From: Petter Reinholdtsen Date: Sat, 14 Jul 2012 21:40:21 +0000 (+0200) Subject: Flere index-oppføringer. X-Git-Tag: edition-2015-10-10~2462 X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-free-culture-lessig.git/commitdiff_plain/504fc926219e6531ee45285697e8f85ff6844380 Flere index-oppføringer. --- diff --git a/freeculture.xml b/freeculture.xml index 4bbd52f..890a122 100644 --- a/freeculture.xml +++ b/freeculture.xml @@ -2238,21 +2238,20 @@ York Times, 16 January 2003, G5. -This different cycle is possible because the same commercial - pressures +This different cycle is possible because the same commercial pressures don't exist with blogs as with other ventures. Television and newspapers are commercial entities. They must work to keep attention. -If they lose readers, they lose revenue. Like sharks, they must move on. +If they lose readers, they lose revenue. Like sharks, they must move +on. But bloggers don't have a similar constraint. They can obsess, they -can focus, they can get serious. If a particular blogger writes a - particularly -interesting story, more and more people link to that story. And as -the number of links to a particular story increases, it rises in the ranks -of stories. People read what is popular; what is popular has been - selected -by a very democratic process of peer-generated rankings. +can focus, they can get serious. If a particular blogger writes a +particularly interesting story, more and more people link to that +story. And as the number of links to a particular story increases, it +rises in the ranks of stories. People read what is popular; what is +popular has been selected by a very democratic process of +peer-generated rankings. There's a second way, as well, in which blogs have a different cycle @@ -2265,68 +2264,60 @@ have to take the conflict of interest" out of journalism, Winer told me. conflict of interest is so easily disclosed that you know you can sort of get it out of the way." +CNN These conflicts become more important as media becomes more -concentrated (more on this below). A concentrated media can hide -more from the public than an unconcentrated media can—as CNN -admitted it did after the Iraq war because it was afraid of the - consequences -to its own employees. +concentrated (more on this below). A concentrated media can hide more +from the public than an unconcentrated media can—as CNN admitted +it did after the Iraq war because it was afraid of the consequences to +its own employees. Telephone interview with David Winer, 16 April 2003. -It also needs to sustain a more - coherent -account. (In the middle of the Iraq war, I read a post on the -Internet from someone who was at that time listening to a satellite - uplink -with a reporter in Iraq. The New York headquarters was telling the -reporter over and over that her account of the war was too bleak: She -needed to offer a more optimistic story. When she told New York that -wasn't warranted, they told her that they were writing "the story.") - - -Blog space gives amateurs a way to enter the debate—"amateur" not -in the sense of inexperienced, but in the sense of an Olympic athlete, -meaning not paid by anyone to give their reports. It allows for a much -broader range of input into a story, as reporting on the Columbia - disaster -revealed, when hundreds from across the southwest United States -turned to the Internet to retell what they had seen. +It also needs to sustain a more coherent +account. (In the middle of the Iraq war, I read a post on the Internet +from someone who was at that time listening to a satellite uplink with +a reporter in Iraq. The New York headquarters was telling the reporter +over and over that her account of the war was too bleak: She needed to +offer a more optimistic story. When she told New York that wasn't +warranted, they told her that they were writing "the story.") + + Blog space gives amateurs a way to enter the +debate—"amateur" not in the sense of inexperienced, but in the +sense of an Olympic athlete, meaning not paid by anyone to give their +reports. It allows for a much broader range of input into a story, as +reporting on the Columbia disaster revealed, when hundreds from across +the southwest United States turned to the Internet to retell what they +had seen. -John Schwartz, "Loss of the Shuttle: The Internet; A Wealth of - Information -Online," New York Times, 2 February 2003, A28; Staci D. Kramer, -"Shuttle Disaster Coverage Mixed, but Strong Overall," Online - Journalism -Review, 2 February 2003, available at +John Schwartz, "Loss of the Shuttle: The Internet; A Wealth of +Information Online," New York Times, 2 February 2003, A28; Staci +D. Kramer, "Shuttle Disaster Coverage Mixed, but Strong Overall," +Online Journalism Review, 2 February 2003, available at link #10. -And it drives -readers to read across the range of accounts and "triangulate," as Winer -puts it, the truth. Blogs, Winer says, are "communicating directly with -our constituency, and the middle man is out of it"—with all the - benefits, -and costs, that might entail. +And it drives readers to read across the range of accounts and +"triangulate," as Winer puts it, the truth. Blogs, Winer says, are +"communicating directly with our constituency, and the middle man is +out of it"—with all the benefits, and costs, that might entail. -Winer is optimistic about the future of journalism infected with -blogs. "It's going to become an essential skill," Winer predicts, for - public -figures and increasingly for private figures as well. It's not clear that -"journalism" is happy about this—some journalists have been told to -curtail their blogging. +Winer is optimistic about the future of journalism infected +with blogs. "It's going to become an essential skill," Winer predicts, +for public figures and increasingly for private figures as well. It's +not clear that "journalism" is happy about this—some journalists +have been told to curtail their blogging. +CNN + See Michael Falcone, "Does an Editor's Pencil Ruin a Web Log?" New York Times, 29 September 2003, C4. ("Not all news organizations have -been as accepting of employees who blog. Kevin Sites, a CNN - correspondent -in Iraq who started a blog about his reporting of the war on March 9, -stopped posting 12 days later at his bosses' request. Last year Steve - Olafson, -a Houston Chronicle reporter, was fired for keeping a personal Web log, -published under a pseudonym, that dealt with some of the issues and -people he was covering.") +been as accepting of employees who blog. Kevin Sites, a CNN +correspondent in Iraq who started a blog about his reporting of the +war on March 9, stopped posting 12 days later at his bosses' +request. Last year Steve Olafson, a Houston Chronicle reporter, was +fired for keeping a personal Web log, published under a pseudonym, +that dealt with some of the issues and people he was covering.") But it is clear that we are still in transition. "A @@ -3072,28 +3063,28 @@ something for nothing. Cable TV was also born of a kind of piracy. -When cable entrepreneurs first started wiring communities with -cable television in 1948, most refused to pay broadcasters for the - content -that they echoed to their customers. Even when the cable - companies +When cable entrepreneurs first started wiring communities with cable +television in 1948, most refused to pay broadcasters for the content +that they echoed to their customers. Even when the cable companies started selling access to television broadcasts, they refused to pay for what they sold. Cable companies were thus Napsterizing - broadcasters' -content, but more egregiously than anything Napster ever did— -Napster never charged for the content it enabled others to give away. +broadcasters' content, but more egregiously than anything Napster ever +did— Napster never charged for the content it enabled others to +give away. Anello, Douglas +Burdick, Quentin Broadcasters and copyright owners were quick to attack this theft. Rosel Hyde, chairman of the FCC, viewed the practice as a kind of "unfair and potentially destructive competition." -Copyright Law Revision—CATV: Hearing on S. 1006 Before the Subcommittee -on Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights of the Senate Committee -on the Judiciary, 89th Cong., 2nd sess., 78 (1966) (statement of -Rosel H. Hyde, chairman of the Federal Communications Commission). +Copyright Law Revision—CATV: Hearing on S. 1006 Before the +Subcommittee on Patents, Trademarks, and Copyrights of the Senate +Committee on the Judiciary, 89th Cong., 2nd sess., 78 (1966) +(statement of Rosel H. Hyde, chairman of the Federal Communications +Commission). There may have been a "public interest" in spreading the reach of cable TV, but as Douglas Anello, general counsel to the National Association