From: Petter Reinholdtsen Date: Mon, 2 Nov 2020 00:10:13 +0000 (+0100) Subject: Updated po files from pot. X-Git-Tag: nb-printed-2021-01-24~266 X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-destroy-surveillance.git/commitdiff_plain/fcf1bd188669e6c715ce0c7653aa6bd7d9f844bf Updated po files from pot. --- diff --git a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.nb.po b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.nb.po index 3e2d8f1..b1683a0 100644 --- a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.nb.po +++ b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.nb.po @@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism n/a\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-19 23:43+0200\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-11-02 01:06+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-10-28 06:16+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Petter Reinholdtsen \n" -"Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål \n" +"Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål \n" "Language: nb\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" @@ -92,15 +92,15 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of:
msgid "" -" " +" " +" " msgstr "" -" " +" " +" " #. type: Content of:
msgid "Creative Commons, Some rights reserved" @@ -3797,8 +3797,8 @@ msgid "" "involved in NSA spying, but it’s definitely not all of them)." msgstr "" "I dag vet vi at NSA spionerer på en betydelig andel av hele verdens " -"befolkning, og forholdet mellom overvåkingsagenter og overvåket er mer som 1:" -"10.000 (det er sannsynligvis i den lave enden da det forutsetter at hver " +"befolkning, og forholdet mellom overvåkingsagenter og overvåket er mer som " +"1:10.000 (det er sannsynligvis i den lave enden da det forutsetter at hver " "amerikaner med topphemmelig klarering jobber for NSA i dette prosjektet - vi " "vet ikke hvor mange av disse klarerte personene som er involvert i NSAs " "spionasje , men det er definitivt ikke alle disse)." @@ -6735,8 +6735,8 @@ msgstr "" "emphasis>, konsentrasjonen av makt i for få hender, noe som eroderer " "selvråderetten. Hvis det finnes et monopol, vil loven ha det fjernet, " "punktum. Absolutt, fjern monopoler som skader konsumenter i " -"form av ågervirksomhet også, men bli kvitt andre monopoler " -"også." +"form av ågervirksomhet også, men bli kvitt andre monopoler også." #. type: Content of:
msgid "" diff --git a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pl.po b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pl.po index 32f3181..a977e55 100644 --- a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pl.po +++ b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pl.po @@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism n/a\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-19 23:43+0200\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-11-02 01:06+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-11-02 00:05+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Stanisław Stefan Krukowski \n" -"Language-Team: Polish \n" +"Language-Team: Polish \n" "Language: pl\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" @@ -20,33 +20,27 @@ msgstr "" "X-Generator: Weblate 4.3.2-dev\n" #. type: Attribute 'lang' of:
-#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:4 msgid "en" msgstr "en" #. type: Content of:
-#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:6 msgid "How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism" msgstr "Jak zniszczyć kapitalizm oparty na inwigilacyjnych systemach nadzoru" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><authorgroup><author><firstname> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:11 msgid "Cory" msgstr "Cory" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><authorgroup><author><surname> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:12 msgid "Doctorow" msgstr "Doctorow" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><publisher><address> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:17 #, no-wrap msgid "<city>Oslo</city>" msgstr "<city>Oslo</city>" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:15 msgid "" "<publisher> <publishername>Petter Reinholdtsen</publishername> <placeholder " "type=\"address\" id=\"0\"/> </publisher> <copyright> <year>2020</year> " @@ -59,47 +53,40 @@ msgstr "" "<holder>Petter Reinholdtsen</holder> </copyright>" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:32 msgid "How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism by Cory Doctorow." msgstr "" "Jak zniszczyć kapitalizm oparty na inwigilacyjnych systemach nadzoru Autor: " "Cory Doctorow." #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:35 msgid "Published by Petter Reinholdtsen." msgstr "Wydawca: Petter Reinholdtsen." #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:39 msgid "ISBN 978-82-93828-XX-X (hard cover)" msgstr "ISBN 978-82-93828-XX-X (oprawa twarda)" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:42 msgid "ISBN 978-82-93828-XX-X (paperback)" msgstr "ISBN 978-82-93828-XX-X (oprawa papierowa)" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:45 msgid "ISBN 978-82-93828-XX-X (ePub)" msgstr "ISBN 978-82-93828-XX-X (ePub)" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:49 msgid "" -"This book is available for purchase from <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.lulu.com/\"/>." +"This book is available for purchase from <ulink url=\"https://www.lulu.com/" +"\"/>." msgstr "" -"Ta książka jest dostępna w sprzedaży na <ulink url=\"https://www.lulu.com/\"" -"/>." +"Ta książka jest dostępna w sprzedaży na <ulink url=\"https://www.lulu.com/\"/" +">." #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:54 msgid "" "If you find typos, error or have other corrections to the translated text, " -"please update on <ulink " -"url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/rms-personal-data-safe/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/nb_NO/\"/>." +"please update on <ulink url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/rms-" +"personal-data-safe/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/nb_NO/\"/>." msgstr "" "Jeśli znajdziesz literówkę, błąd lub masz inne uwagi na temat poprawienia " "tekstu, proszę zaktualizuj to na <ulink url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/" @@ -107,30 +94,26 @@ msgstr "" "\"/>." #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para><inlinemediaobject> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:61 msgid "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=\"images/cc.png\" contentdepth=\"3em\" " -"width=\"100%\" align=\"center\"/> </imageobject> <imageobject> <imagedata " -"fileref=\"images/cc.svg\" contentdepth=\"3em\" width=\"100%\" " -"align=\"center\"/> </imageobject>" +"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=\"images/cc-some-rights-reserved.png\" " +"contentdepth=\"3em\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\"/> </imageobject> " +"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=\"images/cc-some-rights-reserved.svg\" " +"contentdepth=\"3em\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\"/> </imageobject>" msgstr "" -"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=\"images/cc.png\" contentdepth=\"3em\" " -"width=\"100%\" align=\"center\"/> </imageobject> <imageobject> <imagedata " -"fileref=\"images/cc.svg\" contentdepth=\"3em\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center" -"\"/> </imageobject>" +"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=\"images/cc-some-rights-reserved.png\" " +"contentdepth=\"3em\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\"/> </imageobject> " +"<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=\"images/cc-some-rights-reserved.svg\" " +"contentdepth=\"3em\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\"/> </imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para><inlinemediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:68 msgid "Creative Commons, Some rights reserved" msgstr "Creative Commons, Pewne prawa zastrzeżone" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:60 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:75 msgid "" "This book is licensed under a Creative Commons license. This license permits " "any use of this work, so long as attribution is given and no derivatived " @@ -144,12 +127,10 @@ msgstr "" "licenses/by-nd/4.0/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:83 msgid "The net of a thousand lies" msgstr "Sieć tysięcy kłamstw" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:85 msgid "" "The most surprising thing about the rebirth of flat Earthers in the 21st " "century is just how widespread the evidence against them is. You can " @@ -165,7 +146,6 @@ msgstr "" "faktycznie, płaska." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:93 msgid "" "But today, when elementary schools routinely dangle GoPro cameras from " "balloons and loft them high enough to photograph the Earth’s curve — to say " @@ -180,7 +160,6 @@ msgstr "" "płaska." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:100 msgid "" "Likewise for white nationalism and eugenics: In an age where you can become " "a computational genomics datapoint by swabbing your cheek and mailing it to " @@ -195,7 +174,6 @@ msgstr "" "po sukces</quote>." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:106 msgid "" "We are living through a golden age of both readily available facts and " "denial of those facts. Terrible ideas that have lingered on the fringes for " @@ -206,7 +184,6 @@ msgstr "" "dziesięciolecia, a nawet stulecia, z dnia na dzień weszły do głównego nurtu." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:112 msgid "" "When an obscure idea gains currency, there are only two things that can " "explain its ascendance: Either the person expressing that idea has gotten a " @@ -232,13 +209,12 @@ msgstr "" "Thunberg nas przekonać." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:125 msgid "" -"The arguments for ridiculous beliefs in odious conspiracies like " -"anti-vaccination, climate denial, a flat Earth, and eugenics are no better " -"than they were a generation ago. Indeed, they’re worse because they are " -"being pitched to people who have at least a background awareness of the " -"refuting facts." +"The arguments for ridiculous beliefs in odious conspiracies like anti-" +"vaccination, climate denial, a flat Earth, and eugenics are no better than " +"they were a generation ago. Indeed, they’re worse because they are being " +"pitched to people who have at least a background awareness of the refuting " +"facts." msgstr "" "Argumenty za absurdalnymi wierzeniami w oparciu o teorie spiskowe, takie jak " "teoria antyszczepionkowa, teoria negująca zmiany klimatu, teoria o istnieniu " @@ -248,43 +224,39 @@ msgstr "" "te teorie." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:132 msgid "" -"Anti-vax has been around since the first vaccines, but the early " -"anti-vaxxers were pitching people who were less equipped to understand even " -"the most basic ideas from microbiology, and moreover, those people had not " +"Anti-vax has been around since the first vaccines, but the early anti-" +"vaxxers were pitching people who were less equipped to understand even the " +"most basic ideas from microbiology, and moreover, those people had not " "witnessed the extermination of mass-murdering diseases like polio, smallpox, " "and measles. Today’s anti-vaxxers are no more eloquent than their forebears, " "and they have a much harder job." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:141 msgid "" "So can these far-fetched conspiracy theorists really be succeeding on the " "basis of superior arguments?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:145 msgid "" "Some people think so. Today, there is a widespread belief that machine " "learning and commercial surveillance can turn even the most fumble-tongued " "conspiracy theorist into a svengali who can warp your perceptions and win " -"your belief by locating vulnerable people and then pitching them with " -"A.I.-refined arguments that bypass their rational faculties and turn " -"everyday people into flat Earthers, anti-vaxxers, or even Nazis. When the " -"RAND Corporation <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR400/RR453/RAND_RR453.pdf\">blames " -"Facebook for <quote>radicalization</quote></ulink> and when Facebook’s role " -"in spreading coronavirus misinformation is <ulink " -"url=\"https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/en/facebook_threat_health/\">blamed " -"on its algorithm</ulink>, the implicit message is that machine learning and " -"surveillance are causing the changes in our consensus about what’s true." +"your belief by locating vulnerable people and then pitching them with A.I.-" +"refined arguments that bypass their rational faculties and turn everyday " +"people into flat Earthers, anti-vaxxers, or even Nazis. When the RAND " +"Corporation <ulink url=\"https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/" +"research_reports/RR400/RR453/RAND_RR453.pdf\">blames Facebook for " +"<quote>radicalization</quote></ulink> and when Facebook’s role in spreading " +"coronavirus misinformation is <ulink url=\"https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/" +"en/facebook_threat_health/\">blamed on its algorithm</ulink>, the implicit " +"message is that machine learning and surveillance are causing the changes in " +"our consensus about what’s true." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:161 msgid "" "After all, in a world where sprawling and incoherent conspiracy theories " "like Pizzagate and its successor, QAnon, have widespread followings, " @@ -292,7 +264,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:166 msgid "" "But what if there’s another explanation? What if it’s the material " "circumstances, and not the arguments, that are making the difference for " @@ -305,55 +276,50 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:176 msgid "" "If it’s trauma and not contagion — material conditions and not ideology — " "that is making the difference today and enabling a rise of repulsive " "misinformation in the face of easily observed facts, that doesn’t mean our " "computer networks are blameless. They’re still doing the heavy work of " -"locating vulnerable people and guiding them through a series of " -"ever-more-extreme ideas and communities." +"locating vulnerable people and guiding them through a series of ever-more-" +"extreme ideas and communities." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:184 msgid "" "Belief in conspiracy is a raging fire that has done real damage and poses " -"real danger to our planet and species, from epidemics <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.cdc.gov/measles/cases-outbreaks.html\">kicked off by " -"vaccine denial</ulink> to genocides <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/15/technology/myanmar-facebook-genocide.html\">kicked " -"off by racist conspiracies</ulink> to planetary meltdown caused by " -"denial-inspired climate inaction. Our world is on fire, and so we have to " -"put the fires out — to figure out how to help people see the truth of the " -"world through the conspiracies they’ve been confused by." +"real danger to our planet and species, from epidemics <ulink url=\"https://" +"www.cdc.gov/measles/cases-outbreaks.html\">kicked off by vaccine denial</" +"ulink> to genocides <ulink url=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/15/" +"technology/myanmar-facebook-genocide.html\">kicked off by racist " +"conspiracies</ulink> to planetary meltdown caused by denial-inspired climate " +"inaction. Our world is on fire, and so we have to put the fires out — to " +"figure out how to help people see the truth of the world through the " +"conspiracies they’ve been confused by." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:196 msgid "" -"But firefighting is reactive. We need fire " -"<emphasis>prevention</emphasis>. We need to strike at the traumatic material " -"conditions that make people vulnerable to the contagion of conspiracy. Here, " -"too, tech has a role to play." +"But firefighting is reactive. We need fire <emphasis>prevention</emphasis>. " +"We need to strike at the traumatic material conditions that make people " +"vulnerable to the contagion of conspiracy. Here, too, tech has a role to " +"play." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:202 msgid "" -"There’s no shortage of proposals to address this. From the EU’s <ulink " -"url=\"https://edri.org/tag/terreg/\">Terrorist Content Regulation</ulink>, " -"which requires platforms to police and remove <quote>extremist</quote> " -"content, to the U.S. proposals to <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/03/earn-it-act-violates-constitution\">force " -"tech companies to spy on their users</ulink> and hold them liable <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.natlawreview.com/article/repeal-cda-section-230\">for " -"their users’ bad speech</ulink>, there’s a lot of energy to force tech " -"companies to solve the problems they created." +"There’s no shortage of proposals to address this. From the EU’s <ulink url=" +"\"https://edri.org/tag/terreg/\">Terrorist Content Regulation</ulink>, which " +"requires platforms to police and remove <quote>extremist</quote> content, to " +"the U.S. proposals to <ulink url=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/03/" +"earn-it-act-violates-constitution\">force tech companies to spy on their " +"users</ulink> and hold them liable <ulink url=\"https://www.natlawreview.com/" +"article/repeal-cda-section-230\">for their users’ bad speech</ulink>, " +"there’s a lot of energy to force tech companies to solve the problems they " +"created." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:213 msgid "" "There’s a critical piece missing from the debate, though. All these " "solutions assume that tech companies are a fixture, that their dominance " @@ -365,7 +331,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:223 msgid "" "Figuring out what we want our tech to look like is crucial if we’re going to " "get out of this mess. Today, we’re at a crossroads where we’re trying to " @@ -375,66 +340,63 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:231 msgid "" "I want us to choose wisely. Taming Big Tech is integral to fixing the " "Internet, and for that, we need digital rights activism." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:235 msgid "Digital rights activism, a quarter-century on" msgstr "Aktywizm praw cyfrowych, krótka historia 25 lat działalności" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:237 msgid "" "Digital rights activism is more than 30 years old now. The Electronic " "Frontier Foundation turned 30 this year; the Free Software Foundation " "launched in 1985. For most of the history of the movement, the most " "prominent criticism leveled against it was that it was irrelevant: The real " "activist causes were real-world causes (think of the skepticism when <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/finland-legal-right-to-broadband-for-all-citizens/#:~:text=Global%20Legal%20Monitor,-Home%20%7C%20Search%20%7C%20Browse&text=(July%206%2C%202010)%20On,connection%20100%20MBPS%20by%202015.\">Finland " -"declared broadband a human right in 2010</ulink>), and real-world activism " -"was shoe-leather activism (think of Malcolm Gladwell’s <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/10/04/small-change-malcolm-gladwell\">contempt " -"for <quote>clicktivism</quote></ulink>). But as tech has grown more central " -"to our daily lives, these accusations of irrelevance have given way first to " +"url=\"https://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/finland-legal-right-to-" +"broadband-for-all-citizens/#:~:text=Global%20Legal%20Monitor,-Home%20%7C" +"%20Search%20%7C%20Browse&text=(July%206%2C%202010)%20On,connection" +"%20100%20MBPS%20by%202015.\">Finland declared broadband a human right in " +"2010</ulink>), and real-world activism was shoe-leather activism (think of " +"Malcolm Gladwell’s <ulink url=\"https://www.newyorker.com/" +"magazine/2010/10/04/small-change-malcolm-gladwell\">contempt for " +"<quote>clicktivism</quote></ulink>). But as tech has grown more central to " +"our daily lives, these accusations of irrelevance have given way first to " "accusations of insincerity (<quote>You only care about tech because you’re " -"<ulink " -"url=\"https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2018/06/04/report-engine-eff-shills-google-patent-reform/id=98007/\">shilling " -"for tech companies</ulink></quote>) to accusations of negligence (<quote>Why " -"didn’t you foresee that tech could be such a destructive force?</quote>). " -"But digital rights activism is right where it’s always been: looking out for " -"the humans in a world where tech is inexorably taking over." +"<ulink url=\"https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2018/06/04/report-engine-eff-shills-" +"google-patent-reform/id=98007/\">shilling for tech companies</ulink></" +"quote>) to accusations of negligence (<quote>Why didn’t you foresee that " +"tech could be such a destructive force?</quote>). But digital rights " +"activism is right where it’s always been: looking out for the humans in a " +"world where tech is inexorably taking over." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:258 msgid "" "The latest version of this critique comes in the form of <quote>surveillance " "capitalism,</quote> a term coined by business professor Shoshana Zuboff in " "her long and influential 2019 book, <emphasis>The Age of Surveillance " -"Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of " -"Power</emphasis>. Zuboff argues that <quote>surveillance capitalism</quote> " -"is a unique creature of the tech industry and that it is unlike any other " -"abusive commercial practice in history, one that is <quote>constituted by " -"unexpected and often illegible mechanisms of extraction, commodification, " -"and control that effectively exile persons from their own behavior while " -"producing new markets of behavioral prediction and " -"modification. Surveillance capitalism challenges democratic norms and " -"departs in key ways from the centuries-long evolution of market " -"capitalism.</quote> It is a new and deadly form of capitalism, a " -"<quote>rogue capitalism,</quote> and our lack of understanding of its unique " -"capabilities and dangers represents an existential, species-wide " -"threat. She’s right that capitalism today threatens our species, and she’s " -"right that tech poses unique challenges to our species and civilization, but " -"she’s really wrong about how tech is different and why it threatens our " -"species." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:279 +"Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power</" +"emphasis>. Zuboff argues that <quote>surveillance capitalism</quote> is a " +"unique creature of the tech industry and that it is unlike any other abusive " +"commercial practice in history, one that is <quote>constituted by unexpected " +"and often illegible mechanisms of extraction, commodification, and control " +"that effectively exile persons from their own behavior while producing new " +"markets of behavioral prediction and modification. Surveillance capitalism " +"challenges democratic norms and departs in key ways from the centuries-long " +"evolution of market capitalism.</quote> It is a new and deadly form of " +"capitalism, a <quote>rogue capitalism,</quote> and our lack of understanding " +"of its unique capabilities and dangers represents an existential, species-" +"wide threat. She’s right that capitalism today threatens our species, and " +"she’s right that tech poses unique challenges to our species and " +"civilization, but she’s really wrong about how tech is different and why it " +"threatens our species." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" "What’s more, I think that her incorrect diagnosis will lead us down a path " "that ends up making Big Tech stronger, not weaker. We need to take down Big " @@ -442,12 +404,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:285 msgid "Tech exceptionalism, then and now" msgstr "Wyjątkowość Technologii, dawniej i obecnie" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:287 msgid "" "Early critics of the digital rights movement — perhaps best represented by " "campaigning organizations like the Electronic Frontier Foundation, the Free " @@ -464,18 +424,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:302 msgid "" "In the decades since, accusations of <quote>tech exceptionalism</quote> have " "only sharpened as tech’s role in everyday life has expanded: Now that tech " "has infiltrated every corner of our life and our online lives have been " "monopolized by a handful of giants, defenders of digital freedoms are " -"accused of carrying water for Big Tech, providing cover for its " -"self-interested negligence (or worse, nefarious plots)." +"accused of carrying water for Big Tech, providing cover for its self-" +"interested negligence (or worse, nefarious plots)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:310 msgid "" "From my perspective, the digital rights movement has remained stationary " "while the rest of the world has moved. From the earliest days, the " @@ -488,28 +446,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:321 msgid "" "The <quote>surveillance capitalism</quote> critique recasts the digital " "rights movement in a new light again: not as alarmists who overestimate the " -"importance of their shiny toys nor as shills for big tech but as serene " -"deck-chair rearrangers whose long-standing activism is a liability because " -"it makes them incapable of perceiving novel threats as they continue to " -"fight the last century’s tech battles." +"importance of their shiny toys nor as shills for big tech but as serene deck-" +"chair rearrangers whose long-standing activism is a liability because it " +"makes them incapable of perceiving novel threats as they continue to fight " +"the last century’s tech battles." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:329 msgid "But tech exceptionalism is a sin no matter who practices it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:332 msgid "Don’t believe the hype" msgstr "Nie wierz 'szumom' medialnym" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:334 msgid "" "You’ve probably heard that <quote>if you’re not paying for the product, " "you’re the product.</quote> As we’ll see below, that’s true, if incomplete. " @@ -521,7 +475,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:344 msgid "" "The fear of surveillance capitalism starts from the (correct) presumption " "that everything Big Tech says about itself is probably a lie. But the " @@ -535,7 +488,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:356 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism assumes that because advertisers buy a lot of what " "Big Tech is selling, Big Tech must be selling something real. But Big Tech’s " @@ -545,7 +497,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:363 msgid "" "Being watched changes your behavior, and not for the better. It creates " "risks for our social progress. Zuboff’s book features beautifully wrought " @@ -560,21 +511,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:377 msgid "What is persuasion?" msgstr "Co to jest przekonywanie?" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:379 msgid "" "To understand why you shouldn’t worry about mind-control rays — but why you " -"<emphasis>should</emphasis> worry about surveillance " -"<emphasis>and</emphasis> Big Tech — we must start by unpacking what we mean " -"by <quote>persuasion.</quote>" +"<emphasis>should</emphasis> worry about surveillance <emphasis>and</" +"emphasis> Big Tech — we must start by unpacking what we mean by " +"<quote>persuasion.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:385 msgid "" "Google, Facebook, and other surveillance capitalists promise their customers " "(the advertisers) that if they use machine-learning tools trained on " @@ -585,14 +533,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:394 msgid "" "The impact of dominance far exceeds the impact of manipulation and should be " "central to our analysis and any remedies we seek." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:399 msgid "" "But there’s little evidence that this is happening. Instead, the predictions " "that surveillance capitalism delivers to its customers are much less " @@ -602,12 +548,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:406 msgid "1. Segmenting" msgstr "1. Segmentacja" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:408 msgid "" "If you’re selling diapers, you have better luck if you pitch them to people " "in maternity wards. Not everyone who enters or leaves a maternity ward just " @@ -619,37 +563,32 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:419 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism is segmenting times a billion. Diaper vendors can go " "way beyond people in maternity wards (though they can do that, too, with " "things like location-based mobile ads). They can target you based on " "whether you’re reading articles about child-rearing, diapers, or a host of " "other subjects, and data mining can suggest unobvious keywords to advertise " -"against. They can target you based on the articles you’ve recently " -"read. They can target you based on what you’ve recently purchased. They can " -"target you based on whether you receive emails or private messages about " -"these subjects — or even if you speak aloud about them (though Facebook and " -"the like convincingly claim that’s not happening — yet)." +"against. They can target you based on the articles you’ve recently read. " +"They can target you based on what you’ve recently purchased. They can target " +"you based on whether you receive emails or private messages about these " +"subjects — or even if you speak aloud about them (though Facebook and the " +"like convincingly claim that’s not happening — yet)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:433 msgid "This is seriously creepy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:436 msgid "But it’s not mind control." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:439 msgid "It doesn’t deprive you of your free will. It doesn’t trick you." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:442 msgid "" "Think of how surveillance capitalism works in politics. Surveillance " "capitalist companies sell political operatives the power to locate people " @@ -662,7 +601,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:453 msgid "" "But this is an inexact and thus wasteful practice. The union organizer can’t " "know which worker to approach on the way out of the factory gates and may " @@ -674,7 +612,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:463 msgid "" "Because targeting improves the yields on political pitches, it can " "accelerate the pace of political upheaval by making it possible for everyone " @@ -687,7 +624,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:474 msgid "" "It’s important to differentiate this kind of political organizing from " "influence campaigns; finding people who secretly agree with you isn’t the " @@ -699,7 +635,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:483 msgid "" "But the personal accounts of those who have come out tell a different story " "where people who long harbored a secret about their gender were emboldened " @@ -710,12 +645,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:492 msgid "2. Deception" msgstr "2. Podstęp" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:494 msgid "" "Lies and fraud are pernicious, and surveillance capitalism supercharges them " "through targeting. If you want to sell a fraudulent payday loan or subprime " @@ -729,19 +662,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:506 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism also abets fraud by making it easy to locate other " "people who have been similarly deceived, forming a community of people who " -"reinforce one another’s false beliefs. Think of <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.vulture.com/2020/01/the-dream-podcast-review.html\">the " -"forums</ulink> where people who are being victimized by multilevel marketing " -"frauds gather to trade tips on how to improve their luck in peddling the " -"product." +"reinforce one another’s false beliefs. Think of <ulink url=\"https://www." +"vulture.com/2020/01/the-dream-podcast-review.html\">the forums</ulink> where " +"people who are being victimized by multilevel marketing frauds gather to " +"trade tips on how to improve their luck in peddling the product." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:516 msgid "" "Sometimes, online deception involves replacing someone’s correct beliefs " "with incorrect ones, as it does in the anti-vaccination movement, whose " @@ -751,7 +681,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:523 msgid "" "But it’s much more common for fraud to succeed when it doesn’t have to " "displace a true belief. When my daughter contracted head lice at daycare, " @@ -764,30 +693,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:534 msgid "" "This is pernicious and difficult — and it’s also the kind of thing the " "internet can help guard against by making true information available, " "especially in a form that exposes the underlying deliberations among parties " "with sharply divergent views, such as Wikipedia. But it’s not brainwashing; " -"it’s fraud. In the <ulink " -"url=\"https://datasociety.net/library/data-voids/\">majority of " -"cases</ulink>, the victims of these fraud campaigns have an informational " -"void filled in the customary way, by consulting a seemingly reliable " -"source. If I look up the length of the Brooklyn Bridge and learn that it is " -"5,800 feet long, but in reality, it is 5,989 feet long, the underlying " -"deception is a problem, but it’s a problem with a simple remedy. It’s a very " -"different problem from the anti-vax issue in which someone’s true belief is " -"displaced by a false one by means of sophisticated persuasion." +"it’s fraud. In the <ulink url=\"https://datasociety.net/library/data-voids/" +"\">majority of cases</ulink>, the victims of these fraud campaigns have an " +"informational void filled in the customary way, by consulting a seemingly " +"reliable source. If I look up the length of the Brooklyn Bridge and learn " +"that it is 5,800 feet long, but in reality, it is 5,989 feet long, the " +"underlying deception is a problem, but it’s a problem with a simple remedy. " +"It’s a very different problem from the anti-vax issue in which someone’s " +"true belief is displaced by a false one by means of sophisticated persuasion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:551 msgid "3. Domination" msgstr "3. Dominacja" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:553 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism is the result of monopoly. Monopoly is the cause, " "and surveillance capitalism and its negative outcomes are the effects of " @@ -798,7 +723,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:562 msgid "" "One example of how monopolism aids in persuasion is through dominance: " "Google makes editorial decisions about its algorithms that determine the " @@ -813,7 +737,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:575 msgid "" "Google’s dominance over search — more than 86% of web searches are performed " "through Google — means that the way it orders its search results has an " @@ -827,28 +750,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:587 msgid "" "Zuboff calls surveillance capitalism a <quote>rogue capitalism</quote> whose " "data-hoarding and machine-learning techniques rob us of our free will. But " "influence campaigns that seek to displace existing, correct beliefs with " "false ones have an effect that is small and temporary while monopolistic " -"dominance over informational systems has massive, enduring " -"effects. Controlling the results to the world’s search queries means " -"controlling access both to arguments and their rebuttals and, thus, control " -"over much of the world’s beliefs. If our concern is how corporations are " -"foreclosing on our ability to make up our own minds and determine our own " -"futures, the impact of dominance far exceeds the impact of manipulation and " -"should be central to our analysis and any remedies we seek." +"dominance over informational systems has massive, enduring effects. " +"Controlling the results to the world’s search queries means controlling " +"access both to arguments and their rebuttals and, thus, control over much of " +"the world’s beliefs. If our concern is how corporations are foreclosing on " +"our ability to make up our own minds and determine our own futures, the " +"impact of dominance far exceeds the impact of manipulation and should be " +"central to our analysis and any remedies we seek." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:602 msgid "4. Bypassing our rational faculties" msgstr "4. Omijanie naszych racjonalnych zdolności" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:604 msgid "" "<emphasis>This</emphasis> is the good stuff: using machine learning, " "<quote>dark patterns,</quote> engagement hacking, and other techniques to " @@ -857,22 +777,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:610 msgid "" "Some of these techniques have proven devastatingly effective (if only in the " "short term). The use of countdown timers on a purchase completion page can " "create a sense of urgency that causes you to ignore the nagging internal " "voice suggesting that you should shop around or sleep on your decision. The " -"use of people from your social graph in ads can provide <quote>social " -"proof</quote> that a purchase is worth making. Even the auction system " -"pioneered by eBay is calculated to play on our cognitive blind spots, " -"letting us feel like we <quote>own</quote> something because we bid on it, " -"thus encouraging us to bid again when we are outbid to ensure that " -"<quote>our</quote> things stay ours." +"use of people from your social graph in ads can provide <quote>social proof</" +"quote> that a purchase is worth making. Even the auction system pioneered by " +"eBay is calculated to play on our cognitive blind spots, letting us feel " +"like we <quote>own</quote> something because we bid on it, thus encouraging " +"us to bid again when we are outbid to ensure that <quote>our</quote> things " +"stay ours." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:623 msgid "" "Games are extraordinarily good at this. <quote>Free to play</quote> games " "manipulate us through many techniques, such as presenting players with a " @@ -885,19 +803,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:634 msgid "" -"Companies have risen and fallen on these techniques, and the " -"<quote>fallen</quote> part is worth paying attention to. In general, living " -"things adapt to stimulus: Something that is very compelling or noteworthy " -"when you first encounter it fades with repetition until you stop noticing it " -"altogether. Consider the refrigerator hum that irritates you when it starts " -"up but disappears into the background so thoroughly that you only notice it " -"when it stops again." +"Companies have risen and fallen on these techniques, and the <quote>fallen</" +"quote> part is worth paying attention to. In general, living things adapt to " +"stimulus: Something that is very compelling or noteworthy when you first " +"encounter it fades with repetition until you stop noticing it altogether. " +"Consider the refrigerator hum that irritates you when it starts up but " +"disappears into the background so thoroughly that you only notice it when it " +"stops again." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:644 msgid "" "That’s why behavioral conditioning uses <quote>intermittent reinforcement " "schedules.</quote> Instead of giving you a steady drip of encouragement or " @@ -907,7 +823,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:652 msgid "" "Intermittent reinforcement is a powerful behavioral tool, but it also " "represents a collective action problem for surveillance capitalism. The " @@ -916,31 +831,28 @@ msgid "" "so that what starts as a mysteriously compelling fillip in the design of a " "service—like <quote>pull to refresh</quote> or alerts when someone likes " "your posts or side quests that your characters get invited to while in the " -"midst of main quests—quickly becomes dully ubiquitous. The " -"impossible-to-nail-down nonpattern of randomized drips from your phone " -"becomes a grey-noise wall of sound as every single app and site starts to " -"make use of whatever seems to be working at the time." +"midst of main quests—quickly becomes dully ubiquitous. The impossible-to-" +"nail-down nonpattern of randomized drips from your phone becomes a grey-" +"noise wall of sound as every single app and site starts to make use of " +"whatever seems to be working at the time." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:667 msgid "" "From the surveillance capitalist’s point of view, our adaptive capacity is " "like a harmful bacterium that deprives it of its food source — our attention " "— and novel techniques for snagging that attention are like new antibiotics " -"that can be used to breach our defenses and destroy our " -"self-determination. And there <emphasis>are</emphasis> techniques like " -"that. Who can forget the Great Zynga Epidemic, when all of our friends were " -"caught in <emphasis>FarmVille</emphasis>’s endless, mindless dopamine loops? " -"But every new attention-commanding technique is jumped on by the whole " -"industry and used so indiscriminately that antibiotic resistance sets " -"in. Given enough repetition, almost all of us develop immunity to even the " -"most powerful techniques — by 2013, two years after Zynga’s peak, its user " -"base had halved." +"that can be used to breach our defenses and destroy our self-determination. " +"And there <emphasis>are</emphasis> techniques like that. Who can forget the " +"Great Zynga Epidemic, when all of our friends were caught in " +"<emphasis>FarmVille</emphasis>’s endless, mindless dopamine loops? But every " +"new attention-commanding technique is jumped on by the whole industry and " +"used so indiscriminately that antibiotic resistance sets in. Given enough " +"repetition, almost all of us develop immunity to even the most powerful " +"techniques — by 2013, two years after Zynga’s peak, its user base had halved." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:682 msgid "" "Not everyone, of course. Some people never adapt to stimulus, just as some " "people never stop hearing the hum of the refrigerator. This is why most " @@ -951,18 +863,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:690 msgid "" -"But surveillance capitalism’s margins on behavioral modification " -"suck. Tripling the rate at which someone buys a widget sounds great <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/priceonomics/2018/03/09/the-advertising-conversion-rates-for-every-major-tech-platform/#2f6a67485957\">unless " -"the base rate is way less than 1%</ulink> with an improved rate of… still " -"less than 1%. Even penny slot machines pull down pennies for every spin " -"while surveillance capitalism rakes in infinitesimal penny fractions." +"But surveillance capitalism’s margins on behavioral modification suck. " +"Tripling the rate at which someone buys a widget sounds great <ulink url=" +"\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/priceonomics/2018/03/09/the-advertising-" +"conversion-rates-for-every-major-tech-platform/#2f6a67485957\">unless the " +"base rate is way less than 1%</ulink> with an improved rate of… still less " +"than 1%. Even penny slot machines pull down pennies for every spin while " +"surveillance capitalism rakes in infinitesimal penny fractions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:700 msgid "" "Slot machines’ high returns mean that they can be profitable just by " "draining the fortunes of the small rump of people who are pathologically " @@ -981,7 +892,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:718 msgid "" "The vulnerability of small segments of the population to dramatic, efficient " "corporate manipulation is a real concern that’s worthy of our attention and " @@ -989,14 +899,13 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:725 -msgid "If data is the new oil, then surveillance capitalism’s engine has a leak" +msgid "" +"If data is the new oil, then surveillance capitalism’s engine has a leak" msgstr "" "Jeśli dane są nowym paliwem, to silnik kapitalistycznych systemów nadzoru ma " "wyciek" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:728 msgid "" "This adaptation problem offers an explanation for one of surveillance " "capitalism’s most alarming traits: its relentless hunger for data and its " @@ -1006,7 +915,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:735 msgid "" "Zuboff observes this phenomenon and concludes that data must be very " "valuable if surveillance capitalism is so hungry for it. (In her words: " @@ -1023,14 +931,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:750 msgid "" "Of course, all of Big Tech’s persuasion techniques work in concert with one " "another, and collecting data is useful beyond mere behavioral trickery." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:755 msgid "" "If someone wants to recruit you to buy a refrigerator or join a pogrom, they " "might use profiling and targeting to send messages to people they judge to " @@ -1046,7 +952,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:769 msgid "" "Each phase of this process benefits from surveillance: The more data they " "have, the more precisely they can profile you and target you with specific " @@ -1056,7 +961,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:776 msgid "" "Also, the more data they have, the better they can craft deceptive messages " "— if I know that you’re into genealogy, I might not try to feed you " @@ -1066,19 +970,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:783 msgid "" "Facebook also helps you locate people who have the same odious or antisocial " "views as you. It makes it possible to find other people who want to carry " -"tiki torches through the streets of Charlottesville in Confederate " -"cosplay. It can help you find other people who want to join your militia and " -"go to the border to look for undocumented migrants to terrorize. It can help " -"you find people who share your belief that vaccines are poison and that the " +"tiki torches through the streets of Charlottesville in Confederate cosplay. " +"It can help you find other people who want to join your militia and go to " +"the border to look for undocumented migrants to terrorize. It can help you " +"find people who share your belief that vaccines are poison and that the " "Earth is flat." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:793 msgid "" "There is one way in which targeted advertising uniquely benefits those " "advocating for socially unacceptable causes: It is invisible. Racism is " @@ -1094,7 +996,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:808 msgid "" "But even if you wanted to advertise your Nazi movement on a billboard or " "prime-time TV or the sports section, you would struggle to find anyone " @@ -1104,7 +1005,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:816 msgid "" "Targeted ads solve this problem: On the internet, every ad unit can be " "different for every person, meaning that you can buy ads that are only shown " @@ -1117,7 +1017,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:827 msgid "" "Online ads are placed by algorithms that broker between a diverse ecosystem " "of self-serve ad platforms that anyone can buy an ad through, so the Nazi ad " @@ -1125,14 +1024,13 @@ msgid "" "failing but rather as a failure in some distant, upstream ad supplier. When " "a publication gets a complaint about an offensive ad that’s appearing in one " "of its units, it can take some steps to block that ad, but the Nazi might " -"buy a slightly different ad from a different broker serving the same " -"unit. And in any event, internet users increasingly understand that when " -"they see an ad, it’s likely that the advertiser did not choose that " -"publication and that the publication has no idea who its advertisers are." +"buy a slightly different ad from a different broker serving the same unit. " +"And in any event, internet users increasingly understand that when they see " +"an ad, it’s likely that the advertiser did not choose that publication and " +"that the publication has no idea who its advertisers are." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:841 msgid "" "These layers of indirection between advertisers and publishers serve as " "moral buffers: Today’s moral consensus is largely that publishers shouldn’t " @@ -1142,7 +1040,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:849 msgid "" "Data has a complex relationship with domination. Being able to spy on your " "customers can alert you to their preferences for your rivals and allow you " @@ -1150,7 +1047,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:854 msgid "" "More importantly, if you can dominate the information space while also " "gathering data, then you make other deceptive tactics stronger because it’s " @@ -1161,7 +1057,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:863 msgid "" "If you’re a Nazi who wants to ensure that your prospects primarily see " "deceptive, confirming information when they search for more, you can improve " @@ -1173,7 +1068,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:872 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalists are like stage mentalists who claim that their " "extraordinary insights into human behavior let them guess the word that you " @@ -1182,18 +1076,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:879 msgid "" "Or perhaps they’re more like pick-up artists, the misogynistic cult that " "promises to help awkward men have sex with women by teaching them " "<quote>neurolinguistic programming</quote> phrases, body language " -"techniques, and psychological manipulation tactics like " -"<quote>negging</quote> — offering unsolicited negative feedback to women to " -"lower their self-esteem and prick their interest." +"techniques, and psychological manipulation tactics like <quote>negging</" +"quote> — offering unsolicited negative feedback to women to lower their self-" +"esteem and prick their interest." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:887 msgid "" "Some pick-up artists eventually manage to convince women to go home with " "them, but it’s not because these men have figured out how to bypass women’s " @@ -1206,7 +1098,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:898 msgid "" "Pick-up artists <emphasis>believe</emphasis> they have figured out a secret " "back door that bypasses women’s critical faculties, but they haven’t. Many " @@ -1217,27 +1108,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:907 msgid "" "Pick-up artists are proof that people can believe they have developed a " -"system of mind control <emphasis>even when it doesn’t " -"work</emphasis>. Pick-up artists simply exploit the fact that " -"one-in-a-million chances can come through for you if you make a million " -"attempts, and then they assume that the other 999,999 times, they simply " -"performed the technique incorrectly and commit themselves to doing better " -"next time. There’s only one group of people who find pick-up artist lore " -"reliably convincing: other would-be pick-up artists whose anxiety and " -"insecurity make them vulnerable to scammers and delusional men who convince " -"them that if they pay for tutelage and follow instructions, then they will " -"someday succeed. Pick-up artists assume they fail to entice women because " -"they are bad at being pick-up artists, not because pick-up artistry is " -"bullshit. Pick-up artists are bad at selling themselves to women, but " -"they’re much better at selling themselves to men who pay to learn the " -"secrets of pick-up artistry." +"system of mind control <emphasis>even when it doesn’t work</emphasis>. Pick-" +"up artists simply exploit the fact that one-in-a-million chances can come " +"through for you if you make a million attempts, and then they assume that " +"the other 999,999 times, they simply performed the technique incorrectly and " +"commit themselves to doing better next time. There’s only one group of " +"people who find pick-up artist lore reliably convincing: other would-be pick-" +"up artists whose anxiety and insecurity make them vulnerable to scammers and " +"delusional men who convince them that if they pay for tutelage and follow " +"instructions, then they will someday succeed. Pick-up artists assume they " +"fail to entice women because they are bad at being pick-up artists, not " +"because pick-up artistry is bullshit. Pick-up artists are bad at selling " +"themselves to women, but they’re much better at selling themselves to men " +"who pay to learn the secrets of pick-up artistry." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:925 msgid "" "Department store pioneer John Wanamaker is said to have lamented, " "<quote>Half the money I spend on advertising is wasted; the trouble is I " @@ -1249,12 +1137,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:935 msgid "What is Facebook?" msgstr "Co to jest Facebook?" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:937 msgid "" "Facebook is heralded as the origin of all of our modern plagues, and it’s " "not hard to see why. Some tech companies want to lock their users in but " @@ -1268,7 +1154,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:949 msgid "" "Facebook’s surveillance regime is really without parallel in the Western " "world. Though Facebook tries to prevent itself from being visible on the " @@ -1283,14 +1168,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:963 msgid "" "Big Tech is able to practice surveillance not just because it is tech but " "because it is <emphasis>big</emphasis>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:968 msgid "" "Facebook offers similar tools to app developers, so the apps — games, fart " "machines, business review services, apps for keeping abreast of your kid’s " @@ -1304,7 +1187,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:979 msgid "" "Though it’s easy to integrate the web with Facebook — linking to news " "stories and such — Facebook products are generally not available to be " @@ -1318,7 +1200,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:991 msgid "" "And Facebook is incredibly popular, with 2.3 billion claimed users (though " "many believe this figure to be inflated). Facebook has been used to organize " @@ -1331,14 +1212,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1002 msgid "" "To understand what role Facebook plays in the formulation and mobilization " "of antisocial movements, we need to understand the dual nature of Facebook." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1007 msgid "" "Because it has a lot of users and a lot of data about those users, Facebook " "is a very efficient tool for locating people with hard-to-find traits, the " @@ -1355,24 +1234,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1022 msgid "" -"Facebook makes finding people shopping for refrigerators a " -"<emphasis>lot</emphasis> easier. It can target ads to people who’ve " -"registered a new home purchase, to people who’ve searched for refrigerator " -"buying advice, to people who have complained about their fridge dying, or " -"any combination thereof. It can even target people who’ve recently bought " -"<emphasis>other</emphasis> kitchen appliances on the theory that someone " -"who’s just replaced their stove and dishwasher might be in a fridge-buying " -"kind of mood. The vast majority of people who are reached by these ads will " -"not be in the market for a new fridge, but — crucially — the percentage of " -"people who <emphasis>are</emphasis> looking for fridges that these ads reach " -"is <emphasis>much</emphasis> larger than it is than for any group that might " -"be subjected to traditional, offline targeted refrigerator marketing." +"Facebook makes finding people shopping for refrigerators a <emphasis>lot</" +"emphasis> easier. It can target ads to people who’ve registered a new home " +"purchase, to people who’ve searched for refrigerator buying advice, to " +"people who have complained about their fridge dying, or any combination " +"thereof. It can even target people who’ve recently bought <emphasis>other</" +"emphasis> kitchen appliances on the theory that someone who’s just replaced " +"their stove and dishwasher might be in a fridge-buying kind of mood. The " +"vast majority of people who are reached by these ads will not be in the " +"market for a new fridge, but — crucially — the percentage of people who " +"<emphasis>are</emphasis> looking for fridges that these ads reach is " +"<emphasis>much</emphasis> larger than it is than for any group that might be " +"subjected to traditional, offline targeted refrigerator marketing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1038 msgid "" "Facebook also makes it a lot easier to find people who have the same rare " "disease as you, which might have been impossible in earlier eras — the " @@ -1383,7 +1260,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1046 msgid "" "Facebook also makes it much easier to find people who hold the same rare " "political beliefs as you. If you’ve always harbored a secret affinity for " @@ -1398,7 +1274,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1059 msgid "" "All of this presents a dilemma for Facebook: Targeting makes the company’s " "ads more effective than traditional ads, but it also lets advertisers see " @@ -1412,18 +1287,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1070 msgid "" -"To make things worse, many Facebook groups spark precious little " -"discussion. Your little-league soccer team, the people with the same rare " -"disease as you, and the people you share a political affinity with may " -"exchange the odd flurry of messages at critical junctures, but on a daily " -"basis, there’s not much to say to your old high school chums or other " -"hockey-card collectors." +"To make things worse, many Facebook groups spark precious little discussion. " +"Your little-league soccer team, the people with the same rare disease as " +"you, and the people you share a political affinity with may exchange the odd " +"flurry of messages at critical junctures, but on a daily basis, there’s not " +"much to say to your old high school chums or other hockey-card collectors." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1078 msgid "" "With nothing but <quote>organic</quote> discussion, Facebook would not " "generate enough traffic to sell enough ads to make the money it needs to " @@ -1432,7 +1304,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1084 msgid "" "So Facebook has to gin up traffic by sidetracking its own forums: Every time " "Facebook’s algorithm injects controversial materials — inflammatory " @@ -1445,7 +1316,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1095 msgid "" "Facebook <emphasis>can</emphasis> modify our behavior but only in a couple " "of trivial ways. First, it can lock in all your friends and family members " @@ -1458,19 +1328,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1106 msgid "" "This is why Facebook’s targeting systems — both the ones it shows to " "advertisers and the ones that let users find people who share their " "interests — are so next-gen and smooth and easy to use as well as why its " "message boards have a toolset that seems like it hasn’t changed since the " -"mid-2000s. If Facebook delivered an equally flexible, sophisticated " -"message-reading system to its users, those users could defend themselves " -"against being nonconsensually eyeball-fucked with Donald Trump headlines." +"mid-2000s. If Facebook delivered an equally flexible, sophisticated message-" +"reading system to its users, those users could defend themselves against " +"being nonconsensually eyeball-fucked with Donald Trump headlines." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1116 msgid "" "The more time you spend on Facebook, the more ads it gets to show you. The " "solution to Facebook’s ads only working one in a thousand times is for the " @@ -1484,12 +1352,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1128 msgid "Monopoly and the right to the future tense" msgstr "Monopol i prawo do czasu przyszłego" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1130 msgid "" "Zuboff and her cohort are particularly alarmed at the extent to which " "surveillance allows corporations to influence our decisions, taking away " @@ -1498,7 +1364,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1137 msgid "" "It’s true that advertising can tip the scales one way or another: When " "you’re thinking of buying a fridge, a timely fridge ad might end the search " @@ -1511,18 +1376,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1148 msgid "" "By contrast, Zuboff is rather sanguine about 40 years of lax antitrust " "practice that has allowed a handful of companies to dominate the internet, " -"ushering in an information age with, <ulink " -"url=\"https://twitter.com/tveastman/status/1069674780826071040\">as one " -"person on Twitter noted</ulink>, five giant websites each filled with " -"screenshots of the other four." +"ushering in an information age with, <ulink url=\"https://twitter.com/" +"tveastman/status/1069674780826071040\">as one person on Twitter noted</" +"ulink>, five giant websites each filled with screenshots of the other four." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1156 msgid "" "However, if we are to be alarmed that we might lose the right to choose for " "ourselves what our future will hold, then monopoly’s nonspeculative, " @@ -1531,7 +1393,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1162 msgid "" "Start with <quote>digital rights management.</quote> In 1998, Bill Clinton " "signed the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) into law. It’s a complex " @@ -1540,7 +1401,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1168 msgid "" "This is a blanket ban on tampering with systems that restrict access to " "copyrighted works. The ban is so thoroughgoing that it prohibits removing a " @@ -1551,7 +1411,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1176 msgid "" "For example, Section 1201’s first major application was on DVD players as a " "means of enforcing the region coding built into those devices. DVD-CCA, the " @@ -1565,18 +1424,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1188 msgid "" "However, watching a lawfully produced disc in a country other than the one " -"where you purchased it is not copyright infringement — it’s the " -"opposite. Copyright law imposes this duty on customers for a movie: You must " -"go into a store, find a licensed disc, and pay the asking price. Do that — " -"and <emphasis>nothing else</emphasis> — and you and copyright are square " -"with one another." +"where you purchased it is not copyright infringement — it’s the opposite. " +"Copyright law imposes this duty on customers for a movie: You must go into a " +"store, find a licensed disc, and pay the asking price. Do that — and " +"<emphasis>nothing else</emphasis> — and you and copyright are square with " +"one another." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1196 msgid "" "The fact that a movie studio wants to charge Indians less than Americans or " "release in Australia later than it releases in the U.K. has no bearing on " @@ -1585,7 +1442,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1203 msgid "" "So DVD and DVD player manufacturers would not be able to use accusations of " "abetting copyright infringement to punish manufacturers who made " @@ -1595,17 +1451,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1211 msgid "" "That’s where Section 1201 of the DMCA comes in: By banning tampering with an " "<quote>access control,</quote> the rule gave manufacturers and rights " "holders standing to sue competitors who released superior products with " -"lawful features that the market demanded (in this case, region-free " -"players)." +"lawful features that the market demanded (in this case, region-free players)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1218 msgid "" "This is an odious scam against consumers, but as time went by, Section 1201 " "grew to encompass a rapidly expanding constellation of devices and services " @@ -1613,14 +1466,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1226 msgid "" "Any device with software in it contains a <quote>copyrighted work</quote> — " "i.e., the software." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1232 msgid "" "A device can be designed so that reconfiguring the software requires " "bypassing an <quote>access control for copyrighted works,</quote> which is a " @@ -1628,7 +1479,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1239 msgid "" "Thus, companies can control their customers’ behavior after they take home " "their purchases by designing products so that all unpermitted uses require " @@ -1636,7 +1486,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1247 msgid "" "Section 1201 then becomes a means for manufacturers of all descriptions to " "force their customers to arrange their affairs to benefit the manufacturers’ " @@ -1644,7 +1493,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1252 msgid "" "This manifests in many ways: from a new generation of inkjet printers that " "use countermeasures to prevent third-party ink that cannot be bypassed " @@ -1655,12 +1503,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1261 msgid "" -"Closer to home, Apple’s iPhones use these measures to prevent both " -"third-party service and third-party software installation. This allows Apple " -"to decide when an iPhone is beyond repair and must be shredded and " -"landfilled as opposed to the iPhone’s purchaser. (Apple is notorious for its " +"Closer to home, Apple’s iPhones use these measures to prevent both third-" +"party service and third-party software installation. This allows Apple to " +"decide when an iPhone is beyond repair and must be shredded and landfilled " +"as opposed to the iPhone’s purchaser. (Apple is notorious for its " "environmentally catastrophic policy of destroying old electronics rather " "than permitting them to be cannibalized for parts.) This is a very useful " "power to wield, especially in light of CEO Tim Cook’s January 2019 warning " @@ -1669,7 +1516,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1274 msgid "" "Apple’s use of copyright locks also allows it to establish a monopoly over " "how its customers acquire software for their mobile devices. The App Store’s " @@ -1681,70 +1527,64 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1284 msgid "" "Crucially, Apple’s use of copyright locks gives it the power to make " "editorial decisions about which apps you may and may not install on your own " -"device. Apple has used this power to <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/apple/5982243/Apple-bans-dictionary-from-App-Store-over-swear-words.html\">reject " -"dictionaries</ulink> for containing obscene words; to <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/538kan/apple-just-banned-the-app-that-tracks-us-drone-strikes-again\">limit " -"political speech</ulink>, especially from apps that make sensitive political " -"commentary such as an app that notifies you every time a U.S. drone kills " -"someone somewhere in the world; and to <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2016-05-19-palestinian-indie-game-must-not-be-called-a-game-apple-says\">object " -"to a game</ulink> that commented on the Israel-Palestine conflict." +"device. Apple has used this power to <ulink url=\"https://www.telegraph.co." +"uk/technology/apple/5982243/Apple-bans-dictionary-from-App-Store-over-swear-" +"words.html\">reject dictionaries</ulink> for containing obscene words; to " +"<ulink url=\"https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/538kan/apple-just-banned-the-" +"app-that-tracks-us-drone-strikes-again\">limit political speech</ulink>, " +"especially from apps that make sensitive political commentary such as an app " +"that notifies you every time a U.S. drone kills someone somewhere in the " +"world; and to <ulink url=\"https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2016-05-19-" +"palestinian-indie-game-must-not-be-called-a-game-apple-says\">object to a " +"game</ulink> that commented on the Israel-Palestine conflict." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1297 msgid "" "Apple often justifies monopoly power over software installation in the name " "of security, arguing that its vetting of apps for its store means that it " "can guard its users against apps that contain surveillance code. But this " -"cuts both ways. In China, the government <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.ft.com/content/ad42e536-cf36-11e7-b781-794ce08b24dc\">ordered " -"Apple to prohibit the sale of privacy tools</ulink> like VPNs with the " -"exception of VPNs that had deliberately introduced flaws designed to let the " -"Chinese state eavesdrop on users. Because Apple uses technological " -"countermeasures — with legal backstops — to block customers from installing " -"unauthorized apps, Chinese iPhone owners cannot readily (or legally) acquire " -"VPNs that would protect them from Chinese state snooping." +"cuts both ways. In China, the government <ulink url=\"https://www.ft.com/" +"content/ad42e536-cf36-11e7-b781-794ce08b24dc\">ordered Apple to prohibit the " +"sale of privacy tools</ulink> like VPNs with the exception of VPNs that had " +"deliberately introduced flaws designed to let the Chinese state eavesdrop on " +"users. Because Apple uses technological countermeasures — with legal " +"backstops — to block customers from installing unauthorized apps, Chinese " +"iPhone owners cannot readily (or legally) acquire VPNs that would protect " +"them from Chinese state snooping." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1311 msgid "" "Zuboff calls surveillance capitalism a <quote>rogue capitalism.</quote> " -"Theoreticians of capitalism claim that its virtue is that it <ulink " -"url=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_signal\">aggregates information in " -"the form of consumers’ decisions</ulink>, producing efficient " -"markets. Surveillance capitalism’s supposed power to rob its victims of " -"their free will through computationally supercharged influence campaigns " -"means that our markets no longer aggregate customers’ decisions because we " -"customers no longer decide — we are given orders by surveillance " -"capitalism’s mind-control rays." +"Theoreticians of capitalism claim that its virtue is that it <ulink url=" +"\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_signal\">aggregates information in the " +"form of consumers’ decisions</ulink>, producing efficient markets. " +"Surveillance capitalism’s supposed power to rob its victims of their free " +"will through computationally supercharged influence campaigns means that our " +"markets no longer aggregate customers’ decisions because we customers no " +"longer decide — we are given orders by surveillance capitalism’s mind-" +"control rays." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1322 msgid "" "If our concern is that markets cease to function when consumers can no " "longer make choices, then copyright locks should concern us at " "<emphasis>least</emphasis> as much as influence campaigns. An influence " "campaign might nudge you to buy a certain brand of phone; but the copyright " "locks on that phone absolutely determine where you get it serviced, which " -"apps can run on it, and when you have to throw it away rather than fixing " -"it." +"apps can run on it, and when you have to throw it away rather than fixing it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1331 msgid "Search order and the right to the future tense" msgstr "Porządek wyszukiwania i prawo do czasu przyszłego" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1333 msgid "" "Markets are posed as a kind of magic: By discovering otherwise hidden " "information conveyed by the free choices of consumers, those consumers’ " @@ -1758,7 +1598,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1345 msgid "" "This ballot rigging is made more pernicious by the existence of monopolies " "over search order. Google’s search market share is about 90%. When Google’s " @@ -1772,7 +1611,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1357 msgid "" "Google’s algorithm is often tricked into serving disinformation as a " "prominent search result. But in these cases, Google isn’t persuading people " @@ -1781,21 +1619,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1363 msgid "" -"This is true whether the search is for <quote>Are vaccines " -"dangerous?</quote> or <quote>best restaurants near me.</quote> Most users " -"will never look past the first page of search results, and when the " -"overwhelming majority of people all use the same search engine, the ranking " -"algorithm deployed by that search engine will determine myriad outcomes " -"(whether to adopt a child, whether to have cancer surgery, where to eat " -"dinner, where to move, where to apply for a job) to a degree that vastly " -"outstrips any behavioral outcomes dictated by algorithmic persuasion " -"techniques." +"This is true whether the search is for <quote>Are vaccines dangerous?</" +"quote> or <quote>best restaurants near me.</quote> Most users will never " +"look past the first page of search results, and when the overwhelming " +"majority of people all use the same search engine, the ranking algorithm " +"deployed by that search engine will determine myriad outcomes (whether to " +"adopt a child, whether to have cancer surgery, where to eat dinner, where to " +"move, where to apply for a job) to a degree that vastly outstrips any " +"behavioral outcomes dictated by algorithmic persuasion techniques." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1374 msgid "" "Many of the questions we ask search engines have no empirically correct " "answers: <quote>Where should I eat dinner?</quote> is not an objective " @@ -1804,29 +1639,26 @@ msgid "" "answer. Many pages affirm the safety of vaccines, so which one goes first? " "Under conditions of competition, consumers can choose from many search " "engines and stick with the one whose algorithmic judgment suits them best, " -"but under conditions of monopoly, we all get our answers from the same " -"place." +"but under conditions of monopoly, we all get our answers from the same place." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1385 msgid "" "Google’s search dominance isn’t a matter of pure merit: The company has " -"leveraged many tactics that would have been prohibited under classical, " -"pre-Ronald-Reagan antitrust enforcement standards to attain its " -"dominance. After all, this is a company that has developed two major " -"products: a really good search engine and a pretty good Hotmail clone. Every " -"other major success it’s had — Android, YouTube, Google Maps, etc. — has " -"come through an acquisition of a nascent competitor. Many of the company’s " -"key divisions, such as the advertising technology of DoubleClick, violate " -"the historical antitrust principle of structural separation, which forbade " -"firms from owning subsidiaries that competed with their " -"customers. Railroads, for example, were barred from owning freight companies " -"that competed with the shippers whose freight they carried." +"leveraged many tactics that would have been prohibited under classical, pre-" +"Ronald-Reagan antitrust enforcement standards to attain its dominance. After " +"all, this is a company that has developed two major products: a really good " +"search engine and a pretty good Hotmail clone. Every other major success " +"it’s had — Android, YouTube, Google Maps, etc. — has come through an " +"acquisition of a nascent competitor. Many of the company’s key divisions, " +"such as the advertising technology of DoubleClick, violate the historical " +"antitrust principle of structural separation, which forbade firms from " +"owning subsidiaries that competed with their customers. Railroads, for " +"example, were barred from owning freight companies that competed with the " +"shippers whose freight they carried." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1401 msgid "" "If we’re worried about giant companies subverting markets by stripping " "consumers of their ability to make free choices, then vigorous antitrust " @@ -1838,7 +1670,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1411 msgid "" "This goes for many other companies. Amazon, a classic surveillance " "capitalist, is obviously the dominant tool for searching Amazon — though " @@ -1855,7 +1686,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1426 msgid "" "Not every monopolist is a surveillance capitalist, but that doesn’t mean " "they’re not able to shape consumer choices in wide-ranging ways. Zuboff " @@ -1871,26 +1701,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1441 msgid "" "Because of its use of copyright locks, Apple’s mobile customers are not " "legally allowed to switch to a rival retailer for its apps if they want to " "do so on an iPhone. Apple, obviously, is the only entity that gets to decide " "how it ranks the results of search queries in its stores. These decisions " "ensure that some apps are often installed (because they appear on page one) " -"and others are never installed (because they appear on page one " -"million). Apple’s search-ranking design decisions have a vastly more " -"significant effect on consumer behaviors than influence campaigns delivered " -"by surveillance capitalism’s ad-serving bots." +"and others are never installed (because they appear on page one million). " +"Apple’s search-ranking design decisions have a vastly more significant " +"effect on consumer behaviors than influence campaigns delivered by " +"surveillance capitalism’s ad-serving bots." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1453 msgid "Monopolists can afford sleeping pills for watchdogs" msgstr "Monopoliści mogą sobie pozwolić na proszki nasenne dla strażników" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1455 msgid "" "Only the most extreme market ideologues think that markets can self-regulate " "without state oversight. Markets need watchdogs — regulators, lawmakers, and " @@ -1902,7 +1729,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1465 msgid "" "But this kind of regulatory capture doesn’t come cheap. In competitive " "sectors, where rivals are constantly eroding one another’s margins, " @@ -1911,7 +1737,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1471 msgid "" "Many of the harms of surveillance capitalism are the result of weak or " "nonexistent regulation. Those regulatory vacuums spring from the power of " @@ -1920,7 +1745,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1477 msgid "" "Here’s an example: When firms over-collect and over-retain our data, they " "are at increased risk of suffering a breach — you can’t leak data you never " @@ -1931,14 +1755,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1486 msgid "" "But still, firms continue to over-collect and over-retain our data for three " "reasons:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1490 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">1. They are locked in the aforementioned limbic " "arms race with our capacity to shore up our attentional defense systems to " @@ -1952,11 +1774,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1502 msgid "" -"<emphasis role=\"strong\">2. They believe the surveillance capitalism " -"story.</emphasis> Data is cheap to aggregate and store, and both proponents " -"and opponents of surveillance capitalism have assured managers and product " +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">2. They believe the surveillance capitalism story." +"</emphasis> Data is cheap to aggregate and store, and both proponents and " +"opponents of surveillance capitalism have assured managers and product " "designers that if you collect enough data, you will be able to perform " "sorcerous acts of mind control, thus supercharging your sales. Even if you " "never figure out how to profit from the data, someone else will eventually " @@ -1967,23 +1788,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1515 msgid "" -"<emphasis role=\"strong\">3. The penalties for leaking data are " -"negligible.</emphasis> Most countries limit these penalties to actual " -"damages, meaning that consumers who’ve had their data breached have to show " -"actual monetary harms to get a reward. In 2014, Home Depot disclosed that it " -"had lost credit-card data for 53 million of its customers, but it settled " -"the matter by paying those customers about $0.34 each — and a third of that " -"$0.34 wasn’t even paid in cash. It took the form of a credit to procure a " -"largely ineffectual credit-monitoring service." +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">3. The penalties for leaking data are negligible.</" +"emphasis> Most countries limit these penalties to actual damages, meaning " +"that consumers who’ve had their data breached have to show actual monetary " +"harms to get a reward. In 2014, Home Depot disclosed that it had lost credit-" +"card data for 53 million of its customers, but it settled the matter by " +"paying those customers about $0.34 each — and a third of that $0.34 wasn’t " +"even paid in cash. It took the form of a credit to procure a largely " +"ineffectual credit-monitoring service." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1526 msgid "" -"But the harms from breaches are much more extensive than these " -"actual-damages rules capture. Identity thieves and fraudsters are wily and " +"But the harms from breaches are much more extensive than these actual-" +"damages rules capture. Identity thieves and fraudsters are wily and " "endlessly inventive. All the vast breaches of our century are being " "continuously recombined, the data sets merged and mined for new ways to " "victimize the people whose data was present in them. Any reasonable, " @@ -1993,27 +1812,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1536 msgid "" "However, even the most ambitious privacy rules, such as the EU General Data " "Protection Regulation, fall far short of capturing the negative " -"externalities of the platforms’ negligent over-collection and " -"over-retention, and what penalties they do provide are not aggressively " -"pursued by regulators." +"externalities of the platforms’ negligent over-collection and over-" +"retention, and what penalties they do provide are not aggressively pursued " +"by regulators." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1543 msgid "" -"This tolerance of — or indifference to — data over-collection and " -"over-retention can be ascribed in part to the sheer lobbying muscle of the " +"This tolerance of — or indifference to — data over-collection and over-" +"retention can be ascribed in part to the sheer lobbying muscle of the " "platforms. They are so profitable that they can handily afford to divert " "gigantic sums to fight any real change — that is, change that would force " "them to internalize the costs of their surveillance activities." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1551 msgid "" "And then there’s state surveillance, which the surveillance capitalism story " "dismisses as a relic of another era when the big worry was being jailed for " @@ -2022,7 +1838,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1557 msgid "" "But state surveillance and private surveillance are intimately related. As " "we saw when Apple was conscripted by the Chinese government as a vital " @@ -2033,7 +1848,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1565 msgid "" "Whether it’s Google being used as a location tracking tool by local law " "enforcement across the U.S. or the use of social media tracking by the " @@ -2052,19 +1866,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1583 msgid "" "Monopolism is key to the project of mass state surveillance. It’s true that " "smaller tech firms are apt to be less well-defended than Big Tech, whose " "security experts are drawn from the tops of their field and who are given " -"enormous resources to secure and monitor their systems against " -"intruders. But smaller firms also have less to protect: fewer users whose " -"data is more fragmented across more systems and have to be suborned one at a " -"time by state actors." +"enormous resources to secure and monitor their systems against intruders. " +"But smaller firms also have less to protect: fewer users whose data is more " +"fragmented across more systems and have to be suborned one at a time by " +"state actors." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1592 msgid "" "A concentrated tech sector that works with authorities is a much more " "powerful ally in the project of mass state surveillance than a fragmented " @@ -2080,7 +1892,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1606 msgid "" "They can even make a good case for doing this: After all, when there are " "only four or five big companies in an industry, everyone qualified to " @@ -2091,14 +1902,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1615 msgid "" "While surveillance doesn’t cause monopolies, monopolies certainly abet " "surveillance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1620 msgid "" "Industries that are competitive are fragmented — composed of companies that " "are at each other’s throats all the time and eroding one another’s margins " @@ -2109,7 +1918,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1628 msgid "" "Surveillance combined with machine learning is supposed to be an existential " "crisis, a species-defining moment at which our free will is just a few more " @@ -2119,12 +1927,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1636 msgid "But that threat grows out of monopoly." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1639 msgid "" "One of the consequences of tech’s regulatory capture is that it can shift " "liability for poor security decisions onto its customers and the wider " @@ -2135,7 +1941,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1647 msgid "" "IT is the only field in which this is practiced: No one builds a bridge or a " "hospital and keeps the composition of the steel or the equations used to " @@ -2146,7 +1951,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1656 msgid "" "The monopoly power that keeps any meaningful consequences for breaches at " "bay means that tech companies continue to build terrible products that are " @@ -2158,18 +1962,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1666 msgid "" "These bad security decisions are compounded yet again by the use of " -"copyright locks to enforce business-model decisions against " -"consumers. Recall that these locks have become the go-to means for shaping " -"consumer behavior, making it technically impossible to use third-party ink, " -"insulin, apps, or service depots in connection with your lawfully acquired " -"property." +"copyright locks to enforce business-model decisions against consumers. " +"Recall that these locks have become the go-to means for shaping consumer " +"behavior, making it technically impossible to use third-party ink, insulin, " +"apps, or service depots in connection with your lawfully acquired property." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1674 msgid "" "Recall also that these copyright locks are backstopped by legislation (such " "as Section 1201 of the DMCA or Article 6 of the 2001 EU Copyright Directive) " @@ -2179,30 +1980,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1682 msgid "" -"This amounts to a manufacturer’s veto over safety warnings and " -"criticism. While this is far from the legislative intent of the DMCA and its " -"sister statutes around the world, Congress has not intervened to clarify the " +"This amounts to a manufacturer’s veto over safety warnings and criticism. " +"While this is far from the legislative intent of the DMCA and its sister " +"statutes around the world, Congress has not intervened to clarify the " "statute nor will it because to do so would run counter to the interests of " "powerful, large firms whose lobbying muscle is unstoppable." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1690 msgid "" "Copyright locks are a double whammy: They create bad security decisions that " "can’t be freely investigated or discussed. If markets are supposed to be " "machines for aggregating information (and if surveillance capitalism’s " -"notional mind-control rays are what make it a <quote>rogue " -"capitalism</quote> because it denies consumers the power to make decisions), " -"then a program of legally enforced ignorance of the risks of products makes " +"notional mind-control rays are what make it a <quote>rogue capitalism</" +"quote> because it denies consumers the power to make decisions), then a " +"program of legally enforced ignorance of the risks of products makes " "monopolism even more of a <quote>rogue capitalism</quote> than surveillance " "capitalism’s influence campaigns." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1700 msgid "" "And unlike mind-control rays, enforced silence over security is an " "immediate, documented problem, and it <emphasis>does</emphasis> constitute " @@ -2214,7 +2012,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1709 msgid "" "In software design, <quote>technology debt</quote> refers to old, baked-in " "decisions that turn out to be bad ones in hindsight. Perhaps a long-ago " @@ -2233,20 +2030,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1727 msgid "" "Typically, technology debt results in a technological bankruptcy: The " -"product gets so brittle and unsustainable that it fails " -"catastrophically. Think of the antiquated COBOL-based banking and accounting " -"systems that fell over at the start of the pandemic emergency when " -"confronted with surges of unemployment claims. Sometimes that ends the " -"product; sometimes it takes the company down with it. Being caught in the " -"default of a technology debt is scary and traumatic, just like losing your " -"house due to bankruptcy is scary and traumatic." +"product gets so brittle and unsustainable that it fails catastrophically. " +"Think of the antiquated COBOL-based banking and accounting systems that fell " +"over at the start of the pandemic emergency when confronted with surges of " +"unemployment claims. Sometimes that ends the product; sometimes it takes " +"the company down with it. Being caught in the default of a technology debt " +"is scary and traumatic, just like losing your house due to bankruptcy is " +"scary and traumatic." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1738 msgid "" "But the technology debt created by copyright locks isn’t individual debt; " "it’s systemic. Everyone in the world is exposed to this over-leverage, as " @@ -2259,40 +2054,36 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1750 msgid "Privacy and monopoly" msgstr "Prywatność a monopol" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1752 msgid "" "Many tech companies are gripped by an orthodoxy that holds that if they just " "gather enough data on enough of our activities, everything else is possible " "— the mind control and endless profits. This is an unfalsifiable hypothesis: " "If data gives a tech company even a tiny improvement in behavior prediction " "and modification, the company declares that it has taken the first step " -"toward global domination with no end in sight. If a company " -"<emphasis>fails</emphasis> to attain any improvements from gathering and " -"analyzing data, it declares success to be just around the corner, attainable " -"once more data is in hand." +"toward global domination with no end in sight. If a company <emphasis>fails</" +"emphasis> to attain any improvements from gathering and analyzing data, it " +"declares success to be just around the corner, attainable once more data is " +"in hand." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1764 msgid "" "Surveillance tech is far from the first industry to embrace a nonsensical, " "self-serving belief that harms the rest of the world, and it is not the " -"first industry to profit handsomely from such a delusion. Long before " -"hedge-fund managers were claiming (falsely) that they could beat the " -"S&P 500, there were plenty of other <quote>respectable</quote> " -"industries that have been revealed as quacks in hindsight. From the makers " -"of radium suppositories (a real thing!) to the cruel sociopaths who claimed " -"they could <quote>cure</quote> gay people, history is littered with the " -"formerly respectable titans of discredited industries." +"first industry to profit handsomely from such a delusion. Long before hedge-" +"fund managers were claiming (falsely) that they could beat the S&P 500, " +"there were plenty of other <quote>respectable</quote> industries that have " +"been revealed as quacks in hindsight. From the makers of radium " +"suppositories (a real thing!) to the cruel sociopaths who claimed they " +"could <quote>cure</quote> gay people, history is littered with the formerly " +"respectable titans of discredited industries." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1776 msgid "" "This is not to say that there’s nothing wrong with Big Tech and its " "ideological addiction to data. While surveillance’s benefits are mostly " @@ -2300,7 +2091,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1782 msgid "" "There’s real irony here. The belief in surveillance capitalism as a " "<quote>rogue capitalism</quote> is driven by the belief that markets " @@ -2310,7 +2100,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1789 msgid "" "But monopolists get to do terrible things for a long time before they pay " "the price. Think of how concentration in the finance sector allowed the " @@ -2327,18 +2116,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1804 msgid "" "Big Tech is able to practice surveillance not just because it is tech but " "because it is <emphasis>big</emphasis>. The reason every web publisher " "embeds a Facebook <quote>Like</quote> button is that Facebook dominates the " -"internet’s social media referrals — and every one of those " -"<quote>Like</quote> buttons spies on everyone who lands on a page that " -"contains them (see also: Google Analytics embeds, Twitter buttons, etc.)." +"internet’s social media referrals — and every one of those <quote>Like</" +"quote> buttons spies on everyone who lands on a page that contains them (see " +"also: Google Analytics embeds, Twitter buttons, etc.)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1813 msgid "" "The reason the world’s governments have been slow to create meaningful " "penalties for privacy breaches is that Big Tech’s concentration produces " @@ -2348,14 +2135,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1821 msgid "" "The reason that the smartest engineers in the world want to work for Big " "Tech is that Big Tech commands the lion’s share of tech industry jobs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1826 msgid "" "The reason people who are aghast at Facebook’s and Google’s and Amazon’s " "data-handling practices continue to use these services is that all their " @@ -2364,7 +2149,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1832 msgid "" "Competitive markets would weaken the companies’ lobbying muscle by reducing " "their profits and pitting them against each other in regulatory forums. It " @@ -2377,19 +2161,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1843 msgid "" "In other words, while surveillance doesn’t cause monopolies, monopolies " "certainly abet surveillance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1847 msgid "Ronald Reagan, pioneer of tech monopolism" msgstr "Ronald Reagan, pionier monopolizmu technologicznego" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1849 msgid "" "Technology exceptionalism is a sin, whether it’s practiced by technology’s " "blind proponents or by its critics. Both of these camps are prone to " @@ -2403,7 +2184,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1861 msgid "" "To understand how tech became so monopolistic, it’s useful to look at the " "dawn of the consumer tech industry: 1979, the year the Apple II Plus " @@ -2417,7 +2197,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1873 msgid "" "Antitrust’s story began nearly a century before all that with laws like the " "Sherman Act, which took aim at monopolists on the grounds that monopolies " @@ -2429,7 +2208,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1882 msgid "" "Then came a fabulist named Robert Bork, a former solicitor general who " "Reagan appointed to the powerful U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit " @@ -2442,7 +2220,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1892 msgid "" "Bork was a crank, but he was a crank with a theory that rich people really " "liked. Monopolies are a great way to make rich people richer by allowing " @@ -2453,7 +2230,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1900 msgid "" "Bork’s theories were especially palatable to the same power brokers who " "backed Reagan, and Reagan’s Department of Justice and other agencies began " @@ -2465,7 +2241,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1909 msgid "" "Little by little, Bork’s theories entered the mainstream, and their backers " "began to infiltrate the legal education field, even putting on junkets where " @@ -2477,7 +2252,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1919 msgid "" "The history of Bork’s antitrust theories is a really good example of the " "kind of covertly engineered shifts in public opinion that Zuboff warns us " @@ -2491,7 +2265,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1931 msgid "" "Today, many fear that machine learning allows surveillance capitalism to " "sell <quote>Bork-as-a-Service,</quote> at internet speeds, so that you can " @@ -2506,38 +2279,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1944 msgid "" "The idea that tech forms <quote>natural monopolies</quote> (monopolies that " "are the inevitable result of the realities of an industry, such as the " "monopolies that accrue the first company to run long-haul phone lines or " -"rail lines) is belied by tech’s own history: In the absence of " -"anti-competitive tactics, Google was able to unseat AltaVista and Yahoo; " -"Facebook was able to head off Myspace. There are some advantages to " -"gathering mountains of data, but those mountains of data also have " -"disadvantages: liability (from leaking), diminishing returns (from old " -"data), and institutional inertia (big companies, like science, progress one " -"funeral at a time)." +"rail lines) is belied by tech’s own history: In the absence of anti-" +"competitive tactics, Google was able to unseat AltaVista and Yahoo; Facebook " +"was able to head off Myspace. There are some advantages to gathering " +"mountains of data, but those mountains of data also have disadvantages: " +"liability (from leaking), diminishing returns (from old data), and " +"institutional inertia (big companies, like science, progress one funeral at " +"a time)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1956 msgid "" "Indeed, the birth of the web saw a mass-extinction event for the existing " "giant, wildly profitable proprietary technologies that had capital, network " "effects, and walls and moats surrounding their businesses. The web showed " "that when a new industry is built around a protocol, rather than a product, " "the combined might of everyone who uses the protocol to reach their " -"customers or users or communities outweighs even the most massive " -"products. CompuServe, AOL, MSN, and a host of other proprietary walled " -"gardens learned this lesson the hard way: Each believed it could stay " -"separate from the web, offering <quote>curation</quote> and a guarantee of " -"consistency and quality instead of the chaos of an open system. Each was " -"wrong and ended up being absorbed into the public web." +"customers or users or communities outweighs even the most massive products. " +"CompuServe, AOL, MSN, and a host of other proprietary walled gardens learned " +"this lesson the hard way: Each believed it could stay separate from the web, " +"offering <quote>curation</quote> and a guarantee of consistency and quality " +"instead of the chaos of an open system. Each was wrong and ended up being " +"absorbed into the public web." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1970 msgid "" "Yes, tech is heavily monopolized and is now closely associated with industry " "concentration, but this has more to do with a matter of timing than its " @@ -2551,7 +2321,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1982 msgid "" "In support of this thesis, I offer the concentration that every " "<emphasis>other</emphasis> industry has undergone over the same period. From " @@ -2568,7 +2337,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1997 msgid "" "Again: When you change the laws intended to prevent monopolies and then " "monopolies form in exactly the way the law was supposed to prevent, it is " @@ -2583,12 +2351,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2009 msgid "Steering with the windshield wipers" msgstr "Sterowanie za pomocą wycieraczek przedniej szyby" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2011 msgid "" "It’s been 40 years since Bork’s project to rehabilitate monopolies achieved " "liftoff, and that is a generation and a half, which is plenty of time to " @@ -2600,7 +2366,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2021 msgid "" "After 40 years of studiously ignoring antitrust analysis and enforcement, " "it’s not surprising that we’ve all but forgotten that antitrust exists, that " @@ -2610,7 +2375,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2029 msgid "" "Antitrust is a market society’s steering wheel, the control of first resort " "to keep would-be masters of the universe in their lanes. But Bork and his " @@ -2623,7 +2387,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2039 msgid "" "It’s like a 1960s science-fiction plot come to life: People stuck in a " "<quote>generation ship,</quote> plying its way across the stars, a ship once " @@ -2635,12 +2398,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2049 msgid "Surveillance still matters" msgstr "Systemy nadzoru mają ciągle znaczenie" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2051 msgid "" "None of this is to minimize the problems with surveillance. Surveillance " "matters, and Big Tech’s use of surveillance <emphasis>is</emphasis> an " @@ -2649,7 +2410,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2058 msgid "" "Surveillance has become <emphasis>much</emphasis> more efficient thanks to " "Big Tech. In 1989, the Stasi — the East German secret police — had the whole " @@ -2658,7 +2418,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2065 msgid "" "Today, we know that the NSA is spying on a significant fraction of the " "entire world’s population, and its ratio of surveillance operatives to the " @@ -2669,7 +2428,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2074 msgid "" "How did the ratio of surveillable citizens expand from 1:60 to 1:10,000 in " "less than 30 years? It’s thanks to Big Tech. Our devices and services gather " @@ -2677,21 +2435,21 @@ msgid "" "these devices and the services they connect to, and then we painstakingly " "perform the data-entry tasks associated with logging facts about our lives, " "opinions, and preferences. This mass surveillance project has been largely " -"useless for fighting terrorism: The NSA can <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/nsa-cites-case-as-success-of-phone-data-collection-program/2013/08/08/fc915e5a-feda-11e2-96a8-d3b921c0924a_story.html\">only " -"point to a single minor success story</ulink> in which it used its data " -"collection program to foil an attempt by a U.S. resident to wire a few " -"thousand dollars to an overseas terror group. It’s ineffective for much the " -"same reason that commercial surveillance projects are largely ineffective at " -"targeting advertising: The people who want to commit acts of terror, like " -"people who want to buy a refrigerator, are extremely rare. If you’re trying " -"to detect a phenomenon whose base rate is one in a million with an " -"instrument whose accuracy is only 99%, then every true positive will come at " -"the cost of 9,999 false positives." +"useless for fighting terrorism: The NSA can <ulink url=\"https://www." +"washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/nsa-cites-case-as-success-of-" +"phone-data-collection-program/2013/08/08/fc915e5a-feda-11e2-96a8-" +"d3b921c0924a_story.html\">only point to a single minor success story</ulink> " +"in which it used its data collection program to foil an attempt by a U.S. " +"resident to wire a few thousand dollars to an overseas terror group. It’s " +"ineffective for much the same reason that commercial surveillance projects " +"are largely ineffective at targeting advertising: The people who want to " +"commit acts of terror, like people who want to buy a refrigerator, are " +"extremely rare. If you’re trying to detect a phenomenon whose base rate is " +"one in a million with an instrument whose accuracy is only 99%, then every " +"true positive will come at the cost of 9,999 false positives." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2095 msgid "" "Let me explain that again: If one in a million people is a terrorist, then " "there will only be about one terrorist in a random sample of one million " @@ -2701,7 +2459,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2103 msgid "" "In reality, the accuracy of algorithmic terrorism detection falls far short " "of the 99% mark, as does refrigerator ad targeting. The difference is that " @@ -2711,7 +2468,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2110 msgid "" "Mass state surveillance is only feasible because of surveillance capitalism " "and its extremely low-yield ad-targeting systems, which require a constant " @@ -2722,7 +2478,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2118 msgid "" "State surveillance is no mere parasite on Big Tech, sucking up its data and " "giving nothing in return. In truth, the two are symbiotes: Big Tech sucks up " @@ -2733,24 +2488,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2127 msgid "" "To see this at work today, look no further than Amazon’s home surveillance " "device, the Ring doorbell, and its associated app, Neighbors. Ring — a " -"product that Amazon acquired and did not develop in house — makes a " -"camera-enabled doorbell that streams footage from your front door to your " -"mobile device. The Neighbors app allows you to form a neighborhood-wide " +"product that Amazon acquired and did not develop in house — makes a camera-" +"enabled doorbell that streams footage from your front door to your mobile " +"device. The Neighbors app allows you to form a neighborhood-wide " "surveillance grid with your fellow Ring owners through which you can share " "clips of <quote>suspicious characters.</quote> If you’re thinking that this " "sounds like a recipe for letting curtain-twitching racists supercharge their " -"suspicions of people with brown skin who walk down their blocks, <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/07/amazons-ring-enables-over-policing-efforts-some-americas-deadliest-law-enforcement\">you’re " -"right</ulink>. Ring has become a <emphasis>de facto,</emphasis> " -"off-the-books arm of the police without any of the pesky oversight or rules." +"suspicions of people with brown skin who walk down their blocks, <ulink url=" +"\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/07/amazons-ring-enables-over-policing-" +"efforts-some-americas-deadliest-law-enforcement\">you’re right</ulink>. Ring " +"has become a <emphasis>de facto,</emphasis> off-the-books arm of the police " +"without any of the pesky oversight or rules." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2143 msgid "" "In mid-2019, a series of public records requests revealed that Amazon had " "struck confidential deals with more than 400 local law enforcement agencies " @@ -2764,7 +2518,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2155 msgid "" "Ring and law enforcement have found many ways to intertwine their " "activities. Ring strikes secret deals to acquire real-time access to 911 " @@ -2774,7 +2527,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2163 msgid "" "The more the cops buzz-market the surveillance capitalist Ring, the more " "surveillance capability the state gets. Cops who rely on private entities " @@ -2787,12 +2539,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2174 msgid "Dignity and sanctuary" msgstr "Godność i sanktuarium" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2176 msgid "" "But even if we could exercise democratic control over our states and force " "them to stop raiding surveillance capitalism’s reservoirs of behavioral " @@ -2800,7 +2550,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2181 msgid "" "This is an area where Zuboff shines. Her chapter on <quote>sanctuary</quote> " "— the feeling of being unobserved — is a beautiful hymn to introspection, " @@ -2808,7 +2557,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2186 msgid "" "When you are watched, something changes. Anyone who has ever raised a child " "knows this. You might look up from your book (or more realistically, from " @@ -2821,12 +2569,10 @@ msgid "" "your authentic self, and in that moment, you are vulnerable like a hermit " "crab scuttling from one shell to the next. The tender, unprotected tissues " "you expose in that moment are too delicate to reveal in the presence of " -"another, even someone you trust as implicitly as a child trusts their " -"parent." +"another, even someone you trust as implicitly as a child trusts their parent." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2202 msgid "" "In the digital age, our authentic selves are inextricably tied to our " "digital lives. Your search history is a running ledger of the questions " @@ -2836,14 +2582,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2210 msgid "" "To be observed in these activities is to lose the sanctuary of your " "authentic self." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2214 msgid "" "There’s another way in which surveillance capitalism robs us of our capacity " "to be our authentic selves: by making us anxious. Surveillance capitalism " @@ -2856,7 +2600,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2225 msgid "" "Our devices and services are <quote>general purpose</quote> in that they can " "connect anything or anyone to anything or anyone else and that they can run " @@ -2869,7 +2612,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2235 msgid "" "All day and all night, our pockets buzz, shattering our concentration and " "tearing apart the fragile webs of connection we spin as we think through " @@ -2880,12 +2622,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2244 msgid "Afflicting the afflicted" msgstr "Dręczenie udręczonych" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2246 msgid "" "The effects of surveillance on our ability to be our authentic selves are " "not equal for all people. Some of us are lucky enough to live in a time and " @@ -2895,7 +2635,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2253 msgid "" "But for many of us, this is not true. Recall that in living memory, many of " "the ways of being that we think of as socially acceptable today were once " @@ -2907,7 +2646,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2263 msgid "" "Today, these activities aren’t just decriminalized in much of the world, " "they’re considered normal, and the fallen prohibitions are viewed as " @@ -2915,7 +2653,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2268 msgid "" "How did we get from prohibition to normalization? Through private, personal " "activity: People who were secretly gay or secret pot-smokers or who secretly " @@ -2930,7 +2667,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2281 msgid "" "The right to choose the time and manner of these conversations was key to " "their success. It’s one thing to come out to your dad while you’re on a " @@ -2940,7 +2676,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2288 msgid "" "Without a private sphere, there’s a chance that none of these changes would " "have come to pass and that the people who benefited from these changes would " @@ -2949,7 +2684,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2295 msgid "" "The corollary is that, unless you think that our society has attained social " "perfection — that your grandchildren in 50 years will ask you to tell them " @@ -2963,18 +2697,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2307 msgid "A private realm is necessary for human progress." msgstr "Prywatna rzeczywistość jest konieczna dla rozwoju ludzkości." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2310 msgid "Any data you collect and retain will eventually leak" msgstr "" "Jakiekolwiek dane, które zbierasz i przetwarzasz, kiedyś w końcu wyciekną" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2312 msgid "" "The lack of a private life can rob vulnerable people of the chance to be " "their authentic selves and constrain our actions by depriving us of " @@ -2983,7 +2714,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2318 msgid "" "Personally identifying information is of very limited use for the purpose of " "controlling peoples’ minds, but identity theft — really a catchall term for " @@ -2993,36 +2723,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2326 msgid "" -"Attackers are not limited to using data from one breached source, " -"either. Multiple services have suffered breaches that exposed names, " -"addresses, phone numbers, passwords, sexual tastes, school grades, work " -"performance, brushes with the criminal justice system, family details, " -"genetic information, fingerprints and other biometrics, reading habits, " -"search histories, literary tastes, pseudonymous identities, and other " -"sensitive information. Attackers can merge data from these different " -"breaches to build up extremely detailed dossiers on random subjects and then " -"use different parts of the data for different criminal purposes." +"Attackers are not limited to using data from one breached source, either. " +"Multiple services have suffered breaches that exposed names, addresses, " +"phone numbers, passwords, sexual tastes, school grades, work performance, " +"brushes with the criminal justice system, family details, genetic " +"information, fingerprints and other biometrics, reading habits, search " +"histories, literary tastes, pseudonymous identities, and other sensitive " +"information. Attackers can merge data from these different breaches to build " +"up extremely detailed dossiers on random subjects and then use different " +"parts of the data for different criminal purposes." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2338 msgid "" "For example, attackers can use leaked username and password combinations to " -"hijack whole fleets of commercial vehicles that <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/zmpx4x/hacker-monitor-cars-kill-engine-gps-tracking-apps\">have " -"been fitted with anti-theft GPS trackers and immobilizers</ulink> or to " -"hijack baby monitors in order to <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/04/23/how-nest-designed-keep-intruders-out-peoples-homes-effectively-allowed-hackers-get/?utm_term=.15220e98c550\">terrorize " -"toddlers with the audio tracks from pornography</ulink>. Attackers use " -"leaked data to trick phone companies into giving them your phone number, " -"then they intercept SMS-based two-factor authentication codes in order to " -"take over your email, bank account, and/or cryptocurrency wallets." +"hijack whole fleets of commercial vehicles that <ulink url=\"https://www." +"vice.com/en_us/article/zmpx4x/hacker-monitor-cars-kill-engine-gps-tracking-" +"apps\">have been fitted with anti-theft GPS trackers and immobilizers</" +"ulink> or to hijack baby monitors in order to <ulink url=\"https://www." +"washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/04/23/how-nest-designed-keep-intruders-" +"out-peoples-homes-effectively-allowed-hackers-get/?" +"utm_term=.15220e98c550\">terrorize toddlers with the audio tracks from " +"pornography</ulink>. Attackers use leaked data to trick phone companies into " +"giving them your phone number, then they intercept SMS-based two-factor " +"authentication codes in order to take over your email, bank account, and/or " +"cryptocurrency wallets." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2351 msgid "" "Attackers are endlessly inventive in the pursuit of creative ways to " "weaponize leaked data. One common use of leaked data is to penetrate " @@ -3030,18 +2759,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2356 msgid "" -"Like spies, online fraudsters are totally dependent on companies " -"over-collecting and over-retaining our data. Spy agencies sometimes pay " -"companies for access to their data or intimidate them into giving it up, but " -"sometimes they work just like criminals do — by <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-24751821\">sneaking data out " -"of companies’ databases</ulink>." +"Like spies, online fraudsters are totally dependent on companies over-" +"collecting and over-retaining our data. Spy agencies sometimes pay companies " +"for access to their data or intimidate them into giving it up, but sometimes " +"they work just like criminals do — by <ulink url=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/" +"world-us-canada-24751821\">sneaking data out of companies’ databases</ulink>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2364 msgid "" "The over-collection of data has a host of terrible social consequences, from " "the erosion of our authentic selves to the undermining of social progress, " @@ -3051,30 +2777,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2372 msgid "Critical tech exceptionalism is still tech exceptionalism" msgstr "" "Przełomowa wyjątkowość technologiczna jest nadal technologiczną wyjątkowością" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2375 msgid "" "Big Tech has long practiced technology exceptionalism: the idea that it " -"should not be subject to the mundane laws and norms of " -"<quote>meatspace.</quote> Mottoes like Facebook’s <quote>move fast and break " -"things</quote> attracted justifiable scorn of the companies’ self-serving " -"rhetoric." +"should not be subject to the mundane laws and norms of <quote>meatspace.</" +"quote> Mottoes like Facebook’s <quote>move fast and break things</quote> " +"attracted justifiable scorn of the companies’ self-serving rhetoric." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2381 msgid "" "Tech exceptionalism got us all into a lot of trouble, so it’s ironic and " "distressing to see Big Tech’s critics committing the same sin." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2385 msgid "" "Big Tech is not a <quote>rogue capitalism</quote> that cannot be cured " "through the traditional anti-monopoly remedies of trustbusting (forcing " @@ -3087,7 +2808,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2395 msgid "" "The thing is, people have been claiming to have perfected mind-control rays " "for centuries, and every time, it turned out to be a con — though sometimes " @@ -3095,7 +2815,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2401 msgid "" "For generations, the advertising industry has been steadily improving its " "ability to sell advertising services to businesses while only making " @@ -3107,12 +2826,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2411 msgid "" "The tech industry has made enormous improvements in the science of " "convincing businesses that they’re good at advertising while their actual " -"improvements to advertising — as opposed to targeting — have been pretty " -"ho-hum. The vogue for machine learning — and the mystical invocation of " +"improvements to advertising — as opposed to targeting — have been pretty ho-" +"hum. The vogue for machine learning — and the mystical invocation of " "<quote>artificial intelligence</quote> as a synonym for straightforward " "statistical inference techniques — has greatly boosted the efficacy of Big " "Tech’s sales pitch as marketers have exploited potential customers’ lack of " @@ -3121,7 +2839,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2423 msgid "" "It’s tempting to think that if businesses are willing to pour billions into " "a venture that the venture must be a good one. Yet there are plenty of times " @@ -3137,37 +2854,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2437 msgid "" "The claims of Big Tech’s mind-control system are full of tells that the " -"enterprise is a con. For example, <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01415/full\">the " -"reliance on the <quote>Big Five</quote> personality traits</ulink> as a " -"primary means of influencing people even though the <quote>Big Five</quote> " -"theory is unsupported by any large-scale, peer-reviewed studies and is " -"<ulink " -"url=\"https://www.wired.com/story/the-noisy-fallacies-of-psychographic-targeting/\">mostly " -"the realm of marketing hucksters and pop psych</ulink>." +"enterprise is a con. For example, <ulink url=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/" +"articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01415/full\">the reliance on the <quote>Big " +"Five</quote> personality traits</ulink> as a primary means of influencing " +"people even though the <quote>Big Five</quote> theory is unsupported by any " +"large-scale, peer-reviewed studies and is <ulink url=\"https://www.wired.com/" +"story/the-noisy-fallacies-of-psychographic-targeting/\">mostly the realm of " +"marketing hucksters and pop psych</ulink>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2447 msgid "" "Big Tech’s promotional materials also claim that their algorithms can " "accurately perform <quote>sentiment analysis</quote> or detect peoples’ " -"moods based on their <quote>microexpressions,</quote> but <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/12/647040758/advertising-on-facebook-is-it-worth-it\">these " -"are marketing claims, not scientific ones</ulink>. These methods are largely " -"untested by independent scientific experts, and where they have been tested, " -"they’ve been found sorely wanting. Microexpressions are particularly " -"suspect as the companies that specialize in training people to detect them " -"<ulink " -"url=\"https://theintercept.com/2017/02/08/tsas-own-files-show-doubtful-science-behind-its-behavior-screening-program/\">have " +"moods based on their <quote>microexpressions,</quote> but <ulink url=" +"\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/12/647040758/advertising-on-facebook-is-it-" +"worth-it\">these are marketing claims, not scientific ones</ulink>. These " +"methods are largely untested by independent scientific experts, and where " +"they have been tested, they’ve been found sorely wanting. Microexpressions " +"are particularly suspect as the companies that specialize in training people " +"to detect them <ulink url=\"https://theintercept.com/2017/02/08/tsas-own-" +"files-show-doubtful-science-behind-its-behavior-screening-program/\">have " "been shown</ulink> to underperform relative to random chance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2460 msgid "" "Big Tech has been so good at marketing its own supposed superpowers that " "it’s easy to believe that they can market everything else with similar " @@ -3181,20 +2894,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2472 msgid "" "That skepticism should infuse all of our evaluations of Big Tech and its " "supposed abilities, including our perusal of its patents. Zuboff vests these " "patents with enormous significance, pointing out that Google claimed " -"extensive new persuasion capabilities in <ulink " -"url=\"https://patents.google.com/patent/US20050131762A1/en\">its patent " -"filings</ulink>. These claims are doubly suspect: first, because they are so " -"self-serving, and second, because the patent itself is so notoriously an " -"invitation to exaggeration." +"extensive new persuasion capabilities in <ulink url=\"https://patents.google." +"com/patent/US20050131762A1/en\">its patent filings</ulink>. These claims are " +"doubly suspect: first, because they are so self-serving, and second, because " +"the patent itself is so notoriously an invitation to exaggeration." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2482 msgid "" "Patent applications take the form of a series of claims and range from broad " "to narrow. A typical patent starts out by claiming that its authors have " @@ -3211,16 +2921,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2497 msgid "" "What’s more, software patents are routinely granted even though the filer " -"doesn’t have any evidence that they can do the thing claimed by the " -"patent. That is, you can patent an <quote>invention</quote> that you haven’t " +"doesn’t have any evidence that they can do the thing claimed by the patent. " +"That is, you can patent an <quote>invention</quote> that you haven’t " "actually made and that you don’t know how to make." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2503 msgid "" "With these considerations in hand, it becomes obvious that the fact that a " "Big Tech company has patented what it <emphasis>says</emphasis> is an " @@ -3229,7 +2937,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2510 msgid "" "Big Tech collects our data for many reasons, including the diminishing " "returns on existing stores of data. But many tech companies also collect " @@ -3241,7 +2948,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2520 msgid "" "Data mined for predictive systems doesn’t necessarily produce these " "dividends. Think of Netflix: The predictive value of the data mined from a " @@ -3254,7 +2960,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2531 msgid "" "Businesses pursue fads to the detriment of their profits all the time, " "especially when the businesses and their investors are not motivated by the " @@ -3266,7 +2971,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2540 msgid "" "This is another harm of tech exceptionalism: The belief that more data " "always produces more profits in the form of more insights that can be " @@ -3282,7 +2986,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2554 msgid "" "How monopolies, not mind control, drive surveillance capitalism: The " "Snapchat story" @@ -3291,7 +2994,6 @@ msgstr "" "systemach nadzoru: historia Snapchat" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2557 msgid "" "For the first decade of its existence, Facebook competed with the social " "media giants of the day (Myspace, Orkut, etc.) by presenting itself as the " @@ -3303,104 +3005,92 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2567 msgid "" "Despite frequent promises that it would never collect or analyze its users’ " "data, Facebook periodically created initiatives that did just that, like the " "creepy, ham-fisted Beacon tool, which spied on you as you moved around the " "web and then added your online activities to your public timeline, allowing " -"your friends to monitor your browsing habits. Beacon sparked a user " -"revolt. Every time, Facebook backed off from its surveillance initiative, " -"but not all the way; inevitably, the new Facebook would be more surveilling " -"than the old Facebook, though not quite as surveilling as the intermediate " -"Facebook following the launch of the new product or service." +"your friends to monitor your browsing habits. Beacon sparked a user revolt. " +"Every time, Facebook backed off from its surveillance initiative, but not " +"all the way; inevitably, the new Facebook would be more surveilling than the " +"old Facebook, though not quite as surveilling as the intermediate Facebook " +"following the launch of the new product or service." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2579 msgid "" "The pace at which Facebook ramped up its surveillance efforts seems to have " "been set by Facebook’s competitive landscape. The more competitors Facebook " "had, the better it behaved. Every time a major competitor foundered, " -"Facebook’s behavior <ulink " -"url=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3247362\">got " -"markedly worse</ulink>." +"Facebook’s behavior <ulink url=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?" +"abstract_id=3247362\">got markedly worse</ulink>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2587 msgid "" "All the while, Facebook was prodigiously acquiring companies, including a " -"company called Onavo. Nominally, Onavo made a battery-monitoring mobile " -"app. But the permissions that Onavo required were so expansive that the app " -"was able to gather fine-grained telemetry on everything users did with their " +"company called Onavo. Nominally, Onavo made a battery-monitoring mobile app. " +"But the permissions that Onavo required were so expansive that the app was " +"able to gather fine-grained telemetry on everything users did with their " "phones, including which apps they used and how they were using them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2595 msgid "" "Through Onavo, Facebook discovered that it was losing market share to " "Snapchat, an app that — like Facebook a decade before — billed itself as the " "pro-privacy alternative to the status quo. Through Onavo, Facebook was able " "to mine data from the devices of Snapchat users, including both current and " "former Snapchat users. This spurred Facebook to acquire Instagram — some " -"features of which competed with Snapchat — and then allowed Facebook to " -"fine-tune Instagram’s features and sales pitch to erode Snapchat’s gains and " +"features of which competed with Snapchat — and then allowed Facebook to fine-" +"tune Instagram’s features and sales pitch to erode Snapchat’s gains and " "ensure that Facebook would not have to face the kinds of competitive " "pressures it had earlier inflicted on Myspace and Orkut." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2607 msgid "" "The story of how Facebook crushed Snapchat reveals the relationship between " "monopoly and surveillance capitalism. Facebook combined surveillance with " "lax antitrust enforcement to spot the competitive threat of Snapchat on its " "horizon and then take decisive action against it. Facebook’s surveillance " -"capitalism let it avert competitive pressure with anti-competitive " -"tactics. Facebook users still want privacy — Facebook hasn’t used " -"surveillance to brainwash them out of it — but they can’t get it because " -"Facebook’s surveillance lets it destroy any hope of a rival service emerging " -"that competes on privacy features." +"capitalism let it avert competitive pressure with anti-competitive tactics. " +"Facebook users still want privacy — Facebook hasn’t used surveillance to " +"brainwash them out of it — but they can’t get it because Facebook’s " +"surveillance lets it destroy any hope of a rival service emerging that " +"competes on privacy features." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2619 msgid "A monopoly over your friends" msgstr "Monopol sprawowany nad twoimi przyjaciółmi" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2621 msgid "" "A decentralization movement has tried to erode the dominance of Facebook and " "other Big Tech companies by fielding <quote>indieweb</quote> alternatives — " -"Mastodon as a Twitter alternative, Diaspora as a Facebook alternative, " -"etc. — but these efforts have failed to attain any kind of liftoff." +"Mastodon as a Twitter alternative, Diaspora as a Facebook alternative, etc. " +"— but these efforts have failed to attain any kind of liftoff." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2628 msgid "" "Fundamentally, each of these services is hamstrung by the same problem: " "Every potential user for a Facebook or Twitter alternative has to convince " "all their friends to follow them to a decentralized web alternative in order " "to continue to realize the benefit of social media. For many of us, the only " "reason to have a Facebook account is that our friends have Facebook " -"accounts, and the reason they have Facebook accounts is that " -"<emphasis>we</emphasis> have Facebook accounts." +"accounts, and the reason they have Facebook accounts is that <emphasis>we</" +"emphasis> have Facebook accounts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2638 msgid "" "All of this has conspired to make Facebook — and other dominant platforms — " -"into <quote>kill zones</quote> that investors will not fund new entrants " -"for." +"into <quote>kill zones</quote> that investors will not fund new entrants for." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2643 msgid "" "And yet, all of today’s tech giants came into existence despite the " "entrenched advantage of the companies that came before them. To understand " @@ -3409,12 +3099,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2650 msgid "The hard problem of our species is coordination." msgstr "Trudnym problemem naszego gatunku jest koordynacja." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2654 msgid "" "<quote>Interoperability</quote> is the ability of two technologies to work " "with one another: Anyone can make an LP that will play on any record player, " @@ -3426,24 +3114,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2663 msgid "" "Interoperability is often a source of innovation and consumer benefit: Apple " "made the first commercially successful PC, but millions of independent " -"software vendors made interoperable programs that ran on the Apple II " -"Plus. The simple analog antenna inputs on the back of TVs first allowed " -"cable operators to connect directly to TVs, then they allowed game console " +"software vendors made interoperable programs that ran on the Apple II Plus. " +"The simple analog antenna inputs on the back of TVs first allowed cable " +"operators to connect directly to TVs, then they allowed game console " "companies and then personal computer companies to use standard televisions " "as displays. Standard RJ-11 telephone jacks allowed for the production of " "phones from a variety of vendors in a variety of forms, from the free " -"football-shaped phone that came with a <emphasis>Sports " -"Illustrated</emphasis> subscription to business phones with speakers, hold " -"functions, and so on and then answering machines and finally modems, paving " -"the way for the internet revolution." +"football-shaped phone that came with a <emphasis>Sports Illustrated</" +"emphasis> subscription to business phones with speakers, hold functions, and " +"so on and then answering machines and finally modems, paving the way for the " +"internet revolution." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2678 msgid "" "<quote>Interoperability</quote> is often used interchangeably with " "<quote>standardization,</quote> which is the process when manufacturers and " @@ -3454,7 +3140,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2686 msgid "" "But interoperability doesn’t require standardization — indeed, " "standardization often proceeds from the chaos of ad hoc interoperability " @@ -3463,12 +3148,11 @@ msgid "" "dashboard lighter subcomponent. The automakers didn’t take any " "countermeasures to prevent the use of these aftermarket accessories by their " "customers, but they also didn’t do anything to make life easier for the " -"chargers’ manufacturers. This is a kind of <quote>neutral " -"interoperability.</quote>" +"chargers’ manufacturers. This is a kind of <quote>neutral interoperability.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2697 msgid "" "Beyond neutral interoperability, there is <quote>adversarial " "interoperability.</quote> That’s when a manufacturer makes a product that " @@ -3478,11 +3162,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2705 msgid "" -"Probably the most familiar form of adversarial interoperability is " -"third-party printer ink. Printer manufacturers claim that they sell printers " -"below cost and that the only way they can recoup the losses they incur is by " +"Probably the most familiar form of adversarial interoperability is third-" +"party printer ink. Printer manufacturers claim that they sell printers below " +"cost and that the only way they can recoup the losses they incur is by " "charging high markups on ink. To prevent the owners of printers from buying " "ink elsewhere, the printer companies deploy a suite of anti-customer " "security systems that detect and reject both refilled and third-party " @@ -3490,7 +3173,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2714 msgid "" "Owners of printers take the position that HP and Epson and Brother are not " "charities and that customers for their wares have no obligation to help them " @@ -3505,7 +3187,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2727 msgid "" "Adversarial interoperability has played an outsized role in the history of " "the tech industry: from the founding of the <quote>alt.*</quote> Usenet " @@ -3516,12 +3197,11 @@ msgid "" "peccadilloes) to Facebook (whose success was built in part by helping its " "new users stay in touch with friends they’d left behind on Myspace because " "Facebook supplied them with a tool that scraped waiting messages from " -"Myspace and imported them into Facebook, effectively creating an " -"Facebook-based Myspace reader)." +"Myspace and imported them into Facebook, effectively creating an Facebook-" +"based Myspace reader)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2741 msgid "" "Today, incumbency is seen as an unassailable advantage. Facebook is where " "all of your friends are, so no one can start a Facebook competitor. But " @@ -3538,7 +3218,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2756 msgid "" "Adversarial interoperability was once the norm and a key contributor to the " "dynamic, vibrant tech scene, but now it is stuck behind a thicket of laws " @@ -3550,7 +3229,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2766 msgid "" "In the absence of a competitive market, lawmakers have resorted to assigning " "expensive, state-like duties to Big Tech firms, such as automatically " @@ -3560,7 +3238,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2774 msgid "" "These measures put a floor under how small we can make Big Tech because only " "the very largest companies can afford the humans and automated filters " @@ -3568,7 +3245,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2779 msgid "" "But that’s not the only way in which making platforms responsible for " "policing their users undermines competition. A platform that is expected to " @@ -3582,7 +3258,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2791 msgid "" "To the extent that we are willing to let Big Tech police itself — rather " "than making Big Tech small enough that users can leave bad platforms for " @@ -3590,32 +3265,27 @@ msgid "" "out of business will not destroy billions of users’ access to their " "communities and data — we build the case that Big Tech should be able to " "block its competitors and make it easier for Big Tech to demand legal " -"enforcement tools to ban and punish attempts at adversarial " -"interoperability." +"enforcement tools to ban and punish attempts at adversarial interoperability." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2801 msgid "" "Ultimately, we can try to fix Big Tech by making it responsible for bad acts " "by its users, or we can try to fix the internet by cutting Big Tech down to " "size. But we can’t do both. To replace today’s giant products with " "pluralistic protocols, we need to clear the legal thicket that prevents " -"adversarial interoperability so that tomorrow’s nimble, personal, " -"small-scale products can federate themselves with giants like Facebook, " -"allowing the users who’ve left to continue to communicate with users who " -"haven’t left yet, reaching tendrils over Facebook’s garden wall that " -"Facebook’s trapped users can use to scale the walls and escape to the " -"global, open web." +"adversarial interoperability so that tomorrow’s nimble, personal, small-" +"scale products can federate themselves with giants like Facebook, allowing " +"the users who’ve left to continue to communicate with users who haven’t left " +"yet, reaching tendrils over Facebook’s garden wall that Facebook’s trapped " +"users can use to scale the walls and escape to the global, open web." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2813 msgid "Fake news is an epistemological crisis" msgstr "Fałszywe wiadomości to oznaka kryzysu epistemologicznego" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2815 msgid "" "Tech is not the only industry that has undergone massive concentration since " "the Reagan era. Virtually every major industry — from oil to newspapers to " @@ -3624,7 +3294,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2822 msgid "" "At the same time, every industry has become something of a tech industry as " "general-purpose computers and general-purpose networks and the promise of " @@ -3633,7 +3302,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2828 msgid "" "This phenomenon of industrial concentration is part of a wider story about " "wealth concentration overall as a smaller and smaller number of people own " @@ -3643,19 +3311,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2836 msgid "" "That means that whenever a regulator asks a question with an obvious, " "empirical answer (<quote>Are humans causing climate change?</quote> or " "<quote>Should we let companies conduct commercial mass surveillance?</quote> " -"or <quote>Does society benefit from allowing network neutrality " -"violations?</quote>), the answer that comes out is only correct if that " -"correctness meets with the approval of rich people and the industries that " -"made them so wealthy." +"or <quote>Does society benefit from allowing network neutrality violations?</" +"quote>), the answer that comes out is only correct if that correctness meets " +"with the approval of rich people and the industries that made them so " +"wealthy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2845 msgid "" "Rich people have always played an outsized role in politics and more so " "since the Supreme Court’s <emphasis>Citizens United</emphasis> decision " @@ -3666,7 +3332,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2854 msgid "" "But the policy distortions of rich individuals pale in comparison to the " "policy distortions that concentrated industries are capable of. The " @@ -3677,17 +3342,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2863 msgid "" "Concentrated industries also find it easier to collaborate on policy " "objectives than competitive ones. When all the top execs from your industry " -"can fit around a single boardroom table, they often do. And " -"<emphasis>when</emphasis> they do, they can forge a consensus position on " -"regulation." +"can fit around a single boardroom table, they often do. And <emphasis>when</" +"emphasis> they do, they can forge a consensus position on regulation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2870 msgid "" "Rising through the ranks in a concentrated industry generally means working " "at two or three of the big companies. When there are only relatively few " @@ -3701,7 +3363,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2882 msgid "" "Highly concentrated industries also present a regulatory conundrum. When an " "industry is dominated by just four or five companies, the only people who " @@ -3714,7 +3375,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2893 msgid "" "All this is to say that the tight social bonds, small number of firms, and " "regulatory capture of concentrated industries give the companies that " @@ -3723,31 +3383,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2899 msgid "" -"This is increasingly obvious. Whether it’s payday lenders <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/02/25/how-payday-lending-industry-insider-tilted-academic-research-its-favor/\">winning " -"the right to practice predatory lending</ulink> or Apple <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/mgxayp/source-apple-will-fight-right-to-repair-legislation\">winning " -"the right to decide who can fix your phone</ulink> or Google and Facebook " -"winning the right to breach your private data without suffering meaningful " -"consequences or victories for pipeline companies or impunity for opioid " -"manufacturers or massive tax subsidies for incredibly profitable dominant " -"businesses, it’s increasingly apparent that many of our official, " +"This is increasingly obvious. Whether it’s payday lenders <ulink url=" +"\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/02/25/how-payday-lending-" +"industry-insider-tilted-academic-research-its-favor/\">winning the right to " +"practice predatory lending</ulink> or Apple <ulink url=\"https://www.vice." +"com/en_us/article/mgxayp/source-apple-will-fight-right-to-repair-legislation" +"\">winning the right to decide who can fix your phone</ulink> or Google and " +"Facebook winning the right to breach your private data without suffering " +"meaningful consequences or victories for pipeline companies or impunity for " +"opioid manufacturers or massive tax subsidies for incredibly profitable " +"dominant businesses, it’s increasingly apparent that many of our official, " "evidence-based truth-seeking processes are, in fact, auctions for sale to " "the highest bidder." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2913 msgid "" "It’s really impossible to overstate what a terrifying prospect this is. We " "live in an incredibly high-tech society, and none of us could acquire the " "expertise to evaluate every technological proposition that stands between us " "and our untimely, horrible deaths. You might devote your life to acquiring " -"the media literacy to distinguish good scientific journals from corrupt " -"pay-for-play lookalikes and the statistical literacy to evaluate the quality " -"of the analysis in the journals as well as the microbiology and epidemiology " +"the media literacy to distinguish good scientific journals from corrupt pay-" +"for-play lookalikes and the statistical literacy to evaluate the quality of " +"the analysis in the journals as well as the microbiology and epidemiology " "knowledge to determine whether you can trust claims about the safety of " "vaccines — but that would still leave you unqualified to judge whether the " "wiring in your home will give you a lethal shock <emphasis>and</emphasis> " @@ -3757,7 +3416,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2930 msgid "" "In a world as complex as this one, we have to defer to authorities, and we " "keep them honest by making those authorities accountable to us and binding " @@ -3768,12 +3426,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2939 msgid "Right now, it’s obviously not." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2942 msgid "" "The past 40 years of rising inequality and industry concentration, together " "with increasingly weak accountability and transparency for expert agencies, " @@ -3784,7 +3440,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2950 msgid "" "For example, it’s been decades since Exxon’s own scientists concluded that " "its products would render the Earth uninhabitable by humans. And yet those " @@ -3797,7 +3452,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2961 msgid "" "The collapse of the credibility of our systems for divining and upholding " "truths has left us in a state of epistemological chaos. Once, most of us " @@ -3808,7 +3462,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2970 msgid "" "If you’re like me, you probably believe that vaccines are safe, but you " "(like me) probably also can’t explain the microbiology or statistics. Few of " @@ -3819,14 +3472,13 @@ msgid "" "embraced by medical authorities, after all, and one is safe while the other " "could ruin your life. You’re left with a kind of inchoate constellation of " "rules of thumb about which experts you trust to fact-check controversial " -"claims and then to explain how all those respectable doctors with their " -"peer-reviewed research on opioid safety <emphasis>were</emphasis> an " -"aberration and then how you know that the doctors writing about vaccine " -"safety are <emphasis>not</emphasis> an aberration." +"claims and then to explain how all those respectable doctors with their peer-" +"reviewed research on opioid safety <emphasis>were</emphasis> an aberration " +"and then how you know that the doctors writing about vaccine safety are " +"<emphasis>not</emphasis> an aberration." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2987 msgid "" "I’m 100% certain that vaccinating is safe and effective, but I’m also at " "something of a loss to explain exactly, <emphasis>precisely,</emphasis> why " @@ -3836,28 +3488,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2995 msgid "" "Fake news — conspiracy theories, racist ideologies, scientific denialism — " "has always been with us. What’s changed today is not the mix of ideas in the " -"public discourse but the popularity of the worst ideas in that " -"mix. Conspiracy and denial have skyrocketed in lockstep with the growth of " -"Big Inequality, which has also tracked the rise of Big Tech and Big Pharma " -"and Big Wrestling and Big Car and Big Movie Theater and Big Everything Else." +"public discourse but the popularity of the worst ideas in that mix. " +"Conspiracy and denial have skyrocketed in lockstep with the growth of Big " +"Inequality, which has also tracked the rise of Big Tech and Big Pharma and " +"Big Wrestling and Big Car and Big Movie Theater and Big Everything Else." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3004 msgid "" "No one can say for certain why this has happened, but the two dominant camps " "are idealism (the belief that the people who argue for these conspiracies " -"have gotten better at explaining them, maybe with the help of " -"machine-learning tools) or materialism (the ideas have become more " -"attractive because of material conditions in the world)." +"have gotten better at explaining them, maybe with the help of machine-" +"learning tools) or materialism (the ideas have become more attractive " +"because of material conditions in the world)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3012 msgid "" "I’m a materialist. I’ve been exposed to the arguments of conspiracy " "theorists all my life, and I have not experienced any qualitative leap in " @@ -3865,7 +3514,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3017 msgid "" "The major difference is in the world, not the arguments. In a time where " "actual conspiracies are commonplace, conspiracy theories acquire a ring of " @@ -3873,29 +3521,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3022 msgid "" "We have always had disagreements about what’s true, but today, we have a " "disagreement over how we know whether something is true. This is an " "epistemological crisis, not a crisis over belief. It’s a crisis over the " "credibility of our truth-seeking exercises, from scientific journals (in an " -"era where the biggest journal publishers have been caught producing " -"pay-to-play journals for junk science) to regulations (in an era where " -"regulators are routinely cycling in and out of business) to education (in an " -"era where universities are dependent on corporate donations to keep their " -"lights on)." +"era where the biggest journal publishers have been caught producing pay-to-" +"play journals for junk science) to regulations (in an era where regulators " +"are routinely cycling in and out of business) to education (in an era where " +"universities are dependent on corporate donations to keep their lights on)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3033 msgid "" "Targeting — surveillance capitalism — makes it easier to find people who are " -"undergoing this epistemological crisis, but it doesn’t create the " -"crisis. For that, you need to look to corruption." +"undergoing this epistemological crisis, but it doesn’t create the crisis. " +"For that, you need to look to corruption." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3038 msgid "" "And, conveniently enough, it’s corruption that allows surveillance " "capitalism to grow by dismantling monopoly protections, by permitting " @@ -3906,12 +3550,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3047 msgid "Tech is different" msgstr "Technologia jest czymś odmiennym" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3049 msgid "" "I reject both iterations of technological exceptionalism. I reject the idea " "that tech is uniquely terrible and led by people who are greedier or worse " @@ -3921,7 +3563,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3057 msgid "" "I think tech is just another industry, albeit one that grew up in the " "absence of real monopoly constraints. It may have been first, but it isn’t " @@ -3929,7 +3570,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3062 msgid "" "But there’s one way in which I <emphasis>am</emphasis> a tech " "exceptionalist. I believe that online tools are the key to overcoming " @@ -3942,7 +3582,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3073 msgid "" "The hard problem of our species is coordination. Everything from climate " "change to social change to running a business to making a family work can be " @@ -3950,7 +3589,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3078 msgid "" "The internet makes it easier than at any time before to find people who want " "to work on a project with you — hence the success of free and open-source " @@ -3959,18 +3597,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3084 msgid "" "The internet and the computers we connect to it also possess an exceptional " "quality: general-purposeness. The internet is designed to allow any two " "parties to communicate any data, using any protocol, without permission from " -"anyone else. The only production design we have for computers is the " -"general-purpose, <quote>Turing complete</quote> computer that can run every " -"program we can express in symbolic logic." +"anyone else. The only production design we have for computers is the general-" +"purpose, <quote>Turing complete</quote> computer that can run every program " +"we can express in symbolic logic." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3093 msgid "" "This means that every time someone with a special communications need " "invests in infrastructure and techniques to make the internet faster, " @@ -3982,7 +3618,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3102 msgid "" "For these reasons, every type of communication is gradually absorbed into " "the internet, and every type of device — from airplanes to pacemakers — " @@ -3990,7 +3625,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3107 msgid "" "While these considerations don’t preclude regulating networks and computers, " "they do call for gravitas and caution when doing so because changes to " @@ -3999,7 +3633,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3113 msgid "" "The upshot of this is that our best hope of solving the big coordination " "problems — climate change, inequality, etc. — is with free, fair, and open " @@ -4009,12 +3642,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3121 msgid "Ownership of facts" msgstr "Własność faktów" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3123 msgid "" "Big Tech has a funny relationship with information. When you’re generating " "information — anything from the location data streaming off your mobile " @@ -4023,7 +3654,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3130 msgid "" "But when you have the audacity to turn the tables — to use a tool that " "blocks ads or slurps your waiting updates out of a social network and puts " @@ -4033,7 +3663,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3137 msgid "" "The thing is, information is a very bad fit for any kind of private property " "regime. Property rights are useful for establishing markets that can lead to " @@ -4043,7 +3672,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3144 msgid "" "Information rarely has such a clear title. Take phone numbers: There’s " "clearly something going wrong when Facebook slurps up millions of users’ " @@ -4052,7 +3680,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3151 msgid "" "But the phone numbers Facebook nonconsensually acquires in this transaction " "are not the <quote>property</quote> of the users they’re taken from nor do " @@ -4064,7 +3691,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3160 msgid "" "Likewise for the facts that Facebook and other commercial surveillance " "operators acquire about us, like that we are the children of our parents or " @@ -4079,19 +3705,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3173 msgid "" "If you go to a Black Lives Matter demonstration, do the other demonstrators " "need your permission to post their photos from the event? The online fights " -"over <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.wired.com/story/how-to-take-photos-at-protests/\">when and " -"how to post photos from demonstrations</ulink> reveal a nuanced, complex " -"issue that cannot be easily hand-waved away by giving one party a property " -"right that everyone else in the mix has to respect." +"over <ulink url=\"https://www.wired.com/story/how-to-take-photos-at-protests/" +"\">when and how to post photos from demonstrations</ulink> reveal a nuanced, " +"complex issue that cannot be easily hand-waved away by giving one party a " +"property right that everyone else in the mix has to respect." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3182 msgid "" "The fact that information isn’t a good fit with property and markets doesn’t " "mean that it’s not valuable. Babies aren’t property, but they’re inarguably " @@ -4103,7 +3726,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3191 msgid "" "It’s tempting to reach for the property hammer when Big Tech treats your " "information like a nail — not least because Big Tech are such prolific " @@ -4116,7 +3738,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3202 msgid "" "Meanwhile, establishing property rights over information will create " "insurmountable barriers to independent data processing. Imagine that we " @@ -4132,7 +3753,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3217 msgid "" "The same goes for things like search indexes of the web or photos of " "peoples’ houses, which have become contentious thanks to Google’s Street " @@ -4148,7 +3768,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3231 msgid "" "The ownership of facts is antithetical to many kinds of human progress. It’s " "hard to imagine a rule that limits Big Tech’s exploitation of our collective " @@ -4160,12 +3779,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3241 msgid "Persuasion works… slowly" msgstr "Przekonywanie działa… powoli" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3243 msgid "" "The platforms may oversell their ability to persuade people, but obviously, " "persuasion works sometimes. Whether it’s the private realm that LGBTQ people " @@ -4176,10 +3793,9 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3252 msgid "" -"The project of shifting societal attitudes is a game of inches and " -"years. For centuries, svengalis have purported to be able to accelerate this " +"The project of shifting societal attitudes is a game of inches and years. " +"For centuries, svengalis have purported to be able to accelerate this " "process, but even the most brutal forms of propaganda have struggled to make " "permanent changes. Joseph Goebbels was able to subject Germans to daily, " "mandatory, hourslong radio broadcasts, to round up and torture and murder " @@ -4189,7 +3805,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3263 msgid "" "Yet, after 12 years of terror, once the war ended, Nazi ideology was largely " "discredited in both East and West Germany, and a program of national truth " @@ -4201,7 +3816,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3273 msgid "" "Racism and authoritarianism have also always been with us. Anyone who’s " "reviewed the kind of messages and arguments that racists put forward today " @@ -4213,39 +3827,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3282 msgid "" "If racists haven’t gotten more convincing in the past decade, then how is it " "that more people were convinced to be openly racist at that time? I believe " "that the answer lies in the material world, not the world of ideas. The " -"ideas haven’t gotten more convincing, but people have become more " -"afraid. Afraid that the state can’t be trusted to act as an honest broker in " -"life-or-death decisions, from those regarding the management of the economy " -"to the regulation of painkillers to the rules for handling private " -"information. Afraid that the world has become a game of musical chairs in " -"which the chairs are being taken away at a never-before-seen rate. Afraid " -"that justice for others will come at their expense. Monopolism isn’t the " -"cause of these fears, but the inequality and material desperation and policy " -"malpractice that monopolism contributes to is a significant contributor to " -"these conditions. Inequality creates the conditions for both conspiracies " -"and violent racist ideologies, and then surveillance capitalism lets " +"ideas haven’t gotten more convincing, but people have become more afraid. " +"Afraid that the state can’t be trusted to act as an honest broker in life-or-" +"death decisions, from those regarding the management of the economy to the " +"regulation of painkillers to the rules for handling private information. " +"Afraid that the world has become a game of musical chairs in which the " +"chairs are being taken away at a never-before-seen rate. Afraid that justice " +"for others will come at their expense. Monopolism isn’t the cause of these " +"fears, but the inequality and material desperation and policy malpractice " +"that monopolism contributes to is a significant contributor to these " +"conditions. Inequality creates the conditions for both conspiracies and " +"violent racist ideologies, and then surveillance capitalism lets " "opportunists target the fearful and the conspiracy-minded." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3301 msgid "Paying won’t help" msgstr "Płacenie nie pomoże" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3303 msgid "" "As the old saw goes, <quote>If you’re not paying for the product, you’re the " "product.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3307 msgid "" "It’s a commonplace belief today that the advent of free, ad-supported media " "was the original sin of surveillance capitalism. The reasoning is that the " @@ -4259,10 +3869,9 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3319 msgid "" -"But the degradation of news products long precedes the advent of " -"ad-supported online news. Long before newspapers were online, lax antitrust " +"But the degradation of news products long precedes the advent of ad-" +"supported online news. Long before newspapers were online, lax antitrust " "enforcement had opened the door for unprecedented waves of consolidation and " "roll-ups in newsrooms. Rival newspapers were merged, reporters and ad sales " "staff were laid off, physical plants were sold and leased back, leaving the " @@ -4274,20 +3883,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3332 msgid "" "Then, as news companies <emphasis>did</emphasis> come online, the ad " "revenues they commanded dropped even as the number of internet users (and " "thus potential online readers) increased. That shift was a function of " "consolidation in the ad sales market, with Google and Facebook emerging as " "duopolists who made more money every year from advertising while paying less " -"and less of it to the publishers whose work the ads appeared " -"alongside. Monopolism created a buyer’s market for ad inventory with " -"Facebook and Google acting as gatekeepers." +"and less of it to the publishers whose work the ads appeared alongside. " +"Monopolism created a buyer’s market for ad inventory with Facebook and " +"Google acting as gatekeepers." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3342 msgid "" "Paid services continue to exist alongside free ones, and often it is these " "paid services — anxious to prevent people from bypassing their paywalls or " @@ -4296,18 +3903,18 @@ msgid "" "their profitability, Apple has to lock its platforms so that third parties " "can’t make compatible software without permission. These locks allow the " "company to exercise both editorial control (enabling it to exclude <ulink " -"url=\"https://ncac.org/news/blog/does-apples-strict-app-store-content-policy-limit-freedom-of-expression\">controversial " -"political material</ulink>) and technological control, including control " -"over who can repair the devices it makes. If we’re worried that ad-supported " -"products deprive people of their right to self-determination by using " -"persuasion techniques to nudge their purchase decisions a few degrees in one " -"direction or the other, then the near-total control a single company holds " -"over the decision of who gets to sell you software, parts, and service for " -"your iPhone should have us very worried indeed." +"url=\"https://ncac.org/news/blog/does-apples-strict-app-store-content-policy-" +"limit-freedom-of-expression\">controversial political material</ulink>) and " +"technological control, including control over who can repair the devices it " +"makes. If we’re worried that ad-supported products deprive people of their " +"right to self-determination by using persuasion techniques to nudge their " +"purchase decisions a few degrees in one direction or the other, then the " +"near-total control a single company holds over the decision of who gets to " +"sell you software, parts, and service for your iPhone should have us very " +"worried indeed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3361 msgid "" "We shouldn’t just be concerned about payment and control: The idea that " "paying will improve discourse is also dangerously wrong. The poor success " @@ -4321,7 +3928,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3372 msgid "" "Perhaps paying would fix this, the reasoning goes. If platforms could be " "economically viable even if you stopped clicking on them once your " @@ -4330,7 +3936,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3379 msgid "" "There may be something to that argument, but it still ignores the wider " "economic and political context of the platforms and the world that allowed " @@ -4338,7 +3943,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3384 msgid "" "Platforms are world-spanning and all-encompassing because they are " "monopolies, and they are monopolies because we have gutted our most " @@ -4351,7 +3955,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3395 msgid "" "In this wildly unequal world, paying doesn’t improve the discourse; it " "simply prices discourse out of the range of the majority of people. Paying " @@ -4359,7 +3962,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3400 msgid "" "If you think today’s filter bubbles are a problem for our discourse, imagine " "what they’d be like if rich people inhabited free-flowing Athenian " @@ -4375,13 +3977,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3414 msgid "" "Behind the idea of paying for access is a belief that free markets will " "address Big Tech’s dysfunction. After all, to the extent that people have a " "view of surveillance at all, it is generally an unfavorable one, and the " -"longer and more thoroughly one is surveilled, the less one tends to like " -"it. Same goes for lock-in: If HP’s ink or Apple’s App Store were really " +"longer and more thoroughly one is surveilled, the less one tends to like it. " +"Same goes for lock-in: If HP’s ink or Apple’s App Store were really " "obviously fantastic, they wouldn’t need technical measures to prevent users " "from choosing a rival’s product. The only reason these technical " "countermeasures exist is that the companies don’t believe their customers " @@ -4390,7 +3991,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3427 msgid "" "Advocates for markets laud their ability to aggregate the diffused knowledge " "of buyers and sellers across a whole society through demand signals, price " @@ -4398,13 +3998,12 @@ msgid "" "<quote>rogue capitalism</quote> is that machine-learning-driven persuasion " "techniques distort decision-making by consumers, leading to incorrect " "signals — consumers don’t buy what they prefer, they buy what they’re " -"tricked into preferring. It follows that the monopolistic practices of " -"lock-in, which do far more to constrain consumers’ free choices, are even " -"more of a <quote>rogue capitalism.</quote>" +"tricked into preferring. It follows that the monopolistic practices of lock-" +"in, which do far more to constrain consumers’ free choices, are even more of " +"a <quote>rogue capitalism.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3439 msgid "" "The profitability of any business is constrained by the possibility that its " "customers will take their business elsewhere. Both surveillance and lock-in " @@ -4416,7 +4015,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3449 msgid "" "Ultimately, surveillance and lock-in are both simply business strategies " "that monopolists can choose. Surveillance companies like Google are " @@ -4432,22 +4030,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3464 msgid "An <quote>ecology</quote> moment for trustbusting" msgstr "<quote> ekologia</quote> chwila na zerwanie zaufania" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3466 msgid "" "If we’re going to break Big Tech’s death grip on our digital lives, we’re " -"going to have to fight monopolies. That may sound pretty mundane and " -"old-fashioned, something out of the New Deal era, while ending the use of " +"going to have to fight monopolies. That may sound pretty mundane and old-" +"fashioned, something out of the New Deal era, while ending the use of " "automated behavioral modification feels like the plotline of a really cool " "cyberpunk novel." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3473 msgid "" "Meanwhile, breaking up monopolies is something we seem to have forgotten how " "to do. There is a bipartisan, trans-Atlantic consensus that breaking up " @@ -4458,7 +4053,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3481 msgid "" "But trustbusters once strode the nation, brandishing law books, terrorizing " "robber barons, and shattering the illusion of monopolies’ all-powerful grip " @@ -4468,23 +4062,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3489 msgid "Could we find that political will again?" msgstr "Czy moglibyśmy ponownie znaleźć tę wolę polityczną?" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3492 msgid "" -"Copyright scholar James Boyle has described how the term " -"<quote>ecology</quote> marked a turning point in environmental " -"activism. Prior to the adoption of this term, people who wanted to preserve " -"whale populations didn’t necessarily see themselves as fighting the same " -"battle as people who wanted to protect the ozone layer or fight freshwater " -"pollution or beat back smog or acid rain." +"Copyright scholar James Boyle has described how the term <quote>ecology</" +"quote> marked a turning point in environmental activism. Prior to the " +"adoption of this term, people who wanted to preserve whale populations " +"didn’t necessarily see themselves as fighting the same battle as people who " +"wanted to protect the ozone layer or fight freshwater pollution or beat back " +"smog or acid rain." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3500 msgid "" "But the term <quote>ecology</quote> welded these disparate causes together " "into a single movement, and the members of this movement found solidarity " @@ -4497,7 +4088,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3511 msgid "" "I believe we are on the verge of a new <quote>ecology</quote> moment " "dedicated to combating monopolies. After all, tech isn’t the only " @@ -4506,19 +4096,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3517 msgid "" -"You can find partisans for trustbusting in every sector of the " -"economy. Everywhere you look, you can find people who’ve been wronged by " -"monopolists who’ve trashed their finances, their health, their privacy, " -"their educations, and the lives of people they love. Those people have the " -"same cause as the people who want to break up Big Tech and the same " -"enemies. When most of the world’s wealth is in the hands of a very few, it " -"follows that nearly every large company will have overlapping shareholders." +"You can find partisans for trustbusting in every sector of the economy. " +"Everywhere you look, you can find people who’ve been wronged by monopolists " +"who’ve trashed their finances, their health, their privacy, their " +"educations, and the lives of people they love. Those people have the same " +"cause as the people who want to break up Big Tech and the same enemies. When " +"most of the world’s wealth is in the hands of a very few, it follows that " +"nearly every large company will have overlapping shareholders." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3527 msgid "" "That’s the good news: With a little bit of work and a little bit of " "coalition building, we have more than enough political will to break up Big " @@ -4527,7 +4115,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3533 msgid "" "But here’s the bad news: Much of what we’re doing to tame Big Tech " "<emphasis>instead</emphasis> of breaking up the big companies also " @@ -4535,21 +4122,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3538 msgid "" "Big Tech’s concentration currently means that their inaction on harassment, " "for example, leaves users with an impossible choice: absent themselves from " -"public discourse by, say, quitting Twitter or endure vile, constant " -"abuse. Big Tech’s over-collection and over-retention of data results in " -"horrific identity theft. And their inaction on extremist recruitment means " -"that white supremacists who livestream their shooting rampages can reach an " -"audience of billions. The combination of tech concentration and media " -"concentration means that artists’ incomes are falling even as the revenue " -"generated by their creations are increasing." +"public discourse by, say, quitting Twitter or endure vile, constant abuse. " +"Big Tech’s over-collection and over-retention of data results in horrific " +"identity theft. And their inaction on extremist recruitment means that white " +"supremacists who livestream their shooting rampages can reach an audience of " +"billions. The combination of tech concentration and media concentration " +"means that artists’ incomes are falling even as the revenue generated by " +"their creations are increasing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3550 msgid "" "Yet governments confronting all of these problems all inevitably converge on " "the same solution: deputize the Big Tech giants to police their users and " @@ -4560,7 +4145,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3559 msgid "" "These rules — the EU’s new Directive on Copyright, Australia’s new terror " "regulation, America’s FOSTA/SESTA sex-trafficking law and more — are not " @@ -4571,7 +4155,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3568 msgid "" "That’s because any move to break up Big Tech and cut it down to size will " "have to cope with the hard limit of not making these companies so small that " @@ -4580,13 +4163,11 @@ msgid "" "outsource content moderation. It’s already going to be hard to unwind these " "deeply concentrated, chimeric behemoths that have been welded together in " "the pursuit of monopoly profits. Doing so while simultaneously finding some " -"way to fill the regulatory void that will be left behind if these " -"self-policing rulers were forced to suddenly abdicate will be much, much " -"harder." +"way to fill the regulatory void that will be left behind if these self-" +"policing rulers were forced to suddenly abdicate will be much, much harder." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3580 msgid "" "Allowing the platforms to grow to their present size has given them a " "dominance that is nearly insurmountable — deputizing them with public duties " @@ -4598,7 +4179,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3590 msgid "" "We can work to fix the internet by breaking up Big Tech and depriving them " "of monopoly profits, or we can work to fix Big Tech by making them spend " @@ -4609,12 +4189,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3598 msgid "Make Big Tech small again" msgstr "Spraw, aby 'Big Tech' stała się ponownie 'małą' technologią" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3600 msgid "" "Trustbusting is hard. Breaking big companies into smaller ones is expensive " "and time-consuming. So time-consuming that by the time you’re done, the " @@ -4625,14 +4203,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3610 msgid "" "A future U.S. president could simply direct their attorney general to " "enforce the law as it was written." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3615 msgid "" "It’s far easier to prevent concentration than to fix it, and reinstating the " "traditional contours of U.S. antitrust enforcement will, at the very least, " @@ -4642,7 +4218,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3623 msgid "" "These powers are all in the plain language of U.S. antitrust laws, so in " "theory, a future U.S. president could simply direct their attorney general " @@ -4654,7 +4229,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3632 msgid "" "If the courts frustrate the Justice Department and the president, the next " "stop would be Congress, which could eliminate any doubt about how antitrust " @@ -4670,7 +4244,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3646 msgid "" "But this only prevents things from getting worse. To help them get better, " "we will have to build coalitions with other activists in the anti-monopoly " @@ -4681,41 +4254,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3655 msgid "" "In an important sense, it doesn’t matter which industry the breakups begin " "in. Once they start, shareholders in <emphasis>every</emphasis> industry " "will start to eye their investments in monopolists skeptically. As " "trustbusters ride into town and start making lives miserable for " -"monopolists, the debate around every corporate boardroom’s table will " -"shift. People within corporations who’ve always felt uneasy about monopolism " -"will gain a powerful new argument to fend off their evil rivals in the " -"corporate hierarchy: <quote>If we do it my way, we make less money; if we do " -"it your way, a judge will fine us billions and expose us to ridicule and " -"public disapprobation. So even though I get that it would be really cool to " -"do that merger, lock out that competitor, or buy that little company and " -"kill it before it can threaten it, we really shouldn’t — not if we don’t " -"want to get tied to the DOJ’s bumper and get dragged up and down Trustbuster " -"Road for the next 10 years.</quote>" +"monopolists, the debate around every corporate boardroom’s table will shift. " +"People within corporations who’ve always felt uneasy about monopolism will " +"gain a powerful new argument to fend off their evil rivals in the corporate " +"hierarchy: <quote>If we do it my way, we make less money; if we do it your " +"way, a judge will fine us billions and expose us to ridicule and public " +"disapprobation. So even though I get that it would be really cool to do that " +"merger, lock out that competitor, or buy that little company and kill it " +"before it can threaten it, we really shouldn’t — not if we don’t want to get " +"tied to the DOJ’s bumper and get dragged up and down Trustbuster Road for " +"the next 10 years.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3672 msgid "20 GOTO 10" msgstr "20 GOTO 10" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3674 msgid "" "Fixing Big Tech will require a lot of iteration. As cyber lawyer Lawrence " -"Lessig wrote in his 1999 book, <emphasis>Code and Other Laws of " -"Cyberspace</emphasis>, our lives are regulated by four forces: law (what’s " -"legal), code (what’s technologically possible), norms (what’s socially " -"acceptable), and markets (what’s profitable)." +"Lessig wrote in his 1999 book, <emphasis>Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace</" +"emphasis>, our lives are regulated by four forces: law (what’s legal), code " +"(what’s technologically possible), norms (what’s socially acceptable), and " +"markets (what’s profitable)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3681 msgid "" "If you could wave a wand and get Congress to pass a law that re-fanged the " "Sherman Act tomorrow, you could use the impending breakups to convince " @@ -4724,34 +4293,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3688 msgid "" "But getting Congress to act will require a massive normative shift, a mass " "movement of people who care about monopolies — and pulling them apart." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3693 msgid "" "Getting people to care about monopolies will take technological " "interventions that help them to see what a world free from Big Tech might " -"look like. Imagine if someone could make a beloved (but unauthorized) " -"third-party Facebook or Twitter client that dampens the anxiety-producing " +"look like. Imagine if someone could make a beloved (but unauthorized) third-" +"party Facebook or Twitter client that dampens the anxiety-producing " "algorithmic drumbeat and still lets you talk to your friends without being " -"spied upon — something that made social media more sociable and less " -"toxic. Now imagine that it gets shut down in a brutal legal battle. It’s " -"always easier to convince people that something must be done to save a thing " -"they love than it is to excite them about something that doesn’t even exist " -"yet." +"spied upon — something that made social media more sociable and less toxic. " +"Now imagine that it gets shut down in a brutal legal battle. It’s always " +"easier to convince people that something must be done to save a thing they " +"love than it is to excite them about something that doesn’t even exist yet." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3705 msgid "" -"Neither tech nor law nor code nor markets are sufficient to reform Big " -"Tech. But a profitable competitor to Big Tech could bankroll a legislative " -"push; legal reform can embolden a toolsmith to make a better tool; the tool " -"can create customers for a potential business who value the benefits of the " +"Neither tech nor law nor code nor markets are sufficient to reform Big Tech. " +"But a profitable competitor to Big Tech could bankroll a legislative push; " +"legal reform can embolden a toolsmith to make a better tool; the tool can " +"create customers for a potential business who value the benefits of the " "internet but want them delivered without Big Tech; and that business can get " "funded and divert some of its profits to legal reform. 20 GOTO 10 (or " "lather, rinse, repeat). Do it again, but this time, get farther! After all, " @@ -4762,19 +4327,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3719 msgid "" "The surveillance capitalism hypothesis — that Big Tech’s products really " "work as well as they say they do and that’s why everything is so screwed up " "— is way too easy on surveillance and even easier on capitalism. Companies " "spy because they believe their own BS, and companies spy because governments " -"let them, and companies spy because any advantage from spying is so " -"short-lived and minor that they have to do more and more of it just to stay " -"in place." +"let them, and companies spy because any advantage from spying is so short-" +"lived and minor that they have to do more and more of it just to stay in " +"place." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3728 msgid "" "As to why things are so screwed up? Capitalism. Specifically, the monopolism " "that creates inequality and the inequality that creates monopolism. It’s a " @@ -4787,7 +4350,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3739 msgid "" "Surveillance doesn’t make capitalism rogue. Capitalism’s unchecked rule " "begets surveillance. Surveillance isn’t bad because it lets people " @@ -4799,19 +4361,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3748 msgid "Up and through" msgstr "W górę i na wylot" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3750 msgid "" "With all the problems of Big Tech, it’s tempting to imagine solving the " "problem by returning to a world without tech at all. Resist that temptation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3755 msgid "" "The only way out of our Big Tech problem is up and through. If our future is " "not reliant upon high tech, it will be because civilization has fallen. Big " @@ -4823,7 +4382,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3765 msgid "" "I am, secretly, despite what I have said earlier, a tech exceptionalist. Not " "in the sense of thinking that tech should be given a free pass to monopolize "