Translated using Weblate (Russian)

[text-madewithcc.git] / HOWTO.md

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-# Este archivo
+# This file

 
 

-Es simplemente un volcado del cerebro de Gunnar, siendo hoy el 9 de
-junio de 2017, 19:45 GMT-5, para no olvidar el camino ya recorrido.
+This is just a braindump from Gunnar, from the Spanish translation,
+documenting his steps to get from the book to the source translation
+material. The following instructions are valid as of June 9, 2017,
+19:45 GMT-5, and are mainly written in order not to forget the way
+this was done (and in case a future version import comes up, or we
+write some scripts to refine the results)

 
 

-# ¿Cómo construir este proyecto?
+# How is the project built?

 
 

-Estamos en las etapas iniciales para echar a andar la infraestructura,
-pero ya no quiero que esto viva únicamente en mi computadora personal.
+How did we get the `.po` files for the project?

 
 

-¿Cómo generé los archivos que estoy subiendo en este momento?
+## First, an `.odt`

 
 

-## Primero, el .odt
+I don't think an Open Document Text (`.odt`) file is the ideal source
+format for this project, but according to the conversations I've had
+with Sarah, probably it's the best we can do with: It is, after all,
+the file they worked with. I would rather start conversion from the
+published EPUB file, but the conversion ends up much "noisier".

 
 

-No creo que un odt sea la forma ideal para trabajar este proyecto,
-pero a partir de las conversaciones que he tenido con Sarah,
-probablemente sea lo mejor que tenemos. Preferiría partir del EPUB
-oficial, pero la conversión lleva mucho más "ruido".
+I downloaded
+[the .odt file in the repository](./MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.odt)
+by following the link listed as
+[editable version of the book (GDoc)](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1c2BXTQcWZrtW99GlGmv3waXy3AVpV-Biifw4NdDwMZg/edit#heading=h.3s5bd22z8pw5).
+from [the book's web page](https://madewith.cc). I am not that happy
+about this being an _unstable_ version (it is after all termed the
+_most up-to-date version_).

 
 

-El .odt que estoy incluyendo aquí lo obtuve de la liga que aparece en
-la [página del libro](https://madewith.cc/) como
-[versión editable del libro (GDoc)](https://docs.google.com/document/d/1c2BXTQcWZrtW99GlGmv3waXy3AVpV-Biifw4NdDwMZg/edit#heading=h.3s5bd22z8pw5). Sé
-que esta _no es estable_ (es siempre la «most up-to-date version»),
-asi que me gustaría hacerme de un mejor punto de partida.
+## Directory structure for the translation

 
 

-## Estructura de directorios para la traducción
+Most translation tools based on
+[GNU Gettext](https://www.gnu.org/software/gettext/) use a
+standardized directory structure where all translations reside in the
+`po` directory. It can feel a bit strange here, as the whole
+repository is the translation itself (Gettext is often used to
+translate programs, not text), but it's better not to upset common
+practice ;-)

 
 

-Para vivir a gusto con las herramientas comunes, vamos a hospedar todo
-lo relacionado con la traducción gettext dentro del directorio
-`po`. La traducción al español vivirá dentro del directorio `po/es`;
-en caso de requerir _locales_ específicos del español (aunque no
-preveo que sea el caso), serán `po/es_MX`, `po/es_AR`, etcétera
+Inside the `po` directory, we have one directory per target _locale_
+(per target translation). The Spanish translation lives within the
+`po/es` directory; in case we were to require country-specific locales
+(I don't forsee it being the case), they would be named `po/es_MX`,
+`po/es_AR`, etc. This is common in languages where national variations
+are stronger, such as Portuguese (would probably be `po/pt_BR`
+vs. `po/pt_PT`).

 
 

-## Conversión a Markdown
+## Quick and easy: How to rebuild the sources

 
 

-Empleo Pandoc:
+You don't really need to follow this script; it's all scripted in a
+`Makefile`. To update the `.pot` (translation template) file, just
+run:
+
+    `make pot`
+
+That is enough to get you to the _Editing the Gettext files_ section.
+
+## Markdown conversion
+
+Markdown is an easy to edit format, with very little markup, and
+supporting basic HTML tags where needed.
+
+We use Pandoc to convert the `odt` file into Markdown:

 
     pandoc -f odt MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.odt -t markdown > MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md
 
 
     pandoc -f odt MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.odt -t markdown > MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md
 

-## Extracción de cadenas para la traducción
+We also include the source Markdown file, mostly as documentation, in
+the Git repository root directory.
+
+### Markdown fixup
+
+The generated Markdown file is correct, but somewhat _dirty_. I came
+up with a quick-and-dirty(er) script to fix several issues,
+`fixup.rb`, and intend to update it as needed:

 
 

-Para generar un archivo template para Gettext, usé
-«[PO for anything](https://po4a.alioth.debian.org/)» (po4a),
-particularmente la herramienta `po4a-gettextize` para generar la
-plantilla (`.pot`):
+    ruby fixup.rb source.md dest.md
+
+I still need to add to this fixup the needed markup so that the built
+material reflects the book's structure. It will happen :-) It will, of
+course, happen earlier if you send me some patches!
+
+## Extracting strings for translation
+
+Gettext works by presenting each particular string to be edited. We
+used the [PO for anything](https://po4a.alioth.debian.org/) (po4a)
+tool, particularly the `po4a-gettextize` tool, to analyze the Markdown
+file and generate the Gettext template (`.pot`):

 
     po4a-gettextize -f text -m MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md -p po/mwcc.pot -M utf-8
 
 
     po4a-gettextize -f text -m MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md -p po/mwcc.pot -M utf-8
 

-En un primer momento, copié este `.pot` a `po/es/mwcc.po` para iniciar
-la traducción; habrá que hacer lo propio con algún otro lenguaje
-futuro. Por ahora, queda únicamente como documentación.
+`.pot` files are the base from which to start a translation, but are
+not to be modified, just updated when new versions come up. We copied
+this `.pot` file into the Spanish directory, with a `.po` suffix, and
+started the translation from there:
+
+    cp po/mwcc.pot po/es/mwcc.po
+
+Should you want to start a new translation, that's the main step to do
+to start from. Note that for any future updates, the `.pot` should
+_not_ be copied over (as that would destroy all the translation done
+so far), but updated using your favorite Gettext tool.
+
+## Editing the Gettext files
+
+There are many tools you can use to translate this file. If you prefer
+to work on your client (and mainly if you expect to do a high volume
+of changes), we suggest you to use the `poedit` tool; we have also
+been accepted as a hosted project
+[hosted project in the Weblate online translation coordination service](https://weblate.org/projects/madewithcc). Weblate
+is completely based on free software tools, we invite you to get
+familiar with their interface.
+
+## Building the translated Markdown file
+
+`po4a` provides a tool to integrate the translation back into a
+Markdown document, `po4a-translate`. I have only made first attempts
+with it, and we need to find ways to do several improvements. However,
+the following command will give you a good glimpse on how your
+finished translation looks:
+
+    po4a-translate -f text -m MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md -p po/es/mwcc.po -l MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.es.md -l MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.es.md -L utf8 -M utf8 -k 20
+
+What does it all mean?
+
+    -f text
+
+The base format to/from which the translation is done is plain text.
+
+       -m MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md
+
+The name of your source document.
+
+       -p po/es/mwcc.po
+
+Which translation to use. In this case, Spanish translation.
+
+       -l MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.es.md
+
+Filename to use for the created translation. Do note that I'm
+specifying a name that implies Spanish.
+
+       -L utf8 -M utf8
+
+Which character sets to use, both for the source and destination
+files.

 
 

-## Editar el Gettext
+       -k 20

 
 

-Utilicé la herramienta `poedit`, que he usado para traducir
-programas. No creo que sea la herramienta definitiva; voy a hablar con
-Michal Cihar para pedirle que nos hospede la traducción en
-[Weblate](https://weblate.org/en), un servicio de traducción en línea
-basado en infraestructura y software libre, y que presenta muchas de
-las características que buscamos.
+Minimum translation percentage for which to produce output. The
+default is 80% — To get a glimpse of your work in the early stages of
+a translation, use `-k` with a value smaller than the percentage you
+have achieved.