From 1103a4b0c31635234f6f0a58a8efab437ebad711 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Petter Reinholdtsen Date: Mon, 19 Oct 2020 08:50:07 +0200 Subject: [PATCH] Updated POT. --- po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pot | 840 +++++++++--------- 1 file changed, 424 insertions(+), 416 deletions(-) diff --git a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pot b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pot index 9c388c7..b64c166 100644 --- a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pot +++ b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pot @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism n/a\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-13 22:21+0200\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-19 08:49+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" @@ -83,8 +83,16 @@ msgid "" "url=\"https://www.lulu.com/\"/>." msgstr "" +#. type: Content of:
+#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:54 +msgid "" +"If you find typos, error or have other corrections to the translated text, " +"please update on ." +msgstr "" + #. type: Content of:
-#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:55 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:61 msgid "" " -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:62 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:68 msgid "Creative Commons, Some rights reserved" msgstr "" #. type: Content of:
-#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:54 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:60 msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of:
-#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:69 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:75 msgid "" "This book is licensed under a Creative Commons license. This license permits " "any use of this work, so long as attribution is given and no derivatived " @@ -112,12 +120,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of:
-#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:77 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:83 msgid "The net of a thousand lies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:79 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:85 msgid "" "The most surprising thing about the rebirth of flat Earthers in the 21st " "century is just how widespread the evidence against them is. You can " @@ -127,7 +135,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:87 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:93 msgid "" "But today, when elementary schools routinely dangle GoPro cameras from " "balloons and loft them high enough to photograph the Earth’s curve — to say " @@ -137,7 +145,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:94 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:100 msgid "" "Likewise for white nationalism and eugenics: In an age where you can become " "a computational genomics datapoint by swabbing your cheek and mailing it to " @@ -146,7 +154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:100 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:106 msgid "" "We are living through a golden age of both readily available facts and " "denial of those facts. Terrible ideas that have lingered on the fringes for " @@ -154,7 +162,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:106 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:112 msgid "" "When an obscure idea gains currency, there are only two things that can " "explain its ascendance: Either the person expressing that idea has gotten a " @@ -169,7 +177,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:119 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:125 msgid "" "The arguments for ridiculous beliefs in odious conspiracies like " "anti-vaccination, climate denial, a flat Earth, and eugenics are no better " @@ -179,7 +187,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:126 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:132 msgid "" "Anti-vax has been around since the first vaccines, but the early " "anti-vaxxers were pitching people who were less equipped to understand even " @@ -190,14 +198,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:135 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:141 msgid "" "So can these far-fetched conspiracy theorists really be succeeding on the " "basis of superior arguments?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:139 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:145 msgid "" "Some people think so. Today, there is a widespread belief that machine " "learning and commercial surveillance can turn even the most fumble-tongued " @@ -215,7 +223,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:155 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:161 msgid "" "After all, in a world where sprawling and incoherent conspiracy theories " "like Pizzagate and its successor, QAnon, have widespread followings, " @@ -223,7 +231,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:160 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:166 msgid "" "But what if there’s another explanation? What if it’s the material " "circumstances, and not the arguments, that are making the difference for " @@ -236,7 +244,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:170 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:176 msgid "" "If it’s trauma and not contagion — material conditions and not ideology — " "that is making the difference today and enabling a rise of repulsive " @@ -247,7 +255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:178 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:184 msgid "" "Belief in conspiracy is a raging fire that has done real damage and poses " "real danger to our planet and species, from epidemics <ulink " @@ -261,7 +269,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:190 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:196 msgid "" "But firefighting is reactive. We need fire " "<emphasis>prevention</emphasis>. We need to strike at the traumatic material " @@ -270,7 +278,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:196 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:202 msgid "" "There’s no shortage of proposals to address this. From the EU’s <ulink " "url=\"https://edri.org/tag/terreg/\">Terrorist Content Regulation</ulink>, " @@ -284,7 +292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:207 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:213 msgid "" "There’s a critical piece missing from the debate, though. All these " "solutions assume that tech companies are a fixture, that their dominance " @@ -296,7 +304,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:217 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:223 msgid "" "Figuring out what we want our tech to look like is crucial if we’re going to " "get out of this mess. Today, we’re at a crossroads where we’re trying to " @@ -306,19 +314,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:225 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:231 msgid "" "I want us to choose wisely. Taming Big Tech is integral to fixing the " "internet, and for that, we need digital rights activism." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:229 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:235 msgid "Digital rights activism, a quarter-century on" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:231 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:237 msgid "" "Digital rights activism is more than 30 years old now. The Electronic " "Frontier Foundation turned 30 this year; the Free Software Foundation " @@ -341,7 +349,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:252 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:258 msgid "" "The latest version of this critique comes in the form of <quote>surveillance " "capitalism,</quote> a term coined by business professor Shoshana Zuboff in " @@ -365,7 +373,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:273 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:279 msgid "" "What’s more, I think that her incorrect diagnosis will lead us down a path " "that ends up making Big Tech stronger, not weaker. We need to take down Big " @@ -373,12 +381,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:279 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:285 msgid "Tech exceptionalism, then and now" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:281 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:287 msgid "" "Early critics of the digital rights movement — perhaps best represented by " "campaigning organizations like the Electronic Frontier Foundation, the Free " @@ -395,7 +403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:296 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:302 msgid "" "In the decades since, accusations of <quote>tech exceptionalism</quote> have " "only sharpened as tech’s role in everyday life has expanded: Now that tech " @@ -406,7 +414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:304 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:310 msgid "" "From my perspective, the digital rights movement has remained stationary " "while the rest of the world has moved. From the earliest days, the " @@ -419,7 +427,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:315 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:321 msgid "" "The <quote>surveillance capitalism</quote> critique recasts the digital " "rights movement in a new light again: not as alarmists who overestimate the " @@ -430,17 +438,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:323 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:329 msgid "But tech exceptionalism is a sin no matter who practices it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:326 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:332 msgid "Don’t believe the hype" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:328 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:334 msgid "" "You’ve probably heard that <quote>if you’re not paying for the product, " "you’re the product.</quote> As we’ll see below, that’s true, if incomplete. " @@ -452,7 +460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:338 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:344 msgid "" "The fear of surveillance capitalism starts from the (correct) presumption " "that everything Big Tech says about itself is probably a lie. But the " @@ -466,7 +474,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:350 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:356 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism assumes that because advertisers buy a lot of what " "Big Tech is selling, Big Tech must be selling something real. But Big Tech’s " @@ -476,7 +484,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:357 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:363 msgid "" "Being watched changes your behavior, and not for the better. It creates " "risks for our social progress. Zuboff’s book features beautifully wrought " @@ -491,12 +499,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:371 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:377 msgid "What is persuasion?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:373 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:379 msgid "" "To understand why you shouldn’t worry about mind-control rays — but why you " "<emphasis>should</emphasis> worry about surveillance " @@ -505,7 +513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:379 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:385 msgid "" "Google, Facebook, and other surveillance capitalists promise their customers " "(the advertisers) that if they use machine-learning tools trained on " @@ -516,14 +524,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:388 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:394 msgid "" "The impact of dominance far exceeds the impact of manipulation and should be " "central to our analysis and any remedies we seek." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:393 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:399 msgid "" "But there’s little evidence that this is happening. Instead, the predictions " "that surveillance capitalism delivers to its customers are much less " @@ -533,12 +541,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:400 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:406 msgid "1. Segmenting" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:402 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:408 msgid "" "If you’re selling diapers, you have better luck if you pitch them to people " "in maternity wards. Not everyone who enters or leaves a maternity ward just " @@ -550,7 +558,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:413 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:419 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism is segmenting times a billion. Diaper vendors can go " "way beyond people in maternity wards (though they can do that, too, with " @@ -565,22 +573,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:427 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:433 msgid "This is seriously creepy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:430 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:436 msgid "But it’s not mind control." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:433 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:439 msgid "It doesn’t deprive you of your free will. It doesn’t trick you." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:436 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:442 msgid "" "Think of how surveillance capitalism works in politics. Surveillance " "capitalist companies sell political operatives the power to locate people " @@ -593,7 +601,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:447 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:453 msgid "" "But this is an inexact and thus wasteful practice. The union organizer can’t " "know which worker to approach on the way out of the factory gates and may " @@ -605,7 +613,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:457 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:463 msgid "" "Because targeting improves the yields on political pitches, it can " "accelerate the pace of political upheaval by making it possible for everyone " @@ -618,7 +626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:468 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:474 msgid "" "It’s important to differentiate this kind of political organizing from " "influence campaigns; finding people who secretly agree with you isn’t the " @@ -630,7 +638,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:477 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:483 msgid "" "But the personal accounts of those who have come out tell a different story " "where people who long harbored a secret about their gender were emboldened " @@ -641,12 +649,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:486 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:492 msgid "2. Deception" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:488 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:494 msgid "" "Lies and fraud are pernicious, and surveillance capitalism supercharges them " "through targeting. If you want to sell a fraudulent payday loan or subprime " @@ -660,7 +668,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:500 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:506 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism also abets fraud by making it easy to locate other " "people who have been similarly deceived, forming a community of people who " @@ -672,7 +680,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:510 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:516 msgid "" "Sometimes, online deception involves replacing someone’s correct beliefs " "with incorrect ones, as it does in the anti-vaccination movement, whose " @@ -682,7 +690,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:517 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:523 msgid "" "But it’s much more common for fraud to succeed when it doesn’t have to " "displace a true belief. When my daughter contracted head lice at daycare, " @@ -695,7 +703,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:528 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:534 msgid "" "This is pernicious and difficult — and it’s also the kind of thing the " "internet can help guard against by making true information available, " @@ -713,12 +721,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:545 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:551 msgid "3. Domination" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:547 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:553 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism is the result of monopoly. Monopoly is the cause, " "and surveillance capitalism and its negative outcomes are the effects of " @@ -729,7 +737,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:556 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:562 msgid "" "One example of how monopolism aids in persuasion is through dominance: " "Google makes editorial decisions about its algorithms that determine the " @@ -744,7 +752,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:569 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:575 msgid "" "Google’s dominance over search — more than 86% of web searches are performed " "through Google — means that the way it orders its search results has an " @@ -758,7 +766,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:581 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:587 msgid "" "Zuboff calls surveillance capitalism a <quote>rogue capitalism</quote> whose " "data-hoarding and machine-learning techniques rob us of our free will. But " @@ -774,12 +782,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:596 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:602 msgid "4. Bypassing our rational faculties" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:598 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:604 msgid "" "<emphasis>This</emphasis> is the good stuff: using machine learning, " "<quote>dark patterns,</quote> engagement hacking, and other techniques to " @@ -788,7 +796,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:604 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:610 msgid "" "Some of these techniques have proven devastatingly effective (if only in the " "short term). The use of countdown timers on a purchase completion page can " @@ -803,7 +811,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:617 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:623 msgid "" "Games are extraordinarily good at this. <quote>Free to play</quote> games " "manipulate us through many techniques, such as presenting players with a " @@ -816,7 +824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:628 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:634 msgid "" "Companies have risen and fallen on these techniques, and the " "<quote>fallen</quote> part is worth paying attention to. In general, living " @@ -828,7 +836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:638 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:644 msgid "" "That’s why behavioral conditioning uses <quote>intermittent reinforcement " "schedules.</quote> Instead of giving you a steady drip of encouragement or " @@ -838,7 +846,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:646 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:652 msgid "" "Intermittent reinforcement is a powerful behavioral tool, but it also " "represents a collective action problem for surveillance capitalism. The " @@ -854,7 +862,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:661 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:667 msgid "" "From the surveillance capitalist’s point of view, our adaptive capacity is " "like a harmful bacterium that deprives it of its food source — our attention " @@ -871,7 +879,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:676 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:682 msgid "" "Not everyone, of course. Some people never adapt to stimulus, just as some " "people never stop hearing the hum of the refrigerator. This is why most " @@ -882,7 +890,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:684 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:690 msgid "" "But surveillance capitalism’s margins on behavioral modification " "suck. Tripling the rate at which someone buys a widget sounds great <ulink " @@ -893,7 +901,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:694 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:700 msgid "" "Slot machines’ high returns mean that they can be profitable just by " "draining the fortunes of the small rump of people who are pathologically " @@ -912,7 +920,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:712 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:718 msgid "" "The vulnerability of small segments of the population to dramatic, efficient " "corporate manipulation is a real concern that’s worthy of our attention and " @@ -920,12 +928,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:719 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:725 msgid "If data is the new oil, then surveillance capitalism’s engine has a leak" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:722 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:728 msgid "" "This adaptation problem offers an explanation for one of surveillance " "capitalism’s most alarming traits: its relentless hunger for data and its " @@ -935,7 +943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:729 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:735 msgid "" "Zuboff observes this phenomenon and concludes that data must be very " "valuable if surveillance capitalism is so hungry for it. (In her words: " @@ -952,14 +960,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:744 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:750 msgid "" "Of course, all of Big Tech’s persuasion techniques work in concert with one " "another, and collecting data is useful beyond mere behavioral trickery." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:749 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:755 msgid "" "If someone wants to recruit you to buy a refrigerator or join a pogrom, they " "might use profiling and targeting to send messages to people they judge to " @@ -975,7 +983,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:763 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:769 msgid "" "Each phase of this process benefits from surveillance: The more data they " "have, the more precisely they can profile you and target you with specific " @@ -985,7 +993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:770 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:776 msgid "" "Also, the more data they have, the better they can craft deceptive messages " "— if I know that you’re into genealogy, I might not try to feed you " @@ -995,7 +1003,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:777 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:783 msgid "" "Facebook also helps you locate people who have the same odious or antisocial " "views as you. It makes it possible to find other people who want to carry " @@ -1007,7 +1015,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:787 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:793 msgid "" "There is one way in which targeted advertising uniquely benefits those " "advocating for socially unacceptable causes: It is invisible. Racism is " @@ -1023,7 +1031,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:802 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:808 msgid "" "But even if you wanted to advertise your Nazi movement on a billboard or " "prime-time TV or the sports section, you would struggle to find anyone " @@ -1033,7 +1041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:810 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:816 msgid "" "Targeted ads solve this problem: On the internet, every ad unit can be " "different for every person, meaning that you can buy ads that are only shown " @@ -1046,7 +1054,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:821 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:827 msgid "" "Online ads are placed by algorithms that broker between a diverse ecosystem " "of self-serve ad platforms that anyone can buy an ad through, so the Nazi ad " @@ -1061,7 +1069,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:835 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:841 msgid "" "These layers of indirection between advertisers and publishers serve as " "moral buffers: Today’s moral consensus is largely that publishers shouldn’t " @@ -1071,7 +1079,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:843 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:849 msgid "" "Data has a complex relationship with domination. Being able to spy on your " "customers can alert you to their preferences for your rivals and allow you " @@ -1079,7 +1087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:848 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:854 msgid "" "More importantly, if you can dominate the information space while also " "gathering data, then you make other deceptive tactics stronger because it’s " @@ -1090,7 +1098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:857 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:863 msgid "" "If you’re a Nazi who wants to ensure that your prospects primarily see " "deceptive, confirming information when they search for more, you can improve " @@ -1102,7 +1110,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:866 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:872 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalists are like stage mentalists who claim that their " "extraordinary insights into human behavior let them guess the word that you " @@ -1111,7 +1119,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:873 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:879 msgid "" "Or perhaps they’re more like pick-up artists, the misogynistic cult that " "promises to help awkward men have sex with women by teaching them " @@ -1122,7 +1130,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:881 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:887 msgid "" "Some pick-up artists eventually manage to convince women to go home with " "them, but it’s not because these men have figured out how to bypass women’s " @@ -1135,7 +1143,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:892 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:898 msgid "" "Pick-up artists <emphasis>believe</emphasis> they have figured out a secret " "back door that bypasses women’s critical faculties, but they haven’t. Many " @@ -1146,7 +1154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:901 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:907 msgid "" "Pick-up artists are proof that people can believe they have developed a " "system of mind control <emphasis>even when it doesn’t " @@ -1166,7 +1174,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:919 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:925 msgid "" "Department store pioneer John Wanamaker is said to have lamented, " "<quote>Half the money I spend on advertising is wasted; the trouble is I " @@ -1178,12 +1186,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:929 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:935 msgid "What is Facebook?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:931 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:937 msgid "" "Facebook is heralded as the origin of all of our modern plagues, and it’s " "not hard to see why. Some tech companies want to lock their users in but " @@ -1197,7 +1205,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:943 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:949 msgid "" "Facebook’s surveillance regime is really without parallel in the Western " "world. Though Facebook tries to prevent itself from being visible on the " @@ -1212,14 +1220,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:957 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:963 msgid "" "Big Tech is able to practice surveillance not just because it is tech but " "because it is <emphasis>big</emphasis>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:962 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:968 msgid "" "Facebook offers similar tools to app developers, so the apps — games, fart " "machines, business review services, apps for keeping abreast of your kid’s " @@ -1233,7 +1241,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:973 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:979 msgid "" "Though it’s easy to integrate the web with Facebook — linking to news " "stories and such — Facebook products are generally not available to be " @@ -1247,7 +1255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:985 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:991 msgid "" "And Facebook is incredibly popular, with 2.3 billion claimed users (though " "many believe this figure to be inflated). Facebook has been used to organize " @@ -1260,14 +1268,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:996 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1002 msgid "" "To understand what role Facebook plays in the formulation and mobilization " "of antisocial movements, we need to understand the dual nature of Facebook." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1001 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1007 msgid "" "Because it has a lot of users and a lot of data about those users, Facebook " "is a very efficient tool for locating people with hard-to-find traits, the " @@ -1284,7 +1292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1016 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1022 msgid "" "Facebook makes finding people shopping for refrigerators a " "<emphasis>lot</emphasis> easier. It can target ads to people who’ve " @@ -1301,7 +1309,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1032 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1038 msgid "" "Facebook also makes it a lot easier to find people who have the same rare " "disease as you, which might have been impossible in earlier eras — the " @@ -1312,7 +1320,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1040 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1046 msgid "" "Facebook also makes it much easier to find people who hold the same rare " "political beliefs as you. If you’ve always harbored a secret affinity for " @@ -1327,7 +1335,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1053 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1059 msgid "" "All of this presents a dilemma for Facebook: Targeting makes the company’s " "ads more effective than traditional ads, but it also lets advertisers see " @@ -1341,7 +1349,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1064 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1070 msgid "" "To make things worse, many Facebook groups spark precious little " "discussion. Your little-league soccer team, the people with the same rare " @@ -1352,7 +1360,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1072 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1078 msgid "" "With nothing but <quote>organic</quote> discussion, Facebook would not " "generate enough traffic to sell enough ads to make the money it needs to " @@ -1361,7 +1369,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1078 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1084 msgid "" "So Facebook has to gin up traffic by sidetracking its own forums: Every time " "Facebook’s algorithm injects controversial materials — inflammatory " @@ -1374,7 +1382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1089 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1095 msgid "" "Facebook <emphasis>can</emphasis> modify our behavior but only in a couple " "of trivial ways. First, it can lock in all your friends and family members " @@ -1387,7 +1395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1100 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1106 msgid "" "This is why Facebook’s targeting systems — both the ones it shows to " "advertisers and the ones that let users find people who share their " @@ -1399,7 +1407,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1110 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1116 msgid "" "The more time you spend on Facebook, the more ads it gets to show you. The " "solution to Facebook’s ads only working one in a thousand times is for the " @@ -1413,12 +1421,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1122 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1128 msgid "Monopoly and the right to the future tense" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1124 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1130 msgid "" "Zuboff and her cohort are particularly alarmed at the extent to which " "surveillance allows corporations to influence our decisions, taking away " @@ -1427,7 +1435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1131 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1137 msgid "" "It’s true that advertising can tip the scales one way or another: When " "you’re thinking of buying a fridge, a timely fridge ad might end the search " @@ -1440,7 +1448,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1142 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1148 msgid "" "By contrast, Zuboff is rather sanguine about 40 years of lax antitrust " "practice that has allowed a handful of companies to dominate the internet, " @@ -1451,7 +1459,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1150 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1156 msgid "" "However, if we are to be alarmed that we might lose the right to choose for " "ourselves what our future will hold, then monopoly’s nonspeculative, " @@ -1460,7 +1468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1156 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1162 msgid "" "Start with <quote>digital rights management.</quote> In 1998, Bill Clinton " "signed the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) into law. It’s a complex " @@ -1469,7 +1477,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1162 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1168 msgid "" "This is a blanket ban on tampering with systems that restrict access to " "copyrighted works. The ban is so thoroughgoing that it prohibits removing a " @@ -1480,7 +1488,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1170 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1176 msgid "" "For example, Section 1201’s first major application was on DVD players as a " "means of enforcing the region coding built into those devices. DVD-CCA, the " @@ -1494,7 +1502,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1182 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1188 msgid "" "However, watching a lawfully produced disc in a country other than the one " "where you purchased it is not copyright infringement — it’s the " @@ -1505,7 +1513,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1190 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1196 msgid "" "The fact that a movie studio wants to charge Indians less than Americans or " "release in Australia later than it releases in the U.K. has no bearing on " @@ -1514,7 +1522,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1197 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1203 msgid "" "So DVD and DVD player manufacturers would not be able to use accusations of " "abetting copyright infringement to punish manufacturers who made " @@ -1524,7 +1532,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1205 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1211 msgid "" "That’s where Section 1201 of the DMCA comes in: By banning tampering with an " "<quote>access control,</quote> the rule gave manufacturers and rights " @@ -1534,7 +1542,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1212 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1218 msgid "" "This is an odious scam against consumers, but as time went by, Section 1201 " "grew to encompass a rapidly expanding constellation of devices and services " @@ -1542,14 +1550,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1220 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1226 msgid "" "Any device with software in it contains a <quote>copyrighted work</quote> — " "i.e., the software." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1226 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1232 msgid "" "A device can be designed so that reconfiguring the software requires " "bypassing an <quote>access control for copyrighted works,</quote> which is a " @@ -1557,7 +1565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1233 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1239 msgid "" "Thus, companies can control their customers’ behavior after they take home " "their purchases by designing products so that all unpermitted uses require " @@ -1565,7 +1573,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1241 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1247 msgid "" "Section 1201 then becomes a means for manufacturers of all descriptions to " "force their customers to arrange their affairs to benefit the manufacturers’ " @@ -1573,7 +1581,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1246 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1252 msgid "" "This manifests in many ways: from a new generation of inkjet printers that " "use countermeasures to prevent third-party ink that cannot be bypassed " @@ -1584,7 +1592,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1255 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1261 msgid "" "Closer to home, Apple’s iPhones use these measures to prevent both " "third-party service and third-party software installation. This allows Apple " @@ -1598,7 +1606,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1268 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1274 msgid "" "Apple’s use of copyright locks also allows it to establish a monopoly over " "how its customers acquire software for their mobile devices. The App Store’s " @@ -1610,7 +1618,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1278 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1284 msgid "" "Crucially, Apple’s use of copyright locks gives it the power to make " "editorial decisions about which apps you may and may not install on your own " @@ -1626,7 +1634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1291 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1297 msgid "" "Apple often justifies monopoly power over software installation in the name " "of security, arguing that its vetting of apps for its store means that it " @@ -1642,7 +1650,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1305 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1311 msgid "" "Zuboff calls surveillance capitalism a <quote>rogue capitalism.</quote> " "Theoreticians of capitalism claim that its virtue is that it <ulink " @@ -1656,7 +1664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1316 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1322 msgid "" "If our concern is that markets cease to function when consumers can no " "longer make choices, then copyright locks should concern us at " @@ -1668,12 +1676,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1325 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1331 msgid "Search order and the right to the future tense" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1327 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1333 msgid "" "Markets are posed as a kind of magic: By discovering otherwise hidden " "information conveyed by the free choices of consumers, those consumers’ " @@ -1687,7 +1695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1339 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1345 msgid "" "This ballot rigging is made more pernicious by the existence of monopolies " "over search order. Google’s search market share is about 90%. When Google’s " @@ -1701,7 +1709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1351 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1357 msgid "" "Google’s algorithm is often tricked into serving disinformation as a " "prominent search result. But in these cases, Google isn’t persuading people " @@ -1710,7 +1718,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1357 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1363 msgid "" "This is true whether the search is for <quote>Are vaccines " "dangerous?</quote> or <quote>best restaurants near me.</quote> Most users " @@ -1724,7 +1732,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1368 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1374 msgid "" "Many of the questions we ask search engines have no empirically correct " "answers: <quote>Where should I eat dinner?</quote> is not an objective " @@ -1738,7 +1746,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1379 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1385 msgid "" "Google’s search dominance isn’t a matter of pure merit: The company has " "leveraged many tactics that would have been prohibited under classical, " @@ -1755,7 +1763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1395 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1401 msgid "" "If we’re worried about giant companies subverting markets by stripping " "consumers of their ability to make free choices, then vigorous antitrust " @@ -1767,7 +1775,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1405 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1411 msgid "" "This goes for many other companies. Amazon, a classic surveillance " "capitalist, is obviously the dominant tool for searching Amazon — though " @@ -1784,7 +1792,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1420 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1426 msgid "" "Not every monopolist is a surveillance capitalist, but that doesn’t mean " "they’re not able to shape consumer choices in wide-ranging ways. Zuboff " @@ -1800,7 +1808,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1435 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1441 msgid "" "Because of its use of copyright locks, Apple’s mobile customers are not " "legally allowed to switch to a rival retailer for its apps if they want to " @@ -1814,12 +1822,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1447 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1453 msgid "Monopolists can afford sleeping pills for watchdogs" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1449 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1455 msgid "" "Only the most extreme market ideologues think that markets can self-regulate " "without state oversight. Markets need watchdogs — regulators, lawmakers, and " @@ -1831,7 +1839,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1459 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1465 msgid "" "But this kind of regulatory capture doesn’t come cheap. In competitive " "sectors, where rivals are constantly eroding one another’s margins, " @@ -1840,7 +1848,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1465 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1471 msgid "" "Many of the harms of surveillance capitalism are the result of weak or " "nonexistent regulation. Those regulatory vacuums spring from the power of " @@ -1849,7 +1857,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1471 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1477 msgid "" "Here’s an example: When firms over-collect and over-retain our data, they " "are at increased risk of suffering a breach — you can’t leak data you never " @@ -1860,14 +1868,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1480 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1486 msgid "" "But still, firms continue to over-collect and over-retain our data for three " "reasons:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1484 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1490 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">1. They are locked in the aforementioned limbic " "arms race with our capacity to shore up our attentional defense systems to " @@ -1881,7 +1889,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1496 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1502 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">2. They believe the surveillance capitalism " "story.</emphasis> Data is cheap to aggregate and store, and both proponents " @@ -1896,7 +1904,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1509 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1515 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">3. The penalties for leaking data are " "negligible.</emphasis> Most countries limit these penalties to actual " @@ -1909,7 +1917,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1520 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1526 msgid "" "But the harms from breaches are much more extensive than these " "actual-damages rules capture. Identity thieves and fraudsters are wily and " @@ -1922,7 +1930,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1530 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1536 msgid "" "However, even the most ambitious privacy rules, such as the EU General Data " "Protection Regulation, fall far short of capturing the negative " @@ -1932,7 +1940,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1537 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1543 msgid "" "This tolerance of — or indifference to — data over-collection and " "over-retention can be ascribed in part to the sheer lobbying muscle of the " @@ -1942,7 +1950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1545 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1551 msgid "" "And then there’s state surveillance, which the surveillance capitalism story " "dismisses as a relic of another era when the big worry was being jailed for " @@ -1951,7 +1959,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1551 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1557 msgid "" "But state surveillance and private surveillance are intimately related. As " "we saw when Apple was conscripted by the Chinese government as a vital " @@ -1962,7 +1970,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1559 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1565 msgid "" "Whether it’s Google being used as a location tracking tool by local law " "enforcement across the U.S. or the use of social media tracking by the " @@ -1981,7 +1989,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1577 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1583 msgid "" "Monopolism is key to the project of mass state surveillance. It’s true that " "smaller tech firms are apt to be less well-defended than Big Tech, whose " @@ -1993,7 +2001,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1586 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1592 msgid "" "A concentrated tech sector that works with authorities is a much more " "powerful ally in the project of mass state surveillance than a fragmented " @@ -2009,7 +2017,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1600 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1606 msgid "" "They can even make a good case for doing this: After all, when there are " "only four or five big companies in an industry, everyone qualified to " @@ -2020,14 +2028,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1609 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1615 msgid "" "While surveillance doesn’t cause monopolies, monopolies certainly abet " "surveillance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1614 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1620 msgid "" "Industries that are competitive are fragmented — composed of companies that " "are at each other’s throats all the time and eroding one another’s margins " @@ -2038,7 +2046,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1622 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1628 msgid "" "Surveillance combined with machine learning is supposed to be an existential " "crisis, a species-defining moment at which our free will is just a few more " @@ -2048,12 +2056,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1630 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1636 msgid "But that threat grows out of monopoly." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1633 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1639 msgid "" "One of the consequences of tech’s regulatory capture is that it can shift " "liability for poor security decisions onto its customers and the wider " @@ -2064,7 +2072,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1641 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1647 msgid "" "IT is the only field in which this is practiced: No one builds a bridge or a " "hospital and keeps the composition of the steel or the equations used to " @@ -2075,7 +2083,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1650 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1656 msgid "" "The monopoly power that keeps any meaningful consequences for breaches at " "bay means that tech companies continue to build terrible products that are " @@ -2087,7 +2095,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1660 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1666 msgid "" "These bad security decisions are compounded yet again by the use of " "copyright locks to enforce business-model decisions against " @@ -2098,7 +2106,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1668 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1674 msgid "" "Recall also that these copyright locks are backstopped by legislation (such " "as Section 1201 of the DMCA or Article 6 of the 2001 EU Copyright Directive) " @@ -2108,7 +2116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1676 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1682 msgid "" "This amounts to a manufacturer’s veto over safety warnings and " "criticism. While this is far from the legislative intent of the DMCA and its " @@ -2118,7 +2126,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1684 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1690 msgid "" "Copyright locks are a double whammy: They create bad security decisions that " "can’t be freely investigated or discussed. If markets are supposed to be " @@ -2131,7 +2139,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1694 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1700 msgid "" "And unlike mind-control rays, enforced silence over security is an " "immediate, documented problem, and it <emphasis>does</emphasis> constitute " @@ -2143,7 +2151,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1703 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1709 msgid "" "In software design, <quote>technology debt</quote> refers to old, baked-in " "decisions that turn out to be bad ones in hindsight. Perhaps a long-ago " @@ -2162,7 +2170,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1721 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1727 msgid "" "Typically, technology debt results in a technological bankruptcy: The " "product gets so brittle and unsustainable that it fails " @@ -2175,7 +2183,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1732 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1738 msgid "" "But the technology debt created by copyright locks isn’t individual debt; " "it’s systemic. Everyone in the world is exposed to this over-leverage, as " @@ -2188,12 +2196,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1744 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1750 msgid "Privacy and monopoly" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1746 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1752 msgid "" "Many tech companies are gripped by an orthodoxy that holds that if they just " "gather enough data on enough of our activities, everything else is possible " @@ -2207,7 +2215,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1758 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1764 msgid "" "Surveillance tech is far from the first industry to embrace a nonsensical, " "self-serving belief that harms the rest of the world, and it is not the " @@ -2221,7 +2229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1770 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1776 msgid "" "This is not to say that there’s nothing wrong with Big Tech and its " "ideological addiction to data. While surveillance’s benefits are mostly " @@ -2229,7 +2237,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1776 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1782 msgid "" "There’s real irony here. The belief in surveillance capitalism as a " "<quote>rogue capitalism</quote> is driven by the belief that markets " @@ -2239,7 +2247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1783 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1789 msgid "" "But monopolists get to do terrible things for a long time before they pay " "the price. Think of how concentration in the finance sector allowed the " @@ -2256,7 +2264,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1798 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1804 msgid "" "Big Tech is able to practice surveillance not just because it is tech but " "because it is <emphasis>big</emphasis>. The reason every web publisher " @@ -2267,7 +2275,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1807 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1813 msgid "" "The reason the world’s governments have been slow to create meaningful " "penalties for privacy breaches is that Big Tech’s concentration produces " @@ -2277,14 +2285,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1815 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1821 msgid "" "The reason that the smartest engineers in the world want to work for Big " "Tech is that Big Tech commands the lion’s share of tech industry jobs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1820 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1826 msgid "" "The reason people who are aghast at Facebook’s and Google’s and Amazon’s " "data-handling practices continue to use these services is that all their " @@ -2293,7 +2301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1826 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1832 msgid "" "Competitive markets would weaken the companies’ lobbying muscle by reducing " "their profits and pitting them against each other in regulatory forums. It " @@ -2306,19 +2314,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1837 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1843 msgid "" "In other words, while surveillance doesn’t cause monopolies, monopolies " "certainly abet surveillance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1841 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1847 msgid "Ronald Reagan, pioneer of tech monopolism" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1843 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1849 msgid "" "Technology exceptionalism is a sin, whether it’s practiced by technology’s " "blind proponents or by its critics. Both of these camps are prone to " @@ -2332,7 +2340,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1855 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1861 msgid "" "To understand how tech became so monopolistic, it’s useful to look at the " "dawn of the consumer tech industry: 1979, the year the Apple II Plus " @@ -2346,7 +2354,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1867 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1873 msgid "" "Antitrust’s story began nearly a century before all that with laws like the " "Sherman Act, which took aim at monopolists on the grounds that monopolies " @@ -2358,7 +2366,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1876 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1882 msgid "" "Then came a fabulist named Robert Bork, a former solicitor general who " "Reagan appointed to the powerful U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit " @@ -2371,7 +2379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1886 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1892 msgid "" "Bork was a crank, but he was a crank with a theory that rich people really " "liked. Monopolies are a great way to make rich people richer by allowing " @@ -2382,7 +2390,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1894 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1900 msgid "" "Bork’s theories were especially palatable to the same power brokers who " "backed Reagan, and Reagan’s Department of Justice and other agencies began " @@ -2394,7 +2402,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1903 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1909 msgid "" "Little by little, Bork’s theories entered the mainstream, and their backers " "began to infiltrate the legal education field, even putting on junkets where " @@ -2406,7 +2414,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1913 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1919 msgid "" "The history of Bork’s antitrust theories is a really good example of the " "kind of covertly engineered shifts in public opinion that Zuboff warns us " @@ -2420,7 +2428,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1925 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1931 msgid "" "Today, many fear that machine learning allows surveillance capitalism to " "sell <quote>Bork-as-a-Service,</quote> at internet speeds, so that you can " @@ -2435,7 +2443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1938 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1944 msgid "" "The idea that tech forms <quote>natural monopolies</quote> (monopolies that " "are the inevitable result of the realities of an industry, such as the " @@ -2450,7 +2458,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1950 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1956 msgid "" "Indeed, the birth of the web saw a mass-extinction event for the existing " "giant, wildly profitable proprietary technologies that had capital, network " @@ -2466,7 +2474,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1964 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1970 msgid "" "Yes, tech is heavily monopolized and is now closely associated with industry " "concentration, but this has more to do with a matter of timing than its " @@ -2480,7 +2488,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1976 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1982 msgid "" "In support of this thesis, I offer the concentration that every " "<emphasis>other</emphasis> industry has undergone over the same period. From " @@ -2497,7 +2505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1991 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1997 msgid "" "Again: When you change the laws intended to prevent monopolies and then " "monopolies form in exactly the way the law was supposed to prevent, it is " @@ -2512,12 +2520,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2003 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2009 msgid "Steering with the windshield wipers" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2005 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2011 msgid "" "It’s been 40 years since Bork’s project to rehabilitate monopolies achieved " "liftoff, and that is a generation and a half, which is plenty of time to " @@ -2529,7 +2537,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2015 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2021 msgid "" "After 40 years of studiously ignoring antitrust analysis and enforcement, " "it’s not surprising that we’ve all but forgotten that antitrust exists, that " @@ -2539,7 +2547,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2023 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2029 msgid "" "Antitrust is a market society’s steering wheel, the control of first resort " "to keep would-be masters of the universe in their lanes. But Bork and his " @@ -2552,7 +2560,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2033 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2039 msgid "" "It’s like a 1960s science-fiction plot come to life: People stuck in a " "<quote>generation ship,</quote> plying its way across the stars, a ship once " @@ -2564,12 +2572,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2043 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2049 msgid "Surveillance still matters" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2045 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2051 msgid "" "None of this is to minimize the problems with surveillance. Surveillance " "matters, and Big Tech’s use of surveillance <emphasis>is</emphasis> an " @@ -2578,7 +2586,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2052 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2058 msgid "" "Surveillance has become <emphasis>much</emphasis> more efficient thanks to " "Big Tech. In 1989, the Stasi — the East German secret police — had the whole " @@ -2587,7 +2595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2059 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2065 msgid "" "Today, we know that the NSA is spying on a significant fraction of the " "entire world’s population, and its ratio of surveillance operatives to the " @@ -2598,7 +2606,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2068 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2074 msgid "" "How did the ratio of surveillable citizens expand from 1:60 to 1:10,000 in " "less than 30 years? It’s thanks to Big Tech. Our devices and services gather " @@ -2620,7 +2628,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2089 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2095 msgid "" "Let me explain that again: If one in a million people is a terrorist, then " "there will only be about one terrorist in a random sample of one million " @@ -2630,7 +2638,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2097 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2103 msgid "" "In reality, the accuracy of algorithmic terrorism detection falls far short " "of the 99% mark, as does refrigerator ad targeting. The difference is that " @@ -2640,7 +2648,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2104 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2110 msgid "" "Mass state surveillance is only feasible because of surveillance capitalism " "and its extremely low-yield ad-targeting systems, which require a constant " @@ -2651,7 +2659,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2112 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2118 msgid "" "State surveillance is no mere parasite on Big Tech, sucking up its data and " "giving nothing in return. In truth, the two are symbiotes: Big Tech sucks up " @@ -2662,7 +2670,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2121 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2127 msgid "" "To see this at work today, look no further than Amazon’s home surveillance " "device, the Ring doorbell, and its associated app, Neighbors. Ring — a " @@ -2679,7 +2687,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2137 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2143 msgid "" "In mid-2019, a series of public records requests revealed that Amazon had " "struck confidential deals with more than 400 local law enforcement agencies " @@ -2693,7 +2701,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2149 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2155 msgid "" "Ring and law enforcement have found many ways to intertwine their " "activities. Ring strikes secret deals to acquire real-time access to 911 " @@ -2703,7 +2711,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2157 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2163 msgid "" "The more the cops buzz-market the surveillance capitalist Ring, the more " "surveillance capability the state gets. Cops who rely on private entities " @@ -2716,12 +2724,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2168 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2174 msgid "Dignity and sanctuary" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2170 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2176 msgid "" "But even if we could exercise democratic control over our states and force " "them to stop raiding surveillance capitalism’s reservoirs of behavioral " @@ -2729,7 +2737,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2175 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2181 msgid "" "This is an area where Zuboff shines. Her chapter on <quote>sanctuary</quote> " "— the feeling of being unobserved — is a beautiful hymn to introspection, " @@ -2737,7 +2745,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2180 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2186 msgid "" "When you are watched, something changes. Anyone who has ever raised a child " "knows this. You might look up from your book (or more realistically, from " @@ -2755,7 +2763,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2196 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2202 msgid "" "In the digital age, our authentic selves are inextricably tied to our " "digital lives. Your search history is a running ledger of the questions " @@ -2765,14 +2773,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2204 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2210 msgid "" "To be observed in these activities is to lose the sanctuary of your " "authentic self." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2208 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2214 msgid "" "There’s another way in which surveillance capitalism robs us of our capacity " "to be our authentic selves: by making us anxious. Surveillance capitalism " @@ -2785,7 +2793,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2219 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2225 msgid "" "Our devices and services are <quote>general purpose</quote> in that they can " "connect anything or anyone to anything or anyone else and that they can run " @@ -2798,7 +2806,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2229 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2235 msgid "" "All day and all night, our pockets buzz, shattering our concentration and " "tearing apart the fragile webs of connection we spin as we think through " @@ -2809,12 +2817,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2238 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2244 msgid "Afflicting the afflicted" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2240 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2246 msgid "" "The effects of surveillance on our ability to be our authentic selves are " "not equal for all people. Some of us are lucky enough to live in a time and " @@ -2824,7 +2832,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2247 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2253 msgid "" "But for many of us, this is not true. Recall that in living memory, many of " "the ways of being that we think of as socially acceptable today were once " @@ -2836,7 +2844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2257 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2263 msgid "" "Today, these activities aren’t just decriminalized in much of the world, " "they’re considered normal, and the fallen prohibitions are viewed as " @@ -2844,7 +2852,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2262 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2268 msgid "" "How did we get from prohibition to normalization? Through private, personal " "activity: People who were secretly gay or secret pot-smokers or who secretly " @@ -2859,7 +2867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2275 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2281 msgid "" "The right to choose the time and manner of these conversations was key to " "their success. It’s one thing to come out to your dad while you’re on a " @@ -2869,7 +2877,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2282 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2288 msgid "" "Without a private sphere, there’s a chance that none of these changes would " "have come to pass and that the people who benefited from these changes would " @@ -2878,7 +2886,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2289 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2295 msgid "" "The corollary is that, unless you think that our society has attained social " "perfection — that your grandchildren in 50 years will ask you to tell them " @@ -2892,17 +2900,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2301 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2307 msgid "A private realm is necessary for human progress." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2304 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2310 msgid "Any data you collect and retain will eventually leak" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2306 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2312 msgid "" "The lack of a private life can rob vulnerable people of the chance to be " "their authentic selves and constrain our actions by depriving us of " @@ -2911,7 +2919,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2312 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2318 msgid "" "Personally identifying information is of very limited use for the purpose of " "controlling peoples’ minds, but identity theft — really a catchall term for " @@ -2921,7 +2929,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2320 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2326 msgid "" "Attackers are not limited to using data from one breached source, " "either. Multiple services have suffered breaches that exposed names, " @@ -2935,7 +2943,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2332 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2338 msgid "" "For example, attackers can use leaked username and password combinations to " "hijack whole fleets of commercial vehicles that <ulink " @@ -2950,7 +2958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2345 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2351 msgid "" "Attackers are endlessly inventive in the pursuit of creative ways to " "weaponize leaked data. One common use of leaked data is to penetrate " @@ -2958,7 +2966,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2350 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2356 msgid "" "Like spies, online fraudsters are totally dependent on companies " "over-collecting and over-retaining our data. Spy agencies sometimes pay " @@ -2969,7 +2977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2358 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2364 msgid "" "The over-collection of data has a host of terrible social consequences, from " "the erosion of our authentic selves to the undermining of social progress, " @@ -2979,12 +2987,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2366 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2372 msgid "Critical tech exceptionalism is still tech exceptionalism" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2369 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2375 msgid "" "Big Tech has long practiced technology exceptionalism: the idea that it " "should not be subject to the mundane laws and norms of " @@ -2994,14 +3002,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2375 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2381 msgid "" "Tech exceptionalism got us all into a lot of trouble, so it’s ironic and " "distressing to see Big Tech’s critics committing the same sin." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2379 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2385 msgid "" "Big Tech is not a <quote>rogue capitalism</quote> that cannot be cured " "through the traditional anti-monopoly remedies of trustbusting (forcing " @@ -3014,7 +3022,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2389 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2395 msgid "" "The thing is, people have been claiming to have perfected mind-control rays " "for centuries, and every time, it turned out to be a con — though sometimes " @@ -3022,7 +3030,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2395 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2401 msgid "" "For generations, the advertising industry has been steadily improving its " "ability to sell advertising services to businesses while only making " @@ -3034,7 +3042,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2405 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2411 msgid "" "The tech industry has made enormous improvements in the science of " "convincing businesses that they’re good at advertising while their actual " @@ -3048,7 +3056,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2417 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2423 msgid "" "It’s tempting to think that if businesses are willing to pour billions into " "a venture that the venture must be a good one. Yet there are plenty of times " @@ -3064,7 +3072,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2431 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2437 msgid "" "The claims of Big Tech’s mind-control system are full of tells that the " "enterprise is a con. For example, <ulink " @@ -3078,7 +3086,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2441 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2447 msgid "" "Big Tech’s promotional materials also claim that their algorithms can " "accurately perform <quote>sentiment analysis</quote> or detect peoples’ " @@ -3094,7 +3102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2454 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2460 msgid "" "Big Tech has been so good at marketing its own supposed superpowers that " "it’s easy to believe that they can market everything else with similar " @@ -3108,7 +3116,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2466 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2472 msgid "" "That skepticism should infuse all of our evaluations of Big Tech and its " "supposed abilities, including our perusal of its patents. Zuboff vests these " @@ -3121,7 +3129,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2476 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2482 msgid "" "Patent applications take the form of a series of claims and range from broad " "to narrow. A typical patent starts out by claiming that its authors have " @@ -3138,7 +3146,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2491 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2497 msgid "" "What’s more, software patents are routinely granted even though the filer " "doesn’t have any evidence that they can do the thing claimed by the " @@ -3147,7 +3155,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2497 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2503 msgid "" "With these considerations in hand, it becomes obvious that the fact that a " "Big Tech company has patented what it <emphasis>says</emphasis> is an " @@ -3156,7 +3164,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2504 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2510 msgid "" "Big Tech collects our data for many reasons, including the diminishing " "returns on existing stores of data. But many tech companies also collect " @@ -3168,7 +3176,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2514 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2520 msgid "" "Data mined for predictive systems doesn’t necessarily produce these " "dividends. Think of Netflix: The predictive value of the data mined from a " @@ -3181,7 +3189,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2525 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2531 msgid "" "Businesses pursue fads to the detriment of their profits all the time, " "especially when the businesses and their investors are not motivated by the " @@ -3193,7 +3201,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2534 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2540 msgid "" "This is another harm of tech exceptionalism: The belief that more data " "always produces more profits in the form of more insights that can be " @@ -3209,14 +3217,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2548 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2554 msgid "" "How monopolies, not mind control, drive surveillance capitalism: The " "Snapchat story" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2551 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2557 msgid "" "For the first decade of its existence, Facebook competed with the social " "media giants of the day (Myspace, Orkut, etc.) by presenting itself as the " @@ -3228,7 +3236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2561 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2567 msgid "" "Despite frequent promises that it would never collect or analyze its users’ " "data, Facebook periodically created initiatives that did just that, like the " @@ -3242,7 +3250,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2573 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2579 msgid "" "The pace at which Facebook ramped up its surveillance efforts seems to have " "been set by Facebook’s competitive landscape. The more competitors Facebook " @@ -3253,7 +3261,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2581 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2587 msgid "" "All the while, Facebook was prodigiously acquiring companies, including a " "company called Onavo. Nominally, Onavo made a battery-monitoring mobile " @@ -3263,7 +3271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2589 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2595 msgid "" "Through Onavo, Facebook discovered that it was losing market share to " "Snapchat, an app that — like Facebook a decade before — billed itself as the " @@ -3277,7 +3285,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2601 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2607 msgid "" "The story of how Facebook crushed Snapchat reveals the relationship between " "monopoly and surveillance capitalism. Facebook combined surveillance with " @@ -3291,12 +3299,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2613 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2619 msgid "A monopoly over your friends" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2615 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2621 msgid "" "A decentralization movement has tried to erode the dominance of Facebook and " "other Big Tech companies by fielding <quote>indieweb</quote> alternatives — " @@ -3305,7 +3313,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2622 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2628 msgid "" "Fundamentally, each of these services is hamstrung by the same problem: " "Every potential user for a Facebook or Twitter alternative has to convince " @@ -3317,7 +3325,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2632 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2638 msgid "" "All of this has conspired to make Facebook — and other dominant platforms — " "into <quote>kill zones</quote> that investors will not fund new entrants " @@ -3325,7 +3333,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2637 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2643 msgid "" "And yet, all of today’s tech giants came into existence despite the " "entrenched advantage of the companies that came before them. To understand " @@ -3334,12 +3342,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2644 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2650 msgid "The hard problem of our species is coordination." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2648 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2654 msgid "" "<quote>Interoperability</quote> is the ability of two technologies to work " "with one another: Anyone can make an LP that will play on any record player, " @@ -3351,7 +3359,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2657 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2663 msgid "" "Interoperability is often a source of innovation and consumer benefit: Apple " "made the first commercially successful PC, but millions of independent " @@ -3368,7 +3376,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2672 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2678 msgid "" "<quote>Interoperability</quote> is often used interchangeably with " "<quote>standardization,</quote> which is the process when manufacturers and " @@ -3379,7 +3387,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2680 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2686 msgid "" "But interoperability doesn’t require standardization — indeed, " "standardization often proceeds from the chaos of ad hoc interoperability " @@ -3393,7 +3401,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2691 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2697 msgid "" "Beyond neutral interoperability, there is <quote>adversarial " "interoperability.</quote> That’s when a manufacturer makes a product that " @@ -3403,7 +3411,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2699 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2705 msgid "" "Probably the most familiar form of adversarial interoperability is " "third-party printer ink. Printer manufacturers claim that they sell printers " @@ -3415,7 +3423,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2708 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2714 msgid "" "Owners of printers take the position that HP and Epson and Brother are not " "charities and that customers for their wares have no obligation to help them " @@ -3430,7 +3438,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2721 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2727 msgid "" "Adversarial interoperability has played an outsized role in the history of " "the tech industry: from the founding of the <quote>alt.*</quote> Usenet " @@ -3446,7 +3454,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2735 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2741 msgid "" "Today, incumbency is seen as an unassailable advantage. Facebook is where " "all of your friends are, so no one can start a Facebook competitor. But " @@ -3463,7 +3471,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2750 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2756 msgid "" "Adversarial interoperability was once the norm and a key contributor to the " "dynamic, vibrant tech scene, but now it is stuck behind a thicket of laws " @@ -3475,7 +3483,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2760 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2766 msgid "" "In the absence of a competitive market, lawmakers have resorted to assigning " "expensive, state-like duties to Big Tech firms, such as automatically " @@ -3485,7 +3493,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2768 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2774 msgid "" "These measures put a floor under how small we can make Big Tech because only " "the very largest companies can afford the humans and automated filters " @@ -3493,7 +3501,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2773 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2779 msgid "" "But that’s not the only way in which making platforms responsible for " "policing their users undermines competition. A platform that is expected to " @@ -3507,7 +3515,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2785 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2791 msgid "" "To the extent that we are willing to let Big Tech police itself — rather " "than making Big Tech small enough that users can leave bad platforms for " @@ -3520,7 +3528,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2795 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2801 msgid "" "Ultimately, we can try to fix Big Tech by making it responsible for bad acts " "by its users, or we can try to fix the internet by cutting Big Tech down to " @@ -3535,12 +3543,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2807 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2813 msgid "Fake news is an epistemological crisis" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2809 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2815 msgid "" "Tech is not the only industry that has undergone massive concentration since " "the Reagan era. Virtually every major industry — from oil to newspapers to " @@ -3549,7 +3557,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2816 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2822 msgid "" "At the same time, every industry has become something of a tech industry as " "general-purpose computers and general-purpose networks and the promise of " @@ -3558,7 +3566,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2822 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2828 msgid "" "This phenomenon of industrial concentration is part of a wider story about " "wealth concentration overall as a smaller and smaller number of people own " @@ -3568,7 +3576,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2830 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2836 msgid "" "That means that whenever a regulator asks a question with an obvious, " "empirical answer (<quote>Are humans causing climate change?</quote> or " @@ -3580,7 +3588,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2839 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2845 msgid "" "Rich people have always played an outsized role in politics and more so " "since the Supreme Court’s <emphasis>Citizens United</emphasis> decision " @@ -3591,7 +3599,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2848 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2854 msgid "" "But the policy distortions of rich individuals pale in comparison to the " "policy distortions that concentrated industries are capable of. The " @@ -3602,7 +3610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2857 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2863 msgid "" "Concentrated industries also find it easier to collaborate on policy " "objectives than competitive ones. When all the top execs from your industry " @@ -3612,7 +3620,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2864 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2870 msgid "" "Rising through the ranks in a concentrated industry generally means working " "at two or three of the big companies. When there are only relatively few " @@ -3626,7 +3634,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2876 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2882 msgid "" "Highly concentrated industries also present a regulatory conundrum. When an " "industry is dominated by just four or five companies, the only people who " @@ -3639,7 +3647,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2887 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2893 msgid "" "All this is to say that the tight social bonds, small number of firms, and " "regulatory capture of concentrated industries give the companies that " @@ -3648,7 +3656,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2893 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2899 msgid "" "This is increasingly obvious. Whether it’s payday lenders <ulink " "url=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/02/25/how-payday-lending-industry-insider-tilted-academic-research-its-favor/\">winning " @@ -3664,7 +3672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2907 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2913 msgid "" "It’s really impossible to overstate what a terrifying prospect this is. We " "live in an incredibly high-tech society, and none of us could acquire the " @@ -3682,7 +3690,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2924 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2930 msgid "" "In a world as complex as this one, we have to defer to authorities, and we " "keep them honest by making those authorities accountable to us and binding " @@ -3693,12 +3701,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2933 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2939 msgid "Right now, it’s obviously not." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2936 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2942 msgid "" "The past 40 years of rising inequality and industry concentration, together " "with increasingly weak accountability and transparency for expert agencies, " @@ -3709,7 +3717,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2944 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2950 msgid "" "For example, it’s been decades since Exxon’s own scientists concluded that " "its products would render the Earth uninhabitable by humans. And yet those " @@ -3722,7 +3730,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2955 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2961 msgid "" "The collapse of the credibility of our systems for divining and upholding " "truths has left us in a state of epistemological chaos. Once, most of us " @@ -3733,7 +3741,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2964 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2970 msgid "" "If you’re like me, you probably believe that vaccines are safe, but you " "(like me) probably also can’t explain the microbiology or statistics. Few of " @@ -3751,7 +3759,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2981 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2987 msgid "" "I’m 100% certain that vaccinating is safe and effective, but I’m also at " "something of a loss to explain exactly, <emphasis>precisely,</emphasis> why " @@ -3761,7 +3769,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2989 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2995 msgid "" "Fake news — conspiracy theories, racist ideologies, scientific denialism — " "has always been with us. What’s changed today is not the mix of ideas in the " @@ -3772,7 +3780,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2998 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3004 msgid "" "No one can say for certain why this has happened, but the two dominant camps " "are idealism (the belief that the people who argue for these conspiracies " @@ -3782,7 +3790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3006 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3012 msgid "" "I’m a materialist. I’ve been exposed to the arguments of conspiracy " "theorists all my life, and I have not experienced any qualitative leap in " @@ -3790,7 +3798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3011 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3017 msgid "" "The major difference is in the world, not the arguments. In a time where " "actual conspiracies are commonplace, conspiracy theories acquire a ring of " @@ -3798,7 +3806,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3016 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3022 msgid "" "We have always had disagreements about what’s true, but today, we have a " "disagreement over how we know whether something is true. This is an " @@ -3812,7 +3820,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3027 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3033 msgid "" "Targeting — surveillance capitalism — makes it easier to find people who are " "undergoing this epistemological crisis, but it doesn’t create the " @@ -3820,7 +3828,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3032 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3038 msgid "" "And, conveniently enough, it’s corruption that allows surveillance " "capitalism to grow by dismantling monopoly protections, by permitting " @@ -3831,12 +3839,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3041 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3047 msgid "Tech is different" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3043 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3049 msgid "" "I reject both iterations of technological exceptionalism. I reject the idea " "that tech is uniquely terrible and led by people who are greedier or worse " @@ -3846,7 +3854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3051 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3057 msgid "" "I think tech is just another industry, albeit one that grew up in the " "absence of real monopoly constraints. It may have been first, but it isn’t " @@ -3854,7 +3862,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3056 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3062 msgid "" "But there’s one way in which I <emphasis>am</emphasis> a tech " "exceptionalist. I believe that online tools are the key to overcoming " @@ -3867,7 +3875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3067 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3073 msgid "" "The hard problem of our species is coordination. Everything from climate " "change to social change to running a business to making a family work can be " @@ -3875,7 +3883,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3072 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3078 msgid "" "The internet makes it easier than at any time before to find people who want " "to work on a project with you — hence the success of free and open-source " @@ -3884,7 +3892,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3078 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3084 msgid "" "The internet and the computers we connect to it also possess an exceptional " "quality: general-purposeness. The internet is designed to allow any two " @@ -3895,7 +3903,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3087 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3093 msgid "" "This means that every time someone with a special communications need " "invests in infrastructure and techniques to make the internet faster, " @@ -3907,7 +3915,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3096 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3102 msgid "" "For these reasons, every type of communication is gradually absorbed into " "the internet, and every type of device — from airplanes to pacemakers — " @@ -3915,7 +3923,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3101 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3107 msgid "" "While these considerations don’t preclude regulating networks and computers, " "they do call for gravitas and caution when doing so because changes to " @@ -3924,7 +3932,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3107 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3113 msgid "" "The upshot of this is that our best hope of solving the big coordination " "problems — climate change, inequality, etc. — is with free, fair, and open " @@ -3934,12 +3942,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3115 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3121 msgid "Ownership of facts" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3117 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3123 msgid "" "Big Tech has a funny relationship with information. When you’re generating " "information — anything from the location data streaming off your mobile " @@ -3948,7 +3956,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3124 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3130 msgid "" "But when you have the audacity to turn the tables — to use a tool that " "blocks ads or slurps your waiting updates out of a social network and puts " @@ -3958,7 +3966,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3131 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3137 msgid "" "The thing is, information is a very bad fit for any kind of private property " "regime. Property rights are useful for establishing markets that can lead to " @@ -3968,7 +3976,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3138 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3144 msgid "" "Information rarely has such a clear title. Take phone numbers: There’s " "clearly something going wrong when Facebook slurps up millions of users’ " @@ -3977,7 +3985,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3145 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3151 msgid "" "But the phone numbers Facebook nonconsensually acquires in this transaction " "are not the <quote>property</quote> of the users they’re taken from nor do " @@ -3989,7 +3997,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3154 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3160 msgid "" "Likewise for the facts that Facebook and other commercial surveillance " "operators acquire about us, like that we are the children of our parents or " @@ -4004,7 +4012,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3167 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3173 msgid "" "If you go to a Black Lives Matter demonstration, do the other demonstrators " "need your permission to post their photos from the event? The online fights " @@ -4016,7 +4024,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3176 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3182 msgid "" "The fact that information isn’t a good fit with property and markets doesn’t " "mean that it’s not valuable. Babies aren’t property, but they’re inarguably " @@ -4028,7 +4036,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3185 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3191 msgid "" "It’s tempting to reach for the property hammer when Big Tech treats your " "information like a nail — not least because Big Tech are such prolific " @@ -4041,7 +4049,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3196 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3202 msgid "" "Meanwhile, establishing property rights over information will create " "insurmountable barriers to independent data processing. Imagine that we " @@ -4057,7 +4065,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3211 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3217 msgid "" "The same goes for things like search indexes of the web or photos of " "peoples’ houses, which have become contentious thanks to Google’s Street " @@ -4073,7 +4081,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3225 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3231 msgid "" "The ownership of facts is antithetical to many kinds of human progress. It’s " "hard to imagine a rule that limits Big Tech’s exploitation of our collective " @@ -4085,12 +4093,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3235 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3241 msgid "Persuasion works… slowly" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3237 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3243 msgid "" "The platforms may oversell their ability to persuade people, but obviously, " "persuasion works sometimes. Whether it’s the private realm that LGBTQ people " @@ -4101,7 +4109,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3246 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3252 msgid "" "The project of shifting societal attitudes is a game of inches and " "years. For centuries, svengalis have purported to be able to accelerate this " @@ -4114,7 +4122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3257 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3263 msgid "" "Yet, after 12 years of terror, once the war ended, Nazi ideology was largely " "discredited in both East and West Germany, and a program of national truth " @@ -4126,7 +4134,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3267 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3273 msgid "" "Racism and authoritarianism have also always been with us. Anyone who’s " "reviewed the kind of messages and arguments that racists put forward today " @@ -4138,7 +4146,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3276 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3282 msgid "" "If racists haven’t gotten more convincing in the past decade, then how is it " "that more people were convinced to be openly racist at that time? I believe " @@ -4158,19 +4166,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3295 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3301 msgid "Paying won’t help" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3297 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3303 msgid "" "As the old saw goes, <quote>If you’re not paying for the product, you’re the " "product.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3301 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3307 msgid "" "It’s a commonplace belief today that the advent of free, ad-supported media " "was the original sin of surveillance capitalism. The reasoning is that the " @@ -4184,7 +4192,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3313 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3319 msgid "" "But the degradation of news products long precedes the advent of " "ad-supported online news. Long before newspapers were online, lax antitrust " @@ -4199,7 +4207,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3326 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3332 msgid "" "Then, as news companies <emphasis>did</emphasis> come online, the ad " "revenues they commanded dropped even as the number of internet users (and " @@ -4212,7 +4220,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3336 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3342 msgid "" "Paid services continue to exist alongside free ones, and often it is these " "paid services — anxious to prevent people from bypassing their paywalls or " @@ -4232,7 +4240,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3355 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3361 msgid "" "We shouldn’t just be concerned about payment and control: The idea that " "paying will improve discourse is also dangerously wrong. The poor success " @@ -4246,7 +4254,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3366 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3372 msgid "" "Perhaps paying would fix this, the reasoning goes. If platforms could be " "economically viable even if you stopped clicking on them once your " @@ -4255,7 +4263,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3373 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3379 msgid "" "There may be something to that argument, but it still ignores the wider " "economic and political context of the platforms and the world that allowed " @@ -4263,7 +4271,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3378 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3384 msgid "" "Platforms are world-spanning and all-encompassing because they are " "monopolies, and they are monopolies because we have gutted our most " @@ -4276,7 +4284,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3389 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3395 msgid "" "In this wildly unequal world, paying doesn’t improve the discourse; it " "simply prices discourse out of the range of the majority of people. Paying " @@ -4284,7 +4292,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3394 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3400 msgid "" "If you think today’s filter bubbles are a problem for our discourse, imagine " "what they’d be like if rich people inhabited free-flowing Athenian " @@ -4300,7 +4308,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3408 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3414 msgid "" "Behind the idea of paying for access is a belief that free markets will " "address Big Tech’s dysfunction. After all, to the extent that people have a " @@ -4315,7 +4323,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3421 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3427 msgid "" "Advocates for markets laud their ability to aggregate the diffused knowledge " "of buyers and sellers across a whole society through demand signals, price " @@ -4329,7 +4337,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3433 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3439 msgid "" "The profitability of any business is constrained by the possibility that its " "customers will take their business elsewhere. Both surveillance and lock-in " @@ -4341,7 +4349,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3443 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3449 msgid "" "Ultimately, surveillance and lock-in are both simply business strategies " "that monopolists can choose. Surveillance companies like Google are " @@ -4357,12 +4365,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3458 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3464 msgid "An <quote>ecology</quote> moment for trustbusting" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3460 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3466 msgid "" "If we’re going to break Big Tech’s death grip on our digital lives, we’re " "going to have to fight monopolies. That may sound pretty mundane and " @@ -4372,7 +4380,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3467 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3473 msgid "" "Meanwhile, breaking up monopolies is something we seem to have forgotten how " "to do. There is a bipartisan, trans-Atlantic consensus that breaking up " @@ -4383,7 +4391,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3475 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3481 msgid "" "But trustbusters once strode the nation, brandishing law books, terrorizing " "robber barons, and shattering the illusion of monopolies’ all-powerful grip " @@ -4393,12 +4401,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3483 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3489 msgid "Could we find that political will again?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3486 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3492 msgid "" "Copyright scholar James Boyle has described how the term " "<quote>ecology</quote> marked a turning point in environmental " @@ -4409,7 +4417,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3494 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3500 msgid "" "But the term <quote>ecology</quote> welded these disparate causes together " "into a single movement, and the members of this movement found solidarity " @@ -4422,7 +4430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3505 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3511 msgid "" "I believe we are on the verge of a new <quote>ecology</quote> moment " "dedicated to combating monopolies. After all, tech isn’t the only " @@ -4431,7 +4439,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3511 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3517 msgid "" "You can find partisans for trustbusting in every sector of the " "economy. Everywhere you look, you can find people who’ve been wronged by " @@ -4443,7 +4451,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3521 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3527 msgid "" "That’s the good news: With a little bit of work and a little bit of " "coalition building, we have more than enough political will to break up Big " @@ -4452,7 +4460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3527 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3533 msgid "" "But here’s the bad news: Much of what we’re doing to tame Big Tech " "<emphasis>instead</emphasis> of breaking up the big companies also " @@ -4460,7 +4468,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3532 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3538 msgid "" "Big Tech’s concentration currently means that their inaction on harassment, " "for example, leaves users with an impossible choice: absent themselves from " @@ -4474,7 +4482,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3544 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3550 msgid "" "Yet governments confronting all of these problems all inevitably converge on " "the same solution: deputize the Big Tech giants to police their users and " @@ -4485,7 +4493,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3553 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3559 msgid "" "These rules — the EU’s new Directive on Copyright, Australia’s new terror " "regulation, America’s FOSTA/SESTA sex-trafficking law and more — are not " @@ -4496,7 +4504,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3562 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3568 msgid "" "That’s because any move to break up Big Tech and cut it down to size will " "have to cope with the hard limit of not making these companies so small that " @@ -4511,7 +4519,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3574 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3580 msgid "" "Allowing the platforms to grow to their present size has given them a " "dominance that is nearly insurmountable — deputizing them with public duties " @@ -4523,7 +4531,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3584 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3590 msgid "" "We can work to fix the internet by breaking up Big Tech and depriving them " "of monopoly profits, or we can work to fix Big Tech by making them spend " @@ -4534,12 +4542,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3592 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3598 msgid "Make Big Tech small again" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3594 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3600 msgid "" "Trustbusting is hard. Breaking big companies into smaller ones is expensive " "and time-consuming. So time-consuming that by the time you’re done, the " @@ -4550,14 +4558,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3604 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3610 msgid "" "A future U.S. president could simply direct their attorney general to " "enforce the law as it was written." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3609 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3615 msgid "" "It’s far easier to prevent concentration than to fix it, and reinstating the " "traditional contours of U.S. antitrust enforcement will, at the very least, " @@ -4567,7 +4575,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3617 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3623 msgid "" "These powers are all in the plain language of U.S. antitrust laws, so in " "theory, a future U.S. president could simply direct their attorney general " @@ -4579,7 +4587,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3626 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3632 msgid "" "If the courts frustrate the Justice Department and the president, the next " "stop would be Congress, which could eliminate any doubt about how antitrust " @@ -4595,7 +4603,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3640 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3646 msgid "" "But this only prevents things from getting worse. To help them get better, " "we will have to build coalitions with other activists in the anti-monopoly " @@ -4606,7 +4614,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3649 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3655 msgid "" "In an important sense, it doesn’t matter which industry the breakups begin " "in. Once they start, shareholders in <emphasis>every</emphasis> industry " @@ -4625,12 +4633,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3666 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3672 msgid "20 GOTO 10" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3668 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3674 msgid "" "Fixing Big Tech will require a lot of iteration. As cyber lawyer Lawrence " "Lessig wrote in his 1999 book, <emphasis>Code and Other Laws of " @@ -4640,7 +4648,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3675 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3681 msgid "" "If you could wave a wand and get Congress to pass a law that re-fanged the " "Sherman Act tomorrow, you could use the impending breakups to convince " @@ -4649,14 +4657,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3682 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3688 msgid "" "But getting Congress to act will require a massive normative shift, a mass " "movement of people who care about monopolies — and pulling them apart." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3687 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3693 msgid "" "Getting people to care about monopolies will take technological " "interventions that help them to see what a world free from Big Tech might " @@ -4671,7 +4679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3699 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3705 msgid "" "Neither tech nor law nor code nor markets are sufficient to reform Big " "Tech. But a profitable competitor to Big Tech could bankroll a legislative " @@ -4687,7 +4695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3713 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3719 msgid "" "The surveillance capitalism hypothesis — that Big Tech’s products really " "work as well as they say they do and that’s why everything is so screwed up " @@ -4699,7 +4707,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3722 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3728 msgid "" "As to why things are so screwed up? Capitalism. Specifically, the monopolism " "that creates inequality and the inequality that creates monopolism. It’s a " @@ -4712,7 +4720,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3733 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3739 msgid "" "Surveillance doesn’t make capitalism rogue. Capitalism’s unchecked rule " "begets surveillance. Surveillance isn’t bad because it lets people " @@ -4724,19 +4732,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3742 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3748 msgid "Up and through" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3744 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3750 msgid "" "With all the problems of Big Tech, it’s tempting to imagine solving the " "problem by returning to a world without tech at all. Resist that temptation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3749 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3755 msgid "" "The only way out of our Big Tech problem is up and through. If our future is " "not reliant upon high tech, it will be because civilization has fallen. Big " @@ -4748,7 +4756,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3759 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3765 msgid "" "I am, secretly, despite what I have said earlier, a tech exceptionalist. Not " "in the sense of thinking that tech should be given a free pass to monopolize " -- 2.47.2