msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n"
"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-08-18 10:28-0500\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-08-18 15:58+0000\n"
-"Last-Translator: Gunnar Wolf <gwolf@gwolf.org>\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-09-23 07:09+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Luis Enrique Amaya González "
+"<luisenrique.amayagonzalez@gmail.com>\n"
"Language-Team: Spanish "
"<https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/translation/es/>\n"
"Language: es\n"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:392
+#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"{width=\"6.5in\" "
"height=\"3.5417in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"6.5in\" "
+"height=\"3.5417in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:400
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:419
+#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"{width=\"6.5in\" "
"height=\"6.5in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"6.5in\" "
+"height=\"6.5in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:421
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:505
+#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"{width=\"6.5in\" "
"height=\"4.2362in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"6.5in\" "
+"height=\"4.2362in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:507
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:589
+#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"{width=\"6.5in\" "
"height=\"3.389in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"6.5in\" "
+"height=\"3.389in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:597
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:612
+#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"{width=\"6.5in\" "
"height=\"3.389in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"6.5in\" "
+"height=\"3.389in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:616
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:670
+#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"{width=\"6.5in\" "
"height=\"3.389in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"6.5in\" "
+"height=\"3.389in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:672
" the City for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans.\n"
" LabGov (LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons) (Bologna, Italy:\n"
" City of Bologna,\n"
-" 2014), www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-"
-"collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-"
-"urban-commons1.pdf.\n"
+" 2014), www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf.\n"
"27. The Seoul Sharing City website is english.sharehub.kr; for Amsterdam\n"
" Sharing City, ir a www.sharenl.nl/amsterdam-sharing-city/.\n"
"28. Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New\n"
" Revolution; Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco:\n"
" Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9.\n"
"33. Alex Osterwalder y Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation\n"
-" (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010). Una vista previa del libro "
-"está\n"
+" (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010). Una vista previa del libro está\n"
" disponible en strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation.\n"
"34. Este lienzo de modelo de negocios está disponible para descarga\n"
" en strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas.\n"
"35. Nosotros hicimos el “Open Business Model Canvas,” diseñado por el\n"
" coautor Paul Stacey, disponible en línea\n"
-" en "
-"docs.google.com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit."
-"\n"
+" en docs.google.com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit.\n"
" También puede encontrar las Open Business Model Canvas\n"
" Questions que lo acompañan.\n"
-" en "
-"docs.google.com/drawings/d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit."
-"\n"
+" en docs.google.com/drawings/d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit.\n"
"36. Una lista más completa de flujos de ingreso están disponibles en este\n"
" post que escribí en Medium en Marzo 6, 2016. “What Is an Open Business\n"
" Model and How Can You Generate Revenue?”, disponible\n"
-" en medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-"
-"and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15.\n"
+" en medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15.\n"
"37. Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating\n"
" and Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review\n"
" Press, 2006), 31–44.\n"
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1805
msgid "#### Charging your content creators * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
+"#### Cobrando a los creadores de contenido *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]\\*"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1815
"their faculties participate as writers of the content on the Conversation "
"website."
msgstr ""
+"Otro tipo de plataforma multi-cara es donde los creadores de contenido "
+"mismos pagan para ser exhibidos en la plataforma. Obviamente, este flujo de "
+"ganancias unicamente está disponible para aquellos que dependen del trabajo "
+"creado, al menos en parte, por otros. La versión mejor conocida de este "
+"modelo es el \"cobro autor-procesamiento\" de las revistas especiailzadas de "
+"libre acceso como esas publicadas por la Biblioteca Pública de Ciencia, pero "
+"hay otras variaciones. The Conversation ( La Conversación ) esta fondeado "
+"primordialmente por un modelo de membresía - Universidad, donde las "
+"universidades pagan para que sus facultades participen como escritores del "
+"contenido del website de The Conversation."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1817
msgid "#### Charging a transaction fee * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "#### Cobrando una cuota por transacción *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]\\*"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1827
"example, Opendesk makes money every time someone on their site pays a maker "
"to make furniture based on one of the designs on the platform."
msgstr ""
+"Esta es una versión del modelo tradicionale de negocios basado en gestionar "
+"transacciones entre participantes. 39 La curaduría es un elemento importante "
+"de este modelo. Plataformas como Noun Proyect agregan valor al introducirse "
+"a través de contenido licenciado bajo CC al realizar la curaduría a un "
+"conjunto de calidad superior y entonces obtener una ganacia cuando los "
+"creadores del contenido realizan transacciones con los clientes. Otras "
+"plataformas hacen dinero cuando los proveedores de servicios realizan "
+"transacciones con sus clientes; por ejemplo, Opendesk hace dinero cada vez "
+"que alguien en su sitio le paga a un creador para hacer mobilario basado en "
+"uno de los diseños en su plataforma."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1829
msgid "#### Providing a service to your creators* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
+"#### Proporcionando un servicio a sus creadores *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1836
"providing paid tools to help their users make the data they contribute to "
"the platform more discoverable and reusable."
msgstr ""
+"Como se menciono arriba, las empresas pueden hacer dinero al proporcionar "
+"servicios personalizados a sus usuarios. Las plataformas pueden tomar una "
+"variacion de este modelo de servicio diriguiendolos a lso creadores que "
+"proveen el contenido que ellos despliegan. NZ y Figshare se capitalizan en "
+"este modelo al proveer herramientas de pago, para ayudar a sus usuarios para "
+"hacer a la información con la que ellos contribuyen a la plataforma más "
+"reusable y localizable."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1838
msgid "#### Licensing a trademark* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "#### Licenciando una marca registrada *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1847
"deriving revenue from something scarce while taking advantage of the "
"abundance of CC content."
msgstr ""
+"Finalmente, algunos que estan Hechos con Creative Commons hacen dinero al "
+"vender el uso de sus marcas registradas. Las marcas bien conocidas que los "
+"consumidores asocian con calidad, credibilidad, incluso un ethos puede "
+"licenciar esa marca registrada a compañías que quieran tomar ventaja de ese "
+"bien. Por definición, las marcas registradas son escasas porque representan "
+"una fuente particular de bienes o servicios. Cobrar por la habilidad de usar "
+"la marca registrada es una manera de obtener ganancias de algo escaso "
+"mientras se toma ventaja de la abundancia del contenido bajo CC."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1849
"endeavors we analyzed were making money. It was not simply about monetizing "
"scarcity."
msgstr ""
+"Incluso si ponemos de lado el financiamiento asegurado, encontramos que el "
+"entendimiento del mercado en el marco económico tradicional falla para "
+"capturar completamente las vias por las que las empresas que analizamos han "
+"hecho dinero. No era simplemente acerca de monetizar la escasez."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1864
"Like a Commoner, “There is no self-serving calculation of whether the value "
"given and received is strictly equal.”"
msgstr ""
+"En vez de divisar un esquema para hacer que la gente pague dinero en "
+"intercambio por algun valor directo provisto, muchos de los flujos de "
+"ganancias eran más acerca de proveer valor, crear una relación, y "
+"eventualmente encontrar algo de dinero que retorne viniendo con un sentido "
+"de reciprocidad. Mientras algunos se perciben como los modelos tradicionales "
+"de finaciamiento sin animo de lucro., no son de caridad. Las empresas "
+"intercambian valor con la gente, no necasariamente sincronizadamente o en "
+"forma que requiera que esos valores sean iguales. Como escribió David "
+"Bollier en Think Like a Commoner, \"No hay cálculo egoísta acerca de que el "
+"valor dado y recibido sean estrictamente iguales.\""
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1870
"identity, community and culture. It is a vital brain function that helps the "
"human species survive and evolve.”"
msgstr ""
+"Esta debería ser una dinámica familiar -- ese es el camino con el que lidias "
+"con tús amigos y tú familia. Damos sin importarnos el que y cuando "
+"obtendremos el retorno. David Bollier escribió, \"El intercambio reciproco "
+"social descansa en el corazón de la identidad humana, cultura y comunidad. "
+"Es una función mental vital que ayuda a la especie humana a sobrevivir y "
+"evolucionar.\""
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1875
"relationships in the market as being centered on an even-steven exchange of "
"value.41"
msgstr ""
+"Lo que es raro es incorporar este tipo de relaciones en una empresa que "
+"también se involucra en el mercado.40 No podemos sino ṕensar que las "
+"relaciones del mercado como centradas en un intercambio equitativo del "
+"valor.41"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1877
msgid "#### Memberships and individual donations *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*"
msgstr ""
+"#### Membresías y donaciones individuales *\\[BASADAS EN LA RECIPROCIDAD\\]*"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1889
"that the content is a public good or that the entire endeavor is furthering "
"a social mission, the more likely this strategy is to succeed."
msgstr ""
+"Minetras las membresías y las donaciones son modelos de financiamiento no "
+"lucrativo, en el contexto de Hecho con Creative Commons, estan atadas "
+"directamente a la relación reciproca que es cultivada con los benificiarios "
+"de su trabajo. Entre más grande sea la cantidad de aquellos que reciben el "
+"valor del contenido, es más probable que esta estrategia trabaje, dado que "
+"solo un pequeño porcentaje de gente contribuirá. Usando las licencias CC "
+"pueden facilitar al contenido alcanzar más personas, esta estrategia puede "
+"ser más efectiva para empresas que son Hechas con Creative Commons. Entre "
+"más grande sea el argumento de que el contenido es un bien público o que la "
+"empresa entera está persiguiendo una misión social, es más probable que esta "
+"estratega triunfe."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1891
msgid "#### The pay-what-you-want model *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "#### El modelo paga lo que quieres *\\[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD\\]*"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1901
"inclined to give money for things we value in the marketplace, even in "
"situations where we could find a way to get it for free."
msgstr ""
+"En el modelo paga-lo-que-quieras, el beneficiario del contenido bajo "
+"Creative Commons es invitado a dar —cualquier cantidad que puedan y gusten "
+"es apropiada, basado en la valoración pública y personal que perciban por el "
+"contenido abierto disponible. Ciertamente, estos modelos no son promovidos "
+"como \"comprando\" algo libre. Son similares a un jarron de propinas. El "
+"público hace una contribución financiera como un acto de gratitud. Estos "
+"modelos se capitalizan en el hecho de que estamos naturalmente inclinados a "
+"dar dinero por cosas que valoramos en el mercado, incluso en situaciones en "
+"donde podríamos encontrar la manera de obtenerlas gratuitamente."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1903
msgid "#### Crowdfunding *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "#### Financiamiento Comunitario *\\[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD\\]*"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1918
"something. And if the ground has been fertilized enough, the audience says, "
"without hesitation: of course.”"
msgstr ""
+"Los modelos de financiamiento comunitario estan basados en recolectar el "
+"costo de crear y distribuir el contenido antes de que el contenido sea "
+"creado. Si la empresa es Hecha con Creative Commons, cualquiera que quiera "
+"el trabajo en cuestión puede simplemente esperar hasta que este creado y "
+"entonces acceder a el gratuitamente. Eso significa, que para que el modelo "
+"funcione, la gente tiene que preocuparse más que sólo recibir el trabajo. "
+"Ellos deben querer que el creador tenga éxito. Amanda Palmer atribuye el "
+"exito de su financiamineto comunitario en Kickstarter y Patreon a los años "
+"que ella dedicó a la construcción de su comunidad y a la conexión con sus "
+"seguidores. Escribió en The Art of Asking, \"El arte de calidad se hace, se "
+"comparte, la ayuda es ofrecida, los oídos prestan atención, se intercambian "
+"emociones, el suelo fértil para una real y profunda conexión es dispersado "
+"por todo el campo. Entonces, un dia, el artista se levante y pide algo. Y si "
+"el suelo ha sido fertilizado suficientemente, la audiencia pronuncia, sin "
+"duda alguna: por supuesto.\""
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1925
"tend to give more out of a sense of commitment to the library community and "
"to the idea of open access generally."
msgstr ""
+"Otros tipos de financiamiento comunitario se apoyan en el sentido de "
+"responsabilidad que una comunidad en particular pueda sentir. Knowledge "
+"Unlatched recauda financiamiento de las mayores bibliotecas de EUA para "
+"subsidiar el trabajo académico bajo licencias CC, que por definición, "
+"disponible a cualquiera gratuitamente. Las bibliotecas con mayor "
+"presupuesto tienden a dar más por un sentido de correspondencia con la "
+"comunidad bibliotecaria y con la idea de acceso abierto general."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1927
msgid "### Making Human Connections"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "#### Creando Conexiones Humanas"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1940
"traditional marketplace. But it seems to be part of the fabric of being Made "
"with Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
+"Independientemente de como hagan dinero, en nuestras entrevistas, "
+"repetidamente escuchamos lenguaje como \"persuadirlos a comprar\" y "
+"\"invitarlos a pagar.\" Incluso las escuchamos en conexión con flujos de "
+"ganancias que encajan en el mercado. Cory Doctorow nos comentó, \" Tuve que "
+"convencer a mis lectores de que lo correcto era pagarme.\" Los fundadores de "
+"la compañía lucrativa Lumen Learning nos mostraron la carta que envían a "
+"todos aquellos que optan por no pagar por los servicios que proveen en "
+"conexión con su contenido educacional bajo licencia CC. No es una carta de "
+"pare-y-desista; es una invitación a pagar porque es lo correcto. Este tipo "
+"de comportamiento alrededor de lo que podríamos considerar los clientes no "
+"pagadores es algo de lo que no se escucha desde hace mucho en el mercado "
+"tradicional. Pero parece ser parte de tejido de Hecho con Creative Commons."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1947
"than simply selling a product or service, they are making ideological, "
"personal, and creative connections with the people who value what they do."
msgstr ""
+"Casi todas las empresas que describimos se apoyan, al menos en parte, en "
+"gente enla que se invierte en lo que ellos hacen. Entre más cercano sea que "
+"el contenido bajo licencia Creative Commons sea \"el producto\", sera más "
+"pronunciada esta dinámica. En vez de simplemente vender un producto o un "
+"servicio, ellos estan haciendo conexiones ideologicas, personales y "
+"creativas con las personas que valoran lo que ellos hacen."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1951
"they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative "
"Commons."
msgstr ""
+"Me tomó un largo tiempo notar que este eludir pensar en lo que ellos hacen "
+"en puros terminos de mercado estaba ligado profundamente a Hacer con "
+"Creative Commons."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1955
"is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was "
"wrong on so many counts."
msgstr ""
+"Vine a la investigación con las nociones preconcebidas acerca de lo que es "
+"Creative Commons y que significa ser Hecho con Creative Commons. Resulto que "
+"yo estaba mal en muchos aspectos."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1964
"the equation, it is important not to disaggregate the rest of what comes "
"with sharing. You have to widen the lens."
msgstr ""
+"Obviamente, ser Hecho con Creative Commons significa usar licencias Creative "
+"Commons. Eso era lo que yo sabía. Pero en nuestras entrevistas, las personas "
+"hablaron de mucho más que sólo permisos de copyright cuando explicaban como "
+"cmopartir encajaba en lo que ellos hacen. Yo estaba pensando acerca de "
+"compartir muy estrechamente, y como resultado, estaba perdiendo una gran "
+"parte del significado contenido dentro de las Creative Commons. En vez de "
+"analizar críticamente el rol estrecho y específico de la licencia de "
+"copyright en la ecuación, es importante no separar el resto de lo que "
+"acompaña a compartir. Tienes que ampliar la óptica."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1976
"with whom you share—connections with you, with your work, with your values, "
"with each other."
msgstr ""
+"Ser Hecho con Creative Commons no es únicamente acerca del simple acto de "
+"licenciar un material con derechos de autor o copyright bajo un conjunto de "
+"terminos estandarizados, sino también de comunidad, bienestar social, "
+"contribuir ideas, expresar un sistema de valores, trabajar juntos. Estos "
+"componentes del compartir son difíciles de cultivar si piensas en lo que "
+"haces en terminos de puro mercado. El comportamiento social decente no es "
+"tan intuitivo cuando hacemos alguna actividad que involucre intercambio "
+"monetario. Toma un esfuerzo consciente desarrollar el contexto para "
+"compartir realmente, que no sea basado estrictamente en un intercambio "
+"impersonal de marcado, sino en conexiones con la gente con la que compartes— "
+"conexiones contigo, con tú trabajoj, con tús valores, con todos."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1981
"humans behind every creative endeavor. To remind us we have obligations to "
"each other. To remind us what sharing really looks like."
msgstr ""
+"El resto de la sección explorará algunas de las estrategias comunes que usan "
+"los creadores, compañías y organizaciones para recordarnos que hay humanos "
+"detras de cada empresa creativa. Para recordarnos que tenemos obligaciones "
+"con todos. Para recordarnos como es realmente el compartir."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1983
msgid "#### Be human"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "#### Ser humano"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1990
"knowledge, and connected us in extraordinary ways, it can also make it easy "
"forget we are dealing with another human."
msgstr ""
+"Los seres humanos son animales sociales, lo que significa que estamos "
+"naturalmente inclinados a tratarnos mutuamente bien.42 Pero mientras más "
+"lejano seamos de la persona con la que interactuamos, nuestro comportamiento "
+"será menos atento. Mientras el Internet ha democratizado la producción "
+"cultural, incrementado el acceso al conocimiento y nos ha conectado de "
+"maneras extraordinarias, tambien puede hacer fácil que nos olvidemos que "
+"estamos tratando con otro ser humano."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2002
"what they understand about your work, and how people feel and what they "
"understand about your work affects how they value it.”43"
msgstr ""
+"Para contrarrestar las tendencias anónimas e impersonales de cómo operamos "
+"en línea, las corporaciones y los creadores individuales quienes usan las "
+"licencias Creative Commons trabajan para demostrar su humanidad. Para "
+"algunos, esto significa plasmar su vida en las páginas. Para otros, esto "
+"significa mostrar sus procesos creativos, exhibiendo un poco del cómo hacen "
+"lo que hacen. Como escribió el escrito Autin Kleon,\"Nuestro trabajo no "
+"habla por sí mismo. Los seres humanos quieren saber de dónde vienen las "
+"cosas, cómo fueron hechas, y quién las hizo. Las historias que cuentas "
+"acerca del trabajo que haces tienen un gran efecto en como se siente la "
+"gente y lo que entienden acerca de tu trabajo, y como se sienten las "
+"personas y lo que ellos entienden acerca de tú trabajo afecta la manera en "
+"que te valoran a tí.\"43"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2012
"glossy version of you. They can’t relate to it, at least not in a meaningful "
"way."
msgstr ""
+"Un componente crítico para hacer esto efectivamente es no preocuparse acerca "
+"de ser una \"marca\". Eso significa no preocuparse de ser vulnerable. Amanda "
+"Palmer dice, \"Cuando estas preocupado del juicio de los demas, no te puedes "
+"conectar con ellos. Estas muy preocupado con la tarea de impresionarlos.\" "
+"No todos estan preparados para vivir la vida como un libro abierto como "
+"Palmer, y eso esta bien. Hay muchas maneras de ser humano. El truco esta en "
+"evitar la pretensión y la tentación de crear una imágen artificial. La gente "
+"no solo quiere tu versión primorosa. No se pueden relacionar con ella, al "
+"menos no de una manera significativa."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2021
"speak, this is about “humanizing your interactions” with the public.44 But "
"it can’t be a gimmick. You can’t fake being human."
msgstr ""
+"Este consejo es probablemente más importante para los negocios y las "
+"organizaciones porque instintivamente los concebimos como no humanos "
+"(aunque en los Estados Unidos, las corporaciones son personas!). Cuando las "
+"corporaciones y las organizaciones hacen a la gente detras de ellas más "
+"perceptible, le recuerda a la gente que están tratando con algo más que una "
+"entidad corporativa anónima. En el lenguaje de los negocios, esto es acerca "
+"de \"humanizar sus interacciones\" con el público.44 Pero no puede ser una "
+"representación. No puedes simular ser humano."
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2023
msgid "#### Be open and accountable"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "#### Sé abierto y responsable"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2033
"sugarcoat mistakes or bad news, but instead about explaining your rationale "
"and then being prepared to defend it when people are critical.46"
msgstr ""
+"La Transpariencia ayuda a las personas a entender quien eres y porque haces "
+"lo que haces, pero también inspira confianza. Max Temkin de Cards Against "
+"Humanity nos comenta, \"Una de las cosas más sorprendentes que puedes hacer "
+"en el capitalismo es ser honesto con la gente.\" Eso significa compartir lo "
+"bueno y lo malo. Como escribió Amanda Palmer, \"Puedes arreglar casi todo "
+"con genuina comunicación.\"45 No es tratar de satisfacer a todos o tratar de "
+"endulzar los errores o las malas noticias, sino explicar tu razonamiento y "
+"de estar preparado para defenderlo cuando la gente es crítica.46"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2037
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2046
+#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James "
"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-"
-"denominator solutions and"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2047
-msgid ""
-"avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that cultivates healthy "
-"collaboration.47 Instead, it can be as simple as asking for input and then "
-"giving context and explanation about decisions you make, even if soliciting "
-"feedback and inviting discourse is time-consuming. If you don’t go through "
-"the effort to actually respond to the input you receive, it can be worse "
-"than not inviting input in the first place.48 But when you get it right, it "
-"can guarantee the type of diversity of thought that helps endeavors excel. "
-"And it is another way to get people involved and invested in what you do."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2049
+"denominator solutions and avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that "
+"cultivates healthy collaboration.47 Instead, it can be as simple as asking "
+"for input and then giving context and explanation about decisions you make, "
+"even if soliciting feedback and inviting discourse is time-consuming. If you "
+"don’t go through the effort to actually respond to the input you receive, it "
+"can be worse than not inviting input in the first place.48 But when you get "
+"it right, it can guarantee the type of diversity of thought that helps "
+"endeavors excel. And it is another way to get people involved and invested "
+"in what you do."
+msgstr ""
+"evitan el intercambio de ideas honesto y desprejuiciado que se cultiva en "
+"las colaboraciones sanas. 47 En cambio, puede ser tan simple como solicitar "
+"un comentario y dar contexto y explicación acerca de la decisión que se ha "
+"tomado, incluso si solicitar realimentación e invitar al intercambio de "
+"ideas lleva su tiempo. Si no realizas el esfuerzo de responder a los "
+"comentarios que recives, puede ser peor que no solicitar esos comentarios en "
+"primer lugar. 48 Pero cuando lo haces bien, puede garantizar el tipo de "
+"diversidad de pensamientos que ayuda a las empresas a distinguirse."
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2048
msgid "#### Design for the good actors"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "#### Diseñar para los buenos actores"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2062
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2061
msgid ""
"Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their "
"own economic self-interest.49 Any relatively introspective human knows this "
"purely selfish ways, but endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons "
"design for the good actors."
msgstr ""
+"La economía tradicional asume que la gente toma decisiones basadas "
+"únicamente en sus propios intereses económicos.49 Cualquier ser humano "
+"relativamente introspectivo sabe que eso es una ficción—somos seres mucho "
+"más complicados con un amplio rango de necesidades, emociones, y "
+"motivaciones. De hecho, estamos hechos para trabajar juntos y grantizar la "
+"equidad.50 Ser Hecho con Creative Commons requiere creer que la gente "
+"actuará mayormente sobre esas motivaciones sociales, motivaciones que puden "
+"ser consideradas \"irracionales\" en un sentido económico. Como dijo Pinter "
+"de Knowledge Unlatched, \"Es mejor ignorar a la gente que trata de "
+"intimidarte acerca de los aventones. El miedo esta basado en una versión muy "
+"estrecha de lo que motiva el comportamiento humano.\" Siempre habrá personas "
+"que actuarán de forma totalmente egoísta, pero las empresas que son Hechas "
+"con Creative Commons están diseñados para los buenos actores."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2071
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2070
msgid ""
"The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-"
"fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems that assume "
"we design our endeavors in ways that encourage and accentuate our social "
"instincts."
msgstr ""
+"La presunción de que las personas harán lo correcto una profecía "
+"autocumplida. Shirky escribió en Cognitive Surplus, \"Los sistemas que "
+"presuponen que la gente actuará de manera que creen bienes públicos, y que "
+"darles la oportunidades y recompensas por hacerlo, comunmente les permite "
+"trabajan juntos mejor que lo que hubieran predicho la economía neoclásica."
+"\"51 Cuando aceptamos que la gente es comunmente motivada por algo más que "
+"interés personal financiero, diseñamos nuestras empresas de maneras que "
+"inspiren y acentuen nuestros instintos sociales."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2080
msgid ""
"Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of "
"operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but "
"mostly strangers—will do what they are supposed to do.52 And most often, "
"they do."
msgstr ""
+"En vez de tratar de ejercer control sobre el comportamiento de la gente, "
+"este modo de operar requiere un cierto nivel de confianza. Puede que no nos "
+"demos cuenta, pero nuestras vidad diarias están basadas en la confianza. "
+"Como escribió Surowiecki en The Wisdom of Crowds, \"Es imposible para una "
+"sociedad sostenerse en la ley solamente para asegurar de que los ciudadanos "
+"actuen responsable y honestamente. Y es imposible para una organización "
+"descansar únicamente en los contratos para garantizar que sus trabajadores y "
+"directivos vivan su obligación.\" Confiamos que la gente —la mayoría "
+"desconocidos— hará lo que se supone que debn hacer.52 Y muy comunmente, lo "
+"hacen."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2082
msgid "#### Treat humans like, well, humans"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "#### Trata a los seres humanos como, bueno, humanos"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2091
msgid ""
"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. "
"As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”53 Even if you "
"Amanda Palmer spends vast quantities of time going online to communicate "
"with her public, making a point to listen just as much as she talks.54"
msgstr ""
+"Para los creadores, tratar a la gente como humanos significa no tratarlos "
+"como fans. Como dice Kleon, \"Si tu quieres fans, tienes que ser un fan "
+"primero.\"53 Incluso si ocurre que tu eres uno de los pocos que alcanzan "
+"niveles de fama de celebridad, estaras mejor recordando que las personas que "
+"siguen tu trabajo son seres humanos también. Cory Doctorow hace un punto "
+"contestando cada correo electrónico que alguien le envie. Amanda Palmer "
+"emplea amplias cantidades de tiempo estando en línea para comunicarse con su "
+"público, haciendo un punto al escuchar tanto como habla. 54"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2097
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2096
msgid ""
"The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating "
"its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to "
"ensure its employees have personal, one-on-one interaction with users."
msgstr ""
+"La misma idea va para las organizaciones y negocios. En vez de automatizar "
+"su servicio al cliente, la plataforma músical Tribe of Noise tiene un logro "
+"al asegurarse que sus empleados tienen una interacción personal, uno-a-uno "
+"con los usuarios."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2109
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2108
msgid ""
"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. "
"It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy "
"into a relationship—at least when it takes a form of paying monetary value "
"in exchange for other value—it can dramatically change the dynamic.56"
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2111
+"Cuando tratamos a las personas como seres humanos, típicamente ellos "
+"regresan ese tipo de trato. Se llama karma. Pero las relaciones sociales son "
+"frágiles. Es muy sencillo destruirlas si comentes el error de tratar a la "
+"gente como clientes anónimos o trabajadores gratuitos. 55 Las plataformas "
+"que se apoyan en el contenido de contribuyentes estan especialmente en "
+"riesgo de crear una dinámica explotadora. Es importante encontrar medios de "
+"reconocer y retribuir el valor que los contribuyentes generan. Esto no "
+"significa que se puede resolver este problema simplemente pagando a los "
+"contribuyentes por su tiempo o por sus contribuciones. Tan pronto como "
+"introducimos dinero dentro de una relación—al menos cuando esto toma una "
+"forma de un pago monetario en intercambio por otro valor—puede cambiar la "
+"dinámica dramáticamente.56"
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2110
msgid "#### State your principles and stick to them"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "#### Establece tus principios y apégate a ellos"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2121
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2120
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and "
"what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses "
"akin to a political statement. Other times people will identify and feel "
"connected with an endeavor’s separate social mission. Often both."
msgstr ""
+"Ser Hecho con Creative Commons hace una declaración acerca de quién eres y "
+"qué haces. El simbolismo es poderoso. Usar licencias Creative Commons "
+"demuestra adherencia a un particular tipo de creencias, las cuales generan "
+"bienestar y conectan a tu trabajo con gente de pensamiento similar. Algunas "
+"personas seran arrastradas hacia empresas que son Hechas con Creative "
+"Commons como un medio para demostrar su compromiso con el sistema de valores "
+"de las Creative Commons, similar a una declaración política. Otras veces "
+"las personas identificarán y se sentirán conectadas con la misión social "
+"parte de alguna empresa . Regularmente ambas."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2130
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2129
msgid ""
"The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of "
"the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your "
"credibility in the OER (open educational resources) community in which they "
"operate."
msgstr ""
+"La expresión de tus valores no tiene que ser implícita. De hecho, mucha de "
+"las personas que entrevistamos hablaron acerca de lo importante que es "
+"exponer sus principios guía francamente. Lumen Learning atribuye gran parte "
+"de su exito al hecho de haber expuesto los valores fundamentales que guían "
+"lo que hacen. Al ser una compañía con animo de lucro, ellos creen que haber "
+"expresado su compromiso con los estudiantes de bajos ingresos y las "
+"licencias abiertas ha sido un hecho crítico para su credibilidad en al "
+"comunidad OER (recursos abiertos educativos) en la que ellos operan."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2136
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2135
msgid ""
"When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you "
"aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when "
"you have a sense of purpose that transcends your own self-interest.57 It "
"attracts committed employees, motivates contributors, and builds trust."
msgstr ""
+"Cuando tu meta final no es generar ganancias, la gente confia en que no solo "
+"estas tratando de extraer valor para tu propia ganancia. Las personas notan "
+"cuando tienes un sentido del propósito que trasciendo tu interes personal.57 "
+"Atrae empleados comprometidos, contribuyentes motivados, y construye "
+"confianza."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2138
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2137
msgid "#### Build a community"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "#### Construye una comunidad"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2148
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2147
msgid ""
"Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built "
"around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to "
"y son atraídos para los valores que se simbolizan en el uso de CC."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2159
msgid ""
"To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People "
"have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is "
"into passion is especially important in building the kinds of participative "
"communities that drive open organizations.”60"
msgstr ""
+"Sin embargo, para ser sostenible, tiene que trabajar para alimentar a la "
+"comunidad. La gente tiene que cuidarse—mutuamente y a ti. Una pieza crítica "
+"de esto es desarrollar un sentido de pertenencia. Como escribió Jono Bacon "
+"en The Art of Communnity, \"Si no hay pertenencia, no hay comunidad.\" Para "
+"Amanda Palmer y su banda, eso significa crear y aceptar un entorno inclusivo "
+"donde la gente se siente una parte de su \"pequeña familia rara.\"59 Para "
+"las organizaciones como Red Hat, eso significa conectarse alrededor de "
+"creencias y metas comunes. Como escribió el CEO Jim Whitehurst en The Open "
+"Organization, \"Aprovechar la pasión es especialmente importante para "
+"construir el tipo de comunidades participativas que dirigen las "
+"organizaciones abiertas.\"60"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2172
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2171
msgid ""
"Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki "
"wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s difficult to "
"created and imposed in a top-down manner, people feel like they don’t have a "
"voice, which in turn leads to disengagement."
msgstr ""
+"Las comunidades que colaboran juntas toman planeación anticipadamente. "
+"Surowiecki escribió, \"Toma mucho trabajo poner al grupo junto. Es difícil "
+"asegurar que las personas estan trabajando por el interes del grupo y no por "
+"el suyo. Y cuando existe una falta de confianza entre los miembros del grupo "
+"(lo cual no es sorprendente dado que no se conocen realmente), una "
+"considerable energía es desperdiciada tratando de determinar las buenas "
+"intenciones mutuas.\"61 Construir una verdadera comunidad requiere darle a "
+"las personas de la comunidad el poder de crear o influir las relgas que "
+"rigen a la comunidad.62 Si las reglas son creadas e impuestas de manera "
+"descendiente, la gente siente que no tiene una voz, lo que conlleva a la "
+"desunión."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2176
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2175
msgid ""
"Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected "
"around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about."
msgstr ""
+"La comunidad toma trabajo, pero el trabajar juntos, o simplemente el estar "
+"conectados alrededor de intereses o valores comunes, es de muchas formas de "
+"lo que se trata compartir."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2178
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2177
msgid "#### Give more to the commons than you take"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "#### Da más a los comunes de lo que te llevas"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2188
msgid ""
"Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to "
"extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what "
"product multiple times, by selling access rather than ownership.64 That is "
"not sharing."
msgstr ""
+"La sabiduría común en el mercado dicta que la gente debería extraer la mayor "
+"cantidad de dinero posible de los recursos. Esto es lo que esencialmente "
+"define mucho de la así llamada \"economía del intercambio\". En un artículo "
+"del sitio web del Harvard Business Review titulado \"The Sharing Economy "
+"Isn’t about Sharing at All\" (\"La economía del intercambio no es para nada "
+"sobre compartir\"), los autores Giana Eckhardt y Fleura Bardhi explicaron "
+"cómo las transacciones anónimas, orientadas por el mercado, en la mayoría de "
+"las empresas de la economía del intercambio son puramente para monetizar el "
+"acceso.63 Como Lisa Gansky lo puso en su libro The Mesh (La red), la "
+"estrategia primaria de la economía del intercambio es vender el mismo "
+"producto muchas veces, vendiendo el acceso antes que la propiedad.64 Eso no "
+"es compartir."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2201
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2200
msgid ""
"Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you "
"take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from "
"make money, in part by actively curating and displaying their work on its "
"platform effectively."
msgstr ""
+"El intercambio requiere añadir tanto o más valor en el ecosistema que el "
+"valor que uno toma de él. No se puede tratar al contenido abierto "
+"simplemente como un pozo común de recursos del cual extraer valor. Parte del "
+"dar de vuelta al ecosistema es contribuir contenido de vuelta al público "
+"bajo las licencias CC. Pero no tiene que ser solamente sobre crear "
+"contenido; puede ser también sobre añadir valor de otras maneras. La "
+"plataforma social de blogging Medium provee valor a su comunidad al "
+"incentivar un buen comportamiento, y el resultado es un espacio online con "
+"contenido de remarcada buena calidad generado por los usuarios y con pocos "
+"trolls.65 Opendesk contribuye a su comunidad al comprometerse a ayudar a sus "
+"diseñadores a hacer dinero, en parte al curar y exhibir activamente su "
+"trabajo en la plataforma de una manera efectiva."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2209
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2208
msgid ""
"In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you "
"add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being "
"contributed by others, providing more to contributors when the value they "
"add outweighs the value provided by you."
msgstr ""
+"En todo caso, es importante reconocer abiertamente la cantidad de valor que "
+"uno agrega contra la cantidad de valor que uno extrae de lo que fue creado "
+"por otros. Ser transparente sobre esto construye credibilidad y muestra que "
+"eres un jugador que contribuye al procomún. Cuando tu empeño está generando "
+"dinero, eso también significa aportar una compensación financiera de forma "
+"que refleje el valor contribuido por otros, dando más a quienes contribuyen "
+"cuando el valor que ellos añaden sobrepasa el valor que tú añadiste."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2211
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2210
msgid "#### Involve people in what you do"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "#### Involucra a la gente en lo que haces"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2222
+#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people "
"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent.66 But to "
"than it is for others. Groups tied together online collaborate best when "
"people can work independently and asynchronously, and particularly for "
"larger groups with loose ties, when contributors can make simple "
-"improvements without a particularly heavy time"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2224
-msgid "commitment.68"
+"improvements without a particularly heavy time commitment.68"
msgstr ""
+"Gracias a Internet, podemos utilizar los talentos y la experiencia de "
+"personas alrededor del mundo. Chris Anderson lo llama la Larga Cola del "
+"talento.66 Pero para hacer que la colaboración funcione, el grupo tiene que "
+"ser efectivo en lo que está haciendo, y la gente en el grupo tiene que "
+"encontrar satisfacción al involucrarse.67 Esto es más fácil de facilitar "
+"para cierto tipo de trabajo creativo que para otro. Los grupos online que "
+"permanecen juntos colaboran mejor cuando la gente puede trabajar de manera "
+"independiente y asíncrona, y particularmente para los grupos más grandes con "
+"lazos más sueltos, donde los contribuyentes pueden hacer simples mejoras sin "
+"un compromiso de tiempo demasiado pesado."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2233
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2231
msgid ""
"As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is "
"exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because "
"and people are inherently less motivated to contribute when it doesn’t "
"appear that their efforts will make much of a difference.69"
msgstr ""
+"Como el éxito de Wikipedia demuestra, editar una enciclopedia en línea es "
+"exactamente el tipo de actividad perfecta para la co-creación masiva porque "
+"las ediciones pequeñas e incrementales, hechas por un rango diverso de gente "
+"actuando por su cuenta, son inmensamente valiosas cuando se suman. Este "
+"mismo tipo de contribuciones pequeñas serían menos útiles para muchos otros "
+"tipos de trabajo creativo, y la gente está inherentemente menos motivada a "
+"contribuir cuando no parece que sus esfuerzos vayan a hacer mucha "
+"diferencia.69"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2250
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2248
msgid ""
"It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made "
"possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are "
"with her fans, said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input was "
"the writing, the music itself.”71"
msgstr ""
+"Es fácil idealizar las oportunidades de la co-creación global que se dan "
+"gracias a Internet. De hecho, los ejemples exitosos son verdaderamente "
+"increíbles e inspiradores, pero un amplio rango de circunstancias —"
+"probablemente en la mayoría de casos— la co-creación comunitaria no es parte "
+"de la ecuación, incluso en los emprendimientos construidos sobre contenido "
+"liberado con una licencia CC. Shirky escribió: \"A veces el valor del "
+"trabajo profesional triunfa sobre el valor del compartir de la gente común, "
+"o sobre la sensación de pertenencia.70 El editor de libros de textos "
+"OpenStax, que distribuye todo su material de manera gratuita con una "
+"licencia CC, es un ejemplo de está dinámica. En lugar de ayudarse en la "
+"comunidad para co-crear sus libros escolares, invierten una cantidad "
+"significativa de tiempo y dinero en desarrollar contenido profesional.\n"
+"\n"
+"Para los creadores individuales, la co-creación comunitaria es raramente una "
+"parte de la imagen. <em>Su</em> trabajo creativo es la base de lo que hacen. "
+"Incluso la música Amanda Palmer, famosa por su nivel de apertura e "
+"interacción con sus fans, dijo: \"El único área donde no estuve dispuesta a "
+"recibir aportes era en la escritura, en la música misma\".71"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2259
msgid ""
"While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear "
"the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process "
"calls this the abundance mentality—treating ideas like something plentiful—"
"and it can create an environment where collaboration flourishes.73"
msgstr ""
+"Si bien tendemos a pensar inmediatamente en la co-creación y en el remix "
+"cuando escuchamos la palabra colaboración, también se puede involucrar a "
+"otros en tu proceso creativo de maneras más informales, intercambiando ideas "
+"a medio desarrollar y borradores tempranos, e interactuando con el público "
+"para incubar ideas y obtener retroalimentación. El así llamado proceso de "
+"hacer cosas \"en público\" hace que la gente se sienta más involucrada con "
+"tu trabajo creativo.72 y muestra un enfoque no territorial hacia las ideas y "
+"la información. Stephen Covey (autor de \"Los siete habítos de la gente "
+"altamente efectiva\") llama a esto la mentalidad de la abundancia: tratar a "
+"las ideas como algo pleno. Esto puede crear un ambiente donde la "
+"colaboración florece.73"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2268
msgid ""
"There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a "
"way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own "
"consumers as passive recipients of your content and transition them into "
"active participants.75"
msgstr ""
+"No hay una forma de involucrar a la gente en lo que haces. La clave es "
+"encontrar una forma para que la gente pueda contribuir en sus propios "
+"términos, impulsada por sus propias motivaciones.74 Cómo se ve eso varía "
+"muchísimo dependiendo del proyecto. No todos los emprendimientos que están "
+"Hechos con Creative Commons pueden ser como Wikipedia, pero cada "
+"emprendimiento necesita encontrar formas de invitar al público a ser parte. "
+"La meta de cualquier forma de colaboración es dejar de pensar en los "
+"consumidores como receptores pasivos de tu contenido y convertirlos en "
+"participantes activos.75"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2272
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2270
msgid "#### Notes"
msgstr "#### Notas"
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371
msgid ""
"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at "
"strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation."
msgstr ""
+"Alex Osterwalder & Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
+"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. Una previsualización del libro está "
+"disponible en: strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation."
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
msgstr ""
+"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
+"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371
msgid "Ibid., 55."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Ibid., 55."
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), "
"224."
msgstr ""
+"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
+"Something for Nothing, nueva impresión con un nuevo prefacio (New York: "
+"Hyperion, 2010), 224."
#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371
msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
#. type: Bullet: '6. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371
msgid ""
"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
msgstr ""
+"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
+"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
#. type: Bullet: '7. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371
msgid ""
"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
"2012), 64."
msgstr ""
+"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
+"2012), 64."
#. type: Bullet: '8. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371
msgid ""
"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
msgstr ""
+"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
+"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
-#, no-wrap
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2371
+#, fuzzy, no-wrap
msgid ""
"9. Anderson, Makers, 66.\n"
"10. Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy\n"
"75. Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of\n"
" Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188.\n"
msgstr ""
+"9. Anderson, Makers, 66.\n"
+"10. Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy\n"
+" (New York: Morgan James, 2016), 10.\n"
+"11. Anderson, Free, 62.\n"
+"12. Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38.\n"
+"13. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68.\n"
+"14. Anderson, Free, 86.\n"
+"15. Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144.\n"
+"16. Anderson, Free, 123.\n"
+"17. Ibid., 132.\n"
+"18. Ibid., 70.\n"
+"19. James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books,\n"
+" 2005), 124. Surowiecki says, “The measure of success of laws and\n"
+" contracts is how rarely they are invoked.”\n"
+"20. Anderson, Free, 44.\n"
+"21. Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23.\n"
+"22. Anderson, Free, 67.\n"
+"23. Ibid., 58.\n"
+"24. Anderson, Makers, 71.\n"
+"25. Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into\n"
+" Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78.\n"
+"26. Ibid., 21.\n"
+"27. Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43.\n"
+"28. William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, “Ten\n"
+" Nonprofit Funding Models,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring\n"
+" 2009, ssir.org/articles/entry/ten\\_nonprofit\\_funding\\_models.\n"
+"29. Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111.\n"
+"30. Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30.\n"
+"31. Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and\n"
+" Performance (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202.\n"
+"32. Anderson, Free, 71.\n"
+"33. Ibid., 231.\n"
+"34. Ibid., 97.\n"
+"35. Anderson, Makers, 107.\n"
+"36. Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89.\n"
+"37. Ibid., 92.\n"
+"38. Anderson, Free, 142.\n"
+"39. Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32.\n"
+"40. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150.\n"
+"41. Ibid., 134.\n"
+"42. Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our\n"
+" Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109.\n"
+"43. Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and\n"
+" Get Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93.\n"
+"44. Kramer, Shareology, 76.\n"
+"45. Palmer, Art of Asking, 252.\n"
+"46. Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145.\n"
+"47. Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203.\n"
+"48. Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80.\n"
+"49. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25.\n"
+"50. Ibid., 31.\n"
+"51. Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112.\n"
+"52. Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124.\n"
+"53. Kleon, Show Your Work, 127.\n"
+"54. Palmer, Art of Asking, 121.\n"
+"55. Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87.\n"
+"56. Ibid., 105.\n"
+"57. Ibid., 36.\n"
+"58. Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly\n"
+" Media, 2012), 36.\n"
+"59. Palmer, Art of Asking, 98.\n"
+"60. Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34.\n"
+"61. Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200.\n"
+"62. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29.\n"
+"63. Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about\n"
+" Sharing at All,” Harvard Business Review (website), January 28,\n"
+" 2015, hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all.\n"
+"64. Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing,\n"
+" reprint with new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012).\n"
+"65. David Lee, “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the\n"
+" Internet,” BBC News, March 3, 2016,\n"
+" www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680.\n"
+"66. Anderson, Makers, 148.\n"
+"67. Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164.\n"
+"68. Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization.\n"
+"69. Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144.\n"
+"70. Ibid., 154.\n"
+"71. Palmer, Art of Asking, 163.\n"
+"72. Anderson, Makers, 173.\n"
+"73. Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the\n"
+" Potential within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82.\n"
+"74. Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization.\n"
+"75. Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of\n"
+" Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188.\n"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
msgid "## The Creative Commons Licenses"
-msgstr "## El nacimiento de Creative Commons"
+msgstr "## Las Licencias Creative Commons"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2386
msgid ""
"All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a "
"minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form "
msgstr ""
"Todas las licencias Creative Commons otorgan un conjunto básico de permisos. "
"Como mínimo, una obra licenciada bajo CC puede ser copiada y compartida en "
-"su forma original, para propósitos no comerciales, siempre y cuando se dé "
-"atribución a su creador. Hay seis licencias en la familia de CC construidas "
-"sobre ese conjunto básico de permisos, cubriendo desde el más restrictivo "
-"(autorizando únicamente dichos permisos básicos para compartir versiones sin "
-"modificaciones para propósitos no comerciales) hasta el más permisivo (los "
-"reutilizadores pueden hacer lo que quieran con el trabajo, incluyendo su uso "
-"comercial, en tanto den atribución al creador). Estas licencias están "
-"fundamentadas en el derecho de autor, y no cubren otro tipo de derechos que "
-"los creadores puedan emplear en sus trabajos, tales como patentes o marcas "
-"registradas."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2390
+"su forma original, para propósitos no comerciales, siempre y cuando se "
+"brinde atribución a su creador. Hay seis licencias en la familia de CC "
+"construidas sobre ese conjunto básico de permisos, cubriendo desde el más "
+"restrictivo (autorizando únicamente permisos básicos para compartir "
+"versiones, sin modificaciones y para propósitos no comerciales) hasta el más "
+"permisivo (los reutilizadores pueden hacer lo que quieran con el trabajo, "
+"incluyendo su uso comercial, en tanto den atribución al creador). Estas "
+"licencias están fundamentadas en el derecho de autor, y no cubren otro tipo "
+"de derechos que los creadores puedan emplear en sus trabajos, tales como "
+"patentes o marcas registradas."
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2388
msgid "Here are the six licenses:"
msgstr "A continuación se presentan las seis licencias:"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2391
+#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"{width=\"4.198in\" "
"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"4.198in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2397
msgid ""
"The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the "
"Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials."
msgstr ""
"La licencia de Atribución (CC BY) permite a terceros distribuir, remezclar, "
-"modificar, y construir sobre su trabajo, incluso con fines comerciales, "
-"siempre y cuando le den crédito por su creación original. Esta es la más "
-"amplia de las licencias ofrecidas. Se recomienda para la máxima diseminación "
-"y uso de los materiales licenciados."
+"modificar y construir sobre tu obra, incluso con fines comerciales, siempre "
+"y cuando te den crédito por tu creación original. Esta es la más amplia de "
+"las licencias ofrecidas. Se recomienda para máxima diseminación y para uso "
+"de materiales licenciados."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2402
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2400
msgid ""
"{width=\"4.198in\" "
"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"4.198in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2409
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2407
msgid ""
"The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit "
"also allow commercial use."
msgstr ""
"La licencia Atribución-CompartirIgual (CC BY-SA) permite a terceros "
-"remezclar, modificar y construir sobre de su trabajo, siempre y cuando le "
-"den crédito, y licencien a sus nuevas creaciones bajo términos idénticos a "
-"los utilizados por usted. Esta licencia frecuentemente se compara con las "
-"licencias de software libre y abierto tipo ”copyleft”. Todos los trabajos "
-"nuevos derivados del suyo llevarán la misma licencia, por lo cual todo "
-"trabajo derivado también permitirá el uso con fines comerciales."
+"remezclar, modificar y construir sobre de tu obra, siempre y cuando te den "
+"crédito y licencien a sus nuevas creaciones bajo términos idénticos a los "
+"utilizados por ti. Esta licencia frecuentemente se compara con las licencias "
+"de software libre y abierto tipo ”copyleft”. Todos los trabajos nuevos "
+"derivados del tuyo llevarán la misma licencia, por lo cual toda obra "
+"derivada también permitirá el uso con fines comerciales."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2412
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2410
msgid ""
"{width=\"4.198in\" "
"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"4.198in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2414
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, "
"commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with "
"credit to you."
msgstr ""
-"La licencia Atribución-SinDerivadas (CC BY-ND) permite la redistribución, "
-"con fines comerciales y no comerciales por igual, siempre y cuando se haga "
-"sin modificaciones, y le den crédito como autor."
+"La licencia Atribución-SinDerivadas (CC BY-ND) permite la redistribución con "
+"fines comerciales y no comerciales por igual, siempre y cuando se haga sin "
+"modificaciones y te den crédito como autor."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2419
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2417
msgid ""
"{width=\"4.198in\" "
"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"4.198in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2422
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, "
"and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also "
"same terms."
msgstr ""
"La licencia Atribución-NoComercial (CC BY-NC) permite a terceros remezclar, "
-"modificar, y construir sobre su trabajo con fines no comerciales "
-"exclusivamente. Si bien en los trabajos derivados se debe mantener el "
-"crédito a usted como creador, no tienen la obligación de licenciarlos bajo "
-"estos mismos términos."
+"modificar y construir sobre tu obra con fines no comerciales exclusivamente. "
+"Si bien en los trabajos derivados se debe mantener el crédito hacia ti como "
+"creador, no tienen la obligación de licenciarlos bajo estos mismos términos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2427
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2425
msgid ""
"{width=\"4.198in\" "
"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"4.198in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2431
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2429
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others "
"remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they "
"creaciones bajo los mismos términos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2434
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2432
msgid ""
"{width=\"4.198in\" "
"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"4.198in\" "
+"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2439
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2437
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most "
"restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your "
"posibilidad de modificarla de ninguna manera o utilizarla comercialmente."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2444
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2442
msgid ""
"In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain "
"tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of "
"cuyos plazos de derechos de autor han expirado:"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2447
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2445
msgid ""
"{width=\"4.1665in"
"\" height=\"1.4689in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"4.1665in"
+"\" height=\"1.4689in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2450
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2448
msgid ""
"CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the "
"worldwide public domain (“no rights reserved”)."
"al dominio público en todo el mundo (”ningún derecho reservado”)."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2451
msgid ""
"{width=\"4.1665in"
"\" height=\"1.4689in\"}"
msgstr ""
+"{width=\"4.1665in"
+"\" height=\"1.4689in\"}"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2455
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and "
"discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions."
"derecho autoral."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2464
msgid ""
"In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use "
"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-"
"digital, amplifican su involucramiento y compromiso de compartir."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2478
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2476
msgid ""
"There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses "
"offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off "
"largometraje, o evitar que otra compañía venda copias físicas del mismo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2488
msgid ""
"The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to "
"how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The "
"distribuidora descubra su trabajo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2493
msgid ""
"Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a "
"concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit "
"médicos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2505
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2503
msgid ""
"There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions "
"reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work "
"entre distintos dominios."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2507
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2505
msgid "Note"
msgstr "Notas"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2509
msgid ""
"For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work "
"in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called “Share "
"Your Work” en"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2511
msgid "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/."
msgstr "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2515
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2513
msgid "# Part 2"
msgstr "# Parte 2"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2517
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2515
msgid "# The Case Studies"
msgstr "# Los estudios de caso"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2523
msgid ""
"The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of "
"nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and "
"por nosotros."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2531
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2529
msgid ""
"We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, "
"based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for "
"en buena medida la manera en que nos fue contado por quienes entrevistamos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2531
msgid "## Arduino"
msgstr "## Arduino"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2536
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2534
msgid ""
"Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer "
"hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy."
"hardware y software con fines de lucro. Fundada en Italia en 2005."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2538
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2536
msgid "www.arduino.cc"
msgstr "www.arduino.cc"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2540
msgid ""
"Revenue model: charging for physical copies (sales of boards, modules, "
"shields, and kits), licensing a trademark (fees paid by those who want to "
"por aquellos que quieren vender productos Arduino utilizando su nombre)"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2544
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3227
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3225
msgid "Interview date: February 4, 2016"
msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 4 de febrero, 2016"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2546
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2544
msgid "Interviewees: David Cuartielles and Tom Igoe, cofounders"
msgstr "Entrevistados: David Cuartielles y Tom Igoe, cofundadores"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2548
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3231
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3586
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3791
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4031
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4268
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4678
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4890
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5117
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5355
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5790
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6035
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6424
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7068
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2546
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3584
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3789
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4029
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4266
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5115
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5353
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6421
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7065
msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey"
msgstr "Perfil escrito por Paul Stacey"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2560
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2558
msgid ""
"In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, "
"teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming "
"software bajo la Licencia Pública General (GPL) de GNU."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2566
msgid ""
"Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a "
"button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, "
"hacer artes visuales)."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2575
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2573
msgid ""
"“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. "
"Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature of "
"lo que pensamos siquiera en construir.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2584
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2582
msgid ""
"For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. "
"He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and "
"de Tom, ”abrir las fuentes facilita confiar en un producto.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2591
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2589
msgid ""
"With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders "
"started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called "
"se invirtieron en sostener y mejorar a Arduino."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2598
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2596
msgid ""
"For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves "
"the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves "
"cliente lo hace a uno más confiado y convincente al vender el producto."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2610
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2608
msgid ""
"Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a "
"grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and "
"vendido a un precio razonable, la gente lo comprará."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2621
msgid ""
"Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, "
"artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called "
"accesible, útil tanto para novatos como para expertos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2628
msgid ""
"Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other "
"businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino "
"altos para sostener el negocio."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2636
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2634
msgid ""
"For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a "
"success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a "
"compartir las cosas bajo un modelo abierto únicamente le ayudará.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2644
msgid ""
"While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures "
"longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create "
"asegurar que la mueva versión es igualmente libre y abierta."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2656
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2654
msgid ""
"Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, "
"with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed "
"incorpora en sus nuevos productos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2663
msgid ""
"Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and "
"adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level "
"tarjeta para darle mayor funcionalidad), y kits.1"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2674
msgid ""
"Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, "
"and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their "
"problemas de la gente. La comunidad creció orgánicamente desde ese punto."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2684
msgid ""
"A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a "
"way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a "
"no sufre por copias de mala calidad."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2694
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2692
msgid ""
"Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the "
"United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only "
"generación de ganancias para Arduino."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2701
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2699
msgid ""
"How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly "
"agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, "
"herramienta crítica para Arduino."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2714
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2712
msgid ""
"David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a "
"default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really "
"oficiales y aquellas que son clones, derivados, compatibles, y falsificados.2"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2718
msgid ""
"For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use "
"it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making "
"cosas.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2726
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2724
msgid ""
"Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics "
"reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about “the "
"alfabetización que todos debieran aprender.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2728
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product "
"development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for "
"precios, y bueno para la manufactura."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2732
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3770
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4010
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4247
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4869
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5094
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5333
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5580
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6013
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6241
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6682
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2730
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3768
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4245
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4867
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5331
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5578
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6011
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6679
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7246
msgid "Web links"
msgstr "Vínculos Web"
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2735
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2733
msgid "www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products"
msgstr "www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products"
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2735
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2733
msgid "blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/"
msgstr "blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2737
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2735
msgid "## Ártica"
msgstr "## Ártica"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2741
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2739
msgid ""
"Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use "
"digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and "
"colaboración en las artes y la cultura. Fundada en 2011 en Uruguay."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2743
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2741
msgid "www.articaonline.com"
msgstr "www.articaonline.com"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2743
msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services"
msgstr "Modelo de ganancia: cobrar por servicios personalizados"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2747
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2745
msgid "Interview date: March 9, 2016"
msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: 9 de marzo de 2016"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2747
msgid "Interviewees: Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto, cofounders"
msgstr "Entravistados: Mariana Fossatti y Jorge Gemetto, cofundadores"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2751
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2901
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3056
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3397
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4509
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5597
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6265
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6702
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6880
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7268
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2899
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3054
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3395
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4507
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6699
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6877
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7265
msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr "Perfil escrito por Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2756
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2754
msgid ""
"The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the "
"ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the "
"que ellos construyeron por sí mismos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2758
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2756
msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them."
msgstr "El trabajo de sus sueños no existía, así que lo crearon."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2768
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2766
msgid ""
"In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization "
"to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. "
"crean proyectos artísticos y culturales en la Internet."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2779
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2777
msgid ""
"Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small "
"company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and "
"intermediarios."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2786
msgid ""
"Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps "
"clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call "
"personalizados."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2795
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2793
msgid ""
"When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to "
"attract large audiences. “Over the years, we realized that online "
"especializados."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2801
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2799
msgid ""
"Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than "
"a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event "
"individuales."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2807
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2805
msgid ""
"Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. "
"Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new "
"les lleva a algo nuevo, cada nuevo recurso que crean abre nuevas puertas."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2821
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2819
msgid ""
"Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to "
"attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, "
"un acuerdo justo y ético.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2827
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2825
msgid ""
"They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build "
"their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A "
"oportunidades para su negocio."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2834
msgid ""
"This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—"
"in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they "
"complejo en el futuro, como un curso o un libro.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2844
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2842
msgid ""
"Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process "
"be dynamic. “This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in order to "
"importante como el producto final."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2850
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2848
msgid ""
"People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In the "
"educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay attention to "
"importante son las relaciones.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2854
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2852
msgid ""
"Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections "
"with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them "
"compartir sus conocimientos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2865
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2863
msgid ""
"At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content is "
"not enough,” Jorge said. “We also think that it is very important to take a "
"cultura."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2871
msgid ""
"Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. "
"Human resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of "
"eficiente y sostenible, y por esto, es un éxito."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2879
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2877
msgid ""
"“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it is "
"easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very specific and "
"hacerlo de forma sostenible y colaborativa."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2883
msgid ""
"In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that "
"this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get "
"cómo se ve.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2887
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2885
msgid "## Blender Institute"
msgstr "## Blender Institute"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2888
msgid ""
"The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using "
"Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands."
"utilizando el software Blender. Fundado en 2006 en los Países Bajos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2892
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2890
msgid "www.blender.org"
msgstr "www.blender.org"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2893
msgid ""
"Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for physical "
"copies, selling merchandise"
"copias físicas, venta de mercancía"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2897
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2895
msgid "Interview date: March 8, 2016"
msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 8 de marzo, 2016"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2899
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2897
msgid "Interviewee: Francesco Siddi, production coordinator"
msgstr "Entrevistado: Francesco Siddi, coordinador de producción"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2910
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2908
msgid ""
"For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related "
"entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software "
"Blender y a su comunidad de maneras concretas."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2919
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2917
msgid ""
"Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed "
"outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as "
"en conjunto."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2925
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2923
msgid ""
"Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free "
"culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s "
"contenido empleando tus propias herramientas, no estás haciendo nada.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2935
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2933
msgid ""
"Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender "
"software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his "
"bajo la Licencia Pública General GNU."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2945
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2943
msgid ""
"This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites "
"existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly "
"comunidad de desarrolladores para que el proyecto pudiera vivir.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2952
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2950
msgid ""
"Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed "
"quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. “Software "
"administrar al desarrollo y mantenimiento de software."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2961
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2959
msgid ""
"After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the "
"software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the "
"programa Blender."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2966
msgid ""
"They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had "
"about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs "
"creerlo.'”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2972
msgid ""
"The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so "
"successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity "
"sus caracteres animados fueron recogidos por vendedores."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2985
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2983
msgid ""
"Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten "
"bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more "
"limitantes presupuestales.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2991
msgid ""
"Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the "
"years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is "
"comprende el beneficio de estos proyectos,” dice Francesco."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3000
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2998
msgid ""
"While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for "
"crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found "
"entonces termina. Eso es un problema.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3012
msgid ""
"To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing "
"support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender "
"otros materiales utilizados en varios proyectos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3019
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3017
msgid ""
"The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five "
"to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their "
"nuesra libertad,” nos dice, ”y para los artistas, la libertad lo es todo.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3026
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3024
msgid ""
"Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The "
"Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes "
"productos Blender."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3031
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3029
msgid ""
"Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly "
"twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making "
"abierto. Vender una licencia nunca fue parte de su modelo de negocios."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3039
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3037
msgid ""
"Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their "
"source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into "
"presupuesto reproducir lo que hiciste”, dijo Ton."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3041
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3039
msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing."
msgstr "Para Ton y Blender, a fin de cuentas todo se trata de hacer."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3043
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3041
msgid "## Cards Against Humanity"
msgstr "## Cards Against Humanity"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3046
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3044
msgid ""
"Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular "
"party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S."
"Estados Unidos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3048
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3046
msgid "www.cardsagainsthumanity.com"
msgstr "www.cardsagainsthumanity.com"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3048
msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies"
msgstr "Modelo de ganancia: Cobrar por copias físicas"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3050
msgid "Interview date: February 3, 2016"
msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 3 de febrero, 2016"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3054
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3052
msgid "Interviewee: Max Temkin, cofounder"
msgstr "Entrevistado: Max Temkin, cofundador"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3059
msgid ""
"If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting "
"about the Cards Against Humanity business model. “We make a product. We sell "
"del que ganamos”."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3067
msgid ""
"He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after "
"the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-"
"lograr un juego hilarante y divertido."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3075
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3073
msgid ""
"The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a "
"profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is "
"oficiales, así como ediciones internacionales."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3080
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3078
msgid ""
"But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a "
"digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than "
"contar las descargas."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3086
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3084
msgid ""
"The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
"(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can "
"juego es todo un nuevo juego por sí solo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3091
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3089
msgid ""
"All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free "
"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive "
"una base de seguidores masiva."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3102
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3100
msgid ""
"Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against "
"Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max "
"obtuvieron \\$15,000. El juego salió oficialmente a mercado en mayo de 2011."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3106
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3104
msgid ""
"The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. "
"Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make "
"decidieran hacer de éste un negocio continuado. ”Simplemente ocurrió,” dice."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3111
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3109
msgid ""
"But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like the "
"game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. It is "
"preguntas frecuentes de su sitio Web ”Tus tontas preguntas.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3123
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3121
msgid ""
"Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity "
"and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday "
"su Venta de Todo Cuesta \\$5 Más."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3125
msgid ""
"“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans were "
"going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went with it. "
"hicimos. La gente aceptó perfectamente el chiste.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3132
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3130
msgid ""
"This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it "
"engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in "
"hacemos.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3139
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3137
msgid ""
"Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a little "
"subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke.” One "
"haciéndolo exitoso. Obtuvieron \\$70,000 en un sólo día."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3150
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3148
msgid ""
"This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their "
"decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your "
"veces, porque los beneficios son muchísimos.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3157
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3155
msgid ""
"Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, "
"but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The "
"del juego creadas por los seguidores."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3162
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3160
msgid ""
"Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people "
"involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the "
"en la comercialización.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3173
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3171
msgid ""
"Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do "
"with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
"habido un puñado de casos en los que involucraron a un abogado."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3179
msgid ""
"Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity "
"business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, "
"cantidad de trabajo y de atención a las sutilezas.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3190
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3188
msgid ""
"That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a "
"submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of "
"publicado, una vez que la gente crea sus propias adaptaciones del juego."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3196
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3194
msgid ""
"For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only "
"partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in "
"más chistes y juegos,” dice."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3201
msgid ""
"In fact, the company has given more than \\$4 million to various charities "
"and causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all have other "
"juego hacia ellas.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3209
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3207
msgid ""
"Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them "
"to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing "
"obtener más dinero de los clientes."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3212
msgid ""
"“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” Max "
"said. “If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not best "
"quién es usted, y por qué está haciendo las cosas.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3216
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3214
msgid "## The Conversation"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "## The Conversation (La conversación)"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3220
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3218
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic "
"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. "
"Founded in 2011 in Australia."
msgstr ""
+"The Conversation es un medio de comunicación independiente, origiando en la "
+"comunidad académica y de investigación y entregado directamente al público a "
+"través de Internet. Fundado en el 2011 en Australia."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3220
msgid "theconversation.com"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "theconversation.com"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3223
msgid ""
"Revenue model: charging content creators (universities pay membership fees "
"to have their faculties serve as writers), grant funding"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de ingresos: cobrarle a los creadores de contenidos (las "
+"universidades pagan una cuota de membresía para tener a sus profesores como "
+"escritores), donaciones"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3229
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3227
msgid "Interviewee: Andrew Jaspan, founder"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Andrew Jaspan, fundador"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3239
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3237
msgid ""
"Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the "
"Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, "
"After he left the Age in 2005, his concern for the future journalism didn’t "
"go away. Andrew made a commitment to come up with an alternative model."
msgstr ""
+"Andrew Jaspan pasó muchos años como editor de periódicos importantes "
+"incluyendo el the Observer en Londres, el the Sunday Herald en Glasgow, y el "
+"the Age en Melbourne, Australia. Experimentó de primera mano el declinar de "
+"los periódicos, incluyendo el colapso de las ganancias, inactividad, y la "
+"presión constante de la reducción de costos. Después de que dejó the Age en "
+"2005, su preocupación por el futuro del periodismo no desapareció. Andrew "
+"realizó un compromiso de regresar con un modelo alternativo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3245
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3243
msgid ""
"Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew "
"wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather "
"journalism with depth and substance but was concerned about the increasing "
"focus on the sensational and sexy."
msgstr ""
+"Cerca del tiempo en que él dejó su trabajo como editor del Melbourne Age, "
+"Andrew se preguntó de dondé los ciudadanos obtedrian noticias basadas en "
+"hechos y evidencias en vez de la opinión o la ideología. Creía que todavia "
+"existía un apetito por el periodismo con substancia y profundidad pero "
+"estaba preocupado acerca de la creciente fijación en el sensacionalismo y lo "
+"sexy."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3263
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3261
msgid ""
"While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university "
"in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an "
"disconnected from it. They are an enormous public resource but not that good "
"at presenting their expertise to the wider public."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3274
+"Mientras estaba en the Age, se volvio amigo de un vice-canciller de una "
+"universidad en Melbourne quien lo motivó para hablar con gente inteligente "
+"en el campus—un astofísico, un premio Nobel, científicos terrestres, "
+"econmistas …Estos fueron el tipo de gente inteligente que quisiera que "
+"estuviera más involucrada en informar al mundo acerca de lo que está "
+"ocurriendo y que corrigiera los errores que aparecen en los medios. Sin "
+"embargo, rechazaron involucrarse con los medios de comunicación. Comúnmente, "
+"los periodistas no entienden lo que dicen, o escogen unilateralmente qué "
+"aspecto de la historia contar, dejando afuera una versión que estas personas "
+"sienten que es incorrecta o tergiversada. Los periodicos quieren atraer a un "
+"público masivo. Los expertos quieren comunicar noticias serias, hallazgos, y "
+"descubrimientos. No es un encuentro perfecto. Las Universidades son un "
+"repositorio masivo de conocimiento, investigación, sabiduría, y pericia. "
+"Pero mucho de eso se queda detrás de una pared de su propia hechura— existen "
+"las metáforas de la torre de marfil y el jardín encerrado, y en términos más "
+"literales el muro del pago. Hablando ampliamente, las universidades son "
+"parte de la sociedad pero desconectada de ella. Existe un inmenso recurso "
+"público pero no tan bueno al exhibir su experiencia ante amplias audiencias."
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3272
msgid ""
"Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public "
"arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought "
"Compare this with reporters just picking and choosing the quotes and writing "
"whatever they want."
msgstr ""
+"Andrew creyó que el podría ayudar a conectar a los académicos con la arena "
+"pública nuevamente, y tal vez ayudar a la sociedad a encontrar soluciones a "
+"grandes problemas. El pensó en reunir a editores profesionales con "
+"universidades e investigadores expertos, trabajando en conjunto para refinar "
+"todo desde la estructura de la historia hasta el encabezado, titulos y "
+"frases. Los editores pueden ayudar a cambiar algo que es académico en algo "
+"entendible u legible. Y esto sería la principal diferencia con respecto al "
+"periodismo tradicional—El experto en el tema tendría la oportunidad de "
+"verificar el artículo y dar la aprobación final antes de ser publicado. "
+"Comparen esto con los reporteros tomando y escogiendo las sentencias y "
+"escribiendo lo que ellos quieran."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3285
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3283
msgid ""
"The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money "
"and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial "
"was launched as an independent news site in Australia. Everything published "
"in the Conversation is openly licensed with Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
+"La gente con la que habló le gustó la idea, y Andrew se embarco en "
+"recolectar dinero y apoyo con la ayuda de la Organizacion para la "
+"investigación Industrial y Científica (CSIRO), Universidad de Melbourne, "
+"Universidad Monash, la Universidad de Tecnología Sydney, y la Universidad "
+"del Oeste de Australia. Estos participantes del financiamiento vieron el "
+"valor de un canal independiente de información que mostraría el talento y "
+"conocimiento de la Universidad y el sector de la investigación. Con su "
+"ayuda, en 2011, el sitio de noticias independiente the Conversation fue "
+"lanzado en Australia. Todo lo publicado en the Conversation es abiertamente "
+"licenciado con Creative Commons."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3294
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3292
msgid ""
"The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning "
"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. "
"dedicated to the public good. Their core mission is simple: to provide "
"readers with a reliable source of evidence-based information."
msgstr ""
+"The Conversation está basada en la creencia de que lo que subyace en una "
+"democracia que funciona es el acceso al periodismo informativo, "
+"independiente y de alta calidad. El objetivo de The Conversation es que la "
+"gente tenga una mejor comprensión de los hechos actuales y de temas "
+"complejos —y ojalá una mejor calidad de discurso público. The Conversation "
+"se ve a sí mismo como una fuente de información confiable dedicada al bien "
+"común. Su misión central es simple: proveer a los lectores una fuente "
+"fidedigna de información basada en evidencia."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3307
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3305
msgid ""
"Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible "
"content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of "
"Conversation is committed to an open and free Internet. Everyone should have "
"free access to their content, and be able to share it or republish it."
msgstr ""
+"Andrew trabajó mucho para reinventar una metodología para crear contenido "
+"confiable y creíble. Introdujo nuevas prácticas de trabajo, un estatuto y "
+"códigos de conducta.1 Estas guías incluyen divulgar quién es cada autor (con "
+"su experiencia relevante); quién está financiando su investigación; y si hay "
+"algún conflicto de intereses potencial o real. También es importante dónde "
+"se genera el contenido, e incluso si viene de la universidad y de una "
+"comunidad de investigación, este contenido necesita divulgarse "
+"completamente. The Conversation no se sienta detrás de los paywalls. Andrew "
+"cree que el acceso a la infromación es una cuestión de equidad —todos "
+"deberían tener acceso, tal como tener acceso al agua potable es un derecho. "
+"The Conversation está comprometida con una Internet abierta y libre. "
+"Cualquiera debería tener libre acceso a su contenido y poder compartirlo o "
+"republicarlo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3318
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3316
msgid ""
"Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the "
"Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for "
"Commons license, and in Andrew’s view, Creative Commons is central to "
"everything the Conversation does."
msgstr ""
+"Creative Commons ayuda con estos objetivos; los artículos están publicados "
+"con la licencia Atribución - Sin Obras Derivadas (CC BY-ND). Están "
+"libremente disponibles para que otros las republiquen en otros lados siempre "
+"y cuando se atribuya correctamente y el contenido no sea editado. En estos "
+"cinco años, más de veintidós mil sitios han republicado sus contenidos. El "
+"sitio web de The Conversation recibe alrededor de 2.9 millones de visitas "
+"únicas por mes, pero a través de la republicación tienen 35 millones de "
+"lectores. Esto no podría haberse alcanzado sin las licencias Creative "
+"Commons, y en la visión de Andrew, Creative Commons es central para todo lo "
+"que hace The Conversation."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3325
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3323
msgid ""
"When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find "
"and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has grown "
"they do promote their work through social media (including Twitter and "
"Facebook), and by being an accredited supplier to Google News."
msgstr ""
+"Cuando los lectores se encuentran con The Conversation, parece gustarles lo "
+"que encuentran y se lo recomiendan a sus amigos, pares y redes de contactos. "
+"El número de lectores ha crecido principalmente a través del boca en boca. "
+"Mientras que no tienen un área de marketing o de ventas, sí promueven su "
+"trabajo a través de las redes sociales (incluyendo Twitter y Facebook) y a "
+"través de ser un proveedor acreditado para el feed de Noticias de Google."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3333
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3331
msgid ""
"It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of "
"company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the "
"eyeballs as possible and sell ads. The Conversation founders didn’t want "
"this model. It takes no advertising and is a not-for-profit venture."
msgstr ""
+"Es usual para los fundadores de cualquier empresa el preguntarse qué tipo de "
+"empresa debería ser. Para los creadores de The Conversation estuvo claro "
+"rápidamente que querían crear un bien público antes que hacer dinero a "
+"partir de la información. La mayoría de los medios de comunicación están "
+"trabajando para agregar la mayor cantidad posible de ojos y vender anuncios. "
+"Los fundadores de The Conversation no querían este modelo. The Conversation "
+"no recibe ningún anuncio y es una empresa sin ánimo de lucro."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3342
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3340
msgid ""
"There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United "
"Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for "
"hundred universities around the world. The Conversation would like to be "
"working with university scholars from even more parts of the world."
msgstr ""
+"Ahora hay diferentes ediciones de The Conversation para África, el Reino "
+"Unido, Francia y los Estados Unidos, además de la edición de Australia. "
+"Todas las cinco ediciones tienen sus propios jefes editoriales, consejos "
+"asesores y contenido. La redacción virtual global de The Conversation tiene "
+"aproximadamente noventa personas trabajando para treinta y cinco mil "
+"académicos de más de ciento sesenta universidades alrededor del mundo. A The "
+"Conversation le gustaría estar trabajando con más académicos de otras partes "
+"del mundo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3349
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3347
msgid ""
"Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic "
"partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, "
"to sustain operations. This would safeguard the current service and help "
"improve coverage and features."
msgstr ""
+"Adicionalmente, cada edición tiene su propio conjunto de socios, socios "
+"estratégicos y donantes. Han recibido financiamiento de fundaciones, "
+"corporaciones, instituciones y donaciones individuales, pero The "
+"Conversation está cambiando hacia membresías pagas por las universidades y "
+"las instituciones de investigación para sostener sus actividades. Esto "
+"permitiría salvaguardar el servicio actual y ayudaría a mejorar la cobertura "
+"y las características distintivas del servicio."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3355
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3353
msgid ""
"When professors from member universities write an article, there is some "
"branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation "
"Early participants may be designated as “founding members,” with seats on "
"the editorial advisory board."
msgstr ""
+"Cuando los profesores de las universidades miembro escriben un artículo, hay "
+"cierta publicidad de la universidad asociada con el artículo. En el sitio "
+"web de The Conversation, las universidades miembros que pagan están listadas "
+"como \"miembros y donadores\". Los participantes pioneros pueden ser "
+"designados como \"miembros fundadores\", con asientos en el consejo "
+"editorial asesor."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3363
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3361
msgid ""
"Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing "
"from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also "
"countries the readership represents, where the article is being republished, "
"and the number of readers per article."
msgstr ""
+"A los académicos no se les paga por sus contribuciones, pero reciben de "
+"manera gratuita el servicio de edición por parte de un profesional (en "
+"promedio, alrededor de cuatro a cinco horas por artículo). También tienen "
+"acceso a una audiencia muy grande. Cada autor y universidad miembro tiene "
+"acceso a un tablero especial de estadísticas donde pueden chequear el "
+"alcance de un artículo. Las métricas incluyen lo que la gente está "
+"twitteando, los comentarios, los países de donde provenien los lectores, "
+"dónde se está republicando el artículo y el número de lecturas por artículo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3367
msgid ""
"The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but "
"impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a "
"a show to discuss their piece, give a talk at a conference, collaborate, "
"submit a journal paper, and consult a company on a topic."
msgstr ""
+"The Conversation planea expandir el tablero para mostrar no solamente el "
+"alcance sino también el impacto. Esto monitoriza las actividades, los "
+"comportamientos y los eventos que ocurrieron como resultado de la "
+"publicación, incluyendo cosas tales como un académico al que se le solicita "
+"que vaya a una entrevista para discutir su artículo, dar una charla en una "
+"conferencia, colaborar, enviar un artículo a una revista y recibir una "
+"consulta de una empresa sobre un tema."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3373
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3371
msgid ""
"These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the "
"Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re "
"of value."
msgstr ""
+"Estas métricas de alcance e impacto muestran los beneficios de la membresía. "
+"Con The Conversation, las universidades pueden comprometerse con el público "
+"y moestrar por qué son de valor."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3377
msgid ""
"With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation "
"represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more informed "
"and use of Creative Commons show how it’s possible to generate both a public "
"good and operational revenue at the same time."
msgstr ""
+"Con su eslógan \"Rigor académico, talento periodístico\", The Conversation "
+"representa un nuevo tipo de periodismo que contribuye a una ciudadanía más "
+"informada y a una mejor democracia alrededor del mundo. Su modelo abierto de "
+"negocio y el uso de las licencias Creative Commons muestra cómo es posible "
+"generar tanto un bien público como ganancias que permitan operar al mismo "
+"tiempo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3381
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4490
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5771
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7417
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3379
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4488
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7414
msgid "Web link"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Sitio web"
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3381
msgid "theconversation.com/us/charter"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "theconversation.com/us/charter"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3383
msgid "## Cory Doctorow"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "## Cory Doctorow"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3388
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3386
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and "
"journalist. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
+"Cory Doctorow es una escritor de ciencia ficción, activista, bloguero y "
+"periodista. Vive en los Estados Unidos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3390
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3388
msgid "craphound.com and boingboing.net"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "craphound.com y boingboing.net"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3393
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3391
msgid ""
"Revenue model: charging for physical copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, "
"selling translation rights to books"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de negocios: cobrar por las copias físicas (venta de libros), pague-"
+"lo-que-quiera, vender derechos de traducción de los libros"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3395
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3393
msgid "Interview date: January 12, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 12 de enero de 2016"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3402
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he is "
"not a brand. “To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing that has "
"thing that animates me to work crazy insane hours because it’s the most "
"important thing I know how to do.”"
msgstr ""
+"Cory Doctorow odia el término ”modelo de negocios”, y es firme en sostener "
+"que él no es una marca. ”Para mí, armar una marca es esta idea de que se "
+"puede tomar una cosa que tiene ciertas cualidades, remover todas las "
+"cualidades e ir a venderla”, nos dijo. ”No ando por ahí pensando de qué "
+"forma puedo ser una marca. Estoy haciendo esta cosa que me motiva a trabajar "
+"una cantidad alocada de horas porque es la cosa más importante que sé cómo "
+"hacer.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3408
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3406
msgid ""
"Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from "
"making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them "
"sharing it."
msgstr ""
+"Cory se llama a sí mismo un emprendedor. Le gusta decir que su éxito provino "
+"de hacer cosas que resultó gustarle a la gente y dejar de interponerse en el "
+"camino para que ellos lo compartieran."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3417
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3415
msgid ""
"He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. "
"Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, "
"nonfiction books, including the most recent Information Doesn’t Want to Be "
"Free, about the ways in which creators can make a living in the Internet age."
msgstr ""
+"Es un escritor de ciencia ficción, activista, bloguero y periodista. Desde "
+"el principio con su primera novela, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, de "
+"2003, su obra ha estado publicada bajo una licencia Creative Commons. Cory "
+"es coeditor del popular sitio Boing Boing, licenciado con CC, donde escribe "
+"sobre tecnología, política y propiedad intelectual. También ha escrito "
+"varios libros de no-ficción, incluyendo el más reciente Information Doesn't "
+"Want to Be Free (\"La información no quiere ser libre\"), acerca del modo en "
+"que los creadores pueden ganarse la vida en la era de Internet."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3421
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3419
msgid ""
"Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on "
"paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for "
"his work."
msgstr ""
+"Cory fundamentalmente hace dinero vendiendo copias físicas de sus libros, "
+"pero también le pagan por hablar en conferencias y está experimentando con "
+"modelos de pague-lo-que-quiera para su trabajo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3436
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3434
msgid ""
"While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is "
"just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of "
"the genuineness would leach out of what I do, and the quality that causes "
"people to like what I do would be gone.”"
msgstr ""
+"Mientras que el trabajo de ficción de Cory tiene muchos seguidores, es "
+"igualmente reconocido por su activismo. Es un destacado oponente del derecho "
+"de autor restrictivo y de las tecnologías de gestión de derechos digitales "
+"(DRM, por sus siglas en inglés) utilizadas para encerrar el contenido, porque "
+"piensa que ambas socavan a los creadores y al interés público. Actualmente "
+"es un asesor especial en la Electronic Frontier Foundation, donde está "
+"involucrado en un juicio que desafía a la ley estadounidense que protege el "
+"DRM. Cory dice que su trabajo político no le da dinero de manera directa, "
+"pero que si renunciara a él, perdería credibilidad y, aún más importante, "
+"perdería el impulso que le impulsa a crear. ”Mi trabajo político es una "
+"expresión diferente del mismo tipo de necesidad artístico-política,” dice. ”"
+"Tengo la sospecha de que si dejara las cosas que no me hacen ganar dinero, "
+"se perdería la autenticidad de lo que hago y la cualidad que hace que lo que "
+"hago le guste a la gente.”"
#. type: Plain text
#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3447
"before I wrote to keep myself fed and sheltered, I was writing to keep "
"myself sane.”"
msgstr ""
+"Cory ha sido financieramente exitoso, pero el dinero no es su motivación "
+"primaria. Al comienzo de su libro Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, "
+"enfatiza lo importante que es no ser un artista si tu objetivo es hacerte "
+"rico. ”Entrar al mundo artístico para hacerse rico es como comprar tickets "
+"de la lotería para hacerse rico,” escribió. ”Puede funcionar, pero lo más "
+"probable es que no funcione. Aunque, por supuesto, siempre alguien gana la "
+"lotería”. Él reconoce que él es uno de los pocos en haberlo conseguido, pero "
+"dice que estaría escribiendo de todos modos. ”Me siento llamado a escribir”, "
+"escribió. ”Mucho antes de escribir para mantener alimentado y cobijado, "
+"estaba escribiendo para mantenerme cuerdo.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3455
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3453
msgid ""
"Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his "
"primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative "
"created to try to stop copying.” In other words, using CC licenses "
"symbolizes his worldview."
msgstr ""
+"Del mismo modo que el dinero no es su principal motivación para crear, el "
+"dinero no es su motivación principal para compartir. Para Cory, compartir su "
+"trabajo con una licencia Creative Commons es un imperativo moral. \"Se "
+"sentía como lo moralmente correcto\", dice de su decisión de adoptar las "
+"licencias Creative Commons. \"Sentí que yo no estaba contribuyendo a la "
+"cultura de la vigilancia y la censura que se ha creado para intentar frenar "
+"que se hagan copias\". En otras palabras, utilizar las licencias CC "
+"simboliza su visión de mundo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3463
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3461
msgid ""
"He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work "
"with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a "
"people they should pay him for his work. “I started by not calling them "
"thieves,” he said."
msgstr ""
+"También siente que hay una base comercial sólida para licenciar su trabajo "
+"con Creative Commons. Mientras que reconoce que no ha sido capaz de hacer un "
+"experimento controlado para comparar los beneficios comerciales de licenciar "
+"con CC contra reservar todos los derechos, él piensa que ha vendido más "
+"libros utilizando una licencia CC de los que pudiera haber vendido sin ella. "
+"Cory dice que su objetivo es convencer a la gente de que deben pagarle por "
+"su trabajo. \"Empecé por no llamarlos ladrones\", dice."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3474
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3472
msgid ""
"Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the "
"time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun "
"book, which is a big effort. I decided to spare them the time and energy, "
"and give them the book for free in a format destined to spread.”"
msgstr ""
+"Cory comenzó a utilizar las licencias CC al poco tiempo de que fueran "
+"creadas. En el momento en que su primera novela salió, el género de la "
+"ciencia ficción estaba lleno de gente digitalizando y descargando libros sin "
+"permiso. Cuando él y su editor miraron más de cerca a quienes estaban "
+"haciendo ese tipo de cosas online, se dieron cuenta de que se parecía un "
+"montón a promocionar un libro. ”Sabía que había una relación entre tener "
+"lectores entusiastas y tener una carrera exitosa como escritor,” dice. ”En "
+"ese momento, tomaba ocho horas hacerle reconocimiento de caracteres a un "
+"libro, lo que es un gran esfuerzo. Decidí liberarles el tiempo y la energía, "
+"y darles el libro de manera gratuita en un formato destinado a difundirlo.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3480
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3478
msgid ""
"Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted "
"Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his "
"successfully at that time because he was just starting out. Now they say he "
"can only do it because he is an established author."
msgstr ""
+"Cory admite que las apuestas eran muy bajas cuando adoptó por primera vez "
+"las licencias Creative Commons. Solamente tenía que vender dos mil copias de "
+"su libro para salir parejo. La gente dice que solo pudo utilizar las "
+"licencias CC de manera exitosa en ese momento porque recién estaba "
+"empezando. Ahora dicen que solo puede hacerlo porque es un autor ya "
+"establecido."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3487
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3485
msgid ""
"The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people "
"from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes "
"people who want to share their love of you with other people sounds obvious, "
"but it’s remarkable how many people don’t do it,” he said."
msgstr ""
+"El resultado final, dice Cory, es que nadie ha encontrado una forma de "
+"detener a la gente para que copie las cosas que le gustan. En vez de luchar "
+"contra la corriente, Cory hace que su trabajo sea intrínsecamente fácil de "
+"compartir. \"Largarse del camino de la gente que quiere compartir su amor "
+"por uno con otra gente suena obvio, pero es destacable cómo mucha gente no "
+"lo hace\", dice."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3500
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3498
msgid ""
"Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to "
"view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. “Being open to fan activity makes "
"creative industry in history. But I figure my likelihood of being Disney is "
"pretty slim, so I should take all the help I can get.”"
msgstr ""
+"Hacer su trabajo disponible bajo una licencia Creative Commons le permite "
+"ver a sus fans más grandes como sus embajadores. ”Estar abierto a la "
+"actividad de los fans te hace parte de la conversación sobre lo que los fans "
+"hacen con tu trabajo y cómo interactúan con él,” dice. El propio sitio web "
+"de Cory destaca de manera rutinaria las cosas interesantes que su audiencia "
+"ha hecho con su trabajo. A diferencia de las corporaciones como Disney, que "
+"tienden a tener una relación de poco interés con la actividad de sus fans, "
+"él tiene una relación simbiótica con su audiencia. ”Comprometerse con la "
+"audiencia no garantiza el éxito,” dice. ”Y Disney es un ejemplo de ser capaz "
+"de permancer distante y aún así ser la compañía más exitosa en la historia "
+"de las industrias creativas. Pero me di cuenta de que mis probabilidades de "
+"ser Disney son bastante estrechas, de modo que tengo que tomar toda la ayuda "
+"que pueda obtener.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3511
msgid ""
"His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons "
"license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only "
"thinks it is more difficult to get people to pay for translations if there "
"are fan translations already available for free."
msgstr ""
+"Su primer libro se publicó bajo la licencia más restrictiva de Creative "
+"Commons, la Atribución-No comercial-Sin obras derivadas (CC BY-NC-ND). Solo "
+"permite copiass literales sin fines comerciales. Su trabajo posterior está "
+"publicado con una licencia Atribución-No comercial-Compartir obras derivadas "
+"igual (CC BY-NC-SA), que le da a la gente el derecho de adaptar su trabajo "
+"sin fines no comerciales pero solo si lo comparten de nuevo bajo los mismos "
+"términos de la licencia. Antes de liberar su trabajo bajo una licencia que "
+"permite adaptaciones, vende primer el derecho a traducir el libro a otros "
+"idiomas a un editor comercial. Quiere llegar a nuevos compradores "
+"potenciales en otras partes del mundo, y piensa que es más difícil hacer que "
+"la gente pague por las traducciones si ya hay traducciones de los fans "
+"disponibles de manera gratuita."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3525
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3523
msgid ""
"In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy "
"to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each "
"others make of my work cost me nothing, and present the possibility that "
"I’ll get something.”"
msgstr ""
+"En su libro Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, Cory compara su filosofía "
+"con las flores de los dientes de león o panaderos. Estas flores producen "
+"miles de semillas cada primavera, y se dispersan en el aire en todas las "
+"direcciones. La estrategia es maximizar el número de posibilidades azarosas "
+"que estas flores tienen de continuar su línea genética. De manera similar, "
+"dice que hay un montón de gente ahí afuera que quizás quiera comprar obras "
+"creativas o compensar a los autores por ellas de alguna otra manera. ”Entre "
+"mayor sea la cantidad de lugares que el trabajo pueda encontrar, más alta es "
+"la posibilidad de que encontrará uno de esos potenciales clientes en un "
+"hueco insospechado del asfalto metafórico,” escribió. ”Las copias que otras "
+"personas hacen de mi trabajo no me cuestan nada y me presentan la "
+"posibilidad de obtener algo.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3532
msgid ""
"Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared "
"more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—"
"Cory’s First Law: “Anytime someone puts a lock on something that belongs to "
"you and won’t give you the key, that lock isn’t there for your benefit.”"
msgstr ""
+"Aplicar una licencia CC a su trabajo aumenta la probabilidad de que su "
+"trabajo sea compartido más ampliamente en la web. Él no utiliza DRM —y se "
+"opone abiertamente a la práctica de utilizarlo— por razones similares. El "
+"DRM tiene el efecto de atar una obra a una plataforma en particular. A "
+"cambio, este candado digital le quita al autor el control sobre su propia "
+"obra y se lo entrega a la plataforma. Llama a este efecto la Primera Ley de "
+"Cory: ”Cada vez que alguien pone un candado sobre algo que te pertenece y no "
+"te entrega la llave, ese candado no está puesto ahí para tu beneficio.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3543
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3541
msgid ""
"Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, "
"rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet "
"ways to reach his audience without relying upon major platforms that will "
"try to take control over his work."
msgstr ""
+"Cory trabajo bajo la premisa de que los artistas se benefician cuando hay "
+"más lugares, en vez de menos, donde las personas pueden acceder a su "
+"trabajo. La Internet ha abierto esas avenidas, pero el DRM está diseñada "
+"para limitarls. \"Por un lado, podemos hacer que nuestro trabajo esté "
+"disponible de manera convincente para una audiencia muy dispersa\", dice. "
+"\"Por el otro lado, los intermediarios a los que históricamente les vendimos "
+"están haciendo más difícil evadirlos\". Cory continuamente busca formas de "
+"alcanzar a su audiencia sin depender de las grandes plataformas que tratarán "
+"de tomar control sobre su trabajo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3552
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3550
msgid ""
"Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, "
"and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available "
"creator’s work. He is planning to try his own pay-what-you-want experiment "
"soon."
msgstr ""
+"Cory dice que las ventas de su e-book han sido más bajas que las de sus "
+"competidores, y le atribuye algo de eso a la licencia CC que hace que su "
+"trabajo esté disponible de manera gratuita. Pero cree que la gente está "
+"dispuesta a pagar por el contenido que les gusta, incluso si está disponible "
+"de manera gratuita, siempre y cuando sea fácil de hacer. Tuvo muchísimo "
+"éxito cuando utilizó Humble Bundle, una plataforma que le permite a la gente "
+"pagar lo que quiera por versiones libres de DRM de un paquete de la obra de "
+"un autor en particular. Cory está planificando hacer pronto su propio "
+"experimento de pague-lo-que-quiera."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3561
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3559
msgid ""
"Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to "
"the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he "
"artistic career in many ways means figuring out how to stay connected to "
"those people who have been touched by your work.”"
msgstr ""
+"Los fans están particularmente dispuestos a pagar cuando se sienten "
+"conectados personalmente al artista. Cory se esfuerza para crear esa "
+"conexión personal. Una de las formas en que hace esto es respondiendo "
+"personalmente cada correo que le llega. ”Si se observa la historia de los "
+"artistas, la mayoría mueren en la penuria,” dice. ”Esa realidad significa "
+"que los artistas tenemos que encontrar formas de apoyarnos cuando el público "
+"cambia de gustos, cuando el derecho de autor deja de producir ingresos. "
+"Hacer carrera artística a prueba del futuro significa en muchos sentidos "
+"descubrir cómo permanecer conectado con esa gente que ha sido tocada por tu "
+"trabajo.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3565
msgid ""
"Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not "
"reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it "
"in his book, “is how many ways there are to make things, and to get them "
"into other people’s hands and minds.”"
msgstr ""
+"El realismo de Cory sobre la dificultad de ganarse la vida en el mundo del "
+"arte no refleja un pesimismo sobre la era de Internet. En cambio, él dice "
+"que el hecho de que es difícil ganarse la vida como artista no es nada "
+"nuevo. Lo que es nuevo, escribe en su libro, ”es cuántas formas hay de hacer "
+"las cosas y cómo llevarlas a la mente y a las manos de otras personas.”"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3569
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3567
msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Nunca ha sido más fácil pensar como un diente de león."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3569
msgid "## Figshare"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "## Figshare"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3574
msgid ""
"Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where "
"researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including "
"figures, data sets, images, and videos. Founded in 2011 in the UK."
msgstr ""
+"Figshare es una empresa con ánimo de lucro que ofrece un repositorio en "
+"línea donde los investigadores pueden preservar y compartir los resultados "
+"de sus investigaciones, incluyendo figuras, conjuntos de datos, imágenes y "
+"videos. Fundado en el año 2011 en Gran Bretaña."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3578
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3576
msgid "figshare.com"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "figshare.com"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3580
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3578
msgid "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators"
msgstr ""
+"Model de negocios: la plataforma le provee servicios pagos a los creadores"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3580
msgid "Interview date: January 28, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 28 de enero de 2016"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3584
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3582
msgid "Interviewee: Mark Hahnel, founder"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Mark Hahnel, fundador"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3593
msgid ""
"Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through "
"improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly "
"is disseminated in a way that the current scholarly-publishing model does "
"not allow."
msgstr ""
+"La misión de Figshare es cambiar la cara de la publicación académica a "
+"través de mejorar la difusión, el descubrimiento y la reutilización de la "
+"investigación académica. Figshare es un repositorio donde los usuarios "
+"pueden disponibilizar todos los resultados de su investigación —desde "
+"pósters y presentaciones hasta conjuntos de datos y código— de una forma tal "
+"que es fácil de descubrir, citar y compartir. Los usuarios pueden subir "
+"cualquier formato de archivo, que luego puede ser después previsualizado en "
+"un navegador web. Los resultados de la investigación se difunden de una "
+"forma tal que el modelo actual de publicación académica no permite."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3599
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3597
msgid ""
"Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do "
"we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be "
"trusted? Answers have evolved over time."
msgstr ""
+"El fundador de Figshare Mark Hahnel a menudo es interrogado: ¿Cómo hace "
+"dinero?, ¿Cómo sabremos si estará aquí en cinco años?, ¿Puede esta empresa "
+"con ánimo de lucro ser de confianza? Las respuestas han evolucionado con el "
+"tiempo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3607
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3605
msgid ""
"Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student "
"getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with "
"graphs, and data sets. This was frustrating. Mark believed publishing his "
"complete research would lead to more citations and be better for his career."
msgstr ""
+"Mark rastrea los orígenes de Figshare al momento en que era un candidato a "
+"un doctorado en biología celular. Su investigación involucraba trabajar con "
+"videos de células madre en movimiento. Sin embargo, cuando fue a publicar su "
+"investigación, no había forma para él de publicar sus los videos, las "
+"figuras, los gráficos y los conjuntos de datos. Esto fue frustante. Mark "
+"creía que publicar su investigación completa lo llevaría a tener más citas y "
+"sería mejor para su carrera."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3611
msgid ""
"Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. "
"Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become "
"mainstream, and he believed it ought to be possible to put all his research "
"online and share it with anyone. So he began working on a solution."
msgstr ""
+"Mark no se considera un programador avanzado. Afortunadamente, cosas como la "
+"computación en la nube y las wikis se habían popularizado, y creyó que tenía "
+"que ser posible poner toda su investigación online y compartirla con "
+"cualquiera. Así que empezó a trabajar en una solución."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3615
msgid ""
"There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent "
"identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object "
"ensuring the research is citable for the long term."
msgstr ""
+"Había dos necesidades clave: las licencias para hacer que los datos pudieran "
+"ser citados e identificadores persistentes —los links URL que siempre "
+"apuntan al objeto original, asegurando que la investigación es citable por "
+"un período largo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3624
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3622
msgid ""
"Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a "
"persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as "
"object (the web page or URL) can often change. Mark partnered with DataCite "
"for the provision of DOIs for research data."
msgstr ""
+"Mark eligió los DOIs (Digital Object Identifiers, identificadores de objetos "
+"digitales) para resolver la necesidad de un identificador persistente. En el "
+"sistema DOI, los metadatos de un objeto se guardan como una serie de números "
+"en el nombre DOI. Referirse a un objeto por su DOI es más estable que "
+"referirse por su URL, porque la ubicación de un objeto (la página web o la "
+"URL) pueden a menudo cambiar. Mark se asoció con DataCite para la provisión "
+"de DOIs para datos de investigación."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3630
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3628
msgid ""
"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-"
"science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. "
"peers, he went with CC0 (in the public domain) for data sets and CC BY "
"(Attribution) for figures, videos, and data sets."
msgstr ""
+"En cuanto a las licencias, Mark eligió Creative Commons. Las comunidades de "
+"acceso abierto y ciencia abierta ya las estaban utilizando y recomendando. "
+"Basados en lo que estaba pasando en esas comunidades y en diálogo con sus "
+"pares, eligió la CC0 (en el dominio público) para los conjuntos de datos y "
+"CC BY (Atribución) para figuras, videos y conjuntos de datos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3633
msgid ""
"So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He "
"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. "
"People started commenting on his blog that they wanted to do the same. So he "
"opened it up for them to use, too."
msgstr ""
+"Así que Mark empezó a utilizar DOIs y las licencias Creative Commons para su "
+"propio trabajo de investigación. Tenía un blog de ciencia donde escribía "
+"sobre su trabajo y abría todos us datos. La gente empezó a comentar en su "
+"blog, diciendo que ellos querían hacer lo mismo. Así que lo abrió para que "
+"ellos también lo utilizaran."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3642
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3640
msgid ""
"People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking "
"if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of "
"for software. To allow the sharing of software code, Mark chose the MIT "
"license, but GNU and Apache licenses can also be used."
msgstr ""
+"A la gente le gustaba la interfaz y el proceso simple para subir la "
+"información. La gente empezó a preguntar si también podían compartir tesis, "
+"propuestas para financiamiento y código. La inclusión de código trajo nuevos "
+"problemas de licenciamiento, ya que las licencias Creative Commons no se "
+"utilizan para software. Para permitir el intercambio de código, Mark eligió "
+"la licencia MIT, pero las licencias GNU y Apache también pueden ser "
+"utilizadas."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3648
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3646
msgid ""
"Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few "
"unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest "
"but insisted on a more viable business model. They made an initial "
"investment, and together they came up with a freemium-like business model."
msgstr ""
+"Mark buscó fondos para convertir esto en un producto escalable. Luego de "
+"algunos intentos frustrados de financiación, la empresa Digital Science "
+"basada en Gran Bretaña expresó interés pero insistió en un modelo de "
+"negocios más viable. Hicieron una inversión inicial y juntos pensaron en un "
+"modelo de negocios del tipo freemium."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3658
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3656
msgid ""
"Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for "
"storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative "
"its value proposition to researchers as “You retain ownership. You license "
"it. You get credit. We just make sure it persists.”"
msgstr ""
+"Bajo el modelo freemium, los académicos suben sus investigaciones a Figshare "
+"para almacenar y compartir de manera gratuita. Cada objeto de investigación "
+"están licenciado con una Creative Commons y recibe un link DOI. La opción "
+"premium le cobra a los investigadores un monto por gigabytes de espacio "
+"privado de almacenamiento, y para espacios privados online diseñados para un "
+"número determinado de investigadores colaboradores, lo que es ideal para "
+"grupos de investigación grandes y geográficamente dispersos. Figshare resume "
+"su propuesa de valor para los investigadores como: \"El investigador "
+"mantiene el control. Lo licencia. Recibe la atribución y el crédito. "
+"Nosotros simplemente nos aseguramos de que persista.\""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3666
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3664
msgid ""
"In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for "
"figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to "
"static noninteractive PDFs became interested in having Figshare provide that "
"functionality for them."
msgstr ""
+"En enero de 2012, Figshare fue lanzado. La palabra \"fig\" en Figshare "
+"quiere decir figuras. Utilizando los fondos de inversión, Mark hizo mejoras "
+"significativas a Figshare. Por ejemplo, los investigadores podían "
+"rápidamente previsualizar sus archivos de investigación en un navegador sin "
+"tener que descargarlos primero o sin necesitar un software de una tercera "
+"parte. Las revistas que todavía estaban publicando sus artículos mayormente "
+"como PDFs no interactivos y estáticos se interesaron en que Figshare les "
+"proveyera esa funcionalidad."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3678
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3676
msgid ""
"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. "
"Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online "
"to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for "
"the data."
msgstr ""
+"Figshare diversificó su modelo de negocios para incluir servicios para "
+"revistas. Figshare empezó a hospedar grandes cantidades de datos para los "
+"artículos en línea de las revistas. Estos datos adicionales mejoraron la "
+"calidad de los artículos. La externalización de este servicio a Figshare "
+"liberó a las editoriales de tener que desarrollar esta funcionalidad como "
+"parte de su propia infraestructura. Los datos hospedados por Figshare "
+"también brindaban un enlace de vuelta al artículo, generando más visitas y "
+"mayor número de personas lectoras—un beneficio tanto para las editoriales de "
+"revistas y las personas investigadoras. Figshare ahora brinda una "
+"infraestructura de datos de investigación para una gran variedad de "
+"editoriales, incluyendo Wiley, Springer, Nature, PLOS y Taylor and Francis, "
+"para nombrar algunas, y las ha convencido de usar licencias Creative Commons "
+"para los datos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3686
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3684
msgid ""
"Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with "
"the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the "
"interested in Figshare. Figshare once again diversified its business model, "
"adding services for institutions."
msgstr ""
+"Los gobiernos asignan fondos públicos significativos para investigación. En "
+"paralelo con el lanzamiento de Figshare, gobiernos alrededor del mundo "
+"empezaron a solicitar que la investigación que estos financian sea abierta y "
+"accesible. Estos mandaron que las personas investigadoras y las "
+"instituciones académicas administraran mejor y diseminaran los resultados de "
+"sus investigaciones. Instituciones buscando cumplir con este nuevo mandato "
+"se interesaron en Figshare. Figshare de nuevo diversificó su modelo de "
+"negocios, agregando servicios para instituciones."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3694
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3692
msgid ""
"Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including "
"their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that "
"institutions, take into account the needs of librarians and administrators, "
"as well as of the researchers."
msgstr ""
+"Figshare ahora ofrece una serie de servicios de pago para instituciones, "
+"incluyendo un espacio de Figshare con su propia marca (llamado Figshare para "
+"Instituciones) que hospeda de forma segura en la nube datos de "
+"investigaciones de instituciones. Los servicios no sólo incluyen hospedaje, "
+"sino también métricas de datos, diseminación de datos y administración de "
+"grupos de usuarios. El flujo de trabajo de Figshare, y los servicios que "
+"ofrecen para instituciones, toman en cuenta las necesidades de personas "
+"bibliotecarias y administradoras, tanto como investigadoras."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3705
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3703
msgid ""
"As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to "
"share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into "
"permissive licenses like CC BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial), CC BY-SA "
"(Attribution-ShareAlike), or CC BY-ND (Attribution-NoDerivs)."
msgstr ""
+"Como con personas investigadoras y editoriales, Figshare incitó a que las "
+"instituciones compartieran sus investigacines con CC BY (Atribución), y sus "
+"datos con CC0 (en el dominio público. Patrocinadoras que requieren que las "
+"personas investigadoras e instituciones usen licenciamiento abierto creen en "
+"las responsabilidades sociales y los beneficios de hacer investigación "
+"accesible para todos y todas. Publicar investigaciones en esta forma abierta "
+"se ha venido a llamar acceso abierto. Pero no todas las patrocinadoras "
+"especifican CC BY; algunas instituciones quieren ofrecer opciones a sus "
+"investigadoras, incluyendo licencias menos permisivas como CC BY_NC "
+"(Atribución-NoComercial), CC BY-SA (Atribución-CompartirIgual), o CC BY-ND "
+"(Atribución-SinDerivados)."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3713
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3711
msgid ""
"For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and "
"benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC "
"an open-source CERN project offer all Creative Commons licenses without any "
"negative repercussions, he decided to follow suit."
msgstr ""
+"Para Mark esto ha creado conflicto. En una mano, los principios y beneficios "
+"de la ciencia abierta está en el corazón de Figshare, y Mark cree que CC BY "
+"es la mejor licencia para esto. En la otra mano, las instituciones estaban "
+"diciendo que no usarían Figshare a menos que ofreciera opciones en sus "
+"licencias. Él inicialmente se reusó a ofrecer nada más allá de CC0 y CC BY, "
+"pero después de ver un proyecto de código abierto del CERN que ofrecía todas "
+"las licencias Creative Commons sin repercusiones negativas, decidió seguir "
+"el ejemplo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3720
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3718
msgid ""
"Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research "
"dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics "
"believes more and more researchers and institutions will make it their "
"license of choice."
msgstr ""
+"Mark está pensando en hacer un estudio de Figshare que rastrea la "
+"diseminación de investigaciones de acuerdo a la licencia Creative Commons, y "
+"recolectar métricas en vistas, citas y descargas. Se podría ver cuál "
+"licencia genera el impacto más grande. Si los datos mostraran que CC BY es "
+"más impactante, Mark cree que más y más personas investigadoras e "
+"instituciones la harán su licencia de elección."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3729
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3727
msgid ""
"Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it "
"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. "
"into a visually interesting graph, which any viewer can alter by changing "
"any of the variables.2"
msgstr ""
+"Figshare tiene una interfaz de programación de aplicaciones (API por sus "
+"siglas en Inglés) que hace posible que los datos sean tomados de Figshare y "
+"usados en otras aplicaciones. Por ejemplo, Mark compartió un conjunto de "
+"datos de Figshare mostrando subscripciones a revistas que instituciones de "
+"educación superior en el Reino Unido pagaron a 10 grandes editoriales.1 La "
+"API de Figshare permite que los datos sean puestos en una aplicación "
+"desarrollada por personas investigadoras completamente diferentes que "
+"convierte los datos en un gráfico visualmente interesante, el cual cualquier "
+"persona espectadora puede alterar cambiando cualquiera de las variables.2"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3739
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3737
msgid ""
"The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through "
"word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of "
"license to use for software code and whether to offer universities an option "
"of using Creative Commons licenses."
msgstr ""
+"La versión gratuita de Figshare ha construido una comunidad de personas "
+"académicas, quienes a través del boca a boca y presentaciones han promovido "
+"y difundido acerca de Figshare. Para amplificar y premiar a la comunidad, "
+"Figshare estableció un programa de personas consejeras, brindando a quienes "
+"promovieron Figshare sudaderas y camisas, acceso temprano a funcionalidades "
+"nuevas y gastos de viaje cuando dan presentaciones fuera de su área. Estas "
+"consejeras también ayudaron a Mark sobre cuál licencia usar para código de "
+"software, y si debían ofrecer a universidades una opción de usar licencias "
+"Creative Commons."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3747
msgid ""
"Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right "
"time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over "
"career and late-career academics. It has only been because funders mandated "
"open licensing that Figshare is now being used by the mainstream."
msgstr ""
+"Mark dice que su éxito es parcialmente sobre estar en el lugar correcto en "
+"el momento correcto. Él también cree que la diversificación del modelo de "
+"Figshare a través del tiempo ha sido clave para el éxito. Figshare ahora "
+"ofrece un exhaustivo conjunto de servicios para personas investigadoras, "
+"editoriales e instituciones.3 Si él hubiera confiado solamente en los "
+"ingresos por subscripciones premium, él cree que Figshare hubiera sufrido. "
+"En los primeros días de Figshare, sus personas usuarias principales eran "
+"personas académicas empezando o terminando sus carreras. Fue solo porque "
+"patrocinadoras mandaron licenciamiento abierto que Figshare ahora está "
+"siendo usado por las principales instituciones."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3756
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3754
msgid ""
"Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, "
"800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus "
"from Google. A sister company called Altmetric tracks the use of Figshare by "
"others, including Wikipedia and news sources."
msgstr ""
+"Hoy Figshare tiene más de 26 millones de vistas en su página, más de 7.5 "
+"millones millones de descargas, más de 800,000 subidas de usuarios, más de 2 "
+"millones de artículos, más de 500,000 colecciones, y más de 5,000 proyectos. "
+"El sesenta por ciento de su tráfico viene de Google. Una compañía hermana "
+"llamada Altmetric rastrea el uso de Figshare por otras, incluyendo Wikipedia "
+"y fuentes de noticias."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3768
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3766
msgid ""
"Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal "
"publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to "
"Going forward, Mark sees Figshare not only as supporting open access to "
"research but also enabling people to collaborate and make new discoveries."
msgstr ""
+"Figshare usa los ingresos que genera de las subscripciones premium, "
+"editoriales de revistas e instituciones para financiar y expandir lo que "
+"puede ofrecer de gratis para personas investigadoras. Figshare se ha "
+"mantenido públicamente siguiendo sus principios—mantener el servicio "
+"gratuito y requerir el uso de CC BY y CC0 desde el inicio—y desde la "
+"perspectiva de Mark, esta es la razón por la que la gente confía en "
+"Figshare. Mark ve como nuevas competidoras aparecen que solo están en esto "
+"por el dinero. Si Figshare estuviera en esto por el dinero, no les hubiera "
+"interesado ofrecer una versión gratuita. Los principios de Figshare y su "
+"apoyo por la apertura son diferenciadores clave. En el futuro, Mark ve a "
+"Figshare no solo apoyando el acceso abierto en investigación, sino también "
+"permitiendo que las personas colaboren y hagan nuevos descubrimientos."
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3772
+#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"figshare.com/articles/Journal\\_subscription\\_costs\\_FOIs\\_to\\_UK"
"\\_universities/1186832"
msgstr ""
+"figshare.com/articles/Journal\\_subscription\\_costs\\_FOIs\\_to\\_UK"
+"\\_universities/1186832"
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3772
msgid ""
"retr0.shinyapps.io/journal\\_costs/?"
"year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136"
msgstr ""
+"retr0.shinyapps.io/journal\\_costs/?"
+"year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136"
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3772
msgid "figshare.com/features"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "figshare.com/features"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3776
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774
msgid "## Figure.NZ"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "## Figure.NZ"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3780
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3778
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed "
"to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New Zealand."
msgstr ""
+"Figure.NZ es una organización de caridad sin fines de lucro que hace una "
+"plataforma de datos en línea designada para hacer que los datos sean "
+"reusables y fáciles de entender. Fundada en 2012 en Nueva Zelanda."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3782
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3780
msgid "figure.nz"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "figure.nz"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3785
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3783
msgid ""
"Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators, donations, "
"sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3787
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3785
msgid "Interview date: May 3, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: mayo 3 de 2016"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3789
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3787
msgid "Interviewee: Lillian Grace, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3808
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3806
msgid ""
"In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at "
"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,1 Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3817
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3815
msgid ""
"Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the "
"New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3829
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3827
msgid ""
"Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that "
"could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3844
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3842
msgid ""
"Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, "
"including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3858
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3856
msgid ""
"Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as "
"naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3869
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3867
msgid ""
"Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only "
"a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3886
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3884
msgid ""
"Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data "
"and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3891
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3889
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data "
"collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3904
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3902
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services "
"to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3915
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3913
msgid ""
"Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not "
"well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3921
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3919
msgid ""
"A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and "
"Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3925
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3923
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also has patrons.4 Patrons donate to topic areas they care about, "
"directly enabling Figure.NZ to get data together to flesh out those areas. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3930
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3928
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide "
"more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3940
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3938
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, "
"and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3949
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3947
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range "
"of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3961
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3959
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their "
"customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3969
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3967
msgid ""
"Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond "
"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3973
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3971
msgid ""
"“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
"widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3977
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3975
msgid ""
"“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
"one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3987
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3985
msgid ""
"“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
"addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3993
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3991
msgid ""
"“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
"numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4001
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3999
msgid ""
"“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people analyze "
"what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4008
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4006
msgid ""
"Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
"their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4013
msgid ""
"www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF\\_harness-the-power.pdf"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4013
msgid ""
"www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/new-zealand-"
"government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4013
msgid "figure.nz/business/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4013
msgid "figure.nz/patrons/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4017
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015
msgid "## Knowledge Unlatched"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4019
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that "
"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4023
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4021
msgid "knowledgeunlatched.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4025
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4023
msgid "Revenue model: crowdfunding (specialized)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4025
msgid "Interview date: February 26, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4029
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4027
msgid "Interviewee: Frances Pinter, founder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4043
msgid ""
"The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of "
"innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4048
msgid ""
"Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten "
"years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4055
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4053
msgid ""
"Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda "
"and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4067
msgid ""
"In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the "
"United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4074
msgid ""
"Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: "
"1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4083
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4081
msgid ""
"After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get "
"libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4090
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4088
msgid ""
"This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access "
"journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4099
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4097
msgid ""
"This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it "
"but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4102
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4100
msgid ""
"She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: "
"Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4118
msgid ""
"Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via "
"Knowledge Unlatched."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4118
msgid ""
"Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as "
"collections (as they do from library suppliers now)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4118
msgid ""
"Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be "
"purchased at the stated price(s)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4118
msgid ""
"The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge "
"Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4118
msgid ""
"Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative "
"Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '6. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4118
msgid ""
"Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected "
"titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4128
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4126
msgid ""
"The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight "
"current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4137
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4135
msgid ""
"The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are "
"still available online.4 Most books have been licensed with CC BY-NC or CC "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4147
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4145
msgid ""
"There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost "
"incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4160
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4158
msgid ""
"The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from "
"twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4165
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4163
msgid ""
"The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and "
"commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4173
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4171
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, "
"mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4177
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4175
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second "
"half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4181
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4179
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of "
"book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4189
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4187
msgid ""
"The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is "
"\\$5,000 to \\$50,000. A good one costs in the \\$10,000 to \\$15,000 range. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4198
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4196
msgid ""
"Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties "
"range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4207
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4205
msgid ""
"Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation "
"of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4212
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many "
"of the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4224
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4222
msgid ""
"Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment "
"with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4227
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4225
msgid ""
"For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for "
"monographs is a win-win-win."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4236
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4234
msgid ""
"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. "
"In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4245
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4243
msgid ""
"Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of "
"valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4251
msgid "www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward\\_an\\_Open.pdf"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4251
msgid "www.oapen.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4251
msgid "www.hathitrust.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4251
msgid "collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4251
msgid "www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4255
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
msgid "## Lumen Learning"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4258
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4256
msgid ""
"Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use "
"open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4260
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4258
msgid "lumenlearning.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4262
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4260
msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, grant funding"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4262
msgid "Interview date: December 21, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4266
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4264
msgid "Interviewees: David Wiley and Kim Thanos, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4288
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4286
msgid ""
"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-"
"technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4295
msgid ""
"David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or "
"for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4305
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4303
msgid ""
"But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay "
"for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4311
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4309
msgid ""
"Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to "
"help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4323
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4321
msgid ""
"Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was "
"complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4330
msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4330
msgid ""
"provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER "
"course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4330
msgid ""
"measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, "
"persistence, and course completion; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4330
msgid ""
"collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on "
"student success research."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4338
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4336
msgid ""
"Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in "
"more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4342
msgid ""
"Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, "
"which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4350
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4348
msgid ""
"A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds "
"personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4357
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4355
msgid ""
"The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and "
"support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4372
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4370
msgid ""
"Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services "
"on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4381
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4379
msgid ""
"In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution "
"Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4391
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4389
msgid ""
"Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. "
"The open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4397
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4395
msgid ""
"Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix "
"differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4406
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4404
msgid ""
"Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every "
"course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4412
msgid ""
"Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led "
"to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4425
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4423
msgid ""
"To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be "
"proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4433
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4431
msgid ""
"As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core "
"nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4440
msgid ""
"Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and "
"nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4449
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4447
msgid ""
"In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even "
"institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4458
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4456
msgid ""
"Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They "
"proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4465
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4463
msgid ""
"Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For "
"David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4468
msgid ""
"Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving "
"more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4480
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4478
msgid ""
"As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, "
"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4488
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4486
msgid ""
"In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions "
"they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4492
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4490
msgid "lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4494
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4492
msgid "## Jonathan Mann"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4497
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4495
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the “Song "
"A Day” guy. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4499
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4497
msgid "jonathanmann.net and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4501
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4499
msgid "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4505
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4503
msgid ""
"Revenue model: charging for custom services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding "
"(subscription-based), charging for in-person version (speaking engagements "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4507
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4505
msgid "Interview date: February 22, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4519
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4517
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as “hustling”—seizing nearly "
"every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income comes from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4528
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4526
msgid ""
"His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action "
"quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4533
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4531
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s successful “hustling” is also about old-fashioned persistence. He "
"is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song each day. He "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4541
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4539
msgid ""
"He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend "
"alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4555
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4553
msgid ""
"He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided "
"to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4560
msgid ""
"Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the "
"beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4569
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4567
msgid ""
"His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super simple "
"to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a heartfelt, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4574
msgid ""
"Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, "
"but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4584
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4582
msgid ""
"His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the "
"further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4588
msgid ""
"There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would "
"never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4598
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4596
msgid ""
"He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his "
"major focus. “I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a really "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4608
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4606
msgid ""
"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. "
"Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4622
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4620
msgid ""
"When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a "
"list of talking points and other information they want to include in the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4628
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4626
msgid ""
"Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music "
"he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4636
msgid ""
"Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he "
"does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4645
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4643
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. "
"Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4651
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4649
msgid ""
"When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day "
"process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4658
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4656
msgid ""
"Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He "
"is constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4662
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4660
msgid ""
"“Success feels like it’s over,” he said. “To a certain extent, a creative "
"person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied because then so much "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4664
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4662
msgid "## Noun Project"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4668
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4666
msgid ""
"The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to "
"display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4670
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4668
msgid "thenounproject.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4670
msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee, charging for custom services"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4674
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4672
msgid "Interview date: October 6, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4676
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4674
msgid "Interviewee: Edward Boatman, cofounder"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4682
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4680
msgid ""
"The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who "
"use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4687
msgid ""
"The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman "
"while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4693
msgid ""
"When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of "
"presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4702
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4700
msgid ""
"With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website "
"and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4710
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4708
msgid ""
"Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge "
"catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4716
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4714
msgid ""
"They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and "
"Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4724
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4722
msgid ""
"The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around "
"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4729
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4727
msgid ""
"Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; "
"this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4741
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4739
msgid ""
"Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing "
"some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4750
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4748
msgid ""
"Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved "
"significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4756
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4754
msgid ""
"They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to "
"receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4768
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4766
msgid ""
"The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving "
"attribution would cost \\$1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4779
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4777
msgid ""
"Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), "
"which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4783
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4781
msgid ""
"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-"
"off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4792
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4790
msgid ""
"The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is "
"split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4797
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4795
msgid ""
"The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty "
"structure.2 They tend to over communicate with creators about it because "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4803
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4801
msgid ""
"For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job "
"but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4815
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4813
msgid ""
"Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can use "
"Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4821
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4819
msgid ""
"The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage "
"of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4826
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4824
msgid ""
"For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual language” "
"is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their stated mission. It "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4833
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4831
msgid ""
"Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the "
"Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4838
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4836
msgid ""
"In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing "
"and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4846
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4844
msgid ""
"Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community "
"around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat for you "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4849
msgid ""
"The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a "
"personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4859
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4857
msgid ""
"The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for "
"icons.2 In partnership with a sponsoring organization, the Noun Project "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4867
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4865
msgid ""
"Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their "
"customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4871
msgid ""
"www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-"
"visual-sy/description"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4871
msgid "thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/\\#getting\\_paid"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4871
msgid "thenounproject.com/iconathon/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4875
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873
msgid "## Open Data Institute"
msgstr "## Open Data Institute"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4879
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4877
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, "
"and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4881
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4879
msgid "theodi.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4884
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4882
msgid ""
"Revenue model: grant and government funding, charging for custom services, "
"donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4886
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4884
msgid "Interview date: November 11, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4888
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4886
msgid "Interviewee: Jeni Tennison, technical director"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4898
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4896
msgid ""
"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-"
"based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4908
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4906
msgid ""
"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. "
"Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4912
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its "
"vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4919
msgid ""
"demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data "
"policies affect this;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4919
msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4919
msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4919
msgid "show how open data can improve public services.1"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4929
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4927
msgid ""
"ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and "
"defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4935
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4933
msgid ""
"As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from "
"the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4939
msgid ""
"Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the "
"UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4946
msgid ""
"ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government "
"and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4951
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4949
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, "
"and advisory services."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4962
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4960
msgid ""
"You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual "
"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4974
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4972
msgid ""
"ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can "
"enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4980
msgid ""
"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. "
"Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4989
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4987
msgid ""
"Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where "
"curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4996
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4994
msgid ""
"In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to "
"help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4997
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5012
msgid ""
"Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to "
"get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5012
msgid ""
"Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate "
"very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5012
msgid ""
"Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI "
"cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5022
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5020
msgid ""
"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. "
"But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5032
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5030
msgid ""
"Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by "
"existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5036
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5034
msgid ""
"ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop "
"a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5044
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5042
msgid ""
"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. "
"Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5050
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5048
msgid ""
"ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the "
"legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5055
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5053
msgid ""
"Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through "
"research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5058
msgid ""
"Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC "
"BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5074
msgid ""
"For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any "
"software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5080
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5078
msgid ""
"To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on "
"investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090
msgid ""
"Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, "
"competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090
msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090
msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090
msgid ""
"Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: "
"2.2 million"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090
msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5090
msgid ""
"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: 5,0805"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5099
msgid ""
"e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-"
"business-plan-may-release.pdf"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5099
msgid "directory.theodi.org/members"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5099
msgid ""
"theodi.org/odi-startup-programme; theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5099
msgid "certificates.theodi.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5099
msgid "dashboards.theodi.org/company/all"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5103
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
msgid "## OpenDesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5107
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5105
msgid ""
"Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects "
"furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5109
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5107
msgid "www.opendesk.cc"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5111
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7062
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5109
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7059
msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5113
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5111
msgid "Interview date: November 4, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5115
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5113
msgid "Interviewees: Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner, cofounders"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5122
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5120
msgid ""
"Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the "
"world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5137
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5135
msgid ""
"Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as "
"architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5143
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5141
msgid ""
"When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions "
"about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5151
msgid ""
"And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in "
"the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5159
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5157
msgid ""
"When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, "
"anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5163
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5161
msgid ""
"They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, "
"allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5169
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5167
msgid ""
"In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t "
"demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5174
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5172
msgid ""
"For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They "
"understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5179
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5177
msgid ""
"While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern "
"that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5188
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5186
msgid ""
"Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for "
"noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5196
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5194
msgid ""
"Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for "
"local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5198
msgid ""
"The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model "
"builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5201
msgid ""
"When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, "
"they pay:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223
msgid ""
"the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour "
"costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223
msgid ""
"a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer "
"every time their design is used)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure "
"and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the "
"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223
msgid ""
"a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the "
"maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223
msgid ""
"charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site "
"assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5223
msgid "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)3"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5227
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5236
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5234
msgid ""
"When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a "
"transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5242
msgid ""
"manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the "
"maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5242
msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5242
msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5242
msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5242
msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5247
msgid ""
"Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to Nick "
"and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5256
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5254
msgid ""
"The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii "
"published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5264
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5262
msgid ""
"To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a "
"very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5268
msgid ""
"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as “open making”: "
"“Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5274
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a "
"known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5284
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5282
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve "
"Opendesk and the “open making” business model. They’re engaging thought "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5290
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5288
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and "
"commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5293
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5291
msgid ""
"Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers "
"commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5295
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5293
msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5298
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5296
msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5298
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5296
msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5302
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5300
msgid ""
"It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk "
"yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5311
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5309
msgid ""
"you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC "
"machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5311
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5309
msgid ""
"you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational "
"purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5311
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5309
msgid ""
"you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees "
"at a fab lab or maker space"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5320
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5318
msgid ""
"Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick "
"and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5326
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5324
msgid ""
"The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes "
"the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5331
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5329
msgid ""
"As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been "
"built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5336
msgid "www.opendesk.cc/designers"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5336
msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5336
msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5336
msgid "openmaking.is"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5340
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338
msgid "## OpenStax"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "## OpenStax"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5344
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5342
msgid ""
"OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for "
"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. "
"Founded in 2012 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
+"OpenStax es una organización sin animo de lucro que provee sin costo, libros "
+"de texto de licencia abierta para cursos de introducción escolar de alta "
+"demanda y cursos de posicionamiento avanzado. Fundado en 2012 en los EUA."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5346
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5344
msgid "www.openstaxcollege.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5349
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5347
msgid ""
"Revenue model: grant funding, charging for custom services, charging for "
"physical copies (textbook sales)"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de ingresos: donaciones, cobros por servicios personalizados, cobros "
+"por copias físicas (ventas de libros de texto)"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5351
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5349
msgid "Interview date: December 16, 2015"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: Diciembre 16,2015"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5353
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5351
msgid "Interviewee: David Harris, editor-in-chief"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Entrevistado: David Harris, Editor en Jefe"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5366
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5364
msgid ""
"OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started "
"in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of "
"customizable educational materials, all licensed with Creative Commons and "
"available to anyone, anywhere, anytime—for free."
msgstr ""
+"OpenStax es una extensión del programa llamado Connexions, el cual fue "
+"comenzado en 1999 por el Dr. Richard Baraniuk, profesor Victor E. Cameron de "
+"Ingeniería Eléctrica y Computación de la Universidad Rice en Houston, Texas. "
+"Frustado por las limitaciones de los cursos y libros de texto tradicionales, "
+"el Dr Baraniuk quería proporcionar a los autores y los estudiantes un medio "
+"para comparti y adaptar libremente material educativo tales como cursos, "
+"libros, y reportes. Hoy, Connexions (ahora llamado OpenStax CNX) es una de "
+"las mejores bibliotecas de materiales educativos personalizables, todo "
+"licenciado con Creative Commons y disponible para cualquiera, donde sea, en "
+"cualquier momento— sin costo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5375
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5373
msgid ""
"In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways "
"to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began "
"OpenStax CNX; the program to create open textbooks became OpenStax College, "
"now simply called OpenStax."
msgstr ""
+"En 2008, mientras estaba en un puesto directivo en WebAssign y buscaba vias "
+"para reducir el riesgo que acompaña depnder de las editoriales, David Harris "
+"comenzó a investigar los recursos educativos abiertos (OER) y descubrió "
+"Connexions. Un año y medio después, Connexions recibió una subvención para "
+"ayudar a incrementar el uso de los OER de tal manera que se pudieran "
+"satisfacer las necesidades de los estudiantes que no pueden pagar los libros "
+"de texto. Davis se unió para encabezar este esfuerzo. Connexions se volvió "
+"OpenStax CNX; el programa para crear libros de texto abiertos se volvió "
+"OpenStax College, ahora simplemente OpenStax."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5385
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5383
msgid ""
"David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of "
"publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, "
"the expectation that this would lead to rapid growth through easy downstream "
"adoptions by faculty and students."
msgstr ""
+"David trajo consigo un profundo entendimiento de las mejores prácticas de "
+"publicación donde las editoriales tenian ineficiencias. En la visión de "
+"David, la revisión por pares y los altos estándares de calidad son de "
+"importancia critica si quieres escalar fácilmente. Los libros tienen que "
+"tener un alcance y una secuencia lógica, tienen que existir como un todo y "
+"no como piezas, y deben ser fácilmente localizables. La hipótesis operativa "
+"para el lanzamiento de OpenStax fue producir profesionalmente un libro de "
+"texto completo al invertir esfuerzo por adelantado, con la expectativa de "
+"que esto conduciria a un posterior y acelerado crecimiento a través de la "
+"fácil adopción por parte de los estudiantes y profesores."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5394
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5392
msgid ""
"In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing "
"high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for "
"could help and how much money they could help save.1 Professionally produced "
"content scales rapidly. All with no sales force!"
msgstr ""
+"En 2012, se lanzó OpenStax College como una organización sin animo de lucro "
+"con la intención de producir libros de texto de alta calidad, con revisión "
+"por pares y a completos que pudieran estar disponibles sin costo para los "
+"veinticinco cursos con la más alta matrícula colegial en la nación. Hay "
+"información que prueba el exito de su hipótesis original de cuantos "
+"estudiantes pueden ayudara y cuanto dinero pueden ayudar a ahorrar.1 El "
+"contenido producido profesionalente escala rápidamente. Todo sin una fuerza "
+"de ventas!"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5402
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5400
msgid ""
"OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook "
"is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical "
"appealing. OpenStax encourages students to talk to their professor and "
"librarians about these textbooks and to advocate for their use."
msgstr ""
+"Los libros de texto de OpenStax todos son licenciados con Attribution (CC "
+"BY), y cada libro de texto esta disponible como PDF, e-book, o página web. "
+"Aquellos que deseen una copia física pueden comprar uno por un precio "
+"asequible. Dado el costo de la educación y las deudas estudiantiles en Norte "
+"America, los libros sin costo o de bajo costo son muy atractivos. OpenStax "
+"incita a los estudiantes para que hablen con sus profesores y bibliotecarios "
+"acerca de estos libros de texto y que promuevan su uso."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5409
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5407
msgid ""
"Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks "
"with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire "
"unlimited access. And with the CC BY license, teachers are free to delete "
"chapters, make changes, and customize any book to fit their needs."
msgstr ""
+"Los maestros son invitados a probar un capítulo de uno de los libros de "
+"texto con sus alumnos. Si funciona, se les anima para adoptar el libro "
+"entero. Pueden pegar la URL en su temario, para tener acceso sin costo e "
+"ilimitado. Y con la licenci CC BY, los profesores son libres de borrar "
+"capítulos, realizar cambios, y personalizar cualquier libro para que se "
+"adecúe a sus necesidades."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5412
msgid ""
"Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, "
"or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental "
"material to accompany a textbook, OpenStax also provides slide "
"presentations, test banks, answer keys, and so on."
msgstr ""
+"Cualquier maestro puede publicar correcciones, sugerir ejemplos para "
+"conceptos difíciles, o ser voluntario como editor o como autor. Como muchos "
+"profesores también desean material suplementario para acompañar al libro de "
+"texto, OpenStax tambien provee presentaciones, bancos de pruebas, preguntas "
+"clave, y más."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5419
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5417
msgid ""
"Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education "
"through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings "
"calculator they can use to see how much students would save. OpenStax keeps "
"a running list of institutions that have adopted their textbooks.2"
msgstr ""
+"Las instituciones pueden sobresalir al ofrecer a los estudiantes una "
+"educación de costo reducido a través del uso de los libros de texto de "
+"OpenStax; incluso existe una calculadora de ahorro por costo de libros de "
+"texto que pueden usar para observar que tanto pueden ahorrase los "
+"estudiantes. OpenStax mantiene una lista de instituciones que han adoptado "
+"sus libros de texto. 2"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5424
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5422
msgid ""
"Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling "
"intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has "
"adopted a model that embraces open licensing and relies on an extensive "
"network of partners."
msgstr ""
+"A diferencia de los editores tradicionales cuyo enfoque monilítico de "
+"control de la propiedad intelectual, distribución, y muchos otros aspectos, "
+"OpenStax adoptó un modelo que adopta las licencias abiertas y se apoya una "
+"red extensiva de asociados."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5433
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5431
msgid ""
"Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is "
"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. "
"supporting technology is probably still going to require philanthropic "
"investment."
msgstr ""
+"El financiamiento inicial de libros de texto a color completamente "
+"terminados es costoso. Para esta parte de su modelo, OpenStax se apoya en "
+"filantropia. En un principio fueron financiados por las fundaciones William "
+"and Flora Hewlett Foundation, Laura and John Arnold Foundation, Bill and "
+"Melinda Gates Foundation, 20 Million Minds Foundation, Maxfield Foundation, "
+"Calvin K. Kazanjian Foundation, y launiversidad Rice. Para desarrollar "
+"titulos adicionales y costear la tecnología se espera que todavia requiera "
+"inversión filantrópica."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5440
msgid ""
"However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead "
"on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a "
"physics problems, with problem-specific feedback, detailed solutions, and "
"tutorial support. WebAssign resources are available to students for a fee."
msgstr ""
+"Sin embargo, las operaciones en curso no estarán soportadas por donaciones "
+"de las fundaciones sino en fondos recibidos a través de un ecosistema de más "
+"de cuarenta participantes, en donde un participante toma el contenido "
+"principal de OpenStax y agrega características de las cuales se pueda obtner "
+"ingresos. Por ejemplo, WebAssign, una herramienta de evaluación y tareas en "
+"linea, toma en libro de física y agrega problemas de física generados "
+"algorítmicamente, con retroalimentación específica del problema, soluciones "
+"detalladas y un tutorial de apoyo. Los recursos de WebAssign estan "
+"disponibles a los alumnos por una cuota."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5450
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5448
msgid ""
"Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive "
"learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote "
"published revisions of their titles, such as Introduction to Sociology 2e, "
"using these funds."
msgstr ""
+"Otro ejemplo es Odigia, que transformó los libros de OpenStax en una "
+"experiencia interactiva y creó herramientas adicionales para la medición y "
+"promoción del compromiso estudiantil. Odigia licencia sus plataforma de "
+"aprendizaje a las intituciones. Participantes como Odigia y WebAssign dan un "
+"porcentaje de los ingresos obtenidos a OpenStax, como cuotas de soporte al "
+"proyecto. OpenStax ha públicado revisiones de sus titulos, tales como "
+"Introducción a la Sociología 2da Ed, usando estos fondos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5460
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5458
msgid ""
"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. "
"OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, "
"free publicity and marketing. OpenStax doesn’t have a sales force; partners "
"are out there showcasing their materials."
msgstr ""
+"En la visión de David, este acercamiento permite al mercado operar con "
+"eficiencia máxima. Los participantes de OpenStax no tienen que preocuparse "
+"de desarrollar contenido para los libros de texto, liberandolos de los "
+"costos de ese desarrollo y permitiendoles enfocarse en lo que ellos hacen "
+"mejor. Con los libros de texto sin costo de OpenStax, pueden proporcionar "
+"sus servicios a bajo costo—no gratuitamente, pero ahorrando dinero a los "
+"estudiantes. OpenStax no solo se beneficia recibiendo cuotas de soporte sino "
+"tambien a través de publicidad gratuita y mercadeo. OpenStax no tiene una "
+"fuerza de ventas; sus participantes estan afuera mostrando sus materiales."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5466
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5464
msgid ""
"OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and "
"is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, "
"like OpenStax in comparison with incumbents. David looks forward to sharing "
"these findings with the community."
msgstr ""
+"El costo de ventas para atraer un estudiante es muy bajo para OpenStax y es "
+"una facción de lo que enfrentan los participantes tradicionales del mercado. "
+"Este año, Tyton Partners está evluando los costos de ventas para un esfuerzo "
+"OER parecido a OpenStax en comparación con los inconvenientes. David espera "
+"compartir estos hallazgos con la comunidad."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5473
msgid ""
"While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want "
"a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, "
"cost. OpenStax keeps the prices low but does aim to earn a small margin on "
"each book sold, which also contributes to ongoing operations."
msgstr ""
+"Mientras que los libros de OpenStax estan disponibles enlinea, muchos "
+"estudiantes todavia quieren una copia impresa. A través de una asociación "
+"con una compañía de mensajeria e impresiones, OpenStax ofrece una solución "
+"completa que es escalable. OpenStax vende cientos de libros impresos. El "
+"precio de un libro de texto de sociología es cercano a los 28 dolares, una "
+"fracción de lo que usualmente cuesta un libro de texto de sociología. "
+"OpenStax mantiene los precios bajos pero también desea ganar un margen "
+"pequeño de cada libro vendido, lo cual también contribuye a las operaciones "
+"corrientes."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5486
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5484
msgid ""
"Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax "
"collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores "
"This is working well, since the sell-through of their print titles is "
"virtually a hundred percent."
msgstr ""
+"Las librerías ubicadas en los campus son parte de la solución de OpenStax. "
+"OpenStax colabora con la NACSCORP ( Asociación Nacional de la Corporación de "
+"Tiendas de Colegio) para proporcionar una versión impresa de sus libros de "
+"texto en las tiendas. Mientras que el costo total de los libros de texto es "
+"significativamente menor que uno tradicional, las librerias todavia pueden "
+"tener ganacias en su venta. Algunas veces los estudiantes usan los ahorros "
+"que tuvieron al comprar libros de texto de precios reducidos para comprar "
+"otras cosas en las librerias. Además OpenStax está intentando romper con el "
+"comportamiento costoso de los retornos excesivos de libros al tener un "
+"política no retornable. Esto funciona bien, ya que la venta de sus títulos "
+"impresos es prácticamente del cien por ciento."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5493
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5491
msgid ""
"David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0? "
"Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally funded "
"It’s therefore difficult to show payback over a time scale that is "
"reasonable."
msgstr ""
+"David piensa acerca del modelo de OpenStax como «OER 2.0». Entonces, ¿ qué "
+"es OER 1.0 ? históricamente en el campo de los OER, muchas iniciativas OER "
+"han sido financiadas localmente por instituciones o por ministerios "
+"gubernamentales. En la visión de David, esto resulta en contenido que tiene "
+"un alto valor local pero que es infrecuantemente adoptado a escala nacional. "
+"Entonces se vuelve difícil mostrar la restitución sobre una escala de tiempo "
+"que sea razonable."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5504
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5502
msgid ""
"OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level "
"right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays "
"the publisher released the rights back to the authors. The second model is "
"to develop a book from scratch, a good example being their biology book."
msgstr ""
+"OER 2.0 es acerca de los OER que se pretende que sean usados y adoptados a "
+"escala nacional desde el principio. Esto require mayores donaciones pero se "
+"observa su valia a través de una adopción geográfica amplia. Los procesos de "
+"los OER 2.0 para OpenStax involucran dos modelos de desarrollo. El primero "
+"es lo que David llama el modelo de adquisición, donde OpenStax compra los "
+"derechos de una editorial o un autor de un libro ya publicado y entonces se "
+"le revisa extensivamente. El libro de física de OpenStax, por ejemplo, fue "
+"licenciado de un autor después de que la editorial liberó de regreso los "
+"derechos a los autores. El segundo modelo es desarrollar un libro desde "
+"cero, un buen ejemplo es su libro de biología."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5519
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5517
msgid ""
"The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and "
"sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the "
"it goes into production and through a final proofread. The whole process is "
"very time-consuming."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5528
+"El proceso es similar para ambos modelos. Primero ellos observan el alcance "
+"y la secuencia de los libros de texto existentes. ¿ Preguntan de la manera "
+"en la que necesita el usuario ? ¿ Dónde estan teniendo dificultades ? "
+"Después identifican autores potenciales y los pasan a través de evaluaciones "
+"rigurosas—únicamente uno de cada diez autores logran pasar. OpenStax "
+"selecciona un equipo de autores quienes trabajan juntos para desarrollar un "
+"patrón para un capítulo y colectivamente escriben el primer esbozo. ( o lo "
+"revisan, en el modelo adquisitivo ). (OpenStax no hace libros con un solo "
+"autor, como dice David esto pone en riesgo al proyecto de tener una duración "
+"mayo a la calendarizada.) El esbozo es revisado por pares con no menos de "
+"tres revisores por capítulo. Un segundo borrador es generado, con artistas "
+"produciendo ilustraciones para acompañar al texto. Entonces el libro se "
+"edita para garantizar una corrección gramatical y una voz. Finalmente, pasa "
+"a producción y a través de la corrección de estilo. El proceso completo es "
+"muy laborioso."
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5526
msgid ""
"All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on "
"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-"
"authors do better under the OER 2.0 model, as there is no risk to them and "
"they earn all the money up front."
msgstr ""
+"A toda la gente involucrada en este proceso se le paga. OpenStax depende de "
+"los voluntarios. Escritores, revisores, ilustradores, y editores reciben un "
+"pago inicial—OpenStax no utiliza un modelo de regalías. Un autor con ventas "
+"amplias podría hacer más dinero bajo el modelo tradicional de publicaciones, "
+"pero eso es posiblemente solo el 5 por ciento de los autores. Desde la "
+"perspectiva de David, el 95 por ciento de los autores lo hace mejor bajo el "
+"modelo OER 2.0, donde no hay riesgo para ellos y ellos ganan todo el dinero "
+"por adelantado."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5536
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5534
msgid ""
"David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation license.” "
"It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their textbooks in "
"OpenStax sees a lot of customization of their materials. By enabling "
"frictionless remixing, CC BY gives teachers control and academic freedom."
msgstr ""
+"David piensa de la licencia Attribution (CC BY) como la «licencia de "
+"innovación». Es fundamental para la misión de OpenStax, permitiendole a la "
+"gente usar sus libros de texto de maneras innovadoras sin tener que pedir "
+"permiso. Libera al mercado y ha sido central para que OpenStax pueda atraer "
+"participantes. OpenStax genera mucha personalización en sus materiales. Al "
+"permitir combinaciones sin restricciones, la licencia CC BY da a los "
+"profesore el control y libertad académica."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5545
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5543
msgid ""
"Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional "
"publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others "
"and shared over and over again. CC BY changes the rules of engagement and "
"takes advantage of traditional market inefficiencies."
msgstr ""
+"Usar la licencia CC BY también es un buen ejemplo de usar estrategias que "
+"las editoriales tradicionales no pueden. Las editoriales tradicionales "
+"dependen del copyright para impedir que otros hagan copias de su trabajo y "
+"realizan fuertes inversiones en el manejo de los derechos digitales para "
+"asegurarse que sus libros no sean compartidos. Al usar licencias CC BY, "
+"OpenStax evita tener que lidiar con la gestión de los derechos digitales y "
+"los costos que implica. Los libros de OpenStax pueden ser copiados y "
+"compartidos una y otra vez. La licencia CC BY cambia las reglas del "
+"compromiso y toma ventaja de las ineficiencias del mercado tradicional."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5548
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5546
msgid ""
"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. "
"From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:"
msgstr ""
+"Hasta el 16 de septiembre de 2016, OpenStax había alcanzado algunos "
+"resultados impresionantes. De la hoja de datos de «OpenStax en un vistazo» "
+"de su reciente material para la prensa:"
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5555
msgid "Books published: 23"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Libros publicados: 23"
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5555
msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Estudiantes que han usado OpenStax: 1.6 millones"
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5555
msgid "Money saved for students: \\$155 million"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes: \\$ 155 millones"
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5555
msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: \\$77 million"
msgstr ""
+"Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes en el ciclo académico 2016-17: \\$77 "
+"millones"
#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5555
msgid ""
"Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all "
"institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 "
"are two-year colleges, 835 four-year colleges and universities, and 344 "
"colleges and universities outside the U.S.)"
msgstr ""
+"Escuelas que han usado OpenStax:2,668 (Este número refleja todas las "
+"instituciones que han usado al menos un libro de texto de OpenStax. Fuera de "
+"las 2,668 escuelas, 517 son colegios de dos años, 835 colegios de cuatro "
+"años y universidades, y 344 colegios y universidades fuera de los E.U.A.)"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5562
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5560
msgid ""
"While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is "
"overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and "
"math (STEM) fields. Large scale adoption in the United States is seen as a "
"necessary precursor to international interest."
msgstr ""
+"Si bien hasta ahora OpenStax se ha enfoncado en los Estados Unidos, fuera de "
+"sus fronteras hay adopción especialmente en los campos de la ciencia, "
+"tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas (STEM). La adopción a gran escala en "
+"los Estados Unidos se ve como un precursor necesario para el interes "
+"internacional."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5568
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5566
msgid ""
"OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where "
"there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a "
"terrific if OpenStax could provide access to free textbooks through the "
"entire curriculum of a nursing degree, for example."
msgstr ""
+"OpenStax se ha dirigido principalmente a los cursos de nivel introductorio "
+"colegial, donde hay una gran matrícula, pero estan comenzando a pensar en "
+"los cursos verticales—una clara oferta para un grupo específico o una "
+"necesidad. David piensa que sería increíble si OpenStax pudiera proveer "
+"acceso a libros de texto sin costo a través del plan curricular de la "
+"carrera de enfermería, por ejemplo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5578
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5576
msgid ""
"Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their "
"textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is "
"an open business model based on Creative Commons, OpenStax is making it "
"possible for every student who wants access to education to get it."
msgstr ""
+"Finalmente, para OpenStax el exito no es únicamente acerca de la adopción de "
+"sus libros de texto y los ahorros estudiantiles. Hay un aspecto humano en el "
+"trabajo que es difícil de medir pero que es increíblemente importante. Han "
+"recibido correos electrónicos de estudiantes comentando cómo OpenStax los ha "
+"salvado de tomar decisiones difíciles, como elegir entre comprar comida o un "
+"libro de texto. OpenStax quisiera evaluar el impacto que sus libros tienen "
+"en la eficiencia en el aprendizaje, la persistencia y su terminación. Al "
+"construir un modelo de negocios abierto basado en Creative Commons, OpenStax "
+"hace posible para cada estudiante que quiere acceder a la educación, "
+"alcanzarla."
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5583
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5581
msgid ""
"news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5583
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5581
msgid "openstax.org/adopters"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5585
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5583
msgid "## Amanda Palmer"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5585
msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Amanda Palmer es música, artista, y escritora. Vive en los E.U.A."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5589
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5587
msgid "amandapalmer.net"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5593
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5591
msgid ""
"Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, "
"charging for physical copies (book and album sales), charg-ing for in-person "
"version (performances), selling merchandise"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de ingresos: financiamiento comunitario (en base a subscripciones), "
+"paga-lo-que-quieras, cobros por copias físicas ( libros y venta de álbums), "
+"cobros para versiones en vivo (performances), venta de mercancia"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5593
msgid "Interview date: December 15, 2015"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: Diciembre 15, 2015"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5601
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5599
msgid ""
"Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls "
"a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new ways to "
"sustain her creative work. 1"
msgstr ""
+"Desde el principio de su carrera, Amanda Palmer ha estado en lo que ella "
+"llama «un viaje sin mapa», continuamente experimentando para encontrar "
+"nuevas vias de continuar su trabajo creativo. 1"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5607
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5605
msgid ""
"In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what "
"she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . . . in "
"which the artist can share freely and directly feel the reverberations of "
"their artistic gifts to the community, and make a living doing that.”"
msgstr ""
+"En su libro best-seller, The Art of Asking, Amanda comenta exactamente que "
+"ha sido y que continua esforzandose por ser—«el punto justo ideal … en "
+"donde el artista puede compartir libremente y sentir directamente las "
+"reverberaciones de sus regalos artisticos a la comunidad, y vivir de eso "
+"haciendolo.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5614
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5612
msgid ""
"While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, "
"Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the "
"you’ve got a bunch of confused artists wondering how to make money to buy "
"food so we can make more art.”"
msgstr ""
+"Mientras parece que ella tuvo exito al encontrar ese punto justo para sí "
+"misma, Amanda es la primera en reconocer que hay soluciones milagrosas. "
+"Ella piensa que la era digital es al mismo tiempo un periodo excitante y "
+"frustrante para los creadores. «De un lado, tenermos esta bella capacidad de "
+"compartir», dijo Amanda.«Del otro, tienes un monto de artistas confundidos "
+"pensando como hacer dinero para comprar comida de tal manera que puedan "
+"seguir haciendo arte.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5624
msgid ""
"Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up "
"in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk "
"to make it worth coming back the next day, enough people to help me make "
"rent and put food on the table. Enough so I could keep making art.”"
msgstr ""
+"Amanda comenzó su carrera artística como una interprete callejera. Se vestia "
+"con un vestido de novia antiguo, se pintó la cara de blanco, se apoyaba en "
+"una pila de cajas de leche, y obsequiaba flores a los extraños como parte de "
+"un performance dramático silente. Recolectaba dinero con un sombrero. Mucha "
+"gente pasaba a su lado sin detenerse, pero unos pocos se sintieron "
+"inclinados a detenerse a observar y depositar algún dinero en su sombrero "
+"para mostrarle su aprecio. En lugar de obsesionarse con la mayoría de las "
+"personas que la ignoraron, ella se sintió agradecida por aquellos que se "
+"detuvieron. «Todo lo que necesitaba eran … algunas personas», escribió en su "
+"libro. «Suficiente gente. Suficiente gente para hacerlo valer la pena volver "
+"al dia siguiente, sufientes personas que me ayudaran a hacerlo rentable y "
+"poner comida en la mesa. Suficientes de tal manera que pudiera seguir "
+"haciendo arte.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5633
msgid ""
"Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career "
"remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach “her crowd” "
"no interest in Amanda’s view of success. They wanted hits, but making music "
"for the masses was never what Amanda and the Dresden Dolls set out to do."
msgstr ""
+"Amanda ha transitado una larga jornada desde sus dias de artista callejero, "
+"pero su carrera continua dominada por el mismo sentimiento—encontrar vias "
+"para alcanzar «su público» y sentir gratitud cuando ella lo logra. Con sus "
+"banda the Dresden Dolls, Amanda intentó el camino tradicional de cantar con "
+"una disquera. No funció por una variedad de razones, pero una de ellas fue "
+"que la disquera no tenía interes alguno en la visión de Amanda del exito. "
+"Ellos querían exitos de ventas, pero hacer música para las masas nunca fué "
+"lo que Amanda y the Dresden Dolls querían hacer."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5645
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5643
msgid ""
"After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with "
"different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public "
"project started with a goal of \\$100,000, and she made \\$1.2 million. It "
"remains one of the most successful Kickstarter projects of all time."
msgstr ""
+"Despues de dejar a la disquera en 2008, comenzó a experimentar con "
+"diferentes vias de hacer un ingreso. Liberó música directamente al público "
+"sin involucrar a un intermediario, proveyó archivos digitales en un modelo «"
+"paga lo que quieras» además de vender CDs y viniles. También ganó dinero al "
+"realizar performances en vivo y venta de mercancias. Finalmente, en 2012 "
+"decidió intentar el tipo de financiamiento comunitario que conocemos bien el "
+"dia de hoy. Su proyecto kickstarter comenzó con una meta de \\$100,000, y "
+"ella logró \\$1.2 millones. Es uno de los más exitosos proyectos de "
+"kickstarter de todos los tiempos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5655
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5653
msgid ""
"Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific "
"projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base "
"thing” basis. All of the content she makes is made freely available under an "
"Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA)."
msgstr ""
+"En el presente, Amanda se ha alejado del financiamiento colectivo para "
+"proyectos específicos y en lugar de eso obtener un soporte financiero "
+"consistente de su base de fans en Patreon, un sitio de financiamiento "
+"comunitario que permite a los artistas obtener donaciones recurrentes de sus "
+"fans. Más de ocho mil personas han firmando parar apoyarla de manera que "
+"pueda crear música, arte, y cualquier otra «cosa» creativa que ella este "
+"inspirada a hacer. Todo el contenido que ella crear se hace disponible sin "
+"costo bajo la licencia Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA)."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5670
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5668
msgid ""
"Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing "
"undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her "
"they had been doing all along. The NonCommercial licenses were a natural "
"fit."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5677
+"Hacere su arte y música disponibles bajo licencias Creative Commons sin duda "
+"limita sus opciones en la forma que ella hace un ingreso. Pero compartir su "
+"trabajo ha sido parte de su modelo desde sus inicios de su carrera, incluso "
+"antes de que ella descubriera Creative Commons. Amanda cuenta que el grupo "
+"the Dresden Dolls solía recibir decenas de correos electrónicos por semana "
+"de sus fans preguntandoles si podían usar su música para diferentes "
+"proyectos. Ellas decian que sí a todas las solicitudes, en tanto no fueran "
+"para un emprendimiento con fines de lucro completamente. En ese tiempo, "
+"ellas usaban un acuerdo en formato pequeño escrito por Amanda. «Hacía firmar "
+"a todos el contrato y así al menos no dejaría a la banda vulnerable ante "
+"alguien que depues fuera nuestra música en un anuncio de cigarrillos Camel,» "
+"dijo Amanda. Una vez que ella descubrió Creative Commons, adoptar la "
+"licencia fue una decisión sencilla porque les daba un medio más formal, "
+"estandarizado de hacer lo que habían hecho todo el tiempo. Las licencias "
+"NonCommercial fueron como hechas a la medida."
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5675
msgid ""
"Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art "
"of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her "
"than seeing this sort of thing as competition, Amanda celebrates it. “We got "
"into this because we wanted to share the joy of music,” she said."
msgstr ""
+"Amanda acepta las vias en que sus fans comparten y construyen a partir de su "
+"música. En su libro, The Art of Asking, escribió que algunos de los videos "
+"no oficilaes de sus fans usando su música sobrepasan en canttidad de vistas "
+"a los videos oficiales en YouTube. En vez de ver esto como una competencia, "
+"Amanda lo celebra. «Nos metimos en esto porque queriamos compartir el "
+"disfrute de la música, » dijo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5685
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5683
msgid ""
"This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is "
"motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, "
"did most our early fans know where I lived and where we practiced, but most "
"of them had also been in my kitchen,” Amanda wrote in The Art of Asking."
msgstr ""
+"Esto simboliza como casi todo lo que hace en su carrera está motivado por un "
+"deseo de conectarse con sus fans. Al inicio de su carrera, ella y la banda "
+"daban conciertos en fiestas. Al ir creciendo los encuentros, la línea entre "
+"fans y amigos se desdibujo completamente. «No solamente la mayoría de "
+"nuestros fans sabían donde vivia y donde practicabamos, sino la mayoría "
+"habían estado en mi cosina,» escribió Amanda en The Art of Asking."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5695
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5693
msgid ""
"Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this "
"sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact "
"of her ability to connect with people is her willingness to listen. "
"“Listening fast and caring immediately is a skill unto itself,” Amanda wrote."
msgstr ""
+"Aunque ahora que la base de admiradores es amplia y global, ella continúa "
+"buscando este tipo de conexión humana con sus fans. Busca el contacto cara-a-"
+"cara con sus adeptos en cada oportunidad que se le presenta. Su muy exitoso "
+"proyecto en Kickstarter realizó cincuenta conciertos en fiestas para los "
+"participantes. Ella emplea horas atendiendo la fila para autográfos después "
+"del espectáculo. Ayuda que Amanda tiene el tipo de personalidad atrayente, "
+"dinámica que instantaneamente atrae personas hacia ella, pero un gran "
+"componente de su habilidad para conectarse con la gente es su voluntad para "
+"escuchar. «Escuchar y tomar en cuenta de inmediato es una habilidad de uno "
+"mismo,» escribió Amanda."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5704
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5702
msgid ""
"Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know "
"about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she "
"truly honest—begets trust from her fans in return. When she meets fans for "
"the first time after a show, they can legitimately feel like they know her."
msgstr ""
+"Otra parte de la conexión que sienten los fans con Amanada es cuanto saben "
+"ellos de su vida. En vez de tratar de crear una imagen o un personaje "
+"público, ella esencialmente vive su vida como un libro abierto. Ha escrito "
+"públicamente acerca de evento personales increíbles en su vida, y ella no "
+"esta atemorizada de estar vulnerable. Tener tal tipo de confianza en sus "
+"fans—la confianza que toma ser verdaderamente honesto—geneta confianza en "
+"retorno de sus fans. Cuando ella se reune con sus fans por primera vez "
+"después de un espectáculo, ellos pueden sentir legitimamente que la conocen."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5711
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5709
msgid ""
"“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable "
"and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the flaws and "
"otherwise. But my experience has shown me that the risk of making yourself "
"vulnerable is almost always worth it.”"
msgstr ""
+"«Con los medios de interacción social en línea, estamos tan preocupados de "
+"que la imágen sea aceptable y consumible que olvidamos que mostrarse "
+"humano, exhibir los errores y exponer la vulnerabilidad ciertamente crea "
+"una conexión más profunda que solo verse fantastica,» comentó Amanda.«Todo "
+"en nuestra cultura nos dice lo contrario. Pero mi experiencia me ha mostrado "
+"que el riesgo de hacerte vulnerable casi siempre vale la pena. »"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5719
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5717
msgid ""
"Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps "
"on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she "
"her use of Creative Commons licenses. Because that is what you do with your "
"friends—you share."
msgstr ""
+"Ella no solo descubre detalles íntimos de su vida a ellos, duerme en sus "
+"sofás, escucha sus historias, llora con ellos. En corto, trata a sus fans "
+"cómo amigos en casi todos los aspectos, incluso cuando sean completos "
+"extraños. Esta mentalidad—que los fans son amigos—esta completamente "
+"entrelazda con el exito de Amanda como artista. Esta también entretejida con "
+"el uso de las licencias Creative Commons que hace ella. Porque eso es lo que "
+"haces con los amigos—compartes."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5727
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5725
msgid ""
"After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, "
"she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through "
"from people who know and trust you. People who feel personally invested in "
"your success."
msgstr ""
+"Despues de años de invertir tiempo y energía en construir confianza con sus "
+"fans, ella tiene una relación con ellos para solicitar apoyo—a través de "
+"donaciones paga-lo-que-quieras, Kickstarter, Patreon, e incluso pedirles que "
+"den una mano en un concierto. Como Amanda lo explica, el financiamiento "
+"comunitario ( que es realmente lo que todas estas diferentes opciones son) "
+"es acerca de solicitar apoyo de la gente que te conoce y confía en tí. "
+"Personas que se sienten involucradas en su exito."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5734
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5732
msgid ""
"“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, "
"they become your allies, your family,” she wrote. There really is a feeling "
"band encouraged people to dress up for their shows. They consciously "
"cultivated a feeling of belonging to their “weird little family.”"
msgstr ""
+"«Cuando confias en la gente, decidida y radicalmente, no solo te cuidan, se "
+"vuelven tus aliados, tu familia,» ella escribió. Existe un sentimiento de "
+"solidaridad dentro del núcleo de la base de fans. Desde el comienzo, Amanda "
+"y su banda motivaron a las personas a preparase para asistir a sus "
+"espectáculos. Ellos cultivaron conscientemente un sentimiento de pertenencia "
+"a su «pequeña familia rara.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5742
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5740
msgid ""
"This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every "
"creator. “I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of person "
"them. It’s about finding a way to channel energy in a way that is joyful to "
"you.”"
msgstr ""
+"Este tipo de intimidad con los fans no es posible o incluso deseable para "
+"cualquier creador. «No doy por hecho que yo sea el tipo de persona que guste "
+"engancharse con extraños,» comentó Amanda. « Reconozco que no es "
+"necesariamente la idea de un buen momento de cualquiera. Todos lo hacen "
+"diferente. Repetir lo que hice no le funcionará a los demas si no es "
+"placentero para ellos. Es acerca de encontrar un medio de canalizar energía "
+"en una forma que sea placentera para tí.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5753
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5751
msgid ""
"Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her "
"work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing "
"describes it as casting a net. It starts with the art and then the bond "
"strengthens with human connection."
msgstr ""
+"Mientas Amanda interactúa placenteramente con sus fans y los involucra en su "
+"trabajo tanto como sea posible, ella se guarda un trabajo principalmente "
+"para sí misma—escribir música. Ella ama la creatividad con la que sus fans "
+"usan y adaptan su trabajo, pero ella intencionalmente no los involucra en la "
+"primer etapa de su trabajo artístico. Y, por supuesto, las canciones y la "
+"música son lo que inicialmente atrajo a la gente hacia Amanda Palmer. Es "
+"únicamente cuando se ha conectado con la gente a través de su música que "
+"entonces ella comienza a vincularse con ellos en un nivel más personal, en "
+"persona y en línea. En su libro, Amanda lo describe como crear una red. "
+"Comineza con el arte y entonces el nexo se fortalece con la conexión humana."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5761
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5759
msgid ""
"For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain "
"this connection. “It sounds so corny,” she said, “but my experience in forty "
"through a capitalist lens. There is no more satisfying end goal than having "
"someone tell you that what you do is genuinely of value to them.”"
msgstr ""
+"Para Amanda, el punto de ser una artista es establecer y mantener esta "
+"conexión. «Suena muy cursi,» dice ella,«pero mi experiencia en cuarenta años "
+"en este planeta me ha señalado una verdad obvia—que las conexiones con seres "
+"humanos se sienten mucho mejor y son más satisfactorias que acercarse al "
+"arte a través de la óptica capitalista. No hay meta más satisfactoria que "
+"tener alguien que te diga que lo que hace es genuinamente valioso para "
+"ellos.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5769
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5767
msgid ""
"As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what "
"they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music "
"artistic gifts. She shares herself. And then rather than forcing people to "
"help her, she lets them."
msgstr ""
+"Como ella explica, cuando un fan le da diez dolares, usualmente lo que ellos "
+"dicen es que el dinero simboliza algun valor profundo que la música les "
+"proporcionó. Para Amanda, el arte no es solo un producto; es una relación. "
+"Visto desde esta óptica, lo que Amanda hace hoy no es tán diferente de lo "
+"que hizo como una joven artista de la calle. Ella comparte su música y "
+"otros obsequiso artísticos. Ella se comparte a sí misma. Y en vez de forzar "
+"a la gente a ayudarla, los deja hacer."
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5773
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5771
msgid ""
"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-"
"uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5775
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5773
msgid "## PLOS (Public Library of Science)"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5779
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5777
msgid ""
"PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of "
"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U."
"S."
msgstr ""
+"PLOS (Public Library of Science/Biblioteca pública de ciencia) es una "
+"entidad sin ánimo de lucro que publica una biblioteca de revistas académicas "
+"y otra literatura científica. Fundada en el 2000 en los E.U.A."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5781
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5779
msgid "plos.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5784
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5782
msgid ""
"Revenue model: charging content creators an author processing charge to be "
"featured in the journal"
msgstr ""
+"modelo de ganacias: cobrar a los creadores de contenido un cargo por "
+"procesamiento de autor para ser incluido en la revista"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5786
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5784
msgid "Interview date: March 7, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: Marzo 7, 2016"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5788
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5786
msgid "Interviewee: Louise Page, publisher"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Louise Page, Editor"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5802
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5800
msgid ""
"The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading "
"scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an "
"access journals for biomedicine, with research articles being released under "
"Attribution (CC BY) licenses."
msgstr ""
+"La biblioteca pública de ciencia (PLOS) comenzó en el año 2000 cuando tres "
+"científicos prominentes—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, y Michael Eisen—"
+"empezaron una solicitud enlinea. Llamaron a los demás científicos a dejar de "
+"enviar sus publicaciones a las revistas especializadas que no liberaran "
+"inmediatamente o en los seis meses siguientes el texto completo de sus "
+"publicaciones enviadas. Aunque decenas de miles firmaron la petición, la "
+"mayoría no siguia adelante. En agosto del 2001, Patrick y Michael anunciaron "
+"que ellos comenzarian su propia publicación sin ánimo de lucro para llevar a "
+"cabo lo que la petición prometia. Con el financiamiento inicial de la "
+"fundación Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, PLOS fue lanzado para "
+"proporcionar publicaciones especializadas de acceso abierto para "
+"biomedicina, con artículos de investigación que son sacados bajo licencias "
+"Attribution (CC BY)."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5812
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5810
msgid ""
"Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a "
"manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical "
"fee to libraries or an access fee to users wanting to read the journal or "
"article."
msgstr ""
+"Tradicionalmente, las publicaciones académicas comienzan con un autor "
+"enviando un manuscrito a un editor. Después de las consideraciones éticas y "
+"técnicas internas, el artículo es revisado por pares para determinar si la "
+"calidad del trabajo es aceptable para su publicación. Una vez aceptado, el "
+"editor toma el artículo a través de un proceso de copia y edición, "
+"transcripción, y eventualmente los publica impresos o enlinea. Los editores "
+"tradicionales recuperan costos y ganan ingresos al cobrar una cuota por "
+"suscripción a las bibliotecas o una cuota de acceso a los usuario que "
+"quieran leer la revista especializada o un artículo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5822
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5820
msgid ""
"For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model "
"results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most "
"research slows the dissemination of this research and advancement of the "
"field. It was time for a new model."
msgstr ""
+"Para Louise Page, el actual editor de PLOS, este modelo tradicional resulta "
+"en desigualdades. El acceso esta restringido para aquellos que pueden pagar. "
+"La mayoría de la investigación esta financiada a través de instituciones "
+"gubernamentales, esto es, con fondos públicos. Es injusto que el público que "
+"financió la investigación se le requiera pagar nuevamente para acceder al "
+"resultado. No todos pueden pagar las cuotas de subscripción siempre en "
+"aumento, que los editores cobran, especialmente cuando los presupuestos de "
+"las bibliotecas estan siendo reducidos. Restringir el acceso a los "
+"resultados de las investigaciones científicas ralentizan la diseminación de "
+"la investigación y avance del campo. Era tiempo para un nuevo modelo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5832
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5830
msgid ""
"That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open "
"availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a "
"world have free and timely access to the latest research immediately on "
"publication."
msgstr ""
+"Ese nuevo modelo se conoció como acceso abierto. Esto es, disponibilidad "
+"abierta y sin costo en la Internet. Los artículos de investigación con "
+"acceso abierto no estan detrás de un acceso restringido por pago y no "
+"requieren credenciales de acceso. Un beneficio fundamental del acceso "
+"abierto es que le permite a la gente usar libremente, copiar, y distribuir "
+"los artículos, en tanto sean publicados bajo una licencia Attribution (CC "
+"BY) (la cual únicamente solicita al usuario dar la apropiada autoría ). Y "
+"más importante, los creadores de políticas , profesionales clínicos de la "
+"salud emprendedores, educadores, y los estudiantes alrededor del mundo "
+"tienen acceso libre y en tiempo a la última investigación inmediatamente en "
+"publicación."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5841
msgid ""
"However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research "
"publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, "
"billed upon acceptance for publishing. There are no additional charges based "
"on word length, figures, or other elements."
msgstr ""
+"No obstante, el libre acceso requiere repensar el modelo de negocios de las "
+"publicaciones de investigación. En vez de cobrar una cuota de subscripción "
+"para acceder a la publicación especializada, PLOS decidió cambiar el modelo "
+"completamente y cobrar una cuota de publicación, conocida como cobro por "
+"procesamiento de artículo.Esta cuaota inicial, generalmente pagada por el "
+"financiador de la investigación o la institución del autor, cubre los gastos "
+"tales como supervisión editorial , gestión de la revisión por pares, "
+"producción de la revista especializada, servicios de alojamiento enlinea, y "
+"apoyo para el descubrimiento. Las cuotas son por artículo y son cobradas "
+"cuando se acepta para publicación. No hay cargos adicionales basados en "
+"logitud de palabras, figuras, u otros elementos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5851
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5849
msgid ""
"Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs "
"associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article "
"publication charges for PLOS ONE, a journal started in 2006, are just under "
"\\$1,500."
msgstr ""
+"Calcular el cobro por procesamiento de artículo involucra tomar todos los "
+"costos asociados con la publicación de una revista especializada y "
+"determinar un costo por artículo que colectivamente recupere los costos. "
+"Para las revistas especializadas de PLOS en biología, medicina, genética, "
+"biología computacional, enfermedades tropicales descuidadas, y patógenos, el "
+"cobro pro procesamiento por artículo va de \\$2,250 a \\$2,900. Los cobros "
+"de publicación por artículo para PLOS ONE, una revista especializada que "
+"comenzó en 2006, son debajo de los \\$1,500."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5856
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5854
msgid ""
"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. "
"Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and "
"institutions to help authors who can’t afford the article-processing charges."
msgstr ""
+"PLOS cree que la falta de fondos no debería ser una barrera para la "
+"publicación. Desde sus comienzos, PLOS ha dado apoyo a los individuos e "
+"instituciones para ayudar a los autores que no pueden pagar los cargos por "
+"procesamiento por artículo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5871
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5869
msgid ""
"Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and "
"traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily "
"community and giving the authors exposure. And this encourages other authors "
"to submit their work for publication."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5878
+"Louise identifica la mercadotecnia como una de las áreas de gran diferencia "
+"entre las editoriales de revistas especializadas tradicionales y PLOS. Las "
+"revistas especializadas tradicionales tienen que invertir fuertemente en "
+"staff, instalaciones, e infraestructura para vender su revista especializada "
+"y convencer a los usuarios de suscribirse. Restringir el acceso a los "
+"suscriptores significa que son necesarias herramientas de gestión de control "
+"de accesos. Ellos gastan millones de dolares en sistemas de control de "
+"accesos, personal para manejarlos, y equipos de ventas. Con las "
+"publicaciones de acceso abierto de PLOS, no hay necesidad de esos gastos "
+"masivos; los artículos son sin costo, abiertos, y accesibles para todos "
+"desde la publicación. Adicionalmente, los editores tradicionales tienden a "
+"gastar más en mercadear para las bibliotecas, quienes pagan las cuotas de "
+"suscripción finalmente. PLOS provee un mejor servicio para los autores al "
+"promover sus investigaciones directamente a la comunidad investigadora y "
+"darles exposición a los autores. Y esto motiva a otros autores para enviar "
+"su trabajo para publicación."
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5876
msgid ""
"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). "
"This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and "
"this aligns with how they think research content should be published and "
"disseminated."
msgstr ""
+"Para Louise, PLOS no podría existir sin la licencia Attribution (CC BY). "
+"Esto hace muy claro que derechos estan asociados con el contenido y proveen "
+"un medio seguro para los investigadores para hacer su trabajo disponible "
+"mientras se aseguran de obtener reconocimiento por el mismo ( autoría "
+"apropiada ). Para PLOS, todo esto se alinea con la idea que tienen acerca de "
+"cómo debería ser publicado y difundido el contenido de investigación."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5882
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5880
msgid ""
"PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper "
"published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public "
"repository and provide a data-availability statement."
msgstr ""
+"PLOS también tiene una política amplia de datos abiertos. Para que el paper "
+"de investigación, los autores de PLOS también deben poner sus datos "
+"disponibles en un repositorio público y proporcionar un declaración de "
+"disponibilidad de datos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5890
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5888
msgid ""
"Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely "
"follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the "
"notch. PLOS has to function as well as or better than other premier "
"journals, as researchers have a choice about where to publish."
msgstr ""
+"Los costos de operaciones asociados con el modelo de acceso abierto en gran "
+"medida aún siguen el modelo de publicación existente. Las revistas "
+"especializadas PLOS estan únicamente enlinea, pero la editorial, la revisión "
+"por pares, la producción, transcripción y las etapas de publicación son "
+"todas iguales que las de un editor tradicional. Los equipos editoriales "
+"deben de ser de primer nivel. PLOS tiene que funcionar tan bien o mejor que "
+"otras revistas especializadas prominentes, porque los investigadores tienen "
+"opciones en donde publicar."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5895
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5893
msgid ""
"Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a "
"journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that "
"journal, and the prestige associated with it. PLOS journals rank high, even "
"though they are relatively new."
msgstr ""
+"Los investigadores estan influenciados por las clasificaciones, las cuales "
+"reflejan el lugar de la revista especializada en su campo, la relativa "
+"dificultad de ser publicado en esa revista especializada, y el prestigio "
+"asociado con ello. Las revistas especializadas PLOS se clasifican alto, "
+"incluso cuando ellas son relativamente nuevas."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5903
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5901
msgid ""
"The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times "
"other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to "
"CC BY licensing of PLOS research articles ensures easy access for readers "
"and generates more discovery and citations for authors."
msgstr ""
+"La posición y la promoción de los investigadores está parcialmente basada en "
+"cuantas veces otros investigadores citen sus artículos. Louise dice que "
+"cuando los investigadores quieren encontrar y leér el trabajo de otros en el "
+"campo, van a un agregador enlinea o un motor de busquedas, y no tipicamente "
+"a una revista especializada en particular. Los artículos de investigación de "
+"PLOS licenciados bajo CC BY garantizan el fácil acceso a los lectores y "
+"generan más descubrimientos y citas a los autores."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5910
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5908
msgid ""
"Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a "
"movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now "
"big impact. In 2012 to 2014, they published more open-access articles than "
"BioMed Central, the original open-access publisher, or anyone else."
msgstr ""
+"Louise cree que el acceso abierto ha sido un gran éxito, progresando de un "
+"movimiento llevado por un pequeño grupo de investigadores hacia algo que se "
+"ha esparcido y es usado de alguna forma por las editoriales de revistas "
+"especializadas. PLOS ha tenido un gran impacto. De 2012 a 2014, han "
+"publicado más artículos de acceso abierto que BioMed Central, la editorial "
+"de acceso abierto inicial, o que cualquiera."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5931
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5929
msgid ""
"PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by "
"pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched "
"the value of the PLOS ONE model and are now offering their own "
"multidisciplinary forums for publishing all sound science."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5935
+"Posteriormente PLOS provocó una brusca ruptura en el modelo tradicional de "
+"publicación de las revistas especializadas al crear el concepto de mega "
+"revista especializada. La PLOS ONE megajournal, lanzada en 2006, es una "
+"revista especializada académica de acceso abierto revisada por pares que es "
+"mucho más extensa que una revista especializada tradicional, publicando "
+"miles de artículos por año y beneficiandose de las economías de escala. PLOS "
+"ONE tiene un enfoque amplio, cubriendo medicina y ciencia asi como ciencias "
+"sociales y humanidades. La revisión y el proceso editorial es menos "
+"subjetivo. Los artículos son aceptados para su publicación basandose en su "
+"solidez técnica en vez de la percepción de relevancia o importancia. Esto es "
+"muy importante en el debate actual acerca de la integridad y la "
+"reproducibilidad de las investigaciones porque los resultados nulos o "
+"negativos pueden ser publicados también, lo cual es generalmente rechazado "
+"por la revistas especializadas tradicionales. PLOS ONE, como todas las "
+"revistas especializadas PLOS, es únicamente enlinea sin versión impresa. "
+"PLOS transfiere los ahorros financieros obtenidos de las economías de escala "
+"a los investigadores y el público al reducir los costos por procesamiento de "
+"artículos, que son inferiores a los de otras revistas. PLOS ONE es la "
+"revista especializada más grande en el mundo y realmente ha puesto el "
+"estándar para las publicaciones académicas de revistas especializadas a gran "
+"escala. Otros editores han visto el valor del modelo PLOS ONE y están "
+"ofreciendo sus propios foros multidisciplinarios para la publicación de todo "
+"lo referente a la ciencia."
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5933
msgid ""
"Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model "
"PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could "
"be adjusted to change current practice."
msgstr ""
+"Louise esbozo algunos otros aspectos del modelo de negocios PLOS que las "
+"revistas especializadas de investigación están experimentando, "
+"describiendolos como un tipo de deslizador que puede ser ajustado para "
+"cambiar la práctica actual."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5940
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5938
msgid ""
"One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as "
"journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, "
"there is always a trade-off with scale, as the bigger the volume of "
"articles, the more time the approval process inevitably takes."
msgstr ""
+"Un deslizador es el tiempo de publicación. El tiempo de publicación puede "
+"ser reducido cuando las revistas especializadas se vuelven mejores al "
+"proveer rapidamente sus decisiones a los autores. Aunque, siempre existe un "
+"tema con la escala, mientras más grande sea el volumen de los artículos, "
+"más tiempo requerirá inevitablemente el tiempo de aprobación."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5950
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5948
msgid ""
"Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible "
"to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what "
"public. An open-review process can also ensure everyone gets credit; right "
"now, credit is limited to the publisher and author."
msgstr ""
+"La revisión por pares es otra parte del proceso que puede cambiar. Es "
+"posible redefinir que es realmente la revisión por pares. cuando revisar, y "
+"qué constituye el artículo final para publicación. Louise comentó acerca de "
+"la capacidad para cambiar a un proceso de revisión abierta, poniendo el "
+"énfasis en la transparencia en vez de revisiones de doble-ciego. Louise "
+"piensa que nos estamos moviendo hacia una dirección donde es cientamente "
+"benéfico para el autor saber quien esta revisando su paper y por el revisor "
+"saber que su revisión será publicada. Un proceso de revisión abierta también "
+"puede asegurar a todos obtener credito; en este momento, los créditos están "
+"limitados al autor y la editorial."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5955
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5953
msgid ""
"Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as "
"positive results. If journals published more research with negative "
"outcomes, we’d learn from what didn’t work. It could also reduce how much "
"the research wheel gets reinvented around the world."
msgstr ""
+"Louise comenta que los investigadores con resultados negativos son casi tan "
+"importantes como los resultados positivos. Si las revistas especializadas "
+"publicaran más investigaciones con resultados negativos, aprenderiamos de lo "
+"que no funcionó. También podría disminuír la cantidad de veces que la rueda "
+"de la investigación se reinventa alrededor del mundo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5970
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5968
msgid ""
"Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint "
"stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long "
"challenge is that researchers don’t have a lot of time to comment on "
"preprints."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5978
+"Otra práctica ajustable es la distribución de artículos en las etapas "
+"iniciales de preimpresión. La publicación de la investigación en una revista "
+"especializada con revisión por pares puede tomar mucho tiempo porque los "
+"artículos deben de pasar por por una revisión por pares extensiva. La "
+"necesidad de hacer circular rápidamente los resultados actuales dentro de "
+"una comunidad científica ha llevado a la práctica de distribución de "
+"documentos preprint que todavía no han pasado por la revisión por pares. "
+"Los documentos preprint amplian el proceso de revisión por pares, "
+"permitiendo a los autores recibir realimentación temprana de un amplio grupo "
+"de pares, los cuales pueden ayudar a revisar y preparar el artículo para su "
+"envio. Balancear las ventajas de los preprints son las preocupaciones de los "
+"autores por encima de garantizar su primacía al ser los primeros en mostrar "
+"resultados basados en su investigación. Otros investigadores pueden ver "
+"hallazgos que los autores del preprint no han pensado todavía. De todas "
+"maneras, los preprints ayudan a los investigadores muestran sus "
+"descubrimientos temprano y establecen precedencia. Un gran desafío es que "
+"los investigadores no tienen mucho tiempo para comentar los preprints."
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5976
msgid ""
"What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research "
"article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and "
"these changes the current form factor for what constitutes a research "
"article would undergo transformation."
msgstr ""
+"Lo que constituye un artículo de revista especializada puede cambiar. La "
+"idea de un artículo de investigación impreso, listo, y en un estante de "
+"biblioteca es obsoleta. La disponibilidad digital y enlinea abren nuevas "
+"posibilidades, tales como un documento viviente que evoluciona a través del "
+"tiempo, la inclusión del audio y del video, e interactividad, como "
+"discusiones y recomendaciones. Con estos cambios el actual factor de forma "
+"para lo que constituye un artículo de investigación sufriría "
+"transformaciones."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5990
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5988
msgid ""
"As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more "
"information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like "
"could evolve to provide a more friendly and interactive user experience, "
"including a way for readers to communicate with authors."
msgstr ""
+"Mientras las revistas especializadas crecen, y nuevas revistas "
+"especializadas son introducidas, más y más información es empujada a los "
+"lectores; haciendo a la experiencia como beber de una manguera contra "
+"incendios. Para ayudar a mitigar esto, PLOS agrega y cura el contenido de "
+"las revistas especializadas PLOS y de su red de blogs. 1 También ofrece algo "
+"llamado métricas artículo-nivel, las que ayudan al usuario a evaluar las "
+"investigaciones más relevantes para el campo mísmo, basadas en indicadores "
+"como uso, citas, marcadores sociales y diseminación de la actividad, medios "
+"y cubrimiento por blogs, discusiones, e índices de audiencias. 2 Louise cree "
+"que el modelo de revista especializada puede evolucionar para proveer una "
+"experiencia de uso más amigable e interactiva, incluyendo una via para los "
+"lectores para comunicarse con los autores."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5997
msgid ""
"The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these "
"experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and "
"exploring all the permutations research-publishing can take, with authors "
"and readers who are open to experimentation."
msgstr ""
+"El panorama general para PLOS en el futiro es combinar y ajustar estas "
+"prácticas experimentales de manera que continúen mejorando el acceso y la "
+"difusión de la investigación, mientras asegura su integridad y fiabilidad. "
+"La forma en que se entrelazan es compleja. El proceso de cambio y ajuste es "
+"no lineal. PLOS se ve a sí mismo como una editorial muy flexible interesada "
+"en explorar todas las permutaciones que pueda haber entre investigador-"
+"editorial, con autores y lectores quienes estan abiertos a la "
+"experimentación."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6007
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6005
msgid ""
"For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that "
"scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, "
"million scientists, scholars, and clinicians visit PLOS every month, with "
"more than 135,000 quality articles to peruse for free."
msgstr ""
+"Para PLOS, el éxito no se refiere a las ganancias. El éxito es probar que la "
+"investigación científica puede ser comunicada rápida y económicamente a "
+"escala, para el beneficio de los investigadores y la sociedad. La licencia "
+"CC BY hace posible para PLOS publicar de una manera sin restricciones, "
+"abierta, y rápida, mietras asegura que los autores obtengan el "
+"reconocimiento por su trabajo. Más de dos millones de científicos, erúditos, "
+"y especialistas profesionales de la salud visitan PLOS cada mes, con más de "
+"135,000 articulos de calidad para su lectura sin costo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6011
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6009
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making "
"research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of "
"science."
msgstr ""
+"En última instancia, para PLOS, sus autores y sus lectores, el éxito "
+"consiste en hacer que la investigación sea visible, disponible y "
+"reproducible para el avance de la ciencia."
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6016
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6014
msgid "collections.plos.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6016
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6014
msgid "plos.org/article-level-metrics"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6018
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6016
msgid "## Rijksmuseum"
msgstr "## Rijksmuseum"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6021
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6019
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. "
"Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands"
"historia. Fundado en 1800 en Holanda (Países Bajos)."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6023
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6021
msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl"
msgstr "www.rijksmuseum.nl"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6026
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6025
+#, fuzzy
msgid ""
-"Revenue model: grants and government funding, charging for in-person version"
+"Revenue model: grants and government funding, charging for in-person version "
+"(museum admission), selling merchandise"
msgstr ""
"Modelo de ingresos: subvenciones y financiamiento gubernamental, cobro de "
"entrada"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6028
-msgid "(museum admission), selling merchandise"
-msgstr "(admisión al museo), venta de mercancías"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6030
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6027
msgid "Interview date: December 11, 2015"
msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 11 de diciembre, 2015"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6033
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6030
msgid ""
"Interviewee: Lizzy Jongma, the data manager of the collections information "
"department"
"sobre Colecciones"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6049
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6046
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and "
"history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental "
"modelo para el museo, más abierto."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6061
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6058
msgid ""
"By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, "
"staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized "
"un catálogo de fichas de toda la colección en línea."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6069
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6066
msgid ""
"It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were "
"invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having "
"toda la colección en línea?"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6081
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6078
msgid ""
"Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital "
"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.1 As an online portal to "
"debería seguir el ejemplo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6089
msgid ""
"They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t "
"realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing "
"escolar."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6104
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6101
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to "
"be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place "
"hacer."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6114
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6111
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons "
"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. "
"objetivo de eventualmente tener toda la colección en Internet."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6127
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6124
msgid ""
"Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-"
"quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s "
"que la gente quiere verla en la vida real visitando de hecho el museo real."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6134
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6131
msgid ""
"Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The "
"Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of "
"una forma de generar ingresos, incluso para el Rijksmuseum."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6146
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6143
msgid ""
"As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital "
"representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that "
"proviene la imagen y esto incrementa la visibilidad del Museo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6153
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6150
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create "
"a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In "
"pueden utilizar y hacer varias cosas con la colección del Rijksmuseum.2"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6162
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6159
msgid ""
"The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality "
"digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom "
"quieran, para fines privados o incluso comerciales."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6167
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6164
msgid ""
"Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed "
"virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to "
"escolares."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6177
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6174
msgid ""
"Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection "
"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. "
"público, pero dentro de los límites establecidos por los artistas."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6187
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6184
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The "
"line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even "
"\"El cisne amenazado\".3"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6200
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6197
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design "
"competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.4 With the call to action Make "
"internacional del Premio Rijksstudio comenzó en septiembre de 2016."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6204
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6201
msgid ""
"For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an "
"upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced "
"usuarios puedan interactuar más entre sí."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6211
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6208
msgid ""
"Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the "
"Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection "
"mil visitas."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6222
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6219
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public "
"to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day "
"pintura."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6239
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6236
msgid ""
"For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came up "
"with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things people "
"generosidad hace que la gente esté feliz de acompañarte y ayudarte.\""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6246
msgid "www.europeana.eu/portal/en"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6246
msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6246
msgid "www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6246
msgid ""
"www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award; the 2014 award: www.rijksmuseum.nl/"
"en/rijksstudio-award-2014; the 2015 award: www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-"
"rijksstudio-award-2015"
#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6246
msgid ""
"www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/"
"creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6251
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6248
msgid "## Shareable"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6254
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6251
msgid ""
"Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
+"Shareable es una revista enlinea acerca de compartir. Fundada en 2009 en los "
+"E.U.A."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6256
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6253
msgid "www.shareable.net"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6259
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6256
msgid ""
"Revenue model: grant funding, crowdfunding (project-based), donations, "
"sponsorships"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de ingresos: subsidios, financiamiento comunitario ( basado en "
+"proyectos), donaciones, patrocinios"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6258
msgid "Interview date: February 24, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: Febrero 24, 2016"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6263
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6260
msgid "Interviewee: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder and executive editor"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Neal Gorenflo, cofundador y editor ejecutivo"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6274
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6271
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had "
"helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they "
"advocate for them. The magazine faced a choice: ride the wave or stand on "
"principle."
msgstr ""
+"En el 2013, Shareable enfrentó a un impasse. La publicación enlinea sin "
+"ánimo de lucro había ayudado a comenzar un movimiento colaborativo en los "
+"cuatro años anteriores, pero durante el tiempo, observaron que una parte del "
+"movimiento es alejaba de sus ideales. Mientras gigantes como Uber y Airnbnb "
+"ganaban terreno, la atención comenzó a centrarse en la «economía "
+"colaborativa» que conocemos ahora—dirigida por la ganancia, transaccional, y "
+"cargado con dinero de capital de riesgo. Los líderes de las start-ups "
+"corporativas en este dominio invitaron a Shareable a abogar por ellos. La "
+"revista enfrentó una elección: seguir la corriente o mantenerse en sus "
+"principios."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6284
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6281
msgid ""
"As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, "
"the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in "
"more. He wrote, “It’s not so much that collaborative consumption is dead, "
"it’s more that it risks dying as it gets absorbed by the ‘Borg.’”"
msgstr ""
+"Como organización, Shareable decidió establecer su posición. En 2013, el "
+"cofundador y editor ejecutivo Neal Gorenflo escribió una opinión en el "
+"PandoDaily que dibujó la nueva actitúd crítica de Shareable acerca de la "
+"versión del Silicon Valley de la economía colaborativa, mientras la "
+"constrastó con los aspectos de la verdadera economía colaborativa como el "
+"software de código abierto, presupuesto participativo (donde los ciudadanos "
+"deciden cómo un presupuesto público es gastado), cooperativas, y más. "
+"Escribió, «No es tanto de que el consumo colaborativo esté muerto, es más "
+"acerca del riesgo de morir mientras es absorbido por los «Borg».»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6291
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6288
msgid ""
"Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined "
"what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be "
"small, mission-driven organization. We would never have been able to weather "
"the criticism that Airbnb and Uber are getting now.”"
msgstr ""
+"Neal dice que su crítica pública de la economía colaborativa corporativa "
+"definió lo que Shareable era y es. El piensa que la revista no estaría en el "
+"circuito todavía de haber escogido diferente. «Habríamos obtenido una "
+"audiencia diferente, pero eso hubiera conjurado nuestro fin,» comento.«Somo "
+"una oranización pequeña, conducidad por una misión. Nunca hubieramos sido "
+"capaces de soportar las críticas que Airbnb y Uber estan teniendo ahora.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6300
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6297
msgid ""
"Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s "
"total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story "
"magazine became the voice of the “real sharing economy” and continued to "
"grow their audience."
msgstr ""
+"Interesantemente, los seguidores desapasionados son sólo una pequeña "
+"porción de la audiencia total de Shareable. La mayoría son lectores "
+"ocasionales quienes vienen a través de una historia de Shareable porque "
+"ocurre que se alinea con un proyecto o interés que que ellos tengan. Pero "
+"escoger principios por encima de la posibilidad de montarse de los grandes "
+"corporativos en el espacio colaborativo salvó a Shareable. A pesar de que "
+"ellos se separaron de la economía colaborativa corporativa, la revista "
+"enlinea se volvió la voz de la «verdadera economía colaborativa» y continuo "
+"creciendo su audiencia."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6310
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6307
msgid ""
"Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to "
"furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable "
"central to solving some of the major problems human beings face—resource "
"inequality, social isolation, and global warming."
msgstr ""
+"Shareable es una revista, pero el contenido que publican es un medio para "
+"promover su rol como líder y catalizador del movimiento. Shareable se volvió "
+"líder en el movimiento en 2009. « En esos momentos, había un movimiento "
+"colaborativo burbujeando debajo de la superficie, pero nadie estaba uniendo "
+"los puntos,» dijo Neal. «Decidimos entrar en ese espacio y tomar ese rol.» "
+"El pequeño equipo detras de la publicación sin ánimo delucro verdaderamente "
+"creyo que la colaboración podría ser una solución central para resolver "
+"algunos de los grandes problemas que los seres humanos enfrentan—desigualdad "
+"de recursos, aislamientos sociales, y calentamiento global."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6319
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6316
msgid ""
"They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different "
"metrics for success. “We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes the "
"They particularly focus on how-to content that help their readers make "
"changes in their own lives and communities."
msgstr ""
+"Han trabajado duro para hallar vias para contar historias que exhiban "
+"diferentes medidas para triunfar. «Queríamos cambiar la noción de lo que "
+"constituye la buena vida,» comentó Neal. Mientras habían comenzado con una "
+"visión muy amplia acerca de la colaboración en general, hoy enfatizan "
+"historias acerca los bienes púbicos como «ciudades colaborativas» (i.e., "
+"áreas urbanas gestionadas de manera sostenible y cooperativa), asi como "
+"también plataformas digitales que se manejan democraticamente. "
+"Particularmente ellos se enfocan en contenido cómo-hacer que ayude a sus "
+"lectores a realizar cambios en sus propias vidas y comunidades."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6331
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6328
msgid ""
"More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that "
"are contracted by the magazine. “Particularly in content areas that are a "
"stories. Much of the content created by the network is licensed with "
"Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
+"Más de la mitad de las historias en Shareable son escritas por periodístas "
+"que son contratados por la revista.«Particularmente en áreas cuyo contenido "
+"sea una prioridad para nosotros, ciertamente queremos ír profundo y "
+"controlar la calidad,» dijo Neal. El resto del contenido es contribución de "
+"los escritores invitados, a menudo de forma gratuita, o escrito por otras "
+"publicaciones de su red de editoriales de contenido. Shareable es un miembro "
+"del Post Growth Alliance, el cuál facilita el intercambio de contenido y "
+"audiencias entr un gran y creciente grupo mayoritario de entidades sin ánimo "
+"de lucro. Cada organización tiene oportunidad de presentar historias al "
+"grupo, y las organizaciones pueden usar y promover las historias de cada "
+"uno. Mucho del contenido creado por la red es licenciado con Creative "
+"Commons."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6343
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6340
msgid ""
"All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution "
"license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is "
"It’s hard for us to measure the reach of other media properties, but most of "
"the outlets who republish our work have much bigger audiences than we do.”"
msgstr ""
+"Todo el contenido original de Shareable es publicado bajo la licencia "
+"Attibution (CC BY), lo que significa que puede ser usado para cualquier "
+"propósito en tanto de los créditos a Shareable. El licenciamiento con "
+"Creative Commons está alineado con la visión de Shareable, misión, e "
+"identidad. Eso explica la aceptación de la organización de las licencias "
+"para su contenido, pero Neal también cree que el licenciamiento CC los ayuda "
+"a incrementar su alcance. «Al usar el licenciamiento CC,» comenta, «nos "
+"dimos cuenta de que podriamos alcanzar muchas más gente a través de una red "
+"formal e informal de republicadores o afiliados. Eso definitivamente ha sido "
+"el caso. Es difícil para nosotros medir el alcance de otras propiedades de "
+"los medios, pero la mayoría de los medios que republican nuestro trabajo "
+"tienen audiencias más grandes que las nuestras.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6351
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6348
msgid ""
"In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also "
"experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional "
"Policies for Shareable Cities—are two of the biggest generators of traffic "
"on their website."
msgstr ""
+"Adicionalmente a sus noticias regulares y comentarios enlinea, Shareable "
+"también ha experimentado con la publicación de libros. En 2012, trabajaron "
+"con un editor tradicional para sacar el libro Share or Die: Voices of the "
+"Get Lost Generation in an Age of Crisis. El libro licenciado bajo CC estuvo "
+"disponible para su compra en formato impreso o enlinea sin costo. Hasta "
+"este dia, el libro—junto con su guía licenciada bajo CC Policies for "
+"Shareable Cities—son dos de los mayores generadores de tráfico en su sitio "
+"web."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6356
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6353
msgid ""
"In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called "
"How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but "
"a PDF version of the book was available for free. Shareable plans to offer "
"the book in upcoming fund-raising campaigns."
msgstr ""
+"En 2016, Shareable auto-publicó un libro de cuidadas y trabajadas historias "
+"de Shareable titulado How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. El libro "
+"estaba disponible para su vente, pero una versión en formato PDF del libro "
+"estuvo disponible sin costo. Shareable planea ofrecer el libro en las "
+"siguientes campañas de recaudación de fondos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6364
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6361
msgid ""
"This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has "
"conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by "
"hundred percent funded by their audience. Neal believes being fully "
"community-supported will better represent their vision of the world."
msgstr ""
+"Este libro reciente es uno de muchos experimentos de recaudación de fondos "
+"que Shareable ha conducido en los años recientes. Actualmente, Shareable es "
+"financiado principalmente por donaciones de fundaciones, pero se estan "
+"moviendo activamente hacia un modelo más diversificado. Tienen promotores en "
+"la organización y están trabajando para ampliar su base de donadores "
+"individuales. Idealmente, serán financiados eventualemente al ciento "
+"porciento por su audiencia. Neal cree que ser totalmente financiados por la "
+"comunidad representará mejor su visión del mundo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6374
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6371
msgid ""
"For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This "
"is true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. “We "
"look over the horizon and imagine and create new worlds, but we also seek "
"the comfort of hearth and home.”"
msgstr ""
+"Para Shareable, el éxito es mucho acerca de su impacto en el mundo. Esto es "
+"ciento para Neal, pero también para cualquiera que trabaje para Shareable. « "
+"Atraemos gente apasionada,» comentó Neal. Alguna veces, eso significa que "
+"los empleados trabajan tan duro que se consumen. Neal intenta hacer hincapié "
+"al equipo de Shareable que otra parte del éxito es divertirse y cuidarse "
+"mientras haces algo que te apasiona. «Una parte central de ser humanos es "
+"que estamos en una gran aventura con gente que amamos,» dijo. «Somos una "
+"especie que observa sobre el horizonte e imagina y crea nuevos mundos, pero "
+"también buscamos el bienestar del hogar y el corazón.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6383
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6380
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their "
"Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail "
"their \\$50,000 goal. Neal said the campaign helped them reach new people, "
"but the vast majority of backers were people in their existing base."
msgstr ""
+"En 2013m Shareable comenzó su primera campaña de financiamiento comunitario "
+"para lanzar su Sharing Cities Network < Red de Ciudades Colaborativas>. Neal "
+"comentó que al principio estaban preparados para fallar espectacularmente. "
+"Llamaron a sus asesores en pánico y solicitaron ayuda. El consejo que "
+"recibieron fue simple—«Sienta tú trasero en una silla y empieza a realizar "
+"llamadas.» Eso fue exactamente lo que hicieron, y terminaron alcanzando su "
+"meta de \\$50,000. Neal dijo que la campaña los ayudó para alcanzar nuevas "
+"personas, pero que la vasta mayoría de los participantes fue gente de su "
+"base existente."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6389
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6386
msgid ""
"For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to "
"relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the "
"also invested resources into building relationships between their readers "
"and supporters."
msgstr ""
+"Para Neal, esto simboliza como gran parte del exito se debe a las "
+"relaciones. Durante el tiempo, Shareable ha invertido tiempo y energía en "
+"las relaciones que han forjado con sus lectores y seguidores. Han invertido "
+"recursos en construir relaciones entre sus lectores y seguidores."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6403
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6400
msgid ""
"Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring "
"the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach "
"will publish a new CC-licensed book in 2017 filled with ideas for their "
"network to implement."
msgstr ""
+"Shareable comenzó a realizar eventos en 2010. Estos eventos fueron "
+"designados para traer a la comunidad colaborativa junta. Pero durante el "
+"tiempo se dieron cuenta que podrían alcanzar mucha más gente si ellos "
+"ayudaban a sus lectores a realizar sus propios eventos. «Si quisieramos ir "
+"en grande en una conferencia, había un gran riesgo y grandes necesidades de "
+"personal, además sólo una fracción de nuestra comunidad podría viajar al "
+"evento,» comentó Neal. Ayudar a otros para crear sus propios eventos "
+"alrededor del mundo les permitió incrementar su trabajo más efectivamente y "
+"alcanzar a mucha más getnte. Shearable catalizó trescientos eventos "
+"diferentes alcanzando más de veinte mil personas desde que implementó esta "
+"estrategia hace tres años. Siguiendo adelante, Shareable está enfocando a la "
+"red en crear y distribuir contenido destinado a estimular la acción local. "
+"Por ejemplo, Shareable publicará un nuevo libro bajo licencia CC en 2017 "
+"lleno de ideas para que las implemente su red."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6408
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6405
msgid ""
"Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly "
"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-size-"
"fits-all approach, Shareable puts the tools out there for people take the "
"ideas and adapt them to their own communities."
msgstr ""
+"Neal comentó que Shareable accidentalmente descubrió esta estrategia, pero "
+"parece que encapsula perfectamente como se supone que deben de trabajar los "
+"bienes comunes. En vez de tener un acercamiento único, Shareable pone las "
+"herramientas al alcance de la gente para que tome las ideas y las adapte a "
+"sus propias comunidades."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6410
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6407
msgid "## Siyavula"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6414
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6411
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates "
"textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South "
"Africa."
msgstr ""
+"Siyavula es una compañía tecnológica educativa que crea libros de texto e "
+"integra experiencias de aprendizaje. Fundada en 2012 en Sudafrica."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6416
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6413
msgid "www.siyavula.com"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6418
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6415
msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, sponsorships"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: cargos por servicios personalizados, patrocinios"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6420
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6417
msgid "Interview date: April 5, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: Abril 5, 2016"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6422
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6419
msgid "Interviewee: Mark Horner, CEO"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Mark Horner, CEO"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6430
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6427
msgid ""
"Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner "
"and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as "
"been a pioneer in creating high-quality open textbooks on mathematics and "
"science subjects for grades 4 to 12 in South Africa."
msgstr ""
+"La franqueza es un valor principal para Siyavula. Ellos creen que cualquier "
+"estudiante y maestrodebería tener acceso a recursos educativos de alta "
+"calidad, ya que estos forman la base para un crecimiento y desarrollo "
+"prolongado. Siyavula ha sido pionero en crear libros de texto de alta "
+"calidad en temas de matemática y ciencia para los grados 4 al 12 en "
+"Sudáfrica."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6435
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6432
msgid ""
"In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, "
"Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few "
"times. Siyavula has significantly shifted directions and strategies to "
"survive and prosper. Mark says it’s been very organic."
msgstr ""
+"En terminos de crear un un modelo de negocios abierto que involucre Creative "
+"Commons, Siyavula—y su fundador, Mark Horner— han tenido alguna experiencia. "
+"Siyavula ha cambiado significativamente su dirección y estrategia para "
+"sobrevivir y prosperar. Mark dice que ha sido muy orgánico."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6442
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6439
msgid ""
"It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the "
"University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science "
"to high-quality, comprehensive science and math textbooks, so Mark and his "
"colleagues set out to write them and make them freely available."
msgstr ""
+"Todo comenzó en 2002, cuando Mark y varios colegas en la Universidad del "
+"Cabo en Sudáfrica fundaron el proyecto libre de libros de texto de ciencias "
+"para nivel medio superior <Free High School Science Text project >. La "
+"mayoría de los estudiantes en el nivel medio superior de Sudáfrica no tenían "
+"acceso a libros de texto exhaustivos de alta calidad de matemáticas y "
+"ciencias, asi que Mark y sus colegas se dieron a la tarea de editarlos y "
+"ponerlos disponibles libremente."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6450
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6447
msgid ""
"As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source "
"software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software "
"books. Over a period of five years, the Free High School Science Texts "
"project produced math and physical-science textbooks for grades 10 to 12."
msgstr ""
+"Como físicos, Mark y sus colegas eran partidarios del software de código "
+"abierto. Para hacer a los libros abiertos y gratuitos, adoptaron la licencia "
+"GNU de documentación libre de la Free Software Foundation.1 Escogieron "
+"LaTeX, un programa de composición de texto usado para publicar documentos "
+"científicos, para escribir los libros. Durante un periodo de cinco años, el "
+"proyecto de libros de texto libres para nivel medio superior produjo libros "
+"de matemáticas y ciencias físicas para los grados 10 al 12."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6457
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6454
msgid ""
"In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the "
"textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after "
"the textbooks’ pedagogical content. This pleased both the authors and "
"Shuttleworth; Mark remains incredibly proud of this accomplishment."
msgstr ""
+"En 2007, la fundación Shuttleworth ofreció apoyo financiero para hacer a los "
+"libros de texto disponibles para su uso de prueba en más escuelas. Las "
+"encuestas realizadas antes y después de que los libros de texto fueran "
+"adapotados mostraron que no había señalamientos substanciales acerca del "
+"contenido pedagógico de los libros de texto. Esto agradó tanto a los autores "
+"como a la fundación Shuttlewoth; Mark continúa sintiendo profundo orgullo de "
+"este logro."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6462
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6459
msgid ""
"But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his "
"focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into "
"the printing and distribution options. A few sponsors came on board but not "
"enough to meet the need."
msgstr ""
+"Pero el desarrollo de nuevos libros de texto se congeló en esta etapa. Mark "
+"cambió su interés hacia las escuelas rurales, quienes no tenían ningun libro "
+"de texto en absoluto, y buscó las opciones de impresión y distribución. "
+"Algunos promotores se unieron pero no los necesarios para cubrir las "
+"necesidades."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6467
msgid ""
"In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of "
"open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One "
"grow.2 Shuttleworth also invited Mark to run a project writing open content "
"for all subjects for K–12 in English. That project became Siyavula."
msgstr ""
+"En 2007, Shuttleworth y el instituto Open Society reunieron a un grupo de "
+"activistas de la educación abierta para una reunión pequeña pero vivida en "
+"ciudad del Cabo. Uno de los resultados fue la declaración de educación "
+"abierta de la ciudad del Cabo, una declaración de principios, estrategias, y "
+"compromisos para ayudar al movimiento de educación abierta para crecer. 2 "
+"Shuttleworth también invitó a Mark para comenzar un proyecto escribiendo "
+"contenido abierto para todos los temas del K-12 en inglés. Ese proyecto se "
+"volvió Siyavula."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6477
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6474
msgid ""
"They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered "
"Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for "
"was struck, and all the acquired content was licensed with Creative Commons, "
"significantly expanding the collection beyond the six original books."
msgstr ""
+"Escribieron seis libros de texto iniciales. Una pequeña compañía editorial "
+"ofreció a Shuttleworth la opción de comprar el contenido K-9 existente de la "
+"editorial para cada tema en las escuela sudafricanas tanto en inglés como en "
+"afrikaans. Se logró un acuerdo, y todos el contenido adquirido fue "
+"licenciado con Creative Commons, ampliando significativamente la colección "
+"mas allá de los seis libros iniciales."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6490
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6487
msgid ""
"Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through "
"communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. "
"resources with Creative Commons licenses, thereby ensuring they were safe to "
"share and free from legal repercussions."
msgstr ""
+"Mark quería generar la curricula pendiente de manera colaborativa a través "
+"de comunidades de práctica—esto es, con compañeros educadores y escritores. "
+"A pesar de que compartir es fundamental para la enseñanza, pueden existir "
+"algunos desafíos cuando se crean recursos educativos colectivamente. Un "
+"aspecto es el legal. Es una práctica estándar en educación copiar diagramas "
+"y fragmentos de un texto, por supuesto esto no siempre cumple con la "
+"legislación del copyright. Otro aspecto es la transparencia. Compartir lo "
+"que has generado significa que cualquiera puede verlo y te expone a las "
+"críticas. Para aliviar estas preocupaciones, Mark adoptó un acercamiento en "
+"forma de equipo para crear e insistió que la curricula estuviera basada "
+"enteramente en recursos bajo licencias Creative Commons, asegurandose que de "
+"esa manera estarían seguros para compartir y libres de repercusiones legales."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6498
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6495
msgid ""
"Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers "
"to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up "
"Connexions.3 Siyavula trained many teachers to use Connexions, but it proved "
"to be too complex and the textbooks were rarely edited."
msgstr ""
+"Mark no solo quería que los recursos se pudieran compartir, quería que todos "
+"los maestros fueran capaced de editar y combinar el contenido. Mark y su "
+"equipo tuvieron que proporcionar un formato abierto editable y herramientas "
+"para la edición. Terminaron colocando todos los libros que habían adquirido "
+"y creado en una plataforma llamada Connexions.3 Siyavula entrenó a varios "
+"maestros para usar Connexions, pero probo ser demasiado complejo y los "
+"libros de texto rara vez fueron editados."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6504
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6501
msgid ""
"Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work "
"as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to "
"Siyavula). As part of that transition in 2009–10, Mark inherited Siyavula as "
"an independent entity and took ownership over it as a Shuttleworth fellow."
msgstr ""
+"Entonces la fundación Shuttleworth decidió restructurar completamente su "
+"trabajo como fundación en un modelo de tutorías ( por razones completamente "
+"sin relación con Siyavula ). Como parte de esa transición en 2009–10, Mark "
+"heredó Siyavula como una entidad independiente y tomó posesión de esta como "
+"un fellow de Shuttleworth."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6511
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6508
msgid ""
"Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They tried "
"creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that "
"aggregated into a package and printed for them. These services never really "
"panned out."
msgstr ""
+"Mark y su equipo experimentaron con varias estrategias diferentes. "
+"Intentaron crear una plataforma de almacenamiento y creación llamada Full "
+"Marks de tal manera que los maestros pudieran compartir elementos de "
+"evaluación. Intentaron crear un servicio llamado Open Press, donde los "
+"maestros pudieran perguntar por recursos educativos abiertos para ser "
+"agregados en un paquete e impreso para ellos. Estos servicios nunca "
+"funcionaron realmente."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6518
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6515
msgid ""
"Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in "
"printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and "
"in South Africa. Although at this point Siyavula was a bit discouraged by "
"open educational resources, they saw this as a big opportunity."
msgstr ""
+"Entonces el gobierno de Sudáfrica se acerco a Siyavula con el interés de "
+"imprimir los seis libros libres de text de ciencias para nivel medio "
+"superior (libros de texto de matemáticas y ciencias–física para los grados "
+"10 a 12) para todos los estudiantes de medio-superior en Sudáfrica. Aunque "
+"en este punto Siyavula estaba un poco decepcionado de los recursos "
+"educativos abiertos, vieron esto como una gran oportunidad."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6526
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6523
msgid ""
"They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing "
"potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South "
"make the books available on their website, making it possible for learners "
"to access them using any device—computer, tablet, or mobile phone."
msgstr ""
+"Comenzaron a pensar de los seis libros que tenían un potencial masívo de "
+"mercadeo para Siyavula. Imprimir los libros de Siyavula para cada niño en "
+"Sudáfrica le daría a su marca una amplía exposición y podría dirigir grandes "
+"cantidades de tráfico a sus sitios web. Además de imprimir libros, Siyavula "
+"también podría poner sus libros disponibles en sus sitios web, haciendo "
+"posible para los estudiantes tener acceso a ellos usando cualquier "
+"dispositivo—computadora, tableta, o teléfono móvil."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6534
msgid ""
"Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in "
"the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well "
"individual needs of each learner. They called this service Intelligent "
"Practice and embedded links to it in the open textbooks."
msgstr ""
+"Mark y su equipo comenzaron a imaginar qué podrían desarrollar más alla de "
+"lo que estuviera en los libros de texto como un servicio por el que se "
+"pudiera cobrar. Algo fundamental que no puedes hacer bien en un libro de "
+"texto impreso es demostrar soluciones. Tipicamente, una solución en una "
+"línea es dada al final del libro pero nada del proceso para llegar a esa "
+"solución. Mark y su equipo desarrollaron materiales de práctica y soluciones "
+"detalladas, dando a los estudiantes amplias oportunidades para prácticar lo "
+"que hubieran aprendido. Además, unu algoritmo podría adaptar estos "
+"materiales de práctica a las necesidades individuales de cada estudiante. "
+"Llamaron a este servicio Intelligent Practice y agregaron vínculos a el "
+"dentro de los libros de texto abiertos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6542
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6539
msgid ""
"The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it "
"accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going "
"for large volumes and wide-scale use rather than an expensive product "
"targeting only the high end of the market."
msgstr ""
+"El costo por usar Intelligent Practice se fijó muy bajo, haciendolo "
+"accesible incluso para aquellos con limitados medios financieros. Siyavula "
+"iba por grandes volúmenes y amplio uso en vez de un producto costoso "
+"dirigido únicamente a la parte más alta del mercado."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6550
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6547
msgid ""
"The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was "
"an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, "
"using a different book, the primary market for Siyavula’s Intelligent "
"Practice service inadvertently became low-income learners."
msgstr ""
+"El gobierno distribuyó los libros a 1.5 millones de estudiantes, pero hubo "
+"un hecho inesperado: los libros fueron distribuidos tarde. En vez de "
+"esperar, las escuelas que los podían adquirir les dieron a los estudiantes "
+"un libro de texto diferente. Los libros de Siyavula eventualmente se "
+"distribuyeron, pero con las escuelas adineradas usando un libro diferente, "
+"el mercado primario para el servicio Intelligent Practice de Siyavula "
+"involuntariamente se volvió los estudiantes de bajos ingresos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6558
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6555
msgid ""
"Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five "
"hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number "
"math and science on a two-inch screen at all hours of the day. To Mark, it "
"was quite amazing and spoke to a need they were servicing."
msgstr ""
+"El sitio de Siyavula contempló un dramático incremento en su tráfico. "
+"Tuvieron quinientos mil visitantes por mes a su sitio de matemáticas y la "
+"misma cantidad para su sitio de ciencias. Dos quintos del tráfico estaban "
+"leyendo en un «teléfono básico» (teléfono móvil de características limitadas "
+"). Las personas con teléfonos básicos leían matemáticas y ciencia en una "
+"pantalla de dos pulgadas durante todo el día. Para Mark, era bastante "
+"sorprendente y hablaba de una necesidad de lo que estaban atendiendo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6565
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6562
msgid ""
"At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a "
"credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income "
"about product, but how you sell it, who the market is, what the price is, "
"and what the barriers to entry are."
msgstr ""
+"Al principio, el servicio de Intelligent Practice podía ser pagado "
+"únicamente usando una tarjeta de crédito. Esto demostró ser problemático, "
+"especialmente para aquellos en el sector demográfico de bajos ingresos, "
+"donde las tarjetas de crédito no son predominantes. Mark comenta que "
+"Siyavula tuvo una dura lección de modelo de negocios tempranamente. Como él "
+"lo describe, no es acerca del producto, sino de cómo lo vendes, quién es el "
+"mercado, cuál es el precio, y que barreras para acceder hay."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6570
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6567
msgid ""
"Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open "
"textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, "
"where you can offer a related service and convert some people into a paid "
"customer."
msgstr ""
+"Mark describe esto como la primera versión del modelo de negocios de "
+"Siyavula: libros de texto abiertos funcionando como material de "
+"mercadotecnia y dirigiendo tráfico a ti sitio, donde puede ofrecer un "
+"servicio relacionado y convertir algunas personas en clientes de pago."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6577
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6574
msgid ""
"For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can "
"add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are "
"contrasts this with traditional publishers who charge over and over again "
"for the same content without adding value."
msgstr ""
+"Para Mark una decisión clave para el negocio de Siyavula fue enfocarse en "
+"cómo pueden agregar valor por encima de sus servicios básicos. Ellos "
+"cobrarán únicamente si están agregando valor único. El contenido presente en "
+"los libros de texto no es único, entonces Siyavula no ve ningún valor en "
+"cerrarlo y cobrar por el. Mark contrasta esto con los editores tradicionales "
+"quienes cobran una y otra vez por el mismo contenido sin agregar valor."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6587
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6584
msgid ""
"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. "
"They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools "
"and big schools have a price cap. A 40 percent discount is offered to "
"schools where both the science and math departments subscribe."
msgstr ""
+"La segunda versión del modelo de negocios de Siyavula fue una gran y "
+"ambiciosa idea—aumentada proporcionalmente. También decidieron vender el "
+"servicio Intelligent Practice a las escuelas directamente. Las escuelas "
+"pueden suscribirse de una forma por estudiante, por tema. Una suscripción "
+"individual le da al estudiante acceso a un tema individual, incluyendo "
+"contenido de práctico para cada grado disponible para ese tema. Bajas tasas "
+"de suscripción son proporcionadas cuando hay más de doscientos estudiantes, "
+"y las escuelas tienen un tope de precio. Un descuento del 40 porciento se "
+"ofrece a las escuelas donde los departamentos de matemáticas y de ciencias "
+"se suscriben."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6595
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6592
msgid ""
"Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an "
"entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the "
"dashboard, where they can view the sections they’ve practiced, how many "
"points they’ve earned, and how their performance is improving."
msgstr ""
+"Los profesores obtienen un panel que les permite monitorear el progreso de "
+"una clase entera o ver los resultados de un estudiante. Pueden ver las "
+"preguntas en las que los estudiantes están trabajando, identificar áreas de "
+"dificultad, y ser más estratégicos en sus enseñazas. Los estudiantes también "
+"pueden tener sus propio panel personalizado, donde pueden ver las secciones "
+"que han practicado, cuantos puntos han obtenido, y como se va mejorando su "
+"desempeño."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6601
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6598
msgid ""
"Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially "
"increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide "
"12 math and science books were reworked each year, and new books created for "
"grades 4 to 6 and later grades 7 to 9."
msgstr ""
+"Basado en el éxito de este esfuerzo, Siyavula decidió incrementar "
+"sustancialmente la producción de los recursos educativos abiertos de tal "
+"manera que pudieran ofrecer el servicio de Intelligent Practice para un "
+"rango más amplio de libros. Los libros de matemáticas y ciencias para los "
+"grados 10 al 12 fueron retrabajados cada año, y nuevos libros fueron creados "
+"para los grados 4 al 6 y depués para los grados 7 al 9."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6607
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6604
msgid ""
"In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula "
"produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 "
"complete curriculum that also comes with teacher’s guides and other "
"resources."
msgstr ""
+"En asociación, y patrocinado por, la fundación Sasol Inzalo, Siyavula "
+"produjo una serie de libros de trabajo de ciencias naturales y tecnología "
+"para los grados 4 al 6 titulados Thunderbolt Kids que usa un estilo "
+"divertido de cuento de cómic. Es un curriculum completo que también viene "
+"con una guía de maestro y otros recursos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6615
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6612
msgid ""
"Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help "
"fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6622
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6619
msgid ""
"The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the "
"government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6631
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6628
msgid ""
"Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard "
"copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6639
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6636
msgid ""
"Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing "
"students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6643
msgid ""
"Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks "
"even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6655
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6652
msgid ""
"Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its "
"Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6660
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6657
msgid ""
"Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent "
"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6667
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6664
msgid ""
"Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. "
"These include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6680
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6677
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their "
"shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6684
msgid "www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6684
msgid "www.capetowndeclaration.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6684
msgid "cnx.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6684
msgid "www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6689
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6686
msgid "## Sparkfun"
msgstr "## Sparkfun"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6692
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6689
msgid ""
"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. "
"Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
"hardware abierto. Fundada en 2003 en Estados Unidos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6694
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6691
msgid "www.sparkfun.com"
msgstr "www.sparkfun.com"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6696
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6693
msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (electronics sales)"
msgstr ""
"Modelo de ingresos: cobrar por copias físicas (ventas de componentes "
"electrónicos)"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6695
msgid "Interview date: February 29, 2016"
msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: 29 de febrero de 2016"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6700
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6697
msgid "Interviewee: Nathan Seidle, founder"
msgstr "Entrevistado: Nathan Seidle, fundador"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6708
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6705
msgid ""
"SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself "
"holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, "
"hecha por alguien más. Su reacción fue de júbilo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6713
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6710
msgid ""
"“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan said. "
"“I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we were never "
"en el mundo.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6721
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6718
msgid ""
"This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an "
"electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the "
"por su cuenta. Ser copiados es parte del diseño."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6729
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6726
msgid ""
"Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our "
"natural human instinct to share,” he said. But he also strongly believes it "
"como propiedad intelectual."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6733
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6730
msgid ""
"“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your territory "
"with intellectual property allows you to get comfy and rest on your laurels. "
"laureles. Da una red de seguridad. Nosotros quitamos esa red de seguridad.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6741
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6738
msgid ""
"The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and "
"improvement. “Our products are so much better than they were five years "
"nosotros, es mejor para los clientes.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6749
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6746
msgid ""
"SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come "
"directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example "
"Nathan. «Esto es con lo que deberían competir.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6758
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6755
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a "
"lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized "
"graduarse, empezó a hacer y vender sus propios productos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6765
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6762
msgid ""
"Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software "
"and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some "
"para los productos que crean."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6772
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6769
msgid ""
"The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 "
"employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned \\$33 million in revenue. Selling "
"para producir placas para revender usando la marca de Arduino."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6779
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6776
msgid ""
"SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on "
"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. "
"tecnología es una extensión natural de su negocio central."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6783
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6780
msgid ""
"“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of "
"technical citizens,” Nathan said. “Our goal is to affect the lives of three "
"trescientos y cincuenta mil estudiantes de colegio para el 2020.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6792
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6789
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is "
"central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to "
"disponible bajo los mismo términos de licenciamiento."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6801
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6798
msgid ""
"From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at "
"SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears "
"competencia."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6812
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6809
msgid ""
"The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a "
"thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from "
"lo hace más significativo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6820
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6817
msgid ""
"Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun "
"does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but "
"porque no se enfocan de forma singular en el resultado final."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6826
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6823
msgid ""
"The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials "
"with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another "
"que vienen a su sitio no solo encuentren contenido sin cambios."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6836
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6833
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics "
"enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s "
"identifican puntos débiles, y nosotros diseñamos algo para solucionarlos.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6844
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6841
msgid ""
"However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to "
"people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a "
"dijo Nathan. «Eso no es realmente cierto.»"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6852
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6849
msgid ""
"Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead "
"focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their "
"diseños,» dijo Nathan."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6864
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6861
msgid ""
"Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if "
"their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes "
"propusieron ser."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6866
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6863
msgid "## TeachAIDS"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6870
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6867
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to "
"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6872
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6869
msgid "teachaids.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6874
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6871
msgid "Revenue model: sponsorships"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6876
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6873
msgid "Interview date: March 24, 2016"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6878
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6875
msgid "Interviewees: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6885
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6882
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue "
"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6896
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6893
msgid ""
"But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with "
"a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6914
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6911
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a "
"salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6924
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6921
msgid ""
"In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new "
"educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6928
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6925
msgid ""
"Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the "
"endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6941
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6938
msgid ""
"Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing "
"the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6948
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6945
msgid ""
"Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an "
"outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6955
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6952
msgid ""
"One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes "
"from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6968
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6965
msgid ""
"Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way "
"TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6982
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6979
msgid ""
"The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base "
"is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6999
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6996
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in "
"different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7010
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7007
msgid ""
"Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years "
"with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7019
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7016
msgid ""
"Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on "
"advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7027
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7024
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific "
"project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7038
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7035
msgid ""
"As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new "
"country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,” Piya said. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7045
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7042
msgid ""
"Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial "
"considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7052
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7049
msgid ""
"The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education"
"—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7054
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7051
msgid "## Tribe of Noise"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "## Tribe of Noise"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7058
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7055
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, "
"video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the "
"Netherlands."
msgstr ""
+"Tribe of Noise es una plataforma de música con fines de lucro que sirve a "
+"las industrias fílmica, de TV, video, juegos, y de medios en tienda. Fue "
+"fundada en 2008 en los Países Bajos (Holanda)."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7060
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7057
msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "www.tribeofnoise.com"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7064
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7061
msgid "Interview date: January 26, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 26 de enero, 2016"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7066
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7063
msgid "Interviewee: Hessel van Oorschot, cofounder"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Hessel van Oorschot, cofundador"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7076
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7073
msgid ""
"In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a "
"business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an "
"Through this early work, Hessel became familiar with the principles of open "
"licensing, including the use of open-source software and Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
+"A principios de los años 2000, Hessel van Oorschot era un empresario que "
+"dirigía un negocio donde asesoraba a otros empresarios de tamaño mediano "
+"acerca de cómo crear un negocio en línea. Fue también el coautor de diversos "
+"cuadernos de trabajo para que las pequeñas y medianas empresas utilizaran "
+"para optimizar sus negocios para la Web. Por medio de su trabajo temprano, "
+"Hessel se familiarizó con los principios del licenciamiento permisivo, "
+"incluyendo el uso de software de fuentes abiertas y Creative Commons."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7084
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7081
msgid ""
"In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production "
"initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and "
"2005, the ability to directly license music from a rights holder was not "
"readily available."
msgstr ""
+"En 2005, Hessel y Sandra Brandenburg lanzaron una iniciativa de producción "
+"de videos para nicho. Casi inmediatamente, se toparon con problemas "
+"relacionados con encontrar y licenciar pistas de música. Todo lo que podían "
+"encontrar era la música fría y estándar de _stock._ Pensaron buscar sitios "
+"Web donde pudieran licenciar la música directamente de su creador sin tener "
+"que pasar a través de etiquetas o agentes. Pero en 2005, la posibilidad de "
+"licenciar música directamente del titular de sus derechos no era "
+"suficientemente fácil de encontrar."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7092
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7089
msgid ""
"They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five "
"or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers "
"after some more research, in early 2008, Hessel and Sandra decided to build "
"a platform."
msgstr ""
+"Contrataron a dos abogados para investigar a mayor profundidad, y si bien "
+"encontraron cinco o seis ejemplos, Hessel encontró que los modelos de "
+"negocio que éstos seguían eran insuficientes. Los abogados expresaron su "
+"interés en ser su equipo legal si decidían perseguir esto como una "
+"oportunidad de negocios. Hessel dice, ”cuando los abogados están interesados "
+"en una empresa de este tipo, puede ser que sea algo especial.” Entonces, "
+"después de hacer algo más de investigación, a principios de 2008 Hessel y "
+"Sandra se decidieron a construir una plataforma."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7098
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7095
msgid ""
"Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had "
"to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, "
"works. Community willingness to try new music business models requires a "
"trust relationship."
msgstr ""
+"Construir una plataforma representó un problema real comparable con el del "
+"huevo y la gallina. La plataforma tenía que construir una comunidad en línea "
+"de titulares de derechos en el campo de la música y, al mismo tiempo, dar a "
+"la comunidad la información y las ideas acerca de cómo trabaja esta nueva "
+"economía. La disposición de la comunidad para probar nuevos modelos de "
+"negocio musicales requiere de una relación de confianza."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7105
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7102
msgid ""
"In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred "
"musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a "
"pain away for media makers who wanted to license music and solve the "
"problems the two had personally experienced finding this music."
msgstr ""
+"En julio de 2008, Tribe of Noise abrió sus puertas virtuales con un par de "
+"cientos de músicos dispuestos a utilizar la licencia CC BY-SA (Atribución-"
+"CompartirIgual) para una parte limitada de sus repertorios. Los dos "
+"empresarios querían liberar del dolor a los creadores de medios que quieren "
+"licenciar música, y resolver los problemas que ambos habían experimentado "
+"personalmente para encontrar dicha música."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7113
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7110
msgid ""
"As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company "
"that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed "
"In-store Music Service, using music (licensed with CC BY-SA) uploaded by the "
"Tribe of Noise community of musicians.1"
msgstr ""
+"Al tiempo que su comunidad iba creciendo, Hessel recibió una llamada "
+"telefónica de una compañía que creaba listas de reproducción para su uso "
+"dentro de negocios, preguntando si tenían suficiente material con licencias "
+"tipo Creative Commons que pudieran utilizar. Los negocios requieren de "
+"música de calidad, de fácil escucha, aunque no necesariamente _hits_, un "
+"poco como un programa de radio sin DJ. Esto abrió una nueva oportunidad para "
+"Tribe of Noise. Iniciaron su servicio de música dentro del negocio, "
+"utilizando música (licenciada bajo CC BY-SA) subida por la comunidad de "
+"músicos de Tribe of Noise.1"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7131
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7128
msgid ""
"In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society "
"that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright "
"that it was OK. However, Hessel says, “We are still fighting for a good "
"cause every single day.”"
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7142
+"En la mayor parte de los países, los artistas, autores y músicos se unen a "
+"una sociedad recaudatoria que gestiona el licenciamiento y ayuda a cobrar "
+"las regalías. En la Unión Europea, las sociedades de recolección de "
+"copyright típicamente confoman monopolios en sus respectivos mercados "
+"nacionales. Además de lo anterior, requieren que sus miembros les "
+"transfieran derechos exclusivos de administración por todos sus trabajos. "
+"Esto complica el panorama para Tribe of Noise, que quiere representar a los "
+"artistas, o por lo menos a una porción de su repertorio. Hessel y su equipo "
+"legal se pusieron en contacto con estas sociedades recaudadoras, iniciando "
+"con las holandesas. ¿Cuál sería la mejor manera legal que respetara los "
+"deseos de los compositores y los músicos que estuvieran interesados en "
+"nuevos modelos, como el Servicio de Música Dentro del Negocio? Las "
+"sociedades recaudadoras en un principio se vieron reacias y se negaron a "
+"cooperar, pero Tribe of Noise persistió, argumentando que ellos trabajan de "
+"forma primaria con _artistas unicornio_ y les brindan exposición en partes "
+"del mundo donde no es fácil llegar en avión, y ha resultado una fuente de "
+"ingresos — Y esto los convenció de que estaba bien. Pero, dice Hessel, ”"
+"Seguimos luchando por una buena causa todos los días.”"
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7139
msgid ""
"Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big "
"organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of "
"with Creative Commons. Outside of the Netherlands, early adoptions have "
"happened in Scandinavia, Belgium, and the U.S."
msgstr ""
+"En vez de construir una fuerza de ventas más grande, Tribe of Noise se alió "
+"con las grandes organizaciones que tienen muchos clientes y pueden actuar "
+"como una especie de revendedores de Tribe of Noise. La red de comunicaciones "
+"más grande de los Países Bajos, por ejemplo, vende suscripciones al servicio "
+"de música en el negocio de Tribe a sus clientes empresariales, los cuales "
+"incluyen a los vendedores de artículos de moda y centros de entrenamiento "
+"físico. Tienen un trato similar con la principal asociación profesional que "
+"representa a hoteles y restaurantes en el país. Hessel espera ”copiar y "
+"pegar” este servicio hacia otros países en que las sociedades recaudadoras "
+"comprendan lo que puede hacerse con Creative Commons. Fuera de los países "
+"bajos, se han presentado adopciones tempranas en Escandinavia, Bélgica y los "
+"Estados Unidos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7149
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7146
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their "
"music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ "
"artist to get only 5 to 10 percent, so a share of over 40 percent is a "
"significantly better deal. Here’s how they give an example on their website:"
msgstr ""
+"Tribe of Noise no le paga directamente a los músicos; les pagan cuando su "
+"música aparece en los canales de música en el negocio de Tribe of Noise. La "
+"cantidad de recursos que reciben los músicos es del 42.5%. No es fuera de lo "
+"común en el modelo tradicional que el artista reciba únicamente 5 a 10%, con "
+"lo que una participación del 40% es un negocio significativamente mejor. Así "
+"es como presentan el ejemplo en su sitio Web:"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7158
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7155
msgid ""
"A few of your songs \\[licensed with CC BY-SA\\], for example five in total, "
"are selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large "
"you end up with US\\$12 \\* 1000 stores \\* 0.425 \\* 0.0143 = US\\$73 per "
"month.2"
msgstr ""
+"Algunas de sus canciones \\[licenciadas bajo CC BY-SA\\], cinco en total por "
+"poner un ejemplo, han sido seleccionadas para un canal de música en el "
+"negocio, que se transmite a un conglomerado con 1,000 tiendas en el país. En "
+"este caso, la lista de reproducción global contiene 350 canciones, con lo "
+"que la proporción del músico es 5/350 = 1.43%. El costo de licenciamiento "
+"acordado con el conglomerado es de US\\$12 por mes por reproducción. Así que "
+"si 42.5% de esto es compartido con los músicos de Tribe en esta lista, y su "
+"participación es de 1.43%, termina recibiendo US\\$12 \\* 1000 tiendas \\*"
+"0.425 \\* 0.142 = US\\$73 por mes.2"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7167
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7164
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In "
"a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative "
"one of their songs may become an overnight hit. If that happened the CC BY-"
"SA license would preclude them getting rich off the sale of that song."
msgstr ""
+"Tribe of Noise tiene otro modelo que no involucra a Creative Commons. En una "
+"encuesta a sus miembros, la mayor parte dijeron que les gusta la exposición "
+"que Creative Commons les da y la forma en que les permite llegar a otros "
+"para compartir y remezclar. Sin embargo, les ha costado aceptar el hecho de "
+"que las licencias Creative Commons sean perpetuas. Muchos músicos comparten "
+"la mentalidad de que, un día, una de sus canciones se volverá un _hit_ de la "
+"noche a la mañana. Si eso ocurriera, el licenciamiento CC BY-SA les "
+"impediría volverse ricos por las ventas de dicha canción."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7176
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7173
msgid ""
"Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and "
"separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to "
"Tribe of Noise platform within one to two months. This lets the musician "
"reuse their song for a better deal."
msgstr ""
+"El equipo legal de Hesse obtuvo esta retroalimentación y creó un segundo "
+"modelo, así como un área separada de la plataforma llamada Tribe of Noise "
+"Pro. Las canciones subidas a Tribe of Noise Pro no llevan licenciamiento "
+"Creative Commons; Tribe of Noise creó, en vez de esto, un contrato de ”"
+"explotación no exclusiva”, similar a una licencia Creative Commons, pero que "
+"permite a los músicos abandonarlo cuando quieran. Cuando lo abandonan, Tribe "
+"of Noise retira su música de la plataforma de Tribe of Noise en el lapso de "
+"entre uno y dos meses. Esto permite al músico reutilizar su canción en un "
+"posible mejor acuerdo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7183
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7180
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking "
"for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state "
"This is a big plus for media makers. And musicians can pull their repertoire "
"at any time. Hessel sees this as a more direct and clean deal."
msgstr ""
+"Tribe of Noise Pro está principalmente enfocado a los creadores de medios "
+"que buscan música. Si compran una licencia de éste catálogo, no hace falta "
+"que indiquen el nombre del creador; únicamente licencian la canción por un "
+"monto específico. Esto representa una buena ganancia para los creadores de "
+"medios. Y los músicos pueden retirar su repertorio en el momento que lo "
+"consideren mejor. Hessel opina que esto lleva a acuerdos más directos y "
+"limpios."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7188
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7185
msgid ""
"Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and "
"the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who "
"upload only to Tribe of Noise Pro, which has a smaller repertoire of music "
"than the community area."
msgstr ""
+"Muchos músicos de Tribe of Noise suben canciones tanto a Tribe of Noise Pro "
+"como al área comunitaria de Tribe of Noise. No hay muchos artistas que suban "
+"su contenido únicamente a Tribe of Noise Pro, el cual tiene un mucho menor "
+"repertorio musical que el área comunitaria."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7195
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7192
msgid ""
"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. "
"With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the "
"exposure, and generate money. And after that, musicians may become more "
"interested in exploring other models like Tribe of Noise Pro."
msgstr ""
+"Hessel considera que ambos son mutuamente complementarios. Ambos son "
+"necesarios para que el modelo funcione. Con toda una generación de músicos "
+"interesada en la economía de compartir, el área comunitaria de Tribe of "
+"Noise es donde pueden construir confianza, crear exposición, y generar "
+"dinero. Después de eso, los músicos pueden desarrollar mayor interés en "
+"explorar otros modelos como el de Tribe of Noise Pro."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7204
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7201
msgid ""
"Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free "
"unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe "
"really like having people working for the platform who truly engage with "
"them."
msgstr ""
+"Cada músico que se une a Tribe of Noise recibe su propia página personal y "
+"un espacio Web ilimitado gratuito para subir toda la música de su creación "
+"que quieran. Tribe of Noise es también una red social; colegas músicos y "
+"profesionales pueden votar por, comentar en, y gustar de la música. Los "
+"administradores de comunidad interactúan con los miembros y les brindan "
+"soporte, y los supervisores musicales seleccionan y eligen de entre las "
+"canciones subidas, ya sea para reproducción en el negocio o para promoverlas "
+"a productores de medios. Los miembros realmente gustan de que haya gente en "
+"la plataforma que genuinamente se involucran con ellos."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7212
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7209
msgid ""
"Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, "
"which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client "
"engagement, contests help members learn how to work with clients: listening "
"to them, understanding what they want, and creating a song to meet that need."
msgstr ""
+"Otra manera en que Tribe of Noise crea comunidad e interés es con concursos, "
+"que se organizan en conjunto con los clientes de Tribe of Noise. El cliente "
+"especifica lo que quiera, y cualquier miembro puede proponer una canción. "
+"Los concursos típicamente incluyen premios, exposición y dinero. Además de "
+"impulsar al involucramiento de los miembros, los concursos ayudan a los "
+"miembros a aprender cómo es que se trabaja con los clientes: Escuchándolos, "
+"comprendiendo lo que quieren, y creando una canción que cubra dicha "
+"necesidad."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7223
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7220
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and "
"many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came "
"licensing some of their songs under CC BY-SA and opting in others with "
"collecting societies like ASCAP or BMI."
msgstr ""
+"Tribe of Noise tiene ahora veintisiete mil miembros de 192 países, y muchos "
+"están explorando modelos tipo hágalo-usted-mismo para obtener mayores "
+"ingresos. Algunos provienen de los sellos y editores musicales, quienes, "
+"después de cruzar la forma tradicional de licenciamiento de la música, "
+"vieron el sentido que este modelo tiene para ellos. Otros son jóvenes "
+"músicos, que crecieron con una mentalidad de hágalo-usted-mismo y ven muy "
+"pocas razones para comprometerse con un tercero o entregar parte del "
+"control. Como sea, un pequeño pero creciente grupo de los miembros de Tribe "
+"están persiguiendo un modelo híbrido licenciando algunas de sus canciones "
+"bajo CC BY-SA y adoptando junto con otros a los contratos societales como "
+"ASCAP o BMI."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7238
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7235
msgid ""
"It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or "
"music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such "
"represent. So far, Tribe of Noise has been able to make all this work "
"without litigation."
msgstr ""
+"No es poco común que organizaciones de derechos performáticos, sellos "
+"musicales, o editores musicales firmen sus contratos con los músicos "
+"demandando la exclusividad. Esos acuerdos no permiten a los músicos subir "
+"sus creaciones a Tribe of Noise. En los Estados Unidos, puede otorgarse a "
+"una asociación autoral la administración de únicamente un conjunto de "
+"piezas, pero en varios países de Europa, estas asociaciones prefieren "
+"representar el repertorio entero del artista (aunque la Comisión Europea "
+"está haciendo algunos cambios). Tribe of Noise trata con este asunto todo el "
+"tiempo y emite una advertencia al usuario cuando sube una canción. Si las "
+"asociaciones autorales están dispuestas a ser abiertas y flexibles, y hacer "
+"lo máximo por sus miembros, pueden considerar a organizaciones como Tribe of "
+"Noise como un lindo agregado, generando más exposición y ganancia para los "
+"músicos a quienes representan. Hasta ahora, Tribe of Noise ha podido operar "
+"sin tener que enfrentar batallas legales."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7247
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7244
msgid ""
"For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that "
"Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been "
"Creative Commons makes it possible to create a new business model for music, "
"a model that’s based on trust."
msgstr ""
+"Para Hessel, la llave del éxito de Tribe of Noise es la confianza. El hecho "
+"de que las licencias Creative Commons funcionen de la misma manera en todo "
+"el mundo y que hayan sido traducidas a todos los lenguajes verdaderamente "
+"ayuda a construir dicha confianza. Tribe of Noise cree en crear un modelo "
+"donde puedan trabajar junto con músicos. Sólo pueden hacerlo cuando hay una "
+"comunidad viva y con energías, con gente que piensa que Tribe of Noise actúa "
+"con el mejor interés de todos los involucrados en mente. Creative Commons "
+"posibilita crear un nuevo modelo de negocios para la música, un modelo "
+"basado en la confianza."
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7252
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7249
msgid "www.instoremusicservice.com"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "www.instoremusicservice.com"
#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7252
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7249
msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com/info\\_instoremusic.php"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "www.tribeofnoise.com/info\\_instoremusic.php"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7254
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7251
msgid "## Wikimedia Foundation"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7257
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7254
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia "
"and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7259
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7256
msgid "wikimediafoundation.org"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7261
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7258
msgid "Revenue model: donations"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7263
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7260
msgid "Interview date: December 18, 2015"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7266
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7263
msgid ""
"Interviewees: Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community Engagement, and "
"Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7270
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7267
msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7276
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7273
msgid ""
"In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is "
"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7280
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7277
msgid ""
"As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the "
"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7292
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7289
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns "
"the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7297
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7294
msgid ""
"As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, “There is a common "
"saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.” While it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7304
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7301
msgid ""
"Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a "
"unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7314
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7311
msgid ""
"The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is "
"enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7334
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7331
msgid ""
"The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous "
"cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental community "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7347
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7344
msgid ""
"Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the "
"foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7358
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7355
msgid ""
"Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its "
"sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7374
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7371
msgid ""
"Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is "
"that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7382
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7379
msgid ""
"But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are "
"passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7391
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7388
msgid ""
"The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, "
"but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7399
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7396
msgid ""
"The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single "
"human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7404
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7401
msgid ""
"The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be "
"financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7409
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7406
msgid ""
"Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number "
"of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7415
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7412
msgid ""
"Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great "
"public resources. “The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, but it "
msgstr ""
#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7419
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7416
msgid "gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7421
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7418
msgid "## Bibliography"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7426
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7423
msgid ""
"Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7430
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7427
msgid ""
"Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7432
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7429
msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7435
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7432
msgid ""
"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7438
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7435
msgid ""
"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7443
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7440
msgid ""
"Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms "
"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. www.benkler."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7448
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7445
msgid ""
"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. "
"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. www.slideshare.net/WithoutModel/open-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7453
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7450
msgid ""
"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper "
"commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7456
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7453
msgid ""
"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. "
"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7464
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7461
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the "
"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7467
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7464
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World "
"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7470
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7467
msgid ""
"Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7473
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7470
msgid ""
"Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New "
"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7475
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7472
msgid "www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7479
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7476
msgid ""
"Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7482
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7479
msgid ""
"Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation "
"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7485
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7482
msgid ""
"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from "
"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7491
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7488
msgid ""
"City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7495
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7492
msgid ""
"Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural "
"Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7498
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7495
msgid ""
"Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative "
"Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7501
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7498
msgid ""
"Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7505
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7502
msgid ""
"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing "
"at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. hbr.org/2015/01/the-"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7510
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7507
msgid ""
"Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: "
"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7513
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7510
msgid ""
"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. "
"New York: Portfolio, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7516
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7513
msgid ""
"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a Post-"
"Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7520
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7517
msgid ""
"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit "
"Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009. ssir.org/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7523
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7520
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. "
"New York: Oxford University Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7527
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7524
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. "
"Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7531
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7528
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. "
"“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, and "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7534
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7531
msgid ""
"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with "
"new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7537
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7534
msgid ""
"Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New York: "
"Viking, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7540
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7537
msgid ""
"Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7544
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7541
msgid ""
"Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the "
"Age of Crisis. With Neal Gorenflo. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7547
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7544
msgid ""
"Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: "
"Doubleday Canada, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7550
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7547
msgid ""
"Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: "
"Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7553
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7550
msgid ""
"———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage "
"Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7556
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7553
msgid ""
"Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7559
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7556
msgid ""
"Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7561
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7558
msgid "Berrett-Koehler, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7564
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7561
msgid ""
"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7567
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7564
msgid ""
"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. "
"New York: Workman, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7570
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7567
msgid ""
"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7573
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7570
msgid ""
"Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” "
"BBC News, March 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7576
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7573
msgid ""
"Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid "
"Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7579
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7576
msgid ""
"Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and "
"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7582
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7579
msgid ""
"Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus "
"and Giroux, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7586
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7583
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
"People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7590
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7587
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, NJ: "
"John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at strategyzer."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7594
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7591
msgid ""
"Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value "
"Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of the "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7597
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7594
msgid ""
"Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7603
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7600
msgid ""
"Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make "
"Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What Are "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7608
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7605
msgid ""
"Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, "
"Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. www.academia.edu/27143172/The"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7613
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7610
msgid ""
"Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open "
"Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7617
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7614
msgid ""
"Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous "
"Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7621
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7618
msgid ""
"Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7623
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7620
msgid ""
"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7626
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7623
msgid ""
"Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the "
"Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7629
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7626
msgid ""
"Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New "
"York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7632
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7629
msgid ""
"Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7635
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7632
msgid ""
"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR "
"Books, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7638
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7635
msgid ""
"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. "
"New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7641
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7638
msgid ""
"Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: "
"Ikigai Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7644
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7641
msgid ""
"Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a "
"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7647
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7644
msgid ""
"Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise "
"of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7649
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7646
msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7653
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7650
msgid ""
"Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology "
"Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7656
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7653
msgid ""
"Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark "
"Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7659
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7656
msgid ""
"Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: "
"University of Chicago Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7665
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7662
msgid ""
"Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open "
"Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS Publishers, "
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7669
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7666
msgid ""
"Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society "
"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. society30.com/"
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7672
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7669
msgid ""
"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. web."
"mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7675
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7672
msgid ""
"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. "
"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7677
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7674
msgid "## Acknowledgments"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "## Agradecimientos"
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7683
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7680
msgid ""
"We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative "
"Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for "
"Flora Hewlett Foundation for the initial seed funding that got us started on "
"this project."
msgstr ""
+"Queremos agradecerle especialmente al CEO de Creative Commons, Ryan Merkley, "
+"al Consejo de Creative Commons y a todos nuestros colegas de Creative "
+"Commons por apoyar nuestro trabajo con entusiasmo. Le debemos una gratitud "
+"especial a la Fundación William and Flora Hewlett por el financiamiento "
+"inicial que nos permitió empezar este proyecto."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7687
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7684
msgid ""
"Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for "
"sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for "
"the inspiration."
msgstr ""
+"Apreciamos enormemente a todos los entrevistados del libro Hecho con "
+"Creative Commons por compartir sus historias con nosotros. Ustedes hacen que "
+"los comunes tengan vida. Gracias por la inspiración."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7693
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7690
msgid ""
"We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this "
"book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium "
"this book, you all are equally interesting, and we encourage our readers to "
"visit your sites and explore your work."
msgstr ""
+"Entrevistamos a más que las veinticuatro organizaciones que se describen en "
+"este libro. Queremos agradecerles a Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks y a Medium "
+"por compartir sus historias con nosotros. Mientras no aparecieron de manera "
+"destacada como casos de estudio en este libro, son igualmente interesantes y "
+"animamos a nuestros lectores a que visiten sus sitios web y exploren su "
+"trabajo."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7698
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7695
msgid ""
"This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter "
"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-"
"editors who read early drafts of our work and provided invaluable feedback. "
"Heartfelt thanks to all of you."
msgstr ""
+"Este libro fue posible gracias al generoso apoyo de los 1.687 patrocinadores "
+"de Kickstarter que se listan a continuación. Queremos agradecer "
+"especialmente a nuestros co-editores de Kickstarter que leyeron los primeros "
+"borradores de este trabajo y nos ofrecieron una retroalimentación "
+"invaluable. Gracias de todo corazón a todos ustedes."
#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7745
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7742
msgid ""
"Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham "
"Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, "
"William Peter Nash, Winie Evers, Wolfgang Renninger, Xavier Antoviaque, "
"Yancey Strickler"
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8098
+"Co-editores patrocinadores de Kickstarter (listados alfabéticamente por "
+"apellido): Abraham Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, "
+"Aurora Thornton, Austin Tolentino, Ben Sheridan, Benedikt Foit, Benjamin "
+"Costantini, Bernd Nurnberger, Bernhard Seefeld, Bethanye Blount, Bradford "
+"Benn, Bryan Mock, Carmen Garcia Wiedenhoeft, Carolyn Hinchliff, Casey "
+"Milford, Cat Cooper, Chip McIntosh, Chris Thorne, Chris Weber, Chutika "
+"Udomsinn, Claire Wardle, Claudia Cristiani, Cody Allard, Colleen Cressman, "
+"Craig Thomler, Creative Commons Uruguay, Curt McNamara, Dan Parson, Daniel "
+"Dominguez, Daniel Morado, Darius Irvin, Dave Taillefer, David Lewis, David "
+"Mikula, David Varnes, David Wiley, Deborah Nas, Diderik van Wingerden, Dirk "
+"Kiefer, Dom Lane, Domi Enders, Douglas Van Houweling, Dylan Field, Einar "
+"Joergensen, Elad Wieder, Elie Calhoun, Erika Reid, Evtim Papushev, Fauxton "
+"Software, Felix Maximiliano Obes, Ferdies Food Lab, Gatien de Broucker, "
+"Gaurav Kapil, Gavin Romig-Koch, George Baier IV, George De Bruin, Gianpaolo "
+"Rando, Glenn Otis Brown, Govindarajan Umakanthan, Graham Bird, Graham "
+"Freeman, Hamish MacEwan, Harry Kaczka, Humble Daisy, Ian Capstick, Iris "
+"Brest, James Cloos, Jamie Stevens, Jamil Khatib, Jane Finette, Jason Blasso, "
+"Jason E. Barkeloo, Jay M Williams, Jean-Philippe Turcotte, Jeanette Frey, "
+"Jeff De Cagna, Jérôme Mizeret, Jessica Dickinson Goodman, Jessy Kate "
+"Schingler, Jim O’Flaherty, Jim Pellegrini, Jiří Marek, Jo Allum, Joachim von "
+"Goetz, Johan Adda, John Benfield, John Bevan, Jonas Öberg, Jonathan Lin, JP "
+"Rangaswami, Juan Carlos Belair, Justin Christian, Justin Szlasa, Kate "
+"Chapman, Kate Stewart, Kellie Higginbottom, Kendra Byrne, Kevin Coates, "
+"Kristina Popova, Kristoffer Steen, Kyle Simpson, Laurie Racine, Leonardo "
+"Bueno Postacchini, Leticia Britos Cavagnaro, Livia Leskovec, Louis-David "
+"Benyayer, Maik Schmalstich, Mairi Thomson, Marcia Hofmann, Maria Liberman, "
+"Marino Hernandez, Mario R. Hemsley, MD, Mark Cohen, Mark Mullen, Mary Ellen "
+"Davis, Mathias Bavay, Matt Black, Matt Hall, Max van Balgooy, Médéric Droz-"
+"dit-Busset, Melissa Aho, Menachem Goldstein, Michael Harries, Michael Lewis, "
+"Michael Weiss, Miha Batic, Mike Stop Continues, Mike Stringer, Mustafa K "
+"Calik, MD, Neal Stimler, Niall McDonagh, Niall Twohig, Nicholas Norfolk, "
+"Nick Coghlan, Nicole Hickman, Nikki Thompson, Norrie Mailer, Omar Kaminski, "
+"OpenBuilds, Papp István Péter, Pat Sticks, Patricia Brennan, Paul and Iris "
+"Brest, Paul Elosegui, Penny Pearson, Peter Mengelers, Playground Inc., "
+"Pomax, Rafaela Kunz, Rajiv Jhangiani, Rayna Stamboliyska, Rob Berkley, Rob "
+"Bertholf, Robert Jones, Robert Thompson, Ronald van den Hoff, Rusi Popov, "
+"Ryan Merkley, S Searle, Salomon Riedo, Samuel A. Rebelsky, Samuel Tait, "
+"Sarah McGovern, Scott Gillespie, Seb Schmoller, Sharon Clapp, Sheona "
+"Thomson, Siena Oristaglio, Simon Law, Solomon Simon, Stefano Guidotti, "
+"Subhendu Ghosh, Susan Chun, Suzie Wiley, Sylvain Carle, Theresa Bernardo, "
+"Thomas Hartman, Thomas Kent, Timothée Planté, Timothy Hinchliff, Traci Long "
+"DeForge, Trevor Hogue, Tumuult, Vickie Goode, Vikas Shah, Virginia Kopelman, "
+"Wayne Mackintosh, William Peter Nash, Winie Evers, Wolfgang Renninger, "
+"Xavier Antoviaque, Yancey Strickler"
+
+#. type: Plain text
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8095
+#, fuzzy
msgid ""
"All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron "
"C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham "
"Deruisseau, Zach Chandler, Zak Zebrowski, Zane Amiralis and Joshua de Haan, "
"ZeMarmot Open Movie"
msgstr ""
+"A todo el resto de los patrocinadores de Kickstarter (ordenados "
+"alfabéticamente por nombre): A. Lee, Aaron C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron "
+"Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham Taherivand, Adam Croom, Adam Finer, Adam "
+"Hansen, Adam Morris, Adam Procter, Adam Quirk, Adam Rory Porter, Adam "
+"Simmons, Adam Tinworth, Adam Zimmerman, Adrian Ho, Adrian Smith, Adriane "
+"Ruzak, Adriano Loconte, Al Sweigart, Alain Imbaud, Alan Graham, Alan M. "
+"Ford, Alan Swithenbank, Alan Vonlanthen, Albert O’Connor, Alec Foster, "
+"Alejandro Suarez Cebrian, Aleks Degtyarev, Alex Blood, Alex C. Ion, Alex "
+"Ross Shaw, Alexander Bartl, Alexander Brown, Alexander Brunner, Alexander "
+"Eliesen, Alexander Hawson, Alexander Klar, Alexander Neumann, Alexander "
+"Plaum, Alexander Wendland, Alexandre Rafalovitch, Alexey Volkow, Alexi "
+"Wheeler, Alexis Sevault, Alfredo Louro, Ali Sternburg, Alicia Gibb & "
+"Lunchbox Electronics, Alison Link, Alison Pentecost, Alistair Boettiger, "
+"Alistair Walder, Alix Bernier, Allan Callaghan, Allen Riddell, Allison "
+"Breland Crotwell, Allison Jane Smith, Álvaro Justen, Amanda Palmer, Amanda "
+"Wetherhold, Amit Bagree, Amit Tikare, Amos Blanton, Amy Sept, Anatoly "
+"Volynets, Anders Ericsson, Andi Popp, André Bose Do Amaral, Andre Dickson, "
+"André Koot, André Ricardo, Andre van Rooyen, Andre Wallace, Andrea "
+"Bagnacani, Andrea Pepe, Andrea Pigato, Andreas Jagelund, Andres Gomez "
+"Casanova, Andrew A. Farke, Andrew Berhow, Andrew Hearse, Andrew Matangi, "
+"Andrew R McHugh, Andrew Tam, Andrew Turvey, Andrew Walsh, Andrew Wilson, "
+"Andrey Novoseltsev, Andy McGhee, Andy Reeve, Andy Woods, Angela Brett, "
+"Angeliki Kapoglou, Angus Keenan, Anne-Marie Scott, Antero Garcia, Antoine "
+"Authier, Antoine Michard, Anton Kurkin, Anton Porsche, Antònia Folguera, "
+"António Ornelas, Antonis Triantafyllakis, aois21 publishing, April Johnson, "
+"Aria F. Chernik, Ariane Allan, Ariel Katz, Arithmomaniac, Arnaud Tessier, "
+"Arnim Sommer, Ashima Bawa, Ashley Elsdon, Athanassios Diacakis, Aurora "
+"Thornton, Aurore Chavet Henry, Austin Hartzheim, Austin Tolentino, Avner "
+"Shanan, Axel Pettersson, Axel Stieglbauer, Ay Okpokam, Barb Bartkowiak, "
+"Barbara Lindsey, Barry Dayton, Bastian Hougaard, Ben Chad, Ben Doherty, Ben "
+"Hansen, Ben Nuttall, Ben Rosenthal, Ben Sheridan, Benedikt Foit, Benita "
+"Tsao, Benjamin Costantini, Benjamin Daemon, Benjamin Keele, Benjamin Pflanz, "
+"Berglind Ósk Bergsdóttir, Bernardo Miguel Antunes, Bernd Nurnberger, "
+"Bernhard Seefeld, Beth Gis, Beth Tillinghast, Bethanye Blount, Bill Bonwitt, "
+"Bill Browne, Bill Keaggy, Bill Maiden, Bill Rafferty, Bill Scanlon, Bill "
+"Shields, Bill Slankard, BJ Becker, Bjorn Freeman-Benson, Bjørn Otto "
+"Wallevik, BK Bitner, Bo Ilsøe Hansen, Bo Sprotte Kofod, Bob Doran, Bob "
+"Recny, Bob Stuart, Bonnie Chiu, Boris Mindzak, Boriss Lariushin, Borjan "
+"Tchakaloff, Brad Kik, Braden Hassett, Bradford Benn, Bradley Keyes, Bradley "
+"L’Herrou, Brady Forrest, Brandon McGaha, Branka Tokic, Brant Anderson, "
+"Brenda Sullivan, Brendan O’Brien, Brendan Schlagel, Brett Abbott, Brett "
+"Gaylor, Brian Dysart, Brian Lampl, Brian Lipscomb, Brian S. Weis, Brian "
+"Schrader, Brian Walsh, Brian Walsh, Brooke Dukes, Brooke Schreier Ganz, "
+"Bruce Lerner, Bruce Wilson, Bruno Boutot, Bruno Girin, Bryan Mock, Bryant "
+"Durrell, Bryce Barbato, Buzz Technology Limited, Byung-Geun Jeon, C. Glen "
+"Williams, C. L. Couch, Cable Green, Callum Gare, Cameron Callahan, Cameron "
+"Colby Thomson, Cameron Mulder, Camille Bissuel / Nylnook, Candace Robertson, "
+"Carl Morris, Carl Perry, Carl Rigney, Carles Mateu, Carlos Correa Loyola, "
+"Carlos Solis, Carmen Garcia Wiedenhoeft, Carol Long, Carol marquardsen, "
+"Caroline Calomme, Caroline Mailloux, Carolyn Hinchliff, Carolyn Rude, Carrie "
+"Cousins, Carrie Watkins, Casey Hunt, Casey Milford, Casey Powell Shorthouse, "
+"Cat Cooper, Cecilie Maria, Cedric Howe, Cefn Hoile, @ShrimpingIt, Celia "
+"Muller, Ces Keller, Chad Anderson, Charles Butler, Charles Carstensen, "
+"Charles Chi Thoi Le, Charles Kobbe, Charles S. Tritt, Charles Stanhope, "
+"Charlotte Ong-Wisener, Chealsye Bowley, Chelle Destefano, Chenpang Chou, "
+"Cheryl Corte, Cheryl Todd, Chip Dickerson, Chip McIntosh, Chris Bannister, "
+"Chris Betcher, Chris Coleman, Chris Conway, Chris Foote (Spike), Chris "
+"Hurst, Chris Mitchell, Chris Muscat Azzopardi, Chris Niewiarowski, Chris "
+"Opperwall, Chris Stieha, Chris Thorne, Chris Weber, Chris Woolfrey, Chris "
+"Zabriskie, Christi Reid, Christian Holzberger, Christian Schubert, Christian "
+"Sheehy, Christian Thibault, Christian Villum, Christian Wachter, Christina "
+"Bennett, Christine Henry, Christine Rico, Christopher Burrows, Christopher "
+"Chan, Christopher Clay, Christopher Harris, Christopher Opiah, Christopher "
+"Swenson, Christos Keramitsis, Chuck Roslof, Chutika Udomsinn, Claire Wardle, "
+"Clare Forrest, Claudia Cristiani, Claudio Gallo, Claudio Ruiz, Clayton "
+"Dewey, Clement Delort, Cliff Church, Clint Lalonde, Clint O’Connor, Cody "
+"Allard, Cody Taylor, Colin Ayer, Colin Campbell, Colin Dean, Colin Mutchler, "
+"Colleen Cressman, Comfy Nomad, Connie Roberts, Connor Bär, Connor Merkley, "
+"Constantin Graf, Corbett Messa, Cory Chapman, Cosmic Wombat Games, Craig "
+"Engler, Craig Heath, Craig Maloney, Craig Thomler, Creative Commons Uruguay, "
+"Crina Kienle, Cristiano Gozzini, Curt McNamara, D C Petty, D. Moonfire, D. "
+"Rohhyn, D. Schulz, Dacian Herbei, Dagmar M. Meyer, Dan Mcalister, Dan Mohr, "
+"Dan Parson, Dana Freeman, Dana Ospina, Dani Leviss, Daniel Bustamante, "
+"Daniel Demmel, Daniel Dominguez, Daniel Dultz, Daniel Gallant, Daniel "
+"Kossmann, Daniel Kruse, Daniel Morado, Daniel Morgan, Daniel Pimley, Daniel "
+"Sabo, Daniel Sobey, Daniel Stein, Daniel Wildt, Daniele Prati, Danielle "
+"Moss, Danny Mendoza, Dario Taraborelli, Darius Irvin, Darius Whelan, Darla "
+"Anderson, Dasha Brezinova, Dave Ainscough, Dave Bull, Dave Crosby, Dave "
+"Eagle, Dave Moskovitz, Dave Neeteson, Dave Taillefer, Dave Witzel, David "
+"Bailey, David Cheung, David Eriksson, David Gallagher, David H. Bronke, "
+"David Hartley, David Hellam, David Hood, David Hunter, David jlaietta, David "
+"Lewis, David Mason, David Mcconville, David Mikula, David Nelson, David "
+"Orban, David Parry, David Spira, David T. Kindler, David Varnes, David "
+"Wiley, David Wormley, Deborah Nas, Denis Jean, dennis straub, Dennis "
+"Whittle, Denver Gingerich, Derek Slater, Devon Cooke, Diana Pasek-Atkinson, "
+"Diane Johnston Graves, Diane K. Kovacs, Diane Trout, Diderik van Wingerden, "
+"Diego Cuevas, Diego De La Cruz, Dimitrie Grigorescu, Dina Marie Rodriguez, "
+"Dinah Fabela, Dirk Haun, Dirk Kiefer, Dirk Loop, DJ Fusion - FuseBox Radio "
+"Broadcast, Dom jurkewitz, Dom Lane, Domi Enders, Domingo Gallardo, Dominic "
+"de Haas, Dominique Karadjian, Dongpo Deng, Donnovan Knight, Door de Flines, "
+"Doug Fitzpatrick, Doug Hoover, Douglas Craver, Douglas Van Camp, Douglas Van "
+"Houweling, Dr. Braddlee, Drew Spencer, Duncan Sample, Durand D’souza, Dylan "
+"Field, E C Humphries, Eamon Caddigan, Earleen Smith, Eden Sarid, Eden "
+"Spodek, Eduardo Belinchon, Eduardo Castro, Edwin Vandam, Einar Joergensen, "
+"Ejnar Brendsdal, Elad Wieder, Elar Haljas, Elena Valhalla, Eli Doran, Elias "
+"Bouchi, Elie Calhoun, Elizabeth Holloway, Ellen Buecher, Ellen Kaye- "
+"Cheveldayoff, Elli Verhulst, Elroy Fernandes, Emery Hurst Mikel, Emily "
+"Catedral, Enrique Mandujano R., Eric Astor, Eric Axelrod, Eric Celeste, Eric "
+"Finkenbiner, Eric Hellman, Eric Steuer, Erica Fletcher, Erik Hedman, Erik "
+"Lindholm Bundgaard, Erika Reid, Erin Hawley, Erin McKean of Wordnik, Ernest "
+"Risner, Erwan Bousse, Erwin Bell, Ethan Celery, Étienne Gilli, Eugeen "
+"Sablin, Evan Tangman, Evonne Okafor, Evtim Papushev, Fabien Cambi, Fabio "
+"Natali, Fauxton Software, Felix Deierlein, Felix Gebauer, Felix Maximiliano "
+"Obes, Felix Schmidt, Felix Zephyr Hsiao, Ferdies Food Lab, Fernand "
+"Deschambault, Filipe Rodrigues, Filippo Toso, Fiona MacAlister, fiona.mac."
+"uk, Floor Scheffer, Florent Darrault, Florian Hähnel, Florian Schneider, "
+"Floyd Wilde, Foxtrot Games, Francis Clarke, Francisco Rivas-Portillo, "
+"Francois Dechery, Francois Grey, François Gros, François Pelletier, Fred "
+"Benenson, Frédéric Abella, Frédéric Schütz, Fredrik Ekelund, Fumi Yamazaki, "
+"Gabor Sooki-Toth, Gabriel Staples, Gabriel Véjar Valenzuela, Gal Buki, "
+"Gareth Jordan, Garrett Heath, Gary Anson, Gary Forster, Gatien de Broucker, "
+"Gaurav Kapil, Gauthier de Valensart, Gavin Gray, Gavin Romig-Koch, Geoff "
+"Wood, Geoffrey Lehr, George Baier IV, George De Bruin, George Lawie, George "
+"Strakhov, Gerard Gorman, Geronimo de la Lama, Gianpaolo Rando, Gil Stendig, "
+"Gino Cingolani Trucco, Giovanna Sala, Glen Moffat, Glenn D. Jones, Glenn "
+"Otis Brown, Global Lives Project, Gorm Lai, Govindarajan Umakanthan, Graham "
+"Bird, Graham Freeman, Graham Heath, Graham Jones, Graham Smith-Gordon, "
+"Graham Vowles, Greg Brodsky, Greg Malone, Grégoire Detrez, Gregory "
+"Chevalley, Gregory Flynn, Grit Matthias, Gui Louback, Guillaume Rischard, "
+"Gustavo Vaz de Carvalho Gonçalves, Gustin Johnson, Gwen Franck, Gwilym "
+"Lucas, Haggen So, Håkon T Sønderland, Hamid Larbi, Hamish MacEwan, Hannes "
+"Leo, Hans Bickhofe, Hans de Raad, Hans Vd Horst, Harold van Ingen, Harold "
+"Watson, Harry Chapman, Harry Kaczka, Harry Torque, Hayden Glass, Hayley "
+"Rosenblum, Heather Leson, Helen Crisp, Helen Michaud, Helen Qubain, Helle "
+"Rekdal Schønemann, Henrique Flach Latorre Moreno, Henry Finn, Henry Kaiser, "
+"Henry Lahore, Henry Steingieser, Hermann Paar, Hillary Miller, Hironori "
+"Kuriaki, Holly Dykes, Holly Lyne, Hubert Gertis, Hugh Geenen, Humble Daisy, "
+"Hüppe Keith, Iain Davidson, Ian Capstick, Ian Johnson, Ian Upton, Icaro "
+"Ferracini, Igor Lesko, Imran Haider, Inma de la Torre, Iris Brest, Irwin "
+"Madriaga, Isaac Sandaljian, Isaiah Tanenbaum, Ivan F. Villanueva B., J P "
+"Cleverdon, Jaakko Tammela Jr, Jacek Darken Gołębiowski, Jack Hart, Jacky "
+"Hood, Jacob Dante Leffler, Jaime Perla, Jaime Woo, Jake Campbell, Jake "
+"Loeterman, Jakes Rawlinson, James Allenspach, James Chesky, James Cloos, "
+"James Docherty, James Ellars, James K Wood, James Tyler, Jamie Finlay, Jamie "
+"Stevens, Jamil Khatib, Jan E Ellison, Jan Gondol, Jan Sepp, Jan Zuppinger, "
+"Jane Finette, jane Lofton, Jane Mason, Jane Park, Janos Kovacs, Jasmina "
+"Bricic, Jason Blasso, Jason Chu"
+
+#~ msgid ""
+#~ "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to "
+#~ "James Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-"
+#~ "denominator solutions and"
+#~ msgstr ""
+#~ "Ser responsable no significa operar bajo concenso. De acuerdo con James "
+#~ "Surowiecki, los grupos que operan bajo concenso tienden a utilizar la "
+#~ "solución común más básica y"
+
+#~ msgid "(museum admission), selling merchandise"
+#~ msgstr "(admisión al museo), venta de mercancías"
+
+#~ msgid "commitment.68"
+#~ msgstr "68"
#~ msgid "service."
#~ msgstr "servicio."
projects / text-madewithcc.git / blobdiff