From: Petter Reinholdtsen Date: Tue, 13 Oct 2020 18:42:57 +0000 (+0200) Subject: Updated POT file. X-Git-Tag: nb-printed-2021-01-24~352 X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-destroy-surveillance.git/commitdiff_plain/8769c73a287c9fb97aea7ed8822377f495bd899e?ds=sidebyside Updated POT file. --- diff --git a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pot b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pot index b72297b..68f9bc3 100644 --- a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pot +++ b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pot @@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism n/a\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-13 17:55+0200\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-10-13 20:41+0200\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME \n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE \n" @@ -76,8 +76,15 @@ msgstr "" msgid "ISBN 978-82-93828-07-5 (ePub)" msgstr "" +#. type: Content of:
+#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:49 +msgid "" +"This book is available for purchase from ." +msgstr "" + #. type: Content of:
-#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:50 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:55 msgid "" " -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:57 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:62 msgid "Creative Commons, Some rights reserved" msgstr "" #. type: Content of:
-#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:49 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:54 msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of:
-#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:63 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:69 msgid "" "This book is licensed under a Creative Commons license. This license permits " "any use of this work, so long as attribution is given and no derivatived " @@ -105,12 +112,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of:
-#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:71 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:77 msgid "The net of a thousand lies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:73 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:79 msgid "" "The most surprising thing about the rebirth of flat Earthers in the 21st " "century is just how widespread the evidence against them is. You can " @@ -120,7 +127,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:81 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:87 msgid "" "But today, when elementary schools routinely dangle GoPro cameras from " "balloons and loft them high enough to photograph the Earth’s curve — to say " @@ -130,7 +137,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:88 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:94 msgid "" "Likewise for white nationalism and eugenics: In an age where you can become " "a computational genomics datapoint by swabbing your cheek and mailing it to " @@ -139,7 +146,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:94 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:100 msgid "" "We are living through a golden age of both readily available facts and " "denial of those facts. Terrible ideas that have lingered on the fringes for " @@ -147,7 +154,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:100 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:106 msgid "" "When an obscure idea gains currency, there are only two things that can " "explain its ascendance: Either the person expressing that idea has gotten a " @@ -162,7 +169,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:113 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:119 msgid "" "The arguments for ridiculous beliefs in odious conspiracies like " "anti-vaccination, climate denial, a flat Earth, and eugenics are no better " @@ -172,7 +179,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:120 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:126 msgid "" "Anti-vax has been around since the first vaccines, but the early " "anti-vaxxers were pitching people who were less equipped to understand even " @@ -183,14 +190,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:129 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:135 msgid "" "So can these far-fetched conspiracy theorists really be succeeding on the " "basis of superior arguments?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:133 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:139 msgid "" "Some people think so. Today, there is a widespread belief that machine " "learning and commercial surveillance can turn even the most fumble-tongued " @@ -208,7 +215,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:149 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:155 msgid "" "After all, in a world where sprawling and incoherent conspiracy theories " "like Pizzagate and its successor, QAnon, have widespread followings, " @@ -216,7 +223,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:154 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:160 msgid "" "But what if there’s another explanation? What if it’s the material " "circumstances, and not the arguments, that are making the difference for " @@ -229,7 +236,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:164 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:170 msgid "" "If it’s trauma and not contagion — material conditions and not ideology — " "that is making the difference today and enabling a rise of repulsive " @@ -240,7 +247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:172 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:178 msgid "" "Belief in conspiracy is a raging fire that has done real damage and poses " "real danger to our planet and species, from epidemics <ulink " @@ -254,7 +261,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:184 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:190 msgid "" "But firefighting is reactive. We need fire " "<emphasis>prevention</emphasis>. We need to strike at the traumatic material " @@ -263,7 +270,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:190 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:196 msgid "" "There’s no shortage of proposals to address this. From the EU’s <ulink " "url=\"https://edri.org/tag/terreg/\">Terrorist Content Regulation</ulink>, " @@ -277,7 +284,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:201 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:207 msgid "" "There’s a critical piece missing from the debate, though. All these " "solutions assume that tech companies are a fixture, that their dominance " @@ -289,7 +296,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:211 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:217 msgid "" "Figuring out what we want our tech to look like is crucial if we’re going to " "get out of this mess. Today, we’re at a crossroads where we’re trying to " @@ -299,19 +306,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:219 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:225 msgid "" "I want us to choose wisely. Taming Big Tech is integral to fixing the " "internet, and for that, we need digital rights activism." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:223 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:229 msgid "Digital rights activism, a quarter-century on" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:225 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:231 msgid "" "Digital rights activism is more than 30 years old now. The Electronic " "Frontier Foundation turned 30 this year; the Free Software Foundation " @@ -334,7 +341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:246 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:252 msgid "" "The latest version of this critique comes in the form of <quote>surveillance " "capitalism,</quote> a term coined by business professor Shoshana Zuboff in " @@ -358,7 +365,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:267 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:273 msgid "" "What’s more, I think that her incorrect diagnosis will lead us down a path " "that ends up making Big Tech stronger, not weaker. We need to take down Big " @@ -366,12 +373,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:273 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:279 msgid "Tech exceptionalism, then and now" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:275 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:281 msgid "" "Early critics of the digital rights movement — perhaps best represented by " "campaigning organizations like the Electronic Frontier Foundation, the Free " @@ -388,7 +395,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:290 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:296 msgid "" "In the decades since, accusations of <quote>tech exceptionalism</quote> have " "only sharpened as tech’s role in everyday life has expanded: Now that tech " @@ -399,7 +406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:298 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:304 msgid "" "From my perspective, the digital rights movement has remained stationary " "while the rest of the world has moved. From the earliest days, the " @@ -412,7 +419,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:309 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:315 msgid "" "The <quote>surveillance capitalism</quote> critique recasts the digital " "rights movement in a new light again: not as alarmists who overestimate the " @@ -423,17 +430,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:317 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:323 msgid "But tech exceptionalism is a sin no matter who practices it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:320 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:326 msgid "Don’t believe the hype" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:322 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:328 msgid "" "You’ve probably heard that <quote>if you’re not paying for the product, " "you’re the product.</quote> As we’ll see below, that’s true, if incomplete. " @@ -445,7 +452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:332 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:338 msgid "" "The fear of surveillance capitalism starts from the (correct) presumption " "that everything Big Tech says about itself is probably a lie. But the " @@ -459,7 +466,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:344 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:350 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism assumes that because advertisers buy a lot of what " "Big Tech is selling, Big Tech must be selling something real. But Big Tech’s " @@ -469,7 +476,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:351 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:357 msgid "" "Being watched changes your behavior, and not for the better. It creates " "risks for our social progress. Zuboff’s book features beautifully wrought " @@ -484,12 +491,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:365 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:371 msgid "What is persuasion?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:367 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:373 msgid "" "To understand why you shouldn’t worry about mind-control rays — but why you " "<emphasis>should</emphasis> worry about surveillance " @@ -498,7 +505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:373 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:379 msgid "" "Google, Facebook, and other surveillance capitalists promise their customers " "(the advertisers) that if they use machine-learning tools trained on " @@ -509,14 +516,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:382 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:388 msgid "" "The impact of dominance far exceeds the impact of manipulation and should be " "central to our analysis and any remedies we seek." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:387 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:393 msgid "" "But there’s little evidence that this is happening. Instead, the predictions " "that surveillance capitalism delivers to its customers are much less " @@ -526,12 +533,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:394 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:400 msgid "1. Segmenting" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:396 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:402 msgid "" "If you’re selling diapers, you have better luck if you pitch them to people " "in maternity wards. Not everyone who enters or leaves a maternity ward just " @@ -543,7 +550,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:407 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:413 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism is segmenting times a billion. Diaper vendors can go " "way beyond people in maternity wards (though they can do that, too, with " @@ -558,22 +565,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:421 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:427 msgid "This is seriously creepy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:424 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:430 msgid "But it’s not mind control." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:427 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:433 msgid "It doesn’t deprive you of your free will. It doesn’t trick you." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:430 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:436 msgid "" "Think of how surveillance capitalism works in politics. Surveillance " "capitalist companies sell political operatives the power to locate people " @@ -586,7 +593,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:441 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:447 msgid "" "But this is an inexact and thus wasteful practice. The union organizer can’t " "know which worker to approach on the way out of the factory gates and may " @@ -598,7 +605,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:451 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:457 msgid "" "Because targeting improves the yields on political pitches, it can " "accelerate the pace of political upheaval by making it possible for everyone " @@ -611,7 +618,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:462 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:468 msgid "" "It’s important to differentiate this kind of political organizing from " "influence campaigns; finding people who secretly agree with you isn’t the " @@ -623,7 +630,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:471 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:477 msgid "" "But the personal accounts of those who have come out tell a different story " "where people who long harbored a secret about their gender were emboldened " @@ -634,12 +641,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:480 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:486 msgid "2. Deception" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:482 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:488 msgid "" "Lies and fraud are pernicious, and surveillance capitalism supercharges them " "through targeting. If you want to sell a fraudulent payday loan or subprime " @@ -653,7 +660,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:494 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:500 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism also abets fraud by making it easy to locate other " "people who have been similarly deceived, forming a community of people who " @@ -665,7 +672,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:504 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:510 msgid "" "Sometimes, online deception involves replacing someone’s correct beliefs " "with incorrect ones, as it does in the anti-vaccination movement, whose " @@ -675,7 +682,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:511 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:517 msgid "" "But it’s much more common for fraud to succeed when it doesn’t have to " "displace a true belief. When my daughter contracted head lice at daycare, " @@ -688,7 +695,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:522 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:528 msgid "" "This is pernicious and difficult — and it’s also the kind of thing the " "internet can help guard against by making true information available, " @@ -706,12 +713,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:539 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:545 msgid "3. Domination" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:541 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:547 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism is the result of monopoly. Monopoly is the cause, " "and surveillance capitalism and its negative outcomes are the effects of " @@ -722,7 +729,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:550 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:556 msgid "" "One example of how monopolism aids in persuasion is through dominance: " "Google makes editorial decisions about its algorithms that determine the " @@ -737,7 +744,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:563 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:569 msgid "" "Google’s dominance over search — more than 86% of web searches are performed " "through Google — means that the way it orders its search results has an " @@ -751,7 +758,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:575 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:581 msgid "" "Zuboff calls surveillance capitalism a <quote>rogue capitalism</quote> whose " "data-hoarding and machine-learning techniques rob us of our free will. But " @@ -767,12 +774,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:590 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:596 msgid "4. Bypassing our rational faculties" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:592 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:598 msgid "" "<emphasis>This</emphasis> is the good stuff: using machine learning, " "<quote>dark patterns,</quote> engagement hacking, and other techniques to " @@ -781,7 +788,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:598 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:604 msgid "" "Some of these techniques have proven devastatingly effective (if only in the " "short term). The use of countdown timers on a purchase completion page can " @@ -796,7 +803,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:611 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:617 msgid "" "Games are extraordinarily good at this. <quote>Free to play</quote> games " "manipulate us through many techniques, such as presenting players with a " @@ -809,7 +816,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:622 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:628 msgid "" "Companies have risen and fallen on these techniques, and the " "<quote>fallen</quote> part is worth paying attention to. In general, living " @@ -821,7 +828,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:632 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:638 msgid "" "That’s why behavioral conditioning uses <quote>intermittent reinforcement " "schedules.</quote> Instead of giving you a steady drip of encouragement or " @@ -831,7 +838,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:640 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:646 msgid "" "Intermittent reinforcement is a powerful behavioral tool, but it also " "represents a collective action problem for surveillance capitalism. The " @@ -847,7 +854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:655 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:661 msgid "" "From the surveillance capitalist’s point of view, our adaptive capacity is " "like a harmful bacterium that deprives it of its food source — our attention " @@ -864,7 +871,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:670 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:676 msgid "" "Not everyone, of course. Some people never adapt to stimulus, just as some " "people never stop hearing the hum of the refrigerator. This is why most " @@ -875,7 +882,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:678 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:684 msgid "" "But surveillance capitalism’s margins on behavioral modification " "suck. Tripling the rate at which someone buys a widget sounds great <ulink " @@ -886,7 +893,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:688 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:694 msgid "" "Slot machines’ high returns mean that they can be profitable just by " "draining the fortunes of the small rump of people who are pathologically " @@ -905,7 +912,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:706 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:712 msgid "" "The vulnerability of small segments of the population to dramatic, efficient " "corporate manipulation is a real concern that’s worthy of our attention and " @@ -913,12 +920,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:713 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:719 msgid "If data is the new oil, then surveillance capitalism’s engine has a leak" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:716 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:722 msgid "" "This adaptation problem offers an explanation for one of surveillance " "capitalism’s most alarming traits: its relentless hunger for data and its " @@ -928,7 +935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:723 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:729 msgid "" "Zuboff observes this phenomenon and concludes that data must be very " "valuable if surveillance capitalism is so hungry for it. (In her words: " @@ -945,14 +952,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:738 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:744 msgid "" "Of course, all of Big Tech’s persuasion techniques work in concert with one " "another, and collecting data is useful beyond mere behavioral trickery." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:743 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:749 msgid "" "If someone wants to recruit you to buy a refrigerator or join a pogrom, they " "might use profiling and targeting to send messages to people they judge to " @@ -968,7 +975,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:757 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:763 msgid "" "Each phase of this process benefits from surveillance: The more data they " "have, the more precisely they can profile you and target you with specific " @@ -978,7 +985,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:764 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:770 msgid "" "Also, the more data they have, the better they can craft deceptive messages " "— if I know that you’re into genealogy, I might not try to feed you " @@ -988,7 +995,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:771 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:777 msgid "" "Facebook also helps you locate people who have the same odious or antisocial " "views as you. It makes it possible to find other people who want to carry " @@ -1000,7 +1007,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:781 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:787 msgid "" "There is one way in which targeted advertising uniquely benefits those " "advocating for socially unacceptable causes: It is invisible. Racism is " @@ -1016,7 +1023,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:796 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:802 msgid "" "But even if you wanted to advertise your Nazi movement on a billboard or " "prime-time TV or the sports section, you would struggle to find anyone " @@ -1026,7 +1033,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:804 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:810 msgid "" "Targeted ads solve this problem: On the internet, every ad unit can be " "different for every person, meaning that you can buy ads that are only shown " @@ -1039,7 +1046,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:815 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:821 msgid "" "Online ads are placed by algorithms that broker between a diverse ecosystem " "of self-serve ad platforms that anyone can buy an ad through, so the Nazi ad " @@ -1054,7 +1061,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:829 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:835 msgid "" "These layers of indirection between advertisers and publishers serve as " "moral buffers: Today’s moral consensus is largely that publishers shouldn’t " @@ -1064,7 +1071,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:837 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:843 msgid "" "Data has a complex relationship with domination. Being able to spy on your " "customers can alert you to their preferences for your rivals and allow you " @@ -1072,7 +1079,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:842 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:848 msgid "" "More importantly, if you can dominate the information space while also " "gathering data, then you make other deceptive tactics stronger because it’s " @@ -1083,7 +1090,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:851 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:857 msgid "" "If you’re a Nazi who wants to ensure that your prospects primarily see " "deceptive, confirming information when they search for more, you can improve " @@ -1095,7 +1102,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:860 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:866 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalists are like stage mentalists who claim that their " "extraordinary insights into human behavior let them guess the word that you " @@ -1104,7 +1111,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:867 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:873 msgid "" "Or perhaps they’re more like pick-up artists, the misogynistic cult that " "promises to help awkward men have sex with women by teaching them " @@ -1115,7 +1122,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:875 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:881 msgid "" "Some pick-up artists eventually manage to convince women to go home with " "them, but it’s not because these men have figured out how to bypass women’s " @@ -1128,7 +1135,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:886 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:892 msgid "" "Pick-up artists <emphasis>believe</emphasis> they have figured out a secret " "back door that bypasses women’s critical faculties, but they haven’t. Many " @@ -1139,7 +1146,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:895 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:901 msgid "" "Pick-up artists are proof that people can believe they have developed a " "system of mind control <emphasis>even when it doesn’t " @@ -1159,7 +1166,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:913 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:919 msgid "" "Department store pioneer John Wanamaker is said to have lamented, " "<quote>Half the money I spend on advertising is wasted; the trouble is I " @@ -1171,12 +1178,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:923 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:929 msgid "What is Facebook?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:925 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:931 msgid "" "Facebook is heralded as the origin of all of our modern plagues, and it’s " "not hard to see why. Some tech companies want to lock their users in but " @@ -1190,7 +1197,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:937 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:943 msgid "" "Facebook’s surveillance regime is really without parallel in the Western " "world. Though Facebook tries to prevent itself from being visible on the " @@ -1205,14 +1212,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:951 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:957 msgid "" "Big Tech is able to practice surveillance not just because it is tech but " "because it is <emphasis>big</emphasis>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:956 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:962 msgid "" "Facebook offers similar tools to app developers, so the apps — games, fart " "machines, business review services, apps for keeping abreast of your kid’s " @@ -1226,7 +1233,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:967 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:973 msgid "" "Though it’s easy to integrate the web with Facebook — linking to news " "stories and such — Facebook products are generally not available to be " @@ -1240,7 +1247,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:979 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:985 msgid "" "And Facebook is incredibly popular, with 2.3 billion claimed users (though " "many believe this figure to be inflated). Facebook has been used to organize " @@ -1253,14 +1260,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:990 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:996 msgid "" "To understand what role Facebook plays in the formulation and mobilization " "of antisocial movements, we need to understand the dual nature of Facebook." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:995 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1001 msgid "" "Because it has a lot of users and a lot of data about those users, Facebook " "is a very efficient tool for locating people with hard-to-find traits, the " @@ -1277,7 +1284,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1010 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1016 msgid "" "Facebook makes finding people shopping for refrigerators a " "<emphasis>lot</emphasis> easier. It can target ads to people who’ve " @@ -1294,7 +1301,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1026 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1032 msgid "" "Facebook also makes it a lot easier to find people who have the same rare " "disease as you, which might have been impossible in earlier eras — the " @@ -1305,7 +1312,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1034 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1040 msgid "" "Facebook also makes it much easier to find people who hold the same rare " "political beliefs as you. If you’ve always harbored a secret affinity for " @@ -1320,7 +1327,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1047 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1053 msgid "" "All of this presents a dilemma for Facebook: Targeting makes the company’s " "ads more effective than traditional ads, but it also lets advertisers see " @@ -1334,7 +1341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1058 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1064 msgid "" "To make things worse, many Facebook groups spark precious little " "discussion. Your little-league soccer team, the people with the same rare " @@ -1345,7 +1352,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1066 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1072 msgid "" "With nothing but <quote>organic</quote> discussion, Facebook would not " "generate enough traffic to sell enough ads to make the money it needs to " @@ -1354,7 +1361,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1072 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1078 msgid "" "So Facebook has to gin up traffic by sidetracking its own forums: Every time " "Facebook’s algorithm injects controversial materials — inflammatory " @@ -1367,7 +1374,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1083 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1089 msgid "" "Facebook <emphasis>can</emphasis> modify our behavior but only in a couple " "of trivial ways. First, it can lock in all your friends and family members " @@ -1380,7 +1387,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1094 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1100 msgid "" "This is why Facebook’s targeting systems — both the ones it shows to " "advertisers and the ones that let users find people who share their " @@ -1392,7 +1399,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1104 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1110 msgid "" "The more time you spend on Facebook, the more ads it gets to show you. The " "solution to Facebook’s ads only working one in a thousand times is for the " @@ -1406,12 +1413,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1116 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1122 msgid "Monopoly and the right to the future tense" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1118 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1124 msgid "" "Zuboff and her cohort are particularly alarmed at the extent to which " "surveillance allows corporations to influence our decisions, taking away " @@ -1420,7 +1427,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1125 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1131 msgid "" "It’s true that advertising can tip the scales one way or another: When " "you’re thinking of buying a fridge, a timely fridge ad might end the search " @@ -1433,7 +1440,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1136 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1142 msgid "" "By contrast, Zuboff is rather sanguine about 40 years of lax antitrust " "practice that has allowed a handful of companies to dominate the internet, " @@ -1444,7 +1451,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1144 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1150 msgid "" "However, if we are to be alarmed that we might lose the right to choose for " "ourselves what our future will hold, then monopoly’s nonspeculative, " @@ -1453,7 +1460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1150 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1156 msgid "" "Start with <quote>digital rights management.</quote> In 1998, Bill Clinton " "signed the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) into law. It’s a complex " @@ -1462,7 +1469,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1156 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1162 msgid "" "This is a blanket ban on tampering with systems that restrict access to " "copyrighted works. The ban is so thoroughgoing that it prohibits removing a " @@ -1473,7 +1480,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1164 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1170 msgid "" "For example, Section 1201’s first major application was on DVD players as a " "means of enforcing the region coding built into those devices. DVD-CCA, the " @@ -1487,7 +1494,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1176 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1182 msgid "" "However, watching a lawfully produced disc in a country other than the one " "where you purchased it is not copyright infringement — it’s the " @@ -1498,7 +1505,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1184 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1190 msgid "" "The fact that a movie studio wants to charge Indians less than Americans or " "release in Australia later than it releases in the U.K. has no bearing on " @@ -1507,7 +1514,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1191 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1197 msgid "" "So DVD and DVD player manufacturers would not be able to use accusations of " "abetting copyright infringement to punish manufacturers who made " @@ -1517,7 +1524,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1199 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1205 msgid "" "That’s where Section 1201 of the DMCA comes in: By banning tampering with an " "<quote>access control,</quote> the rule gave manufacturers and rights " @@ -1527,7 +1534,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1206 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1212 msgid "" "This is an odious scam against consumers, but as time went by, Section 1201 " "grew to encompass a rapidly expanding constellation of devices and services " @@ -1535,14 +1542,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1214 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1220 msgid "" "Any device with software in it contains a <quote>copyrighted work</quote> — " "i.e., the software." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1220 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1226 msgid "" "A device can be designed so that reconfiguring the software requires " "bypassing an <quote>access control for copyrighted works,</quote> which is a " @@ -1550,7 +1557,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1227 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1233 msgid "" "Thus, companies can control their customers’ behavior after they take home " "their purchases by designing products so that all unpermitted uses require " @@ -1558,7 +1565,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1235 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1241 msgid "" "Section 1201 then becomes a means for manufacturers of all descriptions to " "force their customers to arrange their affairs to benefit the manufacturers’ " @@ -1566,7 +1573,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1240 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1246 msgid "" "This manifests in many ways: from a new generation of inkjet printers that " "use countermeasures to prevent third-party ink that cannot be bypassed " @@ -1577,7 +1584,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1249 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1255 msgid "" "Closer to home, Apple’s iPhones use these measures to prevent both " "third-party service and third-party software installation. This allows Apple " @@ -1591,7 +1598,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1262 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1268 msgid "" "Apple’s use of copyright locks also allows it to establish a monopoly over " "how its customers acquire software for their mobile devices. The App Store’s " @@ -1603,7 +1610,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1272 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1278 msgid "" "Crucially, Apple’s use of copyright locks gives it the power to make " "editorial decisions about which apps you may and may not install on your own " @@ -1619,7 +1626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1285 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1291 msgid "" "Apple often justifies monopoly power over software installation in the name " "of security, arguing that its vetting of apps for its store means that it " @@ -1635,7 +1642,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1299 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1305 msgid "" "Zuboff calls surveillance capitalism a <quote>rogue capitalism.</quote> " "Theoreticians of capitalism claim that its virtue is that it <ulink " @@ -1649,7 +1656,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1310 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1316 msgid "" "If our concern is that markets cease to function when consumers can no " "longer make choices, then copyright locks should concern us at " @@ -1661,12 +1668,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1319 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1325 msgid "Search order and the right to the future tense" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1321 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1327 msgid "" "Markets are posed as a kind of magic: By discovering otherwise hidden " "information conveyed by the free choices of consumers, those consumers’ " @@ -1680,7 +1687,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1333 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1339 msgid "" "This ballot rigging is made more pernicious by the existence of monopolies " "over search order. Google’s search market share is about 90%. When Google’s " @@ -1694,7 +1701,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1345 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1351 msgid "" "Google’s algorithm is often tricked into serving disinformation as a " "prominent search result. But in these cases, Google isn’t persuading people " @@ -1703,7 +1710,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1351 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1357 msgid "" "This is true whether the search is for <quote>Are vaccines " "dangerous?</quote> or <quote>best restaurants near me.</quote> Most users " @@ -1717,7 +1724,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1362 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1368 msgid "" "Many of the questions we ask search engines have no empirically correct " "answers: <quote>Where should I eat dinner?</quote> is not an objective " @@ -1731,7 +1738,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1373 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1379 msgid "" "Google’s search dominance isn’t a matter of pure merit: The company has " "leveraged many tactics that would have been prohibited under classical, " @@ -1748,7 +1755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1389 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1395 msgid "" "If we’re worried about giant companies subverting markets by stripping " "consumers of their ability to make free choices, then vigorous antitrust " @@ -1760,7 +1767,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1399 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1405 msgid "" "This goes for many other companies. Amazon, a classic surveillance " "capitalist, is obviously the dominant tool for searching Amazon — though " @@ -1777,7 +1784,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1414 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1420 msgid "" "Not every monopolist is a surveillance capitalist, but that doesn’t mean " "they’re not able to shape consumer choices in wide-ranging ways. Zuboff " @@ -1793,7 +1800,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1429 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1435 msgid "" "Because of its use of copyright locks, Apple’s mobile customers are not " "legally allowed to switch to a rival retailer for its apps if they want to " @@ -1807,12 +1814,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1441 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1447 msgid "Monopolists can afford sleeping pills for watchdogs" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1443 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1449 msgid "" "Only the most extreme market ideologues think that markets can self-regulate " "without state oversight. Markets need watchdogs — regulators, lawmakers, and " @@ -1824,7 +1831,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1453 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1459 msgid "" "But this kind of regulatory capture doesn’t come cheap. In competitive " "sectors, where rivals are constantly eroding one another’s margins, " @@ -1833,7 +1840,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1459 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1465 msgid "" "Many of the harms of surveillance capitalism are the result of weak or " "nonexistent regulation. Those regulatory vacuums spring from the power of " @@ -1842,7 +1849,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1465 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1471 msgid "" "Here’s an example: When firms over-collect and over-retain our data, they " "are at increased risk of suffering a breach — you can’t leak data you never " @@ -1853,14 +1860,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1474 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1480 msgid "" "But still, firms continue to over-collect and over-retain our data for three " "reasons:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1478 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1484 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">1. They are locked in the aforementioned limbic " "arms race with our capacity to shore up our attentional defense systems to " @@ -1874,7 +1881,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1490 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1496 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">2. They believe the surveillance capitalism " "story.</emphasis> Data is cheap to aggregate and store, and both proponents " @@ -1889,7 +1896,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1503 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1509 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">3. The penalties for leaking data are " "negligible.</emphasis> Most countries limit these penalties to actual " @@ -1902,7 +1909,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1514 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1520 msgid "" "But the harms from breaches are much more extensive than these " "actual-damages rules capture. Identity thieves and fraudsters are wily and " @@ -1915,7 +1922,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1524 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1530 msgid "" "However, even the most ambitious privacy rules, such as the EU General Data " "Protection Regulation, fall far short of capturing the negative " @@ -1925,7 +1932,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1531 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1537 msgid "" "This tolerance of — or indifference to — data over-collection and " "over-retention can be ascribed in part to the sheer lobbying muscle of the " @@ -1935,7 +1942,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1539 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1545 msgid "" "And then there’s state surveillance, which the surveillance capitalism story " "dismisses as a relic of another era when the big worry was being jailed for " @@ -1944,7 +1951,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1545 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1551 msgid "" "But state surveillance and private surveillance are intimately related. As " "we saw when Apple was conscripted by the Chinese government as a vital " @@ -1955,7 +1962,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1553 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1559 msgid "" "Whether it’s Google being used as a location tracking tool by local law " "enforcement across the U.S. or the use of social media tracking by the " @@ -1974,7 +1981,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1571 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1577 msgid "" "Monopolism is key to the project of mass state surveillance. It’s true that " "smaller tech firms are apt to be less well-defended than Big Tech, whose " @@ -1986,7 +1993,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1580 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1586 msgid "" "A concentrated tech sector that works with authorities is a much more " "powerful ally in the project of mass state surveillance than a fragmented " @@ -2002,7 +2009,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1594 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1600 msgid "" "They can even make a good case for doing this: After all, when there are " "only four or five big companies in an industry, everyone qualified to " @@ -2013,14 +2020,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1603 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1609 msgid "" "While surveillance doesn’t cause monopolies, monopolies certainly abet " "surveillance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1608 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1614 msgid "" "Industries that are competitive are fragmented — composed of companies that " "are at each other’s throats all the time and eroding one another’s margins " @@ -2031,7 +2038,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1616 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1622 msgid "" "Surveillance combined with machine learning is supposed to be an existential " "crisis, a species-defining moment at which our free will is just a few more " @@ -2041,12 +2048,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1624 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1630 msgid "But that threat grows out of monopoly." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1627 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1633 msgid "" "One of the consequences of tech’s regulatory capture is that it can shift " "liability for poor security decisions onto its customers and the wider " @@ -2057,7 +2064,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1635 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1641 msgid "" "IT is the only field in which this is practiced: No one builds a bridge or a " "hospital and keeps the composition of the steel or the equations used to " @@ -2068,7 +2075,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1644 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1650 msgid "" "The monopoly power that keeps any meaningful consequences for breaches at " "bay means that tech companies continue to build terrible products that are " @@ -2080,7 +2087,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1654 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1660 msgid "" "These bad security decisions are compounded yet again by the use of " "copyright locks to enforce business-model decisions against " @@ -2091,7 +2098,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1662 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1668 msgid "" "Recall also that these copyright locks are backstopped by legislation (such " "as Section 1201 of the DMCA or Article 6 of the 2001 EU Copyright Directive) " @@ -2101,7 +2108,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1670 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1676 msgid "" "This amounts to a manufacturer’s veto over safety warnings and " "criticism. While this is far from the legislative intent of the DMCA and its " @@ -2111,7 +2118,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1678 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1684 msgid "" "Copyright locks are a double whammy: They create bad security decisions that " "can’t be freely investigated or discussed. If markets are supposed to be " @@ -2124,7 +2131,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1688 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1694 msgid "" "And unlike mind-control rays, enforced silence over security is an " "immediate, documented problem, and it <emphasis>does</emphasis> constitute " @@ -2136,7 +2143,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1697 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1703 msgid "" "In software design, <quote>technology debt</quote> refers to old, baked-in " "decisions that turn out to be bad ones in hindsight. Perhaps a long-ago " @@ -2155,7 +2162,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1715 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1721 msgid "" "Typically, technology debt results in a technological bankruptcy: The " "product gets so brittle and unsustainable that it fails " @@ -2168,7 +2175,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1726 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1732 msgid "" "But the technology debt created by copyright locks isn’t individual debt; " "it’s systemic. Everyone in the world is exposed to this over-leverage, as " @@ -2181,12 +2188,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1738 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1744 msgid "Privacy and monopoly" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1740 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1746 msgid "" "Many tech companies are gripped by an orthodoxy that holds that if they just " "gather enough data on enough of our activities, everything else is possible " @@ -2200,7 +2207,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1752 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1758 msgid "" "Surveillance tech is far from the first industry to embrace a nonsensical, " "self-serving belief that harms the rest of the world, and it is not the " @@ -2214,7 +2221,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1764 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1770 msgid "" "This is not to say that there’s nothing wrong with Big Tech and its " "ideological addiction to data. While surveillance’s benefits are mostly " @@ -2222,7 +2229,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1770 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1776 msgid "" "There’s real irony here. The belief in surveillance capitalism as a " "<quote>rogue capitalism</quote> is driven by the belief that markets " @@ -2232,7 +2239,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1777 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1783 msgid "" "But monopolists get to do terrible things for a long time before they pay " "the price. Think of how concentration in the finance sector allowed the " @@ -2249,7 +2256,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1792 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1798 msgid "" "Big Tech is able to practice surveillance not just because it is tech but " "because it is <emphasis>big</emphasis>. The reason every web publisher " @@ -2260,7 +2267,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1801 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1807 msgid "" "The reason the world’s governments have been slow to create meaningful " "penalties for privacy breaches is that Big Tech’s concentration produces " @@ -2270,14 +2277,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1809 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1815 msgid "" "The reason that the smartest engineers in the world want to work for Big " "Tech is that Big Tech commands the lion’s share of tech industry jobs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1814 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1820 msgid "" "The reason people who are aghast at Facebook’s and Google’s and Amazon’s " "data-handling practices continue to use these services is that all their " @@ -2286,7 +2293,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1820 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1826 msgid "" "Competitive markets would weaken the companies’ lobbying muscle by reducing " "their profits and pitting them against each other in regulatory forums. It " @@ -2299,19 +2306,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1831 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1837 msgid "" "In other words, while surveillance doesn’t cause monopolies, monopolies " "certainly abet surveillance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1835 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1841 msgid "Ronald Reagan, pioneer of tech monopolism" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1837 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1843 msgid "" "Technology exceptionalism is a sin, whether it’s practiced by technology’s " "blind proponents or by its critics. Both of these camps are prone to " @@ -2325,7 +2332,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1849 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1855 msgid "" "To understand how tech became so monopolistic, it’s useful to look at the " "dawn of the consumer tech industry: 1979, the year the Apple II Plus " @@ -2339,7 +2346,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1861 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1867 msgid "" "Antitrust’s story began nearly a century before all that with laws like the " "Sherman Act, which took aim at monopolists on the grounds that monopolies " @@ -2351,7 +2358,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1870 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1876 msgid "" "Then came a fabulist named Robert Bork, a former solicitor general who " "Reagan appointed to the powerful U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit " @@ -2364,7 +2371,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1880 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1886 msgid "" "Bork was a crank, but he was a crank with a theory that rich people really " "liked. Monopolies are a great way to make rich people richer by allowing " @@ -2375,7 +2382,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1888 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1894 msgid "" "Bork’s theories were especially palatable to the same power brokers who " "backed Reagan, and Reagan’s Department of Justice and other agencies began " @@ -2387,7 +2394,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1897 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1903 msgid "" "Little by little, Bork’s theories entered the mainstream, and their backers " "began to infiltrate the legal education field, even putting on junkets where " @@ -2399,7 +2406,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1907 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1913 msgid "" "The history of Bork’s antitrust theories is a really good example of the " "kind of covertly engineered shifts in public opinion that Zuboff warns us " @@ -2413,7 +2420,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1919 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1925 msgid "" "Today, many fear that machine learning allows surveillance capitalism to " "sell <quote>Bork-as-a-Service,</quote> at internet speeds, so that you can " @@ -2428,7 +2435,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1932 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1938 msgid "" "The idea that tech forms <quote>natural monopolies</quote> (monopolies that " "are the inevitable result of the realities of an industry, such as the " @@ -2443,7 +2450,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1944 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1950 msgid "" "Indeed, the birth of the web saw a mass-extinction event for the existing " "giant, wildly profitable proprietary technologies that had capital, network " @@ -2459,7 +2466,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1958 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1964 msgid "" "Yes, tech is heavily monopolized and is now closely associated with industry " "concentration, but this has more to do with a matter of timing than its " @@ -2473,7 +2480,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1970 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1976 msgid "" "In support of this thesis, I offer the concentration that every " "<emphasis>other</emphasis> industry has undergone over the same period. From " @@ -2490,7 +2497,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1985 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1991 msgid "" "Again: When you change the laws intended to prevent monopolies and then " "monopolies form in exactly the way the law was supposed to prevent, it is " @@ -2505,12 +2512,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1997 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2003 msgid "Steering with the windshield wipers" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1999 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2005 msgid "" "It’s been 40 years since Bork’s project to rehabilitate monopolies achieved " "liftoff, and that is a generation and a half, which is plenty of time to " @@ -2522,7 +2529,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2009 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2015 msgid "" "After 40 years of studiously ignoring antitrust analysis and enforcement, " "it’s not surprising that we’ve all but forgotten that antitrust exists, that " @@ -2532,7 +2539,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2017 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2023 msgid "" "Antitrust is a market society’s steering wheel, the control of first resort " "to keep would-be masters of the universe in their lanes. But Bork and his " @@ -2545,7 +2552,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2027 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2033 msgid "" "It’s like a 1960s science-fiction plot come to life: People stuck in a " "<quote>generation ship,</quote> plying its way across the stars, a ship once " @@ -2557,12 +2564,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2037 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2043 msgid "Surveillance still matters" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2039 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2045 msgid "" "None of this is to minimize the problems with surveillance. Surveillance " "matters, and Big Tech’s use of surveillance <emphasis>is</emphasis> an " @@ -2571,7 +2578,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2046 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2052 msgid "" "Surveillance has become <emphasis>much</emphasis> more efficient thanks to " "Big Tech. In 1989, the Stasi — the East German secret police — had the whole " @@ -2580,7 +2587,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2053 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2059 msgid "" "Today, we know that the NSA is spying on a significant fraction of the " "entire world’s population, and its ratio of surveillance operatives to the " @@ -2591,7 +2598,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2062 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2068 msgid "" "How did the ratio of surveillable citizens expand from 1:60 to 1:10,000 in " "less than 30 years? It’s thanks to Big Tech. Our devices and services gather " @@ -2613,7 +2620,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2083 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2089 msgid "" "Let me explain that again: If one in a million people is a terrorist, then " "there will only be about one terrorist in a random sample of one million " @@ -2623,7 +2630,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2091 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2097 msgid "" "In reality, the accuracy of algorithmic terrorism detection falls far short " "of the 99% mark, as does refrigerator ad targeting. The difference is that " @@ -2633,7 +2640,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2098 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2104 msgid "" "Mass state surveillance is only feasible because of surveillance capitalism " "and its extremely low-yield ad-targeting systems, which require a constant " @@ -2644,7 +2651,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2106 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2112 msgid "" "State surveillance is no mere parasite on Big Tech, sucking up its data and " "giving nothing in return. In truth, the two are symbiotes: Big Tech sucks up " @@ -2655,7 +2662,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2115 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2121 msgid "" "To see this at work today, look no further than Amazon’s home surveillance " "device, the Ring doorbell, and its associated app, Neighbors. Ring — a " @@ -2672,7 +2679,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2131 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2137 msgid "" "In mid-2019, a series of public records requests revealed that Amazon had " "struck confidential deals with more than 400 local law enforcement agencies " @@ -2686,7 +2693,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2143 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2149 msgid "" "Ring and law enforcement have found many ways to intertwine their " "activities. Ring strikes secret deals to acquire real-time access to 911 " @@ -2696,7 +2703,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2151 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2157 msgid "" "The more the cops buzz-market the surveillance capitalist Ring, the more " "surveillance capability the state gets. Cops who rely on private entities " @@ -2709,12 +2716,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2162 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2168 msgid "Dignity and sanctuary" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2164 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2170 msgid "" "But even if we could exercise democratic control over our states and force " "them to stop raiding surveillance capitalism’s reservoirs of behavioral " @@ -2722,7 +2729,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2169 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2175 msgid "" "This is an area where Zuboff shines. Her chapter on <quote>sanctuary</quote> " "— the feeling of being unobserved — is a beautiful hymn to introspection, " @@ -2730,7 +2737,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2174 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2180 msgid "" "When you are watched, something changes. Anyone who has ever raised a child " "knows this. You might look up from your book (or more realistically, from " @@ -2748,7 +2755,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2190 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2196 msgid "" "In the digital age, our authentic selves are inextricably tied to our " "digital lives. Your search history is a running ledger of the questions " @@ -2758,14 +2765,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2198 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2204 msgid "" "To be observed in these activities is to lose the sanctuary of your " "authentic self." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2202 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2208 msgid "" "There’s another way in which surveillance capitalism robs us of our capacity " "to be our authentic selves: by making us anxious. Surveillance capitalism " @@ -2778,7 +2785,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2213 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2219 msgid "" "Our devices and services are <quote>general purpose</quote> in that they can " "connect anything or anyone to anything or anyone else and that they can run " @@ -2791,7 +2798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2223 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2229 msgid "" "All day and all night, our pockets buzz, shattering our concentration and " "tearing apart the fragile webs of connection we spin as we think through " @@ -2802,12 +2809,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2232 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2238 msgid "Afflicting the afflicted" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2234 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2240 msgid "" "The effects of surveillance on our ability to be our authentic selves are " "not equal for all people. Some of us are lucky enough to live in a time and " @@ -2817,7 +2824,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2241 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2247 msgid "" "But for many of us, this is not true. Recall that in living memory, many of " "the ways of being that we think of as socially acceptable today were once " @@ -2829,7 +2836,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2251 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2257 msgid "" "Today, these activities aren’t just decriminalized in much of the world, " "they’re considered normal, and the fallen prohibitions are viewed as " @@ -2837,7 +2844,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2256 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2262 msgid "" "How did we get from prohibition to normalization? Through private, personal " "activity: People who were secretly gay or secret pot-smokers or who secretly " @@ -2852,7 +2859,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2269 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2275 msgid "" "The right to choose the time and manner of these conversations was key to " "their success. It’s one thing to come out to your dad while you’re on a " @@ -2862,7 +2869,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2276 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2282 msgid "" "Without a private sphere, there’s a chance that none of these changes would " "have come to pass and that the people who benefited from these changes would " @@ -2871,7 +2878,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2283 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2289 msgid "" "The corollary is that, unless you think that our society has attained social " "perfection — that your grandchildren in 50 years will ask you to tell them " @@ -2885,17 +2892,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2295 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2301 msgid "A private realm is necessary for human progress." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2298 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2304 msgid "Any data you collect and retain will eventually leak" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2300 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2306 msgid "" "The lack of a private life can rob vulnerable people of the chance to be " "their authentic selves and constrain our actions by depriving us of " @@ -2904,7 +2911,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2306 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2312 msgid "" "Personally identifying information is of very limited use for the purpose of " "controlling peoples’ minds, but identity theft — really a catchall term for " @@ -2914,7 +2921,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2314 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2320 msgid "" "Attackers are not limited to using data from one breached source, " "either. Multiple services have suffered breaches that exposed names, " @@ -2928,7 +2935,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2326 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2332 msgid "" "For example, attackers can use leaked username and password combinations to " "hijack whole fleets of commercial vehicles that <ulink " @@ -2943,7 +2950,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2339 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2345 msgid "" "Attackers are endlessly inventive in the pursuit of creative ways to " "weaponize leaked data. One common use of leaked data is to penetrate " @@ -2951,7 +2958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2344 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2350 msgid "" "Like spies, online fraudsters are totally dependent on companies " "over-collecting and over-retaining our data. Spy agencies sometimes pay " @@ -2962,7 +2969,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2352 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2358 msgid "" "The over-collection of data has a host of terrible social consequences, from " "the erosion of our authentic selves to the undermining of social progress, " @@ -2972,12 +2979,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2360 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2366 msgid "Critical tech exceptionalism is still tech exceptionalism" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2363 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2369 msgid "" "Big Tech has long practiced technology exceptionalism: the idea that it " "should not be subject to the mundane laws and norms of " @@ -2987,14 +2994,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2369 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2375 msgid "" "Tech exceptionalism got us all into a lot of trouble, so it’s ironic and " "distressing to see Big Tech’s critics committing the same sin." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2373 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2379 msgid "" "Big Tech is not a <quote>rogue capitalism</quote> that cannot be cured " "through the traditional anti-monopoly remedies of trustbusting (forcing " @@ -3007,7 +3014,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2383 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2389 msgid "" "The thing is, people have been claiming to have perfected mind-control rays " "for centuries, and every time, it turned out to be a con — though sometimes " @@ -3015,7 +3022,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2389 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2395 msgid "" "For generations, the advertising industry has been steadily improving its " "ability to sell advertising services to businesses while only making " @@ -3027,7 +3034,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2399 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2405 msgid "" "The tech industry has made enormous improvements in the science of " "convincing businesses that they’re good at advertising while their actual " @@ -3041,7 +3048,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2411 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2417 msgid "" "It’s tempting to think that if businesses are willing to pour billions into " "a venture that the venture must be a good one. Yet there are plenty of times " @@ -3057,7 +3064,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2425 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2431 msgid "" "The claims of Big Tech’s mind-control system are full of tells that the " "enterprise is a con. For example, <ulink " @@ -3071,7 +3078,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2435 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2441 msgid "" "Big Tech’s promotional materials also claim that their algorithms can " "accurately perform <quote>sentiment analysis</quote> or detect peoples’ " @@ -3087,7 +3094,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2448 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2454 msgid "" "Big Tech has been so good at marketing its own supposed superpowers that " "it’s easy to believe that they can market everything else with similar " @@ -3101,7 +3108,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2460 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2466 msgid "" "That skepticism should infuse all of our evaluations of Big Tech and its " "supposed abilities, including our perusal of its patents. Zuboff vests these " @@ -3114,7 +3121,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2470 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2476 msgid "" "Patent applications take the form of a series of claims and range from broad " "to narrow. A typical patent starts out by claiming that its authors have " @@ -3131,7 +3138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2485 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2491 msgid "" "What’s more, software patents are routinely granted even though the filer " "doesn’t have any evidence that they can do the thing claimed by the " @@ -3140,7 +3147,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2491 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2497 msgid "" "With these considerations in hand, it becomes obvious that the fact that a " "Big Tech company has patented what it <emphasis>says</emphasis> is an " @@ -3149,7 +3156,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2498 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2504 msgid "" "Big Tech collects our data for many reasons, including the diminishing " "returns on existing stores of data. But many tech companies also collect " @@ -3161,7 +3168,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2508 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2514 msgid "" "Data mined for predictive systems doesn’t necessarily produce these " "dividends. Think of Netflix: The predictive value of the data mined from a " @@ -3174,7 +3181,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2519 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2525 msgid "" "Businesses pursue fads to the detriment of their profits all the time, " "especially when the businesses and their investors are not motivated by the " @@ -3186,7 +3193,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2528 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2534 msgid "" "This is another harm of tech exceptionalism: The belief that more data " "always produces more profits in the form of more insights that can be " @@ -3202,14 +3209,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2542 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2548 msgid "" "How monopolies, not mind control, drive surveillance capitalism: The " "Snapchat story" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2545 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2551 msgid "" "For the first decade of its existence, Facebook competed with the social " "media giants of the day (Myspace, Orkut, etc.) by presenting itself as the " @@ -3221,7 +3228,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2555 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2561 msgid "" "Despite frequent promises that it would never collect or analyze its users’ " "data, Facebook periodically created initiatives that did just that, like the " @@ -3235,7 +3242,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2567 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2573 msgid "" "The pace at which Facebook ramped up its surveillance efforts seems to have " "been set by Facebook’s competitive landscape. The more competitors Facebook " @@ -3246,7 +3253,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2575 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2581 msgid "" "All the while, Facebook was prodigiously acquiring companies, including a " "company called Onavo. Nominally, Onavo made a battery-monitoring mobile " @@ -3256,7 +3263,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2583 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2589 msgid "" "Through Onavo, Facebook discovered that it was losing market share to " "Snapchat, an app that — like Facebook a decade before — billed itself as the " @@ -3270,7 +3277,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2595 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2601 msgid "" "The story of how Facebook crushed Snapchat reveals the relationship between " "monopoly and surveillance capitalism. Facebook combined surveillance with " @@ -3284,12 +3291,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2607 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2613 msgid "A monopoly over your friends" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2609 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2615 msgid "" "A decentralization movement has tried to erode the dominance of Facebook and " "other Big Tech companies by fielding <quote>indieweb</quote> alternatives — " @@ -3298,7 +3305,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2616 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2622 msgid "" "Fundamentally, each of these services is hamstrung by the same problem: " "Every potential user for a Facebook or Twitter alternative has to convince " @@ -3310,7 +3317,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2626 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2632 msgid "" "All of this has conspired to make Facebook — and other dominant platforms — " "into <quote>kill zones</quote> that investors will not fund new entrants " @@ -3318,7 +3325,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2631 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2637 msgid "" "And yet, all of today’s tech giants came into existence despite the " "entrenched advantage of the companies that came before them. To understand " @@ -3327,12 +3334,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2638 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2644 msgid "The hard problem of our species is coordination." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2642 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2648 msgid "" "<quote>Interoperability</quote> is the ability of two technologies to work " "with one another: Anyone can make an LP that will play on any record player, " @@ -3344,7 +3351,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2651 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2657 msgid "" "Interoperability is often a source of innovation and consumer benefit: Apple " "made the first commercially successful PC, but millions of independent " @@ -3361,7 +3368,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2666 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2672 msgid "" "<quote>Interoperability</quote> is often used interchangeably with " "<quote>standardization,</quote> which is the process when manufacturers and " @@ -3372,7 +3379,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2674 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2680 msgid "" "But interoperability doesn’t require standardization — indeed, " "standardization often proceeds from the chaos of ad hoc interoperability " @@ -3386,7 +3393,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2685 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2691 msgid "" "Beyond neutral interoperability, there is <quote>adversarial " "interoperability.</quote> That’s when a manufacturer makes a product that " @@ -3396,7 +3403,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2693 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2699 msgid "" "Probably the most familiar form of adversarial interoperability is " "third-party printer ink. Printer manufacturers claim that they sell printers " @@ -3408,7 +3415,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2702 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2708 msgid "" "Owners of printers take the position that HP and Epson and Brother are not " "charities and that customers for their wares have no obligation to help them " @@ -3423,7 +3430,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2715 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2721 msgid "" "Adversarial interoperability has played an outsized role in the history of " "the tech industry: from the founding of the <quote>alt.*</quote> Usenet " @@ -3439,7 +3446,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2729 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2735 msgid "" "Today, incumbency is seen as an unassailable advantage. Facebook is where " "all of your friends are, so no one can start a Facebook competitor. But " @@ -3456,7 +3463,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2744 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2750 msgid "" "Adversarial interoperability was once the norm and a key contributor to the " "dynamic, vibrant tech scene, but now it is stuck behind a thicket of laws " @@ -3468,7 +3475,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2754 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2760 msgid "" "In the absence of a competitive market, lawmakers have resorted to assigning " "expensive, state-like duties to Big Tech firms, such as automatically " @@ -3478,7 +3485,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2762 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2768 msgid "" "These measures put a floor under how small we can make Big Tech because only " "the very largest companies can afford the humans and automated filters " @@ -3486,7 +3493,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2767 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2773 msgid "" "But that’s not the only way in which making platforms responsible for " "policing their users undermines competition. A platform that is expected to " @@ -3500,7 +3507,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2779 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2785 msgid "" "To the extent that we are willing to let Big Tech police itself — rather " "than making Big Tech small enough that users can leave bad platforms for " @@ -3513,7 +3520,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2789 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2795 msgid "" "Ultimately, we can try to fix Big Tech by making it responsible for bad acts " "by its users, or we can try to fix the internet by cutting Big Tech down to " @@ -3528,12 +3535,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2801 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2807 msgid "Fake news is an epistemological crisis" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2803 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2809 msgid "" "Tech is not the only industry that has undergone massive concentration since " "the Reagan era. Virtually every major industry — from oil to newspapers to " @@ -3542,7 +3549,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2810 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2816 msgid "" "At the same time, every industry has become something of a tech industry as " "general-purpose computers and general-purpose networks and the promise of " @@ -3551,7 +3558,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2816 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2822 msgid "" "This phenomenon of industrial concentration is part of a wider story about " "wealth concentration overall as a smaller and smaller number of people own " @@ -3561,7 +3568,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2824 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2830 msgid "" "That means that whenever a regulator asks a question with an obvious, " "empirical answer (<quote>Are humans causing climate change?</quote> or " @@ -3573,7 +3580,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2833 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2839 msgid "" "Rich people have always played an outsized role in politics and more so " "since the Supreme Court’s <emphasis>Citizens United</emphasis> decision " @@ -3584,7 +3591,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2842 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2848 msgid "" "But the policy distortions of rich individuals pale in comparison to the " "policy distortions that concentrated industries are capable of. The " @@ -3595,7 +3602,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2851 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2857 msgid "" "Concentrated industries also find it easier to collaborate on policy " "objectives than competitive ones. When all the top execs from your industry " @@ -3605,7 +3612,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2858 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2864 msgid "" "Rising through the ranks in a concentrated industry generally means working " "at two or three of the big companies. When there are only relatively few " @@ -3619,7 +3626,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2870 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2876 msgid "" "Highly concentrated industries also present a regulatory conundrum. When an " "industry is dominated by just four or five companies, the only people who " @@ -3632,7 +3639,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2881 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2887 msgid "" "All this is to say that the tight social bonds, small number of firms, and " "regulatory capture of concentrated industries give the companies that " @@ -3641,7 +3648,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2887 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2893 msgid "" "This is increasingly obvious. Whether it’s payday lenders <ulink " "url=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/02/25/how-payday-lending-industry-insider-tilted-academic-research-its-favor/\">winning " @@ -3657,7 +3664,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2901 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2907 msgid "" "It’s really impossible to overstate what a terrifying prospect this is. We " "live in an incredibly high-tech society, and none of us could acquire the " @@ -3675,7 +3682,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2918 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2924 msgid "" "In a world as complex as this one, we have to defer to authorities, and we " "keep them honest by making those authorities accountable to us and binding " @@ -3686,12 +3693,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2927 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2933 msgid "Right now, it’s obviously not." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2930 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2936 msgid "" "The past 40 years of rising inequality and industry concentration, together " "with increasingly weak accountability and transparency for expert agencies, " @@ -3702,7 +3709,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2938 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2944 msgid "" "For example, it’s been decades since Exxon’s own scientists concluded that " "its products would render the Earth uninhabitable by humans. And yet those " @@ -3715,7 +3722,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2949 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2955 msgid "" "The collapse of the credibility of our systems for divining and upholding " "truths has left us in a state of epistemological chaos. Once, most of us " @@ -3726,7 +3733,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2958 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2964 msgid "" "If you’re like me, you probably believe that vaccines are safe, but you " "(like me) probably also can’t explain the microbiology or statistics. Few of " @@ -3744,7 +3751,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2975 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2981 msgid "" "I’m 100% certain that vaccinating is safe and effective, but I’m also at " "something of a loss to explain exactly, <emphasis>precisely,</emphasis> why " @@ -3754,7 +3761,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2983 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2989 msgid "" "Fake news — conspiracy theories, racist ideologies, scientific denialism — " "has always been with us. What’s changed today is not the mix of ideas in the " @@ -3765,7 +3772,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2992 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2998 msgid "" "No one can say for certain why this has happened, but the two dominant camps " "are idealism (the belief that the people who argue for these conspiracies " @@ -3775,7 +3782,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3000 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3006 msgid "" "I’m a materialist. I’ve been exposed to the arguments of conspiracy " "theorists all my life, and I have not experienced any qualitative leap in " @@ -3783,7 +3790,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3005 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3011 msgid "" "The major difference is in the world, not the arguments. In a time where " "actual conspiracies are commonplace, conspiracy theories acquire a ring of " @@ -3791,7 +3798,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3010 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3016 msgid "" "We have always had disagreements about what’s true, but today, we have a " "disagreement over how we know whether something is true. This is an " @@ -3805,7 +3812,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3021 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3027 msgid "" "Targeting — surveillance capitalism — makes it easier to find people who are " "undergoing this epistemological crisis, but it doesn’t create the " @@ -3813,7 +3820,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3026 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3032 msgid "" "And, conveniently enough, it’s corruption that allows surveillance " "capitalism to grow by dismantling monopoly protections, by permitting " @@ -3824,12 +3831,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3035 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3041 msgid "Tech is different" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3037 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3043 msgid "" "I reject both iterations of technological exceptionalism. I reject the idea " "that tech is uniquely terrible and led by people who are greedier or worse " @@ -3839,7 +3846,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3045 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3051 msgid "" "I think tech is just another industry, albeit one that grew up in the " "absence of real monopoly constraints. It may have been first, but it isn’t " @@ -3847,7 +3854,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3050 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3056 msgid "" "But there’s one way in which I <emphasis>am</emphasis> a tech " "exceptionalist. I believe that online tools are the key to overcoming " @@ -3860,7 +3867,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3061 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3067 msgid "" "The hard problem of our species is coordination. Everything from climate " "change to social change to running a business to making a family work can be " @@ -3868,7 +3875,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3066 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3072 msgid "" "The internet makes it easier than at any time before to find people who want " "to work on a project with you — hence the success of free and open-source " @@ -3877,7 +3884,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3072 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3078 msgid "" "The internet and the computers we connect to it also possess an exceptional " "quality: general-purposeness. The internet is designed to allow any two " @@ -3888,7 +3895,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3081 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3087 msgid "" "This means that every time someone with a special communications need " "invests in infrastructure and techniques to make the internet faster, " @@ -3900,7 +3907,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3090 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3096 msgid "" "For these reasons, every type of communication is gradually absorbed into " "the internet, and every type of device — from airplanes to pacemakers — " @@ -3908,7 +3915,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3095 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3101 msgid "" "While these considerations don’t preclude regulating networks and computers, " "they do call for gravitas and caution when doing so because changes to " @@ -3917,7 +3924,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3101 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3107 msgid "" "The upshot of this is that our best hope of solving the big coordination " "problems — climate change, inequality, etc. — is with free, fair, and open " @@ -3927,12 +3934,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3109 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3115 msgid "Ownership of facts" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3111 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3117 msgid "" "Big Tech has a funny relationship with information. When you’re generating " "information — anything from the location data streaming off your mobile " @@ -3941,7 +3948,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3118 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3124 msgid "" "But when you have the audacity to turn the tables — to use a tool that " "blocks ads or slurps your waiting updates out of a social network and puts " @@ -3951,7 +3958,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3125 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3131 msgid "" "The thing is, information is a very bad fit for any kind of private property " "regime. Property rights are useful for establishing markets that can lead to " @@ -3961,7 +3968,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3132 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3138 msgid "" "Information rarely has such a clear title. Take phone numbers: There’s " "clearly something going wrong when Facebook slurps up millions of users’ " @@ -3970,7 +3977,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3139 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3145 msgid "" "But the phone numbers Facebook nonconsensually acquires in this transaction " "are not the <quote>property</quote> of the users they’re taken from nor do " @@ -3982,7 +3989,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3148 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3154 msgid "" "Likewise for the facts that Facebook and other commercial surveillance " "operators acquire about us, like that we are the children of our parents or " @@ -3997,7 +4004,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3161 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3167 msgid "" "If you go to a Black Lives Matter demonstration, do the other demonstrators " "need your permission to post their photos from the event? The online fights " @@ -4009,7 +4016,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3170 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3176 msgid "" "The fact that information isn’t a good fit with property and markets doesn’t " "mean that it’s not valuable. Babies aren’t property, but they’re inarguably " @@ -4021,7 +4028,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3179 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3185 msgid "" "It’s tempting to reach for the property hammer when Big Tech treats your " "information like a nail — not least because Big Tech are such prolific " @@ -4034,7 +4041,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3190 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3196 msgid "" "Meanwhile, establishing property rights over information will create " "insurmountable barriers to independent data processing. Imagine that we " @@ -4050,7 +4057,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3205 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3211 msgid "" "The same goes for things like search indexes of the web or photos of " "peoples’ houses, which have become contentious thanks to Google’s Street " @@ -4066,7 +4073,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3219 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3225 msgid "" "The ownership of facts is antithetical to many kinds of human progress. It’s " "hard to imagine a rule that limits Big Tech’s exploitation of our collective " @@ -4078,12 +4085,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3229 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3235 msgid "Persuasion works… slowly" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3231 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3237 msgid "" "The platforms may oversell their ability to persuade people, but obviously, " "persuasion works sometimes. Whether it’s the private realm that LGBTQ people " @@ -4094,7 +4101,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3240 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3246 msgid "" "The project of shifting societal attitudes is a game of inches and " "years. For centuries, svengalis have purported to be able to accelerate this " @@ -4107,7 +4114,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3251 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3257 msgid "" "Yet, after 12 years of terror, once the war ended, Nazi ideology was largely " "discredited in both East and West Germany, and a program of national truth " @@ -4119,7 +4126,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3261 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3267 msgid "" "Racism and authoritarianism have also always been with us. Anyone who’s " "reviewed the kind of messages and arguments that racists put forward today " @@ -4131,7 +4138,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3270 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3276 msgid "" "If racists haven’t gotten more convincing in the past decade, then how is it " "that more people were convinced to be openly racist at that time? I believe " @@ -4151,19 +4158,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3289 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3295 msgid "Paying won’t help" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3291 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3297 msgid "" "As the old saw goes, <quote>If you’re not paying for the product, you’re the " "product.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3295 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3301 msgid "" "It’s a commonplace belief today that the advent of free, ad-supported media " "was the original sin of surveillance capitalism. The reasoning is that the " @@ -4177,7 +4184,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3307 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3313 msgid "" "But the degradation of news products long precedes the advent of " "ad-supported online news. Long before newspapers were online, lax antitrust " @@ -4192,7 +4199,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3320 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3326 msgid "" "Then, as news companies <emphasis>did</emphasis> come online, the ad " "revenues they commanded dropped even as the number of internet users (and " @@ -4205,7 +4212,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3330 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3336 msgid "" "Paid services continue to exist alongside free ones, and often it is these " "paid services — anxious to prevent people from bypassing their paywalls or " @@ -4225,7 +4232,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3349 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3355 msgid "" "We shouldn’t just be concerned about payment and control: The idea that " "paying will improve discourse is also dangerously wrong. The poor success " @@ -4239,7 +4246,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3360 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3366 msgid "" "Perhaps paying would fix this, the reasoning goes. If platforms could be " "economically viable even if you stopped clicking on them once your " @@ -4248,7 +4255,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3367 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3373 msgid "" "There may be something to that argument, but it still ignores the wider " "economic and political context of the platforms and the world that allowed " @@ -4256,7 +4263,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3372 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3378 msgid "" "Platforms are world-spanning and all-encompassing because they are " "monopolies, and they are monopolies because we have gutted our most " @@ -4269,7 +4276,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3383 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3389 msgid "" "In this wildly unequal world, paying doesn’t improve the discourse; it " "simply prices discourse out of the range of the majority of people. Paying " @@ -4277,7 +4284,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3388 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3394 msgid "" "If you think today’s filter bubbles are a problem for our discourse, imagine " "what they’d be like if rich people inhabited free-flowing Athenian " @@ -4293,7 +4300,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3402 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3408 msgid "" "Behind the idea of paying for access is a belief that free markets will " "address Big Tech’s dysfunction. After all, to the extent that people have a " @@ -4308,7 +4315,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3415 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3421 msgid "" "Advocates for markets laud their ability to aggregate the diffused knowledge " "of buyers and sellers across a whole society through demand signals, price " @@ -4322,7 +4329,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3427 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3433 msgid "" "The profitability of any business is constrained by the possibility that its " "customers will take their business elsewhere. Both surveillance and lock-in " @@ -4334,7 +4341,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3437 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3443 msgid "" "Ultimately, surveillance and lock-in are both simply business strategies " "that monopolists can choose. Surveillance companies like Google are " @@ -4350,12 +4357,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3452 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3458 msgid "An <quote>ecology</quote> moment for trustbusting" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3454 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3460 msgid "" "If we’re going to break Big Tech’s death grip on our digital lives, we’re " "going to have to fight monopolies. That may sound pretty mundane and " @@ -4365,7 +4372,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3461 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3467 msgid "" "Meanwhile, breaking up monopolies is something we seem to have forgotten how " "to do. There is a bipartisan, trans-Atlantic consensus that breaking up " @@ -4376,7 +4383,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3469 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3475 msgid "" "But trustbusters once strode the nation, brandishing law books, terrorizing " "robber barons, and shattering the illusion of monopolies’ all-powerful grip " @@ -4386,12 +4393,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3477 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3483 msgid "Could we find that political will again?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3480 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3486 msgid "" "Copyright scholar James Boyle has described how the term " "<quote>ecology</quote> marked a turning point in environmental " @@ -4402,7 +4409,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3488 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3494 msgid "" "But the term <quote>ecology</quote> welded these disparate causes together " "into a single movement, and the members of this movement found solidarity " @@ -4415,7 +4422,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3499 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3505 msgid "" "I believe we are on the verge of a new <quote>ecology</quote> moment " "dedicated to combating monopolies. After all, tech isn’t the only " @@ -4424,7 +4431,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3505 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3511 msgid "" "You can find partisans for trustbusting in every sector of the " "economy. Everywhere you look, you can find people who’ve been wronged by " @@ -4436,7 +4443,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3515 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3521 msgid "" "That’s the good news: With a little bit of work and a little bit of " "coalition building, we have more than enough political will to break up Big " @@ -4445,7 +4452,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3521 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3527 msgid "" "But here’s the bad news: Much of what we’re doing to tame Big Tech " "<emphasis>instead</emphasis> of breaking up the big companies also " @@ -4453,7 +4460,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3526 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3532 msgid "" "Big Tech’s concentration currently means that their inaction on harassment, " "for example, leaves users with an impossible choice: absent themselves from " @@ -4467,7 +4474,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3538 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3544 msgid "" "Yet governments confronting all of these problems all inevitably converge on " "the same solution: deputize the Big Tech giants to police their users and " @@ -4478,7 +4485,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3547 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3553 msgid "" "These rules — the EU’s new Directive on Copyright, Australia’s new terror " "regulation, America’s FOSTA/SESTA sex-trafficking law and more — are not " @@ -4489,7 +4496,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3556 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3562 msgid "" "That’s because any move to break up Big Tech and cut it down to size will " "have to cope with the hard limit of not making these companies so small that " @@ -4504,7 +4511,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3568 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3574 msgid "" "Allowing the platforms to grow to their present size has given them a " "dominance that is nearly insurmountable — deputizing them with public duties " @@ -4516,7 +4523,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3578 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3584 msgid "" "We can work to fix the internet by breaking up Big Tech and depriving them " "of monopoly profits, or we can work to fix Big Tech by making them spend " @@ -4527,12 +4534,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3586 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3592 msgid "Make Big Tech small again" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3588 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3594 msgid "" "Trustbusting is hard. Breaking big companies into smaller ones is expensive " "and time-consuming. So time-consuming that by the time you’re done, the " @@ -4543,14 +4550,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3598 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3604 msgid "" "A future U.S. president could simply direct their attorney general to " "enforce the law as it was written." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3603 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3609 msgid "" "It’s far easier to prevent concentration than to fix it, and reinstating the " "traditional contours of U.S. antitrust enforcement will, at the very least, " @@ -4560,7 +4567,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3611 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3617 msgid "" "These powers are all in the plain language of U.S. antitrust laws, so in " "theory, a future U.S. president could simply direct their attorney general " @@ -4572,7 +4579,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3620 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3626 msgid "" "If the courts frustrate the Justice Department and the president, the next " "stop would be Congress, which could eliminate any doubt about how antitrust " @@ -4588,7 +4595,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3634 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3640 msgid "" "But this only prevents things from getting worse. To help them get better, " "we will have to build coalitions with other activists in the anti-monopoly " @@ -4599,7 +4606,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3643 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3649 msgid "" "In an important sense, it doesn’t matter which industry the breakups begin " "in. Once they start, shareholders in <emphasis>every</emphasis> industry " @@ -4618,12 +4625,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3660 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3666 msgid "20 GOTO 10" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3662 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3668 msgid "" "Fixing Big Tech will require a lot of iteration. As cyber lawyer Lawrence " "Lessig wrote in his 1999 book, <emphasis>Code and Other Laws of " @@ -4633,7 +4640,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3669 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3675 msgid "" "If you could wave a wand and get Congress to pass a law that re-fanged the " "Sherman Act tomorrow, you could use the impending breakups to convince " @@ -4642,14 +4649,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3676 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3682 msgid "" "But getting Congress to act will require a massive normative shift, a mass " "movement of people who care about monopolies — and pulling them apart." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3681 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3687 msgid "" "Getting people to care about monopolies will take technological " "interventions that help them to see what a world free from Big Tech might " @@ -4664,7 +4671,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3693 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3699 msgid "" "Neither tech nor law nor code nor markets are sufficient to reform Big " "Tech. But a profitable competitor to Big Tech could bankroll a legislative " @@ -4680,7 +4687,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3707 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3713 msgid "" "The surveillance capitalism hypothesis — that Big Tech’s products really " "work as well as they say they do and that’s why everything is so screwed up " @@ -4692,7 +4699,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3716 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3722 msgid "" "As to why things are so screwed up? Capitalism. Specifically, the monopolism " "that creates inequality and the inequality that creates monopolism. It’s a " @@ -4705,7 +4712,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3727 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3733 msgid "" "Surveillance doesn’t make capitalism rogue. Capitalism’s unchecked rule " "begets surveillance. Surveillance isn’t bad because it lets people " @@ -4717,19 +4724,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3736 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3742 msgid "Up and through" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3738 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3744 msgid "" "With all the problems of Big Tech, it’s tempting to imagine solving the " "problem by returning to a world without tech at all. Resist that temptation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3743 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3749 msgid "" "The only way out of our Big Tech problem is up and through. If our future is " "not reliant upon high tech, it will be because civilization has fallen. Big " @@ -4741,7 +4748,7 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3753 +#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3759 msgid "" "I am, secretly, despite what I have said earlier, a tech exceptionalist. Not " "in the sense of thinking that tech should be given a free pass to monopolize "