X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-free-culture-lessig.git/blobdiff_plain/283a273ae434185c67be3e4d816b0ea7f8f53356..b09fa7ecdf82c8e7dfa8f9abcb6ea1e47f1e458d:/freeculture.nb.po diff --git a/freeculture.nb.po b/freeculture.nb.po index 8211faf..20e1dcb 100644 --- a/freeculture.nb.po +++ b/freeculture.nb.po @@ -3,10 +3,11 @@ # # Translators: # Petter Reinholdtsen , 2012. +# Anders Hagen Jarmund , 2012. msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Free Culture by Lawrence Lessig\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-07-31 12:08+0300\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2012-07-31 17:52+0300\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2012-07-13 21:50+0200\n" "Last-Translator: Petter Reinholdtsen \n" "Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål \n" @@ -882,20 +883,20 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of:
msgid "" "A glass of water was poured before the microphone in Yonkers; it sounded " -"like a glass of water being poured. . . . A paper was crumpled and torn; it " -"sounded like paper and not like a crackling forest fire. . . . Sousa marches " -"were played from records and a piano solo and guitar number were " -"performed. . . . The music was projected with a live-ness rarely if ever " +"like a glass of water being poured. … A paper was crumpled and torn; " +"it sounded like paper and not like a crackling forest fire. … Sousa " +"marches were played from records and a piano solo and guitar number were " +"performed. … The music was projected with a live-ness rarely if ever " "heard before from a radio \"music box.\"" msgstr "" "Et glass vann ble fylt opp foran mikrofonen i Yonkers, og det hørtes ut som " -"et plass som ble fylt opp. . . . Et papir ble krøllet og revet opp, og det " -"hørtes ut som papir og ikke som en sprakende skogbrann. . . . Sousa-marsjer " -"ble spilt av fra plater og en pianosolo og et gitarnummer ble utført. . . . " -"Musikken ble presentert med en livaktighet som sjeldent om noen gang før " -"hadde vært hørt fra en radio-\"musikk-boks\"." +"et glass som ble fylt opp. … Et papir ble krøllet og revet opp, og " +"det hørtes ut som papir og ikke som en sprakende skogbrann. … Sousa-" +"marsjer ble spilt av fra plater og en pianosolo og et gitarnummer ble " +"utført. … Musikken ble presentert med en livaktighet som sjeldent om " +"noen gang før hadde vært hørt fra en radio-\"musikk-boks\"." #. PAGE BREAK 20 #. type: Content of: @@ -973,15 +974,15 @@ msgid "" "The forces for FM, largely engineering, could not overcome the weight of " "strategy devised by the sales, patent, and legal offices to subdue this " "threat to corporate position. For FM, if allowed to develop unrestrained, " -"posed . . . a complete reordering of radio power . . . and the eventual " -"overthrow of the carefully restricted AM system on which RCA had grown to " -"power." +"posed … a complete reordering of radio power … and the " +"eventual overthrow of the carefully restricted AM system on which RCA had " +"grown to power." msgstr "" "Kreftene til fordel for FM, i hovedsak ingeniørfaglige, kunne ikke overvinne " "tyngden til strategien utviklet av avdelingene for salg, patenter og juss " "for Ã¥ undertrykke denne trusselen til selskapets posisjon. For FM utgjorde, " -"hvis det fikk utvikle seg uten begrensninger . . . en komplett endring i " -"maktforholdene rundt radio . . . og muligens fjerningen av det nøye " +"hvis det fikk utvikle seg uten begrensninger … en komplett endring i " +"maktforholdene rundt radio … og muligens fjerningen av det nøye " "begrensede AM-systemet som var grunnlaget for RCA stigning til makt." "" @@ -2563,18 +2564,18 @@ msgid "" "Yet this illegal market exists and indeed flourishes in Japan, and in the " "view of many, it is precisely because it exists that Japanese manga " "flourish. As American graphic novelist Judd Winick said to me, \"The early " -"days of comics in America are very much like what's going on in Japan " -"now. . . . American comics were born out of copying each other. . . . That's " -"how [the artists] learn to draw—by going into comic books and not " -"tracing them, but looking at them and copying them\" and building from them." -"" +"days of comics in America are very much like what's going on in Japan now. " +"… American comics were born out of copying each other. … " +"That's how [the artists] learn to draw—by going into comic books and " +"not tracing them, but looking at them and copying them\" and building from " +"them." msgstr "" "Likevel eksisterer dette illegale markedet og faktisk blomstrer i Japan, og " "etter manges syn er det nettopp fordi det eksisterer at japansk manga " "blomstrer. Som USAs tegneserieskaper Judd Winick fortalte meg, \"I " "amerikansk tegneseriers første dager var det ganske likt det som foregÃ¥r i " -"Japan i dag. . . . Amerikanske tegneserier kom til verden ved Ã¥ kopiere " -"hverandre. . . . Det er slik [kunstnerne] lærer Ã¥ tegne—ved Ã¥ se i " +"Japan i dag. … Amerikanske tegneserier kom til verden ved Ã¥ kopiere " +"hverandre. … Det er slik [kunstnerne] lærer Ã¥ tegne—ved Ã¥ se i " "tegneseriebøker og ikke følge streken, men ved Ã¥ se pÃ¥ dem og kopiere dem\" " "og bygge basert pÃ¥ dem." @@ -3011,13 +3012,21 @@ msgstr "" msgid "" "The principle of the Kodak system is the separation of the work that any " "person whomsoever can do in making a photograph, from the work that only an " -"expert can do. . . . We furnish anybody, man, woman or child, who has " +"expert can do. … We furnish anybody, man, woman or child, who has " "sufficient intelligence to point a box straight and press a button, with an " "instrument which altogether removes from the practice of photography the " "necessity for exceptional facilities or, in fact, any special knowledge of " "the art. It can be employed without preliminary study, without a darkroom " "and without chemicals." msgstr "" +"Prinsippet til Kodak-systemet er skillet mellom arbeidet som enhver kan " +"utføre nÃ¥r en tar fotografier, fra arbeidet som kun en ekspert kan gjøre. " +"… Vi utstyrte alle, menn, kvinner og barn, som hadde tilstrekkelig " +"intelligens til Ã¥ peke en boks i riktig retning og trykke pÃ¥ en knapp, med " +"et instrument som helt fjernet fra praksisen med Ã¥ fotografere " +"nødvendigheten av uvanlig utstyr eller for den del, noe som helst spesiell " +"kunskap om kunstarten. Det kan tas i bruk uten forutgÃ¥ende studier, uten et " +"mørkerom og uten kjemikalier." #. f3 #. type: Content of: @@ -3056,15 +3065,23 @@ msgid "" "they would never otherwise see. Amateur photography gave them the ability to " "record their own lives in a way they had never been able to do before. As " "author Brian Coe notes, \"For the first time the snapshot album provided the " -"man on the street with a permanent record of his family and its " -"activities. . . . For the first time in history there exists an authentic " -"visual record of the appearance and activities of the common man made " -"without [literary] interpretation or bias.\"" -msgstr "" +"man on the street with a permanent record of his family and its activities. " +"… For the first time in history there exists an authentic visual " +"record of the appearance and activities of the common man made without " +"[literary] interpretation or bias.\"" +msgstr "" +"Den virkelige betydningen av oppfinnelsen til Eastman, var derimot ikke " +"økonomisk. Den var sosial. Profesjonell fotografering ga individer et " +"glimt av steder de ellers aldri ville se. Amatørfotografering ga dem " +"mulihgeten til Ã¥ arkivere deres liv pÃ¥ en mÃ¥te som de aldri hadde vært i " +"stand til tidligere. Som forfatter Brian Coe skriver, \"For første gang " +"tilbød fotoalbumet mannen i gata et permanent arkiv over hans familie og " +"dens aktiviteter. … For første gang i historien fantes det en " +"autentisk visuell oppføring av utseende og aktivitet til vanlige mennesker " +"laget uten [skrivefør] tolkning eller forutinntatthet.\"" #. type: Content of: -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "In this way, the Kodak camera and film were technologies of expression. The " "pencil or paintbrush was also a technology of expression, of course. But it " @@ -3077,15 +3094,15 @@ msgid "" "ordinary people a way to express themselves more easily than any tools could " "have before." msgstr "" -"pÃ¥ denne mÃ¥ten var kodak-kamera og film teknologier uttrykksmÃ¥ter. blyant " -"eller paintbrush var ogsÃ¥ en teknologi uttrykksmÃ¥ter, selvfølgelig. men det " -"tok Ã¥r med trening før de kan distribueres av amatører pÃ¥ noen nyttige eller " -"effektiv mÃ¥te. med kodak var uttrykk mulig mye raskere og enklere. barriere " -"til uttrykk ble senket. snobs ville hÃ¥nlig flir pÃ¥ sin \"kvalitet\"; " -"profesjonelle ville rabatt det som irrelevant. Men se et barn studere " -"hvordan du best som ramme for et bilde, og du fÃ¥r en følelse av opplevelsen " -"av kreativitet som kodak aktivert. demokratiske verktøy ga vanlige folk en " -"mÃ¥te Ã¥ uttrykke seg lettere enn noen verktøy kan har før." +"PÃ¥ denne mÃ¥ten var Kodak-kameraet og film uttrykksteknologier. Blyanten og " +"malepenselen var selvfølgelig ogsÃ¥ en uttrykksteknologi. Men det tok Ã¥revis " +"med trening før de kunne bli brukt nyttig og effektiv av amatører. Med " +"Kodaken var uttrykk mulig mye raskere og enklere. Barriæren for Ã¥ uttrykke " +"seg var senket. Snobber ville fnyse over \"kvaliteten\", profesjonelle " +"ville avvise den som irrelevant. Men se et barn studere hvordan best velge " +"bildemotiv og du fÃ¥r følelsen av hva slags kreativitesterfaring som Kodaken " +"muliggjorde. Demokratiske verktøy ga vanlige folk en mÃ¥te Ã¥ uttrykke dem " +"selv pÃ¥ enklere enn noe annet verktøy kunne ha gjort før." #. f6 #. type: Content of: @@ -3111,7 +3128,6 @@ msgstr "" #. PAGE BREAK 47 #. type: Content of: -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "The arguments in favor of requiring permission will sound surprisingly " "familiar. The photographer was \"taking\" something from the person or " @@ -3120,12 +3136,12 @@ msgid "" "take the pencils that his animators used to draw Mickey, so, too, should " "these photographers not be free to take images that they thought valuable." msgstr "" -"argumenter for Ã¥ trenge tillatelse vil lyde overraskende kjent. fotografen " -"ble \"tar\" noe fra personen eller bygge med fotografi han skjøt—" -"pirating noe av verdi. noen trodde selv han tok mÃ¥lets sjel. akkurat som " -"disney ikke var fritt til Ã¥ ta den blyanter hans animatører brukes til Ã¥ " -"tegne mickey, sÃ¥ bør ogsÃ¥, disse fotografer ikke være fritt til Ã¥ ta bilder " -"som de trodde verdifull." +"Argumentene til fordel for Ã¥ kreve tillatelser vil høres overraskende kjent " +"ut. Fotografen \"tok\" noe fra personen eller bygningen som ble " +"fotografert—røvet til seg noe av verdi. Noen trodde til og med at han " +"tok mÃ¥lets sjel. PÃ¥ samme mÃ¥te som Disney ikke var fri til Ã¥ ta blyantene " +"som hans animatører brukte til Ã¥ tegne Mikke, sÃ¥ skulle heller ikke disse " +"fotografene være fri til Ã¥ ta bilder som de fant verdi i." #. type: Content of: msgid "Warren, Samuel D." @@ -3182,6 +3198,15 @@ msgid "" "without clearing the rights to do the capturing.)" msgstr "" +"Heldigvis for Mr. Eastman, og for fotografering generelt, gikk disse " +"tidligere avgjørelsene i favør av piratene. Generelt ble det ikke nødvendig " +"Ã¥ sikre seg tillatelse før et bilde kunne tas og deles med andre. I stedet " +"var det antatt at tillatelse var gitt. Frihet var utgangspunktet. (Loven " +"ga etter en stund et unntak for berømte personer: kommersielle fotografer " +"som tok bilder av berømte personer for kommersielle formÃ¥l har flere " +"begresninger enn resten av oss. Men i det vanlige tilfellet, kan bildet " +"fanges uten Ã¥ klarere rettighetene for a fange det.)" #. type: Content of: #, mtrans, fuzzy @@ -3292,7 +3317,7 @@ msgstr "Yanofsky, Dave" #, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "\"Media literacy,\" as Dave Yanofsky, the executive director of Just Think!, " -"puts it, \"is the ability . . . to understand, analyze, and deconstruct " +"puts it, \"is the ability … to understand, analyze, and deconstruct " "media images. Its aim is to make [kids] literate about the way media works, " "the way it's constructed, the way it's delivered, and the way people access " "it.\" " @@ -3415,7 +3440,7 @@ msgid "" "Elizabeth Daley, executive director of the University of Southern " "California's Annenberg Center for Communication and dean of the USC School " "of Cinema-Television, explained to me, the grammar was about \"the placement " -"of objects, color, . . . rhythm, pacing, and texture.\" But as computers open up an interactive space where " "a story is \"played\" as well as experienced, that grammar changes. The " "simple control of narrative is lost, and so other techniques are necessary. " @@ -3431,7 +3456,6 @@ msgid "computer games" msgstr "dataspill" #. type: Content of: -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "This skill is precisely the craft a filmmaker learns. As Daley describes, " "\"people are very surprised about how they are led through a film. [I]t is " @@ -3439,11 +3463,12 @@ msgid "" "filmmaker succeeds you do not know how you were led.\" If you know you were " "led through a film, the film has failed." msgstr "" -"denne ferdigheten er nøyaktig hÃ¥ndverket filmskaper lærer. som daley " -"beskriver, er\"folk veldig overrasket om hvordan de er ledet gjennom en " -"film. [i] t er perfekt konstruert for Ã¥ hindre at du ser det, sÃ¥ du har " -"ingen anelse om. Hvis en filmskaper lykkes du ikke vet hvordan du ble ledet." -"\"Hvis du vet at du ble ledet gjennom en film, filmen mislyktes." +"Akkurat denne ferdigheten er hÃ¥ndverket en lærer til de som lager filmer. " +"Som Daley skriver, \"folk er svært overrrasket over hvordan de blir ledet " +"gjennom en film. Den er perfekt konstruert for Ã¥ hindre deg fra Ã¥ se det, " +"sÃ¥ du aner det ikke. Hvis en som lager filmer lykkes sÃ¥ vet du ikke at du " +"har vært ledet.\" Hvis du vet at du ble ledet igjennom en film, sÃ¥ har " +"filmen feilet." #. type: Content of: #, mtrans, fuzzy @@ -3610,10 +3635,10 @@ msgid "" "[But i]nstead, if you say, \"Well, with all these things that you can do, " "let's talk about this issue. Play for me music that you think reflects that, " "or show me images that you think reflect that, or draw for me something that " -"reflects that.\" Not by giving a kid a video camera and . . . saying, " +"reflects that.\" Not by giving a kid a video camera and … saying, " "\"Let's go have fun with the video camera and make a little movie.\" But " "instead, really help you take these elements that you understand, that are " -"your language, and construct meaning about the topic. . . ." +"your language, and construct meaning about the topic. …" msgstr "" "Hva du ønsker er Ã¥ gi disse elevene mÃ¥ter for Ã¥ bygge betydning. Hvis alt du " "gi dem er tekst, er de ikke til Ã¥ gjøre det pÃ¥. fordi de ikke kan. du vet, " @@ -4152,15 +4177,14 @@ msgid "Brown, John Seely" msgstr "Brown, John Seely" #. type: Content of: -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "John Seely Brown is the chief scientist of the Xerox Corporation. His work, " -"as his Web site describes it, is \"human learning and . . . the creation of " -"knowledge ecologies for creating . . . innovation.\"" +"as his Web site describes it, is \"human learning and … the creation " +"of knowledge ecologies for creating … innovation.\"" msgstr "" -"John seely brown er den ledende vitenskapsmannen for xerox corporation. hans " -"arbeid, som hans webomrÃ¥det beskriver det, er \"menneskelige læring og... " -"etableringen av kunnskap dagsykluser for Ã¥ opprette... innovasjon.\"" +"John Seely Brown er sjefsforsker ved Xerox Corporation. Hans arbeid, i " +"følge hans eget nettsted, er \"menneskelig læring og … Ã¥ skape " +"kunnskapsøkologier for Ã¥ skape … innovasjon\"." #. type: Content of: #, mtrans, fuzzy @@ -4213,7 +4237,7 @@ msgstr "" #, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "This opportunity creates a \"completely new kind of learning platform,\" as " -"Brown describes. \"As soon as you start doing that, you . . . unleash a " +"Brown describes. \"As soon as you start doing that, you … unleash a " "free collage on the community, so that other people can start looking at " "your code, tinkering with it, trying it out, seeing if they can improve it." "\" Each effort is a kind of apprenticeship. \"Open source becomes a major " @@ -4232,7 +4256,7 @@ msgid "" "In this process, \"the concrete things you tinker with are abstract. They " "are code.\" Kids are \"shifting to the ability to tinker in the abstract, " "and this tinkering is no longer an isolated activity that you're doing in " -"your garage. You are tinkering with a community platform. . . . You are " +"your garage. You are tinkering with a community platform. … You are " "tinkering with other people's stuff. The more you tinker the more you " "improve.\" The more you improve, the more you learn." msgstr "" @@ -4251,8 +4275,8 @@ msgid "" "\"the Web [is] the first medium that truly honors multiple forms of " "intelligence.\" Earlier technologies, such as the typewriter or word " "processors, helped amplify text. But the Web amplifies much more than text. " -"\"The Web . . . says if you are musical, if you are artistic, if you are " -"visual, if you are interested in film . . . [then] there is a lot you can " +"\"The Web … says if you are musical, if you are artistic, if you are " +"visual, if you are interested in film … [then] there is a lot you can " "start to do on this medium. [It] can now amplify and honor these multiple " "forms of intelligence.\"" msgstr "" @@ -4337,7 +4361,7 @@ msgstr "" msgid "" "\"Yet,\" as Brown continued, and as the balance of this book will evince, " "\"we are building a legal system that completely suppresses the natural " -"tendencies of today's digital kids. . . . We're building an architecture " +"tendencies of today's digital kids. … We're building an architecture " "that unleashes 60 percent of the brain [and] a legal system that closes down " "that part of the brain.\"" msgstr "" @@ -4559,16 +4583,16 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: #, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" -"\"It was absurd,\" he told me. \"I don't think I did anything wrong. . . . " -"I don't think there's anything wrong with the search engine that I ran " -"or . . . what I had done to it. I mean, I hadn't modified it in any way that " -"promoted or enhanced the work of pirates. I just modified the search engine " -"in a way that would make it easier to use\"—again, a search " -"engine, which Jesse had not himself built, using the Windows " -"filesharing system, which Jesse had not himself built, to enable members of " -"the RPI community to get access to content, which Jesse had not himself " -"created or posted, and the vast majority of which had nothing to do with " -"music." +"\"It was absurd,\" he told me. \"I don't think I did anything wrong. " +"… I don't think there's anything wrong with the search engine that I " +"ran or … what I had done to it. I mean, I hadn't modified it in any " +"way that promoted or enhanced the work of pirates. I just modified the " +"search engine in a way that would make it easier to use\"—again, a " +"search engine, which Jesse had not himself built, using " +"the Windows filesharing system, which Jesse had not himself built, to enable " +"members of the RPI community to get access to content, which Jesse had not " +"himself created or posted, and the vast majority of which had nothing to do " +"with music." msgstr "" "\"det var absurd,\" sa han til meg. \"Jeg tror ikke jeg gjorde noe galt.... " "Jeg tror ikke det er noe galt med søkemotoren som jeg kjørte eller... hva " @@ -4736,7 +4760,7 @@ msgstr "" #, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "I was definitely not an activist [before]. I never really meant to be an " -"activist. . . . [But] I've been pushed into this. In no way did I ever " +"activist. … [But] I've been pushed into this. In no way did I ever " "foresee anything like this, but I think it's just completely absurd what the " "RIAA has done." msgstr "" @@ -4749,10 +4773,10 @@ msgstr "" #, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "Jesse's parents betray a certain pride in their reluctant activist. As his " -"father told me, Jesse \"considers himself very conservative, and so do " -"I. . . . He's not a tree hugger. . . . I think it's bizarre that they would " -"pick on him. But he wants to let people know that they're sending the wrong " -"message. And he wants to correct the record.\"" +"father told me, Jesse \"considers himself very conservative, and so do I. " +"… He's not a tree hugger. … I think it's bizarre that they " +"would pick on him. But he wants to let people know that they're sending the " +"wrong message. And he wants to correct the record.\"" msgstr "" "Jesses foreldre viser en viss stolthet i deres motvillige aktivist. Som hans " "far fortalte meg, Jesse \"anser seg selv svært konservativ, og det samme " @@ -4850,6 +4874,10 @@ msgid "" "in Law and Economics, Working Paper No. 159." msgstr "" +#. type: Content of:
+msgid "Fox, William" +msgstr "Fox, William" + #. type: Content of:
msgid "General Film Company" msgstr "" @@ -4870,7 +4898,8 @@ msgid "" "exchanges, except for the one owned by the independent William Fox who " "defied the Trust even after his license was revoked. " -"" +" " msgstr "" #. f3 @@ -4899,7 +4928,6 @@ msgstr "" #. PAGE BREAK 68 #. type: Content of:
-#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "Of course, California grew quickly, and the effective enforcement of federal " "law eventually spread west. But because patents grant the patent holder a " @@ -4907,11 +4935,12 @@ msgid "" "enough federal marshals appeared, the patents had expired. A new industry " "had been born, in part from the piracy of Edison's creative property." msgstr "" -"Selvfølgelig, california vokste raskt, og effektiv håndhevelse av føderale " -"lov til slutt spre vest. men fordi patenter gi patent holder en virkelig " -"\"begrenset\" monopol (bare sytten år på den tiden), etter tid nok føderale " -"marshals dukket opp, patentene var utløpt. en ny industri hadde blitt født, " -"delvis fra piratkopiering av Edisons kreative eiendom." +"California vokste naturligvis raskt, og effektiv håndhevelse av føderale " +"lover spredte seg til slutt vestover. Men fordi patenter tildeler " +"patentinnehaveren et i sannhet \"begrenset\" monopol (kun sytten år på den " +"tiden), så patentene var utgått før nok føderale lovmenn dukket opp. En ny " +"industri var født, delvis fra piratvirksomhet mot Edison's kreative " +"rettigheter." #. type: Content of:
msgid "Recorded Music" @@ -4926,6 +4955,10 @@ msgstr "" "hvordan krever at en setter seg inn i detaljer om hvordan loven regulerer " "musikk." +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><indexterm><primary> +msgid "Fourneaux, Henri" +msgstr "Fourneaux, Henri" + #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para> #, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" @@ -5085,6 +5118,10 @@ msgstr "" "memorandum of philip mauro, patent sjefsjurist for amerikansk graphophone " "selskapet association)." +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para><indexterm><primary> +msgid "American Graphophone Company" +msgstr "" + #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para> msgid "" "These arguments have familiar echoes in the wars of our day. So, too, do the " @@ -5098,7 +5135,8 @@ msgid "" "talk about `theft,'\" the general counsel of the American Graphophone " "Company wrote, \"is the merest claptrap, for there exists no property in " "ideas musical, literary or artistic, except as defined by statute." -"\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/>" +"\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"1\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" " +"id=\"2\"/>" msgstr "" #. PAGE BREAK 70 @@ -5553,10 +5591,10 @@ msgid "" "Our point here is that unlike the problem of whether you have any copyright " "protection at all, the problem here is whether copyright holders who are " "already compensated, who already have a monopoly, should be permitted to " -"extend that monopoly. . . . The question here is how much compensation they " -"should have and how far back they should carry their right to compensation." -"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=" -"\"1\"/>" +"extend that monopoly. … The question here is how much compensation " +"they should have and how far back they should carry their right to " +"compensation.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=" +"\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><para> @@ -5608,9 +5646,9 @@ msgid "" "creator—as it is increasingly described today<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> — then <emphasis>every</emphasis> industry " "affected by copyright today is the product and beneficiary of a certain kind " -"of piracy. Film, records, radio, cable TV. . . . The list is long and could " -"well be expanded. Every generation welcomes the pirates from the last. Every " -"generation—until now." +"of piracy. Film, records, radio, cable TV. … The list is long and " +"could well be expanded. Every generation welcomes the pirates from the last. " +"Every generation—until now." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> @@ -5797,11 +5835,12 @@ msgstr "Liebowitz, Stan" msgid "" "For an analysis of the economic impact of copying technology, see Stan " "Liebowitz, <citetitle>Rethinking the Network Economy</citetitle> (New York: " -"Amacom, 2002), 144–90. \"In some instances . . . the impact of piracy " -"on the copyright holder's ability to appropriate the value of the work will " -"be negligible. One obvious instance is the case where the individual " -"engaging in pirating would not have purchased an original even if pirating " -"were not an option.\" Ibid., 149. <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>" +"Amacom, 2002), 144–90. \"In some instances … the impact of " +"piracy on the copyright holder's ability to appropriate the value of the " +"work will be negligible. One obvious instance is the case where the " +"individual engaging in pirating would not have purchased an original even if " +"pirating were not an option.\" Ibid., 149. <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" " +"id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "for en analyse av økonomiske virkningen av kopiering teknologi, kan du se " "stan liebowitz, rethinking nettverk økonomien (new york: amacom, 2002), 144­" @@ -6357,9 +6396,9 @@ msgstr "amerikanske Kongressen, copyright og hjem kopiering, 4." msgid "" "Yet soon thereafter, and before Congress was given an opportunity to enact " "regulation, MTV was launched, and the industry had a record turnaround. \"In " -"the end,\" Cap Gemini concludes, \"the `crisis' . . . was not the fault of " -"the tapers—who did not [stop after MTV came into being]—but had " -"to a large extent resulted from stagnation in musical innovation at the " +"the end,\" Cap Gemini concludes, \"the `crisis' … was not the fault " +"of the tapers—who did not [stop after MTV came into being]—but " +"had to a large extent resulted from stagnation in musical innovation at the " "major labels.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" @@ -7875,18 +7914,19 @@ msgstr "" msgid "" "This was a clever argument, and one that had the support of some of the " "leading jurists of the day. It also displayed extraordinary chutzpah. Until " -"then, as law professor Raymond Patterson has put it, \"The publishers . . . " -"had as much concern for authors as a cattle rancher has for cattle." +"then, as law professor Raymond Patterson has put it, \"The publishers " +"… had as much concern for authors as a cattle rancher has for cattle." "\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> The bookseller didn't care squat " "for the rights of the author. His concern was the monopoly profit that the " "author's work gave." msgstr "" "Dette var et godt argument, og hadde støtte fra flere av den tidens ledende " "jurister. Det viste ogsÃ¥ en ekstraordinær chutzpah. Inntail da, som " -"jusprofessor Raymond Pattetson har sagt, \"var utgiverne ... like bekymret " -"for forfatterne som en gjeter for sine lam.\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" " -"id=\"0\"/> Bokselgerne brydde seg ikke det spor om forfatternes rettigheter. " -"Deres bekymring var den monopolske inntekten forfatterens verk ga." +"jusprofessor Raymond Pattetson har sagt, \"var utgiverne … like " +"bekymret for forfatterne som en gjeter for sine lam.\"<placeholder type=" +"\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Bokselgerne brydde seg ikke det spor om forfatternes " +"rettigheter. Deres bekymring var den monopolske inntekten forfatterens verk " +"ga." #. f7 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> @@ -8225,16 +8265,17 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> msgid "" -"By the above decision . . . near 200,000 pounds worth of what was honestly " -"purchased at public sale, and which was yesterday thought property is now " -"reduced to nothing. The Booksellers of London and Westminster, many of whom " -"sold estates and houses to purchase Copy-right, are in a manner ruined, and " -"those who after many years industry thought they had acquired a competency " -"to provide for their families now find themselves without a shilling to " -"devise to their successors.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" +"By the above decision … near 200,000 pounds worth of what was " +"honestly purchased at public sale, and which was yesterday thought property " +"is now reduced to nothing. The Booksellers of London and Westminster, many " +"of whom sold estates and houses to purchase Copy-right, are in a manner " +"ruined, and those who after many years industry thought they had acquired a " +"competency to provide for their families now find themselves without a " +"shilling to devise to their successors.<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=" +"\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"Gjennom denne avgjørelsen ... er verdier til nesten 200 000 pund, som er " -"blitt ærlig kjøpt gjennom allment salg, og som i gÃ¥r var eiendom, er nÃ¥ " +"Gjennom denne avgjørelsen … er verdier til nesten 200 000 pund, som " +"er blitt ærlig kjøpt gjennom allment salg, og som i gÃ¥r var eiendom, er nÃ¥ " "redusert til ingenting. Bokselgerne i London og Westminster, mange av dem " "har solgt hus og eiendom for Ã¥ kjøpe kopirettigheter, er med ett ruinerte, " "og mange som gjennom mange Ã¥r har opparbeidet kompetanse for Ã¥ brødfø " @@ -8294,34 +8335,31 @@ msgid "CHAPTER SEVEN: Recorders" msgstr "Kapittel sju: Innspillerne" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "Jon Else is a filmmaker. He is best known for his documentaries and has been " "very successful in spreading his art. He is also a teacher, and as a teacher " "myself, I envy the loyalty and admiration that his students feel for him. (I " "met, by accident, two of his students at a dinner party. He was their god.)" msgstr "" -"Jon annet er en filmskaper. Han er best kjent for sin dokumentarer og har " -"vært svært vellykket i Ã¥ spre sin kunst. Han er ogsÃ¥ en lærer, og som lærer " -"meg selv, jeg misunner lojalitet og beundring at hans elever føler seg for " -"ham. (jeg møtte, ved et uhell, to av hans studenter ved et middagsselskap. " -"Han var deres Gud)." +"Jon Else er en filmskaper. Han er mest kjent for sine dokumentarer og har pÃ¥ " +"ypperlig vis klart Ã¥ spre sin kunst. Han er ogsÃ¥ en lærer, som meg selv, og " +"jeg misunner den lojaliteten og beundringen hans studenter har for ham. (Ved " +"et uhell møtte jeg to av hans studenter i et middagsselskap og han var deres " +"Gud.)" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "Else worked on a documentary that I was involved in. At a break, he told me " "a story about the freedom to create with film in America today." msgstr "" -"Ellers arbeidet pÃ¥ en dokumentar som jeg var involvert i. pÃ¥ en pause, han " -"fortalte meg en historie om frihet Ã¥ opprette med film i Amerika i dag." +"Else arbeidet med en dokumentarfilm hvor ogsÃ¥ jeg var involvert. I en pause " +"sÃ¥ fortalte han meg om hvordan det kunne være Ã¥ skape film i dagens Amerika." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary> msgid "San Francisco Opera" -msgstr "" +msgstr "San Francisco Opera" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "In 1990, Else was working on a documentary about Wagner's Ring Cycle. The " "focus was stagehands at the San Francisco Opera. Stagehands are a " @@ -8330,15 +8368,14 @@ msgid "" "make a perfect contrast to the art on the stage. <placeholder type=" "\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"i 1990, ellers arbeidet pÃ¥ en dokumentar om wagner's ring syklus. fokus var " -"stagehands ved san francisco opera. stagehands er et spesielt morsom og " -"fargerike element i en opera. under fremvisningen henger de nedenfor scenen " -"i fatt lounge og i loft belysning. de gjør en perfekt kontrast til kunst pÃ¥ " -"scenen." +"I 1990 arbeidet Else med en dokumentar om Wagners Ring Cycle. Fokuset var pÃ¥ " +"*stagehands* pÃ¥ San Francisco Opera. Stagehands er spesielt morsomt og " +"fargerikt innslag i en opera. I løpet av forestillingen oppholder de seg " +"blant publikum og pÃ¥ lysloftet. De er en perfekt kontrast til kunsten pÃ¥ " +"scenen.<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>" #. PAGE BREAK 107 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "During one of the performances, Else was shooting some stagehands playing " "checkers. In one corner of the room was a television set. Playing on the " @@ -8347,14 +8384,13 @@ msgid "" "this touch of cartoon helped capture the flavor of what was special about " "the scene." msgstr "" -"under en av forestillinger, var ellers skyting noen stagehands spille " -"brikker. i et hjørne av rommet var en TV-apparatet. spille pÃ¥ TV-apparatet, " -"mens stagehands spilte brikker og opera selskapet spilte wagner, var " -"simpsons. som andre dømt det denne touch tegneserie hjalp fangst smaken av " -"det som var spesielt med scenen." +"Under en forestilling, filmet Else noen stagehands som spilte *checkers*. I " +"et hjørne av rommet stod det et fjernsynsapparat. PÃ¥ fjernsynet, mens " +"forestillingen pÃ¥gikk og operakompaniet spilte Wagner, gikk <citetitle>The " +"Simpsons</citetitle>. Slik Else sÃ¥ det, sÃ¥ hjalp dette tegnefilm-innslaget " +"med Ã¥ fange det spesielle med scenen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "Years later, when he finally got funding to complete the film, Else " "attempted to clear the rights for those few seconds of <citetitle>The " @@ -8362,19 +8398,18 @@ msgid "" "of course, to use copyrighted material you need the permission of the " "copyright owner, unless \"fair use\" or some other privilege applies." msgstr "" -"Ã¥r senere, nÃ¥r han til slutt fikk finansiering for Ã¥ fullføre filmen, ellers " -"forsøkte Ã¥ tømme rettighetene for de noen sekunder av simpsons. for " -"selvfølgelig, er de fÃ¥ sekunder opphavsrettsbeskyttet; og selvfølgelig, hvis " -"du vil bruke opphavsrettsbeskyttet materiale du trenger tillatelse fra " -"eieren av opphavsretten, med mindre \"fair use\" eller noen andre " -"privilegium gjelder." +"SÃ¥ noen Ã¥r senere, da han endelig hadde fÃ¥tt ordnet den siste " +"finansieringen, ville Else skaffe rettigheter til Ã¥ bruke disse fÃ¥ sekundene " +"med <citetitle>The Simpson</citetitle>. For disse fÃ¥ sekundene var selvsagt " +"beskyttet av opphavsretten, og for Ã¥ bruke beskyttet materiale mÃ¥ man ha " +"tillatelse fra eieren, dersom det ikke er \"rimelig bruk\" eller det " +"foreligger spesielle avtaler." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary> msgid "Gracie Films" -msgstr "" +msgstr "Gracie Films" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "Else called <citetitle>Simpsons</citetitle> creator Matt Groening's office " "to get permission. Groening approved the shot. The shot was a four-and-a-" @@ -8383,14 +8418,14 @@ msgid "" "to contact Gracie Films, the company that produces the program. " "<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"annet kalt simpsons skaperen matt groening's kontor for Ã¥ fÃ¥ tillatelse. " -"Groening godkjent skutt. skjøt var en fire og en halfsecond-bilde pÃ¥ en " -"liten TV satt i hjørnet av rommet. Hvordan kan det vondt? Groening var glade " -"for Ã¥ ha det i filmen, men han fortalt annet for Ã¥ kontakte gracie films, " -"firmaet som lager programmet." +"Else kontaktet <citetitle>Simpson</citetitle>-skaper Matt Groenings kontor " +"for Ã¥ fÃ¥ tillatelse. Og Groening gav ham det. Det var tross alt kun snakk om " +"fire og et halvt sekund pÃ¥ et lite fjernsyn, bakerst i et hjørne av rommet. " +"Hvordan kunne det skade? Groening var glad for Ã¥ fÃ¥ ha det med i filmen, men " +"han ba Else om Ã¥ kontakte Gracie Films, firmaet som produserer programmet." +"<placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "Gracie Films was okay with it, too, but they, like Groening, wanted to be " "careful. So they told Else to contact Fox, Gracie's parent company. Else " @@ -8399,47 +8434,45 @@ msgid "" "just confirming the permission with Fox. <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=" "\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"Gracie films var bra med den, ogsÃ¥, men de, som groening, ønsket Ã¥ være " -"forsiktig. sÃ¥ de fortalte andre for Ã¥ kontakte fox, gracie's morselskapet. " -"annet kalt fox og fortalte dem om klippet i hjørnet av ett rom skutt av " -"filmen. Matt groening hadde allerede gitt tillatelse, andre sier. Han var " -"bare bekrefte tillatelsen med fox." +"Gracie Films sa ogsÃ¥ at det var greit, men de, slik som Groening, ønsket Ã¥ " +"være forsiktige, og ba Else om Ã¥ kontakte Fox, konsernet som eide Gracie. Og " +"Else kontaktet Fox og forklarte situasjonen; at det var snakk om et klipp i " +"hjørnet i bakgrunnen i ett rom i filmen. Matt Groening hadde allerede gitt " +"sin tillatelse, sa Else. Han ville bare fÃ¥ det avklart med Fox.<placeholder " +"type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" -"Then, as Else told me, \"two things happened. First we discovered . . . that " -"Matt Groening doesn't own his own creation—or at least that someone " -"[at Fox] believes he doesn't own his own creation.\" And second, Fox " +"Then, as Else told me, \"two things happened. First we discovered … " +"that Matt Groening doesn't own his own creation—or at least that " +"someone [at Fox] believes he doesn't own his own creation.\" And second, Fox " "\"wanted ten thousand dollars as a licensing fee for us to use this four-" -"point-five seconds of . . . entirely unsolicited <citetitle>Simpsons</" +"point-five seconds of … entirely unsolicited <citetitle>Simpsons</" "citetitle> which was in the corner of the shot.\"" msgstr "" -"deretter, som ellers fortalte meg, \"to ting har skjedd. første vi " -"oppdaget... at matt groening ikke eier sin egen etablering— eller i " -"det minste at noen [pÃ¥ fox] mener han ikke eier sin egen etableringen. \"og " -"andre fox\"ville ti tusen dollar som en lisenskostnader avgift for oss Ã¥ " -"bruke denne fire-punkt-fem sekunder... helt uønsket simpsons som var i " -"hjørnet av skutt.\"" +"Deretter, fortalte Else: \"skjedde to ting. Først oppdaget vi … at " +"Matt Groening ikke eide sitt eget verk — ihvertfall at noen [hos Fox] " +"trodde at han ikke eide sitt eget verk.\" Som det andre krevde Fox \"ti " +"tusen dollar i lisensavgift for disse fire og et halvt sekundene med " +"… fullstendig tilfeldig <citetitle>Simpson</citetitle> som var i et " +"hjørne i ett opptak.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "Else was certain there was a mistake. He worked his way up to someone he " "thought was a vice president for licensing, Rebecca Herrera. He explained " -"to her, \"There must be some mistake here. . . . We're asking for your " +"to her, \"There must be some mistake here. … We're asking for your " "educational rate on this.\" That was the educational rate, Herrera told " "Else. A day or so later, Else called again to confirm what he had been told." msgstr "" -"Ellers var sikker pÃ¥ at det var en feil. Han jobbet seg opp noen trodde han " -"var vice president for lisensiering, rebecca herrera. Han forklarte henne, " -"\"det mÃ¥ være noen feil her.... Vi ber om din pedagogisk rate pÃ¥ dette.\"det " -"var pedagogisk ofte, herrera fortalte ellers. en dag eller sÃ¥ senere, ellers " -"kalles pÃ¥ nytt for Ã¥ bekrefte hva han hadde blitt fortalt." +"Ellers var sikker pÃ¥ at det var en feil. Han fikk tak i noen som han trodde " +"var nestleder for lisensiering, Rebecca Herrera. Han forklarte for henne at " +"\"det mÃ¥ være en feil her … Vi ber deg om en utdanningssats pÃ¥ dette." +"\" Og de hadde fÃ¥tt utdanningssats, fortalte Herrera. Kort tid etter ringte " +"Else igjen for Ã¥ fÃ¥ dette bekreftet." #. PAGE BREAK 108 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "\"I wanted to make sure I had my facts straight,\" he told me. \"Yes, you " "have your facts straight,\" she said. It would cost $10,000 to use the clip " @@ -8449,19 +8482,19 @@ msgid "" "an assistant to Herrera told Else later on, \"They don't give a shit. They " "just want the money.\"" msgstr "" -"\"jeg ønsket Ã¥ sikre at jeg hadde min fakta rett,\" sa han til meg. \"Ja, du " -"har din fakta rett,\" sa hun. det ville koste $ 10 000 for Ã¥ bruke klippet " -"av simpsons i hjørnet av et skudd i en dokumentarfilm om wagner's ring " -"syklus. og deretter astonishingly, herrera fortalte annet \"og hvis du " -"siterer meg, vil jeg slÃ¥ deg til vÃ¥re advokater.\" som assistent for herrera " -"fortalte andre senere, \"de ikke gir faen. de vil bare penger.\"" +"\"Jeg mÃ¥tte være sikker pÃ¥ at jeg hadde riktige opplysninger foran meg,\" sa " +"han. \"Ja, du har riktige opplysninger,\" sa hun. Det ville koste $10 000 Ã¥ " +"bruke dette lille klippet av <citetitle>The Simpson</citetitle>, plassert " +"bakerst i et hjørne i en scene i en dokumentar om Wagners Ring Cycle. Som om " +"det ikke var nok, forbløffet Herrera Else med Ã¥ si \"Og om du siterer meg, " +"vil du høre fra vÃ¥re advokater.\" En av Herreras assistenter fortalte Else " +"at \"De bryr seg ikke i det heletatt. Alt de vil ha er pengene.\"" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><indexterm><primary> msgid "Day After Trinity, The" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "Else didn't have the money to buy the right to replay what was playing on " "the television backstage at the San Francisco Opera. To reproduce this " @@ -8471,14 +8504,14 @@ msgid "" "After Trinity</citetitle>, from ten years before. <placeholder type=" "\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>" msgstr "" -"ellers har ikke penger til Ã¥ kjøpe retten til Ã¥ spille hva spilte pÃ¥ TV " -"backstage ved san francisco opera. Hvis du vil gjenskape denne virkeligheten " -"var utenfor den dokumentar filmskaper budsjett. i svært siste øyeblikk før " -"filmen var Ã¥ bli befridd, erstattet ellers digitalt skutt med et utklipp fra " -"en annen film som han hadde jobbet pÃ¥, dagen etter trinity, fra ti Ã¥r før." +"Men Else hadde ikke penger til Ã¥ kjøpe lisens for klippet. SÃ¥ Ã¥ gjenskape " +"denne delen av virkeligheten, lÃ¥ langt utenfor hans budsjett. Like før " +"dokumentaren skulle slippes, redigerte Else inn et annet klipp pÃ¥ " +"fjernsynet, et klipp fra en av hans andre filmer <citetitle>The Day After " +"Trinity</citetitle> fra ti Ã¥r tidligere. <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=" +"\"0\"/> <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"1\"/>" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "There's no doubt that someone, whether Matt Groening or Fox, owns the " "copyright to <citetitle>The Simpsons</citetitle>. That copyright is their " @@ -8490,17 +8523,16 @@ msgid "" "market, it is the owner of the copyright who gets to set the price for any " "use that the law says the owner gets to control." msgstr "" -"Det er ingen tvil om at noen om matt groening eller fox, eier opphavsretten " -"til simpsons. at opphavsretten er deres eiendom. for Ã¥ bruke at " -"opphavsrettsbeskyttet materiale sÃ¥ledes noen ganger krever tillatelse fra " -"eieren av opphavsretten. Hvis Bruk som ellers ville være av simpsons " -"opphavsrett var en av de bruker begrenset av loven, ville han trenger Ã¥ fÃ¥ " -"tillatelse fra eieren av opphavsretten før han kunne bruke arbeidet pÃ¥ den " -"mÃ¥ten. og i et fritt marked, det er eieren av opphavsretten hvem som kan " -"angi pris for bruk som loven sier eieren fÃ¥r kontroll." +"Det er ingen tvil om at noen, enten det er er Matt Groening eller Fox, eier " +"rettighetene til <citetitle>The Simpsons</citetitle>. Rettighetene er deres " +"eiendom. For Ã¥ bruke beskyttet mteriale, kreves det ofte at men fÃ¥r " +"tillatelse fra eieren eller eierne. Dersom Else ønsket Ã¥ bruke " +"<citetitle>The Simpsons</citetitle> til noe hvor loven gir verket " +"beskyttelse, sÃ¥ mÃ¥ han innhente tillatelse fra eieren før han kan bruke det. " +"Og i et fritt markes er det eieren som bestemmer hvor mye han/hun vil ta for " +"hvilken som helst bruk (hvor loven krever tillatelse fra eier)." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "For example, \"public performance\" is a use of <citetitle>The Simpsons</" "citetitle> that the copyright owner gets to control. If you take a selection " @@ -8510,17 +8542,16 @@ msgid "" "view) can charge whatever she wants—$10 or $1,000,000. That's her " "right, as set by the law." msgstr "" -"\"offentlig fremføring\" er for eksempel en bruk av simpsons blir eieren av " -"opphavsretten til kontrollen. Hvis du tar et utvalg av favoritt episoder, " -"leie en kino, og betalt for billetter til Ã¥ komme se \"min favoritt simpsons" -"\", mÃ¥ du fÃ¥ tillatelse fra eieren av opphavsretten. og " -"rettighetsinnehaveren (med rette, i min mening) kan lade hva hun " -"ønsker—$ 10 eller $1,000,000. Det er hennes høyre, som er angitt av " +"For eksempel \"offentlig fremvisning\"* av <citetitle>The Simpson</" +"citetitle> er en form for bruk hvor loven gir eieren kontroll. Dersom du " +"velger ut dine favorittepisoder, leier en kinosal og selger billetter til " +"\"Mine <citetitle>Simpson</citetitle>-favoritter\", sÃ¥ mÃ¥ du ha tillatelse " +"fra rettighetsinnhaveren (eieren). Og eieren kan (med rette, slik jeg ser " +"det) kreve hvor mye han vil; $10ellr $1 000 000. Det er hans rett ifølge " "loven." #. f1 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para><footnote><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "For an excellent argument that such use is \"fair use,\" but that lawyers " "don't permit recognition that it is \"fair use,\" see Richard A. Posner with " @@ -8528,11 +8559,11 @@ msgid "" "<citetitle>Eldred</citetitle>\" (draft on file with author), University of " "Chicago Law School, 5 August 2003." msgstr "" -"Hvis et utmerket argument at slik bruk er \"rettferdig bruk\", men at " -"jurister ikke tillater anerkjennelse som det er \"rettferdig bruk,\" se " -"richard a. posner med william f. patry, \"rettferdig bruk og lovbestemte " -"reform i kjølvannet av eldred\" (utkast pÃ¥ filen med forfatteren), " -"university of chicago law school, 5 august 2003." +"Ønsker du Ã¥ lese en flott redegjørelse om hvordan dette er \"fair use\", og " +"hvordan advokatene ikke anerkjenner det, sÃ¥ les Richard A. Posner og William " +"F. Patry, \"Fair Use and Statutory Reform in the Wake of <citetitle>Eldred</" +"citetitle> \" (utkast arkivert hos forfatteren), University of Chicago Law " +"School, 5. august 2003." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> msgid "" @@ -8542,18 +8573,22 @@ msgid "" "is clearly a fair use of <citetitle>The Simpsons</citetitle>—and fair " "use does not require the permission of anyone." msgstr "" +"Men nÃ¥r jurister hører denne historien om Jon Else og Fox, sÃ¥ er deres " +"første tanke \"rimelig bruk\".<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> " +"Elses bruk av 4,5 sekunder med et indirekte klipp av en <citetitle>Simpsons</" +"citetitle>-episode er et klart eksempel pÃ¥ \"rimelig bruk\" av " +"<citetitle>The Simpsons</citetitle>— og \"rimelig bruk\" krever ingen " +"tillatelse fra noen." #. PAGE BREAK 109 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "So I asked Else why he didn't just rely upon \"fair use.\" Here's his reply:" msgstr "" -"sÃ¥ jeg spurte er hvorfor han ikke bare stole pÃ¥ \"rettferdig bruk.\" her " -"annet hans svar:" +"SÃ¥ jeg spurte Else om hvorfor han ikke bare stolte pÃ¥ \"fair use\". Og her " +"er hans svar:" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "The <citetitle>Simpsons</citetitle> fiasco was for me a great lesson in the " "gulf between what lawyers find irrelevant in some abstract sense, and what " @@ -8562,16 +8597,15 @@ msgid "" "fair use\" in an absolute legal sense. But I couldn't rely on the concept in " "any concrete way. Here's why:" msgstr "" -"simpsons fiasco var for meg en fin leksjon i avgrunnen mellom hvilket " -"advokater finne irrelevant i noen abstrakt forstand, og hva er crushingly " -"relevant i praksis for de av oss faktisk prøver Ã¥ gjøre og kringkaste " -"dokumentarer. Jeg har aldri hatt noen tvil om at det var \"klart fair use\" " -"i en absolutt juridisk forstand. men jeg kunne ikke stole pÃ¥ konseptet pÃ¥ " -"noen konkret mÃ¥te. Her er hvorfor:" +"<citetitle>Simpsons</citetitle>-fiaskoen lærte meg om hvor stor avstand det " +"var mellom det jurister finner urelevant pÃ¥ en abstrakt mÃ¥te, og hva som er " +"knusende relevant pÃ¥ en konkret mÃ¥te for oss som prøver Ã¥ lage og kringkaste " +"dokumentarer. Jeg tvilte aldri pÃ¥ at dette helt klart var \"rimelig bruk\", " +"men jeg kunne ikke stole pÃ¥ konseptet pÃ¥ noen konkret mÃ¥te. Og dette er " +"grunnen:" #. 1. #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "Before our films can be broadcast, the network requires that we buy Errors " "and Omissions insurance. The carriers require a detailed \"visual cue sheet" @@ -8579,18 +8613,17 @@ msgid "" "take a dim view of \"fair use,\" and a claim of \"fair use\" can grind the " "application process to a halt." msgstr "" -"før vÃ¥r filmer som kan sendes, krever nettverket at vi kjøper feil og " -"utelatelser forsikring. operatører krever en detaljert \"visual cue ark\" " -"liste over kilden og lisensiering status for hver skudd i filmen. de tar en " -"dim visning av \"fair use\", og et krav om \"fair use\" kan slipe " -"søknadsprosessen til Ã¥ stoppe." +"Før vÃ¥re filmer kan kringkastes, krever nettverket at vi kjøper en \"Errors " +"and Omissions\"-forsikring. Den krever en detailjert \"visual cue sheet\" " +"med alle kilder og lisens-status pÃ¥ alle scener i filmen. De har et smalt " +"syn pÃ¥ \"fair use\", og Ã¥ pÃ¥stÃ¥ at noe er nettopp det kan forsinke, og i " +"verste fall stoppe, prosessen." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><para><indexterm><primary> msgid "Lucas, George" msgstr "Lucas, George" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "I probably never should have asked Matt Groening in the first place. But I " "knew (at least from folklore) that Fox had a history of tracking down and " @@ -8602,46 +8635,42 @@ msgid "" "I wanted was to risk legal trouble, even nuisance legal trouble, and even to " "defend a principle. <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" -"Jeg skulle trolig aldri ha spurt matt groening i utgangspunktet. men jeg " -"visste (minst fra folklore) at fox hadde en historie for Ã¥ spore ned og " -"stopper ulisensiert simpsons-bruk, akkurat som george lucas hadde en meget " -"høy profil prosedere star wars-bruk. sÃ¥ jeg besluttet Ã¥ spille av boken, " -"tenker at vi ville bli gitt gratis eller Billige lisens til fire sekunder av " -"simpsons. som en dokumentar produsent arbeider til utmattelse pÃ¥ en " -"shoestring, var den siste tingen jeg ønsket Ã¥ risikere juridiske problemer, " -"selv ordensforstyrrelser juridiske problemer, og selv for Ã¥ forsvare et " -"prinsipp." +"Jeg skulle nok aldri ha bedt om Matt Groenings tillatelse. Men jeg visste " +"(ihvertfall fra rykter) at Fox tidligere hadde brukt Ã¥ jakte pÃ¥ og stoppe " +"ulisensiert bruk av <citetitle>The Simpsons</citetitle>, pÃ¥ samme mÃ¥te som " +"George Lucas var veldig ivrig pÃ¥ Ã¥ forfølge bruken av <citetitle>Star Wars</" +"citetitle>. SÃ¥ jeg bestemte meg for Ã¥ følge boka, og trodde at vi kulle fÃ¥ " +"til en gratis, i alle fall rimelig, avtale for fire sekunders bruk av " +"<citetitle>The Simpsons</citetitle>. Som en dokumentarskaper, arbeidende pÃ¥ " +"randen av utryddelse, var det siste jeg ønsket en juridisk strid, selv for Ã¥ " +"forsvare et prinsipp." #. 3. #. PAGE BREAK 110 #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" -"I did, in fact, speak with one of your colleagues at Stanford Law " -"School . . . who confirmed that it was fair use. He also confirmed that Fox " +"I did, in fact, speak with one of your colleagues at Stanford Law School " +"… who confirmed that it was fair use. He also confirmed that Fox " "would \"depose and litigate you to within an inch of your life,\" regardless " "of the merits of my claim. He made clear that it would boil down to who had " "the bigger legal department and the deeper pockets, me or them." msgstr "" -"Jeg gjorde, faktisk snakke med en av dine kolleger ved stanford law " -"school... som bekreftet at det var rimelig bruk. han bekreftet ogsÃ¥ at fox " -"ville \"avsette og litigate du innenfor en tomme av livet,\" uavhengig av " -"fordelene ved mitt krav. Han gjorde det klart at det ville koker ned til " -"hvem som hadde større juridiske avdelingen og dypere lommebøker, meg eller " -"dem." +"Jeg snakket faktisk med en av dine kolleger pÃ¥ Stanford Law School … " +"som bekreftet at dette var rimelig bruk. Han bekreftet ogsÃ¥ at Fox ville " +"\"depose and litigate you to within an inch of your life\", uavhengig av " +"sannheten i mine krav. Han gjorde det klart at alt ville koke ned til hvem " +"som hadde flest jurister og dypest lommer, jeg eller dem." #. 4. #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><orderedlist><listitem><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "The question of fair use usually comes up at the end of the project, when we " "are up against a release deadline and out of money." msgstr "" -"spørsmÃ¥let om rettferdig bruk kommer vanligvis pÃ¥ slutten av prosjektet, nÃ¥r " -"vi er opp mot en release frist og tom for penger." +"SpørsmÃ¥let om \"fair use\" dukker om regel opp helt mot slutten av " +"prosjektet, nÃ¥r vi nærmer oss siste frist og er tomme for penger." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "In theory, fair use means you need no permission. The theory therefore " "supports free culture and insulates against a permission culture. But in " @@ -8650,25 +8679,24 @@ msgid "" "effective fair use for many types of creators is slight. The law has the " "right aim; practice has defeated the aim." msgstr "" -"i teorien betyr fair use du trenger ingen tillatelse. teorien derfor støtter " -"fri kultur og isolerer mot en tillatelse kultur. men i praksis, rettferdig " -"bruk funksjonene veldig annerledes. krusete linjene av loven, knyttet til " -"det ekstraordinære ansvaret Hvis linjer er krysset, betyr at effektiv " -"rettferdig bruk for mange typer skaperne er liten. loven har høyre mÃ¥l; " -"praksis har beseiret mÃ¥let." +"I teorien betyr \"fair use\" at du ikke trenger tillatelse. Teorien støtter " +"derfor den frie kultur og arbeider mot tillatelseskulturen. Men i praksis " +"fungerer \"fair use\" helt annerledes. Men de uklare linjene i lovverket, " +"samt de fryktelige konsekvensene dersom man tar feil, gjør at mange " +"kunstnere ikke stoler pÃ¥ \"fair use\". Loven har en svært god hensikt, men " +"praksisen har ikke fulgt opp." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> -#, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "This practice shows just how far the law has come from its eighteenth-" "century roots. The law was born as a shield to protect publishers' profits " "against the unfair competition of a pirate. It has matured into a sword that " "interferes with any use, transformative or not." msgstr "" -"denne øvelsen viser bare hvor langt loven har kommet fra sine 1700-tallet " -"røtter. loven ble født som et skjold for Ã¥ beskytte utgivere fortjeneste mot " -"urettferdig konkurranse av en pirat. Det har modnet til et sverd som " -"forstyrrer bruke transformative eller ikke." +"Dette eksempelet viser hvor langt denne loven har kommet fra sine " +"syttenhundretalls røtter. Loven som skulle beskytte utgiverne mot " +"urettferdig piratkonkurranse, hadde utviklet seg til et sverd som slo ned pÃ¥ " +"_all_ bruk, transformativ* eller ikke." #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><title> msgid "CHAPTER EIGHT: Transformers" @@ -8912,7 +8940,7 @@ msgid "" "and said, \"Oh, my gosh, a film, it's so many copyrights, there's the music, " "there's the screenplay, there's the director, there's the actors.\" But we " "just broke it down. We just put it into its constituent parts and said, " -"\"Okay, there's this many actors, this many directors, . . . this many " +"\"Okay, there's this many actors, this many directors, … this many " "musicians,\" and we just went at it very systematically and cleared the " "rights." msgstr "" @@ -8959,8 +8987,8 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" -"For, as he acknowledged, \"very few . . . have the time and resources, and " -"the will to do this,\" and thus, very few such works would ever be made. " +"For, as he acknowledged, \"very few … have the time and resources, " +"and the will to do this,\" and thus, very few such works would ever be made. " "Does it make sense, I asked him, from the standpoint of what anybody really " "thought they were ever giving rights for originally, that you would have to " "go clear rights for these kinds of clips?" @@ -8975,9 +9003,9 @@ msgstr "" #, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "I don't think so. When an actor renders a performance in a movie, he or she " -"gets paid very well. . . . And then when 30 seconds of that performance is " -"used in a new product that is a retrospective of somebody's career, I don't " -"think that that person . . . should be compensated for that." +"gets paid very well. … And then when 30 seconds of that performance " +"is used in a new product that is a retrospective of somebody's career, I " +"don't think that that person … should be compensated for that." msgstr "" "jeg tror ikke det. NÃ¥r en aktør gjengir en forestilling i en film, han eller " "hun fÃ¥r svært godt betalt.... og deretter nÃ¥r 30 sekunder av denne " @@ -9561,8 +9589,8 @@ msgid "" "fictional television character? If you were a graduate student wanting to " "study that, and you wanted to get those original back and forth exchanges " "between the two, the <citetitle>60 Minutes</citetitle> episode that came out " -"after it . . . it would be almost impossible. . . . Those materials are " -"almost unfindable. . . ." +"after it … it would be almost impossible. … Those materials " +"are almost unfindable. …" msgstr "" "husker du nÃ¥r dan quayle samhandlet med murphy brown? Husk at frem og " "tilbake surrealistisk opplevelse av en politiker samarbeidsstil et fiktive " @@ -9880,13 +9908,13 @@ msgstr "" #, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "It looks like there's about two to three million recordings of music. Ever. " -"There are about a hundred thousand theatrical releases of movies, . . . and " -"about one to two million movies [distributed] during the twentieth century. " -"There are about twenty-six million different titles of books. All of these " -"would fit on computers that would fit in this room and be able to be " -"afforded by a small company. So we're at a turning point in our history. " +"There are about a hundred thousand theatrical releases of movies, … " +"and about one to two million movies [distributed] during the twentieth " +"century. There are about twenty-six million different titles of books. All " +"of these would fit on computers that would fit in this room and be able to " +"be afforded by a small company. So we're at a turning point in our history. " "Universal access is the goal. And the opportunity of leading a different " -"life, based on this, is . . . thrilling. It could be one of the things " +"life, based on this, is … thrilling. It could be one of the things " "humankind would be most proud of. Up there with the Library of Alexandria, " "putting a man on the moon, and the invention of the printing press." msgstr "" @@ -10926,7 +10954,7 @@ msgid "" "wary of the request. It is always a bad deal for the government to get into " "the business of regulating speech markets. The risks and dangers of that " "game are precisely why our framers created the First Amendment to our " -"Constitution: \"Congress shall make no law . . . abridging the freedom of " +"Constitution: \"Congress shall make no law … abridging the freedom of " "speech.\" So when Congress is being asked to pass laws that would \"abridge" "\" the freedom of speech, it should ask— carefully—whether such " "regulation is justified." @@ -13828,10 +13856,10 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><section><blockquote><para> msgid "" "Murdoch's companies now constitute a production system unmatched in its " -"integration. They supply content—Fox movies . . . Fox TV shows . . . " -"Fox-controlled sports broadcasts, plus newspapers and books. They sell the " -"content to the public and to advertisers—in newspapers, on the " -"broadcast network, on the cable channels. And they operate the physical " +"integration. They supply content—Fox movies … Fox TV shows " +"… Fox-controlled sports broadcasts, plus newspapers and books. They " +"sell the content to the public and to advertisers—in newspapers, on " +"the broadcast network, on the cable channels. And they operate the physical " "distribution system through which the content reaches the customers. " "Murdoch's satellite systems now distribute News Corp. content in Europe and " "Asia; if Murdoch becomes DirecTV's largest single owner, that system will " @@ -14840,7 +14868,8 @@ msgstr "" #, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "\"What affects it?\" the father asks. \"Those queer things that are called " -"the eyes . . . are diseased . . . in such a way as to affect his brain.\"" +"the eyes … are diseased … in such a way as to affect his brain." +"\"" msgstr "" "\"hva pÃ¥virker det?\" spør Faderen. \"de skeiv ting som kalles øynene... er " "sykelig... pÃ¥ en mÃ¥te som pÃ¥virker hans hjernen.\"" @@ -14870,7 +14899,7 @@ msgid "" "The DNA in the blood, for example, might be different from the DNA of the " "skin. This possibility is an underused plot for murder mysteries. \"But the " "DNA shows with 100 percent certainty that she was not the person whose blood " -"was at the scene. . . .\"" +"was at the scene. …\"" msgstr "" "\"thank heaven for science!\", sier faren til legen. de informere nunez av " "denne tilstanden som er nødvendig for ham Ã¥ være tillatt hans brud. (du mÃ¥ " @@ -15589,7 +15618,7 @@ msgid "" "We're losing [creative] opportunities right and left. Creative people are " "being forced not to express themselves. Thoughts are not being expressed. " "And while a lot of stuff may [still] be created, it still won't get " -"distributed. Even if the stuff gets made . . . you're not going to get it " +"distributed. Even if the stuff gets made … you're not going to get it " "distributed in the mainstream media unless you've got a little note from a " "lawyer saying, \"This has been cleared.\" You're not even going to get it on " "PBS without that kind of permission. That's the point at which they control " @@ -15913,7 +15942,7 @@ msgid "" "had rigged a new vehicle to play MP3s via the car's built-in sound system, " "but that the company's marketing and legal departments weren't comfortable " "with pushing this forward for release stateside. Even today, no new cars are " -"sold in the United States with bona fide MP3 players. . . . <placeholder " +"sold in the United States with bona fide MP3 players. … <placeholder " "type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" @@ -16340,7 +16369,7 @@ msgid "" "thus ending the unnatural restrictions imposed on radio in the crowded " "longwaves. If FM were freely developed, the number of stations would be " "limited only by economics and competition rather than by technical " -"restrictions. . . . Armstrong likened the situation that had grown up in " +"restrictions. … Armstrong likened the situation that had grown up in " "radio to that following the invention of the printing press, when " "governments and ruling interests attempted to control this new instrument of " "mass communications by imposing restrictive licenses on it. This tyranny was " @@ -16626,11 +16655,11 @@ msgid "" "about what they thought a willing buyer would pay to a willing seller, and " "it was much higher. It was ten times higher than what radio stations pay to " "perform the same songs for the same period of time. And so the attorneys " -"representing the webcasters asked the RIAA, . . . \"How do you come up with " -"a rate that's so much higher? Why is it worth more than radio? Because here " -"we have hundreds of thousands of webcasters who want to pay, and that should " -"establish the market rate, and if you set the rate so high, you're going to " -"drive the small webcasters out of business. . . .\"" +"representing the webcasters asked the RIAA, … \"How do you come up " +"with a rate that's so much higher? Why is it worth more than radio? Because " +"here we have hundreds of thousands of webcasters who want to pay, and that " +"should establish the market rate, and if you set the rate so high, you're " +"going to drive the small webcasters out of business. …\"" msgstr "" "riaa, som var som representerer plateselskapene, presentert noen vitnesbyrd " "om hva de tenkte en villig kjøper betaler til en villig selger, og det var " @@ -17159,12 +17188,12 @@ msgstr "" #, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" "then all of a sudden a lot of basic civil liberty protections evaporate to " -"one degree or another. . . . If you're a copyright infringer, how can you " +"one degree or another. … If you're a copyright infringer, how can you " "hope to have any privacy rights? If you're a copyright infringer, how can " "you hope to be secure against seizures of your computer? How can you hope to " -"continue to receive Internet access? . . . Our sensibilities change as soon " -"as we think, \"Oh, well, but that person's a criminal, a lawbreaker.\" Well, " -"what this campaign against file sharing has done is turn a remarkable " +"continue to receive Internet access? … Our sensibilities change as " +"soon as we think, \"Oh, well, but that person's a criminal, a lawbreaker.\" " +"Well, what this campaign against file sharing has done is turn a remarkable " "percentage of the American Internet-using population into \"lawbreakers.\"" msgstr "" "sÃ¥ plutselig en rekke grunnleggende frihet for sivil beskyttelse fordampe " @@ -17335,7 +17364,7 @@ msgid "" "[but] many have noted that the war against drugs has eroded all of our civil " "liberties because it's treated so many Americans as criminals. Well, I think " "it's fair to say that file sharing is an order of magnitude larger number of " -"Americans than drug use. . . . If forty to sixty million Americans have " +"Americans than drug use. … If forty to sixty million Americans have " "become lawbreakers, then we're really on a slippery slope to lose a lot of " "civil liberties for all forty to sixty million of them." msgstr "" @@ -17683,9 +17712,9 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><blockquote><para> #, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" -"Congress has the power to promote the Progress of Science . . . by securing " -"for limited Times to Authors . . . exclusive Right to their . . . " -"Writings. . . ." +"Congress has the power to promote the Progress of Science … by " +"securing for limited Times to Authors … exclusive Right to their " +"… Writings. …" msgstr "" "Kongressen har makt til Ã¥ fremme utviklingen av vitenskap... ved Ã¥ sikre for " "begrenset ganger til forfattere... eksklusive rett til deres... skrifter...." @@ -17698,9 +17727,9 @@ msgid "" "to Congress simply says Congress has the power to do something—for " "example, to regulate \"commerce among the several states\" or \"declare War." "\" But here, the \"something\" is something quite specific—to " -"\"promote . . . Progress\"—through means that are also specific— " -"by \"securing\" \"exclusive Rights\" (i.e., copyrights) \"for limited Times." -"\"" +"\"promote … Progress\"—through means that are also " +"specific— by \"securing\" \"exclusive Rights\" (i.e., copyrights) " +"\"for limited Times.\"" msgstr "" "som jeg har beskrevet, denne bestemmelsen er unikt innenfor strøm-granting-" "setningsdel i artikkelen i, Seksjon 8 av vÃ¥r grunnlov. hver andre " @@ -20413,15 +20442,24 @@ msgstr "Bolling, Ruben" msgid "" "The best responses were in the cartoons. There was a gaggle of hilarious " "images—of Mickey in jail and the like. The best, from my view of the " -"case, was Ruben Bolling's, reproduced on the next page. The \"powerful and " -"wealthy\" line is a bit unfair. But the punch in the face felt exactly like " -"that. <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" id=\"0\"/>" +"case, was Ruben Bolling's, reproduced on the next page (<xref linkend=" +"\"fig-18\"/>). The \"powerful and wealthy\" line is a bit unfair. But the " +"punch in the face felt exactly like that. <placeholder type=\"indexterm\" " +"id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "" "de beste svarene var i tegneserier. Det var en gaggle av morsom bilder—" "av mickey i fengsel og lignende. best, fra min mening i saken, var ruben " "bolling, gjengis pÃ¥ neste side. linjen \"kraftige og velstÃ¥ende\" er en " "smule urettferdig. Men slag i ansiktet følte akkurat sÃ¥nn." +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure><title> +msgid "Tom the Dancing Bug cartoon" +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><figure> +msgid "<graphic fileref=\"images/18.png\"></graphic>" +msgstr "<graphic fileref=\"images/18.png\"></graphic>" + #. type: Content of: <book><part><chapter><para> #, mtrans, fuzzy msgid "" @@ -21362,8 +21400,8 @@ msgstr "" msgid "" "However, the United States government opposed the bill. Indeed, more than " "opposed. As the International Intellectual Property Association " -"characterized it, \"The U.S. government pressured South Africa . . . not to " -"permit compulsory licensing or parallel imports.\"<placeholder type=" +"characterized it, \"The U.S. government pressured South Africa … not " +"to permit compulsory licensing or parallel imports.\"<placeholder type=" "\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/> Through the Office of the United States Trade " "Representative, the government asked South Africa to change the law—" "and to add pressure to that request, in 1998, the USTR listed South Africa " @@ -21381,7 +21419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Men USA var imot lovendringen. Og de nøyde seg ikke med Ã¥ være imot. Som " "International Intellectual Property Association karakteriserte det, " -"\"Myndighetene i USA presset Sør-Afrika . . . til Ã¥ ikke tillate tvungen " +"\"Myndighetene i USA presset Sør-Afrika … til Ã¥ ikke tillate tvungen " "lisensiering eller parallellimport\"<placeholder type=\"footnote\" id=\"0\"/" "> Gjennom kontoret til USAs handelsrepresentant (USTR), ba myndighetene Sør-" "Afrika om Ã¥ endre loven—og for Ã¥ legge press bak den forespørselen, " @@ -22406,11 +22444,11 @@ msgstr "" #. f12. #. type: Content of: <book><chapter><para><footnote><para> msgid "" -"Jon Wiederhorn, \"Eminem Gets Sued . . . by a Little Old Lady,\" mtv.com, 17 " -"September 2003, available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/" +"Jon Wiederhorn, \"Eminem Gets Sued … by a Little Old Lady,\" mtv.com, " +"17 September 2003, available at <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/notes/" "\">link #68</ulink>." msgstr "" -"Jon Wiederhorn, \"Eminem Gets Sued . . . by a Little Old Lady,\" mtv.com, " +"Jon Wiederhorn, \"Eminem Gets Sued … by a Little Old Lady,\" mtv.com, " "17. september 2003, tilgjengelig fra <ulink url=\"http://free-culture.cc/" "notes/\">link #68</ulink>."