msgid ""
msgstr ""
"Project-Id-Version: Made with Creative Commons\n"
-"POT-Creation-Date: 2017-08-18 10:28-0500\n"
-"PO-Revision-Date: 2017-08-24 13:56+0000\n"
-"Last-Translator: Luis Enrique Amaya González "
-"<luisenrique.amayagonzalez@gmail.com>\n"
+"POT-Creation-Date: 2018-03-03 06:03+0000\n"
+"PO-Revision-Date: 2018-03-03 07:21+0000\n"
+"Last-Translator: Gunnar Wolf <gwolf@gwolf.org>\n"
"Language-Team: Spanish "
"<https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/madewithcc/translation/es/>\n"
"Language: es\n"
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"Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n"
"Plural-Forms: nplurals=2; plural=n != 1;\n"
-"X-Generator: Weblate 2.17-dev\n"
+"X-Generator: Weblate 2.20-dev\n"
"X-Poedit-Bookmarks: -1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,-1,46\n"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2
-msgid "Made with Creative Commons"
-msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons"
+#. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <book>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3
+msgid "en"
+msgstr "es"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:54
+msgid ""
+"This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can "
+"copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any "
+"purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit, provide "
+"a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you remix, "
+"transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your "
+"contributions under the same license as the original. License details: "
+"<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"Este libro se publica bajo una licencia CC BY-SA, lo cual significa que "
+"usted puede copiarlo, redistribuirlo, remezclarlo, transformarlo, y "
+"construir sobre su contenido para cualquier propósito, incluso comercial, "
+"mientras dé el crédito apropiado, provea un enlace a la licencia, e indique "
+"si se realizaron cambios. Si remezcla, transforma, o construye sobre el "
+"material, debe distribuir sus contribuciones bajo el mismo licenciamiento "
+"que el material original. Detalles de licenciamiento: <ulink url=\"http://"
+"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><publisher><address>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:24
+#, no-wrap
+msgid ""
+" <city>Mexico City</city>\n"
+" "
+msgstr ""
+" <city>Ciudad de México</city>\n"
+" "
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4
-msgid "Paul Stacey and Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
-msgstr "Paul Stacey y Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
+#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:17
+msgid ""
+"<copyright> <year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder> </copyright> "
+"<publisher> <publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername> <placeholder type="
+"\"address\" id=\"0\"/> </publisher>"
+msgstr ""
+"<copyright> <year>2017</year> <holder>Creative Commons</holder> </copyright> "
+"<publisher> <publishername>Gunnar Wolf</publishername> <placeholder type="
+"\"address\" id=\"0\"/> </publisher>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6
-msgid "Made With Creative Commons"
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:27
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:41
+msgid "Made with Creative Commons"
msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8
-msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
+#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><firstname>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:30
+msgid "Paul"
+msgstr "Paul"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><surname>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:31
+msgid "Stacey"
+msgstr "Stacey"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><firstname>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:34
+msgid "Sarah Hinchliff"
+msgstr "Sarah Hinchliff"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><bookinfo><authorgroup><author><surname>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:35
+msgid "Pearson"
+msgstr "Pearson"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:42
+msgid "by Paul Stacey & Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr "por Paul Stacey y Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:10
-msgid "© 2017, by Creative Commons."
-msgstr "© 2017, Creative Commons."
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:43
+msgid "© 2017 by the Creative Commons Foundation."
+msgstr "© 2017, por la Creative Commons Foundation."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:13
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:44
msgid ""
"Published under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-"
"SA), version 4.0."
"Publicado bajo una licencia Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual (CC "
"BY-SA), versión 4.0."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:15
-msgid "ISBN 978-87-998733-3-3"
-msgstr "ISBN 978-87-998733-3-3"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:17
-msgid "Cover and interior design by Klaus Nielsen, vinterstille.dk"
-msgstr "Portada y diseño de interiores por Klaus Nielsen, vinterstille.dk"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:19
-msgid "Content editing by Grace Yaginuma"
-msgstr "Edición de contenido por Grace Yaginuma"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:21
-msgid "Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, bryanmathers.com"
-msgstr "Ilustraciones por Bryan Mathers, bryanmathers.com"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:23
-msgid "Downloadable e-book available at madewith.cc"
-msgstr "Libro descargable disponible en madewith.cc"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:25
-msgid "Publisher:"
-msgstr "Editor:"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:27
-msgid "Ctrl+Alt+Delete Books"
-msgstr "Libros Ctrl+Alt+Delete"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:29
-msgid "Husumgade 10, 5."
-msgstr "Husumgade 10, 5."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:31
-msgid "2200 Copenhagen N"
-msgstr "2200 Copenhagen N"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:33
-msgid "Denmark"
-msgstr "Dinamarca"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:35
-msgid "www.cadb.dk"
-msgstr "www.cadb.dk"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:37
-msgid "hey@cadb.dk"
-msgstr "hey@cadb.dk"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:39
-msgid "Printer:"
-msgstr "Impresión:"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:41
-msgid "Drukarnia POZKAL Spółka z o.o. Spółka komandytowa"
-msgstr "Drukarnia POZKAL Spółka z o.o. Spółka komandytowa"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:43
-msgid "88-100 Inowrocław,"
-msgstr "88-100 Inowrocław,"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:45
-msgid "ul. Cegielna 10/12,"
-msgstr "ul. Cegielna 10/12,"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:47
-msgid "Poland"
-msgstr "Polonia"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:55
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:46
msgid ""
-"This book is published under a CC BY-SA license, which means that you can "
-"copy, redistribute, remix, transform, and build upon the content for any "
-"purpose, even commercially, as long as you give appropriate credit, provide "
-"a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made. If you remix, "
-"transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your "
-"contributions under the same license as the original. License details: "
-"creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"
+"ISBN: YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (PDF), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED (ePub), YET-TO-BE-DECIDED "
+"(Paperback)"
msgstr ""
-"Este libro se publica bajo una licencia CC BY-SA, lo cual significa que "
-"usted puede copiarlo, redistribuirlo, remezclarlo, transformarlo, y "
-"construir sobre su contenido para cualquier propósito, incluso comercial, "
-"mientras dé el crédito apropiado, provea un enlace a la licencia, e indique "
-"si se realizaron cambios. Si remezcla, transforma, o construye sobre el "
-"material, debe distribuir sus contribuciones bajo el mismo licenciamiento "
-"que el material original. Detalles de licenciamiento: creativecommons.org/"
-"licenses/by-sa/4.0/"
+"ISBN: POR-SER-DECIDIDO (PDF), POR-SER-DECIDIDO (ePub), POR-SER-DECIDIDO "
+"(Edición de papel)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:48
+msgid ""
+"Illustrations by Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmathers.com/\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"Ilustraciones por Bryan Mathers, <ulink url=\"https://bryanmathers.com/\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:49
+msgid "Publisher: Gunnar Wolf."
+msgstr "Editor: Gunnar Wolf."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:59
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:51
+msgid " "
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:52
+msgid "Downloadable e-book available at <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>"
+msgstr "Libro descargable disponible en <ulink url=\"https://madewith.cc/\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><colophon><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:61
msgid ""
"Made With Creative Commons is published with the kind support of Creative "
"Commons and backers of our crowdfunding-campaign on the Kickstarter.com "
"Commons y los patrocinadores de nuestra campaña de financiamiento en la "
"plataforma Kickstarter.com."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:66
+#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:69
msgid ""
-"“I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I "
-"think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like "
+"“I don’t know a whole lot about nonfiction journalism. . . The way that I "
+"think about these things, and in terms of what I can do is. . . essays like "
"this are occasions to watch somebody reasonably bright but also reasonably "
"average pay far closer attention and think at far more length about all "
"sorts of different stuff than most of us have a chance to in our daily "
"pensar a mucha mayor profundidad acerca de todo tipo de cosas diferentes de "
"lo que tenemos la oportunidad de hacer en nuestras vidas diarias.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:70
-msgid "- David Foster Wallace"
-msgstr "- David Foster Wallace"
+#. type: Content of: <book><dedication><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:77
+msgid "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>"
+msgstr "— <emphasis>David Foster Wallace</emphasis>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:72
-msgid "## Foreword"
-msgstr "## Prefacio"
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:82
+msgid "Foreword"
+msgstr "Prefacio"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:80
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:84
msgid ""
"Three years ago, just after I was hired as CEO of Creative Commons, I met "
"with Cory Doctorow in the hotel bar of Toronto’s Gladstone Hotel. As one of "
"a la búsqueda de modelos viables de negocio mediante CC “una cortina de "
"humo.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:86
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:93
msgid ""
"He was, in a way, completely correct—those who make things with Creative "
"Commons have ulterior motives, as Paul Stacey explains in this book: "
"razón principal de ser es hacer del mundo un mejor lugar, no lucrar. El "
"dinero es un medio para un fin social, no el fin mismo.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:92
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:101
msgid ""
"In the case study about Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cites Cory’s "
"words from his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: “Entering the arts "
"course, someone always wins the lottery.”"
msgstr ""
"En el estudio de caso acerca de Cory Doctorow, Sarah Hinchliff Pearson cita "
-"las palabras de Cory de su libro La Información no Quiere ser Libre: "
+"las palabras de Cory de su libro _La Información no Quiere ser Libre_: "
"”Hacerse artista porque puedes hacerte rico es como comprar boletos de "
"lotería porque quieres hacerte rico. Podría funcionar, pero muy "
"probablemente no lo hará. Sin embargo, claro, alguien siempre se gana la "
"lotería.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:99
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:109
msgid ""
"Today, copyright is like a lottery ticket—everyone has one, and almost "
"nobody wins. What they don’t tell you is that if you choose to share your "
-"work, the returns can be significant and long-lasting. This book is filled "
+"work, the returns can be significant and long-lasting. This book is filled "
"with stories of those who take much greater risks than the two dollars we "
"pay for a lottery ticket, and instead reap the rewards that come from "
"pursuing their passions and living their values."
msgstr ""
"Hoy en día, los derechos de autor son como un boleto de lotería — todos "
-"tienen uno, y casi nadie gana. Lo que no te dicen es que si eliges compartir "
-"tu trabajo, los rendimientos pueden ser significativos y duraderos. Este "
-"libro está lleno de historias de quienes toman riesgos mucho mayores que los "
-"dos dólares que pagamos por un boleto de lotería, y sin embargo cosechan las "
-"recompensas que surgen de perseguir sus pasiones y vivir según sus valores."
+"tienen uno, y casi nadie gana. Lo que no dicen es que, para quien elige "
+"compartir su trabajo, los rendimientos pueden ser significativos y "
+"duraderos. Este libro está lleno de historias de quienes toman riesgos mucho "
+"mayores que los dos dólares que pagamos por un boleto de lotería, y sin "
+"embargo cosechan las recompensas que surgen de perseguir sus pasiones y "
+"vivir según sus valores."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:105
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:118
msgid ""
"So it’s not about the money. Also: it is. Finding the means to continue to "
-"create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards "
+"create and share often requires some amount of income. Max Temkin of Cards "
"Against Humanity says it best in their case study: “We don’t make jokes and "
"games to make money—we make money so we can make more jokes and games.”"
msgstr ""
-"Así que no es acerca del dinero. Sin embargo, sí lo es. Encontrar los medios "
-"para continuar creando y compartiendo frecuentemente requiere de algunos "
-"ingresos. Max Temkin, de Cards Against Humanity, lo explica muy bien en su "
-"estudio de caso: ”No hacemos chistes y juegos para hacer dinero — Hacemos "
-"dinero para poder seguir haciendo más chistes y juegos.”"
+"Así que no es acerca del dinero. Pero, al mismo tiempo, sí lo es. Encontrar "
+"los medios para continuar creando y compartiendo frecuentemente requiere de "
+"algunos ingresos. Max Temkin, de _Cards Against Humanity_, lo explica muy "
+"bien en su estudio de caso: ”No hacemos chistes y juegos para hacer dinero — "
+"Hacemos dinero para poder seguir haciendo más chistes y juegos.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:113
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:125
msgid ""
"Creative Commons’ focus is on building a vibrant, usable commons, powered by "
"collaboration and gratitude. Enabling communities of collaboration is at the "
"Considerando esto, Creative Commons inició este proyecto de libro. Con la "
"guía de Paul y Sarah, el proyecto inició para definir y fomentar los mejores "
"modelos de negocios abiertos. Paul y Sarah fueron los autores ideales para "
-"escribir Hecho con Creative Commons."
+"escribir _Hecho con Creative Commons_."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:121
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:134
msgid ""
"Paul dreams of a future where new models of creativity and innovation "
"overpower the inequality and scarcity that today define the worst parts of "
"innovación dominen a la inequidad y escasez que hoy en día definen a lo peor "
"del capitalismo. A él lo impulsa la fuerza que tienen las conexiones humanas "
"entre las comunidad de creadores. Es más observador que la mayoría, y esto "
-"lo ha hecho un mejor educador, un investigador perspicaz, y también un hábil "
-"jardinero. Tiene una voz fresca y calma que transmite la pasión que inspira "
-"a sus colegas y a su comunidad."
+"ha hecho de él un mejor educador, un investigador perspicaz, y también un "
+"hábil jardinero. Tiene una voz fresca y calma que transmite la pasión que "
+"inspira a sus colegas y a su comunidad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:131
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:143
msgid ""
"Sarah is the best kind of lawyer—a true advocate who believes in the good of "
-"people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past "
+"people, and the power of collective acts to change the world. Over the past "
"year I’ve seen Sarah struggle with the heartbreak that comes from investing "
"so much into a political campaign that didn’t end as she’d hoped. Today, "
"she’s more determined than ever to live with her values right out on her "
"Ella es práctica, detallista y lista. Es la persona con quien más disfruto "
"debatir de mi equipo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:140
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:155
msgid ""
"As coauthors, Paul and Sarah complement each other perfectly. They "
"researched, analyzed, argued, and worked as a team, sometimes together and "
"passion and curiosity, and a deep respect for what goes into building the "
"commons and sharing with the world. They remained open to new ideas, "
"including the possibility that their initial theories would need refinement "
-"or might be completely wrong. That’s courageous, and it has made for a "
+"or might be completely wrong. That’s courageous, and it has made for a "
"better book that is insightful, honest, and useful."
msgstr ""
"Como coautores, Paul y Sarah se complementan perfectamente. Investigaron, "
"construir el procomún y compartirlo con el mundo. Se mantuvieron abiertos a "
"nuevas ideas, incluyendo la posibilidad de que sus teorías iniciales "
"requirieran refinamiento o estuvieran completamente equivocadas. Eso "
-"requiere coraje, y llevó a que el libro resulte mejor, al ser interesante, "
+"requiere de valor, y llevó a que el libro resulte mejor, al ser interesante, "
"honesto y útil."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:146
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:166
msgid ""
"From the beginning, CC wanted to develop this project with the principles "
"and values of open collaboration. The book was funded, developed, "
"remezclarlo o adaptarlo con atribución. Es, por sí mismo, un ejemplo de un "
"modelo de negocios abierto."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:153
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:174
msgid ""
"For 31 days in August of 2015, Sarah took point to organize and execute a "
"Kickstarter campaign to generate the core funding for the book. The "
"El resto fue provisto por los generosos donantes y colaboradores de CC. A "
"fin de cuentas, resultó uno de los proyectos de libro más exitosos de "
"Kickstarter, rompiendo dos objetivos extendidos, e involucrando a más de "
-"1,600 donantes — la mayoría de ellos, apoyando por primera vez a Creative "
-"Commons."
+"1,600 donantes — para la mayoría de ellos, su primera contribución a "
+"Creative Commons."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:162
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:183
msgid ""
"Paul and Sarah worked openly throughout the project, publishing the plans, "
"drafts, case studies, and analysis, early and often, and they engaged "
"communities all over the world to help write this book. As their opinions "
"diverged and their interests came into focus, they divided their voices and "
-"decided to keep them separate in the final product. Working in this way "
+"decided to keep them separate in the final product. Working in this way "
"requires both humility and self-confidence, and without question it has made "
"Made with Creative Commons a better project."
msgstr ""
-"Paul y Sarah trabajaron abiertamente durante todo el proyecto, publicando "
-"sus planes, borradores, estudios de caso y análisis, temprano y "
+"Paul y Sarah trabajaron de forma abierta durante todo el proyecto, "
+"publicando sus planes, borradores, estudios de caso y análisis, temprano y "
"frecuentemente, e involucraron a comunidades en todo el mundo para ayudar a "
"escribir este libro. Conforme sus opiniones divergían y sus intereses se "
"fueron definiendo más claramente, dividieron sus voces y decidieron "
"mantenerlas por separado en el producto final. Trabajar de esta manera "
"requiere tanto de humildad como de confianza en sí mismo, y sin duda llevó a "
-"que Hecho con Creative Commons resultara un mejor proyecto."
+"que _Hecho con Creative Commons_ resultara un mejor proyecto."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:167
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:193
msgid ""
-"Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are "
+"Those who work and share in the commons are not typical creators. They are "
"part of something greater than themselves, and what they offer us all is a "
"profound gift. What they receive in return is gratitude and a community."
msgstr ""
"Son parte de algo más grande que ellos mismos, y lo que nos ofrecen a todos "
"es un gran regalo. Lo que reciben a cambio es gratitud, y una comunidad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:174
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:199
msgid ""
-"Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I "
+"Jonathan Mann, who is profiled in this book, writes a song a day. When I "
"reached out to ask him to write a song for our Kickstarter (and to offer "
"himself up as a Kickstarter benefit), he agreed immediately. Why would he "
"agree to do that? Because the commons has collaboration at its core, and "
"CC han ayudado a tantos para compartir de la forma que les gusta y con un "
"público global."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:186
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:208
msgid ""
"Sarah writes, “Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when "
"community is built around what they do. This may mean a community "
"una comunidad colabore en conjunto para crear algo nuevo, o puede ser "
"simplemente una colección de personas de ideas afines que se conocen y se "
"reúnen alrededor de intereses o creencias comunes. Hasta cierto grado, "
-"simplemente ser Hecho con Creative Commons automáticamente trae consigo un "
-"cierto elemento de comunidad, ayudando a conectarte a terceros como tú que "
-"reconocen y son atraídos por los valores simbolizados por usar CC.” Amanda "
-"Palmer, la otra música perfilada en el libro, seguramente agregaría esto de "
-"su estudio de caso: ”No hay un objetivo más satisfactorio que el que alguien "
-"te diga que lo que haces genuinamente resulta valioso para ellos.”"
+"simplemente ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ automáticamente trae consigo un "
+"cierto elemento de comunidad, ayudando a conectar con terceros como uno "
+"mismo que reconocen y son atraídos por los valores simbolizados por usar "
+"CC.” Amanda Palmer, la otra música perfilada en el libro, seguramente "
+"agregaría esto de su estudio de caso: ”No hay un objetivo más satisfactorio "
+"que el que alguien te diga que lo que haces genuinamente les resulta "
+"valioso.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:195
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:222
msgid ""
"This is not a typical business book. For those looking for a recipe or a "
"roadmap, you might be disappointed. But for those looking to pursue a social "
"end, to build something great through collaboration, or to join a powerful "
-"and growing global community, they’re sure to be satisfied. Made with "
+"and growing global community, they’re sure to be satisfied. Made with "
"Creative Commons offers a world-changing set of clearly articulated values "
"and principles, some essential tools for exploring your own business "
"opportunities, and two dozen doses of pure inspiration."
"busque una receta o una hoja de ruta. Quienes buscan perseguir un fin "
"social, construir algo grandioso mediante la colaboración, o unirse a una "
"comunidad global poderosa y creciente, seguramente resultarán satisfechos. "
-"Hecho con Creative Commons ofrece un conjunto de valores y principios "
+"_Hecho con Creative Commons_ ofrece un conjunto de valores y principios "
"claramente articulados capaces de cambiar al mundo, algunas herramientas "
"esenciales para explorar tus propias oportunidades de negocios, y dos "
"docenas de dosis de inspiración pura."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:203
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:232
msgid ""
"In a 1996 Stanford Law Review article “The Zones of Cyberspace”, CC founder "
"Lawrence Lessig wrote, “Cyberspace is a place. People live there. They "
"groups, in communities, among strangers, among people they come to know, and "
"sometimes like.”"
msgstr ""
-"En el artículo de revisión de Stanford Law de 1996, el fundador de CC, "
+"En el artículo publicado en Stanford Law Review de 1996, el fundador de CC, "
"Lawrence Lessig, escribió: ”El ciberespacio es un lugar. Hay gente que vive "
"ahí. Experimentan ahí todas las cosas que experimentan en el espacio real. "
"Para algunos, incluso experimentan más. Y lo experimentan no como individuos "
"experimentan grupalmente, en comunidades, entre extraños, entre gente que "
"van conociendo, de quienes se van haciendo amigos.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:209
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:241
msgid ""
"I’m incredibly proud that Creative Commons is able to publish this book for "
-"the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to "
+"the many communities that we have come to know and like. I’m grateful to "
"Paul and Sarah for their creativity and insights, and to the global "
-"communities that have helped us bring it to you. As CC board member "
+"communities that have helped us bring it to you. As CC board member "
"Johnathan Nightingale often says, “It’s all made of people.”"
msgstr ""
"Estoy increíblemente orgulloso de que Creative Commons pueda publicar este "
"libro para las muchas comunidades que hemos llegado a conocer y amar. Estoy "
-"agradecido con Paul y Sarah por su creatividad y conocimientos, y para las "
-"comunidades globales que nos han ayudado a traértelo. Como dice Jonathan "
+"agradecido con Paul y Sarah por su creatividad y conocimientos, y con las "
+"comunidades globales que nos han ayudado a difundirlo. Como dice Jonathan "
"Nightingale, miembro del consejo de CC, ”todo está hecho de gente.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:211
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:249
msgid "That’s the true value of things that are Made with Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
-"Ese es el verdadero valor de las cosas que están Hechas con Creative Commons."
+"Ese es el verdadero valor de las cosas que están _Hechas con Creative "
+"Commons_."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:213
-#, no-wrap
-msgid "*Ryan Merkley*\n"
-msgstr "*Ryan Merkley*\n"
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:252
+msgid "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>"
+msgstr "<emphasis>Ryan Merkley</emphasis>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:215
-#, no-wrap
-msgid "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n"
-msgstr "*CEO, Creative Commons*\n"
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:255
+msgid "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>"
+msgstr "<emphasis>CEO, Creative Commons</emphasis>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:217
-msgid "## Introduction"
-msgstr "## Introducción"
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:259
+msgid "Introduction"
+msgstr "Introducción"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:220
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:261
msgid ""
"This book shows the world how sharing can be good for business—but with a "
"twist."
"Este libro muestra al mundo cómo el compartir puede ser bueno para los "
"negocios — Pero con un giro adicional."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:230
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:265
msgid ""
"We began the project intending to explore how creators, organizations, and "
"businesses make money to sustain what they do when they share their work "
"objetivo no era identificar una fórmula para modelos de negocio que usaran "
"Creative Commons, sino que recopilar ideas frescas y ejemplos dinámicos que "
"detonaran modelos nuevos e innovadores, y ayudar a terceros a seguir su "
-"ejemplo, construyendo sobre lo que ya ha demostrado funcionar. Al inicio, "
+"ejemplo, construyendo sobre lo que ya ha demostrado funcionar. Al principio, "
"enmarcamos nuestra investigación en términos comerciales familiares. Creamos "
"un ”lienzo de modelo de negocios abiertos” en blanco, una herramienta "
"interactiva en línea que ayudara a la gente para diseñar y analizar su "
"modelo de negocios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:237
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:277
msgid ""
"Through the generous funding of Kickstarter backers, we set about this "
"project first by identifying and selecting a diverse group of creators, "
"Gracias a la generosa contribución de nuestros patrocinadores del "
"Kickstarter, iniciamos este proyecto identificando y seleccionando un grupo "
"diverso de creadores, organizaciones y negocios que utilizan Creative "
-"Commons de forma integral — Lo que llamamos ser Hecho con Creative Commons. "
-"Los entrevistamos y escribimos sus historias.Analizamos lo que escuchamos y "
-"profundizamos en la literatura."
+"Commons de forma integral — Lo que llamamos ser _Hecho con Creative "
+"Commons_. Los entrevistamos y escribimos sus historias.Analizamos lo que "
+"escuchamos y profundizamos en la literatura."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:240
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:285
msgid ""
"But as we did our research, something interesting happened. Our initial way "
"of framing the work did not match the stories we were hearing."
"manera original de enmarcar el trabajo no cuadró con las historias que "
"escuchábamos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:246
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:290
msgid ""
"Those we interviewed were not typical businesses selling to consumers and "
-"seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing "
+"seeking to maximize profits and the bottom line. Instead, they were sharing "
"to make the world a better place, creating relationships and community "
"around the works being shared, and generating revenue not for unlimited "
"growth but to sustain the operation."
msgstr ""
"Aquellos a quienes entrevistábamos no eran los típicos negocios vendiendo a "
-"los consumidores y buscando maximizar sus ingresos y la rentabilidad. En vez "
-"de ello, estaban compartiendo para hacer del mundo un mejor lugar, creando "
+"los consumidores y buscando maximizar sus ingresos y rentabilidad. En vez de "
+"ello, estaban compartiendo para hacer del mundo un mejor lugar, creando "
"relaciones y una comunidad alrededor de los trabajos que compartían, y "
-"generando ganancias no hacia un crecimiento ilimitado, sino que para "
+"generando ganancias, no buscando un crecimiento ilimitado, sino que para "
"sostener sus operaciones."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:252
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:298
msgid ""
"They often didn’t like hearing what they do described as an open business "
-"model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. "
+"model. Their endeavor was something more than that. Something different. "
"Something that generates not just economic value but social and cultural "
"value. Something that involves human connection. Being Made with Creative "
"Commons is not “business as usual.”"
"Frecuentemente no les gustaba escuchar que se describiera lo que hacían como "
"un modelo de negocios abierto. Su emprendimiento iba más allá que eso, era "
"algo diferente. Algo que no únicamente genera valor económico, sino que "
-"también valor social y cultural. Algo que involucra la conexión humana. Ser "
-"Hecho con Creative Commons no es ”negocios como siempre.”"
+"también valor social y cultural. Algo que involucra conexión humana. Ser "
+"_Hecho con Creative Commons_ no es ”negocios como siempre.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:260
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:306
msgid ""
"We had to rethink the way we conceived of this project. And it didn’t happen "
"overnight. From the fall of 2015 through 2016, we documented our thoughts in "
"who provided invaluable edits, feedback, and advice. Our thinking changed "
"dramatically over the course of a year and a half."
msgstr ""
-"Tuvimos que repensar la concepción de este proyecto. No ocurrió de la noche "
-"a la mañana. Entre otoño de 2015 y 2016, documentamos nuestros pensamientos "
-"en publicaciones de blog en Medium y con actualizaciones de estado "
-"periódicas a nuestros patrocinadores de Kickstarter. Intercambiamos "
+"Tuvimos que repensar la concepción de este proyecto, y no ocurrió de la "
+"noche a la mañana. Entre otoño de 2015 y 2016, documentamos nuestros "
+"pensamientos en publicaciones de blog en Medium y con actualizaciones de "
+"estado periódicas a nuestros patrocinadores de Kickstarter. Intercambiamos "
"borradores de estudios de caso y análisis con nuestros co-creadores de "
"Kickstarter, quienes nos ayudaron con invaluables ediciones, "
"retroalimentación y consejos. Nuestra forma de cambiar cambió dramáticamente "
"en el transcurso de un año y medio."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:269
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:315
msgid ""
"Throughout the process, the two of us have often had very different ways of "
"understanding and describing what we were learning. Learning from each other "
"has been one of the great joys of this work, and, we hope, something that "
"has made the final product much richer than it ever could have been if "
-"either of us undertook this project alone. We have preserved our voices "
+"either of us undertook this project alone. We have preserved our voices "
"throughout, and you’ll be able to sense our different but complementary "
"approaches as you read through our different sections."
msgstr ""
"comprender y describir lo que estábamos aprendiendo. Aprender el uno del "
"otro ha sido uno de los grandes goces de este trabajo, y, esperamos, algo "
"que convirtió al producto final en algo mucho más rico de lo que podría "
-"serlo si alguno de nosotros hubiera afrontado este proyecto en solitario. "
-"Preservamos nuestras voces a lo largo del camino, y vas a poder sentir "
-"nuestros enfoques diferentes pero complementarios según leas las diferentes "
-"secciones."
+"serlo si uno de nosotros hubiera afrontado este proyecto en solitario. "
+"Preservamos nuestras voces a lo largo del camino, con lo que se proyectan "
+"nuestros enfoques diferentes pero complementarios a lo largo de las "
+"diferentes secciones."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:273
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:325
msgid ""
"While we recommend that you read the book from start to finish, each section "
"reads more or less independently. The book is structured into two main parts."
"puede leerse más o menos independientemente. El libro está estructurado en "
"dos partes principales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:280
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:330
msgid ""
"Part one, the overview, begins with a big-picture framework written by Paul. "
"He provides some historical context for the digital commons, describing the "
"escala escrito por Paul. Presenta un contexto histórico para el procomún "
"digital, describiendo las tres maneras en que la sociedad ha administrado "
"los recursos y compartido la riqueza — El procomún, el mercado y el estado. "
-"Sugiere pensar más allá de los términos de negocios y mercado, y "
-"elocuentemente defiende la importancia de compartir y enriquecer al procomún "
-"digital."
+"Sugiere pensar más allá de términos de negocios y mercado, y elocuentemente "
+"defiende la importancia de compartir y enriquecer al procomún digital."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:289
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:338
msgid ""
"The overview continues with Sarah’s chapter, as she considers what it means "
"to be successfully Made with Creative Commons. While making money is one "
"values, and how they foster connections with the people with whom they share."
msgstr ""
"La imagen general continúa con el capítulo de Sarah, quien considera qué "
-"significa ser exitosamente Hecho con Creative Commons. Si bien hacer dinero "
-"es una parte del total, también está el conjunto de valores del interés "
-"público y el tipo de conexiones humanas que dan verdadero significado al "
-"compartir. Esta sección delinea las maneras en que los creadores, "
-"organizaciones y negocios que entrevistamos obtienen sus ingresos, cómo "
-"impulsan el interés público y viven según sus valores, y cómo impulsan "
-"conexiones con la gente con quienes comparten."
+"significa ser exitosamente _Hecho con Creative Commons_. Si bien hacer "
+"dinero es parte del rompecabezas, también se considera el conjunto de "
+"valores del interés público y el tipo de conexiones humanas que dan "
+"verdadero significado al compartir. Esta sección delinea las maneras en que "
+"los creadores, organizaciones y negocios que entrevistamos obtienen sus "
+"ingresos, cómo impulsan el interés público y viven según sus valores, y cómo "
+"impulsan conexiones con la gente con quienes comparten."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:295
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:348
msgid ""
"And to end part one, we have a short section that explains the different "
"Creative Commons licenses. We talk about the misconception that the more "
"al modelo de todos los derechos reservados del derecho de autor tradicional— "
"son las únicas maneras de hacer dinero."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:300
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:355
msgid ""
"Part two of the book is made up of the twenty-four stories of the creators, "
"businesses, and organizations we interviewed. While both of us participated "
"participamos en las entrevistas, nos dividimos la escritura de estos "
"perfiles."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:304
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:361
msgid ""
"Of course, we are pleased to make the book available using a Creative "
"Commons Attribution-ShareAlike license. Please copy, distribute, translate, "
"localize, and build upon this work."
msgstr ""
-"Claro, nos complace hacer el presente libro disponible bajo un "
-"licenciamiento Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual. Por favor copia, "
-"distribuye, traduce, localiza y construye sobre de este trabajo."
+"Claro, nos complace publicar el presente libro bajo un licenciamiento "
+"Creative Commons Atribución-CompartirIgual. Por favor copia, distribuye, "
+"traduce, localiza y construye sobre de este trabajo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:310
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:366
msgid ""
"Writing this book has transformed and inspired us. The way we now look at "
"and think about what it means to be Made with Creative Commons has "
"economy and world for the better."
msgstr ""
"Escribir este libro nos ha transformado e inspirado. La forma en que ahora "
-"vemos y pensamos acerca de lo que significa ser Hecho con Creative Commons "
-"ha cambiado irrevocablemente. Esperamos que este libro inspire a ti y a tu "
-"empresa a utilizar Creative Commons y, al hacerlo, contribuya a transformar "
-"nuestra economía y al mundo para mejor."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:312
-#, no-wrap
-msgid "*Paul and Sarah *\n"
-msgstr "*Paul y Sarah*\n"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:314
-msgid "# Part 1"
-msgstr "# Parte 1"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:316
-msgid "# The Big Picture"
-msgstr "# El panorama completo"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:318
-msgid "## The New World of Digital Commons"
-msgstr "## Beneficios del procomún digital"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:320
+"vemos y pensamos acerca de lo que significa ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ "
+"ha cambiado irrevocablemente. Esperamos que este libro inspire a los "
+"lectores y a sus empresas a utilizar Creative Commons y, al hacerlo, "
+"contribuya a transformar nuestra economía y al mundo para mejor."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><preface><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:373
+msgid "<emphasis>Paul and Sarah </emphasis>"
+msgstr "<emphasis>Paul y Sarah </emphasis>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:377
+msgid "The Big Picture"
+msgstr "El panorama completo"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:379
+msgid "The New World of Digital Commons"
+msgstr "El nuevo mundo del procomún digital"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:381
msgid "Paul Stacey"
msgstr "Paul Stacey"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:328
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:391
+msgid ""
+"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
+msgstr ""
+"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:384
msgid ""
"Jonathan Rowe eloquently describes the commons as “the air and oceans, the "
"web of species, wilderness and flowing water—all are parts of the commons. "
"So are language and knowledge, sidewalks and public squares, the stories of "
"childhood and the processes of democracy. Some parts of the commons are "
-"gifts of nature, others the product of human endeavor. Some are new, such "
-"as the Internet; others are as ancient as soil and calligraphy.”1"
+"gifts of nature, others the product of human endeavor. Some are new, such as "
+"the Internet; others are as ancient as soil and calligraphy.”<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
-"Jonathan Rowe de forma elocuente describe al procomún como «el aire y los "
+"Jonathan Rowe describe de forma elocuente al procomún como «el aire y los "
"océanos, la red de especies, la naturaleza salvaje y la corriente de agua—"
"todas son partes del procomún. También lo son el idioma y el conocimiento, "
"las aceras y las plazas públicas, las historias infantiles y los procesos "
"democráticos. Algunas partes del procomún son regalos de la naturaleza, "
"otras son producto del esfuerzo humano. Algunas son nuevas, como la "
-"Internet; otras son antiguas como la tierra y la caligrafía.»1"
+"Internet; otras son antiguas como la tierra y la caligrafía.»<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:337
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:396
msgid ""
"In Made with Creative Commons, we focus on our current era of digital "
"commons, a commons of human-produced works. This commons cuts across a broad "
"range of areas including cultural heritage, education, research, technology, "
-"art, design, literature, entertainment, business, and data. Human-produced "
+"art, design, literature, entertainment, business, and data. Human-produced "
"works in all these areas are increasingly digital. The Internet is a kind of "
"global, digital commons. The individuals, organizations, and businesses we "
"profile in our case studies use Creative Commons to share their resources "
"online over the Internet."
msgstr ""
-"En Hecho con Creative Commons, nos enfocamos en nuestra era actual del "
-"procomún digital, un procomún de trabajos producidos por humanos. Este "
+"En _Hecho con Creative Commons_, nos enfocamos en nuestra era actual del "
+"procomún digital, un procomún de trabajos producidos por personas. Este "
"procomún atraviesa una amplia variedad de áreas, incluyendo patrimonio "
"cultural, educación, investigación, tecnología, arte, diseño, literatura, "
-"entretenimiento, negocios y datos. Los trabajos producidos por humanos en "
-"todas estas áreas son cada vez más digitales. La Internet es un tipo global "
-"de procomún digital. Los individuos, organizaciones y negocios que "
+"entretenimiento, negocios y datos. Los trabajos producidos por personas en "
+"todas estas áreas son, cada vez más, digitales. La Internet es un tipo "
+"global de procomún digital. Los individuos, organizaciones y negocios que "
"perfilamos en nuestros casos de estudio usan Creative Commons para compartir "
"sus recursos en línea a través de la Internet."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:348
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:411
+msgid ""
+"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
+"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
+msgstr ""
+"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
+"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:419
+msgid "Ibid., 15."
+msgstr "Ibid., 15."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:407
msgid ""
"The commons is not just about shared resources, however. It’s also about the "
"social practices and values that manage them. A resource is a noun, but to "
-"common—to put the resource into the commons—is a verb.2 The creators, "
-"organizations, and businesses we profile are all engaged with commoning. "
-"Their use of Creative Commons involves them in the social practice of "
-"commoning, managing resources in a collective manner with a community of "
-"users.3 Commoning is guided by a set of values and norms that balance the "
+"common—to put the resource into the commons—is a verb.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The creators, organizations, and businesses we "
+"profile are all engaged with commoning. Their use of Creative Commons "
+"involves them in the social practice of commoning, managing resources in a "
+"collective manner with a community of users.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
+"id=\"1\"/> Commoning is guided by a set of values and norms that balance the "
"costs and benefits of the enterprise with those of the community. Special "
"regard is given to equitable access, use, and sustainability."
msgstr ""
"Sin embargo, el procomún no es sólo acerca de recursos compartidos. También "
"es acerca de las prácticas sociales y valores que los dirigen. Un recurso es "
-"un sustantivo, pero liberar—poner un recurso en el procomún—es un verbo.2 "
-"Las personas creadoras, organizaciones y negocios que perfilamos están todas "
-"comprometidas con comunalizar. Su uso de Creative Common les involucra en la "
-"práctica social de la liberación, gestionando recursos de una forma "
-"colectiva con una comunidad de usuarios.3 La liberación es guiada por un "
-"conjunto de valores y normas que balancean los costos y beneficios de la "
-"empresa con aquellos de la comunidad. Se le da especial atención al acceso "
-"equitativo, uso y sostenibilidad."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:350
-msgid "### The Commons, the Market, and the State"
-msgstr "### El procomún, el mercado y el Estado"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:355
+"un sustantivo, pero _comunalizar_ —poner un recurso en el procomún— es un "
+"verbo.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Las personas creadoras, "
+"organizaciones y negocios que perfilamos están todas comprometidas con "
+"comunalizar. Su uso de Creative Commons les involucra en la práctica social "
+"de la comunalización, gestionando recursos de una forma colectiva con una "
+"comunidad de usuarios.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> La "
+"liberación es guiada por un conjunto de valores y normas que balancean los "
+"costos y beneficios de la empresa con aquellos de la comunidad. Se le da "
+"especial atención al acceso equitativo, uso y sostenibilidad."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:426
+msgid "The Commons, the Market, and the State"
+msgstr "El procomún, el mercado y el Estado"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:432
+msgid "Ibid., 145."
+msgstr "Ibid., 145."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:428
msgid ""
"Historically, there have been three ways to manage resources and share "
"wealth: the commons (managed collectively), the state (i.e., the "
-"government), and the market—with the last two being the dominant forms "
-"today.4"
+"government), and the market—with the last two being the dominant forms today."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Históricamente, han habido tres formas de gestionar recursos y compartir "
-"riquezas: el procomún (gestionado de forma colectiva), el Estado (i.e., el "
-"gobierno) y el mercado—con los dos últimos siendo hoy las formas dominantes.4"
+"riquezas: el procomún (gestionado de forma colectiva), el Estado (esto es, "
+"el gobierno) y el mercado—con los dos últimos siendo hoy las formas "
+"dominantes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:441
+msgid "Ibid., 175."
+msgstr "Ibid., 175."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:363
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:436
msgid ""
"The organizations and businesses in our case studies are unique in the way "
"they participate in the commons while still engaging with the market and/or "
"state. The extent of engagement with market or state varies. Some operate "
-"primarily as a commons with minimal or no reliance on the market or state.5 "
-"Others are very much a part of the market or state, depending on them for "
-"financial sustainability. All operate as hybrids, blending the norms of the "
-"commons with those of the market or state."
+"primarily as a commons with minimal or no reliance on the market or state."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Others are very much a part of the "
+"market or state, depending on them for financial sustainability. All operate "
+"as hybrids, blending the norms of the commons with those of the market or "
+"state."
msgstr ""
"Las organizaciones y los negocios en nuestros casos de estudio son únicas en "
-"la forma en que participan en el procomún, mientras se siguen involucrando "
-"con el mercado y/o el Estado. El grado de involucramiento con el mercado o "
-"Estado varía. Algunas operan ante todo como procomún con mínima o ninguna "
-"dependencia del mercado o Estado.5 Otras son parte del mercado o Estado, y "
-"dependen de estos para su sotenibilidad financiera. Todas operan como "
-"híbridos, mezclando las normas del procomún con las del mercado o Estado."
+"la forma en que participan en el procomún, al tiempo que se mantienen "
+"involucrados con el mercado y/o el Estado. El grado de involucramiento con "
+"el mercado o Estado varía. Algunas operan ante todo como procomún con mínima "
+"o ninguna dependencia del mercado o Estado.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/> Otras son parte del mercado o Estado, y dependen de estos para su "
+"sotenibilidad financiera. Todas operan como híbridos, mezclando las normas "
+"del procomún con las del mercado o Estado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:366
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:448
msgid ""
"Fig. 1. is a depiction of how an enterprise can have varying levels of "
"engagement with commons, state, and market."
msgstr ""
-"Fig 1. es una representación de cómo una empresa puede tener niveles "
+"La Fig. 1. es una representación de cómo una empresa puede tener niveles "
"variables de involucramiento con el procomún, el Estado y el mercado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:375
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:452
msgid ""
"Some of our case studies are simply commons and market enterprises with "
"little or no engagement with the state. A depiction of those case studies "
"se ve a sí misma como principalmente de un tipo o de otro afecta el balance "
"de normas bajo las cuales operan."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:383
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:463
msgid ""
"All our case studies generate money as a means of livelihood and "
"sustainability. Money is primarily of the market. Finding ways to generate "
"strong sense of values, and the ability to blend the best of both."
msgstr ""
"Todos nuestros casos de estudio generan dinero como medio de subsistencia o "
-"sostenibilidad. El dinero es, ante todo, del mercado. Encontrar formas de "
-"generar ingresos manteniéndose fiel a los valores fundamentales del procomún "
-"(por lo general expresados en declaraciones de la misión) es un reto. "
-"Gestionar la interacción y el involucramiento entre el procomún y el mercado "
-"requiere un toque ágil, un fuerte sentido de valores y la habilidad de "
-"mezclar lo mejor de ambos."
+"sostenibilidad. El dinero pertenece, ante todo, al mercado. Encontrar formas "
+"de generar ingresos manteniéndose fiel a los valores fundamentales del "
+"procomún (por lo general expresados en la definición de su misión) es un "
+"reto. Gestionar la interacción y el involucramiento entre el procomún y el "
+"mercado requiere un toque ágil, un fuerte sentido de valores y la habilidad "
+"de mezclar lo mejor de ambos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:389
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:472
msgid ""
"The state has an important role to play in fostering the use and adoption of "
"the commons. State programs and funding can deliberately contribute to and "
"build the commons. Beyond money, laws and regulations regarding property, "
"copyright, business, and finance can all be designed to foster the commons."
msgstr ""
-"El Estado juega un rol importante en promover el uso y la adopción del "
-"procomún. Los programas y financiamiento del Estado pueden contribuir y "
-"construir el procomún de forma deliberada. Más allá del dinero, leyes y "
-"regulaciones con respecto a propiedad, derechos de autor, negocios y "
-"finanzas pueden ser designadas para promover el procomún."
+"El Estado juega un papel importante en la promoción del uso y la adopción "
+"del procomún. Los programas y financiamiento del Estado pueden contribuir y "
+"construir el procomún de forma deliberada. Más allá del dinero, pueden "
+"diseñarse las leyes y regulaciones con respecto a propiedad, derechos de "
+"autor, negocios y finanzas para promover el procomún."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:479
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:486
+msgid "Enterprise engagement with commons, state and market."
+msgstr ""
+"Una empresa puede tener niveles variables de involucramiento con el "
+"procomún, el Estado y el mercado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:392
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:482
msgid ""
-"{width=\"6.5in\" "
-"height=\"3.5417in\"}"
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000008000000045C30360249076453E6.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:400
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:481
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:530
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:648
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:777
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:819
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:904
+msgid "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
+msgstr "<placeholder type=\"mediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:492
msgid ""
"It’s helpful to understand how the commons, market, and state manage "
"resources differently, and not just for those who consider themselves "
msgstr ""
"Es útil entender cómo el procomún, el mercado y el Estado gestionan los "
"recursos de forma diferente, y no solo prara aquellos que se consideran ante "
-"todo como un procomún. Para negocios u organizaciones gubernamentales que "
-"quiere involucrarse y usar el procomún, saber cómo el procomún opera les "
-"ayudará a entender la mejor forma para hacerlo. Participar en el uso del "
-"procomún en la misma forma en la que lo harían en el mercado o Estado no es "
-"una estrategia para el éxito."
+"todo como un procomún. Para empresas u organizaciones gubernamentales que "
+"quieren involucrarse y aprovechar los bienes comunales, saber cómo éstos "
+"operan les ayudará a encontrar la mejor forma para hacerlo. Participar en el "
+"uso del procomún en la misma forma en la que lo harían en el mercado o "
+"Estado no resultaría una estrategia exitosa."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:503
+msgid "The Four Aspects of a Resource"
+msgstr "Los cuatro aspectos de un recurso"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:402
-msgid "### The Four Aspects of a Resource"
-msgstr "### Los cuatro aspectos de un recurso"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:508
+msgid ""
+"Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural "
+"Commons for the Knowledge Commons,” in Governing Knowledge Commons, eds. "
+"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg (New "
+"York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53."
+msgstr ""
+"Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural "
+"Commons for the Knowledge Commons,” en Governing Knowledge Commons, eds. "
+"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, y Katherine J. Strandburg (New "
+"York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:410
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:505
msgid ""
"As part of her Nobel Prize–winning work, Elinor Ostrom developed a framework "
-"for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.6 Her framework "
-"considered things like the biophysical characteristics of common resources, "
-"the community’s actors and the interactions that take place between them, "
-"rules-in-use, and outcomes. That framework has been simplified and "
-"generalized to apply to the commons, the market, and the state for this "
-"chapter."
+"for analyzing how natural resources are managed in a commons.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Her framework considered things like the "
+"biophysical characteristics of common resources, the community’s actors and "
+"the interactions that take place between them, rules-in-use, and outcomes. "
+"That framework has been simplified and generalized to apply to the commons, "
+"the market, and the state for this chapter."
msgstr ""
"Como parte de su trabajo ganador del Premio Nobel, Elinor Ostrom desarrolló "
"un marco conceptual para analizar cómo los recursos naturales se gestionan "
-"en un procomún.6 Su marco conceptual considera cosas como las "
-"características biofísicas de recursos communes, los actores de la comunidad "
-"y las interacciones que tienen lugar entre estas, reglas en uso y "
-"resultados. El marco conceptual ha sido simplificado y generalizado para "
-"aplicar al procomún, el mercado y el Estado para este capítulo."
+"en un procomún.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Su marco conceptual "
+"considera cosas como las características biofísicas de recursos communes, "
+"los actores de la comunidad y las interacciones que tienen lugar entre "
+"ellos, reglas en uso y resultados. El marco conceptual ha sido simplificado "
+"y generalizado para aplicar al procomún, el mercado y el Estado para este "
+"capítulo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:416
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:521
msgid ""
"To compare and contrast the ways in which the commons, market, and state "
"work, let’s consider four aspects of resource management: resource "
"rules they develop to govern use, and finally actual resource use along with "
"outcomes of that use (see Fig. 2)."
msgstr ""
-"Para comparar y contrastar las formas en las que el procomún, el mercado y "
-"el Estado trabaja, consideremos cuatro aspectos de la gestión de recursos: "
-"características del recruso, las personas involucradas y el proceso que "
-"usan, las normas y reglas que desarrollan para gobernar el uso, y finalmente "
-"el uso real del recurso junto con los resultados de ese uso (ver Fig. 2)."
+"Para comparar y contrastar las formas en las que los bienes comunales, el "
+"mercado y el Estado trabajan, consideremos cuatro aspectos de la gestión de "
+"recursos: características del recruso, las personas involucradas y los "
+"procesos que siguen, las normas y reglas que desarrollan para gobernar el "
+"uso, y finalmente el uso real del recurso junto con los resultados de ese "
+"uso (ver Fig. 2)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:419
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:529
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:535
+msgid "Four aspects of resource management"
+msgstr "Cuatro aspectos de administración de recursos"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:531
msgid ""
-"{width=\"6.5in\" "
-"height=\"6.5in\"}"
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000007D0000007D0ACF13F8B71EAF0B9.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:421
-msgid "#### Characteristics"
-msgstr "#### Características"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:541
+msgid "Characteristics"
+msgstr "Características"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:426
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:543
msgid ""
"Resources have particular characteristics or attributes that affect the way "
"they can be used. Some resources are natural; others are human produced. And—"
msgstr ""
"Los recursos tienen características particulares o atributos que afectan la "
"forma en que pueden ser usados. Algunos recursos son naturales; otros son "
-"producidos por humanos. Y—de forma significativa para el procomún de hoy—los "
-"recursos pueden ser físicos o digitales, lo que afecta el potencial "
-"inherente del recuros."
+"producidos por personas. Y —de forma significativa para el procomún de hoy—"
+"los recursos pueden ser físicos o digitales, lo que afecta el potencial "
+"inherente del recurso."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:435
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:550
msgid ""
"Physical resources exist in limited supply. If I have a physical resource "
-"and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and "
+"and give it to you, I no longer have it. When a resource is removed and "
"used, the supply becomes scarce or depleted. Scarcity can result in "
"competing rivalry for the resource. Made with Creative Commons enterprises "
"are usually digitally based but some of our case studies also produce "
"resources in physical form. The costs of producing and distributing a "
"physical good usually require them to engage with the market."
msgstr ""
-"Los recursos físicos existen en un suministro limitado. Si yo tengo un "
-"recurso físico y se lo doy a usted, yo ya no lo tengo más. Cuando un recurso "
-"se retira y se usa, el suministro se vuelve escaso o agotado. La escasez "
+"Los recursos físicos existen en cantidades limitadas. Si yo tengo un recurso "
+"físico y se lo doy a otra persona, yo ya no lo tengo más. Cuando un recurso "
+"se retira y se usa, la disponibilidad total se reduce o agota. La escasez "
"puede resultar en una rivalidad competitiva por el recurso. Las empresas "
-"hechas con Creative Commons por lo general se basan en lo digital, pero "
-"algunos de nuestros casos de estudio también producen recursos en forma "
+"_hechas con Creative Commons_ por lo general se basan en medios digitales, "
+"pero algunos de nuestros casos de estudio también producen recursos en forma "
"física. Los costos de producir y distribuir un bien físico por lo general "
"requieren que se involucren con el mercado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:443
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:561
msgid ""
-"Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital "
+"Physical resources are depletable, exclusive, and rivalrous. Digital "
"resources, on the other hand, are nondepletable, nonexclusive, and "
"nonrivalrous. If I share a digital resource with you, we both have the "
"resource. Giving it to you does not mean I no longer have it. Digital "
"depleted, and at close to zero cost. Abundance rather than scarcity is an "
"inherent characteristic of digital resources."
msgstr ""
-"Los recursos físicos son agotables, exclusivos y tienden a la rivalidad. Los "
-"recursos digitales, por otra parte, no son agotables, exclusivos ni tienden "
-"a la rivalidad. Si yo comparto un recurso digital con usted, ambos tenemos "
-"el recurso. Dárselo a usted no significa que yo ya no lo tengo más. Los "
-"recursos digitales pueden ser almacenados, copiados y distribuidos de forma "
-"infinita sin agotarse, y a un costo cercano a cero. La abundancia, en lugar "
-"de la escasez, es una característica inherente de los recursos digitales."
+"Los recursos físicos son agotables, exclusivos y rivales. Los recursos "
+"digitales, por otra parte, no son agotables, exclusivos ni rivales. Si yo "
+"comparto un recurso digital con alguna persona, ambos tenemos el recurso. "
+"Dárselo a alguien no significa que yo ya no lo tenga. Los recursos digitales "
+"pueden ser almacenados, copiados y distribuidos de forma infinita sin "
+"agotarse, y a un costo cercano a cero. La abundancia, y ya no de la escasez, "
+"es una característica inherente de los recursos digitales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:450
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:571
msgid ""
"The nondepletable, nonexclusive, and nonrivalrous nature of digital "
-"resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be "
+"resources means the rules and norms for managing them can (and ought to) be "
"different from how physical resources are managed. However, this is not "
"always the case. Digital resources are frequently made artificially scarce. "
"Placing digital resources in the commons makes them free and abundant."
msgstr ""
-"La naturaleza no agotable, sin exclusividad y que no tiende a la rivalidad "
-"de los recursos digitales significa que las reglas y normas para "
-"gestionarlos pueden (y deben) ser diferentes de cómo los recursos físicos "
-"se gestionan. Sin embargo, este no es siempre el caso. Los recursos "
-"digitales con frecuencia se hacen escasos de forma artificial. Poner "
-"recursos digitales en el procomún los hace libres y abundantes."
+"La naturaleza no agotable, no exclusiva y no rival de los recursos digitales "
+"significa que las reglas y normas para gestionarlos pueden (y deben) ser "
+"diferentes de cómo los recursos físicos se gestionan. Sin embargo, este no "
+"es siempre el caso. Los recursos digitales con frecuencia se hacen escasos "
+"de forma artificial. Poner recursos digitales en el procomún los hace libres "
+"y abundantes."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:459
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:579
msgid ""
"Our case studies frequently manage hybrid resources, which start out as "
"digital with the possibility of being made into a physical resource. The "
"digital file of a book can be printed on paper and made into a physical "
"book. A computer-rendered design for furniture can be physically "
-"manufactured in wood. This conversion from digital to physical invariably "
-"has costs. Often the digital resources are managed in a free and open way, "
+"manufactured in wood. This conversion from digital to physical invariably "
+"has costs. Often the digital resources are managed in a free and open way, "
"but money is charged to convert a digital resource into a physical one."
msgstr ""
"Nuestros casos de estudio con frecuencia gestionan recursos híbridos, que "
"gestionados de forma gratuita y abierta, pero se cobra dinero por convertir "
"un recurso digital en uno físico."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:467
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:590
msgid ""
"Beyond this idea of physical versus digital, the commons, market, and state "
-"conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources as "
-"private goods—commodities for sale—from which value is extracted. The state "
-"sees resources as public goods that provide value to state citizens. The "
-"commons sees resources as common goods, providing a common wealth extending "
-"beyond state boundaries, to be passed on in undiminished or enhanced form to "
-"future generations."
+"conceive of resources differently (see Fig. 3). The market sees resources "
+"as private goods—commodities for sale—from which value is extracted. The "
+"state sees resources as public goods that provide value to state citizens. "
+"The commons sees resources as common goods, providing a common wealth "
+"extending beyond state boundaries, to be passed on in undiminished or "
+"enhanced form to future generations."
msgstr ""
"Mas allá de esta idea de físico contra digital, el procomún, el mercado y el "
"Estado conciben a los recursos de forma diferente (ver Fig. 3). El mercado "
"los cuales se extrae valor. El Estado ve a los recursos como bienes públicos "
"que brindan valor a los ciudadanos. El procomún ve a los recursos como "
"bienes comunes, que brindan riqueza común, extendiéndose más allá de las "
-"fronteras del Estado para ser pasadas a futuras generaciones en una forma "
-"sin disminuciones o mejorada."
+"fronteras del Estado para ser pasadas a futuras generaciones de forma no "
+"disminuída y, en ocasiones, mejorada."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:469
-msgid "#### People and processes"
-msgstr "#### Personas y procesos"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:601
+msgid "People and processes"
+msgstr "Personas y procesos"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:473
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:603
msgid ""
"In the commons, the market, and the state, different people and processes "
"are used to manage resources. The processes used define both who has a say "
"usan para gestionar recursos. Los procesos usados definen quienes tienes "
"tienen voz, así como la forma en que un recurso se gestiona."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:481
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:608
msgid ""
"In the state, a government of elected officials is responsible for managing "
"resources on behalf of the public. The citizens who produce and use those "
"resources are not directly involved; instead, that responsibility is given "
-"over to the government. State ministries and departments staffed with public "
-"servants set budgets, implement programs, and manage resources based on "
-"government priorities and procedures."
+"over to the government. State ministries and departments staffed with "
+"public servants set budgets, implement programs, and manage resources based "
+"on government priorities and procedures."
msgstr ""
"En el Estado, un gobierno de oficiales elegidos es responsable de gestionar "
"recursos en nombre del público. Los ciudadanos que producen y usan esos "
"como empleados, establecen presupuestos, implementan programas y gestionan "
"recursos con base en prioridades y procedimientos del gobierno."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:488
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:617
msgid ""
"In the market, the people involved are producers, buyers, sellers, and "
"consumers. Businesses act as intermediaries between those who produce "
"con frecuencia producidas en masa, y vendidas a consumidores sobre la base "
"de una transacción de efectivo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:502
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:628
+msgid ""
+"Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
+"and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93."
+msgstr ""
+"Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
+"and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:626
msgid ""
"In contrast to the state and market, resources in a commons are managed more "
-"directly by the people involved.7 Creators of human produced resources can "
-"put them in the commons by personal choice. No permission from state or "
-"market is required. Anyone can participate in the commons and determine for "
-"themselves the extent to which they want to be involved—as a contributor, "
-"user, or manager. The people involved include not only those who create and "
-"use resources but those affected by outcome of use. Who you are affects your "
-"say, actions you can take, and extent of decision making. In the commons, "
-"the community as a whole manages the resources. Resources put into the "
-"commons using Creative Commons require users to give the original creator "
-"credit. Knowing the person behind a resource makes the commons less "
-"anonymous and more personal."
+"directly by the people involved.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"Creators of human produced resources can put them in the commons by personal "
+"choice. No permission from state or market is required. Anyone can "
+"participate in the commons and determine for themselves the extent to which "
+"they want to be involved—as a contributor, user, or manager. The people "
+"involved include not only those who create and use resources but those "
+"affected by outcome of use. Who you are affects your say, actions you can "
+"take, and extent of decision making. In the commons, the community as a "
+"whole manages the resources. Resources put into the commons using Creative "
+"Commons require users to give the original creator credit. Knowing the "
+"person behind a resource makes the commons less anonymous and more personal."
msgstr ""
"En contraste con el Estado y el mercado, los recursos en un procomún son "
-"gestionados de forma más directa por las personas involucradas.7 Creadores "
-"de recursos producidos por humanos pueden ponerlos en el procomún por "
-"escogencia personal. No se requiere permiso del Estado o el mercado. "
-"Cualquier persona puede participar en el procomún y determinar por sí misma "
-"el alcance al cual quiere estar involucrada—como contribuyente, usuario o "
-"administrador. Las personas involucradas no incluyen solo a aquellas que "
-"crean y usan recursos, sino también a aquellas afectadas por el resultado "
-"de su uso. Quién se es afecta su opinión, acciones que puede tomar, y el "
-"alcance de la toma de decisiones. En el procomún, la comunidad como un todo "
-"gestiona los recursos. Los recursos puestos en el procomún usando Creative "
-"Commons requieren que los usuarios den crédito al creador original. Conocer "
-"a la persona detrás del recurso vuelve al procomún menos anónimo y más "
-"personal."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:505
-msgid ""
-"{width=\"6.5in\" "
-"height=\"4.2362in\"}"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:507
-msgid "#### Norms and rules"
-msgstr "#### Normas y reglas"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:512
+"gestionados de forma más directa por las personas involucradas.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Creadores de recursos producidos por personas "
+"pueden ponerlos en el procomún por escogencia personal. No se requiere "
+"permiso del Estado o el mercado. Cualquier persona puede participar en el "
+"procomún y determinar por sí misma el alcance al cual quiere estar "
+"involucrada—como contribuyente, usuario o administrador. Las personas "
+"involucradas no incluyen solo a aquellas que crean y usan recursos, sino "
+"también a aquellas afectadas por el resultado de su uso. Quién se es afecta "
+"su opinión, acciones que puede tomar, y el alcance de la toma de decisiones. "
+"En el procomún, la comunidad como un todo gestiona los recursos. Los "
+"recursos puestos en el procomún usando Creative Commons requieren que los "
+"usuarios den crédito al creador original. Conocer a la persona detrás del "
+"recurso vuelve al procomún menos anónimo y más personal."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:646
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:653
+msgid "How the market, commons and state concieve of resources."
+msgstr "Cómo el mercado, los bienes comunes y el Estado conciben los recursos."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><figure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:649
+msgid ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
+msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000009C40000065D9EC4F530BD4DFBE0.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:660
+msgid "Norms and rules"
+msgstr "Normas y reglas"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:662
msgid ""
"The social interactions between people, and the processes used by the state, "
"market, and commons, evolve social norms and rules. These norms and rules "
"define permissions, allocate entitlements, and resolve disputes."
msgstr ""
-"Las interacciones sociales entre personas, y los procesos usados por el "
-"Estado, el mercado y el procomún, evolucionan normas sociales y reglas. "
-"Estas normas y reglas definen permisos, asignan derechos y resuelven "
+"Las interacciones sociales entre personas, y los procesos empleados por el "
+"Estado, el mercado y los bienes comunales, evolucionan en normas sociales y "
+"reglas. Estas normas y reglas definen permisos, asignan derechos y resuelven "
"disputas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:518
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:668
msgid ""
"State authority is governed by national constitutions. Norms related to "
"priorities and decision making are defined by elected officials and "
msgstr ""
"La autoridad del Estado está gobernada por las constituciones nacionales. "
"Las normas relacionadas con las prioridades y la toma de decisiones son "
-"definidas por oficiales elegidos y procesos parlamentarios. Las reglas de "
+"definidas por mandatarios electos y procesos parlamentarios. Las reglas del "
"Estado se expresan a través de políticas, regulaciones y leyes. El Estado "
"influencia las normas y reglas del mercado y el procomún a través de las "
"reglas que pasa."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:522
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:676
msgid ""
"Market norms are influenced by economics and competition for scarce "
"resources. Market rules follow property, business, and financial laws "
"defined by the state."
msgstr ""
-"Las normas de mercado son influenciadas por economías y competición por "
-"recursos escasos. Las reglas del mercado siguen a la propiedad, negocios y "
-"leyes financieras definidas por el Estado."
+"Las normas del mercado reciben influencia de la economía y la competencia "
+"por recursos escasos. Las reglas del mercado siguen a la propiedad, negocios "
+"y leyes financieras definidas por el Estado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:529
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:688
+msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175."
+msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:681
msgid ""
"As with the market, a commons can be influenced by state policies, "
"regulations, and laws. But the norms and rules of a commons are largely "
"defined by the community. They weigh individual costs and benefits against "
"the costs and benefits to the whole community. Consideration is given not "
-"just to economic efficiency but also to equity and sustainability.9"
+"just to economic efficiency but also to equity and sustainability."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
-"Como con el mercado, el procomún puede ser influenciado por políticas de "
-"Estado, regulaciones y leyes. Pero las normas y reglas de un procomún son en "
-"gran parte definidas por la comunidad. Ellas ponderan costos y beneficios "
-"individuales contra los costos y beneficios de la comunidad entera. No solo "
-"se le da consideración a la eficiencia económica sino que también a la "
-"equidad y sostenibilidad.9"
+"Como con el mercado, los bienes comunales pueden recibir influencia de "
+"políticas de Estado, regulaciones y leyes. Pero las normas y reglas de un "
+"bien comunal son en buena medida definidas por la comunidad. Ellas ponderan "
+"costos y beneficios individuales contra los costos y beneficios de la "
+"comunidad entera. No solo entra en juego la eficiencia económica sino que "
+"también a la equidad y sostenibilidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:531
-msgid "#### Goals"
-msgstr "#### Objetivos"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:693
+msgid "Goals"
+msgstr "Objetivos"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:536
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:695
msgid ""
"The combination of the aspects we’ve discussed so far—the resource’s "
"inherent characteristics, people and processes, and norms and rules—shape "
"how resources are used. Use is also influenced by the different goals the "
"state, market, and commons have."
msgstr ""
-"La combinación de los aspectos que hemos discutido hasta ahora—las "
+"La combinación de los aspectos que hemos discutido hasta ahora —las "
"características inherentes de los recursos, personas y procesos, y normas y "
-"reglas—modelan cómo los recursos son usados. El uso también está "
+"reglas— modelan cómo los recursos son empleados. El uso también está "
"influenciado por los diferentes objetivos que tiene el Estado, el mercado y "
"el procomún."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:543
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:707
+msgid ""
+"Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, “The Economics of Information in a Post-"
+"Carbon Economy,” in Free Knowledge: Confronting the Commodification of Human "
+"Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott and Daryl H. Hepting (Regina, SK: "
+"University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4."
+msgstr ""
+"Joshua Farley e Ida Kubiszewski, “The Economics of Information in a Post-"
+"Carbon Economy,” en Free Knowledge: Confronting the Commodification of Human "
+"Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott and Daryl H. Hepting (Regina, SK: "
+"University of Regina Press, 2015), 201–4."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:702
msgid ""
-"In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What "
-"we pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the "
-"utility they provide. The goal then becomes maximizing total monetary value "
-"in the economy.10 Units consumed translates to sales, revenue, profit, and "
-"growth, and these are all ways to measure goals of the market."
+"In the market, the focus is on maximizing the utility of a resource. What we "
+"pay for the goods we consume is seen as an objective measure of the utility "
+"they provide. The goal then becomes maximizing total monetary value in the "
+"economy.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Units consumed translates "
+"to sales, revenue, profit, and growth, and these are all ways to measure "
+"goals of the market."
msgstr ""
-"En el mercado, en enfoque es en maximizar la utilidad de un recurso. Lo que "
+"En el mercado, en enfoque es maximizar la utilidad de un recurso. Lo que "
"pagamos por los bienes que consumimos se ve como un objetivo medible de la "
"utilidad que brinda. El objetivo entonces se vuelve maximizar el valor "
-"monetario total en la economía.10 Unidades consumidas se traducen en ventas, "
-"ingresos, ganancia y crecimiento, y estas todas son formas de medir los "
-"objetivos del mercado."
+"monetario total en la economía.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"Unidades consumidas se traducen en ventas, ingresos, ganancia y crecimiento, "
+"y estas todas son formas de medir los objetivos del mercado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:550
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:717
msgid ""
"The state aims to use and manage resources in a way that balances the "
"economy with the social and cultural needs of its citizens. Health care, "
"aplica sus recursos hacia estos propósitos. Los objetivos del Estado se "
"reflejan en mediciones de calidad de vida."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:557
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:726
msgid ""
"In the commons, the goal is maximizing access, equity, distribution, "
-"participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by "
+"participation, innovation, and sustainability. You can measure success by "
"looking at how many people access and use a resource; how users are "
"distributed across gender, income, and location; if a community to extend "
"and enhance the resources is being formed; and if the resources are being "
"used in innovative ways for personal and social good."
msgstr ""
-"En el procomún, el objetivo es maximizar acceso, equidad, distribución, "
-"participación, innovación y sostenibilidad. Usted puede medir el éxito "
-"viendo cuántas personas accesan y usan un recurso; cómo es la distribución "
-"de usuarios a través de género, ingresos, y ubicación; si una comunidad se "
-"está formando para extender y mejorar los recursos; y si los recursos están "
-"siendo usados de formas innovadoras para beneficio personal y social."
+"Por lo que respecta a los bienes comunales, el objetivo es maximizar acceso, "
+"equidad, distribución, participación, innovación y sostenibilidad. Se puede "
+"medir el éxito observando cuántas personas accesan y usan un recurso; cómo "
+"es la distribución de usuarios a través de género, ingresos, y ubicación; si "
+"una comunidad se está formando para extender y mejorar los recursos; y si "
+"los recursos están siendo usados de formas innovadoras para beneficio "
+"personal y social."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:562
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:735
msgid ""
"As hybrid combinations of the commons with the market or state, the success "
"and sustainability of all our case study enterprises depends on their "
"de su capacidad para utilizar y balancear de forma estratégica estos "
"diferentes aspectos de la gestión de recursos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:564
-msgid "### A Short History of the Commons"
-msgstr "### Una corta historia del procomún"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:743
+msgid "A Short History of the Commons"
+msgstr "Una corta historia del procomún"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:571
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:745
msgid ""
"Using the commons to manage resources is part of a long historical "
"continuum. However, in contemporary society, the market and the state "
"from consciousness and consideration. There are no news reports or speeches "
"about the commons."
msgstr ""
-"Usar al procomún para gestionar recursos es parte de una larga continuidad "
-"histórica. Sin embargo, en la sociedad contemporánea, el mercado y el Estado "
-"dominan el discurso de cómo los recursos se gestionan de la mejor forma. Es "
-"raro que el procomún tan siquiera se considere como una opción. El procomún "
-"ha desaparecido conciencia y consideración en gran parte. No hay reportes "
+"Usar al procomún para gestionar recursos es parte de un largo contínuo "
+"histórico. Sin embargo, en la sociedad contemporánea, el mercado y el Estado "
+"dominan el discurso de cuál es la mejor manera de gestionar los recursos. Es "
+"raro que el procomún siquiera se considere como una opción. El procomún ha "
+"desaparecido de la conciencia y consideración en gran parte. No hay reportes "
"noticiosos o discursos acerca del procomún."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:577
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:754
msgid ""
"But the more than 1.1 billion resources licensed with Creative Commons "
"around the world are indications of a grassroots move toward the commons. "
"commons and its current renewal, it’s helpful to know something of its "
"history."
msgstr ""
-"Pero los más de 1100 millones de recursos licenciados con Creative Commons "
-"alrededor del mundo son indicaciones de un movimiento de las bases hacia el "
+"Pero los más de 1,100 millones de recursos licenciados con Creative Commons "
+"alrededor del mundo son indicadores de un movimiento de las bases hacia el "
"procomún. El procomún está haciendo un resurgimiento. Para entender la "
-"resiliencia de el procomún en su actual renovación, es útil saber algo de su "
-"historia."
+"resiliencia del procomún y comprender su actual renovación, es útil saber "
+"algo de su historia."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:586
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:765
+msgid ""
+"Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for "
+"the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, "
+"2014), 42–43."
+msgstr ""
+"Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the Commons for "
+"the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, "
+"2014), 42–43."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:761
msgid ""
"For centuries, indigenous people and preindustrialized societies managed "
"resources, including water, food, firewood, irrigation, fish, wild game, and "
-"many other things collectively as a commons.11 There was no market, no "
-"global economy. The state in the form of rulers influenced the commons but "
-"by no means controlled it. Direct social participation in a commons was the "
-"primary way in which resources were managed and needs met. (Fig. 4 "
-"illustrates the commons in relation to the state and the market.)"
+"many other things collectively as a commons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
+"id=\"0\"/> There was no market, no global economy. The state in the form of "
+"rulers influenced the commons but by no means controlled it. Direct social "
+"participation in a commons was the primary way in which resources were "
+"managed and needs met. (Fig. 4 illustrates the commons in relation to the "
+"state and the market.)"
msgstr ""
"Por siglos, las personas indígenas de las sociedades preindustrializadas "
"gestionaron recursos de forma colectiva como un procomún, incluyendo agua, "
-"comida, leña, irrigación, pesca y caza, y muchas otras cosas.11 No había "
-"mercado, ni economía global. El estado en la forma de soberanos influenciaba "
-"el procomún pero de ninguna forma lo controlaba. La participación social "
-"directa en el procomún era la forma principal con la cuál se gestionaban los "
-"recursos y se satisfacían las necesidades. (Fig. 4 ilustra el procomún con "
-"relación a el Estado y el mercado.)"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:589
-msgid ""
-"{width=\"6.5in\" "
-"height=\"3.389in\"}"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:597
-msgid ""
-"This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) "
-"taking over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of "
-"the commons.12 In olden days, “commoners” were evicted from the land, fences "
-"and hedges erected, laws passed, and security set up to forbid access.13 "
+"comida, leña, irrigación, pesca, caza, y muchas otras cosas.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> No había mercado, ni economía global. El estado "
+"en la forma de soberanos influenciaba el procomún pero de ninguna forma lo "
+"controlaba. La participación social directa en el procomún era la forma "
+"principal con la cuál se gestionaban los recursos y se satisfacían las "
+"necesidades. (La Fig. 4 ilustra el procomún con relación a el Estado y el "
+"mercado.)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:776
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:782
+msgid "In preindustrialized society."
+msgstr "en la sociedad preindustrializada."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:778
+msgid ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
+msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000009C4000005153EACBD62F00F6BA9.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:791
+msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78."
+msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:795
+msgid ""
+"Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
+"Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; "
+"and Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 88."
+msgstr ""
+"Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
+"Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; "
+"and Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 88."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:788
+msgid ""
+"This is followed by a long history of the state (a monarchy or ruler) taking "
+"over the commons for their own purposes. This is called enclosure of the "
+"commons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In olden days, “commoners” "
+"were evicted from the land, fences and hedges erected, laws passed, and "
+"security set up to forbid access.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> "
"Gradually, resources became the property of the state and the state became "
"the primary means by which resources were managed. (See Fig. 5)."
msgstr ""
-"A esto le sigue una larga historia del estado (un monarca o soberano) "
+"A esto le sigue una larga historia del Estado (un monarca o soberano) "
"tomando control sobre el procomún para sus propios propósitos. A esto se le "
-"llama cercamiento del procomún.12 En días antiguos, las masas eran "
-"desalojadas de la tierra, se levantaban vallas y cercas, se pasaban leyes y "
-"se establecía seguridad para prohibir el acceso.13 De forma gradual, los "
+"llama cercamiento del procomún.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"Antíguamente, las masas eran desalojadas de la tierra, se levantaban vallas "
+"y cercas, se aprobaban leyes y se vigilaba el espacio para prohibir el "
+"acceso.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> De forma gradual, los "
"recursos se volvieron propiedad del estado y el estado se volvió la forma "
-"principal por la que los recursos se gestionaban. (Ver Fig. 5)."
+"principal mediante la cual los recursos se gestionaban. (Ver Fig. 5)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:609
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:804
msgid ""
"Holdings of land, water, and game were distributed to ruling family and "
"political appointees. Commoners displaced from the land migrated to cities. "
"With the emergence of the industrial revolution, land and resources became "
-"commodities sold to businesses to support production. Monarchies evolved "
+"commodities sold to businesses to support production. Monarchies evolved "
"into elected parliaments. Commoners became labourers earning money operating "
"the machinery of industry. Financial, business, and property laws were "
"revised by governments to support markets, growth, and productivity. Over "
"ciudades. Con el surgimiento de la revolución industrial, la tierra y los "
"recursos se volvieron bienes que se vendían a negocios para soportar la "
"producción. Las monarquías evolucionaron a parlamentos elegidos. Las masas "
-"se volvieron trabajadores ganando dinero por operar maquinaria industrial. "
-"Leyes financieras, de negocios y de propiedad fueron revisadas por los "
-"gobiernos para soportar mercados, crecimiento y productividad. La Fig. 6 "
-"muestra cómo hoy el mercado es el medio principal por el cuál los recursos "
-"son gestionados."
+"se volvieron trabajadores ganando dinero a cambio de la operación de "
+"maquinaria industrial. Leyes financieras, de negocios y de propiedad fueron "
+"revisadas por los gobiernos para apoyar a mercados, crecimiento y "
+"productividad. La Fig. 6 muestra cómo hoy el mercado es el medio principal "
+"por el cuál los recursos son gestionados."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:612
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:818
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:824
+msgid "The commons is gradually superseded by the state."
+msgstr "Los bienes comunes son gradualmente reemplazados por el estado."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:820
msgid ""
-"{width=\"6.5in\" "
-"height=\"3.389in\"}"
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000009C4000005150F069409C1CC12F0.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:616
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:830
msgid ""
"However, the world today is going through turbulent times. The benefits of "
"the market have been offset by unequal distribution and overexploitation."
"beneficios del mercado se han contrarrestado por la distribución desigual y "
"la sobreexplotación."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:625
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:835
msgid ""
"Overexploitation was the topic of Garrett Hardin’s influential essay “The "
"Tragedy of the Commons,” published in Science in 1968. Hardin argues that "
"everyone in a commons seeks to maximize personal gain and will continue to "
-"do so even when the limits of the commons are reached. The commons is then "
+"do so even when the limits of the commons are reached. The commons is then "
"tragically depleted to the point where it can no longer support anyone. "
"Hardin’s essay became widely accepted as an economic truism and a "
"justification for private property and free markets."
msgstr ""
"La sobreexplotación fue el tema de el influyente ensayo de Garret Hardin, "
-"«La tragedia de los comunes,» publicado en Science en 1968. Hardin argumenta "
-"que todos en un procomún buscan maximizar la ganancia personal y continuar "
-"haciéndolo incluso cuando los limites del procomún son alcanzados. El "
-"procomún es entonces trágicamente agotado al punto en el que ya no puede "
-"soportar a nadie. El ensayo de Hardin se volvió aceptado de forma extensa "
-"como cierto y una justificación para la propiedad privada y los libre "
-"mercados."
+"«La tragedia de los comunes,» publicado en la revista Science en 1968. "
+"Hardin argumenta que en un procomún todos buscan maximizar la ganancia "
+"personal y continuar haciéndolo incluso cuando se alcanzan los limites del "
+"bien comunal. Éste es entonces trágicamente agotado al punto en el que ya no "
+"puede soportar a nadie. El ensayo de Hardin se volvió aceptado de forma "
+"extensa como cierto y una justificación para la propiedad privada y los "
+"libre mercados."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:862
+msgid ""
+"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, "
+"“Governing Knowledge Commons,” in Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg "
+"Governing Knowledge Commons, 12."
+msgstr ""
+"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, "
+"“Governing Knowledge Commons,” en Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg "
+"Governing Knowledge Commons, 12."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:642
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:845
msgid ""
"However, there is one serious flaw with Hardin’s “The Tragedy of the "
"Commons”—it’s fiction. Hardin did not actually study how real commons work. "
"situated to manage it. Ostrom’s approach to the governance of natural "
"resources broke with convention; she recognized the importance of the "
"commons as an alternative to the market or state for solving problems of "
-"collective action.14"
+"collective action.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Sin embargo, hay una seria falla en «La tragedia de los comunes» de Hardin—"
-"es ficticia. Hardin en realidad no estudió cómo el procomún real funciona. "
-"Elinor Ostrom ganó el Premio Nobel de economía de 2009 por estudiar "
-"diferentes procomunes alrededor del mundo. El trabajo de Ostrom mostró que "
-"los recursos naturales del procomún pueden ser gestionados de forma exitosa "
-"por comunidades locales sin ninguna regulación por autoridades centrales o "
-"sin privatización. El gobierno y la privatización no son las únicas dos "
-"opciones. Hay una tercera forma: gestión por las personas, donde aquellas "
-"que son impactadas de forma directa están involucradas de forma directa. Con "
-"recursos naturales, hay una localidad regional. Las personas en la región "
-"son las más familiares con el recurso natural, tienen la dirección más "
-"directa e historia compartida, y por lo tanto son las mejor situadas para "
-"gestionarlos. El enfoque de Ostrom hacia la gobernancia de los recursos "
-"naturales rompió con la convención; ella reconoció la importancia del "
-"procomún como una alternativa al mercado o Estado para solucionar problemas "
-"de acción colectiva.14"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:652
+"es ficticia. Hardin en realidad no estudió cómo funcionan los bienes "
+"comunales reales. Elinor Ostrom ganó el Premio Nobel de economía de 2009 por "
+"estudiar diferentes procomunes alrededor del mundo. El trabajo de Ostrom "
+"mostró que los recursos naturales del procomún pueden ser gestionados de "
+"forma exitosa por comunidades locales sin ninguna regulación por parte de "
+"autoridades centrales y sin privatización. El gobierno y la privatización no "
+"son las únicas dos opciones. Hay una tercera forma: gestión por las "
+"personas, donde aquellas que son impactadas de forma directa están "
+"involucradas de forma directa. Con recursos naturales, hay una localidad "
+"regional. Las personas en la región están más familiarizadas con el recurso "
+"natural, tienen la relación más directa e historia compartida, y por lo "
+"tanto son las mejor situadas para gestionarlos. El enfoque de Ostrom hacia "
+"la gobernanza de los recursos naturales rompió con la convención; ella "
+"reconoció la importancia del procomún como una alternativa al mercado o "
+"Estado para solucionar problemas de acción colectiva.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:868
msgid ""
"Hardin failed to consider the actual social dynamic of the commons. His "
"model assumed that people in the commons act autonomously, out of pure self-"
"while Hardin’s essay is called The Tragedy of the Commons it might more "
"accurately be titled The Tragedy of the Market."
msgstr ""
-"Hardin falló en no considerar la dinámica social actual del procomún. Su "
-"modeló asumió que la gente en el procomún actúa de forma autónoma, por puro "
+"Hardin omitió considerar la dinámica social actual del procomún. Su modeló "
+"asumió que la gente en el procomún actúa de forma autónoma, por puro "
"egoísmo, sin interacción o consideración de otros. Pero como Ostrom "
-"encontró, en realidad, gestionar recursos del procomún en conjunto forma una "
-"comunidad y fomenta el discurso. Esto naturalmente genera normas y reglas "
-"que ayudan a las personas a trabajar de forma colectiva y asegurar un "
+"encontró, en realidad, gestionar recursos del procomún en conjunto _forma_ "
+"una comunidad y fomenta la discusión. Esto naturalmente genera normas y "
+"reglas que ayudan a las personas a trabajar de forma colectiva y asegurar un "
"procomún sostenible. De forma paradójica, mientras el ensayo de Hardi se "
"llamó La tragedia de los comunes, este pudo haberse titulado de forma más "
"precisa La tragedia del mercado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:662
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:884
+msgid ""
+"Farley and Kubiszewski, “Economics of Information,” in Elliott and Hepting, "
+"Free Knowledge, 203."
+msgstr ""
+"Farley and Kubiszewski, “Economics of Information,” en Elliott and Hepting, "
+"Free Knowledge, 203."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:880
msgid ""
"Hardin’s story is based on the premise of depletable resources. Economists "
-"have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is "
-"known about how abundance works.15 The emergence of information technology "
-"and the Internet has led to an explosion in digital resources and new means "
-"of sharing and distribution. Digital resources can never be depleted. An "
-"absence of a theory or model for how abundance works, however, has led the "
-"market to make digital resources artificially scarce and makes it possible "
-"for the usual market norms and rules to be applied."
+"have focused almost exclusively on scarcity-based markets. Very little is "
+"known about how abundance works.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"The emergence of information technology and the Internet has led to an "
+"explosion in digital resources and new means of sharing and distribution. "
+"Digital resources can never be depleted. An absence of a theory or model for "
+"how abundance works, however, has led the market to make digital resources "
+"artificially scarce and makes it possible for the usual market norms and "
+"rules to be applied."
msgstr ""
"La historia de Hardin se basa en la premisa de recursos agotables. Los "
"economistas se han enfocado casi exclusivamente en la mercados basados en la "
-"escasez. Muy poco se sabe acerca de cómo funciona la abundancia.15 El "
-"surgimiento de información tecnológica y la Internet ha llevado a una "
-"explosión en recursos digitales un nuevos medios para compartir y "
-"distribuir. Los recursos digitales nunca se pueden agotar. Sin embargo, la "
-"ausencia de un modelo teórico de cómo funciona la abundancia ha llevado al "
-"mercado a hacer que los recursos digitales sean artificialmente escasos y "
-"que sea posible aplicar las normas y reglas usuales del mercado."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:667
+"escasez. Muy poco se sabe acerca de cómo funciona la abundancia.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El surgimiento de información tecnológica y la "
+"Internet ha llevado a una explosión en recursos digitales y a nuevos medios "
+"para compartir y distribuir. Los recursos digitales no se pueden agotar "
+"jamás. Sin embargo, la ausencia de un modelo teórico de cómo funciona la "
+"abundancia ha llevado al mercado a hacer que los recursos digitales sean "
+"artificialmente escasos y que sea posible aplicar las normas y reglas "
+"usuales del mercado."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:895
msgid ""
"When it comes to use of state funds to create digital goods, however, there "
"is really no justification for artificial scarcity. The norm for state "
"digitales, en realidad no hay justificación para la escasez artificial. La "
"norma de los trabajos digitales financiados por el Estado debería ser que "
"estén disponibles de forma libre y abierta para el público que pagó por "
-"estos."
+"ellos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:670
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject><textobject><phrase>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:902
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:909
+msgid "How the market, the state and the commons look today."
+msgstr "Cómo el mercado, el estado y los bienes comunes se ven al día de hoy."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><figure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:905
msgid ""
-"{width=\"6.5in\" "
-"height=\"3.389in\"}"
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000009C400000515F1CAA15B223F6BAF.png\" width=\"100.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:672
-msgid "### The Digital Revolution"
-msgstr "### La revolución digital"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:916
+msgid "The Digital Revolution"
+msgstr "La revolución digital"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:676
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:918
msgid ""
"In the early days of computing, programmers and developers learned from each "
"other by sharing software. In the 1980s, the free-software movement codified "
"this practice of sharing into a set of principles and freedoms:"
msgstr ""
-"En los primeros días de la computación, las personas programadoras y "
-"desarrolladoras aprendieron de cada una compartiendo programas. En los años "
-"1980, el movimiento de software libre codificó esta práctica de compartir en "
-"un conjunto de principios y libertades:"
+"En los primeros días de la computación, programadores y desarrolladores "
+"aprendieron unos de otros compartiendo programas. En los años 1980, el "
+"movimiento de software libre codificó esta práctica de compartir en un "
+"conjunto de principios y libertades:"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:684
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:926
msgid "The freedom to run a software program as you wish, for any purpose."
msgstr ""
"La libertad de ejecutar un programa de software de la forma en que desee, "
"para cualquier propósito."
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:684
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:932
msgid ""
"The freedom to study how a software program works (because access to the "
"source code has been freely given), and change it so it does your computing "
"as you wish."
msgstr ""
"La libertad de estudiar cómo funciona un programa de software (porque el "
-"acceso al código fuente ha sido dado de forma libre), y cambiarlo para que "
-"haga la computación cómo usted lo desee."
+"acceso al código fuente ha sido dado de forma libre), y modificarlo para que "
+"realice el cómputo como lo requiera cada quién."
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:684
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:939
msgid "The freedom to redistribute copies."
msgstr "La libertad de redistribuir copias."
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:684
-msgid "The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others.16"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:946
+msgid ""
+"“What Is Free Software?” GNU Operating System, the Free Software "
+"Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30, 2016, "
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"“What Is Free Software?” GNU Operating System, the Free Software "
+"Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, último acceso 30 de diciembre "
+"2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw\"/>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:944
+msgid ""
+"The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions to others."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
-"La libertad de distribuir a otras personas copias de versiones modificadas.16"
+"La libertad de distribuir a otras personas copias de versiones modificadas."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:687
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:955
msgid ""
"These principles and freedoms constitute a set of norms and rules that "
"typify a digital commons."
"Estos principios y libertades constituyen un conjunto de normas y reglas que "
"tipifican un procomún digital."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:700
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:970
+msgid ""
+"Wikipedia, s.v. “Open-source software,” last modified November 22, 2016."
+msgstr ""
+"Wikipedia, s.v. “Open-source software,” última modificación 22 de noviembre "
+"de 2016."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:959
msgid ""
"In the late 1990s, to make the sharing of source code and collaboration more "
"appealing to companies, the open-source-software initiative converted these "
"recognized and accepted. Customers liked the way open source gave them "
"control without being locked into a closed, proprietary technology. Free and "
"open-source software also generated a network effect where the value of a "
-"product or service increases with the number of people using it.17 The "
-"dramatic growth of the Internet itself owes much to the fact that nobody has "
-"a proprietary lock on core Internet protocols."
-msgstr ""
-"A finales de los años 1990, para hacer el acto de compartir código fuente y "
-"la colaboración más atractiva a las compañías, la iniciativa de programas de "
-"código abierto convirtió estos principios en licencias y estándares para "
-"gestionar el acceso y la distribución de programas. Los beneficios del "
-"código abierto—tales como confiabilidad, escalabilidad y calidad verificada "
-"por revisión de pares independientes—se volvió ampliamente reconocida y "
-"aceptada. A los clientes les gustaba la forma en que el código abierto les "
-"daba el control sin quedarse encerrados en tecnología privativa y cerrada. "
-"Los programas de código abierto y libre también generaron un efecto de red "
-"en donde el valor de un producto o servicio incrementa con el número de "
-"personas usándolo.17 El crecimiento dramático de la misma Internet le debe "
-"mucho al hecho de que nadie tenía un candado propietario sobre los "
-"protocolos centrales de Internet."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:709
+"product or service increases with the number of people using it.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The dramatic growth of the Internet itself owes "
+"much to the fact that nobody has a proprietary lock on core Internet "
+"protocols."
+msgstr ""
+"A finales de los años 1990, para hacer del acto de compartir código fuente y "
+"de la colaboración más algo atractivo para las compañías, la iniciativa de "
+"programas de código abierto (_Open Source Initiative_) convirtió estos "
+"principios en licencias y estándares para gestionar el acceso y la "
+"distribución de programas. Los beneficios del código abierto —tales como "
+"confiabilidad, escalabilidad y calidad verificada por revisión de pares "
+"independientes— se volvieron ampliamente reconocidos y aceptados. A los "
+"clientes les gustaba la forma en que el código abierto les daba el control "
+"sin quedarse encerrados en tecnología privativa y cerrada. Los programas de "
+"código abierto y libre también generaron un efecto de red en donde el valor "
+"de un producto o servicio incrementa con el número de personas usándolo."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El crecimiento dramático de la "
+"misma Internet le debe mucho al hecho de que nadie tenía un candado "
+"propietario sobre los protocolos centrales de Internet."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:985
+msgid ""
+"Eric S. Raymond, “The Magic Cauldron,” in The Cathedral and the Bazaar: "
+"Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, rev. ed. "
+"(Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001), <ulink url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/"
+"writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"Eric S. Raymond, “The Magic Cauldron,” en The Cathedral and the Bazaar: "
+"Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental Revolutionary, rev. ed. "
+"(Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001), <ulink url=\"http://www.catb.org/esr/"
+"writings/cathedral-bazaar/\"/>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:977
msgid ""
"While open-source software functions as a commons, many businesses and "
"markets did build up around it. Business models based on the licenses and "
"standards of open-source software evolved alongside organizations that "
"managed software code on principles of abundance rather than scarcity. Eric "
"Raymond’s essay “The Magic Cauldron” does a great job of analyzing the "
-"economics and business models associated with open-source software.18 These "
-"models can provide examples of sustainable approaches for those Made with "
-"Creative Commons."
+"economics and business models associated with open-source software."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> These models can provide examples "
+"of sustainable approaches for those Made with Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
-"Mientras los programas de código abierto funcionan como un procomún, muchos "
-"negocios y mercados se construyeron a su alrededor. Los modelos de negocio "
-"basados en licencias y estándares de programas de código abierto "
+"Al tiempo que los programas de código abierto funcionan como un procomún, "
+"muchos negocios y mercados se construyeron a su alrededor. Los modelos de "
+"negocio basados en licencias y estándares de programas de código abierto "
"evolucionaron junto con organizaciones que gestionaron el código de "
"programas bajo principios de abundancia en lugar de escasez. El ensayo de "
"Eric Raymond «El caldero mágico» hace un gran trabajo al analizar la "
"economía y los modelos de negocio asociados a los programas de código "
-"abierto.18 Estos modelos pueden brindar ejemplos de enfoques sostenibles "
-"para aquellos Hechos con Creative Commons."
+"abierto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Estos modelos pueden "
+"brindar ejemplos de enfoques sostenibles para aquellos _Hechos con Creative "
+"Commons_."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:720
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:994
msgid ""
"It isn’t just about an abundant availability of digital assets but also "
"about abundance of participation. The growth of personal computing, "
"others are excluded from accessing and using it without the creator’s "
"permission."
msgstr ""
-"No es sólo acerca de la abundancia de la disponibilidad de activos "
+"No se trata únicamente de la abundancia de la disponibilidad de activos "
"digitales, sino también acerca de la abundancia de la participación. El "
"crecimiento del personal de computación, información tecnológica, y de la "
"Internet ha hecho posible la participación masiva en la producción de "
"muchas otras formas de contenidos digitales pueden ahora ser fácilmente "
"creados y distribuidos por casi cualquiera. A pesar de este potencial de "
"abundancia, estos trabajos digitales por defecto están gobernados por leyes "
-"de derechos de autor. Bajo el derecho de autor, un trabajo digital es la "
+"de derechos de autor. Bajo dicho marco normativo, un trabajo digital es la "
"propiedad del creador, y, por ley, otras personas están excluidas para "
"accesarlo y usarlo sin el permiso del creador."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:726
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1013
+msgid ""
+"New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
+"People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, "
+"2011), <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
+"People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, "
+"2011), <ulink url=\"http://www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf\"/>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1007
msgid ""
"But people like to share. One of the ways we define ourselves is by sharing "
"valuable and entertaining content. Doing so grows and nourishes "
"relationships, seeks to change opinions, encourages action, and informs "
"others about who we are and what we care about. Sharing lets us feel more "
-"involved with the world.19"
+"involved with the world.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Pero a las personas les gusta compartir. Una de las formas en las que nos "
"definimos a nosotros mismos es compartiendo contenido valioso y entretenido. "
"Hacer esto aumenta y nutre las relaciones, busca cambiar opiniones, impulsa "
"a la acción e informa a otras personas acerca de quiénes somos y qué nos "
-"importa. Compartir nos hace sentir más involucrados con el mundo.19"
+"importa. Compartir nos hace sentir más involucrados con el mundo."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:728
-msgid "### The Birth of Creative Commons"
-msgstr "### El nacimiento de Creative Commons"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1021
+msgid "The Birth of Creative Commons"
+msgstr "El nacimiento de Creative Commons"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:735
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1023
msgid ""
"In 2001, Creative Commons was created as a nonprofit to support all those "
"who wanted to share digital content. A suite of Creative Commons licenses "
"una forma sencilla y estándar de conceder permisos de derechos de autor a su "
"trabajo creativo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:749
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1044
+msgid ""
+"“Licensing Considerations,” Creative Commons, accessed December 30, 2016, "
+"<ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-"
+"considerations/\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"“Licensing Considerations,” Creative Commons, último acceso el 30 de "
+"diciembre de 2016, <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/"
+"licensing-considerations/\"/>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1032
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses have a three-layer design. The norms and rules of "
"each license are first expressed in full legal language as used by lawyers. "
"beneath. The third layer is the machine-readable one, making it easy for the "
"Web to know a work is Creative Commons–licensed by expressing permissions in "
"a way that software systems, search engines, and other kinds of technology "
-"can understand.20 Taken together, these three layers ensure creators, users, "
-"and even the Web itself understand the norms and rules associated with "
-"digital content in a commons."
+"can understand.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Taken together, "
+"these three layers ensure creators, users, and even the Web itself "
+"understand the norms and rules associated with digital content in a commons."
msgstr ""
"Las licencias Creative Commons tienen un diseño de tres capas. Las normas y "
-"reglas de cada licencia primero son expresadas en un texto completamente "
-"legal como el que utilizan los abogados. Esta capa se llama el código legal. "
-"Pero como la mayoría de personas creadoras y usuarias no son abogados, esta "
-"licencia también tiene una escritura del procomún, que expresa los permisos "
-"en lenguaje simple que personas regulares pueden leer y entender "
-"rápidamente. Este actúa como una interfaz amistosa para el usuario de la "
-"capa del código legal que tiene por debajo. La tercera capa es una legible "
-"por máquinas, que vuelve sencillo que la Web sepa que un trabajo está "
-"licenciado bajo Creative Commons al expresar permisos en una forma que "
-"sistemas de software, motores de búsqueda y otros tipos de tecnología puedan "
-"entender.20 Tomadas en conjunto, estas tres capas asegura que creadores, "
-"usuarios e incluso la Web misma entiendan las normas y reglas asociadas con "
-"contenidos digitales en el procomún."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:756
+"reglas de cada licencia primero son expresadas en un lenguaje legal pleno "
+"como el que utilizan los abogados. Esta capa se llama el código legal. Pero "
+"como la mayoría de personas creadoras y usuarias no son abogados, esta "
+"licencia también tiene un título del procomún, que expresa los permisos en "
+"lenguaje simple que personas regulares pueden leer y entender rápidamente. "
+"Este actúa como una interfaz amistosa para el usuario de la capa del código "
+"legal subyacente. La tercera capa es una intelegible por computadoras, que "
+"facilita que la Web sepa que un trabajo está licenciado bajo Creative "
+"Commons al expresar permisos en una forma que sistemas de software, motores "
+"de búsqueda y otros tipos de tecnología puedan entender.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Tomadas en conjunto, estas tres capas aseguran que "
+"creadores, usuarios e incluso la Web misma entiendan las normas y reglas "
+"asociadas con contenidos digitales que forman parte del procomún."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1052
msgid ""
"In 2015, there were over one billion Creative Commons licensed works in a "
-"global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People "
-"are using Creative Commons licenses all around the world, in thirty-four "
+"global commons. These works were viewed online 136 billion times. People are "
+"using Creative Commons licenses all around the world, in thirty-four "
"languages. These resources include photos, artwork, research articles in "
"journals, educational resources, music and other audio tracks, and videos."
msgstr ""
-"En 2015, habían más de mil millones de trabajos licenciados bajo Creative "
+"En 2015, había más de mil millones de trabajos licenciados bajo Creative "
"Commons en un procomún global. Estos trabajos fueron vistos en lína 136 mil "
"millones de veces. Las personas están usando licencias Creative Commons "
-"alrededor de todo el mundo, en treinta y cuatro idiomas. Estos recursos "
-"incluyen fotos, trabajos artísticos, artículos de investigación en revistas, "
-"recursos educativos, música y otras pistas de audio y vídeos."
+"alrededor del mundo, en treinta y cuatro idiomas. Estos recursos incluyen "
+"fotos, trabajos artísticos, artículos de investigación en revistas, recursos "
+"educativos, música y otros tipos de audio y vídeos."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1065
+msgid ""
+"Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA: Creative "
+"Commons, 2015), <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative "
+"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:764
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1060
msgid ""
"Individual artists, photographers, musicians, and filmmakers use Creative "
"Commons, but so do museums, governments, creative industries, manufacturers, "
"and publishers. Millions of websites use CC licenses, including major "
-"platforms like Wikipedia and Flickr and smaller ones like blogs.21 Users of "
-"Creative Commons are diverse and cut across many different sectors. (Our "
-"case studies were chosen to reflect that diversity.)"
+"platforms like Wikipedia and Flickr and smaller ones like blogs.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Users of Creative Commons are diverse and cut "
+"across many different sectors. (Our case studies were chosen to reflect that "
+"diversity.)"
msgstr ""
"Artistas, fotógrafos, músicos y cineastas usan Creative Commons, pero "
"también lo hacen museos, gobiernos, industrias creativas, fabricantes y "
"editores. Millones de sitios web usan licencias CC, incluyendo importantes "
-"plataformas como Wikipedia y Flickr, y otras más pequeñas como blogs.21 Las "
-"personas usuarias de Creative Commons son diversas y abarcan muchos sectores "
-"diferentes. (Nuestros casos de estudio fueron escogidos para reflejar esa "
-"diversidad.)"
+"plataformas como Wikipedia y Flickr, y otras más pequeñas como blogs."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Las personas usuarias de Creative "
+"Commons son diversas y abarcan muchos sectores diferentes. (Nuestros casos "
+"de estudio fueron escogidos buscando reflejar esa diversidad.)"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:774
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1073
msgid ""
"Some see Creative Commons as a way to share a gift with others, a way of "
-"getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply "
+"getting known, or a way to provide social benefit. Others are simply "
"committed to the norms associated with a commons. And for some, "
"participation has been spurred by the free-culture movement, a social "
"movement that promotes the freedom to distribute and modify creative works. "
"estimulada por el movimiento de cultura libre, un movimiento social que "
"promueve la libertad de distribuir y modificar trabajos creativos. El "
"movimiento de cultura libre ve un procomún como algo que brinda beneficios "
-"significativos comparado con las leyes de derechos de autor. Este ethos del "
-"intercambio libre en un procomún alinea el movimiento de cultura libre con "
-"el movimiento del software libre y de código abierto."
+"significativos comparado con las leyes de derechos de autor. Este _ethos_ "
+"del intercambio libre en un procomún alínea al movimiento de cultura libre "
+"con el movimiento del software libre y de código abierto."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:780
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1085
msgid ""
"Over time, Creative Commons has spawned a range of open movements, including "
"open educational resources, open access, open science, and open data. The "
"permisos legales para que cualquier persona pueda accesar, usar y modificar "
"de forma libre."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:790
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1098
+msgid ""
+"Wikipedia, s.v. “Open Government Partnership,” last modified September 24, "
+"2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_Government_Partnership"
+"\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"Wikipedia, s.v. “Open Government Partnership,” última modificación el 24 de "
+"setiembre de 2016, <ulink url=\"http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/"
+"Open_Government_Partnership\"/>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1093
msgid ""
-"The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open "
+"The state is increasingly involved in supporting open movements. The Open "
"Government Partnership was launched in 2011 to provide an international "
"platform for governments to become more open, accountable, and responsive to "
"citizens. Since then, it has grown from eight participating countries to "
-"seventy.22 In all these countries, government and civil society are working "
-"together to develop and implement ambitious open-government reforms. "
-"Governments are increasingly adopting Creative Commons to ensure works "
-"funded with taxpayer dollars are open and free to the public that paid for "
-"them."
+"seventy.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In all these countries, "
+"government and civil society are working together to develop and implement "
+"ambitious open-government reforms. Governments are increasingly adopting "
+"Creative Commons to ensure works funded with taxpayer dollars are open and "
+"free to the public that paid for them."
msgstr ""
"El Estado está involucrándose cada vez más en apoyar los movimientos "
-"abiertos. El Open Government Partnership fue lanzado en 2011 para brindar "
-"una plataforma internacional para que los gobiernos se vuelvan más abiertos, "
-"que puedan rendir mejor sus cuentas y dar una respuesta más oportuna a sus "
-"ciudadanos. Desde entonces ha crecido de ocho países participantes a "
-"setenta. 22 En todos estos países, el gobierno y la sociedad civil están "
-"trabajando juntos para desarrollar e implementar reformas ambiciosas de "
-"gobierno abierto. Los gobiernos están adoptando Creative Commons cada vez "
-"más para asegurar que los trabajos financiados con dólares de los "
-"contribuyentes sean abiertos y libres para el público que pagó por estos."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:792
-msgid "### The Changing Market"
-msgstr "### El mercado cambiante"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:804
+"abiertos. La Asociación de Gobierno Abierto («Open Government Partnership») "
+"fue lanzada en 2011 para brindar una plataforma internacional para que los "
+"gobiernos se vuelvan más abiertos, que rindan mejor cuentas y den una "
+"respuesta más oportuna a sus ciudadanos. Desde entonces ha crecido de ocho "
+"países participantes a setenta.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> En "
+"todos estos países, el gobierno y la sociedad civil están trabajando juntos "
+"para desarrollar e implementar reformas ambiciosas de gobierno abierto. Los "
+"gobiernos están adoptando Creative Commons cada vez más para asegurar que "
+"los trabajos financiados con dinero de los contribuyentes sean abiertos y "
+"libres para el público que pagó por ellos."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1109
+msgid "The Changing Market"
+msgstr "El mercado cambiante"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1117
+msgid "Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114."
+msgstr "Capra y Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1125
+msgid "Ibid., 116."
+msgstr "Ibid., 116."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1111
msgid ""
"Today’s market is largely driven by global capitalism. Law and financial "
"systems are structured to support extraction, privatization, and corporate "
"growth. A perception that the market is more efficient than the state has "
"led to continual privatization of many public natural resources, utilities, "
-"services, and infrastructures.23 While this system has been highly efficient "
-"at generating consumerism and the growth of gross domestic product, the "
-"impact on human well-being has been mixed. Offsetting rising living "
-"standards and improvements to health and education are ever-increasing "
-"wealth inequality, social inequality, poverty, deterioration of our natural "
-"environment, and breakdowns of democracy.24"
+"services, and infrastructures.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"While this system has been highly efficient at generating consumerism and "
+"the growth of gross domestic product, the impact on human well-being has "
+"been mixed. Offsetting rising living standards and improvements to health "
+"and education are ever-increasing wealth inequality, social inequality, "
+"poverty, deterioration of our natural environment, and breakdowns of "
+"democracy.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
"El mercado de hoy está dirigido en gran parte por un capitalismo global. Los "
-"sistemas legales y financieros están estructurados para soportar la "
+"sistemas legales y financieros están estructurados para dar soporte a la "
"extracción, privatización y el crecimiento corporativo. Una percepción de "
"que el mercado es más eficiente que el Estado ha llevado a la continua "
"privatización de muchos recursos naturales, utilidades, servicios e "
-"infraestructuras públicas.23 Mientras este sistema ha sido altamente "
-"eficiente en generar consumismo y un crecimiento en el producto interno "
-"bruto, el impacto en el bienestar humano ha sido mixto. Contrarrestando los "
-"crecientes estándares de vida y las mejoras en salud y educación, están las "
-"siempre crecientes desigualdad social, pobreza, deterioro de nuestro "
-"ambiente natural y los rompimientos de la democracia.24"
+"infraestructura pública.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Mientras "
+"este sistema ha sido altamente eficiente para generar consumismo y un "
+"crecimiento en el producto interno bruto, el impacto en el bienestar humano "
+"ha sido mixto. Contrarrestando los crecientes estándares de vida y las "
+"mejoras en salud y educación, están las siempre crecientes desigualdad "
+"social, pobreza, deterioro de nuestro ambiente natural, y los rompimientos "
+"de la democracia.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1135
+msgid ""
+"The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, “Stockholm "
+"Statement” accessed February 15, 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida.se/"
+"globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"La Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, “Stockholm "
+"Statement” último acceso el 15 de febrero de 2017, <ulink url=\"http://sida."
+"se/globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:810
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1129
msgid ""
"In light of these challenges there is a growing recognition that GDP growth "
"should not be an end in itself, that development needs to be socially and "
"economically inclusive, that environmental sustainability is a requirement "
"not an option, and that we need to better balance the market, state and "
-"community.25"
+"community.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
"A la luz de estos retos hay un creciente reconocimiento de que el "
"crecimiento del PIB no debe ser un fin en si mismo, que el desarrollo "
"necesita ser inclusivo social y económicamente, que la sostenibilidad "
"ambiental es un requisito y no una opción, y que necesitamos balancear mejor "
-"el mercado, el Estado y la comunidad.25"
+"el mercado, el Estado y la comunidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/"
+">"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1146
+msgid ""
+"City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
+"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans. LabGov (LABoratory "
+"for the GOVernance of Commons) (Bologna, Italy: City of Bologna, 2014), "
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-"
+"Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-"
+"regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
+"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated por LabGov "
+"(LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons). Bologna, Italia: Ciudad de "
+"Boloña, 2014), <ulink url=\"http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/"
+"Bologna-Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-"
+"cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1156
+msgid ""
+"The Seoul Sharing City website is <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr\"/"
+">; for Amsterdam Sharing City, go to <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/"
+"amsterdam-sharing-city/\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"El sitio web de Seoul Sharing City es <ulink url=\"http://english.sharehub.kr"
+"\"/>; para Amsterdam Sharing City, vaya a <ulink url=\"http://www.sharenl.nl/"
+"amsterdam-sharing-city/\"/>."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:818
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1141
msgid ""
"These realizations have led to a resurgence of interest in the commons as a "
"means of enabling that balance. City governments like Bologna, Italy, are "
"collaborating with their citizens to put in place regulations for the care "
-"and regeneration of urban commons.26 Seoul and Amsterdam call themselves "
-"“sharing cities,” looking to make sustainable and more efficient use of "
-"scarce resources. They see sharing as a way to improve the use of public "
-"spaces, mobility, social cohesion, and safety.27"
+"and regeneration of urban commons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"Seoul and Amsterdam call themselves “sharing cities,” looking to make "
+"sustainable and more efficient use of scarce resources. They see sharing as "
+"a way to improve the use of public spaces, mobility, social cohesion, and "
+"safety.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Estas revelaciones ha llevado a un resurgimiento de interés en el procomún "
"como una forma de hacer posible ese balance. Gobiernos de ciudades como "
"Bolonia, Italia, están colaborando con sus ciudadanos para establecer "
-"regulaciones para el cuidado y regeneración del procomún urbano.26 Seúl y "
-"Amsterdam se llaman a si mismas «ciudades compartidas», buscando hacerse "
-"sostenibles y más eficientes en el uso de recursos escasos. Ellas ven el "
-"compartir como una forma de mejorar el uso de los espacios públicos, la "
-"movilidad, la cohesión social y la seguridada.27"
+"regulaciones para el cuidado y regeneración del procomún urbano.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Seúl y Amsterdam se llaman a si mismas "
+"«ciudades compartidas», buscando hacerse sostenibles y más eficientes en el "
+"uso de recursos escasos. Ellas ven el compartir como una forma de mejorar el "
+"uso de los espacios públicos, la movilidad, la cohesión social y la "
+"seguridad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1173
+msgid ""
+"Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New York: OR "
+"Books, 2015), 42."
+msgstr ""
+"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (Nueva York: OR "
+"Books, 2015), 42."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:835
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1163
msgid ""
"The market itself has taken an interest in the sharing economy, with "
"businesses like Airbnb providing a peer-to-peer marketplace for short-term "
-"lodging and Uber providing a platform for ride sharing. However, Airbnb and "
+"lodging and Uber providing a platform for ride sharing. However, Airbnb and "
"Uber are still largely operating under the usual norms and rules of the "
"market, making them less like a commons and more like a traditional business "
"seeking financial gain. Much of the sharing economy is not about the commons "
"or building an alternative to a corporate-driven market economy; it’s about "
-"extending the deregulated free market into new areas of our lives.28 While "
-"none of the people we interviewed for our case studies would describe "
-"themselves as part of the sharing economy, there are in fact some "
-"significant parallels. Both the sharing economy and the commons make better "
-"use of asset capacity. The sharing economy sees personal residents and cars "
-"as having latent spare capacity with rental value. The equitable access of "
-"the commons broadens and diversifies the number of people who can use and "
-"derive value from an asset."
+"extending the deregulated free market into new areas of our lives."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> While none of the people we "
+"interviewed for our case studies would describe themselves as part of the "
+"sharing economy, there are in fact some significant parallels. Both the "
+"sharing economy and the commons make better use of asset capacity. The "
+"sharing economy sees personal residents and cars as having latent spare "
+"capacity with rental value. The equitable access of the commons broadens and "
+"diversifies the number of people who can use and derive value from an asset."
msgstr ""
"El mercado por sí mismo ha tomado un interés en la economía compartida, con "
"negocios como Airbnb brindando un mercado de pares para alojamiento a corto "
"plazo, y Uber brindando una plataforma para viajes compartidos. Sin embargo, "
"Airbnb y Uber aún operan mayoritariamente bajo las normas y reglas usuales "
"del mercado, haciéndolas menos como un procomún y más como un negocio "
-"tradicional que busca ganancias financieras. Mucho de la economía compartida "
-"no es sobre el procomún o sobre construir una alternativa a la economía de "
-"mercado dirigida por corporaciones; es sobre extender el libre mercado "
-"desregulado hacia nuevas áreas de nuestras vidas.28 Aunque ninguna de las "
-"personas que entrevistamos en nuestros casos de estudio se describirían a "
-"ellas mismas como parte de una economía compartida, de hecho hay algunos "
-"paralelismos importantes. Tanto la economía compartida como en el procomún "
-"hacen un mejor uso de la capacidad de activos. La economía compartida ve a "
-"personas residentes y carros como algo que tiene una capacidad latente "
-"sobrante con valor para alquiler. El acceso equitativo del procomún amplía y "
-"diversifica el número de personas que pueden usar y derivar valor de un "
-"activo."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:845
+"tradicional que busca ganancias financieras. En buena medida, la economía "
+"compartida no se trata del procomún o sobre construir una alternativa a la "
+"economía de mercado dirigida por corporaciones, sino que de extender el "
+"libre mercado desregulado hacia nuevas áreas de nuestras vidas.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Aunque ninguna de las personas que "
+"entrevistamos en nuestros casos de estudio se describirían a ellas mismas "
+"como parte de una economía compartida, de hecho hay algunos paralelismos "
+"importantes. Tanto la economía compartida como en el procomún hacen un mejor "
+"uso de la capacidad de activos. La economía compartida ve a las residencias "
+"peronales y autos como algo que tiene una capacidad latente sobrante con "
+"valor para alquiler. El acceso equitativo del procomún amplía y diversifica "
+"el número de personas que pueden usar y derivar valor de un activo."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1195
+msgid ""
+"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
+"Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York: Hyperion, "
+"2010), 78."
+msgstr ""
+"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
+"Something for Nothing. Nueva impresión con un nuevo prefacio. (New York: "
+"Hyperion, 2010), 78."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1185
msgid ""
"One way Made with Creative Commons case studies differ from those of the "
"sharing economy is their focus on digital resources. Digital resources "
"function under different economic rules than physical ones. In a world where "
-"prices always seem to go up, information technology is an anomaly. Computer-"
+"prices always seem to go up, information technology is an anomaly. Computer-"
"processing power, storage, and bandwidth are all rapidly increasing, but "
-"rather than costs going up, costs are coming down. Digital technologies are "
+"rather than costs going up, costs are coming down. Digital technologies are "
"getting faster, better, and cheaper. The cost of anything built on these "
-"technologies will always go down until it is close to zero.29"
+"technologies will always go down until it is close to zero.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
-"Una forma en la que los casos de estudio de Hecho con Creative Commons se "
+"Una forma en la que los casos de estudio de _Hecho con Creative Commons_ se "
"diferencian de aquellos de la economía compartida es en su enfoque en los "
"recursos digitales. Los recursos digitales funcionan bajo reglas económicas "
"diferentes a las físicas. En un mundo en el que los precios siempre parecen "
"subir, la tecnología de la información es una anomalía. El poder de "
"procesamiento computacional, almacenamiento y ancho de banda están "
"incrementando de forma acelerada, pero en lugar de que los costos suban, "
-"estos están bajando. Las tecnologías digitales se están volviendo más "
-"rápidas, mejores y más baratas. El costo de cualquier cosa que se construya "
-"sobre estas tecnologías siempre va a ir hacia abajo hasta que se acerque a "
-"cero.29"
+"éstos están bajando. Las tecnologías digitales se están volviendo más "
+"rápidas, mejores y más baratas. Los costos de cualquier cosa que se "
+"construya sobre estas tecnologías siempre van a bajar hasta que se acerquen "
+"a cero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:856
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1201
msgid ""
"Those that are Made with Creative Commons are looking to leverage the unique "
"inherent characteristics of digital resources, including lowering costs. The "
"Creative Commons licenses are used to put digital content out in the "
"commons, taking advantage of the unique economics associated with being "
"digital. The aim is to see digital resources used as widely and by as many "
-"people as possible. Maximizing access and participation is a common goal. "
+"people as possible. Maximizing access and participation is a common goal. "
"They aim for abundance over scarcity."
msgstr ""
-"Los que están Hechos con Creative Commons están buscando apalancarse con las "
-"características inherentes únicas de los recursos digitales, incluyendo la "
-"reducción de costos. El uso de tecnologías de gestión de derechos digitales "
-"en forma de bloqueos, contraseñas y controles que previenen que los bienes "
-"digitales sean accesados, cambiados, replicados y distribuidos es mínimo o "
-"inexistente. En su lugar, las licencias de Creative Commons son usadas para "
-"sacar contenidos digitales al procomún, tomando ventaja de las "
-"características económicas únicas asociadas con ser digital. El propósito es "
+"Los que están _Hechos con Creative Commons_ están buscando apalancarse con "
+"las características inherentes únicas de los recursos digitales, incluyendo "
+"la reducción de costos. El uso de tecnologías de gestión de derechos "
+"digitales en forma de bloqueos, contraseñas y controles que previenen que "
+"los bienes digitales sean accesados, cambiados, replicados y distribuidos es "
+"mínimo o inexistente. En su lugar, las licencias de Creative Commons son "
+"usadas para llevar contenidos digitales al procomún, tomando ventaja de las "
+"características económicas únicas derivadas del ser digital. El propósito es "
"ver que los recursos digitales sean usados tan ampliamente y por tantas "
-"personas como sea posible. Maximizar el acceso y la participación es un "
-"objetivo común. El propósito es la abundancia sobre la escasez."
+"personas como sea posible. Maximizar el acceso y la participación son "
+"objetivos comunes. El propósito es la abundancia sobre la escasez."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1220
+msgid ""
+"Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
+"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (New York: Palgrave "
+"Macmillan, 2014), 273."
+msgstr ""
+"Jeremy Rifkin. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
+"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism (Nueva York: Palgrave "
+"Macmillan, 2014) , 273."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:863
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1215
msgid ""
"The incremental cost of storing, copying, and distributing digital goods is "
"next to zero, making abundance possible. But imagining a market based on "
"abundance rather than scarcity is so alien to the way we conceive of "
-"economic theory and practice that we struggle to do so.30 Those that are "
-"Made with Creative Commons are each pioneering in this new landscape, "
-"devising their own economic models and practice."
+"economic theory and practice that we struggle to do so.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Those that are Made with Creative Commons are each "
+"pioneering in this new landscape, devising their own economic models and "
+"practice."
msgstr ""
"El costo incremental de almacenar, copiar y distribuir bienes digitales es "
"cercano a cero, lo que hace la abundancia posible. Pero imaginar un mercado "
"basado en la abundancia en lugar de en la escasez es tan extraño para la "
-"forma en que concebimos la teoría y la práctica económica que cuesta "
-"hacerlo.30 Los que están Hechos con Creative Commons son cada uno pioneros "
-"en este nuevo paisaje, ideando sus propios modelos y prácticas económicas."
+"forma en que concebimos la teoría y la práctica económica que cuesta hacerlo."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Los que están _Hechos con Creative "
+"Commons_ son cada uno pioneros en este nuevo paisaje, ideando sus propios "
+"modelos y prácticas económicas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:869
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1228
msgid ""
"Some are looking to minimize their interactions with the market and operate "
"as autonomously as possible. Others are operating largely as a business "
"E incluso otras están buscando cambiar las normas y reglas bajo las cuales "
"opera el mercado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:880
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1242
+msgid ""
+"Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
+"Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
+"from the Ground Up (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013), 39."
+msgstr ""
+"Gar Alperovitz. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
+"Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
+"from the Ground Up (White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013), 39."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1251
+msgid ""
+"Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
+"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9."
+msgstr ""
+"Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
+"Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1235
msgid ""
"For an ordinary corporation, making social benefit a part of its operations "
"is difficult, as it’s legally required to make decisions that financially "
"benefit stockholders. But new forms of business are emerging. There are "
"benefit corporations and social enterprises, which broaden their business "
"goals from making a profit to making a positive impact on society, workers, "
-"the community, and the environment.31 Community-owned businesses, worker-"
-"owned businesses, cooperatives, guilds, and other organizational forms offer "
-"alternatives to the traditional corporation. Collectively, these alternative "
-"market entities are changing the rules and norms of the market.32"
+"the community, and the environment.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"Community-owned businesses, worker-owned businesses, cooperatives, guilds, "
+"and other organizational forms offer alternatives to the traditional "
+"corporation. Collectively, these alternative market entities are changing "
+"the rules and norms of the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Para una corporación ordinaria, crear beneficio social como parte de sus "
-"operaciones es difícil, y es un requisito legal tomar decisiones que "
-"beneficien financieramente a sus accionistas. Pero nuevas formas de negocios "
-"están emergiendo. Estas son corporaciones de beneficios y empresas sociales, "
-"que amplían sus objetivos de negocios de generar ingresos a hacer un impacto "
-"positivo en la sociedad, trabajadores, la comunidad y el ambiente.31 Los "
-"negocios que son propiedad de la comunidad, propiedad de trabajadores, "
-"cooperativas, gremios, y otras formas organizacionales ofrecen alternativas "
-"a la corporación tradicional. De forma colectiva, estas entidades "
-"alternativas de mercado están cambiando las reglas y normas del mercado.32"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:887
+"operaciones es difícil, al tiempo que es un requisito legal tomar decisiones "
+"que beneficien financieramente a sus accionistas. Pero están emergiendo "
+"nuevas formas de negocios. Existen las corporaciones de beneficencia y las "
+"empresas sociales, que amplían sus objetivos de negocios de generar ingresos "
+"a hacer un impacto positivo en la sociedad, trabajadores, la comunidad y el "
+"ambiente.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Los negocios que son "
+"propiedad de la comunidad, propiedad de trabajadores, cooperativas, gremios, "
+"y otras formas organizacionales ofrecen alternativas a la corporación "
+"tradicional. De forma colectiva, estas entidades alternativas de mercado "
+"están cambiando las reglas y normas del mercado.<placeholder type=\"footnote"
+"\" id=\"1\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1264
+msgid ""
+"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
+"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is available at <ulink url="
+"\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"Alex Osterwalder e Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
+"John Wiley and Sons, 2010). Puede consultarse una previsualización del libro "
+"en <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1257
msgid ""
"“A book on open business models” is how we described it in this book’s "
"Kickstarter campaign. We used a handbook called Business Model Generation as "
-"our reference for defining just what a business model is. Developed over "
+"our reference for defining just what a business model is. Developed over "
"nine years using an “open process” involving 470 coauthors from forty-five "
-"countries, it is useful as a framework for talking about business models.33"
-msgstr ""
-"«Un libro acerca de modelos de negocios abiertos es como lo describimos en "
-"la campaña de Kickstarter para este libro. Usamos un manual llamado "
-"Generación de Modelos de Negocio como nuestra referencia para definir justo "
-"lo que es un modelo de negocios. Desarrollado a lo largo de nueve años "
-"usando un «proceso abierto» que invlucró 470 coautores de cuarenta y cinco "
-"países, este es marco de referencia útil acerca de modelos de negocios.33"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:896
+"countries, it is useful as a framework for talking about business models."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"«Un libro acerca de modelos abiertos de negocio» es lo que describimos en la "
+"campaña de Kickstarter para este libro. Utilizamos un manual llamado "
+"_Generación de Modelos de Negocio_ como nuestra referencia para definir "
+"precisamente qué es un modelo de negocios. Desarrollado a lo largo de nueve "
+"años usando un «proceso abierto» que invlucró 470 coautores de cuarenta y "
+"cinco países, es un marco de referencia útil acerca de los modelos de "
+"negocios.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1273
+msgid ""
+"This business model canvas is available to download at <ulink url=\"http://"
+"strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"El lienzo de modelo de negocio está disponible para descarga en <ulink url="
+"\"http://strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas\"/>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1281
+msgid ""
+"We’ve made the “Open Business Model Canvas,” designed by the coauthor Paul "
+"Stacey, available online at <ulink url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/"
+"d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit\"/>. You can also find "
+"the accompanying Open Business Model Canvas Questions at <ulink url=\"http://"
+"docs.google.com/drawings/d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit"
+"\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"Hemos puesto el “Lienzo de modelo de negocio abierto,” diseñado por el "
+"coautor Paul Stacey, disponible en línea en <ulink url=\"http://docs.google."
+"com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit\"/>. Puede "
+"encontrar las Preguntas del lienzo de modelo de negocio abierto que lo "
+"acompañan en <ulink url=\"http://docs.google.com/drawings/"
+"d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit\"/>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1271
msgid ""
"It contains a “business model canvas,” which conceives of a business model "
-"as having nine building blocks.34 This blank canvas can serve as a tool for "
-"anyone to design their own business model. We remixed this business model "
-"canvas into an open business model canvas, adding three more building blocks "
-"relevant to hybrid market, commons enterprises: social good, Creative "
-"Commons license, and “type of open environment that the business fits in.”35 "
-"This enhanced canvas proved useful when we analyzed businesses and helped "
-"start-ups plan their economic model."
-msgstr ""
-"Este contiene un «lienzo de modelo de negocios,» que concibe un modelo de "
-"negocios como algo que tiene nueve bloques de construcción.34 Este lienzo en "
-"blanco puede servir como una herramienta para que cualquier persona diseñe "
-"su propio modelo de negocios. Nosotros remezclamos este lienzo de modelo de "
-"negocios en un lienzo de modelo de negocios abierto, agregando tres bloques "
-"de construcción más, relevantes para empresas del procomún en el mercado "
-"híbrido: bien social, licencia Creative Commons, y «tipo de ambiente abierto "
-"en el que el negocio encaja.»35 Este lienzo mejorado probó ser útil cuando "
+"as having nine building blocks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"This blank canvas can serve as a tool for anyone to design their own "
+"business model. We remixed this business model canvas into an open business "
+"model canvas, adding three more building blocks relevant to hybrid market, "
+"commons enterprises: social good, Creative Commons license, and “type of "
+"open environment that the business fits in.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
+"id=\"1\"/> This enhanced canvas proved useful when we analyzed businesses "
+"and helped start-ups plan their economic model."
+msgstr ""
+"Contiene un «lienzo de modelo de negocios,» que concibe un modelo de "
+"negocios como algo que tiene nueve bloques de construcción.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Este lienzo en blanco puede servir como una "
+"herramienta para que cualquier persona diseñe su propio modelo de negocios. "
+"Nosotros lo remezclamos en un lienzo de modelo de negocios abierto, "
+"agregando tres bloques de construcción más, relevantes para empresas del "
+"procomún en el mercado híbrido: Bien social, licencia Creative Commons, y "
+"«tipo de ambiente abierto en el que el negocio encaja.»<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Este lienzo mejorado demostró ser útil cuando "
"analizamos los negocios y ayudamos a las empresas de nueva creación a "
"planear su modelo económico."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:907
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1291
msgid ""
"In our case study interviews, many expressed discomfort over describing "
"themselves as an open business model—the term business model suggested "
-"primarily being situated in the market. Where you sit on the commons-to-"
+"primarily being situated in the market. Where you sit on the commons-to-"
"market spectrum affects the extent to which you see yourself as a business "
-"in the market. The more central to the mission shared resources and commons "
+"in the market. The more central to the mission shared resources and commons "
"values are, the less comfort there is in describing yourself, or depicting "
"what you do, as a business. Not all who have endeavors Made with Creative "
"Commons use business speak; for some the process has been experimental, "
"emergent, and organic rather than carefully planned using a predefined model."
msgstr ""
-"En nuestras entrevistas de estudio de caso, muchas personas expresaron "
-"incomodidad al describirse a sí mismas como un modelo de negocios abierto—el "
-"término modelo de negocios sugería estar principalmente situadas en el "
-"mercado. En dónde usted se sienta en el espectro de procomún-al-mercado "
-"afecta la extensión en la cuál usted se ve a sí mismo en el mercado. Entre "
-"más central para la misión sean los valores de recursos compartidos y el "
-"procomún, menos comodidad habrá al describirse a usted mismo, o describir lo "
-"que hace, como un negocio. No todas las personas que tienen esfuerzos Hechos "
-"con Creative Commons usan palabras de negocios; para algunas el proceso ha "
-"sido experimental, emergente y orgánico, en lugar de ser planeado "
+"En nuestras entrevistas a los casos de estudio, muchas personas expresaron "
+"incomodidad al describirse a sí mismas como un modelo de negocios abierto —"
+"el término _modelo de negocios_ sugería estar principalmente situadas en el "
+"mercado. En dónde cada quién se siente en el espectro que va entre el "
+"procomún y el mercado afecta hasta dónde se ve a sí mismo en el mercado. "
+"Entre más central para la misión sean los valores de recursos compartidos y "
+"el procomún, menos comodidad habrá al autodescribirse, o describir lo que "
+"hace, como un negocio. No todas las personas que tienen esfuerzos _Hechos "
+"con Creative Commons_ usan un lenguaje de negocios; para algunas el proceso "
+"ha sido experimental, emergente y orgánico, en lugar de ser planeado "
"cuidadosamente usando un modelo predefinido."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:918
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1312
+msgid ""
+"A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this post I "
+"wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. “What Is an Open Business Model and How "
+"Can You Generate Revenue?”, available at <ulink url=\"http://medium.com/made-"
+"with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-"
+"generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"En la columna que publiqué en Medium el 6 de marzo de 2016, ”¿Qué es un "
+"modelo de negocios abierto y cómo puedes generar ganancias?”, se presenta "
+"una lista más comprehensiva de diferentes maneras de obtener ganancias. Está "
+"disponible en <ulink url=\"http://medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-"
+"is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15\"/>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1304
msgid ""
"The creators, businesses, and organizations we profile all engage with the "
"market to generate revenue in some way. The ways in which this is done vary "
"physical for a fee,” crowdfunding, matchmaking, value-add services, "
"patrons . . . the list goes on and on. (Initial description of how to earn "
"revenue available through reference note. For latest thinking see How to "
-"Bring In Money in the next section.) 36 There is no single magic bullet, and "
-"each endeavor has devised ways that work for them. Most make use of more "
-"than one way. Diversifying revenue streams lowers risk and provides multiple "
-"paths to sustainability."
-msgstr ""
-"Las personas creadoras, los negocios y las organizaciones que perfilamos, "
-"todas participan en el mercado para generar ingresos de alguna forma. Las "
-"formas en als que esto se hace varían enormemente. Donaciones, pague lo que "
-"guste, membresías, «digital gratuito pero físico por un precio,» "
-"financiamiento colectivo, emparejamiento, servicios de valor agregado, "
-"mecenas… la lista sigue y sigue. (Una descripción inicial de cómo ganar "
-"ingresos está disponible a través de una nota de referencia. Para las ideas "
-"más recientes vea Cómo traer dinero en la siguiente sección.) 36 No hay una "
-"única fórmula mágica, y cada esfuerzo ha ideado formas que les funcionan. "
-"Muchos hacen uso de más de una forma. Diversificar los flujos de ingresos "
-"reduce el riesgo y brinda múltiples rutas hacia la sostenibilidad."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:920
-msgid "### Benefits of the Digital Commons"
-msgstr "### Beneficios del procomún digital"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:925
+"Bring In Money in the next section.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/"
+"> There is no single magic bullet, and each endeavor has devised ways that "
+"work for them. Most make use of more than one way. Diversifying revenue "
+"streams lowers risk and provides multiple paths to sustainability."
+msgstr ""
+"Los creadores, negocios y organizaciones que perfilamos, participan en el "
+"mercado para generar ingresos de alguna forma. Las formas en las que esto se "
+"hace varían enormemente. Donaciones, pague lo que guste, membresías, «"
+"digital gratuito pero físico por un precio,» financiamiento colectivo, "
+"emparejamiento, servicios de valor agregado, mecenas… la lista sigue y "
+"sigue. (Una descripción inicial de cómo ganar ingresos está disponible a "
+"través de una nota de referencia. Para las ideas más recientes, sugerimos "
+"referirse a _Cómo atraer dinero_ en la siguiente sección).<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> No hay una única fórmula mágica, y cada esfuerzo ha "
+"ideado mecanismos que les funcionan. Muchos utilizan más de uno de dichos "
+"mecanismos. Diversificar los flujos de ingresos reduce el riesgo y ofrece "
+"múltiples caminos hacia la sostenibilidad."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1324
+msgid "Benefits of the Digital Commons"
+msgstr "Beneficios del procomún digital"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1326
msgid ""
"While it may be clear why commons-based organizations want to interact and "
"engage with the market (they need money to survive), it may be less obvious "
"para sobrevivir), puede ser menos obvio por qué el mercado podría "
"involucrarse con el procomún. El procomún digital ofrece muchos beneficios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:932
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1332
msgid ""
"The commons speeds dissemination. The free flow of resources in the commons "
"offers tremendous economies of scale. Distribution is decentralized, with "
"con Creative Commons tienen una necesidad reducida de ventas o mercadeo. La "
"distribución descentralizada amplifica el suministro y la experiencia."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:943
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1341
msgid ""
"The commons ensures access to all. The market has traditionally operated by "
"putting resources behind a paywall requiring payment first before access. "
"The commons puts resources in the open, providing access up front without "
"payment. Those that are Made with Creative Commons make little or no use of "
-"digital rights management (DRM) to manage resources. Not using DRM frees "
+"digital rights management (DRM) to manage resources. Not using DRM frees "
"them of the costs of acquiring DRM technology and staff resources to engage "
"in the punitive practices associated with restricting access. The way the "
"commons provides access to everyone levels the playing field and promotes "
"las personas nivela el campo de juego y promueve la inclusividad, equidad y "
"justicia."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:954
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1354
msgid ""
"The commons maximizes participation. Resources in the commons can be used "
"and contributed to by everyone. Using the resources of others, contributing "
"your own, and mixing yours with others to create new works are all dynamic "
-"forms of participation made possible by the commons. Being Made with "
+"forms of participation made possible by the commons. Being Made with "
"Creative Commons means you’re engaging as many users with your resources as "
-"possible. Users are also authoring, editing, remixing, curating, localizing, "
-"translating, and distributing. The commons makes it possible for people to "
-"directly participate in culture, knowledge building, and even democracy, and "
-"many other socially beneficial practices."
+"possible. Users are also authoring, editing, remixing, curating, "
+"localizing, translating, and distributing. The commons makes it possible for "
+"people to directly participate in culture, knowledge building, and even "
+"democracy, and many other socially beneficial practices."
msgstr ""
"El procomún maximiza la participación. Los recursos en el procomún pueden "
"ser usados por todas las personas, y estas pueden contribuir. Usar los "
"cultura y conocimiento, e incluso en la democracia y muchas otras practicas "
"que benefician a la sociedad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:966
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1376
+msgid ""
+"Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and "
+"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–"
+"44."
+msgstr ""
+"Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and "
+"Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006), 31–"
+"44."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1367
msgid ""
"The commons spurs innovation. Resources in the hands of more people who can "
"use them leads to new ideas. The way commons resources can be modified, "
"customized, and improved results in derivative works never imagined by the "
"original creator. Some endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons "
"deliberately encourage users to take the resources being shared and innovate "
-"them. Doing so moves research and development (R&D) from being solely inside "
-"the organization to being in the community.37 Community-based innovation "
-"will keep an organization or business on its toes. It must continue to "
-"contribute new ideas, absorb and build on top of the innovations of others, "
-"and steward the resources and the relationship with the community."
+"them. Doing so moves research and development (R&D) from being solely "
+"inside the organization to being in the community.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Community-based innovation will keep an organization "
+"or business on its toes. It must continue to contribute new ideas, absorb "
+"and build on top of the innovations of others, and steward the resources and "
+"the relationship with the community."
msgstr ""
"El procomún estimula la innovación. Los recursos en manos de más personas "
"que los pueden usar llevan a nuevas ideas. La forma en que los recursos del "
"esfuerzos que están Hechos con Creative Commons, de forma deliberada "
"promueven que las personas usuarias tomen los recursos que están siendo "
"compartidos, e innovar con estos. Hacer esto mueve la investigación y "
-"desarrollo (I&D) de estar únicamente dentro de la organización a estar en la "
-"acomunidad.37 La innovación basada en la comunidad mantendrá una "
-"organización o negocio alerta. Esta debe continuar contribuyendo nuevas "
-"ideas, absorbiendo y construyendo sobre las innovaciones de otras personas, "
-"y supervisar los recursos y la relación con la comunidad."
+"desarrollo (I&D) de estar únicamente dentro de la organización a estar "
+"en la comunidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> La innovación "
+"basada en la comunidad mantendrá una organización o negocio alerta. Esta "
+"debe continuar contribuyendo nuevas ideas, absorbiendo y construyendo sobre "
+"las innovaciones de otras personas, y supervisar los recursos y la relación "
+"con la comunidad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:976
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1385
msgid ""
-"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. "
+"The commons boosts reach and impact. The digital commons is global. "
"Resources may be created for a local or regional need, but they go far and "
"wide generating a global impact. In the digital world, there are no borders "
"between countries. When you are Made with Creative Commons, you are often "
"El procomún impulsa el alcance e impacto. El procomún digital es global. Los "
"recursos pueden ser creados por una necesidad local o regional, pero van por "
"todas partes generando un impacto global. En el mundo digital, no hay "
-"fronteras entre países. Cuando algo es Hecho con Creative Commons, por lo "
+"fronteras entre países. Cuando algo es _Hecho con Creative Commons_, por lo "
"general es local y global al mismo tiempo: Diseños digitales siendo "
"distribuidos globalmente pero manufacturados localmente. Libros o música "
"digital siendo distribuida globalmente, pero lecturas y conciertos "
"personas creadoras con quienes usan y construyen sobre su trabajo tanto "
"local como globalmente."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:988
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1398
msgid ""
"The commons is generative. Instead of extracting value, the commons adds "
"value. Digitized resources persist without becoming depleted, and through "
"commons generates value for a broader range of beneficiaries including the "
"business, the customer, the creator, the public, and the commons itself. The "
"generative nature of the commons means that it is more cost-effective and "
-"produces a greater return on investment. Value is not just measured in "
+"produces a greater return on investment. Value is not just measured in "
"financial terms. Each new resource added to the commons provides value to "
"the public and contributes to the overall value of the commons."
msgstr ""
"términos financieros. Cada nuevo recurso agregado al procomún brinda valor "
"al público y contribuye al valor del procomún en su totalidad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1001
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1412
msgid ""
"The commons brings people together for a common cause. The commons vests "
"people directly with the responsibility to manage the resources for the "
"common good. The costs and benefits for the individual are balanced with the "
-"costs and benefits for the community and for future generations. Resources "
+"costs and benefits for the community and for future generations. Resources "
"are not anonymous or mass produced. Their provenance is known and "
"acknowledged through attribution and other means. Those that are Made with "
"Creative Commons generate awareness and reputation based on their "
"contributions to the commons. The reach, impact, and sustainability of those "
"contributions rest largely on their ability to forge relationships and "
-"connections with those who use and improve them. By functioning on the "
-"basis of social engagement, not monetary exchange, the commons unifies "
-"people."
+"connections with those who use and improve them. By functioning on the basis "
+"of social engagement, not monetary exchange, the commons unifies people."
msgstr ""
"El procomún reúne a las personas en una causa común. El procomún confiere a "
"las personas directamente la responsabilidad de gestionar los recursos por "
"base de un compromiso social, no en un intercambio monetario, el procomún "
"unifica a las personas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1006
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1427
msgid ""
"The benefits of the commons are many. When these benefits align with the "
"goals of individuals, communities, businesses in the market, or state "
"del Estado, escoger la gestión de recursos como un procomún debe ser la "
"opción favorecida."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1008
-msgid "### Our Case Studies"
-msgstr "### Nuestros casos de estudio"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1434
+msgid "Our Case Studies"
+msgstr "Nuestros casos de estudio"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1017
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1436
msgid ""
"The creators, organizations, and businesses in our case studies operate as "
-"nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal status, "
-"they all have a social mission. Their primary reason for being is to make "
-"the world a better place, not to profit. Money is a means to a social end, "
-"not the end itself. They factor public interest into decisions, behavior, "
-"and practices. Transparency and trust are really important. Impact and "
-"success are measured against social aims expressed in mission statements, "
-"and are not just about the financial bottom line."
+"nonprofits, for-profits, and social enterprises. Regardless of legal "
+"status, they all have a social mission. Their primary reason for being is "
+"to make the world a better place, not to profit. Money is a means to a "
+"social end, not the end itself. They factor public interest into decisions, "
+"behavior, and practices. Transparency and trust are really important. Impact "
+"and success are measured against social aims expressed in mission "
+"statements, and are not just about the financial bottom line."
msgstr ""
"Las personas creadoras, organizaciones y negocios de nuestros casos de "
"estudio operan sin fines de lucro, con fines de lucro y como empresas "
"la declaraciones de misión, y no son sólo acerca del resultado financiero "
"final."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1023
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1448
msgid ""
"The case studies are based on the narratives told to us by founders and key "
"staff. Instead of solely using financials as the measure of success and "
"sustainability, they emphasized their mission, practices, and means by which "
-"they measure success. Metrics of success are a blend of how social goals are "
-"being met and how sustainable the enterprise is."
+"they measure success. Metrics of success are a blend of how social goals "
+"are being met and how sustainable the enterprise is."
msgstr ""
"Los casos de estudios están basados en las narrativas que nos contaron las y "
"los fundadores y el personal clave. En lugar de únicamente usar las finanzas "
"una mezcla de cómo los objetivos sociales se están cumpliendo y qué tan "
"sostenible es la empresa."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1031
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1456
msgid ""
"Our case studies are diverse, ranging from publishing to education and "
"manufacturing. All of the organizations, businesses, and creators in the "
"gráficos y vídeo. Algunos son representaciones digitales de recursos "
"físicos. Otros nacen digitales pero pueden convertirse en recursos físicos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1038
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1466
msgid ""
"They are creating new resources, or using the resources of others, or mixing "
"existing resources together to make something new. They, and their audience, "
"participación es abierta a todas las personas sin importar los medios "
"monetarios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1043
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1474
msgid ""
"And as users of Creative Commons licenses, they are automatically part of a "
"global community. The new digital commons is global. Those we profiled come "
"global. Quienes perfilamos provienen de casi cada continente del mundo. "
"Construir e interactuar en esta comunidad global conduce al éxito."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1054
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1481
msgid ""
"Creative Commons licenses may express legal rules around the use of "
"resources in a commons, but success in the commons requires more than "
"of beliefs, values, and principles that underlie their actions: Give more "
"than you take. Be open and inclusive. Add value. Make visible what you are "
"using from the commons, what you are adding, and what you are monetizing. "
-"Maximize abundance. Give attribution. Express gratitude. Develop trust; "
+"Maximize abundance. Give attribution. Express gratitude. Develop trust; "
"don’t exploit. Build relationship and community. Be transparent. Defend the "
"commons."
msgstr ""
"explotar. Construir relación y comunidad. Ser transparente. Defender el "
"procomún."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1061
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1494
msgid ""
"The new digital commons is here to stay. Made With Creative Commons case "
"studies show how it’s possible to be part of this commons while still "
-"functioning within market and state systems. The commons generates benefits "
+"functioning within market and state systems. The commons generates benefits "
"neither the market nor state can achieve on their own. Rather than the "
"market or state dominating as primary means of resource management, a more "
"balanced alternative is possible."
msgstr ""
"El nuevo procomún digital está aquí para quedarse. Los casos de estudio de "
-"Hecho con Creative Commons muestran cómo es posible ser parte de este "
+"_Hecho con Creative Commons_ muestran cómo es posible ser parte de este "
"procomún, mientras aún se funciona dentro de los sistemas del mercado y el "
"Estado. El procomún genera beneficios que ni el mercado ni el Estado pueden "
"alcanzar por sí mismos. En lugar de que el mercado o el Estado dominen como "
"principales medios de gestión de recursos, una alternativa más balanceada es "
"posible."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1068
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1503
msgid ""
"Enterprise use of Creative Commons has only just begun. The case studies in "
"this book are merely starting points. Each is changing and evolving over "
"digital. Las secciones que quedan van más profundo para brindar una guía e "
"ideas de cómo trabaja."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1070
-msgid "### Notes"
-msgstr "### Notas"
-
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
-msgid ""
-"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
-msgstr ""
-"Jonathan Rowe, Our Common Wealth (San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013), 14."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
-msgid ""
-"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
-"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
-msgstr ""
-"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
-"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 176."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
-msgid "Ibid., 15."
-msgstr "Ibid., 15."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
-msgid "Ibid., 145."
-msgstr "Ibid., 145."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
-msgid "Ibid., 175."
-msgstr "Ibid., 175."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '6. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
-msgid ""
-"Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural "
-"Commons for the Knowledge Commons,” in Governing Knowledge Commons, eds. "
-"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg (New "
-"York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53."
-msgstr ""
-"Daniel H. Cole, “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural "
-"Commons for the Knowledge Commons,” en Governing Knowledge Commons, eds. "
-"Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, y Katherine J. Strandburg (New "
-"York: Oxford University Press, 2014), 53."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '7. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
-msgid ""
-"Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
-"and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93."
-msgstr ""
-"Max Haiven, Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
-"and the Commons (New York: Zed Books, 2014), 93."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '8. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
-msgid ""
-"Cole, “Learning from Lin,” in Frischmann, Madison, and Strandburg, Governing "
-"Knowledge Commons, 59."
-msgstr ""
-"Cole, “Learning from Lin,” en Frischmann, Madison, y Strandburg, Governing "
-"Knowledge Commons, 59."
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1514
+msgid "How to Be Made with Creative Commons"
+msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1170
-#, no-wrap
-msgid ""
-"9. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175.\n"
-"10. Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, “The Economics of Information in\n"
-" a Post-Carbon Economy,” in Free Knowledge: Confronting the\n"
-" Commodification of Human Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott and\n"
-" Daryl H. Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press, 2015),\n"
-" 201–4.\n"
-"11. Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the\n"
-" Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola\n"
-" Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 42–43.\n"
-"12. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78.\n"
-"13. Fritjof Capra and Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal\n"
-" System in Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA:\n"
-" Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; and Bollier, Think Like a\n"
-" Commoner, 88.\n"
-"14. Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J.\n"
-" Strandburg, “Governing Knowledge Commons,” in Frischmann, Madison,\n"
-" and Strandburg Governing Knowledge Commons, 12.\n"
-"15. Farley and Kubiszewski, “Economics of Information,” in Elliott and\n"
-" Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203.\n"
-"16. “What Is Free Software?” GNU Operating System, the Free Software\n"
-" Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accessed December 30,\n"
-" 2016, www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.\n"
-"17. Wikipedia, s.v. “Open-source software,” last modified November\n"
-" 22, 2016.\n"
-"18. Eric S. Raymond, “The Magic Cauldron,” in The Cathedral and the\n"
-" Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental\n"
-" Revolutionary, rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, 2001),\n"
-" www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/.\n"
-"19. New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing:\n"
-" Why Do People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer\n"
-" Insight Group, 2011), www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf.\n"
-"20. “Licensing Considerations,” Creative Commons, accessed December 30,\n"
-" 2016, creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-considerations/.\n"
-"21. Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA:\n"
-" Creative Commons, 2015), stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/.\n"
-"22. Wikipedia, s.v. “Open Government Partnership,” last modified\n"
-" September 24, 2016,\n"
-" en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open\\_Government\\_Partnership.\n"
-"23. Capra and Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114.\n"
-"24. Ibid., 116.\n"
-"25. The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, “Stockholm\n"
-" Statement” accessed February 15, 2017,\n"
-" sida.se/globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\n"
-"26. City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and\n"
-" the City for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans.\n"
-" LabGov (LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons) (Bologna, Italy:\n"
-" City of Bologna, 2014),\n"
-" www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf.\n"
-"27. The Seoul Sharing City website is english.sharehub.kr; for Amsterdam\n"
-" Sharing City, go to www.sharenl.nl/amsterdam-sharing-city/.\n"
-"28. Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New\n"
-" York: OR Books, 2015), 42.\n"
-"29. Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by\n"
-" Giving Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York:\n"
-" Hyperion, 2010), 78.\n"
-"30. Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of\n"
-" Things, the Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism\n"
-" (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014), 273.\n"
-"31. Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next\n"
-" American Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a\n"
-" Community-Sustaining Economy from the Ground Up (White River\n"
-" Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013), 39.\n"
-"32. Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership\n"
-" Revolution; Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco:\n"
-" Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9.\n"
-"33. Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation\n"
-" (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010). A preview of the book is\n"
-" available at strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation.\n"
-"34. This business model canvas is available to download at\n"
-" strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas.\n"
-"35. We’ve made the “Open Business Model Canvas,” designed by the\n"
-" coauthor Paul Stacey, available online at\n"
-" docs.google.com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit.\n"
-" You can also find the accompanying Open Business Model Canvas\n"
-" Questions at\n"
-" docs.google.com/drawings/d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit.\n"
-"36. A more comprehensive list of revenue streams is available in this\n"
-" post I wrote on Medium on March 6, 2016. “What Is an Open Business\n"
-" Model and How Can You Generate Revenue?”, available at\n"
-" medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15.\n"
-"37. Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating\n"
-" and Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review\n"
-" Press, 2006), 31–44.\n"
-msgstr ""
-"9. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 175.\n"
-"10. Joshua Farley and Ida Kubiszewski, “The Economics of Information in\n"
-" a Post-Carbon Economy,” in Free Knowledge: Confronting the\n"
-" Commodification of Human Discovery, eds. Patricia W. Elliott y\n"
-" Daryl H. Hepting (Regina, SK: University of Regina Press,\n"
-" 2015), 201–4.\n"
-"11. Rowe, Our Common Wealth, 19; and Heather Menzies, Reclaiming the\n"
-" Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and Manifesto (Gabriola\n"
-" Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 42–43.\n"
-"12. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 55–78.\n"
-"13. Fritjof Capra y Ugo Mattei, The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal\n"
-" System en Tune with Nature and Community (Oakland, CA:\n"
-" Berrett-Koehler, 2015), 46–57; y Bollier, Think Like a\n"
-" Commoner, 88.\n"
-"14. Brett M. Frischmann, Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J.\n"
-" Strandburg, “Governing Knowledge Commons,” en Frischmann, Madison,\n"
-" y Strandburg Governing Knowledge Commons, 12.\n"
-"15. Farley y Kubiszewski, “Economics of Information,” en Elliott y\n"
-" Hepting, Free Knowledge, 203.\n"
-"16. “What Is Free Software?” GNU Operating System, the Free Software\n"
-" Foundation’s Licensing and Compliance Lab, accesado Diciembre 30,\n"
-" 2016, www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-sw.\n"
-"17. Wikipedia, s.v. “Open-source software,” última modificación Noviembre\n"
-" 22, 2016.\n"
-"18. Eric S. Raymond, “The Magic Cauldron,” en The Cathedral and the\n"
-" Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open Source by an Accidental\n"
-" Revolutionary, rev. ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media,\n"
-" 2001), www.catb.org/esr/writings/cathedral-bazaar/.\n"
-"19. New York Times Customer Insight Group, The Psychology of Sharing:\n"
-" Why Do People Share Online? (New York: New York Times Customer\n"
-" Insight Group, 2011), www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf.\n"
-"20. “Licensing Considerations,” Creative Commons, accesado Diciembre 30,\n"
-" 2016, creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-considerations/.\n"
-"21. Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons (Mountain View, CA:\n"
-" Creative Commons, 2015), stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/.\n"
-"22. Wikipedia, s.v. “Open Government Partnership,” última modificación\n"
-" Setiembre 24,\n"
-" 2016, en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open\\_Government\\_Partnership.\n"
-"23. Capra y Mattei, Ecology of Law, 114.\n"
-"24. Ibid., 116.\n"
-"25. The Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency, “Stockholm\n"
-" Statement” accesado Febrero 15, 2017,\n"
-" sida.se/globalassets/sida/eng/press/stockholm-statement.pdf\n"
-"26. City of Bologna, Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and\n"
-" the City for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons, trans.\n"
-" LabGov (LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons) (Bologna, Italy:\n"
-" City of Bologna,\n"
-" 2014), www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-"
-"collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-"
-"urban-commons1.pdf.\n"
-"27. The Seoul Sharing City website is english.sharehub.kr; for Amsterdam\n"
-" Sharing City, ir a www.sharenl.nl/amsterdam-sharing-city/.\n"
-"28. Tom Slee, What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy (New\n"
-" York: OR Books, 2015), 42.\n"
-"29. Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by\n"
-" Giving Something for Nothing, Reprint with new preface. (New York:\n"
-" Hyperion, 2010), 78.\n"
-"30. Jeremy Rifkin, The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of\n"
-" Things, the Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism\n"
-" (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2014), 273.\n"
-"31. Gar Alperovitz, What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next\n"
-" American Revolution: Democratizing Wealth and Building a\n"
-" Community-Sustaining Economy from the Ground Up (White River\n"
-" Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013), 39.\n"
-"32. Marjorie Kelly, Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership\n"
-" Revolution; Journeys to a Generative Economy (San Francisco:\n"
-" Berrett-Koehler, 2012), 8–9.\n"
-"33. Alex Osterwalder y Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation\n"
-" (Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010). Una vista previa del libro "
-"está\n"
-" disponible en strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation.\n"
-"34. Este lienzo de modelo de negocios está disponible para descarga\n"
-" en strategyzer.com/canvas/business-model-canvas.\n"
-"35. Nosotros hicimos el “Open Business Model Canvas,” diseñado por el\n"
-" coautor Paul Stacey, disponible en línea\n"
-" en "
-"docs.google.com/drawings/d/1QOIDa2qak7wZSSOa4Wv6qVMO77IwkKHN7CYyq0wHivs/edit."
-"\n"
-" También puede encontrar las Open Business Model Canvas\n"
-" Questions que lo acompañan.\n"
-" en "
-"docs.google.com/drawings/d/1kACK7TkoJgsM18HUWCbX9xuQ0Byna4plSVZXZGTtays/edit."
-"\n"
-"36. Una lista más completa de flujos de ingreso están disponibles en este\n"
-" post que escribí en Medium en Marzo 6, 2016. “What Is an Open Business\n"
-" Model and How Can You Generate Revenue?”, disponible\n"
-" en medium.com/made-with-creative-commons/what-is-an-open-business-model-"
-"and-how-can-you-generate-revenue-5854d2659b15.\n"
-"37. Henry Chesbrough, Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating\n"
-" and Profiting from Technology (Boston: Harvard Business Review\n"
-" Press, 2006), 31–44.\n"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1172
-msgid "## How to Be Made with Creative Commons"
-msgstr "## Hecho con Creative Commons"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1174
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1516
msgid "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr "Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1188
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1519
msgid ""
"When we began this project in August 2015, we set out to write a book about "
"business models that involve Creative Commons licenses in some significant "
"Kickstarter backers, we chose twenty-four endeavors from all around the "
"world that are Made with Creative Commons. The mix is diverse, from an "
"individual musician to a university-textbook publisher to an electronics "
-"manufacturer. Some make their own content and share under Creative Commons "
+"manufacturer. Some make their own content and share under Creative Commons "
"licensing. Others are platforms for CC-licensed creative work made by "
"others. Many sit somewhere in between, both using and contributing creative "
"work that’s shared with the public. Like all who use the licenses, these "
msgstr ""
"Cuando empezamos este proyecto en agosto de 2015, nos dispusimos a escribir "
"sobre modelos de negocios que involucren licencias Creative Common en alguna "
-"forma importante—lo que llamamos ser Hecho con Creative Commons. Con la "
+"forma importante—lo que llamamos ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_. Con la "
"ayuda de nuestros patrocinadores en Kickstarter escogimos veinticuatro "
"esfuerzos de todo el mundo que estaban Hechos con Creative Commons. La "
"mezcla es diversa, desde un músico individual, a un editor de textos "
"sea datos abiertos o diseños de muebles—en una forma que le permite al "
"público no solo accessarlo, sino también hacer uso de este."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1197
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1535
msgid ""
"We analyzed the revenue models, customer segments, and value propositions of "
"each endeavor. We searched for ways that putting their content under "
"excavamos en las motivaciones, el rol de las licencias CC, modos de "
"generación de ingresos, definiciones de éxito."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1201
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1545
msgid ""
"In fairly short order, we realized the book we set out to write was quite "
"different from the one that was revealing itself in our interviews and "
"era bastante diferente del que se nos estaba revelando en nuestras "
"entrevistas e investigaciones."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1209
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1550
msgid ""
"It isn’t that we were wrong to think you can make money while using Creative "
"Commons licenses. In many instances, CC can help make you more money. Nor "
"nada más lo equivocado que sería escribir un libro acerca de ser Hecho con "
"Creative Commons usando solo una perspectiva de negocio."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1217
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1562
+msgid ""
+"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
+"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at <ulink "
+"url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"Alex Osterwalder e Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
+"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. Una previsualización del libro está "
+"disponible en <ulink url=\"http://strategyzer.com/books/business-model-"
+"generation\"/>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1559
msgid ""
"According to the seminal handbook Business Model Generation, a business "
"model “describes the rationale of how an organization creates, delivers, and "
-"captures value.”1 Thinking about sharing in terms of creating and capturing "
-"value always felt inappropriately transactional and out of place, something "
-"we heard time and time again in our interviews. And as Cory Doctorow told us "
-"in our interview with him, “Business model can mean anything you want it to "
-"mean.”"
+"captures value.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Thinking about "
+"sharing in terms of creating and capturing value always felt inappropriately "
+"transactional and out of place, something we heard time and time again in "
+"our interviews. And as Cory Doctorow told us in our interview with him, "
+"“Business model can mean anything you want it to mean.”"
msgstr ""
"De acuerdo con el manual seminal «Business Model Generation», un modelo de "
"negocios «describe la justificación de cómo una organización crea, entrega y "
-"captura valor.1 Pensar sobre compartir en términos de crear y capturar valor "
-"siempre se sintió inapropiadamente transaccional y fuera de lugar, algo que "
-"oímos una y otra vez en nuestras entrevistas. Y como Cory Doctorow nos contó "
-"en nuestra entrevista con él, «Un modelo de negocios puede significar "
-"cualquier cosa que uno quiera que signifique.»"
+"captura valor.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pensar sobre "
+"compartir en términos de crear y capturar valor siempre se sintió "
+"inapropiadamente transaccional y fuera de lugar, algo que oímos una y otra "
+"vez en nuestras entrevistas. Y como Cory Doctorow nos contó en nuestra "
+"entrevista con él, «Un modelo de negocios puede significar cualquier cosa "
+"que uno quiera que signifique.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1222
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1573
msgid ""
"Eventually, we got it. Being Made with Creative Commons is more than a "
"business model. While we will talk about specific revenue models as one "
"piece of our analysis (and in more detail in the case studies), we scrapped "
"that as our guiding rubric for the book."
msgstr ""
-"Eventualmente, lo entendimos. Ser Hecho con Creative Commons es más que un "
+"Eventualmente, lo entendimos. Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ es más que un "
"modelo de negocios. Aunque hablaremos sobre modelos de ingresos específicos "
"como una pieza de nuestro análisis (y en más detalle en los casos de "
"estudio), lo descartamos como nuestro rubro guía para el libro."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1230
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1580
msgid ""
"Admittedly, it took me a long time to get there. When Paul and I divided up "
"our writing after finishing the research, my charge was to distill "
"no hay fórmula. Es probable que haya que descartar esa forma de pensar antes "
"de seguir leyendo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1240
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1590
msgid ""
-"In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the "
+"In every interview, we started from the same simple questions. Amid all the "
"diversity among the creators, organizations, and businesses we profiled, "
"there was one constant. Being Made with Creative Commons may be good for "
"business, but that is not why they do it. Sharing work with Creative Commons "
msgstr ""
"En cada entrevista, empezamos con las mismas preguntas simples. En medio de "
"toda la diversidad entre todas las personas creadoras, organizaciones y "
-"negocios que perfilamos, había una constante. Ser Hecho con Creative Commons "
-"puede ser bueno para el negocio, pero esa no es la razón por la que lo "
-"hacen. Compartir trabajo con Creative Commons es, en esencia, una decisión "
-"moral. Los beneficios comerciales y otros beneficios individuales son "
-"secundarios. La mayoría decidieron usar licencias CC primero, y encontraron "
-"un modelo de ingresos luego. Esta fue nuestra primer pista de que escribir "
-"un libro únicamente sobre el impacto de compartir en los negocios podría "
-"estar un poco desviado."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1246
+"negocios que perfilamos, había una constante. Ser _Hecho con Creative "
+"Commons_ puede ser bueno para el negocio, pero esa no es la razón por la que "
+"lo hacen. Compartir trabajo con Creative Commons es, en esencia, una "
+"decisión moral. Los beneficios comerciales y otros beneficios individuales "
+"son secundarios. La mayoría decidieron usar licencias CC primero, y "
+"encontraron un modelo de ingresos luego. Esta fue nuestra primer pista de "
+"que escribir un libro únicamente sobre el impacto de compartir en los "
+"negocios podría estar un poco desviado."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1602
msgid ""
"But we also started to realize something about what it means to be Made with "
"Creative Commons. When people talked to us about how and why they used CC, "
"it was clear that it meant something more than using a copyright license. It "
-"also represented a set of values. There is symbolism behind using CC, and "
+"also represented a set of values. There is symbolism behind using CC, and "
"that symbolism has many layers."
msgstr ""
"Pero también empezamos a darnos cuenta de algo de lo que significa ser Hecho "
"derechos de autor. También representaba un conjunto de valores. Hay un "
"simbolismo detrás de usar CC, y ese simbolismo tiene muchas capas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1257
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1610
msgid ""
"At one level, being Made with Creative Commons expresses an affinity for the "
"value of Creative Commons. While there are many different flavors of CC "
"something to contribute, and that no one can own our shared culture. They "
"reflect a belief in the promise of sharing."
msgstr ""
-"En un nivel, ser Hecho con Creative Commons expresa una afinidad por los "
+"En un nivel, ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ expresa una afinidad por los "
"valores de Creative Commons. Aunque hay muchos diferentes sabores de "
"licencias CC y casi una infinidad de formas de ser Hecho con Creative "
"Commons, el sistema de valores básico está enraizado en una creencia "
"de nuestra cultura compartida. Estos reflejan la creencia en promesa de "
"compartir."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1267
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1624
msgid ""
"Whether the public makes use of the opportunity to copy and adapt your work, "
"sharing with a Creative Commons license is a symbol of how you want to "
-"interact with the people who consume your work. Whenever you create "
+"interact with the people who consume your work. Whenever you create "
"something, “all rights reserved” under copyright is automatic, so the "
"copyright symbol (©) on the work does not necessarily come across as a "
"marker of distrust or excessive protectionism. But using a CC license can be "
"una transacción de mercado impersonal. Deja abierta la posibilidad de "
"conexión."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1273
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1636
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons not only demonstrates values connected to "
"CC and sharing. It also demonstrates that something other than profit drives "
"what you do. In our interviews, we always asked what success looked like for "
-"them. It was stunning how rarely money was mentioned. Most have a deeper "
+"them. It was stunning how rarely money was mentioned. Most have a deeper "
"purpose and a different vision of success."
msgstr ""
-"Ser Hecho con Creative Commons no solo demuestra valores conectados a CC y "
+"Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ no solo demuestra valores conectados a CC y "
"el compartir. También demuestra que algo más que las ganancias dirigen lo "
"que usted hace. En nuestras entrevistas, siempre preguntamos cómo se veía el "
"éxito para ellos y ellas. Fue maravilloso como pocas veces mencionaron el "
"dinero. La mayoría tienen un propósito más profundo y una visión diferente "
"del éxito."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1284
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1649
+msgid ""
+"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
+"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
+msgstr ""
+"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
+"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1644
msgid ""
-"The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For "
+"The driving motivation varies depending on the type of endeavor. For "
"individual creators, it is most often about personal inspiration. In some "
"ways, this is nothing new. As Doctorow has written, “Creators usually start "
-"doing what they do for love.”2 But when you share your creative work under a "
-"CC license, that dynamic is even more pronounced. Similarly, for "
-"technological innovators, it is often less about creating a specific new "
-"thing that will make you rich and more about solving a specific problem you "
-"have. The creators of Arduino told us that the key question when creating "
-"something is “Do you as the creator want to use it? It has to have personal "
-"use and meaning.”"
+"doing what they do for love.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But "
+"when you share your creative work under a CC license, that dynamic is even "
+"more pronounced. Similarly, for technological innovators, it is often less "
+"about creating a specific new thing that will make you rich and more about "
+"solving a specific problem you have. The creators of Arduino told us that "
+"the key question when creating something is “Do you as the creator want to "
+"use it? It has to have personal use and meaning.”"
msgstr ""
"La motivación impulsora varía dependiendo del tipo de esfuerzo. Para "
"personas creadoras, es por lo general acerca de inspiración personal. En "
"cierta forma, nada es nuevo. Como Doctorow escribió, «Las personas creadoras "
-"por lo general empiezan haciendo lo que hacen por amor.»2 Pero, cuando se "
-"comparte trabajo creativo bajo una licencia CC, esa dinámica es aún más "
-"pronunciada. De forja similar, para las personas que innovan con tecnología, "
-"por lo general es menos acerca de crear una nueva cosa específica que las "
-"hará ricas, y más acerca de resolver un problema específico que tienen. Los "
-"creadores de Arduino nos contaron que la pregunta clave al crear algo es "
-"«¿Usted, como el creador, querría usarlo? Tiene que tener un uso y "
-"significado personal.»"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1293
+"por lo general empiezan haciendo lo que hacen por amor.»<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero, cuando se comparte trabajo creativo bajo una "
+"licencia CC, esa dinámica es aún más pronunciada. De forja similar, para las "
+"personas que innovan con tecnología, por lo general es menos acerca de crear "
+"una nueva cosa específica que las hará ricas, y más acerca de resolver un "
+"problema específico que tienen. Los creadores de Arduino nos contaron que la "
+"pregunta clave al crear algo es «¿Usted, como el creador, querría usarlo? "
+"Tiene que tener un uso y significado personal.»"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1660
msgid ""
"Many that are Made with Creative Commons have an express social mission that "
"underpins everything they do. In many cases, sharing with Creative Commons "
"mostrarle al mundo que está bien compartir sus contenidos usando una "
"licencia Creative Commons."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1301
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1670
msgid ""
"This dynamic is probably one reason why there are so many nonprofit examples "
"of being Made with Creative Commons. The content is the result of a labor of "
"connection are integral to success."
msgstr ""
"Esta dinámica es probablemente una razón por la cual hay tantos ejemplos de "
-"ser Hecho con Creative Commons en organizaciones sin fines de lucro. El "
+"ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ en organizaciones sin fines de lucro. El "
"contenido es el resultado de una labor de amor o una herramienta para "
"impulsar el cambio social, y el dinero es como la gasolina para el carro, "
"algo que se necesita para seguir andando, pero no un fin en sí mismo. Ser "
-"Hecho con Creative Commons es una visión diferente de un negocio o sustento, "
-"donde la ganancia no es suprema, y producir bien social y conexiones humanas "
-"es integral para el éxito."
+"_Hecho con Creative Commons_ es una visión diferente de un negocio o "
+"sustento, donde la ganancia no es suprema, y producir bien social y "
+"conexiones humanas es integral para el éxito."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1305
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1680
msgid ""
"Even if profit isn’t the end goal, you have to bring in money to be "
"successfully Made with Creative Commons. At a bare minimum, you have to make "
"enough money to keep the lights on."
msgstr ""
"Incluso si la ganancia no es el objetivo final, hay que producir dinero para "
-"ser Hecho con Creative Commons con éxito. Como mínimo, hay que hacer "
+"ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ con éxito. Como mínimo, hay que hacer "
"suficiente dinero para mantener las luces encendidas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1315
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1685
msgid ""
"The costs of doing business vary widely for those made with CC, but there is "
"generally a much lower threshold for sustainability than there used to be "
"posible manejar un negocio que obtiene la misma cantidad de anuncios que sus "
"antepasados por una fracción del precio.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1326
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1702
+msgid "Ibid., 55."
+msgstr "Ibid., 55."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1697
msgid ""
"Some creation costs are the same as they always were. It takes the same "
"amount of time and money to write a peer-reviewed journal article or paint a "
"painting. Technology can’t change that. But other costs are dramatically "
"reduced by technology, particularly in production-heavy domains like "
-"filmmaking.3 CC-licensed content and content in the public domain, as well "
-"as the work of volunteer collaborators, can also dramatically reduce costs "
-"if they’re being used as resources to create something new. And, of course, "
-"there is the reality that some content would be created whether or not the "
-"creator is paid because it is a labor of love."
+"filmmaking.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> CC-licensed content and "
+"content in the public domain, as well as the work of volunteer "
+"collaborators, can also dramatically reduce costs if they’re being used as "
+"resources to create something new. And, of course, there is the reality that "
+"some content would be created whether or not the creator is paid because it "
+"is a labor of love."
msgstr ""
"Algunos costos de creación son los mismos que siempre han sido. Toma la "
"misma cantidad de tiempo y dinero escribir un artículo para una revista con "
"revisión de pares, o pintar una pintura. La tecnología no puede cambiar eso. "
"Pero otros costos se reducen dramáticamente con la tecnología, en particular "
-"en dominios con elevada producción como el cine.3 El contenido licenciado "
-"con CC y el contenido en el dominio público, así como el trabajo de personas "
-"que colaboran de forma voluntaria, también puede reducir los costos "
-"dramáticamente, si son usados como recursos para crear algo nuevo. Y, por "
-"supuesto, está la realidad de que algún contenido sería creado ya sea que a "
-"la persona creadora se le pague o no, porque es un trabajo por amor."
+"en dominios con elevada producción como el cine.<placeholder type=\"footnote"
+"\" id=\"0\"/> El contenido licenciado con CC y el contenido en el dominio "
+"público, así como el trabajo de personas que colaboran de forma voluntaria, "
+"también puede reducir los costos dramáticamente, si son usados como recursos "
+"para crear algo nuevo. Y, por supuesto, está la realidad de que algún "
+"contenido sería creado ya sea que a la persona creadora se le pague o no, "
+"porque es un trabajo por amor."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1714
+msgid ""
+"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
+"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), "
+"224."
+msgstr ""
+"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
+"Something for Nothing, nueva impresión con un nuevo prefacio (New York: "
+"Hyperion, 2010), 224."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1336
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1711
msgid ""
"Distributing content is almost universally cheaper than ever. Once content "
-"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero.4 "
-"The costs to distribute physical copies are still significant, but lower "
-"than they have been historically. And it is now much easier to print and "
-"distribute physical copies on-demand, which also reduces costs. Depending on "
-"the endeavor, there can be a whole host of other possible expenses like "
-"marketing and promotion, and even expenses associated with the various ways "
-"money is being made, like touring or custom training."
+"is created, the costs to distribute copies digitally are essentially zero."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The costs to distribute physical "
+"copies are still significant, but lower than they have been historically. "
+"And it is now much easier to print and distribute physical copies on-demand, "
+"which also reduces costs. Depending on the endeavor, there can be a whole "
+"host of other possible expenses like marketing and promotion, and even "
+"expenses associated with the various ways money is being made, like touring "
+"or custom training."
msgstr ""
"Distribuir contenido es casi universalmente más barato que nunca. Una vez "
"que el contenido es creado, los costos de distribuir copias digitales son "
-"esencialmente cero.4 Los costos de distribuir copias físicas aún son "
-"significativos, pero más bajos de lo que han sido históricamente. Y ahora es "
-"mucho más sencillo imprimir y distribuir copias físicas bajo demanda, lo que "
-"también reduce costos. Dependiendo del tipo de esfuerzo, puede haber una "
-"gran cantidad de otros gastos posibles, como mercadeo y promoción, e "
-"inclusos gastos asociados con las distintas formas en que se genera dinero, "
-"como realizar giras y entrenamiento personalizado."
+"esencialmente cero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Los costos de "
+"distribuir copias físicas aún son significativos, pero más bajos de lo que "
+"han sido históricamente. Y ahora es mucho más sencillo imprimir y distribuir "
+"copias físicas bajo demanda, lo que también reduce costos. Dependiendo del "
+"tipo de esfuerzo, puede haber una gran cantidad de otros gastos posibles, "
+"como mercadeo y promoción, e inclusos gastos asociados con las distintas "
+"formas en que se genera dinero, como realizar giras y entrenamiento "
+"personalizado."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1736
+msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
+msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1349
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1726
msgid ""
"It’s important to recognize that the biggest impact of technology on "
"creative endeavors is that creators can now foot the costs of creation and "
"got the time of day from one of the great imperial powers, this is your "
"time. Where once you had no means of reaching an audience without the "
"assistance of the industry-dominating megacompanies, now you have hundreds "
-"of ways to do it without them.”5 Previously, distribution of creative work "
-"involved the costs associated with sustaining a monolithic entity, now "
-"creators can do the work themselves. That means the financial needs of "
-"creative endeavors can be a lot more modest."
+"of ways to do it without them.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"Previously, distribution of creative work involved the costs associated with "
+"sustaining a monolithic entity, now creators can do the work themselves. "
+"That means the financial needs of creative endeavors can be a lot more "
+"modest."
msgstr ""
"Es importante reconocer que el mayor impacto de la tecnología en esfuerzos "
"creativos es que las personas creadoras ahora pueden pagar los costos de "
"poderes del imperio, este es su momento. Donde alguna vez no tenía medios "
"para alcanzar una audiencia sin la asistencia de las megacompañías que "
"dominan la industria, ahora tiene cientos de formas para hacerlo sin "
-"ellas.”5 Antes, la distribución de trabajos creativos involucraba costos "
-"asociados con mantener una entidad monolítica, ahora las personas creadoras "
-"pueden hacer el trabajo ellas mismas. Esto significa que las necesidades "
-"financieras de los esfuerzos creativos pueden ser mucho más modestas."
+"ellas.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Antes, la distribución de "
+"trabajos creativos involucraba costos asociados con mantener una entidad "
+"monolítica, ahora las personas creadoras pueden hacer el trabajo ellas "
+"mismas. Esto significa que las necesidades financieras de los esfuerzos "
+"creativos pueden ser mucho más modestas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1360
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1743
msgid ""
"Whether for an individual creator or a larger endeavor, it usually isn’t "
-"enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. "
-"You need to build in some support for the general operation. This extra bit "
+"enough to break even if you want to make what you’re doing a livelihood. You "
+"need to build in some support for the general operation. This extra bit "
"looks different for everyone, but importantly, in nearly all cases for those "
"Made with Creative Commons, the definition of “enough money” looks a lot "
"different than it does in the world of venture capital and stock options. It "
"realidad un nombre exagerado para esto. En realidad, es solo acerca de "
"mantener la operación funcionando día a día.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1366
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1756
msgid ""
"This book is a testament to the notion that it is possible to make money "
"while using CC licenses and CC-licensed content, but we are still very much "
"camino y adaptándose en tiempo real conforme persiguen esta nueva forma de "
"operar."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1370
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1764
msgid ""
"There are, however, plenty of ways in which CC licensing can be good for "
"business in fairly predictable ways. The first is how it helps solve "
"bueno para negocios de formas bastantes predecibles. La primera es cómo "
"ayuda a resolver el «problema cero.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1372
-msgid "### Problem Zero: Getting Discovered"
-msgstr "### Problema Cero: ser descubierto"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1769
+msgid "Problem Zero: Getting Discovered"
+msgstr "Problema Cero: ser descubierto"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1387
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1776
msgid ""
-"Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, "
-"customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, “It has "
-"to start with the art. The songs had to touch people initially, and mean "
-"something, for anything to work at all.”6 There isn’t any magic to finding "
-"your people, and there is certainly no formula. Your work has to connect "
-"with people and offer them some artistic and/or utilitarian value. In some "
-"ways, this is easier than ever. Online we are not limited by shelf space, so "
-"there is room for every obscure interest, taste, and need imaginable. This "
-"is what Chris Anderson dubbed the Long Tail, where consumption becomes less "
-"about mainstream mass “hits” and more about micromarkets for every "
-"particular niche. As Anderson wrote, “We are all different, with different "
-"wants and needs, and the Internet now has a place for all of them in the way "
-"that physical markets did not.”7 We are no longer limited to what appeals to "
-"the masses."
+"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
+"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
msgstr ""
-"Una vez que se crea o colecciona el contenido, el siguiente paso es "
-"encontrar usuarios, clientes y fanáticos—en otras palabras, su gente. Como "
-"Amanda Palmer escribió, «Tiene que empezar con el arte. Las canciones "
-"tuvieron que tocar a la gente al inicio, y significar algo, para que "
-"cualquier cosa funcione.»6 No hay ninguna magia para encontrar su gente, y "
-"ciertamente no hay ninguna fórmula. El trabajo tiene que conectar con las "
-"personas y ofrecerles algún valor artístico y/o utilitario. De cierta forma, "
-"esto nunca antes ha sido tan fácil. En línea no estamos limitados por el "
-"espacio en los estantes, así que hay espacio para cualquier oscuro interés, "
-"gusto y necesidad imaginables. Esto es lo que Chris Anderson llamo la Larga "
-"Cola, donde el consumo se vuelve menos acerca de éxitos masivos populares, y "
-"más acerca de micromercados para cada nicho particular. Como escrribió "
-"Anderson, «Todos somos diferentes, con diferentes gustos y necesidades, y la "
-"Internet ahora tiene un lugar para todos estos en una forma que el mercado "
-"físico no tuvo.»7 Ya no estamos limitados a lo que apela a las masas."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1400
-msgid ""
+"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
+"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1790
+msgid ""
+"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
+"2012), 64."
+msgstr ""
+"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
+"2012), 64."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1771
+msgid ""
+"Once you create or collect your content, the next step is finding users, "
+"customers, fans—in other words, your people. As Amanda Palmer wrote, “It has "
+"to start with the art. The songs had to touch people initially, and mean "
+"something, for anything to work at all.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/> There isn’t any magic to finding your people, and there is certainly "
+"no formula. Your work has to connect with people and offer them some "
+"artistic and/or utilitarian value. In some ways, this is easier than ever. "
+"Online we are not limited by shelf space, so there is room for every obscure "
+"interest, taste, and need imaginable. This is what Chris Anderson dubbed the "
+"Long Tail, where consumption becomes less about mainstream mass “hits” and "
+"more about micromarkets for every particular niche. As Anderson wrote, “We "
+"are all different, with different wants and needs, and the Internet now has "
+"a place for all of them in the way that physical markets did "
+"not.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We are no longer limited to "
+"what appeals to the masses."
+msgstr ""
+"Una vez que se crea o colecciona el contenido, el siguiente paso es "
+"encontrar usuarios, clientes y fanáticos—en otras palabras, su gente. Como "
+"Amanda Palmer escribió, «Tiene que empezar con el arte. Las canciones "
+"tuvieron que tocar a la gente al inicio, y significar algo, para que "
+"cualquier cosa funcione.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> No hay "
+"ninguna magia para encontrar su gente, y ciertamente no hay ninguna fórmula. "
+"El trabajo tiene que conectar con las personas y ofrecerles algún valor "
+"artístico y/o utilitario. De cierta forma, esto nunca antes ha sido tan "
+"fácil. En línea no estamos limitados por el espacio en los estantes, así que "
+"hay espacio para cualquier oscuro interés, gusto y necesidad imaginables. "
+"Esto es lo que Chris Anderson llamo la Larga Cola, donde el consumo se "
+"vuelve menos acerca de éxitos masivos populares, y más acerca de "
+"micromercados para cada nicho particular. Como escrribió Anderson, «Todos "
+"somos diferentes, con diferentes gustos y necesidades, y la Internet ahora "
+"tiene un lugar para todos estos en una forma que el mercado físico no "
+"tuvo.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Ya no estamos limitados a lo "
+"que apela a las masas."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1803
+msgid ""
+"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
+"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
+msgstr ""
+"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
+"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1809
+msgid "Anderson, Makers, 66."
+msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 66."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1813
+msgid ""
+"Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New "
+"York: Morgan James, 2016), 10."
+msgstr ""
+"Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy (New "
+"York: Morgan James, 2016), 10."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1796
+msgid ""
"While finding “your people” online is theoretically easier than in the "
"analog world, as a practical matter it can still be difficult to actually "
"get noticed. The Internet is a firehose of content, one that only grows "
"larger by the minute. As a content creator, not only are you competing for "
"attention against more content creators than ever before, you are competing "
-"against creativity generated outside the market as well.8 Anderson wrote, "
-"“The greatest change of the past decade has been the shift in time people "
-"spend consuming amateur content instead of professional content.”9 To top it "
-"all off, you have to compete against the rest of their lives, too—“friends, "
-"family, music playlists, soccer games, and nights on the town.”10 Somehow, "
-"some way, you have to get noticed by the right people."
+"against creativity generated outside the market as well.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Anderson wrote, “The greatest change of the past "
+"decade has been the shift in time people spend consuming amateur content "
+"instead of professional content.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> "
+"To top it all off, you have to compete against the rest of their lives, too"
+"—“friends, family, music playlists, soccer games, and nights on the "
+"town.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Somehow, some way, you have "
+"to get noticed by the right people."
msgstr ""
"Aunque encontrar a «su gente» en línea es en teoría más sencillo que en el "
"mundo analógico, como un asunto práctico puede aún ser difícil ser realmente "
"notado. La internet es una manguera de contenidos, una que crece cada "
"minuto. Como una persona creadora de contenidos, no solo se compite por "
"atención contra más creadoras de contenidos que nunca antes, también se "
-"compite contra la creatividad generada fuera del mercado.8 Anderson "
-"escribió, «El cambio más grande en la década pasada ha sido el cambio en el "
-"tiempo que las personas pasan consumiendo contenidos aficionados en lugar de "
-"contenidos profesionales.»9 Para colmo, se debe competir contra el resto de "
-"sus vidas también—«amistades, familia, listas de reproducción de música, "
-"juegos de fútbol y noches en la ciudad.»10 De algún modo, de alguna forma, "
-"tiene que llamar la atención de las personas correctas."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1413
+"compite contra la creatividad generada fuera del mercado.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Anderson escribió, «El cambio más grande en la "
+"década pasada ha sido el cambio en el tiempo que las personas pasan "
+"consumiendo contenidos aficionados en lugar de contenidos "
+"profesionales.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Para colmo, se debe "
+"competir contra el resto de sus vidas también—«amistades, familia, listas de "
+"reproducción de música, juegos de fútbol y noches en la ciudad.»<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> De algún modo, de alguna forma, tiene que "
+"llamar la atención de las personas correctas."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1827
+msgid "Anderson, Free, 62."
+msgstr "Anderson, Free, 62."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1819
msgid ""
"When you come to the Internet armed with an all-rights-reserved mentality "
"from the start, you are often restricting access to your work before there "
"is even any demand for it. In many cases, requiring payment for your work is "
"part of the traditional copyright system. Even a tiny cost has a big effect "
-"on demand. It’s called the penny gap—the large difference in demand between "
+"on demand. It’s called the penny gap—the large difference in demand between "
"something that is available at the price of one cent versus the price of "
-"zero.11 That doesn’t mean it is wrong to charge money for your content. It "
-"simply means you need to recognize the effect that doing so will have on "
-"demand. The same principle applies to restricting access to copy the work. "
-"If your problem is how to get discovered and find “your people,” prohibiting "
-"people from copying your work and sharing it with others is "
-"counterproductive."
+"zero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> That doesn’t mean it is wrong "
+"to charge money for your content. It simply means you need to recognize the "
+"effect that doing so will have on demand. The same principle applies to "
+"restricting access to copy the work. If your problem is how to get "
+"discovered and find “your people,” prohibiting people from copying your work "
+"and sharing it with others is counterproductive."
msgstr ""
"Al entrar a la Internet armaos con una mentalidad de todos los derechos "
"reservados desde el inicio, con frecuencia está restringiendo el acceso a su "
"tradicional de derechos de autor. Incluso un costo diminuto tiene un gran "
"efecto en la demanda. A esto se le llama la brecha del penique—la gran "
"diferencia en la demanda entre algo que está disponible por un precio de un "
-"centavo comparado con un precio de cero.11 Esto no significa que está "
-"equivocado cobrar dinero por su contenido. Simplemente significa que debe "
-"reconocer el efecto sobre la demanda que tiene el hacerlo. El mismo "
-"principio aplica a restringir al acceso a copiar el trabajo. Si su problema "
-"es cómo ser descubierto y encontrar a «su gente,» prohibirle a las personas "
-"que copien su trabajo y que lo compartan con otros es contraproducente."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1417
+"centavo comparado con un precio de cero.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/> Esto no significa que está equivocado cobrar dinero por su "
+"contenido. Simplemente significa que debe reconocer el efecto sobre la "
+"demanda que tiene el hacerlo. El mismo principio aplica a restringir al "
+"acceso a copiar el trabajo. Si su problema es cómo ser descubierto y "
+"encontrar a «su gente,» prohibirle a las personas que copien su trabajo y "
+"que lo compartan con otros es contraproducente."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1841
+msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38."
+msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1837
msgid ""
"Of course, it’s not that being discovered by people who like your work will "
"make you rich—far from it. But as Cory Doctorow says, “Recognition is one of "
-"many necessary preconditions for artistic success.”12"
+"many necessary preconditions for artistic success.”<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Por supuesto, no es que ser descubierto por personas a las que les gusta su "
"trabajo le hará rico—lejos de eso. Pero como Cory Doctorow dice, «El "
"reconocimiento es una de las muchas precondiciones necesarias para el éxito "
-"artístico.»12"
+"artístico.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1426
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1845
msgid ""
"Choosing not to spend time and energy restricting access to your work and "
"policing infringement also builds goodwill. Lumen Learning, a for-profit "
"misión detrás de lo que ellos hacen. Ellos creen que esta decisión ha "
"generado una inmensa cantidad de buena voluntad dentro de la comunidad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1433
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1862
+msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68."
+msgstr "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1856
msgid ""
"It is not just that restricting access to your work may undermine your "
"social mission. It also may alienate the people who most value your creative "
"work. If people like your work, their natural instinct will be to share it "
"with others. But as David Bollier wrote, “Our natural human impulses to "
-"imitate and share—the essence of culture—have been criminalized.”13"
+"imitate and share—the essence of culture—have been "
+"criminalized.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
"No es solo que restringir el acceso a su trabajo puede socavar su misión "
"social. También puede alienar a las personas que más valoran su trabajo "
"creativo. Si a las personas les gusta el trabajo, su instinto natural será "
"compartirlo con otras. Pero como David Bollier escribió, «Nuestros impulsos "
"de naturaleza humana a imitar y compartir—la esencia de la cultura—han sido "
-"criminalizados.»13"
+"criminalizados.»<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1441
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1866
msgid ""
"The fact that copying can carry criminal penalties undoubtedly deters "
"copying it, but copying with the click of a button is too easy and "
"convenient to ever fully stop it. Try as the copyright industry might to "
"persuade us otherwise, copying a copyrighted work just doesn’t feel like "
-"stealing a loaf of bread. And, of course, that’s because it isn’t. Sharing "
-"a creative work has no impact on anyone else’s ability to make use of it."
+"stealing a loaf of bread. And, of course, that’s because it isn’t. Sharing a "
+"creative work has no impact on anyone else’s ability to make use of it."
msgstr ""
"El hecho de que copiar puede traer penas criminales sin duda desalienta a "
"copiarlo, pero copiar con el clic de un botón es demasiado fácil y "
"de pan. Y, por supuesto, esto es porque no es así. Compartir un trabajo "
"creativo no tiene impacto en la capacidad de nadie más para usarlo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1455
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1875
msgid ""
"If you take some amount of copying and sharing your work as a given, you can "
"invest your time and resources elsewhere, rather than wasting them on "
"playing a cat and mouse game with people who want to copy and share your "
"work. Lizzy Jongma from the Rijksmuseum said, “We could spend a lot of money "
-"trying to protect works, but people are going to do it anyway. And they "
-"will use bad-quality versions.” Instead, they started releasing high-"
-"resolution digital copies of their collection into the public domain and "
-"making them available for free on their website. For them, sharing was a "
-"form of quality control over the copies that were inevitably being shared "
-"online. Doing this meant forgoing the revenue they previously got from "
-"selling digital images. But Lizzy says that was a small price to pay for all "
-"of the opportunities that sharing unlocked for them."
+"trying to protect works, but people are going to do it anyway. And they will "
+"use bad-quality versions.” Instead, they started releasing high-resolution "
+"digital copies of their collection into the public domain and making them "
+"available for free on their website. For them, sharing was a form of quality "
+"control over the copies that were inevitably being shared online. Doing this "
+"meant forgoing the revenue they previously got from selling digital images. "
+"But Lizzy says that was a small price to pay for all of the opportunities "
+"that sharing unlocked for them."
msgstr ""
"Si da por sentado cierta cantidad de copias e intercambio de su trabajo, "
"puede investir su tiempo y recursos en otra cosa, en lugar de gastarlos "
"imágenes digitales. Pero Lizzy dice que fue un pequeño precio que pagar por "
"todas las oportunidades que el compartir desbloqueó para ellos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1463
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1895
+msgid "Anderson, Free, 86."
+msgstr "Anderson, Free, 86."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1891
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons means you stop thinking about ways to "
"artificially make your content scarce, and instead leverage it as the "
-"potentially abundant resource it is.14 When you see information abundance as "
-"a feature, not a bug, you start thinking about the ways to use the idling "
-"capacity of your content to your advantage. As my friend and colleague Eric "
-"Steuer once said, “Using CC licenses shows you get the Internet.”"
+"potentially abundant resource it is.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/"
+"> When you see information abundance as a feature, not a bug, you start "
+"thinking about the ways to use the idling capacity of your content to your "
+"advantage. As my friend and colleague Eric Steuer once said, “Using CC "
+"licenses shows you get the Internet.”"
msgstr ""
-"Ser Hecho con Creative Commons significa dejar de pensar sobre formas de "
+"Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ significa dejar de pensar sobre formas de "
"hacer su contenido artificialmente escaso, y en lugar de eso aprovecharlo "
-"como el recurso potencialmente abundante que es.14 Cuando se ve la "
-"abundancia de la información como una funcionalidad y no un error, se "
-"empieza a pensar sobre formas de usar la capacidad ociosa de su contenido "
-"para su ventaja. Como mi amigo y colega Eric Steuer dijo una vez, «Usar "
-"licencias CC demuestra que usted entiende la Internet.»"
+"como el recurso potencialmente abundante que es.<placeholder type=\"footnote"
+"\" id=\"0\"/> Cuando se ve la abundancia de la información como una "
+"funcionalidad y no un error, se empieza a pensar sobre formas de usar la "
+"capacidad ociosa de su contenido para su ventaja. Como mi amigo y colega "
+"Eric Steuer dijo una vez, «Usar licencias CC demuestra que usted entiende la "
+"Internet.»"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1906
+msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144."
+msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1472
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1903
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow says it costs him nothing when other people make copies of his "
-"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return.15 "
-"Similarly, the makers of the Arduino boards knew it was impossible to stop "
-"people from copying their hardware, so they decided not to even try and "
-"instead look for the benefits of being open. For them, the result is one of "
-"the most ubiquitous pieces of hardware in the world, with a thriving online "
-"community of tinkerers and innovators that have done things with their work "
-"they never could have done otherwise."
+"work, and it opens the possibility that he might get something in return."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Similarly, the makers of the "
+"Arduino boards knew it was impossible to stop people from copying their "
+"hardware, so they decided not to even try and instead look for the benefits "
+"of being open. For them, the result is one of the most ubiquitous pieces of "
+"hardware in the world, with a thriving online community of tinkerers and "
+"innovators that have done things with their work they never could have done "
+"otherwise."
msgstr ""
"Cory Doctorow dice que no le cuesta nada cuando otras personas hacen copias "
"de su trabajo, y esto abre la posibilidad de que el pueda obtener algo a "
-"cambio.15 De forma similar, quienes hacen las placas Arduino supieron que "
-"era imposible para a las personas para que no copiaran su hardware, así que "
-"decidieron ni siquiera intentarlo y en lugar de eso buscar los beneficios de "
-"ser abiertos. Para ellos, el resultado es una de las piezas de hardware más "
-"ubicuas del mundo, con una floreciente comunidad en línea de personas "
-"pensadoras e innovadoras que han hecho cosas con su trabajo que nunca "
-"hubieran podido hacer de otra manera."
+"cambio.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> De forma similar, quienes "
+"hacen las placas Arduino supieron que era imposible para a las personas para "
+"que no copiaran su hardware, así que decidieron ni siquiera intentarlo y en "
+"lugar de eso buscar los beneficios de ser abiertos. Para ellos, el resultado "
+"es una de las piezas de hardware más ubicuas del mundo, con una floreciente "
+"comunidad en línea de personas pensadoras e innovadoras que han hecho cosas "
+"con su trabajo que nunca hubieran podido hacer de otra manera."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1475
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1916
msgid ""
"There are all kinds of way to leverage the power of sharing and remix to "
"your benefit. Here are a few."
"Hay muchas formas de aprovechar el poder de compartir y remezclar para su "
"beneficio. Aquí hay unas cuantas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1477
-msgid "#### Use CC to grow a larger audience"
-msgstr "#### Usar CC para generar una audiencia más grande"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1920
+msgid "Use CC to grow a larger audience"
+msgstr "Usar CC para generar una audiencia más grande"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1487
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1922
msgid ""
"Putting a Creative Commons license on your content won’t make it "
"automatically go viral, but eliminating legal barriers to copying the work "
"tiene una seña que dice Compartir y la otra dice No Compartir (que es lo que "
"«©» significa), ¿cuál cree que sea más probable que las personas compartan?"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1494
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1934
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an online news site with in-depth articles written by "
"academics who are experts on particular topics. All of the articles are CC-"
"una parte central del valor para autores y autoras académicas que quieren "
"alcanzar tantas personas lectoras como sea posible."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1506
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1950
+msgid "Anderson, Free, 123."
+msgstr "Anderson, Free, 123."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1943
msgid ""
"The idea that more eyeballs equates with more success is a form of the max "
-"strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to "
+"strategy, adopted by Google and other technology companies. According to "
"Google’s Eric Schmidt, the idea is simple: “Take whatever it is you are "
"doing and do it at the max in terms of distribution. The other way of saying "
"this is that since marginal cost of distribution is free, you might as well "
-"put things everywhere.”16 This strategy is what often motivates companies to "
-"make their products and services free (i.e., no cost), but the same logic "
-"applies to making content freely shareable. Because CC-licensed content is "
-"free (as in cost) and can be freely copied, CC licensing makes it even more "
-"accessible and likely to spread."
+"put things everywhere.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> This "
+"strategy is what often motivates companies to make their products and "
+"services free (i.e., no cost), but the same logic applies to making content "
+"freely shareable. Because CC-licensed content is free (as in cost) and can "
+"be freely copied, CC licensing makes it even more accessible and likely to "
+"spread."
msgstr ""
"La idea de que más ojos es igual a más éxito es una forma de la estrategia "
"de máximo, adoptada por Google y otras compañías de tecnología. De acuerdo "
"con Eric Schmidt de Google, la idea es simple: ”Tomar lo que sea que esté "
"haciendo y hacerlo al máximo en términos de distribución. La otra forma de "
"decir esto es que dado que los costos marginales de distribución son "
-"gratuitos, también es posible poner las cosas en todo lado.”16 Esta "
-"estrategia es lo que con frecuencia motiva a las compañías a hacer productos "
-"y servicios gratuitos (esto es, sin costo), pero la misma lógica aplica a "
-"hacer contenido que se pueda compartir libremente. Como el contenido "
-"licenciado con CC es gratis (sin costo) y puede ser copiado de forma libre, "
-"el licenciamiento CC lo hace aun más accesible y que sea más probable que "
-"prolifere."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1514
+"gratuitos, también es posible poner las cosas en todo lado.”<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Esta estrategia es lo que con frecuencia motiva "
+"a las compañías a hacer productos y servicios gratuitos (esto es, sin "
+"costo), pero la misma lógica aplica a hacer contenido que se pueda compartir "
+"libremente. Como el contenido licenciado con CC es gratis (sin costo) y "
+"puede ser copiado de forma libre, el licenciamiento CC lo hace aun más "
+"accesible y que sea más probable que prolifere."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1964
+msgid "Ibid., 132."
+msgstr "Ibid., 132."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1969
+msgid "Ibid., 70."
+msgstr "Ibid., 70."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1959
msgid ""
"If you are successful in reaching more users, readers, listeners, or other "
"consumers of your work, you can start to benefit from the bandwagon effect. "
"The simple fact that there are other people consuming or following your work "
-"spurs others to want to do the same.17 This is, in part, because we simply "
-"have a tendency to engage in herd behavior, but it is also because a large "
-"following is at least a partial indicator of quality or usefulness.18"
+"spurs others to want to do the same.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/"
+"> This is, in part, because we simply have a tendency to engage in herd "
+"behavior, but it is also because a large following is at least a partial "
+"indicator of quality or usefulness.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Si tiene éxito alcanzando más personas usuarias, lectoras, oyentes u otros "
"clientes para su trabajo, puede empezar a beneficiarse del efecto de "
"arrastre. El simple hecho de que hay otras personas consumiendo o siguiendo "
-"su trabajo estimula a otras a querer hacer lo mismo.17 Esto es, en parte, "
-"porque simplemente tenemos una tendencia a engancharnos en un comportamiento "
-"de manada, pero también es porque un gran número de personas seguidoras es "
-"por lo menos un indicador parcial de calidad o utilidad.18"
+"su trabajo estimula a otras a querer hacer lo mismo.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Esto es, en parte, porque simplemente tenemos una "
+"tendencia a engancharnos en un comportamiento de manada, pero también es "
+"porque un gran número de personas seguidoras es por lo menos un indicador "
+"parcial de calidad o utilidad.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1516
-msgid "#### Use CC to get attribution and name recognition"
-msgstr "#### Usar CC para obtener atribución y reconocimiento de nombre"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1974
+msgid "Use CC to get attribution and name recognition"
+msgstr "Usar CC para obtener atribución y reconocimiento de nombre"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1531
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1988
+msgid ""
+"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. "
+"Surowiecki says, “The measure of success of laws and contracts is how rarely "
+"they are invoked.”"
+msgstr ""
+"James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books, 2005), 124. "
+"Surowiecki dice, «La medida del éxito de leyes y contratos es qué tan poco "
+"frecuentemente son invocados.»"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1976
msgid ""
"Every Creative Commons license requires that credit be given to the author, "
"and that reusers supply a link back to the original source of the material. "
"norms, rather than the threat of legal enforcement, that most often motivate "
"people to provide attribution and otherwise comply with the CC license terms "
"anyway. This is the mark of any well-functioning community, within both the "
-"marketplace and the society at large.19 CC licenses reflect a set of wishes "
-"on the part of creators, and in the vast majority of circumstances, people "
-"are naturally inclined to follow those wishes. This is particularly the case "
-"for something as straightforward and consistent with basic notions of "
-"fairness as providing credit."
+"marketplace and the society at large.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/"
+"> CC licenses reflect a set of wishes on the part of creators, and in the "
+"vast majority of circumstances, people are naturally inclined to follow "
+"those wishes. This is particularly the case for something as straightforward "
+"and consistent with basic notions of fairness as providing credit."
msgstr ""
"Cada licencia Creative Commons requiere que se de crédito a la persona "
"autora, y que quienes lo reutilicen brinden un enlace de vuelta a la fuente "
"sociales, más que la amenaza de aplicar la ley, lo que por lo general motiva "
"a la gente a dar atribución y cumplir con los términos de las licencias CC "
"de cualquier forma. Esta es la marca de cualquier comunidad que funciona "
-"bien, tanto dentro del mercado como de la sociedad en general.19 Las "
-"licencias CC reflejan un conjunto de deseos de parte de las personas "
-"creadoras, y en una gran mayoría de circunstancias, las personas están "
-"inclinadas de forma natural a seguir esos deseos. Esto se da en particular "
-"en el caso de algo tan directo y consistente con nociones básicas de "
-"justicia, como dar crédito."
+"bien, tanto dentro del mercado como de la sociedad en general.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Las licencias CC reflejan un conjunto de deseos "
+"de parte de las personas creadoras, y en una gran mayoría de circunstancias, "
+"las personas están inclinadas de forma natural a seguir esos deseos. Esto se "
+"da en particular en el caso de algo tan directo y consistente con nociones "
+"básicas de justicia, como dar crédito."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1542
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:1999
msgid ""
"The fact that the name of the creator follows a CC-licensed work makes the "
"licenses an important means to develop a reputation or, in corporate speak, "
"con CC es una forma de tener a la mayor cantidad posible de gente viendo y "
"citando su trabajo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1554
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2013
msgid ""
"Attribution can be about more than just receiving credit. It can also be "
"about establishing provenance. People naturally want to know where content "
"came from—the source of a work is sometimes just as interesting as the work "
"itself. Opendesk is a platform for furniture designers to share their "
-"designs. Consumers who like those designs can then get matched with local "
+"designs. Consumers who like those designs can then get matched with local "
"makers who turn the designs into real-life furniture. The fact that I, "
"sitting in the middle of the United States, can pick out a design created by "
"a designer in Tokyo and then use a maker within my own community to "
"tangible es parte del poder de su plataforma. La procedencia del diseño es "
"una parte especial del producto."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1562
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2028
msgid ""
"Knowing the source of a work is also critical to ensuring its credibility. "
"Just as a trademark is designed to give consumers a way to identify the "
"discursos en línea están plagados de desinformación, ser una fuente "
"confiable de información es más valioso que nunca."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1564
-msgid "#### Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2038
+msgid "Use CC-licensed content as a marketing tool"
msgstr ""
-"#### Utilizar el contenido licenciado con CC como una herramienta "
-"publicitaria"
+"Utilizar el contenido licenciado con CC como una herramienta publicitaria"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1571
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2040
msgid ""
"As we will cover in more detail later, many endeavors that are Made with "
"Creative Commons make money by providing a product or service other than the "
"con CC. En todos los casos, el contenido licenciado con CC puede atraer y "
"llevar a la gente al otro producto o servicio."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1584
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2062
+msgid "Anderson, Free, 44."
+msgstr "Anderson, Free, 44."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2049
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us she has seen time and again how "
"offering CC-licensed content—that is, digitally for free—actually increases "
"most recognizable painting on the planet. Its ubiquity has the effect of "
"catalyzing interest in seeing the painting in person, and in owning physical "
"goods with the image. Abundant copies of the content often entice more "
-"demand, not blunt it. Another example came with the advent of the radio. "
+"demand, not blunt it. Another example came with the advent of the radio. "
"Although the music industry did not see it coming (and fought it!), free "
"music on the radio functioned as advertising for the paid version people "
-"bought in music stores.20 Free can be a form of promotion."
+"bought in music stores.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Free can be "
+"a form of promotion."
msgstr ""
"Frances Pinter, de Knowledge Unlatched, nos contó que ella ha visto una y "
"otra vez cómo ofrecer contenido licenciado con una licencia CC —esto es, "
"Otro ejemplo proviene del advenimiento de la radio. Aunque la industria "
"musical no la vio venir (¡e incluso luchó contra ella!), la música gratis en "
"la radio funcionó como una forma de publicidad para la versión paga que la "
-"gente compraba en las tiendas de música.20 Lo gratuito puede ser una forma "
-"de promoción."
+"gente compraba en las tiendas de música.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/> Lo gratuito puede ser una forma de promoción."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1598
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2066
msgid ""
"In some cases, endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons do not even "
"need dedicated marketing teams or marketing budgets. Cards Against Humanity "
"marketing. The textbook publisher OpenStax has also avoided hiring a "
"marketing team. Their products are free, or cheaper to buy in the case of "
"physical copies, which makes them much more attractive to students who then "
-"demand them from their universities. They also partner with service "
+"demand them from their universities. They also partner with service "
"providers who build atop the CC-licensed content and, in turn, spend money "
"and resources marketing those services (and by extension, the OpenStax "
"textbooks)."
"gastan dinero yrecursos publicitando esos servicios (y, por extensión, los "
"libros de texto de OpenStax)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1600
-msgid "#### Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2083
+msgid "Use CC to enable hands-on engagement with your work"
msgstr ""
-"#### Utilizar CC para que otros se comprometan con tu trabajo y participen "
+"Utilizar CC para que otros se comprometan con tu trabajo y participen "
"activamente"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1605
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2086
msgid ""
"The great promise of Creative Commons licensing is that it signifies an "
"embrace of remix culture. Indeed, this is the great promise of digital "
"tecnología digital. La Internet abrió todo un mundo nuevo de posibilidades "
"para la participación pública en el trabajo creativo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1615
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2100
+msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23."
+msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2093
msgid ""
"Four of the six CC licenses enable reusers to take apart, build upon, or "
"otherwise adapt the work. Depending on the context, adaptation can mean "
"wildly different things—translating, updating, localizing, improving, "
"transforming. It enables a work to be customized for particular needs, uses, "
-"people, and communities, which is another distinct value to offer the "
-"public.21 Adaptation is more game changing in some contexts than others. "
-"With educational materials, the ability to customize and update the content "
-"is critically important for its usefulness. For photography, the ability to "
-"adapt a photo is less important."
+"people, and communities, which is another distinct value to offer the public."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Adaptation is more game changing "
+"in some contexts than others. With educational materials, the ability to "
+"customize and update the content is critically important for its usefulness. "
+"For photography, the ability to adapt a photo is less important."
msgstr ""
"Cuatro de las seis licencias de Creative Commons habilitan a los remixadores "
"tomar algo, construir sobre o de otra manera adaptar el trabajo. Dependiendo "
"diferentes —traducir, actualizar, contextualizar, mejorar, transformar. "
"Permite que una obra sea customizada para necesidades particulares, usos, "
"personas y comunidades, que es otro valor distintivo para ofrecerle al "
-"público.21 La adaptación cambia más el juego en algunos contextos que en "
-"otros. Con los materiales educativos, la posibilidad de adaptarlos y "
-"actualizar el contenido es de una importancia crítica para su utilidad. Para "
-"la fotografía, la posibilidad de adaptar una foto es menos importante."
+"público.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> La adaptación cambia más "
+"el juego en algunos contextos que en otros. Con los materiales educativos, "
+"la posibilidad de adaptarlos y actualizar el contenido es de una importancia "
+"crítica para su utilidad. Para la fotografía, la posibilidad de adaptar una "
+"foto es menos importante."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2113
+msgid "Anderson, Free, 67."
+msgstr "Anderson, Free, 67."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2118
+msgid "Ibid., 58."
+msgstr "Ibid., 58."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1627
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2121
+msgid "Anderson, Makers, 71."
+msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 71."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2126
+msgid ""
+"Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
+"Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78."
+msgstr ""
+"Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
+"Collaborators (Londres: Penguin Books, 2010), 78."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2108
msgid ""
"This is a way to counteract a potential downside of the abundance of free "
"and open content described above. As Anderson wrote in Free, “People often "
"don’t care as much about things they don’t pay for, and as a result they "
-"don’t think as much about how they consume them.”22 If even the tiny act of "
-"volition of paying one penny for something changes our perception of that "
-"thing, then surely the act of remixing it enhances our perception "
-"exponentially.23 We know that people will pay more for products they had a "
-"part in creating.24 And we know that creating something, no matter what "
-"quality, brings with it a type of creative satisfaction that can never be "
-"replaced by consuming something created by someone else.25"
+"don’t think as much about how they consume them.”<placeholder type=\"footnote"
+"\" id=\"0\"/> If even the tiny act of volition of paying one penny for "
+"something changes our perception of that thing, then surely the act of "
+"remixing it enhances our perception exponentially.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> We know that people will pay more for products they "
+"had a part in creating.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> And we know "
+"that creating something, no matter what quality, brings with it a type of "
+"creative satisfaction that can never be replaced by consuming something "
+"created by someone else.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Esta es una forma de contrarrestar un potencial aspecto negativo de la "
"abundancia del contenido libre y abierto descripto más arriba. Como Anderson "
"escribió en Free, “las personas a menudo no se preocupan tanto de las cosas "
"por las que no pagaron, y como resultado no piensan tanto sobre cómo las "
-"consumen.”22 Si el pequeño acto de voluntad de pagar incluso un centavo por "
-"algo cambia nuestra percepción de ese objeto, entonces definitivamente el "
-"acto de remixarlo aumenta exponencialmente nuestra percepción de él.23 "
-"Sabemos que la gente pagará más por productos en los que tomó parte en "
-"crearlos.24 Y sabemos que crear algo, no importa de qué calidad, trae "
-"consigo un tipo de satisfacción creativa que nunca puede ser reemplazada "
-"consumiendo algo creado por otro.25"
+"consumen.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\" /> Si el pequeño acto "
+"volitivo de pagar incluso un centavo por algo cambia nuestra percepción de "
+"ese objeto, entonces definitivamente el acto de remezclarlo aumenta "
+"exponencialmente nuestra percepción de él.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"1\"/> Sabemos que la gente pagará más por productos en cuya creación "
+"estuvo involucrada.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"2\"/> Y sabemos que "
+"crear algo, no importa de qué calidad, conlleva un tipo de satisfacción "
+"creativa que nunca puede ser reemplazada consumiendo algo creado por otro.<"
+"placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"3\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2139
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Ibid., 15."
+msgid "Ibid., 21."
+msgstr "Ibid., 21."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1635
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2132
msgid ""
"Actively engaging with the content helps us avoid the type of aimless "
"consumption that anyone who has absentmindedly scrolled through their social-"
"media feeds for an hour knows all too well. In his book, Cognitive Surplus, "
"Clay Shirky says, “To participate is to act as if your presence matters, as "
"if, when you see something or hear something, your response is part of the "
-"event.”26 Opening the door to your content can get people more deeply tied "
-"to your work."
+"event.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opening the door to your "
+"content can get people more deeply tied to your work."
msgstr ""
"Comprometerse activamente con el contenido nos ayuda a evitar el tipo de "
"consumo sin sentido que conoce muy bien cualquiera que haya revisado durante "
"una hora sus redes sociales sin prestar atención. En su libro \"Cognitive "
"Surplus\" Clay Shirky dice: “Participar es actuar como si tu presencia "
"importara, como si, cuando ves algo o escuchás algo, tu respuesta fuera "
-"parte del evento”.26 Abrir la puerta a tu contenido puede hacer que la gente "
-"se conecte más profundamente con tu trabajo."
+"parte del evento”.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\" /> Abrir la puerta "
+"a tu contenido puede hacer que la gente se conecte más profundamente con tu "
+"trabajo."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2145
+msgid "Use CC to differentiate yourself"
+msgstr "Usar CC para diferenciarse"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1637
-msgid "#### Use CC to differentiate yourself"
-msgstr "#### Usar CC para diferenciarse"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2154
+msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43."
+msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1649
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2147
msgid ""
"Operating under a traditional copyright regime usually means operating under "
"the rules of establishment players in the media. Business strategies that "
"are embedded in the traditional copyright system, like using digital rights "
"management (DRM) and signing exclusivity contracts, can tie the hands of "
-"creators, often at the expense of the creator’s best interest.27 Being Made "
-"with Creative Commons means you can function without those barriers and, in "
-"many cases, use the increased openness as a competitive advantage. David "
-"Harris from OpenStax said they specifically pursue strategies they know that "
-"traditional publishers cannot. “Don’t go into a market and play by the "
-"incumbent rules,” David said. “Change the rules of engagement.”"
+"creators, often at the expense of the creator’s best interest.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Being Made with Creative Commons means you can "
+"function without those barriers and, in many cases, use the increased "
+"openness as a competitive advantage. David Harris from OpenStax said they "
+"specifically pursue strategies they know that traditional publishers cannot. "
+"“Don’t go into a market and play by the incumbent rules,” David said. "
+"“Change the rules of engagement.”"
msgstr ""
"Operar bajo un régimen tradicional de derecho de autor a menudo significa "
"operar bajo las reglas de los jugadores establecidos en los medios. Las "
"derecho de autor, como utilizar sistemas de gestión digital de derechos "
"(DRM, por sus siglas en inglés) y firmar contratos de exclusividad, puede "
"atar las manos de los creadores, a menudo a costa de los propios intereses "
-"del creador.27 Estar Hecho con Creative Commons significa que se puede "
-"funcionar sin esas barreras y, en muchos casos, utilizar la apertura "
-"incrementada como una ventaja competitiva. David Harris de OpenStax dijo que "
-"ellos específicamente persiguen estrategias que saben que los editores "
-"tradicionales no pueden buscar. “No vayas al mercado y juegues según las "
-"reglas impuestas”, dijo David. “Cambia las reglas del juego.”"
+"del creador.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Estar _Hecho con "
+"Creative Commons_ significa que se puede funcionar sin esas barreras y, en "
+"muchos casos, utilizar la apertura incrementada como una ventaja "
+"competitiva. David Harris de OpenStax dijo que ellos específicamente "
+"persiguen estrategias que saben que los editores tradicionales no pueden "
+"buscar. “No vayas al mercado y juegues según las reglas impuestas”, dijo "
+"David. “Cambia las reglas del juego.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1651
-msgid "### Making Money"
-msgstr "### Hacer dinero"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2166
+msgid "Making Money"
+msgstr "Hacer dinero"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1666
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2176
+msgid ""
+"William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, “Ten Nonprofit "
+"Funding Models,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009, <ulink url="
+"\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, y Barbara Christiansen, “Ten Nonprofit "
+"Funding Models,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Primavera 2009, <ulink "
+"url=\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2168
msgid ""
"Like any moneymaking endeavor, those that are Made with Creative Commons "
-"have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. "
+"have to generate some type of value for their audience or customers. "
"Sometimes that value is subsidized by funders who are not actually "
"beneficiaries of that value. Funders, whether philanthropic institutions, "
"governments, or concerned individuals, provide money to the organization out "
"of a sense of pure altruism. This is the way traditional nonprofit funding "
-"operates.28 But in many cases, the revenue streams used by endeavors that "
-"are Made with Creative Commons are directly tied to the value they generate, "
-"where the recipient is paying for the value they receive like any standard "
-"market transaction. In still other cases, rather than the quid pro quo "
-"exchange of money for value that typically drives market transactions, the "
-"recipient gives money out of a sense of reciprocity."
+"operates.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But in many cases, the "
+"revenue streams used by endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons are "
+"directly tied to the value they generate, where the recipient is paying for "
+"the value they receive like any standard market transaction. In still other "
+"cases, rather than the quid pro quo exchange of money for value that "
+"typically drives market transactions, the recipient gives money out of a "
+"sense of reciprocity."
msgstr ""
"Como cualquier emprendimiento que busca hacer dinero, aquellos que están "
"Hechos con Creative Commons tienen que generar algún tipo de valor para su "
"no son en realidad los beneficiarios de ese valor. Los donantes, ya sean "
"instituciones filantrópicas, gobiernos o individuos interesados, proveen "
"dinero a la organización a partir de un sentido de puro altruismo. Esta es "
-"la forma en la que opera la donación tradicional sin ánimo de lucro.28 Pero "
-"en muchos casos, los flujos de ganancia utilizados por los emprendimientos "
-"Hechos con Creative Commons están directamente atados al valor que generan, "
-"donde el receptor está pagando por el valor que reciben, como cualquier "
-"transacción estándar en el mercado. Aún así, en muchos otros casos,en vez "
-"del típico intercambio quid pro quo de dinero por valor que típicamente "
-"conduce a las transacciones en el mercado, el receptor entrega dinero a "
-"partir de un sentido de reciprocidad."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1674
+"la forma en la que opera la donación tradicional sin ánimo de lucro."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero en muchos casos, los flujos "
+"de ganancia utilizados por los emprendimientos Hechos con Creative Commons "
+"están directamente atados al valor que generan, donde el receptor está "
+"pagando por el valor que reciben, como cualquier transacción estándar en el "
+"mercado. Aún así, en muchos otros casos,en vez del típico intercambio quid "
+"pro quo de dinero por valor que típicamente conduce a las transacciones en "
+"el mercado, el receptor entrega dinero a partir de un sentido de "
+"reciprocidad."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2197
+msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111."
+msgstr "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2189
msgid ""
"Most who are Made with Creative Commons use a variety of methods to bring in "
"revenue, some market-based and some not. One common strategy is using grant "
"funding for content creation when research-and-development costs are "
"particularly high, and then finding a different revenue stream (or streams) "
"for ongoing expenses. As Shirky wrote, “The trick is in knowing when markets "
-"are an optimal way of organizing interactions and when they are not.”29"
+"are an optimal way of organizing interactions and when they are "
+"not.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
"La mayoría de los que están Hechos con Creative Commons utilizan una "
"variedad de métodos para traer ganancias, algunos de ellos basados en el "
"desarrollo son particularmente altos, y luego buscar un flujo (o flujos) "
"diferentes de ganancias para los gastos corrientes. Como escribió Shirky, "
"“El truco está en saber cuándo los mercados son una forma óptima de "
-"organizar las interacciones y cuándo no.”29"
+"organizar las interacciones y cuándo no.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1681
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2201
msgid ""
"Our case studies explore in more detail the various revenue-generating "
"mechanisms used by the creators, organizations, and businesses we "
"interviewed. There is nuance hidden within the specific ways each of them "
"makes money, so it is a bit dangerous to generalize too much about what we "
-"learned. Nonetheless, zooming out and viewing things from a higher level of "
+"learned. Nonetheless, zooming out and viewing things from a higher level of "
"abstraction can be instructive."
msgstr ""
"Nuestros estudios de caso exploran en más detalle los varios mecanismos "
"instructivo tomar distancia para observar y ver las cosas desde un nivel más "
"alto de abstracción."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1683
-msgid "#### Market-based revenue streams"
-msgstr "#### Flujos de ganancia basados en el mercado"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2210
+msgid "Market-based revenue streams"
+msgstr "Flujos de ingresos basados en el mercado"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2215
+msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30."
+msgstr "Osterwalder y Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2222
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. "
+#| "Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
+msgid ""
+"Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance "
+"(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202."
+msgstr ""
+"Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance "
+"(Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1690
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2212
msgid ""
"In the market, the central question when determining how to bring in revenue "
-"is what value people are willing to pay for.30 By definition, if you are "
-"Made with Creative Commons, the content you provide is available for free "
-"and not a market commodity. Like the ubiquitous freemium business model, any "
-"possible market transaction with a consumer of your content has to be based "
-"on some added value you provide.31"
+"is what value people are willing to pay for.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
+"id=\"0\"/> By definition, if you are Made with Creative Commons, the content "
+"you provide is available for free and not a market commodity. Like the "
+"ubiquitous freemium business model, any possible market transaction with a "
+"consumer of your content has to be based on some added value you provide."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
"En el mercado, la pregunta central al determinar cómo traer ingresos es qué "
-"valora la gente y por qué están dispuestos a pagar.30 Por definición, si "
-"estás Hecho con Creative Commons, el contenido que proveés está disponible "
-"de manera gratuita y no es una bien en el mercado. Al igual que el extendido "
-"modelo de negocios \"freemium\", cualquier posible transacción en el mercado "
-"con un consumidor de tu contenido tiene que estar basada en un tipo de valor "
-"añadido que uno le provee al producto.31"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1704
+"es lo que valora la gente y por qué están dispuestos a pagar.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Por definición, si estás Hecho con Creative "
+"Commons, el contenido que proveés está disponible de manera gratuita y no es "
+"un bien en el mercado. Al igual que el extendido modelo de negocios \""
+"freemium\", cualquier transacción posible en el mercado con un consumidor de "
+"tu contenido tiene que estar basada en un tipo de valor añadido que uno le "
+"provee al producto.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2238
+msgid "Anderson, Free, 71."
+msgstr "Anderson, Free, 71."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2228
msgid ""
"In many ways, this is the way of the future for all content-driven "
"endeavors. In the market, value lives in things that are scarce. Because the "
"industry is a testament to this fact. This is compounded by the fact that at "
"least some amount of copying is probably inevitable. That means you may end "
"up competing with free versions of your own content, whether you condone it "
-"or not.32 If people can easily find your content for free, getting people to "
-"buy it will be difficult, particularly in a context where access to content "
-"is more important than owning it. In Free, Anderson wrote, “Copyright "
-"protection schemes, whether coded into either law or software, are simply "
-"holding up a price against the force of gravity.”"
+"or not.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> If people can easily find "
+"your content for free, getting people to buy it will be difficult, "
+"particularly in a context where access to content is more important than "
+"owning it. In Free, Anderson wrote, “Copyright protection schemes, whether "
+"coded into either law or software, are simply holding up a price against the "
+"force of gravity.”"
msgstr ""
"De muchas maneras, este es el camino al futuro para todas las empresas de "
"contenido. En el mercado, el valor vive en las cosas que son escasas. La "
-"Internet crea un universo de contenido disponible para todos gratuitamentes, "
-"es difícil hacer que la getnte pague por el contenido en línea. La "
-"luchadora industria periodística es un testamento de este hecho. Esto junto "
-"al hecho de que al menos un poco de plagio sea probablemente inevitable. "
-"Eso significa que terminaras compitiendo con versiones libres de tu propio "
-"contenido, ya sea que lo aceptes o no. 32 Si la gente puede hallar tú "
-"contenido sin costo, hacer que lo compren será difícil, particularmente en "
-"un contexto donde el acceso al contenido es más importante que poseerlo. En "
-"Free, Anderson escribió, \" Los esquemas de protección de copyright, este "
-"inscrito en software o en la ley, está simplemente manteniendo un precio en "
-"contra de la fuerza de la gravedad.\""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1713
+"Internet crea un universo de contenido disponible para todos gratuitamente, "
+"es difícil hacer que la gente pague por el contenido en línea. La luchadora "
+"industria periodística es un testamento de este hecho. Esto junto al hecho "
+"de que al menos un poco de plagio sea probablemente inevitable. Eso "
+"significa que terminaras compitiendo con versiones libres de tu propio "
+"contenido, ya sea que lo aceptes o no.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\""
+" /> Si la gente puede hallar tu contenido sin costo, hacer que lo compren "
+"será difícil, particularmente en un contexto donde el acceso al contenido es "
+"más importante que poseerlo. En Free, Anderson escribió, \" Los esquemas de "
+"protección de derechos de autor, este inscrito en software o en la ley, "
+"está simplemente manteniendo un precio en contra de la fuerza de la gravedad."
+"\""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2257
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Ibid., 15."
+msgid "Ibid., 231."
+msgstr "Ibid., 231."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2247
msgid ""
"Of course, this doesn’t mean that content-driven endeavors have no future in "
"the traditional marketplace. In Free, Anderson explains how when one product "
"or service becomes free, as information and content largely have in the "
-"digital age, other things become more valuable. “Every abundance creates a "
+"digital age, other things become more valuable. “Every abundance creates a "
"new scarcity,” he wrote. You just have to find some way other than the "
"content to provide value to your audience or customers. As Anderson says, "
"“It’s easy to compete with Free: simply offer something better or at least "
-"different from the free version.”33"
+"different from the free version.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Por supuesto, esto no significa que las empresas de contenido no tengan "
"futuro en el mercado tradicional. En Free, Anderson explica como cuando un "
"largamente han sido en la era digital, otras cosas se vuelven mas valiosas. "
"\" Toda abundancia crea una nueva escasez,\" escribió. Sólo tienes que "
"encontrar otra via para que el contenido provea valor a tu audiencia o "
-"clientela. Como dice Anderson, \"Es sencillo competir con la gratuidad: "
-"simplemente ofrcece algo mejor o al menos diferente de la versión gratuita."
-"\"33"
+"clientela. Como dice Anderson, ”Es sencillo competir con la gratuidad: "
+"simplemente ofrcece algo mejor o al menos diferente de la versión gratuita.”<"
+"placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> 1"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1720
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2261
msgid ""
"In light of this reality, in some ways endeavors that are Made with Creative "
"Commons are at a level playing field with all content-based endeavors in the "
"era digital. De hecho, es posible que tengan una ventaja porque ellos puden "
"usar la abundancia de contenido para obtener ganancia de algo escaso. "
"Tambien se pueden beneficiar de la buena voluntad sostenida por los valores "
-"detras de Hecho con Creative Commons."
+"detras de _Hecho con Creative Commons_."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1726
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2270
msgid ""
"For content creators and distributors, there are nearly infinite ways to "
"provide value to the consumers of your work, above and beyond the value that "
"licenciado bajo CC funciona como una herramienta de mercadeo del producto o "
"servicio asociado con un costo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1728
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2277
msgid "Here are the most common high-level categories."
msgstr "Aquí hay algunas de la categorias superiores."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1730
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2281
msgid ""
-"#### Providing a custom service to consumers of your work * \\[MARKET-BASED"
-"\\]*"
+"Providing a custom service to consumers of your work <emphasis>[MARKET-"
+"BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
-"#### Proveer servicio personalizado a los consumidores de tu trabajo *"
-"\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*"
+"Proveer servicio personalizado a los consumidores de tu trabajo <emphasis>["
+"BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1739
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2291
+msgid "Ibid., 97."
+msgstr "Ibid., 97."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2284
msgid ""
"In this age of information abundance, we don’t lack for content. The trick "
"is finding content that matches our needs and wants, so customized services "
-"are particularly valuable. As Anderson wrote, “Commodity information "
-"(everybody gets the same version) wants to be free. Customized information "
-"(you get something unique and meaningful to you) wants to be expensive.”34 "
-"This can be anything from the artistic and cultural consulting services "
-"provided by Ártica to the custom-song business of Jonathan “Song-A-Day” Mann."
+"are particularly valuable. As Anderson wrote, “Commodity information "
+"(everybody gets the same version) wants to be free. Customized information "
+"(you get something unique and meaningful to you) wants to be "
+"expensive.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> This can be anything "
+"from the artistic and cultural consulting services provided by Ártica to the "
+"custom-song business of Jonathan “Song-A-Day” Mann."
msgstr ""
"En esta era de la abundancia de la información, no sufriremos por falta de "
"contenido. El truco es encontrar contenido que se ajuste a nuestras "
"necesidades y preferencias, por lo que los servicios personalizados son "
-"particularmente valiosos. Como escribió Anderson, \"Los bienes de contenido "
-"(todos obtienen la misma versión) requieren ser libres. Los contenidos "
-"personalizados ( obtienes algo único y significativo para ti) requieren un "
-"costo.\"34 Esto pude ser cualquier cosa desde los servicios de consultoria "
-"artistica y cultural provista por Ártica hasta el negocio de canciones "
-"personalizadas de Jonathan \"Una-canción-al-dia\" Mann."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1741
-msgid "#### Charging for the physical copy * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
-msgstr "#### Cobrando por la copia física *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*"
+"particularmente valiosos. Como escribió Anderson, \"Los bienes de contenido ("
+"todos obtienen la misma versión) requieren ser libres. Los contenidos "
+"personalizados (obtienes algo único y significativo para ti) requieren un "
+"costo.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\" /> Esto pude ser cualquier "
+"cosa desde los servicios de consultoria artistica y cultural provista por "
+"Ártica hasta el negocio de canciones personalizadas de Jonathan \"Una-"
+"canción-al-dia\" Mann."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2298
+msgid "Charging for the physical copy <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
+msgstr ""
+"Cobrando por la copia física <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2305
+#, fuzzy
+msgid "Anderson, Makers, 107."
+msgstr "Anderson, Makers, 107."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1762
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2301
msgid ""
"In his book about maker culture, Anderson characterizes this model as giving "
"away the bits and selling the atoms (where bits refers to digital content "
-"and atoms refer to a physical object).35 This is particularly successful in "
-"domains where the digital version of the content isn’t as valuable as the "
-"analog version, like book publishing where a significant subset of people "
-"still prefer reading something they can hold in their hands. Or in domains "
-"where the content isn’t useful until it is in physical form, like furniture "
-"designs. In those situations, a significant portion of consumers will pay "
-"for the convenience of having someone else put the physical version together "
-"for them. Some endeavors squeeze even more out of this revenue stream by "
-"using a Creative Commons license that only allows noncommercial uses, which "
-"means no one else can sell physical copies of their work in competition with "
-"them. This strategy of reserving commercial rights can be particularly "
-"important for items like books, where every printed copy of the same work is "
-"likely to be the same quality, so it is harder to differentiate one "
-"publishing service from another. On the other hand, for items like furniture "
-"or electronics, the provider of the physical goods can compete with other "
-"providers of the same works based on quality, service, or other traditional "
-"business principles."
+"and atoms refer to a physical object).<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/> This is particularly successful in domains where the digital version "
+"of the content isn’t as valuable as the analog version, like book publishing "
+"where a significant subset of people still prefer reading something they can "
+"hold in their hands. Or in domains where the content isn’t useful until it "
+"is in physical form, like furniture designs. In those situations, a "
+"significant portion of consumers will pay for the convenience of having "
+"someone else put the physical version together for them. Some endeavors "
+"squeeze even more out of this revenue stream by using a Creative Commons "
+"license that only allows noncommercial uses, which means no one else can "
+"sell physical copies of their work in competition with them. This strategy "
+"of reserving commercial rights can be particularly important for items like "
+"books, where every printed copy of the same work is likely to be the same "
+"quality, so it is harder to differentiate one publishing service from "
+"another. On the other hand, for items like furniture or electronics, the "
+"provider of the physical goods can compete with other providers of the same "
+"works based on quality, service, or other traditional business principles."
msgstr ""
"En su libro acerca de los creadores culturales, Anderson caracterizó el "
"modelo como dar los bits y vender los átomos (donde bits se refiere al "
-"contenido digital y átomos se refiere a los objetos físicos).35 Esto es "
-"particularmente exitoso en ámbitos donde la versión digital del contenido no "
-"es tan valiosa como la versión analógica, como las editoriales donde una "
-"significativa parte de la gente todavía prefiere leér algo que puedan "
-"sostener con las manos. O en áreas donde el contenido no es útil hasta que "
-"esta en su forma física, como el diseño de muebles. En esas situaciones, una "
-"parte significativa de los consumidores pagará por la conveniencia de tener "
-"alguien que ponga la versión física junto a ellos. Algunas empresas aun más "
-"ventaja de este flujo de ganancias al usar una licencia Creative Commons que "
-"solo permite usos no comerciales, lo que significa que nadie más puede "
-"vender copias físicas de su trabajo en competencia con ellos. Esta "
-"estrategia de reservar derechos comerciales pueden ser particularmente "
-"importantes para artículos como libros, donde cada copia impresa del mismo "
-"libro debería tener la misma calidad, por lo que es difícil de diferenciar "
-"un servicio de publicación de otro. De otra parte, para artículos como "
-"mobilario o electrónica, el proveedor de bienes físicos puede competir con "
-"otros proveedores del mismo trabajo basado en la calidad, servicio, o algún "
-"otro principio de trabajo tradicional."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1764
-msgid "#### Charging for the in-person version * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
-msgstr "#### Cobrando por la versión en persona *\\[BASADA EN EL MERCADO\\]*"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1772
+"contenido digital y átomos se refiere a los objetos físicos).<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Esto es particularmente exitoso en ámbitos "
+"donde la versión digital del contenido no es tan valiosa como la versión "
+"analógica, como las editoriales donde una significativa parte de la gente "
+"todavía prefiere leer algo que puedan sostener con las manos. O en áreas "
+"donde el contenido no es útil hasta que esta en su forma física, como el "
+"diseño de muebles. En esas situaciones, una parte significativa de los "
+"consumidores pagará por la conveniencia de tener alguien que ponga la "
+"versión física junto a ellos. Algunas empresas aun más ventaja de este flujo "
+"de ganancias al usar una licencia Creative Commons que solo permite usos no "
+"comerciales, lo que significa que nadie más puede vender copias físicas de "
+"su trabajo en competencia con ellos. Esta estrategia de reservar derechos "
+"comerciales pueden ser particularmente importantes para artículos como "
+"libros, donde cada copia impresa del mismo libro debería tener la misma "
+"calidad, por lo que es difícil de diferenciar un servicio de publicación de "
+"otro. De otra parte, para artículos como mobiliario o electrónica, el "
+"proveedor de bienes físicos puede competir con otros proveedores del mismo "
+"trabajo basado en la calidad, servicio, o algún otro principio de trabajo "
+"tradicional."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2329
+msgid "Charging for the in-person version <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
+msgstr ""
+"Cobrando por la versión en persona <emphasis>[BASADA EN EL "
+"MERCADO]</emphasis>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2332
msgid ""
"As anyone who has ever gone to a concert will tell you, experiencing "
"creativity in person is a completely different experience from consuming a "
"originales en persona o paga por asistir a una plática o a un curso de "
"capacitación."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1774
-msgid "#### Selling merchandise * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
-msgstr "#### Vendiendo mercancia *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2343
+msgid "Selling merchandise <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
+msgstr "Vendiendo mercancia <emphasis>[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]</emphasis>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1779
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2346
msgid ""
"In many cases, people who like your work will pay for products demonstrating "
"a connection to your work. As a child of the 1980s, I can personally attest "
"puedo atestiguar personalmente el poder de una playera de un buen concierto. "
"Esto puede ser un flujo de ganancias importante para galerias y museos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1790
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2363
+msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2353
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing "
+#| "value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. "
+#| "In these revenue streams, the free content is being subsidized by an "
+#| "entirely different category of people or businesses. Often, those people "
+#| "or businesses are paying to access your main audience. The fact that the "
+#| "content is free increases the size of the audience, which in turn makes "
+#| "the offer more valuable to the paying customers. This is a variation of a "
+#| "traditional business model built on free called multi-sided platforms.36 "
+#| "Access to your audience isn’t the only thing people are willing to pay for"
+#| "—there are other services you can provide as well."
msgid ""
"Sometimes the way to find a market-based revenue stream is by providing "
-"value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In "
+"value to people other than those who consume your CC-licensed content. In "
"these revenue streams, the free content is being subsidized by an entirely "
"different category of people or businesses. Often, those people or "
"businesses are paying to access your main audience. The fact that the "
"content is free increases the size of the audience, which in turn makes the "
"offer more valuable to the paying customers. This is a variation of a "
-"traditional business model built on free called multi-sided platforms.36 "
-"Access to your audience isn’t the only thing people are willing to pay for—"
-"there are other services you can provide as well."
+"traditional business model built on free called multi-sided platforms."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Access to your audience isn’t the "
+"only thing people are willing to pay for—there are other services you can "
+"provide as well."
msgstr ""
"Algunas veces una via para encontrar un flujo de ganancias basadas en el "
"mercado es proveer valor a otras personas distintas a las que consumen tu "
"es la única cosa por la que la gente está dispuesta a pagar -- existen otros "
"servicios que tambien se pueden proveer."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1792
-msgid "#### Charging advertisers or sponsors * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2370
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "#### Charging advertisers or sponsors *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
+msgid "Charging advertisers or sponsors <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"#### Cobrando a los anunciantes o promotores *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1803
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2378
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Ibid., 15."
+msgid "Ibid., 92."
+msgstr "Ibid., 15."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2382
+msgid "Anderson, Free, 142."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2373
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this "
+#| "version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to "
+#| "reach the set of eyeballs the content creators provide in the form of "
+#| "their audience.37 The Internet has made this model more difficult because "
+#| "the number of potential channels available to reach those eyeballs has "
+#| "become essentially infinite.38 Nonetheless, it remains a viable revenue "
+#| "stream for many content creators, including those who are Made with "
+#| "Creative Commons. Often, instead of paying to display advertising, the "
+#| "advertiser pays to be an official sponsor of particular content or "
+#| "projects, or of the overall endeavor."
msgid ""
"The traditional model of subsidizing free content is advertising. In this "
"version of multi-sided platforms, advertisers pay for the opportunity to "
"reach the set of eyeballs the content creators provide in the form of their "
-"audience.37 The Internet has made this model more difficult because the "
-"number of potential channels available to reach those eyeballs has become "
-"essentially infinite.38 Nonetheless, it remains a viable revenue stream for "
+"audience.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The Internet has made "
+"this model more difficult because the number of potential channels available "
+"to reach those eyeballs has become essentially infinite.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Nonetheless, it remains a viable revenue stream for "
"many content creators, including those who are Made with Creative Commons. "
"Often, instead of paying to display advertising, the advertiser pays to be "
"an official sponsor of particular content or projects, or of the overall "
"anunciante paga por ser un promotor oficial de un contenido o proyecto "
"particular, o de toda la empresa."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1805
-msgid "#### Charging your content creators * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
-msgstr "#### Cobrando a los creadores de contenido *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]\\*"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2391
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "#### Charging your content creators *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
+msgid "Charging your content creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
+msgstr ""
+"#### Cobrando a los creadores de contenido *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1815
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2394
msgid ""
"Another type of multisided platform is where the content creators themselves "
-"pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only "
+"pay to be featured on the platform. Obviously, this revenue stream is only "
"available to those who rely on work created, at least in part, by others. "
"The most well-known version of this model is the “author-processing charge” "
"of open-access journals like those published by the Public Library of "
"universidades pagan para que sus facultades participen como escritores del "
"contenido del website de The Conversation."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1817
-msgid "#### Charging a transaction fee * \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
-msgstr "#### Cobrando una cuota por transacción *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO]\\*"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2408
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "#### Charging a transaction fee *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
+msgid "Charging a transaction fee <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
+msgstr "#### Cobrando una cuota por transacción *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2413
+msgid "Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32."
+msgstr ""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1827
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2411
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering "
+#| "transactions between parties.39 Curation is an important element of this "
+#| "model. Platforms like the Noun Project add value by wading through CC-"
+#| "licensed content to curate a high-quality set and then derive revenue "
+#| "when creators of that content make transactions with customers. Other "
+#| "platforms make money when service providers transact with their "
+#| "customers; for example, Opendesk makes money every time someone on their "
+#| "site pays a maker to make furniture based on one of the designs on the "
+#| "platform."
msgid ""
"This is a version of a traditional business model based on brokering "
-"transactions between parties.39 Curation is an important element of this "
-"model. Platforms like the Noun Project add value by wading through CC-"
-"licensed content to curate a high-quality set and then derive revenue when "
-"creators of that content make transactions with customers. Other platforms "
-"make money when service providers transact with their customers; for "
-"example, Opendesk makes money every time someone on their site pays a maker "
-"to make furniture based on one of the designs on the platform."
+"transactions between parties.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"Curation is an important element of this model. Platforms like the Noun "
+"Project add value by wading through CC-licensed content to curate a high-"
+"quality set and then derive revenue when creators of that content make "
+"transactions with customers. Other platforms make money when service "
+"providers transact with their customers; for example, Opendesk makes money "
+"every time someone on their site pays a maker to make furniture based on one "
+"of the designs on the platform."
msgstr ""
"Esta es una versión del modelo tradicionale de negocios basado en gestionar "
"transacciones entre participantes. 39 La curaduría es un elemento importante "
"que alguien en su sitio le paga a un creador para hacer mobilario basado en "
"uno de los diseños en su plataforma."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1829
-msgid "#### Providing a service to your creators* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2425
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "#### Providing a service to your creators *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
+msgid ""
+"Providing a service to your creators <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
"#### Proporcionando un servicio a sus creadores *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1836
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2428
msgid ""
"As mentioned above, endeavors can make money by providing customized "
"services to their users. Platforms can undertake a variation of this service "
"hacer a la información con la que ellos contribuyen a la plataforma más "
"reusable y localizable."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1838
-msgid "#### Licensing a trademark* \\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2438
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "#### Licensing a trademark *\\[MARKET-BASED\\]*"
+msgid "Licensing a trademark <emphasis>[MARKET-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr "#### Licenciando una marca registrada *\\[BASADO EN EL MERCADO\\]*"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1847
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2441
msgid ""
"Finally, some that are Made with Creative Commons make money by selling use "
"of their trademarks. Well known brands that consumers associate with "
"la marca registrada es una manera de obtener ganancias de algo escaso "
"mientras se toma ventaja de la abundancia del contenido bajo CC."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1849
-msgid "#### Reciprocity-based revenue streams"
-msgstr "#### Flujos de ganancia basados en el mercado"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2453
+msgid "Reciprocity-based revenue streams"
+msgstr "Flujos de ingresos basados en la reciprocidad"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1854
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2455
msgid ""
"Even if we set aside grant funding, we found that the traditional economic "
"framework of understanding the market failed to fully capture the ways the "
"Incluso si ponemos de lado el financiamiento asegurado, encontramos que el "
"entendimiento del mercado en el marco económico tradicional falla para "
"capturar completamente las vias por las que las empresas que analizamos han "
-"hecho dinero. No era simplemente acerca de monetizar la escasez"
+"hecho dinero. No era simplemente acerca de monetizar la escasez."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1864
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2462
msgid ""
"Rather than devising a scheme to get people to pay money in exchange for "
"some direct value provided to them, many of the revenue streams were more "
"Bollier en Think Like a Commoner, \"No hay cálculo egoísta acerca de que el "
"valor dado y recibido sean estrictamente iguales.\""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1870
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2475
msgid ""
"This should be a familiar dynamic—it is the way you deal with your friends "
"and family. We give without regard for what and when we will get back. David "
"Es una función mental vital que ayuda a la especie humana a sobrevivir y "
"evolucionar.\""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1875
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2485
+msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2489
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Ibid., 145."
+msgid "Ibid., 134."
+msgstr "Ibid., 145."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2483
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor "
+#| "that also engages with the market.40 We almost can’t help but think of "
+#| "relationships in the market as being centered on an even-steven exchange "
+#| "of value.41"
msgid ""
"What is rare is to incorporate this sort of relationship into an endeavor "
-"that also engages with the market.40 We almost can’t help but think of "
-"relationships in the market as being centered on an even-steven exchange of "
-"value.41"
+"that also engages with the market.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"We almost can’t help but think of relationships in the market as being "
+"centered on an even-steven exchange of value.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
+"id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Lo que es raro es incorporar este tipo de relaciones en una empresa que "
-"también se involucra en el mercado.40 No podemos sino ṕensar que las "
+"también se involucra en el mercado.40 No podemos sino pensar que las "
"relaciones del mercado como centradas en un intercambio equitativo del "
"valor.41"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1877
-msgid "#### Memberships and individual donations *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2494
+msgid ""
+"Memberships and individual donations <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr ""
-"#### Membresías y donaciones individuales *\\[BASADAS EN LA RECIPROCIDAD\\]*"
+"Membresías y donaciones individuales <emphasis>[BASADAS EN LA RECIPROCIDAD]</"
+"emphasis>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1889
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2497
msgid ""
"While memberships and donations are traditional nonprofit funding models, in "
"the Made with Creative Commons context, they are directly tied to the "
"a social mission, the more likely this strategy is to succeed."
msgstr ""
"Minetras las membresías y las donaciones son modelos de financiamiento no "
-"lucrativo, en el contexto de Hecho con Creative Commons, estan atadas "
+"lucrativo, en el contexto de _Hecho con Creative Commons_, estan atadas "
"directamente a la relación reciproca que es cultivada con los benificiarios "
"de su trabajo. Entre más grande sea la cantidad de aquellos que reciben el "
"valor del contenido, es más probable que esta estrategia trabaje, dado que "
"empresa entera está persiguiendo una misión social, es más probable que esta "
"estratega triunfe."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1891
-msgid "#### The pay-what-you-want model *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2513
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "#### The pay-what-you-want model *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*"
+msgid "The pay-what-you-want model <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr "#### El modelo paga lo que quieres *\\[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD\\]*"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1901
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2516
msgid ""
"In the pay-what-you-want model, the beneficiary of Creative Commons content "
"is invited to give—at any amount they can and feel is appropriate, based on "
"dar dinero por cosas que valoramos en el mercado, incluso en situaciones en "
"donde podríamos encontrar la manera de obtenerlas gratuitamente."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1903
-msgid "#### Crowdfunding *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2529
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "#### Crowdfunding *\\[RECIPROCITY-BASED\\]*"
+msgid "Crowdfunding <emphasis>[RECIPROCITY-BASED]</emphasis>"
msgstr "#### Financiamiento Comunitario *\\[BASADO EN LA RECIPROCIDAD\\]*"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1918
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2532
msgid ""
"Crowdfunding models are based on recouping the costs of creating and "
"distributing content before the content is created. If the endeavor is Made "
"community and creating a connection with her fans. She wrote in The Art of "
"Asking, “Good art is made, good art is shared, help is offered, ears are "
"bent, emotions are exchanged, the compost of real, deep connection is "
-"sprayed all over the fields. Then one day, the artist steps up and asks for "
+"sprayed all over the fields. Then one day, the artist steps up and asks for "
"something. And if the ground has been fertilized enough, the audience says, "
"without hesitation: of course.”"
msgstr ""
"Los modelos de financiamiento comunitario estan basados en recolectar el "
"costo de crear y distribuir el contenido antes de que el contenido sea "
-"creado. Si la empresa es Hecha con Creative Commons, cualquiera que quiera "
+"creado. Si la empresa es _Hecha con Creative Commons_, cualquiera que quiera "
"el trabajo en cuestión puede simplemente esperar hasta que este creado y "
"entonces acceder a el gratuitamente. Eso significa, que para que el modelo "
"funcione, la gente tiene que preocuparse más que sólo recibir el trabajo. "
"el suelo ha sido fertilizado suficientemente, la audiencia pronuncia, sin "
"duda alguna: por supuesto.\""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1925
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2550
msgid ""
"Other types of crowdfunding rely on a sense of responsibility that a "
"particular community may feel. Knowledge Unlatched pools funds from major U."
"presupuesto tienden a dar más por un sentido de correspondencia con la "
"comunidad bibliotecaria y con la idea de acceso abierto general."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1927
-msgid "### Making Human Connections"
-msgstr "#### Creando Conexiones Humanas"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2561
+msgid "Making Human Connections"
+msgstr "Creando Conexiones Humanas"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1940
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2563
msgid ""
"Regardless of how they made money, in our interviews, we repeatedly heard "
"language like “persuading people to buy” and “inviting people to pay.” We "
"Lumen Learning showed us the letter they send to those who opt not to pay "
"for the services they provide in connection with their CC-licensed "
"educational content. It isn’t a cease-and-desist letter; it’s an invitation "
-"to pay because it’s the right thing to do. This sort of behavior toward "
-"what could be considered nonpaying customers is largely unheard of in the "
+"to pay because it’s the right thing to do. This sort of behavior toward what "
+"could be considered nonpaying customers is largely unheard of in the "
"traditional marketplace. But it seems to be part of the fabric of being Made "
"with Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
"Independientemente de como hagan dinero, en nuestras entrevistas, "
-"repetidamente escuchamos lenguaje como \"persuadirlos a comprar\" y \""
-"invitarlos a pagar.\" Incluso las escuchamos en conexión con flujos de "
+"repetidamente escuchamos lenguaje como \"persuadirlos a comprar\" y "
+"\"invitarlos a pagar.\" Incluso las escuchamos en conexión con flujos de "
"ganancias que encajan en el mercado. Cory Doctorow nos comentó, \" Tuve que "
"convencer a mis lectores de que lo correcto era pagarme.\" Los fundadores de "
"la compañía lucrativa Lumen Learning nos mostraron la carta que envían a "
"pare-y-desista; es una invitación a pagar porque es lo correcto. Este tipo "
"de comportamiento alrededor de lo que podríamos considerar los clientes no "
"pagadores es algo de lo que no se escucha desde hace mucho en el mercado "
-"tradicional. Pero parece ser parte de tejido de Hecho con Creative Commons."
+"tradicional. Pero parece ser parte de tejido de _Hecho con Creative Commons_."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1947
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2579
msgid ""
"Nearly every endeavor we profiled relied, at least in part, on people being "
"invested in what they do. The closer the Creative Commons content is to "
-"being “the product,” the more pronounced this dynamic has to be. Rather "
-"than simply selling a product or service, they are making ideological, "
-"personal, and creative connections with the people who value what they do."
+"being “the product,” the more pronounced this dynamic has to be. Rather than "
+"simply selling a product or service, they are making ideological, personal, "
+"and creative connections with the people who value what they do."
msgstr ""
"Casi todas las empresas que describimos se apoyan, al menos en parte, en "
"gente enla que se invierte en lo que ellos hacen. Entre más cercano sea que "
"servicio, ellos estan haciendo conexiones ideologicas, personales y "
"creativas con las personas que valoran lo que ellos hacen."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1951
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2587
msgid ""
"It took me a very long time to see how this avoidance of thinking about what "
"they do in pure market terms was deeply tied to being Made with Creative "
"en puros terminos de mercado estaba ligado profundamente a Hacer con "
"Creative Commons."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1955
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2592
msgid ""
"I came to the research with preconceived notions about what Creative Commons "
"is and what it means to be Made with Creative Commons. It turned out I was "
"wrong on so many counts."
msgstr ""
"Vine a la investigación con las nociones preconcebidas acerca de lo que es "
-"Creative Commons y que significa ser Hecho con Creative Commons. Resulto que "
-"yo estaba mal en muchos aspectos."
+"Creative Commons y que significa ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_. Resulto "
+"que yo estaba mal en muchos aspectos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1964
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2597
msgid ""
"Obviously, being Made with Creative Commons means using Creative Commons "
"licenses. That much I knew. But in our interviews, people spoke of so much "
"the equation, it is important not to disaggregate the rest of what comes "
"with sharing. You have to widen the lens."
msgstr ""
-"Obviamente, ser Hecho con Creative Commons significa usar licencias Creative "
-"Commons. Eso era lo que yo sabía. Pero en nuestras entrevistas, las personas "
-"hablaron de mucho más que sólo permisos de copyright cuando explicaban como "
-"cmopartir encajaba en lo que ellos hacen. Yo estaba pensando acerca de "
-"compartir muy estrechamente, y como resultado, estaba perdiendo una gran "
-"parte del significado contenido dentro de las Creative Commons. En vez de "
-"analizar críticamente el rol estrecho y específico de la licencia de "
+"Obviamente, ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ significa usar licencias "
+"Creative Commons. Eso era lo que yo sabía. Pero en nuestras entrevistas, las "
+"personas hablaron de mucho más que sólo permisos de copyright cuando "
+"explicaban como cmopartir encajaba en lo que ellos hacen. Yo estaba pensando "
+"acerca de compartir muy estrechamente, y como resultado, estaba perdiendo "
+"una gran parte del significado contenido dentro de las Creative Commons. En "
+"vez de analizar críticamente el rol estrecho y específico de la licencia de "
"copyright en la ecuación, es importante no separar el resto de lo que "
"acompaña a compartir. Tienes que ampliar la óptica."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1976
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2608
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons is not just about the simple act of "
"licensing a copyrighted work under a set of standardized terms, but also "
"with whom you share—connections with you, with your work, with your values, "
"with each other."
msgstr ""
-"Ser Hecho con Creative Commons no es únicamente acerca del simple acto de "
+"Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ no es únicamente acerca del simple acto de "
"licenciar un material con derechos de autor o copyright bajo un conjunto de "
"terminos estandarizados, sino también de comunidad, bienestar social, "
"contribuir ideas, expresar un sistema de valores, trabajar juntos. Estos "
"impersonal de marcado, sino en conexiones con la gente con la que compartes— "
"conexiones contigo, con tú trabajoj, con tús valores, con todos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1981
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2622
msgid ""
"The rest of this section will explore some of the common strategies that "
"creators, companies, and organizations use to remind us that there are "
-"humans behind every creative endeavor. To remind us we have obligations to "
+"humans behind every creative endeavor. To remind us we have obligations to "
"each other. To remind us what sharing really looks like."
msgstr ""
"El resto de la sección explorará algunas de las estrategias comunes que usan "
"detras de cada empresa creativa. Para recordarnos que tenemos obligaciones "
"con todos. Para recordarnos como es realmente el compartir."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1983
-msgid "#### Be human"
-msgstr "#### Ser humano"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2629
+msgid "Be human"
+msgstr "Ser humano"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:1990
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2633
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
+#| "Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
+msgid ""
+"Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
+"Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109."
+msgstr ""
+"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
+"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2631
msgid ""
"Humans are social animals, which means we are naturally inclined to treat "
-"each other well.42 But the further removed we are from the person with whom "
-"we are interacting, the less caring our behavior will be. While the "
-"Internet has democratized cultural production, increased access to "
-"knowledge, and connected us in extraordinary ways, it can also make it easy "
-"forget we are dealing with another human."
+"each other well.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But the further "
+"removed we are from the person with whom we are interacting, the less caring "
+"our behavior will be. While the Internet has democratized cultural "
+"production, increased access to knowledge, and connected us in extraordinary "
+"ways, it can also make it easy forget we are dealing with another human."
msgstr ""
"Los seres humanos son animales sociales, lo que significa que estamos "
-"naturalmente inclinados a tratarnos mutuamente bien.42 Pero mientras más "
-"lejano seamos de la persona con la que interactuamos, nuestro comportamiento "
-"será menos atento. Mientras el Internet ha democratizado la producción "
-"cultural, incrementado el acceso al conocimiento y nos ha conectado de "
-"maneras extraordinarias, tambien puede hacer fácil que nos olvidemos que "
-"estamos tratando con otro ser humano."
+"naturalmente inclinados a tratarnos mutuamente bien.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero mientras más lejano seamos de la persona con la "
+"que interactuamos, nuestro comportamiento será menos atento. Mientras el "
+"Internet ha democratizado la producción cultural, incrementado el acceso "
+"al conocimiento y nos ha conectado de maneras extraordinarias, tambien puede "
+"hacer fácil que nos olvidemos que estamos tratando con otro ser humano."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2657
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
+#| "Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014."
+msgid ""
+"Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
+"Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93."
+msgstr ""
+"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
+"Discovered. Nueva York: Workman, 2014."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2002
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2644
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate "
+#| "online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons "
+#| "licenses work to demonstrate their humanity. For some, this means pouring "
+#| "their lives out on the page. For others, it means showing their creative "
+#| "process, giving a glimpse into how they do what they do. As writer Austin "
+#| "Kleon wrote, “Our work doesn’t speak for itself. Human beings want to "
+#| "know where things came from, how they were made, and who made them. The "
+#| "stories you tell about the work you do have a huge effect on how people "
+#| "feel and what they understand about your work, and how people feel and "
+#| "what they understand about your work affects how they value it.”43"
msgid ""
"To counteract the anonymous and impersonal tendencies of how we operate "
"online, individual creators and corporations who use Creative Commons "
"where things came from, how they were made, and who made them. The stories "
"you tell about the work you do have a huge effect on how people feel and "
"what they understand about your work, and how people feel and what they "
-"understand about your work affects how they value it.”43"
+"understand about your work affects how they value it.”<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Para contrarrestar las tendencias anónimas e impersonales de cómo operamos "
"en línea, las corporaciones y los creadores individuales quienes usan las "
"personas y lo que ellos entienden acerca de tú trabajo afecta la manera en "
"que te valoran a tí.\"43"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2012
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2663
msgid ""
"A critical component to doing this effectively is not worrying about being a "
"“brand.” That means not being afraid to be vulnerable. Amanda Palmer says, "
"You’re too preoccupied with the task of impressing them.” Not everyone is "
"suited to live life as an open book like Palmer, and that’s OK. There are a "
"lot of ways to be human. The trick is just avoiding pretense and the "
-"temptation to artificially craft an image. People don’t just want the "
-"glossy version of you. They can’t relate to it, at least not in a meaningful "
-"way."
+"temptation to artificially craft an image. People don’t just want the glossy "
+"version of you. They can’t relate to it, at least not in a meaningful way."
msgstr ""
"Un componente crítico para hacer esto efectivamente es no preocuparse acerca "
"de ser una \"marca\". Eso significa no preocuparse de ser vulnerable. Amanda "
"no solo quiere tu versión primorosa. No se pueden relacionar con ella, al "
"menos no de una manera significativa."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2021
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2683
+msgid "Kramer, Shareology, 76."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2675
msgid ""
"This advice is probably even more important for businesses and organizations "
"because we instinctively conceive of them as nonhuman (though in the United "
"States, corporations are people!). When corporations and organizations make "
"the people behind them more apparent, it reminds people that they are "
"dealing with something other than an anonymous corporate entity. In business-"
-"speak, this is about “humanizing your interactions” with the public.44 But "
-"it can’t be a gimmick. You can’t fake being human."
+"speak, this is about “humanizing your interactions” with the public."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> But it can’t be a gimmick. You "
+"can’t fake being human."
msgstr ""
"Este consejo es probablemente más importante para los negocios y las "
-"organizaciones porque instintivamente los concebimos como no humanos ("
-"aunque en los Estados Unidos, las corporaciones son personas!). Cuando las "
+"organizaciones porque instintivamente los concebimos como no humanos "
+"(aunque en los Estados Unidos, las corporaciones son personas!). Cuando las "
"corporaciones y las organizaciones hacen a la gente detras de ellas más "
"perceptible, le recuerda a la gente que están tratando con algo más que una "
"entidad corporativa anónima. En el lenguaje de los negocios, esto es acerca "
-"de \"humanizar sus interacciones\" con el público.44 Pero no puede ser una "
-"representación. No puedes simular ser humano."
+"de \"humanizar sus interacciones\" con el público.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Pero no puede ser una representación. No puedes "
+"simular ser humano."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2689
+msgid "Be open and accountable"
+msgstr "Sé abierto y responsable"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2023
-msgid "#### Be open and accountable"
-msgstr "#### Sé abierto y responsable"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2698
+msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 252."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2703
+msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145."
+msgstr ""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2033
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2691
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you "
+#| "do, but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told "
+#| "us, “One of the most surprising things you can do in capitalism is just "
+#| "be honest with people.” That means sharing the good and the bad. As "
+#| "Amanda Palmer wrote, “You can fix almost anything by authentically "
+#| "communicating.”45 It isn’t about trying to satisfy everyone or trying to "
+#| "sugarcoat mistakes or bad news, but instead about explaining your "
+#| "rationale and then being prepared to defend it when people are critical.46"
msgid ""
"Transparency helps people understand who you are and why you do what you do, "
"but it also inspires trust. Max Temkin of Cards Against Humanity told us, "
"“One of the most surprising things you can do in capitalism is just be "
"honest with people.” That means sharing the good and the bad. As Amanda "
"Palmer wrote, “You can fix almost anything by authentically "
-"communicating.”45 It isn’t about trying to satisfy everyone or trying to "
-"sugarcoat mistakes or bad news, but instead about explaining your rationale "
-"and then being prepared to defend it when people are critical.46"
+"communicating.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It isn’t about "
+"trying to satisfy everyone or trying to sugarcoat mistakes or bad news, but "
+"instead about explaining your rationale and then being prepared to defend it "
+"when people are critical.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
"La Transpariencia ayuda a las personas a entender quien eres y porque haces "
"lo que haces, pero también inspira confianza. Max Temkin de Cards Against "
"endulzar los errores o las malas noticias, sino explicar tu razonamiento y "
"de estar preparado para defenderlo cuando la gente es crítica.46"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2037
-msgid ""
-"Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James "
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2712
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
+msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203."
+msgstr ""
+"Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2719
+msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2707
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to "
+#| "James Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-"
+#| "denominator solutions and avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that "
+#| "cultivates healthy collaboration.47 Instead, it can be as simple as "
+#| "asking for input and then giving context and explanation about decisions "
+#| "you make, even if soliciting feedback and inviting discourse is time-"
+#| "consuming. If you don’t go through the effort to actually respond to the "
+#| "input you receive, it can be worse than not inviting input in the first "
+#| "place.48 But when you get it right, it can guarantee the type of "
+#| "diversity of thought that helps endeavors excel. And it is another way to "
+#| "get people involved and invested in what you do."
+msgid ""
+"Being accountable does not mean operating on consensus. According to James "
"Surowiecki, consensus-driven groups tend to resort to lowest-common-"
-"denominator solutions and"
-msgstr ""
-"Ser responsable no significa operar bajo concenso. De acuerdo con James "
-"Surowiecki, los grupos que operan bajo concenso tienden a utilizar la "
-"solución común más básica y"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2047
-msgid ""
-"avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that cultivates healthy "
-"collaboration.47 Instead, it can be as simple as asking for input and then "
-"giving context and explanation about decisions you make, even if soliciting "
-"feedback and inviting discourse is time-consuming. If you don’t go through "
-"the effort to actually respond to the input you receive, it can be worse "
-"than not inviting input in the first place.48 But when you get it right, it "
-"can guarantee the type of diversity of thought that helps endeavors excel. "
-"And it is another way to get people involved and invested in what you do."
-msgstr ""
-"evitan el intercambio de ideas honesto y desprejuiciado que se cultiva en "
-"las colaboraciones sanas. 47 En cambio, puede ser tan simple como solicitar "
-"un comentario y dar contexto y explicación acerca de la decisión que se ha "
-"tomado, incluso si solicitar realimentación e invitar al intercambio de "
-"ideas lleva su tiempo. Si no realizas el esfuerzo de responder a los "
-"comentarios que recives, puede ser peor que no solicitar esos comentarios en "
-"primer lugar. 48 Pero cuando lo haces bien, puede garantizar el tipo de "
-"diversidad de pensamientos que ayuda a las empresas a distinguirse."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2049
-msgid "#### Design for the good actors"
-msgstr "#### Diseñar para los buenos actores"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2062
+"denominator solutions and avoid the sort of candid exchange of ideas that "
+"cultivates healthy collaboration.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"Instead, it can be as simple as asking for input and then giving context and "
+"explanation about decisions you make, even if soliciting feedback and "
+"inviting discourse is time-consuming. If you don’t go through the effort to "
+"actually respond to the input you receive, it can be worse than not inviting "
+"input in the first place.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> But when "
+"you get it right, it can guarantee the type of diversity of thought that "
+"helps endeavors excel. And it is another way to get people involved and "
+"invested in what you do."
+msgstr ""
+"Ser responsable no significa operar en concenso. De acuerdo a James "
+"Surowiecki, los grupos guiados por el concenso tienden a recurrir a las "
+"soluciones del menor común denominador y evitan el tipo de intercambio de "
+"ideas honesto y desprejuiciado que se cultiva en las colaboraciones sanas. "
+"47 En cambio, puede ser tan simple como solicitar un comentario y dar "
+"contexto y explicación acerca de la decisiones que se han tomado, incluso si "
+"solicitar realimentación e invitar al intercambio de ideas lleva su tiempo. "
+"Si no realizas el esfuerzo de responder a los comentarios que recibes, puede "
+"ser peor que no solicitar esos comentarios en primer lugar. 48 Pero cuando "
+"lo haces bien, puede garantizar el tipo de diversidad de pensamientos que "
+"ayuda a las empresas a distinguirse. Y es otro camino para hacer que la "
+"gente se involucre y se interese en lo que hace."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2727
+msgid "Design for the good actors"
+msgstr "Diseñar para los buenos actores"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2731
+msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2736
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Ibid., 15."
+msgid "Ibid., 31."
+msgstr "Ibid., 15."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2729
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their "
+#| "own economic self-interest.49 Any relatively introspective human knows "
+#| "this is a fiction—we are much more complicated beings with a whole range "
+#| "of needs, emotions, and motivations. In fact, we are hardwired to work "
+#| "together and ensure fairness.50 Being Made with Creative Commons requires "
+#| "an assumption that people will largely act on those social motivations, "
+#| "motivations that would be considered “irrational” in an economic sense. "
+#| "As Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us, “It is best to ignore people who "
+#| "try to scare you about free riding. That fear is based on a very shallow "
+#| "view of what motivates human behavior.” There will always be people who "
+#| "will act in purely selfish ways, but endeavors that are Made with "
+#| "Creative Commons design for the good actors."
msgid ""
"Traditional economics assumes people make decisions based solely on their "
-"own economic self-interest.49 Any relatively introspective human knows this "
-"is a fiction—we are much more complicated beings with a whole range of "
-"needs, emotions, and motivations. In fact, we are hardwired to work together "
-"and ensure fairness.50 Being Made with Creative Commons requires an "
+"own economic self-interest.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Any "
+"relatively introspective human knows this is a fiction—we are much more "
+"complicated beings with a whole range of needs, emotions, and motivations. "
+"In fact, we are hardwired to work together and ensure fairness.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Being Made with Creative Commons requires an "
"assumption that people will largely act on those social motivations, "
"motivations that would be considered “irrational” in an economic sense. As "
"Knowledge Unlatched’s Pinter told us, “It is best to ignore people who try "
"relativamente introspectivo sabe que eso es una ficción—somos seres mucho "
"más complicados con un amplio rango de necesidades, emociones, y "
"motivaciones. De hecho, estamos hechos para trabajar juntos y grantizar la "
-"equidad.50 Ser Hecho con Creative Commons requiere creer que la gente "
-"actuará mayormente sobre esas motivaciones sociales, ,motivaciones que puden "
+"equidad.50 Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ requiere creer que la gente "
+"actuará mayormente sobre esas motivaciones sociales, motivaciones que puden "
"ser consideradas \"irracionales\" en un sentido económico. Como dijo Pinter "
"de Knowledge Unlatched, \"Es mejor ignorar a la gente que trata de "
"intimidarte acerca de los aventones. El miedo esta basado en una versión muy "
"que actuarán de forma totalmente egoísta, pero las empresas que son Hechas "
"con Creative Commons están diseñados para los buenos actores."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2071
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2754
+msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2748
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-"
+#| "fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems that "
+#| "assume people will act in ways that create public goods, and that give "
+#| "them opportunities and rewards for doing so, often let them work together "
+#| "better than neoclassical economics would predict.”51 When we acknowledge "
+#| "that people are often motivated by something other than financial self-"
+#| "interest, we design our endeavors in ways that encourage and accentuate "
+#| "our social instincts."
msgid ""
"The assumption that people will largely do the right thing can be a self-"
"fulfilling prophecy. Shirky wrote in Cognitive Surplus, “Systems that assume "
"people will act in ways that create public goods, and that give them "
"opportunities and rewards for doing so, often let them work together better "
-"than neoclassical economics would predict.”51 When we acknowledge that "
-"people are often motivated by something other than financial self-interest, "
-"we design our endeavors in ways that encourage and accentuate our social "
-"instincts."
+"than neoclassical economics would predict.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/> When we acknowledge that people are often motivated by something "
+"other than financial self-interest, we design our endeavors in ways that "
+"encourage and accentuate our social instincts."
msgstr ""
"La presunción de que las personas harán lo correcto una profecía "
"autocumplida. Shirky escribió en Cognitive Surplus, \"Los sistemas que "
"presuponen que la gente actuará de manera que creen bienes públicos, y que "
"darles la oportunidades y recompensas por hacerlo, comunmente les permite "
-"trabajan juntos mejor que lo que hubieran predicho la economía neoclásica.\""
-"51 Cuando aceptamos que la gente es comunmente motivada por algo más que "
+"trabajan juntos mejor que lo que hubieran predicho la economía neoclásica."
+"\"51 Cuando aceptamos que la gente es comunmente motivada por algo más que "
"interés personal financiero, diseñamos nuestras empresas de maneras que "
"inspiren y acentuen nuestros instintos sociales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2081
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2771
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
+msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124."
+msgstr ""
+"Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2761
msgid ""
"Rather than trying to exert control over people’s behavior, this mode of "
"operating requires a certain level of trust. We might not realize it, but "
"make sure citizens act honestly and responsibly. And it’s impossible for any "
"organization to rely on contracts alone to make sure that its managers and "
"workers live up to their obligation.” Instead, we largely trust that people—"
-"mostly strangers—will do what they are supposed to do.52 And most often, "
-"they do."
+"mostly strangers—will do what they are supposed to do.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> And most often, they do."
msgstr ""
"En vez de tratar de ejercer control sobre el comportamiento de la gente, "
"este modo de operar requiere un cierto nivel de confianza. Puede que no nos "
"actuen responsable y honestamente. Y es imposible para una organización "
"descansar únicamente en los contratos para garantizar que sus trabajadores y "
"directivos vivan su obligación.\" Confiamos que la gente —la mayoría "
-"desconocidos— hará lo que se supone que debn hacer.52 Y muy comunmente, lo "
-"hacen."
+"desconocidos— hará lo que se supone que debn hacer.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Y muy comunmente, lo hacen."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2776
+msgid "Treat humans like, well, humans"
+msgstr "Trata a los seres humanos como, bueno, humanos"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2083
-msgid "#### Treat humans like, well, humans"
-msgstr "#### Trata a los seres humanos como, bueno, humanos"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2781
+msgid "Kleon, Show Your Work, 127."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2789
+msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 121."
+msgstr ""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2092
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2778
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like "
+#| "fans. As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”53 "
+#| "Even if you happen to be one of the few to reach celebrity levels of "
+#| "fame, you are better off remembering that the people who follow your work "
+#| "are human, too. Cory Doctorow makes a point to answer every single email "
+#| "someone sends him. Amanda Palmer spends vast quantities of time going "
+#| "online to communicate with her public, making a point to listen just as "
+#| "much as she talks.54"
msgid ""
"For creators, treating people as humans means not treating them like fans. "
-"As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”53 Even if you "
-"happen to be one of the few to reach celebrity levels of fame, you are "
-"better off remembering that the people who follow your work are human, too. "
-"Cory Doctorow makes a point to answer every single email someone sends him. "
-"Amanda Palmer spends vast quantities of time going online to communicate "
-"with her public, making a point to listen just as much as she talks.54"
+"As Kleon says, “If you want fans, you have to be a fan first.”<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Even if you happen to be one of the few to "
+"reach celebrity levels of fame, you are better off remembering that the "
+"people who follow your work are human, too. Cory Doctorow makes a point to "
+"answer every single email someone sends him. Amanda Palmer spends vast "
+"quantities of time going online to communicate with her public, making a "
+"point to listen just as much as she talks.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Para los creadores, tratar a la gente como humanos significa no tratarlos "
"como fans. Como dice Kleon, \"Si tu quieres fans, tienes que ser un fan "
"emplea amplias cantidades de tiempo estando en línea para comunicarse con su "
"público, haciendo un punto al escuchar tanto como habla. 54"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2097
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2793
msgid ""
"The same idea goes for businesses and organizations. Rather than automating "
"its customer service, the music platform Tribe of Noise makes a point to "
"al asegurarse que sus empleados tienen una interacción personal, uno-a-uno "
"con los usuarios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2109
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2804
+msgid "Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2814
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Ibid., 15."
+msgid "Ibid., 105."
+msgstr "Ibid., 15."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2799
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. "
+#| "It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too "
+#| "easy to destroy them if you make the mistake of treating people as "
+#| "anonymous customers or free labor.55 Platforms that rely on content from "
+#| "contributors are especially at risk of creating an exploitative dynamic. "
+#| "It is important to find ways to acknowledge and pay back the value that "
+#| "contributors generate. That does not mean you can solve this problem by "
+#| "simply paying contributors for their time or contributions. As soon as we "
+#| "introduce money into a relationship—at least when it takes a form of "
+#| "paying monetary value in exchange for other value—it can dramatically "
+#| "change the dynamic.56"
msgid ""
"When we treat people like humans, they typically return the gift in kind. "
"It’s called karma. But social relationships are fragile. It is all too easy "
"to destroy them if you make the mistake of treating people as anonymous "
-"customers or free labor.55 Platforms that rely on content from contributors "
-"are especially at risk of creating an exploitative dynamic. It is important "
-"to find ways to acknowledge and pay back the value that contributors "
-"generate. That does not mean you can solve this problem by simply paying "
-"contributors for their time or contributions. As soon as we introduce money "
-"into a relationship—at least when it takes a form of paying monetary value "
-"in exchange for other value—it can dramatically change the dynamic.56"
+"customers or free labor.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Platforms "
+"that rely on content from contributors are especially at risk of creating an "
+"exploitative dynamic. It is important to find ways to acknowledge and pay "
+"back the value that contributors generate. That does not mean you can solve "
+"this problem by simply paying contributors for their time or contributions. "
+"As soon as we introduce money into a relationship—at least when it takes a "
+"form of paying monetary value in exchange for other value—it can "
+"dramatically change the dynamic.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Cuando tratamos a las personas como seres humanos, típicamente ellos "
"regresan ese tipo de trato. Se llama karma. Pero las relaciones sociales son "
"forma de un pago monetario en intercambio por otro valor—puede cambiar la "
"dinámica dramáticamente.56"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2111
-msgid "#### State your principles and stick to them"
-msgstr "#### Establece tus principios y apégate a ellos"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2819
+msgid "State your principles and stick to them"
+msgstr "Establece tus principios y apégate a ellos"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2121
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2821
msgid ""
"Being Made with Creative Commons makes a statement about who you are and "
"what you do. The symbolism is powerful. Using Creative Commons licenses "
"akin to a political statement. Other times people will identify and feel "
"connected with an endeavor’s separate social mission. Often both."
msgstr ""
-"Ser Hecho con Creative Commons hace una declaración acerca de quién eres y "
+"Ser _Hecho con Creative Commons_ hace una declaración acerca de quién eres y "
"qué haces. El simbolismo es poderoso. Usar licencias Creative Commons "
"demuestra adherencia a un particular tipo de creencias, las cuales generan "
"bienestar y conectan a tu trabajo con gente de pensamiento similar. Algunas "
"las personas identificarán y se sentirán conectadas con la misión social "
"parte de alguna empresa . Regularmente ambas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2130
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2833
msgid ""
"The expression of your values doesn’t have to be implicit. In fact, many of "
"the people we interviewed talked about how important it is to state your "
-"guiding principles up front. Lumen Learning attributes a lot of their "
+"guiding principles up front. Lumen Learning attributes a lot of their "
"success to having been outspoken about the fundamental values that guide "
"what they do. As a for-profit company, they think their expressed commitment "
"to low-income students and open licensing has been critical to their "
"licencias abiertas ha sido un hecho crítico para su credibilidad en al "
"comunidad OER (recursos abiertos educativos) en la que ellos operan."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2136
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2848
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Ibid., 15."
+msgid "Ibid., 36."
+msgstr "Ibid., 15."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2844
msgid ""
"When your end goal is not about making a profit, people trust that you "
"aren’t just trying to extract value for your own gain. People notice when "
-"you have a sense of purpose that transcends your own self-interest.57 It "
-"attracts committed employees, motivates contributors, and builds trust."
+"you have a sense of purpose that transcends your own self-interest."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It attracts committed employees, "
+"motivates contributors, and builds trust."
msgstr ""
"Cuando tu meta final no es generar ganancias, la gente confia en que no solo "
"estas tratando de extraer valor para tu propia ganancia. Las personas notan "
-"cuando tienes un sentido del propósito que trasciendo tu interes personal.57 "
-"Atrae empleados comprometidos, contribuyentes motivados, y construye "
-"confianza."
+"cuando tienes un sentido del propósito que trasciendo tu interes personal."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Atrae empleados comprometidos, "
+"contribuyentes motivados, y construye confianza."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2138
-msgid "#### Build a community"
-msgstr "#### Construye una comunidad"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2854
+msgid "Build a community"
+msgstr "Construye una comunidad"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2862
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly "
+#| "Media, 2012."
+msgid ""
+"Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
+"2012), 36."
+msgstr ""
+"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2a. Ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
+"2012."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2148
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2856
msgid ""
"Endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons thrive when community is built "
"around what they do. This may mean a community collaborating together to "
"create something new, or it may simply be a collection of like-minded people "
-"who get to know each other and rally around common interests or beliefs.58 "
-"To a certain extent, simply being Made with Creative Commons automatically "
-"brings with it some element of community, by helping connect you to like-"
-"minded others who recognize and are drawn to the values symbolized by using "
-"CC."
+"who get to know each other and rally around common interests or beliefs."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> To a certain extent, simply being "
+"Made with Creative Commons automatically brings with it some element of "
+"community, by helping connect you to like-minded others who recognize and "
+"are drawn to the values symbolized by using CC."
msgstr ""
"Los esfuerzos realizados con Creative Commons prosperan cuando se construye "
"una comunidad alrededor de lo que hacen. Esto puede ser una comunidad "
"colaborando en conjunto para crear algo nuevo, o simplemente ser una grupo "
"de gente de intereses similares que se conocen y reúnen alrededor de "
-"intereses o creencias similares.58 Hasta cierto grado, simplemente ser Hecho "
-"con Creative Commons automáticamente trae consigo un cierto elemento de "
-"comunidad, ayudando a conectarlo con otras personas similares que reconocen "
-"y son atraídos para los valores que se simbolizan en el uso de CC."
+"intereses o creencias similares.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"Hasta cierto grado, simplemente ser Hecho con Creative Commons "
+"automáticamente trae consigo un cierto elemento de comunidad, ayudando a "
+"conectarlo con otras personas similares que reconocen y son atraídos para "
+"los valores que se simbolizan en el uso de CC."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2160
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2878
+msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 98."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2885
+msgid "Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2870
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People "
+#| "have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is "
+#| "fostering a sense of belonging. As Jono Bacon writes in The Art of "
+#| "Community, “If there is no belonging, there is no community.” For Amanda "
+#| "Palmer and her band, that meant creating an accepting and inclusive "
+#| "environment where people felt a part of their “weird little family.”59 "
+#| "For organizations like Red Hat, that means connecting around common "
+#| "beliefs or goals. As the CEO Jim Whitehurst wrote in The Open "
+#| "Organization, “Tapping into passion is especially important in building "
+#| "the kinds of participative communities that drive open organizations.”60"
msgid ""
"To be sustainable, though, you have to work to nurture community. People "
"have to care—about you and each other. One critical piece to this is "
"fostering a sense of belonging. As Jono Bacon writes in The Art of "
"Community, “If there is no belonging, there is no community.” For Amanda "
"Palmer and her band, that meant creating an accepting and inclusive "
-"environment where people felt a part of their “weird little family.”59 For "
-"organizations like Red Hat, that means connecting around common beliefs or "
-"goals. As the CEO Jim Whitehurst wrote in The Open Organization, “Tapping "
-"into passion is especially important in building the kinds of participative "
-"communities that drive open organizations.”60"
+"environment where people felt a part of their “weird little "
+"family.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> For organizations like Red "
+"Hat, that means connecting around common beliefs or goals. As the CEO Jim "
+"Whitehurst wrote in The Open Organization, “Tapping into passion is "
+"especially important in building the kinds of participative communities that "
+"drive open organizations.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Sin embargo, para ser sostenible, tiene que trabajar para alimentar a la "
"comunidad. La gente tiene que cuidarse—mutuamente y a ti. Una pieza crítica "
"construir el tipo de comunidades participativas que dirigen las "
"organizaciones abiertas.\"60"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2172
-msgid ""
-"Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki "
-"wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s difficult to "
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2897
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
+msgid "Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200."
+msgstr ""
+"Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2901
+msgid "Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2889
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. "
+#| "Surowiecki wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. "
+#| "It’s difficult to ensure that people are working in the group’s interest "
+#| "and not in their own. And when there’s a lack of trust between the "
+#| "members of the group (which isn’t surprising given that they don’t really "
+#| "know each other), considerable energy is wasted trying to determine each "
+#| "other’s bona fides.”61 Building true community requires giving people "
+#| "within the community the power to create or influence the rules that "
+#| "govern the community.62 If the rules are created and imposed in a top-"
+#| "down manner, people feel like they don’t have a voice, which in turn "
+#| "leads to disengagement."
+msgid ""
+"Communities that collaborate together take deliberate planning. Surowiecki "
+"wrote, “It takes a lot of work to put the group together. It’s difficult to "
"ensure that people are working in the group’s interest and not in their own. "
"And when there’s a lack of trust between the members of the group (which "
"isn’t surprising given that they don’t really know each other), considerable "
-"energy is wasted trying to determine each other’s bona fides.”61 Building "
-"true community requires giving people within the community the power to "
-"create or influence the rules that govern the community.62 If the rules are "
+"energy is wasted trying to determine each other’s bona fides.”<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Building true community requires giving people "
+"within the community the power to create or influence the rules that govern "
+"the community.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> If the rules are "
"created and imposed in a top-down manner, people feel like they don’t have a "
"voice, which in turn leads to disengagement."
msgstr ""
"descendiente, la gente siente que no tiene una voz, lo que conlleva a la "
"desunión."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2176
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2907
msgid ""
"Community takes work, but working together, or even simply being connected "
"around common interests or values, is in many ways what sharing is about."
"conectados alrededor de intereses o valores comunes, es de muchas formas de "
"lo que se trata compartir."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2178
-msgid "#### Give more to the commons than you take"
-msgstr "#### Da más a los comunes de lo que te llevas"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2913
+msgid "Give more to the commons than you take"
+msgstr "Da más a los comunes de lo que te llevas"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2189
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2924
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
+#| "Sharing at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. hbr."
+#| "org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all."
+msgid ""
+"Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing "
+"at All,” Harvard Business Review (website), January 28, 2015, <ulink url="
+"\"http://hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing "
+"at All.” Harvard Business Review, Enero 28, 2015. hbr.org/2015/01/the-"
+"sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2932
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint "
+#| "with new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
+msgid ""
+"Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing, reprint with "
+"new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012)."
+msgstr ""
+"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reimpresión "
+"con nuevo epílogo. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2915
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to "
+#| "extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially "
+#| "what defines so much of the so-called sharing economy. In an article on "
+#| "the Harvard Business Review website called “The Sharing Economy Isn’t "
+#| "about Sharing at All,” authors Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi explained "
+#| "how the anonymous market-driven trans-actions in most sharing-economy "
+#| "businesses are purely about monetizing access.63 As Lisa Gansky put it in "
+#| "her book The Mesh, the primary strategy of the sharing economy is to sell "
+#| "the same product multiple times, by selling access rather than "
+#| "ownership.64 That is not sharing."
msgid ""
"Conventional wisdom in the marketplace dictates that people should try to "
"extract as much money as possible from resources. This is essentially what "
"Harvard Business Review website called “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
"Sharing at All,” authors Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi explained how the "
"anonymous market-driven trans-actions in most sharing-economy businesses are "
-"purely about monetizing access.63 As Lisa Gansky put it in her book The "
-"Mesh, the primary strategy of the sharing economy is to sell the same "
-"product multiple times, by selling access rather than ownership.64 That is "
-"not sharing."
+"purely about monetizing access.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As "
+"Lisa Gansky put it in her book The Mesh, the primary strategy of the sharing "
+"economy is to sell the same product multiple times, by selling access rather "
+"than ownership.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> That is not sharing."
msgstr ""
"La sabiduría común en el mercado dicta que la gente debería extraer la mayor "
"cantidad de dinero posible de los recursos. Esto es lo que esencialmente "
"define mucho de la así llamada \"economía del intercambio\". En un artículo "
-"del sitio web del Harvard Business Review titulado \"The Sharing Economy Isn’"
-"t about Sharing at All\" (\"La economía del intercambio no es para nada "
+"del sitio web del Harvard Business Review titulado \"The Sharing Economy "
+"Isn’t about Sharing at All\" (\"La economía del intercambio no es para nada "
"sobre compartir\"), los autores Giana Eckhardt y Fleura Bardhi explicaron "
"cómo las transacciones anónimas, orientadas por el mercado, en la mayoría de "
"las empresas de la economía del intercambio son puramente para monetizar el "
"producto muchas veces, vendiendo el acceso antes que la propiedad.64 Eso no "
"es compartir."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2201
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2948
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
+#| "Internet.” BBC News, March 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680"
+msgid ""
+"David Lee, “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet,” "
+"BBC News, March 3, 2016, <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/"
+"technology-35709680\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” "
+"BBC News, Marzo 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2938
msgid ""
"Sharing requires adding as much or more value to the ecosystem than you "
"take. You can’t simply treat open content as a free pool of resources from "
"which to extract value. Part of giving back to the ecosystem is contributing "
"content back to the public under CC licenses. But it doesn’t have to just be "
-"about creating content; it can be about adding value in other ways. The "
+"about creating content; it can be about adding value in other ways. The "
"social blogging platform Medium provides value to its community by "
"incentivizing good behavior, and the result is an online space with "
-"remarkably high-quality user-generated content and limited trolling.65 "
-"Opendesk contributes to its community by committing to help its designers "
-"make money, in part by actively curating and displaying their work on its "
-"platform effectively."
+"remarkably high-quality user-generated content and limited trolling."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opendesk contributes to its "
+"community by committing to help its designers make money, in part by "
+"actively curating and displaying their work on its platform effectively."
msgstr ""
"El intercambio requiere añadir tanto o más valor en el ecosistema que el "
"valor que uno toma de él. No se puede tratar al contenido abierto "
"simplemente como un pozo común de recursos del cual extraer valor. Parte del "
"dar de vuelta al ecosistema es contribuir contenido de vuelta al público "
-"bajo las licencias CC. Pero no tiene que ser solamente sobre crear contenido;"
-" puede ser también sobre añadir valor de otras maneras. La plataforma social "
-"de blogging Medium provee valor a su comunidad al incentivar un buen "
-"comportamiento, y el resultado es un espacio online con contenido de "
-"remarcada buena calidad generado por los usuarios y con pocos trolls.65 "
-"Opendesk contribuye a su comunidad al comprometerse a ayudar a sus "
-"diseñadores a hacer dinero, en parte al curar y exhibir activamente su "
-"trabajo en la plataforma de una manera efectiva."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2209
-#, fuzzy
+"bajo las licencias CC. Pero no tiene que ser solamente sobre crear "
+"contenido; puede ser también sobre añadir valor de otras maneras. La "
+"plataforma social de blogging Medium provee valor a su comunidad al "
+"incentivar un buen comportamiento, y el resultado es un espacio online con "
+"contenido de remarcada buena calidad generado por los usuarios y con pocos "
+"trolls.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Opendesk contribuye a su "
+"comunidad al comprometerse a ayudar a sus diseñadores a hacer dinero, en "
+"parte al curar y exhibir activamente su trabajo en la plataforma de una "
+"manera efectiva."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2957
msgid ""
"In all cases, it is important to openly acknowledge the amount of value you "
"add versus that which you draw on that was created by others. Being "
"contributed by others, providing more to contributors when the value they "
"add outweighs the value provided by you."
msgstr ""
-"En muchos casos, es importante reconocer abiertamente la cantidad de valor "
-"que uno agrega contra la cantidad de valor que se saca de lo que fue creado "
+"En todo caso, es importante reconocer abiertamente la cantidad de valor que "
+"uno agrega contra la cantidad de valor que uno extrae de lo que fue creado "
"por otros. Ser transparente sobre esto construye credibilidad y muestra que "
-"sos un jugador que contribuye a los comunes. Cuando tu empeño está haciendo "
-"dinero, eso también significa aportar una contribución financiera de una "
-"forma que refleje el valor contribuido por los otros, proveyendo más a "
-"quienes contribuyen cuando el valor que ellos añaden sobrepasa el valor que "
-"vos añadiste."
+"eres un jugador que contribuye al procomún. Cuando tu empeño está generando "
+"dinero, eso también significa aportar una compensación financiera de forma "
+"que refleje el valor contribuido por otros, dando más a quienes contribuyen "
+"cuando el valor que ellos añaden sobrepasa el valor que tú añadiste."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2968
+msgid "Involve people in what you do"
+msgstr "Involucra a la gente en lo que haces"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2973
+msgid "Anderson, Makers, 148."
+msgstr ""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2211
-msgid "#### Involve people in what you do"
-msgstr "#### Involucra a la gente en lo que haces"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2977
+msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2984
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3048
+msgid "Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization."
+msgstr ""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2222
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2970
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of "
+#| "people around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of "
+#| "talent.66 But to make collaboration work, the group has to be effective "
+#| "at what it is doing, and the people within the group have to find "
+#| "satisfaction from being involved.67 This is easier to facilitate for some "
+#| "types of creative work than it is for others. Groups tied together online "
+#| "collaborate best when people can work independently and asynchronously, "
+#| "and particularly for larger groups with loose ties, when contributors can "
+#| "make simple improvements without a particularly heavy time commitment.68"
msgid ""
"Thanks to the Internet, we can tap into the talents and expertise of people "
-"around the globe. Chris Anderson calls it the Long Tail of talent.66 But to "
-"make collaboration work, the group has to be effective at what it is doing, "
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msgstr ""
"Gracias a Internet, podemos utilizar los talentos y la experiencia de "
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"talento.66 Pero para hacer que la colaboración funcione, el grupo tiene que "
"ser efectivo en lo que está haciendo, y la gente en el grupo tiene que "
-"encontrar satisfacción al involucrarse.67 Esto es más fácil de facilitar "
-"para cierto tipo de trabajo creativo que para otro. Los grupos online que "
-"permanecen juntos colaboran mejor cuando la gente puede trabajar de manera "
-"independiente y asíncrona, y particularmente para los grupos más grandes con "
-"lazos más sueltos, donde los contribuyentes pueden hacer simples mejoras sin "
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+"encontrar satisfacción al involucrarse.67 Esto es más sencillo de realizar "
+"para algunos tipos de trabajos creativos que para otros. Los grupos que se "
+"juntan enlinea colaboran mejor cuando la gente puede trabajar de manera "
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+"vínculos más lejanos, donde los contribuyentes pueden hacer simples mejoras "
+"sin un compromiso de tiempo demasiado pesado.68"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2224
-msgid "commitment.68"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2997
+msgid "Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144."
msgstr ""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2233
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:2988
msgid ""
"As the success of Wikipedia demonstrates, editing an online encyclopedia is "
"exactly the sort of activity that is perfect for massive co-creation because "
"own are immensely valuable in the aggregate. Those same sorts of small "
"contributions would be less useful for many other types of creative work, "
"and people are inherently less motivated to contribute when it doesn’t "
-"appear that their efforts will make much of a difference.69"
+"appear that their efforts will make much of a difference.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"Como el éxito de Wikipedia demuestra, editar una enciclopedia en línea es "
+"exactamente el tipo de actividad perfecta para la co-creación masiva porque "
+"las ediciones pequeñas e incrementales, hechas por un rango diverso de gente "
+"actuando por su cuenta, son inmensamente valiosas cuando se suman. Este "
+"mismo tipo de contribuciones pequeñas serían menos útiles para muchos otros "
+"tipos de trabajo creativo, y la gente está inherentemente menos motivada a "
+"contribuir cuando no parece que sus esfuerzos vayan a hacer mucha diferencia."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3009
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Ibid., 15."
+msgid "Ibid., 154."
+msgstr "Ibid., 15."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3021
+msgid "Palmer, Art of Asking, 163."
msgstr ""
-"Como el éxito de Wikipedia demuestra, editar una enciclopedia online es "
-"exactamente el tipo de actividad que es perfecta para la co-creación masiva "
-"porque las ediciones peuqeñas e incrementales hechas por un rango diverso de "
-"gente actuando por su cuenta son inmensamente valuables cuando se añaden y "
-"se suman entre sí. Este mismo tipo de contribuciones pequeñas serían menos "
-"útiles para muchos otros tipos de trabajo creativo, y la gente está "
-"inherentemente menos motivada a contribuir cuando no parece que sus "
-"esfuerzos vayan a hacer mucha diferencia.69"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2250
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3001
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made "
+#| "possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are "
+#| "truly incredible and inspiring. But in a wide range of circumstances—"
+#| "perhaps more often than not—community cocreation is not part of the "
+#| "equation, even within endeavors built on CC content. Shirky wrote, "
+#| "“Sometimes the value of professional work trumps the value of amateur "
+#| "sharing or a feeling of belonging.70 The textbook publisher OpenStax, "
+#| "which distributes all of its material for free under CC licensing, is an "
+#| "example of this dynamic. Rather than tapping the community to help "
+#| "cocreate their college textbooks, they invest a significant amount of "
+#| "time and money to develop professional content. For individual creators, "
+#| "where the creative work is the basis for what they do, community "
+#| "cocreation is only rarely a part of the picture. Even musician Amanda "
+#| "Palmer, who is famous for her openness and involvement with her fans, "
+#| "said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the writing, "
+#| "the music itself.”71"
msgid ""
"It is easy to romanticize the opportunities for global cocreation made "
"possible by the Internet, and, indeed, the successful examples of it are "
-"truly incredible and inspiring. But in a wide range of circumstances—perhaps "
-"more often than not—community cocreation is not part of the equation, even "
-"within endeavors built on CC content. Shirky wrote, “Sometimes the value of "
-"professional work trumps the value of amateur sharing or a feeling of "
-"belonging.70 The textbook publisher OpenStax, which distributes all of its "
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-"than tapping the community to help cocreate their college textbooks, they "
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-"what they do, community cocreation is only rarely a part of the picture. "
-"Even musician Amanda Palmer, who is famous for her openness and involvement "
-"with her fans, said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input was "
-"the writing, the music itself.”71"
-msgstr ""
-"Es fácil idelizar las oportunidades para la co-creación global hecha posible "
-"por Internet y, de hecho, los ejemples exitosos son verdaderamente "
-"increíbles e inspiradores. Pero un amplio rango de circunstancias —"
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-"la ecuación, incluso en los emprendimientos construidos sobre contenido "
+"truly incredible and inspiring. But in a wide range of circumstances—"
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+"The textbook publisher OpenStax, which distributes all of its material for "
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+"significant amount of time and money to develop professional content. For "
+"individual creators, where the creative work is the basis for what they do, "
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+"Amanda Palmer, who is famous for her openness and involvement with her fans, "
+"said, “The only department where I wasn’t open to input was the writing, the "
+"music itself.”<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"Es fácil idealizar las oportunidades de la co-creación global que se dan "
+"gracias a Internet. De hecho, los ejemples exitosos son verdaderamente "
+"increíbles e inspiradores, pero un amplio rango de circunstancias —"
+"probablemente en la mayoría de casos— la co-creación comunitaria no es parte "
+"de la ecuación, incluso en los emprendimientos construidos sobre contenido "
"liberado con una licencia CC. Shirky escribió: \"A veces el valor del "
-"trabajo profesional triunfa sobre el valor del intercambio amateur o sobre "
-"la sensación de pertenecer.70 El editor de libros de textos OpenStax, que "
-"distribuye todo su material de manera gratuita con una licencia CC, es un "
-"ejemplo de está dinámica. Antes que utilizar a la comunidad para ayudarlos a "
-"co-crear sus libros de texto para escuelas, invierten una cantidad "
-"significativa de tiempo y dinero para desarrollar contenido profesional. "
-"Para los creadores individuales, donde su trabajo creativo es la base de lo "
-"que hacen, la co-creación comunitaria es raramente una parte de la imagen. "
-"Incluso la música Amanda Palmer, que es famosa por su nivel de apertura e "
-"involucramiento con sus fans, dijo: \"La única área donde no estaba "
-"dispuesta a recibir aportes era en la escritura, en la música en sí misma\""
-".71"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2261
+"trabajo profesional triunfa sobre el valor del compartir de la gente común, "
+"o sobre la sensación de pertenencia.70 El editor de libros de textos "
+"OpenStax, que distribuye todo su material de manera gratuita con una "
+"licencia CC, es un ejemplo de está dinámica. En lugar de ayudarse en la "
+"comunidad para co-crear sus libros escolares, invierten una cantidad "
+"significativa de tiempo y dinero en desarrollar contenido profesional. Para "
+"los creadores individuales, para quienes el trabajo creativo es la base de "
+"lo que hacen, la co-creación comunitaria es raramente algo a considerar. "
+"Incluso para la música Amanda Palmer, famosa por su nivel de apertura e "
+"interacción con sus fans, dijo: \"El único área donde no estuve dispuesta a "
+"recibir aportes era en la escritura, en la música misma\".71"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3032
+msgid "Anderson, Makers, 173."
+msgstr ""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3039
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the "
+#| "Potential within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013."
+msgid ""
+"Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
+"within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82."
+msgstr ""
+"Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
+"within Us All. Nueva York: Crown, 2013."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3025
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we "
+#| "hear the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative "
+#| "process in more informal ways, by sharing half-baked ideas and early "
+#| "drafts, and interacting with the public to incubate ideas and get "
+#| "feedback. So-called “making in public” opens the door to letting people "
+#| "feel more invested in your creative work.72 And it shows a nonterritorial "
+#| "approach to ideas and information. Stephen Covey (of The 7 Habits of "
+#| "Highly Effective People fame) calls this the abundance mentality—treating "
+#| "ideas like something plentiful—and it can create an environment where "
+#| "collaboration flourishes.73"
msgid ""
"While we tend to immediately think of cocreation and remixing when we hear "
"the word collaboration, you can also involve others in your creative process "
"in more informal ways, by sharing half-baked ideas and early drafts, and "
"interacting with the public to incubate ideas and get feedback. So-called "
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-"calls this the abundance mentality—treating ideas like something plentiful—"
-"and it can create an environment where collaboration flourishes.73"
+"your creative work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> And it shows a "
+"nonterritorial approach to ideas and information. Stephen Covey (of The 7 "
+"Habits of Highly Effective People fame) calls this the abundance mentality—"
+"treating ideas like something plentiful—and it can create an environment "
+"where collaboration flourishes.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
msgstr ""
-"Mientras tendemos a pensar inmediatamente en la co-creación y en la remezcla "
+"Si bien tendemos a pensar inmediatamente en la co-creación y en el remix "
"cuando escuchamos la palabra colaboración, también se puede involucrar a "
"otros en tu proceso creativo de maneras más informales, intercambiando ideas "
"a medio desarrollar y borradores tempranos, e interactuando con el público "
-"para incubir ideas y obtener retroalimentación. El así llamado proceso de \""
-"hacer en público\" abre la puerta a dejar a que la gente se sienta más "
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-"las ideas y a la información. Stephen Covey (de Los siete habítos de la "
-"gente altamente efectiva) llama a esto la mentalidad de la abundancia —"
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-"colaboración florezca.73"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2270
-msgid ""
-"There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a "
-"way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own "
-"motivations.74 What that looks like varies wildly depending on the project. "
-"Not every endeavor that is Made with Creative Commons can be Wikipedia, but "
-"every endeavor can find ways to invite the public into what they do. The "
-"goal for any form of collaboration is to move away from thinking of "
-"consumers as passive recipients of your content and transition them into "
-"active participants.75"
-msgstr ""
-"No hay una forma de involucrar a la gente en lo que hacés. La clave es "
-"encontrar una forma de que la gente pueda contribuir en sus propios "
-"términos, invocada por sus propias motivaciones.74 De qué forma luce eso "
-"varía muchísimo dependiendo del proyecto. No todos los emprendimientos que "
-"están Hechos con Creative Commons pueden ser como Wikipedia, pero cada "
-"emprendmiento necesita encontrar formas de invitar al público en aquello que "
-"quieren hacer. La meta de cualquier forma de colaboración es moverse de "
-"pensar en los consumidores como recipientes pasivos de tu contenido y que "
-"hagan una transición hacia participantes activos.75"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2272
-msgid "#### Notes"
-msgstr "#### Notas"
-
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
-msgid ""
-"Alex Osterwalder and Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
-"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. A preview of the book is available at "
-"strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation."
-msgstr ""
-"Alex Osterwalder y Yves Pigneur, Business Model Generation (Hoboken, NJ: "
-"John Wiley and Sons, 2010), 14. Una previsualización del libro está "
-"disponible en: strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
-msgid ""
-"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
-"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
-msgstr ""
-"Cory Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
-"Age (San Francisco, CA: McSweeney’s, 2014) 68."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
-msgid "Ibid., 55."
-msgstr "Ibid., 55."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
-msgid ""
-"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
-"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface (New York: Hyperion, 2010), "
-"224."
-msgstr ""
-"Chris Anderson, Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
-"Something for Nothing, republicado con un nuevo prefacio (New York: "
-"Hyperion, 2010), 224."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
-msgid "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
-msgstr "Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 44."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '6. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
-msgid ""
-"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
-"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
-msgstr ""
-"Amanda Palmer, The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
-"People Help (New York: Grand Central, 2014), 121."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '7. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
-msgid ""
-"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
-"2012), 64."
-msgstr ""
-"Chris Anderson, Makers: The New Industrial Revolution (New York: Signal, "
-"2012), 64."
-
-#. type: Bullet: '8. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
+"para incubar ideas y obtener retroalimentación. El así llamado proceso de "
+"hacer cosas \"en público\" hace que la gente se sienta más involucrada con "
+"tu trabajo creativo.72 y muestra un enfoque no territorial hacia las ideas y "
+"la información. Stephen Covey (autor de \"Los siete habítos de la gente "
+"altamente efectiva\") llama a esto la mentalidad de la abundancia: tratar a "
+"las ideas como algo pleno. Esto puede crear un ambiente donde la "
+"colaboración florece.73"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3056
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
+#| "Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
msgid ""
-"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
-"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
+"Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
+"Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188."
msgstr ""
-"David Bollier, Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of "
-"the Commons (Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014), 70."
+"Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
+"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2373
-#, no-wrap
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><sect1><sect2><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3045
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding "
+#| "a way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own "
+#| "motivations.74 What that looks like varies wildly depending on the "
+#| "project. Not every endeavor that is Made with Creative Commons can be "
+#| "Wikipedia, but every endeavor can find ways to invite the public into "
+#| "what they do. The goal for any form of collaboration is to move away from "
+#| "thinking of consumers as passive recipients of your content and "
+#| "transition them into active participants.75"
msgid ""
-"9. Anderson, Makers, 66.\n"
-"10. Bryan Kramer, Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy\n"
-" (New York: Morgan James, 2016), 10.\n"
-"11. Anderson, Free, 62.\n"
-"12. Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 38.\n"
-"13. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 68.\n"
-"14. Anderson, Free, 86.\n"
-"15. Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 144.\n"
-"16. Anderson, Free, 123.\n"
-"17. Ibid., 132.\n"
-"18. Ibid., 70.\n"
-"19. James Surowiecki, The Wisdom of Crowds (New York: Anchor Books,\n"
-" 2005), 124. Surowiecki says, “The measure of success of laws and\n"
-" contracts is how rarely they are invoked.”\n"
-"20. Anderson, Free, 44.\n"
-"21. Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 23.\n"
-"22. Anderson, Free, 67.\n"
-"23. Ibid., 58.\n"
-"24. Anderson, Makers, 71.\n"
-"25. Clay Shirky, Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into\n"
-" Collaborators (London: Penguin Books, 2010), 78.\n"
-"26. Ibid., 21.\n"
-"27. Doctorow, Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, 43.\n"
-"28. William Landes Foster, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen, “Ten\n"
-" Nonprofit Funding Models,” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring\n"
-" 2009, ssir.org/articles/entry/ten\\_nonprofit\\_funding\\_models.\n"
-"29. Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 111.\n"
-"30. Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 30.\n"
-"31. Jim Whitehurst, The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and\n"
-" Performance (Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015), 202.\n"
-"32. Anderson, Free, 71.\n"
-"33. Ibid., 231.\n"
-"34. Ibid., 97.\n"
-"35. Anderson, Makers, 107.\n"
-"36. Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 89.\n"
-"37. Ibid., 92.\n"
-"38. Anderson, Free, 142.\n"
-"39. Osterwalder and Pigneur, Business Model Generation, 32.\n"
-"40. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 150.\n"
-"41. Ibid., 134.\n"
-"42. Dan Ariely, Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our\n"
-" Decisions, rev. ed. (New York: Harper Perennial, 2010), 109.\n"
-"43. Austin Kleon, Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and\n"
-" Get Discovered (New York: Workman, 2014), 93.\n"
-"44. Kramer, Shareology, 76.\n"
-"45. Palmer, Art of Asking, 252.\n"
-"46. Whitehurst, Open Organization, 145.\n"
-"47. Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 203.\n"
-"48. Whitehurst, Open Organization, 80.\n"
-"49. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 25.\n"
-"50. Ibid., 31.\n"
-"51. Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 112.\n"
-"52. Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 124.\n"
-"53. Kleon, Show Your Work, 127.\n"
-"54. Palmer, Art of Asking, 121.\n"
-"55. Ariely, Predictably Irrational, 87.\n"
-"56. Ibid., 105.\n"
-"57. Ibid., 36.\n"
-"58. Jono Bacon, The Art of Community, 2nd ed. (Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly\n"
-" Media, 2012), 36.\n"
-"59. Palmer, Art of Asking, 98.\n"
-"60. Whitehurst, Open Organization, 34.\n"
-"61. Surowiecki, Wisdom of Crowds, 200.\n"
-"62. Bollier, Think Like a Commoner, 29.\n"
-"63. Giana Eckhardt and Fleura Bardhi, “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about\n"
-" Sharing at All,” Harvard Business Review (website), January 28,\n"
-" 2015, hbr.org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all.\n"
-"64. Lisa Gansky, The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing,\n"
-" reprint with new epilogue (New York: Portfolio, 2012).\n"
-"65. David Lee, “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the\n"
-" Internet,” BBC News, March 3, 2016,\n"
-" www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680.\n"
-"66. Anderson, Makers, 148.\n"
-"67. Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 164.\n"
-"68. Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization.\n"
-"69. Shirky, Cognitive Surplus, 144.\n"
-"70. Ibid., 154.\n"
-"71. Palmer, Art of Asking, 163.\n"
-"72. Anderson, Makers, 173.\n"
-"73. Tom Kelley and David Kelley, Creative Confidence: Unleashing the\n"
-" Potential within Us All (New York: Crown, 2013), 82.\n"
-"74. Whitehurst, foreword to Open Organization.\n"
-"75. Rachel Botsman and Roo Rogers, What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of\n"
-" Collaborative Consumption (New York: Harper Business, 2010), 188.\n"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2375
-msgid "## The Creative Commons Licenses"
-msgstr "## El nacimiento de Creative Commons"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2388
-msgid ""
-"All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a "
+"There is no one way to involve people in what you do. They key is finding a "
+"way for people to contribute on their terms, compelled by their own "
+"motivations.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> What that looks like "
+"varies wildly depending on the project. Not every endeavor that is Made with "
+"Creative Commons can be Wikipedia, but every endeavor can find ways to "
+"invite the public into what they do. The goal for any form of collaboration "
+"is to move away from thinking of consumers as passive recipients of your "
+"content and transition them into active participants.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"No hay una forma de involucrar a la gente en lo que haces. La clave es "
+"encontrar una forma para que la gente pueda contribuir en sus propios "
+"términos, impulsada por sus propias motivaciones.74 Cómo se ve eso varía "
+"muchísimo dependiendo del proyecto. No todos los emprendimientos que están "
+"Hechos con Creative Commons pueden ser como Wikipedia, pero cada "
+"emprendimiento necesita encontrar formas de invitar al público a ser parte. "
+"La meta de cualquier forma de colaboración es dejar de pensar en los "
+"consumidores como receptores pasivos de tu contenido y convertirlos en "
+"participantes activos.75"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3065
+msgid "The Creative Commons Licenses"
+msgstr "Las Licencias Creative Commons"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3067
+msgid ""
+"All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. At a "
"minimum, a CC- licensed work can be copied and shared in its original form "
-"for noncommercial purposes so long as attribution is given to the creator. "
+"for noncommercial purposes so long as attribution is given to the creator. "
"There are six licenses in the CC license suite that build on that basic set "
"of permissions, ranging from the most restrictive (allowing only those basic "
-"permissions to share unmodified copies for noncommercial purposes) to the "
+"permissions to share unmodified copies for noncommercial purposes) to the "
"most permissive (reusers can do anything they want with the work, even for "
"commercial purposes, as long as they give the creator credit). The licenses "
"are built on copyright and do not cover other types of rights that creators "
msgstr ""
"Todas las licencias Creative Commons otorgan un conjunto básico de permisos. "
"Como mínimo, una obra licenciada bajo CC puede ser copiada y compartida en "
-"su forma original, para propósitos no comerciales, siempre y cuando se dé "
-"atribución a su creador. Hay seis licencias en la familia de CC construidas "
-"sobre ese conjunto básico de permisos, cubriendo desde el más restrictivo "
-"(autorizando únicamente dichos permisos básicos para compartir versiones sin "
-"modificaciones para propósitos no comerciales) hasta el más permisivo (los "
-"reutilizadores pueden hacer lo que quieran con el trabajo, incluyendo su uso "
-"comercial, en tanto den atribución al creador). Estas licencias están "
-"fundamentadas en el derecho de autor, y no cubren otro tipo de derechos que "
-"los creadores puedan emplear en sus trabajos, tales como patentes o marcas "
-"registradas."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2390
+"su forma original, para propósitos no comerciales, siempre y cuando se "
+"brinde atribución a su creador. Hay seis licencias en la familia de CC "
+"construidas sobre ese conjunto básico de permisos, cubriendo desde el más "
+"restrictivo (autorizando únicamente permisos básicos para compartir "
+"versiones, sin modificaciones y para propósitos no comerciales) hasta el más "
+"permisivo (los reutilizadores pueden hacer lo que quieran con el trabajo, "
+"incluyendo su uso comercial, en tanto den atribución al creador). Estas "
+"licencias están fundamentadas en el derecho de autor, y no cubren otro tipo "
+"de derechos que los creadores puedan emplear en sus trabajos, tales como "
+"patentes o marcas registradas."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3081
msgid "Here are the six licenses:"
msgstr "A continuación se presentan las seis licencias:"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2393
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3085
msgid ""
-"{width=\"4.198in\" "
-"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D83BF99FC0821C489.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2399
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3094
msgid ""
"The Attribution license (CC BY) lets others distribute, remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even commercially, as long as they credit you for the "
"Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials."
msgstr ""
"La licencia de Atribución (CC BY) permite a terceros distribuir, remezclar, "
-"modificar, y construir sobre su trabajo, incluso con fines comerciales, "
-"siempre y cuando le den crédito por su creación original. Esta es la más "
-"amplia de las licencias ofrecidas. Se recomienda para la máxima diseminación "
-"y uso de los materiales licenciados."
+"modificar y construir sobre tu obra, incluso con fines comerciales, siempre "
+"y cuando te den crédito por tu creación original. Esta es la más amplia de "
+"las licencias ofrecidas. Se recomienda para máxima diseminación y para uso "
+"de materiales licenciados."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2402
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3102
msgid ""
-"{width=\"4.198in\" "
-"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DFD3592CB17C4EC38.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2409
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3111
msgid ""
"The Attribution-Share-Alike license (CC BY-SA) lets others remix, tweak, and "
"build upon your work, even for commercial purposes, as long as they credit "
"also allow commercial use."
msgstr ""
"La licencia Atribución-CompartirIgual (CC BY-SA) permite a terceros "
-"remezclar, modificar y construir sobre de su trabajo, siempre y cuando le "
-"den crédito, y licencien a sus nuevas creaciones bajo términos idénticos a "
-"los utilizados por usted. Esta licencia frecuentemente se compara con las "
-"licencias de software libre y abierto tipo ”copyleft”. Todos los trabajos "
-"nuevos derivados del suyo llevarán la misma licencia, por lo cual todo "
-"trabajo derivado también permitirá el uso con fines comerciales."
+"remezclar, modificar y construir sobre de tu obra, siempre y cuando te den "
+"crédito y licencien a sus nuevas creaciones bajo términos idénticos a los "
+"utilizados por ti. Esta licencia frecuentemente se compara con las licencias "
+"de software libre y abierto tipo ”copyleft”. Todos los trabajos nuevos "
+"derivados del tuyo llevarán la misma licencia, por lo cual toda obra "
+"derivada también permitirá el uso con fines comerciales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2412
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3121
msgid ""
-"{width=\"4.198in\" "
-"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D254882DE24793FEA.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2416
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3130
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND) allows for redistribution, "
"commercial and noncommercial, as long as it is passed along unchanged with "
"credit to you."
msgstr ""
-"La licencia Atribución-SinDerivadas (CC BY-ND) permite la redistribución, "
-"con fines comerciales y no comerciales por igual, siempre y cuando se haga "
-"sin modificaciones, y le den crédito como autor."
+"La licencia Atribución-SinDerivadas (CC BY-ND) permite la redistribución con "
+"fines comerciales y no comerciales por igual, siempre y cuando se haga sin "
+"modificaciones y te den crédito como autor."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2419
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3136
msgid ""
-"{width=\"4.198in\" "
-"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DCAF78FB61D1CBDA6.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2424
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3145
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC) lets others remix, tweak, "
"and build upon your work noncommercially. Although their new works must also "
"same terms."
msgstr ""
"La licencia Atribución-NoComercial (CC BY-NC) permite a terceros remezclar, "
-"modificar, y construir sobre su trabajo con fines no comerciales "
-"exclusivamente. Si bien en los trabajos derivados se debe mantener el "
-"crédito a usted como creador, no tienen la obligación de licenciarlos bajo "
-"estos mismos términos."
+"modificar y construir sobre tu obra con fines no comerciales exclusivamente. "
+"Si bien en los trabajos derivados se debe mantener el crédito hacia ti como "
+"creador, no tienen la obligación de licenciarlos bajo estos mismos términos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2427
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3152
msgid ""
-"{width=\"4.198in\" "
-"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008D16DA603376395620.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2431
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3161
msgid ""
-"The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others "
+"The Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA) lets others "
"remix, tweak, and build upon your work noncommercially, as long as they "
"credit you and license their new creations under the same terms."
msgstr ""
"comerciales, siempre y cuando le den crédito y licencien sus nuevas "
"creaciones bajo los mismos términos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2434
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3168
msgid ""
-"{width=\"4.198in\" "
-"height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001930000008DC3FEF92B21310965.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2439
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3177
msgid ""
"The Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND) is the most "
"restrictive of our six main licenses, only allowing others to download your "
"compartir su obra con otros siempre y cuando le den crédito, sin dar la "
"posibilidad de modificarla de ninguna manera o utilizarla comercialmente."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2444
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3184
msgid ""
"In addition to these six licenses, Creative Commons has two public-domain "
"tools—one for creators and the other for those who manage collections of "
"administradores de colecciones de trabajos preexistentes creados por autores "
"cuyos plazos de derechos de autor han expirado:"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2447
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3191
msgid ""
-"{width=\"4.1665in"
-"\" height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001900000008DBE3414994CD27786.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2450
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3200
msgid ""
"CC0 enables authors and copyright owners to dedicate their works to the "
"worldwide public domain (“no rights reserved”)."
"CC0 permite a autores y titulares de derechos de autor dedicar sus trabajos "
"al dominio público en todo el mundo (”ningún derecho reservado”)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2453
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><informalfigure><mediaobject>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3205
msgid ""
-"{width=\"4.1665in"
-"\" height=\"1.4689in\"}"
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
msgstr ""
+"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref="
+"\"Pictures/10000201000001900000008D36DCD649C5B1411F.png\" width=\"40.0%\"/> "
+"</imageobject>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2457
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3214
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons Public Domain Mark facilitates the labeling and "
"discovery of works that are already free of known copyright restrictions."
"descubrimiento de trabajos que están ya libres de restricciones conocidas de "
"derecho autoral."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2466
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3219
msgid ""
"In our case studies, some use just one Creative Commons license, others use "
-"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-"
+"several. Attribution (found in thirteen case studies) and Attribution-"
"ShareAlike (found in eight studies) were the most common, with the other "
"licenses coming up in four or so case studies, including the public-domain "
"tool CC0. Some of the organizations we profiled offer both digital content "
"abierta para el código y licencias Creative Commons para el contenido "
"digital, amplifican su involucramiento y compromiso de compartir."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2478
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3230
msgid ""
"There is a popular misconception that the three NonCommercial licenses "
"offered by CC are the only options for those who want to make money off "
"their work. As we hope this book makes clear, there are many ways to make "
-"endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons sustainable. Reserving "
+"endeavors that are Made with Creative Commons sustainable. Reserving "
"commercial rights is only one of those ways. It is certainly true that a "
"license that allows others to make commercial use of your work (CC BY, CC BY-"
"SA, and CC BY-ND) forecloses some traditional revenue streams. If you apply "
"dedicada a hacer películas a pagarle regalías si lo convierten en un "
"largometraje, o evitar que otra compañía venda copias físicas del mismo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2490
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3244
msgid ""
"The decision to choose a NonCommercial and/or NoDerivs license comes down to "
"how much you need to retain control over the creative work. The "
"portion of the exclusive bundle of rights that copyright grants to creators. "
"In some cases, reserving those rights is important to how you bring in "
"revenue. In other cases, creators use a NonCommercial or NoDerivs license "
-"because they can’t give up on the dream of hitting the creative jackpot. The "
-"music platform Tribe of Noise told us the NonCommercial licenses were "
+"because they can’t give up on the dream of hitting the creative jackpot. "
+"The music platform Tribe of Noise told us the NonCommercial licenses were "
"popular among their users because people still held out the dream of having "
"a major record label discover their work."
msgstr ""
"usuarios porque muchos de ellos siguen soñando con que una etiqueta "
"distribuidora descubra su trabajo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2495
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3257
msgid ""
"Other times the decision to use a more restrictive license is due to a "
"concern about the integrity of the work. For example, the nonprofit "
"sus materiales educativos por la importancia de enseñar correctamente temas "
"médicos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2505
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3264
msgid ""
"There is no one right way. The NonCommercial and NoDerivs restrictions "
"reflect the values and preferences of creators about how their creative work "
"compartidos. Las licencias CC son un intento de estandarizar las normas "
"entre distintos dominios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2507
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3276
msgid "Note"
msgstr "Notas"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2511
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3279
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your "
+#| "work in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called "
+#| "“Share Your Work” at"
msgid ""
"For more about the licenses including examples and tips on sharing your work "
"in the digital commons, start with the Creative Commons page called “Share "
-"Your Work” at"
+"Your Work” at <ulink url=\"http://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/\"/>."
msgstr ""
"Para mayor información acerca de las licencias, incluyendo ejemplos y "
"recomendaciones acerca de cómo compartir sus obras en el procomún digital, "
"diríjase a la página de Creative Commons llamada ”Compartir Su Obra” (”Share "
"Your Work” en"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2513
-msgid "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/."
-msgstr "creativecommons.org/share-your-work/."
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2515
-msgid "# Part 2"
-msgstr "# Parte 2"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3287
+msgid "The Case Studies"
+msgstr "Los estudios de caso"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2517
-msgid "# The Case Studies"
-msgstr "# Los estudios de caso"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2525
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3290
msgid ""
"The twenty-four case studies in this section were chosen from hundreds of "
"nominations received from Kickstarter backers, Creative Commons staff, and "
"the global Creative Commons community. We selected eighty potential "
"candidates that represented a mix of industries, content types, revenue "
-"streams, and parts of the world. Twelve of the case studies were selected "
+"streams, and parts of the world. Twelve of the case studies were selected "
"from that group based on votes cast by Kickstarter backers, and the other "
"twelve were selected by us."
msgstr ""
"de los patrocinadores del Kickstarter, y los otros doce fueron seleccionados "
"por nosotros."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2531
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><partintro><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3300
msgid ""
"We did background research and conducted interviews for each case study, "
-"based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for "
+"based on the same set of basic questions about the endeavor. The idea for "
"each case study is to tell the story about the endeavor and the role sharing "
"plays within it, largely the way in which it was told to us by those we "
"interviewed."
"del emprendimiento y el papel que compartir juega dentro de éste, lo cual es "
"en buena medida la manera en que nos fue contado por quienes entrevistamos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2533
-msgid "## Arduino"
-msgstr "## Arduino"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3308
+msgid "Arduino"
+msgstr "Arduino"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2536
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3311
msgid ""
"Arduino is a for-profit open-source electronics platform and computer "
"hardware and software company. Founded in 2005 in Italy."
"Arduino es una plataforma electrónica de fuentes abiertas y una compañía de "
"hardware y software con fines de lucro. Fundada en Italia en 2005."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2538
-msgid "www.arduino.cc"
-msgstr "www.arduino.cc"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3316
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2542
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3318
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (sales of boards, modules, "
+#| "shields, and kits), licensing a trademark (fees paid by those who want to "
+#| "sell Arduino products using their name)"
msgid ""
-"Revenue model: charging for physical copies (sales of boards, modules, "
-"shields, and kits), licensing a trademark (fees paid by those who want to "
-"sell Arduino products using their name)"
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
+"copies (sales of boards, modules, shields, and kits), licensing a trademark "
+"(fees paid by those who want to sell Arduino products using their name)"
msgstr ""
-"Modelo de ganancia: Cobrar por copias físicas (venta de tarjetas, módulos, "
+"Modelo de ingresos: Cobrar por copias físicas (venta de tarjetas, módulos, "
"escudos y kits), licenciamiento de la marca registrada (el importe pagado "
"por aquellos que quieren vender productos Arduino utilizando su nombre)"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2544
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3227
-msgid "Interview date: February 4, 2016"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3323
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4164
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: February 4, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 4, 2016"
msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 4 de febrero, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2546
-msgid "Interviewees: David Cuartielles and Tom Igoe, cofounders"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3326
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewees: David Cuartielles and Tom Igoe, cofounders"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Cuartielles and Tom "
+"Igoe, cofounders"
msgstr "Entrevistados: David Cuartielles y Tom Igoe, cofundadores"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2548
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3231
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3586
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3791
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4031
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4268
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4678
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4890
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5117
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5355
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5790
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6035
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6424
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7068
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3330
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4171
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4602
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4843
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5124
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5433
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5943
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6196
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6517
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6868
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7408
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7692
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8156
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8932
msgid "Profile written by Paul Stacey"
msgstr "Perfil escrito por Paul Stacey"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2560
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3334
msgid ""
"In 2005, at the Interaction Design Institute Ivrea in northern Italy, "
"teachers and students needed an easy way to use electronics and programming "
"documentación, con la licencia Atribución-CompartirIgual (CC BY-SA), y el "
"software bajo la Licencia Pública General (GPL) de GNU."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2568
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3348
msgid ""
"Arduino boards are able to read inputs—light on a sensor, a finger on a "
"button, or a Twitter message—and turn it into outputs—activating a motor, "
"abiertas llamado Processing, una herramienta de programación empleada para "
"hacer artes visuales)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2575
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3358
msgid ""
-"“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. "
+"“The reasons for making Arduino open source are complicated,” Tom says. "
"Partly it was about supporting flexibility. The open-source nature of "
"Arduino empowers users to modify it and create a lot of different "
-"variations, adding on top of what the founders build. David says this “ended "
-"up strengthening the platform far beyond what we had even thought of "
+"variations, adding on top of what the founders build. David says this "
+"“ended up strengthening the platform far beyond what we had even thought of "
"building.”"
msgstr ""
"”Las razones para hacer a Arduino de fuente abierta son complicadas,” dice "
"David dice que esto ”termina fortaleciendo la plataforma mucho más allá de "
"lo que pensamos siquiera en construir.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2584
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3366
msgid ""
"For Tom another factor was the impending closure of the Ivrea design school. "
"He’d seen other organizations close their doors and all their work and "
"compañía, un producto de fuentes abiertas sobrevive. Desde el punto de vista "
"de Tom, ”abrir las fuentes facilita confiar en un producto.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2591
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3375
msgid ""
"With the school closing, David and some of the other Arduino founders "
"started a consulting firm and multidisciplinary design studio they called "
"Tinker, in London. Tinker designed products and services that bridged the "
"digital and the physical, and they taught people how to use new technologies "
-"in creative ways. Revenue from Tinker was invested in sustaining and "
+"in creative ways. Revenue from Tinker was invested in sustaining and "
"enhancing Arduino."
msgstr ""
"Al cerrar la escuela, David y algunos de los otros fundadores de Arduino "
"emplear las nuevas tecnologías de formas creativas. Los ingresos de Tinker "
"se invirtieron en sostener y mejorar a Arduino."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2598
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3384
msgid ""
"For Tom, part of Arduino’s success is because the founders made themselves "
"the first customer of their product. They made products they themselves "
"”si hacemos esto, haremos mucho dinero.” Tom dice que ser el propio primer "
"cliente lo hace a uno más confiado y convincente al vender el producto."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2610
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3392
msgid ""
"Arduino’s business model has evolved over time—and Tom says model is a "
"grandiose term for it. Originally, they just wanted to make a few boards and "
"get them out into the world. They started out with two hundred boards, sold "
"them, and made a little profit. They used that to make another thousand, "
-"which generated enough revenue to make five thousand. In the early days, "
+"which generated enough revenue to make five thousand. In the early days, "
"they simply tried to generate enough funding to keep the venture going day "
"to day. When they hit the ten thousand mark, they started to think about "
"Arduino as a company. By then it was clear you can open-source the design "
-"but still manufacture the physical product. As long as it’s a quality "
+"but still manufacture the physical product. As long as it’s a quality "
"product and sold at a reasonable price, people will buy it."
msgstr ""
"El modelo de negocios de Arduino ha evolucionado con el paso del tiempo —y "
"pero manufacturar el producto físico. Mientras sea un producto de calidad "
"vendido a un precio razonable, la gente lo comprará."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2623
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3406
msgid ""
"Arduino now has a worldwide community of makers—students, hobbyists, "
"artists, programmers, and professionals. Arduino provides a wiki called "
"creadores ha contribuido con una increíble cantidad de conocimiento "
"accesible, útil tanto para novatos como para expertos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2630
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3420
msgid ""
-"Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other "
-"businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino "
+"Transitioning Arduino from a project to a company was a big step. Other "
+"businesses who made boards were charging a lot of money for them. Arduino "
"wanted to make theirs available at a low price to people across a wide range "
"of industries. As with any business, pricing was key. They wanted prices "
"that would get lots of customers but were also high enough to sustain the "
"Querían precios que les trajeran muchos clientes, aunque suficientemente "
"altos para sostener el negocio."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2636
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3428
msgid ""
"For a business, getting to the end of the year and not being in the red is a "
"success. Arduino may have an open-licensing strategy, but they are still a "
"uno exitosamente se aplican. Dice David, ”si hace esas otras cosas bien, "
"compartir las cosas bajo un modelo abierto únicamente le ayudará.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2646
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3436
msgid ""
"While openly licensing the designs, documentation, and software ensures "
"longevity, it does have risks. There’s a possibility that others will create "
"liberar el nuevo diseño empleando la misma licencia Creative Commons para "
"asegurar que la mueva versión es igualmente libre y abierta."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2656
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3448
msgid ""
"Tom and David say that a lot of people have built companies off of Arduino, "
"with dozens of Arduino derivatives out there. But in contrast to closed "
"al ecosistema Arduino, ideas y diseños que la comunidad Arduino emplea e "
"incorpora en sus nuevos productos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2665
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3468
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3459
msgid ""
"Over time, the range of Arduino products has diversified, changing and "
"adapting to new needs and challenges. In addition to simple entry level "
"boards, new products have been added ranging from enhanced boards that "
"provide advanced functionality and faster performance, to boards for "
-"creating Internet of Things applications, wearables, and 3-D printing. The "
+"creating Internet of Things applications, wearables, and 3-D printing. The "
"full range of official Arduino products includes boards, modules (a smaller "
"form-factor of classic boards), shields (elements that can be plugged onto a "
-"board to give it extra features), and kits.1"
+"board to give it extra features), and kits.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
"Sobre el transcurso del tiempo, el rango de productos Arduino se ha "
"diversificado, cambiando y adaptándose a las nuevas necesidades y retos. "
"Cosas, vestibles, e impresión 3-D. El rango completo de los productos "
"Arduino incluye tarjetas, módulos (un formato físico más reducido de las "
"tarjetas clásicas), escudos (elementos que pueden enchufarse sobre una "
-"tarjeta para darle mayor funcionalidad), y kits.1"
+"tarjeta para darle mayor funcionalidad), y kits.<placeholder type=\"footnote"
+"\" id=\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2676
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3471
msgid ""
"Arduino’s focus is on high-quality boards, well-designed support materials, "
"and the building of community; this focus is one of the keys to their "
"hardware y software funiconaran como debían hacerlo, y resolver los "
"problemas de la gente. La comunidad creció orgánicamente desde ese punto."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2686
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3484
msgid ""
"A key decision for Arduino was trademarking the name. The founders needed a "
"way to guarantee to people that they were buying a quality product from a "
"manufactura y distribución, asegurando al mismo tiempo que la marca Arduino "
"no sufre por copias de mala calidad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2694
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3496
msgid ""
"Current official manufacturers are Smart Projects in Italy, SparkFun in the "
-"United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only "
-"manufacturers that are allowed to use the Arduino logo on their boards. "
+"United States, and Dog Hunter in Taiwan/China. These are the only "
+"manufacturers that are allowed to use the Arduino logo on their boards. "
"Trademarking their brand provided the founders with a way to protect "
"Arduino, build it out further, and fund software and tutorial development. "
"The trademark-licensing fee for the brand became Arduino’s revenue-"
"monto por el licenciamiento de la marca se convirtió en el modelo de "
"generación de ganancias para Arduino."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2701
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3506
msgid ""
"How far to open things up wasn’t always something the founders perfectly "
"agreed on. David, who was always one to advocate for opening things up more, "
"pero en la gran escala, el registro de marca y logotipo ha sido una "
"herramienta crítica para Arduino."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2714
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3527
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3515
msgid ""
"David encourages people and businesses to start by sharing everything as a "
"default strategy, and then think about whether there is anything that really "
"Clones,” by one of the founders Massimo Banzi, does a great job of "
"explaining the full complexities of how trademarking their brand has played "
"out, distinguishing between official boards and those that are clones, "
-"derivatives, compatibles, and counterfeits.2"
+"derivatives, compatibles, and counterfeits.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
"David invita a individuos y negocios comenzar siguiendo la estrategia de "
"compartir todo, y sólo entonces pensar acerca de si hay algo que "
"blog de Arduino en 2013, titulado ”Envía a los clones”, escrito por uno de "
"los fundadores, Massimo Banzi, explica a profundidad las complejidades de "
"cómo les ha resultado el registro de su marca, distinguiendo entre tarjetas "
-"oficiales y aquellas que son clones, derivados, compatibles, y falsificados.2"
+"oficiales y aquellas que son clones, derivados, compatibles, y falsificados."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2720
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3530
msgid ""
"For David, an exciting aspect of Arduino is the way lots of people can use "
"it to adapt technology in many different ways. Technology is always making "
"more things possible but doesn’t always focus on making it easy to use and "
-"adapt. This is where Arduino steps in. Arduino’s goal is “making things that "
-"help other people make things.”"
+"adapt. This is where Arduino steps in. Arduino’s goal is “making things "
+"that help other people make things.”"
msgstr ""
"Para David, un aspecto excitante de Arduino es la forma en que mucha gente "
"puede utilizarlo para adaptar a la tecnología de tantas formas distintas. La "
"objetivo de Arduino es ”hacer cosas que ayuden a otras personas a hacer "
"cosas.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2726
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3538
msgid ""
"Arduino has been hugely successful in making technology and electronics "
"reach a larger audience. For Tom, Arduino has been about “the "
"la tecnología debe estar protegida. Tom dice, ”la tecnología es un tipo de "
"alfabetización que todos debieran aprender.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2730
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3546
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for Arduino, going open has been good business—good for product "
"development, good for distribution, good for pricing, and good for "
"para el desarrollo del producto, bueno para su distribución, bueno para los "
"precios, y bueno para la manufactura."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2732
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3770
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4010
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4247
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4869
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5094
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5333
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5580
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6013
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6241
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6682
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7249
-msgid "Web links"
-msgstr "Vínculos Web"
-
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2735
-msgid "www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products"
-msgstr "www.arduino.cc/en/Main/Products"
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2735
-msgid "blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/"
-msgstr "blog.arduino.cc/2013/07/10/send-in-the-clones/"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2737
-msgid "## Ártica"
-msgstr "## Ártica"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2741
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3552
+msgid "Ártica"
+msgstr "Ártica"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3555
msgid ""
"Ártica provides online courses and consulting services focused on how to use "
"digital technology to share knowledge and enable collaboration in arts and "
"usar la tecnología digital para compartir conocimiento y hacer posible la "
"colaboración en las artes y la cultura. Fundada en 2011 en Uruguay."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2743
-msgid "www.articaonline.com"
-msgstr "www.articaonline.com"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2745
-msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services"
-msgstr "Modelo de ganancia: cobrar por servicios personalizados"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2747
-msgid "Interview date: March 9, 2016"
-msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: 9 de marzo de 2016"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2749
-msgid "Interviewees: Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto, cofounders"
-msgstr "Entravistados: Mariana Fossatti y Jorge Gemetto, cofundadores"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2751
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2901
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3056
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3397
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4509
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5597
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6265
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6702
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6880
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7268
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3560
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.articaonline.com\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3562
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
+"services"
+msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: cobrar por servicios personalizados"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3565
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: March 9, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 9, 2016"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 9 de marzo, 2016"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3567
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewees: Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto, cofounders"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Mariana Fossatti and "
+"Jorge Gemetto, cofounders"
+msgstr "Entrevistados: Mariana Fossatti y Jorge Gemetto, cofundadores"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3571
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3758
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3950
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4369
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5735
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7179
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7960
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8482
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8703
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9169
msgid "Profile written by Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
msgstr "Perfil escrito por Sarah Hinchliff Pearson"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2756
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3575
msgid ""
"The story of Mariana Fossatti and Jorge Gemetto’s business, Ártica, is the "
"ultimate example of DIY. Not only are they successful entrepreneurs, the "
"exitosos, el nicho en el que opera su pequeño negocio es esencialmente uno "
"que ellos construyeron por sí mismos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2758
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3581
msgid "Their dream jobs didn’t exist, so they created them."
msgstr "El trabajo de sus sueños no existía, así que lo crearon."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2768
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3584
msgid ""
"In 2011, Mariana was a sociologist working for an international organization "
"to develop research and online education about rural-development issues. "
"línea que brinda educación y consultoría para personas e instituciones que "
"crean proyectos artísticos y culturales en la Internet."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2779
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3596
msgid ""
"Ártica feels like a uniquely twenty-first century business. The small "
"company has a global online presence with no physical offices. Jorge and "
"by creating a MOOC (massive open online course) about remix culture and "
"collaboration in the arts, which gave them a direct way to reach an "
"international audience, attracting students from across Latin America and "
-"Spain. In other words, it is the classic Internet story of being able to "
+"Spain. In other words, it is the classic Internet story of being able to "
"directly tap into an audience without relying upon gatekeepers or "
"intermediaries."
msgstr ""
"aprovechar de forma directa a una audiencia sin depender de barreras ni "
"intermediarios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2788
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3609
msgid ""
"Ártica offers personalized education and consulting services, and helps "
"clients implement projects. All of these services are customized. They call "
"acceso a su contenido, ellos lo brindan gratis y cobran por los servicios "
"personalizados."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2795
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3619
msgid ""
"When they started, they offered a smaller number of courses designed to "
"attract large audiences. “Over the years, we realized that online "
"atención a los estudiantes individuales y ofrecer clases sobre temas más "
"especializados."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2801
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3628
msgid ""
"Online courses are their biggest revenue stream, but they also do more than "
"a dozen consulting projects each year, ranging from digitization to event "
"culturales, y otros son proyectos más pequeños comisionados por artistas "
"individuales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2807
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3636
msgid ""
-"Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. "
+"Ártica also seeks out public and private funding for specific projects. "
"Sometimes, even if they are unsuccessful in subsidizing a project like a new "
-"course or e-book, they will go ahead because they believe in it. They take "
+"course or e-book, they will go ahead because they believe in it. They take "
"the stance that every new project leads them to something new, every new "
"resource they create opens new doors."
msgstr ""
"este porque creen en él. Ellos toman la postura de que cada nuevo proyecto "
"les lleva a algo nuevo, cada nuevo recurso que crean abre nuevas puertas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2821
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3644
msgid ""
"Ártica relies heavily on their free Creative Commons–licensed content to "
"attract new students and clients. Everything they create—online education, "
"viral,” Jorge said. For them, giving others the right to reuse and remix "
"their content is a fundamental value. “How can you offer an online "
"educational service without giving permission to download, make and keep "
-"copies, or print the educational resources?” Jorge said. “If we want to do "
+"copies, or print the educational resources?” Jorge said. “If we want to do "
"the best for our students—those who trust in us to the point that they are "
"willing to pay online without face-to-face contact—we have to offer them a "
"fair and ethical agreement.”"
"dispuestos a pagar en línea sin contacto cara a cara—tenemos que ofrecerles "
"un acuerdo justo y ético.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2827
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3660
msgid ""
"They also believe sharing their ideas and expertise openly helps them build "
"their reputation and visibility. People often share and cite their work. A "
"Ártica ve la reutilización de su trabajo como una forma de abrirse a nuevas "
"oportunidades para su negocio."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2836
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3668
msgid ""
"This belief that openness creates new opportunities reflects another belief—"
"in serendipity. When describing their process for creating content, they "
"otra pieza simple de contenido, la cual puede evolucionar en un producto más "
"complejo en el futuro, como un curso o un libro.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2844
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3678
msgid ""
"Rather than planning their work in advance, they let their creative process "
"be dynamic. “This doesn’t mean that we don’t need to work hard in order to "
"ideas y formas de operar. En muchas formas, para ellos, el proceso es tan "
"importante como el producto final."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2850
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3687
msgid ""
"People and relationships are also just as important, sometimes more. “In the "
"educational and cultural business, it is more important to pay attention to "
"people and process, rather than content or specific formats or materials,” "
-"Mariana said. “Materials and content are fluid. The important thing is the "
+"Mariana said. “Materials and content are fluid. The important thing is the "
"relationships.”"
msgstr ""
"Las personas y las relaciones también son así de importantes, a veces más. "
"materiales,» dijo Mariana. «Los materiales y contenidos son fluidos. Lo "
"importante son las relaciones.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2854
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3695
msgid ""
"Ártica believes in the power of the network. They seek to make connections "
"with people and institutions across the globe so they can learn from them "
"personas e instituciones a través del mundo para poder aprender de estas y "
"compartir sus conocimientos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2865
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3700
msgid ""
"At the core of everything Ártica does is a set of values. “Good content is "
"not enough,” Jorge said. “We also think that it is very important to take a "
"final, lo que guía su trabajo es la misión de democratizar el arte y la "
"cultura."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2873
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3713
msgid ""
-"Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. "
-"Human resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of "
+"Of course, Ártica also has to make enough money to cover its expenses. Human "
+"resources are, by far, their biggest expense. They tap a network of "
"collaborators on a case-by-case basis and hire contractors for specific "
"projects. Whenever possible, they draw from artistic and cultural resources "
"in the commons, and they rely on free software. Their operation is small, "
"culturales del procomún, y utilizan software libre. Su operación es pequeña, "
"eficiente y sostenible, y por esto, es un éxito."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2879
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3722
msgid ""
-"“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it is "
+"“There are lots of people offering online courses,” Jorge said. “But it is "
"easy to differentiate us. We have an approach that is very specific and "
-"personal.” Ártica’s model is rooted in the personal at every level. For "
+"personal.” Ártica’s model is rooted in the personal at every level. For "
"Mariana and Jorge, success means doing what brings them personal meaning and "
"purpose, and doing it sustainably and collaboratively."
msgstr ""
"Jorge, el éxito significa hacer lo que les trae sentido y propósito, y "
"hacerlo de forma sostenible y colaborativa."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2885
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3730
msgid ""
"In their work with younger artists, Mariana and Jorge try to emphasize that "
"this model of success is just as valuable as the picture of success we get "
"se van a frustrar,» dijo Mariana. «Tratamos de mostrarles otra imagen de "
"cómo se ve.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2887
-msgid "## Blender Institute"
-msgstr "## Blender Institute"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3738
+msgid "Blender Institute"
+msgstr "Blender Institute"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2890
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3741
msgid ""
"The Blender Institute is an animation studio that creates 3-D films using "
"Blender software. Founded in 2006 in the Netherlands."
"El Blender Institute es un estudio de animación que crea películas 3-D "
"utilizando el software Blender. Fundado en 2006 en los Países Bajos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2892
-msgid "www.blender.org"
-msgstr "www.blender.org"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3746
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.blender.org\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2895
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3748
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for physical "
+#| "copies, selling merchandise"
msgid ""
-"Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for physical "
-"copies, selling merchandise"
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
+"(subscription-based), charging for physical copies, selling merchandise"
msgstr ""
-"Modelo de ganancia: crowdfunding (basado en subscripción), cobrando por "
+"Modelo de ingresos: crowdfunding (basado en subscripción), cobrando por "
"copias físicas, venta de mercancía"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2897
-msgid "Interview date: March 8, 2016"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3752
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: March 8, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 8, 2016"
msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 8 de marzo, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2899
-msgid "Interviewee: Francesco Siddi, production coordinator"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3754
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: Francesco Siddi, production coordinator"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Francesco Siddi, "
+"production coordinator"
msgstr "Entrevistado: Francesco Siddi, coordinador de producción"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2910
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3762
msgid ""
"For Ton Roosendaal, the creator of Blender software and its related "
"entities, sharing is practical. Making their 3-D content creation software "
"construir la tecnología y contenido que crean de una forma que beneficia a "
"Blender y a su comunidad de maneras concretas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2919
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3773
msgid ""
"Each open-movie project Blender runs produces a host of openly licensed "
"outputs, not just the final film itself but all of the source material as "
"largo y gratificatnte para las comunidades creativas y técnicas, trabajando "
"en conjunto."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2925
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3783
msgid ""
"Rather than just talking about the theoretical benefits of sharing and free "
-"culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s "
+"culture, Ton is very much about doing and making free culture. Blender’s "
"production coordinator Francesco Siddi told us, “Ton believes if you don’t "
"make content using your tools, then you’re not doing anything.”"
msgstr ""
"producción de Blender, Francesco Siddi, nos dijo, ”Ton cree que si no haces "
"contenido empleando tus propias herramientas, no estás haciendo nada.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2935
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3790
msgid ""
"Blender’s history begins in the late 1990s, when Ton created the Blender "
"software. Originally, the software was an in-house resource for his "
-"animation studio based in the Netherlands. Investors became interested in "
+"animation studio based in the Netherlands. Investors became interested in "
"the software, so he began marketing the software to the public, offering a "
"free version in addition to a paid version. Sales were disappointing, and "
"his investors gave up on the endeavor in the early 2000s. He made a deal "
"inversionistas — Si podía juntar suficiente dinero, podría liberar a Blender "
"bajo la Licencia Pública General GNU."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2945
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3801
msgid ""
"This was long before Kickstarter and other online crowdfunding sites "
"existed, but Ton ran his own version of a crowdfunding campaign and quickly "
"constructor y gestor de comunidades, y puso muchísimo trabajo en crear una "
"comunidad de desarrolladores para que el proyecto pudiera vivir.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2952
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3813
msgid ""
"Like any successful free and open-source software project, Blender developed "
"quickly because the community could make fixes and improvements. “Software "
"obscuridad por diez años.” Ton creó a la Fundación Blender para supervisar y "
"administrar al desarrollo y mantenimiento de software."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2961
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3821
msgid ""
"After a few years, Ton began looking for new ways to push development of the "
"software. He came up with the idea of creating CC-licensed films using the "
"Blender software. Ton put a call online for all interested and skilled "
"artists. Francesco said the idea was to get the best artists available, put "
"them in a building together with the best developers, and have them work "
-"together. They would not only produce high-quality openly licensed content, "
+"together. They would not only produce high-quality openly licensed content, "
"they would improve the Blender software in the process."
msgstr ""
"Después de algunos años, Ton comenzó a buscar nuevas maneras de impulsar el "
"licenciamiento abierto, sino que al mismo tiempo también mejorarían al "
"programa Blender."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2968
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3831
msgid ""
-"They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had "
+"They turned to crowdfunding to subsidize the costs of the project. They had "
"about twenty people working full-time for six to ten months, so the costs "
"were significant. Francesco said that when their crowdfunding campaign "
"succeeded, people were astounded. “The idea that making money was possible "
"posible era alucinante para la gente”, dijo. ”Decían, 'Tengo que verlo para "
"creerlo.'”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2974
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3840
msgid ""
"The first film, which was released in 2006, was an experiment. It was so "
"successful that Ton decided to set up the Blender Institute, an entity "
"resultó un éxito todavía mayor. La película, Big Buck Bunny, se viralizó, y "
"sus caracteres animados fueron recogidos por vendedores."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2985
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3848
msgid ""
"Francesco said that, over time, the Blender Institute projects have gotten "
"bigger and more prominent. That means the filmmaking process has become more "
"number of moving parts. This requires a lot of specialized assistance, but "
"the Blender Institute has no problem finding the talent it needs to help on "
"projects. “Blender hardly does any recruiting for film projects because the "
-"talent emerges naturally,” Francesco said. “So many people want to work with "
-"us, and we can’t always hire them because of budget constraints.”"
+"talent emerges naturally,” Francesco said. “So many people want to work "
+"with us, and we can’t always hire them because of budget constraints.”"
msgstr ""
"Francesco dice que, al paso del tiempo, los proyectos del Blender Institute "
"se han hecho más grandes y prominentes. Eso significa que el proceso de "
"gente quiere trabajar con nosotros, y no siempre podemos contratarlos por "
"limitantes presupuestales.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:2993
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3861
msgid ""
"Blender has had a lot of success raising money from its community over the "
-"years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is "
+"years. In many ways, the pitch has gotten easier to make. Not only is "
"crowdfunding simply more familiar to the public, but people know and trust "
"Blender to deliver, and Ton has developed a reputation as an effective "
"community leader and visionary for their work. “There is a whole community "
"comunidad y de visionario para su trabajo. ”Hay toda una comunidad que ve y "
"comprende el beneficio de estos proyectos,” dice Francesco."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3000
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3870
msgid ""
"While these benefits of each open-movie project make a compelling pitch for "
"crowdfunding campaigns, Francesco told us the Blender Institute has found "
"some limitations in the standard crowdfunding model where you propose a "
-"specific project and ask for funding. “Once a project is over, everyone goes "
-"home,” he said. “It is great fun, but then it ends. That is a problem.”"
+"specific project and ask for funding. “Once a project is over, everyone "
+"goes home,” he said. “It is great fun, but then it ends. That is a problem.”"
msgstr ""
"Si bien los beneficios derivados de cada proyecto de película abierta son "
"por sí solos un discurso de ventas efectivo para las campañas de "
"proyecto termina, todos se van a casa,” dijo. ”Es muy divertido, pero "
"entonces termina. Eso es un problema.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3014
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3878
msgid ""
"To make their work more sustainable, they needed a way to receive ongoing "
"support rather than on a project-by-project basis. Their solution is Blender "
"Cloud, a subscription-style crowdfunding model akin to the online "
"crowdfunding platform, Patreon. For about ten euros each month, subscribers "
"get access to download everything the Blender Institute produces—software, "
-"art, training, and more. All of the assets are available under an "
+"art, training, and more. All of the assets are available under an "
"Attribution license (CC BY) or placed in the public domain (CC0), but they "
"are initially made available only to subscribers. Blender Cloud enables "
"subscribers to follow Blender’s movie projects as they develop, sharing "
"también tiene amplios materiales didácticos y bibliotecas de caracteres y "
"otros materiales utilizados en varios proyectos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3019
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3893
msgid ""
"The continuous financial support provided by Blender Cloud subsidizes five "
"to six full-time employees at the Blender Institute. Francesco says their "
"Francesco dice que su objetivo es ampliar su base de subscriptores. ”Esta es "
"nuesra libertad,” nos dice, ”y para los artistas, la libertad lo es todo.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3026
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3900
msgid ""
-"Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The "
+"Blender Cloud is the primary revenue stream of the Blender Institute. The "
"Blender Foundation is funded primarily by donations, and that money goes "
"toward software development and maintenance. The revenue streams of the "
"Institute and Foundation are deliberately kept separate. Blender also has "
"Tienda Blender, donde la gente puede comprar DVDs, camisas, y otros "
"productos Blender."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3031
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3909
msgid ""
"Ton has worked on projects relating to his Blender software for nearly "
"twenty years. Throughout most of that time, he has been committed to making "
"comprometido a hacer del software y contenido producido por éste libre y "
"abierto. Vender una licencia nunca fue parte de su modelo de negocios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3039
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3916
msgid ""
"Since 2006, he has been making films available along with all of their "
"source material. He says he has hardly ever seen people stepping into "
"fuentes originale,s aún así requiere mucho talento, capacidades, tiempo y "
"presupuesto reproducir lo que hiciste”, dijo Ton."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3041
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3926
msgid "For Ton and Blender, it all comes back to doing."
msgstr "Para Ton y Blender, a fin de cuentas todo se trata de hacer."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3043
-msgid "## Cards Against Humanity"
-msgstr "## Cards Against Humanity"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3930
+msgid "Cards Against Humanity"
+msgstr "Cards Against Humanity"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3046
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3933
msgid ""
"Cards Against Humanity is a private, for-profit company that makes a popular "
"party game by the same name. Founded in 2011 in the U.S."
"produce un popular juego homónimo para fiestas. Fue fundada en 2011 en los "
"Estados Unidos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3048
-msgid "www.cardsagainsthumanity.com"
-msgstr "www.cardsagainsthumanity.com"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3938
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.cardsagainsthumanity.com\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3050
-msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies"
-msgstr "Modelo de ganancia: Cobrar por copias físicas"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3940
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
+"copies"
+msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: Cobrar por copias físicas"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3052
-msgid "Interview date: February 3, 2016"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3943
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: February 3, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 3, 2016"
msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 3 de febrero, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3054
-msgid "Interviewee: Max Temkin, cofounder"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3946
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: Max Temkin, cofounder"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Max Temkin, cofounder"
msgstr "Entrevistado: Max Temkin, cofundador"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3061
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3954
msgid ""
"If you ask cofounder Max Temkin, there is nothing particularly interesting "
"about the Cards Against Humanity business model. “We make a product. We sell "
"”hacemos un produto. Lo vendemos por dinero. Después, gastamos menos dinero "
"del que ganamos”."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3069
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3960
msgid ""
"He is right. Cards Against Humanity is a simple party game, modeled after "
"the game Apples to Apples. To play, one player asks a question or fill-in-"
"the-blank statement from a black card, and the other players submit their "
-"funniest white card in response. The catch is that all of the cards are "
-"filled with crude, gruesome, and otherwise awful things. For the right kind "
+"funniest white card in response. The catch is that all of the cards are "
+"filled with crude, gruesome, and otherwise awful things. For the right kind "
"of people (“horrible people,” according to Cards Against Humanity "
"advertising), this makes for a hilarious and fun game."
msgstr ""
"según la publicidad de Cards Against Humanity), esto es suficiente para "
"lograr un juego hilarante y divertido."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3075
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3970
msgid ""
"The revenue model is simple. Physical copies of the game are sold for a "
"profit. And it works. At the time of this writing, Cards Against Humanity is "
"are official expansion packs available, and several official themed packs "
"and international editions as well."
msgstr ""
-"El modelo de ganancia es simple. Las copias físicas del juego se venden para "
+"El modelo de ingresos es simple. Las copias físicas del juego se venden para "
"obtener ganancias. Y funciona. Al momento de escribir esto, Cards Against "
"Humanity es el artículo más vendido de entre todos los juguetes y juegos de "
"Amazon. Hay paquetes de expansión disponibles, y varios paquetes temáticos "
"oficiales, así como ediciones internacionales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3080
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3978
msgid ""
"But Cards Against Humanity is also available for free. Anyone can download a "
"digital version of the game on the Cards Against Humanity website. More than "
"un millón de personas han bajado el juego desde que la compañía comenzó a "
"contar las descargas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3086
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3984
msgid ""
"The game is available under an Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
"(CC BY-NC-SA). That means, in addition to copying the game, anyone can "
"bajo los mismos términos de uso no comercial. La posibilidad de adaptar este "
"juego es todo un nuevo juego por sí solo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3091
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3992
msgid ""
"All together, these factors—the crass tone of the game and company, the free "
"download, the openness to fans remixing the game—give the game a massive "
"descarga gratuita, la apertura a que la gente remezcle el juego— le han dado "
"una base de seguidores masiva."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3102
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:3997
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against "
+#| "Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that "
+#| "Max Temkin and his friends put together for their own amusement. As Max "
+#| "tells the story, they made the game so they could play it themselves on "
+#| "New Year’s Eve because they were too nerdy to be invited to other "
+#| "parties. The game was a hit, so they decided to put it up online as a "
+#| "free PDF. People started asking if they could pay to have the game "
+#| "printed for them, and eventually they decided to run a Kickstarter to "
+#| "fund the printing. They set their Kickstarter goal at \\$4,000—and raised "
+#| "\\$15,000. The game was officially released in May 2011."
msgid ""
"Their success is not the result of a grand plan. Instead, Cards Against "
"Humanity was the last in a long line of games and comedy projects that Max "
"Eve because they were too nerdy to be invited to other parties. The game was "
"a hit, so they decided to put it up online as a free PDF. People started "
"asking if they could pay to have the game printed for them, and eventually "
-"they decided to run a Kickstarter to fund the printing. They set their "
-"Kickstarter goal at \\$4,000—and raised \\$15,000. The game was officially "
+"they decided to run a Kickstarter to fund the printing. They set their "
+"Kickstarter goal at $4,000—and raised $15,000. The game was officially "
"released in May 2011."
msgstr ""
"Su éxito no ha sido resultado de un gran plan. Más bien, Cards Against "
"fondear la impresión. Fijaron su meta de Kickstarter en \\$4,000 —y "
"obtuvieron \\$15,000. El juego salió oficialmente a mercado en mayo de 2011."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3106
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4010
msgid ""
"The game caught on quickly, and it has only grown more popular over time. "
"Max says the eight founders never had a meeting where they decided to make "
"creciendo. Max dice que los ocho fundadores nuna tuvieron una reunión donde "
"decidieran hacer de éste un negocio continuado. ”Simplemente ocurrió,” dice."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3111
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4016
msgid ""
"But this tale of a “happy accident” belies marketing genius. Just like the "
-"game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. It is "
+"game, the Cards Against Humanity brand is irreverent and memorable. It is "
"hard to forget a company that calls the FAQ on their website “Your dumb "
"questions.”"
msgstr ""
"irreverente y memorable. Es dificil olvidar a una compañía que llama a las "
"preguntas frecuentes de su sitio Web ”Tus tontas preguntas.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3123
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4022
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than "
+#| "vulgarity and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black "
+#| "Friday illustrate this particularly well. For those outside the United "
+#| "States, Black Friday is the term for the day after the Thanksgiving "
+#| "holiday, the biggest shopping day of the year. It is an incredibly "
+#| "important day for Cards Against Humanity, like it is for all U.S. "
+#| "retailers. Max said they struggled with what to do on Black Friday "
+#| "because they didn’t want to support what he called the “orgy of "
+#| "consumerism” the day has become, particularly since it follows a day that "
+#| "is about being grateful for what you have. In 2013, after deliberating, "
+#| "they decided to have an Everything Costs \\$5 More sale."
msgid ""
"Like most quality satire, however, there is more to the joke than vulgarity "
"and shock value. The company’s marketing efforts around Black Friday "
"illustrate this particularly well. For those outside the United States, "
"Black Friday is the term for the day after the Thanksgiving holiday, the "
"biggest shopping day of the year. It is an incredibly important day for "
-"Cards Against Humanity, like it is for all U.S. retailers. Max said they "
+"Cards Against Humanity, like it is for all U.S. retailers. Max said they "
"struggled with what to do on Black Friday because they didn’t want to "
"support what he called the “orgy of consumerism” the day has become, "
"particularly since it follows a day that is about being grateful for what "
-"you have. In 2013, after deliberating, they decided to have an Everything "
-"Costs \\$5 More sale."
+"you have. In 2013, after deliberating, they decided to have an Everything "
+"Costs $5 More sale."
msgstr ""
"Como buena parte de la sátira de calidad, sin embargo, el chiste va más allá "
"de la vulgaridad y el valor de impacto. Los esfuerzos de la compañía para "
"lo que uno tiene. En 2013, después de deliberarlo mucho, decidieron iniciar "
"su Venta de Todo Cuesta \\$5 Más."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3127
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4036
msgid ""
"“We sweated it out the night before Black Friday, wondering if our fans were "
"going to hate us for it,” he said. “But it made us laugh so we went with it. "
"nuestros _fans_ nos odiarían por eso,” dijo. ”Pero nos hizo reir, así que lo "
"hicimos. La gente aceptó perfectamente el chiste.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3132
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4041
msgid ""
"This sort of bold transparency delights the media, but more importantly, it "
"engages their fans. “One of the most surprising things you can do in "
"gente,” dice Max. ”La gente se sorprende en que haya transparencia en lo que "
"hacemos.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3139
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4048
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a little "
+#| "subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke.” "
+#| "One year they did a Give Cards Against Humanity \\$5 event, where people "
+#| "literally paid them five dollars for no reason. Their fans wanted to make "
+#| "the joke funnier by making it successful. They made \\$70,000 in a single "
+#| "day."
msgid ""
"Max also likened it to a grand improv scene. “If we do something a little "
"subversive and unexpected, the public wants to be a part of the joke.” One "
-"year they did a Give Cards Against Humanity \\$5 event, where people "
-"literally paid them five dollars for no reason. Their fans wanted to make "
-"the joke funnier by making it successful. They made \\$70,000 in a single "
-"day."
+"year they did a Give Cards Against Humanity $5 event, where people literally "
+"paid them five dollars for no reason. Their fans wanted to make the joke "
+"funnier by making it successful. They made $70,000 in a single day."
msgstr ""
"Max también le encuentra paralelos con la práctica de la improvisación. ”Si "
"hacemos algo un poco subversivo e inesperado, el público quiere ser parte "
"razón para hacerlo. Sus seguidores hicieron el chiste más gracioso "
"haciéndolo exitoso. Obtuvieron \\$70,000 en un sólo día."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3150
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4056
msgid ""
"This remarkable trust they have in their customers is what inspired their "
"decision to apply a Creative Commons license to the game. Trusting your "
-"customers to reuse and remix your work requires a leap of faith. Cards "
+"customers to reuse and remix your work requires a leap of faith. Cards "
"Against Humanity obviously isn’t afraid of doing the unexpected, but there "
"are lines even they do not want to cross. Before applying the license, Max "
"said they worried that some fans would adapt the game to include all of the "
"jokes they intentionally never made because they crossed that line. “It "
-"happened, and the world didn’t end,” Max said. “If that is the worst cost "
-"of using CC, I’d pay that a hundred times over because there are so many "
+"happened, and the world didn’t end,” Max said. “If that is the worst cost of "
+"using CC, I’d pay that a hundred times over because there are so many "
"benefits.”"
msgstr ""
"Esta notable confianza que tienen en sus clientes es lo que los inspiró a "
"no se acabó,” dice Max. ”Si ese es el peor costo de usar CC, lo pagaría cien "
"veces, porque los beneficios son muchísimos.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3157
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4069
msgid ""
"Any successful product inspires its biggest fans to create remixes of it, "
-"but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The "
+"but unsanctioned adaptations are more likely to fly under the radar. The "
"Creative Commons license gives fans of Cards Against Humanity the freedom to "
"run with the game and copy, adapt, and promote their creations openly. Today "
"there are thousands of fan expansions of the game."
"promover sus creaciones abiertamente. Hoy en día hay cientos de expansiones "
"del juego creadas por los seguidores."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3162
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4077
msgid ""
"Max said, “CC was a no-brainer for us because it gets the most people "
"involved. Making the game free and available under a CC license led to the "
"los juegos con mayor mercadeo en el mundo, y nunca hemos gastado un décimo "
"en la comercialización.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3173
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4084
msgid ""
"Of course, there are limits to what the company allows its customers to do "
"with the game. They chose the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license "
-"because it restricts people from using the game to make money. It also "
+"because it restricts people from using the game to make money. It also "
"requires that adaptations of the game be made available under the same "
"licensing terms if they are shared publicly. Cards Against Humanity also "
"polices its brand. “We feel like we’re the only ones who can use our brand "
-"and our game and make money off of it,” Max said. About 99.9 percent of the "
+"and our game and make money off of it,” Max said. About 99.9 percent of the "
"time, they just send an email to those making commercial use of the game, "
"and that is the end of it. There have only been a handful of instances where "
"they had to get a lawyer involved."
"a quienes están haciendo un uso comercial del juego, y eso es todo. Sólo ha "
"habido un puñado de casos en los que involucraron a un abogado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3181
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4098
msgid ""
"Just as there is more than meets the eye to the Cards Against Humanity "
-"business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, "
+"business model, the same can be said of the game itself. To be playable, "
"every white card has to work syntactically with enough black cards. The "
"eight creators invest an incredible amount of work into creating new cards "
-"for the game. “We have daylong arguments about commas,” Max said. “The "
+"for the game. “We have daylong arguments about commas,” Max said. “The "
"slacker tone of the cards gives people the impression that it is easy to "
"write them, but it is actually a lot of work and quibbling.”"
msgstr ""
"gente que es fácil escribirlas, pero en realidad representan una gran "
"cantidad de trabajo y de atención a las sutilezas.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3190
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4108
msgid ""
"That means cocreation with their fans really doesn’t work. The company has a "
"submission mechanism on their website, and they get thousands of "
-"suggestions, but it is very rare that a submitted card is adopted. Instead, "
+"suggestions, but it is very rare that a submitted card is adopted. Instead, "
"the eight initial creators remain the primary authors of expansion decks and "
-"other new products released by the company. Interestingly, the creativity "
-"of their customer base is really only an asset to the company once their "
+"other new products released by the company. Interestingly, the creativity of "
+"their customer base is really only an asset to the company once their "
"original work is created and published when people make their own "
"adaptations of the game."
msgstr ""
"un activo para la compañía una vez que su trabajo original es creado y "
"publicado, una vez que la gente crea sus propias adaptaciones del juego."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3196
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4119
msgid ""
"For all of their success, the creators of Cards Against Humanity are only "
"partially motivated by money. Max says they have always been interested in "
"hcemos chistes y juegos para ganar dinero —ganamos dinero para poder hacer "
"más chistes y juegos,” dice."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3203
-msgid ""
-"In fact, the company has given more than \\$4 million to various charities "
-"and causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all have other "
-"interests and hobbies. We are passionate about other things going on in our "
-"lives. A lot of the activism we have done comes out of us taking things from "
-"the rest of our lives and channeling some of the excitement from the game "
-"into it.”"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4126
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In fact, the company has given more than \\$4 million to various "
+#| "charities and causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all "
+#| "have other interests and hobbies. We are passionate about other things "
+#| "going on in our lives. A lot of the activism we have done comes out of us "
+#| "taking things from the rest of our lives and channeling some of the "
+#| "excitement from the game into it.”"
+msgid ""
+"In fact, the company has given more than $4 million to various charities and "
+"causes. “Cards is not our life plan,” Max said. “We all have other interests "
+"and hobbies. We are passionate about other things going on in our lives. A "
+"lot of the activism we have done comes out of us taking things from the rest "
+"of our lives and channeling some of the excitement from the game into it.”"
msgstr ""
"De hecho, la compañía ha dado más de 4 millones de dólares a diversas "
"caridades y otras causas. ”Las cartas no son nuestro plan de vida,” dice "
"hacemos en el resto de nuestras vidas, y canalizamos algo de la emoción del "
"juego hacia ellas.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3209
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4134
msgid ""
"Seeing money as fuel rather than the ultimate goal is what has enabled them "
"to embrace Creative Commons licensing without reservation. CC licensing "
"trabajo necesariamente significa renunciar a algunas oportunidades para "
"obtener más dinero de los clientes."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3214
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4142
msgid ""
"“It’s not right for everyone to release everything under CC licensing,” Max "
"said. “If your only goal is to make a lot of money, then CC is not best "
"Este tipo de modelo de negocio, sin embargo, le habla a sus valores, hacia "
"quién es usted, y por qué está haciendo las cosas.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3216
-msgid "## The Conversation"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4150
+msgid "The Conversation"
+msgstr "The Conversation (La conversación)"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3220
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4153
msgid ""
"The Conversation is an independent source of news, sourced from the academic "
"and research community and delivered direct to the public over the Internet. "
"Founded in 2011 in Australia."
msgstr ""
+"The Conversation es un medio de comunicación independiente, origiando en la "
+"comunidad académica y de investigación y entregado directamente al público a "
+"través de Internet. Fundado en el 2011 en Australia."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3222
-msgid "theconversation.com"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4158
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3225
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4160
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Revenue model: charging content creators (universities pay membership "
+#| "fees to have their faculties serve as writers), grant funding"
msgid ""
-"Revenue model: charging content creators (universities pay membership fees "
-"to have their faculties serve as writers), grant funding"
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
+"creators (universities pay membership fees to have their faculties serve as "
+"writers), grant funding"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de ingresos: cobrarle a los creadores de contenidos (las "
+"universidades pagan una cuota de membresía para tener a sus profesores como "
+"escritores), donaciones"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3229
-msgid "Interviewee: Andrew Jaspan, founder"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4167
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: Andrew Jaspan, founder"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Andrew Jaspan, founder"
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Andrew Jaspan, fundador"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3239
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4175
msgid ""
"Andrew Jaspan spent years as an editor of major newspapers including the "
"Observer in London, the Sunday Herald in Glasgow, and the Age in Melbourne, "
"Andrew Jaspan pasó muchos años como editor de periódicos importantes "
"incluyendo el the Observer en Londres, el the Sunday Herald en Glasgow, y el "
"the Age en Melbourne, Australia. Experimentó de primera mano el declinar de "
-"los periódicos, incluyendo el colapso de las ganancias, inactividad , y la "
+"los periódicos, incluyendo el colapso de las ganancias, inactividad, y la "
"presión constante de la reducción de costos. Después de que dejó the Age en "
"2005, su preocupación por el futuro del periodismo no desapareció. Andrew "
"realizó un compromiso de regresar con un modelo alternativo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3245
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4185
msgid ""
"Around the time he left his job as editor of the Melbourne Age, Andrew "
"wondered where citizens would get news grounded in fact and evidence rather "
"estaba preocupado acerca de la creciente fijación en el sensacionalismo y lo "
"sexy."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3263
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4192
msgid ""
"While at the Age, he’d become friends with a vice-chancellor of a university "
"in Melbourne who encouraged him to talk to smart people across campus—an "
"parte de la sociedad pero desconectada de ella. Existe un inmenso recurso "
"público pero no tan bueno al exhibir su experiencia ante amplias audiencias."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3274
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4213
msgid ""
"Andrew believed he could to help connect academics back into the public "
"arena, and maybe help society find solutions to big problems. He thought "
"about pairing professional editors with university and research experts, "
"working one-on-one to refine everything from story structure to headline, "
-"captions, and quotes. The editors could help turn something that is academic "
-"into something understandable and readable. And this would be a key "
+"captions, and quotes. The editors could help turn something that is "
+"academic into something understandable and readable. And this would be a key "
"difference from traditional journalism—the subject matter expert would get a "
"chance to check the article and give final approval before it is published. "
"Compare this with reporters just picking and choosing the quotes and writing "
"Comparen esto con los reporteros tomando y escogiendo las sentencias y "
"escribiendo lo que ellos quieran."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3285
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4226
msgid ""
"The people he spoke to liked this idea, and Andrew embarked on raising money "
"and support with the help of the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial "
"lanzado en Australia. Todo lo publicado en the Conversation es abiertamente "
"licenciado con Creative Commons."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3294
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4239
msgid ""
"The Conversation is founded on the belief that underpinning a functioning "
"democracy is access to independent, high-quality, informative journalism. "
"dedicated to the public good. Their core mission is simple: to provide "
"readers with a reliable source of evidence-based information."
msgstr ""
+"The Conversation está basada en la creencia de que lo que subyace en una "
+"democracia que funciona es el acceso al periodismo informativo, "
+"independiente y de alta calidad. El objetivo de The Conversation es que la "
+"gente tenga una mejor comprensión de los hechos actuales y de temas "
+"complejos —y ojalá una mejor calidad de discurso público. The Conversation "
+"se ve a sí mismo como una fuente de información confiable dedicada al bien "
+"común. Su misión central es simple: proveer a los lectores una fuente "
+"fidedigna de información basada en evidencia."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4252
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theconversation.com/us/charter\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3307
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4250
msgid ""
"Andrew worked hard to reinvent a methodology for creating reliable, credible "
"content. He introduced strict new working practices, a charter, and codes of "
-"conduct.1 These include fully disclosing who every author is (with their "
-"relevant expertise); who is funding their research; and if there are any "
-"potential or real conflicts of interest. Also important is where the content "
-"originates, and even though it comes from the university and research "
-"community, it still needs to be fully disclosed. The Conversation does not "
-"sit behind a paywall. Andrew believes access to information is an issue of "
-"equality—everyone should have access, like access to clean water. The "
-"Conversation is committed to an open and free Internet. Everyone should have "
-"free access to their content, and be able to share it or republish it."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3318
+"conduct.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> These include fully "
+"disclosing who every author is (with their relevant expertise); who is "
+"funding their research; and if there are any potential or real conflicts of "
+"interest. Also important is where the content originates, and even though it "
+"comes from the university and research community, it still needs to be fully "
+"disclosed. The Conversation does not sit behind a paywall. Andrew believes "
+"access to information is an issue of equality—everyone should have access, "
+"like access to clean water. The Conversation is committed to an open and "
+"free Internet. Everyone should have free access to their content, and be "
+"able to share it or republish it."
+msgstr ""
+"Andrew trabajó mucho para reinventar una metodología para crear contenido "
+"confiable y creíble. Introdujo nuevas prácticas de trabajo, un estatuto y "
+"códigos de conducta.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Estas guías "
+"incluyen divulgar quién es cada autor (con su experiencia relevante); quién "
+"está financiando su investigación; y si hay algún conflicto de intereses "
+"potencial o real. También es importante dónde se genera el contenido, e "
+"incluso si viene de la universidad y de una comunidad de investigación, este "
+"contenido necesita divulgarse completamente. The Conversation no se sienta "
+"detrás de los paywalls. Andrew cree que el acceso a la infromación es una "
+"cuestión de equidad —todos deberían tener acceso, tal como tener acceso al "
+"agua potable es un derecho. The Conversation está comprometida con una "
+"Internet abierta y libre. Cualquiera debería tener libre acceso a su "
+"contenido y poder compartirlo o republicarlo."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4265
msgid ""
"Creative Commons help with these goals; articles are published with the "
"Attribution- NoDerivs license (CC BY-ND). They’re freely available for "
"Commons license, and in Andrew’s view, Creative Commons is central to "
"everything the Conversation does."
msgstr ""
+"Creative Commons ayuda con estos objetivos; los artículos están publicados "
+"con la licencia Atribución - Sin Obras Derivadas (CC BY-ND). Están "
+"libremente disponibles para que otros las republiquen en otros lados siempre "
+"y cuando se atribuya correctamente y el contenido no sea editado. En estos "
+"cinco años, más de veintidós mil sitios han republicado sus contenidos. El "
+"sitio web de The Conversation recibe alrededor de 2.9 millones de visitas "
+"únicas por mes, pero a través de la republicación tienen 35 millones de "
+"lectores. Esto no podría haberse alcanzado sin las licencias Creative "
+"Commons, y en la visión de Andrew, Creative Commons es central para todo lo "
+"que hace The Conversation."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3325
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4277
msgid ""
"When readers come across the Conversation, they seem to like what they find "
-"and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has grown "
-"primarily through word of mouth. While they don’t have sales and marketing, "
-"they do promote their work through social media (including Twitter and "
-"Facebook), and by being an accredited supplier to Google News."
+"and recommend it to their friends, peers, and networks. Readership has "
+"grown primarily through word of mouth. While they don’t have sales and "
+"marketing, they do promote their work through social media (including "
+"Twitter and Facebook), and by being an accredited supplier to Google News."
msgstr ""
+"Cuando los lectores se encuentran con The Conversation, parece gustarles lo "
+"que encuentran y se lo recomiendan a sus amigos, pares y redes de contactos. "
+"El número de lectores ha crecido principalmente a través del boca en boca. "
+"Mientras que no tienen un área de marketing o de ventas, sí promueven su "
+"trabajo a través de las redes sociales (incluyendo Twitter y Facebook) y a "
+"través de ser un proveedor acreditado para el feed de Noticias de Google."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3333
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4285
msgid ""
"It’s usual for the founders of any company to ask themselves what kind of "
"company it should be. It quickly became clear to the founders of the "
"eyeballs as possible and sell ads. The Conversation founders didn’t want "
"this model. It takes no advertising and is a not-for-profit venture."
msgstr ""
+"Es usual para los fundadores de cualquier empresa el preguntarse qué tipo de "
+"empresa debería ser. Para los creadores de The Conversation estuvo claro "
+"rápidamente que querían crear un bien público antes que hacer dinero a "
+"partir de la información. La mayoría de los medios de comunicación están "
+"trabajando para agregar la mayor cantidad posible de ojos y vender anuncios. "
+"Los fundadores de The Conversation no querían este modelo. The Conversation "
+"no recibe ningún anuncio y es una empresa sin ánimo de lucro."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3342
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4294
msgid ""
"There are now different editions of the Conversation for Africa, the United "
"Kingdom, France, and the United States, in addition to the one for "
"hundred universities around the world. The Conversation would like to be "
"working with university scholars from even more parts of the world."
msgstr ""
+"Ahora hay diferentes ediciones de The Conversation para África, el Reino "
+"Unido, Francia y los Estados Unidos, además de la edición de Australia. "
+"Todas las cinco ediciones tienen sus propios jefes editoriales, consejos "
+"asesores y contenido. La redacción virtual global de The Conversation tiene "
+"aproximadamente noventa personas trabajando para treinta y cinco mil "
+"académicos de más de ciento sesenta universidades alrededor del mundo. A The "
+"Conversation le gustaría estar trabajando con más académicos de otras partes "
+"del mundo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3349
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4304
msgid ""
"Additionally, each edition has its own set of founding partners, strategic "
"partners, and funders. They’ve received funding from foundations, "
"to sustain operations. This would safeguard the current service and help "
"improve coverage and features."
msgstr ""
+"Adicionalmente, cada edición tiene su propio conjunto de socios, socios "
+"estratégicos y donantes. Han recibido financiamiento de fundaciones, "
+"corporaciones, instituciones y donaciones individuales, pero The "
+"Conversation está cambiando hacia membresías pagas por las universidades y "
+"las instituciones de investigación para sostener sus actividades. Esto "
+"permitiría salvaguardar el servicio actual y ayudaría a mejorar la cobertura "
+"y las características distintivas del servicio."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3355
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4313
msgid ""
"When professors from member universities write an article, there is some "
"branding of the university associated with the article. On the Conversation "
"Early participants may be designated as “founding members,” with seats on "
"the editorial advisory board."
msgstr ""
+"Cuando los profesores de las universidades miembro escriben un artículo, hay "
+"cierta publicidad de la universidad asociada con el artículo. En el sitio "
+"web de The Conversation, las universidades miembros que pagan están listadas "
+"como \"miembros y donadores\". Los participantes pioneros pueden ser "
+"designados como \"miembros fundadores\", con asientos en el consejo "
+"editorial asesor."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3363
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4320
msgid ""
"Academics are not paid for their contributions, but they get free editing "
-"from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also "
+"from a professional (four to five hours per piece, on average). They also "
"get access to a large audience. Every author and member university has "
"access to a special analytics dashboard where they can check the reach of an "
"article. The metrics include what people are tweeting, the comments, "
"countries the readership represents, where the article is being republished, "
"and the number of readers per article."
msgstr ""
+"A los académicos no se les paga por sus contribuciones, pero reciben de "
+"manera gratuita el servicio de edición por parte de un profesional (en "
+"promedio, alrededor de cuatro a cinco horas por artículo). También tienen "
+"acceso a una audiencia muy grande. Cada autor y universidad miembro tiene "
+"acceso a un tablero especial de estadísticas donde pueden chequear el "
+"alcance de un artículo. Las métricas incluyen lo que la gente está "
+"twitteando, los comentarios, los países de donde provenien los lectores, "
+"dónde se está republicando el artículo y el número de lecturas por artículo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3369
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4330
msgid ""
"The Conversation plans to expand the dashboard to show not just reach but "
"impact. This tracks activities, behaviors, and events that occurred as a "
"a show to discuss their piece, give a talk at a conference, collaborate, "
"submit a journal paper, and consult a company on a topic."
msgstr ""
+"The Conversation planea expandir el tablero para mostrar no solamente el "
+"alcance sino también el impacto. Esto monitoriza las actividades, los "
+"comportamientos y los eventos que ocurrieron como resultado de la "
+"publicación, incluyendo cosas tales como un académico al que se le solicita "
+"que vaya a una entrevista para discutir su artículo, dar una charla en una "
+"conferencia, colaborar, enviar un artículo a una revista y recibir una "
+"consulta de una empresa sobre un tema."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3373
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4338
msgid ""
-"These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the "
+"These reach and impact metrics show the benefits of membership. With the "
"Conversation, universities can engage with the public and show why they’re "
"of value."
msgstr ""
+"Estas métricas de alcance e impacto muestran los beneficios de la membresía. "
+"Con The Conversation, las universidades pueden comprometerse con el público "
+"y moestrar por qué son de valor."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3379
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4343
msgid ""
"With its tagline, “Academic Rigor, Journalistic Flair,” the Conversation "
"represents a new form of journalism that contributes to a more informed "
"and use of Creative Commons show how it’s possible to generate both a public "
"good and operational revenue at the same time."
msgstr ""
+"Con su eslógan \"Rigor académico, talento periodístico\", The Conversation "
+"representa un nuevo tipo de periodismo que contribuye a una ciudadanía más "
+"informada y a una mejor democracia alrededor del mundo. Su modelo abierto de "
+"negocio y el uso de las licencias Creative Commons muestra cómo es posible "
+"generar tanto un bien público como ganancias que permitan operar al mismo "
+"tiempo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3381
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4490
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5771
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7417
-msgid "Web link"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3383
-msgid "theconversation.com/us/charter"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3385
-msgid "## Cory Doctorow"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4352
+msgid "Cory Doctorow"
+msgstr "Cory Doctorow"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3388
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4355
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and "
"journalist. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
+"Cory Doctorow es un escritor de ciencia ficción, activista, bloguero y "
+"periodista. Vive en los Estados Unidos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3390
-msgid "craphound.com and boingboing.net"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4358
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net"
+"\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://craphound.com\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://boingboing.net"
+"\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3393
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4361
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (book sales), pay-what-you-"
+#| "want, selling translation rights to books"
msgid ""
-"Revenue model: charging for physical copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, "
-"selling translation rights to books"
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
+"copies (book sales), pay-what-you-want, selling translation rights to books"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de negocios: cobrar por las copias físicas (venta de libros), pague-"
+"lo-que-quiera, vender derechos de traducción de los libros"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3395
-msgid "Interview date: January 12, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4365
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: January 12, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 12, 2016"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 12 de enero, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3404
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4373
msgid ""
"Cory Doctorow hates the term “business model,” and he is adamant that he is "
"not a brand. “To me, branding is the idea that you can take a thing that has "
"thing that animates me to work crazy insane hours because it’s the most "
"important thing I know how to do.”"
msgstr ""
+"Cory Doctorow odia el término ”modelo de negocios”, y es firme en sostener "
+"que él no es una marca. ”Para mí, armar una marca es esta idea de que se "
+"puede tomar una cosa que tiene ciertas cualidades, remover todas las "
+"cualidades e ir a venderla”, nos dijo. ”No ando por ahí pensando de qué "
+"forma puedo ser una marca. Estoy haciendo esta cosa que me motiva a trabajar "
+"una cantidad alocada de horas porque es la cosa más importante que sé cómo "
+"hacer.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3408
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4382
msgid ""
"Cory calls himself an entrepreneur. He likes to say his success came from "
"making stuff people happened to like and then getting out of the way of them "
"sharing it."
msgstr ""
+"Cory se llama a sí mismo un emprendedor. Le gusta decir que su éxito provino "
+"de hacer cosas que resultó gustarle a la gente y dejar de interponerse en el "
+"camino para que ellos lo compartieran."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3417
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4387
msgid ""
"He is a science fiction writer, activist, blogger, and journalist. "
"Beginning with his first novel, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, in 2003, "
"nonfiction books, including the most recent Information Doesn’t Want to Be "
"Free, about the ways in which creators can make a living in the Internet age."
msgstr ""
+"Es un escritor de ciencia ficción, activista, bloguero y periodista. Desde "
+"el principio con su primera novela, Down and Out in the Magic Kingdom, de "
+"2003, su obra ha estado publicada bajo una licencia Creative Commons. Cory "
+"es coeditor del popular sitio Boing Boing, licenciado con CC, donde escribe "
+"sobre tecnología, política y propiedad intelectual. También ha escrito "
+"varios libros de no-ficción, incluyendo el más reciente Information Doesn't "
+"Want to Be Free (\"La información no quiere ser libre\"), acerca del modo en "
+"que los creadores pueden ganarse la vida en la era de Internet."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3421
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4398
msgid ""
"Cory primarily makes money by selling physical books, but he also takes on "
"paid speaking gigs and is experimenting with pay-what-you-want models for "
"his work."
msgstr ""
+"Cory fundamentalmente hace dinero vendiendo copias físicas de sus libros, "
+"pero también le pagan por hablar en conferencias y está experimentando con "
+"modelos de pague-lo-que-quiera para su trabajo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3436
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4403
msgid ""
"While Cory’s extensive body of fiction work has a large following, he is "
"just as well known for his activism. He is an outspoken opponent of "
"lock up content because he thinks both undermine creators and the public "
"interest. He is currently a special adviser at the Electronic Frontier "
"Foundation, where he is involved in a lawsuit challenging the U.S. law that "
-"protects DRM. Cory says his political work doesn’t directly make him money, "
+"protects DRM. Cory says his political work doesn’t directly make him money, "
"but if he gave it up, he thinks he would lose credibility and, more "
"importantly, lose the drive that propels him to create. “My political work "
"is a different expression of the same artistic-political urge,” he said. “I "
"the genuineness would leach out of what I do, and the quality that causes "
"people to like what I do would be gone.”"
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3447
+"Mientras que el trabajo de ficción de Cory tiene muchos seguidores, es "
+"igualmente reconocido por su activismo. Es un destacado oponente del derecho "
+"de autor restrictivo y de las tecnologías de gestión de derechos digitales "
+"(DRM, por sus siglas en inglés) utilizadas para encerrar el contenido, "
+"porque piensa que ambas socavan a los creadores y al interés público. "
+"Actualmente es un asesor especial en la Electronic Frontier Foundation, "
+"donde está involucrado en un juicio que desafía a la ley estadounidense que "
+"protege el DRM. Cory dice que su trabajo político no le da dinero de manera "
+"directa, pero que si renunciara a él, perdería credibilidad y, aún más "
+"importante, perdería el impulso que le impulsa a crear. ”Mi trabajo "
+"político es una expresión diferente del mismo tipo de necesidad artístico-"
+"política,” dice. ”Tengo la sospecha de que si dejara las cosas que no me "
+"hacen ganar dinero, se perdería la autenticidad de lo que hago y la cualidad "
+"que hace que lo que hago le guste a la gente.”"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4420
msgid ""
"Cory has been financially successful, but money is not his primary "
"motivation. At the start of his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, he "
"stresses how important it is not to become an artist if your goal is to get "
"rich. “Entering the arts because you want to get rich is like buying lottery "
"tickets because you want to get rich,” he wrote. “It might work, but it "
-"almost certainly won’t. Though, of course, someone always wins the lottery.” "
-"He acknowledges that he is one of the lucky few to “make it,” but he says he "
-"would be writing no matter what. “I am compelled to write,” he wrote. “Long "
-"before I wrote to keep myself fed and sheltered, I was writing to keep "
-"myself sane.”"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3455
+"almost certainly won’t. Though, of course, someone always wins the "
+"lottery.” He acknowledges that he is one of the lucky few to “make it,” but "
+"he says he would be writing no matter what. “I am compelled to write,” he "
+"wrote. “Long before I wrote to keep myself fed and sheltered, I was writing "
+"to keep myself sane.”"
+msgstr ""
+"Cory ha sido financieramente exitoso, pero el dinero no es su motivación "
+"primaria. Al comienzo de su libro Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, "
+"enfatiza lo importante que es no ser un artista si tu objetivo es hacerte "
+"rico. ”Entrar al mundo artístico para hacerse rico es como comprar tickets "
+"de la lotería para hacerse rico,” escribió. ”Puede funcionar, pero lo más "
+"probable es que no funcione. Aunque, por supuesto, siempre alguien gana la "
+"lotería”. Él reconoce que él es uno de los pocos en haberlo conseguido, pero "
+"dice que estaría escribiendo de todos modos. ”Me siento llamado a escribir”, "
+"escribió. ”Mucho antes de escribir para mantener alimentado y cobijado, "
+"estaba escribiendo para mantenerme cuerdo.”"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4433
msgid ""
"Just as money is not his primary motivation to create, money is not his "
"primary motivation to share. For Cory, sharing his work with Creative "
"created to try to stop copying.” In other words, using CC licenses "
"symbolizes his worldview."
msgstr ""
+"Del mismo modo que el dinero no es su principal motivación para crear, el "
+"dinero no es su motivación principal para compartir. Para Cory, compartir su "
+"trabajo con una licencia Creative Commons es un imperativo moral. \"Se "
+"sentía como lo moralmente correcto\", dice de su decisión de adoptar las "
+"licencias Creative Commons. \"Sentí que yo no estaba contribuyendo a la "
+"cultura de la vigilancia y la censura que se ha creado para intentar frenar "
+"que se hagan copias\". En otras palabras, utilizar las licencias CC "
+"simboliza su visión de mundo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3463
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4443
msgid ""
"He also feels like there is a solid commercial basis for licensing his work "
"with Creative Commons. While he acknowledges he hasn’t been able to do a "
"people they should pay him for his work. “I started by not calling them "
"thieves,” he said."
msgstr ""
+"También siente que hay una base comercial sólida para licenciar su trabajo "
+"con Creative Commons. Mientras que reconoce que no ha sido capaz de hacer un "
+"experimento controlado para comparar los beneficios comerciales de licenciar "
+"con CC contra reservar todos los derechos, él piensa que ha vendido más "
+"libros utilizando una licencia CC de los que pudiera haber vendido sin ella. "
+"Cory dice que su objetivo es convencer a la gente de que deben pagarle por "
+"su trabajo. \"Empecé por no llamarlos ladrones\", dice."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3474
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4453
msgid ""
-"Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the "
+"Cory started using CC licenses soon after they were first created. At the "
"time his first novel came out, he says the science fiction genre was overrun "
-"with people scanning and downloading books without permission. When he and "
+"with people scanning and downloading books without permission. When he and "
"his publisher took a closer look at who was doing that sort of thing online, "
"they realized it looked a lot like book promotion. “I knew there was a "
"relationship between having enthusiastic readers and having a successful "
"book, which is a big effort. I decided to spare them the time and energy, "
"and give them the book for free in a format destined to spread.”"
msgstr ""
+"Cory comenzó a utilizar las licencias CC al poco tiempo de que fueran "
+"creadas. En el momento en que su primera novela salió, el género de la "
+"ciencia ficción estaba lleno de gente digitalizando y descargando libros sin "
+"permiso. Cuando él y su editor miraron más de cerca a quienes estaban "
+"haciendo ese tipo de cosas online, se dieron cuenta de que se parecía un "
+"montón a promocionar un libro. ”Sabía que había una relación entre tener "
+"lectores entusiastas y tener una carrera exitosa como escritor,” dice. ”En "
+"ese momento, tomaba ocho horas hacerle reconocimiento de caracteres a un "
+"libro, lo que es un gran esfuerzo. Decidí liberarles el tiempo y la energía, "
+"y darles el libro de manera gratuita en un formato destinado a difundirlo.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3480
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4466
msgid ""
"Cory admits the stakes were pretty low for him when he first adopted "
"Creative Commons licenses. He only had to sell two thousand copies of his "
"successfully at that time because he was just starting out. Now they say he "
"can only do it because he is an established author."
msgstr ""
+"Cory admite que las apuestas eran muy bajas cuando adoptó por primera vez "
+"las licencias Creative Commons. Solamente tenía que vender dos mil copias de "
+"su libro para salir parejo. La gente dice que solo pudo utilizar las "
+"licencias CC de manera exitosa en ese momento porque recién estaba "
+"empezando. Ahora dicen que solo puede hacerlo porque es un autor ya "
+"establecido."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3487
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4474
msgid ""
"The bottom line, Cory says, is that no one has found a way to prevent people "
"from copying the stuff they like. Rather than fighting the tide, Cory makes "
-"his work intrinsically shareable. “Getting the hell out of the way for "
+"his work intrinsically shareable. “Getting the hell out of the way for "
"people who want to share their love of you with other people sounds obvious, "
"but it’s remarkable how many people don’t do it,” he said."
msgstr ""
+"El resultado final, dice Cory, es que nadie ha encontrado una forma de "
+"detener a la gente para que copie las cosas que le gustan. En vez de luchar "
+"contra la corriente, Cory hace que su trabajo sea intrínsecamente fácil de "
+"compartir. \"Largarse del camino de la gente que quiere compartir su amor "
+"por uno con otra gente suena obvio, pero es destacable cómo mucha gente no "
+"lo hace\", dice."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3500
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4482
msgid ""
"Making his work available under Creative Commons licenses enables him to "
"view his biggest fans as his ambassadors. “Being open to fan activity makes "
"interact with it,” he said. Cory’s own website routinely highlights cool "
"things his audience has done with his work. Unlike corporations like Disney "
"that tend to have a hands-off relationship with their fan activity, he has a "
-"symbiotic relationship with his audience. “Engaging with your audience "
-"can’t guarantee you success,” he said. “And Disney is an example of being "
-"able to remain aloof and still being the most successful company in the "
-"creative industry in history. But I figure my likelihood of being Disney is "
-"pretty slim, so I should take all the help I can get.”"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3513
+"symbiotic relationship with his audience. “Engaging with your audience can’t "
+"guarantee you success,” he said. “And Disney is an example of being able to "
+"remain aloof and still being the most successful company in the creative "
+"industry in history. But I figure my likelihood of being Disney is pretty "
+"slim, so I should take all the help I can get.”"
+msgstr ""
+"Hacer su trabajo disponible bajo una licencia Creative Commons le permite "
+"ver a sus fans más grandes como sus embajadores. ”Estar abierto a la "
+"actividad de los fans te hace parte de la conversación sobre lo que los fans "
+"hacen con tu trabajo y cómo interactúan con él,” dice. El propio sitio web "
+"de Cory destaca de manera rutinaria las cosas interesantes que su audiencia "
+"ha hecho con su trabajo. A diferencia de las corporaciones como Disney, que "
+"tienden a tener una relación de poco interés con la actividad de sus fans, "
+"él tiene una relación simbiótica con su audiencia. ”Comprometerse con la "
+"audiencia no garantiza el éxito,” dice. ”Y Disney es un ejemplo de ser capaz "
+"de permancer distante y aún así ser la compañía más exitosa en la historia "
+"de las industrias creativas. Pero me di cuenta de que mis probabilidades de "
+"ser Disney son bastante estrechas, de modo que tengo que tomar toda la ayuda "
+"que pueda obtener.”"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4497
msgid ""
"His first book was published under the most restrictive Creative Commons "
-"license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only "
+"license, Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND). It allows only "
"verbatim copying for noncommercial purposes. His later work is published "
"under the Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA), which "
"gives people the right to adapt his work for noncommercial purposes but only "
"thinks it is more difficult to get people to pay for translations if there "
"are fan translations already available for free."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3525
+"Su primer libro se publicó bajo la licencia más restrictiva de Creative "
+"Commons, la Atribución-No comercial-Sin obras derivadas (CC BY-NC-ND). Solo "
+"permite copiass literales sin fines comerciales. Su trabajo posterior está "
+"publicado con una licencia Atribución-No comercial-Compartir obras derivadas "
+"igual (CC BY-NC-SA), que le da a la gente el derecho de adaptar su trabajo "
+"sin fines no comerciales pero solo si lo comparten de nuevo bajo los mismos "
+"términos de la licencia. Antes de liberar su trabajo bajo una licencia que "
+"permite adaptaciones, vende primer el derecho a traducir el libro a otros "
+"idiomas a un editor comercial. Quiere llegar a nuevos compradores "
+"potenciales en otras partes del mundo, y piensa que es más difícil hacer que "
+"la gente pague por las traducciones si ya hay traducciones de los fans "
+"disponibles de manera gratuita."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4512
msgid ""
"In his book Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free, Cory likens his philosophy "
"to thinking like a dandelion. Dandelions produce thousands of seeds each "
"there who may want to buy creative work or compensate authors for it in some "
"other way. “The more places your work can find itself, the greater the "
"likelihood that it will find one of those would-be customers in some "
-"unsuspected crack in the metaphorical pavement,” he wrote. “The copies that "
+"unsuspected crack in the metaphorical pavement,” he wrote. “The copies that "
"others make of my work cost me nothing, and present the possibility that "
"I’ll get something.”"
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3534
+"En su libro Information Doesn't Want to Be Free, Cory compara su filosofía "
+"con las flores de los dientes de león o panaderos. Estas flores producen "
+"miles de semillas cada primavera, y se dispersan en el aire en todas las "
+"direcciones. La estrategia es maximizar el número de posibilidades azarosas "
+"que estas flores tienen de continuar su línea genética. De manera similar, "
+"dice que hay un montón de gente ahí afuera que quizás quiera comprar obras "
+"creativas o compensar a los autores por ellas de alguna otra manera. ”Entre "
+"mayor sea la cantidad de lugares que el trabajo pueda encontrar, más alta es "
+"la posibilidad de que encontrará uno de esos potenciales clientes en un "
+"hueco insospechado del asfalto metafórico,” escribió. ”Las copias que otras "
+"personas hacen de mi trabajo no me cuestan nada y me presentan la "
+"posibilidad de obtener algo.”"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4526
msgid ""
"Applying a CC license to his work increases the chances it will be shared "
"more widely around the Web. He avoids DRM—and openly opposes the practice—"
"for similar reasons. DRM has the effect of tying a work to a particular "
"platform. This digital lock, in turn, strips the authors of control over "
-"their own work and hands that control over to the platform. He calls it "
+"their own work and hands that control over to the platform. He calls it "
"Cory’s First Law: “Anytime someone puts a lock on something that belongs to "
"you and won’t give you the key, that lock isn’t there for your benefit.”"
msgstr ""
+"Aplicar una licencia CC a su trabajo aumenta la probabilidad de que su "
+"trabajo sea compartido más ampliamente en la web. Él no utiliza DRM —y se "
+"opone abiertamente a la práctica de utilizarlo— por razones similares. El "
+"DRM tiene el efecto de atar una obra a una plataforma en particular. A "
+"cambio, este candado digital le quita al autor el control sobre su propia "
+"obra y se lo entrega a la plataforma. Llama a este efecto la Primera Ley de "
+"Cory: ”Cada vez que alguien pone un candado sobre algo que te pertenece y no "
+"te entrega la llave, ese candado no está puesto ahí para tu beneficio.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3543
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4536
msgid ""
"Cory operates under the premise that artists benefit when there are more, "
"rather than fewer, places where people can access their work. The Internet "
-"has opened up those avenues, but DRM is designed to limit them. “On the one "
+"has opened up those avenues, but DRM is designed to limit them. “On the one "
"hand, we can credibly make our work available to a widely dispersed "
"audience,” he said. “On the other hand, the intermediaries we historically "
"sold to are making it harder to go around them.” Cory continually looks for "
"ways to reach his audience without relying upon major platforms that will "
"try to take control over his work."
msgstr ""
+"Cory trabajo bajo la premisa de que los artistas se benefician cuando hay "
+"más lugares, en vez de menos, donde las personas pueden acceder a su "
+"trabajo. La Internet ha abierto esas avenidas, pero el DRM está diseñada "
+"para limitarls. \"Por un lado, podemos hacer que nuestro trabajo esté "
+"disponible de manera convincente para una audiencia muy dispersa\", dice. "
+"\"Por el otro lado, los intermediarios a los que históricamente les vendimos "
+"están haciendo más difícil evadirlos\". Cory continuamente busca formas de "
+"alcanzar a su audiencia sin depender de las grandes plataformas que tratarán "
+"de tomar control sobre su trabajo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3552
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4547
msgid ""
"Cory says his e-book sales have been lower than those of his competitors, "
"and he attributes some of that to the CC license making the work available "
"creator’s work. He is planning to try his own pay-what-you-want experiment "
"soon."
msgstr ""
+"Cory dice que las ventas de su e-book han sido más bajas que las de sus "
+"competidores, y le atribuye algo de eso a la licencia CC que hace que su "
+"trabajo esté disponible de manera gratuita. Pero cree que la gente está "
+"dispuesta a pagar por el contenido que les gusta, incluso si está disponible "
+"de manera gratuita, siempre y cuando sea fácil de hacer. Tuvo muchísimo "
+"éxito cuando utilizó Humble Bundle, una plataforma que le permite a la gente "
+"pagar lo que quiera por versiones libres de DRM de un paquete de la obra de "
+"un autor en particular. Cory está planificando hacer pronto su propio "
+"experimento de pague-lo-que-quiera."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3561
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4558
msgid ""
"Fans are particularly willing to pay when they feel personally connected to "
"the artist. Cory works hard to create that personal connection. One way he "
-"does this is by personally answering every single email he gets. “If you "
-"look at the history of artists, most die in penury,” he said. “That reality "
+"does this is by personally answering every single email he gets. “If you "
+"look at the history of artists, most die in penury,” he said. “That reality "
"means that for artists, we have to find ways to support ourselves when "
-"public tastes shift, when copyright stops producing. Future-proofing your "
+"public tastes shift, when copyright stops producing. Future-proofing your "
"artistic career in many ways means figuring out how to stay connected to "
"those people who have been touched by your work.”"
msgstr ""
+"Los fans están particularmente dispuestos a pagar cuando se sienten "
+"conectados personalmente al artista. Cory se esfuerza para crear esa "
+"conexión personal. Una de las formas en que hace esto es respondiendo "
+"personalmente cada correo que le llega. ”Si se observa la historia de los "
+"artistas, la mayoría mueren en la penuria,” dice. ”Esa realidad significa "
+"que los artistas tenemos que encontrar formas de apoyarnos cuando el público "
+"cambia de gustos, cuando el derecho de autor deja de producir ingresos. "
+"Hacer carrera artística a prueba del futuro significa en muchos sentidos "
+"descubrir cómo permanecer conectado con esa gente que ha sido tocada por tu "
+"trabajo.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3567
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4569
msgid ""
"Cory’s realism about the difficulty of making a living in the arts does not "
"reflect pessimism about the Internet age. Instead, he says the fact that it "
"in his book, “is how many ways there are to make things, and to get them "
"into other people’s hands and minds.”"
msgstr ""
+"El realismo de Cory sobre la dificultad de ganarse la vida en el mundo del "
+"arte no refleja un pesimismo sobre la era de Internet. En cambio, él dice "
+"que el hecho de que es difícil ganarse la vida como artista no es nada "
+"nuevo. Lo que es nuevo, escribe en su libro, ”es cuántas formas hay de hacer "
+"las cosas y cómo llevarlas a la mente y a las manos de otras personas.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3569
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4577
msgid "It has never been easier to think like a dandelion."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Nunca ha sido más fácil pensar como un diente de león."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3571
-msgid "## Figshare"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4581
+msgid "Figshare"
+msgstr "Figshare"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3576
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4584
msgid ""
"Figshare is a for-profit company offering an online repository where "
"researchers can preserve and share the output of their research, including "
-"figures, data sets, images, and videos. Founded in 2011 in the UK."
+"figures, data sets, images, and videos. Founded in 2011 in the UK."
msgstr ""
+"Figshare es una empresa con ánimo de lucro que ofrece un repositorio en "
+"línea donde los investigadores pueden preservar y compartir los resultados "
+"de sus investigaciones, incluyendo figuras, conjuntos de datos, imágenes y "
+"videos. Fundado en el año 2011 en Gran Bretaña."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3578
-msgid "figshare.com"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4590
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3580
-msgid "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4592
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
+"services to creators"
msgstr ""
+"Model de negocios: la plataforma le provee servicios pagos a los creadores"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3582
-msgid "Interview date: January 28, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4595
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: January 28, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 28, 2016"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 28 de enero, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3584
-msgid "Interviewee: Mark Hahnel, founder"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4598
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: Mark Hahnel, founder"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Hahnel, founder"
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Mark Hahnel, fundador"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3595
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4606
msgid ""
"Figshare’s mission is to change the face of academic publishing through "
"improved dissemination, discoverability, and reusability of scholarly "
"research. Figshare is a repository where users can make all the output of "
"their research available—from posters and presentations to data sets and code"
"—in a way that’s easy to discover, cite, and share. Users can upload any "
-"file format, which can then be previewed in a Web browser. Research output "
+"file format, which can then be previewed in a Web browser. Research output "
"is disseminated in a way that the current scholarly-publishing model does "
"not allow."
msgstr ""
+"La misión de Figshare es cambiar la cara de la publicación académica a "
+"través de mejorar la difusión, el descubrimiento y la reutilización de la "
+"investigación académica. Figshare es un repositorio donde los usuarios "
+"pueden disponibilizar todos los resultados de su investigación —desde "
+"pósters y presentaciones hasta conjuntos de datos y código— de una forma tal "
+"que es fácil de descubrir, citar y compartir. Los usuarios pueden subir "
+"cualquier formato de archivo, que luego puede ser después previsualizado en "
+"un navegador web. Los resultados de la investigación se difunden de una "
+"forma tal que el modelo actual de publicación académica no permite."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3599
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4617
msgid ""
"Figshare founder Mark Hahnel often gets asked: How do you make money? How do "
"we know you’ll be here in five years? Can you, as a for-profit venture, be "
"trusted? Answers have evolved over time."
msgstr ""
+"El fundador de Figshare Mark Hahnel a menudo es interrogado: ¿Cómo hace "
+"dinero?, ¿Cómo sabremos si estará aquí en cinco años?, ¿Puede esta empresa "
+"con ánimo de lucro ser de confianza? Las respuestas han evolucionado con el "
+"tiempo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3607
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4622
msgid ""
"Mark traces the origins of Figshare back to when he was a graduate student "
"getting his PhD in stem cell biology. His research involved working with "
"graphs, and data sets. This was frustrating. Mark believed publishing his "
"complete research would lead to more citations and be better for his career."
msgstr ""
+"Mark rastrea los orígenes de Figshare al momento en que era un candidato a "
+"un doctorado en biología celular. Su investigación involucraba trabajar con "
+"videos de células madre en movimiento. Sin embargo, cuando fue a publicar su "
+"investigación, no había forma para él de publicar sus los videos, las "
+"figuras, los gráficos y los conjuntos de datos. Esto fue frustante. Mark "
+"creía que publicar su investigación completa lo llevaría a tener más citas y "
+"sería mejor para su carrera."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3613
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4631
msgid ""
"Mark does not consider himself an advanced software programmer. "
"Fortunately, things like cloud-based computing and wikis had become "
"mainstream, and he believed it ought to be possible to put all his research "
"online and share it with anyone. So he began working on a solution."
msgstr ""
+"Mark no se considera un programador avanzado. Afortunadamente, cosas como la "
+"computación en la nube y las wikis se habían popularizado, y creyó que tenía "
+"que ser posible poner toda su investigación online y compartirla con "
+"cualquiera. Así que empezó a trabajar en una solución."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3617
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4638
msgid ""
"There were two key needs: licenses to make the data citable, and persistent "
"identifiers— URL links that always point back to the original object "
"ensuring the research is citable for the long term."
msgstr ""
+"Había dos necesidades clave: las licencias para hacer que los datos pudieran "
+"ser citados e identificadores persistentes —los links URL que siempre "
+"apuntan al objeto original, asegurando que la investigación es citable por "
+"un período largo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3624
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4644
msgid ""
"Mark chose Digital Object Identifiers (DOIs) to meet the need for a "
"persistent identifier. In the DOI system, an object’s metadata is stored as "
"object (the web page or URL) can often change. Mark partnered with DataCite "
"for the provision of DOIs for research data."
msgstr ""
+"Mark eligió los DOIs (Digital Object Identifiers, identificadores de objetos "
+"digitales) para resolver la necesidad de un identificador persistente. En el "
+"sistema DOI, los metadatos de un objeto se guardan como una serie de números "
+"en el nombre DOI. Referirse a un objeto por su DOI es más estable que "
+"referirse por su URL, porque la ubicación de un objeto (la página web o la "
+"URL) pueden a menudo cambiar. Mark se asoció con DataCite para la provisión "
+"de DOIs para datos de investigación."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3630
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4653
msgid ""
"As for licenses, Mark chose Creative Commons. The open-access and open-"
"science communities were already using and recommending Creative Commons. "
"peers, he went with CC0 (in the public domain) for data sets and CC BY "
"(Attribution) for figures, videos, and data sets."
msgstr ""
+"En cuanto a las licencias, Mark eligió Creative Commons. Las comunidades de "
+"acceso abierto y ciencia abierta ya las estaban utilizando y recomendando. "
+"Basados en lo que estaba pasando en esas comunidades y en diálogo con sus "
+"pares, eligió la CC0 (en el dominio público) para los conjuntos de datos y "
+"CC BY (Atribución) para figuras, videos y conjuntos de datos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3635
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4661
msgid ""
-"So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He "
+"So Mark began using DOIs and Creative Commons for his own research work. He "
"had a science blog where he wrote about it and made all his data open. "
"People started commenting on his blog that they wanted to do the same. So he "
"opened it up for them to use, too."
msgstr ""
+"Así que Mark empezó a utilizar DOIs y las licencias Creative Commons para su "
+"propio trabajo de investigación. Tenía un blog de ciencia donde escribía "
+"sobre su trabajo y abría todos us datos. La gente empezó a comentar en su "
+"blog, diciendo que ellos querían hacer lo mismo. Así que lo abrió para que "
+"ellos también lo utilizaran."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3642
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4667
msgid ""
"People liked the interface and simple upload process. People started asking "
-"if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of "
+"if they could also share theses, grant proposals, and code. Inclusion of "
"code raised new licensing issues, as Creative Commons licenses are not used "
"for software. To allow the sharing of software code, Mark chose the MIT "
"license, but GNU and Apache licenses can also be used."
msgstr ""
+"A la gente le gustaba la interfaz y el proceso simple para subir la "
+"información. La gente empezó a preguntar si también podían compartir tesis, "
+"propuestas para financiamiento y código. La inclusión de código trajo nuevos "
+"problemas de licenciamiento, ya que las licencias Creative Commons no se "
+"utilizan para software. Para permitir el intercambio de código, Mark eligió "
+"la licencia MIT, pero las licencias GNU y Apache también pueden ser "
+"utilizadas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3648
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4675
msgid ""
"Mark sought investment to make this into a scalable product. After a few "
"unsuccessful funding pitches, UK-based Digital Science expressed interest "
-"but insisted on a more viable business model. They made an initial "
+"but insisted on a more viable business model. They made an initial "
"investment, and together they came up with a freemium-like business model."
msgstr ""
+"Mark buscó fondos para convertir esto en un producto escalable. Luego de "
+"algunos intentos frustrados de financiación, la empresa Digital Science "
+"basada en Gran Bretaña expresó interés pero insistió en un modelo de "
+"negocios más viable. Hicieron una inversión inicial y juntos pensaron en un "
+"modelo de negocios del tipo freemium."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3658
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4682
msgid ""
"Under the freemium model, academics upload their research to Figshare for "
"storage and sharing for free. Each research object is licensed with Creative "
"its value proposition to researchers as “You retain ownership. You license "
"it. You get credit. We just make sure it persists.”"
msgstr ""
+"Bajo el modelo freemium, los académicos suben sus investigaciones a Figshare "
+"para almacenar y compartir de manera gratuita. Cada objeto de investigación "
+"están licenciado con una Creative Commons y recibe un link DOI. La opción "
+"premium le cobra a los investigadores un monto por gigabytes de espacio "
+"privado de almacenamiento, y para espacios privados online diseñados para un "
+"número determinado de investigadores colaboradores, lo que es ideal para "
+"grupos de investigación grandes y geográficamente dispersos. Figshare resume "
+"su propuesa de valor para los investigadores como: \"El investigador "
+"mantiene el control. Lo licencia. Recibe la atribución y el crédito. "
+"Nosotros simplemente nos aseguramos de que persista.\""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3666
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4693
msgid ""
"In January 2012, Figshare was launched. (The fig in Figshare stands for "
"figures.) Using investment funds, Mark made significant improvements to "
"static noninteractive PDFs became interested in having Figshare provide that "
"functionality for them."
msgstr ""
+"En enero de 2012, Figshare fue lanzado. La palabra \"fig\" en Figshare "
+"quiere decir figuras. Utilizando los fondos de inversión, Mark hizo mejoras "
+"significativas a Figshare. Por ejemplo, los investigadores podían "
+"rápidamente previsualizar sus archivos de investigación en un navegador sin "
+"tener que descargarlos primero o sin necesitar un software de una tercera "
+"parte. Las revistas que todavía estaban publicando sus artículos mayormente "
+"como PDFs no interactivos y estáticos se interesaron en que Figshare les "
+"proveyera esa funcionalidad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3678
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4703
msgid ""
"Figshare diversified its business model to include services for journals. "
"Figshare began hosting large amounts of data for the journals’ online "
"Outsourcing this service to Figshare freed publishers from having to develop "
"this functionality as part of their own infrastructure. Figshare-hosted data "
"also provides a link back to the article, generating additional click-"
-"through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and researchers. "
-"Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide variety of "
-"publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and Francis, "
-"to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons licenses for "
-"the data."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3686
+"through and readership—a benefit to both journal publishers and "
+"researchers. Figshare now provides research-data infrastructure for a wide "
+"variety of publishers including Wiley, Springer Nature, PLOS, and Taylor and "
+"Francis, to name a few, and has convinced them to use Creative Commons "
+"licenses for the data."
+msgstr ""
+"Figshare diversificó su modelo de negocios para incluir servicios para "
+"revistas. Figshare empezó a hospedar grandes cantidades de datos para los "
+"artículos en línea de las revistas. Estos datos adicionales mejoraron la "
+"calidad de los artículos. La externalización de este servicio a Figshare "
+"liberó a las editoriales de tener que desarrollar esta funcionalidad como "
+"parte de su propia infraestructura. Los datos hospedados por Figshare "
+"también brindaban un enlace de vuelta al artículo, generando más visitas y "
+"mayor número de personas lectoras—un beneficio tanto para las editoriales de "
+"revistas y las personas investigadoras. Figshare ahora brinda una "
+"infraestructura de datos de investigación para una gran variedad de "
+"editoriales, incluyendo Wiley, Springer, Nature, PLOS y Taylor and Francis, "
+"para nombrar algunas, y las ha convencido de usar licencias Creative Commons "
+"para los datos."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4717
msgid ""
"Governments allocate significant public funds to research. In parallel with "
"the launch of Figshare, governments around the world began requesting the "
-"research they fund be open and accessible. They mandated that researchers "
+"research they fund be open and accessible. They mandated that researchers "
"and academic institutions better manage and disseminate their research "
"outputs. Institutions looking to comply with this new mandate became "
"interested in Figshare. Figshare once again diversified its business model, "
"adding services for institutions."
msgstr ""
+"Los gobiernos asignan fondos públicos significativos para investigación. En "
+"paralelo con el lanzamiento de Figshare, gobiernos alrededor del mundo "
+"empezaron a solicitar que la investigación que estos financian sea abierta y "
+"accesible. Estos mandaron que las personas investigadoras y las "
+"instituciones académicas administraran mejor y diseminaran los resultados de "
+"sus investigaciones. Instituciones buscando cumplir con este nuevo mandato "
+"se interesaron en Figshare. Figshare de nuevo diversificó su modelo de "
+"negocios, agregando servicios para instituciones."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3694
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4727
msgid ""
"Figshare now offers a range of fee-based services to institutions, including "
"their own minibranded Figshare space (called Figshare for Institutions) that "
"securely hosts research data of institutions in the cloud. Services include "
"not just hosting but data metrics, data dissemination, and user-group "
-"administration. Figshare’s workflow, and the services they offer for "
+"administration. Figshare’s workflow, and the services they offer for "
"institutions, take into account the needs of librarians and administrators, "
"as well as of the researchers."
msgstr ""
+"Figshare ahora ofrece una serie de servicios de pago para instituciones, "
+"incluyendo un espacio de Figshare con su propia marca (llamado Figshare para "
+"Instituciones) que hospeda de forma segura en la nube datos de "
+"investigaciones de instituciones. Los servicios no sólo incluyen hospedaje, "
+"sino también métricas de datos, diseminación de datos y administración de "
+"grupos de usuarios. El flujo de trabajo de Figshare, y los servicios que "
+"ofrecen para instituciones, toman en cuenta las necesidades de personas "
+"bibliotecarias y administradoras, tanto como investigadoras."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3705
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4737
msgid ""
"As with researchers and publishers, Fig-share encouraged institutions to "
"share their research with CC BY (Attribution) and their data with CC0 (into "
"the public domain). Funders who require researchers and institutions to use "
"open licensing believe in the social responsibilities and benefits of making "
-"research accessible to all. Publishing research in this open way has come "
-"to be called open access. But not all funders specify CC BY; some "
-"institutions want to offer their researchers a choice, including less "
-"permissive licenses like CC BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial), CC BY-SA "
-"(Attribution-ShareAlike), or CC BY-ND (Attribution-NoDerivs)."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3713
+"research accessible to all. Publishing research in this open way has come to "
+"be called open access. But not all funders specify CC BY; some institutions "
+"want to offer their researchers a choice, including less permissive licenses "
+"like CC BY-NC (Attribution-NonCommercial), CC BY-SA (Attribution-"
+"ShareAlike), or CC BY-ND (Attribution-NoDerivs)."
+msgstr ""
+"Como con personas investigadoras y editoriales, Figshare incitó a que las "
+"instituciones compartieran sus investigacines con CC BY (Atribución), y sus "
+"datos con CC0 (en el dominio público. Patrocinadoras que requieren que las "
+"personas investigadoras e instituciones usen licenciamiento abierto creen en "
+"las responsabilidades sociales y los beneficios de hacer investigación "
+"accesible para todos y todas. Publicar investigaciones en esta forma abierta "
+"se ha venido a llamar acceso abierto. Pero no todas las patrocinadoras "
+"especifican CC BY; algunas instituciones quieren ofrecer opciones a sus "
+"investigadoras, incluyendo licencias menos permisivas como CC BY_NC "
+"(Atribución-NoComercial), CC BY-SA (Atribución-CompartirIgual), o CC BY-ND "
+"(Atribución-SinDerivados)."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4750
msgid ""
"For Mark this created a conflict. On the one hand, the principles and "
"benefits of open science are at the heart of Figshare, and Mark believes CC "
"an open-source CERN project offer all Creative Commons licenses without any "
"negative repercussions, he decided to follow suit."
msgstr ""
+"Para Mark esto ha creado conflicto. En una mano, los principios y beneficios "
+"de la ciencia abierta está en el corazón de Figshare, y Mark cree que CC BY "
+"es la mejor licencia para esto. En la otra mano, las instituciones estaban "
+"diciendo que no usarían Figshare a menos que ofreciera opciones en sus "
+"licencias. Él inicialmente se reusó a ofrecer nada más allá de CC0 y CC BY, "
+"pero después de ver un proyecto de código abierto del CERN que ofrecía todas "
+"las licencias Creative Commons sin repercusiones negativas, decidió seguir "
+"el ejemplo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3720
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4760
msgid ""
"Mark is thinking of doing a Figshare study that tracks research "
"dissemination according to Creative Commons license, and gathering metrics "
"believes more and more researchers and institutions will make it their "
"license of choice."
msgstr ""
+"Mark está pensando en hacer un estudio de Figshare que rastrea la "
+"diseminación de investigaciones de acuerdo a la licencia Creative Commons, y "
+"recolectar métricas en vistas, citas y descargas. Se podría ver cuál "
+"licencia genera el impacto más grande. Si los datos mostraran que CC BY es "
+"más impactante, Mark cree que más y más personas investigadoras e "
+"instituciones la harán su licencia de elección."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4773
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/"
+"Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/articles/"
+"Journal_subscription_costs_FOIs_to_UK_universities/1186832\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3729
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4776
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&"
+"inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://retr0.shinyapps.io/journal_costs/?year=2014&"
+"inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4768
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it "
+#| "possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other "
+#| "applications. As an example, Mark shared a Figshare data set showing the "
+#| "journal subscriptions that higher-education institutions in the United "
+#| "Kingdom paid to ten major publishers.1 Figshare’s API enables that data "
+#| "to be pulled into an app developed by a completely different researcher "
+#| "that converts the data into a visually interesting graph, which any "
+#| "viewer can alter by changing any of the variables.2"
msgid ""
"Figshare has an Application Programming Interface (API) that makes it "
"possible for data to be pulled from Figshare and used in other applications. "
"As an example, Mark shared a Figshare data set showing the journal "
"subscriptions that higher-education institutions in the United Kingdom paid "
-"to ten major publishers.1 Figshare’s API enables that data to be pulled into "
-"an app developed by a completely different researcher that converts the data "
-"into a visually interesting graph, which any viewer can alter by changing "
-"any of the variables.2"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3739
+"to ten major publishers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Figshare’s "
+"API enables that data to be pulled into an app developed by a completely "
+"different researcher that converts the data into a visually interesting "
+"graph, which any viewer can alter by changing any of the variables."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"Figshare tiene una interfaz de programación de aplicaciones (API por sus "
+"siglas en Inglés) que hace posible que los datos sean tomados de Figshare y "
+"usados en otras aplicaciones. Por ejemplo, Mark compartió un conjunto de "
+"datos de Figshare mostrando subscripciones a revistas que instituciones de "
+"educación superior en el Reino Unido pagaron a 10 grandes editoriales.1 La "
+"API de Figshare permite que los datos sean puestos en una aplicación "
+"desarrollada por personas investigadoras completamente diferentes que "
+"convierte los datos en un gráfico visualmente interesante, el cual cualquier "
+"persona espectadora puede alterar cambiando cualquiera de las variables.2"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4779
msgid ""
"The free version of Figshare has built a community of academics, who through "
"word of mouth and presentations have promoted and spread awareness of "
"license to use for software code and whether to offer universities an option "
"of using Creative Commons licenses."
msgstr ""
+"La versión gratuita de Figshare ha construido una comunidad de personas "
+"académicas, quienes a través del boca a boca y presentaciones han promovido "
+"y difundido acerca de Figshare. Para amplificar y premiar a la comunidad, "
+"Figshare estableció un programa de personas consejeras, brindando a quienes "
+"promovieron Figshare sudaderas y camisas, acceso temprano a funcionalidades "
+"nuevas y gastos de viaje cuando dan presentaciones fuera de su área. Estas "
+"consejeras también ayudaron a Mark sobre cuál licencia usar para código de "
+"software, y si debían ofrecer a universidades una opción de usar licencias "
+"Creative Commons."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3749
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4794
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figshare.com/features\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4790
msgid ""
"Mark says his success is partly about being in the right place at the right "
"time. He also believes that the diversification of Figshare’s model over "
"time has been key to success. Figshare now offers a comprehensive set of "
-"services to researchers, publishers, and institutions.3 If he had relied "
-"solely on revenue from premium subscriptions, he believes Figshare would "
-"have struggled. In Figshare’s early days, their primary users were early-"
-"career and late-career academics. It has only been because funders mandated "
-"open licensing that Figshare is now being used by the mainstream."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3756
+"services to researchers, publishers, and institutions.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> If he had relied solely on revenue from premium "
+"subscriptions, he believes Figshare would have struggled. In Figshare’s "
+"early days, their primary users were early-career and late-career academics. "
+"It has only been because funders mandated open licensing that Figshare is "
+"now being used by the mainstream."
+msgstr ""
+"Mark dice que su éxito es parcialmente sobre estar en el lugar correcto en "
+"el momento correcto. Él también cree que la diversificación del modelo de "
+"Figshare a través del tiempo ha sido clave para el éxito. Figshare ahora "
+"ofrece un exhaustivo conjunto de servicios para personas investigadoras, "
+"editoriales e instituciones.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Si él "
+"hubiera confiado solamente en los ingresos por subscripciones premium, él "
+"cree que Figshare hubiera sufrido. En los primeros días de Figshare, sus "
+"personas usuarias principales eran personas académicas empezando o "
+"terminando sus carreras. Fue solo porque patrocinadoras mandaron "
+"licenciamiento abierto que Figshare ahora está siendo usado por las "
+"principales instituciones."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4801
msgid ""
"Today Figshare has 26 million–plus page views, 7.5 million–plus downloads, "
"800,000–plus user uploads, 2 million–plus articles, 500,000-plus "
"from Google. A sister company called Altmetric tracks the use of Figshare by "
"others, including Wikipedia and news sources."
msgstr ""
+"Hoy Figshare tiene más de 26 millones de vistas en su página, más de 7.5 "
+"millones millones de descargas, más de 800,000 subidas de usuarios, más de 2 "
+"millones de artículos, más de 500,000 colecciones, y más de 5,000 proyectos. "
+"El sesenta por ciento de su tráfico viene de Google. Una compañía hermana "
+"llamada Altmetric rastrea el uso de Figshare por otras, incluyendo Wikipedia "
+"y fuentes de noticias."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3768
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4809
msgid ""
"Figshare uses the revenue it generates from the premium subscribers, journal "
"publishers, and institutions to fund and expand what it can offer to "
"Going forward, Mark sees Figshare not only as supporting open access to "
"research but also enabling people to collaborate and make new discoveries."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774
+"Figshare usa los ingresos que genera de las subscripciones premium, "
+"editoriales de revistas e instituciones para financiar y expandir lo que "
+"puede ofrecer de gratis para personas investigadoras. Figshare se ha "
+"mantenido públicamente siguiendo sus principios—mantener el servicio "
+"gratuito y requerir el uso de CC BY y CC0 desde el inicio—y desde la "
+"perspectiva de Mark, esta es la razón por la que la gente confía en "
+"Figshare. Mark ve como nuevas competidoras aparecen que solo están en esto "
+"por el dinero. Si Figshare estuviera en esto por el dinero, no les hubiera "
+"interesado ofrecer una versión gratuita. Los principios de Figshare y su "
+"apoyo por la apertura son diferenciadores clave. En el futuro, Mark ve a "
+"Figshare no solo apoyando el acceso abierto en investigación, sino también "
+"permitiendo que las personas colaboren y hagan nuevos descubrimientos."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4824
+msgid "Figure.NZ"
+msgstr "Figure.NZ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4827
msgid ""
-"figshare.com/articles/Journal\\_subscription\\_costs\\_FOIs\\_to\\_UK"
-"\\_universities/1186832"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774
-msgid ""
-"retr0.shinyapps.io/journal\\_costs/?"
-"year=2014&inst=19,22,38,42,59,64,80,95,136"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3774
-msgid "figshare.com/features"
+"Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed "
+"to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New "
+"Zealand."
msgstr ""
+"Figure.NZ es una organización de caridad sin fines de lucro que hace una "
+"plataforma de datos en línea designada para hacer que los datos sean "
+"reusables y fáciles de entender. Fundada en 2012 en Nueva Zelanda."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3776
-msgid "## Figure.NZ"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4832
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3780
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4834
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators, donations, "
+#| "sponsorships"
msgid ""
-"Figure.NZ is a nonprofit charity that makes an online data platform designed "
-"to make data reusable and easy to understand. Founded in 2012 in New Zealand."
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: platform providing paid "
+"services to creators, donations, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de ingresos: plataforma que proporciona servicios con costo a los "
+"creadores, donaciones, patrocinios"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3782
-msgid "figure.nz"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4837
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: May 3, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: May 3, 2016"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 3 de mayo, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3785
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4839
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: Lillian Grace, founder"
msgid ""
-"Revenue model: platform providing paid services to creators, donations, "
-"sponsorships"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3787
-msgid "Interview date: May 3, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lillian Grace, founder"
+msgstr "Entrevistada: Lillian Grace, fundadora"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3789
-msgid "Interviewee: Lillian Grace, founder"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4848
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/"
+"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/"
+"NZDFF_harness-the-power.pdf\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3808
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4847
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented "
+#| "at the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,1 Figure.NZ founder Lillian "
+#| "Grace said there are thousands of valuable and relevant data sets freely "
+#| "available to us right now, but most people don’t use them. She used to "
+#| "think this meant people didn’t care about being informed, but she’s come "
+#| "to see that she was wrong. Almost everyone wants to be informed about "
+#| "issues that matter—not only to them, but also to their families, their "
+#| "communities, their businesses, and their country. But there’s a big "
+#| "difference between availability and accessibility of information. Data is "
+#| "spread across thousands of sites and is held within databases and "
+#| "spreadsheets that require both time and skill to engage with. To use data "
+#| "when making a decision, you have to know what specific question to ask, "
+#| "identify a source that has collected the data, and manipulate complex "
+#| "tools to extract and visualize the information within the data set. "
+#| "Lillian established Figure.NZ to make data truly accessible to all, with "
+#| "a specific focus on New Zealand."
msgid ""
"In the paper Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data presented at "
-"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,1 Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace "
-"said there are thousands of valuable and relevant data sets freely available "
-"to us right now, but most people don’t use them. She used to think this "
-"meant people didn’t care about being informed, but she’s come to see that "
-"she was wrong. Almost everyone wants to be informed about issues that matter—"
-"not only to them, but also to their families, their communities, their "
-"businesses, and their country. But there’s a big difference between "
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-"thousands of sites and is held within databases and spreadsheets that "
-"require both time and skill to engage with. To use data when making a "
-"decision, you have to know what specific question to ask, identify a source "
-"that has collected the data, and manipulate complex tools to extract and "
-"visualize the information within the data set. Lillian established Figure.NZ "
-"to make data truly accessible to all, with a specific focus on New Zealand."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3817
+"the New Zealand Data Futures Forum in 2014,<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/> Figure.NZ founder Lillian Grace said there are thousands of valuable "
+"and relevant data sets freely available to us right now, but most people "
+"don’t use them. She used to think this meant people didn’t care about being "
+"informed, but she’s come to see that she was wrong. Almost everyone wants to "
+"be informed about issues that matter—not only to them, but also to their "
+"families, their communities, their businesses, and their country. But "
+"there’s a big difference between availability and accessibility of "
+"information. Data is spread across thousands of sites and is held within "
+"databases and spreadsheets that require both time and skill to engage with. "
+"To use data when making a decision, you have to know what specific question "
+"to ask, identify a source that has collected the data, and manipulate "
+"complex tools to extract and visualize the information within the data set. "
+"Lillian established Figure.NZ to make data truly accessible to all, with a "
+"specific focus on New Zealand."
+msgstr ""
+"En el estudio titulado Harnessing the Economic and Social Power of Data "
+"presentado en forum Data Futures de Nueva Zelanda en 2014,1 la fundadora de "
+"Figure.NZ Lillian Grace comentó que hay miles de conjuntos de datos "
+"valiosos y relevantes disponibles en estos momentos, pero la mayoría de las "
+"personas no los usan. Ella solía pensar que eso significaba que la gente no "
+"se preocupa de estar infomada, pero ha visto que estaba equivocada. Casi "
+"todos quieren estar informados acerca de temas que les importan—no solo a "
+"ellos, sino también a sus familias, a sus comunidades, a sus negocios, y a "
+"su país. Pero hay una gran diferencia entre disponibilidad y accesibilidad "
+"de la información. La información esta desperdigada a través de miles de "
+"sitios y es almacenada dentro de bases de datos y hojas de cálculo que "
+"requieren tiempo y habilidades para usarlas. Para usar información cuando se "
+"tomá una decisión, tiene que saber que pregunta específica realizar, "
+"identificar una fuenta que haya recolectado la información, y manipular "
+"herramientas complejas para extraer y visualizar la información dentro del "
+"conjunto de datos. Lillian estableció Figure.NZ para hacer a la información "
+"verdaderamente accesible para todos, con un enfoque específico en Nueva "
+"Zelanda."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4866
msgid ""
"Lillian had the idea for Figure.NZ in February 2012 while working for the "
"New Zealand Institute, a think tank concerned with improving economic "
"basic facts.” But understanding the basic facts sometimes requires data and "
"research that you often have to pay for."
msgstr ""
+"Lillian tuvo la idea para Figure.NZ en febrero del 2012 mientras trabajaba "
+"para el New Zealand Institute, un laboratorio de ideas preocupado con "
+"mejorar la prosperidad económica, el bienestar social, calidad "
+"medioambiental, y la productividad ambiental para Nueva Zelanda y los "
+"neozelandeses. Mientras daba pláticas a grupos de negocios y comunitarios, "
+"Lillian se dió cuenta de que «cada uno de los problemas con los que hemos "
+"lidiado hubiera sido mas sencillo de atacar si más gente entendiera los "
+"hechos básicos.» Pero entender los hechos básicos algunas veces requiere "
+"información e investigación por los cuales usualmente tiene que pagar."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3829
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4877
msgid ""
"Lillian began to imagine a website that lifted data up to a visual form that "
-"could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki "
+"could be easily understood and freely accessed. Initially launched as Wiki "
"New Zealand, the original idea was that people could contribute their data "
-"and visuals via a wiki. However, few people had graphs that could be used "
+"and visuals via a wiki. However, few people had graphs that could be used "
"and shared, and there were no standards or consistency around the data and "
"the visuals. Realizing the wiki model wasn’t working, Lillian brought the "
"process of data aggregation, curation, and visual presentation in-house, and "
"became Figure.NZ, and efforts were reoriented toward providing services to "
"those wanting to open their data and present it visually."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3844
+"Lillian comenzó a imaginar un sitio web que llevara lo información a una "
+"forma visual que pudiera ser fácilmente entendible y accesible libremente. "
+"Al principio lo lanzó como Wiki New Zealand, la idea original fue que la "
+"gente pudiera contribuír con su información y sus visuales a través de la "
+"wiki. Sin embargo, pocas personas tenían gráficas que pudieran ser usadas y "
+"compartidas, y no había estandares o consistencia alrededor de la "
+"información y los visuales. Dandose cuenta de que el modelo de la wiki no "
+"estaba funcionando, Lillian trajo el proceso de agragación de datos, "
+"curación, y presentación visual internameten, e invirtió en la tecnología "
+"que ayudara a automatizar parte de eso. Wiki New Zealand se volvió Figure."
+"NZ, y los esfuerzos se reorientaron hacia proporcionar servicios para "
+"aquellos que quisieran abrir su información y presentarla visualmente."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4891
msgid ""
"Here’s how it works. Figure.NZ sources data from other organizations, "
"including corporations, public repositories, government departments, and "
"and data types. Figure.NZ has a chart-designing tool that makes simple bar, "
"line, and area graphs from any data source. The graphs are posted to the "
"Figure.NZ website, and they can also be exported in a variety of formats for "
-"print or online use. Figure.NZ makes its data and graphs available using the "
-"Attribution (CC BY) license. This allows others to reuse, revise, remix, "
+"print or online use. Figure.NZ makes its data and graphs available using "
+"the Attribution (CC BY) license. This allows others to reuse, revise, remix, "
"and redistribute Figure.NZ data and graphs as long as they give attribution "
"to the original source and to Figure.NZ."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3858
+"Así es como trabaja. Figure.NZ obtiene la información de otras "
+"organizaciones, incluyendo corporativos, repositorios públicos, "
+"departamentos gubernamentales, y de la academia. Figure.NZ importa y extrae "
+"la información, y entonces la valida y la estandariza—todo con una fuerte "
+"visión en lo que será mejor para los usuarios. Entonces ellos ponen a "
+"disponibilidad la información en una serie de formatos estandarizados, ambos "
+"formatos humano y máquina legibles, con metadata rico en fuentes, las "
+"licencias, y tipos de datos. Figure.NZ tiene una herramienta de diseño de "
+"gráficos que crea barras simples, líneas, y gráficos de área de cualquier "
+"fuente de información. Los gráficos son publicados en el sitio web Figure."
+"NZ, y pueden ser exportados en una variedad de formatos para imprimir o uso "
+"enlinea. Figure.NZ hace su información y sus gráficos disponibles usando la "
+"licencia Attribution (CC BY). Esto permite a otros reusar, revisar, "
+"remezclar, y redistribuir la información de Figure.NZ y los gráficos en "
+"tanto den créditos a la fuente original y a Figure.NZ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4917
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/"
+"new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/"
+"new-zealand-government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4908
msgid ""
"Lillian characterizes the initial decision to use Creative Commons as "
-"naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian "
+"naively fortunate. It was first recommended to her by a colleague. Lillian "
"spent time looking at what Creative Commons offered and thought it looked "
"good, was clear, and made common sense. It was easy to use and easy for "
"others to understand. Over time, she’s come to realize just how fortunate "
"and important that decision turned out to be. New Zealand’s government has "
"an open-access and licensing framework called NZGOAL, which provides "
"guidance for agencies when they release copyrighted and noncopyrighted work "
-"and material.2 It aims to standardize the licensing of works with government "
-"copyright and how they can be reused, and it does this with Creative Commons "
-"licenses. As a result, 98 percent of all government-agency data is Creative "
-"Commons licensed, fitting in nicely with Figure.NZ’s decision."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3869
+"and material.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It aims to "
+"standardize the licensing of works with government copyright and how they "
+"can be reused, and it does this with Creative Commons licenses. As a result, "
+"98 percent of all government-agency data is Creative Commons licensed, "
+"fitting in nicely with Figure.NZ’s decision."
+msgstr ""
+"Lillian caracteriza la decisión inicial de usar Creative Commons como "
+"ingenuamente afortunada. Fue recomendada primero a ella por un colega. "
+"Lillian empleó tiempo viendo lo que ofrecía Creative Commons y pensó que se "
+"veía bien, era clara, y hacia sentido común. Era fácil de usar y fácil de "
+"entender para otros. Al paso del tiempo, se dió cuenta que tan afortunadad e "
+"importante se mostró esa decisión. El gobierno de Nueva Zelanda tenía un "
+"framework de acceso y licenciamiento abierto llamado NZGOAL, el cual "
+"proporcionaba orientación para las agencias cuando liberaban trabajo y "
+"material con y sin copyright.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Su "
+"objetivo es estandarizar el licenciamiento de obras con derechos de autor "
+"del gobierno y cómo se pueden reutilizar, y lo realiza con licencias "
+"Creative Commons. Como resultdo, 98 porciento de toda la información de las "
+"agencias gubernamentales es licenciada con Creative Commons, lo cual queda "
+"muy bien con la decisión de Figure.NZ"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4924
msgid ""
"Lillian thinks current ideas of what a business is are relatively new, only "
"a hundred years old or so. She’s convinced that twenty years from now, we "
-"will see new and different models for business. Figure.NZ is set up as a "
+"will see new and different models for business. Figure.NZ is set up as a "
"nonprofit charity. It is purpose-driven but also strives to pay people well "
-"and thinks like a business. Lillian sees the charity-nonprofit status as an "
+"and thinks like a business. Lillian sees the charity-nonprofit status as an "
"essential element for the mission and purpose of Figure.NZ. She believes "
"Wikipedia would not work if it were for profit, and similarly, Figure.NZ’s "
"nonprofit status assures people who have data and people who want to use it "
"that they can rely on Figure.NZ’s motives. People see them as a trusted "
"wrangler and source."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3886
+"Lillian cree que las ideas actuales de lo que es un negocio son "
+"relativamente nuevas, solo con un ciento de años de edad o algo así. Está "
+"convencida de que dentro de veinte años, veremos nuevos y diferentes modelos "
+"para los negocios. Figure.NZ está hecho como una entidad caritativa sin "
+"ánimo de lucro. Está dirigida por un propósito pero también se esfuerza para "
+"pagarle bien a las peronas y se maneja como un negocio. Lillian ve el "
+"estatus de caridad sin ánimo de lucro como un elemento esencial para la "
+"misión y propósito de Figure.NZ. Ella cree que Wikipedia no podría funcionar "
+"si fuera una entidad lucrativa, y similarmente, el estatus de entidad sin "
+"ánimo de lucro de Figure.NZ le garantiza a la gente que tiene información y "
+"a la gente que quiere usarla que ellos pueden confiar en los motivos de "
+"Figure.NZ. Las personas los ven como un luchador y fuente confiable."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4937
msgid ""
"Although Figure.NZ is a social enterprise that openly licenses their data "
"and graphs for everyone to use for free, they have taken care not to be "
"perceived as a free service all around the table. Lillian believes hundreds "
"of millions of dollars are spent by the government and organizations to "
"collect data. However, very little money is spent on taking that data and "
-"making it accessible, understandable, and useful for decision making. "
+"making it accessible, understandable, and useful for decision making. "
"Government uses some of the data for policy, but Lillian believes that it is "
-"underutilized and the potential value is much larger. Figure.NZ is focused "
+"underutilized and the potential value is much larger. Figure.NZ is focused "
"on solving that problem. They believe a portion of money allocated to "
"collecting data should go into making sure that data is useful and generates "
"value. If the government wants citizens to understand why certain decisions "
"even become a way for a government or any organization to differentiate, "
"market, and brand itself."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3891
+"Aunque Figure.NZ es una empresa social que abiertamente licencia sus datos y "
+"gráficos para que cualquiera los use gratuitamente, han tomado precauciones "
+"para no ser percibidos como un servicio gratuito para todos. Lillian cree "
+"que cientos de millones de dolares son gastados por el gobierno y las "
+"organizaciones para recolectar datos. A pesar de eso, muy poco dinero es "
+"gastado en tomar esos datos y hacerlos accesibles, entendibles, y usables "
+"para la toma de decisiones. Los gobiernos usan algunos de esos datos para "
+"políticas, pero Lillian cree que está subutilizado y que el valor potencial "
+"es mucho mayor. Figure.NZ está enfocado a resolver ese problema. Ellos creen "
+"que una porción del dinero destinado para colectar datos debería dirigirse a "
+"garantizar que los datos son útiles y que generan valor. Si el gobierno "
+"quiere que los ciudadanos entiendan por qué ciertas decisiones son tomadas y "
+"que estén más atentos de lo que los gobiernos están haciendo, ¿ por qué no "
+"transformar la información que recolecta en visuales fácilmente "
+"entendibles ? Incluso podría convertirse en un medio para que el gobierno o "
+"cualquier organización se diferencien, se comercialicen y se creen una marca."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4956
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ spends a lot of time seeking to understand the motivations of data "
-"collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every "
+"collectors and to identify the channels where it can provide value. Every "
"part of their business model has been focused on who is going to get value "
"from the data and visuals."
msgstr ""
+"Figure.NZ emplea mucho tiempo buscando entender las motivaciones de los "
+"recolectores de datos e identificando los canales donde puede proporcionar "
+"valor. Cada parte del modelo de negocios ha sido enfocado en quien va a "
+"obtener valor de la información y los visuales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3904
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4962
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has multiple lines of business. They provide commercial services "
"to organizations that want their data publicly available and want to use "
"they can. Customers are encouraged to help their users find, use, and make "
"things from the data they make available on Figure.NZ’s website. Customers "
"control what is released and the license terms (although Figure.NZ "
-"encourages Creative Commons licensing). Figure.NZ also serves customers who "
+"encourages Creative Commons licensing). Figure.NZ also serves customers who "
"want a specific collection of charts created—for example, for their website "
"or annual report. Charging the organizations that want to make their data "
"available enables Figure.NZ to provide their site free to all users, to "
"truly democratize data."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3915
+"Figure.NZ tiene multiples líneas de negocios. Ellos proporcionan servicios "
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+"públicamente y quieren usar a Figure.NZ como su plataforma de publicación. "
+"La gente que quiere publicar datos abiertos aprecia la habilidad de Figure."
+"NZ de hacerlo rápidamente, más sencillamente, y mejor de lo que ellos "
+"pueden. Los clientes son motivados para ayudar a sus usuarios a encontrar, "
+"usar, y hacer cosas con la información que han puesto a disponibilidad en el "
+"sitio web de Figure.NZ. Los clientes controlan lo que es liberado y los "
+"terminos de licenciamiento ( aunque Figure.NZ impulsa licenciamiento con "
+"Creative Commons). Figure.NZ también sirve a clientes que quieren una "
+"colección específica de gráficos creados—por ejemplo, para su sitio web o su "
+"reporte anual. Cobrarles a las organizaciones que quieren hacer a sus datos "
+"disponibles permite a Figure.NZ proporcionar su sitio sin costo para todos "
+"los usuarios, para verdaderamente democratizar la información."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4978
msgid ""
"Lillian notes that the current state of most data is terrible and often not "
"well understood by the people who have it. This sometimes makes it difficult "
"transparency about the level of effort associated with doing work that has "
"never been done before."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3921
+"Lillian percibe que el actual estado de la mayoría de los datos es terrible "
+"y frecuentemente no es bien entendido por las personas que los tienen. "
+"Algunas veces esto hace difícil para los clientes y Figure.NZ determinar "
+"cuanto costaría importar, estandarizar, y mostrar la información de una "
+"manera útil. Para lidiar con esto, Figure.NZ usar «high-trust contracts,» "
+"donde los clientes depositan cierto presupuesto para la tarea que Figure.NZ "
+"es entonces libre de disponer, tanto como Figure.NZ reporte frecuentemente "
+"lo que han producido de tal manera que el cliente pueda determinar el valor "
+"para el dinero. Esta estrategia ha ayudado a construir confianza y "
+"transpariencia acerca del nivel de esfuerzo asociado con hacer trabajo que "
+"nunca se había hecho antes."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4996
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/business/\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4991
msgid ""
"A second line of business is what Figure.NZ calls partners. ASB Bank and "
"Statistics New Zealand are partners who back Figure.NZ’s efforts. As one "
"example, with their support Figure.NZ has been able to create Business "
"Figures, a special way for businesses to find useful data without having to "
-"know what questions to ask.3"
+"know what questions to ask.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"Una segunda línea de negocios es lo que Figure.NZ llama socios. El banco "
+"ASB y Statistics New Zealand son socios que soportan los esfuerzos de "
+"Figure.NZ. Como un ejemplo, con su apoyo Figure.NZ ha sido capaz de crear "
+"Business Figures, un medio especial para negocios para hallar datos útiles "
+"sin tener que saber que preguntas realizar.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3925
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://figure.nz/patrons/\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:4999
msgid ""
-"Figure.NZ also has patrons.4 Patrons donate to topic areas they care about, "
-"directly enabling Figure.NZ to get data together to flesh out those areas. "
-"Patrons do not direct what data is included or excluded."
+"Figure.NZ also has patrons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Patrons "
+"donate to topic areas they care about, directly enabling Figure.NZ to get "
+"data together to flesh out those areas. Patrons do not direct what data is "
+"included or excluded."
msgstr ""
+"Figure.NZ también tiene patrocinadores.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/> Los patrocinadores donan a las áreas temáticas de las que se "
+"preocupan, lo que permite directamente a Figure.NZ para obtener datos juntos "
+"para desarrollar esas áreas. Los patrocinadores no dirigen qué datos están "
+"incluidos o excluidos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3930
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5005
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ also accepts philanthropic donations, which are used to provide "
"more content, extend technology, and improve services, or are targeted to "
-"fund a specific effort or provide in-kind support. As a charity, donations "
+"fund a specific effort or provide in-kind support. As a charity, donations "
"are tax deductible."
msgstr ""
+"Figure.NZ también acepta donaciones filantrópicas, los cuales son usados "
+"para proporcionar más contenido, aumentar la tecnología, y mejorar "
+"servicios, o son destinados a financiar esfuerzos específicos o proporcionar "
+"apoyo en especie. Como una entidad caritativa, las donaciones son deducibles "
+"de impuestos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3940
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5011
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ has morphed and grown over time. With data aggregation, curation, "
"and visualizing services all in-house, Figure.NZ has developed a deep "
"efficient. Rather than in-house growth, they are growing and building "
"external relationships."
msgstr ""
+"Figure.NZ ha crecido y se ha transformado a través del tiempo. Con "
+"agregación de datos, curación, y servicios de visualización internos, Figure."
+"NZ ha desarrollado una amplia experiencia en tomar estilos de datos "
+"aleatorios, estarandizarlos, y hacerlos útiles. Lillian se dió cuenta de qué "
+"Figure.NZ podría fácilmente convertirse en el almacén de setenta personas "
+"creando datos. Pero para Lillian, crecer no siempre es bueno. En su opinión, "
+"entre más grande menos efectivo. Lillian establece restricciones "
+"artificiales al crecimiento, forzando a la organización a pensar diferente y "
+"ser más eficientes. En vez de crecer internamente, estan creciendo y "
+"construyendo relaciones externas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3949
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5023
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ’s website displays visuals and data associated with a wide range "
"of categories including crime, economy, education, employment, energy, "
"environment, health, information and communications technology, industry, "
"tourism, and many others. A search function helps users find tables and "
"graphs. Figure.NZ does not provide analysis or interpretation of the data or "
-"visuals. Their goal is to teach people how to think, not think for them. "
+"visuals. Their goal is to teach people how to think, not think for them. "
"Figure.NZ wants to create intuitive experiences, not user manuals."
msgstr ""
+"El sitio web de Figure.NZ exhibe visuales y datos asociados con un amplio "
+"rango de categorias incluyendo crimen, economía, empleo, energía, medio "
+"ambiente, salud, información y tecnologías de la comunicación, industria, "
+"turismo, y muchos otros. La función de búsqueda ayuda a los usuarios a "
+"encontrar tablas y gráficos. Figure.NZ no proporciona análisis o "
+"interpretación de los datos o los visuales. Su objetivo es enseñar a las "
+"personas la manera de pensar, no a pensar por ellas. Figure.NZ quiere crear "
+"experiencias intuitivas, no manuales de usuarios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3961
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5033
msgid ""
"Figure.NZ believes data and visuals should be useful. They provide their "
"customers with a data collection template and teach them why it’s important "
"NZ’s site. Overall, Figure.NZ is seeking to provide a place for people to be "
"curious about, access, and interpret data on topics they are interested in."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3969
+"Figure.NZ piensa que los datos y los visuales deberían ser útiles. "
+"Proporcionan a sus clientes con un modelo de colección de datos y les "
+"instruyen de su importancia y cómo usarlo. Han comenzado a poner más enfasis "
+"en rastrear que tipo de usuarios de su sitio web quieren. También les llegan "
+"solicitudes de los medios sociales y a través de correos electrónicos para "
+"compartir datos para un tópico específico—por ejemplo, podrían compartir "
+"datos de la calidad del agua ? Si ellos tienen los datos, responder "
+"rápidamente; si no lo hacen, ellos intentan e identifican a las "
+"organizaciones que podrían tener los datos y forjan relaciones de tal manera "
+"que puedan ser incluidos en el sitio de Figure.NZ. En general, Figure.NZ "
+"esta buscando proporcionar un lugar para la gente que se interesa en , "
+"accede, e interpreta los datos de los tópicos en los que están interesados."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5047
msgid ""
"Lillian has a deep and profound vision for Figure.NZ that goes well beyond "
"simply providing open-data services. She says things are different now. “We "
"leaders who essentially had access to the information and made decisions on "
"behalf of others, whether it was on behalf of a country or companies."
msgstr ""
+"Lillian tiene un intensa y profunda visión para Figure.NZ que se proyecta "
+"más allá de simplemente proporcionar servicios de datos abiertos. Comenta "
+"que las cosas son diferentes ahora.«Solíamos vivir en un mundo dónde era muy "
+"difícil compartir información ampliamente. Y en ese mundo, el mejor futuro "
+"fue creado al tener unos cuantos grandes líderes quienes esencialmente "
+"tenían acceso a la información y quienes tomaron decisiones en nombre de "
+"otros, ya fuera en nombre de un país o de empresas. »"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3973
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5056
msgid ""
"“But now we live in a world where it’s really easy to share information "
"widely and also to communicate widely. In the world we live in now, the best "
"future is the one where everyone can make well-informed decisions."
msgstr ""
+"«Pero ahora vivimoc en un mundo donde es muy fácil compartir información "
+"ampliamente y también comunicarse extensamente. En el mundo que vivimos "
+"ahora, el mejor futuro es aquel donde cualquiera puede tomar decisiones bien "
+"informadas.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3977
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5062
msgid ""
"“The use of numbers and data as a way of making well-informed decisions is "
"one of the areas where there is the biggest gaps. We don’t really use "
"numbers as a part of our thinking and part of our understanding yet."
msgstr ""
+"«El uso de npúmeros y datos como un medio de tomar decisiones bien "
+"informadas es una de las áreas donde existen las mayores brechas. Realmente "
+"no usamos números como parte de nuestro pensamiento y nuestro entendiemiento "
+"aún.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3987
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5068
msgid ""
-"“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
+"“Part of the reason is the way data is spread across hundreds of sites. In "
"addition, for the most part, deep thinking based on data is constrained to "
-"experts because most people don’t have data literacy. There once was a time "
+"experts because most people don’t have data literacy. There once was a time "
"when many citizens in society couldn’t read or write. However, as a society, "
"we’ve now come to believe that reading and writing skills should be "
"something all citizens have. We haven’t yet adopted a similar belief around "
"numbers and data literacy. We largely still believe that only a few "
"specially trained people can analyze and think with numbers."
msgstr ""
+"«Parte de la razón es que la información esta desperdigada a través de "
+"cientos de sitios. Adicionalmente, la mayor parte, el pensamiento profundo "
+"basado en datos está constreñido a los expertos porque la mayoría de las "
+"personas no tiene conocimientos en datos. Hubo un tiempo cuando muchos "
+"ciudadanos en la sociedad no podían leer o escribir. Sin embargo, como "
+"sociedad, hemos llegado a pensar que las habilidades para leer y escribir "
+"deberían ser algo que todos los ciudadanos tengan. No hemos adoptado todavía "
+"un pensamiento similar acerca de los números y el conocimiento de los datos. "
+"Todavía creemos que solo unos pocos con entrenamiento especializado puede "
+"analizar y pensar con números.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:3993
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5079
msgid ""
"“Figure.NZ may be the first organization to assert that everyone can use "
"numbers in their thinking, and it’s built a technological platform along "
"with trust and a network of relationships to make that possible. What you "
"can see on Figure.NZ are tens of thousands of graphs, maps, and data."
msgstr ""
+"«Figure.Nz podría ser la primer organización en asegurar que cualquiera "
+"puede usar números en su pensamiento, y ha construido una plataforma "
+"tecnológica junto con confianza y una red de relaciones para hacerlo "
+"posible. Lo que puedes observar en Figure.NZ son decenas de miles de "
+"gráficos, mapas y datos.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4001
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5086
msgid ""
"“Figure.NZ sees this as a new kind of alphabet that can help people analyze "
"what they see around them. A way to be thoughtful and informed about "
"society. A means of engaging in conversation and shaping decision making "
-"that transcends personal experience. The long-term value and impact is "
+"that transcends personal experience. The long-term value and impact is "
"almost impossible to measure, but the goal is to help citizens gain "
"understanding and work together in more informed ways to shape the future.”"
msgstr ""
+"«Figure.NZ percibe esto como un nuevo tipo de alfabeto que puede ayudar a "
+"las personas para analizar lo que observan alrededor de ellas. Un medio para "
+"ser consciente e informado acerca de la sociedad. Son medios de involucrarse "
+"en conversaciones y moldear las tomas de decisiones que trasciendan la "
+"experiencia personal. El impacto y el valor a largo plazon son casi "
+"imposibles de medir, pero el objetivo es ayudar a los ciudadanos a ganar "
+"entendimiento y trabajar juntos en formas más informadas para modelar el "
+"futuro.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4008
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5095
msgid ""
"Lillian sees Figure.NZ’s model as having global potential. But for now, "
"their focus is completely on making Figure.NZ work in New Zealand and to get "
"for others through use of their service. Creative Commons is core to making "
"the network effect possible."
msgstr ""
+"Lillian piensa que el modelo de Figure.NZ tiene potencial global. Pero por "
+"ahora, su enfoque esta completamente abocado en lograr que Figure.NZ "
+"funcione en Nueva Zelanda y en conseguir el «efecto red»—usuarios "
+"incrementando dramáticamente el valor para ellos mismos y para otros a "
+"través del uso de sus servicios. Creative Commons es fundamental para hacer "
+"que el efecto red sea posible."
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015
-msgid ""
-"www.nzdatafutures.org.nz/sites/default/files/NZDFF\\_harness-the-power.pdf"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015
-msgid ""
-"www.ict.govt.nz/guidance-and-resources/open-government/new-zealand-"
-"government-open-access-and-licensing-nzgoal-framework/"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015
-msgid "figure.nz/business/"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4015
-msgid "figure.nz/patrons/"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4017
-msgid "## Knowledge Unlatched"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5104
+msgid "Knowledge Unlatched"
+msgstr "Knowledge Unlatched"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4021
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5107
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is a not-for-profit community interest company that "
-"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. "
+"brings libraries together to pool funds to publish open-access books. "
"Founded in 2012 in the UK."
msgstr ""
+"Knowledge Unlatched es una empresa de interés comunitario sin ánimo de lucro "
+"que reune a las bibliotecas para reunir fondos para publicar libros de "
+"acceso abierto. Fundada en 2012 en el Reino Unido."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4023
-msgid "knowledgeunlatched.org"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5112
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://knowledgeunlatched.org\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4025
-msgid "Revenue model: crowdfunding (specialized)"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5114
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Revenue model: crowdfunding (specialized)"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
+"(specialized)"
+msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: financiamiento comunitario (especializado)"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4027
-msgid "Interview date: February 26, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5117
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: February 26, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 26, 2016"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 26 de febrero, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4029
-msgid "Interviewee: Frances Pinter, founder"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5120
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: Frances Pinter, founder"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Frances Pinter, founder"
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Frances Pinter, fundador"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4045
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5128
msgid ""
"The serial entrepreneur Dr. Frances Pinter has been at the forefront of "
"innovation in the publishing industry for nearly forty years. She founded "
"humanities and social sciences. Knowledge Unlatched is committed to changing "
"this and has been working with libraries to create a sustainable alternative "
"model for publishing scholarly books, sharing the cost of making monographs "
-"(released under a Creative Commons license) and savings costs over the long "
+"(released under a Creative Commons license) and savings costs over the long "
"term. Since its launch, Knowledge Unlatched has received several awards, "
"including the IFLA/Brill Open Access award in 2014 and a Curtin University "
"Commercial Innovation Award for Innovation in Education in 2015."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4050
-msgid ""
-"Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten "
+"La emprendedora serial Dr. Frances Pinter ha estado en el frente de la "
+"inovación en la industria de la publicación por cerca de cuarenta años. Ella "
+"fundó Knowledge Unlatched con base en Reino Unido con la misión de habilitar "
+"el acceso abierto a libros especializados. Para Frances, el actuál sistema "
+"de publicación de libros especializados no esta trabajando para nadie, y "
+"especialmente no para los monografos especializados en las humanidades y las "
+"ciencias sociales. Knowledge Unlatched está comprometido con cambiar esto y "
+"ha estado trabajando con las bibliotecas para crear un modelo sostenible "
+"alternativo para publicar libros especializados, compartiendo el costo de "
+"hacer monografías (liberadas bajo licencias Creative Commons) y ahorrar "
+"costos en el largo plazo. Desde su lanzamiento, Knowledge Unlatched ha "
+"recibido algunos reconocimientos, incluyendo el reconocimiento IFLA/Brill "
+"Open Access en 2014 y el reconocimiento Curtin University Commercial "
+"Innovation Award de la Universidad de Curtin por inovación en educación en "
+"2015."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5144
+msgid ""
+"Dr. Pinter has been in academic publishing most of her career. About ten "
"years ago, she became acquainted with the Creative Commons founder Lawrence "
"Lessig and got interested in Creative Commons as a tool for both protecting "
"content online and distributing it free to users."
msgstr ""
+"La Dra Pinter ha estado en la publicación académica durante la mayor parte "
+"de su carrera. Hace cerca de diez años, se volvió conocida del fundador de "
+"Creative Commons Lawrence Lessig y se interesó en Creative Commons como una "
+"herramienta para proteger el contenido enlinea y distribuirlo libremente "
+"entre los usuarios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4055
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5151
msgid ""
"Not long after, she ran a project in Africa convincing publishers in Uganda "
"and South Africa to put some of their content online for free using a "
"Creative Commons license and to see what happened to print sales. Sales went "
"up, not down."
msgstr ""
+"No mucho despues, ella inició un proyecto en África convenciendo a editores "
+"en Uganda y Sudáfrica de poner parte de su contenido enlinea gratuitamente "
+"usando licencias Creative Commons y ver qué ocurría con las ventas de "
+"impresos. La ventas subieron, no bajaron."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4069
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5157
msgid ""
"In 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, a new imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing in the "
"United Kingdom, appointed her its founding publisher in London. As part of "
"NoDerivs). This was seen as risky, as the biggest cost for publishers is "
"getting a book to the stage where it can be printed. If everyone read the "
"online book for free, there would be no print-book sales at all, and the "
-"costs associated with getting the book to print would be lost. Surprisingly, "
-"Bloomsbury found that sales of the print versions of these books were 10 to "
-"20 percent higher than normal. Frances found it intriguing that the "
-"Creative Commons–licensed free online book acts as a marketing vehicle for "
-"the print format."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4076
+"costs associated with getting the book to print would be lost. "
+"Surprisingly, Bloomsbury found that sales of the print versions of these "
+"books were 10 to 20 percent higher than normal. Frances found it intriguing "
+"that the Creative Commons–licensed free online book acts as a marketing "
+"vehicle for the print format."
+msgstr ""
+"En 2008, Bloomsbury Academic, una nueva línea editorial de Bloomsbury "
+"Publishing en el Reino Unido, la nombró su editor fundador en Londres. Como "
+"parte del lanzamiento, Frances convenció a Bloomsbury de diferenciarse al "
+"poner monografías enlinea gratuitas bajo licencias Creative Commons (BY-NC o "
+"BY-NC-ND, i.e., Attribution-NonCommercial o Attributtion-NonCommercial-"
+"NoDerivs). Esto se vió como un riesgo, cuando el mayor costo para los "
+"editores es obtener un libro en el estado donde pudiera ser imprimido. Si "
+"todos leyeran el libro enlinea sin costo, no habría ninguna venta por los "
+"libros impresos, y los costos asociados con llevar al libro a impresión se "
+"perderian. Sorpresivamente, Bloomsbury encontró que las ventas de las "
+"versiones impresas de esos libros fueron de 10 a 20 porciento más altas de "
+"lo normal. Frances encontró intrigante que los libros enlinea gratuitos "
+"licenciados bajo Creative Commons actuaran como un vehículo de mercadotecnia "
+"para el formato impreso."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5174
msgid ""
"Frances began to look at customer interest in the three forms of the book: "
-"1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the "
+"1) the Creative Commons–licensed free online book in PDF form, 2) the "
"printed book, and 3) a digital version of the book on an aggregator platform "
"with enhanced features. She thought of this as the “ice cream model”: the "
"free PDF was vanilla ice cream, the printed book was an ice cream cone, and "
"the enhanced e-book was an ice cream sundae."
msgstr ""
+"Frances comenzó a observa el interes de los clientes en los tres formatos de "
+"los libros: 1) El libro gratuito enlinea con licencia Creative Commons en "
+"formato PDF, 2) el libro impreso, y 3) una versión digital del libro en una "
+"plataforma de agragación con características mejoradas. Ellos concibió esto "
+"como el \"ice cream model\": el PDF gratuito era el helado de vainilla, el "
+"libro impreso era el cono de helado, y el e-book mejorado era la cobertura "
+"del helado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4083
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5183
msgid ""
"After a while, Frances had an epiphany—what if there was a way to get "
"libraries to underwrite the costs of making these books up until they’re "
"book, or do a whole bunch of interesting things with the printed book and e-"
"book—the ice cream cone or sundae part of the model."
msgstr ""
+"Después de un tiempo, Frances tuvo una epifanía—que tal si existe una manera "
+"de conseguir que las biblioteca avalaran los costos de hacer estos libros "
+"hasta que estén listos para imprimirse, en otras palabras, cubrir el costo "
+"fijo de tener la primera copia digital? Entonces podría bajar los costos del "
+"libro impreso, o hacer un monton de cosas interesantes con el libro impreso "
+"y el libro electrónico—el cono de helado o la parte de la cobertura del "
+"modelo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4090
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5192
msgid ""
"This idea is similar to the article-processing charge some open-access "
-"journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to "
+"journals charge researchers to cover publishing costs. Frances began to "
"imagine a coalition of libraries paying for the prepress costs—a “book-"
"processing charge”—and providing everyone in the world with an open-access "
"version of the books released under a Creative Commons license."
msgstr ""
+"Esta idea es similar al cobro de procesamiento de artículo que algunas "
+"revistas especializadas de acceso abierto cobran a los investigadores para "
+"cubrir los costos de publicación. Frances comenzó a imaginar una coalición "
+"de bibliotecas pagando por los costos de preimpresión—un «cargo por "
+"procesamiento de libro»—y proporcionar a cualquiera en el mundo con una "
+"versión de acceso abierto del libro liberado bajo una licencia Creative "
+"Commons."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4099
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5200
msgid ""
"This idea really took hold in her mind. She didn’t really have a name for it "
"but began talking about it and making presentations to see if there was "
"launch a community interest company (a UK term for not-for-profit social "
"enterprises) in 2012."
msgstr ""
+"Esa idea quedó fija en su mente. No tenía realmente un nombre para ello pero "
+"comenzó a hablar acerca de eso y hacer presentaciones para ver si existía "
+"interés. Entre más hablaba acerca del tema, más personas estaban de acuerdo "
+"que tenía atractivo. Ofreció una botella de champaña a cualquiera que "
+"pudiera llegar con un buen nombre para la idea. Su esposo llegó con "
+"Knowledge Unlatched, y después de dos años de generar interés, decidió "
+"seguir adelante y lanzar una compañía de interés comunitario (un termino del "
+"RU para las empresas sociales sin ánimo de lucro) en 2012."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4102
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5211
msgid ""
"She describes the business model in a paper called Knowledge Unlatched: "
"Toward an Open and Networked Future for Academic Publishing:"
msgstr ""
+"Ella describe el modelo de negocios en un paper llamado Knowledge Unlatched: "
+"Toward an Open and Networked Future for Acedemic Publishing:"
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5218
msgid ""
"Publishers offer titles for sale reflecting origination costs only via "
"Knowledge Unlatched."
msgstr ""
+"Las editoriales ofrecen títulos para su venta que reflejan los costos de "
+"generación sólo a través de Knowledge Unlatched."
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5224
msgid ""
"Individual libraries select titles either as individual titles or as "
"collections (as they do from library suppliers now)."
msgstr ""
+"Cada biblioteca selecciona títulos tanto títulos individuales como "
+"colecciones (como lo hacen con los proveedores de bibliotecas ahora)."
-#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5230
msgid ""
"Their selections are sent to Knowledge Unlatched specifying the titles to be "
"purchased at the stated price(s)."
msgstr ""
+"Sus selecciones son enviadas a Knowledge Unlatched especificando los títulos "
+"que serán comprados y los precios establecidos."
-#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5236
msgid ""
"The price, called a Title Fee (set by publishers and negotiated by Knowledge "
"Unlatched), is paid to publishers to cover the fixed costs of publishing "
"each of the titles that were selected by a minimum number of libraries to "
"cover the Title Fee."
msgstr ""
+"El precio, llamado Cuota por Título ( fijado por la editorial y negociado "
+"por Knowledge Unlatched), es pagado a la editorial para cubrir los costos "
+"establecidos de publicar cada título que fue seleccionado por un número \n"
+"mínimo de bibliotecas para cubrir la Cuota por Título."
-#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5245
msgid ""
"Publishers make the selected titles available Open Access (on a Creative "
"Commons or similar open license) and are then paid the Title Fee which is "
"the total collected from the libraries."
msgstr ""
+"Las editoriales hacen a los títulos seleccionados disponibles como Open "
+"Access (con una licencia Creative Commons o una licencia abierta similar) y "
+"entonces se les paga la Cuota por Título que es el total recolectado de las "
+"bibliotecas."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5255
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward_an_Open.pdf\"/>"
-#. type: Bullet: '6. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4120
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><orderedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5252
msgid ""
"Publishers make print copies, e-Pub, and other digital versions of selected "
"titles available to member libraries at a discount that reflects their "
-"contribution to the Title Fee and incentivizes membership.1"
+"contribution to the Title Fee and incentivizes membership.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"Las editoriales hacen copias impresas, libros electrónicos, y otras "
+"versiones digitales de títulos seleccionados disponibles para las "
+"bibliotecas miembros con un descuento que refleje su contribución a la Cuota "
+"por Título e incentivan las membresías.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4128
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5260
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight "
+#| "current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being "
+#| "unlatched. The target was to have two hundred libraries participate. The "
+#| "cost of the package per library was capped at \\$1,680, which was an "
+#| "average price of sixty dollars per book, but in the end they had nearly "
+#| "three hundred libraries sharing the costs, and the price per book came in "
+#| "at just under forty-three dollars."
msgid ""
"The first round of this model resulted in a collection of twenty-eight "
"current titles from thirteen recognized scholarly publishers being "
"unlatched. The target was to have two hundred libraries participate. The "
-"cost of the package per library was capped at \\$1,680, which was an average "
+"cost of the package per library was capped at $1,680, which was an average "
"price of sixty dollars per book, but in the end they had nearly three "
"hundred libraries sharing the costs, and the price per book came in at just "
"under forty-three dollars."
msgstr ""
+"La primera ronda de este modelo resultó en una colección de veintiocho "
+"títulos actuales de trece editoriales especializadas reconocidas siendo "
+"debloqueadas. El objetivo era tener doscientas bibliotecas participando. El "
+"costo del paquete por biblioteca estaba limitado a \\$1,680, el cuál era un "
+"precio promedio de sesenta dolares por libro, pero al final tuvieron cerca "
+"de trescientas bibliotecas compartiendo los costos, y el precio por libro "
+"bajo hasta cuarenta y tres dolares."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4137
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5271
msgid ""
-"The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are "
-"still available online.4 Most books have been licensed with CC BY-NC or CC "
-"BY-NC-ND. Authors are the copyright holder, not the publisher, and negotiate "
-"choice of license as part of the publishing agreement. Frances has found "
-"that most authors want to retain control over the commercial and remix use "
-"of their work. Publishers list the book in their catalogs, and the "
-"noncommercial restriction in the Creative Commons license ensures authors "
-"continue to get royalties on sales of physical copies."
+"<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-"
+"availability-1/\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-"
+"availability-1/\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4147
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5270
+msgid ""
+"The open-access, Creative Commons versions of these twenty-eight books are "
+"still available online.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Most books "
+"have been licensed with CC BY-NC or CC BY-NC-ND. Authors are the copyright "
+"holder, not the publisher, and negotiate choice of license as part of the "
+"publishing agreement. Frances has found that most authors want to retain "
+"control over the commercial and remix use of their work. Publishers list the "
+"book in their catalogs, and the noncommercial restriction in the Creative "
+"Commons license ensures authors continue to get royalties on sales of "
+"physical copies."
+msgstr ""
+"Las versiones Creative Commons con acceso abierto de estos veintiocho libros "
+"todavía estan disponibles enlinea.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> "
+"La mayoría de los libros has sido licenciados con CC BY-NC o CC BY-NC.ND. "
+"Los autores son los poseedores de los derechos de autor, no la editorial, y "
+"negocian la opción de licencia como parte del acuerdo editorial. Frances "
+"encontró que la mayoría de los autores quieren retener el control sobre el "
+"uso comercial y de reuso de su trabajo. Las editoriales incluyen los libros "
+"en sus catálogos, y la restricción no-comercial en las licencias Creative "
+"Commons asegura a los autores el continuar obteniendo regalías en la ventas "
+"de las copias físicas."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5281
msgid ""
"There are three cost variables to consider for each round: the overall cost "
"incurred by the publishers, total cost for each library to acquire all the "
"books, and the individual price per book. The fee publishers charge for each "
"title is a fixed charge, and Knowledge Unlatched calculates the total amount "
-"for all the books being unlatched at a time. The cost of an order for each "
+"for all the books being unlatched at a time. The cost of an order for each "
"library is capped at a maximum based on a minimum number of libraries "
"participating. If the number of participating libraries exceeds the minimum, "
"then the cost of the order and the price per book go down for each library."
msgstr ""
+"Existen tres variables de costo a considerar para cada ronda: el costo total "
+"en que incurren las editoriales, el costo total de cada biblioteca para "
+"adquirir todos los libros, y el precio individual por libro. Las cuotas que "
+"cada editorial cobra por cada título es un cargo fijo, y Knowledge Unlatched "
+"calcula la cantidad total para todos los libros que son desbloqueados en el "
+"momento. El cosoto de una orden para cada biblioteca está limitado por un "
+"máximo basado en un número mínimo de bibliotecas participantes. Si el "
+"número de bibliotecas participantes excede el mínimo, entonces el costo de "
+"la orden y el precio por libro baja para cada biblioteca."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4160
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5293
msgid ""
"The second round, recently completed, unlatched seventy-eight books from "
"twenty-six publishers. For this round, Frances was experimenting with the "
"size and shape of the offerings. Books were being bundled into eight small "
"packages separated by subject (including Anthropology, History, Literature, "
-"Media and Communications, and Politics), of around ten books per package. "
+"Media and Communications, and Politics), of around ten books per package. "
"Three hundred libraries around the world have to commit to at least six of "
"the eight packages to enable unlatching. The average cost per book was just "
"under fifty dollars. The unlatching process took roughly ten months. It "
"task force select the titles, getting authors’ permissions, getting the "
"libraries to pledge, billing the libraries, and finally, unlatching."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4165
+"La segunda ronda, completada recientemente, desbloqueó setenta y ocho libros "
+"de veintiseis editoriales. Para esta ronda, Frances estaba experimentando "
+"con el tamaño y la forma de las ofertas. Los libros estaban siendo empacados "
+"en ocho pequeños paquetes separados por temas (incluyendo Antropología, "
+"Historia, Literatura, Medios y Comunicaciones, y Política), de cerca de diez "
+"libros por paquete. Trescientas bibliotecas alrededor del mundo tienen que "
+"comprometerse con al menos seis de los ocho paquetes para permitir el "
+"desbloqueo. El costo promedio por libro estuvo debajo de los cincuenta "
+"dolares. El proceso de desbloqueo tomó apenas diez meses. Comenzó con "
+"llamadas a las editoriales por títulos, seguido de tener una fuerza de "
+"trabajo seleccionando los títulos, obtener los permisos de los autores, "
+"obtener el compromiso de las bibliotecas, cobrar a las bibliotecas, y "
+"finalmente, desbloquearlos."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5308
msgid ""
"The longest part of the whole process is getting libraries to pledge and "
"commit funds. It takes about five months, as library buy-in has to fit "
"within acquisition cycles, budget cycles, and library-committee meetings."
msgstr ""
+"La parte más larga de todo el proceso es obtener el compromiso de las "
+"bibliotecas y obtener fondos. Toma cerca de cinco meses, ya que la compras "
+"de las bibliotecas tienen que emparejarse con los ciclos de adquisición, "
+"ciclos de presupuestos, y las juntas del directorio de las bibliotecas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4173
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5314
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched informs and recruits libraries through social media, "
"mailing lists, listservs, and library associations. Of the three hundred "
"individual libraries but also library consortia, which has been getting even "
"more libraries involved."
msgstr ""
+"Knowledge Unlatched informa y recluta bibliotecas a través de los medios "
+"sociales, listas de correo, listservs, y asociaciones de bibliotecas. De las "
+"trescientas bibliotecas que participaron en la primera ronda, 80 porciento "
+"también esta participando en la segunda ronda, y hay adicionalmente ochenta "
+"nuevas bibliotecas tomando parte. Knowledge Unlatched está trabajando "
+"también no solo con bibliotecas individuales sino también con consorcios "
+"bibliotecarios, que ha involucrado a más bibliotecas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4177
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5324
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched is scaling up, offering 150 new titles in the second "
"half of 2016. It will also offer backlist titles, and in 2017 will start to "
"make journals open access too."
msgstr ""
+"Knowledge Unlatched está creciendo, ofreciendo 150 nuevos títulos en la "
+"segunda mitad del 2016. También ofrecera títulos rezagados, y en 2017 "
+"comenzará a hacer revistas especializadas de acceso libre también."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4181
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5329
msgid ""
"Knowledge Unlatched deliberately chose monographs as the initial type of "
"book to unlatch. Monographs are foundational and important, but also "
"problematic to keep going in the standard closed publishing model."
msgstr ""
+"Knowledge Unlatched deliberadamente escogió las monografías como el tipo de "
+"libro inicial para desbloquear. Las monografías son importantes y "
+"fundamentales, pero también problemáticas de mantener en el modelo editorial "
+"estandar cerrado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4189
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5335
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph "
+#| "is \\$5,000 to \\$50,000. A good one costs in the \\$10,000 to \\$15,000 "
+#| "range. Monographs typically don’t sell a lot of copies. A publisher who "
+#| "in the past sold three thousand copies now typically sells only three "
+#| "hundred. That makes unlatching monographs a low risk for publishers. For "
+#| "the first round, it took five months to get thirteen publishers. For the "
+#| "second round, it took one month to get twenty-six."
msgid ""
"The cost for the publisher to get to a first digital copy of a monograph is "
-"\\$5,000 to \\$50,000. A good one costs in the \\$10,000 to \\$15,000 range. "
+"$5,000 to $50,000. A good one costs in the $10,000 to $15,000 range. "
"Monographs typically don’t sell a lot of copies. A publisher who in the past "
"sold three thousand copies now typically sells only three hundred. That "
"makes unlatching monographs a low risk for publishers. For the first round, "
"it took five months to get thirteen publishers. For the second round, it "
"took one month to get twenty-six."
msgstr ""
+"El costo para la editorial de tener una primera copia digita de una "
+"monografía es de \\$5,000 a \\$50,000. Una buena tiene un costo en el rango "
+"de los \\$10,000 a los \\$15,000. Las monografías típicamente no venden "
+"muchas copias. Una editorial que en el pasado vendió tres mil copias ahora "
+"típicamente vende solo trescientas. Eso hace que el desbloqueo de "
+"monografías tenga un bajo riesgo para las editoriales. Para la primera "
+"ronda, tomó cinco meses reunir trece editoriales. Para la segunda ronda, "
+"tomó únicamente un mes reunir veintiseis."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4198
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5352
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5345
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. "
+#| "Royalties range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The "
+#| "value to the author is the awareness it brings to them; when their book "
+#| "is being read, it increases their reputation. Open access through "
+#| "unlatching generates many more downloads and therefore awareness. (On the "
+#| "Knowledge Unlatched website, you can find interviews with the twenty-"
+#| "eight round-one authors describing their experience and the benefits of "
+#| "taking part.)5"
msgid ""
"Authors don’t generally make a lot of royalties from monographs. Royalties "
-"range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the "
+"range from zero dollars to 5 to 10 percent of receipts. The value to the "
"author is the awareness it brings to them; when their book is being read, it "
"increases their reputation. Open access through unlatching generates many "
"more downloads and therefore awareness. (On the Knowledge Unlatched website, "
"you can find interviews with the twenty-eight round-one authors describing "
-"their experience and the benefits of taking part.)5"
+"their experience and the benefits of taking part.)<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"Los autores generalmente no obtienen mucho en regalías de las monografías. "
+"Las regalías van de cero dolares a 5 y hasta 10 porciento de lo recibido. El "
+"valor para el autor es la exposición que les trae; cuando su libro es leido, "
+"incrementa su reputación. El acceso abierto a través del desbloqueo genera "
+"muchas más descargas y por lo tanto su percepción. (En el sitio web de "
+"Knowledge Unlatched, puede encontrar entrevistas con los veintiocho autores "
+"de la primera ronda describiendo su experiencia y los beneficios de tomar "
+"parte de ello.)5"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4207
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5355
msgid ""
"Library budgets are constantly being squeezed, partly due to the inflation "
"of journal subscriptions. But even without budget constraints, academic "
"into their digital repository. Only secondarily do they consider getting a "
"print book, and if they do, they buy it separately from the digital version."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4214
-msgid ""
-"Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many "
-"of the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph "
-"anyway, but instead of paying \\$95 for a print copy or \\$150 for a digital "
-"multiple-use copy, they pay \\$50 to unlatch. It costs them less, and it "
-"opens the book to not just the participating libraries, but to the world."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4224
+"Los presupuestos de las bibliotecas son constantemente exprimidos, en parte "
+"por la inflación de las subscripciones a las revistas especializadas. Pero "
+"incluso sin restricciones en el presupuesto, las bibliotecas académicas se "
+"están alejando de las compras de copias físicas. Un entrada al catálogo de "
+"una biblioteca académica es típicamente una URL hacia donde este publicado "
+"el libro. O si ellos tienen el suficiente espacio de almacenamiento "
+"electrónico, ello pueden descarga el archivo digital en su depósito digital. "
+"Únicamente de manera secundaria consideran obtener un libro impreso, y si lo "
+"hacen, lo compran de manera separada de la versión digital."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5366
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. "
+#| "Many of the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the "
+#| "monograph anyway, but instead of paying \\$95 for a print copy or \\$150 "
+#| "for a digital multiple-use copy, they pay \\$50 to unlatch. It costs them "
+#| "less, and it opens the book to not just the participating libraries, but "
+#| "to the world."
+msgid ""
+"Knowledge Unlatched offers libraries a compelling economic argument. Many of "
+"the participating libraries would have bought a copy of the monograph "
+"anyway, but instead of paying $95 for a print copy or $150 for a digital "
+"multiple-use copy, they pay $50 to unlatch. It costs them less, and it opens "
+"the book to not just the participating libraries, but to the world."
+msgstr ""
+"Knowledge Unlatched da un argumento económico convincente a las bibliotecas. "
+"Muchas de las bibliotecas participantes habrían comprado una copia de la "
+"monografía de todas maneras, pero en vez de pagar \\$95 por una copia "
+"impresa o \\$150 por una copia digital multi-uso, pagan \\$50 por "
+"desbloquearla. Les cuesta menos, y abre el libro no únicamente a las "
+"bibliotecas participantes, sino al mundo."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5374
msgid ""
"Not only do the economics make sense, but there is very strong alignment "
"with library mandates. The participating libraries pay less than they would "
"the end of March 2016, the round-one books had been downloaded nearly eighty "
"thousand times in 175 countries."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4227
+"No solamente tiene sentido en lo económico, pero hay un fuerte alineamiento "
+"con los mandatos de las biblilotecas. Las bibliotecas participantes pagan "
+"menos de lo que hubieran tenido que hacer en el modelo cerrado, y los libros "
+"abiertos estan disponibles para todas las bibliotecas. Mientras esto "
+"significa que las bibliotecas que no participaron podrían ser vistas como "
+"aprovechadas, en el mundo bibliotecario, las bibliotecas adineradas están "
+"acostumbradas a pagar más que las biblioteecas de escasos recursos y aceptan "
+"que parte de su dinero debería ser gastado para apoyar el acceso abierto. "
+"«Aprovecharse gratuitamente» es más como una responsabilidad comunitaria. "
+"Para finales de Marzo de 2016, los libros de la primera ronda han sido "
+"descargados cerca de ochenta mil veces en 175 países."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5386
msgid ""
"For publishers, authors, and librarians, the Knowledge Unlatched model for "
"monographs is a win-win-win."
msgstr ""
+"Para las editoriales, autores, y bibliotecarios, el modelo de Knowledge "
+"Unlatched para monografías es un ganar-ganar-ganar."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4236
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5390
msgid ""
"In the first round, Knowledge Unlatched’s overheads were covered by grants. "
"In the second round, they aim to demonstrate the model is sustainable. "
"Libraries and publishers will each pay a 7.5 percent service charge that "
-"will go toward Knowledge Unlatched’s running costs. With plans to scale up "
+"will go toward Knowledge Unlatched’s running costs. With plans to scale up "
"in future rounds, Frances figures they can fully recover costs when they are "
-"unlatching two hundred books at a time. Moving forward, Knowledge Unlatched "
+"unlatching two hundred books at a time. Moving forward, Knowledge Unlatched "
"is making investments in technology and processes. Future plans include "
"unlatching journals and older books."
msgstr ""
+"En la primera ronda, los gastos generales de Knowledge Unlathced fueron "
+"cubiertos por subsidios. En la segunda ronda, ellos intentan demostrar que "
+"el modelo es sostenible. Las bibliotecas y las editoriales pagarán cada una "
+"un 7.5 porciento de cargo por servicio que irá directo a los costos "
+"corrientes de Knowledge Unlatched. Con planes de expansión en futuras "
+"rondas, Frances se imagina que puden recuperar los costos completamente "
+"cuando esten desbloqueando doscientos libros al mismo tiempo. Para el "
+"futuro, Knowledge Unlatched está haciendo inversiones en tecnología y "
+"procesos. Los planes a futuro incluyen desbloquear revistas especializadas "
+"y libros antiguos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4245
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5401
msgid ""
"Frances believes that Knowledge Unlatched is tapping into new ways of "
"valuing academic content. It’s about considering how many people can find, "
"access, and use your content without pay barriers. Knowledge Unlatched taps "
"into the new possibilities and behaviors of the digital world. In the "
"Knowledge Unlatched model, the content-creation process is exactly the same "
-"as it always has been, but the economics are different. For Frances, "
+"as it always has been, but the economics are different. For Frances, "
"Knowledge Unlatched is connected to the past but moving into the future, an "
"evolution rather than a revolution."
msgstr ""
+"Frances cree que Knowledge Unlatched está adentrandose en nuevos medios de "
+"valorar el contenido académico. Es acerca de considerar cuanta gente puede "
+"encontrar, acceder, y usar el contenido sin las barrreras del pago. "
+"Knowledge Unlatched se acerca a las nuevas posibilidades y comportamientos "
+"del mundo digital. En el modelo de Knowledge Unlatched, el proceso de "
+"creación de contenido es exactamente el mismo que siempre ha sido, pero en "
+"lo económico es diferente. Para Frances, Knowledge Unlatched está conectado "
+"al pasado pero moviendose al futuro, una evolución en vez de una revolución."
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
-msgid "www.pinter.org.uk/pdfs/Toward\\_an\\_Open.pdf"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
-msgid "www.oapen.org"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
-msgid "www.hathitrust.org"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
-msgid "collections.knowledgeunlatched.org/collection-availability-1/"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4253
-msgid "www.knowledgeunlatched.org/featured-authors-section/"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4255
-msgid "## Lumen Learning"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5413
+msgid "Lumen Learning"
+msgstr "Lumen Learning"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4258
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5416
msgid ""
"Lumen Learning is a for-profit company helping educational institutions use "
"open educational resources (OER). Founded in 2013 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
+"Lumen Learning es una compañía lucrativa que ayuda a las instituciones "
+"educativas a usar recursos educacionales abiertos (OER). Fundada en 2013 en "
+"los E.U.A."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4260
-msgid "lumenlearning.com"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5421
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4262
-msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, grant funding"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5423
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, grant funding"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
+"services, grant funding"
+msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: cargos por servicios personalizados, subsidios"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4264
-msgid "Interview date: December 21, 2015"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5426
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: December 21, 2015"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 21, 2015"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 21 de diciembre, 2015"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4266
-msgid "Interviewees: David Wiley and Kim Thanos, cofounders"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5429
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewees: David Wiley and Kim Thanos, cofounders"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: David Wiley and Kim "
+"Thanos, cofounders"
+msgstr "Entrevistado: David Wiley y Kim Thanos, cofundadores"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5443
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4288
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5437
msgid ""
"Cofounded by open education visionary Dr. David Wiley and education-"
"technology strategist Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning is dedicated to improving "
"student success, bringing new ideas to pedagogy, and making education more "
"affordable by facilitating adoption of open educational resources. In 2012, "
"David and Kim partnered on a grant-funded project called the Kaleidoscope "
-"Open Course Initiative.1 It involved a set of fully open general-education "
-"courses across eight colleges predominantly serving at-risk students, with "
-"goals to dramatically reduce textbook costs and collaborate to improve the "
-"courses to help students succeed. David and Kim exceeded those goals: the "
-"cost of the required textbooks, replaced with OER, decreased to zero "
-"dollars, and average student-success rates improved by 5 to 10 percent when "
-"compared with previous years. After a second round of funding, a total of "
-"more than twenty-five institutions participated in and benefited from this "
-"project. It was career changing for David and Kim to see the impact this "
-"initiative had on low-income students. David and Kim sought further funding "
-"from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, who asked them to define a plan "
-"to scale their work in a financially sustainable way. That is when they "
-"decided to create Lumen Learning."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4297
+"Open Course Initiative.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It involved "
+"a set of fully open general-education courses across eight colleges "
+"predominantly serving at-risk students, with goals to dramatically reduce "
+"textbook costs and collaborate to improve the courses to help students "
+"succeed. David and Kim exceeded those goals: the cost of the required "
+"textbooks, replaced with OER, decreased to zero dollars, and average student-"
+"success rates improved by 5 to 10 percent when compared with previous years. "
+"After a second round of funding, a total of more than twenty-five "
+"institutions participated in and benefited from this project. It was career "
+"changing for David and Kim to see the impact this initiative had on low-"
+"income students. David and Kim sought further funding from the Bill and "
+"Melinda Gates Foundation, who asked them to define a plan to scale their "
+"work in a financially sustainable way. That is when they decided to create "
+"Lumen Learning."
+msgstr ""
+"Cofundada por el visionario de la educación abierta Dr. David Wiley y el "
+"estratega de educación-tecnología Kim Thanos, Lumen Learning está dedicada a "
+"mejorar el exito de los estudiantes, aportando nuevas ideas a la pedagogía, "
+"y haciendo a la educación más asequible al facilitar la adopción de recursos "
+"educativos abiertos. En 2012, David y Kim se asociaron en un proyecto "
+"subsidiado llamado la Kaleidoscope Open Course Initiative.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Involucraba un conjunto de cursos de educación "
+"general totalmente abiertos por medio de ocho colegios que "
+"predominanatemente daban servicio a estudiantes en riesgo, con objetivos "
+"para reducir dramáticamente el costo de los libros de texto y colaborar para "
+"mejorar los cursos para ayudar a los estudiantes triunfar. David y Kim "
+"superaron esas metas: el costo de los libros de texto requeridos, "
+"remplazados con OER, decrementados hasta cero dolares, y el promedio de la "
+"tasa estudiante-exito mejoró por 5 a 10 porciento cuando se le comparaba por "
+"los años anteriores. Después de una segunda ronda de financiamiento, un "
+"total de más de veinticinco instituciones participaron y se beneficiaron de "
+"este proyecto. Para David y Kim esto cambió sus carreras al ver el impacto "
+"que esta iniciativa tuvo en los estudiantes de bajos ingresos. David y Kim "
+"más adelante buscaron financiamiento de la fundación Bill and Melinda Gates, "
+"quienes les pidieron que definieran un plan para expandir su trabajo en una "
+"manera financieramente sostenible. Es entonces cuando deciden crear Lumen "
+"Learning."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5460
msgid ""
"David and Kim went back and forth on whether it should be a nonprofit or "
"for- profit. A nonprofit would make it a more comfortable fit with the "
"education sector but meant they’d be constantly fund-raising and seeking "
-"grants from philanthropies. Also, grants usually require money to be used in "
-"certain ways for specific deliverables. If you learn things along the way "
+"grants from philanthropies. Also, grants usually require money to be used "
+"in certain ways for specific deliverables. If you learn things along the way "
"that change how you think the grant money should be used, there often isn’t "
"a lot of flexibility to do so."
msgstr ""
+"David y Kim le dieron vueltas al hecho de si debía ser sin lucro o con "
+"lucro. Una entidad sin lucro hubiera tenido un acomodo más comfortable con "
+"el sector educativo pero hubiera significado que continuamente hubieran "
+"tenido que recolectar financiamiento y buscado subsidios de la filantropía. "
+"Ademas, los subsidios usualmente requieren que el dinero sea usado en "
+"ciertos modos para metas específicas. Si entiendes cosas durante el camino "
+"que cambien la manera de concebir como el subsidio debería ser usado, "
+"usualmente no hay mucha flexibilidad para hacerlo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4305
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5470
msgid ""
"But as a for-profit, they’d have to convince educational institutions to pay "
"for what Lumen had to offer. On the positive side, they’d have more control "
"and shifting opportunities. In the end, they chose the for-profit status, "
"with its different model for and approach to sustainability."
msgstr ""
+"Pero como una entidad de lucro, tenían que convencer a las instituciones "
+"educativas de pagar por lo que Lumen ofrece. En el lado positivo, tendrían "
+"más control sobre qué hacer con las ganancias y el dinero invertido; podrían "
+"tomar decisiones para invertir los fondos o usarlos de manera diferente "
+"basados en la situación y las oportunidades cambiantes. Al final, eligieron "
+"el estaus de con-lucro, con su modelo diferente para y cercano de la "
+"sustentabilidad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4311
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5479
msgid ""
"Right from the start, David and Kim positioned Lumen Learning as a way to "
"help institutions engage in open educational resources, or OER. OER are "
"reside in the public domain or are released under an open license that "
"permits free use and repurposing by others."
msgstr ""
+"Desde un comienzo, David y Kim ubicaron a Lumen Learning como un medio de "
+"ayudar a las instituciones a involucrarse con los recursos educativos "
+"abiertos, o OER. Los OER son materiales de enseñanza, aprendizaje, e "
+"investigación, todos en medios diferentes, que residen en el dominio público "
+"o son liberados bajo alguna licencia abierta que permita el libre uso y "
+"reorientación por otros."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4323
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5487
msgid ""
"Originally, Lumen did custom contracts for each institution. This was "
"complicated and challenging to manage. However, through that process "
"offerings. Today they don’t customize as much as they used to, and instead "
"they tend to work with customers who can use their off-the-shelf options. "
"Lumen finds that institutions and faculty are generally very good at seeing "
-"the value Lumen brings and are willing to pay for it. Serving disadvantaged "
+"the value Lumen brings and are willing to pay for it. Serving disadvantaged "
"learner populations has led Lumen to be very pragmatic; they describe what "
"they offer in quantitative terms—with facts and figures—and in a way that is "
"very student-focused. Lumen Learning helps colleges and universities—"
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332
+"Al principio, Lumen hacía contratos personalizados paraa cada institución. "
+"Esto era complicado y difícil de manejar. Aunque, a través del proceso "
+"emergieron los patrones que les permitieron generalizar un conjunto de "
+"ofertas y acercamientos. En el presente ellos ya no personalizan tanto como "
+"solían hacerlo, en vez de eso tienden a trabajar con clientes que pueden "
+"usar las opciones disponibles. Lumen encontró que las instituciones y "
+"facultades son generalmente muy buenas para notar el valor que Lumen trae y "
+"estan dispuestas a pagar por ello. Al atender poblaciones estudiantiles "
+"desfavorecidas ha llevado a Lumen a ser muy pragmática; describen su oferta "
+"en terminos cuantitativos—con hechos y figuras—y de una forma que esta muy "
+"enfocada al estudiante. Lumen Learning ayuda a los colegios y universidades a"
+"—"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5503
msgid "replace expensive textbooks in high-enrollment courses with OER;"
msgstr ""
+"remplazar libros de texto costosos en cursos de gran matrícula con OER;"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5509
msgid ""
"provide enrolled students day one access to Lumen’s fully customizable OER "
"course materials through the institution’s learning-management system;"
msgstr ""
+"proporciona a los estudiantes registrados acceso desde el primer dia a los "
+"materiales del curso OER de Lumen totalmente personalizables a través del "
+"sistema de gestión de aprendizaje de la institución;"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5516
msgid ""
"measure improvements in student success with metrics like passing rates, "
"persistence, and course completion; and"
msgstr ""
+"medición de las mejoras en el éxito del estudiante con métricas como tasas "
+"de aprobación, persistencia, y finalización de curso; y"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4332
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5522
msgid ""
"collaborate with faculty to make ongoing improvements to OER based on "
"student success research."
msgstr ""
+"colabora con la facultad para realizar mejoras continuas a los OER basado en "
+"la investigación del éxito de los estudiantes."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4338
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5528
msgid ""
"Lumen has developed a suite of open, Creative Commons–licensed courseware in "
"more than sixty-five subjects. All courses are freely and publicly available "
"they provide attribution to Lumen Learning following the terms of the "
"Creative Commons license."
msgstr ""
+"Lumen ha desarrollado un paquete de material didáctico abierto, licenciado "
+"bajo Creative Commons en más de sesenta y cinco temas. Todos los cursos "
+"están disponibles libre y públicamente en su sitio web. Pueden ser copiados "
+"y usados por otros en tanto proporcionen los créditos a Lumen Learning "
+"siguiendo los terminos de las licencias Creative Commons."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4344
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5536
msgid ""
-"Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, "
+"Then there are three types of bundled services that cost money. One option, "
"which Lumen calls Candela courseware, offers integration with the "
"institution’s learning-management system, technical and pedagogical support, "
-"and tracking of effectiveness. Candela courseware costs institutions ten "
+"and tracking of effectiveness. Candela courseware costs institutions ten "
"dollars per enrolled student."
msgstr ""
+"Hay tres tipos de servicios agrupados que cuestan dinero. La primera opción, "
+"la cual Lumen llama Candela courseware, ofrece integración con el sistema de "
+"gestión de aprendizaje de la institución, soporte técnico y pedagógico, y "
+"rastreo de la efectividad. El Candela courseware tiene un costo de diez "
+"dolares por estudiante suscrito para la institución."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4350
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5544
msgid ""
"A second option is Waymaker, which offers the services of Candela but adds "
"personalized learning technologies, such as study plans, automated messages, "
"and assessments, and helps instructors find and support the students who "
"need it most. Waymaker courses cost twenty-five dollars per enrolled student."
msgstr ""
+"La segunda opción es Waymaker, la cual ofrece los servicios de Candela pero "
+"agrega tecnologías para el aprendizaje personalizadas, tales como planes de "
+"estudio, mensajes automatizados, y evaluaciones, y ayuda para que los "
+"instructores encuentren y apoyen a los estudiantes que más lo necesitan. "
+"Los cursos Waymaker tienen un costo de veinticinco dolares por estudiante "
+"matriculado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4357
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5551
msgid ""
"The third and emerging line of business for Lumen is providing guidance and "
"support for institutions and state systems that are pursuing the development "
"of complete OER degrees. Often called Z-Degrees, these programs eliminate "
"textbook costs for students in all courses that make up the degree (both "
-"required and elective) by replacing commercial textbooks and other expensive "
-"resources with OER."
+"required and elective) by replacing commercial textbooks and other "
+"expensive resources with OER."
msgstr ""
+"La tercera opción y línea emergente de negocios para Lumen es proporcionar "
+"orientación y apoyo para intituciones y sistemas estatales que esten "
+"buscando el desarrollo de grados completamente OER. Usualmente llamados Z-"
+"Degrees, estos programas eliminan los costos de libros de texto para los "
+"estudiantes en todos los cursos que esten dentro del grado (ambos, optativos "
+"y requeridos) al remplazar los libros de texto comerciales y otros recursos "
+"costosos con OER."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4372
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5560
msgid ""
"Lumen generates revenue by charging for their value-added tools and services "
"on top of their free courses, just as solar-power companies provide the "
"model perspective, from an open-access perspective, it has generated immense "
"goodwill in the community."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4381
+"Lumen genera ingresos al cobrar por sus herramientas con valor añadido y "
+"servicios arriba de los cursos libres, justo como las compañías de energía "
+"solar proveen las herramientas y servicios que ayudan a la gente a usar un "
+"recurso libre-la energía solar. Y el modelo de negocios de Lumen se enfoca "
+"en lograr que las intituciones pagen, no los estudiantes. Con los proyectos "
+"que hicieron antes de Lumen, David y Kim aprendieron que los estudiantes que "
+"tienen acceso a todo el material del curso desde el primer dia tienen gran "
+"éxito. Si los estudiantes tiene que pagar, Lumen tendría que restringir el "
+"acceso solo para aquellos que pagaron. Desde el comienzo, su postura fue que "
+"no pondrían su contenido detras de una barrera de pago. Lumen invierte cero "
+"dolares en tecnologías y procesos para restringir el acceso- sin gestión de "
+"derechos digitales, sin bombas de tiempo. Mientras que esto ha sido un reto "
+"desde la perspectiva del modelo de negocios, desde la perspectiva del acceso "
+"abierto, ha generado un inmenso bienestar en la comunidad."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5577
msgid ""
"In most cases, development of their courses is funded by the institution "
"Lumen has a contract with. When creating new courses, Lumen typically works "
"curates the best OER they can find that addresses those learning needs, "
"which the faculty reviews."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4391
-msgid ""
-"Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. "
-"The open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from "
-"images, videos, and other media to adapt and customize the course. Lumen "
-"creates new content as they discover gaps in existing OER. Test-bank items "
-"and feedback for students on their progress are areas where new content is "
-"frequently needed. Once a course is created, Lumen puts it on their platform "
-"with all the attributions and links to the original sources intact, and any "
-"of Lumen’s new content is given an Attribution (CC BY) license."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4397
+"En la mayoría de los casos, el desarrollo de los cursos está financiado por "
+"las instituciones con las que Lumen tiene un contrato. Lumen típicamente "
+"trabaja con la facultad que está enseñando el nuevo curso. Usualmente son "
+"parte de las instituciones que le pagan a Lumen, pero algunas veces Lumen "
+"tiene que expandir al equipo y el contrato con la facultad desde otras "
+"instituciones. Primero, la facultad identifica todos los resultados del "
+"aprendizaje de los cursos. Entonces Lumen buscan los mejores OER , les ponen "
+"agregados y curan, en aquellos que se ajusten mejor a esas necesidades de "
+"aprendizaje, que las facultades revisan."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5588
+msgid ""
+"Sometimes faculty like the existing OER but not the way it is presented. The "
+"open licensing of existing OER allows Lumen to pick and choose from images, "
+"videos, and other media to adapt and customize the course. Lumen creates new "
+"content as they discover gaps in existing OER. Test-bank items and feedback "
+"for students on their progress are areas where new content is frequently "
+"needed. Once a course is created, Lumen puts it on their platform with all "
+"the attributions and links to the original sources intact, and any of "
+"Lumen’s new content is given an Attribution (CC BY) license."
+msgstr ""
+"Algunas veces a las facultades les gustan los OER existentes, pero no de la "
+"manera en que se presentan. La licencia abierta de los OER existentes "
+"permite a Lumen tomar y escoger de las imágenes, videos, y otros medios para "
+"adaptar y personalizar el curso. Lumen crea nuevo contenido cuando descubren "
+"brechas en los OER existentes. Los elementos de los bancos de pruebas y la "
+"realimentación de los estudiantes en su progreso son áreas donde el nuevo "
+"contenido es frecuentemente necesitado. Una vez que un curso es creado, "
+"Lumen lo pone en su plataforma con todos las reconocimientos y vínculos a "
+"las fuentes originales intactas, y a todo el nuevo contenido de Lumen se le "
+"da una licencia Attribution (CC BY)."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5599
msgid ""
"Using only OER made them experience firsthand how complex it could be to mix "
"differently licensed work together. A common strategy with OER is to place "
"footer, which stays the same for all pages. This doesn’t quite work, "
"however, when mixing different OER together."
msgstr ""
+"Usar solamente OER los hace experimentar de primera mano que tal complejo "
+"sería mezclar trabajo licenciado de manera diferente junto. Una estrategia "
+"común con los OER es colocar la licencia Creative Commons y la información "
+"de atribuciónes en el pie de página del sitio web, el cuál se mantiene igual "
+"para todas las páginas. Esto no funciona bien, sin embargo, cuando se "
+"mezclan diferentes OER juntos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4406
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5607
msgid ""
"Remixing OER often results in multiple attributions on every page of every "
"course—text from one place, images from another, and videos from yet "
"attribution information as metadata, and getting it to show up at the end of "
"each page."
msgstr ""
+"Remezclar OER usualmente resulta en multiples atribuciones en cada pagina de "
+"cada curso-testo de un lugar, imágnes de otro, y videos de otro más. Algunos "
+"son licenciados como Attribution (CC BY), otros como Attribution-ShareAlike "
+"(CC BY-SA). Si esta información se coloca junto al texto del curso, los "
+"miembros del profesorado algunas veces tratan de editarlo y los estudiantes "
+"lo encuentran como una distracción. Lumen lidia con este reto al capturar la "
+"licencia y la información de las atribuciones como metadatos, y haciendo que "
+"se muestren al final de cada página."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4414
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5618
msgid ""
"Lumen’s commitment to open licensing and helping low-income students has led "
"to strong relationships with institutions, open-education enthusiasts, and "
"Lumen through presentations, word of mouth, and referrals. Sometimes the "
"number of general inquiries exceed Lumen’s sales capacity."
msgstr ""
+"El compromiso de Lumen con las licencias abiertas y su apoyo con los "
+"estudiantes de bajos ingresos ha llevado a fuertos relaciones con las "
+"instituciones, los entusiastas de la educación abierta, y los "
+"subvencionadores.Las personas en sus redes generosamente incrementan la "
+"visibilidad de Lumen a través de presentaciones, por el boca a boca, y "
+"referencias. Algunas veces el número de solicitudes excede la capacidad del "
+"equipo de ventas de Lumen."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4425
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5626
msgid ""
"To manage demand and ensure the success of projects, their strategy is to be "
"proactive and focus on what’s going on in higher education in different "
"regions of the United States, watching out for things happening at the "
-"system level in a way that fits with what Lumen offers. A great example is "
+"system level in a way that fits with what Lumen offers. A great example is "
"the Virginia community college system, which is building out Z-Degrees. "
-"David and Kim say there are nine other U.S. states with similar system-"
-"level activity where Lumen is strategically focusing its efforts. Where "
-"there are projects that would require a lot of resources on Lumen’s part, "
-"they prioritize the ones that would impact the largest number of students."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4433
+"David and Kim say there are nine other U.S. states with similar system-level "
+"activity where Lumen is strategically focusing its efforts. Where there are "
+"projects that would require a lot of resources on Lumen’s part, they "
+"prioritize the ones that would impact the largest number of students."
+msgstr ""
+"Para gestionar la demanda y asegurarse el exito de los proyectos, su "
+"estrategia es ser proactivos y enfocarse en lo qué está pasando en la "
+"educación superior en diferentes regiones de los Estados Unidos, poniedo "
+"atención de las cosas que pasan a nivel del sistema en una manera que encaje "
+"con lo que ofrece Lumen.Un gran ejemplo es el sistema de colegio comunitario "
+"de Virginia, que está construyendo Z-Degrees. David y Kim dicen que hay "
+"otros nueve estados en E.U.A. con un similar nivel de actividad del sistema "
+"en donde Lumen está enfocando estratégicamente sus esfuerzos. Donde haya "
+"proyectos que pudieran requerir muchos recursos de parte de Lumen, priorizan "
+"a los que tendrían impacto en el mayor número de estudiantes."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5639
msgid ""
"As a business, Lumen is committed to openness. There are two core "
"nonnegotiables: Lumen’s use of CC BY, the most permissive of the Creative "
"to identify new business models that achieve institution goals, while "
"keeping Lumen healthy."
msgstr ""
+"Como un negocio, Lumen esta comprometido con la franqueza. Hay dos puntos "
+"fundamentales no negociables: el uso por Lumen de CC BY, la más permisiva de "
+"las licencias Creative Commons, para todo el material que crea; y el acceso "
+"desde el primer dia para los estudiantes. Teniendo claros los no negociables "
+"les permite comprometerse con la comunidad educativa para resolverles retos "
+"y trabajar con las instituciones para identificar nuevos modelos de negocio "
+"que logren las metas de la institución, mientras Lumen se conserva prospera."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4442
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5649
msgid ""
"Openness also means that Lumen’s OER must necessarily be nonexclusive and "
"nonrivalrous. This represents several big challenges for the business model: "
"clear about how we are benefiting from and contributing to the open "
"community."
msgstr ""
+"La franqueza también significa que los OER de Lumen necesariamente serán no "
+"excluyentes y sin rivalidades. Esto representa varios retos grandes para el "
+"modelo de negocios: ¿Por qué invertiría en crear algo que la gente va a ser "
+"reticente a pagar ? ¿ Cómo asegura que las inversiones que la comunidad "
+"educativa diversa hace en OER no es explotada ? Lumen piensa que todos "
+"necesitamos ser claros acerca de como nos beneficiamos de y contribuímos con "
+"la comunidad abierta."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4449
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5659
msgid ""
"In the OER sector, there are examples of corporations, and even "
"institutions, acting as free riders. Some simply take and use open resources "
-"without paying anything or contributing anything back. Others give back the "
-"minimum amount so they can save face. Sustainability will require those "
+"without paying anything or contributing anything back. Others give back the "
+"minimum amount so they can save face. Sustainability will require those "
"using open resources to give back an amount that seems fair or even give "
"back something that is generous."
msgstr ""
+"En el sector OER, hay ejemplos de empresas, e incluso instituciones, "
+"actuando como vividores. Algunos simplemente toman y usan los recursos "
+"abiertos sin pagar nada o contribuir de vuelta. Otros regresan el aporte "
+"mínimo de manera que puedan dar la cara. La sustentabilidad requerirá de "
+"aquellos que usan los recursos abiertos que den en retorno una cantidad que "
+"sea justa o que den de regreso algo que sea generoso."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4458
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5668
msgid ""
-"Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They "
+"Lumen does track institutions accessing and using their free content. They "
"proactively contact those institutions, with an estimate of how much their "
"students are saving and encouraging them to switch to a paid model. Lumen "
"explains the advantages of the paid model: a more interactive relationship "
"with funding supporting the evolution and improvement of the OER they are "
"using."
msgstr ""
+"Lumen rastrea a las instituciones que acceden y usan su material libre. "
+"Proactivamente se ponen en contacto con esas instituciones, con un estimado "
+"de cuanto están ahorrando sus estudiantes y los motivan para que se cambien "
+"a un modelo de pago. Lumen explica las ventajas del modelo de pago: una "
+"relación más interactiva con Lumen; integración con el sistema de gestión de "
+"aprendizaje de la institución; garantía de soporte para la facultad y los "
+"estudiantes; y la sustentabilidad futura con financiamiento que respalde la "
+"evolución y la mejora de los OER que estén usando."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4465
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5679
msgid ""
-"Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For "
+"Lumen works hard to be a good corporate citizen in the OER community. For "
"David and Kim, a good corporate citizen gives more than they take, adds "
"unique value, and is very transparent about what they are taking from "
-"community, what they are giving back, and what they are monetizing. Lumen "
+"community, what they are giving back, and what they are monetizing. Lumen "
"believes these are the building blocks of a sustainable model and strives "
"for a correct balance of all these factors."
msgstr ""
+"Lumen trabaja duro para ser un buen ciudadano empresarial en la comunidad de "
+"los OER. Para David y Kim, un buen ciudadano empresarial da más de lo que "
+"toma, agrega valor único, y es muy transparente acerca de lo que están "
+"tomando de la comunidad, qué es lo que están dando en retorno, y qué están "
+"monetizando. Lumen piensa que esos son los cimientos de un modelo "
+"sostenible y se esfuerza por un balance correcto de todos estos factores."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4470
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5688
msgid ""
"Licensing all the content they produce with CC BY is a key part of giving "
"more value than they take. They’ve also worked hard at finding the right "
"structure for their value-add and how to package it in a way that is "
"understandable and repeatable."
msgstr ""
+"Licenciar todo el contenido que producen con CC BY es una parte fundamental "
+"de dar más valor del que toman. Tambien han trabajado duro al encontrar la "
+"estructura correcta para su agregación de valor y como empacarlo de manera "
+"que sea entendible y repetible."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4480
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5694
msgid ""
"As of the fall 2016 term, Lumen had eighty-six different open courses, "
"working relationships with ninety-two institutions, and more than seventy-"
"funded, 20 percent revenue earned, and 20 percent funded with angel capital. "
"Going forward, their strategy is to replace grant funding with revenue."
msgstr ""
+"A finales del 2016, Lumen tenía ochenta y seis cursos abiertos diferentes, "
+"trabajado relaciones con noventa y dos instituciones, y más de setenta y "
+"cinco mil estudiantes matriculados. Lumen recibió fondos de inicio al "
+"principio de las fundaciones Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, la Hewlett "
+"Foundation, y la Shuttleworth Foundation. Desde entonces, Lumen tambipen ha "
+"atraído fondos de inversión. Durante los últimos tres años, Lumen ha sido "
+"financiado aproximadamente con subvenciones al 60 por ciento, 20 por "
+"ciento de ingresos ganados, y 20 por ciento financiado con capital ángel. En "
+"el futuro, su estrategia es reemplazar el financiamiento con ingresos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4488
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5706
msgid ""
"In creating Lumen Learning, David and Kim say they’ve landed on solutions "
"they never imagined, and there is still a lot of learning taking place. For "
"people know where you stand, and don’t back away from it. It really is about "
"trust."
msgstr ""
+"Al crear Lumen Learning, David y Kim dicen que han aterrizado sobre "
+"soluciones que nunca imaginaron, y que todavía hay mucho apredizaje en "
+"curso. Para ellos, los modelos de negocios abiertos son un campo emergente "
+"donde estamos todos aprendiendo a través de la colaboración. Sus mayores "
+"recomendaciones para quienes quieran perseguir el modelo abierto son hacer "
+"su compromiso con los recursos abiertos público, dejar que la gente sepa lo "
+"que sostienes, y no alejarse de eso. Ciertamente es acerca de la confianza."
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4492
-msgid "lumenlearning.com/innovative-projects/"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5717
+msgid "Jonathan Mann"
+msgstr "Jonathan Mann"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4494
-msgid "## Jonathan Mann"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4497
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5720
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann is a singer and songwriter who is most well known as the “Song "
"A Day” guy. Based in the U.S."
msgstr ""
+"Jonathan Mann es un cantante y escritor de canciones quien es más conocido "
+"como el tipo de “Song A Day”. Vive en los E.U.A."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4499
-msgid "jonathanmann.net and"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4501
-msgid "jonathanmann.bandcamp.com"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5723
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://"
+"jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://jonathanmann.net\"/> and <ulink url=\"http://"
+"jonathanmann.bandcamp.com\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4505
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5726
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Revenue model: charging for custom services, pay-what-you-want, "
+#| "crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for in-person version "
+#| "(speaking engagements and musical performances)"
msgid ""
-"Revenue model: charging for custom services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding "
-"(subscription-based), charging for in-person version (speaking engagements "
-"and musical performances)"
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
+"services, pay-what-you-want, crowdfunding (subscription-based), charging for "
+"in-person version (speaking engagements and musical performances)"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de ingresos: cargos for servicio personalizado, paga-lo-que-quieras, "
+"financiamiento comunitario (basado en subscripción), cargos por versión en-"
+"persona (compromisos y presentaciones musicales)"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4507
-msgid "Interview date: February 22, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5731
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: February 22, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 22, 2016"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 22 de febrero, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4519
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5739
msgid ""
"Jonathan Mann thinks of his business model as “hustling”—seizing nearly "
"every opportunity he sees to make money. The bulk of his income comes from "
"and motivation. He has been hired by major conferences to write songs "
"summarizing what speakers have said in the conference sessions."
msgstr ""
+"Jonathan Mann piensa en su modelo de negocios como “hustling”[1]—tomar casi "
+"cualquier oportunidad que veas para hacer dinero. La mayor parte de sus "
+"ingresos vienen de escribir canciones bajo comisión para personas y "
+"compañías, pero el tiene una amplia variedad de fuentes de ingreso. El tiene "
+"patrocinadores en el sitio de financiamiento comunitario Patreon. El obtiene "
+"regalías de la publicidad de YouTube y Bandcamp, donde el publica toda su "
+"música. El da conferencias pagadas acerca de creatividad y motivaciónales. "
+"Ha sido contratado por conferencias importantes para escribir canciones que "
+"resuman lo que el conferencista comentó en las sesiones de la conferencia.\n"
+"[1] en México lo más parecido sería “milusos”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4528
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5750
msgid ""
"His entrepreneurial spirit is coupled with a willingness to take action "
"quickly. A perfect illustration of his ability to act fast happened in 2010, "
"conference. The song then went viral, and the experience landed him in Time "
"magazine."
msgstr ""
+"Su espiritu emprendedor está acompañado de la volunta para tomar acción "
+"rápidamente. La perfecta ilustración de su habilidad de actuar rápidamente "
+"ocurrió en 2010, cuando leyó que Apple estaba teniendo una conferencia al "
+"dia siguiente relatado a un snafu[2] referente al iPhone 4. Decidió escribir "
+"y publicar una canción acerca del iPhone 4 ese dia, y al dia siguiente "
+"recibió una llamada de la gente de relaciones públicas de Apple queriendo "
+"usar y promocionar el video en la conferencia de Apple. La canción se volvió "
+"viral, y la experiencia lo llevó a la revista Time magazine.\n"
+"\n"
+"[2]https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SNAFU"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4533
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5761
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s successful “hustling” is also about old-fashioned persistence. He "
"is currently in his eighth straight year of writing one song each day. He "
"holds the Guinness World Record for consecutive daily songwriting, and he is "
"widely known as the “song-a-day guy.”"
msgstr ""
+"El exitoso “hustling” de Jonathan es también acerca de la persistencia de la "
+"vieja escuela. Actualmente él está su octavo año consecutivo de escribir "
+"diariamente una canción. El tiene el record mundial Guinness por escribir "
+"consecutivamente canciones a diario, y es ampliamente conocido como el tipo "
+"“una-canción-al-dia.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4541
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5768
msgid ""
"He fell into this role by, naturally, seizing a random opportunity a friend "
"alerted him to seven years ago—an event called Fun-A-Day, where people are "
"supposed to create a piece of art every day for thirty-one days straight. He "
"was in need of a new project, so he decided to give it a try by writing and "
-"posting a song each day. He added a video component to the songs because he "
+"posting a song each day. He added a video component to the songs because he "
"knew people were more likely to watch video online than simply listening to "
"audio files."
msgstr ""
+"El cayó en este rol al, naturalmente, agarrar una opoprtunidad aleatoria que "
+"un amigo le alerto hace siete años—un acto llamado Divertido-Por-Dia, donde "
+"las personas tenían que crear una pieza de arte cada dia por treinta y un "
+"dias consecutivos. Estaba necesitando un nuevo proyecto, entonces decidió "
+"darle una oportunidad al escribir y publicar una canción cada dia. Le agregó "
+"un acompañamiento de video a la canción porque sabía que las personas gustan "
+"más de mirar videos enlinea que simplemente escuchar archivos de audio."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4555
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5778
msgid ""
"He had a really good time doing the thirty-one-day challenge, so he decided "
-"to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has "
+"to see if he could continue it for one year. He never stopped. He has "
"written and posted a new song literally every day, seven days a week, since "
"he began the project in 2009. When he isn’t writing songs that he is hired "
"to write by clients, he writes songs about whatever is on his mind that day. "
"incapable of getting Internet access in time to meet the deadline, he will "
"prepare ahead and have someone else post the song for him."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4562
-msgid ""
-"Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the "
+"El pasó un buen momento haciendo el reto de treinta y un dias, por lo que "
+"decidió ver su podía continuarlo por un año. Nunca se detuvo. Ha escrito y "
+"publicado una nueva canción cada día literealment, siete dias a la semana, "
+"desde que comenzó el proyecto en 2009. Cuando no está escribiendo las "
+"canciones por las que los clientes lo contratan que les escriba, compone "
+"canciones acerca de lo que sea que este en su mente ese dia. Sus canciones "
+"son pegajosas y desenfadadas, pero usualmente contienen al menos una "
+"tendencia subyacente de un tema o significado profundo. Ocasionalmente, son "
+"extremadamente personales, como la conción que compuso junto su expareja "
+"anunciando su ruptura. Llueva o a salga el sol, en la saludo o la "
+"enfermedad, Jonathan publica y compone canciones cada dia. Si el está en un "
+"vuelo o no es capaz de conseguir acceso a internet en tiempo para cumplir "
+"con el límite, preparará con antelación y tendrá a alguien más para publicar "
+"la canción por él."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5794
+msgid ""
+"Over time, the song-a-day gig became the basis of his livelihood. In the "
"beginning, he made money one of two ways. The first was by entering a wide "
"variety of contests and winning a handful. The second was by having the "
"occasional song and video go some varying degree of viral, which would bring "
"more eyeballs and mean that there were more people wanting him to write "
"songs for them. Today he earns most of his money this way."
msgstr ""
+"Durante el tiempop, el gig[3] de una canción-por-dia se volvió la base de su "
+"forma de vida. Al principio, el ganaba dinero de alguna de dos formas. La "
+"primer manera era entrar en una amplia variedad de concursos y ganar "
+"basstantes. La segunda manera era al tener ocasionalmente una canción y "
+"video que se volviera viral en algún grado, el cuál traería mas ojos y "
+"significaría que habría más gente queriendo que él escriba canciones para "
+"ellos. Actualmente el gana la mayoría de su dinero de esta manera.\n"
+"\n"
+"[3] gig slang (job) (es, eslang ) curro (mx eslang) chamba (ar eslang) "
+"laburo"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4569
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5803
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super "
+#| "simple to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a "
+#| "heartfelt, fun and quirky song.” He charges \\$500 to create a produced "
+#| "song and \\$300 for an acoustic song. He has been hired for product "
+#| "launches, weddings, conferences, and even Kickstarter campaigns like the "
+#| "one that funded the production of this book."
msgid ""
"His website explains his gig as “taking any message, from the super simple "
"to the totally complicated, and conveying that message through a heartfelt, "
-"fun and quirky song.” He charges \\$500 to create a produced song and \\$300 "
-"for an acoustic song. He has been hired for product launches, weddings, "
+"fun and quirky song.” He charges $500 to create a produced song and $300 for "
+"an acoustic song. He has been hired for product launches, weddings, "
"conferences, and even Kickstarter campaigns like the one that funded the "
"production of this book."
msgstr ""
+"Su sitio web explica su trabajo como “tomar cualquier mensaje, desde el "
+"super simple hasta el totalmente complicado, y transportar ese mensaje a "
+"través de toque al corazón, en una canción divertida y peculiar.” El cobra \\"
+"$500 por crear una canción con producción y \\$300 por una canción acústica. "
+"Ha sido contratado para lanzamiento de productos, bodas, conferencias, e "
+"incluso campañas de Kickstarter como aquella que financió la producción de "
+"este libro."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4576
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5812
msgid ""
"Jonathan can’t recall when exactly he first learned about Creative Commons, "
"but he began applying CC licenses to his songs and videos as soon as he "
"discovered the option. “CC seems like such a no-brainer,” Jonathan said. “I "
-"don’t understand how anything else would make sense. It seems like such an "
+"don’t understand how anything else would make sense. It seems like such an "
"obvious thing that you would want your work to be able to be shared.”"
msgstr ""
+"Jonathan no puede recordan cuando exactamente aprendio por primera vez "
+"acerca de Creative Commons, pero comenzó a aplicar licencias CC a sus "
+"canciones y videos tan pronto como descubrió la opción. \"CC parece como "
+"una obviedad\", dijo Jonathan. \"No entiendo cómo cualquier otra cosa "
+"tendría sentido. Parece una cosa tan obvia que usted quisiera que su trabajo "
+"pudiera ser compartido.\""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4584
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5820
msgid ""
"His songs are essentially marketing for his services, so obviously the "
"further his songs spread, the better. Using CC licenses helps grease the "
"Jonathan said. “That is how music has worked since the beginning of time. "
"Our me-me, mine-mine culture has undermined that.”"
msgstr ""
+"Sus canciones son esencialmente marketing para sus servicios, entonces "
+"obviamente entre más lejos se distribuyan sus canciones, será mejor. Usar "
+"las licencias CC ayuda a engrasar las ruedas, permitiendo a las personas "
+"saber que Jonathan permite e impulsa que las copien, interactuén con, y "
+"remezclen su música.” Si dejas que cualquiera haga una versión de tú canción "
+"o la remezcle o use partes de ella, asi es como se supone que la música debe "
+"trabajar,” comentó Jonathan. “Así es como la música ha trabajado desde el "
+"principio del tiempo. Nuestro yo-yo, mio-mio cultural ha socavado eso.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4590
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5830
msgid ""
"There are some people who cover his songs fairly regularly, and he would "
"never shut that down. But he acknowledges there is a lot more he could do to "
"build an audience online, and I generally think I don’t do any of that,” "
"Jonathan said."
msgstr ""
+"Hay perosnas que versionan sus canciones muy regularmente, y él nunca "
+"terminaría con ello. Pero el concuerda que hay mucho más que podría hacer "
+"para construír una comunidad. “Existe todo esta sabiduría convencional "
+"acerca de cómo construír una audiencia enlinea, y generalmente pienso que no "
+"hago nada de eso,” comentó Jonathan."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4598
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5837
msgid ""
"He does have a fan community he cultivates on Bandcamp, but it isn’t his "
"major focus. “I do have a core audience that has stuck around for a really "
"sense given Jonathan’s primary income source of writing custom songs for "
"clients."
msgstr ""
+"El tiene una comunidad de fans que cultiva en Bandcamp, pero no es su mayor "
+"preocupación. “Sí tengo una audiencia primaria que ha estado por un tiempo "
+"realmente largo, algunos incluso más largo de lo que he estado haciendo con "
+"una canción-al-dia,” él dijo. “también hay un aspecto transitivo que entra "
+"en un momento y toman lo que necesitan y entonces se siguen adelante.” "
+"Enfocandose menos en construir la comunidad que otros artistas tiene sentido "
+"dandole a Jonathan su principal fuente de ingresos de componer canciones "
+"personalizadas a sus clientes."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4608
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5847
msgid ""
"Jonathan recognizes what comes naturally to him and leverages those skills. "
"Through the practice of daily songwriting, he realized he has a gift for "
"music. In his song “How to Choose a Master Password,” Jonathan explained the "
"process of creating a secure password in a silly, simple song. He was hired "
"to write the song by a client who handed him a long technical blog post from "
-"which to draw the information. Like a good (and rare) journalist, he "
+"which to draw the information. Like a good (and rare) journalist, he "
"translated the technical concepts into something understandable."
msgstr ""
+"Jonathan reconoce lo que le viene naturalmente y aprovecha esas "
+"habilidades.\n"
+"A través de la práctica diaria de la composición, se dió cuenta de que tiene "
+"un don para destilar temas complicados en conceptos simples y ponerlos en la "
+"música. En su canción (Cómo escoger un contraseña maestra) “How to Choose a "
+"Master Password,” Jonathan explicó el proceso de crear una contraseña segura "
+"en una tonta, canción simple. Fue contratado para componer una canción por "
+"un cliente quien le dió una publicación de blog larga y técnica de donde "
+"sacar la información. Como un buen (y raro) periodista, tradujo los "
+"conceptos técnicos en algo entendible."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4622
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5859
msgid ""
"When he is hired by a client to write a song, he first asks them to send a "
"list of talking points and other information they want to include in the "
"song. He puts all of that into a text file and starts moving things around, "
-"cutting and pasting until the message starts to come together. The first "
+"cutting and pasting until the message starts to come together. The first "
"thing he tries to do is grok the core message and develop the chorus. Then "
"he looks for connections or parts he can make rhyme. The entire process "
"really does resemble good journalism, but of course the final product of his "
"about or doesn’t seem like it lends itself to a song,” he said. “I find that "
"creative challenge really satisfying. I enjoy getting lost in that process.”"
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4628
+"Cuando es contratado por un cliente para componer una canción, lo primero "
+"que les solicita es enviar una lista de los puntos de discusión y otra "
+"información que quieran incluir en la canción. Pone todo eso en un archivo "
+"de texto y comienza a mover cosas alrededor, curtando y pegando hasta que el "
+"mensaje comienza a salir junto. Lo primero que intenta hacer es entender "
+"profunda e intuitivamente el núcleo del mensaje y desarrollar el coro. "
+"Entonces busca conexiones o partes que pueda hacer rimar. El proceso entero "
+"ciertamente es parecido al buen periodismo, pero por supuesto el producto "
+"final de su trabajo es una canción en vez de noticias.”Hay algo acerca de "
+"ser desafiado y forzado a tomar información que no se ve como lo que debería "
+"ser cantado o que no se ve como que lleve en si mismo una canción,” "
+"comentó.”Encuentro ese desafio creativo ciertamente satisfactorio. Me gusta "
+"perderme en el proceso. ”"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5874
msgid ""
"Jonathan admits that in an ideal world, he would exclusively write the music "
-"he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his "
+"he wanted to write, rather than what clients hire him to write. But his "
"business model is about capitalizing on his strengths as a songwriter, and "
"he has found a way to keep it interesting for himself."
msgstr ""
+"Jonathan admite que en un mundo ideal, el escribiria exclusivamente la "
+"música que el quisiera, en vez de lo que el cliente quiere que le escriba. "
+"Pero su modelo de negocios es acerca de capitalizar sus fortalezas como "
+"compositor, y ha encontrado un medio para mantenerlo interesante para sí "
+"mismo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4638
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5881
msgid ""
"Jonathan uses nearly every tool possible to make money from his art, but he "
"does have lines he won’t cross. He won’t write songs about things he "
"reasons; he is best at using his own unique style rather than mimicking "
"others."
msgstr ""
+"Jonathan usa casi cualquier herramienta posible para hacer dinero de su "
+"arte, pero el tiene límites que no quiere cruzar. No escribiria canciones "
+"acerca de cosas en las que el fundamentalmente no cree, y han existido "
+"momentos en los que ha declinado trabajos por ese principio. Tampoco se "
+"alejaría mucho de su estilo natural. “Mi estilo es tonto, por lo que no me "
+"puedo acomodar con gente que quiere algo super serio,” comentó Jonathan. "
+"“Hago lo que hago muy facilmente, y es parte de quien soy.” Jonathan no se "
+"ha metido a escribir comerciales por la misma razón; el es mejor al usar su "
+"propio estilo único en vez de imitar a otros."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4645
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5893
msgid ""
"Jonathan’s song-a-day commitment exemplifies the power of habit and grit. "
"Conventional wisdom about creative productivity, including advice in books "
"like the best-seller The Creative Habit by Twyla Tharp, routinely emphasizes "
"the importance of ritual and action. No amount of planning can replace the "
-"value of simple practice and just doing. Jonathan Mann’s work is a living "
+"value of simple practice and just doing. Jonathan Mann’s work is a living "
"embodiment of these principles."
msgstr ""
+"El compromiso una-canción-al-dia de Jonathan ejemplifica el poder del habito "
+"y el coraje. La sabiduría convencional acerca de la productividad creativa, "
+"incluyendo los consejos en libros como el best-seller The Creative Habit "
+"escrito por Twyla Tharp, rutinariamente enfatizan la importancia del ritual "
+"y la acción. Ninguna cantidad de planeación puede remplazar el valor de la "
+"simple práctica y el solo hacer. El trabajo de Jonathan Mann es una "
+"encarnación viviente de estos principios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4651
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5902
msgid ""
"When he speaks about his work, he talks about how much the song-a-day "
"process has changed him. Rather than seeing any given piece of work as "
"comfortable with just doing. If today’s song is a bust, tomorrow’s song "
"might be better."
msgstr ""
+"Cuando habla de su trabajo, comenta acerca de que tanto el proceso de una-"
+"canción-al-dia lo ha cambiado. En vez de ver a cualquier pieza de trabajo "
+"como algo precioso y quedarse atorado en tratar de hacerlo perfecto, el se "
+"ha quedado tranquilo con solo hacerlo. Si la canción de hoy es un fracaso, "
+"la canción de mañana puede que sea mejor."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4658
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5909
msgid ""
-"Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He "
-"is constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his "
-"work as widely as possible, seeing what sticks. While he has major "
+"Jonathan seems to have this mentality about his career more generally. He is "
+"constantly experimenting with ways to make a living while sharing his work "
+"as widely as possible, seeing what sticks. While he has major "
"accomplishments he is proud of, like being in the Guinness World Records or "
"having his song used by Steve Jobs, he says he never truly feels successful."
msgstr ""
+"Jonathan parece tener esta mentalidad acerca de su carrera mas generlizada. "
+"Está constantemente experimentando con medio de hacer un ingreso mientras "
+"comparte su trabajoj tan ampliamente como sea posible, viendo lo que pega. "
+"Mientras él tiene logros mayores de los que está orgulloso de, como estar en "
+"el Guiness World Records o tener sus canciones usadas por Steve Jobs, dice "
+"que nunca se siente verdaderamente exitoso."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4662
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5917
msgid ""
"“Success feels like it’s over,” he said. “To a certain extent, a creative "
"person is not ever going to feel completely satisfied because then so much "
"of what drives you would be gone.”"
msgstr ""
+"“El exito se siente como que se ha terminado,” comentó. \"En cierta medida, "
+"una persona creativa nunca se sentirá completamente satisfecha porque "
+"entonces mucho de lo que los impulsa se iría.\""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4664
-msgid "## Noun Project"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5923
+msgid "Noun Project"
+msgstr "Noun Project"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4668
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5926
msgid ""
"The Noun Project is a for-profit company offering an online platform to "
"display visual icons from a global network of designers. Founded in 2010 in "
"the U.S."
msgstr ""
+"El Noun Project es una compañía de lucro que ofrece un plataforma enlinea "
+"para mostrar iconos visuales de una red global de diseñadores. Fundada en "
+"2010 en los E.U.A."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4670
-msgid "thenounproject.com"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5931
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4672
-msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee, charging for custom services"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5933
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee, charging for custom services"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
+"fee, charging for custom services"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de ingresos: cargos de couta por transacción, cargos por servicios "
+"personalizados"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4674
-msgid "Interview date: October 6, 2015"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5936
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: October 6, 2015"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: October 6, 2015"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 6 de octubre, 2015"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4676
-msgid "Interviewee: Edward Boatman, cofounder"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5939
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: Edward Boatman, cofounder"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Edward Boatman, cofounder"
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Edward Boatman, cofundador"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4682
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5947
msgid ""
"The Noun Project creates and shares visual language. There are millions who "
"use Noun Project symbols to simplify communication across borders, "
"languages, and cultures."
msgstr ""
+"El Noun Project crea y comparte lenguaje visual. Hay millones que usan los "
+"símbolos del Noun Project para simplificar las comunicaciones a través de "
+"las fronteras, lenguajes, y culturas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4689
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5952
msgid ""
"The original idea for the Noun Project came to cofounder Edward Boatman "
"while he was a student in architecture design school. He’d always done a lot "
"of sketches and started to draw what used to fascinate him as a child, like "
-"trains, sequoias, and bulldozers. He began thinking how great it would be if "
-"he had a simple image or small icon of every single object or concept on the "
-"planet."
+"trains, sequoias, and bulldozers. He began thinking how great it would be "
+"if he had a simple image or small icon of every single object or concept on "
+"the planet."
msgstr ""
+"La idea original para el Noun Project llegó al cofundador Edward Boatman "
+"mientras era estudiante en la escuela de diseño en arquitectura. Él siempre "
+"ha hecho muchos bocetos y comenzadó a dibujar lo que solía fascinarlo de "
+"niño, como trenes, secuoias, y bulldozers. Comenzó a pensar que bueno sería "
+"si él tuviera una imagen simple o u ícono pequeño de cada objeto o concepto "
+"en el planeta."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4695
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5960
msgid ""
"When Edward went on to work at an architecture firm, he had to make a lot of "
"presentation boards for clients. But finding high-quality sources for "
"provide them. Perhaps his idea for creating a library of icons could "
"actually help people in similar situations."
msgstr ""
+"Cuando Edward fue al trabajoj en una firma de arquitectos, tuvo que hacer un "
+"monto de presentaciones para los clientes. Pero hallar fuentes de alta "
+"calidad para los símbolos y los íconos era difícil. No pudo encontrar ningun "
+"sitio que se los pudiera proporcionar. Posiblemente su idea de crear una "
+"biblioteca de íconos podría ciertamente ayudar a las personas en situaciones "
+"similarers."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4702
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5968
msgid ""
"With his partner, Sofya Polyakov, he began collecting symbols for a website "
"and writing a business plan. Inspiration came from the book Professor and "
"the Madman, which chronicles the use of crowdsourcing to create the Oxford "
-"English Dictionary in 1870. Edward began to imagine crowdsourcing icons and "
+"English Dictionary in 1870. Edward began to imagine crowdsourcing icons and "
"symbols from volunteer designers around the world."
msgstr ""
+"Con su socia, Sofya Polyakov, comenzó a recolectar símbolos para un sitio "
+"web y a escribir un plan de negocios. La inspiración vino de un libro "
+"Professor and the Madman, una crónica del uso del financiamiento social para "
+"crear el diccionario Oxford English Dictionary en 1870. Edward comenzó a "
+"imaginar financiar colectivamente iconos y símbolos de diseñadores "
+"voluntarios alrededor del mundo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4710
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5979
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-"
+"collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-"
+"collection-of-our-worlds-visual-sy/description\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5976
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a "
+#| "huge catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and "
+#| "Sofya launched the Noun Project with a Kickstarter campaign, back when "
+#| "Kickstarter was in its infancy.1 They thought it’d be a good way to "
+#| "introduce the global web community to their idea. Their goal was to raise "
+#| "\\$1,500, but in twenty days they got over \\$14,000. They realized their "
+#| "idea had the potential to be something much bigger."
msgid ""
"Then Edward got laid off during the recession, which turned out to be a huge "
"catalyst. He decided to give his idea a go, and in 2010 Edward and Sofya "
"launched the Noun Project with a Kickstarter campaign, back when Kickstarter "
-"was in its infancy.1 They thought it’d be a good way to introduce the global "
-"web community to their idea. Their goal was to raise \\$1,500, but in twenty "
-"days they got over \\$14,000. They realized their idea had the potential to "
-"be something much bigger."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4716
+"was in its infancy.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They thought "
+"it’d be a good way to introduce the global web community to their idea. "
+"Their goal was to raise $1,500, but in twenty days they got over $14,000. "
+"They realized their idea had the potential to be something much bigger."
+msgstr ""
+"Entonces Edward fue despedido durante la recesión, lo cuál mostró ser un "
+"gran catalizador. Decidió darle a su idea una oportunidad, y en 2010 Edward "
+"y Sofya lanzaron el Noun Project con una campaña en Kickstarter, cuando "
+"Kickstarter estaba en su infancia.1 Pensaron que sería una buen medio de "
+"introducir a la comunidad global de la web a su idea. Su meta fue recolectar "
+"\\$1,500 pero en veinte dias obtuvieron más de \\$14,000. Se dieron cuenta "
+"de que su idea tenía el potencial para ser algo más grande."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5985
msgid ""
"They created a platform where symbols and icons could be uploaded, and "
"Edward began recruiting talented designers to contribute their designs, a "
"drawings just gathering “digital dust” on their hard drives. It’s easy to "
"convince them to finally share them with the world."
msgstr ""
+"Crearon una plataforma donde los símbolos e iconos podían subirse, y Edward "
+"comenzó a reclutar diseñadores talentosos para contribuir con sus diseños, "
+"un proceso que describe como fácil de vender. Montones de diseñadores tienen "
+"viejos dibujos que solo estan recolectando “polvo digital” en sus discos "
+"duros. Es fácil convencerlos de compartirlos finalmente con el mundo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4724
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:5993
msgid ""
"The Noun Project currently has about seven thousand designers from around "
"the world. But not all submissions are accepted. The Noun Project’s quality-"
"reject a piece of work, which maintains and builds the relationship they "
"have with their global community of designers."
msgstr ""
+"El Noun Project actualmente tiene cerca de siete mil diseñadores alrededor "
+"del mundo. Pero no todos los envíos son aceptados. El proceso de revisión de "
+"calidad del Noun Project significa que solo los mejores trabajso se vuelven "
+"parte de su colección. Se aseguran de proporcionar realimentación "
+"constructiva y motivadora cuando rechazan una pieza de trabajo, lo cual "
+"mantiene y contruye las relaciones que tienen con su comunidad global de "
+"diseñadores."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4729
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6002
msgid ""
"Creative Commons is an integral part of the Noun Project’s business model; "
"this decision was inspired by Chris Anderson’s book Free: The Future of "
"Radical Price, which introduced Edward to the idea that you could build a "
"business model around free content."
msgstr ""
+"Las Creative Commons son una parte integral del modelo de negocios del Noun "
+"Project; esta decisión se inspiró en el libro de Chris Anderson Free: The "
+"Future of Radical Price, el cual introdujo a Edward a la idea de que puedes "
+"construir un modelo de negocios alrededor del contenido libre."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4741
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6009
msgid ""
"Edward knew he wanted to offer a free visual language while still providing "
"some protection and reward for its contributors. There is a tension between "
"want to offer an icon that people can use without having to give credit, "
"they can use CC0 to put the work into the public domain."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4750
+"Edward sabía que quería ofrecer un lenguaje visual libre mientras "
+"proporcionaba alguna protección y recompensa a sus contribuyentes. Había una "
+"tensión entre esos dos objetivos, pero para Edward, las licencias Creative "
+"Commons aportaron el idealismo y la oportunidad de negocios juntas "
+"elegantemente. Escogió la licencia Attribution (CC BY), lo cual significa "
+"que la gente puede descargar los iconos gratuitamente y modificarlos e "
+"incluso usarlos comercialmente. El requerimiento de dar créditos a los "
+"creadores originales asegura que el creador pueda construirse una reputación "
+"y obtener reconocimiento global por su trabajo. Y si ellos simplemente "
+"quieren ofrecer un ícono que las personas puedan usar sin tener que dar "
+"créditos, pueden usar la CC0 para poner el trabajo en el dominio público."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6023
msgid ""
"Noun Project’s business model and means of generating revenue have evolved "
"significantly over time. Their initial plan was to sell T-shirts with the "
"icons on it, which in retrospect Edward says was a horrible idea. They did "
"get a lot of email from people saying they loved the icons but asking if "
-"they could pay a fee instead of giving attribution. Ad agencies (among "
+"they could pay a fee instead of giving attribution. Ad agencies (among "
"others) wanted to keep marketing and presentation materials clean and free "
"of attribution statements. For Edward, “That’s when our lightbulb went off.”"
msgstr ""
+"El modelo de negocios del Noun Project y los medios para generar ingresos "
+"han evolucionado significativamente a través del tiempo. Su plan inicial fue "
+"vender playeras con sus íconos en ellas, lo que en retrospectiva coment "
+"Edward era una horrible idea. Les llegaron correos electrónicos de gente "
+"diciendo que amaban sus íconos pero preguntaban si podían pagar una cuota en "
+"vez de dar los créditos.Las agencias anunciantes (entre otros) querían "
+"mantener el marketing y los materiales de presentación limpios y libres de "
+"enunciados de créditos. Para Edward, “Ahí fue cuando se nos acabaron las "
+"ideas.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4756
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6033
msgid ""
"They asked their global network of designers whether they’d be open to "
-"receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a "
+"receiving modest remuneration instead of attribution. Designers saw it as a "
"win-win. The idea that you could offer your designs for free and have a "
"global audience and maybe even make some money was pretty exciting for most "
"designers."
msgstr ""
+"Les preguntaron a su red global de diseñadores si estarían abiertos a "
+"recibir remuneraciones modestas en vez de créditos. Los diseñadores vieron "
+"esto como ganar-ganar. La idea de que pudiran ofrecer sus diseños "
+"gratuitamente y tener una adudiencia global y tal vez hacer algun dinero fue "
+"muy exitante para muchos diseñadores."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4768
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6040
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without "
+#| "giving attribution would cost \\$1.99 per icon. The model’s second "
+#| "iteration added a subscription component, where there would be a monthly "
+#| "fee to access a certain number of icons—ten, fifty, a hundred, or five "
+#| "hundred. However, users didn’t like these hard-count options. They "
+#| "preferred to try out many similar icons to see which worked best before "
+#| "eventually choosing the one they wanted to use. So the Noun Project moved "
+#| "to an unlimited model, whereby users have unlimited access to the whole "
+#| "library for a flat monthly fee. This service is called NounPro and costs "
+#| "\\$9.99 per month. Edward says this model is working well—good for "
+#| "customers, good for creators, and good for the platform."
msgid ""
"The Noun Project first adopted a model whereby using an icon without giving "
-"attribution would cost \\$1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added "
-"a subscription component, where there would be a monthly fee to access a "
+"attribution would cost $1.99 per icon. The model’s second iteration added a "
+"subscription component, where there would be a monthly fee to access a "
"certain number of icons—ten, fifty, a hundred, or five hundred. However, "
"users didn’t like these hard-count options. They preferred to try out many "
"similar icons to see which worked best before eventually choosing the one "
"they wanted to use. So the Noun Project moved to an unlimited model, whereby "
"users have unlimited access to the whole library for a flat monthly fee. "
-"This service is called NounPro and costs \\$9.99 per month. Edward says this "
+"This service is called NounPro and costs $9.99 per month. Edward says this "
"model is working well—good for customers, good for creators, and good for "
"the platform."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4779
+"El Noun Project en un principio adoptó un modelo donde usar un ícono sin dar "
+"créditos costaría \\$1.99 por ícono. La segunda iteración del modelo agregó "
+"un componente de subscripción, donde habría una cuota mensual para acceder a "
+"cierto número de íconos—diez, cincuenta, un ciento, o quinientos. Sin "
+"embargo, a los usuarios no les gustó estas opciones rígidas. Preferían "
+"intentar muchos íconos similares para ver cual les funcionaba mejor antes de "
+"eventualmente escoger aquella que quisieran usar. Entonces el Noun Project "
+"se movió a un modelo ilimitado, por lo cual los usuarios tienen acceso "
+"ilimitado a la biblioteca completa por una simple cuota mensual. Este "
+"servicio es llamado NounPro y cuesta \\$9.99 por mes. Edward comenta que "
+"este modelo esta trabajando bien—bueno para los usuarios, bueno para los "
+"creadores, y bueno para la plataforma."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6054
msgid ""
"Customers then began asking for an application-programming interface (API), "
"which would allow Noun Project icons and symbols to be directly accessed "
"from within other applications. Edward knew that the icons and symbols would "
"be valuable in a lot of different contexts and that they couldn’t possibly "
-"know all of them in advance, so they built an API with a lot of flexibility. "
-"Knowing that most API applications would want to use the icons without "
-"giving attribution, the API was built with the aim of charging for its use. "
-"You can use what’s called the “Playground API” for free to test how it "
-"integrates with your application, but full implementation will require you "
-"to purchase the API Pro version."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4783
-msgid ""
-"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-"
+"know all of them in advance, so they built an API with a lot of "
+"flexibility. Knowing that most API applications would want to use the icons "
+"without giving attribution, the API was built with the aim of charging for "
+"its use. You can use what’s called the “Playground API” for free to test how "
+"it integrates with your application, but full implementation will require "
+"you to purchase the API Pro version."
+msgstr ""
+"Los clientes comenzaron a solicitar una API (application-programming "
+"interface), la cual permitiría a los íconos y símbolos del Noun Project ser "
+"directamente accesibles desde otras aplicaciones. Edward sabía que los "
+"íconos y símbolos serían valiosos en muchos contextos diferentes y que "
+"posiblemente ellos no conocerían todos ellos con antelación, entonces ellos "
+"contruyeron una API con mucha flexibilidad. Conociendo que la mayoría de las "
+"aplicaciones de las APIs querrían usar los íconos sin dar créditos, la API "
+"fue diseñada con la intención de cobrar por su uso. Se puede usar la llamada "
+"“Playground API” gratuitamente para probar cómo se integra con su "
+"aplicación, pero la implementación completa requerirá que se compre las "
+"versión API Pro."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6068
+msgid ""
+"The Noun Project shares revenue with its international designers. For one-"
"off purchases, the revenue is split 70 percent to the designer and 30 "
"percent to Noun Project."
msgstr ""
+"El Noun Project comparte ingresos con sus diseñadores internacionales. Para "
+"una compra de una vez, la ganancia se divide en 70 porciento para el "
+"diseñador y 30 porciento para Noun Project."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4792
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6073
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is "
+#| "split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue "
+#| "from subscriptions is divided by Noun Project’s total number of "
+#| "downloads, resulting in a rate per download—for example, it could be \\"
+#| "$0.13 per download for that month. For each download, the revenue is "
+#| "split 40 percent to the designer and 60 percent to the Noun Project. "
+#| "(For API usage, it’s per use instead of per download.) Noun Project’s "
+#| "share is higher this time as it’s providing more service to the user."
msgid ""
"The revenue from premium purchases (the subscription and API options) is "
"split a little differently. At the end of each month, the total revenue from "
"subscriptions is divided by Noun Project’s total number of downloads, "
-"resulting in a rate per download—for example, it could be \\$0.13 per "
-"download for that month. For each download, the revenue is split 40 percent "
-"to the designer and 60 percent to the Noun Project. (For API usage, it’s "
-"per use instead of per download.) Noun Project’s share is higher this time "
-"as it’s providing more service to the user."
+"resulting in a rate per download—for example, it could be $0.13 per download "
+"for that month. For each download, the revenue is split 40 percent to the "
+"designer and 60 percent to the Noun Project. (For API usage, it’s per use "
+"instead of per download.) Noun Project’s share is higher this time as it’s "
+"providing more service to the user."
+msgstr ""
+"Los ingresos de las compras premium (la suscripción y las opciones de la "
+"API ) se dividen de una manera diferente. Al final de cada mes, el total de "
+"los ingresos por subscripciones es dividido por el cantidad total de "
+"descargas en Noun Project, resultando en una tasa por descarga—por ejemplo, "
+"puede ser \\$0.13 por descarga para ese mes. Por cada descarga, las "
+"ganancias se dividen en 40 porciento para el diseñador y 60 porciento para "
+"el Noun Project. (Para el uso de la API, es por uso en vez de por descarga.) "
+"Lo compartido por Noun Project es mayor actualmente porque está "
+"proporcionando más servicios al usuario."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6085
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6157
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/#getting_paid\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4797
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6084
msgid ""
"The Noun Project tries to be completely transparent about their royalty "
-"structure.2 They tend to over communicate with creators about it because "
-"building trust is the top priority."
+"structure.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> They tend to over "
+"communicate with creators about it because building trust is the top "
+"priority."
msgstr ""
+"El Noun Project intenta ser completamente transparente acerca de su "
+"estructura de regalias.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Tienden a "
+"sobre-comunicarse con los creadores acerca de eso porque construir confianza "
+"es la principal prioridad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4803
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6089
msgid ""
"For most creators, contributing to the Noun Project is not a full-time job "
"but something they do on the side. Edward categorizes monthly earnings for "
"creators into three broad categories: enough money to buy beer; enough to "
"pay the bills; and most successful of all, enough to pay the rent."
msgstr ""
+"Para las mayoría de los creadores, contribuir con Noun Project no es un "
+"trabajo de tiempo completo pero es algo que hacen lateralmente. Edward "
+"categoriza mensualmente las ganancias para los creadores en tres categorias "
+"amplias: suficiente dinero para comprar cerveza; suficiente para pagar las "
+"cuentas; y el más exitoso de todos, suficiente para pagar la renta."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4815
-msgid ""
-"Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can use "
-"Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also "
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6096
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can "
+#| "use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but "
+#| "also their photos, illustrations, UX designs, et cetera. You simply drag "
+#| "any visual item directly into Lingo to save it. Lingo also works for "
+#| "teams so people can share visuals with each other and search across their "
+#| "combined collections. Lingo is free for personal use. A pro version for \\"
+#| "$9.99 per month lets you add guests. A team version for \\$49.95 per "
+#| "month allows up to twenty-five team members to collaborate, and to view, "
+#| "use, edit, and add new assets to each other’s collections. And if you "
+#| "subscribe to NounPro, you can access Noun Project from within Lingo."
+msgid ""
+"Recently the Noun Project launched a new app called Lingo. Designers can "
+"use Lingo to organize not just their Noun Project icons and symbols but also "
"their photos, illustrations, UX designs, et cetera. You simply drag any "
"visual item directly into Lingo to save it. Lingo also works for teams so "
"people can share visuals with each other and search across their combined "
-"collections. Lingo is free for personal use. A pro version for \\$9.99 per "
-"month lets you add guests. A team version for \\$49.95 per month allows up "
-"to twenty-five team members to collaborate, and to view, use, edit, and add "
-"new assets to each other’s collections. And if you subscribe to NounPro, "
-"you can access Noun Project from within Lingo."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4821
+"collections. Lingo is free for personal use. A pro version for $9.99 per "
+"month lets you add guests. A team version for $49.95 per month allows up to "
+"twenty-five team members to collaborate, and to view, use, edit, and add new "
+"assets to each other’s collections. And if you subscribe to NounPro, you "
+"can access Noun Project from within Lingo."
+msgstr ""
+"Recientemente Noun Project lanzó una app llamada Lingo. Los diseñadores "
+"pueden usar Lingo para organizar no solo sus iconos y símbolos en Noun "
+"Project sino también sus fotos e ilustraciones, diseños UX , et cetera. "
+"Usted simplemente jala un cualquier item visual directamente dentro de Lingo "
+"para salvarlo. Lingo también para los equipos de manera que las personas "
+"pueden compartir visuales mutuamente y buscar a través de sus colecciones "
+"combinadas. Lingo es gratuito para el uso personal. Una versión pro de \\"
+"$9.99 al mes le permite agregar invitados. Una versión para equipos de \\"
+"$49.95 al mes permite que hasta veinticinco miembros colaboren, y que "
+"observen, usen, editen, y agregen nuevos activos en las colecciones de cada "
+"uno. Y si se suscriben al Noun ProjectPro, pueden acceder al mismo desde "
+"Lingo."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6110
msgid ""
"The Noun Project gives a ton of value away for free. A very large percentage "
"of their roughly one million members have a free account, but there are "
"design agencies, educators, and others who need to communicate ideas "
"visually."
msgstr ""
+"El Noun Project da una tonelada de valor gratuitamente. Un gran porcentaje "
+"de sus casi un millon de miembros tienen una cuenta gratuita, pero aun hay "
+"montones de cuantas por pago de diseñadores digitales, agencias de "
+"publicidad y diseño, educadores, y otros quienes necesiten comunicar ideas "
+"visuales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4826
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6117
msgid ""
"For Edward, “creating, sharing, and celebrating the world’s visual language” "
"is the most important aspect of what they do; it’s their stated mission. It "
"differentiates them from others who offer graphics, icons, or clip art."
msgstr ""
+"Para Edward, “crear, compartir, y celebrar el lenguaje visual mundial” es el "
+"aspecto más importante de lo hacen ellos; es su misión declarada. Eso los "
+"diferencia de otros que ofrecen gráficos, iconos o imágenes predefinidas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4833
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6123
msgid ""
"Noun Project creators agree. When surveyed on why they participate in the "
-"Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the "
+"Noun Project, this is how designers rank their reasons: 1) to support the "
"Noun Project mission, 2) to promote their own personal brand, and 3) to "
"generate money. It’s striking to see that money comes third, and mission, "
"first. If you want to engage a global network of contributors, it’s "
"important to have a mission beyond making money."
msgstr ""
+"Los creadores del Noun Project estan deacuerdo. Cuando los encuestaron "
+"acerca de por qué participaban en el Noun Project, asi es como los "
+"diseñadores listaron sus razones: 1) para apoyar la misión del Noun "
+"Project, 2) para promover su propia marca personal, y 3) para generar "
+"dinero. Es sorprendente observar que el dinero viene en tercer lugar, y la "
+"misión , en primero. Si quiere comprometerse en una red global de "
+"contribuyentes, es importante tener una misión más allá de hacer dinero."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4838
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6132
msgid ""
"In Edward’s view, Creative Commons is central to their mission of sharing "
"and social good. Using Creative Commons makes the Noun Project’s mission "
"genuine and has generated a lot of their initial traction and credibility. "
"CC comes with a built-in community of users and fans."
msgstr ""
+"En la visión de Edward, Creative Commons es central para su misión de bien "
+"social y compartir. Usar Creative Commons hace a la misión del Noun Project "
+"genuina y ha generado mucho de su impulso inicial y credibilidad. CC viene "
+"dentro con una comunidad de usuarios y fans."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4846
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6139
msgid ""
"Edward told us, “Don’t underestimate the power of a passionate community "
"around your product or your business. They are going to go to bat for you "
"it. But you need to continue to foster that community through other "
"initiatives and continue to nurture it.”"
msgstr ""
+"Edward nos comentó, “No subestimen el poder de una comunidad apasionada "
+"alrededor de su producto o su negocio. Van a apoyarte cuando estes siendo "
+"destrozado en los medios. Si esoges la via de trabajar con Creative Commons, "
+"está dando el primer paso para construir una gran comunidad y sacara partido "
+"a una comunidad realmente impresionante que viene con ella. Pero necesita "
+"seguir fomentando esa comunidad a través de otras iniciativas y continuar "
+"alimentándola.\""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4851
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6149
msgid ""
"The Noun Project nurtures their creators’ second motivation—promoting a "
"personal brand—by connecting every icon and symbol to the creator’s name and "
"profile page; each profile features their full collection. Users can also "
"search the icons by the creator’s name."
msgstr ""
+"El Noun Project cultiva la segunda motivación de sus creadores—promover su "
+"propia marca—al conectar cada símbolo e ícono al nombre del creador y página "
+"de perfil; cada perfil muestra su colección completa. Los usuarios también "
+"pueden buscar los íconos por el nombre del creador."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4859
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6156
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for "
+#| "icons.2 In partnership with a sponsoring organization, the Noun Project "
+#| "comes up with a theme (e.g., sustainable energy, food bank, guerrilla "
+#| "gardening, human rights) and a list of icons that are needed, which "
+#| "designers are invited to create at the event. The results are vectorized, "
+#| "and added to the Noun Project using CC0 so they can be used by anyone for "
+#| "free."
msgid ""
"The Noun Project also builds community through Iconathons—hackathons for "
-"icons.2 In partnership with a sponsoring organization, the Noun Project "
-"comes up with a theme (e.g., sustainable energy, food bank, guerrilla "
-"gardening, human rights) and a list of icons that are needed, which "
-"designers are invited to create at the event. The results are vectorized, "
-"and added to the Noun Project using CC0 so they can be used by anyone for "
-"free."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4867
+"icons.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> In partnership with a "
+"sponsoring organization, the Noun Project comes up with a theme (e.g., "
+"sustainable energy, food bank, guerrilla gardening, human rights) and a list "
+"of icons that are needed, which designers are invited to create at the "
+"event. The results are vectorized, and added to the Noun Project using CC0 "
+"so they can be used by anyone for free."
+msgstr ""
+"El Noun Project tambien construye una comunidad a través de Iconotones—"
+"hackatones para íconos. En sociedad con una sociedad patrocinadora, el Noun "
+"Project llega con un tema (e.g., energía sustentable, bancos de alilmentos, "
+"horticultura guerrillera, derechos humanos) y una lista de iconos que son "
+"necesarios, los cuales los diseñadores estan invitados a crear en el evento. "
+"Los resultados son vectorizados, y agregados en el Noun Project usando la "
+"CC0 de tal manera que puedan ser usados por cualquiera gratuitamente."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6165
msgid ""
"Providing a free version of their product that satisfies a lot of their "
"customers’ needs has actually enabled the Noun Project to build the paid "
"world’s visual language. Integrating Creative Commons into their model has "
"been key to that goal."
msgstr ""
+"Proporcionar una versión libre de su producto que satisfaga muchas "
+"necesidades de sus clientes realmente le ha permitido al Noun Project "
+"construir la versión por pago, usando un modelo orientado a los servicios. "
+"El exito del Noun Project se encuentra en crear servicios y contenido qie "
+"sean una mezcla estratégica de gratuitos y por pago mientras se mantiendn "
+"honestos a su misión—crear, compartir, y celebrar el lenguaje visual "
+"mundial. Integrar Creative Commons dentro de su modelo ha sido clave para "
+"esa meta."
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873
-msgid ""
-"www.kickstarter.com/projects/tnp/building-a-free-collection-of-our-worlds-"
-"visual-sy/description"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873
-msgid "thenounproject.com/handbook/royalties/\\#getting\\_paid"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4873
-msgid "thenounproject.com/iconathon/"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4875
-msgid "## Open Data Institute"
-msgstr "## Open Data Institute"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6176
+msgid "Open Data Institute"
+msgstr "Open Data Institute"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4879
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6179
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute is an independent nonprofit that connects, equips, "
-"and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 "
+"and inspires people around the world to innovate with data. Founded in 2012 "
"in the UK."
msgstr ""
+"El Open Data Institute es una entidad no lucrativa independiente que "
+"conecta, equipa, e inspira a gente alrededor del mundo para inovar con "
+"datos. Fundada en 2012 en RU."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4881
-msgid "theodi.org"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6184
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4884
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6186
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Revenue model: grant and government funding, charging for custom "
+#| "services, donations"
msgid ""
-"Revenue model: grant and government funding, charging for custom services, "
-"donations"
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant and government "
+"funding, charging for custom services, donations"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de ingresos: financiamiento por subvenciones y gubernamental, cargos "
+"por servicios personalizados, donaciones"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4886
-msgid "Interview date: November 11, 2015"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6189
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: November 11, 2015"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 11, 2015"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 11 de noviembre, 2015"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4888
-msgid "Interviewee: Jeni Tennison, technical director"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6192
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: Jeni Tennison, technical director"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Jeni Tennison, technical "
+"director"
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Jeni Tennison, director técnico"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4898
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6200
msgid ""
"Cofounded by Sir Tim Berners-Lee and Sir Nigel Shadbolt in 2012, the London-"
"based Open Data Institute (ODI) offers data-related training, events, "
"consulting services, and research. For ODI, Creative Commons licenses are "
"central to making their own business model and their customers’ open. CC BY "
"(Attribution), CC BY-SA (Attribution-ShareAlike), and CC0 (placed in the "
-"public domain) all play a critical role in ODI’s mission to help people "
+"public domain) all play a critical role in ODI’s mission to help people "
"around the world innovate with data."
msgstr ""
+"Cofundado entre Sir Tim Berners-Lee y Sir Nigel Shadbolt en 2012, el Open "
+"Data Institute (ODI) con base en Londres ofrece capacitaciones realcionadas "
+"con los datos, actos, servicios de consultoría, e investigación. Para el "
+"ODI, las licencias Creative Commons son centrales para hacer a su propio "
+"modelo de negocios y al de sus clientes, abierto. CC BY (Attribution), CC BY-"
+"SA (Attribution-ShareAlike), y CC0 (placed in the public domain) juegan un "
+"rol crítico en la misión del ODI ayudando a las personas alrededor del mundo "
+"a inovar con los datos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4908
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6210
msgid ""
"Data underpins planning and decision making across all aspects of society. "
"Weather data helps farmers know when to plant their crops, flight time data "
"can help citizens improve their lives by better understanding what is "
"happening around them."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4914
+"Los datos respaldan la planificación y la toma de decisiones en todos los "
+"aspectos de la sociedad. Los datos climáticos ayudan a los granjeros a saber "
+"cuando plantar sus cosechas, los datos de los tiempos de vuelo de las "
+"compañías de aviación nos ayudan a planear nuestros viajes, los datos en "
+"vivienda local informan a las planeacion citadina. Cuando estos datos no "
+"solo son precisos y en tiempo, pero abiertos y accesibles, abren nuevas "
+"posibilidades. Los datos abiertos pueden ser un recurso que los negocios "
+"usan para construir nuevos productos y servicios. Pueden ayudar a los "
+"gobiernos a medir el progreso, mejorar la eficiencia, y asignar las "
+"inversiones. Pueden ayudar a los ciudadanos a mejorar sus vidas al "
+"permitirles entender mejor qué es lo que esta pasando alrededor de ellos."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6222
msgid ""
"The Open Data Institute’s 2012–17 business plan starts out by describing its "
"vision to establish itself as a world-leading center and to research and be "
"policy. (The government was an early pioneer in open policy and open-data "
"initiatives.) It goes on to say that the ODI wants to—"
msgstr ""
+"El plan de negocios 2012-17 del Open Data Institute comienza describiendo su "
+"visión para establecerse como un centro de lider mundial y para investigar y "
+"ser inovador con las oportunidades creadas por la política de datos abiertos "
+"del gobierno del RU. (El gobierno fue un pionero en iniciativas de "
+"políticas abiertas y de datos abiertos.) Continua diciendo que el ODI "
+"quiere —"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6232
msgid ""
"demonstrate the commercial value of open government data and how open-data "
"policies affect this;"
msgstr ""
+"demostrar el valor comercial de los datos de gobierno abiertos y cómo las "
+"políticas de datos abiertos afectan esto;"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6238
msgid "develop the economic benefits case and business models for open data;"
msgstr ""
+"desarrollar el caso del beneficio económico y el modelos de negocios para "
+"los datos abiertos;"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6244
msgid "help UK businesses use open data; and"
+msgstr "ayudar a los negocios del RU a usar los datos abiertos; y"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6249
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6."
+"cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6."
+"cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-business-plan-may-release.pdf\"/>"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4921
-msgid "show how open data can improve public services.1"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6249
+msgid ""
+"show how open data can improve public services.<placeholder type=\"footnote"
+"\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"mostrar cómo los datos abiertos pueden mejorar los servicios públicos."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4929
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6254
msgid ""
"ODI is very explicit about how it wants to make open business models, and "
"defining what this means. Jeni Tennison, ODI’s technical director, puts it "
"cuts across both, with an emphasis on where they overlap—with open data.” "
"ODI’s particular focus is to show open data’s potential for revenue."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4935
+"El ODI es muy explícito acerca de cómo quiere hacer los modelos de negocios "
+"abiertos, y definiendo lo que esto significa. Jeni Tennison, director "
+"técnico de ODI, lo puso de esta manera:\"Hay todo un ecosistema de abiertos—"
+"software de código abierto, gobierno abierto, investigación de acceso abierto"
+"—y todo un ecosistema de datos. El trabajo de ODI pasa entre ambos, con un "
+"énfasis donde ellos se traslapan—con los datos abiertos.\" El enfoque "
+"particular del ODI es mostrar el potencial de los datos abiertos para los "
+"ingresos."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6264
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from "
+#| "the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in "
+#| "science and technology. For this funding, ODI has to secure matching "
+#| "funds from other sources, some of which were met through a \\$4.75-"
+#| "million investment from the Omidyar Network."
msgid ""
"As an independent nonprofit, ODI secured £10 million over five years from "
"the UK government via Innovate UK, an agency that promotes innovation in "
"science and technology. For this funding, ODI has to secure matching funds "
-"from other sources, some of which were met through a \\$4.75-million "
+"from other sources, some of which were met through a $4.75-million "
"investment from the Omidyar Network."
msgstr ""
+"Como una entidad independiente y sin ánimo de lucro, el ODI aseguró £10 "
+"millones durante cinco años de parte del gobierno del RU a través de "
+"Innovate UK, una agencia que promueve la inovación en ciencia y tecnología. "
+"Por este financiamiento, el ODI tiene que asegurar fondos complementarios "
+"de otras fuentes, algunas de las cuales fueron cubiertas a través de una "
+"inversión de \\$4.75 millones de la Omidyar Network."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4941
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6272
msgid ""
"Jeni started out as a developer and technical architect for data.gov.uk, the "
-"UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets "
+"UK government’s pioneering open-data initiative. She helped make data sets "
"from government departments available as open data. She joined ODI in 2012 "
"when it was just starting up, as one of six people. It now has a staff of "
"about sixty."
msgstr ""
+"Jeni comenzó su carrera como una desarrolladora y arquitecta técnica para "
+"data.gov.uk, la iniciativa pionera de datos abiertos del gobierno del RU. "
+"Ayudó para hacer a los conjuntos de datos de los departamentos de gobierno "
+"disponibles como datos abiertos. Se unió al ODI en 2012 cuando estaba "
+"comenzando, como una de seis personas que lo conformaban. Actualmente tiene "
+"un staff de sesenta."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4948
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6279
msgid ""
"ODI strives to have half its annual budget come from the core UK government "
"and Omidyar grants, and the other half from project-based research and "
"establishes some stability, but also keeps them motivated to go out and "
"generate these matching funds in response to market needs."
msgstr ""
+"El ODI se esfuerza para tener la mitad de su presupuesto anual procedente de "
+"las subvenciones del gobierno del RU y Omidyar, y la otra mitad de la "
+"investigación basada en proyectos y el trabajo comercial. En la opinión de "
+"Jeni, tener este balance de fuentes de ingreso dá una estabilidad, pero "
+"tmabién los mantiene motivados para salir y generar esos fondos "
+"complementarios en respuesta a las necesidades del mercado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4951
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6287
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, ODI generates funding through memberships, training, "
"and advisory services."
msgstr ""
+"En el lado comercial, el ODI genera fondos a través de membresías, "
+"capacitación, y servicios de asesoría."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4962
-msgid ""
-"You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual "
-"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. "
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6302
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://directory.theodi.org/members\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6291
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual "
+#| "membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. "
+#| "Members receive a newsletter and related communications and a discount on "
+#| "ODI training courses and the annual summit, and they can display an ODI-"
+#| "supporter badge on their website. Commercial membership is divided into "
+#| "two tiers: small to medium size enterprises and nonprofits at £720 a "
+#| "year, and corporations and government organizations at £2,200 a year. "
+#| "Commercial members have greater opportunities to connect and collaborate, "
+#| "explore the benefits of open data, and unlock new business opportunities. "
+#| "(All members are listed on their website.)2"
+msgid ""
+"You can join the ODI as an individual or commercial member. Individual "
+"membership is pay-what-you-can, with options ranging from £1 to £100. "
"Members receive a newsletter and related communications and a discount on "
"ODI training courses and the annual summit, and they can display an ODI-"
"supporter badge on their website. Commercial membership is divided into two "
"corporations and government organizations at £2,200 a year. Commercial "
"members have greater opportunities to connect and collaborate, explore the "
"benefits of open data, and unlock new business opportunities. (All members "
-"are listed on their website.)2"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4974
+"are listed on their website.)<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"Usted se puede unir al ODI como individuo o miembro comercial. Las "
+"membresías individuales son paga-lo-que-puedas, con opciones dentro del "
+"rango de £1 a £100. Los miembros reciben un periódico, comunicados "
+"relacionados y descuentos en cursos de capacitaciones ODI y la cumbre anual, "
+"y ellos pueden exhibir un distintivo en su sitio web de apoyador-ODI. Las "
+"membresias comerciales están divididas en dos niveles: las pequeñas y "
+"medianas empresas y entidades no lucrativas a £720 por año, y corporativos y "
+"organizacinoes gubernamentales a £2,200 por año. Los miembros comerciales "
+"tienen mayores oportunidades de conectarse y colaborar, explorarr los "
+"beneficios de los datos abiertos, y abrir nuevas oportunidades. (Todos "
+"miembros son listados en su sitio web.)2"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6305
msgid ""
"ODI provides standardized open data training courses in which anyone can "
"enroll. The initial idea was to offer an intensive and academically oriented "
"sector organizations sometimes give vouchers to their employees so they can "
"attend as a form of professional development."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4982
+"El ODI proporciona cursos de capacitación estandarizados de datos abiertos "
+"en los cuales cualquiera se puede suscribir. Al comienzo la idea era ofrecer "
+"un diplomado intensivo y académicamente orientado a los datos abiertos, pero "
+"rápidamente se volvió claro que no había mercado para eso. En vez de eso, "
+"ofrecieron un curso de capacitación público de cinco dias; ahora el curso "
+"más popular es de un dia. La cuota, adicionalmente al compromiso, puede ser "
+"una barrera para la participación. Jeni comentó, “La mayoría de las personas "
+"que podrían pagarlo no saben que lo necesitan. La mayoría de los que saben "
+"que lo necesitan no lo pueden pagar.” Las organizaciones del sector público "
+"algunas veces dan vouchers a sus empleados de tal manera que puedan asistir "
+"como una forma de desarrollo profesional."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6319
msgid ""
"ODI customizes training for clients as well, for which there is more demand. "
"Custom training usually emerges through an established relationship with an "
"their high-level executives, management, and technical staff. The training "
"tends to generate high interest and commitment."
msgstr ""
+"El ODI personaliza la capacitación para sus clientes, para los cuales hay "
+"más demanda. Las capacitaciones personalizadas usualmente emergen a través "
+"una relación establesida con una organización. El programa de capacitación "
+"está basado en una definición del conocimiento de datos abiertos que sea "
+"aplicable a la organización y en las habilidades necesitadas por sus "
+"ejecutivos de alto nivel, administradores y equipo técnico. La capacitación "
+"tiende a generar gran interés y compromiso."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4989
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6328
msgid ""
"Education about open data is also a part of ODI’s annual summit event, where "
"curated presentations and speakers showcase the work of ODI and its members "
"public, and hundreds of people and organizations attend and participate. In "
"2014, there were four thematic tracks and over 750 attendees."
msgstr ""
+"La educación acerca de los datos abiertos es también parte del evento de la "
+"cumbre anual del ODI, donde con presentaciones trabajadas y conferencistas "
+"se exhiben el trabajo del ODI y sus miembros a través del ecosistema entero. "
+"Los boletos para la cumbre están disponibles para el público, y cientos de "
+"personas y organizaciones asisten y participan. En 2014, hubo cuatro "
+"temáticas principales y más de 750 asistentes."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4996
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6336
msgid ""
"In addition to memberships and training, ODI provides advisory services to "
"help with technical-data support, technology development, change management, "
"on government, but ODI is working to shift more toward commercial "
"organizations."
msgstr ""
+"Adicionalmente a las membresías y la capacitación, el ODI proporciona "
+"servicios de consultoría para ayudar con el soporte técnico de los datos, "
+"desarrollo de técnología , gestión de cambios, políticas, y otras áreas. El "
+"ODI ha aconsejado a las grandes organizaciones comenrciales, negocios "
+"pequeños, y gobiernos internacionales; actualmente el enfoque es en "
+"gobierno, pero el ODI está trabajando para desplazarse más hacia las "
+"organizaciones comerciales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:4999
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6345
msgid ""
"On the commercial side, the following value propositions seem to resonate:"
msgstr ""
+"Del lado comercial, las siguiente proposiciones de valor parecen resonar:"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6351
msgid ""
"Data-driven insights. Businesses need data from outside their business to "
"get more insight. Businesses can generate value and more effectively pursue "
"their own goals if they open up their own data too. Big data is a hot topic."
msgstr ""
+"Entendimiento basado en la información. Los negocios necesitan datos fuera "
+"de sus negocios para obtener entendimiento. Los negocios pueden generar "
+"valor y perseguir más efectivamente sus propias metas si abren sus propios "
+"datos también. Los datos abiertos son un tópico candente."
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6359
msgid ""
"Open innovation. Many large-scale enterprises are aware they don’t innovate "
"very well. One way they can innovate is to open up their data. ODI "
"is to invite other people to help while still maintaining organizational "
"autonomy."
msgstr ""
+"Inovación abierta. Muchas de las grandes empresas están conscientes de que "
+"no inovan muy bien. Un medio en que pueden hacerlo es abrir sus datos. El "
+"ODI los motiva para hacerlo incluso si exponen problemas y desafíos. Lo "
+"principal es invitar a otras personas para ayudar mientras aún se mantien la "
+"autonomía organizativa."
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5014
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6368
msgid ""
"Corporate social responsibility. While this resonates with businesses, ODI "
"cautions against having it be the sole reason for making data open. If a "
"business is just thinking about open data as a way to be transparent and "
"accountable, they can miss out on efficiencies and opportunities."
msgstr ""
+"Responsabilidad social corporativa. Mientras esto resuena con los negocios, "
+"el ODI previene en contra de tenerlo como la única razón para hacer a los "
+"datos abiertos. Si un negocio está pensando acerca de abrir los datos como "
+"una manera de ser transparente y rendir cuentas, pueden perder en eficiencia "
+"y oportunidades."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5022
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6377
msgid ""
"During their early years, ODI wanted to focus solely on the United Kingdom. "
"But in their first year, large delegations of government visitors from over "
"contracted as a service provider to international governments, which "
"prompted a need to set up international ODI “nodes.”"
msgstr ""
+"Durante los primeros años, el ODI quería enfocarse solamente en el Reino "
+"Unido. Pero en el primer año, grandes delegaciones de visitantes "
+"gubernamentales de más de cincuenta países querían aprender más acerca de "
+"las prácticas de datos abiertos del gobierno del RU y cómo el ODI observó "
+"eso traducirse en valor económico. Fueron contratados como un proveedor de "
+"servicios para gobiernos internacionales, quienes mostraron una necesidad de "
+"crear “nodos” internacionales del ODI."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5032
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6386
msgid ""
-"Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by "
+"Nodes are franchises of the ODI at a regional or city level. Hosted by "
"existing (for-profit or not-for-profit) organizations, they operate locally "
"but are part of the global network. Each ODI node adopts the charter, a set "
-"of guiding principles and rules under which ODI operates. They develop and "
+"of guiding principles and rules under which ODI operates. They develop and "
"deliver training, connect people and businesses through membership and "
"events, and communicate open-data stories from their part of the world. "
"There are twenty-seven different nodes across nineteen countries. ODI nodes "
"are charged a small fee to be part of the network and to use the brand."
msgstr ""
+"Los nodos son franquicias del ODI en un nivel regional o de ciudad. "
+"Hospedados por organizaciones (con animo de lucro o sin lucro) existentes, "
+"operan localmente, pero son parte de la red global. Cada nodo del ODI adopta "
+"la carta constitutiva, un conjunto de principios guía y reglas bajo las "
+"cuales el ODI opera. Desarrollan y entregan capacitaciones, conectan "
+"personas y negocios a través de membresias y eventos, y comunican historias "
+"de datos abiertos de su parte del mundo. Existen veintisiete nodos "
+"diferentes a través de diecinueve naciones. A dos nodos ODI se les cobra una "
+"pequeña cuota por ser parte de la red y usar la marca."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6400
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url="
+"\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://theodi.org/odi-startup-programme\"/>; <ulink url="
+"\"http://theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5036
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6398
msgid ""
"ODI also runs programs to help start-ups in the UK and across Europe develop "
"a sustainable business around open data, offering mentoring, advice, "
-"training, and even office space.3"
+"training, and even office space.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"El ODI también tiene programas para ayudar a las start-ups en el RU y a "
+"través de Europa a desarrollar un negocio sostenible alrededor de los datos "
+"abiertos, ofreciendo mentoría, consejo, capacitación, e incluso espacio para "
+"oficinas.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5044
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6404
msgid ""
-"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. "
+"A big part of ODI’s business model revolves around community building. "
"Memberships, training, summits, consulting services, nodes, and start-up "
-"programs create an ever-growing network of open-data users and leaders. (In "
+"programs create an ever-growing network of open-data users and leaders. (In "
"fact, ODI even operates something called an Open Data Leaders Network.) For "
"ODI, community is key to success. They devote significant time and effort to "
"build it, not just online but through face-to-face events."
msgstr ""
+"Una gran parte del modelo de negocios del ODI se gesta alrededor de la "
+"construcción comunitaria. Las membresías, capacitaciones, cumbres, servicios "
+"de consultoría, nodos, y los programos para start-ups crean un red creciente "
+"de lideres y usuarios de datos abiertos.(De hecho, los eventos del ODI "
+"operan algo llamado la Open Data Leaders Network.) Para el ODI, la comunidad "
+"es fundamental para triunfar. Dedican tiempo y esfuerzos significativos para "
+"construirla, no únicamente enlinea sino a través de eventos cara-a-cara."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5050
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6418
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://certificates.theodi.org\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6413
msgid ""
"ODI has created an online tool that organizations can use to assess the "
"legal, practical, technical, and social aspects of their open data. If it is "
"of high quality, the organization can earn ODI’s Open Data Certificate, a "
"globally recognized mark that signals that their open data is useful, "
-"reliable, accessible, discoverable, and supported.4"
+"reliable, accessible, discoverable, and supported.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"El ODI ha creado una herramienta enlinea que las organizaciones pueden "
+"utilizarla para evaluar los aspectos legales, prácticos, técnicos, y "
+"sociales de sus datos abiertos. Si es de alta calidad, la organización puede "
+"ganar el Open Data Certificate (certificado de datos abiertos ) de la ODI, "
+"una marca reconocida globalmente que declara que sus datos abiertos son "
+"usables, confiables, accesibles, descubribles, y que están soportados."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5055
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6421
msgid ""
"Separate from commercial activities, the ODI generates funding through "
"research grants. Research includes looking at evidence on the impact of open "
"data, development of open-data tools and standards, and how to deploy open "
"data at scale."
msgstr ""
+"Separado de las actividades comerciales, el ODI genera fondos a través del "
+"financiamiento a la investigación. La investigación incluye examinar la "
+"evidencia sobre el impacto de los datos abiertos, desarrollo de estándares y "
+"herramientas de datos abiertos, y cómo implementar los datos abiertos en "
+"escala."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5060
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6427
msgid ""
"Creative Commons 4.0 licenses cover database rights and ODI recommends CC "
"BY, CC BY-SA, and CC0 for data releases. ODI encourages publishers of data "
"to use Creative Commons licenses rather than creating new “open licenses” of "
"their own."
msgstr ""
+"Las licencias Creative Commons 4.0 cubren los derechos de bases de datos y "
+"el ODI recomienda CC BY, CC BY-SA, y CC0 para la liberacion de datos. El ODI "
+"alienta a los publicadores de datos a usar las licencias Creative Commons en "
+"vez de crear “licencias abiertas” de su autoría."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5076
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6433
msgid ""
"For ODI, open is at the heart of what they do. They also release any "
"software code they produce under open-source-software licenses, and "
"Disseminating stories, research, guidance, and code under an open license is "
"essential for achieving that mission. It also demonstrates that it is "
"perfectly possible to generate sustainable revenue streams that do not rely "
-"on restrictive licensing of content, data, or code. People pay to have ODI "
+"on restrictive licensing of content, data, or code. People pay to have ODI "
"experts provide training to them, not for the content of the training; "
"people pay for the advice ODI gives them, not for the methodologies they "
"use. Producing open content, data, and source code helps establish "
"According to Jeni, “The biggest lesson we have learned is that it is "
"completely possible to be open, get customers, and make money.”"
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5080
+"Para el ODI, abierto está en el corazón de lo que hacen. También liberan "
+"cualquier código de software que ellos produzcan bajo las licencias de "
+"código abierto, y publicaciones y reportes bajo las licencias CC BY o CC BY-"
+"SA. La misión del ODI es conectar y equipar a las personas alrededor del "
+"mundo de manera que puedan inovar con los datos. Diseminar historias, "
+"investigación, orientación, y código bajo licencias abiertas es esencial "
+"para alcanzar esa misión. También demuestra que es perfectamente posible "
+"generar flujos de ingresos sostenibles que no dependan de licencias de "
+"contenido restrictivas, datos, o código. La gente paga para tener a los "
+"expertos del ODI proporcionandoles capacitación, no por los contenidos de la "
+"capacitación; la gente paga por los consejos que les proporciona el ODI, no "
+"por las metodologías que usan. Producir contenido abierto, datos, y código "
+"fuente ayuda a establecer credibilidad y crea conductos para los servicios "
+"por pago que ofrecen. De acuerdo con Jeni, “La mayor lección que aprendimos "
+"es que es completamente posible ser abierto, conseguir clientes, y hacer "
+"dinero.”"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6451
msgid ""
"To serve as evidence of a successful open business model and return on "
-"investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here "
+"investment, ODI has a public dashboard of key performance indicators. Here "
"are a few metrics as of April 27, 2016:"
msgstr ""
+"Para que sirva de evidencia de un modelo de negocios abierto exitoso y del "
+"retorno de inversión, el ODI tiene una página web pública de indicadores de "
+"desempeño fundamentales. He aquí unas cuantas mediciones a pertir del 27 de "
+"Abril de 2016:"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6459
msgid ""
"Total amount of cash investments unlocked in direct investments in ODI, "
"competition funding, direct contracts, and partnerships, and income that ODI "
"nodes and ODI start-ups have generated since joining the ODI program: £44.5 "
"million"
msgstr ""
+"La cantidad total de las inversiones de efectivo desbloqueadas en "
+"inversiones directas en el ODI, financiamiento de la competencia, contratos "
+"directos y asociaciones, y los ingresos que los nodos y las nuevas empresas "
+"del ODI han generado desde su incorporación al programa ODI: £ 44.5 millones"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6467
msgid "Total number of active members and nodes across the globe: 1,350"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Número total de miembros activos y nodos alrededor del mundo: 1,350"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6473
msgid "Total sales since ODI began: £7.44 million"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Ventas totales desde que comenzó el ODI: £7.44 millones"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6478
msgid ""
"Total number of unique people reached since ODI began, in person and online: "
"2.2 million"
msgstr ""
+"Número total de personas individuales alcanzadas desde que comenzó el ODI, "
+"en persona y enlinea: 2.2 millones"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6484
msgid "Total Open Data Certificates created: 151,000"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5092
-msgid ""
-"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: 5,0805"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Total de certificados de Open Data creados: 151, 000"
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
-msgid ""
-"e642e8368e3bf8d5526e-464b4b70b4554c1a79566214d402739e.r6.cf3.rackcdn.com/odi-"
-"business-plan-may-release.pdf"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
-msgid "directory.theodi.org/members"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6490
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://dashboards.theodi.org/company/all\"/>"
-#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6489
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: "
+#| "5,0805"
msgid ""
-"theodi.org/odi-startup-programme; theodi.org/open-data-incubator-for-europe"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
-msgid "certificates.theodi.org"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5101
-msgid "dashboards.theodi.org/company/all"
+"Total number of people trained by ODI and its nodes since ODI began: "
+"5,080<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"Número total de personas capacitadas por el ODI y sus nodos desde que el ODI "
+"comenzó: 50,805"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5103
-msgid "## OpenDesk"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6496
+msgid "OpenDesk"
+msgstr "OpenDesk"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5107
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6499
msgid ""
"Opendesk is a for-profit company offering an online platform that connects "
"furniture designers around the world with customers and local makers who "
-"bring the designs to life. Founded in 2014 in the UK."
+"bring the designs to life. Founded in 2014 in the UK."
msgstr ""
+"Opendesk es una compañía de lucro que ofrece una plataforma enlinea que "
+"conecta a los diseñadores de mobiliario alrededor del mundo con clientes y "
+"creadores locales quienes traen el diseño a la vida. Fundada en 2014 en el "
+"RU."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5109
-msgid "www.opendesk.cc"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6505
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5111
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7062
-msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6507
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8922
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Revenue model: charging a transaction fee"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging a transaction "
+"fee"
+msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: cargos por una cuota de transacción"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5113
-msgid "Interview date: November 4, 2015"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6510
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: November 4, 2015"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: November 4, 2015"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 4 de noviembre, 2015"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5115
-msgid "Interviewees: Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner, cofounders"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6513
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewees: Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner, cofounders"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Nick Ierodiaconou and "
+"Joni Steiner, cofounders"
+msgstr "Entrevistados: Nick Ierodiaconou y Joni Steiner, cofundadores"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5122
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6521
msgid ""
"Opendesk is an online platform that connects furniture designers around the "
"world not just with customers but also with local registered makers who "
"bring the designs to life. Opendesk and the designer receive a portion of "
"every sale that is made by a maker."
msgstr ""
+"Opendesk es una plataforma enlinea que conecta a los diseñadores de "
+"mobiliario alrededor del mundo no solo con los clientes sino también con los "
+"creadores locales registrados quienes traen a los diseños a la vida. "
+"Opendesk y el diseñador reciben una porción de cada venta que es realizada "
+"por un creador."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5137
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6527
msgid ""
"Cofounders Nick Ierodiaconou and Joni Steiner studied and worked as "
"architects together. They also made goods. Their first client was Mint "
"two projects ultimately went on separate paths, with Wikihouse becoming a "
"nonprofit foundation and Opendesk a for-profit company."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5143
+"Los cofundadores Nick Ierodiaconou estudiaron y trabajaron como arquitectos "
+"juntos. También hicieron bienes. Su primer cliente fue Mint Digital, quien "
+"tenía interes en las licencias abiertas. Nick y Joni estaban explorando la "
+"fabricación digital, y el interes de Mint en el licencimiento abierto los "
+"llevó a pensar como el mundo del código abierto podía interactuar y aplicar "
+"a los bienes físicos. Buscaron diseñar algo para el cliente que también "
+"fuera reproducible. Como lo plantearon, decidieron \"enviar la receta, pero "
+"no el producto.\" Crearon el diseño usando software, lo pusieron bajo una "
+"licencia abierta, y lo manufacturaron localmente cerca del cliente. Esto fue "
+"el comienzo de la idea para Opendesk. La idea para el Wikihouse—otro "
+"proyecto abierto dedicado a la vivienda accesible para todos—comenzó como "
+"una discusión alrededor de la misma mesa. Los dos proyectos al final tomaron "
+"caminos separados, con Wikihouse volviendose una fundación sin ánimo de "
+"lucro y Opendesk en una campañía de lucro."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6544
msgid ""
"When Nick and Joni set out to create Opendesk, there were a lot of questions "
"about the viability of distributed manufacturing. No one was doing it in a "
"way that was even close to realistic or competitive. The design community "
"had the intent, but fulfilling this vision was still a long way away."
msgstr ""
+"Cuando Nick y Joni se propusieron crear Opendesk, hubo muchas interrogantes "
+"acerca de la viabilidad de manufactura distribuida. Nadie lo estaba haciendo "
+"de una manera que fuera cercanamente realista o competitiva. La comunidad "
+"del diseño tenía la intención, pero completar esa visión estaba todavía "
+"lejos del camino."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5153
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6551
msgid ""
"And now this sector is emerging, and Nick and Joni are highly interested in "
"the commercialization aspects of it. As part of coming up with a business "
"ownership? In the end, they decided there was no need to reinvent the wheel "
"and settled on using Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
+"Y ahora el sector está emergiendo, y Nick y Joni estan altamente interesados "
+"en los aspectos de la comercialización de ello. Como parte de llegar con "
+"un modelo de negocios, empezaron a investigar la propiedad intelectual y las "
+"opciones de licenciamiento. Era un espacio espinoso, especialmente para los "
+"diseñadores. Justo qué aspecto de un diseño puede tener derechos de autor?"
+"¿ Qué es patentable?¿ Cómo puden el permitir la colaboración digital y la "
+"distribución ser balanceados contra los deseos del diseñador de aún "
+"mantener la propiedad? Al final, decidieron que no había necesidad de "
+"reinventar la rueda y decidieron usar las Creative Commons."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5159
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6562
msgid ""
"When designing the Opendesk system, they had two goals. They wanted anyone, "
"anywhere in the world, to be able to download designs so that they could be "
"their designs were sold. Coming up with a business model was going to be "
"complex."
msgstr ""
+"Cuando diseñaban el sistema de Opendesk, tenían dos metas. Querían que "
+"cualquiera, en cualquier parte del mundo, fuera capaz de descargar diseños "
+"de tal manera que pudieran ser manufacturados localment, y querían un modelo "
+"viable que beneficiara a los diseñadores cuando sus diseños se vendieran. "
+"Salir con un modelo de negocios iba a ser complejo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5163
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6569
msgid ""
"They gave a lot of thought to three angles—the potential for social sharing, "
"allowing designers to choose their license, and the impact these choices "
"would have on the business model."
msgstr ""
+"Pensaron mucho en tres ángulos —el potencial de la colaboración social, "
+"permitir a los diseñadores escoger sus licencias, y el impacto que estas "
+"decisiones en el modelo de negocios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5169
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6574
msgid ""
"In support of social sharing, Opendesk actively advocates for (but doesn’t "
"demand) open licensing. And Nick and Joni are agnostic about which Creative "
"choose from the full suite of Creative Commons licenses, deciding for "
"themselves how open or closed they want to be."
msgstr ""
+"En soporte de la colaboración social, Opendesk activamente promueve (pero no "
+"demanda) el licenciamiento abierto. Nick y Joni son agnósticos acerca de "
+"cuál licencia Creative Commons es usada; es decisión del diseñador. Pueden "
+"ser licencias propietarias o pueden escoger del grupo completo de licencias "
+"Creative Commons, decidiendo por sí mismos que tan abiertos o cerrados "
+"quieren ser."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5174
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6585
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/designers\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6582
msgid ""
-"For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They "
+"For the most part, designers love the idea of sharing content. They "
"understand that you get positive feedback when you’re attributed, what Nick "
"and Joni called “reputational glow.” And Opendesk does an awesome job "
-"profiling the designers.1"
+"profiling the designers.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"En su mayoría, los diseñadores aman la idea de compartir contenido. "
+"Entienden que reciben realimentación positiva cuando se les dá crédito, lo "
+"que Nick y Joni llamaron “atractivo reputacional.” Y Opendesk hace un "
+"magnífico trabajo perfilando a los diseñadores.<placeholder type=\"footnote"
+"\" id=\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5179
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6588
msgid ""
"While designers are largely OK with personal sharing, there is a concern "
"that someone will take the design and manufacture the furniture in bulk, "
"with the designer not getting any benefits. So most Opendesk designers "
"choose the Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC)."
msgstr ""
+"Mientras los diseñadores estan de acuerdo en su mayoría con el compartir "
+"individual, hay una preocupación de que alguien va a tomar el diseño y "
+"manufacturar el mobiliario en volumen, sin que el diseñador obtenga algún "
+"beneficio. Por lo que la mayoría de los diseñadores Opendesk escogen la "
+"licencia Attributtion-NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5188
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6595
msgid ""
"Anyone can download a design and make it themselves, provided it’s for "
-"noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can "
+"noncommercial use — and there have been many, many downloads. Or users can "
"buy the product from Opendesk, or from a registered maker in Opendesk’s "
-"network, for on-demand personal fabrication. The network of Opendesk makers "
+"network, for on-demand personal fabrication. The network of Opendesk makers "
"currently is made up of those who do digital fabrication using a computer-"
"controlled CNC (Computer Numeric Control) machining device that cuts shapes "
"out of wooden sheets according to the specifications in the design file."
msgstr ""
+"Cualquiera puede descargar un diseño y hacerlo por sí mismo, proporcionado "
+"para su uso no comercial —y han tenido muchas, muchas descargas. O los "
+"usuarios pueden comprar el producto de Opendesk, o de un creador registrado "
+"en la red de Opendesk, para una fabricación personal bajo demanda. La red de "
+"creadores Opendesk actualmente está integrada por aquellos quienes hacen "
+"manufactura digital usando una máquina de control numérico (Computer Numeric "
+"Control) que corta formas de las hojas de madera de acuerdo a las "
+"especificaciones en el archivo de diseño."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6612
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5196
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6605
msgid ""
"Makers benefit from being part of Opendesk’s network. Making furniture for "
"local customers is paid work, and Opendesk generates business for them. Joni "
"because we built a site where people could write in about their "
"capabilities. Building the community by learning from the maker community is "
"how we have moved forward.” Opendesk now has relationships with hundreds of "
-"makers in countries all around the world.2"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5200
-msgid ""
-"The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model "
+"makers in countries all around the world.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"Los creadores se benefician de ser parte de la red de Opendesk. Elaborar "
+"mobilario para los clientes locales es un trabajo pagado, y Opendesk genera "
+"negocios para ellos. Joni comentó, “Encontrar una comunidad y una red "
+"completa de creadores fue bastante sencillo porque construimos en sitio "
+"donde las personas podían escribir ahí acerca de sus capacidades. Construir "
+"la comunidad del aprendizaje de la comunidad de creadores es como nos hemos "
+"avanzado.” Actualmente Opendesk tiene relaciones con cientos de creadores en "
+"países alrededor del mundo.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6615
+msgid ""
+"The makers are a critical part of the Opendesk business model. Their model "
"builds off the makers’ quotes. Here’s how it’s expressed on Opendesk’s "
"website:"
msgstr ""
+"Los creadores son una parte crítica del modelo de negocios de Opendesk. Su "
+"modelo se basa en las cotizaciones de los creadores. Asi es como se expresa "
+"en el sitio web de Opendesk:"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5203
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6620
msgid ""
"When customers buy an Opendesk product directly from a registered maker, "
"they pay:"
msgstr ""
+"Cuando los clientes compran un producto Opendesk directamente de un creador "
+"registrado, ellos pagan:"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6626
msgid ""
"the manufacturing cost as set by the maker (this covers material and labour "
"costs for the product to be manufactured and any extra assembly costs "
"charged by the maker)"
msgstr ""
+"el costo de manufactura fijado por el creador (esto cubre el material y los "
+"costos de fabricación del producto que será manufacturado y cualquier costo "
+"extra por ensamblado cargado por el creador)"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6633
msgid ""
"a design fee for the designer (a design fee that is paid to the designer "
"every time their design is used)"
msgstr ""
+"una cuota por diseño para el diseñador (una cuota por diseño que es pagada "
+"al diseñador cada vez que su diseño es usado)"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6639
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the Opendesk platform (this supports the infrastructure "
"and ongoing development of the platform that helps us build out our "
"marketplace)"
msgstr ""
+"una cuota de porcentaje para la plataforma Opendesk (esto apoya la "
+"infraestructura y el desarrollo continuo de la plataforma que nos ayuda a "
+"contruir nuestro mercado)"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6646
msgid ""
"a percentage fee to the channel through which the sale is made (at the "
"moment this is Opendesk, but in the future we aim to open this up to third-"
"party sellers who can sell Opendesk products through their own channels—this "
"covers sales and marketing fees for the relevant channel)"
msgstr ""
+"una cuota de porcentaje para el canal a través del cuál la venta fue "
+"realizada (en este momento es Opendesk, pero en el futuro esperamos abrir "
+"esto a vendedores externos quienes puedan vender productos Opendesk a través "
+"de sus propios canales—esto cubre ventas y cuotas de marketing para el canal "
+"relevante)"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6655
msgid ""
"a local delivery service charge (the delivery is typically charged by the "
"maker, but in some cases may be paid to a third-party delivery partner)"
msgstr ""
+"un cargo por servicio local de entregas (la entrega es típicamente cargada "
+"por el creador, pero en algunos casos puede ser pagada a un servicio de "
+"entrega externo asociado)"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6662
msgid ""
"charges for any additional services the customer chooses, such as on-site "
"assembly (additional services are discretionary—in many cases makers will be "
"happy to quote for assembly on-site and designers may offer bespoke design "
"options)"
msgstr ""
+"cargos por cualquier servicio adicional que seleccione el cliente, tales "
+"como ensamblado en sitio (servicos adicionales son discrecionales—en muchos "
+"casos los creadores estarán felices de presupuestar por el ensamblado en "
+"sitio y los diseñadores podrían ofrecer opciones de diseño a la medida)"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6671
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join\"/>"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5225
-msgid "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)3"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6670
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)3"
+msgid ""
+"local sales taxes (variable by customer and maker location)<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"impuestos por ventas locales (variable por la ubicación del cliente y el "
+"creador)3"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5227
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6676
msgid "They then go into detail how makers’ quotes are created:"
msgstr ""
+"A continuación, se detallan cómo se crean las cotizaciones de los creadores:"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5236
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6679
msgid ""
"When a customer wants to buy an Opendesk . . . they are provided with a "
"transparent breakdown of fees including the manufacturing cost, design fee, "
"Opendesk platform fee and channel fees. If a customer opts to buy by getting "
"in touch directly with a registered local maker using a downloaded Opendesk "
"file, the maker is responsible for ensuring the design fee, Opendesk "
-"platform fee and channel fees are included in any quote at the time of sale. "
-"Percentage fees are always based on the underlying manufacturing cost and "
-"are typically apportioned as follows:"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
+"platform fee and channel fees are included in any quote at the time of "
+"sale. Percentage fees are always based on the underlying manufacturing cost "
+"and are typically apportioned as follows:"
+msgstr ""
+"Cuando los clientes quieren comprar un Opendesk . . . se les proporciona un "
+"desglose transparente de las cuotas incluyendo el costo de manufactura, "
+"cuota de diseño, la cuota de la plataforma Opendesk y las cuotas por canal. "
+"Si un cliente decide comprar al ir directamente con el creador local "
+"registrado usando un archivo Opendesk descargado, el creador es responsable "
+"de asegurar la cuota de diseño, la cuota de la plataforma Opendesk y las "
+"cuotas de canal están incluídas en cualquier cuota en el momento de la "
+"venta. Las cuotas de porcentaje están basadas siempre en los costos de "
+"manufactura subyacentes y son típicamente prorrateado de la siguiente manera:"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6692
msgid ""
"manufacturing cost: fabrication, finishing and any other costs as set by the "
"maker (excluding any services like delivery or on-site assembly)"
msgstr ""
+"costo de manufactura: fabricación, terminados y cualquier otro costo fijado "
+"por el creador (excluyendo cualquier servicio como la entrega o el "
+"ensamblado en sitio)"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6699
msgid "design fee: 8 percent of the manufacturing cost"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "cuota por diseño: 8 porciento del costo de manufactura"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6704
msgid "platform fee: 12 percent of the manufacturing cost"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "cuota de plataforma: 12 porciento del costo de manufactura"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6709
msgid "channel fee: 18 percent of the manufacturing cost"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "cuota de canal: 18 porciento del costo de manufactura"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5244
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6714
msgid "sales tax: as applicable (depends on product and location)"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "impuesto de venta: los aplicables (depende del producto y ubicación)"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5249
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6719
msgid ""
-"Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to Nick "
-"and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 "
+"Opendesk shares revenue with their community of designers. According to "
+"Nick and Joni, a typical designer fee is around 2.5 percent, so Opendesk’s 8 "
"percent is more generous, and providing a higher value to the designer."
msgstr ""
+"Opendesk comparte ingresos con su comunidad de diseñadores. De acuerdo con "
+"Nick y Joni, una couta de diseñador típica es alrededor del 2.5 porciento, "
+"asi el 8 porciento de Opendesk es más generoso, y proporciona una mayor "
+"valor al diseñador."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5256
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6725
msgid ""
-"The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii "
+"The Opendesk website features stories of designers and makers. Denis Fuzii "
"published the design for the Valovi Chair from his studio in São Paulo. His "
"designs have been downloaded over five thousand times in ninety-five "
"countries. I.J. CNC Services is Ian Jinks, a professional maker based in the "
"United Kingdom. Opendesk now makes up a large proportion of his business."
msgstr ""
+"El sitio web de Opendesk muestra historias de diseñadores y creadores. Denis "
+"Fuzii publicó el diseño para la silla Valovi de su estudio en São Paulo. "
+"Sus diseños han sido descargados más de cinco mil veces en noventa y cinco "
+"países. I.J. CNC Services es Ian Jinks, un creador profesional ubicado en el "
+"Reino Unido. Actualmente Opendesk representa una gran parte de sus negocios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5264
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6733
msgid ""
"To manage resources and remain effective, Opendesk has so far focused on a "
"very narrow niche—primarily office furniture of a certain simple aesthetic, "
"which uses only one type of material and one manufacturing technique. This "
"allows them to be more strategic and more disruptive in the market, by "
-"getting things to market quickly with competitive prices. It also reflects "
+"getting things to market quickly with competitive prices. It also reflects "
"their vision of creating reproducible and functional pieces."
msgstr ""
+"Para administrar recursos y mantenerse eficaz, Opendesk desde hace mucho se "
+"ha enfocado en un nicho muy estrecho—principalmente mobilario de oficina de "
+"una estética ciertamente simple, el cual usa solo un tipo de material y un "
+"tipo de técnica de manufactura. Esto les permite ser más estratégicos y más "
+"disruptivos en el mercado, al hacer que las cosas se manufacturen "
+"rápidamente con precios competitivos. También refleja su visión de crear "
+"piezas funcionales y reproducibles."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5270
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6742
msgid ""
"On their website, Opendesk describes what they do as “open making”: "
"“Designers get a global distribution channel. Makers get profitable jobs and "
"more social, eco-friendly alternative to mass-production and an affordable "
"way to buy custom-made products.”"
msgstr ""
+"En su sitio web, Opendesk describe lo que hacen como “open making (creación "
+"abierta)”:”Los diseñadores obtienen un canal de distribución global. Los "
+"creadores consiguen trabajos lucrativos y nuevo clientes. Usted obtiene "
+"productos de diseñador sin el precio del diseñador, una alternativa más "
+"social y amigable con el ambiente, a la producción en masa y una forma más "
+"asequible para comprar productos personalizados.”"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5276
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6750
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni say that customers like the fact that the furniture has a "
"known provenance. People really like that their furniture was designed by a "
"community; it’s a great story to tell. It certainly sets apart Opendesk "
"furniture from the usual mass-produced items from a store."
msgstr ""
+"Nick y Joni comentan que a los clientes les gusta el hecho de que el "
+"mobilario tiene una procedencia conocida. Las personas verdaderamente les "
+"gusta que su mobilario fue diseñado por cierto diseñador internacional pero "
+"que fue hecho por un creador local en su comunidad; es una gran historia "
+"para contar. Ciertamente pone aparte al mobilario Opendesk de los objetos "
+"usuales producidos en masa de una tienda."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5284
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6763
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openmaking.is\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6758
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni are taking a community-based approach to define and evolve "
"Opendesk and the “open making” business model. They’re engaging thought "
"leaders and practitioners to define this new movement. They have a separate "
"Open Making site, which includes a manifesto, a field guide, and an "
-"invitation to get involved in the Open Making community.4 People can submit "
-"ideas and discuss the principles and business practices they’d like to see "
-"used."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5290
+"invitation to get involved in the Open Making community.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> People can submit ideas and discuss the principles "
+"and business practices they’d like to see used."
+msgstr ""
+"Nick y Joni estan tomando un acercamiento basado en la comunidad para "
+"definir y evolucionar a Opendesk y el modelo de negocios de “creación "
+"abierta”. Estan involucrando a los líderes del pensamiento y a los afiliados "
+"a definir este nuevo movimiento. Tienen un sitio separado de Open Making, el "
+"cual incluye un manifiesto, una guía de campo, y una invitación a "
+"involucrarse en la comunidad del Open Making.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
+"id=\"0\"/> La gente puede enviar sus ideas y discutir los principios y las "
+"prácticas de negocios que a ellos les gustaría ver que se usaran."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6767
msgid ""
"Nick and Joni talked a lot with us about intellectual property (IP) and "
"commercialization. Many of their designers fear the idea that someone could "
"of furniture with it. As a consequence, most Opendesk designers choose the "
"Attribution-NonCommercial license (CC BY-NC)."
msgstr ""
+"Nick y Joni hablaron mucho con nosotros acerca de la propiedad intelectual "
+"(IP) y la comercialización. Muchos de sus diseñadores temen a la idea de que "
+"alguien pudiera tomar uno de sus archivos de diseño y hacer y vender un "
+"número infinito de piezas de mobiliario con él. Como consecuencia, la "
+"mayoría de los diseñadores Opendesk escogen la licencia Attribution-"
+"NonCommercial (CC BY-NC)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5293
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6775
msgid ""
"Opendesk established a set of principles for what their community considers "
"commercial and noncommercial use. Their website states:"
msgstr ""
+"Opendesk estableció un conjunto de principios para lo que su comunidad "
+"considera usos comerciales y no comerciales. Su sitio web declara:"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5295
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6779
msgid "It is unambiguously commercial use when anyone:"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Es inequívocamente uso comercial cuando alguien:"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5298
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6784
msgid "charges a fee or makes a profit when making an Opendesk"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "carga una cuota o tiene una ganancia cuando hace un Opendesk"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5298
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6789
msgid "sells (or bases a commercial service on) an Opendesk"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "vende (o tiene un servicio comercial basado en) un OpenDesk"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5302
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6794
msgid ""
"It follows from this that noncommercial use is when you make an Opendesk "
"yourself, with no intention to gain commercial advantage or monetary "
"compensation. For example, these qualify as noncommercial:"
msgstr ""
+"Lo que sigue a esto es que el uso no comercial es cuando haces un Opendesk "
+"por tí mismo, sin intención de ganar ventaja comercial o compensación "
+"monetaria. Por ejemplo, estos califican como no comercial:"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5311
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6802
msgid ""
"you are an individual with your own CNC machine, or access to a shared CNC "
"machine, and will personally cut and make a few pieces of furniture yourself"
msgstr ""
+"es un individuo con su propia máquina de CNC, o con acceso a una máquina de "
+"CNC compartida, y personalmente cortará y hará unas pocas piezas de "
+"mobiliario por sí mismo"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5311
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6809
msgid ""
"you are a student (or teacher) and you use the design files for educational "
"purposes or training (and do not intend to sell the resulting pieces)"
msgstr ""
+"es un estudiante (o un maestro) y usa el archivo de diseño con propósitos "
+"educativos o capacitación (y no intenta vender las piezas resultantes)"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5311
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6816
msgid ""
"you work for a charity and get furniture cut by volunteers, or by employees "
"at a fab lab or maker space"
msgstr ""
+"trabaja para la caridad y obtiene el corte del mobiliario por voluntarios, o "
+"empleados en un fab lab [1] o un maker space[2].\n"
+" \n"
+"[1] acrónimo del inglés Fabrication Laboratory o Fabulous Laboratory "
+"https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fab_lab\n"
+"[2] http://makerspace.hacedores.com/ Es un lugar en el que puedes crear "
+"objetos o artefactos haciendo uso de las herramientas que se encuentran "
+"disponibles para ti en los diferentes talleres que lo conforman"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5320
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6822
msgid ""
"Whether or not people technically are doing things that implicate IP, Nick "
"and Joni have found that people tend to comply with the wishes of creators "
"that works for all stakeholders—designers, channels, manufacturers, and "
"customers. For them, the value Opendesk generates hangs off “open,” not IP."
msgstr ""
+"Independientemente de que las personas técnicamente estén haciendo cosas que "
+"implican propiedad intelectual, Nick y Joni encontraron que la gente tiende "
+"a acatar los deseos de los creadores por un sentido de justicia. Econtraron "
+"que las economías de comportamientos pueden remplazar algunos de los "
+"problemas legales espinosos. En su modelo de negocios, Nick y Joni estan "
+"tratando de suspender el enfoque en propiedad intelectual y construir un "
+"modelo de negocios abierto que funcione para todos los interesados—"
+"diseñadores, canales, manufacturadores, y clientes. Para ellos, el valor que "
+"genera Opendesk depende del “abierto,” no de la propiedad intelectual."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5326
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6833
msgid ""
"The mission of Opendesk is about relocalizing manufacturing, which changes "
-"the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to "
+"the way we think about how goods are made. Commercialization is integral to "
"their mission, and they’ve begun to focus on success metrics that track how "
"many makers and designers are engaged through Opendesk in revenue-making "
"work."
msgstr ""
+"La misión de Opendesk es acerca de reubicar la manufactura, lo cual cambia "
+"la forma en que pensamos acerca de cómo son hechos los bienes. La "
+"comercialización es parte integral de su misión, y han comenzado a enfocarse "
+"en mediciones del éxito que registran cuantos creadores y diseñadores estan "
+"involucrados a través de Opendesk en trabajo generador de ingresos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5331
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6840
msgid ""
"As a global platform for local making, Opendesk’s business model has been "
"built on honesty, transparency, and inclusivity. As Nick and Joni describe "
"it, they put ideas out there that get traction and then have faith in people."
msgstr ""
+"Como una plataforma global para crear localmente, el modelo de negocios de "
+"Opendesk ha sido construido en base a la honestidad, transpariencia, e "
+"inclusividad. Como lo describen Nick y Joni, ponen ideas ahí afuera que "
+"ganan impulso y entonces tienen esperanza en las personas."
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338
-msgid "www.opendesk.cc/designers"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338
-msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/makers/"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338
-msgid "www.opendesk.cc/open-making/join"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5338
-msgid "openmaking.is"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5340
-msgid "## OpenStax"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6847
+msgid "OpenStax"
+msgstr "OpenStax"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5344
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6850
msgid ""
"OpenStax is a nonprofit that provides free, openly licensed textbooks for "
"high-enrollment introductory college courses and Advanced Placement courses. "
"Founded in 2012 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
+"OpenStax es una organización sin animo de lucro que provee sin costo, libros "
+"de texto de licencia abierta para cursos de introducción escolar de alta "
+"demanda y cursos de posicionamiento avanzado. Fundado en 2012 en los EUA."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5346
-msgid "www.openstaxcollege.org"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6855
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.openstaxcollege.org\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5349
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6857
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Revenue model: grant funding, charging for custom services, charging for "
+#| "physical copies (textbook sales)"
msgid ""
-"Revenue model: grant funding, charging for custom services, charging for "
-"physical copies (textbook sales)"
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, charging "
+"for custom services, charging for physical copies (textbook sales)"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de ingresos: donaciones, cobros por servicios personalizados, cobros "
+"por copias físicas (ventas de libros de texto)"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5351
-msgid "Interview date: December 16, 2015"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6861
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: December 16, 2015"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 16, 2015"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 16 de diciembre, 2015"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5353
-msgid "Interviewee: David Harris, editor-in-chief"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6864
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: David Harris, editor-in-chief"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: David Harris, editor-in-"
+"chief"
+msgstr "Entrevistado: David Harris, Editor en Jefe"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5366
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6872
msgid ""
"OpenStax is an extension of a program called Connexions, which was started "
"in 1999 by Dr. Richard Baraniuk, the Victor E. Cameron Professor of "
"customizable educational materials, all licensed with Creative Commons and "
"available to anyone, anywhere, anytime—for free."
msgstr ""
+"OpenStax es una extensión del programa llamado Connexions, el cual fue "
+"comenzado en 1999 por el Dr. Richard Baraniuk, profesor Victor E. Cameron de "
+"Ingeniería Eléctrica y Computación de la Universidad Rice en Houston, Texas. "
+"Frustado por las limitaciones de los cursos y libros de texto tradicionales, "
+"el Dr Baraniuk quería proporcionar a los autores y los estudiantes un medio "
+"para comparti y adaptar libremente material educativo tales como cursos, "
+"libros, y reportes. Hoy, Connexions (ahora llamado OpenStax CNX) es una de "
+"las mejores bibliotecas de materiales educativos personalizables, todo "
+"licenciado con Creative Commons y disponible para cualquiera, donde sea, en "
+"cualquier momento— sin costo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5375
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6884
msgid ""
"In 2008, while in a senior leadership role at WebAssign and looking at ways "
"to reduce the risk that came with relying on publishers, David Harris began "
"investigating open educational resources (OER) and discovered Connexions. A "
"year and a half later, Connexions received a grant to help grow the use of "
"OER so that it could meet the needs of students who couldn’t afford "
-"textbooks. David came on board to spearhead this effort. Connexions became "
+"textbooks. David came on board to spearhead this effort. Connexions became "
"OpenStax CNX; the program to create open textbooks became OpenStax College, "
"now simply called OpenStax."
msgstr ""
+"En 2008, mientras estaba en un puesto directivo en WebAssign y buscaba vias "
+"para reducir el riesgo que acompaña depnder de las editoriales, David Harris "
+"comenzó a investigar los recursos educativos abiertos (OER) y descubrió "
+"Connexions. Un año y medio después, Connexions recibió una subvención para "
+"ayudar a incrementar el uso de los OER de tal manera que se pudieran "
+"satisfacer las necesidades de los estudiantes que no pueden pagar los libros "
+"de texto. Davis se unió para encabezar este esfuerzo. Connexions se volvió "
+"OpenStax CNX; el programa para crear libros de texto abiertos se volvió "
+"OpenStax College, ahora simplemente OpenStax."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5385
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6895
msgid ""
"David brought with him a deep understanding of the best practices of "
"publishing along with where publishers have inefficiencies. In David’s view, "
"the expectation that this would lead to rapid growth through easy downstream "
"adoptions by faculty and students."
msgstr ""
+"David trajo consigo un profundo entendimiento de las mejores prácticas de "
+"publicación donde las editoriales tenian ineficiencias. En la visión de "
+"David, la revisión por pares y los altos estándares de calidad son de "
+"importancia critica si quieres escalar fácilmente. Los libros tienen que "
+"tener un alcance y una secuencia lógica, tienen que existir como un todo y "
+"no como piezas, y deben ser fácilmente localizables. La hipótesis operativa "
+"para el lanzamiento de OpenStax fue producir profesionalmente un libro de "
+"texto completo al invertir esfuerzo por adelantado, con la expectativa de "
+"que esto conduciria a un posterior y acelerado crecimiento a través de la "
+"fácil adopción por parte de los estudiantes y profesores."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5394
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6913
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-"
+"OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-"
+"OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6907
msgid ""
"In 2012, OpenStax College launched as a nonprofit with the aim of producing "
"high-quality, peer-reviewed full-color textbooks that would be available for "
"free for the twenty-five most heavily attended college courses in the "
-"nation. Today they are fast approaching that number. There is data that "
+"nation. Today they are fast approaching that number. There is data that "
"proves the success of their original hypothesis on how many students they "
-"could help and how much money they could help save.1 Professionally produced "
-"content scales rapidly. All with no sales force!"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5402
+"could help and how much money they could help save.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Professionally produced content scales rapidly. All "
+"with no sales force!"
+msgstr ""
+"En 2012, se lanzó OpenStax College como una organización sin animo de lucro "
+"con la intención de producir libros de texto de alta calidad, con revisión "
+"por pares y a completos que pudieran estar disponibles sin costo para los "
+"veinticinco cursos con la más alta matrícula colegial en la nación. Hay "
+"información que prueba el exito de su hipótesis original de cuantos "
+"estudiantes pueden ayudara y cuanto dinero pueden ayudar a ahorrar."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> El contenido producido "
+"profesionalente escala rápidamente. Todo sin una fuerza de ventas!"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6917
msgid ""
"OpenStax textbooks are all Attribution (CC BY) licensed, and each textbook "
"is available as a PDF, an e-book, or web pages. Those who want a physical "
"appealing. OpenStax encourages students to talk to their professor and "
"librarians about these textbooks and to advocate for their use."
msgstr ""
+"Los libros de texto de OpenStax todos son licenciados con Attribution (CC "
+"BY), y cada libro de texto esta disponible como PDF, e-book, o página web. "
+"Aquellos que deseen una copia física pueden comprar uno por un precio "
+"asequible. Dado el costo de la educación y las deudas estudiantiles en Norte "
+"America, los libros sin costo o de bajo costo son muy atractivos. OpenStax "
+"incita a los estudiantes para que hablen con sus profesores y bibliotecarios "
+"acerca de estos libros de texto y que promuevan su uso."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5409
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6926
msgid ""
"Teachers are invited to try out a single chapter from one of the textbooks "
"with students. If that goes well, they’re encouraged to adopt the entire "
"unlimited access. And with the CC BY license, teachers are free to delete "
"chapters, make changes, and customize any book to fit their needs."
msgstr ""
+"Los maestros son invitados a probar un capítulo de uno de los libros de "
+"texto con sus alumnos. Si funciona, se les anima para adoptar el libro "
+"entero. Pueden pegar la URL en su temario, para tener acceso sin costo e "
+"ilimitado. Y con la licenci CC BY, los profesores son libres de borrar "
+"capítulos, realizar cambios, y personalizar cualquier libro para que se "
+"adecúe a sus necesidades."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5414
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6934
msgid ""
"Any teacher can post corrections, suggest examples for difficult concepts, "
"or volunteer as an editor or author. As many teachers also want supplemental "
"material to accompany a textbook, OpenStax also provides slide "
"presentations, test banks, answer keys, and so on."
msgstr ""
+"Cualquier maestro puede publicar correcciones, sugerir ejemplos para "
+"conceptos difíciles, o ser voluntario como editor o como autor. Como muchos "
+"profesores también desean material suplementario para acompañar al libro de "
+"texto, OpenStax tambien provee presentaciones, bancos de pruebas, preguntas "
+"clave, y más."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6945
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://openstax.org/adopters\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5419
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6941
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education "
+#| "through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings "
+#| "calculator they can use to see how much students would save. OpenStax "
+#| "keeps a running list of institutions that have adopted their textbooks.2"
msgid ""
"Institutions can stand out by offering students a lower-cost education "
"through the use of OpenStax textbooks; there’s even a textbook-savings "
"calculator they can use to see how much students would save. OpenStax keeps "
-"a running list of institutions that have adopted their textbooks.2"
+"a running list of institutions that have adopted their textbooks."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"Las instituciones pueden sobresalir al ofrecer a los estudiantes una "
+"educación de costo reducido a través del uso de los libros de texto de "
+"OpenStax; incluso existe una calculadora de ahorro por costo de libros de "
+"texto que pueden usar para observar que tanto pueden ahorrase los "
+"estudiantes. OpenStax mantiene una lista de instituciones que han adoptado "
+"sus libros de texto. 2"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5424
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6948
msgid ""
"Unlike traditional publishers’ monolithic approach of controlling "
"intellectual property, distribution, and so many other aspects, OpenStax has "
"adopted a model that embraces open licensing and relies on an extensive "
"network of partners."
msgstr ""
+"A diferencia de los editores tradicionales cuyo enfoque monilítico de "
+"control de la propiedad intelectual, distribución, y muchos otros aspectos, "
+"OpenStax adoptó un modelo que adopta las licencias abiertas y se apoya una "
+"red extensiva de asociados."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5433
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6954
msgid ""
"Up-front funding of a professionally produced all-color turnkey textbook is "
"expensive. For this part of their model, OpenStax relies on philanthropy. "
"supporting technology is probably still going to require philanthropic "
"investment."
msgstr ""
+"El financiamiento inicial de libros de texto a color completamente "
+"terminados es costoso. Para esta parte de su modelo, OpenStax se apoya en "
+"filantropia. En un principio fueron financiados por las fundaciones William "
+"and Flora Hewlett Foundation, Laura and John Arnold Foundation, Bill and "
+"Melinda Gates Foundation, 20 Million Minds Foundation, Maxfield Foundation, "
+"Calvin K. Kazanjian Foundation, y launiversidad Rice. Para desarrollar "
+"titulos adicionales y costear la tecnología se espera que todavia requiera "
+"inversión filantrópica."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5442
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6965
msgid ""
"However, ongoing operations will not rely on foundation grants but instead "
"on funds received through an ecosystem of over forty partners, whereby a "
"physics problems, with problem-specific feedback, detailed solutions, and "
"tutorial support. WebAssign resources are available to students for a fee."
msgstr ""
+"Sin embargo, las operaciones en curso no estarán soportadas por donaciones "
+"de las fundaciones sino en fondos recibidos a través de un ecosistema de más "
+"de cuarenta participantes, en donde un participante toma el contenido "
+"principal de OpenStax y agrega características de las cuales se pueda obtner "
+"ingresos. Por ejemplo, WebAssign, una herramienta de evaluación y tareas en "
+"linea, toma en libro de física y agrega problemas de física generados "
+"algorítmicamente, con retroalimentación específica del problema, soluciones "
+"detalladas y un tutorial de apoyo. Los recursos de WebAssign estan "
+"disponibles a los alumnos por una cuota."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5450
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6975
msgid ""
"Another example is Odigia, who has turned OpenStax books into interactive "
"learning experiences and created additional tools to measure and promote "
"student engagement. Odigia licenses its learning platform to institutions. "
"Partners like Odigia and WebAssign give a percentage of the revenue they "
-"earn back to OpenStax, as mission-support fees. OpenStax has already "
+"earn back to OpenStax, as mission-support fees. OpenStax has already "
"published revisions of their titles, such as Introduction to Sociology 2e, "
"using these funds."
msgstr ""
+"Otro ejemplo es Odigia, que transformó los libros de OpenStax en una "
+"experiencia interactiva y creó herramientas adicionales para la medición y "
+"promoción del compromiso estudiantil. Odigia licencia sus plataforma de "
+"aprendizaje a las intituciones. Participantes como Odigia y WebAssign dan un "
+"porcentaje de los ingresos obtenidos a OpenStax, como cuotas de soporte al "
+"proyecto. OpenStax ha públicado revisiones de sus titulos, tales como "
+"Introducción a la Sociología 2da Ed, usando estos fondos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5460
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6985
msgid ""
"In David’s view, this approach lets the market operate at peak efficiency. "
"OpenStax’s partners don’t have to worry about developing textbook content, "
"freeing them up from those development costs and letting them focus on what "
-"they do best. With OpenStax textbooks available at no cost, they can provide "
-"their services at a lower cost—not free, but still saving students money. "
-"OpenStax benefits not only by receiving mission-support fees but through "
-"free publicity and marketing. OpenStax doesn’t have a sales force; partners "
-"are out there showcasing their materials."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5466
+"they do best. With OpenStax textbooks available at no cost, they can "
+"provide their services at a lower cost—not free, but still saving students "
+"money. OpenStax benefits not only by receiving mission-support fees but "
+"through free publicity and marketing. OpenStax doesn’t have a sales force; "
+"partners are out there showcasing their materials."
+msgstr ""
+"En la visión de David, este acercamiento permite al mercado operar con "
+"eficiencia máxima. Los participantes de OpenStax no tienen que preocuparse "
+"de desarrollar contenido para los libros de texto, liberandolos de los "
+"costos de ese desarrollo y permitiendoles enfocarse en lo que ellos hacen "
+"mejor. Con los libros de texto sin costo de OpenStax, pueden proporcionar "
+"sus servicios a bajo costo—no gratuitamente, pero ahorrando dinero a los "
+"estudiantes. OpenStax no solo se beneficia recibiendo cuotas de soporte sino "
+"tambien a través de publicidad gratuita y mercadeo. OpenStax no tiene una "
+"fuerza de ventas; sus participantes estan afuera mostrando sus materiales."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:6997
msgid ""
"OpenStax’s cost of sales to acquire a single student is very, very low and "
"is a fraction of what traditional players in the market face. This year, "
"like OpenStax in comparison with incumbents. David looks forward to sharing "
"these findings with the community."
msgstr ""
+"El costo de ventas para atraer un estudiante es muy bajo para OpenStax y es "
+"una facción de lo que enfrentan los participantes tradicionales del mercado. "
+"Este año, Tyton Partners está evluando los costos de ventas para un esfuerzo "
+"OER parecido a OpenStax en comparación con los inconvenientes. David espera "
+"compartir estos hallazgos con la comunidad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5475
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7005
msgid ""
"While OpenStax books are available online for free, many students still want "
"a print copy. Through a partnership with a print and courier company, "
-"OpenStax offers a complete solution that scales. OpenStax sells tens of "
+"OpenStax offers a complete solution that scales. OpenStax sells tens of "
"thousands of print books. The price of an OpenStax sociology textbook is "
"about twenty-eight dollars, a fraction of what sociology textbooks usually "
"cost. OpenStax keeps the prices low but does aim to earn a small margin on "
"each book sold, which also contributes to ongoing operations."
msgstr ""
+"Mientras que los libros de OpenStax estan disponibles enlinea, muchos "
+"estudiantes todavia quieren una copia impresa. A través de una asociación "
+"con una compañía de mensajeria e impresiones, OpenStax ofrece una solución "
+"completa que es escalable. OpenStax vende cientos de libros impresos. El "
+"precio de un libro de texto de sociología es cercano a los 28 dolares, una "
+"fracción de lo que usualmente cuesta un libro de texto de sociología. "
+"OpenStax mantiene los precios bajos pero también desea ganar un margen "
+"pequeño de cada libro vendido, lo cual también contribuye a las operaciones "
+"corrientes."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5486
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7015
msgid ""
-"Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax "
+"Campus-based bookstores are part of the OpenStax solution. OpenStax "
"collaborates with NACSCORP (the National Association of College Stores "
-"Corporation) to provide print versions of their textbooks in the stores. "
+"Corporation) to provide print versions of their textbooks in the stores. "
"While the overall cost of the textbook is significantly less than a "
-"traditional textbook, bookstores can still make a profit on sales. "
-"Sometimes students take the savings they have from the lower-priced book and "
-"use it to buy other things in the bookstore. And OpenStax is trying to break "
-"the expensive behavior of excessive returns by having a no-returns policy. "
-"This is working well, since the sell-through of their print titles is "
-"virtually a hundred percent."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5493
+"traditional textbook, bookstores can still make a profit on sales. Sometimes "
+"students take the savings they have from the lower-priced book and use it to "
+"buy other things in the bookstore. And OpenStax is trying to break the "
+"expensive behavior of excessive returns by having a no-returns policy. This "
+"is working well, since the sell-through of their print titles is virtually a "
+"hundred percent."
+msgstr ""
+"Las librerías ubicadas en los campus son parte de la solución de OpenStax. "
+"OpenStax colabora con la NACSCORP ( Asociación Nacional de la Corporación de "
+"Tiendas de Colegio) para proporcionar una versión impresa de sus libros de "
+"texto en las tiendas. Mientras que el costo total de los libros de texto es "
+"significativamente menor que uno tradicional, las librerias todavia pueden "
+"tener ganacias en su venta. Algunas veces los estudiantes usan los ahorros "
+"que tuvieron al comprar libros de texto de precios reducidos para comprar "
+"otras cosas en las librerias. Además OpenStax está intentando romper con el "
+"comportamiento costoso de los retornos excesivos de libros al tener un "
+"política no retornable. Esto funciona bien, ya que la venta de sus títulos "
+"impresos es prácticamente del cien por ciento."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7028
msgid ""
"David thinks of the OpenStax model as “OER 2.0.” So what is OER 1.0? "
"Historically in the OER field, many OER initiatives have been locally funded "
"It’s therefore difficult to show payback over a time scale that is "
"reasonable."
msgstr ""
+"David piensa acerca del modelo de OpenStax como «OER 2.0». Entonces, ¿ qué "
+"es OER 1.0 ? históricamente en el campo de los OER, muchas iniciativas OER "
+"han sido financiadas localmente por instituciones o por ministerios "
+"gubernamentales. En la visión de David, esto resulta en contenido que tiene "
+"un alto valor local pero que es infrecuantemente adoptado a escala nacional. "
+"Entonces se vuelve difícil mostrar la restitución sobre una escala de tiempo "
+"que sea razonable."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5504
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7036
msgid ""
"OER 2.0 is about OER intended to be used and adopted on a national level "
"right from the start. This requires a bigger investment up front but pays "
"the publisher released the rights back to the authors. The second model is "
"to develop a book from scratch, a good example being their biology book."
msgstr ""
+"OER 2.0 es acerca de los OER que se pretende que sean usados y adoptados a "
+"escala nacional desde el principio. Esto require mayores donaciones pero se "
+"observa su valia a través de una adopción geográfica amplia. Los procesos de "
+"los OER 2.0 para OpenStax involucran dos modelos de desarrollo. El primero "
+"es lo que David llama el modelo de adquisición, donde OpenStax compra los "
+"derechos de una editorial o un autor de un libro ya publicado y entonces se "
+"le revisa extensivamente. El libro de física de OpenStax, por ejemplo, fue "
+"licenciado de un autor después de que la editorial liberó de regreso los "
+"derechos a los autores. El segundo modelo es desarrollar un libro desde "
+"cero, un buen ejemplo es su libro de biología."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5519
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7049
msgid ""
"The process is similar for both models. First they look at the scope and "
"sequence of existing textbooks. They ask questions like what does the "
"customer need? Where are students having challenges? Then they identify "
"potential authors and put them through a rigorous evaluation—only one in ten "
-"authors make it through. OpenStax selects a team of authors who come "
+"authors make it through. OpenStax selects a team of authors who come "
"together to develop a template for a chapter and collectively write the "
"first draft (or revise it, in the acquisitions model). (OpenStax doesn’t do "
"books with just a single author as David says it risks the project going "
"longer than scheduled.) The draft is peer-reviewed with no less than three "
"reviewers per chapter. A second draft is generated, with artists producing "
-"illustrations and visuals to go along with the text. The book is then "
+"illustrations and visuals to go along with the text. The book is then "
"copyedited to ensure grammatical correctness and a singular voice. Finally, "
"it goes into production and through a final proofread. The whole process is "
"very time-consuming."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5528
+"El proceso es similar para ambos modelos. Primero ellos observan el alcance "
+"y la secuencia de los libros de texto existentes. ¿ Preguntan de la manera "
+"en la que necesita el usuario ? ¿ Dónde estan teniendo dificultades ? "
+"Después identifican autores potenciales y los pasan a través de evaluaciones "
+"rigurosas—únicamente uno de cada diez autores logran pasar. OpenStax "
+"selecciona un equipo de autores quienes trabajan juntos para desarrollar un "
+"patrón para un capítulo y colectivamente escriben el primer esbozo. ( o lo "
+"revisan, en el modelo adquisitivo ). (OpenStax no hace libros con un solo "
+"autor, como dice David esto pone en riesgo al proyecto de tener una duración "
+"mayo a la calendarizada.) El esbozo es revisado por pares con no menos de "
+"tres revisores por capítulo. Un segundo borrador es generado, con artistas "
+"produciendo ilustraciones para acompañar al texto. Entonces el libro se "
+"edita para garantizar una corrección gramatical y una voz. Finalmente, pasa "
+"a producción y a través de la corrección de estilo. El proceso completo es "
+"muy laborioso."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7067
msgid ""
"All the people involved in this process are paid. OpenStax does not rely on "
"volunteers. Writers, reviewers, illustrators, and editors are all paid an up-"
"authors do better under the OER 2.0 model, as there is no risk to them and "
"they earn all the money up front."
msgstr ""
+"A toda la gente involucrada en este proceso se le paga. OpenStax depende de "
+"los voluntarios. Escritores, revisores, ilustradores, y editores reciben un "
+"pago inicial—OpenStax no utiliza un modelo de regalías. Un autor con ventas "
+"amplias podría hacer más dinero bajo el modelo tradicional de publicaciones, "
+"pero eso es posiblemente solo el 5 por ciento de los autores. Desde la "
+"perspectiva de David, el 95 por ciento de los autores lo hace mejor bajo el "
+"modelo OER 2.0, donde no hay riesgo para ellos y ellos ganan todo el dinero "
+"por adelantado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5536
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7077
msgid ""
"David thinks of the Attribution license (CC BY) as the “innovation license.” "
"It’s core to the mission of OpenStax, letting people use their textbooks in "
"OpenStax sees a lot of customization of their materials. By enabling "
"frictionless remixing, CC BY gives teachers control and academic freedom."
msgstr ""
+"David piensa de la licencia Attribution (CC BY) como la «licencia de "
+"innovación». Es fundamental para la misión de OpenStax, permitiendole a la "
+"gente usar sus libros de texto de maneras innovadoras sin tener que pedir "
+"permiso. Libera al mercado y ha sido central para que OpenStax pueda atraer "
+"participantes. OpenStax genera mucha personalización en sus materiales. Al "
+"permitir combinaciones sin restricciones, la licencia CC BY da a los "
+"profesore el control y libertad académica."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5545
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7086
msgid ""
"Using CC BY is also a good example of using strategies that traditional "
"publishers can’t. Traditional publishers rely on copyright to prevent others "
"from making copies and heavily invest in digital rights management to ensure "
-"their books aren’t shared. By using CC BY, OpenStax avoids having to deal "
-"with digital rights management and its costs. OpenStax books can be copied "
+"their books aren’t shared. By using CC BY, OpenStax avoids having to deal "
+"with digital rights management and its costs. OpenStax books can be copied "
"and shared over and over again. CC BY changes the rules of engagement and "
"takes advantage of traditional market inefficiencies."
msgstr ""
+"Usar la licencia CC BY también es un buen ejemplo de usar estrategias que "
+"las editoriales tradicionales no pueden. Las editoriales tradicionales "
+"dependen del copyright para impedir que otros hagan copias de su trabajo y "
+"realizan fuertes inversiones en el manejo de los derechos digitales para "
+"asegurarse que sus libros no sean compartidos. Al usar licencias CC BY, "
+"OpenStax evita tener que lidiar con la gestión de los derechos digitales y "
+"los costos que implica. Los libros de OpenStax pueden ser copiados y "
+"compartidos una y otra vez. La licencia CC BY cambia las reglas del "
+"compromiso y toma ventaja de las ineficiencias del mercado tradicional."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5548
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7096
msgid ""
-"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. "
+"As of September 16, 2016, OpenStax has achieved some impressive results. "
"From the OpenStax at a Glance fact sheet from their recent press kit:"
msgstr ""
+"Hasta el 16 de septiembre de 2016, OpenStax había alcanzado algunos "
+"resultados impresionantes. De la hoja de datos de «OpenStax en un vistazo» "
+"de su reciente material para la prensa:"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7103
msgid "Books published: 23"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Libros publicados: 23"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7108
msgid "Students who have used OpenStax: 1.6 million"
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Estudiantes que han usado OpenStax: 1.6 millones"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
-msgid "Money saved for students: \\$155 million"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7113
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Money saved for students: \\$155 million"
+msgid "Money saved for students: $155 million"
+msgstr "Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes: \\$ 155 millones"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
-msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: \\$77 million"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7118
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: \\$77 million"
+msgid "Money saved for students in the 2016/17 academic year: $77 million"
msgstr ""
+"Dinero ahorrado por los estudiantes en el ciclo académico 2016-17: \\$77 "
+"millones"
-#. type: Bullet: '- '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5557
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><itemizedlist><listitem><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7124
msgid ""
"Schools that have used OpenStax: 2,668 (This number reflects all "
"institutions using at least one OpenStax textbook. Out of 2,668 schools, 517 "
"are two-year colleges, 835 four-year colleges and universities, and 344 "
"colleges and universities outside the U.S.)"
msgstr ""
+"Escuelas que han usado OpenStax:2,668 (Este número refleja todas las "
+"instituciones que han usado al menos un libro de texto de OpenStax. Fuera de "
+"las 2,668 escuelas, 517 son colegios de dos años, 835 colegios de cuatro "
+"años y universidades, y 344 colegios y universidades fuera de los E.U.A.)"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5562
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7133
msgid ""
"While OpenStax has to date been focused on the United States, there is "
"overseas adoption especially in the science, technology, engineering, and "
"math (STEM) fields. Large scale adoption in the United States is seen as a "
"necessary precursor to international interest."
msgstr ""
+"Si bien hasta ahora OpenStax se ha enfoncado en los Estados Unidos, fuera de "
+"sus fronteras hay adopción especialmente en los campos de la ciencia, "
+"tecnología, ingeniería y matemáticas (STEM). La adopción a gran escala en "
+"los Estados Unidos se ve como un precursor necesario para el interes "
+"internacional."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5568
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7140
msgid ""
"OpenStax has primarily focused on introductory-level college courses where "
"there is high enrollment, but they are starting to think about verticals—a "
"terrific if OpenStax could provide access to free textbooks through the "
"entire curriculum of a nursing degree, for example."
msgstr ""
+"OpenStax se ha dirigido principalmente a los cursos de nivel introductorio "
+"colegial, donde hay una gran matrícula, pero estan comenzando a pensar en "
+"los cursos verticales—una clara oferta para un grupo específico o una "
+"necesidad. David piensa que sería increíble si OpenStax pudiera proveer "
+"acceso a libros de texto sin costo a través del plan curricular de la "
+"carrera de enfermería, por ejemplo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5578
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7148
msgid ""
"Finally, for OpenStax success is not just about the adoption of their "
"textbooks and student savings. There is a human aspect to the work that is "
"an open business model based on Creative Commons, OpenStax is making it "
"possible for every student who wants access to education to get it."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5583
-msgid ""
-"news.rice.edu/files/2016/01/0119-OPENSTAX-2016Infographic-lg-1tahxiu.jpg"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5583
-msgid "openstax.org/adopters"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5585
-msgid "## Amanda Palmer"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5587
+"Finalmente, para OpenStax el exito no es únicamente acerca de la adopción de "
+"sus libros de texto y los ahorros estudiantiles. Hay un aspecto humano en el "
+"trabajo que es difícil de medir pero que es increíblemente importante. Han "
+"recibido correos electrónicos de estudiantes comentando cómo OpenStax los ha "
+"salvado de tomar decisiones difíciles, como elegir entre comprar comida o un "
+"libro de texto. OpenStax quisiera evaluar el impacto que sus libros tienen "
+"en la eficiencia en el aprendizaje, la persistencia y su terminación. Al "
+"construir un modelo de negocios abierto basado en Creative Commons, OpenStax "
+"hace posible para cada estudiante que quiere acceder a la educación, "
+"alcanzarla."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7161
+msgid "Amanda Palmer"
+msgstr "Amanda Palmer"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7164
msgid "Amanda Palmer is a musician, artist, and writer. Based in the U.S."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Amanda Palmer es música, artista, y escritora. Vive en los E.U.A."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5589
-msgid "amandapalmer.net"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7168
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://amandapalmer.net\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5593
-msgid ""
-"Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, "
-"charging for physical copies (book and album sales), charg-ing for in-person "
-"version (performances), selling merchandise"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7170
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Revenue model: crowdfunding (subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, "
+#| "charging for physical copies (book and album sales), charg-ing for in-"
+#| "person version (performances), selling merchandise"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: crowdfunding "
+"(subscription-based), pay-what-you-want, charging for physical copies (book "
+"and album sales), charg-ing for in-person version (performances), selling "
+"merchandise"
+msgstr ""
+"Modelo de ingresos: financiamiento comunitario (en base a subscripciones), "
+"paga-lo-que-quieras, cobros por copias físicas ( libros y venta de álbums), "
+"cobros para versiones en vivo (performances), venta de mercancia"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7175
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: December 15, 2015"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 15, 2015"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 15 de diciembre, 2015"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5595
-msgid "Interview date: December 15, 2015"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7185
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/"
+"amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-"
+"swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/"
+"amanda-palmer-uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-"
+"swift/#44e20ce46d67\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5601
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7183
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she "
+#| "calls a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new "
+#| "ways to sustain her creative work. 1"
msgid ""
"Since the beginning of her career, Amanda Palmer has been on what she calls "
"a “journey with no roadmap,” continually experimenting to find new ways to "
-"sustain her creative work. 1"
+"sustain her creative work.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
+"Desde el principio de su carrera, Amanda Palmer ha estado en lo que ella "
+"llama «un viaje sin mapa», continuamente experimentando para encontrar "
+"nuevas vias de continuar su trabajo creativo. 1"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5607
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7188
msgid ""
"In her best-selling book, The Art of Asking, Amanda articulates exactly what "
-"she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . . . in "
+"she has been and continues to strive for—“the ideal sweet spot . . . in "
"which the artist can share freely and directly feel the reverberations of "
"their artistic gifts to the community, and make a living doing that.”"
msgstr ""
+"En su libro best-seller, The Art of Asking, Amanda comenta exactamente que "
+"ha sido y que continua esforzandose por ser—«el punto justo ideal … en "
+"donde el artista puede compartir libremente y sentir directamente las "
+"reverberaciones de sus regalos artisticos a la comunidad, y vivir de eso "
+"haciendolo.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5614
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7195
msgid ""
"While she seems to have successfully found that sweet spot for herself, "
"Amanda is the first to acknowledge there is no silver bullet. She thinks the "
-"digital age is both an exciting and frustrating time for creators. “On the "
+"digital age is both an exciting and frustrating time for creators. “On the "
"one hand, we have this beautiful shareability,” Amanda said. “On the other, "
"you’ve got a bunch of confused artists wondering how to make money to buy "
"food so we can make more art.”"
msgstr ""
+"Mientras parece que ella tuvo exito al encontrar ese punto justo para sí "
+"misma, Amanda es la primera en reconocer que hay soluciones milagrosas. "
+"Ella piensa que la era digital es al mismo tiempo un periodo excitante y "
+"frustrante para los creadores. «De un lado, tenermos esta bella capacidad de "
+"compartir», dijo Amanda.«Del otro, tienes un monto de artistas confundidos "
+"pensando como hacer dinero para comprar comida de tal manera que puedan "
+"seguir haciendo arte.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5626
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7204
msgid ""
"Amanda began her artistic career as a street performer. She would dress up "
"in an antique wedding gown, paint her face white, stand on a stack of milk "
"to make it worth coming back the next day, enough people to help me make "
"rent and put food on the table. Enough so I could keep making art.”"
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5635
+"Amanda comenzó su carrera artística como una interprete callejera. Se vestia "
+"con un vestido de novia antiguo, se pintó la cara de blanco, se apoyaba en "
+"una pila de cajas de leche, y obsequiaba flores a los extraños como parte de "
+"un performance dramático silente. Recolectaba dinero con un sombrero. Mucha "
+"gente pasaba a su lado sin detenerse, pero unos pocos se sintieron "
+"inclinados a detenerse a observar y depositar algún dinero en su sombrero "
+"para mostrarle su aprecio. En lugar de obsesionarse con la mayoría de las "
+"personas que la ignoraron, ella se sintió agradecida por aquellos que se "
+"detuvieron. «Todo lo que necesitaba eran … algunas personas», escribió en su "
+"libro. «Suficiente gente. Suficiente gente para hacerlo valer la pena volver "
+"al dia siguiente, sufientes personas que me ayudaran a hacerlo rentable y "
+"poner comida en la mesa. Suficientes de tal manera que pudiera seguir "
+"haciendo arte.»"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7218
msgid ""
"Amanda has come a long way from her street-performing days, but her career "
"remains dominated by that same sentiment—finding ways to reach “her crowd” "
"no interest in Amanda’s view of success. They wanted hits, but making music "
"for the masses was never what Amanda and the Dresden Dolls set out to do."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5645
+"Amanda ha transitado una larga jornada desde sus dias de artista callejero, "
+"pero su carrera continua dominada por el mismo sentimiento—encontrar vias "
+"para alcanzar «su público» y sentir gratitud cuando ella lo logra. Con sus "
+"banda the Dresden Dolls, Amanda intentó el camino tradicional de cantar con "
+"una disquera. No funció por una variedad de razones, pero una de ellas fue "
+"que la disquera no tenía interes alguno en la visión de Amanda del exito. "
+"Ellos querían exitos de ventas, pero hacer música para las masas nunca fué "
+"lo que Amanda y the Dresden Dolls querían hacer."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7229
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with "
+#| "different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the "
+#| "public without involving a middle man, releasing digital files on a “pay "
+#| "what you want” basis and selling CDs and vinyl. She also made money from "
+#| "live performances and merchandise sales. Eventually, in 2012 she decided "
+#| "to try her hand at the sort of crowdfunding we know so well today. Her "
+#| "Kickstarter project started with a goal of \\$100,000, and she made \\"
+#| "$1.2 million. It remains one of the most successful Kickstarter projects "
+#| "of all time."
msgid ""
"After leaving the record label in 2008, she began experimenting with "
"different ways to make a living. She released music directly to the public "
"without involving a middle man, releasing digital files on a “pay what you "
-"want” basis and selling CDs and vinyl. She also made money from live "
-"performances and merchandise sales. Eventually, in 2012 she decided to try "
+"want” basis and selling CDs and vinyl. She also made money from live "
+"performances and merchandise sales. Eventually, in 2012 she decided to try "
"her hand at the sort of crowdfunding we know so well today. Her Kickstarter "
-"project started with a goal of \\$100,000, and she made \\$1.2 million. It "
+"project started with a goal of $100,000, and she made $1.2 million. It "
"remains one of the most successful Kickstarter projects of all time."
msgstr ""
+"Despues de dejar a la disquera en 2008, comenzó a experimentar con "
+"diferentes vias de hacer un ingreso. Liberó música directamente al público "
+"sin involucrar a un intermediario, proveyó archivos digitales en un modelo "
+"«paga lo que quieras» además de vender CDs y viniles. También ganó dinero al "
+"realizar performances en vivo y venta de mercancias. Finalmente, en 2012 "
+"decidió intentar el tipo de financiamiento comunitario que conocemos bien el "
+"dia de hoy. Su proyecto kickstarter comenzó con una meta de \\$100,000, y "
+"ella logró \\$1.2 millones. Es uno de los más exitosos proyectos de "
+"kickstarter de todos los tiempos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5655
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7241
msgid ""
"Today, Amanda has switched gears away from crowdfunding for specific "
"projects to instead getting consistent financial support from her fan base "
"thing” basis. All of the content she makes is made freely available under an "
"Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike license (CC BY-NC-SA)."
msgstr ""
+"En el presente, Amanda se ha alejado del financiamiento colectivo para "
+"proyectos específicos y en lugar de eso obtener un soporte financiero "
+"consistente de su base de fans en Patreon, un sitio de financiamiento "
+"comunitario que permite a los artistas obtener donaciones recurrentes de sus "
+"fans. Más de ocho mil personas han firmando parar apoyarla de manera que "
+"pueda crear música, arte, y cualquier otra «cosa» creativa que ella este "
+"inspirada a hacer. Todo el contenido que ella crear se hace disponible sin "
+"costo bajo la licencia Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike (CC BY-NC-SA)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5670
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7252
msgid ""
"Making her music and art available under Creative Commons licensing "
"undoubtedly limits her options for how she makes a living. But sharing her "
"later going on and putting our music in a Camel cigarette ad,” Amanda said. "
"Once she discovered Creative Commons, adopting the licenses was an easy "
"decision because it gave them a more formal, standardized way of doing what "
-"they had been doing all along. The NonCommercial licenses were a natural "
-"fit."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5677
-msgid ""
-"Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art "
+"they had been doing all along. The NonCommercial licenses were a natural fit."
+msgstr ""
+"Hacere su arte y música disponibles bajo licencias Creative Commons sin duda "
+"limita sus opciones en la forma que ella hace un ingreso. Pero compartir su "
+"trabajo ha sido parte de su modelo desde sus inicios de su carrera, incluso "
+"antes de que ella descubriera Creative Commons. Amanda cuenta que el grupo "
+"the Dresden Dolls solía recibir decenas de correos electrónicos por semana "
+"de sus fans preguntandoles si podían usar su música para diferentes "
+"proyectos. Ellas decian que sí a todas las solicitudes, en tanto no fueran "
+"para un emprendimiento con fines de lucro completamente. En ese tiempo, "
+"ellas usaban un acuerdo en formato pequeño escrito por Amanda. «Hacía firmar "
+"a todos el contrato y así al menos no dejaría a la banda vulnerable ante "
+"alguien que depues fuera nuestra música en un anuncio de cigarrillos Camel,» "
+"dijo Amanda. Una vez que ella descubrió Creative Commons, adoptar la "
+"licencia fue una decisión sencilla porque les daba un medio más formal, "
+"estandarizado de hacer lo que habían hecho todo el tiempo. Las licencias "
+"NonCommercial fueron como hechas a la medida."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7270
+msgid ""
+"Amanda embraces the way her fans share and build upon her music. In The Art "
"of Asking, she wrote that some of her fans’ unofficial videos using her "
-"music surpass the official videos in number of views on YouTube. Rather "
-"than seeing this sort of thing as competition, Amanda celebrates it. “We got "
-"into this because we wanted to share the joy of music,” she said."
+"music surpass the official videos in number of views on YouTube. Rather than "
+"seeing this sort of thing as competition, Amanda celebrates it. “We got into "
+"this because we wanted to share the joy of music,” she said."
msgstr ""
+"Amanda acepta las vias en que sus fans comparten y construyen a partir de su "
+"música. En su libro, The Art of Asking, escribió que algunos de los videos "
+"no oficilaes de sus fans usando su música sobrepasan en canttidad de vistas "
+"a los videos oficiales en YouTube. En vez de ver esto como una competencia, "
+"Amanda lo celebra. «Nos metimos en esto porque queriamos compartir el "
+"disfrute de la música, » dijo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5685
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7278
msgid ""
"This is symbolic of how nearly everything she does in her career is "
"motivated by a desire to connect with her fans. At the start of her career, "
"did most our early fans know where I lived and where we practiced, but most "
"of them had also been in my kitchen,” Amanda wrote in The Art of Asking."
msgstr ""
+"Esto simboliza como casi todo lo que hace en su carrera está motivado por un "
+"deseo de conectarse con sus fans. Al inicio de su carrera, ella y la banda "
+"daban conciertos en fiestas. Al ir creciendo los encuentros, la línea entre "
+"fans y amigos se desdibujo completamente. «No solamente la mayoría de "
+"nuestros fans sabían donde vivia y donde practicabamos, sino la mayoría "
+"habían estado en mi cosina,» escribió Amanda en The Art of Asking."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5695
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7287
msgid ""
"Even though her fan base is now huge and global, she continues to seek this "
"sort of human connection with her fans. She seeks out face-to-face contact "
"of her ability to connect with people is her willingness to listen. "
"“Listening fast and caring immediately is a skill unto itself,” Amanda wrote."
msgstr ""
+"Aunque ahora que la base de admiradores es amplia y global, ella continúa "
+"buscando este tipo de conexión humana con sus fans. Busca el contacto cara-a-"
+"cara con sus adeptos en cada oportunidad que se le presenta. Su muy exitoso "
+"proyecto en Kickstarter realizó cincuenta conciertos en fiestas para los "
+"participantes. Ella emplea horas atendiendo la fila para autográfos después "
+"del espectáculo. Ayuda que Amanda tiene el tipo de personalidad atrayente, "
+"dinámica que instantaneamente atrae personas hacia ella, pero un gran "
+"componente de su habilidad para conectarse con la gente es su voluntad para "
+"escuchar. «Escuchar y tomar en cuenta de inmediato es una habilidad de uno "
+"mismo,» escribió Amanda."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5704
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7299
msgid ""
"Another part of the connection fans feel with Amanda is how much they know "
"about her life. Rather than trying to craft a public persona or image, she "
-"essentially lives her life as an open book. She has written openly about "
+"essentially lives her life as an open book. She has written openly about "
"incredibly personal events in her life, and she isn’t afraid to be "
"vulnerable. Having that kind of trust in her fans—the trust it takes to be "
"truly honest—begets trust from her fans in return. When she meets fans for "
"the first time after a show, they can legitimately feel like they know her."
msgstr ""
+"Otra parte de la conexión que sienten los fans con Amanada es cuanto saben "
+"ellos de su vida. En vez de tratar de crear una imagen o un personaje "
+"público, ella esencialmente vive su vida como un libro abierto. Ha escrito "
+"públicamente acerca de evento personales increíbles en su vida, y ella no "
+"esta atemorizada de estar vulnerable. Tener tal tipo de confianza en sus fans"
+"—la confianza que toma ser verdaderamente honesto—geneta confianza en "
+"retorno de sus fans. Cuando ella se reune con sus fans por primera vez "
+"después de un espectáculo, ellos pueden sentir legitimamente que la conocen."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5711
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7309
msgid ""
"“With social media, we’re so concerned with the picture looking palatable "
"and consumable that we forget that being human and showing the flaws and "
"exposing the vulnerability actually create a deeper connection than just "
-"looking fantastic,” Amanda said. “Everything in our culture is telling us "
+"looking fantastic,” Amanda said. “Everything in our culture is telling us "
"otherwise. But my experience has shown me that the risk of making yourself "
"vulnerable is almost always worth it.”"
msgstr ""
+"«Con los medios de interacción social en línea, estamos tan preocupados de "
+"que la imágen sea aceptable y consumible que olvidamos que mostrarse "
+"humano, exhibir los errores y exponer la vulnerabilidad ciertamente crea "
+"una conexión más profunda que solo verse fantastica,» comentó Amanda.«Todo "
+"en nuestra cultura nos dice lo contrario. Pero mi experiencia me ha mostrado "
+"que el riesgo de hacerte vulnerable casi siempre vale la pena. »"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5719
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7318
msgid ""
"Not only does she disclose intimate details of her life to them, she sleeps "
"on their couches, listens to their stories, cries with them. In short, she "
"her use of Creative Commons licenses. Because that is what you do with your "
"friends—you share."
msgstr ""
+"Ella no solo descubre detalles íntimos de su vida a ellos, duerme en sus "
+"sofás, escucha sus historias, llora con ellos. En corto, trata a sus fans "
+"cómo amigos en casi todos los aspectos, incluso cuando sean completos "
+"extraños. Esta mentalidad—que los fans son amigos—esta completamente "
+"entrelazda con el exito de Amanda como artista. Esta también entretejida con "
+"el uso de las licencias Creative Commons que hace ella. Porque eso es lo que "
+"haces con los amigos—compartes."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5727
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7328
msgid ""
"After years of investing time and energy into building trust with her fans, "
"she has a strong enough relationship with them to ask for support—through "
"from people who know and trust you. People who feel personally invested in "
"your success."
msgstr ""
+"Después de años de invertir tiempo y energía en construir confianza con sus "
+"fans, ella tiene una relación con ellos para solicitar apoyo—a través de "
+"donaciones paga-lo-que-quieras, Kickstarter, Patreon, e incluso pedirles que "
+"den una mano en un concierto. Como Amanda lo explica, el financiamiento "
+"comunitario ( que es realmente lo que todas estas diferentes opciones son) "
+"es acerca de solicitar apoyo de la gente que te conoce y confía en ti. "
+"Personas que se sienten involucradas en su éxito."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5734
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7338
msgid ""
"“When you openly, radically trust people, they not only take care of you, "
"they become your allies, your family,” she wrote. There really is a feeling "
"band encouraged people to dress up for their shows. They consciously "
"cultivated a feeling of belonging to their “weird little family.”"
msgstr ""
+"«Cuando confias en la gente, decidida y radicalmente, no solo te cuidan, se "
+"vuelven tus aliados, tu familia,» ella escribió. Existe un sentimiento de "
+"solidaridad dentro del núcleo de la base de fans. Desde el comienzo, Amanda "
+"y su banda motivaron a las personas a preparase para asistir a sus "
+"espectáculos. Ellos cultivaron conscientemente un sentimiento de pertenencia "
+"a su «pequeña familia rara.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5742
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7346
msgid ""
"This sort of intimacy with fans is not possible or even desirable for every "
"creator. “I don’t take for granted that I happen to be the type of person "
"them. It’s about finding a way to channel energy in a way that is joyful to "
"you.”"
msgstr ""
+"Este tipo de intimidad con los fans no es posible o incluso deseable para "
+"cualquier creador. «No doy por hecho que yo sea el tipo de persona que guste "
+"engancharse con extraños,» comentó Amanda. « Reconozco que no es "
+"necesariamente la idea de un buen momento de cualquiera. Todos lo hacen "
+"diferente. Repetir lo que hice no le funcionará a los demas si no es "
+"placentero para ellos. Es acerca de encontrar un medio de canalizar energía "
+"en una forma que sea placentera para tí.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5753
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7355
msgid ""
"Yet while Amanda joyfully interacts with her fans and involves them in her "
"work as much as possible, she does keep one job primarily to herself—writing "
"describes it as casting a net. It starts with the art and then the bond "
"strengthens with human connection."
msgstr ""
+"Mientas Amanda interactúa placenteramente con sus fans y los involucra en su "
+"trabajo tanto como sea posible, ella se guarda un trabajo principalmente "
+"para sí misma—escribir música. Ella ama la creatividad con la que sus fans "
+"usan y adaptan su trabajo, pero ella intencionalmente no los involucra en la "
+"primer etapa de su trabajo artístico. Y, por supuesto, las canciones y la "
+"música son lo que inicialmente atrajo a la gente hacia Amanda Palmer. Es "
+"únicamente cuando se ha conectado con la gente a través de su música que "
+"entonces ella comienza a vincularse con ellos en un nivel más personal, en "
+"persona y en línea. En su libro, Amanda lo describe como crear una red. "
+"Comineza con el arte y entonces el nexo se fortalece con la conexión humana."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5761
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7368
msgid ""
"For Amanda, the entire point of being an artist is to establish and maintain "
"this connection. “It sounds so corny,” she said, “but my experience in forty "
"through a capitalist lens. There is no more satisfying end goal than having "
"someone tell you that what you do is genuinely of value to them.”"
msgstr ""
+"Para Amanda, el punto de ser una artista es establecer y mantener esta "
+"conexión. «Suena muy cursi,» dice ella,«pero mi experiencia en cuarenta años "
+"en este planeta me ha señalado una verdad obvia—que las conexiones con seres "
+"humanos se sienten mucho mejor y son más satisfactorias que acercarse al "
+"arte a través de la óptica capitalista. No hay meta más satisfactoria que "
+"tener alguien que te diga que lo que hace es genuinamente valioso para "
+"ellos.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5769
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7377
msgid ""
"As she explains it, when a fan gives her a ten-dollar bill, usually what "
"they are saying is that the money symbolizes some deeper value the music "
"provided them. For Amanda, art is not just a product; it’s a relationship. "
"Viewed from this lens, what Amanda does today is not that different from "
"what she did as a young street performer. She shares her music and other "
-"artistic gifts. She shares herself. And then rather than forcing people to "
+"artistic gifts. She shares herself. And then rather than forcing people to "
"help her, she lets them."
msgstr ""
+"Como ella explica, cuando un fan le da diez dolares, usualmente lo que ellos "
+"dicen es que el dinero simboliza algun valor profundo que la música les "
+"proporcionó. Para Amanda, el arte no es solo un producto; es una relación. "
+"Visto desde esta óptica, lo que Amanda hace hoy no es tán diferente de lo "
+"que hizo como una joven artista de la calle. Ella comparte su música y "
+"otros obsequiso artísticos. Ella se comparte a sí misma. Y en vez de forzar "
+"a la gente a ayudarla, los deja hacer."
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5773
-msgid ""
-"http://www.forbes.com/sites/zackomalleygreenburg/2015/04/16/amanda-palmer-"
-"uncut-the-kickstarter-queen-on-spotify-patreon-and-taylor-swift/"
-"\\#44e20ce46d67"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5775
-msgid "## PLOS (Public Library of Science)"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7388
+msgid "PLOS (Public Library of Science)"
+msgstr "PLOS (Biblioteca pública de ciencia)"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5779
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7391
msgid ""
"PLOS (Public Library of Science) is a nonprofit that publishes a library of "
-"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U."
+"academic journals and other scientific literature. Founded in 2000 in the U."
"S."
msgstr ""
+"PLOS (Public Library of Science/Biblioteca pública de ciencia) es una "
+"entidad sin ánimo de lucro que publica una biblioteca de revistas académicas "
+"y otra literatura científica. Fundada en el 2000 en los E.U.A."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5781
-msgid "plos.org"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7396
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5784
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7398
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Revenue model: charging content creators an author processing charge to "
+#| "be featured in the journal"
msgid ""
-"Revenue model: charging content creators an author processing charge to be "
-"featured in the journal"
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging content "
+"creators an author processing charge to be featured in the journal"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de ingresos: cobrar a los creadores de contenido un cargo por "
+"procesamiento de autor para ser incluido en la revista"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5786
-msgid "Interview date: March 7, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7402
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: March 7, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 7, 2016"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 7 de marzo, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5788
-msgid "Interviewee: Louise Page, publisher"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7404
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: Louise Page, publisher"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Louise Page, publisher"
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Louise Page, Editor"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5802
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7412
msgid ""
"The Public Library of Science (PLOS) began in 2000 when three leading "
"scientists—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, and Michael Eisen—started an "
"access journals for biomedicine, with research articles being released under "
"Attribution (CC BY) licenses."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5812
+"La biblioteca pública de ciencia (PLOS) comenzó en el año 2000 cuando tres "
+"científicos prominentes—Harold E. Varmus, Patrick O. Brown, y Michael Eisen—"
+"empezaron una solicitud enlinea. Llamaron a los demás científicos a dejar de "
+"enviar sus publicaciones a las revistas especializadas que no liberaran "
+"inmediatamente o en los seis meses siguientes el texto completo de sus "
+"publicaciones enviadas. Aunque decenas de miles firmaron la petición, la "
+"mayoría no siguia adelante. En agosto del 2001, Patrick y Michael anunciaron "
+"que ellos comenzarian su propia publicación sin ánimo de lucro para llevar a "
+"cabo lo que la petición prometia. Con el financiamiento inicial de la "
+"fundación Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, PLOS fue lanzado para "
+"proporcionar publicaciones especializadas de acceso abierto para "
+"biomedicina, con artículos de investigación que son sacados bajo licencias "
+"Attribution (CC BY)."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7426
msgid ""
"Traditionally, academic publishing begins with an author submitting a "
"manuscript to a publisher. After in-house technical and ethical "
"considerations, the article is then peer-reviewed to determine if the "
-"quality of the work is acceptable for publishing. Once accepted, the "
+"quality of the work is acceptable for publishing. Once accepted, the "
"publisher takes the article through the process of copyediting, typesetting, "
-"and eventual publishing in a print or online publication. Traditional "
+"and eventual publishing in a print or online publication. Traditional "
"journal publishers recover costs and earn profit by charging a subscription "
"fee to libraries or an access fee to users wanting to read the journal or "
"article."
msgstr ""
+"Tradicionalmente, las publicaciones académicas comienzan con un autor "
+"enviando un manuscrito a un editor. Después de las consideraciones éticas y "
+"técnicas internas, el artículo es revisado por pares para determinar si la "
+"calidad del trabajo es aceptable para su publicación. Una vez aceptado, el "
+"editor toma el artículo a través de un proceso de copia y edición, "
+"transcripción, y eventualmente los publica impresos o enlinea. Los editores "
+"tradicionales recuperan costos y ganan ingresos al cobrar una cuota por "
+"suscripción a las bibliotecas o una cuota de acceso a los usuario que "
+"quieran leer la revista especializada o un artículo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5822
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7437
msgid ""
"For Louise Page, the current publisher of PLOS, this traditional model "
"results in inequity. Access is restricted to those who can pay. Most "
"research slows the dissemination of this research and advancement of the "
"field. It was time for a new model."
msgstr ""
+"Para Louise Page, el actual editor de PLOS, este modelo tradicional resulta "
+"en desigualdades. El acceso esta restringido para aquellos que pueden pagar. "
+"La mayoría de la investigación esta financiada a través de instituciones "
+"gubernamentales, esto es, con fondos públicos. Es injusto que el público que "
+"financió la investigación se le requiera pagar nuevamente para acceder al "
+"resultado. No todos pueden pagar las cuotas de subscripción siempre en "
+"aumento, que los editores cobran, especialmente cuando los presupuestos de "
+"las bibliotecas estan siendo reducidos. Restringir el acceso a los "
+"resultados de las investigaciones científicas ralentizan la diseminación de "
+"la investigación y avance del campo. Era tiempo para un nuevo modelo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5832
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7449
msgid ""
"That new model became known as open access. That is, free and open "
"availability on the Internet. Open-access research articles are not behind a "
"paywall and do not require a login. A key benefit of open access is that it "
"allows people to freely use, copy, and distribute the articles, as they are "
-"primarily published under an Attribution (CC BY) license (which only "
+"primarily published under an Attribution (CC BY) license (which only "
"requires the user to provide appropriate attribution). And more importantly, "
"policy makers, clinicians, entrepreneurs, educators, and students around the "
"world have free and timely access to the latest research immediately on "
"publication."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5843
+"Ese nuevo modelo se conoció como acceso abierto. Esto es, disponibilidad "
+"abierta y sin costo en la Internet. Los artículos de investigación con "
+"acceso abierto no estan detrás de un acceso restringido por pago y no "
+"requieren credenciales de acceso. Un beneficio fundamental del acceso "
+"abierto es que le permite a la gente usar libremente, copiar, y distribuir "
+"los artículos, en tanto sean publicados bajo una licencia Attribution (CC "
+"BY) (la cual únicamente solicita al usuario dar la apropiada autoría ). Y "
+"más importante, los creadores de políticas , profesionales clínicos de la "
+"salud emprendedores, educadores, y los estudiantes alrededor del mundo "
+"tienen acceso libre y en tiempo a la última investigación inmediatamente en "
+"publicación."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7461
msgid ""
"However, open access requires rethinking the business model of research "
"publication. Rather than charge a subscription fee to access the journal, "
"PLOS decided to turn the model on its head and charge a publication fee, "
-"known as an article-processing charge. This up-front fee, generally paid by "
+"known as an article-processing charge. This up-front fee, generally paid by "
"the funder of the research or the author’s institution, covers the expenses "
"such as editorial oversight, peer-review management, journal production, "
"online hosting, and support for discovery. Fees are per article and are "
"billed upon acceptance for publishing. There are no additional charges based "
"on word length, figures, or other elements."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5851
+"No obstante, el libre acceso requiere repensar el modelo de negocios de las "
+"publicaciones de investigación. En vez de cobrar una cuota de subscripción "
+"para acceder a la publicación especializada, PLOS decidió cambiar el modelo "
+"completamente y cobrar una cuota de publicación, conocida como cobro por "
+"procesamiento de artículo.Esta cuaota inicial, generalmente pagada por el "
+"financiador de la investigación o la institución del autor, cubre los gastos "
+"tales como supervisión editorial , gestión de la revisión por pares, "
+"producción de la revista especializada, servicios de alojamiento enlinea, y "
+"apoyo para el descubrimiento. Las cuotas son por artículo y son cobradas "
+"cuando se acepta para publicación. No hay cargos adicionales basados en "
+"logitud de palabras, figuras, u otros elementos."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7473
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs "
+#| "associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article "
+#| "that collectively recovers costs. For PLOS’s journals in biology, "
+#| "medicine, genetics, computational biology, neglected tropical diseases, "
+#| "and pathogens, the article-processing charge ranges from \\$2,250 to \\"
+#| "$2,900. Article-publication charges for PLOS ONE, a journal started in "
+#| "2006, are just under \\$1,500."
msgid ""
"Calculating the article-processing charge involves taking all the costs "
"associated with publishing the journal and determining a cost per article "
"that collectively recovers costs. For PLOS’s journals in biology, medicine, "
"genetics, computational biology, neglected tropical diseases, and pathogens, "
-"the article-processing charge ranges from \\$2,250 to \\$2,900. Article-"
+"the article-processing charge ranges from $2,250 to $2,900. Article-"
"publication charges for PLOS ONE, a journal started in 2006, are just under "
-"\\$1,500."
+"$1,500."
msgstr ""
+"Calcular el cobro por procesamiento de artículo involucra tomar todos los "
+"costos asociados con la publicación de una revista especializada y "
+"determinar un costo por artículo que colectivamente recupere los costos. "
+"Para las revistas especializadas de PLOS en biología, medicina, genética, "
+"biología computacional, enfermedades tropicales descuidadas, y patógenos, el "
+"cobro pro procesamiento por artículo va de \\$2,250 a \\$2,900. Los cobros "
+"de publicación por artículo para PLOS ONE, una revista especializada que "
+"comenzó en 2006, son debajo de los \\$1,500."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5856
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7482
msgid ""
-"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. "
+"PLOS believes that lack of funds should not be a barrier to publication. "
"Since its inception, PLOS has provided fee support for individuals and "
"institutions to help authors who can’t afford the article-processing charges."
msgstr ""
+"PLOS cree que la falta de fondos no debería ser una barrera para la "
+"publicación. Desde sus comienzos, PLOS ha dado apoyo a los individuos e "
+"instituciones para ayudar a los autores que no pueden pagar los cargos por "
+"procesamiento por artículo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5871
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7488
msgid ""
"Louise identifies marketing as one area of big difference between PLOS and "
"traditional journal publishers. Traditional journals have to invest heavily "
"in staff, buildings, and infrastructure to market their journal and convince "
-"customers to subscribe. Restricting access to subscribers means that tools "
+"customers to subscribe. Restricting access to subscribers means that tools "
"for managing access control are necessary. They spend millions of dollars on "
-"access-control systems, staff to manage them, and sales staff. With PLOS’s "
+"access-control systems, staff to manage them, and sales staff. With PLOS’s "
"open-access publishing, there’s no need for these massive expenses; the "
"articles are free, open, and accessible to all upon publication. "
"Additionally, traditional publishers tend to spend more on marketing to "
"community and giving the authors exposure. And this encourages other authors "
"to submit their work for publication."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5878
+"Louise identifica la mercadotecnia como una de las áreas de gran diferencia "
+"entre las editoriales de revistas especializadas tradicionales y PLOS. Las "
+"revistas especializadas tradicionales tienen que invertir fuertemente en "
+"staff, instalaciones, e infraestructura para vender su revista especializada "
+"y convencer a los usuarios de suscribirse. Restringir el acceso a los "
+"suscriptores significa que son necesarias herramientas de gestión de control "
+"de accesos. Ellos gastan millones de dolares en sistemas de control de "
+"accesos, personal para manejarlos, y equipos de ventas. Con las "
+"publicaciones de acceso abierto de PLOS, no hay necesidad de esos gastos "
+"masivos; los artículos son sin costo, abiertos, y accesibles para todos "
+"desde la publicación. Adicionalmente, los editores tradicionales tienden a "
+"gastar más en mercadear para las bibliotecas, quienes pagan las cuotas de "
+"suscripción finalmente. PLOS provee un mejor servicio para los autores al "
+"promover sus investigaciones directamente a la comunidad investigadora y "
+"darles exposición a los autores. Y esto motiva a otros autores para enviar "
+"su trabajo para publicación."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7505
msgid ""
"For Louise, PLOS would not exist without the Attribution license (CC BY). "
"This makes it very clear what rights are associated with the content and "
"provides a safe way for researchers to make their work available while "
-"ensuring they get recognition (appropriate attribution). For PLOS, all of "
+"ensuring they get recognition (appropriate attribution). For PLOS, all of "
"this aligns with how they think research content should be published and "
"disseminated."
msgstr ""
+"Para Louise, PLOS no podría existir sin la licencia Attribution (CC BY). "
+"Esto hace muy claro que derechos estan asociados con el contenido y proveen "
+"un medio seguro para los investigadores para hacer su trabajo disponible "
+"mientras se aseguran de obtener reconocimiento por el mismo ( autoría "
+"apropiada ). Para PLOS, todo esto se alinea con la idea que tienen acerca de "
+"cómo debería ser publicado y difundido el contenido de investigación."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5882
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7513
msgid ""
"PLOS also has a broad open-data policy. To get their research paper "
"published, PLOS authors must also make their data available in a public "
"repository and provide a data-availability statement."
msgstr ""
+"PLOS también tiene una política amplia de datos abiertos. Para que el paper "
+"de investigación, los autores de PLOS también deben poner sus datos "
+"disponibles en un repositorio público y proporcionar un declaración de "
+"disponibilidad de datos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5890
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7518
msgid ""
"Business-operation costs associated with the open-access model still largely "
"follow the existing publishing model. PLOS journals are online only, but the "
"notch. PLOS has to function as well as or better than other premier "
"journals, as researchers have a choice about where to publish."
msgstr ""
+"Los costos de operaciones asociados con el modelo de acceso abierto en gran "
+"medida aún siguen el modelo de publicación existente. Las revistas "
+"especializadas PLOS estan únicamente enlinea, pero la editorial, la revisión "
+"por pares, la producción, transcripción y las etapas de publicación son "
+"todas iguales que las de un editor tradicional. Los equipos editoriales "
+"deben de ser de primer nivel. PLOS tiene que funcionar tan bien o mejor que "
+"otras revistas especializadas prominentes, porque los investigadores tienen "
+"opciones en donde publicar."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5895
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7527
msgid ""
"Researchers are influenced by journal rankings, which reflect the place of a "
"journal within its field, the relative difficulty of being published in that "
"journal, and the prestige associated with it. PLOS journals rank high, even "
"though they are relatively new."
msgstr ""
+"Los investigadores estan influenciados por las clasificaciones, las cuales "
+"reflejan el lugar de la revista especializada en su campo, la relativa "
+"dificultad de ser publicado en esa revista especializada, y el prestigio "
+"asociado con ello. Las revistas especializadas PLOS se clasifican alto, "
+"incluso cuando ellas son relativamente nuevas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5903
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7533
msgid ""
"The promotion and tenure of researchers are partially based how many times "
"other researchers cite their articles. Louise says when researchers want to "
"CC BY licensing of PLOS research articles ensures easy access for readers "
"and generates more discovery and citations for authors."
msgstr ""
+"La posición y la promoción de los investigadores está parcialmente basada en "
+"cuantas veces otros investigadores citen sus artículos. Louise dice que "
+"cuando los investigadores quieren encontrar y leér el trabajo de otros en el "
+"campo, van a un agregador enlinea o un motor de busquedas, y no tipicamente "
+"a una revista especializada en particular. Los artículos de investigación de "
+"PLOS licenciados bajo CC BY garantizan el fácil acceso a los lectores y "
+"generan más descubrimientos y citas a los autores."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5910
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7542
msgid ""
"Louise believes that open access has been a huge success, progressing from a "
"movement led by a small cadre of researchers to something that is now "
"big impact. In 2012 to 2014, they published more open-access articles than "
"BioMed Central, the original open-access publisher, or anyone else."
msgstr ""
+"Louise cree que el acceso abierto ha sido un gran éxito, progresando de un "
+"movimiento llevado por un pequeño grupo de investigadores hacia algo que se "
+"ha esparcido y es usado de alguna forma por las editoriales de revistas "
+"especializadas. PLOS ha tenido un gran impacto. De 2012 a 2014, han "
+"publicado más artículos de acceso abierto que BioMed Central, la editorial "
+"de acceso abierto inicial, o que cualquiera."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5931
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7550
msgid ""
"PLOS further disrupted the traditional journal-publishing model by "
"pioneering the concept of a megajournal. The PLOS ONE megajournal, launched "
"larger than a traditional journal, publishing thousands of articles per year "
"and benefiting from economies of scale. PLOS ONE has a broad scope, covering "
"science and medicine as well as social sciences and the humanities. The "
-"review and editorial process is less subjective. Articles are accepted for "
+"review and editorial process is less subjective. Articles are accepted for "
"publication based on whether they are technically sound rather than "
"perceived importance or relevance. This is very important in the current "
"debate about the integrity and reproducibility of research because negative "
"or null results can then be published as well, which are generally rejected "
-"by traditional journals. PLOS ONE, like all the PLOS journals, is online "
+"by traditional journals. PLOS ONE, like all the PLOS journals, is online "
"only with no print version. PLOS passes on the financial savings accrued "
"through economies of scale to researchers and the public by lowering the "
"article-processing charges, which are below that of other journals. PLOS ONE "
"the value of the PLOS ONE model and are now offering their own "
"multidisciplinary forums for publishing all sound science."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5935
+"Posteriormente PLOS provocó una brusca ruptura en el modelo tradicional de "
+"publicación de las revistas especializadas al crear el concepto de mega "
+"revista especializada. La PLOS ONE megajournal, lanzada en 2006, es una "
+"revista especializada académica de acceso abierto revisada por pares que es "
+"mucho más extensa que una revista especializada tradicional, publicando "
+"miles de artículos por año y beneficiandose de las economías de escala. PLOS "
+"ONE tiene un enfoque amplio, cubriendo medicina y ciencia asi como ciencias "
+"sociales y humanidades. La revisión y el proceso editorial es menos "
+"subjetivo. Los artículos son aceptados para su publicación basandose en su "
+"solidez técnica en vez de la percepción de relevancia o importancia. Esto es "
+"muy importante en el debate actual acerca de la integridad y la "
+"reproducibilidad de las investigaciones porque los resultados nulos o "
+"negativos pueden ser publicados también, lo cual es generalmente rechazado "
+"por la revistas especializadas tradicionales. PLOS ONE, como todas las "
+"revistas especializadas PLOS, es únicamente enlinea sin versión impresa. "
+"PLOS transfiere los ahorros financieros obtenidos de las economías de escala "
+"a los investigadores y el público al reducir los costos por procesamiento de "
+"artículos, que son inferiores a los de otras revistas. PLOS ONE es la "
+"revista especializada más grande en el mundo y realmente ha puesto el "
+"estándar para las publicaciones académicas de revistas especializadas a gran "
+"escala. Otros editores han visto el valor del modelo PLOS ONE y están "
+"ofreciendo sus propios foros multidisciplinarios para la publicación de todo "
+"lo referente a la ciencia."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7574
msgid ""
"Louise outlined some other aspects of the research-journal business model "
"PLOS is experimenting with, describing each as a kind of slider that could "
"be adjusted to change current practice."
msgstr ""
+"Louise esbozo algunos otros aspectos del modelo de negocios PLOS que las "
+"revistas especializadas de investigación están experimentando, "
+"describiendolos como un tipo de deslizador que puede ser ajustado para "
+"cambiar la práctica actual."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5940
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7579
msgid ""
"One slider is time to publication. Time to publication may shorten as "
-"journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, "
+"journals get better at providing quicker decisions to authors. However, "
"there is always a trade-off with scale, as the bigger the volume of "
"articles, the more time the approval process inevitably takes."
msgstr ""
+"Un deslizador es el tiempo de publicación. El tiempo de publicación puede "
+"ser reducido cuando las revistas especializadas se vuelven mejores al "
+"proveer rapidamente sus decisiones a los autores. Aunque, siempre existe un "
+"tema con la escala, mientras más grande sea el volumen de los artículos, "
+"más tiempo requerirá inevitablemente el tiempo de aprobación."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5950
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7586
msgid ""
"Peer review is another part of the process that could change. It’s possible "
"to redefine what peer review actually is, when to review, and what "
"public. An open-review process can also ensure everyone gets credit; right "
"now, credit is limited to the publisher and author."
msgstr ""
+"La revisión por pares es otra parte del proceso que puede cambiar. Es "
+"posible redefinir que es realmente la revisión por pares. cuando revisar, y "
+"qué constituye el artículo final para publicación. Louise comentó acerca de "
+"la capacidad para cambiar a un proceso de revisión abierta, poniendo el "
+"énfasis en la transparencia en vez de revisiones de doble-ciego. Louise "
+"piensa que nos estamos moviendo hacia una dirección donde es cientamente "
+"benéfico para el autor saber quien esta revisando su paper y por el revisor "
+"saber que su revisión será publicada. Un proceso de revisión abierta también "
+"puede asegurar a todos obtener credito; en este momento, los créditos están "
+"limitados al autor y la editorial."
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-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5955
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7598
msgid ""
"Louise says research with negative outcomes is almost as important as "
"positive results. If journals published more research with negative "
"outcomes, we’d learn from what didn’t work. It could also reduce how much "
"the research wheel gets reinvented around the world."
msgstr ""
+"Louise comenta que los investigadores con resultados negativos son casi tan "
+"importantes como los resultados positivos. Si las revistas especializadas "
+"publicaran más investigaciones con resultados negativos, aprenderiamos de lo "
+"que no funcionó. También podría disminuír la cantidad de veces que la rueda "
+"de la investigación se reinventa alrededor del mundo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5970
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7605
msgid ""
"Another adjustable practice is the sharing of articles at early preprint "
"stages. Publication of research in a peer-reviewed journal can take a long "
"practice of distributing pre-print documents that have not yet undergone "
"peer review. Preprints broaden the peer-review process, allowing authors to "
"receive early feedback from a wide group of peers, which can help revise and "
-"prepare the article for submission. Offsetting the advantages of preprints "
+"prepare the article for submission. Offsetting the advantages of preprints "
"are author concerns over ensuring their primacy of being first to come up "
-"with findings based on their research. Other researches may see findings "
-"the preprint author has not yet thought of. However, preprints help "
-"researchers get their discoveries out early and establish precedence. A big "
-"challenge is that researchers don’t have a lot of time to comment on "
-"preprints."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
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+"with findings based on their research. Other researches may see findings the "
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+"get their discoveries out early and establish precedence. A big challenge is "
+"that researchers don’t have a lot of time to comment on preprints."
+msgstr ""
+"Otra práctica ajustable es la distribución de artículos en las etapas "
+"iniciales de preimpresión. La publicación de la investigación en una revista "
+"especializada con revisión por pares puede tomar mucho tiempo porque los "
+"artículos deben de pasar por por una revisión por pares extensiva. La "
+"necesidad de hacer circular rápidamente los resultados actuales dentro de "
+"una comunidad científica ha llevado a la práctica de distribución de "
+"documentos preprint que todavía no han pasado por la revisión por pares. "
+"Los documentos preprint amplian el proceso de revisión por pares, "
+"permitiendo a los autores recibir realimentación temprana de un amplio grupo "
+"de pares, los cuales pueden ayudar a revisar y preparar el artículo para su "
+"envio. Balancear las ventajas de los preprints son las preocupaciones de los "
+"autores por encima de garantizar su primacía al ser los primeros en mostrar "
+"resultados basados en su investigación. Otros investigadores pueden ver "
+"hallazgos que los autores del preprint no han pensado todavía. De todas "
+"maneras, los preprints ayudan a los investigadores muestran sus "
+"descubrimientos temprano y establecen precedencia. Un gran desafío es que "
+"los investigadores no tienen mucho tiempo para comentar los preprints."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7623
msgid ""
"What constitutes a journal article could also change. The idea of a research "
-"article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and "
+"article as printed, bound, and in a library stack is outdated. Digital and "
"online open up new possibilities, such as a living document evolving over "
"time, inclusion of audio and video, and interactivity, like discussion and "
"recommendations. Even the size of what gets published could change. With "
"these changes the current form factor for what constitutes a research "
"article would undergo transformation."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5990
+"Lo que constituye un artículo de revista especializada puede cambiar. La "
+"idea de un artículo de investigación impreso, listo, y en un estante de "
+"biblioteca es obsoleta. La disponibilidad digital y enlinea abren nuevas "
+"posibilidades, tales como un documento viviente que evoluciona a través del "
+"tiempo, la inclusión del audio y del video, e interactividad, como "
+"discusiones y recomendaciones. Con estos cambios el actual factor de forma "
+"para lo que constituye un artículo de investigación sufriría "
+"transformaciones."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7637
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://collections.plos.org\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7641
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://plos.org/article-level-metrics\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7633
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more "
+#| "information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel "
+#| "like drinking from a fire hose. To help mitigate this, PLOS aggregates "
+#| "and curates content from PLOS journals and their network of blogs.1 It "
+#| "also offers something called Article-Level Metrics, which helps users "
+#| "assess research most relevant to the field itself, based on indicators "
+#| "like usage, citations, social bookmarking and dissemination activity, "
+#| "media and blog coverage, discussions, and ratings.2 Louise believes that "
+#| "the journal model could evolve to provide a more friendly and interactive "
+#| "user experience, including a way for readers to communicate with authors."
msgid ""
"As journals scale up, and new journals are introduced, more and more "
"information is being pushed out to readers, making the experience feel like "
"drinking from a fire hose. To help mitigate this, PLOS aggregates and "
-"curates content from PLOS journals and their network of blogs.1 It also "
-"offers something called Article-Level Metrics, which helps users assess "
-"research most relevant to the field itself, based on indicators like usage, "
-"citations, social bookmarking and dissemination activity, media and blog "
-"coverage, discussions, and ratings.2 Louise believes that the journal model "
-"could evolve to provide a more friendly and interactive user experience, "
-"including a way for readers to communicate with authors."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:5999
+"curates content from PLOS journals and their network of blogs.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It also offers something called Article-Level "
+"Metrics, which helps users assess research most relevant to the field "
+"itself, based on indicators like usage, citations, social bookmarking and "
+"dissemination activity, media and blog coverage, discussions, and ratings."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> Louise believes that the journal "
+"model could evolve to provide a more friendly and interactive user "
+"experience, including a way for readers to communicate with authors."
+msgstr ""
+"Mientras las revistas especializadas crecen, y nuevas revistas "
+"especializadas son introducidas, más y más información es empujada a los "
+"lectores; haciendo a la experiencia como beber de una manguera contra "
+"incendios. Para ayudar a mitigar esto, PLOS agrega y cura el contenido de "
+"las revistas especializadas PLOS y de su red de blogs. 1 También ofrece algo "
+"llamado métricas artículo-nivel, las que ayudan al usuario a evaluar las "
+"investigaciones más relevantes para el campo mísmo, basadas en indicadores "
+"como uso, citas, marcadores sociales y diseminación de la actividad, medios "
+"y cubrimiento por blogs, discusiones, e índices de audiencias. 2 Louise cree "
+"que el modelo de revista especializada puede evolucionar para proveer una "
+"experiencia de uso más amigable e interactiva, incluyendo una via para los "
+"lectores para comunicarse con los autores."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7646
msgid ""
"The big picture for PLOS going forward is to combine and adjust these "
"experimental practices in ways that continue to improve accessibility and "
"dissemination of research, while ensuring its integrity and reliability. The "
-"ways they interlink are complex. The process of change and adjustment is not "
-"linear. PLOS sees itself as a very flexible publisher interested in "
+"ways they interlink are complex. The process of change and adjustment is "
+"not linear. PLOS sees itself as a very flexible publisher interested in "
"exploring all the permutations research-publishing can take, with authors "
"and readers who are open to experimentation."
msgstr ""
+"El panorama general para PLOS en el futiro es combinar y ajustar estas "
+"prácticas experimentales de manera que continúen mejorando el acceso y la "
+"difusión de la investigación, mientras asegura su integridad y fiabilidad. "
+"La forma en que se entrelazan es compleja. El proceso de cambio y ajuste es "
+"no lineal. PLOS se ve a sí mismo como una editorial muy flexible interesada "
+"en explorar todas las permutaciones que pueda haber entre investigador-"
+"editorial, con autores y lectores quienes estan abiertos a la "
+"experimentación."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6007
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7656
msgid ""
"For PLOS, success is not about revenue. Success is about proving that "
"scientific research can be communicated rapidly and economically at scale, "
-"for the benefit of researchers and society. The CC BY license makes it "
+"for the benefit of researchers and society. The CC BY license makes it "
"possible for PLOS to publish in a way that is unfettered, open, and fast, "
-"while ensuring that the authors get credit for their work. More than two "
+"while ensuring that the authors get credit for their work. More than two "
"million scientists, scholars, and clinicians visit PLOS every month, with "
"more than 135,000 quality articles to peruse for free."
msgstr ""
+"Para PLOS, el éxito no se refiere a las ganancias. El éxito es probar que la "
+"investigación científica puede ser comunicada rápida y económicamente a "
+"escala, para el beneficio de los investigadores y la sociedad. La licencia "
+"CC BY hace posible para PLOS publicar de una manera sin restricciones, "
+"abierta, y rápida, mietras asegura que los autores obtengan el "
+"reconocimiento por su trabajo. Más de dos millones de científicos, erúditos, "
+"y especialistas profesionales de la salud visitan PLOS cada mes, con más de "
+"135,000 articulos de calidad para su lectura sin costo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6011
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7666
msgid ""
"Ultimately, for PLOS, its authors, and its readers, success is about making "
"research discoverable, available, and reproducible for the advancement of "
"science."
msgstr ""
+"En última instancia, para PLOS, sus autores y sus lectores, el éxito "
+"consiste en hacer que la investigación sea visible, disponible y "
+"reproducible para el avance de la ciencia."
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6016
-msgid "collections.plos.org"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6016
-msgid "plos.org/article-level-metrics"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6018
-msgid "## Rijksmuseum"
-msgstr "## Rijksmuseum"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7672
+msgid "Rijksmuseum"
+msgstr "Rijksmuseum"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6021
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7675
msgid ""
-"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. "
+"The Rijksmuseum is a Dutch national museum dedicated to art and history. "
"Founded in 1800 in the Netherlands"
msgstr ""
"El Rijksmuseum es un museo nacional holandés dedicado al arte y a la "
"historia. Fundado en 1800 en Holanda (Países Bajos)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6023
-msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl"
-msgstr "www.rijksmuseum.nl"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7679
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6026
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7681
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Revenue model: grants and government funding, charging for in-person "
+#| "version (museum admission), selling merchandise"
msgid ""
-"Revenue model: grants and government funding, charging for in-person version"
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grants and government "
+"funding, charging for in-person version (museum admission), selling "
+"merchandise"
msgstr ""
"Modelo de ingresos: subvenciones y financiamiento gubernamental, cobro de "
-"entrada"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6028
-msgid "(museum admission), selling merchandise"
-msgstr "(admisión al museo), venta de mercancías"
+"entrada por persona (entrada al museo), venta de mercancía"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6030
-msgid "Interview date: December 11, 2015"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7685
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: December 11, 2015"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 11, 2015"
msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 11 de diciembre, 2015"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6033
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7688
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Interviewee: Lizzy Jongma, the data manager of the collections "
+#| "information department"
msgid ""
-"Interviewee: Lizzy Jongma, the data manager of the collections information "
-"department"
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Lizzy Jongma, the data "
+"manager of the collections information department"
msgstr ""
"Entrevistada: Lizzy Jongma, Gerente de Datos del Departamento de Información "
"sobre Colecciones"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6049
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7696
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum, a national museum in the Netherlands dedicated to art and "
"history, has been housed in its current building since 1885. The monumental "
"la memoria del público. A partir de estas circunstancias, nació un nuevo "
"modelo para el museo, más abierto."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6061
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7712
msgid ""
"By the time Lizzy Jongma joined the Rijksmuseum in 2011 as a data manager, "
-"staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized "
+"staff were fed up with the situation the museum was in. They also realized "
"that even with the new and larger space, it still wouldn’t be able to show "
"very much of the whole collection—eight thousand of over one million works "
"representing just 1 percent. Staff began exploring ways to express "
"themselves, to have something to show for all of the work they had been "
-"doing. The Rijksmuseum is primarily funded by Dutch taxpayers, so was there "
+"doing. The Rijksmuseum is primarily funded by Dutch taxpayers, so was there "
"a way for the museum provide benefit to the public while it was closed? They "
"began thinking about sharing Rijksmuseum’s collection using information "
"technology. And they put up a card-catalog like database of the entire "
"utilizando tecnologías informáticas. Y pusieron una base de datos parecida a "
"un catálogo de fichas de toda la colección en línea."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6069
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7726
msgid ""
"It was effective but a bit boring. It was just data. A hackathon they were "
"invited to got them to start talking about events like that as having "
"colección del Rijksmuseum? Eso eventualmente llevó a ¿y por qué no poner "
"toda la colección en línea?"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6081
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7737
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.europeana.eu/portal/en\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7735
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital "
+#| "library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.1 As an online portal "
+#| "to museum collections all across Europe, Europeana had become an "
+#| "important online platform. In October 2010 Creative Commons released CC0 "
+#| "and its public-domain mark as tools people could use to identify works as "
+#| "free of known copyright. Europeana was the first major adopter, using CC0 "
+#| "to release metadata about their collection and the public domain mark for "
+#| "millions of digital works in their collection. Lizzy says the Rijksmuseum "
+#| "initially found this change in business practice a bit scary, but at the "
+#| "same time it stimulated even more discussion on whether the Rijksmuseum "
+#| "should follow suit."
msgid ""
"Then, Lizzy says, Europeana came along. Europeana is Europe’s digital "
-"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.1 As an online portal to "
-"museum collections all across Europe, Europeana had become an important "
-"online platform. In October 2010 Creative Commons released CC0 and its "
-"public-domain mark as tools people could use to identify works as free of "
-"known copyright. Europeana was the first major adopter, using CC0 to release "
-"metadata about their collection and the public domain mark for millions of "
-"digital works in their collection. Lizzy says the Rijksmuseum initially "
-"found this change in business practice a bit scary, but at the same time it "
-"stimulated even more discussion on whether the Rijksmuseum should follow "
-"suit."
+"library, museum, and archive for cultural heritage.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> As an online portal to museum collections all across "
+"Europe, Europeana had become an important online platform. In October 2010 "
+"Creative Commons released CC0 and its public-domain mark as tools people "
+"could use to identify works as free of known copyright. Europeana was the "
+"first major adopter, using CC0 to release metadata about their collection "
+"and the public domain mark for millions of digital works in their "
+"collection. Lizzy says the Rijksmuseum initially found this change in "
+"business practice a bit scary, but at the same time it stimulated even more "
+"discussion on whether the Rijksmuseum should follow suit."
msgstr ""
"Luego, dice Lizzy, llegó Europeana. Europeana es la biblioteca, museo y "
"archivo digital del patrimonio cultural de Europa. Como portal en línea de "
"pero al mismo tiempo estimuló aún más discusiones sobre si el Rijksmuseum "
"debería seguir el ejemplo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6092
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7749
msgid ""
"They realized that they don’t “own” the collection and couldn’t "
"realistically monitor and enforce compliance with the restrictive licensing "
"acceso significaba que la gente que más se frustraba eran los niños en edad "
"escolar."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6104
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7762
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum began making their digital photos of works known to "
"be free of copyright available online, using Creative Commons CC0 to place "
"overseas customers. The administrative costs often offset revenue, and "
"income above costs was relatively low. In addition, having to pay for an "
"image of a work in the public domain from a collection owned by the Dutch "
-"government (i.e., paid for by the public) was contentious and frustrating "
+"government (i.e., paid for by the public) was contentious and frustrating "
"for some. Lizzy says they had lots of fierce debates about what to do."
msgstr ""
"En el 2011 el Rijksmuseum comenzó a poner en línea sus fotos digitales de "
"algunos. Lizzy dice que tuvieron un montón de debates feroces sobre qué "
"hacer."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6114
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7776
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum changed its business model. They Creative Commons "
"licensed their highest-quality images and released them online for free. "
"disposición 150,000 imágenes de alta calidad de su colección, con el "
"objetivo de eventualmente tener toda la colección en Internet."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6127
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7787
msgid ""
"Releasing these high-quality images for free reduced the number of poor-"
"quality images that were proliferating. The high-quality image of Vermeer’s "
"Lizzy llama \"el efecto Mona Lisa\", cuando una obra de arte es tan famosa "
"que la gente quiere verla en la vida real visitando de hecho el museo real."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6134
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7802
msgid ""
"Every museum tends to be driven by the number of physical visitors. The "
"Rijksmuseum is primarily publicly funded, receiving roughly 70 percent of "
-"its operating budget from the government. But like many museums, it must "
+"its operating budget from the government. But like many museums, it must "
"generate the rest of the funding through other means. The admission fee has "
"long been a way to generate revenue generation, including for the "
"Rijksmuseum."
"través de otros medios. El cobro de entradas ha sido durante mucho tiempo "
"una forma de generar ingresos, incluso para el Rijksmuseum."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6146
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7810
msgid ""
"As museums create a digital presence for themselves and put up digital "
"representations of their collection online, there’s frequently a worry that "
"cartones de leche y juguetes de los niños, la gente también ve de qué Museo "
"proviene la imagen y esto incrementa la visibilidad del Museo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6153
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7830
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7824
msgid ""
"In 2011 the Rijksmuseum received €1 million from the Dutch lottery to create "
"a new web presence that would be different from any other museum’s. In "
"addition to redesigning their main website to be mobile friendly and "
"responsive to devices like the iPad, the Rijksmuseum also created the "
"Rijksstudio, where users and artists could use and do various things with "
-"the Rijksmuseum collection.2"
+"the Rijksmuseum collection.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
"En el 2011, el Rijksmuseum recibió un millón de euros de la lotería "
"holandesa para crear una nueva presencia web que sería diferente de la de "
"cualquier otro museo. Además de rediseñar su sitio principal para ser "
"amigable a los celulares y responsivo a los dispositivos tales como el iPad, "
"el Museo también creó el Rijksstudio, donde los usuarios y los artistas "
-"pueden utilizar y hacer varias cosas con la colección del Rijksmuseum.2"
+"pueden utilizar y hacer varias cosas con la colección del Rijksmuseum."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6162
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7833
msgid ""
"The Rijksstudio gives users access to over two hundred thousand high-quality "
-"digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom "
+"digital representations of masterworks from the collection. Users can zoom "
"in to any work and even clip small parts of images they like. Rijksstudio is "
-"a bit like Pinterest. You can “like” works and compile your personal "
+"a bit like Pinterest. You can “like” works and compile your personal "
"favorites, and you can share them with friends or download them free of "
"charge. All the images in the Rijksstudio are copyright and royalty free, "
"and users are encouraged to use them as they like, for private or even "
"y se fomenta a los usuarios para que las utilicen de la forma en que "
"quieran, para fines privados o incluso comerciales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6167
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7844
msgid ""
"Users have created over 276,000 Rijksstudios, generating their own themed "
"virtual exhibitions on a wide variety of topics ranging from tapestries to "
"imágenes con propósitos educativos, incluyendo el uso para exámenes "
"escolares."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6177
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7851
msgid ""
"Some contemporary artists who have works in the Rijksmuseum collection "
"contacted them to ask why their works were not included in the Rijksstudio. "
"el uso comercial. De esa manera, sus obras pueden ponerse a disposición del "
"público, pero dentro de los límites establecidos por los artistas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6187
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7871
msgid ""
-"The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The "
-"line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even "
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-"
+"kimono-kimono-robe\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-"
+"kimono-kimono-robe\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7862
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. "
+#| "The line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, "
+#| "even Rembrandt was commercial, making his livelihood from selling his "
+#| "paintings. The Rijksmuseum encourages entrepreneurial commercial use of "
+#| "the images in Rijksstudio. They’ve even partnered with the DIY "
+#| "marketplace Etsy to inspire people to sell their creations. One great "
+#| "example you can find on Etsy is a kimono designed by Angie Johnson, who "
+#| "used an image of an elaborate cabinet along with an oil painting by Jan "
+#| "Asselijn called The Threatened Swan.3"
+msgid ""
+"The Rijksmuseum believes that art stimulates entrepreneurial activity. The "
+"line between creative and commercial can be blurry. As Lizzy says, even "
"Rembrandt was commercial, making his livelihood from selling his paintings. "
"The Rijksmuseum encourages entrepreneurial commercial use of the images in "
-"Rijksstudio. They’ve even partnered with the DIY marketplace Etsy to inspire "
-"people to sell their creations. One great example you can find on Etsy is a "
-"kimono designed by Angie Johnson, who used an image of an elaborate cabinet "
-"along with an oil painting by Jan Asselijn called The Threatened Swan.3"
+"Rijksstudio. They’ve even partnered with the DIY marketplace Etsy to "
+"inspire people to sell their creations. One great example you can find on "
+"Etsy is a kimono designed by Angie Johnson, who used an image of an "
+"elaborate cabinet along with an oil painting by Jan Asselijn called The "
+"Threatened Swan.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
msgstr ""
"El Rijksmuseum cree que el arte estimula la actividad empresarial. La línea "
"entre lo creativo y lo comercial puede ser difusa. Como dice Lizzy, incluso "
"un armario elaborado junto con una pintura al óleo de Jan Asselijn llamada "
"\"El cisne amenazado\".3"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6200
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7875
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 "
+"award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; "
+"the 2015 award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-"
+"award-2015\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award\"/>; the 2014 "
+"award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014\"/>; "
+"the 2015 award: <ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-"
+"award-2015\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7887
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-"
+"rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-"
+"rijksstudio-award/creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7874
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design "
+#| "competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.4 With the call to action "
+#| "Make Your Own Masterpiece, the competition invites the public to use "
+#| "Rijksstudio images to make new creative designs. A jury of renowned "
+#| "designers and curators selects ten finalists and three winners. The final "
+#| "award comes with a prize of €10,000. The second edition in 2015 attracted "
+#| "a staggering 892 top-class entries. Some award winners end up with their "
+#| "work sold through the Rijksmuseum store, such as the 2014 entry featuring "
+#| "makeup based on a specific color scheme of a work of art.5 The "
+#| "Rijksmuseum has been thrilled with the results. Entries range from the "
+#| "fun to the weird to the inspirational. The third international edition of "
+#| "the Rijksstudio Award started in September 2016."
msgid ""
"In 2013 the Rijksmuseum organized their first high-profile design "
-"competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.4 With the call to action Make "
-"Your Own Masterpiece, the competition invites the public to use Rijksstudio "
-"images to make new creative designs. A jury of renowned designers and "
-"curators selects ten finalists and three winners. The final award comes with "
-"a prize of €10,000. The second edition in 2015 attracted a staggering 892 "
-"top-class entries. Some award winners end up with their work sold through "
-"the Rijksmuseum store, such as the 2014 entry featuring makeup based on a "
-"specific color scheme of a work of art.5 The Rijksmuseum has been thrilled "
-"with the results. Entries range from the fun to the weird to the "
-"inspirational. The third international edition of the Rijksstudio Award "
-"started in September 2016."
+"competition, known as the Rijksstudio Award.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
+"id=\"0\"/> With the call to action Make Your Own Masterpiece, the "
+"competition invites the public to use Rijksstudio images to make new "
+"creative designs. A jury of renowned designers and curators selects ten "
+"finalists and three winners. The final award comes with a prize of €10,000. "
+"The second edition in 2015 attracted a staggering 892 top-class entries. "
+"Some award winners end up with their work sold through the Rijksmuseum "
+"store, such as the 2014 entry featuring makeup based on a specific color "
+"scheme of a work of art.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> The "
+"Rijksmuseum has been thrilled with the results. Entries range from the fun "
+"to the weird to the inspirational. The third international edition of the "
+"Rijksstudio Award started in September 2016."
msgstr ""
"En 2013, el Rijksmuseum organizó su primera competencia de diseño de alto "
"perfil, conocida como el Premio Rijksstudio.4 Con el llamado a la acción de "
"lo divertido a lo extraño a lo inspiracional. La tercera edición "
"internacional del Premio Rijksstudio comenzó en septiembre de 2016."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6204
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7893
msgid ""
"For the next iteration of the Rijksstudio, the Rijksmuseum is considering an "
"upload tool, for people to upload their own works of art, and enhanced "
"sus propias obras de arte, y elementos sociales habilitados para que los "
"usuarios puedan interactuar más entre sí."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6211
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7899
msgid ""
"Going with a more open business model generated lots of publicity for the "
"Rijksmuseum. They were one of the first museums to open up their collection "
"dramáticamente las visitas a su sitio web, de 35 mil visitas por mes a 300 "
"mil visitas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6222
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7908
msgid ""
"The Rijksmuseum has been experimenting with other ways to invite the public "
"to look at and interact with their collection. On an international day "
"celebrating animals, they ran a successful bird-themed event. The museum put "
"together a showing of two thousand works that featured birds and invited "
-"bird-watchers to identify the birds depicted. Lizzy notes that while museum "
+"bird-watchers to identify the birds depicted. Lizzy notes that while museum "
"curators know a lot about the works in their collections, they may not know "
"about certain details in the paintings such as bird species. Over eight "
"hundred different birds were identified, including a specific species of "
"de grullas que era desconocida para la comunidad científica al momento de la "
"pintura."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6239
-msgid ""
-"For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came up "
-"with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things people "
-"might do with the museum’s works. But Lizzy says those fears did not come "
-"true because “ninety-nine percent of people have respect for great art.” "
-"Many museums think they can make a lot of money by selling things related to "
-"their collection. But in Lizzy’s experience, museums are usually bad at "
-"selling things, and sometimes efforts to generate a small amount of money "
-"block something much bigger—the real value that the collection has. For "
-"Lizzy, clinging to small amounts of revenue is being penny-wise but pound-"
-"foolish. For the Rijksmuseum, a key lesson has been to never lose sight of "
-"its vision for the collection. Allowing access to and use of their "
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7921
+msgid ""
+"For the Rijksmuseum, adopting an open business model was scary. They came "
+"up with many worst-case scenarios, imagining all kinds of awful things "
+"people might do with the museum’s works. But Lizzy says those fears did not "
+"come true because “ninety-nine percent of people have respect for great "
+"art.” Many museums think they can make a lot of money by selling things "
+"related to their collection. But in Lizzy’s experience, museums are usually "
+"bad at selling things, and sometimes efforts to generate a small amount of "
+"money block something much bigger—the real value that the collection has. "
+"For Lizzy, clinging to small amounts of revenue is being penny-wise but "
+"pound-foolish. For the Rijksmuseum, a key lesson has been to never lose "
+"sight of its vision for the collection. Allowing access to and use of their "
"collection has generated great promotional value—far more than the previous "
"practice of charging fees for access and use. Lizzy sums up their "
"experience: “Give away; get something in return. Generosity makes people "
"resume su experiencia: \"Hay que regalar y obtener algo a cambio. La "
"generosidad hace que la gente esté feliz de acompañarte y ayudarte.\""
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
-msgid "www.europeana.eu/portal/en"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
-msgid "www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
-msgid "www.etsy.com/ca/listing/175696771/fringe-kimono-silk-kimono-kimono-robe"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
-msgid ""
-"www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award; the 2014 award: www.rijksmuseum.nl/"
-"en/rijksstudio-award-2014; the 2015 award: www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-"
-"award-2015"
-msgstr ""
-"www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/rijksstudio-award; el premio de 2014: www.rijksmuseum."
-"nl/en/rijksstudio-award-2014; el premio de 2015: www.rijksmuseum.nl/en/"
-"rijksstudio-award-2015"
-
-#. type: Bullet: '5. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6249
-msgid ""
-"www.rijksmuseum.nl/nl/rijksstudio/142328--nominees-rijksstudio-award/"
-"creaties/ba595afe-452d-46bd-9c8c-48dcbdd7f0a4"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6251
-msgid "## Shareable"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7941
+msgid "Shareable"
+msgstr "Shareable"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6254
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7944
msgid ""
"Shareable is an online magazine about sharing. Founded in 2009 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
+"Shareable es una revista enlinea acerca de compartir. Fundada en 2009 en los "
+"E.U.A."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6256
-msgid "www.shareable.net"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7948
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.shareable.net\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6259
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7950
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Revenue model: grant funding, crowdfunding (project-based), donations, "
+#| "sponsorships"
msgid ""
-"Revenue model: grant funding, crowdfunding (project-based), donations, "
-"sponsorships"
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: grant funding, "
+"crowdfunding (project-based), donations, sponsorships"
msgstr ""
+"Modelo de ingresos: subsidios, financiamiento comunitario ( basado en "
+"proyectos), donaciones, patrocinios"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6261
-msgid "Interview date: February 24, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7953
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: February 24, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 24, 2016"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 24 de febrero, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6263
-msgid "Interviewee: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder and executive editor"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7956
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder and executive editor"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Neal Gorenflo, cofounder "
+"and executive editor"
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Neal Gorenflo, cofundador y editor ejecutivo"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6274
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7964
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable faced an impasse. The nonprofit online publication had "
"helped start a sharing movement four years prior, but over time, they "
"advocate for them. The magazine faced a choice: ride the wave or stand on "
"principle."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6284
-msgid ""
-"As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, "
+"En el 2013, Shareable enfrentó a un impasse. La publicación enlinea sin "
+"ánimo de lucro había ayudado a comenzar un movimiento colaborativo en los "
+"cuatro años anteriores, pero durante el tiempo, observaron que una parte del "
+"movimiento es alejaba de sus ideales. Mientras gigantes como Uber y Airnbnb "
+"ganaban terreno, la atención comenzó a centrarse en la «economía "
+"colaborativa» que conocemos ahora—dirigida por la ganancia, transaccional, y "
+"cargado con dinero de capital de riesgo. Los líderes de las start-ups "
+"corporativas en este dominio invitaron a Shareable a abogar por ellos. La "
+"revista enfrentó una elección: seguir la corriente o mantenerse en sus "
+"principios."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7975
+msgid ""
+"As an organization, Shareable decided to draw a line in the sand. In 2013, "
"the cofounder and executive editor Neal Gorenflo wrote an opinion piece in "
"the PandoDaily that charted Shareable’s new critical stance on the Silicon "
"Valley version of the sharing economy, while contrasting it with aspects of "
"more. He wrote, “It’s not so much that collaborative consumption is dead, "
"it’s more that it risks dying as it gets absorbed by the ‘Borg.’”"
msgstr ""
+"Como organización, Shareable decidió establecer su posición. En 2013, el "
+"cofundador y editor ejecutivo Neal Gorenflo escribió una opinión en el "
+"PandoDaily que dibujó la nueva actitúd crítica de Shareable acerca de la "
+"versión del Silicon Valley de la economía colaborativa, mientras la "
+"constrastó con los aspectos de la verdadera economía colaborativa como el "
+"software de código abierto, presupuesto participativo (donde los ciudadanos "
+"deciden cómo un presupuesto público es gastado), cooperativas, y más. "
+"Escribió, «No es tanto de que el consumo colaborativo esté muerto, es más "
+"acerca del riesgo de morir mientras es absorbido por los «Borg».»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6291
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7987
msgid ""
"Neal said their public critique of the corporate sharing economy defined "
"what Shareable was and is. He does not think the magazine would still be "
"small, mission-driven organization. We would never have been able to weather "
"the criticism that Airbnb and Uber are getting now.”"
msgstr ""
+"Neal dice que su crítica pública de la economía colaborativa corporativa "
+"definió lo que Shareable era y es. El piensa que la revista no estaría en el "
+"circuito todavía de haber escogido diferente. «Habríamos obtenido una "
+"audiencia diferente, pero eso hubiera conjurado nuestro fin,» comento.«Somo "
+"una oranización pequeña, conducidad por una misión. Nunca hubieramos sido "
+"capaces de soportar las críticas que Airbnb y Uber estan teniendo ahora.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6300
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:7996
msgid ""
"Interestingly, impassioned supporters are only a small sliver of Shareable’s "
"total audience. Most are casual readers who come across a Shareable story "
"magazine became the voice of the “real sharing economy” and continued to "
"grow their audience."
msgstr ""
+"Interesantemente, los seguidores desapasionados son sólo una pequeña "
+"porción de la audiencia total de Shareable. La mayoría son lectores "
+"ocasionales quienes vienen a través de una historia de Shareable porque "
+"ocurre que se alinea con un proyecto o interés que que ellos tengan. Pero "
+"escoger principios por encima de la posibilidad de montarse de los grandes "
+"corporativos en el espacio colaborativo salvó a Shareable. A pesar de que "
+"ellos se separaron de la economía colaborativa corporativa, la revista "
+"enlinea se volvió la voz de la «verdadera economía colaborativa» y continuo "
+"creciendo su audiencia."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6310
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8007
msgid ""
"Shareable is a magazine, but the content they publish is a means to "
-"furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable "
+"furthering their role as a leader and catalyst of a movement. Shareable "
"became a leader in the movement in 2009. “At that time, there was a sharing "
"movement bubbling beneath the surface, but no one was connecting the dots,” "
"Neal said. “We decided to step into that space and take on that role.” The "
"central to solving some of the major problems human beings face—resource "
"inequality, social isolation, and global warming."
msgstr ""
+"Shareable es una revista, pero el contenido que publican es un medio para "
+"promover su rol como líder y catalizador del movimiento. Shareable se volvió "
+"líder en el movimiento en 2009. « En esos momentos, había un movimiento "
+"colaborativo burbujeando debajo de la superficie, pero nadie estaba uniendo "
+"los puntos,» dijo Neal. «Decidimos entrar en ese espacio y tomar ese rol.» "
+"El pequeño equipo detras de la publicación sin ánimo delucro verdaderamente "
+"creyo que la colaboración podría ser una solución central para resolver "
+"algunos de los grandes problemas que los seres humanos enfrentan—desigualdad "
+"de recursos, aislamientos sociales, y calentamiento global."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6319
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8018
msgid ""
"They have worked hard to find ways to tell stories that show different "
"metrics for success. “We wanted to change the notion of what constitutes the "
"They particularly focus on how-to content that help their readers make "
"changes in their own lives and communities."
msgstr ""
+"Han trabajado duro para hallar vias para contar historias que exhiban "
+"diferentes medidas para triunfar. «Queríamos cambiar la noción de lo que "
+"constituye la buena vida,» comentó Neal. Mientras habían comenzado con una "
+"visión muy amplia acerca de la colaboración en general, hoy enfatizan "
+"historias acerca los bienes púbicos como «ciudades colaborativas» (i.e., "
+"áreas urbanas gestionadas de manera sostenible y cooperativa), asi como "
+"también plataformas digitales que se manejan democraticamente. "
+"Particularmente ellos se enfocan en contenido cómo-hacer que ayude a sus "
+"lectores a realizar cambios en sus propias vidas y comunidades."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6331
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8029
msgid ""
"More than half of Shareable’s stories are written by paid journalists that "
"are contracted by the magazine. “Particularly in content areas that are a "
"priority for us, we really want to go deep and control the quality,” Neal "
"said. The rest of the content is either contributed by guest writers, often "
"for free, or written by other publications from their network of content "
-"publishers. Shareable is a member of the Post Growth Alliance, which "
+"publishers. Shareable is a member of the Post Growth Alliance, which "
"facilitates the sharing of content and audiences among a large and growing "
"group of mostly nonprofits. Each organization gets a chance to present "
"stories to the group, and the organizations can use and promote each other’s "
"stories. Much of the content created by the network is licensed with "
"Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
+"Más de la mitad de las historias en Shareable son escritas por periodístas "
+"que son contratados por la revista.«Particularmente en áreas cuyo contenido "
+"sea una prioridad para nosotros, ciertamente queremos ír profundo y "
+"controlar la calidad,» dijo Neal. El resto del contenido es contribución de "
+"los escritores invitados, a menudo de forma gratuita, o escrito por otras "
+"publicaciones de su red de editoriales de contenido. Shareable es un miembro "
+"del Post Growth Alliance, el cuál facilita el intercambio de contenido y "
+"audiencias entr un gran y creciente grupo mayoritario de entidades sin ánimo "
+"de lucro. Cada organización tiene oportunidad de presentar historias al "
+"grupo, y las organizaciones pueden usar y promover las historias de cada "
+"uno. Mucho del contenido creado por la red es licenciado con Creative "
+"Commons."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6343
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8043
msgid ""
"All of Shareable’s original content is published under the Attribution "
"license (CC BY), meaning it can be used for any purpose as long as credit is "
"It’s hard for us to measure the reach of other media properties, but most of "
"the outlets who republish our work have much bigger audiences than we do.”"
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6351
+"Todo el contenido original de Shareable es publicado bajo la licencia "
+"Attibution (CC BY), lo que significa que puede ser usado para cualquier "
+"propósito en tanto de los créditos a Shareable. El licenciamiento con "
+"Creative Commons está alineado con la visión de Shareable, misión, e "
+"identidad. Eso explica la aceptación de la organización de las licencias "
+"para su contenido, pero Neal también cree que el licenciamiento CC los ayuda "
+"a incrementar su alcance. «Al usar el licenciamiento CC,» comenta, «nos "
+"dimos cuenta de que podriamos alcanzar muchas más gente a través de una red "
+"formal e informal de republicadores o afiliados. Eso definitivamente ha sido "
+"el caso. Es difícil para nosotros medir el alcance de otras propiedades de "
+"los medios, pero la mayoría de los medios que republican nuestro trabajo "
+"tienen audiencias más grandes que las nuestras.»"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8057
msgid ""
"In addition to their regular news and commentary online, Shareable has also "
"experimented with book publishing. In 2012, they worked with a traditional "
"Policies for Shareable Cities—are two of the biggest generators of traffic "
"on their website."
msgstr ""
+"Adicionalmente a sus noticias regulares y comentarios enlinea, Shareable "
+"también ha experimentado con la publicación de libros. En 2012, trabajaron "
+"con un editor tradicional para sacar el libro Share or Die: Voices of the "
+"Get Lost Generation in an Age of Crisis. El libro licenciado bajo CC estuvo "
+"disponible para su compra en formato impreso o enlinea sin costo. Hasta "
+"este dia, el libro—junto con su guía licenciada bajo CC Policies for "
+"Shareable Cities—son dos de los mayores generadores de tráfico en su sitio "
+"web."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6356
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8067
msgid ""
"In 2016, Shareable self-published a book of curated Shareable stories called "
"How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. The book was available for sale, but "
-"a PDF version of the book was available for free. Shareable plans to offer "
+"a PDF version of the book was available for free. Shareable plans to offer "
"the book in upcoming fund-raising campaigns."
msgstr ""
+"En 2016, Shareable auto-publicó un libro de cuidadas y trabajadas historias "
+"de Shareable titulado How to: Share, Save Money and Have Fun. El libro "
+"estaba disponible para su vente, pero una versión en formato PDF del libro "
+"estuvo disponible sin costo. Shareable planea ofrecer el libro en las "
+"siguientes campañas de recaudación de fondos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6364
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8074
msgid ""
"This recent book is one of many fund-raising experiments Shareable has "
"conducted in recent years. Currently, Shareable is primarily funded by "
"grants from foundations, but they are actively moving toward a more "
"diversified model. They have organizational sponsors and are working to "
-"expand their base of individual donors. Ideally, they will eventually be a "
+"expand their base of individual donors. Ideally, they will eventually be a "
"hundred percent funded by their audience. Neal believes being fully "
"community-supported will better represent their vision of the world."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6374
-msgid ""
-"For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This "
-"is true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. “We "
-"attract passionate people,” Neal said. At times, that means employees work "
-"so hard they burn out. Neal tries to stress to the Shareable team that "
-"another part of success is having fun and taking care of yourself while you "
-"do something you love. “A central part of human beings is that we long to be "
-"on a great adventure with people we love,” he said. “We are a species who "
-"look over the horizon and imagine and create new worlds, but we also seek "
-"the comfort of hearth and home.”"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6383
+"Este libro reciente es uno de muchos experimentos de recaudación de fondos "
+"que Shareable ha conducido en los años recientes. Actualmente, Shareable es "
+"financiado principalmente por donaciones de fundaciones, pero se estan "
+"moviendo activamente hacia un modelo más diversificado. Tienen promotores en "
+"la organización y están trabajando para ampliar su base de donadores "
+"individuales. Idealmente, serán financiados eventualemente al ciento "
+"porciento por su audiencia. Neal cree que ser totalmente financiados por la "
+"comunidad representará mejor su visión del mundo."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8084
+msgid ""
+"For Shareable, success is very much about their impact on the world. This is "
+"true for Neal, but also for everyone who works for Shareable. “We attract "
+"passionate people,” Neal said. At times, that means employees work so hard "
+"they burn out. Neal tries to stress to the Shareable team that another part "
+"of success is having fun and taking care of yourself while you do something "
+"you love. “A central part of human beings is that we long to be on a great "
+"adventure with people we love,” he said. “We are a species who look over the "
+"horizon and imagine and create new worlds, but we also seek the comfort of "
+"hearth and home.”"
+msgstr ""
+"Para Shareable, el éxito es mucho acerca de su impacto en el mundo. Esto es "
+"ciento para Neal, pero también para cualquiera que trabaje para Shareable. « "
+"Atraemos gente apasionada,» comentó Neal. Alguna veces, eso significa que "
+"los empleados trabajan tan duro que se consumen. Neal intenta hacer hincapié "
+"al equipo de Shareable que otra parte del éxito es divertirse y cuidarse "
+"mientras haces algo que te apasiona. «Una parte central de ser humanos es "
+"que estamos en una gran aventura con gente que amamos,» dijo. «Somos una "
+"especie que observa sobre el horizonte e imagina y crea nuevos mundos, pero "
+"también buscamos el bienestar del hogar y el corazón.»"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8096
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their "
+#| "Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail "
+#| "spectacularly. They called in their advisers in a panic and asked for "
+#| "help. The advice they received was simple—“Sit your ass in a chair and "
+#| "start making calls.” That’s exactly what they did, and they ended up "
+#| "reaching their \\$50,000 goal. Neal said the campaign helped them reach "
+#| "new people, but the vast majority of backers were people in their "
+#| "existing base."
msgid ""
"In 2013, Shareable ran its first crowdfunding campaign to launch their "
"Sharing Cities Network. Neal said at first they were on pace to fail "
"spectacularly. They called in their advisers in a panic and asked for help. "
"The advice they received was simple—“Sit your ass in a chair and start "
"making calls.” That’s exactly what they did, and they ended up reaching "
-"their \\$50,000 goal. Neal said the campaign helped them reach new people, "
-"but the vast majority of backers were people in their existing base."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6389
+"their $50,000 goal. Neal said the campaign helped them reach new people, but "
+"the vast majority of backers were people in their existing base."
+msgstr ""
+"En 2013, Shareable comenzó su primera campaña de financiamiento comunitario "
+"para lanzar su _Sharing Cities Network_ (Red de Ciudades Colaborativas). "
+"Neal comentó que al principio estaban preparados para fallar "
+"espectacularmente. Llamaron a sus asesores en pánico y solicitaron ayuda. El "
+"consejo que recibieron fue simple—«Sienta tú trasero en una silla y empieza "
+"a realizar llamadas.» Eso fue exactamente lo que hicieron, y terminaron "
+"alcanzando su meta de \\$50,000. Neal dijo que la campaña los ayudó para "
+"alcanzar nuevas personas, pero que la vasta mayoría de los participantes fue "
+"gente de su base existente."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8106
msgid ""
"For Neal, this symbolized how so much of success comes down to "
"relationships. Over time, Shareable has invested time and energy into the "
-"relationships they have forged with their readers and supporters. They have "
+"relationships they have forged with their readers and supporters. They have "
"also invested resources into building relationships between their readers "
"and supporters."
msgstr ""
+"Para Neal, esto simboliza como gran parte del exito se debe a las "
+"relaciones. Durante el tiempo, Shareable ha invertido tiempo y energía en "
+"las relaciones que han forjado con sus lectores y seguidores. Han invertido "
+"recursos en construir relaciones entre sus lectores y seguidores."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6403
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8113
msgid ""
"Shareable began hosting events in 2010. These events were designed to bring "
"the sharing community together. But over time they realized they could reach "
"will publish a new CC-licensed book in 2017 filled with ideas for their "
"network to implement."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6408
+"Shareable comenzó a realizar eventos en 2010. Estos eventos fueron "
+"designados para traer a la comunidad colaborativa junta. Pero durante el "
+"tiempo se dieron cuenta que podrían alcanzar mucha más gente si ellos "
+"ayudaban a sus lectores a realizar sus propios eventos. «Si quisieramos ir "
+"en grande en una conferencia, había un gran riesgo y grandes necesidades de "
+"personal, además sólo una fracción de nuestra comunidad podría viajar al "
+"evento,» comentó Neal. Ayudar a otros para crear sus propios eventos "
+"alrededor del mundo les permitió incrementar su trabajo más efectivamente y "
+"alcanzar a mucha más getnte. Shearable catalizó trescientos eventos "
+"diferentes alcanzando más de veinte mil personas desde que implementó esta "
+"estrategia hace tres años. Siguiendo adelante, Shareable está enfocando a la "
+"red en crear y distribuir contenido destinado a estimular la acción local. "
+"Por ejemplo, Shareable publicará un nuevo libro bajo licencia CC en 2017 "
+"lleno de ideas para que las implemente su red."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8130
msgid ""
"Neal says Shareable stumbled upon this strategy, but it seems to perfectly "
-"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-size-"
-"fits-all approach, Shareable puts the tools out there for people take the "
-"ideas and adapt them to their own communities."
+"encapsulate just how the commons is supposed to work. Rather than a one-"
+"size-fits-all approach, Shareable puts the tools out there for people take "
+"the ideas and adapt them to their own communities."
msgstr ""
+"Neal comentó que Shareable accidentalmente descubrió esta estrategia, pero "
+"parece que encapsula perfectamente como se supone que deben de trabajar los "
+"bienes comunes. En vez de tener un acercamiento único, Shareable pone las "
+"herramientas al alcance de la gente para que tome las ideas y las adapte a "
+"sus propias comunidades."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6410
-msgid "## Siyavula"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8138
+msgid "Siyavula"
+msgstr "Siyavula"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6414
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8141
msgid ""
"Siyavula is a for-profit educational-technology company that creates "
"textbooks and integrated learning experiences. Founded in 2012 in South "
"Africa."
msgstr ""
+"Siyavula es una compañía tecnológica educativa que crea libros de texto e "
+"integra experiencias de aprendizaje. Fundada en 2012 en Sudafrica."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6416
-msgid "www.siyavula.com"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8146
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6418
-msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, sponsorships"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8148
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Revenue model: charging for custom services, sponsorships"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for custom "
+"services, sponsorships"
+msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: cargos por servicios personalizados, patrocinios"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6420
-msgid "Interview date: April 5, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8151
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: April 5, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: April 5, 2016"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 5 de abril, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6422
-msgid "Interviewee: Mark Horner, CEO"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8153
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: Mark Horner, CEO"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Mark Horner, CEO"
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Mark Horner, CEO"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6430
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8160
msgid ""
"Openness is a key principle for Siyavula. They believe that every learner "
"and teacher should have access to high-quality educational resources, as "
-"this forms the basis for long-term growth and development. Siyavula has "
-"been a pioneer in creating high-quality open textbooks on mathematics and "
-"science subjects for grades 4 to 12 in South Africa."
+"this forms the basis for long-term growth and development. Siyavula has been "
+"a pioneer in creating high-quality open textbooks on mathematics and science "
+"subjects for grades 4 to 12 in South Africa."
msgstr ""
+"La franqueza es un valor principal para Siyavula. Ellos creen que cualquier "
+"estudiante y maestrodebería tener acceso a recursos educativos de alta "
+"calidad, ya que estos forman la base para un crecimiento y desarrollo "
+"prolongado. Siyavula ha sido pionero en crear libros de texto de alta "
+"calidad en temas de matemática y ciencia para los grados 4 al 12 en "
+"Sudáfrica."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6435
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8168
msgid ""
"In terms of creating an open business model that involves Creative Commons, "
"Siyavula—and its founder, Mark Horner—have been around the block a few "
"times. Siyavula has significantly shifted directions and strategies to "
"survive and prosper. Mark says it’s been very organic."
msgstr ""
+"En terminos de crear un un modelo de negocios abierto que involucre Creative "
+"Commons, Siyavula—y su fundador, Mark Horner— han tenido alguna experiencia. "
+"Siyavula ha cambiado significativamente su dirección y estrategia para "
+"sobrevivir y prosperar. Mark dice que ha sido muy orgánico."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6442
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8175
msgid ""
"It all started in 2002, when Mark and several other colleagues at the "
"University of Cape Town in South Africa founded the Free High School Science "
"to high-quality, comprehensive science and math textbooks, so Mark and his "
"colleagues set out to write them and make them freely available."
msgstr ""
+"Todo comenzó en 2002, cuando Mark y varios colegas en la Universidad del "
+"Cabo en Sudáfrica fundaron el proyecto libre de libros de texto de ciencias "
+"para nivel medio superior, _Free High School Science Text project_. La "
+"mayoría de los estudiantes en el nivel medio superior de Sudáfrica no tenían "
+"acceso a libros de texto exhaustivos de alta calidad de matemáticas y "
+"ciencias, asi que Mark y sus colegas se dieron a la tarea de editarlos y "
+"ponerlos disponibles libremente."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6450
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8186
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8183
msgid ""
"As physicists, Mark and his colleagues were advocates of open-source "
"software. To make the books open and free, they adopted the Free Software "
-"Foundation’s GNU Free Documentation License.1 They chose LaTeX, a "
-"typesetting program used to publish scientific documents, to author the "
-"books. Over a period of five years, the Free High School Science Texts "
-"project produced math and physical-science textbooks for grades 10 to 12."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6457
+"Foundation’s GNU Free Documentation License.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
+"id=\"0\"/> They chose LaTeX, a typesetting program used to publish "
+"scientific documents, to author the books. Over a period of five years, the "
+"Free High School Science Texts project produced math and physical-science "
+"textbooks for grades 10 to 12."
+msgstr ""
+"Como físicos, Mark y sus colegas eran partidarios del software de código "
+"abierto. Para hacer a los libros abiertos y gratuitos, adoptaron la licencia "
+"GNU de documentación libre de la Free Software Foundation.<placeholder type="
+"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Escogieron LaTeX, un programa de composición de "
+"texto usado para publicar documentos científicos, para escribir los libros. "
+"Durante un periodo de cinco años, el proyecto de libros de texto libres para "
+"nivel medio superior produjo libros de matemáticas y ciencias físicas para "
+"los grados 10 al 12."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8192
msgid ""
"In 2007, the Shuttleworth Foundation offered funding support to make the "
-"textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after "
+"textbooks available for trial use at more schools. Surveys before and after "
"the textbooks were adopted showed there were no substantial criticisms of "
"the textbooks’ pedagogical content. This pleased both the authors and "
"Shuttleworth; Mark remains incredibly proud of this accomplishment."
msgstr ""
+"En 2007, la fundación Shuttleworth ofreció apoyo financiero para hacer a los "
+"libros de texto disponibles para su uso de prueba en más escuelas. Las "
+"encuestas realizadas antes y después de que los libros de texto fueran "
+"adapotados mostraron que no había señalamientos substanciales acerca del "
+"contenido pedagógico de los libros de texto. Esto agradó tanto a los autores "
+"como a la fundación Shuttlewoth; Mark continúa sintiendo profundo orgullo de "
+"este logro."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6462
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8200
msgid ""
"But the development of new textbooks froze at this stage. Mark shifted his "
"focus to rural schools, which didn’t have textbooks at all, and looked into "
"the printing and distribution options. A few sponsors came on board but not "
"enough to meet the need."
msgstr ""
+"Pero el desarrollo de nuevos libros de texto se congeló en esta etapa. Mark "
+"cambió su interés hacia las escuelas rurales, quienes no tenían ningun libro "
+"de texto en absoluto, y buscó las opciones de impresión y distribución. "
+"Algunos promotores se unieron pero no los necesarios para cubrir las "
+"necesidades."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8210
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.capetowndeclaration.org\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6470
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8206
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of "
+#| "open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. "
+#| "One result was the Cape Town Open Education Declaration, a statement of "
+#| "principles, strategies, and commitment to help the open-education "
+#| "movement grow.2 Shuttleworth also invited Mark to run a project writing "
+#| "open content for all subjects for K–12 in English. That project became "
+#| "Siyavula."
msgid ""
"In 2007, Shuttleworth and the Open Society Institute convened a group of "
-"open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One "
+"open-education activists for a small but lively meeting in Cape Town. One "
"result was the Cape Town Open Education Declaration, a statement of "
"principles, strategies, and commitment to help the open-education movement "
-"grow.2 Shuttleworth also invited Mark to run a project writing open content "
-"for all subjects for K–12 in English. That project became Siyavula."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6477
+"grow.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Shuttleworth also invited "
+"Mark to run a project writing open content for all subjects for K–12 in "
+"English. That project became Siyavula."
+msgstr ""
+"En 2007, Shuttleworth y el instituto Open Society reunieron a un grupo de "
+"activistas de la educación abierta para una reunión pequeña pero vivida en "
+"ciudad del Cabo. Uno de los resultados fue la declaración de educación "
+"abierta de la ciudad del Cabo, una declaración de principios, estrategias, y "
+"compromisos para ayudar al movimiento de educación abierta para crecer. 2 "
+"Shuttleworth también invitó a Mark para comenzar un proyecto escribiendo "
+"contenido abierto para todos los temas del K-12 en inglés. Ese proyecto se "
+"volvió Siyavula."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8215
msgid ""
"They wrote six original textbooks. A small publishing company offered "
"Shuttleworth the option to buy out the publisher’s existing K–9 content for "
"was struck, and all the acquired content was licensed with Creative Commons, "
"significantly expanding the collection beyond the six original books."
msgstr ""
+"Escribieron seis libros de texto iniciales. Una pequeña compañía editorial "
+"ofreció a Shuttleworth la opción de comprar el contenido K-9 existente de la "
+"editorial para cada tema en las escuela sudafricanas tanto en inglés como en "
+"afrikaans. Se logró un acuerdo, y todos el contenido adquirido fue "
+"licenciado con Creative Commons, ampliando significativamente la colección "
+"mas allá de los seis libros iniciales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6490
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8223
msgid ""
"Mark wanted to build out the remaining curricula collaboratively through "
-"communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. "
-"Although sharing is fundamental to teaching, there can be a few challenges "
-"when you create educational resources collectively. One concern is legal. It "
-"is standard practice in education to copy diagrams and snippets of text, but "
-"of course this doesn’t always comply with copyright law. Another concern is "
+"communities of practice—that is, with fellow educators and writers. Although "
+"sharing is fundamental to teaching, there can be a few challenges when you "
+"create educational resources collectively. One concern is legal. It is "
+"standard practice in education to copy diagrams and snippets of text, but of "
+"course this doesn’t always comply with copyright law. Another concern is "
"transparency. Sharing what you’ve authored means everyone can see it and "
"opens you up to criticism. To alleviate these concerns, Mark adopted a team-"
"based approach to authoring and insisted the curricula be based entirely on "
"resources with Creative Commons licenses, thereby ensuring they were safe to "
"share and free from legal repercussions."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6498
+"Mark quería generar la curricula pendiente de manera colaborativa a través "
+"de comunidades de práctica—esto es, con compañeros educadores y escritores. "
+"A pesar de que compartir es fundamental para la enseñanza, pueden existir "
+"algunos desafíos cuando se crean recursos educativos colectivamente. Un "
+"aspecto es el legal. Es una práctica estándar en educación copiar diagramas "
+"y fragmentos de un texto, por supuesto esto no siempre cumple con la "
+"legislación del copyright. Otro aspecto es la transparencia. Compartir lo "
+"que has generado significa que cualquiera puede verlo y te expone a las "
+"críticas. Para aliviar estas preocupaciones, Mark adoptó un acercamiento en "
+"forma de equipo para crear e insistió que la curricula estuviera basada "
+"enteramente en recursos bajo licencias Creative Commons, asegurandose que de "
+"esa manera estarían seguros para compartir y libres de repercusiones legales."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8242
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://cnx.org\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8238
msgid ""
"Not only did Mark want the resources to be shareable, he wanted all teachers "
"to be able to remix and edit the content. Mark and his team had to come up "
-"with an open editable format and provide tools for editing. They ended up "
+"with an open editable format and provide tools for editing. They ended up "
"putting all the books they’d acquired and authored on a platform called "
-"Connexions.3 Siyavula trained many teachers to use Connexions, but it proved "
-"to be too complex and the textbooks were rarely edited."
+"Connexions.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Siyavula trained many "
+"teachers to use Connexions, but it proved to be too complex and the "
+"textbooks were rarely edited."
msgstr ""
+"Mark no solo quería que los recursos se pudieran compartir, quería que todos "
+"los maestros fueran capaced de editar y combinar el contenido. Mark y su "
+"equipo tuvieron que proporcionar un formato abierto editable y herramientas "
+"para la edición. Terminaron colocando todos los libros que habían adquirido "
+"y creado en una plataforma llamada Connexions.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" "
+"id=\"0\"/> Siyavula entrenó a varios maestros para usar Connexions, pero "
+"probo ser demasiado complejo y los libros de texto rara vez fueron editados."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6504
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8246
msgid ""
"Then the Shuttleworth Foundation decided to completely restructure its work "
"as a foundation into a fellowship model (for reasons completely unrelated to "
"Siyavula). As part of that transition in 2009–10, Mark inherited Siyavula as "
"an independent entity and took ownership over it as a Shuttleworth fellow."
msgstr ""
+"Entonces la fundación Shuttleworth decidió restructurar completamente su "
+"trabajo como fundación en un modelo de tutorías ( por razones completamente "
+"sin relación con Siyavula ). Como parte de esa transición en 2009–10, Mark "
+"heredó Siyavula como una entidad independiente y tomó posesión de esta como "
+"un fellow de Shuttleworth."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6511
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8253
msgid ""
-"Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They tried "
-"creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that "
+"Mark and his team experimented with several different strategies. They "
+"tried creating an authoring and hosting platform called Full Marks so that "
"teachers could share assessment items. They tried creating a service called "
"Open Press, where teachers could ask for open educational resources to be "
"aggregated into a package and printed for them. These services never really "
"panned out."
msgstr ""
+"Mark y su equipo experimentaron con varias estrategias diferentes. "
+"Intentaron crear una plataforma de almacenamiento y creación llamada Full "
+"Marks de tal manera que los maestros pudieran compartir elementos de "
+"evaluación. Intentaron crear un servicio llamado Open Press, donde los "
+"maestros pudieran perguntar por recursos educativos abiertos para ser "
+"agregados en un paquete e impreso para ellos. Estos servicios nunca "
+"funcionaron realmente."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6518
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8261
msgid ""
"Then the South African government approached Siyavula with an interest in "
"printing out the original six Free High School Science Texts (math and "
-"physical-science textbooks for grades 10 to 12) for all high school students "
-"in South Africa. Although at this point Siyavula was a bit discouraged by "
-"open educational resources, they saw this as a big opportunity."
+"physical-science textbooks for grades 10 to 12) for all high school "
+"students in South Africa. Although at this point Siyavula was a bit "
+"discouraged by open educational resources, they saw this as a big "
+"opportunity."
msgstr ""
+"Entonces el gobierno de Sudáfrica se acerco a Siyavula con el interés de "
+"imprimir los seis libros libres de text de ciencias para nivel medio "
+"superior (libros de texto de matemáticas y ciencias–física para los grados "
+"10 a 12) para todos los estudiantes de medio-superior en Sudáfrica. Aunque "
+"en este punto Siyavula estaba un poco decepcionado de los recursos "
+"educativos abiertos, vieron esto como una gran oportunidad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6526
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8269
msgid ""
"They began to conceive of the six books as having massive marketing "
"potential for Siyavula. Printing Siyavula books for every kid in South "
"make the books available on their website, making it possible for learners "
"to access them using any device—computer, tablet, or mobile phone."
msgstr ""
+"Comenzaron a pensar de los seis libros que tenían un potencial masívo de "
+"mercadeo para Siyavula. Imprimir los libros de Siyavula para cada niño en "
+"Sudáfrica le daría a su marca una amplía exposición y podría dirigir grandes "
+"cantidades de tráfico a sus sitios web. Además de imprimir libros, Siyavula "
+"también podría poner sus libros disponibles en sus sitios web, haciendo "
+"posible para los estudiantes tener acceso a ellos usando cualquier "
+"dispositivo—computadora, tableta, o teléfono móvil."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6537
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8278
msgid ""
"Mark and his team began imagining what they could develop beyond what was in "
"the textbooks as a service they charge for. One key thing you can’t do well "
"in a printed textbook is demonstrate solutions. Typically, a one-line answer "
"is given at the end of the book but nothing on the process for arriving at "
-"that solution. Mark and his team developed practice items and detailed "
+"that solution. Mark and his team developed practice items and detailed "
"solutions, giving learners plenty of opportunity to test out what they’ve "
"learned. Furthermore, an algorithm could adapt these practice items to the "
"individual needs of each learner. They called this service Intelligent "
"Practice and embedded links to it in the open textbooks."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6542
+"Mark y su equipo comenzaron a imaginar qué podrían desarrollar más alla de "
+"lo que estuviera en los libros de texto como un servicio por el que se "
+"pudiera cobrar. Algo fundamental que no puedes hacer bien en un libro de "
+"texto impreso es demostrar soluciones. Tipicamente, una solución en una "
+"línea es dada al final del libro pero nada del proceso para llegar a esa "
+"solución. Mark y su equipo desarrollaron materiales de práctica y soluciones "
+"detalladas, dando a los estudiantes amplias oportunidades para prácticar lo "
+"que hubieran aprendido. Además, unu algoritmo podría adaptar estos "
+"materiales de práctica a las necesidades individuales de cada estudiante. "
+"Llamaron a este servicio Intelligent Practice y agregaron vínculos a el "
+"dentro de los libros de texto abiertos."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8291
msgid ""
"The costs for using Intelligent Practice were set very low, making it "
"accessible even to those with limited financial means. Siyavula was going "
"for large volumes and wide-scale use rather than an expensive product "
"targeting only the high end of the market."
msgstr ""
+"El costo por usar Intelligent Practice se fijó muy bajo, haciendolo "
+"accesible incluso para aquellos con limitados medios financieros. Siyavula "
+"iba por grandes volúmenes y amplio uso en vez de un producto costoso "
+"dirigido únicamente a la parte más alta del mercado."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6550
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8297
msgid ""
"The government distributed the books to 1.5 million students, but there was "
-"an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, "
+"an unexpected wrinkle: the books were delivered late. Rather than wait, "
"schools who could afford it provided students with a different textbook. The "
"Siyavula books were eventually distributed, but with well-off schools mainly "
"using a different book, the primary market for Siyavula’s Intelligent "
"Practice service inadvertently became low-income learners."
msgstr ""
+"El gobierno distribuyó los libros a 1.5 millones de estudiantes, pero hubo "
+"un hecho inesperado: los libros fueron distribuidos tarde. En vez de "
+"esperar, las escuelas que los podían adquirir les dieron a los estudiantes "
+"un libro de texto diferente. Los libros de Siyavula eventualmente se "
+"distribuyeron, pero con las escuelas adineradas usando un libro diferente, "
+"el mercado primario para el servicio Intelligent Practice de Siyavula "
+"involuntariamente se volvió los estudiantes de bajos ingresos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6558
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8306
msgid ""
"Siyavula’s site did see a dramatic increase in traffic. They got five "
"hundred thousand visitors per month to their math site and the same number "
"to their science site. Two-fifths of the traffic was reading on a “feature "
-"phone” (a nonsmartphone with no apps). People on basic phones were reading "
+"phone” (a nonsmartphone with no apps). People on basic phones were reading "
"math and science on a two-inch screen at all hours of the day. To Mark, it "
"was quite amazing and spoke to a need they were servicing."
msgstr ""
+"El sitio de Siyavula contempló un dramático incremento en su tráfico. "
+"Tuvieron quinientos mil visitantes por mes a su sitio de matemáticas y la "
+"misma cantidad para su sitio de ciencias. Dos quintos del tráfico estaban "
+"leyendo en un «teléfono básico» (teléfono móvil de características "
+"limitadas ). Las personas con teléfonos básicos leían matemáticas y ciencia "
+"en una pantalla de dos pulgadas durante todo el día. Para Mark, era "
+"bastante sorprendente y hablaba de una necesidad de lo que estaban "
+"atendiendo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6565
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8315
msgid ""
"At first, the Intelligent Practice services could only be paid using a "
"credit card. This proved problematic, especially for those in the low-income "
-"demographic, as credit cards were not prevalent. Mark says Siyavula got a "
+"demographic, as credit cards were not prevalent. Mark says Siyavula got a "
"harsh business-model lesson early on. As he describes it, it’s not just "
"about product, but how you sell it, who the market is, what the price is, "
"and what the barriers to entry are."
msgstr ""
+"Al principio, el servicio de Intelligent Practice podía ser pagado "
+"únicamente usando una tarjeta de crédito. Esto demostró ser problemático, "
+"especialmente para aquellos en el sector demográfico de bajos ingresos, "
+"donde las tarjetas de crédito no son predominantes. Mark comenta que "
+"Siyavula tuvo una dura lección de modelo de negocios tempranamente. Como él "
+"lo describe, no es acerca del producto, sino de cómo lo vendes, quién es el "
+"mercado, cuál es el precio, y que barreras para acceder hay."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6570
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8324
msgid ""
"Mark describes this as the first version of Siyavula’s business model: open "
"textbooks serving as marketing material and driving traffic to your site, "
"where you can offer a related service and convert some people into a paid "
"customer."
msgstr ""
+"Mark describe esto como la primera versión del modelo de negocios de "
+"Siyavula: libros de texto abiertos funcionando como material de "
+"mercadotecnia y dirigiendo tráfico a ti sitio, donde puede ofrecer un "
+"servicio relacionado y convertir algunas personas en clientes de pago."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6577
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8330
msgid ""
"For Mark a key decision for Siyavula’s business was to focus on how they can "
"add value on top of their basic service. They’ll charge only if they are "
"contrasts this with traditional publishers who charge over and over again "
"for the same content without adding value."
msgstr ""
+"Para Mark una decisión clave para el negocio de Siyavula fue enfocarse en "
+"cómo pueden agregar valor por encima de sus servicios básicos. Ellos "
+"cobrarán únicamente si están agregando valor único. El contenido presente en "
+"los libros de texto no es único, entonces Siyavula no ve ningún valor en "
+"cerrarlo y cobrar por el. Mark contrasta esto con los editores tradicionales "
+"quienes cobran una y otra vez por el mismo contenido sin agregar valor."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6587
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8339
msgid ""
"Version two of Siyavula’s business model was a big, ambitious idea—scale up. "
"They also decided to sell the Intelligent Practice service to schools "
"directly. Schools can subscribe on a per-student, per-subject basis. A "
"single subscription gives a learner access to a single subject, including "
-"practice content from every grade available for that subject. Lower "
+"practice content from every grade available for that subject. Lower "
"subscription rates are provided when there are over two hundred students, "
"and big schools have a price cap. A 40 percent discount is offered to "
"schools where both the science and math departments subscribe."
msgstr ""
+"La segunda versión del modelo de negocios de Siyavula fue una gran y "
+"ambiciosa idea—aumentada proporcionalmente. También decidieron vender el "
+"servicio Intelligent Practice a las escuelas directamente. Las escuelas "
+"pueden suscribirse de una forma por estudiante, por tema. Una suscripción "
+"individual le da al estudiante acceso a un tema individual, incluyendo "
+"contenido de práctico para cada grado disponible para ese tema. Bajas tasas "
+"de suscripción son proporcionadas cuando hay más de doscientos estudiantes, "
+"y las escuelas tienen un tope de precio. Un descuento del 40 porciento se "
+"ofrece a las escuelas donde los departamentos de matemáticas y de ciencias "
+"se suscriben."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6595
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8350
msgid ""
"Teachers get a dashboard that allows them to monitor the progress of an "
"entire class or view an individual learner’s results. They can see the "
"dashboard, where they can view the sections they’ve practiced, how many "
"points they’ve earned, and how their performance is improving."
msgstr ""
+"Los profesores obtienen un panel que les permite monitorear el progreso de "
+"una clase entera o ver los resultados de un estudiante. Pueden ver las "
+"preguntas en las que los estudiantes están trabajando, identificar áreas de "
+"dificultad, y ser más estratégicos en sus enseñazas. Los estudiantes también "
+"pueden tener sus propio panel personalizado, donde pueden ver las secciones "
+"que han practicado, cuantos puntos han obtenido, y como se va mejorando su "
+"desempeño."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6601
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8359
msgid ""
"Based on the success of this effort, Siyavula decided to substantially "
"increase the production of open educational resources so they could provide "
-"the Intelligent Practice service for a wider range of books. Grades 10 to "
-"12 math and science books were reworked each year, and new books created for "
+"the Intelligent Practice service for a wider range of books. Grades 10 to 12 "
+"math and science books were reworked each year, and new books created for "
"grades 4 to 6 and later grades 7 to 9."
msgstr ""
+"Basado en el éxito de este esfuerzo, Siyavula decidió incrementar "
+"sustancialmente la producción de los recursos educativos abiertos de tal "
+"manera que pudieran ofrecer el servicio de Intelligent Practice para un "
+"rango más amplio de libros. Los libros de matemáticas y ciencias para los "
+"grados 10 al 12 fueron retrabajados cada año, y nuevos libros fueron creados "
+"para los grados 4 al 6 y depués para los grados 7 al 9."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8370
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6607
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8367
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, "
+#| "Siyavula produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks "
+#| "for grades 4 to 6 called Thunderbolt Kids that uses a fun comic-book "
+#| "style.4 It’s a complete curriculum that also comes with teacher’s guides "
+#| "and other resources."
msgid ""
"In partnership with, and sponsored by, the Sasol Inzalo Foundation, Siyavula "
"produced a series of natural sciences and technology workbooks for grades 4 "
-"to 6 called Thunderbolt Kids that uses a fun comic-book style.4 It’s a "
-"complete curriculum that also comes with teacher’s guides and other "
-"resources."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6615
+"to 6 called Thunderbolt Kids that uses a fun comic-book style.<placeholder "
+"type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> It’s a complete curriculum that also comes with "
+"teacher’s guides and other resources."
+msgstr ""
+"En asociación, y patrocinado por, la fundación Sasol Inzalo, Siyavula "
+"produjo una serie de libros de trabajo de ciencias naturales y tecnología "
+"para los grados 4 al 6 titulados Thunderbolt Kids que usa un estilo "
+"divertido de cuento de cómic. Es un curriculum completo que también viene "
+"con una guía de maestro y otros recursos."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8374
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help "
+#| "fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time "
+#| "nailed the production model. It cost roughly \\$150,000 to produce a book "
+#| "in two languages. Sponsors liked the social-benefit aspect of textbooks "
+#| "unlocked via a Creative Commons license. They also liked the exposure "
+#| "their brand got. For roughly \\$150,000, their logo would be visible on "
+#| "books distributed to over one million students."
msgid ""
"Through this experience, Siyavula learned they could get sponsors to help "
"fund openly licensed textbooks. It helped that Siyavula had by this time "
-"nailed the production model. It cost roughly \\$150,000 to produce a book in "
+"nailed the production model. It cost roughly $150,000 to produce a book in "
"two languages. Sponsors liked the social-benefit aspect of textbooks "
"unlocked via a Creative Commons license. They also liked the exposure their "
-"brand got. For roughly \\$150,000, their logo would be visible on books "
+"brand got. For roughly $150,000, their logo would be visible on books "
"distributed to over one million students."
msgstr ""
+"A través de esta experiencia, Siyavula aprendió que podían conseguir "
+"patrocinadores para ayudar a financiar los libros de texto con lincencias "
+"abiertas. Ayudó que Siyavula para este tiempo había coseguido el modelo de "
+"producción. Costó aproximadamente \\$150,000 producir un libro en dos "
+"idiomas. A los patrocinadores les gustó el aspecto del beneficio social de "
+"los libros de texto abiertos via la licencia Creative Commons. También les "
+"gustó la exposición que su marca obtuvo. Por cerca de \\$150,000, su logo "
+"sería visible en lobros distribuidos a más de un millon de estudiantes."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6622
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8384
msgid ""
"The Siyavula books that are reviewed, approved, and branded by the "
"government are freely and openly available on Siyavula’s website under an "
"Attribution license (CC BY), allowing others to modify and redistribute the "
"books."
msgstr ""
+"Los libros de Siyavula que son revisados, aprovados, y con sello de marca "
+"por el gobierno son sin costo y abiertos, estan disponibles en el sitio web "
+"de Siyavula bajo la licencia Attribution-NoDerivs (CC BY-ND)—NoDerivs "
+"significa que estos libros no pueden ser modificados. Los libros con sello "
+"de marca no gubernamentales estan disponibles bajo una licencia Attribution "
+"(CC BY), permitiendo a otros modificar y redistribuir los libros."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6631
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8392
msgid ""
"Although the South African government paid to print and distribute hard "
"copies of the books to schoolkids, Siyavula itself received no funding from "
"free to every child in the country. But after a lengthy negotiation, the "
"government said no."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6639
+"Aunque el gobierno de Sudáfrica pagó para imprimir y distribuir copias "
+"impresas de los libros a menores estudiantes, Siyavula no recibió "
+"financiamiento por parte del gobierno. Siyavula inicialmente intentó "
+"convencer al gobierno de darles cinco rands por libro (cerca de ¢ 35 usdl). "
+"Con esos fondos, Mark comenta que Siyavula podría haber sostenido su "
+"operación entera, construido un modelo de base comunitaria para producir más "
+"libros, y proveído el servicio Intelligent Practice sin costo para cada "
+"menor en el país. Pero después de una larga negociación, el gobierno se negó."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8403
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. "
+#| "Providing students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or "
+#| "math textbook costs around 250 rand per book (about US\\$18). Providing "
+#| "the Siyavula version cost around 36 rand (about \\$2.60), a savings of "
+#| "over 200 rand per book. But none of those savings were passed on to "
+#| "Siyavula. In retrospect, Mark thinks this may have turned out in their "
+#| "favor as it allowed them to remain independent from the government."
msgid ""
"Using Siyavula books generated huge savings for the government. Providing "
"students with a traditionally published grade 12 science or math textbook "
-"costs around 250 rand per book (about US\\$18). Providing the Siyavula "
-"version cost around 36 rand (about \\$2.60), a savings of over 200 rand per "
+"costs around 250 rand per book (about US$18). Providing the Siyavula "
+"version cost around 36 rand (about $2.60), a savings of over 200 rand per "
"book. But none of those savings were passed on to Siyavula. In retrospect, "
"Mark thinks this may have turned out in their favor as it allowed them to "
"remain independent from the government."
msgstr ""
+"Usar los libros de Siyavula generó grandes ahorros para el gobierno. Proveer "
+"a los estudiantes con libro de texto publicado tradicional de ciencia o "
+"matemáticas para el grado 12 costaría alrededor de 250 rands por libro "
+"(cerca de US\\$18). Proporcionar la versión de Siyavula costaría alrededor "
+"de 36 rands (cerca de \\$2.60), un ahorro de cerca de 200 rands por libro. "
+"Pero ninguno de estos ahorros fue transferido a Siyavula. En retrospectiva, "
+"Mark cree que esto podría haberlos ayudado ya que les permitió mantenerse "
+"independientes del gobierno."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6646
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8413
msgid ""
"Just as Siyavula was planning to scale up the production of open textbooks "
"even more, the South African government changed its textbook policy. To save "
"costs, the government declared there would be only one authorized textbook "
"for each grade and each subject. There was no guarantee that Siyavula’s "
-"would be chosen. This scared away potential sponsors."
+"would be chosen. This scared away potential sponsors."
msgstr ""
+"Justo cuando Siyavula estaba planeando incrementar aún más la producción de "
+"libros de texto abiertos, el gobierno de Sudáfrica cambió su política de "
+"libros de texto. Para ahorrar, el gobierno decaró que habría únicamente un "
+"libro de texto autorizado para cada grado y para cada tema. No había "
+"garantía de que Siyavula sería escogido. Esto ahuyentó a patrocinadores "
+"potenciales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6655
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8421
msgid ""
"Rather than producing more textbooks, Siyavula focused on improving its "
"Intelligent Practice technology for its existing books. Mark calls this "
"Pierre Omidyar and his spouse), and continues to be the model Siyavula uses "
"today."
msgstr ""
+"En vez de producir más libros de texto, Siyavula se enfocó en mejorar su "
+"tecnología de Intelligent Practice para sus libros existentes. Mark llamó a "
+"esta la tercera versión del modelo de negocios de Siyavula—orientandose en "
+"la tecnología que provee el servicio de generación de ingresos y generan más "
+"usuarios de este servicio. La tercer versión tuvo un gran impulso en 2014 "
+"con la inversión de la Omidyar Network ( la empresa filantrópica de riesgo "
+"iniciada por el fundador de eBay Pierre Omidyar y su esposa), y continua "
+"siendo el modelo que usa Siyavula actualmente."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6660
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8432
msgid ""
"Mark says sales are way up, and they are really nailing Intelligent "
"Practice. Schools continue to use their open textbooks. The government-"
"announced policy that there would be only one textbook per subject turned "
"out to be highly contentious and is in limbo."
msgstr ""
+"Mark dice que las ventas están subiendo, y que verdaderamente estan logrando "
+"la meta del servicio Intelligent Practice. Las escuelas siguen usando sus "
+"libros de texto abiertos. La anunciada política gubernamental de que "
+"existiría únicamente un libro de texto por tema mostró ser bastante "
+"conflictiva y está en el limbo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6667
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8439
msgid ""
-"Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. "
-"These include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over "
-"the phone, diversifying their market to all English-speaking countries in "
+"Siyavula is exploring a range of enhancements to their business model. These "
+"include charging a small amount for assessment services provided over the "
+"phone, diversifying their market to all English-speaking countries in "
"Africa, and setting up a consortium that makes Intelligent Practice free to "
"all kids by selling the nonpersonal data Intelligent Practice collects."
msgstr ""
+"Siyavula está explorando una variedad de mejoras a su modelo de negocios. "
+"Esto incluye cobrar una pequeña cantidad por servicios de evaluación por "
+"teléfono provistos, diversificar su mercado a todos los países de habla "
+"inglesa en África, y crear un consorcio que haga al servicio Intelligent "
+"Practice libre para todos los niños al vender los datos no personales que "
+"Intelligent Practice recolecta."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6680
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8447
msgid ""
-"Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their "
+"Siyavula is a for-profit business but one with a social mission. Their "
"shareholders’ agreement lists lots of requirements around openness for "
"Siyavula, including stipulations that content always be put under an open "
"license and that they can’t charge for something that people volunteered to "
-"do for them. They believe each individual should have access to the "
-"resources and support they need to achieve the education they deserve. "
-"Having educational resources openly licensed with Creative Commons means "
-"they can fulfill their social mission, on top of which they can build "
-"revenue-generating services to sustain the ongoing operation of Siyavula. In "
-"terms of open business models, Mark and Siyavula may have been around the "
-"block a few times, but both he and the company are stronger for it."
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687
-msgid "www.gnu.org/licenses/fdl"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687
-msgid "www.capetowndeclaration.org"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '3. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687
-msgid "cnx.org"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '4. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6687
-msgid "www.siyavula.com/products-primary-school.html"
+"do for them. They believe each individual should have access to the "
+"resources and support they need to achieve the education they deserve. "
+"Having educational resources openly licensed with Creative Commons means "
+"they can fulfill their social mission, on top of which they can build "
+"revenue-generating services to sustain the ongoing operation of Siyavula. In "
+"terms of open business models, Mark and Siyavula may have been around the "
+"block a few times, but both he and the company are stronger for it."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6689
-msgid "## Sparkfun"
-msgstr "## Sparkfun"
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6692
+"Siyavula es una empresa con ánimo de lucro pero una con una misión social. "
+"Su acuerdo de accionista lista muchos requisitos alrededor de la "
+"transparencia para Siyavula, incluyendo estipulaciones de que el contenido "
+"siempre sera puesto bajo una licencia abierta y de que no pueden cobrar por "
+"algo que la gente realizo para ellos voluntariamente. Ellos creen que cada "
+"individuo debería tener acceso a los recursos y el apoyo que necesitan para "
+"alcanzar la educación que merecen. Tener recursos educativos abiertamente "
+"licenciados bajo Creative Commons significa que pueden completar su misión "
+"social, encima de la cual pueden construir servicios que generen ingresos "
+"para sostener la operación corriente de Siyavula. En terminos de modelos de "
+"negocios abiertos, Mark y Siyavula pueden haber tenido experiencias, pero "
+"ambos, él y la compañía son más fuertes por eso."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8463
+msgid "SparkFun"
+msgstr "SparkFun"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8466
msgid ""
"SparkFun is an online electronics retailer specializing in open hardware. "
"Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
"SparkFun es una tienda en línea de ventas al por menor que se especializa en "
"hardware abierto. Fundada en 2003 en Estados Unidos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6694
-msgid "www.sparkfun.com"
-msgstr "www.sparkfun.com"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8470
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.sparkfun.com\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6696
-msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (electronics sales)"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8472
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Revenue model: charging for physical copies (electronics sales)"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: charging for physical "
+"copies (electronics sales)"
msgstr ""
"Modelo de ingresos: cobrar por copias físicas (ventas de componentes "
"electrónicos)"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6698
-msgid "Interview date: February 29, 2016"
-msgstr "Fecha de entrevista: 29 de febrero de 2016"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8475
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: February 29, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: February 29, 2016"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 29 de febrero, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6700
-msgid "Interviewee: Nathan Seidle, founder"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8478
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: Nathan Seidle, founder"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Nathan Seidle, founder"
msgstr "Entrevistado: Nathan Seidle, fundador"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6708
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8486
msgid ""
"SparkFun founder and former CEO Nathan Seidle has a picture of himself "
"holding up a clone of a SparkFun product in an electronics market in China, "
"en China cuando se encontró su tecnología de indumentaria LilyPad siendo "
"hecha por alguien más. Su reacción fue de júbilo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6713
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8493
msgid ""
"“Being copied is the greatest earmark of flattery and success,” Nathan said. "
"“I thought it was so cool that they were selling to a market we were never "
"nunca vamos a obtener acceso de otra forma. Fue evidencia de nuestro impacto "
"en el mundo.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6721
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8499
msgid ""
"This worldview runs through everything SparkFun does. SparkFun is an "
"electronics manufacturer. The company sells its products directly to the "
"planes de estudio, de forma que cualquier persona pueda hacer sus productos "
"por su cuenta. Ser copiados es parte del diseño."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6729
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8508
msgid ""
"Nathan believes open licensing is good for the world. “It touches on our "
"natural human instinct to share,” he said. But he also strongly believes it "
"algo que no sea su diseño de productos, o lo que más comúnmente se considera "
"como propiedad intelectual."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6733
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8517
msgid ""
"“We compete on business principles,” Nathan said. “Claiming your territory "
"with intellectual property allows you to get comfy and rest on your laurels. "
"con propiedad intelectual permite ponerse cómodos y dormirse en los "
"laureles. Da una red de seguridad. Nosotros quitamos esa red de seguridad.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6741
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8523
msgid ""
"The result is an intense company-wide focus on product development and "
"improvement. “Our products are so much better than they were five years "
"mejorado porque tuvimos que hacerlo para competir. Tan doloroso como es para "
"nosotros, es mejor para los clientes.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6749
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8533
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come "
+#| "directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The "
+#| "example code works; there is a service number to call; they ship "
+#| "replacement parts the day they get a service call. They invest heavily in "
+#| "service and support. “I don’t believe businesses should be competing with "
+#| "IP \\[intellectual property\\] barriers,” Nathan said. “This is the stuff "
+#| "they should be competing on.”"
msgid ""
"SparkFun parts are available on eBay for lower prices. But people come "
"directly to SparkFun because SparkFun makes their lives easier. The example "
"code works; there is a service number to call; they ship replacement parts "
"the day they get a service call. They invest heavily in service and support. "
-"“I don’t believe businesses should be competing with IP \\[intellectual "
-"property\\] barriers,” Nathan said. “This is the stuff they should be "
+"“I don’t believe businesses should be competing with IP [intellectual "
+"property] barriers,” Nathan said. “This is the stuff they should be "
"competing on.”"
msgstr ""
"Las partes de SparkFun están disponibles en eBay a precios más bajos. Pero "
"negocios deberían competir con barreras de propiedad intelectual,» dijo "
"Nathan. «Esto es con lo que deberían competir.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6758
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8542
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent "
+#| "a lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he "
+#| "realized there was a void in the market. “If you wanted to place an order "
+#| "for something,” he said, “you first had to search far and wide to find "
+#| "it, and then you had to call or fax someone.” In 2003, during his third "
+#| "year of college, he registered sparkfun.com and started reselling "
+#| "products out of his bedroom. After he graduated, he started making and "
+#| "selling his own products."
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s company history began in Nathan’s college dorm room. He spent a "
"lot of time experimenting with and building electronics, and he realized "
"there was a void in the market. “If you wanted to place an order for "
"something,” he said, “you first had to search far and wide to find it, and "
"then you had to call or fax someone.” In 2003, during his third year of "
-"college, he registered sparkfun.com and started reselling products out of "
-"his bedroom. After he graduated, he started making and selling his own "
-"products."
+"college, he registered <ulink url=\"http://sparkfun.com\"/> and started "
+"reselling products out of his bedroom. After he graduated, he started making "
+"and selling his own products."
msgstr ""
"La historia de la compañía de SparkFun comenzó en el dormitorio de la "
"universidad de Nathan. Él pasó mucho tiempo experimentando y construyendo "
"sparkfun.com y empezó a revender productos desde su dormitorio. Después de "
"graduarse, empezó a hacer y vender sus propios productos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6765
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8553
msgid ""
"Once he started designing his own products, he began putting the software "
-"and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some "
+"and schematics online to help with technical support. After doing some "
"research on licensing options, he chose Creative Commons licenses because he "
"was drawn to the “human-readable deeds” that explain the licensing terms in "
"simple terms. SparkFun still uses CC licenses for all of the schematics and "
"simples. SparkFun aun usa licencias CC para todos sus diagramas y firmware "
"para los productos que crean."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6772
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8562
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 "
+#| "employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned \\$33 million in revenue. Selling "
+#| "components and widgets to hobbyists, professionals, and artists remains a "
+#| "major part of SparkFun’s business. They sell their own products, but they "
+#| "also partner with Arduino (also profiled in this book) by manufacturing "
+#| "boards for resale using Arduino’s brand."
msgid ""
"The company has grown from a solo project to a corporation with 140 "
-"employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned \\$33 million in revenue. Selling "
+"employees. In 2015, SparkFun earned $33 million in revenue. Selling "
"components and widgets to hobbyists, professionals, and artists remains a "
"major part of SparkFun’s business. They sell their own products, but they "
"also partner with Arduino (also profiled in this book) by manufacturing "
"pero también están asociados con Arduino (también perfilado en este libro) "
"para producir placas para revender usando la marca de Arduino."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6779
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8571
msgid ""
"SparkFun also has an educational department dedicated to creating a hands-on "
"curriculum to teach students about electronics using prototyping parts. "
"cuenta, el enfoque más reciente de introducir a personas jóvenes a la "
"tecnología es una extensión natural de su negocio central."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6783
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8579
msgid ""
"“We have the burden and opportunity to educate the next generation of "
"technical citizens,” Nathan said. “Our goal is to affect the lives of three "
"ciudadanos técnicos,» dijo Nathan. «Nuestro objetivo es afectar las vidas de "
"trescientos y cincuenta mil estudiantes de colegio para el 2020.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6792
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8585
msgid ""
"The Creative Commons license underlying all of SparkFun’s products is "
"central to this mission. The license not only signals a willingness to "
"share, but it also expresses a desire for others to get in and tinker with "
-"their products, both to learn and to make their products better. SparkFun "
+"their products, both to learn and to make their products better. SparkFun "
"uses the Attribution-ShareAlike license (CC BY-SA), which is a “copyleft” "
"license that allows people to do anything with the content as long as they "
"provide credit and make any adaptations available under the same licensing "
"contenido siempre y cuando den crédito y hagan cualquier adaptación "
"disponible bajo los mismo términos de licenciamiento."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6801
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8596
msgid ""
"From the beginning, Nathan has tried to create a work environment at "
"SparkFun that he himself would want to work in. The result is what appears "
"veces a la semana, y abren sus puertas al público una vez al año para una "
"competencia."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6812
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8607
msgid ""
"The public event, called the Autonomous Vehicle Competition, brings in a "
"thousand to two thousand customers and other technology enthusiasts from "
"nuestros clientes.» El evento infunde su trabajo con un elemento humano, que "
"lo hace más significativo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6820
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8621
msgid ""
"Nathan has worked hard to imbue a deeper meaning into the work SparkFun "
"does. The company is, of course, focused on being fiscally responsible, but "
"they are ultimately driven by something other than money. “Profit is not the "
-"goal; it is the outcome of a well-executed plan,” Nathan said. “We focus on "
+"goal; it is the outcome of a well-executed plan,” Nathan said. “We focus on "
"having a bigger impact on the world.” Nathan believes they get some of the "
"brightest and most amazing employees because they aren’t singularly focused "
"on the bottom line."
"mundo.» Nathan cree que obtienen a los empleados más brillantes y asombrosos "
"porque no se enfocan de forma singular en el resultado final."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6826
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8631
msgid ""
"The company is committed to transparency and shares all of its financials "
"with its employees. They also generally strive to avoid being another "
"los humanos detrás de la compañía, y trabajan para asegurar que las personas "
"que vienen a su sitio no solo encuentren contenido sin cambios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6836
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8638
msgid ""
"SparkFun’s customer base is largely made up of industrious electronics "
"enthusiasts. They have customers who are regularly involved in the company’s "
"customer support, independently responding to questions in forums and "
-"product-comment sections. Customers also bring product ideas to the company. "
-"SparkFun regularly sifts through suggestions from customers and tries to "
-"build on them where they can. “From the beginning, we have been listening to "
-"the community,” Nathan said. “Customers would identify a pain point, and we "
-"would design something to address it.”"
+"product-comment sections. Customers also bring product ideas to the "
+"company. SparkFun regularly sifts through suggestions from customers and "
+"tries to build on them where they can. “From the beginning, we have been "
+"listening to the community,” Nathan said. “Customers would identify a pain "
+"point, and we would design something to address it.”"
msgstr ""
"La clientela de SparkFun está en gran parte compuesta por personas "
"entusiastas industriosas de los electrónicos. Ellos tienen clientes que "
"inicio, hemos estado escuchando a la comunidad,» dijo Nathan. «Los clientes "
"identifican puntos débiles, y nosotros diseñamos algo para solucionarlos.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6844
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8650
msgid ""
"However, this sort of customer engagement does not always translate to "
-"people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a "
+"people actively contributing to SparkFun’s projects. The company has a "
"public repository of software code for each of its devices online. On a "
"particularly active project, there will only be about two dozen people "
"contributing significant improvements. The vast majority of projects are "
"público. «Hay una teoría de que si usted publica el código, ellos vendrán,» "
"dijo Nathan. «Eso no es realmente cierto.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6852
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8661
msgid ""
"Rather than focusing on cocreation with their customers, SparkFun instead "
"focuses on enabling people to copy, tinker, and improve products on their "
"luego construyen sus propias placas de circuitos a partir de nuestros "
"diseños,» dijo Nathan."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6864
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8670
msgid ""
"Obviously, opening up the design of their products is a necessary step if "
"their goal is to empower the public. Nathan also firmly believes it makes "
"e innovador. En otras palabras, los hace el tipo de compañía que se "
"propusieron ser."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6866
-msgid "## TeachAIDS"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8684
+msgid "TeachAIDS"
+msgstr "TeachAIDS"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6870
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8687
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a nonprofit that creates educational materials designed to "
-"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U.S."
+"teach people around the world about HIV and AIDS. Founded in 2005 in the U."
+"S."
msgstr ""
+"TeachAIDS es una entidad no lucrativa que crea materiales educativos "
+"designados para enseñar a gente alrededor del mundo acerca del VIH y el "
+"SIDA. Fundada en 2005 en los E.U.A."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6872
-msgid "teachaids.org"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8692
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://teachaids.org\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6874
-msgid "Revenue model: sponsorships"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8694
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Revenue model: sponsorships"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: sponsorships"
+msgstr "Modelo de ingresos: patrocinios"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6876
-msgid "Interview date: March 24, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8696
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: March 24, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: March 24, 2016"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 24 de marzo, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6878
-msgid "Interviewees: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair"
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8699
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Interviewees: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Piya Sorcar, the CEO, and "
+"Shuman Ghosemajumder, the chair"
msgstr ""
+"Entrevistados: Piyar Sorcar, el CEO, y Shuman Ghosemajumder, el presidente"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6885
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8707
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is an unconventional media company with a conventional revenue "
-"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. "
+"model. Like most media companies, they are subsidized by advertising. "
"Corporations pay to have their logos appear on the educational materials "
"TeachAIDS distributes."
msgstr ""
+"TeachAIDS es una compañía mediática inusual con un modelo de ingresos "
+"convencional. Como la mayoría de las compañías mediáticas, están subsidiadas "
+"por los anuncios. Los corporativos pagan por que sus logotipos aparezcan en "
+"los materiales educativos que distribuye TeachAIDS."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6896
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8713
msgid ""
"But unlike most media companies, Teach-AIDS is a nonprofit organization with "
"a purely social mission. TeachAIDS is dedicated to educating the global "
"customs. All content is free and made available under a Creative Commons "
"license."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6914
+"Pero a diferencia de la mayoría de las compañías mediáticas, Teach-AIDS es "
+"una organización no lucrativa con una misión puramente social. TeachAIDS "
+"está dedicada a la educación de la población global acerca del VIH y el "
+"SIDA, particularmente en las partes del mundo donde los esfuerzos educativos "
+"has sido históricamente infructuosos. Su contenido educativo es transportado "
+"a través de software interactivo, usando métodos basados en las últimas "
+"investigaciones acerca de cómo aprende la gente. TeachAIDS proporciona el "
+"contenido en más de ochenta países alrededor del mundo. En cada instancia, "
+"el contenido es traducido al lenguaje local y ajustado para apegarse a las "
+"normas y costumbres locales. Todo el contenido es libre y se pone a "
+"disposición bajo una licencia Creative Commons."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8726
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is a labor of love for founder and CEO Piya Sorcar, who earns a "
"salary of one dollar per year from the nonprofit. The project grew out of "
"other mass-media campaigns, which meant people were only receiving bits and "
"pieces of information."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6924
+"TeachAIDS es una labor de amor para el fundador y CEO Piya Sorcar, quien "
+"gana un salario de un dolar por año de la entidad no lucrativa. El proyecto "
+"surgió de la investigación que estaba haciendo mientras perseguía su "
+"doctorado en la Univesidad de Stanford. Estaba leyendo reportes acerca de "
+"India, dandose cuenta de que podría ser la siguiente zona caliente de "
+"personas viviendo con VIH. A pesar de que entidades nacionales e "
+"internacionales invertían cientos de millones de dolares en esfuerzos para "
+"la prevención del VIH, los reportes mostraban que los niveles de "
+"conocimiento eran todavia mínimos. Las personas no estaban conscientes si el "
+"virus podía ser transmitido a través de tóser o estornudar, por ejemplo. "
+"Apoyado por un equipo interdisciplinario de expertos en Stanford, Piya "
+"realizó estudios similares, los cuales corroboraron la investigación "
+"anterior. Encontraron que la principal causa del limitado entendimiento fue "
+"que el VIH, y los problemas relacionados con él, eran frecuentemten "
+"considerados demasiado tabú para discutirlo exhaustivamente. El otro gran "
+"problema era que la educación en este tópico estaban siendo enseñados a "
+"través de publicidad televisiva, carteles, y otras campañas de los medios de "
+"comunicación masivos, lo que significaba que las personas estaban recibiendo "
+"únicamente pedazos de información."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8746
msgid ""
"In late 2005, Piya and her team used research-based design to create new "
"educational materials and worked with local partners in India to help "
"and worked toward creating an effective, culturally appropriate education,” "
"Piya said."
msgstr ""
+"A finales del 2005, Piya y su equipo usaron un diseño basada en "
+"investigación para crear nuevos materiales educativos y trabajaron con "
+"socios locales en India para ayudar a distribuirlos. Tan pronto como el "
+"software de animación fue publicado en línea, el equipo de Piya comenzó a "
+"recibir solicitudes de individuos y gobiernos que estaban interesados en "
+"traer ese modelo a más países. \"Nos dimos cuenta drápidamente que educar a "
+"poblaciones grandes acerca del tema que era considerado tabú sería un reto. "
+"Comenzamos a identificar socios locales óptimos y trabajaron hacia la "
+"creación una educación eficaz, culturalmente apropiada,\" Piya comentó."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6928
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8758
msgid ""
"Very shortly after the initial release, Piya’s team decided to spin the "
"endeavor into an independent nonprofit out of Stanford University. They also "
"decided to use Creative Commons licenses on the materials."
msgstr ""
+"Poco después del lanzamiento inicial, el equipo de Piya decidió convertir el "
+"esfuerzo en una organización sin ánimo de lucro independiente de la "
+"Universidad de Stanford. También decidieron utilizar las licencias de "
+"Creative Commons en los materiales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6941
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8764
msgid ""
"Given their educational mission, TeachAIDS had an obvious interest in seeing "
"the materials as widely shared as possible. But they also needed to preserve "
-"the integrity of the medical information in the content. They chose the "
+"the integrity of the medical information in the content. They chose the "
"Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs license (CC BY-NC-ND), which essentially "
"gives the public the right to distribute only verbatim copies of the "
"content, and for noncommercial purposes. “We wanted attribution for "
"exact problem. It has allowed us to scale our materials safely and quickly "
"worldwide while preserving our content and protecting us at the same time.”"
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6948
+"Dada su misión educativa, TeachAIDS tiene un interés obvio en que estos "
+"materiales se compartan tán ampliamente como sea posible. Pero también "
+"necesitaban preservar la integridad de la información médica en el "
+"contenido. Escogieron la licencia Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-"
+"NC-ND), la cuál esencialemente le da al público el derecho de distribuir "
+"únicamente copias literales del contenido, y para propósitos no comerciales."
+"\"Queríamos los créditos para TeachAIDS, y no podiamos tolerar los "
+"materiales derivados sin examinarlos,\" comentó el confundador y director "
+"Shuman Ghosemajumder. \"Era casi una obviedad ir con una licencia CC porque "
+"era una solución plug-and-play a este problema exacto. Nos ha permitido "
+"escalar nuestros materiales de forma segura y rápida en todo el mundo, "
+"preservando nuestro contenido y protegiéndonos al mismo tiempo.\""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8779
msgid ""
"Choosing a license that does not allow adaptation of the content was an "
"outgrowth of the careful precision with which TeachAIDS crafts their "
"quality content is what matters most to us,” Piya said. “Research drives "
"everything we do.”"
msgstr ""
+"Escoger una licencia que no permita la adaptación del contenido fue una "
+"consecuencia de la cuidadosa precisión con la que TeachAIDS elabora su "
+"contenido. La organización invierte fuertemente en investigación y pruebas "
+"para determinar el mejor método de transmitir la información. \"Crear "
+"contenidos de alta calidad es lo que más nos importa,\" Piya comentó. \"La "
+"investigación impulsa todo lo que hacemos.\""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6955
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8787
msgid ""
"One important finding was that people accept the message best when it comes "
"from familiar voices they trust and admire. To achieve this, TeachAIDS "
"the animated software. The celebrities involved vary for each localized "
"version of the materials."
msgstr ""
+"Un hallazgo importante fue que la gente accepta el mensaje mejor cuando "
+"proviene de voces familiares en las que confían y que admiran. Para alcanzar "
+"esto, TeachAIDS investiga iconos culturales que pudieran resonar mejor con "
+"sus audiencias objetivo y las recluta para donar su encanto y sus voces para "
+"usarlas en el software de animación. Las celebridades involucradas varían "
+"para cada versión adaptada de los materiales."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6968
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8796
msgid ""
"Localization is probably the single-most important aspect of the way "
"TeachAIDS creates its content. While each regional version builds from the "
"significant changes, like creating gendered versions for places where people "
"are more likely to accept information from someone of the same gender."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6982
+"La adaptación local es probablemente el aspecto individual más importante de "
+"la manera en que TeachAIDS crea su contenido. Mientras que cada versión "
+"regional se contruye de la misma base de material científico, ellos destinan "
+"muchos recursos en personalizar el contenido para una población en "
+"particular. Dado que usan la licencia CC que no permite al público adaptar "
+"el contenido, TeachAIDS retiene cuidadoso control sobre el proceso de "
+"adaptación local. El contenido es traducido al lenguaje local, pero también "
+"hay cambios substanciales y en el formato para reflejar diferencias "
+"culturales. Este proceso resulta en cambios menores, como escoger diferentes "
+"idiomas basados en el lenguaje local, y cambios significativos, como crear "
+"versiones por genero para lugares donde las personas tiendan más a aceptar "
+"la información de alguien del mismo genero."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8811
msgid ""
"The localization process relies heavily on volunteers. Their volunteer base "
"is deeply committed to the cause, and the organization has had better luck "
"their standards. For the Tibetan version, they went through this cycle "
"eleven times."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:6999
+"El proceso de adaptación local depende fuertemente en voluntarios. Su base "
+"de voluntarios está fuertemente comprometida con la causa, y la organización "
+"ha tenido mejor suerte controlando la calidad de los materiales cuando usan "
+"voluntarios en vez de usar traductores pagados. Por control de calidad, "
+"TeachAIDS tiene tres equipos de voluntarios separados traduciendo los "
+"materiales del inglés a las lenguas locales y personalizando el contenido "
+"basado en normas y costumbres locales. Esas tres versiones son entonces "
+"analizadas y combinadas en una traducción única maestra. TeachAIDS tiene "
+"equipos adicionales de voluntarios que traducen esa versión de regreso al "
+"inglés para ver que tan bien se ajusta con los materiales originales. "
+"Repiten este proceso hasta que alcanzan una versión traducida que cumple con "
+"sus estándares. Para la versión tibetana, pasaron a través de este ciclo "
+"once veces."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8827
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS employs full-time employees, contractors, and volunteers, all in "
"different capacities and organizational configurations. They are careful to "
"use people from diverse backgrounds to create the materials, including "
"teachers, students, and doctors, as well as individuals experienced in "
"working in the NGO space. This diversity and breadth of knowledge help "
-"ensure their materials resonate with people from all walks of life. "
+"ensure their materials resonate with people from all walks of life. "
"Additionally, TeachAIDS works closely with film writers and directors to "
"help keep the concepts entertaining and easy to understand. The inclusive, "
"but highly controlled, creative process is undertaken entirely by people who "
"have the best of intentions,” Piya said. “We need materials where you can "
"push play and they will work.”"
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7010
+"TeachAIDS emplea trabajadores de tiempo completo, contratistas, y "
+"voluntarios, todos en diferentes cargos y configuraciones organizacionales. "
+"Son cuidadosos en usara personal con antecedentes diversos para crear los "
+"materiales, incluyendo maestros, estudiantes, y doctores, así como "
+"individuos experimentados en trabajar en el espacio ONG. Esta diversidad y "
+"amplitud de conocimiento ayuda a garantizar que sus materiales resuenen con "
+"la gente de todo tipo. Adicionalmente, TeachAIDS trabaja cercanamente con "
+"guionistas y directores para ayudar a mantener los conceptos entretenidos y "
+"fáciles de entender. El proceso creativo inclusivo, pero altamente "
+"controlado, es realizado completamente por personas que son traidas "
+"específicamente para ayudar con un proyecto en particular, en vez del equipo "
+"habitual. El producto final que crean es diseñado para no requerir "
+"entrenamiento en la gente para implementarlo en la práctica.\"En nuestra "
+"investigación, encontramos que no podemos depender que la gente pase la "
+"información correctamente, incluso si tienen la mejor de las intenciones,\" "
+"comentó Piya. \"Necesitamos materiales donde puedas ponerlos en reproduccir "
+"y que funcionen.\""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8846
msgid ""
"Piya’s team was able to produce all of these versions over several years "
"with a head count that never exceeded eight full-time employees. The "
"organization is able to reduce costs by relying heavily on volunteers and in-"
"kind donations. Nevertheless, the nonprofit needed a sustainable revenue "
"model to subsidize content creation and physical distribution of the "
-"materials. Charging even a low price was simply not an option. “Educators "
+"materials. Charging even a low price was simply not an option. “Educators "
"from various nonprofits around the world were just creating their own "
"materials using whatever they could find for free online,” Shuman said. “The "
"only way to persuade them to use our highly effective model was to make it "
"completely free.”"
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7019
+"El equipo de Piya fue capaz de producir todas estas versiones a través de "
+"varios años con un número de personal que nunca excedió los ocho empleados "
+"de tiempo completo. La organización puede reducir sus costos al depender "
+"fuertemente en los voluntarios y las donaciones en especie. Sin embargo, la "
+"entidad no lucrativa necesitaba un modelo de ingresos sostenible para "
+"subvencionar la creación de contenido y la distribución física de los "
+"materiales. Cargar incluso un precio pequeñp simiplemente no era una opción. "
+"\"Los educadores de varias entidades no lucrativas alrededor del mundo "
+"estaban simplemente creadno sus propios materiales usando cualquier cosa que "
+"pudieran encontrar gratuita enlinea,\" comentó Shuman.\"La única manera de "
+"persuadirlos de usar nuestro modelo altamente efectivo era hacerlo "
+"completamente gratuito.\""
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8859
msgid ""
"Like many content creators offering their work for free, they settled on "
"advertising as a funding model. But they were extremely careful not to let "
"logo appear before and after the educational content. All of the content "
"remains branded as TeachAIDS."
msgstr ""
+"Como muchos creadores de contenido ofrecen su trabajo gratuitamente, ellos "
+"establecieron anuncios publicitarios como un modelo de financiamiento. Pero "
+"fueron extremadamente cuidadosos de no dejar que los anuncios publicitarios "
+"comprometieran su credibilidad o que socavaran la gran inversión que habían "
+"puesto en crear contenidos de calidad. Los patrocinadores del contenido no "
+"tenían habilidad de influír en la substancia del contenido, e incluso no "
+"podían crear contenido publicitario. Los patrocinadores solo obtenían el "
+"derecho de tener sus logotipos apareciendo antes y después del contenido "
+"educativo. Todo el contenido permanece con la marca de TeachAIDS."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7027
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8870
msgid ""
"TeachAIDS is careful not to seek funding to cover the costs of a specific "
"project. Instead, sponsorships are structured as unrestricted donations to "
"the nonprofit. This gives the nonprofit more stability, but even more "
"importantly, it enables them to subsidize projects being localized for an "
-"area with no sponsors. “If we just created versions based on where we could "
+"area with no sponsors. “If we just created versions based on where we could "
"get sponsorships, we would only have materials for wealthier countries,” "
"Shuman said."
msgstr ""
+"TeachAIDS es cuidadoso de no buscar financiamiento para cubrir los costos de "
+"un proyecto específico. En vez de eso, los patrocinios están estructurados "
+"como donaciones sin restricciones para la entidad no lucrativa. Esto le da "
+"más estabilidad, pero incluso más importante, les permite subvencionar "
+"proyectos que están siendo adaptados localmente para áreas que no tienen "
+"patrocinadores.\"Si únicamente creamos versiones basadas en donde podemos "
+"obtener patrocinios, solo tendríamos materiales para los países ricos,\" "
+"comentó Shuman."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7038
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8880
msgid ""
"As of 2016, TeachAIDS has dozens of sponsors. “When we go into a new "
"country, various companies hear about us and reach out to us,” Piya said. "
"content is not time-sensitive, so an investment in a sponsorship can benefit "
"a brand for many years to come."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7045
+"A partir del 2016, TeachAIDS ha tenido docenas de patrocinadores. \"Cuando "
+"vamos a un nuevo país, varias compañías escuchan de nosotros y se acercan,\" "
+"comentó Piya.\"No tenemos que hacer mucho para encontrarlos o atraerlos.\" "
+"Piensan que los patrocinios son fáciles de vender porque ofrecen mucho valor "
+"a los patrocinadores. Los patrocinios TeachAIDS dan a las corporaciones la "
+"oportunidad de alcanzar nuevos auditorios con su marca, pero a un costo "
+"mucho menor que otros canales de anuncios. La audiencia para el contenido de "
+"TeachAIDS también tiende a alejar a los jovenes, quienes son una parte "
+"demográfica deseable para las marcas. A diferencia de los anuncios "
+"tradicionales, el contenido es invariante al tiempo, por lo cual una "
+"inversión en un patrocinio puede beneficiar a la marca en muchos años por "
+"venir."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8893
msgid ""
"Importantly, the value to corporate sponsors goes beyond commercial "
"considerations. As a nonprofit with a clearly articulated social mission, "
"built publicity campaigns around the fact that they have sponsored these "
"initiatives."
msgstr ""
+"Importantemente, el valor para los patrocinadores corporativos va más allá "
+"de las consideraciones comerciales. Como una entidad no lucrativa con una "
+"misión social claramente articulada, los patrocinios corporativos son "
+"donaciones a la causa. \"Esto es algo de lo que las compañías pueden estar "
+"orgullosas internamente,\" comentó Shuman. Algunas compañías incluso han "
+"construido campañas publicitarias alrededor del hecho de que han patrocinado "
+"estas iniciativas."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7052
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8902
msgid ""
"The core mission of TeachAIDS—ensuring global access to life-saving education"
"—is at the root of everything the organization does. It underpins the work; "
"materials worldwide. “The Creative Commons license has been a game changer "
"for TeachAIDS,” Piya said."
msgstr ""
+"El núcleo de la misión de TeachAIDS—asegurar acceso global a educación que "
+"protege la vida—está en la raíz de todo lo que la organización realiza. Esto "
+"refuerza el trabajo; motiva a los fundadores. La licencia CC en los "
+"materiales que crean promueve esa misión, permitiendoles escalar con "
+"seguridad y rápidamente sus materiales a nivel mundial.\"La licencia "
+"Creative Commons ha sido como un punto de inflexión para TeachAIDS,\" "
+"comentó Piya."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7054
-msgid "## Tribe of Noise"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8912
+msgid "Tribe of Noise"
+msgstr "Tribe of Noise"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7058
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8915
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise is a for-profit online music platform serving the film, TV, "
"video, gaming, and in-store-media industries. Founded in 2008 in the "
"Netherlands."
msgstr ""
+"Tribe of Noise es una plataforma de música con fines de lucro que sirve a "
+"las industrias fílmica, de TV, video, juegos, y de medios en tienda. Fue "
+"fundada en 2008 en los Países Bajos (Holanda)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7060
-msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8920
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7064
-msgid "Interview date: January 26, 2016"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8925
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: January 26, 2016"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: January 26, 2016"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 26 de enero, 2016"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7066
-msgid "Interviewee: Hessel van Oorschot, cofounder"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8928
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interviewee: Hessel van Oorschot, cofounder"
+msgid ""
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewee</emphasis>: Hessel van Oorschot, "
+"cofounder"
+msgstr "Entrevistado: Hessel van Oorschot, cofundador"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7076
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8936
msgid ""
"In the early 2000s, Hessel van Oorschot was an entrepreneur running a "
"business where he coached other midsize entrepreneurs how to create an "
"online business. He also coauthored a number of workbooks for small- to "
-"medium-size enterprises to use to optimize their business for the Web. "
+"medium-size enterprises to use to optimize their business for the Web. "
"Through this early work, Hessel became familiar with the principles of open "
"licensing, including the use of open-source software and Creative Commons."
msgstr ""
+"A principios de los años 2000, Hessel van Oorschot era un empresario que "
+"dirigía un negocio donde asesoraba a otros empresarios de tamaño mediano "
+"acerca de cómo crear un negocio en línea. Fue también el coautor de diversos "
+"cuadernos de trabajo para que las pequeñas y medianas empresas utilizaran "
+"para optimizar sus negocios para la Web. Por medio de su trabajo temprano, "
+"Hessel se familiarizó con los principios del licenciamiento permisivo, "
+"incluyendo el uso de software de fuentes abiertas y Creative Commons."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7084
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8945
msgid ""
"In 2005, Hessel and Sandra Brandenburg launched a niche video-production "
"initiative. Almost immediately, they ran into issues around finding and "
"2005, the ability to directly license music from a rights holder was not "
"readily available."
msgstr ""
+"En 2005, Hessel y Sandra Brandenburg lanzaron una iniciativa de producción "
+"de videos para nicho. Casi inmediatamente, se toparon con problemas "
+"relacionados con encontrar y licenciar pistas de música. Todo lo que podían "
+"encontrar era la música fría y estándar de _stock._ Pensaron buscar sitios "
+"Web donde pudieran licenciar la música directamente de su creador sin tener "
+"que pasar a través de etiquetas o agentes. Pero en 2005, la posibilidad de "
+"licenciar música directamente del titular de sus derechos no era "
+"suficientemente fácil de encontrar."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7092
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8955
msgid ""
"They hired two lawyers to investigate further, and while they uncovered five "
"or six examples, Hessel found the business models lacking. The lawyers "
"after some more research, in early 2008, Hessel and Sandra decided to build "
"a platform."
msgstr ""
+"Contrataron a dos abogados para investigar a mayor profundidad, y si bien "
+"encontraron cinco o seis ejemplos, Hessel encontró que los modelos de "
+"negocio que éstos seguían eran insuficientes. Los abogados expresaron su "
+"interés en ser su equipo legal si decidían perseguir esto como una "
+"oportunidad de negocios. Hessel dice, ”cuando los abogados están interesados "
+"en una empresa de este tipo, puede ser que sea algo especial.” Entonces, "
+"después de hacer algo más de investigación, a principios de 2008 Hessel y "
+"Sandra se decidieron a construir una plataforma."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7098
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8965
msgid ""
"Building a platform posed a real chicken-and-egg problem. The platform had "
"to build an online community of music-rights holders and, at the same time, "
"works. Community willingness to try new music business models requires a "
"trust relationship."
msgstr ""
+"Construir una plataforma representó un problema real comparable con el del "
+"huevo y la gallina. La plataforma tenía que construir una comunidad en línea "
+"de titulares de derechos en el campo de la música y, al mismo tiempo, dar a "
+"la comunidad la información y las ideas acerca de cómo trabaja esta nueva "
+"economía. La disposición de la comunidad para probar nuevos modelos de "
+"negocio musicales requiere de una relación de confianza."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7105
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8972
msgid ""
"In July 2008, Tribe of Noise opened its virtual doors with a couple hundred "
"musicians willing to use the CC BY-SA license (Attribution-ShareAlike) for a "
-"limited part of their repertoire. The two entrepreneurs wanted to take the "
+"limited part of their repertoire. The two entrepreneurs wanted to take the "
"pain away for media makers who wanted to license music and solve the "
"problems the two had personally experienced finding this music."
msgstr ""
+"En julio de 2008, Tribe of Noise abrió sus puertas virtuales con un par de "
+"cientos de músicos dispuestos a utilizar la licencia CC BY-SA (Atribución-"
+"CompartirIgual) para una parte limitada de sus repertorios. Los dos "
+"empresarios querían liberar del dolor a los creadores de medios que quieren "
+"licenciar música, y resolver los problemas que ambos habían experimentado "
+"personalmente para encontrar dicha música."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8987
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.instoremusicservice.com\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7113
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8980
msgid ""
"As they were growing the community, Hessel got a phone call from a company "
"that made in-store music playlists asking if they had enough music licensed "
-"with Creative Commons that they could use. Stores need quality, good-"
+"with Creative Commons that they could use. Stores need quality, good-"
"listening music but not necessarily hits, a bit like a radio show without "
"the DJ. This opened a new opportunity for Tribe of Noise. They started their "
"In-store Music Service, using music (licensed with CC BY-SA) uploaded by the "
-"Tribe of Noise community of musicians.1"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7131
+"Tribe of Noise community of musicians.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id="
+"\"0\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"Al tiempo que su comunidad iba creciendo, Hessel recibió una llamada "
+"telefónica de una compañía que creaba listas de reproducción para su uso "
+"dentro de negocios, preguntando si tenían suficiente material con licencias "
+"tipo Creative Commons que pudieran utilizar. Los negocios requieren de "
+"música de calidad, de fácil escucha, aunque no necesariamente _hits_, un "
+"poco como un programa de radio sin DJ. Esto abrió una nueva oportunidad para "
+"Tribe of Noise. Iniciaron su servicio de música dentro del negocio, "
+"utilizando música (licenciada bajo CC BY-SA) subida por la comunidad de "
+"músicos de Tribe of Noise.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:8990
msgid ""
"In most countries, artists, authors, and musicians join a collecting society "
-"that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright "
+"that manages the licensing and helps collect the royalties. Copyright "
"collecting societies in the European Union usually hold monopolies in their "
"respective national markets. In addition, they require their members to "
-"transfer exclusive administration rights to them of all of their works. This "
-"complicates the picture for Tribe of Noise, who wants to represent artists, "
-"or at least a portion of their repertoire. Hessel and his legal team reached "
-"out to collecting societies, starting with those in the Netherlands. What "
-"would be the best legal way forward that would respect the wishes of "
-"composers and musicians who’d be interested in trying out new models like "
-"the In-store Music Service? Collecting societies at first were hesitant and "
-"said no, but Tribe of Noise persisted arguing that they primarily work with "
-"unknown artists and provide them exposure in parts of the world where they "
-"don’t get airtime normally and a source of revenue—and this convinced them "
-"that it was OK. However, Hessel says, “We are still fighting for a good "
-"cause every single day.”"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7142
+"transfer exclusive administration rights to them of all of their works. "
+"This complicates the picture for Tribe of Noise, who wants to represent "
+"artists, or at least a portion of their repertoire. Hessel and his legal "
+"team reached out to collecting societies, starting with those in the "
+"Netherlands. What would be the best legal way forward that would respect the "
+"wishes of composers and musicians who’d be interested in trying out new "
+"models like the In-store Music Service? Collecting societies at first were "
+"hesitant and said no, but Tribe of Noise persisted arguing that they "
+"primarily work with unknown artists and provide them exposure in parts of "
+"the world where they don’t get airtime normally and a source of revenue—and "
+"this convinced them that it was OK. However, Hessel says, “We are still "
+"fighting for a good cause every single day.”"
+msgstr ""
+"En la mayor parte de los países, los artistas, autores y músicos se unen a "
+"una sociedad recaudatoria que gestiona el licenciamiento y ayuda a cobrar "
+"las regalías. En la Unión Europea, las sociedades de recolección de "
+"copyright típicamente confoman monopolios en sus respectivos mercados "
+"nacionales. Además de lo anterior, requieren que sus miembros les "
+"transfieran derechos exclusivos de administración por todos sus trabajos. "
+"Esto complica el panorama para Tribe of Noise, que quiere representar a los "
+"artistas, o por lo menos a una porción de su repertorio. Hessel y su equipo "
+"legal se pusieron en contacto con estas sociedades recaudadoras, iniciando "
+"con las holandesas. ¿Cuál sería la mejor manera legal que respetara los "
+"deseos de los compositores y los músicos que estuvieran interesados en "
+"nuevos modelos, como el Servicio de Música Dentro del Negocio? Las "
+"sociedades recaudadoras en un principio se vieron reacias y se negaron a "
+"cooperar, pero Tribe of Noise persistió, argumentando que ellos trabajan de "
+"forma primaria con _artistas unicornio_ y les brindan exposición en partes "
+"del mundo donde no es fácil llegar en avión, y ha resultado una fuente de "
+"ingresos — Y esto los convenció de que estaba bien. Pero, dice Hessel, "
+"”Seguimos luchando por una buena causa todos los días.”"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9011
msgid ""
"Instead of building a large sales force, Tribe of Noise partnered with big "
"organizations who have lots of clients and can act as a kind of Tribe of "
"Noise reseller. The largest telecom network in the Netherlands, for example, "
"sells Tribe’s In-store Music Service subscriptions to their business "
-"clients, which include fashion retailers and fitness centers. They have a "
+"clients, which include fashion retailers and fitness centers. They have a "
"similar deal with the leading trade association representing hotels and "
"restaurants in the country. Hessel hopes to “copy and paste” this service "
"into other countries where collecting societies understand what you can do "
"with Creative Commons. Outside of the Netherlands, early adoptions have "
"happened in Scandinavia, Belgium, and the U.S."
msgstr ""
+"En vez de construir una fuerza de ventas más grande, Tribe of Noise se alió "
+"con las grandes organizaciones que tienen muchos clientes y pueden actuar "
+"como una especie de revendedores de Tribe of Noise. La red de comunicaciones "
+"más grande de los Países Bajos, por ejemplo, vende suscripciones al servicio "
+"de música en el negocio de Tribe a sus clientes empresariales, los cuales "
+"incluyen a los vendedores de artículos de moda y centros de entrenamiento "
+"físico. Tienen un trato similar con la principal asociación profesional que "
+"representa a hoteles y restaurantes en el país. Hessel espera ”copiar y "
+"pegar” este servicio hacia otros países en que las sociedades recaudadoras "
+"comprendan lo que puede hacerse con Creative Commons. Fuera de los países "
+"bajos, se han presentado adopciones tempranas en Escandinavia, Bélgica y los "
+"Estados Unidos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7149
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9024
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise doesn’t pay the musicians up front; they get paid when their "
"music ends up in Tribe of Noise’s in-store music channels. The musicians’ "
"share is 42.5 percent. It’s not uncommon in a traditional model for the "
"artist to get only 5 to 10 percent, so a share of over 40 percent is a "
-"significantly better deal. Here’s how they give an example on their website:"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7158
-msgid ""
-"A few of your songs \\[licensed with CC BY-SA\\], for example five in total, "
-"are selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large "
+"significantly better deal. Here’s how they give an example on their website:"
+msgstr ""
+"Tribe of Noise no le paga directamente a los músicos; les pagan cuando su "
+"música aparece en los canales de música en el negocio de Tribe of Noise. La "
+"cantidad de recursos que reciben los músicos es del 42.5%. No es fuera de lo "
+"común en el modelo tradicional que el artista reciba únicamente 5 a 10%, con "
+"lo que una participación del 40% es un negocio significativamente mejor. Así "
+"es como presentan el ejemplo en su sitio Web:"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9040
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://www.tribeofnoise.com/info_instoremusic.php\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9032
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "A few of your songs \\[licensed with CC BY-SA\\], for example five in "
+#| "total, are selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at "
+#| "a large retailer with 1,000 stores nationwide. In this case the overall "
+#| "playlist contains 350 songs so the musician’s share is 5/350 = 1.43%. "
+#| "The license fee agreed with this retailer is US\\$12 per month per play-"
+#| "out. So if 42.5% is shared with the Tribe musicians in this playlist and "
+#| "your share is 1.43%, you end up with US\\$12 \\* 1000 stores \\* 0.425 "
+#| "\\* 0.0143 = US\\$73 per month.2"
+msgid ""
+"A few of your songs [licensed with CC BY-SA], for example five in total, are "
+"selected for a bespoke in-store music channel broadcasting at a large "
"retailer with 1,000 stores nationwide. In this case the overall playlist "
-"contains 350 songs so the musician’s share is 5/350 = 1.43%. The license "
-"fee agreed with this retailer is US\\$12 per month per play-out. So if 42.5% "
-"is shared with the Tribe musicians in this playlist and your share is 1.43%, "
-"you end up with US\\$12 \\* 1000 stores \\* 0.425 \\* 0.0143 = US\\$73 per "
-"month.2"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7167
-msgid ""
-"Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In "
+"contains 350 songs so the musician’s share is 5/350 = 1.43%. The license fee "
+"agreed with this retailer is US$12 per month per play-out. So if 42.5% is "
+"shared with the Tribe musicians in this playlist and your share is 1.43%, "
+"you end up with US$12 * 1000 stores * 0.425 * 0.0143 = US$73 per month."
+"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"Algunas de sus canciones \\[licenciadas bajo CC BY-SA\\], cinco en total por "
+"poner un ejemplo, han sido seleccionadas para un canal de música en el "
+"negocio, que se transmite a un conglomerado con 1,000 tiendas en el país. En "
+"este caso, la lista de reproducción global contiene 350 canciones, con lo "
+"que la proporción del músico es 5/350 = 1.43%. El costo de licenciamiento "
+"acordado con el conglomerado es de US\\$12 por mes por reproducción. Así que "
+"si 42.5% de esto es compartido con los músicos de Tribe en esta lista, y su "
+"participación es de 1.43%, termina recibiendo US\\$12 \\* 1000 tiendas "
+"\\*0.425 \\* 0.142 = US\\$73 por mes.2"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9043
+msgid ""
+"Tribe of Noise has another model that does not involve Creative Commons. In "
"a survey with members, most said they liked the exposure using Creative "
"Commons gets them and the way it lets them reach out to others to share and "
"remix. However, they had a bit of a mental struggle with Creative Commons "
-"licenses being perpetual. A lot of musicians have the mind-set that one day "
+"licenses being perpetual. A lot of musicians have the mind-set that one day "
"one of their songs may become an overnight hit. If that happened the CC BY-"
"SA license would preclude them getting rich off the sale of that song."
msgstr ""
+"Tribe of Noise tiene otro modelo que no involucra a Creative Commons. En una "
+"encuesta a sus miembros, la mayor parte dijeron que les gusta la exposición "
+"que Creative Commons les da y la forma en que les permite llegar a otros "
+"para compartir y remezclar. Sin embargo, les ha costado aceptar el hecho de "
+"que las licencias Creative Commons sean perpetuas. Muchos músicos comparten "
+"la mentalidad de que, un día, una de sus canciones se volverá un _hit_ de la "
+"noche a la mañana. Si eso ocurriera, el licenciamiento CC BY-SA les "
+"impediría volverse ricos por las ventas de dicha canción."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7176
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9054
msgid ""
"Hessel’s legal team took this feedback and created a second model and "
"separate area of the platform called Tribe of Noise Pro. Songs uploaded to "
"Tribe of Noise platform within one to two months. This lets the musician "
"reuse their song for a better deal."
msgstr ""
+"El equipo legal de Hesse obtuvo esta retroalimentación y creó un segundo "
+"modelo, así como un área separada de la plataforma llamada Tribe of Noise "
+"Pro. Las canciones subidas a Tribe of Noise Pro no llevan licenciamiento "
+"Creative Commons; Tribe of Noise creó, en vez de esto, un contrato de "
+"”explotación no exclusiva”, similar a una licencia Creative Commons, pero "
+"que permite a los músicos abandonarlo cuando quieran. Cuando lo abandonan, "
+"Tribe of Noise retira su música de la plataforma de Tribe of Noise en el "
+"lapso de entre uno y dos meses. Esto permite al músico reutilizar su canción "
+"en un posible mejor acuerdo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7183
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9065
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise Pro is primarily geared toward media makers who are looking "
"for music. If they buy a license from this catalog, they don’t have to state "
"the name of the creator; they just license the song for a specific amount. "
-"This is a big plus for media makers. And musicians can pull their repertoire "
-"at any time. Hessel sees this as a more direct and clean deal."
+"This is a big plus for media makers. And musicians can pull their "
+"repertoire at any time. Hessel sees this as a more direct and clean deal."
msgstr ""
+"Tribe of Noise Pro está principalmente enfocado a los creadores de medios "
+"que buscan música. Si compran una licencia de éste catálogo, no hace falta "
+"que indiquen el nombre del creador; únicamente licencian la canción por un "
+"monto específico. Esto representa una buena ganancia para los creadores de "
+"medios. Y los músicos pueden retirar su repertorio en el momento que lo "
+"consideren mejor. Hessel opina que esto lleva a acuerdos más directos y "
+"limpios."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7188
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9073
msgid ""
"Lots of Tribe of Noise musicians upload songs to both Tribe of Noise Pro and "
"the community area of Tribe of Noises. There aren’t that many artists who "
"upload only to Tribe of Noise Pro, which has a smaller repertoire of music "
"than the community area."
msgstr ""
+"Muchos músicos de Tribe of Noise suben canciones tanto a Tribe of Noise Pro "
+"como al área comunitaria de Tribe of Noise. No hay muchos artistas que suban "
+"su contenido únicamente a Tribe of Noise Pro, el cual tiene un mucho menor "
+"repertorio musical que el área comunitaria."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7195
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9079
msgid ""
"Hessel sees the two as complementary. Both are needed for the model to work. "
"With a whole generation of musicians interested in the sharing economy, the "
"exposure, and generate money. And after that, musicians may become more "
"interested in exploring other models like Tribe of Noise Pro."
msgstr ""
+"Hessel considera que ambos son mutuamente complementarios. Ambos son "
+"necesarios para que el modelo funcione. Con toda una generación de músicos "
+"interesada en la economía de compartir, el área comunitaria de Tribe of "
+"Noise es donde pueden construir confianza, crear exposición, y generar "
+"dinero. Después de eso, los músicos pueden desarrollar mayor interés en "
+"explorar otros modelos como el de Tribe of Noise Pro."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7204
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9087
msgid ""
"Every musician who joins Tribe of Noise gets their own home page and free "
"unlimited Web space to upload as much of their own music as they like. Tribe "
"really like having people working for the platform who truly engage with "
"them."
msgstr ""
+"Cada músico que se une a Tribe of Noise recibe su propia página personal y "
+"un espacio Web ilimitado gratuito para subir toda la música de su creación "
+"que quieran. Tribe of Noise es también una red social; colegas músicos y "
+"profesionales pueden votar por, comentar en, y gustar de la música. Los "
+"administradores de comunidad interactúan con los miembros y les brindan "
+"soporte, y los supervisores musicales seleccionan y eligen de entre las "
+"canciones subidas, ya sea para reproducción en el negocio o para promoverlas "
+"a productores de medios. Los miembros realmente gustan de que haya gente en "
+"la plataforma que genuinamente se involucran con ellos."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7212
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9098
msgid ""
"Another way Tribe of Noise creates community and interest is with contests, "
"which are organized in partnership with Tribe of Noise clients. The client "
"engagement, contests help members learn how to work with clients: listening "
"to them, understanding what they want, and creating a song to meet that need."
msgstr ""
+"Otra manera en que Tribe of Noise crea comunidad e interés es con concursos, "
+"que se organizan en conjunto con los clientes de Tribe of Noise. El cliente "
+"especifica lo que quiera, y cualquier miembro puede proponer una canción. "
+"Los concursos típicamente incluyen premios, exposición y dinero. Además de "
+"impulsar al involucramiento de los miembros, los concursos ayudan a los "
+"miembros a aprender cómo es que se trabaja con los clientes: Escuchándolos, "
+"comprendiendo lo que quieren, y creando una canción que cubra dicha "
+"necesidad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7223
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9108
msgid ""
"Tribe of Noise now has twenty-seven thousand members from 192 countries, and "
-"many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came "
+"many are exploring do-it-yourself models for generating revenue. Some came "
"from music labels and publishers, having gone through the traditional way of "
"music licensing and now seeing if this new model makes sense for them. "
"Others are young musicians, who grew up with a DIY mentality and see little "
"licensing some of their songs under CC BY-SA and opting in others with "
"collecting societies like ASCAP or BMI."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7238
+"Tribe of Noise tiene ahora veintisiete mil miembros de 192 países, y muchos "
+"están explorando modelos tipo hágalo-usted-mismo para obtener mayores "
+"ingresos. Algunos provienen de los sellos y editores musicales, quienes, "
+"después de cruzar la forma tradicional de licenciamiento de la música, "
+"vieron el sentido que este modelo tiene para ellos. Otros son jóvenes "
+"músicos, que crecieron con una mentalidad de hágalo-usted-mismo y ven muy "
+"pocas razones para comprometerse con un tercero o entregar parte del "
+"control. Como sea, un pequeño pero creciente grupo de los miembros de Tribe "
+"están persiguiendo un modelo híbrido licenciando algunas de sus canciones "
+"bajo CC BY-SA y adoptando junto con otros a los contratos societales como "
+"ASCAP o BMI."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9120
msgid ""
"It’s not uncommon for performance-rights organizations, record labels, or "
"music publishers to sign contracts with musicians based on exclusivity. Such "
"represent. So far, Tribe of Noise has been able to make all this work "
"without litigation."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7247
+"No es poco común que organizaciones de derechos performáticos, sellos "
+"musicales, o editores musicales firmen sus contratos con los músicos "
+"demandando la exclusividad. Esos acuerdos no permiten a los músicos subir "
+"sus creaciones a Tribe of Noise. En los Estados Unidos, puede otorgarse a "
+"una asociación autoral la administración de únicamente un conjunto de "
+"piezas, pero en varios países de Europa, estas asociaciones prefieren "
+"representar el repertorio entero del artista (aunque la Comisión Europea "
+"está haciendo algunos cambios). Tribe of Noise trata con este asunto todo el "
+"tiempo y emite una advertencia al usuario cuando sube una canción. Si las "
+"asociaciones autorales están dispuestas a ser abiertas y flexibles, y hacer "
+"lo máximo por sus miembros, pueden considerar a organizaciones como Tribe of "
+"Noise como un lindo agregado, generando más exposición y ganancia para los "
+"músicos a quienes representan. Hasta ahora, Tribe of Noise ha podido operar "
+"sin tener que enfrentar batallas legales."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9137
msgid ""
"For Hessel the key to Tribe of Noise’s success is trust. The fact that "
"Creative Commons licenses work the same way all over the world and have been "
"Creative Commons makes it possible to create a new business model for music, "
"a model that’s based on trust."
msgstr ""
+"Para Hessel, la llave del éxito de Tribe of Noise es la confianza. El hecho "
+"de que las licencias Creative Commons funcionen de la misma manera en todo "
+"el mundo y que hayan sido traducidas a todos los lenguajes verdaderamente "
+"ayuda a construir dicha confianza. Tribe of Noise cree en crear un modelo "
+"donde puedan trabajar junto con músicos. Sólo pueden hacerlo cuando hay una "
+"comunidad viva y con energías, con gente que piensa que Tribe of Noise actúa "
+"con el mejor interés de todos los involucrados en mente. Creative Commons "
+"posibilita crear un nuevo modelo de negocios para la música, un modelo "
+"basado en la confianza."
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7252
-msgid "www.instoremusicservice.com"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Bullet: '2. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7252
-msgid "www.tribeofnoise.com/info\\_instoremusic.php"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7254
-msgid "## Wikimedia Foundation"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9149
+msgid "Wikimedia Foundation"
+msgstr "Wikimedia Foundation"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7257
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9152
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is the nonprofit organization that hosts Wikipedia "
"and its sister projects. Founded in 2003 in the U.S."
msgstr ""
+"La fundación Wikimedia es una organización sin ánimo de lucro que hospeda "
+"Wikipedia y sus proyectos hermanos. Fundada en 2003 en los E.U.A."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7259
-msgid "wikimediafoundation.org"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9157
+msgid "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>"
+msgstr "<ulink url=\"http://wikimediafoundation.org\"/>"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7261
-msgid "Revenue model: donations"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9159
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Revenue model</emphasis>: donations"
+msgstr "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Modelo de negocios</emphasis>: donaciones"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7263
-msgid "Interview date: December 18, 2015"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9161
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "Interview date: December 18, 2015"
+msgid "<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interview date</emphasis>: December 18, 2015"
+msgstr "Fecha de la entrevista: 18 de diciembre, 2015"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7266
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9164
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Interviewees: Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community Engagement, "
+#| "and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel"
msgid ""
-"Interviewees: Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community Engagement, and "
-"Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel"
+"<emphasis role=\"strong\">Interviewees</emphasis>: Luis Villa, former Chief "
+"Officer of Community Engagement, and Stephen LaPorte, legal counsel"
msgstr ""
+"Entrevistados: Luis Villa, ex Director de Compromiso Comunitario, y Stephen "
+"LaPorte, asesor legal"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7270
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9173
msgid "Nearly every person with an online presence knows Wikipedia."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Casi cualquier persona con una presencia enlinea conoce la Wikipedia."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7276
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9176
msgid ""
"In many ways, it is the preeminent open project: The online encyclopedia is "
"created entirely by volunteers. Anyone in the world can edit the articles. "
"content is released under a Creative Commons license that enables people to "
"reuse and adapt it for any purpose."
msgstr ""
+"De muchas maneras, es el proyecto abierto preeminente: La enciclopedia "
+"enlinea es creada enteramente por voluntarios. Cualquiera en el mundo puede "
+"editar los artículos. Todo el contenido esta disponible sin costo para todos "
+"enlinea. Todo el contenido es liberado bajo la licencia Creative Commons que "
+"permite a las personas reusarlo y adaptarlo para cualquier propósito."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7280
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9184
msgid ""
"As of December 2016, there were more than forty-two million articles in the "
"295 language editions of the online encyclopedia, according to—what else?—"
"the Wikipedia article about Wikipedia."
msgstr ""
+"En Diciembre del 2016, había más de cuarenta y dos millones de artículos en "
+"los 295 lenguajes de la enciclopedia enlinea, de acuerdo con —¿ quién más?— "
+"el artículo de la Wikipedia acerca de la Wikipedia."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7292
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9189
msgid ""
"The Wikimedia Foundation is a U.S.-based nonprofit organization that owns "
"the Wikipedia domain name and hosts the site, along with many other related "
"theme, user groups, and many thousands who are not connected to a particular "
"organization."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7297
+"La fundación Wikimedia es una organización sin ánimo de licro con base en E."
+"U.A que es dueña del nombre de dominio de la Wikipedia y alberga al sitio "
+"web, asi como a muchos otros sitios relacionados como Wikidata y Wikimedia "
+"Commons. La fundación emplea cerca de doscientos ochenta personas, quienes "
+"trabajan para apoyar al proyecto que albergan. Pero el verdadero corazón de "
+"la Wikipedia y sus proyectos hermanos es su comunindad. El número de "
+"personas en la comunindad es varaiable, pero cerca de setenta y cinco mil "
+"voluntarios editan y mejoran los artículos de la Wikipedia cada mes. Los "
+"voluntarios estan organizados en varias formas alrededor del mundo, "
+"incluyendo capítulos formales de Wikimedia (mayormente nacionales), grupos "
+"enfocados en un tema en partícular, grupos de usuarios, y varios miles que "
+"no estan conectados con alguna organización en partícular."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9203
msgid ""
"As Wikimedia legal counsel Stephen LaPorte told us, “There is a common "
"saying that Wikipedia works in practice but not in theory.” While it "
"undoubtedly has its challenges and flaws, Wikipedia and its sister projects "
"are a striking testament to the power of human collaboration."
msgstr ""
+"Como nos comentó Stephen LaPorte consejero legal de Wikimedia, «Hay un dicho "
+"común que dice que la Wikipedia trabaja en la práctica pero no en la "
+"teoría.» Aunque indudablemente tiene sus retos y fallas, Wikipedia y sus "
+"proyectos hermanos son un testamento impactante del poder de la colaboración "
+"humana."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7304
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9210
msgid ""
"Because of its extraordinary breadth and scope, it does feel a bit like a "
-"unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what "
+"unicorn. Indeed, there is nothing else like Wikipedia. Still, much of what "
"makes the projects successful—community, transparency, a strong mission, "
"trust—are consistent with what it takes to be successfully Made with "
"Creative Commons more generally. With Wikipedia, everything just happens at "
"an unprecedented scale."
msgstr ""
+"Debido a su extraordinario visión y alcance, se siente un poco como un "
+"unicornio. Ciertamente, no hay nada como la Wikipedia. Sin embargo, mucho de "
+"lo que hace a los proyectos exitosos—comunidad, transparencia, una misión "
+"sólida, confianza—son consistentes con lo que se necesita para ser "
+"exitosamente hecho con Creative Commons más generalmente. Con Wikipedia, "
+"simplemente todo ocurre a una escala sin precedentes."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7314
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9219
msgid ""
"The story of Wikipedia has been told many times. For our purposes, it is "
"enough to know the experiment started in 2001 at a small scale, inspired by "
"thousand new articles are created on Wikipedia, and nearly fifteen thousand "
"edits are made every hour."
msgstr ""
+"La historia de Wikipedia ha sido contada muchas veces. Para nuestros "
+"propósitos, es suficiente con saber que el experimento comenzó en 2001 en "
+"una escala pequeña, inspirado por la loca noción de que posiblemente un "
+"proyecto verdaderamente abierto, colaborativo podría crear algo "
+"significativo. En este punto, Wikipedia es tan ubicuo y tan arraigado en "
+"nuestras vidas digitales que el hecho de su existencia parece menos "
+"evidente. Pero fuera del software, Wikipedia es posiblemente el único y "
+"más impactante ejemplo de creación comunitaria. Cada dia, setecientos "
+"artículos nuevos son creados en Wikipedia, y casi quince mil ediciones son "
+"hechas cada hora."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7334
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9231
msgid ""
"The nature of the content the community creates is ideal for asynchronous "
"cocreation. “An encyclopedia is something where incremental community "
"improvement really works,” Luis Villa, former Chief Officer of Community "
"Engagement, told us. The rules and processes that govern cocreation on "
"Wikipedia and its sister projects are all community-driven and vary by "
-"language edition. There are entire books written on the intricacies of their "
-"systems, but generally speaking, there are very few exceptions to the rule "
-"that anyone can edit any article, even without an account on their system. "
-"The extensive peer-review process includes elaborate systems to resolve "
-"disputes, methods for managing particularly controversial subject areas, "
-"talk pages explaining decisions, and much, much more. The Wikimedia "
+"language edition. There are entire books written on the intricacies of "
+"their systems, but generally speaking, there are very few exceptions to the "
+"rule that anyone can edit any article, even without an account on their "
+"system. The extensive peer-review process includes elaborate systems to "
+"resolve disputes, methods for managing particularly controversial subject "
+"areas, talk pages explaining decisions, and much, much more. The Wikimedia "
"Foundation’s decision to leave governance of the projects to the community "
"is very deliberate. “We look at the things that the community can do well, "
-"and we want to let them do those things,” Stephen told us. Instead, the "
+"and we want to let them do those things,” Stephen told us. Instead, the "
"foundation focuses its time and resources on what the community cannot do as "
"effectively, like the software engineering that supports the technical "
"infrastructure of the sites. In 2015-16, about half of the foundation’s "
"budget went to direct support for the Wikimedia sites."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7347
+"La naturaleza del contenido que la comunidad crea es ideal para la creación "
+"conjunta. «Una enciclopedia es algo en donde las mejoras incrementales "
+"comunitarias ciertamente funcionan,» nos comentó Luis Villa, ex director de "
+"compromiso comunitarios. Las reglas y procesos que que rigen la creación "
+"conjunta en Wikipedia y sus procesos hermanos son todos dirigidos por la "
+"comunidad y varian por el lenguaje de edición. Hay libros enteros escritos "
+"de las complejidades de sus sistemas, pero hablando en general, hay pocas "
+"excepciones a la regla de que cualquiera puede editar cualquier artículo, "
+"incluso sin una cuenta en su sistema. El proceso extensivo de revisión por "
+"pares incluye elaborados sistemas para resolver disputas, métodos para "
+"manejar áreas de temas particularmente controversiales, páginas de discusión "
+"explicando decisiones, y mucho, mucho más. La decisión de la fundación "
+"Wikimedia de dejar la gobernanza de los proyectos a la comunidad es muy "
+"deliberado. “Observamos las cosas que la comunidad puede hacer bien, y "
+"queremos dejarlos hacer esas cosas” Stephen comentó. En vez de eso, la "
+"fundación enfoca su tiempo y recursos en lo que la comunidad no puede hacer "
+"tan efectivamente, como la ingeniería de software que soporta la "
+"infraestructura técnica de los sitios. En 2015-16, cerca de la mitad del "
+"presupuesto de la fundación se fue al soporte directo para los sitios de "
+"Wikimedia."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9254
msgid ""
"Some of that is directed at servers and general IT support, but the "
"foundation also invests a significant amount on architecture designed to "
-"help the site function as effectively as possible. “There is a constantly "
+"help the site function as effectively as possible. “There is a constantly "
"evolving system to keep the balance in place to avoid Wikipedia becoming the "
-"world’s biggest graffiti wall,” Luis said. Depending on how you measure it, "
+"world’s biggest graffiti wall,” Luis said. Depending on how you measure it, "
"somewhere between 90 to 98 percent of edits to Wikipedia are positive. Some "
"portion of that success is attributable to the tools Wikimedia has in place "
"to try to incentivize good actors. “The secret to having any healthy "
"get bored and go away. That is partially our model working, and partially "
"just human nature.” Most of the time, people want to do the right thing."
msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7358
+"Algo de eso se dirige a los servidores y al soporte IT general, pero la "
+"fundación también invierte una cantidad significativa en diseño de "
+"arquitectura para ayudar a la función del sitio tan efectivamente como sea "
+"posible. «Hay un a evolución continua del sistema para mantener el balande "
+"en su lugar para evitar que Wikipedia se convierta en el muro de graffiti "
+"más grande del mundo,» Luis comentó. Dependiendo de como lo midas, entre el "
+"90 y el 98 porciento de las ediciones en la Wikipedia son positivas. Una "
+"parte de ese exito es atribuible a las herramientas que Wikimedia tiene para "
+"tratar de incentivar a los buenos actores.«El secreto para tener cualquier "
+"comunidad saludable es traer de vuelta a la gente correcta,» Luis comentó. "
+"«Los vandalos tienden a aburrirse e irse. Eso es parcialmente nuestro modelo "
+"trabajando, y parcialmente solo naturaleza humana.» La mayor parte del "
+"tiempo, la gente quiere hacer lo correcto."
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9269
msgid ""
"Wikipedia not only relies on good behavior within its community and on its "
-"sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of "
+"sites, but also by everyone else once the content leaves Wikipedia. All of "
"the text of Wikipedia is available under an Attribution-ShareAlike license "
"(CC BY-SA), which means it can be used for any purpose and modified so long "
"as credit is given and anything new is shared back with the public under the "
"bigger and stronger. The desire to protect is not always what is best for "
"everyone.”"
msgstr ""
+"Wikipedia no solo se basa en el buen comportamiento dentro de su comunidad y "
+"en sus sitios, sino tambien en todos los demas una vez que el contenido deja "
+"Wikipedia. Todo el texto de Wikipedia esta disponible bajo una licencia "
+"Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA), lo que significa que puede ser usado para "
+"cualquier propósito y modificado en tanto los créditos sean dados y "
+"cualquier novedad sea compartido con el público bajo la misma licencia. En "
+"teoría, eso significa que cualquiera puede copiar el contenido y comenzar "
+"una nueva Wikipedia. Pero como explicó Stephen, «Ser abierto únicamente ha "
+"hecho a Wikipedia más grande y más fuerte. El deseo de proteger no es "
+"siempre lo mejor para todos.»"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7374
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9293
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-"
+"mistakes/\"/>"
+msgstr ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-"
+"mistakes/\"/>"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9281
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia "
+#| "is that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain "
+#| "what they do. Wikipedia is not simply a source of up-to-the-minute "
+#| "content on every given topic—it is also a global patchwork of humans "
+#| "working together in a million different ways, in a million different "
+#| "capacities, for a million different reasons. While many have tried to "
+#| "guess what makes Wikipedia work as well it does, the fact is there is no "
+#| "single explanation. “In a movement as large as ours, there is an "
+#| "incredible diversity of motivations,” Stephen said. For example, there is "
+#| "one editor of the English Wikipedia edition who has corrected a single "
+#| "grammatical error in articles more than forty-eight thousand times.1 Only "
+#| "a fraction of Wikipedia users are also editors. But editing is not the "
+#| "only way to contribute to Wikipedia. “Some donate text, some donate "
+#| "images, some donate financially,” Stephen told us. “They are all "
+#| "contributors.”"
msgid ""
"Of course, the primary reason no one has successfully co-opted Wikipedia is "
"that copycat efforts do not have the Wikipedia community to sustain what "
"“In a movement as large as ours, there is an incredible diversity of "
"motivations,” Stephen said. For example, there is one editor of the English "
"Wikipedia edition who has corrected a single grammatical error in articles "
-"more than forty-eight thousand times.1 Only a fraction of Wikipedia users "
-"are also editors. But editing is not the only way to contribute to "
-"Wikipedia. “Some donate text, some donate images, some donate financially,” "
-"Stephen told us. “They are all contributors.”"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7382
+"more than forty-eight thousand times.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/"
+"> Only a fraction of Wikipedia users are also editors. But editing is not "
+"the only way to contribute to Wikipedia. “Some donate text, some donate "
+"images, some donate financially,” Stephen told us. “They are all "
+"contributors.”"
+msgstr ""
+"Por supuesto, la principal razón por la que nadie ha cooptado exitosamente a "
+"Wikipedia es que los esfuerzos de los imitadores no tienen a la comunidad de "
+"la Wikipedia para sostener lo que ellos hace. Wikipedia no es simplemente "
+"una fuente de contenido reciente-al-minuto en cada topico dado—es también un "
+"entramado de humanos trabajando junto en un millon de formas diferentes, en "
+"un millon de capacidades diferentes, por un millon de razones diferentes. "
+"Mientras que muchos han intentado de adivinar que és lo que hace funcionar "
+"tan bien como lo hace, el hecho es que no hay una explicación única. «En un "
+"movimiento tan largo como el nuetro, hay una increible diversidad de "
+"motivaciones,» comentó Stephen. Por ejemplo, hay un editor de la edición de "
+"la Wikipedia en inglés quien ha corregido un único error gramaticál en los "
+"artículos más de cuarenta y ocho mil veces. 1 Solo una fracción de los "
+"usuarios de Wikipedia también son editores. Pero editar no es el único medio "
+"para contribuir a la Wikipedia. «Algunos donan textos, algunos donan "
+"imágenes, algunos donan financieramente,» nos comentó Stephen. «Todos son "
+"contribuyentes.»"
+
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9299
msgid ""
"But the vast majority of us who use Wikipedia are not contributors; we are "
"passive readers. The Wikimedia Foundation survives primarily on individual "
-"donations, with about \\$15 as the average. Because Wikipedia is one of the "
+"donations, with about $15 as the average. Because Wikipedia is one of the "
"ten most popular websites in terms of total page views, donations from a "
"small portion of that audience can translate into a lot of money. In the "
-"2015-16 fiscal year, they received more than \\$77 million from more than "
-"five million donors."
+"2015-16 fiscal year, they received more than $77 million from more than five "
+"million donors."
msgstr ""
+"Pero la gran mayoría de los que usamos la Wikipedia no somos contribuyentes; "
+"somos lectores pasivos. La fundación Wikimedia sobrevive principalmente de "
+"las donaciones individuales, con un promedio de $15. Porque la Wikipedia es "
+"uno de los diwz sitios web más populares en términos de total de páginas "
+"vistas, las donaciones de una pequeña porción de esa audiencia se pueden "
+"traducir en un montón de dinero. En el año fiscal 2015-16, recibieron más de "
+"$77 millones de más de cinco millones de donadores."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7391
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9309
msgid ""
"The foundation has a fund-raising team that works year-round to raise money, "
"but the bulk of their revenue comes in during the December campaign in "
"simple: We provide our readers and the world immense value, so give back. "
"Every little bit helps. With enough eyeballs, they are right."
msgstr ""
+"La fundación cuenta con un equipo de recaudación de fondos que trabaja todo "
+"el año para recaudar dinero, pero la mayor parte de sus ingresos se produce "
+"durante la campaña de diciembre en Australia, Canadá, Irlanda, Nueva "
+"Zelanda, Reino Unido y Estados Unidos. Ellos participan en las pruebas de "
+"usuario y la investigación para maximizar el alcance de sus campañas de "
+"recaudación de fondos. Su mensaje básico de recaudación de fondos es simple: "
+"Proporcionamos a nuestros lectores y el mundo un valor inmenso, así que "
+"retornen. Cada poco ayuda. Con las suficientes miradas, ellos estan bien."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7399
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9320
msgid ""
"The vision of the Wikimedia Foundation is a world in which every single "
-"human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to "
+"human being can freely share in the sum of all knowledge. They work to "
"realize this vision by empowering people around the globe to create "
"educational content made freely available under an open license or in the "
"public domain. Stephen and Luis said the mission, which is rooted in the "
"same philosophy behind Creative Commons, drives everything the foundation "
"does."
msgstr ""
+"La visión de la fundación Wikimedia es un mundo en el cual cada ser humano "
+"puede compartir libremente en la suma de todo el conocimiento. Trabajan para "
+"realizar esta visión al capacitar a la gente alrededor del mundo para crear "
+"contenido educativo hecho libremente disponible bajo una licencia abierta o "
+"en el dominio público. Stephen y Luis comentaron que la misión, la cual está "
+"enraizada en la misma filosofía detras de Creative Commons, dirige todo lo "
+"que hace la fundación."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7404
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9329
msgid ""
"The philosophy behind the endeavor also enables the foundation to be "
"financially sustainable. It instills trust in their readership, which is "
"critical for a revenue strategy that relies on reader donations. It also "
"instills trust in their community."
msgstr ""
+"La filosofía detrás de la empresa también permite a la fundación ser "
+"sostenible financieramente. Infunde confianza en sus lectores, lo cual es "
+"crítico por una estrategia de ingresos que se apoya en las donaciones de sus "
+"lectores. También infunde confianza en su comunidad."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7409
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9335
msgid ""
"Any given edit on Wikipedia could be motivated by nearly an infinite number "
"of reasons. But the social mission of the project is what binds the global "
"community together. “Wikipedia is an example of how a mission can motivate "
"an entire movement,” Stephen told us."
msgstr ""
+"Cualquier edición en la Wikipedia podría estar motivada por casi un número "
+"infinito de razones. Pero la misión social del proyecto es lo que ata a la "
+"comunidad global junta. «Wikipedia es un ejemplo de como una misión puede "
+"motivar un movimiento entero,» Stephen nos comentó."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7415
+#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9342
msgid ""
"Of course, what results from that movement is one of the Internet’s great "
"public resources. “The Internet has a lot of businesses and stores, but it "
"is missing the digital equivalent of parks and open public spaces,” Stephen "
"said. “Wikipedia has found a way to be that open public space.”"
msgstr ""
+"Por supuesto, el resultado de ese movimiento es uno de los grandes recursos "
+"públicos de Internet. «La Internet tiene un monton de negocios y tiendas, "
+"pero faltan los equivalentes digitales de parques y espacios abiertos "
+"públicos,» Stephen comentó. «Wikipedia encontró un medio de ser ese espacio "
+"público abierto.»"
-#. type: Bullet: '1. '
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7419
-msgid "gimletmedia.com/episode/14-the-art-of-making-and-fixing-mistakes/"
-msgstr ""
-
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7421
-msgid "## Bibliography"
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9351
+msgid "Bibliography"
+msgstr "Bibliografía"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7426
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9353
msgid ""
"Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
"Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
"from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013."
msgstr ""
+"Alperovitz, Gar. What Then Must We Do? Straight Talk about the Next American "
+"Revolution; Democratizing Wealth and Building a Community-Sustaining Economy "
+"from the Ground Up. White River Junction, VT: Chelsea Green, 2013."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7430
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9359
msgid ""
"Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
"Something for Nothing, reprint with new preface. New York: Hyperion, 2010."
msgstr ""
+"Anderson, Chris. Free: How Today’s Smartest Businesses Profit by Giving "
+"Something for Nothing, reimpresión con nuevo prefacio. New York: Hyperion, "
+"2010."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7432
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9364
msgid "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "———. Makers: The New Industrial Revolution. New York: Signal, 2012."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7435
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9367
msgid ""
"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
msgstr ""
+"Ariely, Dan. Predictably Irrational: The Hidden Forces That Shape Our "
+"Decisions. Rev. ed. New York: Harper Perennial, 2010."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7438
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9371
msgid ""
"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2nd ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
"2012."
msgstr ""
+"Bacon, Jono. The Art of Community. 2a. Ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly Media, "
+"2012."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7443
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9375
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms "
+#| "Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. www.benkler."
+#| "org/Benkler\\_Wealth\\_Of\\_Networks.pdf (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)."
msgid ""
"Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms "
-"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. www.benkler."
-"org/Benkler\\_Wealth\\_Of\\_Networks.pdf (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)."
+"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. <ulink url="
+"\"http://www.benkler.org/Benkler_Wealth_Of_Networks.pdf\"/> (licensed under "
+"CC BY-NC-SA)."
msgstr ""
+"Benkler, Yochai. The Wealth of Networks: How Social Production Transforms "
+"Markets and Freedom. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2006. www.benkler."
+"org/Benkler\\_Wealth\\_Of\\_Networks.pdf (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-SA)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7448
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9382
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open "
+#| "Economy. Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. www.slideshare.net/"
+#| "WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892 (licensed under CC BY-SA)."
msgid ""
"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. "
-"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. www.slideshare.net/WithoutModel/open-"
-"models-book-64463892 (licensed under CC BY-SA)."
+"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.slideshare.net/"
+"WithoutModel/open-models-book-64463892\"/> (licensed under CC BY-SA)."
msgstr ""
+"Benyayer, Louis-David, ed. Open Models: Business Models of the Open Economy. "
+"Cachan, France: Without Model, 2016. www.slideshare.net/WithoutModel/open-"
+"models-book-64463892 (licenciado bajo CC BY-SA)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7453
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9388
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper "
+#| "commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy "
+#| "Collaborative, 2016. thenextsystem.org/commoning-as-a-transformative-"
+#| "social-paradigm/."
msgid ""
"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper "
"commissioned by the Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy "
+"Collaborative, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://thenextsystem.org/commoning-as-a-"
+"transformative-social-paradigm/\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"Bollier, David. Commoning as a Transformative Social Paradigm. Paper "
+"comisionado por el Next Systems Project. Washington, DC: Democracy "
"Collaborative, 2016. thenextsystem.org/commoning-as-a-transformative-social-"
"paradigm/."
-msgstr ""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7456
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9394
msgid ""
"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. "
"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
+"———. Think Like a Commoner: A Short Introduction to the Life of the Commons. "
+"Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7464
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9398
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the "
+#| "Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-"
+#| "Based Alternatives. A report on a Commons Strategies Group Workshop in "
+#| "cooperation with the Heinrich Böll Foundation, Berlin, Germany, 2015. "
+#| "bollier.org/democratic-money-and-capital-commons-report-pdf. For more "
+#| "information, see bollier.org/blog/democratic-money-and-capital-commons."
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the "
"Commons: Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-"
"Based Alternatives. A report on a Commons Strategies Group Workshop in "
"cooperation with the Heinrich Böll Foundation, Berlin, Germany, 2015. "
-"bollier.org/democratic-money-and-capital-commons-report-pdf. For more "
-"information, see bollier.org/blog/democratic-money-and-capital-commons."
+"<ulink url=\"http://bollier.org/democratic-money-and-capital-commons-report-"
+"pdf\"/>. For more information, see <ulink url=\"http://bollier.org/blog/"
+"democratic-money-and-capital-commons\"/>."
msgstr ""
+"Bollier, David, y Pat Conaty. Democratic Money and Capital for the Commons: "
+"Strategies for Transforming Neoliberal Finance through Commons-Based "
+"Alternatives. A report on a Commons Strategies Group Workshop in cooperation "
+"with the Heinrich Böll Foundation, Berlin, Germany, 2015. bollier.org/"
+"democratic-money-and-capital-commons-report-pdf. Para más información, vere "
+"bollier.org/blog/democratic-money-and-capital-commons."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7467
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9408
msgid ""
"Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World "
"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
+"Bollier, David, and Silke Helfrich, eds. The Wealth of the Commons: A World "
+"Beyond Market and State. Amherst, MA: Levellers Press, 2012."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7470
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9412
msgid ""
"Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
msgstr ""
+"Botsman, Rachel, and Roo Rogers. What’s Mine Is Yours: The Rise of "
+"Collaborative Consumption. New York: Harper Business, 2010."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7473
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9416
msgid ""
-"Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New "
+"Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New "
"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
+"Boyle, James. The Public Domain: Enclosing the Commons of the Mind. New "
+"Haven: Yale University Press, 2008."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7475
-msgid "www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)."
-msgstr ""
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9419
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid "www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ (licensed under CC BY-NC-SA)."
+msgid ""
+"<ulink url=\"http://www.thepublicdomain.org/download/\"/> (licensed under CC "
+"BY-NC-SA)."
+msgstr "www.thepublicdomain.org/download/ (licenciado bajo CC BY-NC-SA)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7479
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9423
msgid ""
"Capra, Fritjof, and Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015."
msgstr ""
+"Capra, Fritjof, y Ugo Mattei. The Ecology of Law: Toward a Legal System in "
+"Tune with Nature and Community. Oakland, CA: Berrett-Koehler, 2015."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7482
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9428
msgid ""
"Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation "
"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
+"Chesbrough, Henry. Open Business Models: How to Thrive in the New Innovation "
+"Landscape. Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2006."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7485
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9432
msgid ""
"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from "
"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006."
msgstr ""
+"———. Open Innovation: The New Imperative for Creating and Profiting from "
+"Technology. Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2006."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7491
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9436
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the "
+#| "City for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov "
+#| "(LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons). Bologna, Italy: City of "
+#| "Bologna, 2014). www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-"
+#| "Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-"
+#| "and-regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf."
msgid ""
"City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated by LabGov "
"(LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons). Bologna, Italy: City of Bologna, "
-"2014). www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-on-"
-"collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-of-"
-"urban-commons1.pdf."
+"2014). <ulink url=\"http://www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-"
+"Regulation-on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-"
+"regeneration-of-urban-commons1.pdf\"/>."
msgstr ""
+"City of Bologna. Regulation on Collaboration between Citizens and the City "
+"for the Care and Regeneration of Urban Commons. Translated por LabGov "
+"(LABoratory for the GOVernance of Commons). Bologna, Italia: Ciudad de "
+"Boloña, 2014). www.labgov.it/wp-content/uploads/sites/9/Bologna-Regulation-"
+"on-collaboration-between-citizens-and-the-city-for-the-cure-and-regeneration-"
+"of-urban-commons1.pdf."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7495
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9443
msgid ""
"Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural "
"Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and "
"Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons."
msgstr ""
+"Cole, Daniel H. “Learning from Lin: Lessons and Cautions from the Natural "
+"Commons for the Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 2 in Frischmann, Madison, and "
+"Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7498
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9448
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative "
+#| "Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/."
msgid ""
"Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative "
-"Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/."
+"Commons, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/\"/>."
msgstr ""
+"Creative Commons. 2015 State of the Commons. Mountain View, CA: Creative "
+"Commons, 2015. stateof.creativecommons.org/2015/."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7501
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9453
msgid ""
"Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014."
msgstr ""
+"Doctorow, Cory. Information Doesn’t Want to Be Free: Laws for the Internet "
+"Age. San Francisco: McSweeney’s, 2014."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7505
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9457
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about "
+#| "Sharing at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. hbr."
+#| "org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all."
msgid ""
"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing "
-"at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. hbr.org/2015/01/the-"
-"sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all."
+"at All.” Harvard Business Review, January 28, 2015. <ulink url=\"http://hbr."
+"org/2015/01/the-sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all\"/>."
msgstr ""
+"Eckhardt, Giana, and Fleura Bardhi. “The Sharing Economy Isn’t about Sharing "
+"at All.” Harvard Business Review, Enero 28, 2015. hbr.org/2015/01/the-"
+"sharing-economy-isnt-about-sharing-at-all."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7510
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9462
msgid ""
"Elliott, Patricia W., and Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: "
-"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University "
+"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University "
"of Regina Press, 2015. uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-Knowledge (licensed "
"under CC BY-NC-ND)."
msgstr ""
+"Elliott, Patricia W., y Daryl H. Hepting, eds. (2015). Free Knowledge: "
+"Confronting the Commodification of Human Discovery. Regina, SK: University "
+"of Regina Press, 2015. uofrpress.ca/publications/Free-Knowledge (licensed "
+"under CC BY-NC-ND)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7513
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9469
msgid ""
"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. "
"New York: Portfolio, 2014."
msgstr ""
+"Eyal, Nir. Hooked: How to Build Habit-Forming Products. With Ryan Hoover. "
+"New York: Portfolio, 2014."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7516
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9473
msgid ""
"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a Post-"
"Carbon Economy.” Chap. 11 in Elliott and Hepting, Free Knowledge."
msgstr ""
+"Farley, Joshua, and Ida Kubiszewski. “The Economics of Information in a Post-"
+"Carbon Economy.” Cap. 11 en Elliott y Hepting, Free Knowledge."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7520
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9478
+#, fuzzy
+#| msgid ""
+#| "Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten "
+#| "Nonprofit Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring "
+#| "2009. ssir.org/articles/entry/ten\\_nonprofit\\_funding\\_models."
msgid ""
"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, and Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit "
+"Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009. <ulink url="
+"\"http://ssir.org/articles/entry/ten_nonprofit_funding_models\"/>."
+msgstr ""
+"Foster, William Landes, Peter Kim, y Barbara Christiansen. “Ten Nonprofit "
"Funding Models.” Stanford Social Innovation Review, Spring 2009. ssir.org/"
"articles/entry/ten\\_nonprofit\\_funding\\_models."
-msgstr ""
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7523
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9484
msgid ""
"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. "
"New York: Oxford University Press, 2012."
msgstr ""
+"Frischmann, Brett M. Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources. "
+"Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2012."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7527
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9488
msgid ""
-"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. "
+"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. "
"Governing Knowledge Commons. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014."
msgstr ""
+"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, y Katherine J. Strandburg, eds. "
+"Governing Knowledge Commons. Nueva York: Oxford University Press, 2014."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7531
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9493
msgid ""
-"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. "
+"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, and Katherine J. Strandburg. "
"“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Chap. 1 in Frischmann, Madison, and "
"Strandburg, Governing Knowledge Commons."
msgstr ""
+"Frischmann, Brett M., Michael J. Madison, y Katherine J. Strandburg. "
+"“Governing Knowledge Commons.” Cap. 1 en Frischmann, Madison, y Strandburg, "
+"Governing Knowledge Commons."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7534
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9498
msgid ""
-"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with "
+"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reprint with "
"new epilogue. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
msgstr ""
+"Gansky, Lisa. The Mesh: Why the Future of Business Is Sharing. Reimpresión "
+"con nuevo epílogo. New York: Portfolio, 2012."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7537
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9502
msgid ""
-"Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New York: "
-"Viking, 2013."
+"Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. New "
+"York: Viking, 2013."
msgstr ""
+"Grant, Adam. Give and Take: Why Helping Others Drives Our Success. Nueva "
+"York: Viking, 2013."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7540
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9506
msgid ""
"Haiven, Max. Crises of Imagination, Crises of Power: Capitalism, Creativity "
"and the Commons. New York: Zed Books, 2014."
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"Harris, Malcom, ed. Share or Die: Voices of the Get Lost Generation in the "
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"Hermida, Alfred. Tell Everyone: Why We Share and Why It Matters. Toronto: "
"Doubleday Canada, 2014."
msgstr ""
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-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7550
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"Hyde, Lewis. Common as Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership. New York: "
"Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2010."
msgstr ""
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+"Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2010."
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"———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2nd Vintage "
"Books edition. New York: Vintage Books, 2007."
msgstr ""
+"———. The Gift: Creativity and the Artist in the Modern World. 2a ed. Vintage "
+"Books. Nueva York: Vintage Books, 2007."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7556
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"Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
"within Us All. New York: Crown, 2013."
msgstr ""
+"Kelley, Tom, and David Kelley. Creative Confidence: Unleashing the Potential "
+"within Us All. Nueva York: Crown, 2013."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7559
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
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"Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:"
msgstr ""
+"Kelly, Marjorie. Owning Our Future: The Emerging Ownership Revolution; "
+"Journeys to a Generative Economy. San Francisco:"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7561
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
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msgid "Berrett-Koehler, 2012."
-msgstr ""
+msgstr "Berrett-Koehler, 2012."
-#. type: Plain text
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"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
"Discovered. New York: Workman, 2014."
msgstr ""
+"Kleon, Austin. Show Your Work: 10 Ways to Share Your Creativity and Get "
+"Discovered. Nueva York: Workman, 2014."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7567
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
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"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. "
"New York: Workman, 2012."
msgstr ""
+"———. Steal Like an Artist: 10 Things Nobody Told You about Being Creative. "
+"Nueva York: Workman, 2012."
-#. type: Plain text
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-"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New "
+"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. New "
"York: Morgan James, 2016."
msgstr ""
+"Kramer, Bryan. Shareology: How Sharing Is Powering the Human Economy. Nueva "
+"York: Morgan James, 2016."
-#. type: Plain text
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+#| "Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the "
+#| "Internet.” BBC News, March 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680"
msgid ""
"Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” "
-"BBC News, March 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680"
+"BBC News, March 3, 2016. <ulink url=\"http://www.bbc.com/news/"
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+"Lee, David. “Inside Medium: An Attempt to Bring Civility to the Internet.” "
+"BBC News, Marzo 3, 2016. www.bbc.com/news/technology-35709680"
-#. type: Plain text
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"Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid "
"Economy. New York: Penguin Press, 2008."
msgstr ""
+"Lessig, Lawrence. Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid "
+"Economy. Nueva York: Penguin Press, 2008."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7579
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msgid ""
"Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and "
"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
msgstr ""
+"Menzies, Heather. Reclaiming the Commons for the Common Good: A Memoir and "
+"Manifesto. Gabriola Island, BC: New Society, 2014."
-#. type: Plain text
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msgid ""
"Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. New York: Farrar, Straus "
"and Giroux, 2015."
msgstr ""
+"Mason, Paul. Postcapitalism: A Guide to Our Future. Nueva York: Farrar, "
+"Straus y Giroux, 2015."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7586
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+#| msgid ""
+#| "New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
+#| "People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, "
+#| "2011. www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf."
msgid ""
"New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
-"People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. "
-"www.iab.net/media/file/POSWhitePaper.pdf."
+"People Share Online? New York: New York Times Customer Insight Group, 2011. "
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+"New York Times Customer Insight Group. The Psychology of Sharing: Why Do "
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+#| "Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, "
+#| "NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2010. A preview of the book is available at "
+#| "strategyzer.com/books/business-model-generation."
msgid ""
-"Osterwalder, Alex, and Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, NJ: "
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msgstr ""
+"Osterwalder, Alex, e Yves Pigneur. Business Model Generation. Hoboken, NJ: "
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+#| "Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value "
+#| "Proposition Design. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley and Sons, 2014. A preview of "
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msgid ""
-"Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, and Adam Smith. Value "
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+"Osterwalder, Alex, Yves Pigneur, Greg Bernarda, y Adam Smith. Value "
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-#. type: Plain text
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msgid ""
"Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
"People Help. New York: Grand Central, 2014."
msgstr ""
+"Palmer, Amanda. The Art of Asking: Or How I Learned to Stop Worrying and Let "
+"People Help. Nueva York: Grand Central, 2014."
-#. type: Plain text
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+#| "Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make "
+#| "Available Their Highest Quality Material without Restrictions, and What "
+#| "Are the Results? The Hague, Netherlands: Europeana Foundation, 2014. pro."
+#| "europeana.eu/publication/democratising-the-rijksmuseum (licensed under CC "
+#| "BY-SA)."
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"Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make "
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+"the Results? The Hague, Netherlands: Europeana Foundation, 2014. <ulink url="
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+"Pekel, Joris. Democratising the Rijksmuseum: Why Did the Rijksmuseum Make "
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+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9597
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+#| msgid ""
+#| "Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, "
+#| "Australia: Commons Transition Coalition, 2016. www.academia.edu/27143172/"
+#| "The\\_City\\_as\\_Commons\\_a\\_Policy\\_Reader (licensed under CC BY-NC-"
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+"Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, "
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"Ramos, José Maria, ed. The City as Commons: A Policy Reader. Melbourne, "
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-#. type: Plain text
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+#| msgid ""
+#| "Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open "
+#| "Source by an Accidental Revolutionary. Rev. ed. Sebastopol, CA: O’Reilly "
+#| "Media, 2001. See esp. “The Magic Cauldron.” www.catb.org/esr/writings/"
+#| "cathedral-bazaar/."
msgid ""
"Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open "
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+"Raymond, Eric S. The Cathedral and the Bazaar: Musings on Linux and Open "
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-msgstr ""
-#. type: Plain text
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"Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous "
"Innovation to Create Radically Successful Businesses. New York: Crown "
"Business, 2011."
msgstr ""
+"Ries, Eric. The Lean Startup: How Today’s Entrepreneurs Use Continuous "
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+"Business, 2011."
-#. type: Plain text
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"Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
-"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave "
+"Collaborative Commons, and the Eclipse of Capitalism. New York: Palgrave "
"Macmillan, 2014."
msgstr ""
+"Rifkin, Jeremy. The Zero Marginal Cost Society: The Internet of Things, the "
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+"Macmillan, 2014."
-#. type: Plain text
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msgid ""
"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013."
msgstr ""
+"Rowe, Jonathan. Our Common Wealth. San Francisco: Berrett-Koehler, 2013."
-#. type: Plain text
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msgid ""
"Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the "
"Enemy of Prosperity. New York: Portfolio, 2016."
msgstr ""
+"Rushkoff, Douglas. Throwing Rocks at the Google Bus: How Growth Became the "
+"Enemy of Prosperity. Nueva York: Portfolio, 2016."
-#. type: Plain text
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msgid ""
-"Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New "
+"Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. New "
"York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 2012."
msgstr ""
+"Sandel, Michael J. What Money Can’t Buy: The Moral Limits of Markets. Nueva "
+"York: Farrar, Straus y Giroux, 2012."
-#. type: Plain text
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msgid ""
"Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
"Collaborators. London, England: Penguin Books, 2010."
msgstr ""
+"Shirky, Clay. Cognitive Surplus: How Technology Makes Consumers into "
+"Collaborators. Londres, Inglaterra: Penguin Books, 2010."
-#. type: Plain text
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msgid ""
"Slee, Tom. What’s Yours Is Mine: Against the Sharing Economy. New York: OR "
"Books, 2015."
msgstr ""
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-#. type: Plain text
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msgid ""
"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. "
"New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015."
msgstr ""
+"Stephany, Alex. The Business of Sharing: Making in the New Sharing Economy. "
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msgid ""
"Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. New York: "
"Ikigai Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
+"Stepper, John. Working Out Loud: For a Better Career and Life. Nueva York: "
+"Ikigai Press, 2015."
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msgid ""
"Sull, Donald, and Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a "
"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015."
msgstr ""
+"Sull, Donald, y Kathleen M. Eisenhardt. Simple Rules: How to Thrive in a "
+"Complex World. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2015."
-#. type: Plain text
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msgid ""
"Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise "
"of Crowd-Based Capitalism. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2016."
msgstr ""
+"Sundararajan, Arun. The Sharing Economy: The End of Employment and the Rise "
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-#. type: Plain text
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+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9655
msgid "Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. New York: Anchor Books, 2005."
msgstr ""
+"Surowiecki, James. The Wisdom of Crowds. Nueva York: Anchor Books, 2005."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7653
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9659
msgid ""
"Tapscott, Don, and Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology "
-"Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: "
+"Behind Bitcoin Is Changing Money, Business, and the World. Toronto: "
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msgstr ""
+"Tapscott, Don, y Alex Tapscott. Blockchain Revolution: How the Technology "
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-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7656
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msgid ""
"Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark "
"Reiter. New York: Simon and Schuster, 2006."
msgstr ""
+"Tharp, Twyla. The Creative Habit: Learn It and Use It for Life. With Mark "
+"Reiter. Nueva York: Simon y Schuster, 2006."
-#. type: Plain text
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"Tkacz, Nathaniel. Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness. Chicago: "
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-#. type: Plain text
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-"Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open "
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+#| "Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, and Peter Troxler, eds. Open "
+#| "Design Now: Why Design Cannot Remain Exclusive. Amsterdam: BIS "
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+"Van Abel, Bass, Lucas Evers, Roel Klaassen, y Peter Troxler, eds. Open "
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msgid ""
"Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society "
-"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. society30.com/"
-"get-the-book/ (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)."
+"3.0. Utrecht, the Netherlands: Society 3.0 Foundation, 2014. <ulink url="
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+"Van den Hoff, Ronald. Mastering the Global Transition on Our Way to Society "
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-#. type: Plain text
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+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9686
msgid ""
-"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. web."
-"mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm (licensed under CC BY-NC-ND)."
+"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink "
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+"NC-ND)."
msgstr ""
+"Von Hippel, Eric. Democratizing Innovation. London: MIT Press, 2005. <ulink "
+"url=\"http://web.mit.edu/evhippel/www/democ1.htm\"/> (licenciado bajo CC BY-"
+"NC-ND)."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7675
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9691
msgid ""
"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. "
"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
msgstr ""
+"Whitehurst, Jim. The Open Organization: Igniting Passion and Performance. "
+"Boston: Harvard Business Review Press, 2015."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7677
-msgid "## Acknowledgments"
-msgstr "## Agradecimientos"
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><title>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9696
+msgid "Acknowledgments"
+msgstr "Agradecimientos"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7683
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9698
msgid ""
"We extend special thanks to Creative Commons CEO Ryan Merkley, the Creative "
"Commons Board, and all of our Creative Commons colleagues for "
"especial a la Fundación William and Flora Hewlett por el financiamiento "
"inicial que nos permitió empezar este proyecto."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7687
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9705
msgid ""
"Huge appreciation to all the Made with Creative Commons interviewees for "
-"sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for "
+"sharing their stories with us. You make the commons come alive. Thanks for "
"the inspiration."
msgstr ""
"Apreciamos enormemente a todos los entrevistados del libro Hecho con "
"Creative Commons por compartir sus historias con nosotros. Ustedes hacen que "
"los comunes tengan vida. Gracias por la inspiración."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7693
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9710
msgid ""
"We interviewed more than the twenty-four organizations profiled in this "
"book. We extend special thanks to Gooru, OERu, Sage Bionetworks, and Medium "
"animamos a nuestros lectores a que visiten sus sitios web y exploren su "
"trabajo."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7698
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9718
msgid ""
"This book was made possible by the generous support of 1,687 Kickstarter "
"backers listed below. We especially acknowledge our many Kickstarter co-"
"borradores de este trabajo y nos ofrecieron una retroalimentación "
"invaluable. Gracias de todo corazón a todos ustedes."
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:7745
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9724
msgid ""
"Co-editor Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): Abraham "
"Taherivand, Alan Graham, Alfredo Louro, Anatoly Volynets, Aurora Thornton, "
"Wayne Mackintosh, William Peter Nash, Winie Evers, Wolfgang Renninger, "
"Xavier Antoviaque, Yancey Strickler"
-#. type: Plain text
-#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.md:8098
-#, fuzzy
+#. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para>
+#: MadewithCreativeCommonsmostup-to-dateversion.xml:9775
msgid ""
-"All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron "
+"All other Kickstarter backers (alphabetically by first name): A. Lee, Aaron "
"C. Rathbun, Aaron Stubbs, Aaron Suggs, Abdul Razak Manaf, Abraham "
"Taherivand, Adam Croom, Adam Finer, Adam Hansen, Adam Morris, Adam Procter, "
"Adam Quirk, Adam Rory Porter, Adam Simmons, Adam Tinworth, Adam Zimmerman, "
"Alexander Brunner, Alexander Eliesen, Alexander Hawson, Alexander Klar, "
"Alexander Neumann, Alexander Plaum, Alexander Wendland, Alexandre "
"Rafalovitch, Alexey Volkow, Alexi Wheeler, Alexis Sevault, Alfredo Louro, "
-"Ali Sternburg, Alicia Gibb & Lunchbox Electronics, Alison Link, Alison "
+"Ali Sternburg, Alicia Gibb & Lunchbox Electronics, Alison Link, Alison "
"Pentecost, Alistair Boettiger, Alistair Walder, Alix Bernier, Allan "
"Callaghan, Allen Riddell, Allison Breland Crotwell, Allison Jane Smith, "
"Álvaro Justen, Amanda Palmer, Amanda Wetherhold, Amit Bagree, Amit Tikare, "
"Woods, Angela Brett, Angeliki Kapoglou, Angus Keenan, Anne-Marie Scott, "
"Antero Garcia, Antoine Authier, Antoine Michard, Anton Kurkin, Anton "
"Porsche, Antònia Folguera, António Ornelas, Antonis Triantafyllakis, aois21 "
-"publishing, April Johnson, Aria F. Chernik, Ariane Allan, Ariel Katz, "
+"publishing, April Johnson, Aria F. Chernik, Ariane Allan, Ariel Katz, "
"Arithmomaniac, Arnaud Tessier, Arnim Sommer, Ashima Bawa, Ashley Elsdon, "
"Athanassios Diacakis, Aurora Thornton, Aurore Chavet Henry, Austin "
"Hartzheim, Austin Tolentino, Avner Shanan, Axel Pettersson, Axel "
"Carolyn Rude, Carrie Cousins, Carrie Watkins, Casey Hunt, Casey Milford, "
"Casey Powell Shorthouse, Cat Cooper, Cecilie Maria, Cedric Howe, Cefn Hoile, "
"@ShrimpingIt, Celia Muller, Ces Keller, Chad Anderson, Charles Butler, "
-"Charles Carstensen, Charles Chi Thoi Le, Charles Kobbe, Charles S. Tritt, "
+"Charles Carstensen, Charles Chi Thoi Le, Charles Kobbe, Charles S. Tritt, "
"Charles Stanhope, Charlotte Ong-Wisener, Chealsye Bowley, Chelle Destefano, "
"Chenpang Chou, Cheryl Corte, Cheryl Todd, Chip Dickerson, Chip McIntosh, "
"Chris Bannister, Chris Betcher, Chris Coleman, Chris Conway, Chris Foote "
"Eriksson, David Gallagher, David H. Bronke, David Hartley, David Hellam, "
"David Hood, David Hunter, David jlaietta, David Lewis, David Mason, David "
"Mcconville, David Mikula, David Nelson, David Orban, David Parry, David "
-"Spira, David T. Kindler, David Varnes, David Wiley, David Wormley, Deborah "
+"Spira, David T. Kindler, David Varnes, David Wiley, David Wormley, Deborah "
"Nas, Denis Jean, dennis straub, Dennis Whittle, Denver Gingerich, Derek "
"Slater, Devon Cooke, Diana Pasek-Atkinson, Diane Johnston Graves, Diane K. "
"Kovacs, Diane Trout, Diderik van Wingerden, Diego Cuevas, Diego De La Cruz, "
"Kiefer, Dirk Loop, DJ Fusion - FuseBox Radio Broadcast, Dom jurkewitz, Dom "
"Lane, Domi Enders, Domingo Gallardo, Dominic de Haas, Dominique Karadjian, "
"Dongpo Deng, Donnovan Knight, Door de Flines, Doug Fitzpatrick, Doug Hoover, "
-"Douglas Craver, Douglas Van Camp, Douglas Van Houweling, Dr. Braddlee, Drew "
+"Douglas Craver, Douglas Van Camp, Douglas Van Houweling, Dr. Braddlee, Drew "
"Spencer, Duncan Sample, Durand D’souza, Dylan Field, E C Humphries, Eamon "
"Caddigan, Earleen Smith, Eden Sarid, Eden Spodek, Eduardo Belinchon, Eduardo "
"Castro, Edwin Vandam, Einar Joergensen, Ejnar Brendsdal, Elad Wieder, Elar "
"Valensart, Gavin Gray, Gavin Romig-Koch, Geoff Wood, Geoffrey Lehr, George "
"Baier IV, George De Bruin, George Lawie, George Strakhov, Gerard Gorman, "
"Geronimo de la Lama, Gianpaolo Rando, Gil Stendig, Gino Cingolani Trucco, "
-"Giovanna Sala, Glen Moffat, Glenn D. Jones, Glenn Otis Brown, Global Lives "
+"Giovanna Sala, Glen Moffat, Glenn D. Jones, Glenn Otis Brown, Global Lives "
"Project, Gorm Lai, Govindarajan Umakanthan, Graham Bird, Graham Freeman, "
"Graham Heath, Graham Jones, Graham Smith-Gordon, Graham Vowles, Greg "
"Brodsky, Greg Malone, Grégoire Detrez, Gregory Chevalley, Gregory Flynn, "
"Newman, Judy Tuan, Jukka Hellén, Julia Benson-Slaughter, Julia Devonshire, "
"Julian Fietkau, Julie Harboe, Julien Brossoit, Julien Leroy, Juliet Chen, "
"Julio Terra, Julius Mikkelä, Justin Christian, Justin Grimes, Justin Jones, "
-"Justin Szlasa, Justin Walsh, JustinChung.com, K. J. Przybylski, Kaloyan "
+"Justin Szlasa, Justin Walsh, JustinChung.com, K. J. Przybylski, Kaloyan "
"Raev, Kamil Śliwowski, Kaniska Padhi, Kara Malenfant, Kara Monroe, Karen Pe, "
"Karl Jahn, Karl Jonsson, Karl Nelson, Kasia Zygmuntowicz, Kat Lim, Kate "
"Chapman, Kate Stewart, Kathleen Beck, Kathleen Hanrahan, Kathryn Abuzzahab, "
"Miller, Neal Gorenflo, Neal McBurnett, Neal Stimler, Neil Wilson, Nele "
"Wollert, Neuchee Chang, Niall McDonagh, Niall Twohig, Nic McPhee, Nicholas "
"Bentley, Nicholas Koran, Nicholas Norfolk, Nicholas Potter, Nick Bell, Nick "
-"Coghlan, Nick Isaacs, Nick M. Daly, Nick Vance, Nickolay Vedernikov, Nicky "
+"Coghlan, Nick Isaacs, Nick M. Daly, Nick Vance, Nickolay Vedernikov, Nicky "
"Weaver-Weinberg, Nico Prin, Nicolas Weidinger, Nicole Hickman, Niek "
"Theunissen, Nigel Robertson, Nikki Thompson, Nikko Marie, Nikola Chernev, "
"Nils Lavesson, Noah Blumenson-Cook, Noah Fang, Noah Kardos-Fein, Noah "
"Soriano, Pablo Vasquez, Pacific Design, Paige Mackay, Papp István Péter, "
"Paris Marx, Parker Higgins, Pasquale Borriello, Pat Allan, Pat Hawks, Pat "
"Ludwig, Pat Sticks, Patricia Brennan, Patricia Rosnel, Patricia Wolf, "
-"Patrick Berry, Patrick Beseda, Patrick Hurley, Patrick M. Lozeau, Patrick "
+"Patrick Berry, Patrick Beseda, Patrick Hurley, Patrick M. Lozeau, Patrick "
"McCabe, Patrick Nafarrete, Patrick Tanguay, Patrick von Hauff, Patrik "
"Kernstock, Patti J Ryan, Paul A Golder, Paul and Iris Brest, Paul Bailey, "
"Paul Bryan, Paul Bunkham, Paul Elosegui, Paul Hibbitts, Paul Jacobson, Paul "
"Peter Langmar, Peter le Roux, Peter Marinari, Peter Mengelers, Peter "
"O’Brien, Peter Pinch, Peter S. Crosby, Peter Wells, Petr Fristedt, Petr "
"Viktorin, Petronella Jeurissen, Phil Flickinger, Philip Chung, Philip "
-"Pangrac, Philip R. Skaggs Jr., Philip Young, Philippa Lorne Channer, "
+"Pangrac, Philip R. Skaggs Jr., Philip Young, Philippa Lorne Channer, "
"Philippe Vandenbroeck, Pierluigi Luisi, Pierre Suter, Pieter-Jan Pauwels, "
"Playground Inc., Pomax, Popenoe, Pouhiou Noenaute, Prilutskiy Kirill, "
"Print3Dreams Ltd., Quentin Coispeau, R. Smith, Race DiLoreto, Rachel Mercer, "
"Ross Shaw, Alexander Bartl, Alexander Brown, Alexander Brunner, Alexander "
"Eliesen, Alexander Hawson, Alexander Klar, Alexander Neumann, Alexander "
"Plaum, Alexander Wendland, Alexandre Rafalovitch, Alexey Volkow, Alexi "
-"Wheeler, Alexis Sevault, Alfredo Louro, Ali Sternburg, Alicia Gibb & "
+"Wheeler, Alexis Sevault, Alfredo Louro, Ali Sternburg, Alicia Gibb & "
"Lunchbox Electronics, Alison Link, Alison Pentecost, Alistair Boettiger, "
"Alistair Walder, Alix Bernier, Allan Callaghan, Allen Riddell, Allison "
"Breland Crotwell, Allison Jane Smith, Álvaro Justen, Amanda Palmer, Amanda "
"Sablin, Evan Tangman, Evonne Okafor, Evtim Papushev, Fabien Cambi, Fabio "
"Natali, Fauxton Software, Felix Deierlein, Felix Gebauer, Felix Maximiliano "
"Obes, Felix Schmidt, Felix Zephyr Hsiao, Ferdies Food Lab, Fernand "
-"Deschambault, Filipe Rodrigues, Filippo Toso, Fiona MacAlister, "
-"fiona.mac.uk, Floor Scheffer, Florent Darrault, Florian Hähnel, Florian "
-"Schneider, Floyd Wilde, Foxtrot Games, Francis Clarke, Francisco Rivas-"
-"Portillo, Francois Dechery, Francois Grey, François Gros, François "
-"Pelletier, Fred Benenson, Frédéric Abella, Frédéric Schütz, Fredrik Ekelund, "
-"Fumi Yamazaki, Gabor Sooki-Toth, Gabriel Staples, Gabriel Véjar Valenzuela, "
-"Gal Buki, Gareth Jordan, Garrett Heath, Gary Anson, Gary Forster, Gatien de "
-"Broucker, Gaurav Kapil, Gauthier de Valensart, Gavin Gray, Gavin Romig-Koch, "
-"Geoff Wood, Geoffrey Lehr, George Baier IV, George De Bruin, George Lawie, "
-"George Strakhov, Gerard Gorman, Geronimo de la Lama, Gianpaolo Rando, Gil "
-"Stendig, Gino Cingolani Trucco, Giovanna Sala, Glen Moffat, Glenn D. Jones, "
-"Glenn Otis Brown, Global Lives Project, Gorm Lai, Govindarajan Umakanthan, "
-"Graham Bird, Graham Freeman, Graham Heath, Graham Jones, Graham Smith-"
-"Gordon, Graham Vowles, Greg Brodsky, Greg Malone, Grégoire Detrez, Gregory "
+"Deschambault, Filipe Rodrigues, Filippo Toso, Fiona MacAlister, fiona.mac."
+"uk, Floor Scheffer, Florent Darrault, Florian Hähnel, Florian Schneider, "
+"Floyd Wilde, Foxtrot Games, Francis Clarke, Francisco Rivas-Portillo, "
+"Francois Dechery, Francois Grey, François Gros, François Pelletier, Fred "
+"Benenson, Frédéric Abella, Frédéric Schütz, Fredrik Ekelund, Fumi Yamazaki, "
+"Gabor Sooki-Toth, Gabriel Staples, Gabriel Véjar Valenzuela, Gal Buki, "
+"Gareth Jordan, Garrett Heath, Gary Anson, Gary Forster, Gatien de Broucker, "
+"Gaurav Kapil, Gauthier de Valensart, Gavin Gray, Gavin Romig-Koch, Geoff "
+"Wood, Geoffrey Lehr, George Baier IV, George De Bruin, George Lawie, George "
+"Strakhov, Gerard Gorman, Geronimo de la Lama, Gianpaolo Rando, Gil Stendig, "
+"Gino Cingolani Trucco, Giovanna Sala, Glen Moffat, Glenn D. Jones, Glenn "
+"Otis Brown, Global Lives Project, Gorm Lai, Govindarajan Umakanthan, Graham "
+"Bird, Graham Freeman, Graham Heath, Graham Jones, Graham Smith-Gordon, "
+"Graham Vowles, Greg Brodsky, Greg Malone, Grégoire Detrez, Gregory "
"Chevalley, Gregory Flynn, Grit Matthias, Gui Louback, Guillaume Rischard, "
"Gustavo Vaz de Carvalho Gonçalves, Gustin Johnson, Gwen Franck, Gwilym "
"Lucas, Haggen So, Håkon T Sønderland, Hamid Larbi, Hamish MacEwan, Hannes "
"James Docherty, James Ellars, James K Wood, James Tyler, Jamie Finlay, Jamie "
"Stevens, Jamil Khatib, Jan E Ellison, Jan Gondol, Jan Sepp, Jan Zuppinger, "
"Jane Finette, jane Lofton, Jane Mason, Jane Park, Janos Kovacs, Jasmina "
-"Bricic, Jason Blasso, Jason Chu"
-
-#~ msgid "service."
-#~ msgstr "servicio."
-
-#, fuzzy
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "resources marketing those services (and by extension, the OpenStax "
-#~ "textbooks)."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "recursos publicitando esos servicios (y, por extensión, los libros de "
-#~ "texto de OpenStax)."
-
-#, fuzzy
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "cases, rather than the quid pro quo exchange of money for value that "
-#~ "typically drives market transactions, the recipient gives money out of a "
-#~ "sense of reciprocity."
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "en vez del típico intercambio quid pro quo de dinero por valor que "
-#~ "típicamente conduce a las transacciones en el mercado, el receptor "
-#~ "entrega dinero a partir de un sentido de reciprocidad."
-
-#~ msgid "Made"
-#~ msgstr "Hecho"
-
-#~ msgid "with"
-#~ msgstr "con"
-
-#~ msgid "Creative"
-#~ msgstr "Creative"
-
-#~ msgid "Commons"
-#~ msgstr "Commons"
-
-#~ msgid "The New"
-#~ msgstr "El nuevo"
-
-#~ msgid "World of"
-#~ msgstr "Mundo del"
-
-#~ msgid "Digital"
-#~ msgstr "Procomún Digital"
-
-#~ msgid "How"
-#~ msgstr "Cómo"
-
-#~ msgid "to Be"
-#~ msgstr "ser"
-
-#~ msgid "Made with"
-#~ msgstr "Hecho con"
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-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor\"></span>Made"
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-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-1\"></span>with"
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-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-2\"></span>Creative"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-2\"></span>Creative"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-3\"></span>Commons"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-3\"></span>Commons"
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-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-5\"></span>"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-5\"></span>"
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-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-7\"></span>Foreword"
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-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-8\"></span>Introduction"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-8\"></span>Introducción"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-9\"></span>Part 1"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-9\"></span>Parte 1"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-10\"></span>The Big Picture"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-10\"></span>El panorama completo"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-11\"></span>The New"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-11\"></span>El nuevo"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-12\"></span>World of"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-12\"></span>mundo del"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-13\"></span>Digital"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-13\"></span>procomún"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-14\"></span>Commons"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-14\"></span>digital"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-17\"></span>Characteristics"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-17\"></span>Características"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-18\"></span>People and processes"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-18\"></span>Personas y procesos"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-19\"></span>Norms and rules"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-19\"></span>Normas y reglas"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-20\"></span>Goals"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-20\"></span>Objetivos"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-23\"></span>The Birth of Creative Commons"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-23\"></span>El nacimiento de Creative Commons"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-24\"></span>The Changing Market"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-24\"></span>El mercado cambiante"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-26\"></span>Our Case Studies"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-26\"></span>Nuestros casos de estudio"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-27\"></span>How"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-27\"></span>Cómo"
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-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-28\"></span>to Be"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-28\"></span>ser"
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-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-29\"></span>Made with"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-29\"></span>Hecho con"
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-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-30\"></span>Creative"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-30\"></span>Creative"
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-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-31\"></span>Commons"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-31\"></span>Commons"
-
-#, fuzzy
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-62\"></span>The"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-62\"></span>Las"
-
-#, fuzzy
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-63\"></span>Creative"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-63\"></span>Licencias"
-
-#, fuzzy
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-64\"></span>Commons"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-64\"></span>Creative"
-
-#, fuzzy
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-65\"></span>Licenses"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-65\"></span>Commons"
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-#, fuzzy
-#~ msgid ""
-#~ "All of the Creative Commons licenses grant a basic set of permissions. "
-#~ "At a minimum, a CC-"
-#~ msgstr ""
-#~ "Todas las licencias Creative Commons otorgan un conjunto básico de "
-#~ "permisos. Como mínimo, un"
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-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-66\"></span>Note"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-66\"></span>Nota"
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-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-67\"></span>Part 2"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-67\"></span>Parte 2"
-
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-68\"></span>The Case Studies"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-68\"></span>Los estudios de caso"
+"Bricic, Jason Blasso, Jason Chu."
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-69\"></span>Arduino"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-69\"></span>Arduino\t"
+#~ msgid "Made With Creative Commons"
+#~ msgstr "Hecho con Creative Commons"
-#~ msgid "product.”"
-#~ msgstr "producto.”"
+#~ msgid "Enterprise engagements"
+#~ msgstr "Compromisos empresariales"
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-70\"></span>Ártica"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-70\"></span>Ártica"
+#~ msgid "Different views on resources"
+#~ msgstr "Diferentes puntos de vista sobre recursos"
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-71\"></span>Blender Institute"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-71\"></span>Blender Institute"
+#~ msgid "Long ago"
+#~ msgstr "Hace mucho tiempo"
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-87\"></span>Rijksmuseum"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-87\"></span>Rijksmuseum"
+#~ msgid "State takeover of the commons"
+#~ msgstr "Adquisición estatal del procomún"
-#~ msgid "<span id=\"anchor-90\"></span>Sparkfun"
-#~ msgstr "<span id=\"anchor-90\"></span>Sparkfun"
+#~ msgid "Today"
+#~ msgstr "Hoy"
projects / text-madewithcc.git / blobdiff