From: Petter Reinholdtsen Date: Sat, 9 Jan 2021 22:14:59 +0000 (+0100) Subject: Updated po files. X-Git-Tag: nb-printed-2021-01-24~50 X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/text-destroy-surveillance.git/commitdiff_plain/49db3508120cfa3634ef314f860af32c6d461f88 Updated po files. --- diff --git a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.de.po b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.de.po index 885916d..754e57c 100644 --- a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.de.po +++ b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.de.po @@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism n/a\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-11-15 20:41+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-01-09 23:13+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-12-30 06:17+0000\n" "Last-Translator: J. Lavoie \n" -"Language-Team: German \n" +"Language-Team: German \n" "Language: de\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" @@ -125,36 +125,10 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of:
msgid "" -"Our devices and services gather most of the data that the NSA mines for its " -"surveillance project. We pay for these devices and the services they connect " -"to, and then we painstakingly perform the data-entry tasks associated with " -"logging facts about our lives, opinions, and preferences." +"The Science Fiction author, journalist and technology activist Cory Doctorow " +"have a look at what really is behind \"Surveillance Capitalism\" and what " +"should be done to stop it." msgstr "" -"Die von uns genutzten Geräte und Dienste sammeln den Großteil der Daten, " -"welche die NSA für ihr Überwachungsprojekt nutzt. Wir bezahlen für diese " -"Geräte und den damit verbundenen Diensten, und schließlich übernehmen wir " -"auch noch die Lieferung der Daten, die über unsere Leben, Meinungen und " -"Vorliegen erhoben werden." - -#. type: Content of:
-msgid "" -"Thanks to Big Tech, Surveillance capitalism is everywhere. This is not " -"because it is really good at manipulating our behaviour, or the rogue abuse " -"of corporate power. It is the result of unchecked monopolism and the " -"abusive behavior it abets. It is the system working as intended and " -"expected. Cory Doctorow has written an extended critique of Shoshana " -"Zuboff's The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at " -"the New Frontier of Power, with a non-magical analysis of the problem " -"leading to a different proposal for a solution." -msgstr "" -"Dank Big Tech ist der Überwachungskapitalismus überall. Nicht weil er gut " -"darin ist, unser Verhalten zu manipulieren, und nicht wegen schurkenhafter " -"Ausnutzung der Macht der Großunternehmen. Er ist das Ergebnis ungehemmten " -"Monopolismus und des missbräulichen Agierens, dem er Vorschub leistet. Es " -"ist das System, das wir beabsichtigt und erwartet funktioniert. Cory " -"Doctorow hat eine ausschweifende Kritik zu Shoshanas Zuboffs „Das Zeitalter " -"des Überwachungskapitalismus“ verfasst, die eine unverblümte Analyse des " -"Problems beinhaltet und zu einem alternativen Lösungsvorschlag führt." #. type: Content of:
msgid "The net of a thousand lies" @@ -4649,6 +4623,38 @@ msgid "" "civilization, our species, and our planet." msgstr "" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Our devices and services gather most of the data that the NSA mines for " +#~ "its surveillance project. We pay for these devices and the services they " +#~ "connect to, and then we painstakingly perform the data-entry tasks " +#~ "associated with logging facts about our lives, opinions, and preferences." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Die von uns genutzten Geräte und Dienste sammeln den Großteil der Daten, " +#~ "welche die NSA für ihr Überwachungsprojekt nutzt. Wir bezahlen für diese " +#~ "Geräte und den damit verbundenen Diensten, und schließlich übernehmen wir " +#~ "auch noch die Lieferung der Daten, die über unsere Leben, Meinungen und " +#~ "Vorliegen erhoben werden." + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Thanks to Big Tech, Surveillance capitalism is everywhere. This is not " +#~ "because it is really good at manipulating our behaviour, or the rogue " +#~ "abuse of corporate power. It is the result of unchecked monopolism and " +#~ "the abusive behavior it abets. It is the system working as intended and " +#~ "expected. Cory Doctorow has written an extended critique of Shoshana " +#~ "Zuboff's The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future " +#~ "at the New Frontier of Power, with a non-magical analysis of the problem " +#~ "leading to a different proposal for a solution." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Dank Big Tech ist der Überwachungskapitalismus überall. Nicht weil er gut " +#~ "darin ist, unser Verhalten zu manipulieren, und nicht wegen " +#~ "schurkenhafter Ausnutzung der Macht der Großunternehmen. Er ist das " +#~ "Ergebnis ungehemmten Monopolismus und des missbräulichen Agierens, dem er " +#~ "Vorschub leistet. Es ist das System, das wir beabsichtigt und erwartet " +#~ "funktioniert. Cory Doctorow hat eine ausschweifende Kritik zu Shoshanas " +#~ "Zuboffs „Das Zeitalter des Überwachungskapitalismus“ verfasst, die eine " +#~ "unverblümte Analyse des Problems beinhaltet und zu einem alternativen " +#~ "Lösungsvorschlag führt." + #, fuzzy #~| msgid "Doctorow" #~ msgid "Cory Doctorow" diff --git a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.fr.po b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.fr.po index e77cf45..0470afc 100644 --- a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.fr.po +++ b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.fr.po @@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism n/a\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-11-15 20:41+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-01-09 23:13+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-12-30 06:17+0000\n" "Last-Translator: J. Lavoie <j.lavoie@net-c.ca>\n" -"Language-Team: French <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/" -"rms-personal-data-safe/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/fr/>\n" +"Language-Team: French <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/rms-personal-data-" +"safe/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/fr/>\n" "Language: fr\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" @@ -19,33 +19,27 @@ msgstr "" "X-Generator: Weblate 4.4.1-dev\n" #. type: Attribute 'lang' of: <article> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:4 msgid "en" msgstr "fr" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:6 msgid "How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism" msgstr "Comment détruire le capitalisme de la surveillance" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><authorgroup><author><firstname> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:11 msgid "Cory" msgstr "Cory" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><authorgroup><author><surname> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:12 msgid "Doctorow" msgstr "Doctorow" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><publisher><address> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:17 #, no-wrap msgid "<city>Oslo</city>" msgstr "<city>Oslo</city>" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:15 msgid "" "<publisher> <publishername>Petter Reinholdtsen</publishername> <placeholder " "type=\"address\" id=\"0\"/> </publisher> <copyright> <year>2020</year> " @@ -58,53 +52,45 @@ msgstr "" "<holder>Petter Reinholdtsen</holder> </copyright>" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:32 msgid "How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism by Cory Doctorow." msgstr "Comment détruire le capitalisme de la surveillance par Cory Doctorow." #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:35 msgid "Published by Petter Reinholdtsen." msgstr "Publié par Petter Reinholdtsen." #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:39 msgid "ISBN 978-82-93828-XX-X (hard cover)" msgstr "ISBN 978-82-93828-XX-X (édition reliée)" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:42 msgid "ISBN 978-82-93828-XX-X (paperback)" msgstr "ISBN 978-82-93828-XX-X (livre de poche)" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:45 msgid "ISBN 978-82-93828-XX-X (ePub)" msgstr "ISBN 978-82-93828-XX-X (ePub)" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:49 msgid "" -"This book is available for purchase from <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.lulu.com/\"/>." +"This book is available for purchase from <ulink url=\"https://www.lulu.com/" +"\"/>." msgstr "" -"Ce livre est disponible à la vente sur <ulink url=\"https://www.lulu.com/\"" -"/>." +"Ce livre est disponible à la vente sur <ulink url=\"https://www.lulu.com/\"/" +">." #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:54 msgid "" "If you find typos, error or have other corrections to the translated text, " -"please update on <ulink " -"url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/rms-personal-data-safe/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/nb_NO/\"/>." +"please update on <ulink url=\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/rms-" +"personal-data-safe/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/nb_NO/\"/>." msgstr "" "Si vous trouvez des fautes de frappe, des erreurs ou si vous avez d'autres " -"corrections sur le texte traduit, veuillez mettre à jour <ulink url=\"https" -"://hosted.weblate.org/projects/rms-personal-data-safe/" -"how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/fr/\"/>." +"corrections sur le texte traduit, veuillez mettre à jour <ulink url=" +"\"https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/rms-personal-data-safe/how-to-destroy-" +"surveillance-capitalism/fr/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para><inlinemediaobject> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:61 msgid "" "<imageobject> <imagedata fileref=\"images/cc-some-rights-reserved.png\" " "contentdepth=\"3em\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\"/> </imageobject> " @@ -117,17 +103,14 @@ msgstr "" "contentdepth=\"3em\" width=\"100%\" align=\"center\"/> </imageobject>" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para><inlinemediaobject><textobject><phrase> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:68 msgid "Creative Commons, Some rights reserved" msgstr "Creative Commons, certains droits réservés" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:60 msgid "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" msgstr "<placeholder type=\"inlinemediaobject\" id=\"0\"/>" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><legalnotice><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:75 msgid "" "This book is licensed under a Creative Commons license. This license permits " "any use of this work, so long as attribution is given and no derivatived " @@ -140,34 +123,17 @@ msgstr "" "visitez <ulink url=\"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/\"/>." #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><abstract><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:84 msgid "" -"Our devices and services gather most of the data that the NSA mines for its " -"surveillance project. We pay for these devices and the services they connect " -"to, and then we painstakingly perform the data-entry tasks associated with " -"logging facts about our lives, opinions, and preferences." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><abstract><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:91 -msgid "" -"Thanks to Big Tech, Surveillance capitalism is everywhere. This is not " -"because it is really good at manipulating our behaviour, or the rogue abuse " -"of corporate power. It is the result of unchecked monopolism and the " -"abusive behavior it abets. It is the system working as intended and " -"expected. Cory Doctorow has written an extended critique of Shoshana " -"Zuboff's The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at " -"the New Frontier of Power, with a non-magical analysis of the problem " -"leading to a different proposal for a solution." +"The Science Fiction author, journalist and technology activist Cory Doctorow " +"have a look at what really is behind \"Surveillance Capitalism\" and what " +"should be done to stop it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:105 msgid "The net of a thousand lies" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:107 msgid "" "The most surprising thing about the rebirth of flat Earthers in the 21st " "century is just how widespread the evidence against them is. You can " @@ -177,7 +143,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:115 msgid "" "But today, when elementary schools routinely dangle GoPro cameras from " "balloons and loft them high enough to photograph the Earth’s curve — to say " @@ -187,7 +152,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:122 msgid "" "Likewise for white nationalism and eugenics: In an age where you can become " "a computational genomics datapoint by swabbing your cheek and mailing it to " @@ -196,7 +160,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:128 msgid "" "We are living through a golden age of both readily available facts and " "denial of those facts. Terrible ideas that have lingered on the fringes for " @@ -204,7 +167,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:134 msgid "" "When an obscure idea gains currency, there are only two things that can " "explain its ascendance: Either the person expressing that idea has gotten a " @@ -219,53 +181,48 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:147 msgid "" -"The arguments for ridiculous beliefs in odious conspiracies like " -"anti-vaccination, climate denial, a flat Earth, and eugenics are no better " -"than they were a generation ago. Indeed, they’re worse because they are " -"being pitched to people who have at least a background awareness of the " -"refuting facts." +"The arguments for ridiculous beliefs in odious conspiracies like anti-" +"vaccination, climate denial, a flat Earth, and eugenics are no better than " +"they were a generation ago. Indeed, they’re worse because they are being " +"pitched to people who have at least a background awareness of the refuting " +"facts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:154 msgid "" -"Anti-vax has been around since the first vaccines, but the early " -"anti-vaxxers were pitching people who were less equipped to understand even " -"the most basic ideas from microbiology, and moreover, those people had not " +"Anti-vax has been around since the first vaccines, but the early anti-" +"vaxxers were pitching people who were less equipped to understand even the " +"most basic ideas from microbiology, and moreover, those people had not " "witnessed the extermination of mass-murdering diseases like polio, smallpox, " "and measles. Today’s anti-vaxxers are no more eloquent than their forebears, " "and they have a much harder job." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:163 msgid "" "So can these far-fetched conspiracy theorists really be succeeding on the " "basis of superior arguments?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:167 msgid "" "Some people think so. Today, there is a widespread belief that machine " "learning and commercial surveillance can turn even the most fumble-tongued " "conspiracy theorist into a svengali who can warp your perceptions and win " -"your belief by locating vulnerable people and then pitching them with " -"A.I.-refined arguments that bypass their rational faculties and turn " -"everyday people into flat Earthers, anti-vaxxers, or even Nazis. When the " -"RAND Corporation <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR400/RR453/RAND_RR453.pdf\">blames " -"Facebook for <quote>radicalization</quote></ulink> and when Facebook’s role " -"in spreading coronavirus misinformation is <ulink " -"url=\"https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/en/facebook_threat_health/\">blamed " -"on its algorithm</ulink>, the implicit message is that machine learning and " -"surveillance are causing the changes in our consensus about what’s true." +"your belief by locating vulnerable people and then pitching them with A.I.-" +"refined arguments that bypass their rational faculties and turn everyday " +"people into flat Earthers, anti-vaxxers, or even Nazis. When the RAND " +"Corporation <ulink url=\"https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/" +"research_reports/RR400/RR453/RAND_RR453.pdf\">blames Facebook for " +"<quote>radicalization</quote></ulink> and when Facebook’s role in spreading " +"coronavirus misinformation is <ulink url=\"https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/" +"en/facebook_threat_health/\">blamed on its algorithm</ulink>, the implicit " +"message is that machine learning and surveillance are causing the changes in " +"our consensus about what’s true." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:183 msgid "" "After all, in a world where sprawling and incoherent conspiracy theories " "like Pizzagate and its successor, QAnon, have widespread followings, " @@ -273,7 +230,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:188 msgid "" "But what if there’s another explanation? What if it’s the material " "circumstances, and not the arguments, that are making the difference for " @@ -286,55 +242,50 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:198 msgid "" "If it’s trauma and not contagion — material conditions and not ideology — " "that is making the difference today and enabling a rise of repulsive " "misinformation in the face of easily observed facts, that doesn’t mean our " "computer networks are blameless. They’re still doing the heavy work of " -"locating vulnerable people and guiding them through a series of " -"ever-more-extreme ideas and communities." +"locating vulnerable people and guiding them through a series of ever-more-" +"extreme ideas and communities." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:206 msgid "" "Belief in conspiracy is a raging fire that has done real damage and poses " -"real danger to our planet and species, from epidemics <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.cdc.gov/measles/cases-outbreaks.html\">kicked off by " -"vaccine denial</ulink> to genocides <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/15/technology/myanmar-facebook-genocide.html\">kicked " -"off by racist conspiracies</ulink> to planetary meltdown caused by " -"denial-inspired climate inaction. Our world is on fire, and so we have to " -"put the fires out — to figure out how to help people see the truth of the " -"world through the conspiracies they’ve been confused by." +"real danger to our planet and species, from epidemics <ulink url=\"https://" +"www.cdc.gov/measles/cases-outbreaks.html\">kicked off by vaccine denial</" +"ulink> to genocides <ulink url=\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/15/" +"technology/myanmar-facebook-genocide.html\">kicked off by racist " +"conspiracies</ulink> to planetary meltdown caused by denial-inspired climate " +"inaction. Our world is on fire, and so we have to put the fires out — to " +"figure out how to help people see the truth of the world through the " +"conspiracies they’ve been confused by." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:218 msgid "" -"But firefighting is reactive. We need fire " -"<emphasis>prevention</emphasis>. We need to strike at the traumatic material " -"conditions that make people vulnerable to the contagion of conspiracy. Here, " -"too, tech has a role to play." +"But firefighting is reactive. We need fire <emphasis>prevention</emphasis>. " +"We need to strike at the traumatic material conditions that make people " +"vulnerable to the contagion of conspiracy. Here, too, tech has a role to " +"play." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:224 msgid "" -"There’s no shortage of proposals to address this. From the EU’s <ulink " -"url=\"https://edri.org/tag/terreg/\">Terrorist Content Regulation</ulink>, " -"which requires platforms to police and remove <quote>extremist</quote> " -"content, to the U.S. proposals to <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/03/earn-it-act-violates-constitution\">force " -"tech companies to spy on their users</ulink> and hold them liable <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.natlawreview.com/article/repeal-cda-section-230\">for " -"their users’ bad speech</ulink>, there’s a lot of energy to force tech " -"companies to solve the problems they created." +"There’s no shortage of proposals to address this. From the EU’s <ulink url=" +"\"https://edri.org/tag/terreg/\">Terrorist Content Regulation</ulink>, which " +"requires platforms to police and remove <quote>extremist</quote> content, to " +"the U.S. proposals to <ulink url=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/03/" +"earn-it-act-violates-constitution\">force tech companies to spy on their " +"users</ulink> and hold them liable <ulink url=\"https://www.natlawreview.com/" +"article/repeal-cda-section-230\">for their users’ bad speech</ulink>, " +"there’s a lot of energy to force tech companies to solve the problems they " +"created." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:235 msgid "" "There’s a critical piece missing from the debate, though. All these " "solutions assume that tech companies are a fixture, that their dominance " @@ -346,7 +297,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:245 msgid "" "Figuring out what we want our tech to look like is crucial if we’re going to " "get out of this mess. Today, we’re at a crossroads where we’re trying to " @@ -356,66 +306,63 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:253 msgid "" "I want us to choose wisely. Taming Big Tech is integral to fixing the " "Internet, and for that, we need digital rights activism." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:257 msgid "Digital rights activism, a quarter-century on" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:259 msgid "" "Digital rights activism is more than 30 years old now. The Electronic " "Frontier Foundation turned 30 this year; the Free Software Foundation " "launched in 1985. For most of the history of the movement, the most " "prominent criticism leveled against it was that it was irrelevant: The real " "activist causes were real-world causes (think of the skepticism when <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/finland-legal-right-to-broadband-for-all-citizens/#:~:text=Global%20Legal%20Monitor,-Home%20%7C%20Search%20%7C%20Browse&text=(July%206%2C%202010)%20On,connection%20100%20MBPS%20by%202015.\">Finland " -"declared broadband a human right in 2010</ulink>), and real-world activism " -"was shoe-leather activism (think of Malcolm Gladwell’s <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/10/04/small-change-malcolm-gladwell\">contempt " -"for <quote>clicktivism</quote></ulink>). But as tech has grown more central " -"to our daily lives, these accusations of irrelevance have given way first to " +"url=\"https://www.loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/finland-legal-right-to-" +"broadband-for-all-citizens/#:~:text=Global%20Legal%20Monitor,-Home%20%7C" +"%20Search%20%7C%20Browse&text=(July%206%2C%202010)%20On,connection" +"%20100%20MBPS%20by%202015.\">Finland declared broadband a human right in " +"2010</ulink>), and real-world activism was shoe-leather activism (think of " +"Malcolm Gladwell’s <ulink url=\"https://www.newyorker.com/" +"magazine/2010/10/04/small-change-malcolm-gladwell\">contempt for " +"<quote>clicktivism</quote></ulink>). But as tech has grown more central to " +"our daily lives, these accusations of irrelevance have given way first to " "accusations of insincerity (<quote>You only care about tech because you’re " -"<ulink " -"url=\"https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2018/06/04/report-engine-eff-shills-google-patent-reform/id=98007/\">shilling " -"for tech companies</ulink></quote>) to accusations of negligence (<quote>Why " -"didn’t you foresee that tech could be such a destructive force?</quote>). " -"But digital rights activism is right where it’s always been: looking out for " -"the humans in a world where tech is inexorably taking over." +"<ulink url=\"https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2018/06/04/report-engine-eff-shills-" +"google-patent-reform/id=98007/\">shilling for tech companies</ulink></" +"quote>) to accusations of negligence (<quote>Why didn’t you foresee that " +"tech could be such a destructive force?</quote>). But digital rights " +"activism is right where it’s always been: looking out for the humans in a " +"world where tech is inexorably taking over." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:280 msgid "" "The latest version of this critique comes in the form of <quote>surveillance " "capitalism,</quote> a term coined by business professor Shoshana Zuboff in " "her long and influential 2019 book, <emphasis>The Age of Surveillance " -"Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of " -"Power</emphasis>. Zuboff argues that <quote>surveillance capitalism</quote> " -"is a unique creature of the tech industry and that it is unlike any other " -"abusive commercial practice in history, one that is <quote>constituted by " -"unexpected and often illegible mechanisms of extraction, commodification, " -"and control that effectively exile persons from their own behavior while " -"producing new markets of behavioral prediction and " -"modification. Surveillance capitalism challenges democratic norms and " -"departs in key ways from the centuries-long evolution of market " -"capitalism.</quote> It is a new and deadly form of capitalism, a " -"<quote>rogue capitalism,</quote> and our lack of understanding of its unique " -"capabilities and dangers represents an existential, species-wide " -"threat. She’s right that capitalism today threatens our species, and she’s " -"right that tech poses unique challenges to our species and civilization, but " -"she’s really wrong about how tech is different and why it threatens our " -"species." -msgstr "" - -#. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:301 +"Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power</" +"emphasis>. Zuboff argues that <quote>surveillance capitalism</quote> is a " +"unique creature of the tech industry and that it is unlike any other abusive " +"commercial practice in history, one that is <quote>constituted by unexpected " +"and often illegible mechanisms of extraction, commodification, and control " +"that effectively exile persons from their own behavior while producing new " +"markets of behavioral prediction and modification. Surveillance capitalism " +"challenges democratic norms and departs in key ways from the centuries-long " +"evolution of market capitalism.</quote> It is a new and deadly form of " +"capitalism, a <quote>rogue capitalism,</quote> and our lack of understanding " +"of its unique capabilities and dangers represents an existential, species-" +"wide threat. She’s right that capitalism today threatens our species, and " +"she’s right that tech poses unique challenges to our species and " +"civilization, but she’s really wrong about how tech is different and why it " +"threatens our species." +msgstr "" + +#. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" "What’s more, I think that her incorrect diagnosis will lead us down a path " "that ends up making Big Tech stronger, not weaker. We need to take down Big " @@ -423,12 +370,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:307 msgid "Tech exceptionalism, then and now" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:309 msgid "" "Early critics of the digital rights movement — perhaps best represented by " "campaigning organizations like the Electronic Frontier Foundation, the Free " @@ -445,18 +390,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:324 msgid "" "In the decades since, accusations of <quote>tech exceptionalism</quote> have " "only sharpened as tech’s role in everyday life has expanded: Now that tech " "has infiltrated every corner of our life and our online lives have been " "monopolized by a handful of giants, defenders of digital freedoms are " -"accused of carrying water for Big Tech, providing cover for its " -"self-interested negligence (or worse, nefarious plots)." +"accused of carrying water for Big Tech, providing cover for its self-" +"interested negligence (or worse, nefarious plots)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:332 msgid "" "From my perspective, the digital rights movement has remained stationary " "while the rest of the world has moved. From the earliest days, the " @@ -469,28 +412,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:343 msgid "" "The <quote>surveillance capitalism</quote> critique recasts the digital " "rights movement in a new light again: not as alarmists who overestimate the " -"importance of their shiny toys nor as shills for big tech but as serene " -"deck-chair rearrangers whose long-standing activism is a liability because " -"it makes them incapable of perceiving novel threats as they continue to " -"fight the last century’s tech battles." +"importance of their shiny toys nor as shills for big tech but as serene deck-" +"chair rearrangers whose long-standing activism is a liability because it " +"makes them incapable of perceiving novel threats as they continue to fight " +"the last century’s tech battles." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:351 msgid "But tech exceptionalism is a sin no matter who practices it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:354 msgid "Don’t believe the hype" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:356 msgid "" "You’ve probably heard that <quote>if you’re not paying for the product, " "you’re the product.</quote> As we’ll see below, that’s true, if incomplete. " @@ -502,7 +441,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:366 msgid "" "The fear of surveillance capitalism starts from the (correct) presumption " "that everything Big Tech says about itself is probably a lie. But the " @@ -516,7 +454,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:378 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism assumes that because advertisers buy a lot of what " "Big Tech is selling, Big Tech must be selling something real. But Big Tech’s " @@ -526,7 +463,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:385 msgid "" "Being watched changes your behavior, and not for the better. It creates " "risks for our social progress. Zuboff’s book features beautifully wrought " @@ -541,21 +477,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:399 msgid "What is persuasion?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:401 msgid "" "To understand why you shouldn’t worry about mind-control rays — but why you " -"<emphasis>should</emphasis> worry about surveillance " -"<emphasis>and</emphasis> Big Tech — we must start by unpacking what we mean " -"by <quote>persuasion.</quote>" +"<emphasis>should</emphasis> worry about surveillance <emphasis>and</" +"emphasis> Big Tech — we must start by unpacking what we mean by " +"<quote>persuasion.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:407 msgid "" "Google, Facebook, and other surveillance capitalists promise their customers " "(the advertisers) that if they use machine-learning tools trained on " @@ -566,14 +499,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:416 msgid "" "The impact of dominance far exceeds the impact of manipulation and should be " "central to our analysis and any remedies we seek." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:421 msgid "" "But there’s little evidence that this is happening. Instead, the predictions " "that surveillance capitalism delivers to its customers are much less " @@ -583,12 +514,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:428 msgid "1. Segmenting" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:430 msgid "" "If you’re selling diapers, you have better luck if you pitch them to people " "in maternity wards. Not everyone who enters or leaves a maternity ward just " @@ -600,18 +529,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:441 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism is segmenting times a billion. Diaper vendors can go " "way beyond people in maternity wards (though they can do that, too, with " "things like location-based mobile ads). They can target you based on " "whether you’re reading articles about child-rearing, diapers, or a host of " "other subjects, and data mining can suggest unobvious keywords to advertise " -"against. They can target you based on the articles you’ve recently " -"read. They can target you based on what you’ve recently purchased. They can " -"target you based on whether you receive emails or private messages about " -"these subjects — or even if you speak aloud about them (though Facebook and " -"the like convincingly claim that’s not happening — yet)." +"against. They can target you based on the articles you’ve recently read. " +"They can target you based on what you’ve recently purchased. They can target " +"you based on whether you receive emails or private messages about these " +"subjects — or even if you speak aloud about them (though Facebook and the " +"like convincingly claim that’s not happening — yet)." msgstr "" "Le capitalisme de surveillance se segmente par milliard. Les vendeurs de " "couches peuvent aller bien au-delà des personnes dans les maternités (bien " @@ -627,22 +555,18 @@ msgstr "" "manière convaincante que cela ne se produit pas encore)." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:455 msgid "This is seriously creepy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:458 msgid "But it’s not mind control." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:461 msgid "It doesn’t deprive you of your free will. It doesn’t trick you." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:464 msgid "" "Think of how surveillance capitalism works in politics. Surveillance " "capitalist companies sell political operatives the power to locate people " @@ -655,7 +579,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:475 msgid "" "But this is an inexact and thus wasteful practice. The union organizer can’t " "know which worker to approach on the way out of the factory gates and may " @@ -667,7 +590,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:485 msgid "" "Because targeting improves the yields on political pitches, it can " "accelerate the pace of political upheaval by making it possible for everyone " @@ -680,7 +602,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:496 msgid "" "It’s important to differentiate this kind of political organizing from " "influence campaigns; finding people who secretly agree with you isn’t the " @@ -692,7 +613,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:505 msgid "" "But the personal accounts of those who have come out tell a different story " "where people who long harbored a secret about their gender were emboldened " @@ -703,12 +623,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:514 msgid "2. Deception" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:516 msgid "" "Lies and fraud are pernicious, and surveillance capitalism supercharges them " "through targeting. If you want to sell a fraudulent payday loan or subprime " @@ -722,19 +640,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:528 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism also abets fraud by making it easy to locate other " "people who have been similarly deceived, forming a community of people who " -"reinforce one another’s false beliefs. Think of <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.vulture.com/2020/01/the-dream-podcast-review.html\">the " -"forums</ulink> where people who are being victimized by multilevel marketing " -"frauds gather to trade tips on how to improve their luck in peddling the " -"product." +"reinforce one another’s false beliefs. Think of <ulink url=\"https://www." +"vulture.com/2020/01/the-dream-podcast-review.html\">the forums</ulink> where " +"people who are being victimized by multilevel marketing frauds gather to " +"trade tips on how to improve their luck in peddling the product." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:538 msgid "" "Sometimes, online deception involves replacing someone’s correct beliefs " "with incorrect ones, as it does in the anti-vaccination movement, whose " @@ -744,7 +659,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:545 msgid "" "But it’s much more common for fraud to succeed when it doesn’t have to " "displace a true belief. When my daughter contracted head lice at daycare, " @@ -757,30 +671,26 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:556 msgid "" "This is pernicious and difficult — and it’s also the kind of thing the " "internet can help guard against by making true information available, " "especially in a form that exposes the underlying deliberations among parties " "with sharply divergent views, such as Wikipedia. But it’s not brainwashing; " -"it’s fraud. In the <ulink " -"url=\"https://datasociety.net/library/data-voids/\">majority of " -"cases</ulink>, the victims of these fraud campaigns have an informational " -"void filled in the customary way, by consulting a seemingly reliable " -"source. If I look up the length of the Brooklyn Bridge and learn that it is " -"5,800 feet long, but in reality, it is 5,989 feet long, the underlying " -"deception is a problem, but it’s a problem with a simple remedy. It’s a very " -"different problem from the anti-vax issue in which someone’s true belief is " -"displaced by a false one by means of sophisticated persuasion." +"it’s fraud. In the <ulink url=\"https://datasociety.net/library/data-voids/" +"\">majority of cases</ulink>, the victims of these fraud campaigns have an " +"informational void filled in the customary way, by consulting a seemingly " +"reliable source. If I look up the length of the Brooklyn Bridge and learn " +"that it is 5,800 feet long, but in reality, it is 5,989 feet long, the " +"underlying deception is a problem, but it’s a problem with a simple remedy. " +"It’s a very different problem from the anti-vax issue in which someone’s " +"true belief is displaced by a false one by means of sophisticated persuasion." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:573 msgid "3. Domination" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:575 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalism is the result of monopoly. Monopoly is the cause, " "and surveillance capitalism and its negative outcomes are the effects of " @@ -791,7 +701,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:584 msgid "" "One example of how monopolism aids in persuasion is through dominance: " "Google makes editorial decisions about its algorithms that determine the " @@ -806,7 +715,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:597 msgid "" "Google’s dominance over search — more than 86% of web searches are performed " "through Google — means that the way it orders its search results has an " @@ -820,28 +728,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:609 msgid "" "Zuboff calls surveillance capitalism a <quote>rogue capitalism</quote> whose " "data-hoarding and machine-learning techniques rob us of our free will. But " "influence campaigns that seek to displace existing, correct beliefs with " "false ones have an effect that is small and temporary while monopolistic " -"dominance over informational systems has massive, enduring " -"effects. Controlling the results to the world’s search queries means " -"controlling access both to arguments and their rebuttals and, thus, control " -"over much of the world’s beliefs. If our concern is how corporations are " -"foreclosing on our ability to make up our own minds and determine our own " -"futures, the impact of dominance far exceeds the impact of manipulation and " -"should be central to our analysis and any remedies we seek." +"dominance over informational systems has massive, enduring effects. " +"Controlling the results to the world’s search queries means controlling " +"access both to arguments and their rebuttals and, thus, control over much of " +"the world’s beliefs. If our concern is how corporations are foreclosing on " +"our ability to make up our own minds and determine our own futures, the " +"impact of dominance far exceeds the impact of manipulation and should be " +"central to our analysis and any remedies we seek." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:624 msgid "4. Bypassing our rational faculties" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:626 msgid "" "<emphasis>This</emphasis> is the good stuff: using machine learning, " "<quote>dark patterns,</quote> engagement hacking, and other techniques to " @@ -850,22 +755,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:632 msgid "" "Some of these techniques have proven devastatingly effective (if only in the " "short term). The use of countdown timers on a purchase completion page can " "create a sense of urgency that causes you to ignore the nagging internal " "voice suggesting that you should shop around or sleep on your decision. The " -"use of people from your social graph in ads can provide <quote>social " -"proof</quote> that a purchase is worth making. Even the auction system " -"pioneered by eBay is calculated to play on our cognitive blind spots, " -"letting us feel like we <quote>own</quote> something because we bid on it, " -"thus encouraging us to bid again when we are outbid to ensure that " -"<quote>our</quote> things stay ours." +"use of people from your social graph in ads can provide <quote>social proof</" +"quote> that a purchase is worth making. Even the auction system pioneered by " +"eBay is calculated to play on our cognitive blind spots, letting us feel " +"like we <quote>own</quote> something because we bid on it, thus encouraging " +"us to bid again when we are outbid to ensure that <quote>our</quote> things " +"stay ours." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:645 msgid "" "Games are extraordinarily good at this. <quote>Free to play</quote> games " "manipulate us through many techniques, such as presenting players with a " @@ -878,19 +781,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:656 msgid "" -"Companies have risen and fallen on these techniques, and the " -"<quote>fallen</quote> part is worth paying attention to. In general, living " -"things adapt to stimulus: Something that is very compelling or noteworthy " -"when you first encounter it fades with repetition until you stop noticing it " -"altogether. Consider the refrigerator hum that irritates you when it starts " -"up but disappears into the background so thoroughly that you only notice it " -"when it stops again." +"Companies have risen and fallen on these techniques, and the <quote>fallen</" +"quote> part is worth paying attention to. In general, living things adapt to " +"stimulus: Something that is very compelling or noteworthy when you first " +"encounter it fades with repetition until you stop noticing it altogether. " +"Consider the refrigerator hum that irritates you when it starts up but " +"disappears into the background so thoroughly that you only notice it when it " +"stops again." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:666 msgid "" "That’s why behavioral conditioning uses <quote>intermittent reinforcement " "schedules.</quote> Instead of giving you a steady drip of encouragement or " @@ -900,7 +801,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:674 msgid "" "Intermittent reinforcement is a powerful behavioral tool, but it also " "represents a collective action problem for surveillance capitalism. The " @@ -909,31 +809,28 @@ msgid "" "so that what starts as a mysteriously compelling fillip in the design of a " "service—like <quote>pull to refresh</quote> or alerts when someone likes " "your posts or side quests that your characters get invited to while in the " -"midst of main quests—quickly becomes dully ubiquitous. The " -"impossible-to-nail-down nonpattern of randomized drips from your phone " -"becomes a grey-noise wall of sound as every single app and site starts to " -"make use of whatever seems to be working at the time." +"midst of main quests—quickly becomes dully ubiquitous. The impossible-to-" +"nail-down nonpattern of randomized drips from your phone becomes a grey-" +"noise wall of sound as every single app and site starts to make use of " +"whatever seems to be working at the time." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:689 msgid "" "From the surveillance capitalist’s point of view, our adaptive capacity is " "like a harmful bacterium that deprives it of its food source — our attention " "— and novel techniques for snagging that attention are like new antibiotics " -"that can be used to breach our defenses and destroy our " -"self-determination. And there <emphasis>are</emphasis> techniques like " -"that. Who can forget the Great Zynga Epidemic, when all of our friends were " -"caught in <emphasis>FarmVille</emphasis>’s endless, mindless dopamine loops? " -"But every new attention-commanding technique is jumped on by the whole " -"industry and used so indiscriminately that antibiotic resistance sets " -"in. Given enough repetition, almost all of us develop immunity to even the " -"most powerful techniques — by 2013, two years after Zynga’s peak, its user " -"base had halved." +"that can be used to breach our defenses and destroy our self-determination. " +"And there <emphasis>are</emphasis> techniques like that. Who can forget the " +"Great Zynga Epidemic, when all of our friends were caught in " +"<emphasis>FarmVille</emphasis>’s endless, mindless dopamine loops? But every " +"new attention-commanding technique is jumped on by the whole industry and " +"used so indiscriminately that antibiotic resistance sets in. Given enough " +"repetition, almost all of us develop immunity to even the most powerful " +"techniques — by 2013, two years after Zynga’s peak, its user base had halved." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:704 msgid "" "Not everyone, of course. Some people never adapt to stimulus, just as some " "people never stop hearing the hum of the refrigerator. This is why most " @@ -944,18 +841,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:712 msgid "" -"But surveillance capitalism’s margins on behavioral modification " -"suck. Tripling the rate at which someone buys a widget sounds great <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/priceonomics/2018/03/09/the-advertising-conversion-rates-for-every-major-tech-platform/#2f6a67485957\">unless " -"the base rate is way less than 1%</ulink> with an improved rate of… still " -"less than 1%. Even penny slot machines pull down pennies for every spin " -"while surveillance capitalism rakes in infinitesimal penny fractions." +"But surveillance capitalism’s margins on behavioral modification suck. " +"Tripling the rate at which someone buys a widget sounds great <ulink url=" +"\"https://www.forbes.com/sites/priceonomics/2018/03/09/the-advertising-" +"conversion-rates-for-every-major-tech-platform/#2f6a67485957\">unless the " +"base rate is way less than 1%</ulink> with an improved rate of… still less " +"than 1%. Even penny slot machines pull down pennies for every spin while " +"surveillance capitalism rakes in infinitesimal penny fractions." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:722 msgid "" "Slot machines’ high returns mean that they can be profitable just by " "draining the fortunes of the small rump of people who are pathologically " @@ -974,7 +870,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:740 msgid "" "The vulnerability of small segments of the population to dramatic, efficient " "corporate manipulation is a real concern that’s worthy of our attention and " @@ -982,12 +877,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:747 -msgid "If data is the new oil, then surveillance capitalism’s engine has a leak" +msgid "" +"If data is the new oil, then surveillance capitalism’s engine has a leak" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:750 msgid "" "This adaptation problem offers an explanation for one of surveillance " "capitalism’s most alarming traits: its relentless hunger for data and its " @@ -997,7 +891,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:757 msgid "" "Zuboff observes this phenomenon and concludes that data must be very " "valuable if surveillance capitalism is so hungry for it. (In her words: " @@ -1014,14 +907,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:772 msgid "" "Of course, all of Big Tech’s persuasion techniques work in concert with one " "another, and collecting data is useful beyond mere behavioral trickery." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:777 msgid "" "If someone wants to recruit you to buy a refrigerator or join a pogrom, they " "might use profiling and targeting to send messages to people they judge to " @@ -1037,7 +928,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:791 msgid "" "Each phase of this process benefits from surveillance: The more data they " "have, the more precisely they can profile you and target you with specific " @@ -1047,7 +937,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:798 msgid "" "Also, the more data they have, the better they can craft deceptive messages " "— if I know that you’re into genealogy, I might not try to feed you " @@ -1057,19 +946,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:805 msgid "" "Facebook also helps you locate people who have the same odious or antisocial " "views as you. It makes it possible to find other people who want to carry " -"tiki torches through the streets of Charlottesville in Confederate " -"cosplay. It can help you find other people who want to join your militia and " -"go to the border to look for undocumented migrants to terrorize. It can help " -"you find people who share your belief that vaccines are poison and that the " +"tiki torches through the streets of Charlottesville in Confederate cosplay. " +"It can help you find other people who want to join your militia and go to " +"the border to look for undocumented migrants to terrorize. It can help you " +"find people who share your belief that vaccines are poison and that the " "Earth is flat." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:815 msgid "" "There is one way in which targeted advertising uniquely benefits those " "advocating for socially unacceptable causes: It is invisible. Racism is " @@ -1085,7 +972,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:830 msgid "" "But even if you wanted to advertise your Nazi movement on a billboard or " "prime-time TV or the sports section, you would struggle to find anyone " @@ -1095,7 +981,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:838 msgid "" "Targeted ads solve this problem: On the internet, every ad unit can be " "different for every person, meaning that you can buy ads that are only shown " @@ -1108,7 +993,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:849 msgid "" "Online ads are placed by algorithms that broker between a diverse ecosystem " "of self-serve ad platforms that anyone can buy an ad through, so the Nazi ad " @@ -1116,14 +1000,13 @@ msgid "" "failing but rather as a failure in some distant, upstream ad supplier. When " "a publication gets a complaint about an offensive ad that’s appearing in one " "of its units, it can take some steps to block that ad, but the Nazi might " -"buy a slightly different ad from a different broker serving the same " -"unit. And in any event, internet users increasingly understand that when " -"they see an ad, it’s likely that the advertiser did not choose that " -"publication and that the publication has no idea who its advertisers are." +"buy a slightly different ad from a different broker serving the same unit. " +"And in any event, internet users increasingly understand that when they see " +"an ad, it’s likely that the advertiser did not choose that publication and " +"that the publication has no idea who its advertisers are." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:863 msgid "" "These layers of indirection between advertisers and publishers serve as " "moral buffers: Today’s moral consensus is largely that publishers shouldn’t " @@ -1133,7 +1016,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:871 msgid "" "Data has a complex relationship with domination. Being able to spy on your " "customers can alert you to their preferences for your rivals and allow you " @@ -1141,7 +1023,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:876 msgid "" "More importantly, if you can dominate the information space while also " "gathering data, then you make other deceptive tactics stronger because it’s " @@ -1152,7 +1033,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:885 msgid "" "If you’re a Nazi who wants to ensure that your prospects primarily see " "deceptive, confirming information when they search for more, you can improve " @@ -1164,7 +1044,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:894 msgid "" "Surveillance capitalists are like stage mentalists who claim that their " "extraordinary insights into human behavior let them guess the word that you " @@ -1173,18 +1052,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:901 msgid "" "Or perhaps they’re more like pick-up artists, the misogynistic cult that " "promises to help awkward men have sex with women by teaching them " "<quote>neurolinguistic programming</quote> phrases, body language " -"techniques, and psychological manipulation tactics like " -"<quote>negging</quote> — offering unsolicited negative feedback to women to " -"lower their self-esteem and prick their interest." +"techniques, and psychological manipulation tactics like <quote>negging</" +"quote> — offering unsolicited negative feedback to women to lower their self-" +"esteem and prick their interest." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:909 msgid "" "Some pick-up artists eventually manage to convince women to go home with " "them, but it’s not because these men have figured out how to bypass women’s " @@ -1197,7 +1074,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:920 msgid "" "Pick-up artists <emphasis>believe</emphasis> they have figured out a secret " "back door that bypasses women’s critical faculties, but they haven’t. Many " @@ -1208,27 +1084,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:929 msgid "" "Pick-up artists are proof that people can believe they have developed a " -"system of mind control <emphasis>even when it doesn’t " -"work</emphasis>. Pick-up artists simply exploit the fact that " -"one-in-a-million chances can come through for you if you make a million " -"attempts, and then they assume that the other 999,999 times, they simply " -"performed the technique incorrectly and commit themselves to doing better " -"next time. There’s only one group of people who find pick-up artist lore " -"reliably convincing: other would-be pick-up artists whose anxiety and " -"insecurity make them vulnerable to scammers and delusional men who convince " -"them that if they pay for tutelage and follow instructions, then they will " -"someday succeed. Pick-up artists assume they fail to entice women because " -"they are bad at being pick-up artists, not because pick-up artistry is " -"bullshit. Pick-up artists are bad at selling themselves to women, but " -"they’re much better at selling themselves to men who pay to learn the " -"secrets of pick-up artistry." +"system of mind control <emphasis>even when it doesn’t work</emphasis>. Pick-" +"up artists simply exploit the fact that one-in-a-million chances can come " +"through for you if you make a million attempts, and then they assume that " +"the other 999,999 times, they simply performed the technique incorrectly and " +"commit themselves to doing better next time. There’s only one group of " +"people who find pick-up artist lore reliably convincing: other would-be pick-" +"up artists whose anxiety and insecurity make them vulnerable to scammers and " +"delusional men who convince them that if they pay for tutelage and follow " +"instructions, then they will someday succeed. Pick-up artists assume they " +"fail to entice women because they are bad at being pick-up artists, not " +"because pick-up artistry is bullshit. Pick-up artists are bad at selling " +"themselves to women, but they’re much better at selling themselves to men " +"who pay to learn the secrets of pick-up artistry." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:947 msgid "" "Department store pioneer John Wanamaker is said to have lamented, " "<quote>Half the money I spend on advertising is wasted; the trouble is I " @@ -1240,12 +1113,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:957 msgid "What is Facebook?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:959 msgid "" "Facebook is heralded as the origin of all of our modern plagues, and it’s " "not hard to see why. Some tech companies want to lock their users in but " @@ -1259,7 +1130,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:971 msgid "" "Facebook’s surveillance regime is really without parallel in the Western " "world. Though Facebook tries to prevent itself from being visible on the " @@ -1274,14 +1144,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:985 msgid "" "Big Tech is able to practice surveillance not just because it is tech but " "because it is <emphasis>big</emphasis>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:990 msgid "" "Facebook offers similar tools to app developers, so the apps — games, fart " "machines, business review services, apps for keeping abreast of your kid’s " @@ -1295,7 +1163,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1001 msgid "" "Though it’s easy to integrate the web with Facebook — linking to news " "stories and such — Facebook products are generally not available to be " @@ -1309,7 +1176,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1013 msgid "" "And Facebook is incredibly popular, with 2.3 billion claimed users (though " "many believe this figure to be inflated). Facebook has been used to organize " @@ -1322,14 +1188,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1024 msgid "" "To understand what role Facebook plays in the formulation and mobilization " "of antisocial movements, we need to understand the dual nature of Facebook." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1029 msgid "" "Because it has a lot of users and a lot of data about those users, Facebook " "is a very efficient tool for locating people with hard-to-find traits, the " @@ -1346,24 +1210,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1044 msgid "" -"Facebook makes finding people shopping for refrigerators a " -"<emphasis>lot</emphasis> easier. It can target ads to people who’ve " -"registered a new home purchase, to people who’ve searched for refrigerator " -"buying advice, to people who have complained about their fridge dying, or " -"any combination thereof. It can even target people who’ve recently bought " -"<emphasis>other</emphasis> kitchen appliances on the theory that someone " -"who’s just replaced their stove and dishwasher might be in a fridge-buying " -"kind of mood. The vast majority of people who are reached by these ads will " -"not be in the market for a new fridge, but — crucially — the percentage of " -"people who <emphasis>are</emphasis> looking for fridges that these ads reach " -"is <emphasis>much</emphasis> larger than it is than for any group that might " -"be subjected to traditional, offline targeted refrigerator marketing." +"Facebook makes finding people shopping for refrigerators a <emphasis>lot</" +"emphasis> easier. It can target ads to people who’ve registered a new home " +"purchase, to people who’ve searched for refrigerator buying advice, to " +"people who have complained about their fridge dying, or any combination " +"thereof. It can even target people who’ve recently bought <emphasis>other</" +"emphasis> kitchen appliances on the theory that someone who’s just replaced " +"their stove and dishwasher might be in a fridge-buying kind of mood. The " +"vast majority of people who are reached by these ads will not be in the " +"market for a new fridge, but — crucially — the percentage of people who " +"<emphasis>are</emphasis> looking for fridges that these ads reach is " +"<emphasis>much</emphasis> larger than it is than for any group that might be " +"subjected to traditional, offline targeted refrigerator marketing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1060 msgid "" "Facebook also makes it a lot easier to find people who have the same rare " "disease as you, which might have been impossible in earlier eras — the " @@ -1374,7 +1236,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1068 msgid "" "Facebook also makes it much easier to find people who hold the same rare " "political beliefs as you. If you’ve always harbored a secret affinity for " @@ -1389,7 +1250,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1081 msgid "" "All of this presents a dilemma for Facebook: Targeting makes the company’s " "ads more effective than traditional ads, but it also lets advertisers see " @@ -1403,18 +1263,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1092 msgid "" -"To make things worse, many Facebook groups spark precious little " -"discussion. Your little-league soccer team, the people with the same rare " -"disease as you, and the people you share a political affinity with may " -"exchange the odd flurry of messages at critical junctures, but on a daily " -"basis, there’s not much to say to your old high school chums or other " -"hockey-card collectors." +"To make things worse, many Facebook groups spark precious little discussion. " +"Your little-league soccer team, the people with the same rare disease as " +"you, and the people you share a political affinity with may exchange the odd " +"flurry of messages at critical junctures, but on a daily basis, there’s not " +"much to say to your old high school chums or other hockey-card collectors." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1100 msgid "" "With nothing but <quote>organic</quote> discussion, Facebook would not " "generate enough traffic to sell enough ads to make the money it needs to " @@ -1423,7 +1280,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1106 msgid "" "So Facebook has to gin up traffic by sidetracking its own forums: Every time " "Facebook’s algorithm injects controversial materials — inflammatory " @@ -1436,7 +1292,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1117 msgid "" "Facebook <emphasis>can</emphasis> modify our behavior but only in a couple " "of trivial ways. First, it can lock in all your friends and family members " @@ -1449,19 +1304,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1128 msgid "" "This is why Facebook’s targeting systems — both the ones it shows to " "advertisers and the ones that let users find people who share their " "interests — are so next-gen and smooth and easy to use as well as why its " "message boards have a toolset that seems like it hasn’t changed since the " -"mid-2000s. If Facebook delivered an equally flexible, sophisticated " -"message-reading system to its users, those users could defend themselves " -"against being nonconsensually eyeball-fucked with Donald Trump headlines." +"mid-2000s. If Facebook delivered an equally flexible, sophisticated message-" +"reading system to its users, those users could defend themselves against " +"being nonconsensually eyeball-fucked with Donald Trump headlines." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1138 msgid "" "The more time you spend on Facebook, the more ads it gets to show you. The " "solution to Facebook’s ads only working one in a thousand times is for the " @@ -1475,12 +1328,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1150 msgid "Monopoly and the right to the future tense" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1152 msgid "" "Zuboff and her cohort are particularly alarmed at the extent to which " "surveillance allows corporations to influence our decisions, taking away " @@ -1489,7 +1340,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1159 msgid "" "It’s true that advertising can tip the scales one way or another: When " "you’re thinking of buying a fridge, a timely fridge ad might end the search " @@ -1502,18 +1352,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1170 msgid "" "By contrast, Zuboff is rather sanguine about 40 years of lax antitrust " "practice that has allowed a handful of companies to dominate the internet, " -"ushering in an information age with, <ulink " -"url=\"https://twitter.com/tveastman/status/1069674780826071040\">as one " -"person on Twitter noted</ulink>, five giant websites each filled with " -"screenshots of the other four." +"ushering in an information age with, <ulink url=\"https://twitter.com/" +"tveastman/status/1069674780826071040\">as one person on Twitter noted</" +"ulink>, five giant websites each filled with screenshots of the other four." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1178 msgid "" "However, if we are to be alarmed that we might lose the right to choose for " "ourselves what our future will hold, then monopoly’s nonspeculative, " @@ -1522,7 +1369,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1184 msgid "" "Start with <quote>digital rights management.</quote> In 1998, Bill Clinton " "signed the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) into law. It’s a complex " @@ -1531,7 +1377,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1190 msgid "" "This is a blanket ban on tampering with systems that restrict access to " "copyrighted works. The ban is so thoroughgoing that it prohibits removing a " @@ -1542,7 +1387,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1198 msgid "" "For example, Section 1201’s first major application was on DVD players as a " "means of enforcing the region coding built into those devices. DVD-CCA, the " @@ -1556,18 +1400,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1210 msgid "" "However, watching a lawfully produced disc in a country other than the one " -"where you purchased it is not copyright infringement — it’s the " -"opposite. Copyright law imposes this duty on customers for a movie: You must " -"go into a store, find a licensed disc, and pay the asking price. Do that — " -"and <emphasis>nothing else</emphasis> — and you and copyright are square " -"with one another." +"where you purchased it is not copyright infringement — it’s the opposite. " +"Copyright law imposes this duty on customers for a movie: You must go into a " +"store, find a licensed disc, and pay the asking price. Do that — and " +"<emphasis>nothing else</emphasis> — and you and copyright are square with " +"one another." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1218 msgid "" "The fact that a movie studio wants to charge Indians less than Americans or " "release in Australia later than it releases in the U.K. has no bearing on " @@ -1576,7 +1418,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1225 msgid "" "So DVD and DVD player manufacturers would not be able to use accusations of " "abetting copyright infringement to punish manufacturers who made " @@ -1586,17 +1427,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1233 msgid "" "That’s where Section 1201 of the DMCA comes in: By banning tampering with an " "<quote>access control,</quote> the rule gave manufacturers and rights " "holders standing to sue competitors who released superior products with " -"lawful features that the market demanded (in this case, region-free " -"players)." +"lawful features that the market demanded (in this case, region-free players)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1240 msgid "" "This is an odious scam against consumers, but as time went by, Section 1201 " "grew to encompass a rapidly expanding constellation of devices and services " @@ -1604,14 +1442,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1248 msgid "" "Any device with software in it contains a <quote>copyrighted work</quote> — " "i.e., the software." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1254 msgid "" "A device can be designed so that reconfiguring the software requires " "bypassing an <quote>access control for copyrighted works,</quote> which is a " @@ -1619,7 +1455,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><itemizedlist><listitem><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1261 msgid "" "Thus, companies can control their customers’ behavior after they take home " "their purchases by designing products so that all unpermitted uses require " @@ -1627,7 +1462,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1269 msgid "" "Section 1201 then becomes a means for manufacturers of all descriptions to " "force their customers to arrange their affairs to benefit the manufacturers’ " @@ -1635,7 +1469,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1274 msgid "" "This manifests in many ways: from a new generation of inkjet printers that " "use countermeasures to prevent third-party ink that cannot be bypassed " @@ -1646,12 +1479,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1283 msgid "" -"Closer to home, Apple’s iPhones use these measures to prevent both " -"third-party service and third-party software installation. This allows Apple " -"to decide when an iPhone is beyond repair and must be shredded and " -"landfilled as opposed to the iPhone’s purchaser. (Apple is notorious for its " +"Closer to home, Apple’s iPhones use these measures to prevent both third-" +"party service and third-party software installation. This allows Apple to " +"decide when an iPhone is beyond repair and must be shredded and landfilled " +"as opposed to the iPhone’s purchaser. (Apple is notorious for its " "environmentally catastrophic policy of destroying old electronics rather " "than permitting them to be cannibalized for parts.) This is a very useful " "power to wield, especially in light of CEO Tim Cook’s January 2019 warning " @@ -1660,7 +1492,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1296 msgid "" "Apple’s use of copyright locks also allows it to establish a monopoly over " "how its customers acquire software for their mobile devices. The App Store’s " @@ -1672,70 +1503,64 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1306 msgid "" "Crucially, Apple’s use of copyright locks gives it the power to make " "editorial decisions about which apps you may and may not install on your own " -"device. Apple has used this power to <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/apple/5982243/Apple-bans-dictionary-from-App-Store-over-swear-words.html\">reject " -"dictionaries</ulink> for containing obscene words; to <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/538kan/apple-just-banned-the-app-that-tracks-us-drone-strikes-again\">limit " -"political speech</ulink>, especially from apps that make sensitive political " -"commentary such as an app that notifies you every time a U.S. drone kills " -"someone somewhere in the world; and to <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2016-05-19-palestinian-indie-game-must-not-be-called-a-game-apple-says\">object " -"to a game</ulink> that commented on the Israel-Palestine conflict." +"device. Apple has used this power to <ulink url=\"https://www.telegraph.co." +"uk/technology/apple/5982243/Apple-bans-dictionary-from-App-Store-over-swear-" +"words.html\">reject dictionaries</ulink> for containing obscene words; to " +"<ulink url=\"https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/538kan/apple-just-banned-the-" +"app-that-tracks-us-drone-strikes-again\">limit political speech</ulink>, " +"especially from apps that make sensitive political commentary such as an app " +"that notifies you every time a U.S. drone kills someone somewhere in the " +"world; and to <ulink url=\"https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2016-05-19-" +"palestinian-indie-game-must-not-be-called-a-game-apple-says\">object to a " +"game</ulink> that commented on the Israel-Palestine conflict." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1319 msgid "" "Apple often justifies monopoly power over software installation in the name " "of security, arguing that its vetting of apps for its store means that it " "can guard its users against apps that contain surveillance code. But this " -"cuts both ways. In China, the government <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.ft.com/content/ad42e536-cf36-11e7-b781-794ce08b24dc\">ordered " -"Apple to prohibit the sale of privacy tools</ulink> like VPNs with the " -"exception of VPNs that had deliberately introduced flaws designed to let the " -"Chinese state eavesdrop on users. Because Apple uses technological " -"countermeasures — with legal backstops — to block customers from installing " -"unauthorized apps, Chinese iPhone owners cannot readily (or legally) acquire " -"VPNs that would protect them from Chinese state snooping." +"cuts both ways. In China, the government <ulink url=\"https://www.ft.com/" +"content/ad42e536-cf36-11e7-b781-794ce08b24dc\">ordered Apple to prohibit the " +"sale of privacy tools</ulink> like VPNs with the exception of VPNs that had " +"deliberately introduced flaws designed to let the Chinese state eavesdrop on " +"users. Because Apple uses technological countermeasures — with legal " +"backstops — to block customers from installing unauthorized apps, Chinese " +"iPhone owners cannot readily (or legally) acquire VPNs that would protect " +"them from Chinese state snooping." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1333 msgid "" "Zuboff calls surveillance capitalism a <quote>rogue capitalism.</quote> " -"Theoreticians of capitalism claim that its virtue is that it <ulink " -"url=\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_signal\">aggregates information in " -"the form of consumers’ decisions</ulink>, producing efficient " -"markets. Surveillance capitalism’s supposed power to rob its victims of " -"their free will through computationally supercharged influence campaigns " -"means that our markets no longer aggregate customers’ decisions because we " -"customers no longer decide — we are given orders by surveillance " -"capitalism’s mind-control rays." +"Theoreticians of capitalism claim that its virtue is that it <ulink url=" +"\"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_signal\">aggregates information in the " +"form of consumers’ decisions</ulink>, producing efficient markets. " +"Surveillance capitalism’s supposed power to rob its victims of their free " +"will through computationally supercharged influence campaigns means that our " +"markets no longer aggregate customers’ decisions because we customers no " +"longer decide — we are given orders by surveillance capitalism’s mind-" +"control rays." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1344 msgid "" "If our concern is that markets cease to function when consumers can no " "longer make choices, then copyright locks should concern us at " "<emphasis>least</emphasis> as much as influence campaigns. An influence " "campaign might nudge you to buy a certain brand of phone; but the copyright " "locks on that phone absolutely determine where you get it serviced, which " -"apps can run on it, and when you have to throw it away rather than fixing " -"it." +"apps can run on it, and when you have to throw it away rather than fixing it." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1353 msgid "Search order and the right to the future tense" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1355 msgid "" "Markets are posed as a kind of magic: By discovering otherwise hidden " "information conveyed by the free choices of consumers, those consumers’ " @@ -1749,7 +1574,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1367 msgid "" "This ballot rigging is made more pernicious by the existence of monopolies " "over search order. Google’s search market share is about 90%. When Google’s " @@ -1763,7 +1587,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1379 msgid "" "Google’s algorithm is often tricked into serving disinformation as a " "prominent search result. But in these cases, Google isn’t persuading people " @@ -1772,21 +1595,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1385 msgid "" -"This is true whether the search is for <quote>Are vaccines " -"dangerous?</quote> or <quote>best restaurants near me.</quote> Most users " -"will never look past the first page of search results, and when the " -"overwhelming majority of people all use the same search engine, the ranking " -"algorithm deployed by that search engine will determine myriad outcomes " -"(whether to adopt a child, whether to have cancer surgery, where to eat " -"dinner, where to move, where to apply for a job) to a degree that vastly " -"outstrips any behavioral outcomes dictated by algorithmic persuasion " -"techniques." +"This is true whether the search is for <quote>Are vaccines dangerous?</" +"quote> or <quote>best restaurants near me.</quote> Most users will never " +"look past the first page of search results, and when the overwhelming " +"majority of people all use the same search engine, the ranking algorithm " +"deployed by that search engine will determine myriad outcomes (whether to " +"adopt a child, whether to have cancer surgery, where to eat dinner, where to " +"move, where to apply for a job) to a degree that vastly outstrips any " +"behavioral outcomes dictated by algorithmic persuasion techniques." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1396 msgid "" "Many of the questions we ask search engines have no empirically correct " "answers: <quote>Where should I eat dinner?</quote> is not an objective " @@ -1795,29 +1615,26 @@ msgid "" "answer. Many pages affirm the safety of vaccines, so which one goes first? " "Under conditions of competition, consumers can choose from many search " "engines and stick with the one whose algorithmic judgment suits them best, " -"but under conditions of monopoly, we all get our answers from the same " -"place." +"but under conditions of monopoly, we all get our answers from the same place." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1407 msgid "" "Google’s search dominance isn’t a matter of pure merit: The company has " -"leveraged many tactics that would have been prohibited under classical, " -"pre-Ronald-Reagan antitrust enforcement standards to attain its " -"dominance. After all, this is a company that has developed two major " -"products: a really good search engine and a pretty good Hotmail clone. Every " -"other major success it’s had — Android, YouTube, Google Maps, etc. — has " -"come through an acquisition of a nascent competitor. Many of the company’s " -"key divisions, such as the advertising technology of DoubleClick, violate " -"the historical antitrust principle of structural separation, which forbade " -"firms from owning subsidiaries that competed with their " -"customers. Railroads, for example, were barred from owning freight companies " -"that competed with the shippers whose freight they carried." +"leveraged many tactics that would have been prohibited under classical, pre-" +"Ronald-Reagan antitrust enforcement standards to attain its dominance. After " +"all, this is a company that has developed two major products: a really good " +"search engine and a pretty good Hotmail clone. Every other major success " +"it’s had — Android, YouTube, Google Maps, etc. — has come through an " +"acquisition of a nascent competitor. Many of the company’s key divisions, " +"such as the advertising technology of DoubleClick, violate the historical " +"antitrust principle of structural separation, which forbade firms from " +"owning subsidiaries that competed with their customers. Railroads, for " +"example, were barred from owning freight companies that competed with the " +"shippers whose freight they carried." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1423 msgid "" "If we’re worried about giant companies subverting markets by stripping " "consumers of their ability to make free choices, then vigorous antitrust " @@ -1829,7 +1646,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1433 msgid "" "This goes for many other companies. Amazon, a classic surveillance " "capitalist, is obviously the dominant tool for searching Amazon — though " @@ -1846,7 +1662,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1448 msgid "" "Not every monopolist is a surveillance capitalist, but that doesn’t mean " "they’re not able to shape consumer choices in wide-ranging ways. Zuboff " @@ -1862,26 +1677,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1463 msgid "" "Because of its use of copyright locks, Apple’s mobile customers are not " "legally allowed to switch to a rival retailer for its apps if they want to " "do so on an iPhone. Apple, obviously, is the only entity that gets to decide " "how it ranks the results of search queries in its stores. These decisions " "ensure that some apps are often installed (because they appear on page one) " -"and others are never installed (because they appear on page one " -"million). Apple’s search-ranking design decisions have a vastly more " -"significant effect on consumer behaviors than influence campaigns delivered " -"by surveillance capitalism’s ad-serving bots." +"and others are never installed (because they appear on page one million). " +"Apple’s search-ranking design decisions have a vastly more significant " +"effect on consumer behaviors than influence campaigns delivered by " +"surveillance capitalism’s ad-serving bots." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1475 msgid "Monopolists can afford sleeping pills for watchdogs" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1477 msgid "" "Only the most extreme market ideologues think that markets can self-regulate " "without state oversight. Markets need watchdogs — regulators, lawmakers, and " @@ -1893,7 +1705,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1487 msgid "" "But this kind of regulatory capture doesn’t come cheap. In competitive " "sectors, where rivals are constantly eroding one another’s margins, " @@ -1902,7 +1713,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1493 msgid "" "Many of the harms of surveillance capitalism are the result of weak or " "nonexistent regulation. Those regulatory vacuums spring from the power of " @@ -1911,7 +1721,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1499 msgid "" "Here’s an example: When firms over-collect and over-retain our data, they " "are at increased risk of suffering a breach — you can’t leak data you never " @@ -1922,14 +1731,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1508 msgid "" "But still, firms continue to over-collect and over-retain our data for three " "reasons:" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1512 msgid "" "<emphasis role=\"strong\">1. They are locked in the aforementioned limbic " "arms race with our capacity to shore up our attentional defense systems to " @@ -1943,11 +1750,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1524 msgid "" -"<emphasis role=\"strong\">2. They believe the surveillance capitalism " -"story.</emphasis> Data is cheap to aggregate and store, and both proponents " -"and opponents of surveillance capitalism have assured managers and product " +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">2. They believe the surveillance capitalism story." +"</emphasis> Data is cheap to aggregate and store, and both proponents and " +"opponents of surveillance capitalism have assured managers and product " "designers that if you collect enough data, you will be able to perform " "sorcerous acts of mind control, thus supercharging your sales. Even if you " "never figure out how to profit from the data, someone else will eventually " @@ -1958,23 +1764,21 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1537 msgid "" -"<emphasis role=\"strong\">3. The penalties for leaking data are " -"negligible.</emphasis> Most countries limit these penalties to actual " -"damages, meaning that consumers who’ve had their data breached have to show " -"actual monetary harms to get a reward. In 2014, Home Depot disclosed that it " -"had lost credit-card data for 53 million of its customers, but it settled " -"the matter by paying those customers about $0.34 each — and a third of that " -"$0.34 wasn’t even paid in cash. It took the form of a credit to procure a " -"largely ineffectual credit-monitoring service." +"<emphasis role=\"strong\">3. The penalties for leaking data are negligible.</" +"emphasis> Most countries limit these penalties to actual damages, meaning " +"that consumers who’ve had their data breached have to show actual monetary " +"harms to get a reward. In 2014, Home Depot disclosed that it had lost credit-" +"card data for 53 million of its customers, but it settled the matter by " +"paying those customers about $0.34 each — and a third of that $0.34 wasn’t " +"even paid in cash. It took the form of a credit to procure a largely " +"ineffectual credit-monitoring service." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1548 msgid "" -"But the harms from breaches are much more extensive than these " -"actual-damages rules capture. Identity thieves and fraudsters are wily and " +"But the harms from breaches are much more extensive than these actual-" +"damages rules capture. Identity thieves and fraudsters are wily and " "endlessly inventive. All the vast breaches of our century are being " "continuously recombined, the data sets merged and mined for new ways to " "victimize the people whose data was present in them. Any reasonable, " @@ -1984,27 +1788,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1558 msgid "" "However, even the most ambitious privacy rules, such as the EU General Data " "Protection Regulation, fall far short of capturing the negative " -"externalities of the platforms’ negligent over-collection and " -"over-retention, and what penalties they do provide are not aggressively " -"pursued by regulators." +"externalities of the platforms’ negligent over-collection and over-" +"retention, and what penalties they do provide are not aggressively pursued " +"by regulators." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1565 msgid "" -"This tolerance of — or indifference to — data over-collection and " -"over-retention can be ascribed in part to the sheer lobbying muscle of the " +"This tolerance of — or indifference to — data over-collection and over-" +"retention can be ascribed in part to the sheer lobbying muscle of the " "platforms. They are so profitable that they can handily afford to divert " "gigantic sums to fight any real change — that is, change that would force " "them to internalize the costs of their surveillance activities." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1573 msgid "" "And then there’s state surveillance, which the surveillance capitalism story " "dismisses as a relic of another era when the big worry was being jailed for " @@ -2013,7 +1814,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1579 msgid "" "But state surveillance and private surveillance are intimately related. As " "we saw when Apple was conscripted by the Chinese government as a vital " @@ -2024,7 +1824,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1587 msgid "" "Whether it’s Google being used as a location tracking tool by local law " "enforcement across the U.S. or the use of social media tracking by the " @@ -2043,19 +1842,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1605 msgid "" "Monopolism is key to the project of mass state surveillance. It’s true that " "smaller tech firms are apt to be less well-defended than Big Tech, whose " "security experts are drawn from the tops of their field and who are given " -"enormous resources to secure and monitor their systems against " -"intruders. But smaller firms also have less to protect: fewer users whose " -"data is more fragmented across more systems and have to be suborned one at a " -"time by state actors." +"enormous resources to secure and monitor their systems against intruders. " +"But smaller firms also have less to protect: fewer users whose data is more " +"fragmented across more systems and have to be suborned one at a time by " +"state actors." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1614 msgid "" "A concentrated tech sector that works with authorities is a much more " "powerful ally in the project of mass state surveillance than a fragmented " @@ -2071,7 +1868,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1628 msgid "" "They can even make a good case for doing this: After all, when there are " "only four or five big companies in an industry, everyone qualified to " @@ -2082,14 +1878,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1637 msgid "" "While surveillance doesn’t cause monopolies, monopolies certainly abet " "surveillance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1642 msgid "" "Industries that are competitive are fragmented — composed of companies that " "are at each other’s throats all the time and eroding one another’s margins " @@ -2100,7 +1894,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1650 msgid "" "Surveillance combined with machine learning is supposed to be an existential " "crisis, a species-defining moment at which our free will is just a few more " @@ -2110,12 +1903,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1658 msgid "But that threat grows out of monopoly." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1661 msgid "" "One of the consequences of tech’s regulatory capture is that it can shift " "liability for poor security decisions onto its customers and the wider " @@ -2126,7 +1917,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1669 msgid "" "IT is the only field in which this is practiced: No one builds a bridge or a " "hospital and keeps the composition of the steel or the equations used to " @@ -2137,7 +1927,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1678 msgid "" "The monopoly power that keeps any meaningful consequences for breaches at " "bay means that tech companies continue to build terrible products that are " @@ -2149,18 +1938,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1688 msgid "" "These bad security decisions are compounded yet again by the use of " -"copyright locks to enforce business-model decisions against " -"consumers. Recall that these locks have become the go-to means for shaping " -"consumer behavior, making it technically impossible to use third-party ink, " -"insulin, apps, or service depots in connection with your lawfully acquired " -"property." +"copyright locks to enforce business-model decisions against consumers. " +"Recall that these locks have become the go-to means for shaping consumer " +"behavior, making it technically impossible to use third-party ink, insulin, " +"apps, or service depots in connection with your lawfully acquired property." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1696 msgid "" "Recall also that these copyright locks are backstopped by legislation (such " "as Section 1201 of the DMCA or Article 6 of the 2001 EU Copyright Directive) " @@ -2170,30 +1956,27 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1704 msgid "" -"This amounts to a manufacturer’s veto over safety warnings and " -"criticism. While this is far from the legislative intent of the DMCA and its " -"sister statutes around the world, Congress has not intervened to clarify the " +"This amounts to a manufacturer’s veto over safety warnings and criticism. " +"While this is far from the legislative intent of the DMCA and its sister " +"statutes around the world, Congress has not intervened to clarify the " "statute nor will it because to do so would run counter to the interests of " "powerful, large firms whose lobbying muscle is unstoppable." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1712 msgid "" "Copyright locks are a double whammy: They create bad security decisions that " "can’t be freely investigated or discussed. If markets are supposed to be " "machines for aggregating information (and if surveillance capitalism’s " -"notional mind-control rays are what make it a <quote>rogue " -"capitalism</quote> because it denies consumers the power to make decisions), " -"then a program of legally enforced ignorance of the risks of products makes " +"notional mind-control rays are what make it a <quote>rogue capitalism</" +"quote> because it denies consumers the power to make decisions), then a " +"program of legally enforced ignorance of the risks of products makes " "monopolism even more of a <quote>rogue capitalism</quote> than surveillance " "capitalism’s influence campaigns." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1722 msgid "" "And unlike mind-control rays, enforced silence over security is an " "immediate, documented problem, and it <emphasis>does</emphasis> constitute " @@ -2205,7 +1988,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1731 msgid "" "In software design, <quote>technology debt</quote> refers to old, baked-in " "decisions that turn out to be bad ones in hindsight. Perhaps a long-ago " @@ -2224,20 +2006,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1749 msgid "" "Typically, technology debt results in a technological bankruptcy: The " -"product gets so brittle and unsustainable that it fails " -"catastrophically. Think of the antiquated COBOL-based banking and accounting " -"systems that fell over at the start of the pandemic emergency when " -"confronted with surges of unemployment claims. Sometimes that ends the " -"product; sometimes it takes the company down with it. Being caught in the " -"default of a technology debt is scary and traumatic, just like losing your " -"house due to bankruptcy is scary and traumatic." +"product gets so brittle and unsustainable that it fails catastrophically. " +"Think of the antiquated COBOL-based banking and accounting systems that fell " +"over at the start of the pandemic emergency when confronted with surges of " +"unemployment claims. Sometimes that ends the product; sometimes it takes " +"the company down with it. Being caught in the default of a technology debt " +"is scary and traumatic, just like losing your house due to bankruptcy is " +"scary and traumatic." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1760 msgid "" "But the technology debt created by copyright locks isn’t individual debt; " "it’s systemic. Everyone in the world is exposed to this over-leverage, as " @@ -2250,40 +2030,36 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1772 msgid "Privacy and monopoly" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1774 msgid "" "Many tech companies are gripped by an orthodoxy that holds that if they just " "gather enough data on enough of our activities, everything else is possible " "— the mind control and endless profits. This is an unfalsifiable hypothesis: " "If data gives a tech company even a tiny improvement in behavior prediction " "and modification, the company declares that it has taken the first step " -"toward global domination with no end in sight. If a company " -"<emphasis>fails</emphasis> to attain any improvements from gathering and " -"analyzing data, it declares success to be just around the corner, attainable " -"once more data is in hand." +"toward global domination with no end in sight. If a company <emphasis>fails</" +"emphasis> to attain any improvements from gathering and analyzing data, it " +"declares success to be just around the corner, attainable once more data is " +"in hand." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1786 msgid "" "Surveillance tech is far from the first industry to embrace a nonsensical, " "self-serving belief that harms the rest of the world, and it is not the " -"first industry to profit handsomely from such a delusion. Long before " -"hedge-fund managers were claiming (falsely) that they could beat the " -"S&P 500, there were plenty of other <quote>respectable</quote> " -"industries that have been revealed as quacks in hindsight. From the makers " -"of radium suppositories (a real thing!) to the cruel sociopaths who claimed " -"they could <quote>cure</quote> gay people, history is littered with the " -"formerly respectable titans of discredited industries." +"first industry to profit handsomely from such a delusion. Long before hedge-" +"fund managers were claiming (falsely) that they could beat the S&P 500, " +"there were plenty of other <quote>respectable</quote> industries that have " +"been revealed as quacks in hindsight. From the makers of radium " +"suppositories (a real thing!) to the cruel sociopaths who claimed they " +"could <quote>cure</quote> gay people, history is littered with the formerly " +"respectable titans of discredited industries." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1798 msgid "" "This is not to say that there’s nothing wrong with Big Tech and its " "ideological addiction to data. While surveillance’s benefits are mostly " @@ -2291,7 +2067,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1804 msgid "" "There’s real irony here. The belief in surveillance capitalism as a " "<quote>rogue capitalism</quote> is driven by the belief that markets " @@ -2301,7 +2076,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1811 msgid "" "But monopolists get to do terrible things for a long time before they pay " "the price. Think of how concentration in the finance sector allowed the " @@ -2318,18 +2092,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1826 msgid "" "Big Tech is able to practice surveillance not just because it is tech but " "because it is <emphasis>big</emphasis>. The reason every web publisher " "embeds a Facebook <quote>Like</quote> button is that Facebook dominates the " -"internet’s social media referrals — and every one of those " -"<quote>Like</quote> buttons spies on everyone who lands on a page that " -"contains them (see also: Google Analytics embeds, Twitter buttons, etc.)." +"internet’s social media referrals — and every one of those <quote>Like</" +"quote> buttons spies on everyone who lands on a page that contains them (see " +"also: Google Analytics embeds, Twitter buttons, etc.)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1835 msgid "" "The reason the world’s governments have been slow to create meaningful " "penalties for privacy breaches is that Big Tech’s concentration produces " @@ -2339,14 +2111,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1843 msgid "" "The reason that the smartest engineers in the world want to work for Big " "Tech is that Big Tech commands the lion’s share of tech industry jobs." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1848 msgid "" "The reason people who are aghast at Facebook’s and Google’s and Amazon’s " "data-handling practices continue to use these services is that all their " @@ -2355,7 +2125,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1854 msgid "" "Competitive markets would weaken the companies’ lobbying muscle by reducing " "their profits and pitting them against each other in regulatory forums. It " @@ -2368,19 +2137,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1865 msgid "" "In other words, while surveillance doesn’t cause monopolies, monopolies " "certainly abet surveillance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1869 msgid "Ronald Reagan, pioneer of tech monopolism" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1871 msgid "" "Technology exceptionalism is a sin, whether it’s practiced by technology’s " "blind proponents or by its critics. Both of these camps are prone to " @@ -2394,7 +2160,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1883 msgid "" "To understand how tech became so monopolistic, it’s useful to look at the " "dawn of the consumer tech industry: 1979, the year the Apple II Plus " @@ -2408,7 +2173,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1895 msgid "" "Antitrust’s story began nearly a century before all that with laws like the " "Sherman Act, which took aim at monopolists on the grounds that monopolies " @@ -2420,7 +2184,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1904 msgid "" "Then came a fabulist named Robert Bork, a former solicitor general who " "Reagan appointed to the powerful U.S. Court of Appeals for the D.C. Circuit " @@ -2433,7 +2196,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1914 msgid "" "Bork was a crank, but he was a crank with a theory that rich people really " "liked. Monopolies are a great way to make rich people richer by allowing " @@ -2444,7 +2206,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1922 msgid "" "Bork’s theories were especially palatable to the same power brokers who " "backed Reagan, and Reagan’s Department of Justice and other agencies began " @@ -2456,7 +2217,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1931 msgid "" "Little by little, Bork’s theories entered the mainstream, and their backers " "began to infiltrate the legal education field, even putting on junkets where " @@ -2468,7 +2228,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1941 msgid "" "The history of Bork’s antitrust theories is a really good example of the " "kind of covertly engineered shifts in public opinion that Zuboff warns us " @@ -2482,7 +2241,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1953 msgid "" "Today, many fear that machine learning allows surveillance capitalism to " "sell <quote>Bork-as-a-Service,</quote> at internet speeds, so that you can " @@ -2497,38 +2255,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1966 msgid "" "The idea that tech forms <quote>natural monopolies</quote> (monopolies that " "are the inevitable result of the realities of an industry, such as the " "monopolies that accrue the first company to run long-haul phone lines or " -"rail lines) is belied by tech’s own history: In the absence of " -"anti-competitive tactics, Google was able to unseat AltaVista and Yahoo; " -"Facebook was able to head off Myspace. There are some advantages to " -"gathering mountains of data, but those mountains of data also have " -"disadvantages: liability (from leaking), diminishing returns (from old " -"data), and institutional inertia (big companies, like science, progress one " -"funeral at a time)." +"rail lines) is belied by tech’s own history: In the absence of anti-" +"competitive tactics, Google was able to unseat AltaVista and Yahoo; Facebook " +"was able to head off Myspace. There are some advantages to gathering " +"mountains of data, but those mountains of data also have disadvantages: " +"liability (from leaking), diminishing returns (from old data), and " +"institutional inertia (big companies, like science, progress one funeral at " +"a time)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1978 msgid "" "Indeed, the birth of the web saw a mass-extinction event for the existing " "giant, wildly profitable proprietary technologies that had capital, network " "effects, and walls and moats surrounding their businesses. The web showed " "that when a new industry is built around a protocol, rather than a product, " "the combined might of everyone who uses the protocol to reach their " -"customers or users or communities outweighs even the most massive " -"products. CompuServe, AOL, MSN, and a host of other proprietary walled " -"gardens learned this lesson the hard way: Each believed it could stay " -"separate from the web, offering <quote>curation</quote> and a guarantee of " -"consistency and quality instead of the chaos of an open system. Each was " -"wrong and ended up being absorbed into the public web." +"customers or users or communities outweighs even the most massive products. " +"CompuServe, AOL, MSN, and a host of other proprietary walled gardens learned " +"this lesson the hard way: Each believed it could stay separate from the web, " +"offering <quote>curation</quote> and a guarantee of consistency and quality " +"instead of the chaos of an open system. Each was wrong and ended up being " +"absorbed into the public web." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:1992 msgid "" "Yes, tech is heavily monopolized and is now closely associated with industry " "concentration, but this has more to do with a matter of timing than its " @@ -2542,7 +2297,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2004 msgid "" "In support of this thesis, I offer the concentration that every " "<emphasis>other</emphasis> industry has undergone over the same period. From " @@ -2559,7 +2313,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2019 msgid "" "Again: When you change the laws intended to prevent monopolies and then " "monopolies form in exactly the way the law was supposed to prevent, it is " @@ -2574,12 +2327,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2031 msgid "Steering with the windshield wipers" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2033 msgid "" "It’s been 40 years since Bork’s project to rehabilitate monopolies achieved " "liftoff, and that is a generation and a half, which is plenty of time to " @@ -2591,7 +2342,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2043 msgid "" "After 40 years of studiously ignoring antitrust analysis and enforcement, " "it’s not surprising that we’ve all but forgotten that antitrust exists, that " @@ -2601,7 +2351,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2051 msgid "" "Antitrust is a market society’s steering wheel, the control of first resort " "to keep would-be masters of the universe in their lanes. But Bork and his " @@ -2614,7 +2363,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2061 msgid "" "It’s like a 1960s science-fiction plot come to life: People stuck in a " "<quote>generation ship,</quote> plying its way across the stars, a ship once " @@ -2626,12 +2374,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2071 msgid "Surveillance still matters" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2073 msgid "" "None of this is to minimize the problems with surveillance. Surveillance " "matters, and Big Tech’s use of surveillance <emphasis>is</emphasis> an " @@ -2640,7 +2386,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2080 msgid "" "Surveillance has become <emphasis>much</emphasis> more efficient thanks to " "Big Tech. In 1989, the Stasi — the East German secret police — had the whole " @@ -2649,7 +2394,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2087 msgid "" "Today, we know that the NSA is spying on a significant fraction of the " "entire world’s population, and its ratio of surveillance operatives to the " @@ -2660,7 +2404,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2096 msgid "" "How did the ratio of surveillable citizens expand from 1:60 to 1:10,000 in " "less than 30 years? It’s thanks to Big Tech. Our devices and services gather " @@ -2668,21 +2411,21 @@ msgid "" "these devices and the services they connect to, and then we painstakingly " "perform the data-entry tasks associated with logging facts about our lives, " "opinions, and preferences. This mass surveillance project has been largely " -"useless for fighting terrorism: The NSA can <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/nsa-cites-case-as-success-of-phone-data-collection-program/2013/08/08/fc915e5a-feda-11e2-96a8-d3b921c0924a_story.html\">only " -"point to a single minor success story</ulink> in which it used its data " -"collection program to foil an attempt by a U.S. resident to wire a few " -"thousand dollars to an overseas terror group. It’s ineffective for much the " -"same reason that commercial surveillance projects are largely ineffective at " -"targeting advertising: The people who want to commit acts of terror, like " -"people who want to buy a refrigerator, are extremely rare. If you’re trying " -"to detect a phenomenon whose base rate is one in a million with an " -"instrument whose accuracy is only 99%, then every true positive will come at " -"the cost of 9,999 false positives." +"useless for fighting terrorism: The NSA can <ulink url=\"https://www." +"washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/nsa-cites-case-as-success-of-" +"phone-data-collection-program/2013/08/08/fc915e5a-feda-11e2-96a8-" +"d3b921c0924a_story.html\">only point to a single minor success story</ulink> " +"in which it used its data collection program to foil an attempt by a U.S. " +"resident to wire a few thousand dollars to an overseas terror group. It’s " +"ineffective for much the same reason that commercial surveillance projects " +"are largely ineffective at targeting advertising: The people who want to " +"commit acts of terror, like people who want to buy a refrigerator, are " +"extremely rare. If you’re trying to detect a phenomenon whose base rate is " +"one in a million with an instrument whose accuracy is only 99%, then every " +"true positive will come at the cost of 9,999 false positives." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2117 msgid "" "Let me explain that again: If one in a million people is a terrorist, then " "there will only be about one terrorist in a random sample of one million " @@ -2692,7 +2435,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2125 msgid "" "In reality, the accuracy of algorithmic terrorism detection falls far short " "of the 99% mark, as does refrigerator ad targeting. The difference is that " @@ -2702,7 +2444,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2132 msgid "" "Mass state surveillance is only feasible because of surveillance capitalism " "and its extremely low-yield ad-targeting systems, which require a constant " @@ -2713,7 +2454,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2140 msgid "" "State surveillance is no mere parasite on Big Tech, sucking up its data and " "giving nothing in return. In truth, the two are symbiotes: Big Tech sucks up " @@ -2724,24 +2464,23 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2149 msgid "" "To see this at work today, look no further than Amazon’s home surveillance " "device, the Ring doorbell, and its associated app, Neighbors. Ring — a " -"product that Amazon acquired and did not develop in house — makes a " -"camera-enabled doorbell that streams footage from your front door to your " -"mobile device. The Neighbors app allows you to form a neighborhood-wide " +"product that Amazon acquired and did not develop in house — makes a camera-" +"enabled doorbell that streams footage from your front door to your mobile " +"device. The Neighbors app allows you to form a neighborhood-wide " "surveillance grid with your fellow Ring owners through which you can share " "clips of <quote>suspicious characters.</quote> If you’re thinking that this " "sounds like a recipe for letting curtain-twitching racists supercharge their " -"suspicions of people with brown skin who walk down their blocks, <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/07/amazons-ring-enables-over-policing-efforts-some-americas-deadliest-law-enforcement\">you’re " -"right</ulink>. Ring has become a <emphasis>de facto,</emphasis> " -"off-the-books arm of the police without any of the pesky oversight or rules." +"suspicions of people with brown skin who walk down their blocks, <ulink url=" +"\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/07/amazons-ring-enables-over-policing-" +"efforts-some-americas-deadliest-law-enforcement\">you’re right</ulink>. Ring " +"has become a <emphasis>de facto,</emphasis> off-the-books arm of the police " +"without any of the pesky oversight or rules." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2165 msgid "" "In mid-2019, a series of public records requests revealed that Amazon had " "struck confidential deals with more than 400 local law enforcement agencies " @@ -2755,7 +2494,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2177 msgid "" "Ring and law enforcement have found many ways to intertwine their " "activities. Ring strikes secret deals to acquire real-time access to 911 " @@ -2765,7 +2503,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2185 msgid "" "The more the cops buzz-market the surveillance capitalist Ring, the more " "surveillance capability the state gets. Cops who rely on private entities " @@ -2778,12 +2515,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2196 msgid "Dignity and sanctuary" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2198 msgid "" "But even if we could exercise democratic control over our states and force " "them to stop raiding surveillance capitalism’s reservoirs of behavioral " @@ -2791,7 +2526,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2203 msgid "" "This is an area where Zuboff shines. Her chapter on <quote>sanctuary</quote> " "— the feeling of being unobserved — is a beautiful hymn to introspection, " @@ -2799,7 +2533,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2208 msgid "" "When you are watched, something changes. Anyone who has ever raised a child " "knows this. You might look up from your book (or more realistically, from " @@ -2812,12 +2545,10 @@ msgid "" "your authentic self, and in that moment, you are vulnerable like a hermit " "crab scuttling from one shell to the next. The tender, unprotected tissues " "you expose in that moment are too delicate to reveal in the presence of " -"another, even someone you trust as implicitly as a child trusts their " -"parent." +"another, even someone you trust as implicitly as a child trusts their parent." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2224 msgid "" "In the digital age, our authentic selves are inextricably tied to our " "digital lives. Your search history is a running ledger of the questions " @@ -2827,14 +2558,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2232 msgid "" "To be observed in these activities is to lose the sanctuary of your " "authentic self." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2236 msgid "" "There’s another way in which surveillance capitalism robs us of our capacity " "to be our authentic selves: by making us anxious. Surveillance capitalism " @@ -2847,7 +2576,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2247 msgid "" "Our devices and services are <quote>general purpose</quote> in that they can " "connect anything or anyone to anything or anyone else and that they can run " @@ -2860,7 +2588,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2257 msgid "" "All day and all night, our pockets buzz, shattering our concentration and " "tearing apart the fragile webs of connection we spin as we think through " @@ -2871,12 +2598,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2266 msgid "Afflicting the afflicted" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2268 msgid "" "The effects of surveillance on our ability to be our authentic selves are " "not equal for all people. Some of us are lucky enough to live in a time and " @@ -2886,7 +2611,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2275 msgid "" "But for many of us, this is not true. Recall that in living memory, many of " "the ways of being that we think of as socially acceptable today were once " @@ -2898,7 +2622,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2285 msgid "" "Today, these activities aren’t just decriminalized in much of the world, " "they’re considered normal, and the fallen prohibitions are viewed as " @@ -2906,7 +2629,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2290 msgid "" "How did we get from prohibition to normalization? Through private, personal " "activity: People who were secretly gay or secret pot-smokers or who secretly " @@ -2921,7 +2643,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2303 msgid "" "The right to choose the time and manner of these conversations was key to " "their success. It’s one thing to come out to your dad while you’re on a " @@ -2931,7 +2652,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2310 msgid "" "Without a private sphere, there’s a chance that none of these changes would " "have come to pass and that the people who benefited from these changes would " @@ -2940,7 +2660,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2317 msgid "" "The corollary is that, unless you think that our society has attained social " "perfection — that your grandchildren in 50 years will ask you to tell them " @@ -2954,17 +2673,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2329 msgid "A private realm is necessary for human progress." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2332 msgid "Any data you collect and retain will eventually leak" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2334 msgid "" "The lack of a private life can rob vulnerable people of the chance to be " "their authentic selves and constrain our actions by depriving us of " @@ -2973,7 +2689,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2340 msgid "" "Personally identifying information is of very limited use for the purpose of " "controlling peoples’ minds, but identity theft — really a catchall term for " @@ -2983,36 +2698,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2348 msgid "" -"Attackers are not limited to using data from one breached source, " -"either. Multiple services have suffered breaches that exposed names, " -"addresses, phone numbers, passwords, sexual tastes, school grades, work " -"performance, brushes with the criminal justice system, family details, " -"genetic information, fingerprints and other biometrics, reading habits, " -"search histories, literary tastes, pseudonymous identities, and other " -"sensitive information. Attackers can merge data from these different " -"breaches to build up extremely detailed dossiers on random subjects and then " -"use different parts of the data for different criminal purposes." +"Attackers are not limited to using data from one breached source, either. " +"Multiple services have suffered breaches that exposed names, addresses, " +"phone numbers, passwords, sexual tastes, school grades, work performance, " +"brushes with the criminal justice system, family details, genetic " +"information, fingerprints and other biometrics, reading habits, search " +"histories, literary tastes, pseudonymous identities, and other sensitive " +"information. Attackers can merge data from these different breaches to build " +"up extremely detailed dossiers on random subjects and then use different " +"parts of the data for different criminal purposes." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2360 msgid "" "For example, attackers can use leaked username and password combinations to " -"hijack whole fleets of commercial vehicles that <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/zmpx4x/hacker-monitor-cars-kill-engine-gps-tracking-apps\">have " -"been fitted with anti-theft GPS trackers and immobilizers</ulink> or to " -"hijack baby monitors in order to <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/04/23/how-nest-designed-keep-intruders-out-peoples-homes-effectively-allowed-hackers-get/?utm_term=.15220e98c550\">terrorize " -"toddlers with the audio tracks from pornography</ulink>. Attackers use " -"leaked data to trick phone companies into giving them your phone number, " -"then they intercept SMS-based two-factor authentication codes in order to " -"take over your email, bank account, and/or cryptocurrency wallets." +"hijack whole fleets of commercial vehicles that <ulink url=\"https://www." +"vice.com/en_us/article/zmpx4x/hacker-monitor-cars-kill-engine-gps-tracking-" +"apps\">have been fitted with anti-theft GPS trackers and immobilizers</" +"ulink> or to hijack baby monitors in order to <ulink url=\"https://www." +"washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/04/23/how-nest-designed-keep-intruders-" +"out-peoples-homes-effectively-allowed-hackers-get/?" +"utm_term=.15220e98c550\">terrorize toddlers with the audio tracks from " +"pornography</ulink>. Attackers use leaked data to trick phone companies into " +"giving them your phone number, then they intercept SMS-based two-factor " +"authentication codes in order to take over your email, bank account, and/or " +"cryptocurrency wallets." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2373 msgid "" "Attackers are endlessly inventive in the pursuit of creative ways to " "weaponize leaked data. One common use of leaked data is to penetrate " @@ -3020,18 +2734,15 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2378 msgid "" -"Like spies, online fraudsters are totally dependent on companies " -"over-collecting and over-retaining our data. Spy agencies sometimes pay " -"companies for access to their data or intimidate them into giving it up, but " -"sometimes they work just like criminals do — by <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-24751821\">sneaking data out " -"of companies’ databases</ulink>." +"Like spies, online fraudsters are totally dependent on companies over-" +"collecting and over-retaining our data. Spy agencies sometimes pay companies " +"for access to their data or intimidate them into giving it up, but sometimes " +"they work just like criminals do — by <ulink url=\"https://www.bbc.com/news/" +"world-us-canada-24751821\">sneaking data out of companies’ databases</ulink>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2386 msgid "" "The over-collection of data has a host of terrible social consequences, from " "the erosion of our authentic selves to the undermining of social progress, " @@ -3041,29 +2752,24 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2394 msgid "Critical tech exceptionalism is still tech exceptionalism" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2397 msgid "" "Big Tech has long practiced technology exceptionalism: the idea that it " -"should not be subject to the mundane laws and norms of " -"<quote>meatspace.</quote> Mottoes like Facebook’s <quote>move fast and break " -"things</quote> attracted justifiable scorn of the companies’ self-serving " -"rhetoric." +"should not be subject to the mundane laws and norms of <quote>meatspace.</" +"quote> Mottoes like Facebook’s <quote>move fast and break things</quote> " +"attracted justifiable scorn of the companies’ self-serving rhetoric." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2403 msgid "" "Tech exceptionalism got us all into a lot of trouble, so it’s ironic and " "distressing to see Big Tech’s critics committing the same sin." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2407 msgid "" "Big Tech is not a <quote>rogue capitalism</quote> that cannot be cured " "through the traditional anti-monopoly remedies of trustbusting (forcing " @@ -3076,7 +2782,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2417 msgid "" "The thing is, people have been claiming to have perfected mind-control rays " "for centuries, and every time, it turned out to be a con — though sometimes " @@ -3084,7 +2789,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2423 msgid "" "For generations, the advertising industry has been steadily improving its " "ability to sell advertising services to businesses while only making " @@ -3096,12 +2800,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2433 msgid "" "The tech industry has made enormous improvements in the science of " "convincing businesses that they’re good at advertising while their actual " -"improvements to advertising — as opposed to targeting — have been pretty " -"ho-hum. The vogue for machine learning — and the mystical invocation of " +"improvements to advertising — as opposed to targeting — have been pretty ho-" +"hum. The vogue for machine learning — and the mystical invocation of " "<quote>artificial intelligence</quote> as a synonym for straightforward " "statistical inference techniques — has greatly boosted the efficacy of Big " "Tech’s sales pitch as marketers have exploited potential customers’ lack of " @@ -3110,7 +2813,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2445 msgid "" "It’s tempting to think that if businesses are willing to pour billions into " "a venture that the venture must be a good one. Yet there are plenty of times " @@ -3126,37 +2828,33 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2459 msgid "" "The claims of Big Tech’s mind-control system are full of tells that the " -"enterprise is a con. For example, <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01415/full\">the " -"reliance on the <quote>Big Five</quote> personality traits</ulink> as a " -"primary means of influencing people even though the <quote>Big Five</quote> " -"theory is unsupported by any large-scale, peer-reviewed studies and is " -"<ulink " -"url=\"https://www.wired.com/story/the-noisy-fallacies-of-psychographic-targeting/\">mostly " -"the realm of marketing hucksters and pop psych</ulink>." +"enterprise is a con. For example, <ulink url=\"https://www.frontiersin.org/" +"articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01415/full\">the reliance on the <quote>Big " +"Five</quote> personality traits</ulink> as a primary means of influencing " +"people even though the <quote>Big Five</quote> theory is unsupported by any " +"large-scale, peer-reviewed studies and is <ulink url=\"https://www.wired.com/" +"story/the-noisy-fallacies-of-psychographic-targeting/\">mostly the realm of " +"marketing hucksters and pop psych</ulink>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2469 msgid "" "Big Tech’s promotional materials also claim that their algorithms can " "accurately perform <quote>sentiment analysis</quote> or detect peoples’ " -"moods based on their <quote>microexpressions,</quote> but <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/12/647040758/advertising-on-facebook-is-it-worth-it\">these " -"are marketing claims, not scientific ones</ulink>. These methods are largely " -"untested by independent scientific experts, and where they have been tested, " -"they’ve been found sorely wanting. Microexpressions are particularly " -"suspect as the companies that specialize in training people to detect them " -"<ulink " -"url=\"https://theintercept.com/2017/02/08/tsas-own-files-show-doubtful-science-behind-its-behavior-screening-program/\">have " +"moods based on their <quote>microexpressions,</quote> but <ulink url=" +"\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/12/647040758/advertising-on-facebook-is-it-" +"worth-it\">these are marketing claims, not scientific ones</ulink>. These " +"methods are largely untested by independent scientific experts, and where " +"they have been tested, they’ve been found sorely wanting. Microexpressions " +"are particularly suspect as the companies that specialize in training people " +"to detect them <ulink url=\"https://theintercept.com/2017/02/08/tsas-own-" +"files-show-doubtful-science-behind-its-behavior-screening-program/\">have " "been shown</ulink> to underperform relative to random chance." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2482 msgid "" "Big Tech has been so good at marketing its own supposed superpowers that " "it’s easy to believe that they can market everything else with similar " @@ -3170,20 +2868,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2494 msgid "" "That skepticism should infuse all of our evaluations of Big Tech and its " "supposed abilities, including our perusal of its patents. Zuboff vests these " "patents with enormous significance, pointing out that Google claimed " -"extensive new persuasion capabilities in <ulink " -"url=\"https://patents.google.com/patent/US20050131762A1/en\">its patent " -"filings</ulink>. These claims are doubly suspect: first, because they are so " -"self-serving, and second, because the patent itself is so notoriously an " -"invitation to exaggeration." +"extensive new persuasion capabilities in <ulink url=\"https://patents.google." +"com/patent/US20050131762A1/en\">its patent filings</ulink>. These claims are " +"doubly suspect: first, because they are so self-serving, and second, because " +"the patent itself is so notoriously an invitation to exaggeration." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2504 msgid "" "Patent applications take the form of a series of claims and range from broad " "to narrow. A typical patent starts out by claiming that its authors have " @@ -3200,16 +2895,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2519 msgid "" "What’s more, software patents are routinely granted even though the filer " -"doesn’t have any evidence that they can do the thing claimed by the " -"patent. That is, you can patent an <quote>invention</quote> that you haven’t " +"doesn’t have any evidence that they can do the thing claimed by the patent. " +"That is, you can patent an <quote>invention</quote> that you haven’t " "actually made and that you don’t know how to make." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2525 msgid "" "With these considerations in hand, it becomes obvious that the fact that a " "Big Tech company has patented what it <emphasis>says</emphasis> is an " @@ -3218,7 +2911,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2532 msgid "" "Big Tech collects our data for many reasons, including the diminishing " "returns on existing stores of data. But many tech companies also collect " @@ -3230,7 +2922,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2542 msgid "" "Data mined for predictive systems doesn’t necessarily produce these " "dividends. Think of Netflix: The predictive value of the data mined from a " @@ -3243,7 +2934,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2553 msgid "" "Businesses pursue fads to the detriment of their profits all the time, " "especially when the businesses and their investors are not motivated by the " @@ -3255,7 +2945,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2562 msgid "" "This is another harm of tech exceptionalism: The belief that more data " "always produces more profits in the form of more insights that can be " @@ -3271,14 +2960,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2576 msgid "" "How monopolies, not mind control, drive surveillance capitalism: The " "Snapchat story" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2579 msgid "" "For the first decade of its existence, Facebook competed with the social " "media giants of the day (Myspace, Orkut, etc.) by presenting itself as the " @@ -3290,104 +2977,92 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2589 msgid "" "Despite frequent promises that it would never collect or analyze its users’ " "data, Facebook periodically created initiatives that did just that, like the " "creepy, ham-fisted Beacon tool, which spied on you as you moved around the " "web and then added your online activities to your public timeline, allowing " -"your friends to monitor your browsing habits. Beacon sparked a user " -"revolt. Every time, Facebook backed off from its surveillance initiative, " -"but not all the way; inevitably, the new Facebook would be more surveilling " -"than the old Facebook, though not quite as surveilling as the intermediate " -"Facebook following the launch of the new product or service." +"your friends to monitor your browsing habits. Beacon sparked a user revolt. " +"Every time, Facebook backed off from its surveillance initiative, but not " +"all the way; inevitably, the new Facebook would be more surveilling than the " +"old Facebook, though not quite as surveilling as the intermediate Facebook " +"following the launch of the new product or service." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2601 msgid "" "The pace at which Facebook ramped up its surveillance efforts seems to have " "been set by Facebook’s competitive landscape. The more competitors Facebook " "had, the better it behaved. Every time a major competitor foundered, " -"Facebook’s behavior <ulink " -"url=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3247362\">got " -"markedly worse</ulink>." +"Facebook’s behavior <ulink url=\"https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?" +"abstract_id=3247362\">got markedly worse</ulink>." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2609 msgid "" "All the while, Facebook was prodigiously acquiring companies, including a " -"company called Onavo. Nominally, Onavo made a battery-monitoring mobile " -"app. But the permissions that Onavo required were so expansive that the app " -"was able to gather fine-grained telemetry on everything users did with their " +"company called Onavo. Nominally, Onavo made a battery-monitoring mobile app. " +"But the permissions that Onavo required were so expansive that the app was " +"able to gather fine-grained telemetry on everything users did with their " "phones, including which apps they used and how they were using them." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2617 msgid "" "Through Onavo, Facebook discovered that it was losing market share to " "Snapchat, an app that — like Facebook a decade before — billed itself as the " "pro-privacy alternative to the status quo. Through Onavo, Facebook was able " "to mine data from the devices of Snapchat users, including both current and " "former Snapchat users. This spurred Facebook to acquire Instagram — some " -"features of which competed with Snapchat — and then allowed Facebook to " -"fine-tune Instagram’s features and sales pitch to erode Snapchat’s gains and " +"features of which competed with Snapchat — and then allowed Facebook to fine-" +"tune Instagram’s features and sales pitch to erode Snapchat’s gains and " "ensure that Facebook would not have to face the kinds of competitive " "pressures it had earlier inflicted on Myspace and Orkut." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2629 msgid "" "The story of how Facebook crushed Snapchat reveals the relationship between " "monopoly and surveillance capitalism. Facebook combined surveillance with " "lax antitrust enforcement to spot the competitive threat of Snapchat on its " "horizon and then take decisive action against it. Facebook’s surveillance " -"capitalism let it avert competitive pressure with anti-competitive " -"tactics. Facebook users still want privacy — Facebook hasn’t used " -"surveillance to brainwash them out of it — but they can’t get it because " -"Facebook’s surveillance lets it destroy any hope of a rival service emerging " -"that competes on privacy features." +"capitalism let it avert competitive pressure with anti-competitive tactics. " +"Facebook users still want privacy — Facebook hasn’t used surveillance to " +"brainwash them out of it — but they can’t get it because Facebook’s " +"surveillance lets it destroy any hope of a rival service emerging that " +"competes on privacy features." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2641 msgid "A monopoly over your friends" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2643 msgid "" "A decentralization movement has tried to erode the dominance of Facebook and " "other Big Tech companies by fielding <quote>indieweb</quote> alternatives — " -"Mastodon as a Twitter alternative, Diaspora as a Facebook alternative, " -"etc. — but these efforts have failed to attain any kind of liftoff." +"Mastodon as a Twitter alternative, Diaspora as a Facebook alternative, etc. " +"— but these efforts have failed to attain any kind of liftoff." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2650 msgid "" "Fundamentally, each of these services is hamstrung by the same problem: " "Every potential user for a Facebook or Twitter alternative has to convince " "all their friends to follow them to a decentralized web alternative in order " "to continue to realize the benefit of social media. For many of us, the only " "reason to have a Facebook account is that our friends have Facebook " -"accounts, and the reason they have Facebook accounts is that " -"<emphasis>we</emphasis> have Facebook accounts." +"accounts, and the reason they have Facebook accounts is that <emphasis>we</" +"emphasis> have Facebook accounts." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2660 msgid "" "All of this has conspired to make Facebook — and other dominant platforms — " -"into <quote>kill zones</quote> that investors will not fund new entrants " -"for." +"into <quote>kill zones</quote> that investors will not fund new entrants for." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2665 msgid "" "And yet, all of today’s tech giants came into existence despite the " "entrenched advantage of the companies that came before them. To understand " @@ -3396,12 +3071,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2672 msgid "The hard problem of our species is coordination." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2676 msgid "" "<quote>Interoperability</quote> is the ability of two technologies to work " "with one another: Anyone can make an LP that will play on any record player, " @@ -3413,24 +3086,22 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2685 msgid "" "Interoperability is often a source of innovation and consumer benefit: Apple " "made the first commercially successful PC, but millions of independent " -"software vendors made interoperable programs that ran on the Apple II " -"Plus. The simple analog antenna inputs on the back of TVs first allowed " -"cable operators to connect directly to TVs, then they allowed game console " +"software vendors made interoperable programs that ran on the Apple II Plus. " +"The simple analog antenna inputs on the back of TVs first allowed cable " +"operators to connect directly to TVs, then they allowed game console " "companies and then personal computer companies to use standard televisions " "as displays. Standard RJ-11 telephone jacks allowed for the production of " "phones from a variety of vendors in a variety of forms, from the free " -"football-shaped phone that came with a <emphasis>Sports " -"Illustrated</emphasis> subscription to business phones with speakers, hold " -"functions, and so on and then answering machines and finally modems, paving " -"the way for the internet revolution." +"football-shaped phone that came with a <emphasis>Sports Illustrated</" +"emphasis> subscription to business phones with speakers, hold functions, and " +"so on and then answering machines and finally modems, paving the way for the " +"internet revolution." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2700 msgid "" "<quote>Interoperability</quote> is often used interchangeably with " "<quote>standardization,</quote> which is the process when manufacturers and " @@ -3441,7 +3112,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2708 msgid "" "But interoperability doesn’t require standardization — indeed, " "standardization often proceeds from the chaos of ad hoc interoperability " @@ -3450,12 +3120,11 @@ msgid "" "dashboard lighter subcomponent. The automakers didn’t take any " "countermeasures to prevent the use of these aftermarket accessories by their " "customers, but they also didn’t do anything to make life easier for the " -"chargers’ manufacturers. This is a kind of <quote>neutral " -"interoperability.</quote>" +"chargers’ manufacturers. This is a kind of <quote>neutral interoperability.</" +"quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2719 msgid "" "Beyond neutral interoperability, there is <quote>adversarial " "interoperability.</quote> That’s when a manufacturer makes a product that " @@ -3465,11 +3134,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2727 msgid "" -"Probably the most familiar form of adversarial interoperability is " -"third-party printer ink. Printer manufacturers claim that they sell printers " -"below cost and that the only way they can recoup the losses they incur is by " +"Probably the most familiar form of adversarial interoperability is third-" +"party printer ink. Printer manufacturers claim that they sell printers below " +"cost and that the only way they can recoup the losses they incur is by " "charging high markups on ink. To prevent the owners of printers from buying " "ink elsewhere, the printer companies deploy a suite of anti-customer " "security systems that detect and reject both refilled and third-party " @@ -3477,7 +3145,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2736 msgid "" "Owners of printers take the position that HP and Epson and Brother are not " "charities and that customers for their wares have no obligation to help them " @@ -3492,7 +3159,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2749 msgid "" "Adversarial interoperability has played an outsized role in the history of " "the tech industry: from the founding of the <quote>alt.*</quote> Usenet " @@ -3503,12 +3169,11 @@ msgid "" "peccadilloes) to Facebook (whose success was built in part by helping its " "new users stay in touch with friends they’d left behind on Myspace because " "Facebook supplied them with a tool that scraped waiting messages from " -"Myspace and imported them into Facebook, effectively creating an " -"Facebook-based Myspace reader)." +"Myspace and imported them into Facebook, effectively creating an Facebook-" +"based Myspace reader)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2763 msgid "" "Today, incumbency is seen as an unassailable advantage. Facebook is where " "all of your friends are, so no one can start a Facebook competitor. But " @@ -3525,7 +3190,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2778 msgid "" "Adversarial interoperability was once the norm and a key contributor to the " "dynamic, vibrant tech scene, but now it is stuck behind a thicket of laws " @@ -3537,7 +3201,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2788 msgid "" "In the absence of a competitive market, lawmakers have resorted to assigning " "expensive, state-like duties to Big Tech firms, such as automatically " @@ -3547,7 +3210,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2796 msgid "" "These measures put a floor under how small we can make Big Tech because only " "the very largest companies can afford the humans and automated filters " @@ -3555,7 +3217,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2801 msgid "" "But that’s not the only way in which making platforms responsible for " "policing their users undermines competition. A platform that is expected to " @@ -3569,7 +3230,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2813 msgid "" "To the extent that we are willing to let Big Tech police itself — rather " "than making Big Tech small enough that users can leave bad platforms for " @@ -3577,32 +3237,27 @@ msgid "" "out of business will not destroy billions of users’ access to their " "communities and data — we build the case that Big Tech should be able to " "block its competitors and make it easier for Big Tech to demand legal " -"enforcement tools to ban and punish attempts at adversarial " -"interoperability." +"enforcement tools to ban and punish attempts at adversarial interoperability." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2823 msgid "" "Ultimately, we can try to fix Big Tech by making it responsible for bad acts " "by its users, or we can try to fix the internet by cutting Big Tech down to " "size. But we can’t do both. To replace today’s giant products with " "pluralistic protocols, we need to clear the legal thicket that prevents " -"adversarial interoperability so that tomorrow’s nimble, personal, " -"small-scale products can federate themselves with giants like Facebook, " -"allowing the users who’ve left to continue to communicate with users who " -"haven’t left yet, reaching tendrils over Facebook’s garden wall that " -"Facebook’s trapped users can use to scale the walls and escape to the " -"global, open web." +"adversarial interoperability so that tomorrow’s nimble, personal, small-" +"scale products can federate themselves with giants like Facebook, allowing " +"the users who’ve left to continue to communicate with users who haven’t left " +"yet, reaching tendrils over Facebook’s garden wall that Facebook’s trapped " +"users can use to scale the walls and escape to the global, open web." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2835 msgid "Fake news is an epistemological crisis" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2837 msgid "" "Tech is not the only industry that has undergone massive concentration since " "the Reagan era. Virtually every major industry — from oil to newspapers to " @@ -3611,7 +3266,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2844 msgid "" "At the same time, every industry has become something of a tech industry as " "general-purpose computers and general-purpose networks and the promise of " @@ -3620,7 +3274,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2850 msgid "" "This phenomenon of industrial concentration is part of a wider story about " "wealth concentration overall as a smaller and smaller number of people own " @@ -3630,19 +3283,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2858 msgid "" "That means that whenever a regulator asks a question with an obvious, " "empirical answer (<quote>Are humans causing climate change?</quote> or " "<quote>Should we let companies conduct commercial mass surveillance?</quote> " -"or <quote>Does society benefit from allowing network neutrality " -"violations?</quote>), the answer that comes out is only correct if that " -"correctness meets with the approval of rich people and the industries that " -"made them so wealthy." +"or <quote>Does society benefit from allowing network neutrality violations?</" +"quote>), the answer that comes out is only correct if that correctness meets " +"with the approval of rich people and the industries that made them so " +"wealthy." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2867 msgid "" "Rich people have always played an outsized role in politics and more so " "since the Supreme Court’s <emphasis>Citizens United</emphasis> decision " @@ -3653,7 +3304,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2876 msgid "" "But the policy distortions of rich individuals pale in comparison to the " "policy distortions that concentrated industries are capable of. The " @@ -3664,17 +3314,14 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2885 msgid "" "Concentrated industries also find it easier to collaborate on policy " "objectives than competitive ones. When all the top execs from your industry " -"can fit around a single boardroom table, they often do. And " -"<emphasis>when</emphasis> they do, they can forge a consensus position on " -"regulation." +"can fit around a single boardroom table, they often do. And <emphasis>when</" +"emphasis> they do, they can forge a consensus position on regulation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2892 msgid "" "Rising through the ranks in a concentrated industry generally means working " "at two or three of the big companies. When there are only relatively few " @@ -3688,7 +3335,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2904 msgid "" "Highly concentrated industries also present a regulatory conundrum. When an " "industry is dominated by just four or five companies, the only people who " @@ -3701,7 +3347,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2915 msgid "" "All this is to say that the tight social bonds, small number of firms, and " "regulatory capture of concentrated industries give the companies that " @@ -3710,31 +3355,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2921 msgid "" -"This is increasingly obvious. Whether it’s payday lenders <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/02/25/how-payday-lending-industry-insider-tilted-academic-research-its-favor/\">winning " -"the right to practice predatory lending</ulink> or Apple <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/mgxayp/source-apple-will-fight-right-to-repair-legislation\">winning " -"the right to decide who can fix your phone</ulink> or Google and Facebook " -"winning the right to breach your private data without suffering meaningful " -"consequences or victories for pipeline companies or impunity for opioid " -"manufacturers or massive tax subsidies for incredibly profitable dominant " -"businesses, it’s increasingly apparent that many of our official, " +"This is increasingly obvious. Whether it’s payday lenders <ulink url=" +"\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/02/25/how-payday-lending-" +"industry-insider-tilted-academic-research-its-favor/\">winning the right to " +"practice predatory lending</ulink> or Apple <ulink url=\"https://www.vice." +"com/en_us/article/mgxayp/source-apple-will-fight-right-to-repair-legislation" +"\">winning the right to decide who can fix your phone</ulink> or Google and " +"Facebook winning the right to breach your private data without suffering " +"meaningful consequences or victories for pipeline companies or impunity for " +"opioid manufacturers or massive tax subsidies for incredibly profitable " +"dominant businesses, it’s increasingly apparent that many of our official, " "evidence-based truth-seeking processes are, in fact, auctions for sale to " "the highest bidder." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2935 msgid "" "It’s really impossible to overstate what a terrifying prospect this is. We " "live in an incredibly high-tech society, and none of us could acquire the " "expertise to evaluate every technological proposition that stands between us " "and our untimely, horrible deaths. You might devote your life to acquiring " -"the media literacy to distinguish good scientific journals from corrupt " -"pay-for-play lookalikes and the statistical literacy to evaluate the quality " -"of the analysis in the journals as well as the microbiology and epidemiology " +"the media literacy to distinguish good scientific journals from corrupt pay-" +"for-play lookalikes and the statistical literacy to evaluate the quality of " +"the analysis in the journals as well as the microbiology and epidemiology " "knowledge to determine whether you can trust claims about the safety of " "vaccines — but that would still leave you unqualified to judge whether the " "wiring in your home will give you a lethal shock <emphasis>and</emphasis> " @@ -3744,7 +3388,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2952 msgid "" "In a world as complex as this one, we have to defer to authorities, and we " "keep them honest by making those authorities accountable to us and binding " @@ -3755,12 +3398,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2961 msgid "Right now, it’s obviously not." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2964 msgid "" "The past 40 years of rising inequality and industry concentration, together " "with increasingly weak accountability and transparency for expert agencies, " @@ -3771,7 +3412,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2972 msgid "" "For example, it’s been decades since Exxon’s own scientists concluded that " "its products would render the Earth uninhabitable by humans. And yet those " @@ -3784,7 +3424,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2983 msgid "" "The collapse of the credibility of our systems for divining and upholding " "truths has left us in a state of epistemological chaos. Once, most of us " @@ -3795,7 +3434,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:2992 msgid "" "If you’re like me, you probably believe that vaccines are safe, but you " "(like me) probably also can’t explain the microbiology or statistics. Few of " @@ -3806,14 +3444,13 @@ msgid "" "embraced by medical authorities, after all, and one is safe while the other " "could ruin your life. You’re left with a kind of inchoate constellation of " "rules of thumb about which experts you trust to fact-check controversial " -"claims and then to explain how all those respectable doctors with their " -"peer-reviewed research on opioid safety <emphasis>were</emphasis> an " -"aberration and then how you know that the doctors writing about vaccine " -"safety are <emphasis>not</emphasis> an aberration." +"claims and then to explain how all those respectable doctors with their peer-" +"reviewed research on opioid safety <emphasis>were</emphasis> an aberration " +"and then how you know that the doctors writing about vaccine safety are " +"<emphasis>not</emphasis> an aberration." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3009 msgid "" "I’m 100% certain that vaccinating is safe and effective, but I’m also at " "something of a loss to explain exactly, <emphasis>precisely,</emphasis> why " @@ -3823,28 +3460,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3017 msgid "" "Fake news — conspiracy theories, racist ideologies, scientific denialism — " "has always been with us. What’s changed today is not the mix of ideas in the " -"public discourse but the popularity of the worst ideas in that " -"mix. Conspiracy and denial have skyrocketed in lockstep with the growth of " -"Big Inequality, which has also tracked the rise of Big Tech and Big Pharma " -"and Big Wrestling and Big Car and Big Movie Theater and Big Everything Else." +"public discourse but the popularity of the worst ideas in that mix. " +"Conspiracy and denial have skyrocketed in lockstep with the growth of Big " +"Inequality, which has also tracked the rise of Big Tech and Big Pharma and " +"Big Wrestling and Big Car and Big Movie Theater and Big Everything Else." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3026 msgid "" "No one can say for certain why this has happened, but the two dominant camps " "are idealism (the belief that the people who argue for these conspiracies " -"have gotten better at explaining them, maybe with the help of " -"machine-learning tools) or materialism (the ideas have become more " -"attractive because of material conditions in the world)." +"have gotten better at explaining them, maybe with the help of machine-" +"learning tools) or materialism (the ideas have become more attractive " +"because of material conditions in the world)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3034 msgid "" "I’m a materialist. I’ve been exposed to the arguments of conspiracy " "theorists all my life, and I have not experienced any qualitative leap in " @@ -3852,7 +3486,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3039 msgid "" "The major difference is in the world, not the arguments. In a time where " "actual conspiracies are commonplace, conspiracy theories acquire a ring of " @@ -3860,29 +3493,25 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3044 msgid "" "We have always had disagreements about what’s true, but today, we have a " "disagreement over how we know whether something is true. This is an " "epistemological crisis, not a crisis over belief. It’s a crisis over the " "credibility of our truth-seeking exercises, from scientific journals (in an " -"era where the biggest journal publishers have been caught producing " -"pay-to-play journals for junk science) to regulations (in an era where " -"regulators are routinely cycling in and out of business) to education (in an " -"era where universities are dependent on corporate donations to keep their " -"lights on)." +"era where the biggest journal publishers have been caught producing pay-to-" +"play journals for junk science) to regulations (in an era where regulators " +"are routinely cycling in and out of business) to education (in an era where " +"universities are dependent on corporate donations to keep their lights on)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3055 msgid "" "Targeting — surveillance capitalism — makes it easier to find people who are " -"undergoing this epistemological crisis, but it doesn’t create the " -"crisis. For that, you need to look to corruption." +"undergoing this epistemological crisis, but it doesn’t create the crisis. " +"For that, you need to look to corruption." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3060 msgid "" "And, conveniently enough, it’s corruption that allows surveillance " "capitalism to grow by dismantling monopoly protections, by permitting " @@ -3893,12 +3522,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3069 msgid "Tech is different" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3071 msgid "" "I reject both iterations of technological exceptionalism. I reject the idea " "that tech is uniquely terrible and led by people who are greedier or worse " @@ -3908,7 +3535,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3079 msgid "" "I think tech is just another industry, albeit one that grew up in the " "absence of real monopoly constraints. It may have been first, but it isn’t " @@ -3916,7 +3542,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3084 msgid "" "But there’s one way in which I <emphasis>am</emphasis> a tech " "exceptionalist. I believe that online tools are the key to overcoming " @@ -3929,7 +3554,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3095 msgid "" "The hard problem of our species is coordination. Everything from climate " "change to social change to running a business to making a family work can be " @@ -3937,7 +3561,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3100 msgid "" "The internet makes it easier than at any time before to find people who want " "to work on a project with you — hence the success of free and open-source " @@ -3946,18 +3569,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3106 msgid "" "The internet and the computers we connect to it also possess an exceptional " "quality: general-purposeness. The internet is designed to allow any two " "parties to communicate any data, using any protocol, without permission from " -"anyone else. The only production design we have for computers is the " -"general-purpose, <quote>Turing complete</quote> computer that can run every " -"program we can express in symbolic logic." +"anyone else. The only production design we have for computers is the general-" +"purpose, <quote>Turing complete</quote> computer that can run every program " +"we can express in symbolic logic." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3115 msgid "" "This means that every time someone with a special communications need " "invests in infrastructure and techniques to make the internet faster, " @@ -3969,7 +3590,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3124 msgid "" "For these reasons, every type of communication is gradually absorbed into " "the internet, and every type of device — from airplanes to pacemakers — " @@ -3977,7 +3597,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3129 msgid "" "While these considerations don’t preclude regulating networks and computers, " "they do call for gravitas and caution when doing so because changes to " @@ -3986,7 +3605,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3135 msgid "" "The upshot of this is that our best hope of solving the big coordination " "problems — climate change, inequality, etc. — is with free, fair, and open " @@ -3996,12 +3614,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3143 msgid "Ownership of facts" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3145 msgid "" "Big Tech has a funny relationship with information. When you’re generating " "information — anything from the location data streaming off your mobile " @@ -4010,7 +3626,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3152 msgid "" "But when you have the audacity to turn the tables — to use a tool that " "blocks ads or slurps your waiting updates out of a social network and puts " @@ -4020,7 +3635,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3159 msgid "" "The thing is, information is a very bad fit for any kind of private property " "regime. Property rights are useful for establishing markets that can lead to " @@ -4030,7 +3644,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3166 msgid "" "Information rarely has such a clear title. Take phone numbers: There’s " "clearly something going wrong when Facebook slurps up millions of users’ " @@ -4039,7 +3652,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3173 msgid "" "But the phone numbers Facebook nonconsensually acquires in this transaction " "are not the <quote>property</quote> of the users they’re taken from nor do " @@ -4051,7 +3663,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3182 msgid "" "Likewise for the facts that Facebook and other commercial surveillance " "operators acquire about us, like that we are the children of our parents or " @@ -4066,19 +3677,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3195 msgid "" "If you go to a Black Lives Matter demonstration, do the other demonstrators " "need your permission to post their photos from the event? The online fights " -"over <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.wired.com/story/how-to-take-photos-at-protests/\">when and " -"how to post photos from demonstrations</ulink> reveal a nuanced, complex " -"issue that cannot be easily hand-waved away by giving one party a property " -"right that everyone else in the mix has to respect." +"over <ulink url=\"https://www.wired.com/story/how-to-take-photos-at-protests/" +"\">when and how to post photos from demonstrations</ulink> reveal a nuanced, " +"complex issue that cannot be easily hand-waved away by giving one party a " +"property right that everyone else in the mix has to respect." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3204 msgid "" "The fact that information isn’t a good fit with property and markets doesn’t " "mean that it’s not valuable. Babies aren’t property, but they’re inarguably " @@ -4090,7 +3698,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3213 msgid "" "It’s tempting to reach for the property hammer when Big Tech treats your " "information like a nail — not least because Big Tech are such prolific " @@ -4103,7 +3710,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3224 msgid "" "Meanwhile, establishing property rights over information will create " "insurmountable barriers to independent data processing. Imagine that we " @@ -4119,7 +3725,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3239 msgid "" "The same goes for things like search indexes of the web or photos of " "peoples’ houses, which have become contentious thanks to Google’s Street " @@ -4135,7 +3740,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3253 msgid "" "The ownership of facts is antithetical to many kinds of human progress. It’s " "hard to imagine a rule that limits Big Tech’s exploitation of our collective " @@ -4147,12 +3751,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3263 msgid "Persuasion works… slowly" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3265 msgid "" "The platforms may oversell their ability to persuade people, but obviously, " "persuasion works sometimes. Whether it’s the private realm that LGBTQ people " @@ -4163,10 +3765,9 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3274 msgid "" -"The project of shifting societal attitudes is a game of inches and " -"years. For centuries, svengalis have purported to be able to accelerate this " +"The project of shifting societal attitudes is a game of inches and years. " +"For centuries, svengalis have purported to be able to accelerate this " "process, but even the most brutal forms of propaganda have struggled to make " "permanent changes. Joseph Goebbels was able to subject Germans to daily, " "mandatory, hourslong radio broadcasts, to round up and torture and murder " @@ -4176,7 +3777,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3285 msgid "" "Yet, after 12 years of terror, once the war ended, Nazi ideology was largely " "discredited in both East and West Germany, and a program of national truth " @@ -4188,7 +3788,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3295 msgid "" "Racism and authoritarianism have also always been with us. Anyone who’s " "reviewed the kind of messages and arguments that racists put forward today " @@ -4200,39 +3799,35 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3304 msgid "" "If racists haven’t gotten more convincing in the past decade, then how is it " "that more people were convinced to be openly racist at that time? I believe " "that the answer lies in the material world, not the world of ideas. The " -"ideas haven’t gotten more convincing, but people have become more " -"afraid. Afraid that the state can’t be trusted to act as an honest broker in " -"life-or-death decisions, from those regarding the management of the economy " -"to the regulation of painkillers to the rules for handling private " -"information. Afraid that the world has become a game of musical chairs in " -"which the chairs are being taken away at a never-before-seen rate. Afraid " -"that justice for others will come at their expense. Monopolism isn’t the " -"cause of these fears, but the inequality and material desperation and policy " -"malpractice that monopolism contributes to is a significant contributor to " -"these conditions. Inequality creates the conditions for both conspiracies " -"and violent racist ideologies, and then surveillance capitalism lets " +"ideas haven’t gotten more convincing, but people have become more afraid. " +"Afraid that the state can’t be trusted to act as an honest broker in life-or-" +"death decisions, from those regarding the management of the economy to the " +"regulation of painkillers to the rules for handling private information. " +"Afraid that the world has become a game of musical chairs in which the " +"chairs are being taken away at a never-before-seen rate. Afraid that justice " +"for others will come at their expense. Monopolism isn’t the cause of these " +"fears, but the inequality and material desperation and policy malpractice " +"that monopolism contributes to is a significant contributor to these " +"conditions. Inequality creates the conditions for both conspiracies and " +"violent racist ideologies, and then surveillance capitalism lets " "opportunists target the fearful and the conspiracy-minded." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3323 msgid "Paying won’t help" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3325 msgid "" "As the old saw goes, <quote>If you’re not paying for the product, you’re the " "product.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3329 msgid "" "It’s a commonplace belief today that the advent of free, ad-supported media " "was the original sin of surveillance capitalism. The reasoning is that the " @@ -4246,10 +3841,9 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3341 msgid "" -"But the degradation of news products long precedes the advent of " -"ad-supported online news. Long before newspapers were online, lax antitrust " +"But the degradation of news products long precedes the advent of ad-" +"supported online news. Long before newspapers were online, lax antitrust " "enforcement had opened the door for unprecedented waves of consolidation and " "roll-ups in newsrooms. Rival newspapers were merged, reporters and ad sales " "staff were laid off, physical plants were sold and leased back, leaving the " @@ -4261,20 +3855,18 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3354 msgid "" "Then, as news companies <emphasis>did</emphasis> come online, the ad " "revenues they commanded dropped even as the number of internet users (and " "thus potential online readers) increased. That shift was a function of " "consolidation in the ad sales market, with Google and Facebook emerging as " "duopolists who made more money every year from advertising while paying less " -"and less of it to the publishers whose work the ads appeared " -"alongside. Monopolism created a buyer’s market for ad inventory with " -"Facebook and Google acting as gatekeepers." +"and less of it to the publishers whose work the ads appeared alongside. " +"Monopolism created a buyer’s market for ad inventory with Facebook and " +"Google acting as gatekeepers." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3364 msgid "" "Paid services continue to exist alongside free ones, and often it is these " "paid services — anxious to prevent people from bypassing their paywalls or " @@ -4283,18 +3875,18 @@ msgid "" "their profitability, Apple has to lock its platforms so that third parties " "can’t make compatible software without permission. These locks allow the " "company to exercise both editorial control (enabling it to exclude <ulink " -"url=\"https://ncac.org/news/blog/does-apples-strict-app-store-content-policy-limit-freedom-of-expression\">controversial " -"political material</ulink>) and technological control, including control " -"over who can repair the devices it makes. If we’re worried that ad-supported " -"products deprive people of their right to self-determination by using " -"persuasion techniques to nudge their purchase decisions a few degrees in one " -"direction or the other, then the near-total control a single company holds " -"over the decision of who gets to sell you software, parts, and service for " -"your iPhone should have us very worried indeed." +"url=\"https://ncac.org/news/blog/does-apples-strict-app-store-content-policy-" +"limit-freedom-of-expression\">controversial political material</ulink>) and " +"technological control, including control over who can repair the devices it " +"makes. If we’re worried that ad-supported products deprive people of their " +"right to self-determination by using persuasion techniques to nudge their " +"purchase decisions a few degrees in one direction or the other, then the " +"near-total control a single company holds over the decision of who gets to " +"sell you software, parts, and service for your iPhone should have us very " +"worried indeed." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3383 msgid "" "We shouldn’t just be concerned about payment and control: The idea that " "paying will improve discourse is also dangerously wrong. The poor success " @@ -4308,7 +3900,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3394 msgid "" "Perhaps paying would fix this, the reasoning goes. If platforms could be " "economically viable even if you stopped clicking on them once your " @@ -4317,7 +3908,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3401 msgid "" "There may be something to that argument, but it still ignores the wider " "economic and political context of the platforms and the world that allowed " @@ -4325,7 +3915,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3406 msgid "" "Platforms are world-spanning and all-encompassing because they are " "monopolies, and they are monopolies because we have gutted our most " @@ -4338,7 +3927,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3417 msgid "" "In this wildly unequal world, paying doesn’t improve the discourse; it " "simply prices discourse out of the range of the majority of people. Paying " @@ -4346,7 +3934,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3422 msgid "" "If you think today’s filter bubbles are a problem for our discourse, imagine " "what they’d be like if rich people inhabited free-flowing Athenian " @@ -4362,13 +3949,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3436 msgid "" "Behind the idea of paying for access is a belief that free markets will " "address Big Tech’s dysfunction. After all, to the extent that people have a " "view of surveillance at all, it is generally an unfavorable one, and the " -"longer and more thoroughly one is surveilled, the less one tends to like " -"it. Same goes for lock-in: If HP’s ink or Apple’s App Store were really " +"longer and more thoroughly one is surveilled, the less one tends to like it. " +"Same goes for lock-in: If HP’s ink or Apple’s App Store were really " "obviously fantastic, they wouldn’t need technical measures to prevent users " "from choosing a rival’s product. The only reason these technical " "countermeasures exist is that the companies don’t believe their customers " @@ -4377,7 +3963,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3449 msgid "" "Advocates for markets laud their ability to aggregate the diffused knowledge " "of buyers and sellers across a whole society through demand signals, price " @@ -4385,13 +3970,12 @@ msgid "" "<quote>rogue capitalism</quote> is that machine-learning-driven persuasion " "techniques distort decision-making by consumers, leading to incorrect " "signals — consumers don’t buy what they prefer, they buy what they’re " -"tricked into preferring. It follows that the monopolistic practices of " -"lock-in, which do far more to constrain consumers’ free choices, are even " -"more of a <quote>rogue capitalism.</quote>" +"tricked into preferring. It follows that the monopolistic practices of lock-" +"in, which do far more to constrain consumers’ free choices, are even more of " +"a <quote>rogue capitalism.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3461 msgid "" "The profitability of any business is constrained by the possibility that its " "customers will take their business elsewhere. Both surveillance and lock-in " @@ -4403,7 +3987,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3471 msgid "" "Ultimately, surveillance and lock-in are both simply business strategies " "that monopolists can choose. Surveillance companies like Google are " @@ -4419,22 +4002,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3486 msgid "An <quote>ecology</quote> moment for trustbusting" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3488 msgid "" "If we’re going to break Big Tech’s death grip on our digital lives, we’re " -"going to have to fight monopolies. That may sound pretty mundane and " -"old-fashioned, something out of the New Deal era, while ending the use of " +"going to have to fight monopolies. That may sound pretty mundane and old-" +"fashioned, something out of the New Deal era, while ending the use of " "automated behavioral modification feels like the plotline of a really cool " "cyberpunk novel." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3495 msgid "" "Meanwhile, breaking up monopolies is something we seem to have forgotten how " "to do. There is a bipartisan, trans-Atlantic consensus that breaking up " @@ -4445,7 +4025,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3503 msgid "" "But trustbusters once strode the nation, brandishing law books, terrorizing " "robber barons, and shattering the illusion of monopolies’ all-powerful grip " @@ -4455,23 +4034,20 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3511 msgid "Could we find that political will again?" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3514 msgid "" -"Copyright scholar James Boyle has described how the term " -"<quote>ecology</quote> marked a turning point in environmental " -"activism. Prior to the adoption of this term, people who wanted to preserve " -"whale populations didn’t necessarily see themselves as fighting the same " -"battle as people who wanted to protect the ozone layer or fight freshwater " -"pollution or beat back smog or acid rain." +"Copyright scholar James Boyle has described how the term <quote>ecology</" +"quote> marked a turning point in environmental activism. Prior to the " +"adoption of this term, people who wanted to preserve whale populations " +"didn’t necessarily see themselves as fighting the same battle as people who " +"wanted to protect the ozone layer or fight freshwater pollution or beat back " +"smog or acid rain." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3522 msgid "" "But the term <quote>ecology</quote> welded these disparate causes together " "into a single movement, and the members of this movement found solidarity " @@ -4484,7 +4060,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3533 msgid "" "I believe we are on the verge of a new <quote>ecology</quote> moment " "dedicated to combating monopolies. After all, tech isn’t the only " @@ -4493,19 +4068,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3539 msgid "" -"You can find partisans for trustbusting in every sector of the " -"economy. Everywhere you look, you can find people who’ve been wronged by " -"monopolists who’ve trashed their finances, their health, their privacy, " -"their educations, and the lives of people they love. Those people have the " -"same cause as the people who want to break up Big Tech and the same " -"enemies. When most of the world’s wealth is in the hands of a very few, it " -"follows that nearly every large company will have overlapping shareholders." +"You can find partisans for trustbusting in every sector of the economy. " +"Everywhere you look, you can find people who’ve been wronged by monopolists " +"who’ve trashed their finances, their health, their privacy, their " +"educations, and the lives of people they love. Those people have the same " +"cause as the people who want to break up Big Tech and the same enemies. When " +"most of the world’s wealth is in the hands of a very few, it follows that " +"nearly every large company will have overlapping shareholders." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3549 msgid "" "That’s the good news: With a little bit of work and a little bit of " "coalition building, we have more than enough political will to break up Big " @@ -4514,7 +4087,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3555 msgid "" "But here’s the bad news: Much of what we’re doing to tame Big Tech " "<emphasis>instead</emphasis> of breaking up the big companies also " @@ -4522,21 +4094,19 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3560 msgid "" "Big Tech’s concentration currently means that their inaction on harassment, " "for example, leaves users with an impossible choice: absent themselves from " -"public discourse by, say, quitting Twitter or endure vile, constant " -"abuse. Big Tech’s over-collection and over-retention of data results in " -"horrific identity theft. And their inaction on extremist recruitment means " -"that white supremacists who livestream their shooting rampages can reach an " -"audience of billions. The combination of tech concentration and media " -"concentration means that artists’ incomes are falling even as the revenue " -"generated by their creations are increasing." +"public discourse by, say, quitting Twitter or endure vile, constant abuse. " +"Big Tech’s over-collection and over-retention of data results in horrific " +"identity theft. And their inaction on extremist recruitment means that white " +"supremacists who livestream their shooting rampages can reach an audience of " +"billions. The combination of tech concentration and media concentration " +"means that artists’ incomes are falling even as the revenue generated by " +"their creations are increasing." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3572 msgid "" "Yet governments confronting all of these problems all inevitably converge on " "the same solution: deputize the Big Tech giants to police their users and " @@ -4547,7 +4117,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3581 msgid "" "These rules — the EU’s new Directive on Copyright, Australia’s new terror " "regulation, America’s FOSTA/SESTA sex-trafficking law and more — are not " @@ -4558,7 +4127,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3590 msgid "" "That’s because any move to break up Big Tech and cut it down to size will " "have to cope with the hard limit of not making these companies so small that " @@ -4567,13 +4135,11 @@ msgid "" "outsource content moderation. It’s already going to be hard to unwind these " "deeply concentrated, chimeric behemoths that have been welded together in " "the pursuit of monopoly profits. Doing so while simultaneously finding some " -"way to fill the regulatory void that will be left behind if these " -"self-policing rulers were forced to suddenly abdicate will be much, much " -"harder." +"way to fill the regulatory void that will be left behind if these self-" +"policing rulers were forced to suddenly abdicate will be much, much harder." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3602 msgid "" "Allowing the platforms to grow to their present size has given them a " "dominance that is nearly insurmountable — deputizing them with public duties " @@ -4585,7 +4151,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3612 msgid "" "We can work to fix the internet by breaking up Big Tech and depriving them " "of monopoly profits, or we can work to fix Big Tech by making them spend " @@ -4596,12 +4161,10 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3620 msgid "Make Big Tech small again" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3622 msgid "" "Trustbusting is hard. Breaking big companies into smaller ones is expensive " "and time-consuming. So time-consuming that by the time you’re done, the " @@ -4612,14 +4175,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><blockquote><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3632 msgid "" "A future U.S. president could simply direct their attorney general to " "enforce the law as it was written." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3637 msgid "" "It’s far easier to prevent concentration than to fix it, and reinstating the " "traditional contours of U.S. antitrust enforcement will, at the very least, " @@ -4629,7 +4190,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3645 msgid "" "These powers are all in the plain language of U.S. antitrust laws, so in " "theory, a future U.S. president could simply direct their attorney general " @@ -4641,7 +4201,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3654 msgid "" "If the courts frustrate the Justice Department and the president, the next " "stop would be Congress, which could eliminate any doubt about how antitrust " @@ -4657,7 +4216,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3668 msgid "" "But this only prevents things from getting worse. To help them get better, " "we will have to build coalitions with other activists in the anti-monopoly " @@ -4668,41 +4226,37 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3677 msgid "" "In an important sense, it doesn’t matter which industry the breakups begin " "in. Once they start, shareholders in <emphasis>every</emphasis> industry " "will start to eye their investments in monopolists skeptically. As " "trustbusters ride into town and start making lives miserable for " -"monopolists, the debate around every corporate boardroom’s table will " -"shift. People within corporations who’ve always felt uneasy about monopolism " -"will gain a powerful new argument to fend off their evil rivals in the " -"corporate hierarchy: <quote>If we do it my way, we make less money; if we do " -"it your way, a judge will fine us billions and expose us to ridicule and " -"public disapprobation. So even though I get that it would be really cool to " -"do that merger, lock out that competitor, or buy that little company and " -"kill it before it can threaten it, we really shouldn’t — not if we don’t " -"want to get tied to the DOJ’s bumper and get dragged up and down Trustbuster " -"Road for the next 10 years.</quote>" +"monopolists, the debate around every corporate boardroom’s table will shift. " +"People within corporations who’ve always felt uneasy about monopolism will " +"gain a powerful new argument to fend off their evil rivals in the corporate " +"hierarchy: <quote>If we do it my way, we make less money; if we do it your " +"way, a judge will fine us billions and expose us to ridicule and public " +"disapprobation. So even though I get that it would be really cool to do that " +"merger, lock out that competitor, or buy that little company and kill it " +"before it can threaten it, we really shouldn’t — not if we don’t want to get " +"tied to the DOJ’s bumper and get dragged up and down Trustbuster Road for " +"the next 10 years.</quote>" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3694 msgid "20 GOTO 10" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3696 msgid "" "Fixing Big Tech will require a lot of iteration. As cyber lawyer Lawrence " -"Lessig wrote in his 1999 book, <emphasis>Code and Other Laws of " -"Cyberspace</emphasis>, our lives are regulated by four forces: law (what’s " -"legal), code (what’s technologically possible), norms (what’s socially " -"acceptable), and markets (what’s profitable)." +"Lessig wrote in his 1999 book, <emphasis>Code and Other Laws of Cyberspace</" +"emphasis>, our lives are regulated by four forces: law (what’s legal), code " +"(what’s technologically possible), norms (what’s socially acceptable), and " +"markets (what’s profitable)." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3703 msgid "" "If you could wave a wand and get Congress to pass a law that re-fanged the " "Sherman Act tomorrow, you could use the impending breakups to convince " @@ -4711,34 +4265,30 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3710 msgid "" "But getting Congress to act will require a massive normative shift, a mass " "movement of people who care about monopolies — and pulling them apart." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3715 msgid "" "Getting people to care about monopolies will take technological " "interventions that help them to see what a world free from Big Tech might " -"look like. Imagine if someone could make a beloved (but unauthorized) " -"third-party Facebook or Twitter client that dampens the anxiety-producing " +"look like. Imagine if someone could make a beloved (but unauthorized) third-" +"party Facebook or Twitter client that dampens the anxiety-producing " "algorithmic drumbeat and still lets you talk to your friends without being " -"spied upon — something that made social media more sociable and less " -"toxic. Now imagine that it gets shut down in a brutal legal battle. It’s " -"always easier to convince people that something must be done to save a thing " -"they love than it is to excite them about something that doesn’t even exist " -"yet." +"spied upon — something that made social media more sociable and less toxic. " +"Now imagine that it gets shut down in a brutal legal battle. It’s always " +"easier to convince people that something must be done to save a thing they " +"love than it is to excite them about something that doesn’t even exist yet." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3727 msgid "" -"Neither tech nor law nor code nor markets are sufficient to reform Big " -"Tech. But a profitable competitor to Big Tech could bankroll a legislative " -"push; legal reform can embolden a toolsmith to make a better tool; the tool " -"can create customers for a potential business who value the benefits of the " +"Neither tech nor law nor code nor markets are sufficient to reform Big Tech. " +"But a profitable competitor to Big Tech could bankroll a legislative push; " +"legal reform can embolden a toolsmith to make a better tool; the tool can " +"create customers for a potential business who value the benefits of the " "internet but want them delivered without Big Tech; and that business can get " "funded and divert some of its profits to legal reform. 20 GOTO 10 (or " "lather, rinse, repeat). Do it again, but this time, get farther! After all, " @@ -4749,19 +4299,17 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3741 msgid "" "The surveillance capitalism hypothesis — that Big Tech’s products really " "work as well as they say they do and that’s why everything is so screwed up " "— is way too easy on surveillance and even easier on capitalism. Companies " "spy because they believe their own BS, and companies spy because governments " -"let them, and companies spy because any advantage from spying is so " -"short-lived and minor that they have to do more and more of it just to stay " -"in place." +"let them, and companies spy because any advantage from spying is so short-" +"lived and minor that they have to do more and more of it just to stay in " +"place." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3750 msgid "" "As to why things are so screwed up? Capitalism. Specifically, the monopolism " "that creates inequality and the inequality that creates monopolism. It’s a " @@ -4774,7 +4322,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3761 msgid "" "Surveillance doesn’t make capitalism rogue. Capitalism’s unchecked rule " "begets surveillance. Surveillance isn’t bad because it lets people " @@ -4786,19 +4333,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3770 msgid "Up and through" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3772 msgid "" "With all the problems of Big Tech, it’s tempting to imagine solving the " "problem by returning to a world without tech at all. Resist that temptation." msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3777 msgid "" "The only way out of our Big Tech problem is up and through. If our future is " "not reliant upon high tech, it will be because civilization has fallen. Big " @@ -4810,7 +4354,6 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> -#: how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.xml:3787 msgid "" "I am, secretly, despite what I have said earlier, a tech exceptionalist. Not " "in the sense of thinking that tech should be given a free pass to monopolize " diff --git a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.nb.po b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.nb.po index e38356a..a621419 100644 --- a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.nb.po +++ b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.nb.po @@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism n/a\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-11-02 01:06+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-01-09 23:13+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2021-01-09 22:12+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Petter Reinholdtsen <pere-weblate@hungry.com>\n" -"Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/" -"rms-personal-data-safe/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/nb_NO/>\n" +"Language-Team: Norwegian Bokmål <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/rms-" +"personal-data-safe/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/nb_NO/>\n" "Language: nb\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" @@ -125,35 +125,10 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><abstract><para> msgid "" -"Our devices and services gather most of the data that the NSA mines for its " -"surveillance project. We pay for these devices and the services they connect " -"to, and then we painstakingly perform the data-entry tasks associated with " -"logging facts about our lives, opinions, and preferences." +"The Science Fiction author, journalist and technology activist Cory Doctorow " +"have a look at what really is behind \"Surveillance Capitalism\" and what " +"should be done to stop it." msgstr "" -"Vårt utstyr og tjenester samler de fleste dataene som NSA utvinner til sitt " -"overvåkingsprosjekt. Vi betaler for dette utstyret og de tjenestene de " -"kobler seg til, og så utfører vi møysommelig dataregistreringsoppgavene " -"knyttet til logging av fakta om våre liv, meninger og preferanser." - -#. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><abstract><para> -msgid "" -"Thanks to Big Tech, Surveillance capitalism is everywhere. This is not " -"because it is really good at manipulating our behaviour, or the rogue abuse " -"of corporate power. It is the result of unchecked monopolism and the " -"abusive behavior it abets. It is the system working as intended and " -"expected. Cory Doctorow has written an extended critique of Shoshana " -"Zuboff's The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at " -"the New Frontier of Power, with a non-magical analysis of the problem " -"leading to a different proposal for a solution." -msgstr "" -"Takket være storteknologien, så er overvåkningskapitalismen over alt. Dette " -"er ikke fordi den er så flink til å manipuleres oppførselen vår, eller " -"uautorisert misbruk av selskapsmakt. Det er resultatet av ukontrollert " -"monopolpraksis og overgrepene den fører til. Det er systemet som virker som " -"forventet og etter hensikten. Cory Doctorow har i sin utvidede kritikk av " -"Shoshana Zuboff sin Overvåkingskapitalismens tidsalder: Kampen for en " -"menneskelig fremtid ved maktens nye frontlinje, analysert problemet uten " -"bruk av magi hvilket fører til et annet forslag til løsning." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> msgid "The net of a thousand lies" @@ -292,13 +267,14 @@ msgstr "" "talegaver til en magisk manipulator med evne til å finne de sårbare blant " "oss og ved hjelp av argumenter skapt med kunstig intelligens, og sette " "vettet deres ut av spill og gjøre dem til flat-jord-tilhengere, " -"vaksineskeptikere eller til og med nynazister. Når RAND <ulink url=\"https" -"://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR400/RR453/RAND_RR453" -".pdf\">beskylder Facebook for <quote>radikalisering</quote></ulink>, og når " -"Facebook i sin tur sprer feilinformasjon om coronaviruset <ulink url=\"https" -"://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/en/facebook_threat_health/\">og bortforklarer " -"det ved å henvise til algoritmene sine</ulink>, er det implisitte budskapet " -"at maskinlæring og overvåkning kan endre vår oppfattelse av hva som er sant." +"vaksineskeptikere eller til og med nynazister. Når RAND <ulink url=\"https://" +"www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR400/RR453/RAND_RR453." +"pdf\">beskylder Facebook for <quote>radikalisering</quote></ulink>, og når " +"Facebook i sin tur sprer feilinformasjon om coronaviruset <ulink url=" +"\"https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/en/facebook_threat_health/\">og " +"bortforklarer det ved å henvise til algoritmene sine</ulink>, er det " +"implisitte budskapet at maskinlæring og overvåkning kan endre vår " +"oppfattelse av hva som er sant." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -474,21 +450,20 @@ msgstr "" "stiftelsen (EFF) rundet 30 i år; The Free Software Foundation ble stiftet i " "1985. Den viktigste kritikken bevegelsen er blitt møtt med i nesten alle " "årene den har eksistert, er at den er irrelevant. Ekte aktivisme rettet seg " -"mot den virkelige verden. Bare tenk på skepsisen <ulink url=\"https://www.loc" -".gov/law/foreign-news/article/" -"finland-legal-right-to-broadband-for-all-citizens/#:~:text=Global%20Legal%20M" -"onitor,-Home%20%7C%20Search%20%7C%20Browse&text=(July%206%2C%202010)%20On" -",connection%20100%20MBPS%20by%202015.\">Finland ble møtt med da landet i " -"2010 vedtok at bredbåndtilgang er en menneskerett</ulink>. Ekte aktivisme " -"kunne ikke rette seg mot forhold i den digitale verden. Tenk i den " -"sammenhengen på Malcolm Gladwells <ulink url=\"https://www.newyorker.com/" -"magazine/2010/10/04/small-change-malcolm-gladwell\">forakt for det han kalte " -"<quote>kliktivisme</quote></ulink>. Men datateknologien har vokst til å bli " -"en sentral del av vårt daglige liv, og med det har beskyldningene om " -"manglende relevans veket plassen for beskyldninger enten om manglende " -"integritet, (<quote>Du bryr deg kun om teknologi fordi du <ulink url=\"https" -"://www.ipwatchdog.com/2018/06/04/" -"report-engine-eff-shills-google-patent-reform/id=98007/\">jobber for et " +"mot den virkelige verden. Bare tenk på skepsisen <ulink url=\"https://www." +"loc.gov/law/foreign-news/article/finland-legal-right-to-broadband-for-all-" +"citizens/#:~:text=Global%20Legal%20Monitor,-Home%20%7C%20Search%20%7C" +"%20Browse&text=(July%206%2C%202010)%20On,connection%20100%20MBPS%20by" +"%202015.\">Finland ble møtt med da landet i 2010 vedtok at bredbåndtilgang " +"er en menneskerett</ulink>. Ekte aktivisme kunne ikke rette seg mot forhold " +"i den digitale verden. Tenk i den sammenhengen på Malcolm Gladwells <ulink " +"url=\"https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2010/10/04/small-change-malcolm-" +"gladwell\">forakt for det han kalte <quote>kliktivisme</quote></ulink>. Men " +"datateknologien har vokst til å bli en sentral del av vårt daglige liv, og " +"med det har beskyldningene om manglende relevans veket plassen for " +"beskyldninger enten om manglende integritet, (<quote>Du bryr deg kun om " +"teknologi fordi du <ulink url=\"https://www.ipwatchdog.com/2018/06/04/report-" +"engine-eff-shills-google-patent-reform/id=98007/\">jobber for et " "teknologiselskap</ulink>.</quote>.), eller beskyldninger om manglende " "oppmerksomhet og framsynthet (<quote>Hvorfor forutså du ikke at teknologi " "kom til å bli en så destruktiv kraft?</quote>). Men digital " @@ -575,9 +550,9 @@ msgstr "" "<quote>virkelige verden</quote>. Påstander om at ytringer, assosiasjoner, " "søkeadferd på nettet, ja, hele privatsfæren og med det grunnleggende " "menneskerettigheter blir påvirket av datateknologien ble betraktet som " -"latterlige. De så for seg at datanerder som kranglet om <emphasis>Star " -"Trek</emphasis>-universet så på seg selv som frihetskjempere på linje med " -"Nelson Mandela og opprørerne i Warszawagettoen." +"latterlige. De så for seg at datanerder som kranglet om <emphasis>Star Trek</" +"emphasis>-universet så på seg selv som frihetskjempere på linje med Nelson " +"Mandela og opprørerne i Warszawagettoen." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -634,7 +609,8 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "But tech exceptionalism is a sin no matter who practices it." -msgstr "Men teknologieksepsjonalisme er en synd, uansett hvem som bedriver den." +msgstr "" +"Men teknologieksepsjonalisme er en synd, uansett hvem som bedriver den." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> msgid "Don’t believe the hype" @@ -966,10 +942,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Overvåkingskapitalismen fremmer også svindel ved å gjøre det enkelt å finne " "andre mennesker som har blitt lurt på samme måte, og danner et fellesskap av " -"mennesker som forsterker hverandres falske tro. Tenk på <ulink url=\"https" -"://www.vulture.com/2020/01/the-dream-podcast-review.html\">forumene</ulink> " -"hvor folk, som blir utsatt for flernivå markedsføringssvindel, samles for å " -"utveksle tips om hvordan de kan få det bedre ved å selv selge produktet." +"mennesker som forsterker hverandres falske tro. Tenk på <ulink url=" +"\"https://www.vulture.com/2020/01/the-dream-podcast-review.html\">forumene</" +"ulink> hvor folk, som blir utsatt for flernivå markedsføringssvindel, samles " +"for å utveksle tips om hvordan de kan få det bedre ved å selv selge " +"produktet." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" @@ -1302,12 +1279,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Men overvåkingskapitalismens marginer på atferdsendring stinker. Tredobling " "i hvor fort noen kjøper noe høres bra ut <ulink url=\"https://www.forbes.com/" -"sites/priceonomics/2018/03/09/" -"the-advertising-conversion-rates-for-every-major-tech-platform/#" -"2f6a67485957\">med mindre utgangspunktet er langt mindre enn 1 %</ulink> med " -"en økt rate på … fortsatt mindre enn 1 %. Der myntautomater krever en mynt " -"for hver runde, håver overvåkingskapitalismen bare inn uendelig små " -"brøkdeler av én krone." +"sites/priceonomics/2018/03/09/the-advertising-conversion-rates-for-every-" +"major-tech-platform/#2f6a67485957\">med mindre utgangspunktet er langt " +"mindre enn 1 %</ulink> med en økt rate på … fortsatt mindre enn 1 %. Der " +"myntautomater krever en mynt for hver runde, håver overvåkingskapitalismen " +"bare inn uendelig små brøkdeler av én krone." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><sect2><para> msgid "" @@ -1387,11 +1363,11 @@ msgid "" "just to stay in the same spot?" msgstr "" "Zuboff observerer dette fenomenet og konkluderer med at data må være svært " -"verdifullt hvis overvåkingskapitalismen er så sulten på det. (Med hennes ord:" -" <quote>Akkurat som industriell kapitalisme ble drevet til stadig mer intens " -"utnyttelse av produksjonsmidlene, slik er nå overvåkingskapitalistene og " -"deres markedsaktører låst inn i stadig mer intens utnyttelse av evnen til å " -"endre folks adferd gjennom den makten som akkumuleres i de innsamlede " +"verdifullt hvis overvåkingskapitalismen er så sulten på det. (Med hennes " +"ord: <quote>Akkurat som industriell kapitalisme ble drevet til stadig mer " +"intens utnyttelse av produksjonsmidlene, slik er nå overvåkingskapitalistene " +"og deres markedsaktører låst inn i stadig mer intens utnyttelse av evnen til " +"å endre folks adferd gjennom den makten som akkumuleres i de innsamlede " "datamengdene</quote>.) Men hva om den grådige appetitten kommer av at " "datakraften har så kort halveringstid — fordi folk så raskt herdes mot nye, " "datadrevne overtalelsesteknikker — at selskapene er låst i et våpenkappløp " @@ -2160,8 +2136,8 @@ msgstr "" "praksis, som har tillatt en håndfull selskaper å dominere Internett. Slik " "innledes informasjonsalderen med fem gigantiske nettsteder, hver av dem fylt " "med skjermavbildninger fra de fire andre <ulink url=\"https://twitter.com/" -"tveastman/status/1069674780826071040\">som en person på Twitter " -"bemerket</ulink>." +"tveastman/status/1069674780826071040\">som en person på Twitter bemerket</" +"ulink>." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -2362,8 +2338,8 @@ msgstr "" "Nærmere hjemmet bruker Apples iPhone tilsvarende tiltak for å forhindre både " "tredjepartstjenester og tredjeparts programvareinstallasjon. Dette gjør at " "Apple kan bestemme når en iPhone ikke kan repareres og må makuleres og " -"legges i avfallsdeponi, i stedet for at iPhone-kjøperen bestemmer dette. (" -"Apple er notorisk kjent for sin negative miljøpolitikk der de ødelegger " +"legges i avfallsdeponi, i stedet for at iPhone-kjøperen bestemmer dette. " +"(Apple er notorisk kjent for sin negative miljøpolitikk der de ødelegger " "gammel elektronikk i stedet for tillate gjenbruk av deler.) Dette er en " "svært nyttig maktutøvelse, spesielt i lys av at administrerende direktør Tim " "Cook i januar 2019 advarte investorer om at selskapets fortjeneste er truet " @@ -2410,13 +2386,13 @@ msgstr "" "\"https://www.telegraph.co.uk/technology/apple/5982243/Apple-bans-dictionary-" "from-App-Store-over-swear-words.html\">avvise ordbøker</ulink> som de mente " "inneholdt uanstendige ord; til å <ulink url=\"https://www.vice.com/en_us/" -"article/538kan/apple-just-banned-the-app-that-tracks-us-drone-strikes-again\"" -">begrense politiske uttalelser</ulink>, spesielt fra programmer som kommer " +"article/538kan/apple-just-banned-the-app-that-tracks-us-drone-strikes-again" +"\">begrense politiske uttalelser</ulink>, spesielt fra programmer som kommer " "med følsomme politiske kommentarer, som et program som varsler deg hver gang " -"en amerikansk drone dreper noen et sted i verden; og til å <ulink url=\"https" -"://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2016-05-19-palestinian-indie-game-must-not-be-" -"called-a-game-apple-says\">protestere på et spill</ulink> som kommenterte " -"Israel-Palestina-konflikten." +"en amerikansk drone dreper noen et sted i verden; og til å <ulink url=" +"\"https://www.eurogamer.net/articles/2016-05-19-palestinian-indie-game-must-" +"not-be-called-a-game-apple-says\">protestere på et spill</ulink> som " +"kommenterte Israel-Palestina-konflikten." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -2435,10 +2411,10 @@ msgstr "" "Apple rettferdiggjør ofte monopolmakt over programvareinstallasjon med " "sikkerhetshensyn, og hevder at deres kontroll av programmer i butikken sin " "betyr at de kan beskytte brukerne mot apper som inneholder overvåkingskode. " -"Men dette går begge veier. I Kina beordret regjeringen <ulink url=\"https" -"://www.ft.com/content/ad42e536-cf36-11e7-b781-794ce08b24dc\">Apple til å " -"forby salg av personvernsverktøy</ulink> som VPN, med unntak av VPN-er som " -"med vilje var laget med skavanker utformet for å la den kinesiske staten " +"Men dette går begge veier. I Kina beordret regjeringen <ulink url=\"https://" +"www.ft.com/content/ad42e536-cf36-11e7-b781-794ce08b24dc\">Apple til å forby " +"salg av personvernsverktøy</ulink> som VPN, med unntak av VPN-er som med " +"vilje var laget med skavanker utformet for å la den kinesiske staten " "tyvlytte på brukere. Fordi Apple bruker teknologiske mottiltak — med " "juridisk beskyttelse — til å blokkere kunder fra å installere uautoriserte " "programmer, kan ikke kinesiske iPhone-eiere lett (eller lovlig) skaffe seg " @@ -2457,9 +2433,9 @@ msgid "" "control rays." msgstr "" "Zuboff kaller overvåkingskapitalismen en <quote>løpsk kapitalisme</quote>. " -"Kapitalismens teoretikere hevder at dens dyd er at den <ulink url=\"https" -"://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_signal\">aggregerer informasjon om " -"forbrukernes beslutninger</ulink>, hvilket igjen skaper effektive markeder. " +"Kapitalismens teoretikere hevder at dens dyd er at den <ulink url=\"https://" +"en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Price_signal\">aggregerer informasjon om forbrukernes " +"beslutninger</ulink>, hvilket igjen skaper effektive markeder. " "Overvåkingskapitalismens antatte makt til å bemektige seg sine ofres frie " "vilje gjennom databeregnede, superladede innflytelseskampanjer betyr at våre " "markeder ikke lenger samler kundenes beslutninger fordi vi kunder ikke " @@ -2576,12 +2552,12 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Mange av spørsmålene vi stiller til søkemotorer, har ingen empirisk riktige " "svar: <quote>Hvor skal jeg spise middag?</quote> er ikke et objektivt " -"spørsmål. Selv spørsmål som har riktige svar (<quote>Er vaksiner " -"farlige?</quote>) har ikke en empirisk overlegen kilde til det svaret. Mange " -"sider bekrefter sikkerheten til vaksiner, så hvilken går først? Ved " -"konkurranse kan forbrukerne velge mellom mange søkemotorer og holde seg til " -"den der algoritme-dommen passer best for dem, men i en monopolsituasjon får " -"vi alle våre svar fra samme sted." +"spørsmål. Selv spørsmål som har riktige svar (<quote>Er vaksiner farlige?</" +"quote>) har ikke en empirisk overlegen kilde til det svaret. Mange sider " +"bekrefter sikkerheten til vaksiner, så hvilken går først? Ved konkurranse " +"kan forbrukerne velge mellom mange søkemotorer og holde seg til den der " +"algoritme-dommen passer best for dem, men i en monopolsituasjon får vi alle " +"våre svar fra samme sted." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -3323,8 +3299,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Dette betyr ikke at det ikke er noe galt med storteknologien og dens " "ideologiske dataavhengighet. Selv om gevinsten av overvåkningen i stor grad " -"er overdrevet, så er skadevirkningene, om noe, " -"<emphasis>bagatellisert</emphasis>." +"er overdrevet, så er skadevirkningene, om noe, <emphasis>bagatellisert</" +"emphasis>." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -3567,8 +3543,8 @@ msgstr "" "Reagan, og Reagans justisdepartement. Andre etater begynte å bake inn Borks " "antitrustdoktrine i sine håndhevingsavgjørelser (Reagan foreslo til og med " "Bork til et sete i USAs høyesterett, men Bork strøk så fullstendig på " -"senatets godkjenningshøring at 40 år senere bruker innsidere i Washington " -"D.C. begrepet <quote>borkete</quote> (tilsvarer klønete på norsk) for å " +"senatets godkjenningshøring at 40 år senere bruker innsidere i Washington D." +"C. begrepet <quote>borkete</quote> (tilsvarer klønete på norsk) for å " "referere til noens katastrofalt dårlige politiske prestasjoner)." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> @@ -3657,8 +3633,8 @@ msgstr "" "historie: Google var, helt uten konkurransehemmende taktikk, i stand til å " "vippe AltaVista og Yahoo av tronen; Facebook var i stand til å stoppe " "Myspace. Det er en del fordeler med å samle fjellmassiver av data, men disse " -"datafjellene har også ulemper: ansvar (for lekkasjer), redusert avkastning (" -"fra gamle data), og institusjonell treghet (for store selskaper, på samme " +"datafjellene har også ulemper: ansvar (for lekkasjer), redusert avkastning " +"(fra gamle data), og institusjonell treghet (for store selskaper, på samme " "måte som for vitenskapen, kommer fremskritt når opponentene dør ut)." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> @@ -3874,11 +3850,11 @@ msgid "" "involved in NSA spying, but it’s definitely not all of them)." msgstr "" "I dag vet vi at NSA spionerer på en betydelig andel av hele verdens " -"befolkning, og forholdet mellom overvåkingsagenter og overvåket er mer som 1:" -"10.000 (det er sannsynligvis i den lave enden da tallet forutsetter at hver " -"amerikaner med topphemmelig klarering jobber for NSA med dette prosjektet — " -"vi vet ikke hvor mange av disse sikkerhetsklarerte personene som er " -"involvert i NSAs spionasje , men det er definitivt ikke alle sammen)." +"befolkning, og forholdet mellom overvåkingsagenter og overvåket er mer som " +"1:10.000 (det er sannsynligvis i den lave enden da tallet forutsetter at " +"hver amerikaner med topphemmelig klarering jobber for NSA med dette " +"prosjektet — vi vet ikke hvor mange av disse sikkerhetsklarerte personene " +"som er involvert i NSAs spionasje , men det er definitivt ikke alle sammen)." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -3909,9 +3885,9 @@ msgstr "" "logging av fakta om våre liv, meninger og preferanser. Dette " "masseovervåkingsprosjektet har i stor grad vært ubrukelig for å bekjempe " "terrorisme: NSA kan <ulink url=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/" -"national-security/nsa-cites-case-as-success-of-phone-data-collection-program/" -"2013/08/08/fc915e5a-feda-11e2-96a8-d3b921c0924a_story.html\">bare peke på en " -"enkelt mindre suksesshistorie</ulink> der de brukte sitt " +"national-security/nsa-cites-case-as-success-of-phone-data-collection-" +"program/2013/08/08/fc915e5a-feda-11e2-96a8-d3b921c0924a_story.html\">bare " +"peke på en enkelt mindre suksesshistorie</ulink> der de brukte sitt " "datainnsamlingsprogram for å hindre et forsøk fra en amerikansk innbygger å " "overføre noen få tusen dollar til en oversjøisk terrorgruppe. Det er lite " "effektivt av nesten samme grunn som kommersielle overvåkingsprosjekter i " @@ -4008,10 +3984,10 @@ msgstr "" "hele nabolaget med andre Ring-eiere, der du kan dele klipp av " "<quote>mistenkelige individer</quote>. Hvis du tenker at dette høres ut som " "en oppskrift på å la rasister bak gardinene virkelig gi krefter til sine " -"mistanker mot personer med brun hud som går langs gatene, <ulink url=\"https" -"://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/07/amazons-ring-enables-over-policing-efforts-" -"some-americas-deadliest-law-enforcement\">har du rett</ulink>. Ring har " -"blitt en, <emphasis>de facto</emphasis> og uoffisiell, forlengelse av " +"mistanker mot personer med brun hud som går langs gatene, <ulink url=" +"\"https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2020/07/amazons-ring-enables-over-policing-" +"efforts-some-americas-deadliest-law-enforcement\">har du rett</ulink>. Ring " +"har blitt en, <emphasis>de facto</emphasis> og uoffisiell, forlengelse av " "politiet uten irriterende overoppsyn eller regler." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> @@ -4199,8 +4175,8 @@ msgstr "" "stykker de skjøre edderkoppspinnene av sammenhenger vi spinner når vi tenker " "gjennom vanskelige idéer. Hvis du låste noen inne i en celle og forstyrret " "dem på dette viset, så ville vi kalt det <quote>søvnnektingstortur</quote>, " -"og det ville vært en <ulink url=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=" -"1SKpRbvnx6g\">krigsforbrytelse i følge Geneve-konvensjonen</ulink>." +"og det ville vært en <ulink url=\"https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1SKpRbvnx6g" +"\">krigsforbrytelse i følge Geneve-konvensjonen</ulink>." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> msgid "Afflicting the afflicted" @@ -4336,8 +4312,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Mangelen på privatliv kan frarøve sårbare folk sjansen til å være sitt sanne " "jeg og begrense våre handlinger ved å berøve oss vårt tilfluktsted. Det er " -"dog en annen risiko som belastes oss alle, ikke bare folk med en hemmelighet:" -" kriminalitet." +"dog en annen risiko som belastes oss alle, ikke bare folk med en " +"hemmelighet: kriminalitet." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -4392,16 +4368,17 @@ msgid "" "cryptocurrency wallets." msgstr "" "Angripere kan for eksempel bruke lekkede brukernavn- og passordkombinasjoner " -"til å kapre hele flåter av kommersielle kjøretøy som <ulink url=\"https://www" -".vice.com/en_us/article/zmpx4x/hacker-monitor-cars-kill-engine-gps-tracking-" -"apps\">er utstyrt med GPS-sporing og startsperre for å hindre tyveri</ulink> " -"eller å kapre babycall-er for å <ulink url=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/" -"technology/2019/04/23/how-nest-designed-keep-intruders-out-peoples-homes-effe" -"ctively-allowed-hackers-get/?utm_term=.15220e98c550\">terrorisere småbarn " -"med lydspor fra pornografi</ulink>. Angripere bruker lekkede data til å lure " -"telefonselskaper til å gi dem kontroll over telefonnummeret ditt, deretter " -"fanger de opp SMS-baserte tofaktorautentiseringskoder for å ta over e-post, " -"bankkonti og/eller kryptovaluta-lommebøker." +"til å kapre hele flåter av kommersielle kjøretøy som <ulink url=\"https://" +"www.vice.com/en_us/article/zmpx4x/hacker-monitor-cars-kill-engine-gps-" +"tracking-apps\">er utstyrt med GPS-sporing og startsperre for å hindre " +"tyveri</ulink> eller å kapre babycall-er for å <ulink url=\"https://www." +"washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/04/23/how-nest-designed-keep-intruders-" +"out-peoples-homes-effectively-allowed-hackers-get/?" +"utm_term=.15220e98c550\">terrorisere småbarn med lydspor fra pornografi</" +"ulink>. Angripere bruker lekkede data til å lure telefonselskaper til å gi " +"dem kontroll over telefonnummeret ditt, deretter fanger de opp SMS-baserte " +"tofaktorautentiseringskoder for å ta over e-post, bankkonti og/eller " +"kryptovaluta-lommebøker." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -4576,13 +4553,13 @@ msgid "" "marketing hucksters and pop psych</ulink>." msgstr "" "Påstandene om storteknologiens tankekontrollsystem er fulle av tegn på at " -"hele foretaket er svindel. For eksempel, <ulink url=\"https://www.frontiersin" -".org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01415/full\">avhengigheten av de <quote>fem " -"store</quote> personlighetstrekkene</ulink> som hovedmetode for å påvirke " -"mennesker, selv om de <quote>fem store</quote>-teorien ikke støttes av noen " -"store, fagfellevurderte studier og for det meste hører til <ulink url=\"https" -"://www.wired.com/story/the-noisy-fallacies-of-psychographic-targeting/\"" -">aggressiv markedsføring og pop-psykologi</ulink>." +"hele foretaket er svindel. For eksempel, <ulink url=\"https://www." +"frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2020.01415/full\">avhengigheten av de " +"<quote>fem store</quote> personlighetstrekkene</ulink> som hovedmetode for å " +"påvirke mennesker, selv om de <quote>fem store</quote>-teorien ikke støttes " +"av noen store, fagfellevurderte studier og for det meste hører til <ulink " +"url=\"https://www.wired.com/story/the-noisy-fallacies-of-psychographic-" +"targeting/\">aggressiv markedsføring og pop-psykologi</ulink>." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -4600,15 +4577,16 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Storteknologiens markedsføringsmateriale påstår også at deres algoritmer kan " "utføre presis <quote>sinnsstemningsanalyse</quote> eller oppdage hvordan " -"folk har det, basert på deres <quote>mikrouttrykk</quote>. <ulink url=\"https" -"://www.npr.org/2018/09/12/647040758/advertising-on-facebook-is-it-worth-it\"" -">Dette er markedsføringspåstander, ikke vitenskapelige funn</ulink>. Disse " -"metodene er stort sett ikke testet av uavhengige vitenskapelige eksperter, " -"og der de har blitt testet, har de kommet til kort. Mikrouttrykk er spesielt " -"tvilsomt, gitt at selskapene som spesialiserer seg i å lære opp folk til å " -"oppdage dem <ulink url=\"https://theintercept.com/2017/02/08/" -"tsas-own-files-show-doubtful-science-behind-its-behavior-screening-program/\"" -">har vist</ulink> å treffe dårligere enn hvis en brukte terningkast." +"folk har det, basert på deres <quote>mikrouttrykk</quote>. <ulink url=" +"\"https://www.npr.org/2018/09/12/647040758/advertising-on-facebook-is-it-" +"worth-it\">Dette er markedsføringspåstander, ikke vitenskapelige funn</" +"ulink>. Disse metodene er stort sett ikke testet av uavhengige " +"vitenskapelige eksperter, og der de har blitt testet, har de kommet til " +"kort. Mikrouttrykk er spesielt tvilsomt, gitt at selskapene som " +"spesialiserer seg i å lære opp folk til å oppdage dem <ulink url=\"https://" +"theintercept.com/2017/02/08/tsas-own-files-show-doubtful-science-behind-its-" +"behavior-screening-program/\">har vist</ulink> å treffe dårligere enn hvis " +"en brukte terningkast." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -5123,17 +5101,17 @@ msgid "" "Myspace and imported them into Facebook, effectively creating an Facebook-" "based Myspace reader)." msgstr "" -"Rivaliserende samvirke har spilt en stor rolle i teknologibransjens historie:" -" fra opprettelsen av Usenet-hierarkiet <quote>alt.*</quote> (som ble startet " -"i strid med ønskene til de som vedlikeholdt Usenet, og som vokste til å bli " -"større enn resten av Usenet til sammen), til nettleserkrigene (der Netscape " -"og Microsoft la inn en massiv ingeniørinnsats for å gjøre sine nettleserne " -"ikke-samvirkende med de andres spesielle kommandoer og særegenheter), til " -"Facebook (hvis suksess delvis ble bygget ved å hjelpe sine nye brukere å " -"holde kontakten med venner de hadde forlatt på Myspace, fordi Facebook " -"forsynte dem med et verktøy som skrapet ventende meldinger fra Myspace og " -"tok dem inn i Facebook, og slik i effekt laget en Facebook-basert Myspace-" -"leser)." +"Rivaliserende samvirke har spilt en stor rolle i teknologibransjens " +"historie: fra opprettelsen av Usenet-hierarkiet <quote>alt.*</quote> (som " +"ble startet i strid med ønskene til de som vedlikeholdt Usenet, og som " +"vokste til å bli større enn resten av Usenet til sammen), til " +"nettleserkrigene (der Netscape og Microsoft la inn en massiv ingeniørinnsats " +"for å gjøre sine nettleserne ikke-samvirkende med de andres spesielle " +"kommandoer og særegenheter), til Facebook (hvis suksess delvis ble bygget " +"ved å hjelpe sine nye brukere å holde kontakten med venner de hadde forlatt " +"på Myspace, fordi Facebook forsynte dem med et verktøy som skrapet ventende " +"meldinger fra Myspace og tok dem inn i Facebook, og slik i effekt laget en " +"Facebook-basert Myspace-leser)." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -5223,8 +5201,8 @@ msgstr "" "samvirketeknikker for at disse ikke skal undergrave kontrolltiltakene. For " "eksempel, hvis noen som bruker en Twitter-erstatning som Mastodon til å " "sende meldinger til og lese meldinger fra Twitter, så kan de unngå å bli " -"fanget av automatiserte systemer som skal oppdage og forhindre trakassering (" -"for eksempel systemer som bruker meldingstidspunkt eller IP-baserte regler " +"fanget av automatiserte systemer som skal oppdage og forhindre trakassering " +"(for eksempel systemer som bruker meldingstidspunkt eller IP-baserte regler " "til å gjette om noen er en som trakasserer)." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> @@ -5323,10 +5301,9 @@ msgstr "" "Det betyr at når et tilsynsorgan stiller et spørsmål med et åpenbart, " "empirisk svar (<quote>Forårsaker mennesker klimaendringer? </quote> eller " "<quote>Skal vi la selskaper gjennomføre kommersiell masseovervåking?</quote> " -"eller <quote>Har samfunnet nytte av å tillate brudd på " -"nettverksnøytralitet?</quote>) er svaret som kommer kun korrekt hvis denne " -"korrektheten møter aksept hos rike mennesker og bransjene som gjorde dem så " -"velstående." +"eller <quote>Har samfunnet nytte av å tillate brudd på nettverksnøytralitet?" +"</quote>) er svaret som kommer kun korrekt hvis denne korrektheten møter " +"aksept hos rike mennesker og bransjene som gjorde dem så velstående." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -5393,9 +5370,9 @@ msgstr "" "til høyere stillinger, med mindre de rekrutteres av en rival. Dette betyr at " "de beste direktørene i konsentrerte bransjer sannsynligvis har vært kolleger " "på et tidspunkt og omgås i de samme kretsene — knyttet sammen gjennom " -"sosiale bånd eller ved for eksempel å være styremedlem i hverandres trust (" -"noe ala norske stiftelser). Disse nære sosiale båndene fremmer en kollegial, " -"snarere enn konkurranseholdning." +"sosiale bånd eller ved for eksempel å være styremedlem i hverandres trust " +"(noe ala norske stiftelser). Disse nære sosiale båndene fremmer en " +"kollegial, snarere enn konkurranseholdning." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -5445,18 +5422,18 @@ msgid "" "the highest bidder." msgstr "" "Dette blir stadig tydeligere. Enten det er de som gir forbrukslån som <ulink " -"url=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/02/25/" -"how-payday-lending-industry-insider-tilted-academic-research-its-favor/\"" -">sikrer seg rettet til å praktisere ågerlån</ulink> eller Apple <ulink url=" -"\"https://www.vice.com/en_us/article/mgxayp/source-apple-will-fight-right-to-" -"repair-legislation\">som sikrer seg retten til å bestemme hvem som kan fikse " -"mobilen din</ulink>, eller Google og Facebook som sikrer retten til å ha " -"innbrudd i dine private data uten å møte virkningsfulle konsekvenser, eller " -"seire for rørledningsselskaper, eller straffefrihet for opioidprodusenter, " -"eller massive skattesubsidier for utrolig lønnsomme markedsdominerende " -"bedrifter, er det stadig tydeligere at mange av våre offisielle, " -"kunnskapsbaserte og sannhetssøkende prosesser, i virkeligheten er auksjoner " -"som selger til den høyeste budgiveren." +"url=\"https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2019/02/25/how-payday-lending-" +"industry-insider-tilted-academic-research-its-favor/\">sikrer seg rettet til " +"å praktisere ågerlån</ulink> eller Apple <ulink url=\"https://www.vice.com/" +"en_us/article/mgxayp/source-apple-will-fight-right-to-repair-legislation" +"\">som sikrer seg retten til å bestemme hvem som kan fikse mobilen din</" +"ulink>, eller Google og Facebook som sikrer retten til å ha innbrudd i dine " +"private data uten å møte virkningsfulle konsekvenser, eller seire for " +"rørledningsselskaper, eller straffefrihet for opioidprodusenter, eller " +"massive skattesubsidier for utrolig lønnsomme markedsdominerende bedrifter, " +"er det stadig tydeligere at mange av våre offisielle, kunnskapsbaserte og " +"sannhetssøkende prosesser, i virkeligheten er auksjoner som selger til den " +"høyeste budgiveren." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> msgid "" @@ -5953,8 +5930,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Hvis du går til en Black Lives Matter-demonstrasjon, trenger de andre " "demonstrantene din tillatelse til å legge ut bildene sine fra arrangementet? " -"Kampene på nettet om <ulink url=\"https://www.wired.com/story/" -"how-to-take-photos-at-protests/\">når og hvordan man legger ut bilder fra " +"Kampene på nettet om <ulink url=\"https://www.wired.com/story/how-to-take-" +"photos-at-protests/\">når og hvordan man legger ut bilder fra " "demonstrasjoner</ulink> avslører et nyansert, komplekst problem som ikke " "lett kan blåses bort ved å gi en part en eiendomsrett som alle andre i " "blandingen må respektere." @@ -6285,8 +6262,8 @@ msgstr "" "tredjeparter ikke kan lage programvare til platformene uten godkjenning. " "Disse låsene gjør det mulig for selskapet å utøve både redaksjonell kontroll " "(slik at det kan ekskludere <ulink url=\"https://ncac.org/news/blog/does-" -"apples-strict-app-store-content-policy-limit-freedom-of-expression\"" -">kontroversielt politisk materiale</ulink>) og teknologisk kontroll, " +"apples-strict-app-store-content-policy-limit-freedom-of-expression" +"\">kontroversielt politisk materiale</ulink>) og teknologisk kontroll, " "inkludert kontroll over hvem som kan reparere enhetene det lager. Hvis vi er " "bekymret for at reklamefinansierte produkter fratar folk retten til " "selvbestemmelse ved å bruke overtalelsesteknikker for å dytte " @@ -6884,8 +6861,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Å løse storteknologiproblemet vil kreve mange runder. Som kyberadvokaten " "Lawrence Lessig skrev i boken han ga ut i 1999, <emphasis>Code and Other " -"Laws of Cyberspace</emphasis>, reguleres våre liv av fire krefter: Lovverk (" -"hva som er lovlig), arkitektur (hva som er teknologisk mulig), normer (hva " +"Laws of Cyberspace</emphasis>, reguleres våre liv av fire krefter: Lovverk " +"(hva som er lovlig), arkitektur (hva som er teknologisk mulig), normer (hva " "som er sosialt akseptabelt), og marked (hva som lønner seg)." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><para> @@ -7063,6 +7040,38 @@ msgstr "" "være en ubotelig katastrofe — og det å gjøre det riktig kan gi oss evnen til " "å jobbe sammen om å redde sivilisasjonen, arten og planeten vår." +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Our devices and services gather most of the data that the NSA mines for " +#~ "its surveillance project. We pay for these devices and the services they " +#~ "connect to, and then we painstakingly perform the data-entry tasks " +#~ "associated with logging facts about our lives, opinions, and preferences." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Vårt utstyr og tjenester samler de fleste dataene som NSA utvinner til " +#~ "sitt overvåkingsprosjekt. Vi betaler for dette utstyret og de tjenestene " +#~ "de kobler seg til, og så utfører vi møysommelig " +#~ "dataregistreringsoppgavene knyttet til logging av fakta om våre liv, " +#~ "meninger og preferanser." + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Thanks to Big Tech, Surveillance capitalism is everywhere. This is not " +#~ "because it is really good at manipulating our behaviour, or the rogue " +#~ "abuse of corporate power. It is the result of unchecked monopolism and " +#~ "the abusive behavior it abets. It is the system working as intended and " +#~ "expected. Cory Doctorow has written an extended critique of Shoshana " +#~ "Zuboff's The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future " +#~ "at the New Frontier of Power, with a non-magical analysis of the problem " +#~ "leading to a different proposal for a solution." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Takket være storteknologien, så er overvåkningskapitalismen over alt. " +#~ "Dette er ikke fordi den er så flink til å manipuleres oppførselen vår, " +#~ "eller uautorisert misbruk av selskapsmakt. Det er resultatet av " +#~ "ukontrollert monopolpraksis og overgrepene den fører til. Det er " +#~ "systemet som virker som forventet og etter hensikten. Cory Doctorow har " +#~ "i sin utvidede kritikk av Shoshana Zuboff sin Overvåkingskapitalismens " +#~ "tidsalder: Kampen for en menneskelig fremtid ved maktens nye frontlinje, " +#~ "analysert problemet uten bruk av magi hvilket fører til et annet forslag " +#~ "til løsning." + #, fuzzy #~| msgid "Doctorow" #~ msgid "Cory Doctorow" diff --git a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pl.po b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pl.po index 8c09ee2..0c9461b 100644 --- a/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pl.po +++ b/po/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism.pl.po @@ -6,11 +6,11 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: How to Destroy Surveillance Capitalism n/a\n" -"POT-Creation-Date: 2020-11-15 20:41+0100\n" +"POT-Creation-Date: 2021-01-09 23:13+0100\n" "PO-Revision-Date: 2020-12-09 15:29+0000\n" "Last-Translator: Stanisław Stefan Krukowski <pet209a1@riseup.net>\n" -"Language-Team: Polish <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/" -"rms-personal-data-safe/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/pl/>\n" +"Language-Team: Polish <https://hosted.weblate.org/projects/rms-personal-data-" +"safe/how-to-destroy-surveillance-capitalism/pl/>\n" "Language: pl\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8\n" @@ -128,37 +128,10 @@ msgstr "" #. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><abstract><para> msgid "" -"Our devices and services gather most of the data that the NSA mines for its " -"surveillance project. We pay for these devices and the services they connect " -"to, and then we painstakingly perform the data-entry tasks associated with " -"logging facts about our lives, opinions, and preferences." +"The Science Fiction author, journalist and technology activist Cory Doctorow " +"have a look at what really is behind \"Surveillance Capitalism\" and what " +"should be done to stop it." msgstr "" -"Nasze urządzenia i usługi zbierają większość danych, które NSA następnie " -"wydobywa w ramach swojego inwigilacyjnego projektu nadzoru. Płacimy za te " -"urządzenia i usługi, z którymi się łączą, a następnie skrupulatnie " -"wykonujemy zadania związane z wprowadzaniem danych, które rejestrują fakty " -"dotyczące naszego życia, opinii i preferencji." - -#. type: Content of: <article><articleinfo><abstract><para> -msgid "" -"Thanks to Big Tech, Surveillance capitalism is everywhere. This is not " -"because it is really good at manipulating our behaviour, or the rogue abuse " -"of corporate power. It is the result of unchecked monopolism and the " -"abusive behavior it abets. It is the system working as intended and " -"expected. Cory Doctorow has written an extended critique of Shoshana " -"Zuboff's The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at " -"the New Frontier of Power, with a non-magical analysis of the problem " -"leading to a different proposal for a solution." -msgstr "" -"Dzięki `Big Tech` kapitalizm oparty na inwigilacyjnym systemie nadzoru jest " -"wszędzie. Nie dzieje się tak dlatego, że jest naprawdę dobry w manipulowaniu " -"naszym zachowaniem lub nieuczciwym nadużywaniu władzy korporacji. Jest to " -"wynik niekontrolowanego monopolizmu i obelżywego zachowania, jakie on " -"wywołuje. Jest to system działający zgodnie z zamierzeniami i oczekiwaniami. " -"Cory Doctorow napisał obszerną krytykę książki Shoshana Zuboff pt. The Age " -"of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier " -"of Power, z obiektywną, nie-magiczną analizą problemu, prowadzącą do innej " -"propozycji jego rozwiązania." #. type: Content of: <article><sect1><title> msgid "The net of a thousand lies" @@ -308,8 +281,8 @@ msgstr "" "Corporation <ulink url=\"https://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/" "research_reports/RR400/RR453/RAND_RR453.pdf\">oskarża Facebook'a za " "<quote>radykalizację</quote></ulink>, kiedy Facebook'a oskarża się o " -"rozpowszechnianie dezinformacji na temat koronawirusa, <ulink url = \"https" -"://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/en/facebook_threat_health/\">a jest to " +"rozpowszechnianie dezinformacji na temat koronawirusa, <ulink url = " +"\"https://secure.avaaz.org/campaign/en/facebook_threat_health/\">a jest to " "spowodowane jego algorytmem</ulink>, to domyślnym przesłaniem jest fakt, że " "uczenie maszynowe i systemy inwigilacyjnego nadzoru powodują zmiany w naszym " "konsensusie wobec tego, co jest prawdą." @@ -374,8 +347,8 @@ msgid "" msgstr "" "Wiara w konspirację to szalejący pożar, który wyrządził już rzeczywiste " "szkody i stał się realnym zagrożeniem dla naszej planety i jej gatunków w " -"wyniku epidemii <ulink url=\"https://www.cdc.gov/measles/cases-outbreaks." -"html\">rozpoczętej odmową szczepień</ulink> poprzez ludobójstwa <ulink url=" +"wyniku epidemii <ulink url=\"https://www.cdc.gov/measles/cases-outbreaks.html" +"\">rozpoczętej odmową szczepień</ulink> poprzez ludobójstwa <ulink url=" "\"https://www.nytimes.com/2018/10/15/technology/myanmar-facebook-genocide." "html\">wywołane przez rasistowskich konspiratorów</ulink>. Prowadzi to do " "planetarnego stapiającego wszystko tygla, spowodowanego bezczynnością, " @@ -4481,6 +4454,39 @@ msgid "" "civilization, our species, and our planet." msgstr "" +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Our devices and services gather most of the data that the NSA mines for " +#~ "its surveillance project. We pay for these devices and the services they " +#~ "connect to, and then we painstakingly perform the data-entry tasks " +#~ "associated with logging facts about our lives, opinions, and preferences." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Nasze urządzenia i usługi zbierają większość danych, które NSA następnie " +#~ "wydobywa w ramach swojego inwigilacyjnego projektu nadzoru. Płacimy za te " +#~ "urządzenia i usługi, z którymi się łączą, a następnie skrupulatnie " +#~ "wykonujemy zadania związane z wprowadzaniem danych, które rejestrują " +#~ "fakty dotyczące naszego życia, opinii i preferencji." + +#~ msgid "" +#~ "Thanks to Big Tech, Surveillance capitalism is everywhere. This is not " +#~ "because it is really good at manipulating our behaviour, or the rogue " +#~ "abuse of corporate power. It is the result of unchecked monopolism and " +#~ "the abusive behavior it abets. It is the system working as intended and " +#~ "expected. Cory Doctorow has written an extended critique of Shoshana " +#~ "Zuboff's The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future " +#~ "at the New Frontier of Power, with a non-magical analysis of the problem " +#~ "leading to a different proposal for a solution." +#~ msgstr "" +#~ "Dzięki `Big Tech` kapitalizm oparty na inwigilacyjnym systemie nadzoru " +#~ "jest wszędzie. Nie dzieje się tak dlatego, że jest naprawdę dobry w " +#~ "manipulowaniu naszym zachowaniem lub nieuczciwym nadużywaniu władzy " +#~ "korporacji. Jest to wynik niekontrolowanego monopolizmu i obelżywego " +#~ "zachowania, jakie on wywołuje. Jest to system działający zgodnie z " +#~ "zamierzeniami i oczekiwaniami. Cory Doctorow napisał obszerną krytykę " +#~ "książki Shoshana Zuboff pt. The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight " +#~ "for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power, z obiektywną, nie-" +#~ "magiczną analizą problemu, prowadzącą do innej propozycji jego " +#~ "rozwiązania." + #, fuzzy #~| msgid "Doctorow" #~ msgid "Cory Doctorow"