X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-madewithcc.git/blobdiff_plain/32a19a8a012eb4230d41b8fbd4e0396fac6db4f8..12bdc24c25b696f5a9957e042854a79e83bf6041:/po/de/mwcc.po diff --git a/po/de/mwcc.po b/po/de/mwcc.po index 4373cc3..6c94707 100644 --- a/po/de/mwcc.po +++ b/po/de/mwcc.po @@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons 20170609-2\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-10 15:19+0000\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2019-02-17 22:56+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2018-09-04 16:17+0000\n" "Last-Translator: ssantos \n" "Language-Team: German network effect—" -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5138 -msgid "" -"users dramatically increasing value for themselves and for others through " -"use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making the network effect " -"possible." +"the network effect— users dramatically increasing value for " +"themselves and for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is " +"core to making the network effect possible." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5142 msgid "Knowledge Unlatched" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5147 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5145 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that " "brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. " @@ -6731,30 +6725,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5150 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5154 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5152 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(specialized)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5157 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5155 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5160 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5158 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5166 msgid "" "The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of " "innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded " @@ -6771,7 +6765,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5182 msgid "" "Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten " "years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence " @@ -6780,7 +6774,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5191 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5189 msgid "" "Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda " "and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a " @@ -6789,7 +6783,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5197 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5195 msgid "" "In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the " "United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of " @@ -6807,7 +6801,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5214 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5212 msgid "" "Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: " "1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the " @@ -6818,7 +6812,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5221 msgid "" "After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get " "libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re " @@ -6829,7 +6823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230 msgid "" "This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access " "journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to " @@ -6839,7 +6833,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5238 msgid "" "This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it " "but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was " @@ -6852,35 +6846,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5251 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5249 msgid "" "She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: " "Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5258 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5256 msgid "" "Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via " "Knowledge Unlatched." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5264 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5262 msgid "" "Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as " "collections (as they do from library suppliers now)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5270 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5268 msgid "" "Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be " "purchased at the stated price(s)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5276 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5274 msgid "" "The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge " "Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing " @@ -6889,7 +6883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5285 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5283 msgid "" "Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative " "Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is " @@ -6897,12 +6891,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5292 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5290 msgid "" "Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected " "titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their " @@ -6911,7 +6905,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5300 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5298 msgid "" "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight " "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being " @@ -6923,14 +6917,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5311 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5309 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-" "availability-1/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308 msgid "" "The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are " "still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books " @@ -6944,7 +6938,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5321 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5319 msgid "" "There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost " "incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the " @@ -6957,7 +6951,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5333 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5331 msgid "" "The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from " "twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the " @@ -6973,7 +6967,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5346 msgid "" "The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and " "commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit " @@ -6981,7 +6975,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, " "mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred " @@ -6993,7 +6987,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5362 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second " "half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to " @@ -7001,7 +6995,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5369 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5367 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of " "book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also " @@ -7009,7 +7003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5373 msgid "" "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is " "$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. " @@ -7021,13 +7015,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5392 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5385 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5383 msgid "" "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties " "range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the " @@ -7040,7 +7034,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5393 msgid "" "Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation " "of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic " @@ -7052,7 +7046,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5406 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5404 msgid "" "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of " "the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph " @@ -7062,7 +7056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5414 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5412 msgid "" "Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment " "with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would " @@ -7076,14 +7070,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5425 msgid "" "For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for " "monographs is a win-win-win." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429 msgid "" "In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. " "In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. " @@ -7096,7 +7090,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5440 msgid "" "Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of " "valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, " @@ -7109,48 +7103,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5454 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5452 msgid "Lumen Learning" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5457 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5455 msgid "" "Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use " "open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5464 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5462 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, grant funding" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5467 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5465 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5468 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim " "Thanos, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5484 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5482 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5476 msgid "" "Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-" "technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving " @@ -7174,7 +7168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5501 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5499 msgid "" "David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or " "for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the " @@ -7186,7 +7180,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5511 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509 msgid "" "But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay " "for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control " @@ -7197,7 +7191,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5518 msgid "" "Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to " "help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are " @@ -7207,7 +7201,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5528 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5526 msgid "" "Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was " "complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process " @@ -7222,33 +7216,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5542 msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5550 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5548 msgid "" "provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER " "course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5557 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5555 msgid "" "measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, " "persistence, and course completion; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5563 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5561 msgid "" "collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on " "student success research." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5567 msgid "" "Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in " "more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available " @@ -7258,7 +7252,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5577 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5575 msgid "" "Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, " "which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the " @@ -7268,7 +7262,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5585 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5583 msgid "" "A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds " "personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, " @@ -7277,7 +7271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5592 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5590 msgid "" "The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and " "support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development " @@ -7288,7 +7282,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599 msgid "" "Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services " "on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the " @@ -7306,7 +7300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5618 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5616 msgid "" "In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution " "Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works " @@ -7319,7 +7313,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5627 msgid "" "Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The " "open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, " @@ -7332,7 +7326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5640 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5638 msgid "" "Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix " "differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place " @@ -7342,7 +7336,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5648 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5646 msgid "" "Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every " "course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet " @@ -7355,7 +7349,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5657 msgid "" "Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led " "to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and " @@ -7365,7 +7359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5665 msgid "" "To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be " "proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different " @@ -7379,7 +7373,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5678 msgid "" "As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core " "nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative " @@ -7391,7 +7385,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5690 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688 msgid "" "Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and " "nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: " @@ -7403,7 +7397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5700 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5698 msgid "" "In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even " "institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources " @@ -7414,7 +7408,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5707 msgid "" "Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They " "proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their " @@ -7427,7 +7421,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5720 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5718 msgid "" "Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For " "David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds " @@ -7438,7 +7432,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5729 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5727 msgid "" "Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving " "more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right " @@ -7447,7 +7441,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5735 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5733 msgid "" "As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, " "working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-" @@ -7460,7 +7454,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5745 msgid "" "In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions " "they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For " @@ -7472,26 +7466,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5758 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5756 msgid "Jonathan Mann" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5759 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the " "<quote>Song A Day</quote> guy. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5762 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://" "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5767 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5765 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for " @@ -7499,12 +7493,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5770 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778 msgid "" "Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as <quote>hustling</quote>—" "seizing nearly every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his " @@ -7518,7 +7512,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5792 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5790 msgid "" "His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action " "quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, " @@ -7531,7 +7525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5801 msgid "" "Jonathan’s successful <quote>hustling</quote> is also about old-fashioned " "persistence. He is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song " @@ -7540,7 +7534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5808 msgid "" "He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend " "alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are " @@ -7552,7 +7546,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5820 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5818 msgid "" "He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided " "to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has " @@ -7569,7 +7563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5834 msgid "" "Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the " "beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide " @@ -7580,7 +7574,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5845 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5843 msgid "" "His website explains his gig as <quote>taking any message, from the super " "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a " @@ -7591,7 +7585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5854 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5852 msgid "" "Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, " "but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he " @@ -7602,7 +7596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5861 msgid "" "His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the " "further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the " @@ -7614,7 +7608,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5873 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5871 msgid "" "There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would " "never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to " @@ -7624,7 +7618,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5878 msgid "" "He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his " "major focus. <quote>I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a " @@ -7636,7 +7630,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5890 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5888 msgid "" "Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. " "Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for " @@ -7650,7 +7644,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5900 msgid "" "When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a " "list of talking points and other information they want to include in the " @@ -7667,7 +7661,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5918 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5916 msgid "" "Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music " "he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his " @@ -7676,7 +7670,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923 msgid "" "Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he " "does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he " @@ -7690,7 +7684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5937 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5935 msgid "" "Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. " "Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books " @@ -7701,7 +7695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5946 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5944 msgid "" "When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day " "process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as " @@ -7711,7 +7705,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5953 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5951 msgid "" "Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is " "constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work " @@ -7721,7 +7715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5958 msgid "" "<quote>Success feels like it’s over,</quote> he said. <quote>To a certain " "extent, a creative person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied " @@ -7729,12 +7723,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5967 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5965 msgid "Noun Project" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5970 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968 msgid "" "The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to " "display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in " @@ -7742,30 +7736,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5973 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5975 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee, charging for custom services" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5980 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5978 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5983 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5981 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5991 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5989 msgid "" "The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who " "use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, " @@ -7773,7 +7767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5996 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5994 msgid "" "The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman " "while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot " @@ -7784,7 +7778,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002 msgid "" "When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of " "presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for " @@ -7794,7 +7788,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6010 msgid "" "With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website " "and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and " @@ -7804,14 +7798,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6021 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-" "collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6020 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6018 msgid "" "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge " "catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya " @@ -7823,7 +7817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6029 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6027 msgid "" "They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and " "Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a " @@ -7833,7 +7827,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6037 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6035 msgid "" "The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around " "the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-" @@ -7844,7 +7838,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6046 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6044 msgid "" "Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; " "this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of " @@ -7853,7 +7847,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6053 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6051 msgid "" "Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing " "some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between " @@ -7868,7 +7862,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6067 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6065 msgid "" "Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved " "significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the " @@ -7881,7 +7875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6078 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6076 msgid "" "They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to " "receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a " @@ -7891,7 +7885,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6085 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6083 msgid "" "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving " "attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a " @@ -7907,7 +7901,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6099 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6097 msgid "" "Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), " "which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed " @@ -7922,7 +7916,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6111 msgid "" "The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-" "off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 " @@ -7930,7 +7924,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6118 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6116 msgid "" "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is " "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from " @@ -7943,14 +7937,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6130 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6202 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6129 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6127 msgid "" "The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty " "structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over " @@ -7959,7 +7953,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132 msgid "" "For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job " "but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for " @@ -7968,7 +7962,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6141 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139 msgid "" "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can " "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also " @@ -7983,7 +7977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6155 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6153 msgid "" "The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage " "of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are " @@ -7993,7 +7987,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6162 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6160 msgid "" "For Edward, <quote>creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual " "language</quote> is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their " @@ -8002,7 +7996,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6168 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6166 msgid "" "Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the " "Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the " @@ -8013,7 +8007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6177 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6175 msgid "" "In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing " "and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission " @@ -8022,7 +8016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6184 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6182 msgid "" "Edward told us, <quote>Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate " "community around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat " @@ -8034,7 +8028,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6194 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192 msgid "" "The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a " "personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and " @@ -8043,7 +8037,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6201 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6199 msgid "" "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for " "icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a " @@ -8055,7 +8049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6208 msgid "" "Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their " "customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid " @@ -8067,12 +8061,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6221 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6219 msgid "Open Data Institute" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, " "and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 " @@ -8080,31 +8074,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6227 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6229 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government " "funding, charging for custom services, donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6235 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical " "director" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6245 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6243 msgid "" "Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-" "based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, " @@ -8116,7 +8110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6255 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6253 msgid "" "Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. " "Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data " @@ -8130,7 +8124,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6265 msgid "" "The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its " "vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be " @@ -8140,38 +8134,38 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6277 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6275 msgid "" "demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data " "policies affect this;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6283 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6281 msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6289 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287 msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6." "cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6292 msgid "" "show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote" "\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6297 msgid "" "ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and " "defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it " @@ -8182,7 +8176,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6309 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6307 msgid "" "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from " "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in " @@ -8192,7 +8186,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6317 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6315 msgid "" "Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the " "UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets " @@ -8202,7 +8196,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6324 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6322 msgid "" "ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government " "and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and " @@ -8212,19 +8206,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6332 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6330 msgid "" "On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, " "and advisory services." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6347 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6336 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6334 msgid "" "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual " "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. " @@ -8239,7 +8233,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6348 msgid "" "ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can " "enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented " @@ -8254,7 +8248,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6364 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6362 msgid "" "ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. " "Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an " @@ -8265,7 +8259,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6373 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6371 msgid "" "Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where " "curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members " @@ -8275,7 +8269,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6379 msgid "" "In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to " "help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, " @@ -8286,13 +8280,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6390 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6388 msgid "" "On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6394 msgid "" "Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to " "get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue " @@ -8300,7 +8294,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6404 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6402 msgid "" "Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate " "very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI " @@ -8310,7 +8304,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6413 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6411 msgid "" "Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI " "cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a " @@ -8319,7 +8313,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6422 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6420 msgid "" "During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. " "But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over " @@ -8330,7 +8324,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6429 msgid "" "Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by " "existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally " @@ -8343,14 +8337,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6445 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url=" "\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6443 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6441 msgid "" "ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop " "a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, " @@ -8358,7 +8352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6447 msgid "" "A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. " "Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up " @@ -8369,12 +8363,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6461 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6458 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6456 msgid "" "ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the " "legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is " @@ -8385,7 +8379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6466 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6464 msgid "" "Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through " "research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open " @@ -8394,7 +8388,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6472 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6470 msgid "" "Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC " "BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data " @@ -8403,7 +8397,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6477 msgid "" "For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any " "software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and " @@ -8422,7 +8416,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6497 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6495 msgid "" "To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on " "investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here " @@ -8430,7 +8424,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6505 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6503 msgid "" "Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, " "competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI " @@ -8439,46 +8433,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6513 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6511 msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6519 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517 msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6522 msgid "" "Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: " "2.2 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6528 msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6536 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6534 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6533 msgid "" "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: " "5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6542 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6540 msgid "OpenDesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6545 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6543 msgid "" "Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects " "furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who " @@ -8486,32 +8480,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6549 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6553 -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8984 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction " "fee" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6554 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6559 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6557 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and " "Joni Steiner, cofounders" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6567 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6565 msgid "" "Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the " "world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who " @@ -8520,7 +8514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6571 msgid "" "Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as " "architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint " @@ -8538,7 +8532,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6590 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588 msgid "" "When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions " "about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a " @@ -8547,7 +8541,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6597 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595 msgid "" "And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in " "the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business " @@ -8560,7 +8554,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6606 msgid "" "When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, " "anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be " @@ -8570,7 +8564,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6613 msgid "" "They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, " "allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices " @@ -8578,7 +8572,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6618 msgid "" "In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t " "demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative " @@ -8588,12 +8582,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6632 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6630 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6628 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626 msgid "" "For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They " "understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick " @@ -8602,7 +8596,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6635 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633 msgid "" "While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern " "that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, " @@ -8611,7 +8605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6640 msgid "" "Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for " "noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can " @@ -8623,12 +8617,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6659 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6657 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6652 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6650 msgid "" "Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for " "local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni " @@ -8641,7 +8635,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6662 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6660 msgid "" "The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model " "builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s " @@ -8649,14 +8643,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6667 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6665 msgid "" "When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, " "they pay:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6673 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671 msgid "" "the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour " "costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs " @@ -8664,14 +8658,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6678 msgid "" "a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer " "every time their design is used)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6686 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6684 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure " "and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our " @@ -8679,7 +8673,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6691 msgid "" "a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the " "moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-" @@ -8688,14 +8682,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6702 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6700 msgid "" "a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the " "maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6707 msgid "" "charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site " "assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be " @@ -8704,24 +8698,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6716 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6715 msgid "" "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6721 msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6724 msgid "" "When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a " "transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, " @@ -8734,34 +8728,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6737 msgid "" "manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the " "maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6744 msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6751 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6749 msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6756 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6754 msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6761 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6759 msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6766 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6764 msgid "" "Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to " "Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 " @@ -8769,7 +8763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6772 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6770 msgid "" "The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii " "published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His " @@ -8779,7 +8773,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6780 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6778 msgid "" "To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a " "very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, " @@ -8790,7 +8784,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6789 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6787 msgid "" "On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as <quote>open making</" "quote>: <quote>Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get " @@ -8800,7 +8794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6797 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6795 msgid "" "Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a " "known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a " @@ -8810,12 +8804,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6810 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6808 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6805 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6803 msgid "" "Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve " "Opendesk and the <quote>open making</quote> business model. They’re " @@ -8827,7 +8821,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6814 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6812 msgid "" "Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and " "commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could " @@ -8837,29 +8831,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6820 msgid "" "Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers " "commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6826 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6824 msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6831 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6829 msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6836 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6834 msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6839 msgid "" "It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk " "yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary " @@ -8867,28 +8861,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6849 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847 msgid "" "you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC " "machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6854 msgid "" "you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational " "purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6863 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861 msgid "" "you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees " "at a fab lab or maker space" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6869 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6867 msgid "" "Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick " "and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators " @@ -8901,7 +8895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6880 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6878 msgid "" "The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes " "the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to " @@ -8911,7 +8905,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6885 msgid "" "As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been " "built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe " @@ -8919,12 +8913,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6894 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6892 msgid "OpenStax" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6897 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895 msgid "" "OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for " "high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. " @@ -8932,31 +8926,31 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6900 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6904 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6902 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging " "for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6908 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6906 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6911 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6909 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-" "chief" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6919 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917 msgid "" "OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started " "in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of " @@ -8970,7 +8964,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6929 msgid "" "In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways " "to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began " @@ -8983,7 +8977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6942 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6940 msgid "" "David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of " "publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, " @@ -8997,14 +8991,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6960 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6958 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-" "OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6952 msgid "" "In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing " "high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for " @@ -9017,7 +9011,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6962 msgid "" "OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook " "is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical " @@ -9028,7 +9022,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6973 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6971 msgid "" "Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks " "with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire " @@ -9038,7 +9032,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6981 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6979 msgid "" "Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, " "or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental " @@ -9047,12 +9041,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6990 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6988 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6986 msgid "" "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education " "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings " @@ -9062,7 +9056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6993 msgid "" "Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling " "intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has " @@ -9071,7 +9065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6999 msgid "" "Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is " "expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. " @@ -9084,7 +9078,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7012 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7010 msgid "" "However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead " "on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a " @@ -9096,7 +9090,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7022 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7020 msgid "" "Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive " "learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote " @@ -9108,7 +9102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7032 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7030 msgid "" "In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. " "OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, " @@ -9121,7 +9115,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7044 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7042 msgid "" "OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and " "is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, " @@ -9131,7 +9125,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7050 msgid "" "While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want " "a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, " @@ -9143,7 +9137,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7062 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7060 msgid "" "Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax " "collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores " @@ -9158,7 +9152,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7075 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7073 msgid "" "David thinks of the OpenStax model as <quote>OER 2.0.</quote> So what is OER " "1.0? Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally " @@ -9169,7 +9163,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7081 msgid "" "OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level " "right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays " @@ -9183,7 +9177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7094 msgid "" "The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and " "sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the " @@ -9202,7 +9196,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7114 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7112 msgid "" "All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on " "volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-" @@ -9214,7 +9208,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7124 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7122 msgid "" "David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the <quote>innovation " "license.</quote> It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use " @@ -9226,7 +9220,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7134 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7132 msgid "" "Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional " "publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others " @@ -9238,34 +9232,34 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7144 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7142 msgid "" "As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. " "From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7151 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7149 msgid "Books published: 23" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7156 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7154 msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7159 msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7166 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164 msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7172 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170 msgid "" "Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all " "institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 " @@ -9274,7 +9268,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7181 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179 msgid "" "While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is " "overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and " @@ -9283,7 +9277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7188 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7186 msgid "" "OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where " "there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a " @@ -9293,7 +9287,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7196 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7194 msgid "" "Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their " "textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is " @@ -9306,22 +9300,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7209 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7207 msgid "Amanda Palmer" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7210 msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7214 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7216 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding " "(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book " @@ -9330,12 +9324,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7223 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7221 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7234 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7232 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/" "amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-" @@ -9343,7 +9337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7231 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229 msgid "" "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls " "a <quote>journey with no roadmap,</quote> continually experimenting to find " @@ -9352,7 +9346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7237 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7235 msgid "" "In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what " "she has been and continues to strive for—<quote>the ideal sweet spot . . . " @@ -9361,7 +9355,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7244 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7242 msgid "" "While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, " "Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the " @@ -9372,7 +9366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7253 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7251 msgid "" "Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up " "in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk " @@ -9388,7 +9382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7265 msgid "" "Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career " "remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach <quote>her " @@ -9401,7 +9395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7276 msgid "" "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with " "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public " @@ -9415,7 +9409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7290 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7288 msgid "" "Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific " "projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base " @@ -9429,7 +9423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7302 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7300 msgid "" "Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing " "undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her " @@ -9448,7 +9442,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7320 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318 msgid "" "Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art " "of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her " @@ -9458,7 +9452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7328 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7326 msgid "" "This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is " "motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, " @@ -9470,7 +9464,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7338 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7336 msgid "" "Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this " "sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact " @@ -9484,7 +9478,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7350 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7348 msgid "" "Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know " "about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she " @@ -9496,7 +9490,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7359 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7357 msgid "" "<quote>With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking " "palatable and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the " @@ -9507,7 +9501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7368 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7366 msgid "" "Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps " "on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she " @@ -9519,7 +9513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7378 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7376 msgid "" "After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, " "she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through " @@ -9531,7 +9525,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7385 msgid "" "<quote>When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of " "you, they become your allies, your family,</quote> she wrote. There really " @@ -9542,7 +9536,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7393 msgid "" "This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every " "creator. <quote>I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of " @@ -9554,7 +9548,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7405 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7403 msgid "" "Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her " "work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing " @@ -9569,7 +9563,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7416 msgid "" "For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain " "this connection. <quote>It sounds so corny,</quote> she said, <quote>but my " @@ -9581,7 +9575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7428 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426 msgid "" "As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what " "they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music " @@ -9593,12 +9587,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7439 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437 msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7440 msgid "" "PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of " "academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U." @@ -9606,30 +9600,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7445 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7447 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content " "creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7451 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7453 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7463 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461 msgid "" "The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading " "scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an " @@ -9645,7 +9639,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7477 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7475 msgid "" "Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a " "manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical " @@ -9659,7 +9653,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7486 msgid "" "For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model " "results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most " @@ -9673,7 +9667,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7500 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7498 msgid "" "That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open " "availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a " @@ -9687,7 +9681,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7512 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7510 msgid "" "However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research " "publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, " @@ -9701,7 +9695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7522 msgid "" "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs " "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article " @@ -9713,7 +9707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7533 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7531 msgid "" "PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. " "Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and " @@ -9721,7 +9715,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7539 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7537 msgid "" "Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and " "traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily " @@ -9739,7 +9733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7554 msgid "" "For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). " "This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and " @@ -9750,7 +9744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7562 msgid "" "PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper " "published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public " @@ -9758,7 +9752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7569 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7567 msgid "" "Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely " "follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the " @@ -9769,7 +9763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7576 msgid "" "Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a " "journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that " @@ -9778,7 +9772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7584 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7582 msgid "" "The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times " "other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to " @@ -9789,7 +9783,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7593 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7591 msgid "" "Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a " "movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now " @@ -9799,7 +9793,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7601 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7599 msgid "" "PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by " "pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched " @@ -9823,7 +9817,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623 msgid "" "Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model " "PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could " @@ -9831,7 +9825,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7630 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7628 msgid "" "One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as " "journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, " @@ -9840,7 +9834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7637 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7635 msgid "" "Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible " "to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what " @@ -9854,7 +9848,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7649 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7647 msgid "" "Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as " "positive results. If journals published more research with negative " @@ -9863,7 +9857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7656 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7654 msgid "" "Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint " "stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long " @@ -9881,7 +9875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7674 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672 msgid "" "What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research " "article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and " @@ -9893,17 +9887,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7686 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7692 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7690 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7684 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7682 msgid "" "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more " "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like " @@ -9919,7 +9913,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7695 msgid "" "The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these " "experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and " @@ -9931,7 +9925,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7705 msgid "" "For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that " "scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, " @@ -9943,7 +9937,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7715 msgid "" "Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making " "research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of " @@ -9951,24 +9945,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7723 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7721 msgid "Rijksmuseum" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7724 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. " "Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7728 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7732 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7730 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government " "funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling " @@ -9976,19 +9970,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7736 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7734 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7739 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data " "manager of the collections information department" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7747 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7745 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and " "history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental " @@ -10005,7 +9999,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7763 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7761 msgid "" "By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, " "staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized " @@ -10021,7 +10015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7777 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7775 msgid "" "It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were " "invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having " @@ -10032,12 +10026,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7788 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7786 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7784 msgid "" "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital " "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type=" @@ -10053,7 +10047,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7800 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7798 msgid "" "They realized that they don’t <quote>own</quote> the collection and couldn’t " "realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing " @@ -10067,7 +10061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7813 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7811 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to " "be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place " @@ -10082,7 +10076,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7827 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7825 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons " "licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. " @@ -10095,7 +10089,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7836 msgid "" "Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-" "quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s " @@ -10111,7 +10105,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7853 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851 msgid "" "Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The " "Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of " @@ -10122,7 +10116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7861 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7859 msgid "" "As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital " "representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that " @@ -10137,12 +10131,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7881 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7879 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7873 msgid "" "In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create " "a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In " @@ -10153,7 +10147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7884 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7882 msgid "" "The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality " "digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom " @@ -10166,7 +10160,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7895 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893 msgid "" "Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed " "virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to " @@ -10175,7 +10169,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7902 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7900 msgid "" "Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection " "contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. " @@ -10188,14 +10182,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7922 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7920 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-" "kimono-kimono-robe\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7913 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7911 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The " "line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even " @@ -10209,7 +10203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7926 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7924 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 " "award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; " @@ -10218,14 +10212,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7938 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7936 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-" "rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7925 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7923 msgid "" "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design " "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " @@ -10243,7 +10237,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7942 msgid "" "For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an " "upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced " @@ -10251,7 +10245,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948 msgid "" "Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the " "Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection " @@ -10262,7 +10256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7959 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7957 msgid "" "The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public " "to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day " @@ -10277,7 +10271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7972 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7970 msgid "" "For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came " "up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things " @@ -10297,42 +10291,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7992 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7990 msgid "Shareable" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7995 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7993 msgid "" "Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7997 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8001 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7999 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, " "crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8004 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8002 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8005 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder " "and executive editor" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8015 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8013 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had " "helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they " @@ -10345,7 +10339,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8026 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8024 msgid "" "As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, " "the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in " @@ -10359,7 +10353,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8038 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8036 msgid "" "Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined " "what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be " @@ -10370,7 +10364,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8048 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8046 msgid "" "Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s " "total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story " @@ -10383,7 +10377,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8059 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057 msgid "" "Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to " "furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable " @@ -10396,7 +10390,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8071 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8069 msgid "" "They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different " "metrics for success. <quote>We wanted to change the notion of what " @@ -10409,7 +10403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8083 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8081 msgid "" "More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that " "are contracted by the magazine. <quote>Particularly in content areas that " @@ -10425,7 +10419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8098 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096 msgid "" "All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution " "license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is " @@ -10441,7 +10435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8113 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8111 msgid "" "In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also " "experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional " @@ -10453,7 +10447,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8123 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8121 msgid "" "In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called " "How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but " @@ -10462,7 +10456,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8130 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8128 msgid "" "This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has " "conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by " @@ -10474,7 +10468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8140 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138 msgid "" "For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is " "true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. <quote>We " @@ -10488,7 +10482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8153 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151 msgid "" "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their " "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail " @@ -10500,7 +10494,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8163 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8161 msgid "" "For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to " "relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the " @@ -10510,7 +10504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8170 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168 msgid "" "Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring " "the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach " @@ -10528,7 +10522,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8187 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8185 msgid "" "Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly " "encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-" @@ -10537,12 +10531,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8195 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8193 msgid "Siyavula" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8198 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8196 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates " "textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South " @@ -10550,29 +10544,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8201 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8205 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8203 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom " "services, sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8210 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8208 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8217 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215 msgid "" "Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner " "and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as " @@ -10582,7 +10576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8225 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223 msgid "" "In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, " "Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few " @@ -10591,7 +10585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8232 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8230 msgid "" "It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the " "University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science " @@ -10601,12 +10595,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8243 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8241 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8240 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238 msgid "" "As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source " "software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software " @@ -10618,7 +10612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8249 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8247 msgid "" "In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the " "textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after " @@ -10628,7 +10622,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8257 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8255 msgid "" "But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his " "focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into " @@ -10637,12 +10631,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8267 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8265 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8263 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261 msgid "" "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of " "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One " @@ -10654,7 +10648,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8272 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8270 msgid "" "They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered " "Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for " @@ -10664,7 +10658,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8280 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278 msgid "" "Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through " "communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although " @@ -10680,12 +10674,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8299 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8295 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8293 msgid "" "Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers " "to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up " @@ -10697,7 +10691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8303 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8301 msgid "" "Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work " "as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to " @@ -10706,7 +10700,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8310 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8308 msgid "" "Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They " "tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that " @@ -10717,7 +10711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8316 msgid "" "Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in " "printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and " @@ -10728,7 +10722,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8326 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324 msgid "" "They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing " "potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South " @@ -10739,7 +10733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8335 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8333 msgid "" "Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in " "the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well " @@ -10753,7 +10747,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8348 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8346 msgid "" "The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it " "accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going " @@ -10762,7 +10756,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8354 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8352 msgid "" "The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was " "an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, " @@ -10773,7 +10767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8363 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8361 msgid "" "Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five " "hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number " @@ -10785,7 +10779,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8372 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370 msgid "" "At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a " "credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income " @@ -10796,7 +10790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8381 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8379 msgid "" "Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open " "textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, " @@ -10805,7 +10799,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8387 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8385 msgid "" "For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can " "add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are " @@ -10816,7 +10810,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8396 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8394 msgid "" "Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. " "They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools " @@ -10829,7 +10823,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8407 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8405 msgid "" "Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an " "entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the " @@ -10840,7 +10834,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8416 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8414 msgid "" "Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially " "increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide " @@ -10850,12 +10844,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8427 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8425 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8424 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8422 msgid "" "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula " "produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 " @@ -10865,7 +10859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8429 msgid "" "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help " "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time " @@ -10877,7 +10871,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8441 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439 msgid "" "The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the " "government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an " @@ -10888,7 +10882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447 msgid "" "Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard " "copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from " @@ -10901,7 +10895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8460 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8458 msgid "" "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing " "students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook " @@ -10913,7 +10907,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8470 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8468 msgid "" "Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks " "even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save " @@ -10923,7 +10917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8478 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8476 msgid "" "Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its " "Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this " @@ -10936,7 +10930,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8489 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8487 msgid "" "Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent " "Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-" @@ -10945,7 +10939,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8496 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8494 msgid "" "Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These " "include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the " @@ -10955,7 +10949,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8504 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8502 msgid "" "Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their " "shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for " @@ -10971,42 +10965,42 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8518 msgid "SparkFun" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8521 msgid "" "SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. " "Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8525 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8529 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8527 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical " "copies (electronics sales)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8532 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8530 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8535 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8543 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8541 msgid "" "SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself " "holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, " @@ -11016,7 +11010,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8549 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8547 msgid "" "<quote>Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,</quote> " "Nathan said. <quote>I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a " @@ -11025,7 +11019,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8555 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553 msgid "" "This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an " "electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the " @@ -11036,7 +11030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8564 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562 msgid "" "Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. <quote>It touches on " "our natural human instinct to share,</quote> he said. But he also strongly " @@ -11048,7 +11042,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8573 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571 msgid "" "<quote>We compete on business principles,</quote> Nathan said. " "<quote>Claiming your territory with intellectual property allows you to get " @@ -11057,7 +11051,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8577 msgid "" "The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and " "improvement. <quote>Our products are so much better than they were five " @@ -11069,7 +11063,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8589 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8587 msgid "" "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come " "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example " @@ -11081,7 +11075,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8597 msgid "" "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a " "lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized " @@ -11094,7 +11088,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8611 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8609 msgid "" "Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software " "and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some " @@ -11105,7 +11099,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8620 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8618 msgid "" "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 " "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling " @@ -11116,7 +11110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8627 msgid "" "SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on " "curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. " @@ -11126,7 +11120,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8636 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8634 msgid "" "<quote>We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of " "technical citizens,</quote> Nathan said. <quote>Our goal is to affect the " @@ -11135,7 +11129,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8642 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8640 msgid "" "The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is " "central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to " @@ -11148,7 +11142,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8653 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8651 msgid "" "From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at " "SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears " @@ -11160,7 +11154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8664 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8662 msgid "" "The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a " "thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from " @@ -11176,7 +11170,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8678 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8676 msgid "" "Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun " "does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but " @@ -11188,7 +11182,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8688 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8686 msgid "" "The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials " "with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another " @@ -11198,7 +11192,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8695 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8693 msgid "" "SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics " "enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s " @@ -11212,7 +11206,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8705 msgid "" "However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to " "people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a " @@ -11225,7 +11219,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8718 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8716 msgid "" "Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead " "focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their " @@ -11237,7 +11231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8728 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726 msgid "" "Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if " "their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes " @@ -11252,12 +11246,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8742 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8740 msgid "TeachAIDS" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8745 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8743 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to " "teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U." @@ -11265,29 +11259,29 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8748 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8750 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8754 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8752 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8755 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and " "Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8765 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8763 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue " "model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. " @@ -11296,7 +11290,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8769 msgid "" "But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with " "a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global " @@ -11311,7 +11305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8782 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a " "salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of " @@ -11332,7 +11326,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8804 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8802 msgid "" "In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new " "educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help " @@ -11346,7 +11340,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8816 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8814 msgid "" "Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the " "endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also " @@ -11354,7 +11348,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8822 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8820 msgid "" "Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing " "the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve " @@ -11371,7 +11365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8838 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8836 msgid "" "Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an " "outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their " @@ -11382,7 +11376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8847 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8845 msgid "" "One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes " "from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS " @@ -11393,7 +11387,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8856 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8854 msgid "" "Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way " "TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the " @@ -11409,7 +11403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8871 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8869 msgid "" "The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base " "is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck " @@ -11426,7 +11420,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8887 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8885 msgid "" "TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in " "different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to " @@ -11446,7 +11440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8907 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8905 msgid "" "Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years " "with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The " @@ -11461,7 +11455,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8920 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8918 msgid "" "Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on " "advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let " @@ -11474,7 +11468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8931 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8929 msgid "" "TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific " "project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to " @@ -11486,7 +11480,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8941 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8939 msgid "" "As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. <quote>When we go into a new " "country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,</quote> Piya " @@ -11501,7 +11495,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8955 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8953 msgid "" "Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial " "considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, " @@ -11512,7 +11506,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8964 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8962 msgid "" "The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education" "—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; " @@ -11523,12 +11517,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8974 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972 msgid "Tribe of Noise" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8977 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8975 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, " "video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the " @@ -11536,24 +11530,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8982 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8985 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8988 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, " "cofounder" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8998 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8996 msgid "" "In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a " "business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an " @@ -11564,7 +11558,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9007 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9005 msgid "" "In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production " "initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and " @@ -11576,7 +11570,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9017 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9015 msgid "" "They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five " "or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers " @@ -11588,7 +11582,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9027 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9025 msgid "" "Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had " "to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, " @@ -11598,7 +11592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9034 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032 msgid "" "In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred " "musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a " @@ -11608,12 +11602,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9049 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9047 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9042 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040 msgid "" "As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company " "that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed " @@ -11626,7 +11620,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9052 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9050 msgid "" "In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society " "that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright " @@ -11647,7 +11641,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9073 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9071 msgid "" "Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big " "organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of " @@ -11662,7 +11656,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9087 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9085 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their " "music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ " @@ -11672,12 +11666,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9103 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9101 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9095 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9093 msgid "" "A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are " "selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large " @@ -11690,7 +11684,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9106 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9104 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In " "a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative " @@ -11702,7 +11696,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9117 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9115 msgid "" "Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and " "separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to " @@ -11715,7 +11709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9128 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9126 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking " "for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state " @@ -11725,7 +11719,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9136 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9134 msgid "" "Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and " "the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who " @@ -11734,7 +11728,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9142 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9140 msgid "" "Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. " "With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the " @@ -11744,7 +11738,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9150 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9148 msgid "" "Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free " "unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe " @@ -11757,7 +11751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159 msgid "" "Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, " "which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client " @@ -11768,7 +11762,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9171 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169 msgid "" "Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and " "many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came " @@ -11782,7 +11776,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9183 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9181 msgid "" "It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or " "music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such " @@ -11800,7 +11794,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9200 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9198 msgid "" "For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that " "Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been " @@ -11813,46 +11807,46 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9212 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210 msgid "Wikimedia Foundation" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9215 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9213 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia " "and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9218 msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9220 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9224 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9222 msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9227 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9225 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief " "Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9236 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9234 msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9239 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9237 msgid "" "In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is " "created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. " @@ -11862,7 +11856,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9247 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9245 msgid "" "As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the " "295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—" @@ -11870,7 +11864,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9252 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9250 msgid "" "The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns " "the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related " @@ -11886,7 +11880,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9266 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9264 msgid "" "As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, <quote>There is a common " "saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.</quote> While it " @@ -11895,7 +11889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9273 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9271 msgid "" "Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a " "unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what " @@ -11906,7 +11900,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9282 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9280 msgid "" "The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is " "enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by " @@ -11920,7 +11914,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9294 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9292 msgid "" "The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous " "cocreation. <quote>An encyclopedia is something where incremental community " @@ -11943,7 +11937,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9318 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9316 msgid "" "Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the " "foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to " @@ -11960,7 +11954,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9334 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9332 msgid "" "Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its " "sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of " @@ -11974,14 +11968,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9358 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9356 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-" "mistakes/\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9346 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9344 msgid "" "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is " "that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what " @@ -12001,7 +11995,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9365 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9363 msgid "" "But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are " "passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual " @@ -12013,7 +12007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9375 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9373 msgid "" "The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, " "but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in " @@ -12025,7 +12019,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9386 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9384 msgid "" "The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single " "human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to " @@ -12037,7 +12031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9395 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9393 msgid "" "The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be " "financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is " @@ -12046,7 +12040,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9401 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9399 msgid "" "Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number " "of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global " @@ -12055,7 +12049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9406 msgid "" "Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great " "public resources. <quote>The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, " @@ -12065,12 +12059,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416 msgid "Bibliography" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9420 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9418 msgid "" "Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American " "Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy " @@ -12078,33 +12072,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9426 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9424 msgid "" "Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving " "Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9431 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9429 msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9434 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432 msgid "" "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our " "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9438 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436 msgid "" "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, " "2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9442 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9440 msgid "" "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms " "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url=" @@ -12113,7 +12107,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9449 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9447 msgid "" "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. " "Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/" @@ -12121,7 +12115,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9455 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453 msgid "" "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper " "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy " @@ -12130,14 +12124,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9461 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9459 msgid "" "———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. " "Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9465 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9463 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the " "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-" @@ -12149,56 +12143,56 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9475 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473 msgid "" "Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World " "Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9479 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9477 msgid "" "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of " "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9483 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9481 msgid "" "Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New " "Haven: Yale University Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9486 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484 msgid "" "<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC " "BY-NC-SA)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9490 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488 msgid "" "Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in " "Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9495 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493 msgid "" "Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation " "Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9499 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9497 msgid "" "———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from " "Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9503 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9501 msgid "" "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City " "for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov " @@ -12209,7 +12203,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9510 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9508 msgid "" "Cole, Daniel H. <quote>Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the " "Natural Commons for the Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 2 in Frischmann, " @@ -12217,21 +12211,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9515 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9513 msgid "" "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative " "Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9520 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9518 msgid "" "Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet " "Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9524 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9522 msgid "" "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. <quote>The Sharing Economy Isn’t about " "Sharing at All.</quote> Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink " @@ -12240,7 +12234,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9530 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9528 msgid "" "Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: " "Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University " @@ -12249,14 +12243,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9537 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9535 msgid "" "Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. " "New York: Portfolio, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9541 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9539 msgid "" "Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. <quote>The Economics of Information in " "a Post-Carbon Economy.</quote> Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free " @@ -12264,7 +12258,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9546 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9544 msgid "" "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. <quote>Ten " "Nonprofit Funding Models.</quote> Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring " @@ -12273,21 +12267,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9552 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9550 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. " "New York: Oxford University Press, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9556 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9554 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. " "Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9561 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9559 msgid "" "Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. " "<quote>Governing Knowledge Commons.</quote> Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, " @@ -12295,91 +12289,91 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9566 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9564 msgid "" "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with " "new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9570 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9568 msgid "" "Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New " "York: Viking, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9574 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9572 msgid "" "Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity " "and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9578 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9576 msgid "" "Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the " "Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9583 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9581 msgid "" "Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: " "Doubleday Canada, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9587 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9585 msgid "" "Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: " "Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9591 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9589 msgid "" "———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage " "Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9595 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9593 msgid "" "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential " "within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9599 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597 msgid "" "Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; " "Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9604 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9602 msgid "" "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get " "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9608 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9606 msgid "" "———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. " "New York: Workman, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9612 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9610 msgid "" "Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New " "York: Morgan James, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9616 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9614 msgid "" "Lee, David. <quote>Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the " "Internet.</quote> BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/" @@ -12387,28 +12381,28 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9621 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9619 msgid "" "Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid " "Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9625 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9623 msgid "" "Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and " "Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9629 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9627 msgid "" "Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus " "and Giroux, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9633 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9631 msgid "" "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do " "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. " @@ -12416,7 +12410,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9639 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9637 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, " "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at <ulink " @@ -12424,7 +12418,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9645 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9643 msgid "" "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value " "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the " @@ -12433,14 +12427,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9651 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9649 msgid "" "Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let " "People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9655 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9653 msgid "" "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make " "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are " @@ -12450,7 +12444,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9663 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9661 msgid "" "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, " "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www." @@ -12459,7 +12453,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9669 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9667 msgid "" "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open " "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly " @@ -12468,7 +12462,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9675 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9673 msgid "" "Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous " "Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown " @@ -12476,7 +12470,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9680 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9678 msgid "" "Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the " "Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave " @@ -12484,74 +12478,74 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9685 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9683 msgid "" "Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9689 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9687 msgid "" "Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the " "Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9693 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691 msgid "" "Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New " "York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9697 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9695 msgid "" "Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into " "Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9701 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9699 msgid "" "Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR " "Books, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9703 msgid "" "Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. " "New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9709 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9707 msgid "" "Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: " "Ikigai Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9713 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9711 msgid "" "Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a " "Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9717 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9715 msgid "" "Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise " "of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9721 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9719 msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9725 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9723 msgid "" "Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology " "Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: " @@ -12559,21 +12553,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9730 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9728 msgid "" "Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark " "Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9734 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9732 msgid "" "Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: " "University of Chicago Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9738 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9736 msgid "" "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open " "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, " @@ -12583,7 +12577,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9746 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9744 msgid "" "Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society " "3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url=" @@ -12591,7 +12585,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9752 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9750 msgid "" "Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink " "url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licensed under CC BY-" @@ -12599,19 +12593,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9757 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9755 msgid "" "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. " "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9760 msgid "Acknowledgments" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9764 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9762 msgid "" "We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative " "Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for " @@ -12621,7 +12615,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9771 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9769 msgid "" "Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for " "sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for " @@ -12629,7 +12623,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9776 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9774 msgid "" "We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this " "book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium " @@ -12639,7 +12633,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9784 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9782 msgid "" "This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter " "backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-" @@ -12648,7 +12642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9790 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9788 msgid "" "Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham " "Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, " @@ -12697,7 +12691,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para> -#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9841 +#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9839 msgid "" "All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron " "C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham "