " +"deres produkter, både for å lære og å lage produktene deres bedre. SparkFun " +"bruker Attribution-ShareAlike lisens (CC BY-SA), som er en \"copyleft\" " +"lisens som tillater folk å gjøre hva som helst med innholdet, så lenge de " +"gir henvisning og gjøre eventuelle tilpasninger tilgjengelige under de samme " +"lisensvilkårene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8596 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8621 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -15648,9 +16519,16 @@ msgid "" "products. They offer public tours of the space several times a week, and " "they open their doors to the public for a competition once a year." msgstr "" +"Fra begynnelsen, har Nathan forsøkt å lage et arbeidsmiljø på SparkFun som " +"han selv ønsker å arbeide i. Resultatet er hva som synes å være en ganske " +"morsom arbeidsplass. Det amerikanske selskapet ligger i Boulder, Colorado. " +"De har et åttitusen kvadratfot stort anlegg (omtrent syvtusenfirehundre " +"kvadratmeter), der de designer og produserer sine produkter. De tilbyr " +"offentlig turer i anlegget flere ganger i uken, og de åpner sine dører for " +"publikum til en konkurranse en gang i året." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8632 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -15663,9 +16541,19 @@ msgid "" "to-face contact with our customers.” The event infuses their work with a " "human element, which makes it more meaningful." msgstr "" +"Den offentlig begivenheten kalles Autonomous Vehicle Competition, og bringer " +"fra tusen til to tusen kunder og andre teknologi-entusiaster fra området " +"rundt til å kjøre sine egne selvlagde roboter mot hverandre, trene i " +"arbeidsgrupper og bli kjent. Fra et bedriftsperspektiv sier Nathan dette er " +"en forferdelig idé. Men de arrangerer ikke begivenheten av " +"forretningsårsaker. \"Grunnen til at vi gjør det er fordi jeg får reise og " +"ha kontakt med kundene våre hele tiden, mens de fleste av våre ansatte får " +"ikke det,\" sa han. \"Denne hendelsen gir ansatte mulighet til å få ansikt " +"til ansikt kontakt med kundene våre.\" Hendelsen fyller arbeidet deres med " +"et menneskelig element, som gjør det mer meningsfylt." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8646 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -15675,9 +16563,16 @@ msgid "" "brightest and most amazing employees because they aren’t singularly focused " "on the bottom line." msgstr "" +"Nathan har jobbet hardt for å gi en dypere mening i arbeidet SparkFun gjør. " +"Selskapet er, selvfølgelig, fokusert på å være skattemessig ansvarlig, men " +"de til når alt kommer til alt drevet av noe annet enn penger. \"Fortjeneste " +"er ikke målet. Det er resultatet av en godt gjennomført plan,\" sier Nathan. " +"\"Vi fokusere på å ha en større innvirkning på verden.\" Nathan mener de får " +"noen av de smarteste og mest fantastiske ansatte fordi de ikke bare er " +"fokusert på bunnlinjen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8656 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -15685,9 +16580,14 @@ msgid "" "company, and they work to ensure people coming to their site don’t find only " "unchanging content." msgstr "" +"Selskapet er forpliktet til åpenhet og deler all sine økonomiopplysninger " +"med sine ansatte. De ønsker også å unngå å bli en enda en sjelløs " +"korporation. De prøver aktivt å vise menneskene bak selskapet, og de " +"arbeider for å sikre at folk ikke bare finner et uforanderlig innhold når de " +"kommer til nettområdet deres." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8663 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -15698,9 +16598,16 @@ msgid "" "listening to the community,” Nathan said. “Customers would identify a pain " "point, and we would design something to address it.”" msgstr "" +"Sparkfuns kundebase består hovedsakelig av flittige elektronikk entusiaster. " +"De har kunder som er i regelmessig kontakt med selskapets kundeservice, på " +"egen hånd svarer på spørsmål i fora og på side med produktkommentar. Kunder " +"bringer også produktideer til selskapet. SparkFun går regelmessig igjennom " +"forslag fra kunder og forsøker å bygge på dem der de kan. \"Fra begynnelsen, " +"har vi lyttet til fellesskapet,\" sa Nathan. \"Kundene vil identifisere et " +"smertepunkt, og vi vil designe noe for å a seg av det.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8650 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8675 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -15710,9 +16617,16 @@ msgid "" "relatively untouched by the public. “There is a theory that if you open-" "source it, they will come,” Nathan said. “That’s not really true.”" msgstr "" +"Men denne typen kundedeltakelse fører ikke alltid til at folk aktivt bidrar " +"til Sparkfuns prosjekter. Selskapet har et felles kildebrønn med " +"programvarekode på nettet til hver av sine enheter. I et spesielt aktivt " +"prosjekt, vil det bare være rundt to dusin mennesker som bidrar med " +"betydelige forbedringer. Den store majoriteten av prosjekter er relativt " +"uberørt av publikum. \"Det er en teori om at hvis du åpner kildekoden, vil " +"de komme,\" sa Nathan. \"Som virkelig ikke er sant.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8661 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -15721,9 +16635,16 @@ msgid "" "independently. “What gives me joy is when people take open-source layouts " "and then build their own circuit boards from our designs,” Nathan said." msgstr "" +"Heller enn å fokusere på samskaping med sine kunder, fokuserer SparkFun i " +"stedet på å få folk til å kopiere, fikse, og forbedre produktene på " +"egenhånd. De investerer tungt i veiledninger og annet materiale som hjelper " +"folk forstår hvordan produktene fungerer, slik at de selv kan fikse og " +"forbedre ting. \"Det gir meg glede er når folk tar et oppsett fra åpen " +"kildekode og deretter bygger sine egne kretskort ut fra våre design,\" sier " +"Nathan." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8695 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -15736,53 +16657,72 @@ msgid "" "them a more nimble, innovative business. In other words, it makes them the " "kind of company they set out to be." msgstr "" +"Selvfølgelig er å åpne designet av produktene deres nødvendig hvis målet " +"deres er å gi offentligheten større innflytelse. Nathan mener bestemt det " +"gir dem større inntekter, fordi det krever at de fokusere på hvordan de kan " +"levere maksimal verdi. I stedet for å designe et nytt produkt og beskytter " +"det, for å trekke ut så mye penger som mulig, gir de fra seg de nøklene som " +"skal til for at andre kan bygge det selv og bruker deretter selskapets tid " +"og ressurser på innovasjon og service. I et kortsiktig perspektiv, kan " +"SparkFun miste et par dollar når andre kopierer deres produkter. Men i det " +"lange løp, gjør det dem til en kvikkere, mer innovativ bedrift. Med andre " +"ord, det gjør dem det et slikt selskapet de satt ut for å være." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8709 +#, fuzzy msgid "TeachAIDS" -msgstr "" +msgstr "TeachAIDS" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8687 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8712 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." "S." msgstr "" +"TeachAIDS er et non-profit selskap som lager pedagogisk materiell for å lære " +"folk over hele verden om HIV og AIDS. Grunnlagt i 2005 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8717 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8719 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" -msgstr "" +msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: Sponsing" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8721 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" -msgstr "" +msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjudato</emphasis>: 24 mars 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8699 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8724 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\"> intervjuet</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, " +"administrerende direktør og Shuman Ghosemajumder, styret" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8732 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " "Corporations pay to have their logos appear on the educational materials " "TeachAIDS distributes." msgstr "" +"TeachAIDS er et ukonvensjonelt medieselskap med en konvensjonelle " +"inntektesmodell. Som de fleste medieselskaper, er de subsidiert med reklame. " +"Selskaper betaler for å ha sine logoer på utdanningsmaterialet TeachAIDS " +"distribuerer." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8738 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -15795,9 +16735,18 @@ msgid "" "customs. All content is free and made available under a Creative Commons " "license." msgstr "" +"Men i motsetning til de fleste medieselskaper, er TeachAIDS er en ideell " +"organisasjon med en rent sosial misjon. TeachAIDS er dedikert til å utdanne " +"den globale befolkningen om HIV og AIDS, spesielt i deler av verden hvor " +"utdanninginnsats historisk har vært mislykket. Utdanningsinnholdet deres " +"formidles med interaktiv programvare som bruker metoder basert på den nyeste " +"forskningen om hvordan folk lærer. TeachAIDS gir innhold til mer enn åtti " +"land over hele verden. I hvert tilfelle, er innholdet oversatt til det " +"lokale språket og tilpasset for å samsvare med lokale normer og skikker. Alt " +"innhold er gratis og gjort tilgjengelig under en Creative Commons-lisens." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8751 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -15816,9 +16765,25 @@ msgid "" "other mass-media campaigns, which meant people were only receiving bits and " "pieces of information." msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746 +"TeachAIDS bygger på nestekjærligheten til grunnlegger og administrerende " +"direktør Piya Sorcar, som lønnes med en dollar i dette ideelle foretaket. " +"Prosjektet vokste ut fra forskning hun utførte mens hun arbeidet med sin " +"doktorgrad ved Stanford University. Hun leste rapporter om India, og merket " +"seg at det ville bli den neste vekstområde for mennesker med HIV. Til tross " +"for internasjonale og nasjonale organisasjoner brukte hundrevis av millioner " +"dollar på HIV-forebyggende arbeid, viste rapportene kunnskapsnivået fortsatt " +"var lavt. For eksempel var folk ikke klar over om viruset kunne overføres " +"via hoste og nysing. Støttet av et tverrfaglig team av eksperter ved " +"Stanford, gjennomført Piya lignende studier, som bekreftet tidligere " +"forskning. De fant at den primære årsaken til begrenset forståelse var at " +"HIV, og problemer knyttet til det, ofte ble betraktet som for tabu å " +"diskutere fullt ut. Det andre store problemet var at det meste av " +"utdanningen om dette emnet skjedde gjennom TV-reklame, reklametavler og " +"andre kampanjer i massemedia, noe som betydde folk bare fikk bruddstykker av " +"informasjon." + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -15830,17 +16795,29 @@ msgid "" "and worked toward creating an effective, culturally appropriate education,” " "Piya said." msgstr "" +"Sent i 2005, brukte Piya og hennes team forskningsbasert design for å skape " +"nytt pedagogisk materiell og jobbet med lokale partnere i India for å " +"distribuere det. Så snart den animerte programvaren var postet på nettet, " +"fikk Piya's team forespørsler fra enkeltpersoner og regjeringer som var " +"interessert i å ta i bruk denne modellen til flere land. \"Vi skjønte raskt " +"at å utdanne store befolkningsgrupper om et emne som var ansett for å være " +"tabu, ville være utfordrende. Vi gikk i gang med å identifisere passende " +"lokale partnere, og jobbet for å skape en effektiv, kulturelt tilpasset " +"utdanning,\" sa Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8783 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " "decided to use Creative Commons licenses on the materials." msgstr "" +"Like etter den første utgivelsen, besluttet Piya's team å ta med sin oppgave " +"til en uavhengig, ideell organisasjon fra Stanford University. De besluttet " +"også å bruke Creative Commons lisenser på materialet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8789 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -15854,9 +16831,20 @@ msgid "" "exact problem. It has allowed us to scale our materials safely and quickly " "worldwide while preserving our content and protecting us at the same time.”" msgstr "" +"Med sine pedagogiske formål hadde TeachAIDS en tydelig interesse for å få " +"materialet delt så mye som mulig. Men de trengte også å sikre integriteten " +"til den medisinske informasjon i innholdet. De valgte Attribution-" +"NonCommercial-NoDerivs-lisensen (CC BY-NC-ND), som i hovedsak ga publikum " +"rett til distribuere bare ordrette kopier av innholdet, og for ikke-" +"kommersielt formål. \"Vi ønsket henvisning til TeachAIDS, og vi ikke kunne " +"stå bak derivater uten etter en kritisk gjennomgang,\" sa medstifter Shuman " +"Ghosemajumder fra styret. \"Det det krevde lite tenking å gå for en CC-" +"lisens fordi det var en plug and play løsning på akkurat dette problemet. " +"Det har tillatt oss å skalere opp våre materiale raskt , sikkert og globalt " +"og samtidig bevare innhold vårt og beskytte oss samtidig.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8779 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8804 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -15865,9 +16853,15 @@ msgid "" "quality content is what matters most to us,” Piya said. “Research drives " "everything we do.”" msgstr "" +"Å velge en lisens som ikke tillater tilpasning av innholdet, var en " +"fremvekst ut fra den forsiktige presisjonen som TeachAIDS behandler sitt " +"innhold med. Organisasjonen investerer tungt i forskning og testing for å " +"bestemme den beste metoden for å formidle informasjon. \"Å lage innhold med " +"høy kvalitet er det som betyr mest for oss,\" sa Piya. \"Forskning styrer " +"alt vi gjør.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8787 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8812 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -15876,9 +16870,15 @@ msgid "" "the animated software. The celebrities involved vary for each localized " "version of the materials." msgstr "" +"Et viktig funn var at folk aksepterer budskapet best når det kommer fra " +"velkjente stemmer de stoler på og beundrer. For å oppnå dette, undersøker " +"TeachAIDS kulturelle ikoner som best ville appellere til målgruppene deres " +"plug and play og rekrutterer dem til å donere sin likhet og stemmer til bruk " +"den i animerte programvaren. De involverte kjendisene varierer for hver " +"lokale versjon av materialet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8796 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8821 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -15892,9 +16892,20 @@ msgid "" "significant changes, like creating gendered versions for places where people " "are more likely to accept information from someone of the same gender." msgstr "" +"Lokalisering er trolig det alene det viktigste aspektet når TeachAIDS lager " +"innholdet. Mens hver regionale versjon bygger på den samme kjernen av " +"vitenskapelig materialer, legger de mye ressurser inn i å tilpasse innholdet " +"til en bestemt populasjon. Fordi de bruker en CC-lisens som ikke tillater " +"publikum til å tilpasse innholdet, fører TeachAIDS nøye kontroll med " +"lokaliseringsprosessen. Innholdet oversettes til det lokale språket, men det " +"er også endringer i stoff og formatet for å reflektere kulturelle " +"forskjeller. Denne prosessen resulterer i mindre endringer, som å velger " +"ulike uttrykk basert på det lokale språket, og betydelige endringer, som å " +"lage ulike versjoner etter kjønn for områder der hvor folk sannsynligvis " +"lettere mottar informasjon fra noen av det samme kjønn." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8811 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -15909,9 +16920,21 @@ msgid "" "their standards. For the Tibetan version, they went through this cycle " "eleven times." msgstr "" +"Lokaliseringsprosessen er avhengig av frivillige. Deres gruppe med " +"frivillige er sterkt forpliktet til saken, og organisasjonen har vært " +"heldigere med kvalitetskontrollen på materialet når de hører på frivillige " +"isteden for betalte oversettere. Til kvalitetskontroll har TeachAIDS tre " +"separate frivillige lag som oversetter materialet fra engelsk til det lokale " +"språket og tilpasser innholdet til lokale skikker og normer. De tre " +"versjonene blir er deretter analysert og kombinert til en enkelt " +"hovedoversettelse. TeachAIDS har flere team av frivillige som så oversetter " +"den versjonen tilbake til engelsk for å se hvor godt det overensstemmer med " +"det opprinnelige materialet. De gjentar denne prosessen til de når en " +"oversatt versjon som tilfredsstiller deres krav. For den tibetanske versjon " +"gikk de igjennom denne syklusen elleve ganger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8852 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -15929,9 +16952,23 @@ msgid "" "have the best of intentions,” Piya said. “We need materials where you can " "push play and they will work.”" msgstr "" +"TeachAIDS benytter heltidsansatte, kontraktører og frivillige, alle med ulik " +"kompetanse og organisasjonsoppsett. De er omhyggelige med å bruke mennesker " +"med forskjellig bakgrunner til å lage materiale, inkludert lærere, studenter " +"og leger, samt enkeltpersoner opplevde i arbeidet i NGO-sammenheng. Dette " +"mangfoldet og denne kunnskapsbredden hjalp til med å sikre at materialet " +"deres appellerer til folk fra alle samfunnslag. I tillegg samarbeider " +"TeachAIDS tett med filmforfattere og regissører for å holde konseptene " +"underholdende og lette å forstå. Den inkluderende, men nøye kontrollerte, " +"kreative prosessen utføres helt av folk som er spesielt tatt inn for å bistå " +"i et bestemt prosjekt, snarere enn vanlige ansatte. Det endelige produktet " +"de lager er utformet for kreve null trening for folk i den praktiske " +"gjennomføringen. \"I vår forskning, vi fant vi at vi ikke kunne stole på at " +"folk formidler informasjonen riktig, selv om de har beste intensjoner,\" " +"sier Piya. \"Vi trenger materiale hvor du kan trykke, spille og det virker.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8846 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8871 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -15944,9 +16981,19 @@ msgid "" "only way to persuade them to use our highly effective model was to make it " "completely free.”" msgstr "" +"Piyas team var i stand til å produsere alle disse versjonene fordelt over " +"flere år med en hodetelling som aldri viste mer enn åtte heltidsansatte. " +"Organisasjonen er i stand til å redusere kostnadene ved å stole tungt på " +"frivillige og andre personlige bidrag. Likevel trengte denne ideelle " +"organisasjonen en bærekraftig inntektsmodell til å subsidiere innhold og " +"fysiske distribusjon av materiale. Å betale en lav pris var rett og slett " +"ikke et alternativ. \"Lærere fra ulike ideelle organisasjoner verden over " +"laget sitt eget materiale med hva de kunne finne gratis på nettet,\" sa " +"Shuman. \"Den eneste måten å overtale dem til å bruke vår svært effektive " +"modell, var å gjøre den helt gratis.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8859 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8884 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -15957,9 +17004,16 @@ msgid "" "logo appear before and after the educational content. All of the content " "remains branded as TeachAIDS." msgstr "" +"Som mange innholdsleverandører som tilbyr sitt arbeid gratis, endte de med " +"annonsering som finansieringsmodell. Men de var svært forsiktig med å la " +"reklame invadere deres troverdighet eller undergrave den tunge innsatsen de " +"legger i å skape kvalitetsinnhold. Sponsorer av innholdet har ikke mulighet " +"til å påvirke substansen i innholdet, og de kan ikke engang lage " +"reklameinnhold. Sponsorer får bare rett til å ha sin logo vist før og etter " +"det pedagogiske innholdet. Alt innhold er fortsatt merket som TeachAIDS." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8870 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8895 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -15969,9 +17023,16 @@ msgid "" "get sponsorships, we would only have materials for wealthier countries,” " "Shuman said." msgstr "" +"TeachAIDS er forsiktig med å søke midler for å dekke kostnadene for et " +"bestemt prosjekt. I stedet er sponsing strukturert som ikke-begrensede " +"donasjoner til denne ideelle organisasjonen. Dette gir denne ideelle " +"organisasjonen mer stabilitet, men enda viktigere, det gjør det mulig å " +"subsidiere prosjekter lokalisert til områder uten sponsorer. \"Hvis vi bare " +"opprettet versjoner basert på hvor vi kunne få sponsing, ville vi bare hatt " +"materiale for rikere land,\" sa Shuman." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,” Piya said. " @@ -15984,9 +17045,19 @@ msgid "" "content is not time-sensitive, so an investment in a sponsorship can benefit " "a brand for many years to come." msgstr "" +"I 2016 hadde TeachAIDS dusinvis av sponsorer. \"Når vi går inn i et nytt " +"land, hører ulike selskaper om oss og tar kontakt med oss,\" sa Piya. \"Vi " +"trenger ikke å gjøre mye for å finne eller trekke dem til oss.\" De tror " +"sponsorater er lette å selge fordi de gir så mye verdi til sponsorer. " +"TeachAIDSs sponsorater gir bedrifter muligheten til å nå nye øyne med sine " +"merkevarer, men til en mye lavere kostnad enn andre annonsekanaler. " +"Målgruppen for TeachAIDS innhold tenderer også til å helle mot yngre, som " +"ofte er demografisk ønskelig for merkevarer. I motsetning til tradisjonell " +"reklame er innholdet ikke tids-sensitive, så en investering i et sponsorat " +"kan være til fordel for et merke i mange år framover." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8893 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -15995,9 +17066,14 @@ msgid "" "built publicity campaigns around the fact that they have sponsored these " "initiatives." msgstr "" +"Viktigere, verdien for bedriftssponsorer utover utover kommersielle hensyn. " +"Som en ideell organisasjon med en tydelig artikulert sosiale oppgave er " +"bedriftssponsing donasjoner til en sak. \"Dette er noe selskaper internt kan " +"være stolt av\", sa Shuman. Noen selskaper har til og med bygget " +"reklamekampanjer rundt det faktum at de har sponset disse initiativene." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8927 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -16006,40 +17082,52 @@ msgid "" "materials worldwide. “The Creative Commons license has been a game changer " "for TeachAIDS,” Piya said." msgstr "" +"Kjernen oppgaven til TeachAIDS, å sikre global tilgang til livreddende " +"utdanning, er roten i alt organisasjonen gjør. Det underbygger arbeidet; og " +"motiverer grunnleggerne. CC-lisensen på det materialet de lager, fremmer det " +"oppdraget, slik at de trygt og og raskt kan skalere sine materialer over " +"hele verden. \"Creative Commons-lisensen har endret forutsetningene for " +"TeachAIDS,\" sier Piya." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8912 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8937 +#, fuzzy msgid "Tribe of Noise" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Tribe of Noise" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8915 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8940 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " "Netherlands." msgstr "" +"Tribe of Noise er en inntektsgivene musikkplattform som på nettet betjener " +"film-, TV-, video-, spill- og i-butikk-media-industriene. Grunnlagt i 2008 i " +"Nederland." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8945 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8950 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 26. januar 2016" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " +"medgrunnegger" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8936 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8961 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -16048,9 +17136,16 @@ msgid "" "Through this early work, Hessel became familiar with the principles of open " "licensing, including the use of open-source software and Creative Commons." msgstr "" +"I tidlig etter år 2000 var Hessel van Oorschot en entreprenør som drev et " +"firma der han trente andre mellomstore gründere i hvordan man oppretter en " +"Internett-bedrift. Han var og så medforfatter i flere arbeidsbøker for fra " +"små til mellomstore bedrifter om å optimalisere sin virksomhet på nettet. " +"Gjennom dette tidlige arbeidet ble Hessel kjent med prinsippene for åpen " +"lisensiering, inkludert bruk av programvare med åpen kildekode og Creative " +"Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8945 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8970 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -16060,9 +17155,15 @@ msgid "" "2005, the ability to directly license music from a rights holder was not " "readily available." msgstr "" +"I 2005 lanserte Hessel og Sandra Brandenburg en nisjeinitiativ med video-" +"produksjon. Nesten umiddelbart, fikk de problemer med å finne og lisensiere " +"musikkspor. Alt de fant var standard, kaldt lager-musikk. De ville lete opp " +"nettsteder der de kunne lisensiere musikk direkte fra musikeren uten å gå " +"gjennom plateselskaper eller agenter. Men i 2005, var ikke muligheten til å " +"lisensiere musikk direkte fra en rettighetshaver lett tilgjengelig." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -16072,9 +17173,16 @@ msgid "" "after some more research, in early 2008, Hessel and Sandra decided to build " "a platform." msgstr "" +"De leide to advokater til å utredet ytterligere, og mens de avdekket fem " +"eller seks eksempler, fant Hessel at forretningsmodellen manglet. " +"Advokatene uttrykt interesse for å være deres juridiske team hvis de skulle " +"bestemme seg for å forfølge dette som en forretningsmulighet. Hessel sier, " +"\"Når advokater er interessert i en satsing som dette, har du kanskje noe " +"spesielt.\" Så etter noen flere undersøkelser, besluttet Hessel og Sandra " +"tidlig i 2008 å bygge en plattform." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8965 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -16082,9 +17190,14 @@ msgid "" "works. Community willingness to try new music business models requires a " "trust relationship." msgstr "" +"Bygge en plattform ga et ekte høna og egget-problem. Plattformen måtte bygge " +"et nettbasert fellesskap av rettighetshavere til musikk, og på samme tid, gi " +"fellesskapet informasjon og ideer om hvordan den nye økonomien virker. " +"Fellesskapets villighet til å prøve nye forretningsmodeller for musikk " +"krever et tillitsforhold." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8997 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -16092,14 +17205,19 @@ msgid "" "pain away for media makers who wanted to license music and solve the " "problems the two had personally experienced finding this music." msgstr "" +"I juli 2008 åpnet Tribe of Noise sine virtuelle dører med et par hundre " +"musikere villige til å bruke CC BY-SA-lisensen (Attribution-ShareAlike) for " +"en begrenset del av repertoaret. De to gründerne ønsket å ta smerten vekk " +"for medieprodusenter som ønsket å lisensiere musikk og løse de problemene de " +"to personlig hadde erfart for å finne denne musikken." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9012 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -16110,9 +17228,17 @@ msgid "" "Tribe of Noise community of musicians.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" "\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Etterhvert som de bygget opp fellesskapet, fikk Hessel en telefon fra et " +"selskap som laget i-butikken musikkspillelister som spurte om nok musikk " +"lisensiert med Creative Commons som de kunne bruke. Butikkene trengte " +"kvalitetsmusikk som var god å lytte til, men ikke nødvendigvis slagere, litt " +"som en radio uten DJ. Dette åpnet en ny mulighet for Tribe of Noise. De " +"startet sin i-butikken Music Service, og brukte musikk (lisensiert med CC BY-" +"SA) lastet opp av Tribe of Noise sitt fellesskap av musikere.<placeholder " +"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -16131,9 +17257,25 @@ msgid "" "this convinced them that it was OK. However, Hessel says, “We are still " "fighting for a good cause every single day.”" msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9011 +"I de fleste land bli kunstnere, forfattere og musikere med i et " +"innsamlingselskap som administrerer lisensiering og hjelper til med å samle " +"inn royalty. Opphavsrettselskaper i EU har vanligvis monopol i sine " +"respektive nasjonale markeder. I tillegg krever de at medlemmene deres " +"overfører eksklusive administrasjonsrettigheter til dem for alle sine " +"arbeider. Dette kompliserer bildet for Tribe of Noise, som ønsker å " +"representere kunstnere, eller minst en del av repertoaret. Hessel og hans " +"juridiske team tok kontakt med disse selskapene, og startet med dem i " +"Nederland. Hva ville være den beste juridiske veien videre som respektere " +"ønskene til komponister og musikere som var interessert i å prøve ut nye " +"modeller som In-store Music Service? Opphavsrettselskapene var først var " +"nølende og sa nei, men Tribe of Noise sto fast og hevdet at de primært " +"arbeidet med ukjente artister og ga dem eksponering i deler av verden hvor " +"de vanligvis ikke fikk sendetid og en inntektskilde — og dette overbeviste " +"dem at det var OK. Imidlertid Hessel sier, \"Vi kjemper fortsatt for en god " +"sak hver eneste dag.\"" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9036 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -16146,9 +17288,18 @@ msgid "" "with Creative Commons. Outside of the Netherlands, early adoptions have " "happened in Scandinavia, Belgium, and the U.S." msgstr "" +"I stedet for å bygge en stor salgsstyrke, samarbeider Tribe of Noise med " +"store organisasjoner med mange klienter og kan fungere som en slags Tribe of " +"Noise-forhandler. Den største telecomnettet i Nederland, for eksempel, " +"selger Tribes In-store Music Service-abonnementer til sine bedriftskunder, " +"som inkluderer moteforhandlere og treningssentre. De har en lignende avtale " +"med den ledende bransjeorganisasjonen for hoteller og restauranter i landet. " +"Hessel håper å \"kopiere og lime\" denne tjenesten til andre land der " +"opphavsrettselskaper forstår hva du kan gjøre med Creative Commons. Etter " +"Nederland fulgte oppfølgingen i Skandinavia, Belgia, og USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9024 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9049 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -16156,14 +17307,19 @@ msgid "" "artist to get only 5 to 10 percent, so a share of over 40 percent is a " "significantly better deal. Here’s how they give an example on their website:" msgstr "" +"Tribe of Noise betaler ikke musikere på forhånd; de får betalt når musikken " +"ender opp i Tribe of Noises in-store musikkkanaler. Musikerne aksjeandel er " +"på 42,5 prosent. Det er ikke uvanlig i en tradisjonell modell for kunstneren " +"å bare få fra 5 til 10 prosent, slik at en andel på over 40 prosent er en " +"betydelig bedre avtale. Her er viser de et eksempel på sin hjemmeside:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9065 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9057 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -16174,9 +17330,17 @@ msgid "" "you end up with US$12 * 1000 stores * 0.425 * 0.0143 = US$73 per month." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" +"Noen av sangene [lisensiert med CC BY-SA], for eksempel tilsammen fem, " +"velges som en skreddersydd i butikken-musikk kanal som kringkaster i en " +"stor, landsomfattende forhandlerkjede med 1000 butikker. I dette tilfellet " +"inneholder den samlede spillelisten 350 sanger så musikerens andel 5/350 = " +"1,43%. Lisensavgiften man er enige med denne forhandleren om er US$ 12 per " +"måned per play-out. Så hvis 42,5% deles med Tribes musikere i denne " +"spillelisten og din del er 1,43%, ender du opp med US$ 12 * 1000 butikker * " +"0.425 * 0.0143 = US$ 73 per måned.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9043 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9068 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -16186,9 +17350,16 @@ msgid "" "one of their songs may become an overnight hit. If that happened the CC BY-" "SA license would preclude them getting rich off the sale of that song." msgstr "" +"Tribe of Noise har en annen modell som ikke involverer Creative Commons. I " +"en undersøkelse med medlemmer sa de fleste de likte eksponeringen som bruk " +"av Creative Commons gir dem og måten den lar dem nå ut til andre til å " +"deling og remiksing. Men hadde de litt av en mental kamp med at Creative " +"Commons-lisenser er evigvarende. Mange musikere tenker slik at en dag kan en " +"av sangene deres bli en en hit over natten. Hvis det skjedde ville CC BY-SA " +"lisensen utelukke dem fra å bli rik fra salg av den sangen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9054 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9079 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -16199,9 +17370,17 @@ msgid "" "Tribe of Noise platform within one to two months. This lets the musician " "reuse their song for a better deal." msgstr "" +"Hessels juridiske team tok tilbakemeldingen og opprettet en andre modell og " +"eget område på plattformen kalt Tribe of Noise Pro. Sanger som lastes opp " +"til Tribe of Noise Pro er ikke er Creative Commons lisensiert. Tribe of " +"Noise har i stedet opprettet en kontrakt for \"ikke-eksklusiv utnyttelse\", " +"som ligner på en Creative Commons lisens men tillater musikere å velge når " +"de ønsker å gå ut. Når du velger bort, aksepterer Tribe of Noise å ta musikk " +"av Tribe of Noise plattformen innen en til to måneder. Dette lar musikeren " +"gjenbruke sangen med en bedre avtale." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9065 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9090 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -16209,18 +17388,27 @@ msgid "" "This is a big plus for media makers. And musicians can pull their " "repertoire at any time. Hessel sees this as a more direct and clean deal." msgstr "" +"Tribe of Noise er primært rettet mot medieprodusenter som leter etter " +"musikk. Hvis de kjøper en lisens fra denne katalogen, trenger de ikke å " +"oppgi navnet på produsenten; de lisensiere bare sangen for et bestemt beløp. " +"Dette er et stort pluss for medieprodusenter. Og musikere kan trekke sitt " +"repertoar til enhver tid. Hessel ser dette som en mer direkte og ren avtale." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9098 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " "upload only to Tribe of Noise Pro, which has a smaller repertoire of music " "than the community area." msgstr "" +"Mange av Tribe of Noises musikere laster opp sanger til både Tribe of Noise " +"Pro og fellesskapsområdet til Tribe of Noise. Det er ikke at mange kunstnere " +"som bare laster opp til Tribe of Noise Pro, som har et mindre " +"musikkrepertoar enn fellesområdet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9079 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -16228,9 +17416,14 @@ msgid "" "exposure, and generate money. And after that, musicians may become more " "interested in exploring other models like Tribe of Noise Pro." msgstr "" +"Hessel ser de to som komplementære. Begge er nødvendig for modellen å virke. " +"Med en hel generasjon musikere interessert i delingsøkonomien, kan de bygge " +"tillit i fellesskapet til Tribe of Noice, lage eksponering og få inntekter. " +"Og etter det, kan musikere kan bli mer interessert i å utforske andre " +"modeller som Tribe of Noise Pro." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9112 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -16241,9 +17434,17 @@ msgid "" "really like having people working for the platform who truly engage with " "them." msgstr "" +"Hver person som blir med i Tribe of Noise får sin egen hjemmeside og gratis " +"et ubegrenset netthotell til å laste opp så mye av sin egen musikk som de " +"vil. Tribe of Noise er også et sosialt nettverk. Andre musikere og fagfolk " +"kan stemme for, kommentere, og llike din musikk. Fellesskapsansvarlige " +"samhandler med og støtter medlemmer, og musikkveiledere velger og vraker fra " +"de opplastede sangene for avspilling i-butikken eller promoterer dem for " +"mediaprodusenter. Medlemmene liker virkelig at de som arbeider for " +"plattformen, faktisk er i inngrep med dem." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9123 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -16252,9 +17453,16 @@ msgid "" "engagement, contests help members learn how to work with clients: listening " "to them, understanding what they want, and creating a song to meet that need." msgstr "" +"En annen måte Tribe of Noise skaper fellesskap og interesse er konkurranser, " +"som er organisert i samarbeid med klientene til Tribe of Noise. Klienten " +"angir hva de vil ha, og alle medlemmer kan sende inn en sang. Konkurranser " +"innebære vanligvis premier, eksponering og penger. I tillegg til å bygge " +"medlemsengasjement, hjelper konkurranser medlemmene til å lære hvordan å " +"arbeide med klienter: Lytte til dem, forstå hva de vil og lage en sang for å " +"møte det behovet." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9108 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9133 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -16266,9 +17474,18 @@ msgid "" "licensing some of their songs under CC BY-SA and opting in others with " "collecting societies like ASCAP or BMI." msgstr "" +"Tribe of Noise har nå syvogtyvetusen medlemmer fra 192 land og mange " +"utforsker gjør det selv-modeller(DIY) for å skaffe inntekter. Noen kom fra " +"plateselskaper og utgivere, og har gått gjennom den tradisjonelle måten med " +"musikklisensiering og ser nå om denne nye modellen er fornuftig for dem. " +"Andre er unge musikere, som vokste opp med en DIY-mentalitet og ser liten " +"grunn til å signere med en tredjepart eller gi fra seg noe av kontrollen. " +"Fremdeles forfølger en liten, men voksende gruppe av Tribe medlemmer en " +"hybridmodell med lisensiering av noen av sine sanger under CC BY-SA og " +"velger andre for opphavsrettselskaper som ASCAP eller BMI." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9120 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9145 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -16284,9 +17501,22 @@ msgid "" "represent. So far, Tribe of Noise has been able to make all this work " "without litigation." msgstr "" +"Det er ikke uvanlig for opphavsrettsorganisasjoner, plateselskaper eller " +"musikkutgivere å signere kontrakter med musikere basert på eksklusivitet. En " +"slik ordning hindrer disse musikerne i å laste opp musikken til Tribe of " +"Noise. I USA, kan du ha et opphavsrettseksjao til å håndtere noen av " +"sporene, mens i mange land i Europa, foretrekker opphavrettselskapet å " +"representere hele repertoaret (selv om Europakommisjonen gjør noen endringer)" +". Tribe of Noise håndterer dette problemet hele tiden, og gir deg en " +"advarsel hver gang du laster opp en sang. Hvis opphavsrettselskapet er " +"villig til å være åpent og fleksibelt og gjøre mest de kan for sine " +"medlemmer, kan de vurdere organisasjoner som Tribe of Noise som en kjekt " +"tillegg, som genererer mer eksponering og inntekter for musikere de " +"representerer. Så langt, har Tribe of Noise vært i stand til å gjøre alt " +"dette arbeidet uten rettstvister." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9162 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -16297,49 +17527,62 @@ msgid "" "Creative Commons makes it possible to create a new business model for music, " "a model that’s based on trust." msgstr "" +"For Hessel er nøkkelen til Tribe of Noises suksess tillit. Det faktum at " +"Creative Commons lisenser fungerer på samme måte over hele verden og har " +"blitt oversatt til alle språk hjelper virkelig til å bygge den tilliten. " +"Tribe of Noise tror på å skape en modell der de arbeider sammen med " +"musikere. De kan bare gjøre det hvis de har et samfunn i levende live, med " +"folk som tror at laget til Tribe of Noise har deres beste interesse i " +"tankene. Creative Commons gjør det mulig å opprette en ny forretningsmodell " +"for musikk, en modell basert på tillit." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9149 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9174 +#, fuzzy msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Wikimedia Foundation" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9177 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" +"Wikimedia Foundation er den ideelle organisasjonen som huser Wikipedia med " +"søsterprosjekter. Grunnlagt i 2003 i USA." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9182 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9184 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" -msgstr "" +msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Inntektsmodell</emphasis>: donasjoner" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9186 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Dato for intervju</emphasis>: 18 desember 2015" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9164 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9189 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Intervjuet</emphasis>: Luis Villa, tidligere sjef " +"for Community Engagement, og Stephen LaPorte, advokat" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9173 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Nesten hver person som er på nettet vet om Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9176 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9201 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -16347,17 +17590,24 @@ msgid "" "content is released under a Creative Commons license that enables people to " "reuse and adapt it for any purpose." msgstr "" +"På mange måter, er dette et fremragende åpent prosjektet: Dette " +"nettleksikonet er utelukkende laget av frivillige. Hvem som helst i verden " +"kan redigere artikler. Alt innhold er tilgjengelig gratis for alle på " +"nettet. Alt innhold er utgitt under en Creative Commons-lisens som gjør det " +"mulig å bruke og tilpasse det til hvilket som helst formål." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9209 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" "the Wikipedia article about Wikipedia." msgstr "" +"I desember 2016, var det mer enn førtito millioner artikler på 295 språk i " +"nettleksikonet, i følge, selvfølgelig, Wikipedia-artikkelen om Wikipedia." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9189 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9214 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -16371,18 +17621,34 @@ msgid "" "theme, user groups, and many thousands who are not connected to a particular " "organization." msgstr "" +"Wikimedia Foundation er en USA-basert ideell organisasjon som eier " +"domenenavnet Wikipedia og huser nettstedet, sammen med mange andre " +"beslektede nettsteder som Wikidata og Wikimedia Commons. Stiftelsen " +"sysselsetter ca. to hundre og åtte personer, som alle arbeider for å støtte " +"disse prosjektene. Men den virkelige hjertet til Wikipedia og dets " +"søsterprosjekter er fellesskapet (community). Antallet mennesker i " +"fellesskapet varierer, men omtrent 75 000 frivillige redigerer og forbedrer " +"Wikipedia-artikler hver måned. Frivillige er organisert på en rekke måter " +"over hele verden, inkludert formelle Wikimedia avdelinger (hovedsakelig " +"nasjonale), grupper fokusert på et bestemt tema, brukergrupper, og mange " +"tusen som ikke er koblet til en bestemt organisasjon." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9228 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, “There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.” While it " "undoubtedly has its challenges and flaws, Wikipedia and its sister projects " "are a striking testament to the power of human collaboration." msgstr "" +"Som Wikimedias juridiske rådgiver Stephen LaPorte fortalte oss, \"Det er et " +"vanlig ordtak at Wikipedia fungerer i praksis, men ikke i teorien.\" Mens " +"det utvilsomt har sine utfordringer og feil, er Wikipedia og dets " +"søsterprosjekter prosjekter et avslående testament til betydningen " +"menneskelig samarbeid." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9235 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -16391,9 +17657,15 @@ msgid "" "Creative Commons more generally. With Wikipedia, everything just happens at " "an unprecedented scale." msgstr "" +"På grunn av sin ekstraordinære bredde og sitt omfang føles det litt som en " +"enhjørning. Faktisk, det er ingenting som Wikipedia. Likevel, mye av det som " +"gjør at prosjektene er vellykket - fellesskapet, gjennomsiktighet, en sterk " +"misjon, tillit - faller sammen med hva som mer generelt kreves for å være " +"Made with Creative Commons. Med Wikipedia skjer bare alt i et enestående " +"omfang." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9244 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -16405,9 +17677,18 @@ msgid "" "thousand new articles are created on Wikipedia, and nearly fifteen thousand " "edits are made every hour." msgstr "" +"Historien om Wikipedia har blitt fortalt mange ganger. For vårt formål er " +"det nok å vite eksperimentet startet i 2001 i liten skala, inspirert av den " +"snåle ideen om at kanskje et virkelig åpent, samarbeidsprosjektet kunne lage " +"noe meningsfullt. I dag er Wikipedia så allestedsnærværende og inngrodd i " +"våre digitale liv at det faktum at det eksisterer synes mindre " +"bemerkelsesverdig. Men i tillegg til dataprogrammer, er Wikipedia kanskje " +"mest fantastisk enkelteksempel på et vellykket samvirke. Hver dag, opprettes " +"syv tusen nye artikler på Wikipedia, og nesten femten tusen redigeringer " +"utføres hver time." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9256 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -16428,9 +17709,27 @@ msgid "" "infrastructure of the sites. In 2015-16, about half of the foundation’s " "budget went to direct support for the Wikimedia sites." msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9254 +"Egenskapene til innholdet fellesskapet lager er ideelt for asynkron " +"samproduksjon. \"Et leksikon er noe der trinnvis samfunnet forbedring " +"virkelig fungerer,\" fortalte Luis Villa, fortalte tidligere Chief Officer " +"of Community Engagement oss. Regler og prosesser som styrer samproduksjonen " +"på Wikipedia og dets søsterprosjekter prosjektene er alle fellesskap-drevet " +"og varierer etter språkutgaven. Hele bøker er skrevet om vanskelighetene " +"med systemene deres, men generelt det er svært få unntak fra regelen om at " +"alle kan redigere alle artikler, selv uten en konto i systemet deres. Den " +"omfattende peer-review prosessen inkluderer omfattende systemer for å løse " +"tvister, metoder for å håndtere kontroversielle fagområder, en diskusjonside " +"som forklarer beslutninger, og mye, mye mer. Wikimedia Foundations " +"beslutning om å overlate styring av prosjekter til fellesskapet er veldig " +"bevisst. \"Vi ser på det fellesskapet kan gjøre godt, og vi ønsker å la dem " +"gjøre de tingene,\" fortalte Stephen oss. I stedet konsentrerer stiftelsen " +"sin tid og ressurser på hva samfunnet ikke kan gjøre effektivt, som å " +"utvikle programvaren som støtter nettstedenes tekniske infrastruktur. I 2015-" +"16 gikk omtrent halvparten av stiftelsens budsjett til direkte støtte av " +"Wikimedias nettsteder." + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9279 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -16444,9 +17743,20 @@ msgid "" "get bored and go away. That is partially our model working, and partially " "just human nature.” Most of the time, people want to do the right thing." msgstr "" +"Noe av det gjelder tjenere og generell IT-støtte, men Wikipedia Fundation " +"investerer betydelig på arkitektur som utvikles for å hjelpe til at " +"nettstedet virker så effektivt som mulig. \"Det er et system i stadig " +"utvikling for å holde balansen på plass for å unngå at Wikipedia blir " +"verdens største graffitivegg\" sa Luis. Avhengig av hvordan du måler det, er " +"et sted mellom 90 til 98 prosent av redigeringer på Wikipedia positive. En " +"del av den suksessen skyldes verktøyene Wikimedia har på plass prøver å " +"stimulere til god oppførsel. \"Hemmeligheten bak et sunt fellesskap er å " +"bringe tilbake de riktige folkene\", sa Luis. \"Vandalene pleier å gå lei og " +"forsvinne. Det er delvis slik vår modell arbeider og delvis bare den " +"menneskelige naturen.\" Mesteparten av tiden ønsker folk å gjøre det riktige." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9294 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -16458,9 +17768,17 @@ msgid "" "bigger and stronger. The desire to protect is not always what is best for " "everyone.”" msgstr "" +"Wikipedia stoler ikke bare på god oppførsel i sitt fellesskap og på sine " +"nettsteder, men også av alle andre når innholdet spres fra Wikipedia. Hele " +"teksten i Wikipedia er tilgjengelig med en Attribution-ShareAlike-lisens (CC " +"BY-SA), som betyr at det kan brukes til alle formål og endres så lenge " +"henvisning gis og alt nytt deles tilbake til publikum med samme lisens. I " +"teorien betyr at alle kan kopiere innholdet og starte en ny Wikipedia. Men " +"som Stephen forklart, \"Å være åpen har bare gjort Wikipedia større og " +"sterkere. Ønsket om å beskytte er ikke alltid det som er best for alle.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9293 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9318 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" @@ -16469,7 +17787,7 @@ msgstr "" "mistakes/\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9306 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -16489,7 +17807,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9324 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -16501,7 +17819,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9334 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -16513,7 +17831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9345 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -16525,7 +17843,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9329 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9354 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -16534,7 +17852,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9360 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -16543,7 +17861,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9367 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. “The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, but it " @@ -16552,79 +17870,101 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9351 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9376 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "Bibliografi" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9353 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9378 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " "from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013." msgstr "" +"Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " +"Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " +"from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" +"Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " +"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9389 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." -msgstr "" +msgstr "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9367 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9392 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" +"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " +"Decisions. Oppdatert utgave. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9396 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" +"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. Andre utgave. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " +"Media, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9400 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" "\"http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks.pdf\"/> (licensed under " "CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" +"Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " +"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" +"\"http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks.pdf\"/> (lisensiert med " +"CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9407 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" "WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (licensed under CC BY-SA)." msgstr "" +"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " +"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" +"WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9413 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " "Collaborative, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://thenextsystem.org/commoning-as-a-" "transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." msgstr "" +"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " +"commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " +"Collaborative, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://thenextsystem.org/commoning-as-a-" +"transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9394 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" +"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " +"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9398 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9423 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -16636,56 +17976,70 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9433 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" +"Bollier, David, og Silke Helfrich, red. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " +"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9412 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9437 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" +"Botsman, Rachel, og Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " +"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9441 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" +"Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " +"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9444 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" +"<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (lisensiert med CC " +"BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9423 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" +"Capra, Fritjof, og Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " +"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" +"Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " +"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" +"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " +"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -16696,82 +18050,107 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9468 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " "Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and " "Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." msgstr "" +"Cole, Daniel H. «Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural " +"Commons for the Knowledge Commons.» Kapittel 2 i Frischmann, Madison, og " +"Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" +"Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " +"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" +"Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " +"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9482 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " "at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://hbr." "org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>." msgstr "" +"Eckhardt, Giana, og Fleura Bardhi. «The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing " +"at All.» Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://hbr." +"org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9487 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " -"of Regina Press, 2015. uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-Knowledge (licensed " -"under CC BY-NC-ND)." +"of Regina Press, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-" +"Knowledge\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" +"Elliott, Patricia W., og Daryl H. Hepting, red. (2015). Free Knowledge: " +"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " +"of Regina Press, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-" +"Knowledge\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9469 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9494 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" +"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " +"New York: Portfolio, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9498 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a Post-" "Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge." msgstr "" +"Farley, Joshua, og Ida Kubiszewski. «The Economics of Information in a Post-" +"Carbon Economy.» Kapittel 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9503 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit " "Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009. <ulink url=" "\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." msgstr "" +"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, og Barbara Christiansen. «Ten Nonprofit " +"Funding Models.» Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009. <ulink url=" +"\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9509 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" +"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " +"New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" +"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, og Katherine J. Strandburg, red. " +"Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, and " @@ -16782,133 +18161,164 @@ msgstr "" "Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9498 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9523 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" +"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Nyutgivelse " +"med ny epolog. New York: Portfolio, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9527 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" +"Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " +"York: Viking, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" +"Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " +"and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" +"Harris, Malcom, red. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " +"Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9540 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" +"Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " +"Doubleday Canada, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" +"Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " +"Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9548 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" +"———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " +"Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" +"Kelley, Tom, og David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " +"within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9531 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9556 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " -"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535 -msgid "Berrett-Koehler, 2012." +"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" +"Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " +"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9538 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" +"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " +"Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9565 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" +"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " +"New York: Workman, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9569 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" +"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " +"York: Morgan James, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9573 msgid "" "Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” " "BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/" "technology-35709680\"/>" msgstr "" +"Lee, David. «Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.» " +"BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/" +"technology-35709680\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" +"Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " +"Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9582 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" +"Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " +"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9586 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" +"Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " +"and Giroux, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9590 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " "<ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." msgstr "" +"New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " +"People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " +"<ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9596 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -16919,7 +18329,7 @@ msgstr "" "<ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -16932,14 +18342,16 @@ msgstr "" "strategyzer.com/books/value-proposition-design\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" +"Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " +"People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -16947,132 +18359,175 @@ msgid "" "\"http://pro.europeana.eu/publication/democratising-the-rijksmuseum\"/> " "(licensed under CC BY-SA)." msgstr "" +"Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " +"Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " +"the Results? The Hague, Netherlands: Europeana Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" +"\"http://pro.europeana.eu/publication/democratising-the-rijksmuseum\"/> " +"(lisensiert med CC BY-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9620 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." "academia.edu/27143172/The_City_as_Commons_a_Policy_Reader\"/> (licensed " "under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" +"Ramos, José Maria, red. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " +"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." +"academia.edu/27143172/The_City_as_Commons_a_Policy_Reader\"/> (lisensiert " +"med CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9603 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9626 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " "Media, 2001. See esp. “The Magic Cauldron.” <ulink url=\"http://www.catb.org/" "esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." msgstr "" +"Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " +"Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Revidert utgave. Sebastopol, CA: " +"O’Reilly Media, 2001. Se spesielt «The Magic Cauldron.» <ulink url=\"http://" +"www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9609 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9632 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " "Business, 2011." msgstr "" +"Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " +"Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " +"Business, 2011." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " "Macmillan, 2014." msgstr "" +"Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " +"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " +"Macmillan, 2014." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9642 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" +"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9646 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" +"Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " +"Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9650 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" +"Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " +"York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9654 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" +"Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " +"Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9658 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" +"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " +"Books, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9662 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" +"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " +"New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9666 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" +"Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " +"Ikigai Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9647 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9670 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" +"Sull, Donald, og Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " +"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9674 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" +"Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " +"of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." -msgstr "" +msgstr "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9682 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " "Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" +"Tapscott, Don, og Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " +"Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " +"Portfolio, 2016." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" +"Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " +"Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9668 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" +"Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " +"University of Chicago Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9672 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -17080,37 +18535,50 @@ msgid "" "Design and Fashion; and the Waag Society, 2011. <ulink url=\"http://" "opendesignnow.org\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" +"Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, og Peter Troxler, red. Open " +"Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " +"med Creative Commons Netherlands; Premsela, the Netherlands Institute for " +"Design and Fashion; og the Waag Society, 2011. <ulink url=\"http://" +"opendesignnow.org\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-SA)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" "\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)." msgstr "" +"Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " +"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" +"\"http://society30.com/get-the-book/\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" "NC-ND)." msgstr "" +"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " +"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (lisensiert med CC BY-" +"NC-ND)." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9714 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" +"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " +"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "Takk til" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9698 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -17124,15 +18592,18 @@ msgstr "" "for startstøtten som fikk oss i gang med prosjektet." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " "the inspiration." msgstr "" +"En stor takk til alle de intervjuede i Gjort med Creative Commons for å ha " +"delt sine historier med oss. Dere gir liv til allmenningen. Tusen takk for " +"inspirasjonen." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9710 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9733 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -17140,9 +18611,15 @@ msgid "" "this book, you all are equally interesting, and we encourage our readers to " "visit your sites and explore your work." msgstr "" +"Vi intervjuet flere enn de tjuefire organisasjoner som er omtalt i denne " +"boken. Vi sender spesielt takk til Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, og Medium " +"for å ha delt sine historier med oss. Selv om de ikke er med i " +"referansestudiene i denne boken, så er hver og en av dere like interessante, " +"og vi vil oppmuntre våre lesere til å besøke nettstedene deres og utforske " +"det de har gjort." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9741 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -17155,7 +18632,7 @@ msgstr "" "uvurderlige tilbakemeldinger. Ektefølt takk til dere alle." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9724 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9747 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -17248,7 +18725,7 @@ msgstr "" "Yancey Strickler." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9775 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9798 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham " @@ -17914,6 +19391,13 @@ msgstr "" "Deruisseau, Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis og Joshua de Haan, " "ZeMarmot Open Movie." +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " +#~ "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " +#~ "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:" + #~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons" #~ msgstr "Laget med Creative Commons"