From: Petter Reinholdtsen Date: Sat, 11 Aug 2012 10:34:52 +0000 (+0200) Subject: Complete cleanup after adding . X-Git-Tag: edition-2015-10-10~1669 X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-free-culture-lessig.git/commitdiff_plain/7aa360847afdc5c4dacb4b60bd7d516a5e14568a?ds=sidebyside Complete cleanup after adding . --- diff --git a/freeculture.nb.po b/freeculture.nb.po index 41a9b95..99110f3 100644 --- a/freeculture.nb.po +++ b/freeculture.nb.po @@ -21939,26 +21939,6 @@ msgstr "" "citetitle> (Washington, D.C., 2000), 15." #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "However, the United States government opposed the bill. Indeed, more than " -#| "opposed. As the International Intellectual Property Association " -#| "characterized it, \"The U.S. government pressured South Africa … " -#| "not to permit compulsory licensing or parallel imports.\" Through the Office of the United States " -#| "Trade Representative, the government asked South Africa to change the " -#| "law—and to add pressure to that request, in 1998, the USTR listed " -#| "South Africa for possible trade sanctions. That same year, more than " -#| "forty pharmaceutical companies began proceedings in the South African " -#| "courts to challenge the government's actions. The United States was then " -#| "joined by other governments from the EU. Their claim, and the claim of " -#| "the pharmaceutical companies, was that South Africa was violating its " -#| "obligations under international law by discriminating against a " -#| "particular kind of patent— pharmaceutical patents. The demand of " -#| "these governments, with the United States in the lead, was that South " -#| "Africa respect these patents as it respects any other patent, regardless " -#| "of any effect on the treatment of AIDS within South Africa." msgid "" "However, the United States government opposed the bill. Indeed, more than " "opposed. As the International Intellectual Property Association " @@ -21981,8 +21961,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Men USA var imot lovendringen. Og de nøyde seg ikke med Ã¥ være imot. Som " "International Intellectual Property Association karakteriserte det, " -"\"Myndighetene i USA presset Sør-Afrika … til Ã¥ ikke tillate tvungen " -"lisensiering eller parallellimport\"Myndighetene i USA presset Sør-Afrika … til Ã¥ ikke tillate tvungen " +"lisensiering eller parallellimport Gjennom kontoret til USAs handelsrepresentant (USTR), ba myndighetene Sør-" "Afrika om Ã¥ endre loven—og for Ã¥ legge press bak den forespørselen, " "listet USTR i 1998 opp Sør-Afrika som et land som burde vurderes for " @@ -22068,15 +22048,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Instead, the argument in favor of restricting this flow of information, " -#| "which was needed to save the lives of millions, was an argument about the " -#| "sanctity of property. It was " -#| "because \"intellectual property\" would be violated that these drugs " -#| "should not flow into Africa. It was a principle about the importance of " -#| "\"intellectual property\" that led these government actors to intervene " -#| "against the South African response to AIDS." msgid "" "Instead, the argument in favor of restricting this flow of information, " "which was needed to save the lives of millions, was an argument about the " @@ -22089,22 +22060,12 @@ msgstr "" "I stedet var argumentet til fordel for restriksjoner pÃ¥ denne flyten av " "informasjon, som var nødvendig for Ã¥ redde millioner av liv, et argument om " "eiendoms ukrenkelighet. Det var pÃ¥ " -"grunn av at \"intellektuell eiendom\" ville bli krenket at disse medisinene " +"grunn av at intellektuell eiendom ville bli krenket at disse medisinene " "ikke skulle flomme inn til Afrika. Det var prinsippet om viktigheten av " -"\"intellektuell eiendom\" som fikk disse myndighetsaktørene til Ã¥ " +"intellektuell eiendom som fikk disse myndighetsaktørene til Ã¥ " "intervenere mot Sør-Afrikas mottiltak mot AIDS." #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Now just step back for a moment. There will be a time thirty years from " -#| "now when our children look back at us and ask, how could we have let this " -#| "happen? How could we allow a policy to be pursued whose direct cost would " -#| "be to speed the death of 15 to 30 million Africans, and whose only real " -#| "benefit would be to uphold the \"sanctity\" of an idea? What possible " -#| "justification could there ever be for a policy that results in so many " -#| "deaths? What exactly is the insanity that would allow so many to die for " -#| "such an abstraction?" msgid "" "Now just step back for a moment. There will be a time thirty years from now " "when our children look back at us and ask, how could we have let this " @@ -22119,7 +22080,7 @@ msgstr "" "barn se tilbake pÃ¥ oss og spørre, hvordan kunne vi la dette skje? Hvordan " "kunne vi tillate Ã¥ gjennomføre en politikk hvis direkte kostnad var fÃ¥ 15 " "til 30 millioner afrikanere til Ã¥ dø raskere, og hvis eneste virkelige " -"fordel var Ã¥ opprettholde \"ukrenkeligheten\" til en idé? Hva slags " +"fordel var Ã¥ opprettholde ukrenkeligheten til en idé? Hva slags " "berettigelse kan noen sinne eksistere for en politikk som resulterer i sÃ¥ " "mange døde? Hva slags galskap er det egentlig som tillater at sÃ¥ mange dør " "for slik en abstraksjon?" @@ -22158,20 +22119,6 @@ msgstr "" #. PAGE BREAK 268 #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "A different problem, however, could not be overcome. This is the fear of " -#| "the grandstanding politician who would call the presidents of the drug " -#| "companies before a Senate or House hearing, and ask, \"How is it you can " -#| "sell this HIV drug in Africa for only $1 a pill, but the same drug would " -#| "cost an American $1,500?\" Because there is no \"sound bite\" answer to " -#| "that question, its effect would be to induce regulation of prices in " -#| "America. The drug companies thus avoid this spiral by avoiding the first " -#| "step. They reinforce the idea that property should be sacred. They adopt " -#| "a rational strategy in an irrational context, with the unintended " -#| "consequence that perhaps millions die. And that rational strategy thus " -#| "becomes framed in terms of this ideal—the sanctity of an idea " -#| "called \"intellectual property.\"" msgid "" "A different problem, however, could not be overcome. This is the fear of the " "grandstanding politician who would call the presidents of the drug companies " @@ -22188,16 +22135,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Et annet problem kan derimot ikke løses. Det er frykten for at en politiker " "som skal vise seg og kaller inn lederne hos medisinprodusentene til høring i " -"senatet eller representantenes hus og spør, \"hvordan har det seg at du kan " +"senatet eller representantenes hus og spør, hvordan har det seg at du kan " "selge HIV-medisinen i Afrika for bare $1 pr. pille, mens samme pille koster " -"en amerikansker $1 500?\" Da det ikke finnes et \"kjapt svar\" pÃ¥ det " +"en amerikansker $1 500? Da det ikke finnes et kjapt svar pÃ¥ det " "spørsmÃ¥let, ville effekten bli regulering av priser i Amerika. " "Medisinprodusentene unngÃ¥r dermed denne spiralen ved Ã¥ sikre at det første " "steget ikke tas. De forsterker idéen om at eierrettigheter skal være " "ukrenkelige. De legger seg pÃ¥ en rasjonell strategi i en irrasjonell " "omgivelse, med den utilsiktede konsekvens at kanskje millioner dør. Og den " "rasjonelle strategien rammes dermed inn ved hjel av dette ideal—" -"helligheten til en idé som kalles \"immaterielle rettigheter\"." +"helligheten til en idé som kalles immaterielle rettigheter." #. type: Content of: msgid "" @@ -22272,20 +22219,6 @@ msgstr "" "kultur er Ã¥ finne en mÃ¥te Ã¥ fÃ¥ denne sunne fornuften til Ã¥ Ã¥pne sine øyne." #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "So far, common sense sleeps. There is no revolt. Common sense does not " -#| "yet see what there could be to revolt about. The extremism that now " -#| "dominates this debate fits with ideas that seem natural, and that fit is " -#| "reinforced by the RCAs of our day. They wage a frantic war to fight " -#| "\"piracy,\" and devastate a culture for creativity. They defend the idea " -#| "of \"creative property,\" while transforming real creators into modern-" -#| "day sharecroppers. They are insulted by the idea that rights should be " -#| "balanced, even though each of the major players in this content war was " -#| "itself a beneficiary of a more balanced ideal. The hypocrisy reeks. Yet " -#| "in a city like Washington, hypocrisy is not even noticed. Powerful " -#| "lobbies, complex issues, and MTV attention spans produce the \"perfect " -#| "storm\" for free culture." msgid "" "So far, common sense sleeps. There is no revolt. Common sense does not yet " "see what there could be to revolt about. The extremism that now dominates " @@ -22304,28 +22237,17 @@ msgstr "" "ikke hva det er Ã¥ gjøre opprør mot. Ekstremismen som nÃ¥ dominerer denne " "debatten resonerer med idéer som virker naturlige, og resonansen er " "forsterket av vÃ¥re moderne RCA-ene. De fører en frenetisk krig for Ã¥ " -"bekjempe \"piratvirksomhet\" og knuser kreativitetskultur. De forsvarer " -"idéen om \"kreativt eierskap\", mens de endrer ekte skapere til moderne " +"bekjempe piratvirksomhet og knuser kreativitetskultur. De forsvarer " +"idéen om kreativt eierskap, mens de endrer ekte skapere til moderne " "leilendinger. De blir fornærmet av idéen om at rettigheter skulle være " "balanserte, selv om hver av hovedaktørene i denne innholdskrigen selv hadde " "fordeler av et mer balansert ideal. Hykleriet rÃ¥r. Men i en by som " "Washington blir ikke hykleriet en gang lagt merke til. Mektige lobbyister, " -"kompliserte problemer og MTV-oppmerksomhetsspenn gir en \"perfekt storm\" " +"kompliserte problemer og MTV-oppmerksomhetsspenn gir en perfekt storm " "for fri kultur." #. f6. #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Jonathan Krim, \"The Quiet War over Open-Source,\" Washington " -#| "Post, August 2003, E1, available at link #59; William New, \"Global Group's Shift " -#| "on `Open Source' Meeting Spurs Stir,\" National Journal's " -#| "Technology Daily, 19 August 2003, available at link #60; William New, \"U.S. " -#| "Official Opposes `Open Source' Talks at WIPO,\" National " -#| "Journal's Technology Daily, 19 August 2003, available at " -#| "link #61." msgid "" "Jonathan Krim, The Quiet War over Open-Source, " "Washington Post, August 2003, E1, available at link #61." msgstr "" -"Jonathan Krim, \"The Quiet War over Open-Source,\" Washington " +"Jonathan Krim, The Quiet War over Open-Source, Washington " "Post, august 2003, E1, tilgjengelig fra link #59; William New, \"Global Group's Shift on " -"`Open Source' Meeting Spurs Stir,\" National Journal's Technology " +"culture.cc/notes/\">link #59; William New, Global Group's Shift on " +"`Open Source' Meeting Spurs Stir, National Journal's Technology " "Daily, 19. august 2003, tilgjengelig fra link #60; William New, \"U.S. Official " -"Opposes `Open Source' Talks at WIPO,\" National Journal's " +"free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #60; William New, U.S. Official " +"Opposes `Open Source' Talks at WIPO, National Journal's " "Technology Daily, 19. august 2003, tilgjengelig fra link #61." @@ -22361,29 +22283,6 @@ msgid "PLoS (Public Library of Science)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "In August 2003, a fight broke out in the United States about a decision " -#| "by the World Intellectual Property Organization to cancel a meeting." -#| " At the request of a wide range " -#| "of interests, WIPO had decided to hold a meeting to discuss \"open and " -#| "collaborative projects to create public goods.\" These are projects that " -#| "have been successful in producing public goods without relying " -#| "exclusively upon a proprietary use of intellectual property. Examples " -#| "include the Internet and the World Wide Web, both of which were developed " -#| "on the basis of protocols in the public domain. It included an emerging " -#| "trend to support open academic journals, including the Public Library of " -#| "Science project that I describe in the Afterword. It included a project " -#| "to develop single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), which are thought to " -#| "have great significance in biomedical research. (That nonprofit project " -#| "comprised a consortium of the Wellcome Trust and pharmaceutical and " -#| "technological companies, including Amersham Biosciences, AstraZeneca, " -#| "Aventis, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Hoffmann-La Roche, Glaxo-" -#| "SmithKline, IBM, Motorola, Novartis, Pfizer, and Searle.) It included the " -#| "Global Positioning System, which Ronald Reagan set free in the early " -#| "1980s. And it included \"open source and free software.\" " -#| "" msgid "" "In August 2003, a fight broke out in the United States about a decision by " "the World Intellectual Property Organization to cancel a meeting." @@ -22410,8 +22309,8 @@ msgstr "" "I august 2003 brøt en kamp ut i USA om en avgjørelse fra World Intellectual " "Property Organiation om Ã¥ avlyse et møte. PÃ¥ forespørsel fra en lang rekke med interressenter hadde WIPO " -"bestemt Ã¥ avholde et møte for Ã¥ diskutere \"Ã¥pne og samarbeidende prosjekter " -"for Ã¥ skape goder for felleskapet\". Disse prosjektene som hadde lyktes i Ã¥ " +"bestemt Ã¥ avholde et møte for Ã¥ diskutere Ã¥pne og samarbeidende prosjekter " +"for Ã¥ skape goder for felleskapet. Disse prosjektene som hadde lyktes i Ã¥ " "produsere goder for fellesskapet uten Ã¥ basere seg eksklusivt pÃ¥ bruken av " "proprietære immaterielle rettigheter. Eksempler inkluderer internettet og " "verdensveven, begge som ble utviklet pÃ¥ grunnlag av protokoller i " @@ -22424,8 +22323,8 @@ msgstr "" "Amersham Biosciences, AstraZeneca, Aventis, Bayer, Bristol-Myers Squibb, " "Hoffmann-La Roche, Glaxo-SmithKline, IBM, Motorola, Novartis, Pfizer, og " "Searle.) Det inkluderte Globalt posisjonssystem (GPS) som Ronald Reagen " -"frigjorde tidlig pÃ¥ 1980-tallet. Og det inkluderte \"Ã¥pen kildekode og fri " -"programvare\". Ã¥pen kildekode og fri " +"programvare. " #. type: Content of: @@ -22467,28 +22366,6 @@ msgstr "" #. PAGE BREAK 271 #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Indeed, I was once publicly scolded for not recognizing this fact about " -#| "WIPO. In February 2003, I delivered a keynote address to a preparatory " -#| "conference for the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS). At a " -#| "press conference before the address, I was asked what I would say. I " -#| "responded that I would be talking a little about the importance of " -#| "balance in intellectual property for the development of an information " -#| "society. The moderator for the event then promptly interrupted to inform " -#| "me and the assembled reporters that no question about intellectual " -#| "property would be discussed by WSIS, since those questions were the " -#| "exclusive domain of WIPO. In the talk that I had prepared, I had actually " -#| "made the issue of intellectual property relatively minor. But after this " -#| "astonishing statement, I made intellectual property the sole focus of my " -#| "talk. There was no way to talk about an \"Information Society\" unless " -#| "one also talked about the range of information and culture that would be " -#| "free. My talk did not make my immoderate moderator very happy. And she " -#| "was no doubt correct that the scope of intellectual property protections " -#| "was ordinarily the stuff of WIPO. But in my view, there couldn't be too " -#| "much of a conversation about how much intellectual property is needed, " -#| "since in my view, the very idea of balance in intellectual property had " -#| "been lost." msgid "" "Indeed, I was once publicly scolded for not recognizing this fact about " "WIPO. In February 2003, I delivered a keynote address to a preparatory " @@ -22522,7 +22399,7 @@ msgstr "" "forberedt var temaet om immaterielle verdier en forholdvis liten del av det " "hele. Men etter denne forbløffende uttalelsen, gjorde jeg immaterielle " "verdier til hovedfokus for mitt innlegg. Det var ikke mulig Ã¥ snakke om et " -"\"informasjonssamfunn\" uten at en ogsÃ¥ snakket om andelen av informasjon og " +"informasjonssamfunn uten at en ogsÃ¥ snakket om andelen av informasjon og " "kultur som ikke er vernet av opphavsretten. Mitt innlegg gjorde ikke min " "overivrige moderator veldig glad. Og hun hadde uten tvil rett i at omfanget " "til vern av immaterielle rettigheter normalt hørte inn under WIPO. Men " @@ -22531,12 +22408,6 @@ msgstr "" "om en balanse rundt immaterielle rettigheter hadde gÃ¥tt tapt." #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "So whether or not WSIS can discuss balance in intellectual property, I " -#| "had thought it was taken for granted that WIPO could and should. And thus " -#| "the meeting about \"open and collaborative projects to create public goods" -#| "\" seemed perfectly appropriate within the WIPO agenda." msgid "" "So whether or not WSIS can discuss balance in intellectual property, I had " "thought it was taken for granted that WIPO could and should. And thus the " @@ -22545,21 +22416,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "SÃ¥ uansett om WSIS kan diskutere balanse i intellektuell eiendom eller ikke, " "sÃ¥ hadde jeg trodd det var tatt for gitt at WIPO kunne og burde. Og dermed " -"møtet om \"Ã¥pne og samarbeidende prosjekter for Ã¥ skape fellesgoder\" virker " +"møtet om Ã¥pne og samarbeidende prosjekter for Ã¥ skape fellesgoder virker " "Ã¥ passe perfekt for WIPOs agenda." #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "But there is one project within that list that is highly controversial, " -#| "at least among lobbyists. That project is \"open source and free software." -#| "\" Microsoft in particular is wary of discussion of the subject. From its " -#| "perspective, a conference to discuss open source and free software would " -#| "be like a conference to discuss Apple's operating system. Both open " -#| "source and free software compete with Microsoft's software. And " -#| "internationally, many governments have begun to explore requirements that " -#| "they use open source or free software, rather than \"proprietary software," -#| "\" for their own internal uses." msgid "" "But there is one project within that list that is highly controversial, at " "least among lobbyists. That project is open source and free software." @@ -22572,34 +22432,17 @@ msgid "" "for their own internal uses." msgstr "" "Men det er ett prosjekt i listen som er svært kontroversielt, i hvert fall " -"blant lobbyister. Dette prosjektet er \"Ã¥pen kildekode og fri programvare\". " +"blant lobbyister. Dette prosjektet er Ã¥pen kildekode og fri programvare. " "Microsoft spesielt er skeptisk til diskusjon om emnet. Fra deres perspektiv, " "ville en konferanse for Ã¥ diskutere Ã¥pen kildekode og fri programvare være " "som en konferanse for Ã¥ diskutere Apples operativsystem. BÃ¥de Ã¥pen " "kildekode og fri programvare konkurrerer med Microsofts programvare. Og " "internasjonalt har mange myndigheter begynt Ã¥ utforske krav om at de skal " -"bruke Ã¥pen kildekode eller fri programvare, i stedet for \"proprietær " -"programvare,\" til sine egne interne behov." +"bruke Ã¥pen kildekode eller fri programvare, i stedet for proprietær " +"programvare, til sine egne interne behov." #. f8. #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Microsoft's position about free and open source software is more " -#| "sophisticated. As it has repeatedly asserted, it has no problem with " -#| "\"open source\" software or software in the public domain. Microsoft's " -#| "principal opposition is to \"free software\" licensed under a \"copyleft" -#| "\" license, meaning a license that requires the licensee to adopt the " -#| "same terms on any derivative work. See Bradford L. Smith, \"The Future of " -#| "Software: Enabling the Marketplace to Decide,\" Government " -#| "Policy Toward Open Source Software (Washington, D.C.: AEI-" -#| "Brookings Joint Center for Regulatory Studies, American Enterprise " -#| "Institute for Public Policy Research, 2002), 69, available at link #62. See also Craig " -#| "Mundie, Microsoft senior vice president, The Commercial " -#| "Software Model, discussion at New York University Stern " -#| "School of Business (3 May 2001), available at link #63." msgid "" "Microsoft's position about free and open source software is more " "sophisticated. As it has repeatedly asserted, it has no problem with " @@ -22619,12 +22462,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Microsofts posisjon om Ã¥pen kildekode og fri programvare er mer " "sofistikert. De har flere ganger forklart at de har ikke noe problem med " -"programvare som er \"Ã¥pen kildekode\" eller programvare som er " -"allemannseie. Microsofts prinsipielle motstand er mot \"fri programvare\" " -"lisensiert med en \"copyleft\"-lisens, som betyr at lisensen krever at de " +"programvare som er Ã¥pen kildekode eller programvare som er " +"allemannseie. Microsofts prinsipielle motstand er mot fri programvare " +"lisensiert med en copyleft-lisens, som betyr at lisensen krever at de " "som lisensierer skal adoptere same vilkÃ¥r for ethvert avledet verk. Se " -"Bradford L. Smith, \"The Future of Software: Enabling the Marketplace to " -"Decide,\" Government Policy Toward Open Source SoftwareThe Future of Software: Enabling the Marketplace to " +"Decide, Government Policy Toward Open Source Software (Washington, D.C.: AEI-Brookings Joint Center for Regulatory " "Studies, American Enterprise Institute for Public Policy Research, 2002), " "69, tilgjengelig fra link #62copyleft licenses" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "I don't mean to enter that debate here. It is important only to make " -#| "clear that the distinction is not between commercial and noncommercial " -#| "software. There are many important companies that depend fundamentally " -#| "upon open source and free software, IBM being the most prominent. IBM is " -#| "increasingly shifting its focus to the GNU/Linux operating system, the " -#| "most famous bit of \"free software\"—and IBM is emphatically a " -#| "commercial entity. Thus, to support \"open source and free software\" is " -#| "not to oppose commercial entities. It is, instead, to support a mode of " -#| "software development that is different from Microsoft's. " -#| " " msgid "" "I don't mean to enter that debate here. It is important only to make clear " "that the distinction is not between commercial and noncommercial software. " @@ -22671,8 +22500,8 @@ msgstr "" "programvare. Det er mange viktige selskaper som er fundamentalt avhengig av " "fri programvare, der IBM er den mest fremtredende. IBM har i stadig større " "grad skiftet sitt fokus til GNU/Linux-operativsystemet, det mest berømte " -"biten av \"fri programvare\"—og IBM er helt klart en kommersiell " -"aktør. Dermed er det Ã¥ støtte \"fri programvare\" ikke Ã¥ motsette seg " +"biten av fri programvare—og IBM er helt klart en kommersiell " +"aktør. Dermed er det Ã¥ støtte fri programvare ikke Ã¥ motsette seg " "kommersielle aktører. Det er i stedet Ã¥ støtte en mÃ¥te Ã¥ drive " "programvareutvikling som er forskjellig fra Microsofts. " @@ -22681,22 +22510,6 @@ msgstr "" #. PAGE BREAK 272 #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "More important for our purposes, to support \"open source and free " -#| "software\" is not to oppose copyright. \"Open source and free software\" " -#| "is not software in the public domain. Instead, like Microsoft's software, " -#| "the copyright owners of free and open source software insist quite " -#| "strongly that the terms of their software license be respected by " -#| "adopters of free and open source software. The terms of that license are " -#| "no doubt different from the terms of a proprietary software license. " -#| "Free software licensed under the General Public License (GPL), for " -#| "example, requires that the source code for the software be made available " -#| "by anyone who modifies and redistributes the software. But that " -#| "requirement is effective only if copyright governs software. If copyright " -#| "did not govern software, then free software could not impose the same " -#| "kind of requirements on its adopters. It thus depends upon copyright law " -#| "just as Microsoft does." msgid "" "More important for our purposes, to support open source and free " "software is not to oppose copyright. Open source and free " @@ -22712,9 +22525,9 @@ msgid "" "software, then free software could not impose the same kind of requirements " "on its adopters. It thus depends upon copyright law just as Microsoft does." msgstr "" -"Mer viktig for vÃ¥re formÃ¥l, er at Ã¥ støtte \"Ã¥pen kildekode og fri " -"programvare\" ikke er Ã¥ motsette seg opphavsrett. \"Åpen kildekode og fri " -"programvare\" er ikke programvare uten opphavsrettslig vern. Istedet, pÃ¥ " +"Mer viktig for vÃ¥re formÃ¥l, er at Ã¥ støtte Ã¥pen kildekode og fri " +"programvare ikke er Ã¥ motsette seg opphavsrett. Åpen kildekode og fri " +"programvare er ikke programvare uten opphavsrettslig vern. Istedet, pÃ¥ " "samme mÃ¥te som programvare fra Microsoft, insisterer opphavsrettsinnehaverne " "av fri programvare ganske sterkt at vilkÃ¥rene i deres programvarelisens blir " "respektert av de som tar i bruk fri programvare. VilkÃ¥rene i den lisensen " @@ -22729,15 +22542,11 @@ msgstr "" #. f9. #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Krim, \"The Quiet War over Open-Source,\" available at link #64." msgid "" "Krim, The Quiet War over Open-Source, available at link #64." msgstr "" -"Krim, \"The Quiet War over Open-Source,\" tilgjengelig fra The Quiet War over Open-Source, tilgjengelig fra link #64." #. type: Content of: @@ -22779,16 +22588,6 @@ msgstr "" "programvareprodusenten i USA har lyktes med sin lobbyvirksomhet." #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "What was surprising was the United States government's reason for " -#| "opposing the meeting. Again, as reported by Krim, Lois Boland, acting " -#| "director of international relations for the U.S. Patent and Trademark " -#| "Office, explained that \"open-source software runs counter to the mission " -#| "of WIPO, which is to promote intellectual-property rights.\" She is " -#| "quoted as saying, \"To hold a meeting which has as its purpose to " -#| "disclaim or waive such rights seems to us to be contrary to the goals of " -#| "WIPO.\"" msgid "" "What was surprising was the United States government's reason for opposing " "the meeting. Again, as reported by Krim, Lois Boland, acting director of " @@ -22801,26 +22600,16 @@ msgstr "" "Det som var overraskende var USAs regjerings begrunnelse for Ã¥ være imot " "møtet. Igjen, sitert av Krim, forklarte Lois Boland, direktør for " "internasjonale forbindelser ved USAs patent og varemerkekontor, at " -"\"programvare med Ã¥pen kildekode gÃ¥r imot til formÃ¥let til WIPO, som er Ã¥ " -"fremme immaterielle rettigheter.\". Hun skal i følge sitatet ha sagt, \"Å " +"programvare med Ã¥pen kildekode gÃ¥r imot til formÃ¥let til WIPO, som er Ã¥ " +"fremme immaterielle rettigheter.. Hun skal i følge sitatet ha sagt, Å " "holde et møte som har som formÃ¥l Ã¥ fraskrive seg eller frafalle slike " -"rettigheter synes for oss Ã¥ være i strid med formÃ¥lene til WIPO.\"" +"rettigheter synes for oss Ã¥ være i strid med formÃ¥lene til WIPO." #. type: Content of: msgid "These statements are astonishing on a number of levels." msgstr "Disse utsagnene er forbløffende pÃ¥ flere nivÃ¥er." #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "First, they are just flat wrong. As I described, most open source and " -#| "free software relies fundamentally upon the intellectual property right " -#| "called \"copyright\". Without it, restrictions imposed by those licenses " -#| "wouldn't work. Thus, to say it \"runs counter\" to the mission of " -#| "promoting intellectual property rights reveals an extraordinary gap in " -#| "understanding—the sort of mistake that is excusable in a first-year " -#| "law student, but an embarrassment from a high government official dealing " -#| "with intellectual property issues." msgid "" "First, they are just flat wrong. As I described, most open source and free " "software relies fundamentally upon the intellectual property right called " @@ -22833,27 +22622,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "For det første er de ganske enkelt ikke riktige. Som jeg beskrev, er det " "meste av Ã¥pen kildekode og fri programvare fundamentalt avhengig av den " -"immaterielle retten kalt \"opphavsrett\". Uten den vil begrensningene " -"definert av disse lisensene ikke fungere. Dermed er det Ã¥ si at de \"gÃ¥r imot" -"\" formÃ¥let om Ã¥ fremme immaterielle rettigheter Ã¥ avsløre en ekstraordinær " +"immaterielle retten kalt opphavsrett. Uten den vil begrensningene " +"definert av disse lisensene ikke fungere. Dermed er det Ã¥ si at de gÃ¥r imot" +" formÃ¥let om Ã¥ fremme immaterielle rettigheter Ã¥ avsløre en ekstraordinær " "mangel pÃ¥ forstÃ¥else—den type feil som er tilgivelig hos en førsteÃ¥rs " "jusstudent, men pinlig fra en høyt plassert statstjenestemann som hÃ¥ndterer " "utfordringer rundt immaterielle rettigheter." #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Second, who ever said that WIPO's exclusive aim was to \"promote\" " -#| "intellectual property maximally? As I had been scolded at the preparatory " -#| "conference of WSIS, WIPO is to consider not only how best to protect " -#| "intellectual property, but also what the best balance of intellectual " -#| "property is. As every economist and lawyer knows, the hard question in " -#| "intellectual property law is to find that balance. But that there should " -#| "be limits is, I had thought, uncontested. One wants to ask Ms. Boland, " -#| "are generic drugs (drugs based on drugs whose patent has expired) " -#| "contrary to the WIPO mission? Does the public domain weaken intellectual " -#| "property? Would it have been better if the protocols of the Internet had " -#| "been patented?" msgid "" "Second, who ever said that WIPO's exclusive aim was to promote intellectual property maximally? As I had been scolded at the " @@ -22868,7 +22644,7 @@ msgid "" "been patented?" msgstr "" "For det andre, hvem har noen gang hevdet at WIPOs eksklusive mÃ¥l var Ã¥ " -"\"fremme\" immaterielle rettigheter maksimalt? Som jeg fikk kjeft om pÃ¥ den " +"fremme immaterielle rettigheter maksimalt? Som jeg fikk kjeft om pÃ¥ den " "forberedende konferansen til WSIS, skal WIPO vurdere ikke bare hvordan best " "beskytte immaterielle rettigheter, men ogsÃ¥ hva som er den beste balansen " "rundt immaterielle rettigheter. Som enhver økonom og advokat vet, er det " @@ -22880,19 +22656,6 @@ msgstr "" "hadde vært patentert?" #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Third, even if one believed that the purpose of WIPO was to maximize " -#| "intellectual property rights, in our tradition, intellectual property " -#| "rights are held by individuals and corporations. They get to decide what " -#| "to do with those rights because, again, they are their rights. If they want to \"waive\" or \"disclaim\" their rights, " -#| "that is, within our tradition, totally appropriate. When Bill Gates gives " -#| "away more than $20 billion to do good in the world, that is not " -#| "inconsistent with the objectives of the property system. That is, on the " -#| "contrary, just what a property system is supposed to be about: giving " -#| "individuals the right to decide what to do with their property. " msgid "" "Third, even if one believed that the purpose of WIPO was to maximize " "intellectual property rights, in our tradition, intellectual property rights " @@ -22910,7 +22673,7 @@ msgstr "" "immaterielle rettigheter, sÃ¥ innehas immaterielle rettigheter, i vÃ¥r " "tradisjon, av individer og selskaper. De fÃ¥r bestemme hva som skal gjøres " "med disse rettighetene, igjen fordi det er de som eier " -"rettighetene. Hvis de ønsker Ã¥ \"frafalle\" eller \"frasi\" seg sine " +"rettighetene. Hvis de ønsker Ã¥ frafalle eller frasi seg sine " "rettigheter, sÃ¥ er det helt etter boka i vÃ¥r tradisjon. NÃ¥r Bill Gates gir " "bort mer enn $20 milliarder til gode formÃ¥l, sÃ¥ er ikke det uforenelig med " "mÃ¥lene til eiendomssystemet. Det er heller tvert i mot, akkurat hva " @@ -22920,16 +22683,6 @@ msgstr "" #. PAGE BREAK 274 #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "When Ms. Boland says that there is something wrong with a meeting \"which " -#| "has as its purpose to disclaim or waive such rights,\" she's saying that " -#| "WIPO has an interest in interfering with the choices of the individuals " -#| "who own intellectual property rights. That somehow, WIPO's objective " -#| "should be to stop an individual from \"waiving\" or \"disclaiming\" an " -#| "intellectual property right. That the interest of WIPO is not just that " -#| "intellectual property rights be maximized, but that they also should be " -#| "exercised in the most extreme and restrictive way possible." msgid "" "When Ms. Boland says that there is something wrong with a meeting " "which has as its purpose to disclaim or waive such rights, " @@ -22941,26 +22694,15 @@ msgid "" "they also should be exercised in the most extreme and restrictive way " "possible." msgstr "" -"NÃ¥r Ms. Boland sier at det er noe galt med et møte \"som har som sitt formÃ¥l " -"Ã¥ fraskrive eller frafalle slike rettigheter\", sÃ¥ sier hun at WIPO har en " +"NÃ¥r Ms. Boland sier at det er noe galt med et møte som har som sitt formÃ¥l " +"Ã¥ fraskrive eller frafalle slike rettigheter, sÃ¥ sier hun at WIPO har en " "interesse i Ã¥ pÃ¥virke valgene til enkeltpersoner som eier immaterielle " "rettigheter. At pÃ¥ en eller annen WIPOs oppdrag bør være Ã¥ stoppe individer " -"fra Ã¥ \"fraskrive\" eller \"frafalle\" seg sine immaterielle rettigheter. " +"fra Ã¥ fraskrive eller frafalle seg sine immaterielle rettigheter. " "At interessen til WIPO ikke bare er maksimale immaterielle rettigheter, men " "ogsÃ¥ at de skal utøves pÃ¥ den mest ekstreme og restriktive mulig mÃ¥ten." #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "There is a history of just such a property system that is well known in " -#| "the Anglo-American tradition. It is called \"feudalism.\" Under " -#| "feudalism, not only was property held by a relatively small number of " -#| "individuals and entities. And not only were the rights that ran with that " -#| "property powerful and extensive. But the feudal system had a strong " -#| "interest in assuring that property holders within that system not weaken " -#| "feudalism by liberating people or property within their control to the " -#| "free market. Feudalism depended upon maximum control and concentration. " -#| "It fought any freedom that might interfere with that control." msgid "" "There is a history of just such a property system that is well known in the " "Anglo-American tradition. It is called feudalism. Under " @@ -22973,7 +22715,7 @@ msgid "" "freedom that might interfere with that control." msgstr "" "Det er en historie om akkurat et slikt eierskapssystem som er velkjent i den " -"anglo-amerikansk tradisjon. Det kalles \"føydalisme\". Under føydalismen " +"anglo-amerikansk tradisjon. Det kalles føydalisme. Under føydalismen " "var eiendommer ikke bare kontrollert av et relativt lite antall individer og " "aktører. Men det føydale systemet hadde en sterk interesse i Ã¥ sikre at " "landeier i systemet ikke svekke føydalismen ved Ã¥ frigjøre folkene og " @@ -23018,16 +22760,6 @@ msgstr "" #. PAGE BREAK 275 #. type: Content of:
-#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "George, you misunderstand Lessig: He's only talking about the world as it " -#| "should be (\"the goal of WIPO, and the goal of any government, should be " -#| "to promote the right balance of intellectual property rights, not simply " -#| "to promote intellectual property rights\"), not as it is. If we were " -#| "talking about the world as it is, then of course Boland didn't say " -#| "anything wrong. But in the world as Lessig would have it, then of course " -#| "she did. Always pay attention to the distinction between Lessig's world " -#| "and ours." msgid "" "George, you misunderstand Lessig: He's only talking about the world as it " "should be (the goal of WIPO, and the goal of any government, should " @@ -23038,9 +22770,9 @@ msgid "" "Always pay attention to the distinction between Lessig's world and ours." msgstr "" "George, du misforstÃ¥r Lessig: Han snakker bare om verden slik den burde være " -"(\"mÃ¥let til WIPO, og mÃ¥let til enhver regjering, bør være Ã¥ fremme den " +"(mÃ¥let til WIPO, og mÃ¥let til enhver regjering, bør være Ã¥ fremme den " "riktige balansen for immaterielle rettigheter, ikke bare Ã¥ fremme " -"immaterielle rettigheter\"), ikke som den er. Hvis vi snakket om verden " +"immaterielle rettigheter), ikke som den er. Hvis vi snakket om verden " "slik den er, sÃ¥ har naturligvis Boland ikke sagt noe galt. Men i verden " "slik Lessig vil at den skal være, er det Ã¥penbart at hun har sagt noe galt. " "En mÃ¥ alltid være oppmerksom pÃ¥ forskjellen mellom Lessigs og vÃ¥r verden." @@ -23066,14 +22798,6 @@ msgstr "" "hvorvidt vÃ¥re myndigheter bør snakke sant eller ikke.)" #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Obviously, however, the poster was not supporting that idea. Instead, " -#| "the poster was ridiculing the very idea that in the real world, the \"goal" -#| "\" of a government should be \"to promote the right balance\" of " -#| "intellectual property. That was obviously silly to him. And it obviously " -#| "betrayed, he believed, my own silly utopianism. \"Typical for an academic," -#| "\" the poster might well have continued." msgid "" "Obviously, however, the poster was not supporting that idea. Instead, the " "poster was ridiculing the very idea that in the real world, the goalmÃ¥let til myndighetene være Ã¥ fremme den riktige balanse for " "immaterielle rettigheter. Det var Ã¥penbart tÃ¥pelig for ham. Og det " -"avslørte Ã¥penbart, trodde han, min egen tÃ¥pelige utopisme. \"Typisk for en " -"akademiker\", kunne forfatteren like gjerne ha fortsatt." +"avslørte Ã¥penbart, trodde han, min egen tÃ¥pelige utopisme. Typisk for en " +"akademiker, kunne forfatteren like gjerne ha fortsatt." #. type: Content of: msgid "" @@ -23101,17 +22825,6 @@ msgstr "" "eget lands historie)." #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "But when it has become silly to suppose that the role of our government " -#| "should be to \"seek balance,\" then count me with the silly, for that " -#| "means that this has become quite serious indeed. If it should be obvious " -#| "to everyone that the government does not seek balance, that the " -#| "government is simply the tool of the most powerful lobbyists, that the " -#| "idea of holding the government to a different standard is absurd, that " -#| "the idea of demanding of the government that it speak truth and not lies " -#| "is just naïve, then who have we, the most powerful democracy in the " -#| "world, become?" msgid "" "But when it has become silly to suppose that the role of our government " "should be to seek balance, then count me with the silly, for " @@ -23124,7 +22837,7 @@ msgid "" "become?" msgstr "" "Men nÃ¥r det har blitt dumt Ã¥ anta at rollen til vÃ¥re myndigheter bør være Ã¥ " -"\"oppnÃ¥ balanse\", da kan du regne meg blant de dumme, for det betyr at " +"oppnÃ¥ balanse, da kan du regne meg blant de dumme, for det betyr at " "dette faktisk har blitt ganske seriøst. Hvis det bør være Ã¥penbart for alle " "at myndighetene ikke søker Ã¥ oppnÃ¥ balanse, at myndighetene ganske enkelt et " "verktøy for de mektigste lobbyistene, at idéen om Ã¥ forvente bedre av " @@ -23222,13 +22935,6 @@ msgstr "" "ille." #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "It is therefore significant that so many would rally to demand " -#| "competition and increased diversity. Still, if the rally is understood as " -#| "being about bigness alone, it is not terribly surprising. We Americans " -#| "have a long history of fighting \"big,\" wisely or not. That we could be " -#| "motivated to fight \"big\" again is not something new." msgid "" "It is therefore significant that so many would rally to demand competition " "and increased diversity. Still, if the rally is understood as being about " @@ -23239,18 +22945,10 @@ msgstr "" "Det er derfor betydningsfullt at sÃ¥ mange vil kjempe for Ã¥ kreve konkurranse " "og økt mangfold. Likevel, hvis kampanjen blir forstÃ¥tt til Ã¥ kun gjelde " "størrelse, sÃ¥ er ikke det veldig overraskende. Vi amerikanere har en lang " -"historie med Ã¥ slÃ¥ss mot \"stort\", klokt eller ikke. At vi kan være " -"motivert til Ã¥ slÃ¥ss mot \"store\" igjen ikke noe nytt." +"historie med Ã¥ slÃ¥ss mot stort, klokt eller ikke. At vi kan være " +"motivert til Ã¥ slÃ¥ss mot store igjen ikke noe nytt." #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "It would be something new, and something very important, if an equal " -#| "number could be rallied to fight the increasing extremism built within " -#| "the idea of \"intellectual property.\" Not because balance is alien to " -#| "our tradition; indeed, as I've argued, balance is our tradition. But " -#| "because the muscle to think critically about the scope of anything called " -#| "\"property\" is not well exercised within this tradition anymore." msgid "" "It would be something new, and something very important, if an equal number " "could be rallied to fight the increasing extremism built within the idea of " @@ -23261,9 +22959,9 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Det ville vært noe nytt, og noe veldig viktig, hvis like mange kan være med " "pÃ¥ en kampanje for Ã¥ bekjempe økende ekstremisme bygget inn i idéen om " -"\"intellektuell eiendom\". Ikke fordi balanse er fremmed for vÃ¥r tradisjon. " +"intellektuell eiendom. Ikke fordi balanse er fremmed for vÃ¥r tradisjon. " "Jeg argumenterer for at balanse er vÃ¥r tradisjon. Men fordi evnen til Ã¥ " -"tenke kritisk pÃ¥ omfanget av alt som kalles \"eiendom\" ikke er lenger er " +"tenke kritisk pÃ¥ omfanget av alt som kalles eiendom ikke er lenger er " "godt trent i denne tradisjonen." #. type: Content of: @@ -23280,21 +22978,6 @@ msgstr "Dylan, Bob" #. f11. #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "John Borland, \"RIAA Sues 261 File Swappers,\" CNET News.com, September " -#| "2003, available at link #65; Paul R. La Monica, \"Music Industry Sues Swappers,\" CNN/Money, 8 " -#| "September 2003, available at link #66; Soni Sangha and Phyllis Furman with Robert Gearty, " -#| "\"Sued for a Song, N.Y.C. 12-Yr-Old Among 261 Cited as Sharers,\" " -#| "New York Daily News, 9 September 2003, 3; Frank " -#| "Ahrens, \"RIAA's Lawsuits Meet Surprised Targets; Single Mother in " -#| "Calif., 12-Year-Old Girl in N.Y. Among Defendants,\" " -#| "Washington Post, 10 September 2003, E1; Katie " -#| "Dean, \"Schoolgirl Settles with RIAA,\" Wired News, 10 September 2003, available at link #67." msgid "" "John Borland, RIAA Sues 261 File Swappers, CNET News.com, " "September 2003, available at , 10 September 2003, available at link #67." msgstr "" -"John Borland, \"RIAA Sues 261 File Swappers,\" CNET News.com, september " +"John Borland, RIAA Sues 261 File Swappers, CNET News.com, september " "2003, tilgjengelig fra link " -"#65; Paul R. La Monica, \"Music Industry Sues Swappers,\" CNN/Money, " +"#65; Paul R. La Monica, Music Industry Sues Swappers, CNN/Money, " "8 september 2003, tilgjengelig fra link #66; Soni Sangha og Phyllis Furman sammen med Robert Gearty, " -"\"Sued for a Song, N.Y.C. 12-Yr-Old Among 261 Cited as Sharers,\" " +"Sued for a Song, N.Y.C. 12-Yr-Old Among 261 Cited as Sharers, " "New York Daily News, 9. september 2003, 3; Frank " -"Ahrens, \"RIAA's Lawsuits Meet Surprised Targets; Single Mother in Calif., " -"12-Year-Old Girl in N.Y. Among Defendants,\" Washington Post, 10. september 2003, E1; Katie Dean, \"Schoolgirl Settles with " -"RIAA,\" Wired News, 10. september 2003, tilgjengelig " +"Ahrens, RIAA's Lawsuits Meet Surprised Targets; Single Mother in Calif., " +"12-Year-Old Girl in N.Y. Among Defendants, Washington Post, 10. september 2003, E1; Katie Dean, Schoolgirl Settles with " +"RIAA, Wired News, 10. september 2003, tilgjengelig " "fra link #67." #. f12. #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Jon Wiederhorn, \"Eminem Gets Sued … by a Little Old Lady,\" mtv." -#| "com, 17 September 2003, available at link #68." msgid "" "Jon Wiederhorn, Eminem Gets Sued … by a Little Old Lady, mtv.com, 17 September 2003, available at link #68." msgstr "" -"Jon Wiederhorn, \"Eminem Gets Sued … by a Little Old Lady,\" mtv.com, " +"Jon Wiederhorn, Eminem Gets Sued … by a Little Old Lady, mtv.com, " "17. september 2003, tilgjengelig fra link #68." #. f13. #. PAGE BREAK 334 #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Kenji Hall, Associated Press, \"Japanese Book May Be Inspiration for " -#| "Dylan Songs,\" Kansascity.com, 9 July 2003, available at link #69." msgid "" "Kenji Hall, Associated Press, Japanese Book May Be Inspiration for " "Dylan Songs, Kansascity.com, 9 July 2003, available at link #69." msgstr "" -"Kenji Hall, Associated Press, \"Japanese Book May Be Inspiration for Dylan " -"Songs,\" Kansascity.com, 9. juli 2003, tilgjengelig fra Japanese Book May Be Inspiration for Dylan " +"Songs, Kansascity.com, 9. juli 2003, tilgjengelig fra link #69." #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "As I write these final words, the news is filled with stories about the " -#| "RIAA lawsuits against almost three hundred individuals. Eminem has just been sued for \"sampling\" " -#| "someone else's music. The story " -#| "about Bob Dylan \"stealing\" from a Japanese author has just finished " -#| "making the rounds. An insider " -#| "from Hollywood—who insists he must remain anonymous—reports " -#| "\"an amazing conversation with these studio guys. They've got " -#| "extraordinary [old] content that they'd love to use but can't because " -#| "they can't begin to clear the rights. They've got scores of kids who " -#| "could do amazing things with the content, but it would take scores of " -#| "lawyers to clean it first.\" Congressmen are talking about deputizing " -#| "computer viruses to bring down computers thought to violate the law. " -#| "Universities are threatening expulsion for kids who use a computer to " -#| "share content." msgid "" "As I write these final words, the news is filled with stories about the RIAA " "lawsuits against almost three hundred individuals. Eminem har nettopp blitt saksøkt for Ã¥ ha \"samplet\" noen " +"id=\"0\"/> Eminem har nettopp blitt saksøkt for Ã¥ ha samplet noen " "andres musikk. Historien om " -"hvordan Bob Dylan har \"stjÃ¥let\" fra en japansk forfatter har nettopp gÃ¥tt " +"hvordan Bob Dylan har stjÃ¥let fra en japansk forfatter har nettopp gÃ¥tt " "verden over. En pÃ¥ innsiden i " "Hollywood—som insisterer pÃ¥ at han mÃ¥ forbli anonym—rapporterer " -"\"en utrolig samtale med disse studiofolkene. De har fantastisk [gammelt] " +"en utrolig samtale med disse studiofolkene. De har fantastisk [gammelt] " "innhold som de ville elske Ã¥ bruke, men det kan de ikke pÃ¥ grunn av at de " "først mÃ¥ klarere rettighetene. De har hauger med ungdommer som kunne gjøre " "fantastiske ting med innholdet, men det vil først kreve hauger med advokater " -"for Ã¥ klarere det først\". Kongressrepresentanter snakker om Ã¥ gi datavirus " +"for Ã¥ klarere det først. Kongressrepresentanter snakker om Ã¥ gi datavirus " "politimyndighet for Ã¥ ta ned datamaskiner som antas Ã¥ bryte loven. " "Universiteter truer med Ã¥ utvise ungdommer som bruker en datamaskin for Ã¥ " "dele innhold." @@ -23416,53 +23072,28 @@ msgstr "Gil, Gilberto" #. f14. #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "\"BBC Plans to Open Up Its Archive to the Public,\" BBC press release, 24 " -#| "August 2003, available at link #70." msgid "" "BBC Plans to Open Up Its Archive to the Public, BBC press " "release, 24 August 2003, available at link #70." msgstr "" -"\"BBC Plans to Open Up Its Archive to the Public,\" pressemelding fra BBC, " +"BBC Plans to Open Up Its Archive to the Public, pressemelding fra BBC, " "24. august 2003, tilgjengelig fra link #70." #. f15. #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "\"Creative Commons and Brazil,\" Creative Commons Weblog, 6 August 2003, " -#| "available at link #71." msgid "" "Creative Commons and Brazil, Creative Commons Weblog, 6 " "August 2003, available at link " "#71." msgstr "" -"\"Creative Commons and Brazil,\" Creative Commons Weblog, 6. august 2003, " +"Creative Commons and Brazil, Creative Commons Weblog, 6. august 2003, " "tilgjengelig fra link #71." #. PAGE BREAK 278 #. type: Content of: -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Yet on the other side of the Atlantic, the BBC has just announced that it " -#| "will build a \"Creative Archive,\" from which British citizens can " -#| "download BBC content, and rip, mix, and burn it. And in Brazil, the culture minister, Gilberto " -#| "Gil, himself a folk hero of Brazilian music, has joined with Creative " -#| "Commons to release content and free licenses in that Latin American " -#| "country. I've told a dark story. " -#| "The truth is more mixed. A technology has given us a new freedom. Slowly, " -#| "some begin to understand that this freedom need not mean anarchy. We can " -#| "carry a free culture into the twenty-first century, without artists " -#| "losing and without the potential of digital technology being destroyed. " -#| "It will take some thought, and more importantly, it will take some will " -#| "to transform the RCAs of our day into the Causbys." msgid "" "Yet on the other side of the Atlantic, the BBC has just announced that it " "will build a Creative Archive, from which British citizens " @@ -23479,7 +23110,7 @@ msgid "" "of our day into the Causbys." msgstr "" "I mens pÃ¥ andre siden av Atlanteren har BBC nettopp annonsert at de vil " -"bygge opp et \"kreativt arkiv\" som britiske borgere kan laste ned BBC-" +"bygge opp et kreativt arkiv som britiske borgere kan laste ned BBC-" "innhold fra, og rippe, mikse og brenne det ut. Og i Brasil har kulturministeren, Gilberto Gil, i seg selv en " "folkehelt i brasiliansk musikk, slÃ¥tt seg sammen med Creative Commons for Ã¥ " @@ -23875,13 +23506,6 @@ msgstr "" "dele programvare ville være grundig svekket." #. type: Content of:
-#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Therefore, in 1984, Stallman began a project to build a free operating " -#| "system, so that at least a strain of free software would survive. That " -#| "was the birth of the GNU project, into which Linus Torvalds's \"Linux\" " -#| "kernel was added to produce the GNU/Linux operating system. " msgid "" "Therefore, in 1984, Stallman began a project to build a free operating " "system, so that at least a strain of free software would survive. That was " @@ -23892,7 +23516,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Derfor, i 1984, startet Stallmann på et prosjekt for å bygge et fritt " "operativsystem, slik i hvert fall en flik av fri programvare skulle " -"overleve. Dette var starten på GNU-prosjektet, som \"Linux\"-kjernen til " +"overleve. Dette var starten på GNU-prosjektet, som Linux-kjernen til " "Linus Torvalds senere ble lagt til i for å produsere GNU/Linux-" "operativsystemet. " @@ -24859,17 +24483,12 @@ msgstr "" #. f3. #. type: Content of:
-#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "\"A Radical Rethink,\" Economist, 366:8308 (25 " -#| "January 2003): 15, available at link #74." msgid "" "A Radical Rethink, Economist, 366:8308 " "(25 January 2003): 15, available at link #74." msgstr "" -"\"A Radical Rethink,\" Economist, 366:8308 (25. " +"A Radical Rethink, Economist, 366:8308 (25. " "januar 2003): 15, tilgjengelig fra link #74." @@ -24917,17 +24536,6 @@ msgstr "" #. (2) #. PAGE BREAK 298 #. type: Content of:
-#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Keep it simple: The line between the public domain " -#| "and protected content must be kept clear. Lawyers like the fuzziness of " -#| "\"fair use,\" and the distinction between \"ideas\" and \"expression.\" " -#| "That kind of law gives them lots of work. But our framers had a simpler " -#| "idea in mind: protected versus unprotected. The value of short terms is " -#| "that there is little need to build exceptions into copyright when the " -#| "term itself is kept short. A clear and active \"lawyer-free zone\" makes " -#| "the complexities of \"fair use\" and \"idea/expression\" less necessary " -#| "to navigate." msgid "" "Keep it simple: The line between the public domain and " "protected content must be kept clear. Lawyers like the fuzziness of " @@ -24941,12 +24549,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Gjør det enkelt: Skillelinjen mellom verker uten " "opphavsrettslig vern og innhold som er beskyttet må forbli klart. Advokater " -"liker uklarheten som \"rimelig bruk\" og forskjellen mellom \"idéer\" og " -"\"uttrykk\" har. Denne type lovverk gir dem en masse arbeid. Men de som " +"liker uklarheten som rimelig bruk og forskjellen mellom idéer og " +"uttrykk har. Denne type lovverk gir dem en masse arbeid. Men de som " "skrev grunnloven hadde en enklere idé: vernet versus ikke vernet. Verdien av " "korte vernetider er at det er lite behov for å bygge inn unntak i " -"opphavsretten når vernetiden holdes kort. En klar og aktiv \"advokat-fri " -"sone\" gjør komplesiteten av \"rimelig bruk\" og \"idé/uttrykk\" mindre " +"opphavsretten når vernetiden holdes kort. En klar og aktiv advokat-fri " +"sone gjør komplesiteten av rimelig bruk og idé/uttrykk mindre " "nødvendig å håndtere." #. f4. @@ -25018,12 +24626,6 @@ msgstr "" "det samme." #. type: Content of:
-#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "No doubt the extremists will call these ideas \"radical.\" (After all, I " -#| "call them \"extremists.\") But again, the term I recommended was longer " -#| "than the term under Richard Nixon. How \"radical\" can it be to ask for a " -#| "more generous copyright law than Richard Nixon presided over?" msgid "" "No doubt the extremists will call these ideas radical. (After " "all, I call them extremists.) But again, the term I " @@ -25031,9 +24633,9 @@ msgid "" "radical can it be to ask for a more generous copyright law " "than Richard Nixon presided over?" msgstr "" -"Uten tvil vil ekstremistene kalle disse idéene \"radikale\". (Tross alt, så " -"kaller jeg dem \"ekstremister\".) Men igjen, vernetiden jeg anbefalte var " -"lengre enn vernetiden under Richard Nixon. hvor \"radikalt\" kan det være å " +"Uten tvil vil ekstremistene kalle disse idéene radikale. (Tross alt, så " +"kaller jeg dem ekstremister.) Men igjen, vernetiden jeg anbefalte var " +"lengre enn vernetiden under Richard Nixon. hvor radikalt kan det være å " "be om en mer sjenerøs opphavsrettighet enn da Richard Nixon var president?" #. type: Content of:
@@ -25437,17 +25039,12 @@ msgstr "" #. f8. #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para> -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "See, for example, \"Music Media Watch,\" The J@pan Inc. Newsletter, 3 " -#| "April 2002, available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/" -#| "\">link #76</ulink>." msgid "" "See, for example, <quote>Music Media Watch,</quote> The J@pan Inc. " "Newsletter, 3 April 2002, available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/" "notes/\">link #76</ulink>." msgstr "" -"For eksempel, se, \"Music Media Watch,\" The J@pan Inc. Newsletter, 3 April " +"For eksempel, se, <quote>Music Media Watch</quote>, The J@pan Inc. Newsletter, 3 April " "2002, tilgjengelig fra <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link " "#76</ulink>." @@ -25690,42 +25287,6 @@ msgid "Promises to Keep (Fisher)" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para> -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "William Fisher, <citetitle>Digital Music: Problems and Possibilities</" -#| "citetitle> (last revised: 10 October 2000), available at <ulink url=" -#| "\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #77</ulink>; William Fisher, " -#| "<citetitle>Promises to Keep: Technology, Law, and the Future of " -#| "Entertainment</citetitle> (forthcoming) (Stanford: Stanford University " -#| "Press, 2004), ch. 6, available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/" -#| "notes/\">link #78</ulink>. Professor Netanel has proposed a related idea " -#| "that would exempt noncommercial sharing from the reach of copyright and " -#| "would establish compensation to artists to balance any loss. See Neil " -#| "Weinstock Netanel, \"Impose a Noncommercial Use Levy to Allow Free P2P " -#| "File Sharing,\" available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/" -#| "\">link #79</ulink>. For other proposals, see Lawrence Lessig, \"Who's " -#| "Holding Back Broadband?\" <citetitle>Washington Post</citetitle>, 8 " -#| "January 2002, A17; Philip S. Corwin on behalf of Sharman Networks, A " -#| "Letter to Senator Joseph R. Biden, Jr., Chairman of the Senate Foreign " -#| "Relations Committee, 26 February 2002, available at <ulink url=\"http://" -#| "free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #80</ulink>; Serguei Osokine, <citetitle>A " -#| "Quick Case for Intellectual Property Use Fee (IPUF)</citetitle>, 3 March " -#| "2002, available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #81</" -#| "ulink>; Jefferson Graham, \"Kazaa, Verizon Propose to Pay Artists " -#| "Directly,\" <citetitle>USA Today</citetitle>, 13 May 2002, available at " -#| "<ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #82</ulink>; Steven M. " -#| "Cherry, \"Getting Copyright Right,\" IEEE Spectrum Online, 1 July 2002, " -#| "available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #83</" -#| "ulink>; Declan McCullagh, \"Verizon's Copyright Campaign,\" CNET News." -#| "com, 27 August 2002, available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/" -#| "notes/\">link #84</ulink>. Fisher's proposal is very similar to Richard " -#| "Stallman's proposal for DAT. Unlike Fisher's, Stallman's proposal would " -#| "not pay artists directly proportionally, though more popular artists " -#| "would get more than the less popular. As is typical with Stallman, his " -#| "proposal predates the current debate by about a decade. See <ulink url=" -#| "\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #85</ulink>. <placeholder type=" -#| "\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/> " -#| "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"2\"/>" msgid "" "William Fisher, <citetitle>Digital Music: Problems and Possibilities</" "citetitle> (last revised: 10 October 2000), available at <ulink url=\"http://" @@ -25771,22 +25332,22 @@ msgstr "" "\">link #78</ulink>. Professor Netanel har foreslÃ¥tt en relatert idé som " "ville gjøre at opphavsretten ikke gjelder ikke-kommersiell deling fra og " "ville etablere kompenasjon til kunstnere for Ã¥ balansere eventuelle tap. Se " -"Neil Weinstock Netanel, \"Impose a Noncommercial Use Levy to Allow Free P2P " -"File Sharing,\" tilgjengelig fra <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/" -"\">link #79</ulink>. For andre forslag, se Lawrence Lessig, \"Who's Holding " -"Back Broadband?\" <citetitle>Washington Post</citetitle>, 8. january 2002, " +"Neil Weinstock Netanel, <quote>Impose a Noncommercial Use Levy to Allow Free P2P " +"File Sharing</quote>, tilgjengelig fra <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/" +"\">link #79</ulink>. For andre forslag, se Lawrence Lessig, <quote>Who's Holding " +"Back Broadband?</quote> <citetitle>Washington Post</citetitle>, 8. january 2002, " "A17; Philip S. Corwin pÃ¥ vegne av Sharman Networks, Et brev til Senator " "Joseph R. Biden, Jr., leder i the Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 26. " "februar. 2002, tilgjengelig fra <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/" "\">link #80</ulink>; Serguei Osokine, <citetitle>A Quick Case for " "Intellectual Property Use Fee (IPUF)</citetitle>, 3. mars 2002, tilgjengelig " "fra <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #81</ulink>; Jefferson " -"Graham, \"Kazaa, Verizon Propose to Pay Artists Directly,\" <citetitle>USA " +"Graham, <quote>Kazaa, Verizon Propose to Pay Artists Directly</quote>, <citetitle>USA " "Today</citetitle>, 13. mai 2002, tilgjengelig fra <ulink url=\"http://free-" -"culture.cc/notes/\">link #82</ulink>; Steven M. Cherry, \"Getting Copyright " -"Right,\" IEEE Spectrum Online, 1. juli 2002, tilgjengelig fra <ulink url=" +"culture.cc/notes/\">link #82</ulink>; Steven M. Cherry, <quote>Getting Copyright " +"Right</quote>, IEEE Spectrum Online, 1. juli 2002, tilgjengelig fra <ulink url=" "\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #83</ulink>; Declan McCullagh, " -"\"Verizon's Copyright Campaign,\" CNET News.com, 27. august 2002, " +"<quote>Verizon's Copyright Campaign</quote>, CNET News.com, 27. august 2002, " "tilgjengelig fra <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #84</" "ulink>. Forslaget fra Fisher er ganske likt forslaget til Richard Stallman " "nÃ¥r det gjelder DAT. I motsetning til Fishers forslag, ville Stallmanns " @@ -25976,21 +25537,15 @@ msgstr "" "den grad faktiske skade kan pÃ¥vises." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "But what if \"piracy\" doesn't disappear? What if there is a competitive " -#| "market providing content at a low cost, but a significant number of " -#| "consumers continue to \"take\" content for nothing? Should the law do " -#| "something then?" msgid "" "But what if <quote>piracy</quote> doesn't disappear? What if there is a " "competitive market providing content at a low cost, but a significant number " "of consumers continue to <quote>take</quote> content for nothing? Should the " "law do something then?" msgstr "" -"Men hva om \"piratvirksomheten\" ikke forsvinner? Hva om det finnes et " +"Men hva om <quote>piratvirksomheten</quote> ikke forsvinner? Hva om det finnes et " "konkurranseutsatt marked som tilbyr innhold til en lav kostnad, men et " -"signifikant antall av forbrukere fortsetter Ã¥ \"ta\" innhold uten Ã¥ betale? " +"signifikant antall av forbrukere fortsetter Ã¥ <quote>ta</quote> innhold uten Ã¥ betale? " "Burde loven gjøre noe da?" #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> @@ -26068,31 +25623,16 @@ msgstr "" #. f10. #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para> -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "Lawrence Lessig, \"Copyright's First Amendment\" (Melville B. Nimmer " -#| "Memorial Lecture), <citetitle>UCLA Law Review</citetitle> 48 (2001): " -#| "1057, 1069–70." msgid "" "Lawrence Lessig, <quote>Copyright's First Amendment</quote> (Melville B. " "Nimmer Memorial Lecture), <citetitle>UCLA Law Review</citetitle> 48 (2001): " "1057, 1069–70." msgstr "" -"Lawrence Lessig, \"Copyright's First Amendment\" (Melville B. Nimmer " +"Lawrence Lessig, <quote>Copyright's First Amendment</quote> (Melville B. Nimmer " "Memorial Lecture), <citetitle>UCLA law Review</citetitle> 48 (2001): 1057, " "1069–70." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para> -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "The evidence of this bending is compelling. I'm attacked as a \"radical\" " -#| "by many within the profession, yet the positions that I am advocating are " -#| "precisely the positions of some of the most moderate and significant " -#| "figures in the history of this branch of the law. Many, for example, " -#| "thought crazy the challenge that we brought to the Copyright Term " -#| "Extension Act. Yet just thirty years ago, the dominant scholar and " -#| "practitioner in the field of copyright, Melville Nimmer, thought it " -#| "obvious.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgid "" "The evidence of this bending is compelling. I'm attacked as a " "<quote>radical</quote> by many within the profession, yet the positions that " @@ -26103,8 +25643,8 @@ msgid "" "practitioner in the field of copyright, Melville Nimmer, thought it obvious." "<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"Indisiene for slik bøyning er overbevisene. Jeg er angrepet som en \"radikal" -"\" av mange innenfor yrket, og likevel er meningene jeg argumenterer for " +"Indisiene for slik bøyning er overbevisene. Jeg er angrepet som en <quote>radikal" +"</quote> av mange innenfor yrket, og likevel er meningene jeg argumenterer for " "nøyaktig de meningene til mange av de mest moderate og betydningsfulle " "personene i historien til denne delen av loven. Mange trodde for eksempel at " "vÃ¥r utfordring til lovforslaget om Ã¥ utvide opphavsrettens vernetid var " @@ -26123,23 +25663,6 @@ msgstr "" "om vÃ¥r manglende evne til Ã¥ faktisk ta inn over oss hva loven koster." #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><section><section><para><footnote><para> -#, fuzzy -#| msgid "" -#| "A good example is the work of Professor Stan Liebowitz. Liebowitz is to " -#| "be commended for his careful review of data about infringement, leading " -#| "him to question his own publicly stated position—twice. He " -#| "initially predicted that downloading would substantially harm the " -#| "industry. He then revised his view in light of the data, and he has since " -#| "revised his view again. Compare Stan J. Liebowitz, <citetitle>Rethinking " -#| "the Network Economy: The True Forces That Drive the Digital Marketplace</" -#| "citetitle> (New York: Amacom, 2002), (reviewing his original view but " -#| "expressing skepticism) with Stan J. Liebowitz, \"Will MP3s Annihilate " -#| "the Record Industry?\" working paper, June 2003, available at <ulink url=" -#| "\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/\">link #86</ulink>. Liebowitz's careful " -#| "analysis is extremely valuable in estimating the effect of file-sharing " -#| "technology. In my view, however, he underestimates the costs of the legal " -#| "system. See, for example, <citetitle>Rethinking</citetitle>, " -#| "174–76. <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>" msgid "" "A good example is the work of Professor Stan Liebowitz. Liebowitz is to be " "commended for his careful review of data about infringement, leading him to " @@ -26165,7 +25688,7 @@ msgstr "" "pÃ¥ nytt. Sammenlign Stan J. Liebowitz, <citetitle>Rethinking the Network " "Economy: The True Forces That Drive the Digital Marketplace</citetitle> (New " "York: Amacom, 2002), (gikk igjennom hans originale syn men uttrykte skepsis) " -"med Stan J. Liebowitz, \"Will MP3s Annihilate the Record Industry?\" " +"med Stan J. Liebowitz, <quote>Will MP3s Annihilate the Record Industry?</quote> " "artikkelutkast, juni 2003, tilgjengelig fra <ulink url=\"http://free-culture." "cc/notes/\">link #86</ulink>. Den nøye analysen til Liebowitz er ekstremt " "verdifull i sin estimering av effekten av fildelingsteknologi. Etter mitt "