From: Petter Reinholdtsen Date: Mon, 9 Aug 2010 18:11:42 +0000 (+0000) Subject: Generated. X-Git-Url: https://pere.pagekite.me/gitweb/homepage.git/commitdiff_plain/2115f37ef137d707943a1a5a0f6d0ba6df630cee Generated. --- diff --git a/blog/3D_printing_brer_om_seg___fabrikkene_best__r.html b/blog/3D_printing_brer_om_seg___fabrikkene_best__r.html index 375d6f970b..ed744f80f5 100644 --- a/blog/3D_printing_brer_om_seg___fabrikkene_best__r.html +++ b/blog/3D_printing_brer_om_seg___fabrikkene_best__r.html @@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ massemarkedet.

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    • @@ -145,9 +145,9 @@ massemarkedet.

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    • @@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ massemarkedet.

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    • diff --git a/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html b/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html index 5cc1f6ad36..94054f959c 100644 --- a/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html +++ b/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ following the standards wars of today.

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    • @@ -118,9 +118,9 @@ following the standards wars of today.

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    • @@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ following the standards wars of today.

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    • diff --git a/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html b/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html index 8ae15c3d3f..26af1c352e 100644 --- a/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html +++ b/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.

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    • @@ -130,9 +130,9 @@ similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.

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    • @@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Amigafolket_holder_ut.html b/blog/Amigafolket_holder_ut.html index 24a798fa9f..a176e23787 100644 --- a/blog/Amigafolket_holder_ut.html +++ b/blog/Amigafolket_holder_ut.html @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ pakke. Kanskje Aros kunne vært interessant for et NUUG-foredrag?

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    • @@ -121,9 +121,9 @@ pakke. Kanskje Aros kunne vært interessant for et NUUG-foredrag?

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    • @@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ pakke. Kanskje Aros kunne vært interessant for et NUUG-foredrag?

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    • diff --git a/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html b/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html index 2f61bb50e1..4ccc5d419a 100644 --- a/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html +++ b/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html @@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

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    • @@ -163,9 +163,9 @@ Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

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    • @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html b/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html index 4a723e6394..36b87c39f8 100644 --- a/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html +++ b/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html @@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ everything is taken care of.

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    • @@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ everything is taken care of.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html b/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html index 3c04c8b4cb..8f5b4a504a 100644 --- a/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html +++ b/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html @@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ packages.

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    • @@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ packages.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Avisene_i_endring.html b/blog/Avisene_i_endring.html index bc64573092..47ab77e7e5 100644 --- a/blog/Avisene_i_endring.html +++ b/blog/Avisene_i_endring.html @@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ eksisterer. Det blir spennende Ã¥ se hva vi ender opp med.

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    • @@ -118,9 +118,9 @@ eksisterer. Det blir spennende Ã¥ se hva vi ender opp med.

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    • @@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ eksisterer. Det blir spennende Ã¥ se hva vi ender opp med.

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    • diff --git a/blog/BSAs_p__stander_om_piratkopiering_m__ter_motstand.html b/blog/BSAs_p__stander_om_piratkopiering_m__ter_motstand.html index 56f85b4f04..95ec500cb8 100644 --- a/blog/BSAs_p__stander_om_piratkopiering_m__ter_motstand.html +++ b/blog/BSAs_p__stander_om_piratkopiering_m__ter_motstand.html @@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ pÃ¥ Slashdot.

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    • @@ -139,9 +139,9 @@ pÃ¥ Slashdot.

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    • @@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ pÃ¥ Slashdot.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html b/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html index 8231a04655..5d640473a0 100644 --- a/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html +++ b/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html @@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

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    • @@ -330,7 +330,7 @@ please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Calling_tasksel_like_the_installer__while_still_getting_useful_output.html b/blog/Calling_tasksel_like_the_installer__while_still_getting_useful_output.html index 7bb2bc5337..e716dc07c6 100644 --- a/blog/Calling_tasksel_like_the_installer__while_still_getting_useful_output.html +++ b/blog/Calling_tasksel_like_the_installer__while_still_getting_useful_output.html @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ like this.

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    • @@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ like this.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Checking_server_hardware_support_status_for_Dell__HP_and_IBM_servers.html b/blog/Checking_server_hardware_support_status_for_Dell__HP_and_IBM_servers.html index f48e99a2c9..7fd9013d29 100644 --- a/blog/Checking_server_hardware_support_status_for_Dell__HP_and_IBM_servers.html +++ b/blog/Checking_server_hardware_support_status_for_Dell__HP_and_IBM_servers.html @@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ do so.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html b/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html index 27552377f8..7999719688 100644 --- a/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html +++ b/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html @@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

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    • @@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Danmark_g__r_for_ODF_.html b/blog/Danmark_g__r_for_ODF_.html index 67a952ff67..fe5d43978c 100644 --- a/blog/Danmark_g__r_for_ODF_.html +++ b/blog/Danmark_g__r_for_ODF_.html @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ platforme.

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    • @@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ platforme.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html b/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html index 687ba886c6..5c1fadc2a3 100644 --- a/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html +++ b/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.

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    • @@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html b/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html index 03d93e2ba7..6818f17d4c 100644 --- a/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html +++ b/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html @@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ uses.

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    • @@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ uses.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Debian_boots_quicker_and_quicker.html b/blog/Debian_boots_quicker_and_quicker.html index 5840fe328a..c2e0303313 100644 --- a/blog/Debian_boots_quicker_and_quicker.html +++ b/blog/Debian_boots_quicker_and_quicker.html @@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ insserv'. Will need to test if that work. :)

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    • @@ -178,7 +178,7 @@ insserv'. Will need to test if that work. :)

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    • diff --git a/blog/Debian_has_switched_to_dependency_based_boot_sequencing.html b/blog/Debian_has_switched_to_dependency_based_boot_sequencing.html index 7a77954964..91865b9e10 100644 --- a/blog/Debian_has_switched_to_dependency_based_boot_sequencing.html +++ b/blog/Debian_has_switched_to_dependency_based_boot_sequencing.html @@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ non-predictable kernel in the early boot.

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    • @@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ og endrer pÃ¥ betingelsene.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html b/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html index 1a98a63bd2..4ebd4e4909 100644 --- a/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html +++ b/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ of these cards.

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    • @@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ of these cards.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Digitale_b__ker_uten_digitale_restriksjonsmekanismer__DRM__b__r_f___mva_fritak.html b/blog/Digitale_b__ker_uten_digitale_restriksjonsmekanismer__DRM__b__r_f___mva_fritak.html index 7d26e5bc7d..21aa2a6f80 100644 --- a/blog/Digitale_b__ker_uten_digitale_restriksjonsmekanismer__DRM__b__r_f___mva_fritak.html +++ b/blog/Digitale_b__ker_uten_digitale_restriksjonsmekanismer__DRM__b__r_f___mva_fritak.html @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ der for Ã¥ se hva de har.
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    • @@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ der for Ã¥ se hva de har.
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    • diff --git a/blog/Digitale_restriksjonsmekanismer_fikk_meg_til____slutte____kj__pe_musikk.html b/blog/Digitale_restriksjonsmekanismer_fikk_meg_til____slutte____kj__pe_musikk.html index 402004e522..aec99cf51c 100644 --- a/blog/Digitale_restriksjonsmekanismer_fikk_meg_til____slutte____kj__pe_musikk.html +++ b/blog/Digitale_restriksjonsmekanismer_fikk_meg_til____slutte____kj__pe_musikk.html @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ Kommer neppe til Ã¥ ta i bruk Blueray, og ei heller de nye DRM-greiene
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    • @@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ Kommer neppe til Ã¥ ta i bruk Blueray, og ei heller de nye DRM-greiene
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    • diff --git a/blog/Elektronikkbyggesettet_kommer_fram_p___andre_fors__k.html b/blog/Elektronikkbyggesettet_kommer_fram_p___andre_fors__k.html index 24aabc18fc..1001c6d300 100644 --- a/blog/Elektronikkbyggesettet_kommer_fram_p___andre_fors__k.html +++ b/blog/Elektronikkbyggesettet_kommer_fram_p___andre_fors__k.html @@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ pÃ¥stÃ¥r det skulle skje i 2008.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st__tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html b/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st__tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html index 045a3502ba..e0e16727db 100644 --- a/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st__tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html +++ b/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st__tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ stavekontrollen.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html b/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html index 0faeacab3a..f5a249dcc7 100644 --- a/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html +++ b/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ GNU.
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    • diff --git a/blog/FAD_lanserer_reiseregningsskjema_som_fri_programvare.html b/blog/FAD_lanserer_reiseregningsskjema_som_fri_programvare.html index a7027ae839..55ef4e6c69 100644 --- a/blog/FAD_lanserer_reiseregningsskjema_som_fri_programvare.html +++ b/blog/FAD_lanserer_reiseregningsskjema_som_fri_programvare.html @@ -130,7 +130,7 @@ gjorde det litt vanskeligere for brukeren.

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    • diff --git a/blog/F__rste_reprap_integreringsfors__k___Z_aksen_beveger_seg.html b/blog/F__rste_reprap_integreringsfors__k___Z_aksen_beveger_seg.html index c4020f1d42..9a37017735 100644 --- a/blog/F__rste_reprap_integreringsfors__k___Z_aksen_beveger_seg.html +++ b/blog/F__rste_reprap_integreringsfors__k___Z_aksen_beveger_seg.html @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ limet egentlig heter, sÃ¥ det er vanskelig Ã¥ søke pÃ¥ nett.

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    • diff --git a/blog/F__rste_vellykkede_videostr__m_fra_NUUG.html b/blog/F__rste_vellykkede_videostr__m_fra_NUUG.html index 4e65d3d28c..fa6368e39c 100644 --- a/blog/F__rste_vellykkede_videostr__m_fra_NUUG.html +++ b/blog/F__rste_vellykkede_videostr__m_fra_NUUG.html @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ webserver og komprimert.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Fildeling_er_lovlig___ulovlig_fildeling_er_ulovlig.html b/blog/Fildeling_er_lovlig___ulovlig_fildeling_er_ulovlig.html index d77602e589..0df1144292 100644 --- a/blog/Fildeling_er_lovlig___ulovlig_fildeling_er_ulovlig.html +++ b/blog/Fildeling_er_lovlig___ulovlig_fildeling_er_ulovlig.html @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ og fildeling av slike filer er fullt ut lovlig.

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    • diff --git a/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html b/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html index 6eadb85832..1ff51f16c4 100644 --- a/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html +++ b/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla

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    • diff --git a/blog/Great_book___Content__Selected_Essays_on_Technology__Creativity__Copyright__and_the_Future_of_the_Future_.html b/blog/Great_book___Content__Selected_Essays_on_Technology__Creativity__Copyright__and_the_Future_of_the_Future_.html index 61fb1c7d49..7e391b59bc 100644 --- a/blog/Great_book___Content__Selected_Essays_on_Technology__Creativity__Copyright__and_the_Future_of_the_Future_.html +++ b/blog/Great_book___Content__Selected_Essays_on_Technology__Creativity__Copyright__and_the_Future_of_the_Future_.html @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ strongly recommend this book.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Hvorfor_jeg_ikke_bruker_eFaktura.html b/blog/Hvorfor_jeg_ikke_bruker_eFaktura.html index c9be122174..06dac48192 100644 --- a/blog/Hvorfor_jeg_ikke_bruker_eFaktura.html +++ b/blog/Hvorfor_jeg_ikke_bruker_eFaktura.html @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ liker rett og slett ikke dagens faktureringsmodeller.

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    • diff --git a/blog/IDG_mener_linux_i_servermarkedet_vil_vokse_med_21__i_2009.html b/blog/IDG_mener_linux_i_servermarkedet_vil_vokse_med_21__i_2009.html index bdeabd5fd4..1af770c7f0 100644 --- a/blog/IDG_mener_linux_i_servermarkedet_vil_vokse_med_21__i_2009.html +++ b/blog/IDG_mener_linux_i_servermarkedet_vil_vokse_med_21__i_2009.html @@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ bakgrunnskunnskapen kan jeg godt tro at IDG er inne pÃ¥ noe.

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    • diff --git a/blog/ISO_still_hope_to_fix_OOXML.html b/blog/ISO_still_hope_to_fix_OOXML.html index 3d07efd2df..c2ee2f6dc2 100644 --- a/blog/ISO_still_hope_to_fix_OOXML.html +++ b/blog/ISO_still_hope_to_fix_OOXML.html @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ seminar this autumn.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html b/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html index 95e689033e..f0b7fc3c4d 100644 --- a/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html +++ b/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html @@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html b/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html index d81ba4b3ed..0932f6e0a8 100644 --- a/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html +++ b/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html @@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ personal home page over at redhat.com.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Internet_leverand__rer_er_ikke_vokterne_av_sine_kunders_nettbruk.html b/blog/Internet_leverand__rer_er_ikke_vokterne_av_sine_kunders_nettbruk.html index 0344983dd6..0aea7c714d 100644 --- a/blog/Internet_leverand__rer_er_ikke_vokterne_av_sine_kunders_nettbruk.html +++ b/blog/Internet_leverand__rer_er_ikke_vokterne_av_sine_kunders_nettbruk.html @@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ publiseres med mer brukervennlige vilkÃ¥r, som CC-BY og lignende.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Internet_sensur_skal_i_retten_p___mandag.html b/blog/Internet_sensur_skal_i_retten_p___mandag.html index e5b7ad721b..4c756b5a15 100644 --- a/blog/Internet_sensur_skal_i_retten_p___mandag.html +++ b/blog/Internet_sensur_skal_i_retten_p___mandag.html @@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ bruk av musikk.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Jeg_vil_beholde_tusenlappen___jeg_bruker_den.html b/blog/Jeg_vil_beholde_tusenlappen___jeg_bruker_den.html index dbea69bae8..e61236e38d 100644 --- a/blog/Jeg_vil_beholde_tusenlappen___jeg_bruker_den.html +++ b/blog/Jeg_vil_beholde_tusenlappen___jeg_bruker_den.html @@ -102,7 +102,7 @@ kontanter for noen dager siden.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Jeg_vil_ikke_ha_BankID.html b/blog/Jeg_vil_ikke_ha_BankID.html index 9a7a432e5b..fa68e41f5d 100644 --- a/blog/Jeg_vil_ikke_ha_BankID.html +++ b/blog/Jeg_vil_ikke_ha_BankID.html @@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ nettbankkontroll over egne midler. :(
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    • diff --git a/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html b/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html index fa3073a503..e0e933fbb0 100644 --- a/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html +++ b/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html @@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Kartverket__frigj__r__data_men_er_fortsatt_ikke_interessante.html b/blog/Kartverket__frigj__r__data_men_er_fortsatt_ikke_interessante.html index 29674dfd91..0acda46ce9 100644 --- a/blog/Kartverket__frigj__r__data_men_er_fortsatt_ikke_interessante.html +++ b/blog/Kartverket__frigj__r__data_men_er_fortsatt_ikke_interessante.html @@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ er ubrukelig til dette.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Korrupsjon_p___h__yeste_niv___.html b/blog/Korrupsjon_p___h__yeste_niv___.html index bdeb5988eb..e0b3d89836 100644 --- a/blog/Korrupsjon_p___h__yeste_niv___.html +++ b/blog/Korrupsjon_p___h__yeste_niv___.html @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ Sverige blir søndagskolefortellinger i sammenligning.

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    • diff --git a/blog/MVA_p___b__ker_med_DRM__ikke_MVA_p___b__ker_uten_DRM_.html b/blog/MVA_p___b__ker_med_DRM__ikke_MVA_p___b__ker_uten_DRM_.html index fd52507466..b56c6def53 100644 --- a/blog/MVA_p___b__ker_med_DRM__ikke_MVA_p___b__ker_uten_DRM_.html +++ b/blog/MVA_p___b__ker_med_DRM__ikke_MVA_p___b__ker_uten_DRM_.html @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ DRM mÃ¥ anses som et kjøp.

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    • @@ -130,9 +130,9 @@ DRM mÃ¥ anses som et kjøp.

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    • @@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ DRM mÃ¥ anses som et kjøp.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Magnetstripeinnhold_i_billetter_fra_Flytoget_og_Hurtigruten.html b/blog/Magnetstripeinnhold_i_billetter_fra_Flytoget_og_Hurtigruten.html index 6e0c4c63a6..7298358bfa 100644 --- a/blog/Magnetstripeinnhold_i_billetter_fra_Flytoget_og_Hurtigruten.html +++ b/blog/Magnetstripeinnhold_i_billetter_fra_Flytoget_og_Hurtigruten.html @@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ ser jeg mye korrespondanse mellom pÃ¥trykk og magnetstripe.

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    • @@ -166,9 +166,9 @@ ser jeg mye korrespondanse mellom pÃ¥trykk og magnetstripe.

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    • @@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ ser jeg mye korrespondanse mellom pÃ¥trykk og magnetstripe.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Massiv_overv__kning_av_kollektivtrafikken_i_Oslo_planlegges.html b/blog/Massiv_overv__kning_av_kollektivtrafikken_i_Oslo_planlegges.html index 4e6b9ee5bb..2d3169aba2 100644 --- a/blog/Massiv_overv__kning_av_kollektivtrafikken_i_Oslo_planlegges.html +++ b/blog/Massiv_overv__kning_av_kollektivtrafikken_i_Oslo_planlegges.html @@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ OsloomrÃ¥det.

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    • @@ -124,9 +124,9 @@ OsloomrÃ¥det.

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    • @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ OsloomrÃ¥det.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Mekanikk_delen_av_reprap_byggesettet_i_hus.html b/blog/Mekanikk_delen_av_reprap_byggesettet_i_hus.html index 22f7ed08f8..886dd74796 100644 --- a/blog/Mekanikk_delen_av_reprap_byggesettet_i_hus.html +++ b/blog/Mekanikk_delen_av_reprap_byggesettet_i_hus.html @@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ og kan melde seg pÃ¥ aktive@nuug.no.

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    • @@ -129,9 +129,9 @@ og kan melde seg pÃ¥ aktive@nuug.no.

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    • @@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ og kan melde seg pÃ¥ aktive@nuug.no.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Mekanikk_delen_av_reprap_byggesettet_p___vei.html b/blog/Mekanikk_delen_av_reprap_byggesettet_p___vei.html index ac9aedf520..6072811651 100644 --- a/blog/Mekanikk_delen_av_reprap_byggesettet_p___vei.html +++ b/blog/Mekanikk_delen_av_reprap_byggesettet_p___vei.html @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ bort første pakke.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Mens_vi_venter_p___3D_skriveren.html b/blog/Mens_vi_venter_p___3D_skriveren.html index 066575dd97..fc9f832b8c 100644 --- a/blog/Mens_vi_venter_p___3D_skriveren.html +++ b/blog/Mens_vi_venter_p___3D_skriveren.html @@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ hÃ¥per det ikke gÃ¥r tapt pÃ¥ samme vis.

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    • @@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ hÃ¥per det ikke gÃ¥r tapt pÃ¥ samme vis.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Microsofts_misvisende_argumentasjon_rundt_multimediaformater.html b/blog/Microsofts_misvisende_argumentasjon_rundt_multimediaformater.html index 739c606ddc..5933a6484e 100644 --- a/blog/Microsofts_misvisende_argumentasjon_rundt_multimediaformater.html +++ b/blog/Microsofts_misvisende_argumentasjon_rundt_multimediaformater.html @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ misvisende pÃ¥stander etter i sømmene.

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    • diff --git a/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html b/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html index d5c6efa23c..e9308d1913 100644 --- a/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html +++ b/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html @@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.

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    • @@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Nasjonalbiblioteket_legger_ut_b__ker_p___web.html b/blog/Nasjonalbiblioteket_legger_ut_b__ker_p___web.html index d596f6b685..e8e35207f7 100644 --- a/blog/Nasjonalbiblioteket_legger_ut_b__ker_p___web.html +++ b/blog/Nasjonalbiblioteket_legger_ut_b__ker_p___web.html @@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ fortløpende.

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    • diff --git a/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html b/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000000..991bbbaa69 --- /dev/null +++ b/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html @@ -0,0 +1,274 @@ + + + + Petter Reinholdtsen: No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients + + + + +
    +

    + Petter Reinholdtsen + +

    + +
    + + +
    +
    No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients
    +
    2010-08-09 20:15
    +
    +

    As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian +Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded +configuration settings on the clients. I believe the work to be +mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically +generated configuration.

    + +

    What is the point, you might ask? The point is to allow a Debian +Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure +without any manual configuration.

    + +

    This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at +the University of Oslo using PXE. With the PXE installation, I am +asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard +layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I +accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to +popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret). After answering +these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and +after around 50 minutes it is done. I press enter to finish the +installation, and the machine reboots into KDE. When the machine is +ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university +username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has +been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the +same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop. At no point during +this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the +required configuration was dynamically detected using information +fetched via DHCP and DNS. The roaming workstation is now ready for +use.

    + +

    How was this done, you might wonder? First of all, here is the +list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it +working properly out of the box:

    + +
      +
    • IP address/netmask and DNS server.
      • +
    • Web proxy URL.
      • +
    • LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).
      • +
    • Kerberos server for PAM password checking.
      • +
    • SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)
      • +
    • Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)
      • +
    • Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)
      • +
    + +

    (Hm, did I forget anything? Let me knew if I did.)

    + +

    The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the +machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system +administrators to track their machines. Since yesterday, everything +but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot +and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.

    + +

    The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual. +When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for +http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to +configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and +/etc/apt/apt.conf. I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP +hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when +it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local +proxy present on the new network when it moves around.

    + +

    The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related +configuration are generated using DNS information at boot. First the +installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain. If +not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead. If an +LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the +attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to +determine which LDAP base to use for NSS. If there are several +namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that +LDAP subtree is used as the base. If defaultNamingContext is missing, +the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any +object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with +such an object is used as the LDAP base. For Kerberos, a similar +search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then +for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record. I've been unable to find a way to +look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the +current DNS domain is used.

    + +

    For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched +for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is +found. This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of +Oslo. A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary +server, but have not been implemented yet. I decided to fetch and +save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a +different network does not change the set of users being allowed to +log in nor the passwords required to log in. Usernames and passwords +will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu +network, and will not change as the laptop move around. For a +non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is +supposed to stay in place it should not matter much. Perhaps we +should switch those to use sssd too?

    + +

    The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is +located when the user logs in for the first time. The LDAP server is +consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath +attribute is used if found. If it isn't found, the home directory +path fetched from NSS is used instead. Assuming the path is of the +form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in +DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form +smb://server.domain/username. This algorithm works for both Debian +edu and the University of Oslo. Perhaps there are better attributes +to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will +do for now. :)

    + +

    This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients +into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even +more flexible than before. I suspect it will also work for thin +client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a +existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this +yet.

    + +

    If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian +Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

    +
    + +
    Tags: debian edu, english, nuug.
    + +
    + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/blog/No_patch_is_not_better_than_a_useless_patch.html b/blog/No_patch_is_not_better_than_a_useless_patch.html index 82e8df1a1a..a5a7ad9ab6 100644 --- a/blog/No_patch_is_not_better_than_a_useless_patch.html +++ b/blog/No_patch_is_not_better_than_a_useless_patch.html @@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ properties.

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    • @@ -139,7 +139,7 @@ properties.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Norge_trenger_en_personvernforening.html b/blog/Norge_trenger_en_personvernforening.html index 9cb601a8d1..05f63a1757 100644 --- a/blog/Norge_trenger_en_personvernforening.html +++ b/blog/Norge_trenger_en_personvernforening.html @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ nÃ¥ fÃ¥r vi se om noen er enig.

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    • diff --git a/blog/ODF_bruk_i_staten__ikke_helt_p___plass.html b/blog/ODF_bruk_i_staten__ikke_helt_p___plass.html index a17e50bfee..6868542040 100644 --- a/blog/ODF_bruk_i_staten__ikke_helt_p___plass.html +++ b/blog/ODF_bruk_i_staten__ikke_helt_p___plass.html @@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ Kjenner kun til ufullstendige løsninger for slikt.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Officeshots_taking_shape.html b/blog/Officeshots_taking_shape.html index c9e1d96c7a..d2748f124e 100644 --- a/blog/Officeshots_taking_shape.html +++ b/blog/Officeshots_taking_shape.html @@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ Windows. This is great.

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    • @@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ Windows. This is great.

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    • diff --git a/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html b/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html index 800bcf90df..2d0b155982 100644 --- a/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html +++ b/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

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    • diff --git a/blog/OpenStreetmap_one_step_closer_to_having_routing_on_its_front_page.html b/blog/OpenStreetmap_one_step_closer_to_having_routing_on_its_front_page.html index fac6e4643d..83a38d1069 100644 --- a/blog/OpenStreetmap_one_step_closer_to_having_routing_on_its_front_page.html +++ b/blog/OpenStreetmap_one_step_closer_to_having_routing_on_its_front_page.html @@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ www.openstreetmap.org front page.

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    • @@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ www.openstreetmap.org front page.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html b/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html index c97a4e9f51..6c374395f2 100644 --- a/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html +++ b/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ Resten er historie. :)

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    • @@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ Resten er historie. :)

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    • diff --git a/blog/P___vegne_av_vanvitting_mange__Aftenposten_.html b/blog/P___vegne_av_vanvitting_mange__Aftenposten_.html index 3ee3156a26..8951810d3d 100644 --- a/blog/P___vegne_av_vanvitting_mange__Aftenposten_.html +++ b/blog/P___vegne_av_vanvitting_mange__Aftenposten_.html @@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ Hr. Fossen. MÃ¥ innrømme at jeg tviler pÃ¥ det.

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    • @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ Hr. Fossen. MÃ¥ innrømme at jeg tviler pÃ¥ det.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Regjerningen_forlater_prinsippet_om_ingen_royalty_betaling_i_standardkatalogen_versjon_2.html b/blog/Regjerningen_forlater_prinsippet_om_ingen_royalty_betaling_i_standardkatalogen_versjon_2.html index 4536886d0b..885c461bd8 100644 --- a/blog/Regjerningen_forlater_prinsippet_om_ingen_royalty_betaling_i_standardkatalogen_versjon_2.html +++ b/blog/Regjerningen_forlater_prinsippet_om_ingen_royalty_betaling_i_standardkatalogen_versjon_2.html @@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ høringsuttalelse, men ser ut til Ã¥ ha blitt ignorert.

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    • @@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ reprap-en kvikner til.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html b/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html index 9e2ee5fe2b..e86b368c84 100644 --- a/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html +++ b/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html @@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ it. :)

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    • diff --git a/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html b/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html index 005320dabf..9e00438fb1 100644 --- a/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html +++ b/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ be the only one fitting our needs. :/

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    • diff --git a/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html b/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html index efe826b7af..f1c03a9769 100644 --- a/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html +++ b/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html @@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

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    • diff --git a/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html b/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html index 8eb4cca6b6..b1a67c8294 100644 --- a/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html +++ b/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ new IETF work group?

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    • diff --git a/blog/archive/2009/11/index.html b/blog/archive/2009/11/index.html index d49c78b58c..3270943ff5 100644 --- a/blog/archive/2009/11/index.html +++ b/blog/archive/2009/11/index.html @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ er ubrukelig til dette.

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    • @@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ er ubrukelig til dette.

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    • diff --git a/blog/archive/2009/12/index.html b/blog/archive/2009/12/index.html index c24098e2a0..425ccb7720 100644 --- a/blog/archive/2009/12/index.html +++ b/blog/archive/2009/12/index.html @@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ pÃ¥ flyplassene.

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    • diff --git a/blog/archive/2010/01/index.html b/blog/archive/2010/01/index.html index c8d0fc0356..8ef995fa9c 100644 --- a/blog/archive/2010/01/index.html +++ b/blog/archive/2010/01/index.html @@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ platforme.

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    • diff --git a/blog/archive/2010/03/index.html b/blog/archive/2010/03/index.html index 63920514b9..b833614a3c 100644 --- a/blog/archive/2010/03/index.html +++ b/blog/archive/2010/03/index.html @@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ Hr. Fossen. MÃ¥ innrømme at jeg tviler pÃ¥ det.

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    • diff --git a/blog/archive/2010/04/index.html b/blog/archive/2010/04/index.html index ac3e7b9f78..ba1e2d97a4 100644 --- a/blog/archive/2010/04/index.html +++ b/blog/archive/2010/04/index.html @@ -225,7 +225,7 @@ please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

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    • diff --git a/blog/archive/2010/05/index.html b/blog/archive/2010/05/index.html index 42f80a2866..03e0e363ae 100644 --- a/blog/archive/2010/05/index.html +++ b/blog/archive/2010/05/index.html @@ -617,7 +617,7 @@ list of usertagged bugs related to this.

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    • diff --git a/blog/archive/2010/06/index.html b/blog/archive/2010/06/index.html index 16730512d8..cc0d6ce5a3 100644 --- a/blog/archive/2010/06/index.html +++ b/blog/archive/2010/06/index.html @@ -1016,7 +1016,7 @@ changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.

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    • @@ -1095,7 +1095,7 @@ changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.

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    • diff --git a/blog/archive/2010/07/index.html b/blog/archive/2010/07/index.html index f95fd8113f..0db5989a60 100644 --- a/blog/archive/2010/07/index.html +++ b/blog/archive/2010/07/index.html @@ -1309,7 +1309,7 @@ it.

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    • @@ -1368,9 +1368,9 @@ it.

  • debian (35)
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    • @@ -1388,7 +1388,7 @@ it.

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    • diff --git a/blog/archive/2010/08/08.rss b/blog/archive/2010/08/08.rss index 585a0b050b..680e0f0431 100644 --- a/blog/archive/2010/08/08.rss +++ b/blog/archive/2010/08/08.rss @@ -333,5 +333,125 @@ it. :)</p> + + No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html + Mon, 9 Aug 2010 20:15:00 +0200 + +<p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian +Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded +configuration settings on the clients. I believe the work to be +mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically +generated configuration.</p> + +<p>What is the point, you might ask? The point is to allow a Debian +Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure +without any manual configuration.</p> + +<p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at +the University of Oslo using PXE. With the PXE installation, I am +asked for language (Norwegian BokmÃ¥l), locality (Norway) and keyboard +layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I +accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to +popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret). After answering +these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and +after around 50 minutes it is done. I press enter to finish the +installation, and the machine reboots into KDE. When the machine is +ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university +username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has +been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the +same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop. At no point during +this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the +required configuration was dynamically detected using information +fetched via DHCP and DNS. The roaming workstation is now ready for +use.</p> + +<p>How was this done, you might wonder? First of all, here is the +list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it +working properly out of the box:</p> + +<ul> +<li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li> +<li>Web proxy URL.</li> +<li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li> +<li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li> +<li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li> +<li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li> +<li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li> +</ul> + +<p>(Hm, did I forget anything? Let me knew if I did.)</p> + +<p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the +machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system +administrators to track their machines. Since yesterday, everything +but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot +and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p> + +<p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual. +When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for +http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to +configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and +/etc/apt/apt.conf. I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP +hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when +it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local +proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p> + +<p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related +configuration are generated using DNS information at boot. First the +installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain. If +not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead. If an +LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the +attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to +determine which LDAP base to use for NSS. If there are several +namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that +LDAP subtree is used as the base. If defaultNamingContext is missing, +the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any +object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with +such an object is used as the LDAP base. For Kerberos, a similar +search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then +for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record. I've been unable to find a way to +look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the +current DNS domain is used.</p> + +<p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched +for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is +found. This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of +Oslo. A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary +server, but have not been implemented yet. I decided to fetch and +save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a +different network does not change the set of users being allowed to +log in nor the passwords required to log in. Usernames and passwords +will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu +network, and will not change as the laptop move around. For a +non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is +supposed to stay in place it should not matter much. Perhaps we +should switch those to use sssd too?</p> + +<p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is +located when the user logs in for the first time. The LDAP server is +consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath +attribute is used if found. If it isn't found, the home directory +path fetched from NSS is used instead. Assuming the path is of the +form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in +DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form +smb://server.domain/username. This algorithm works for both Debian +edu and the University of Oslo. Perhaps there are better attributes +to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will +do for now. :)</p> + +<p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients +into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even +more flexible than before. I suspect it will also work for thin +client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a +existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this +yet.</p> + +<p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian +Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p> + + + diff --git a/blog/archive/2010/08/index.html b/blog/archive/2010/08/index.html index a7a068cec3..606cc1fec5 100644 --- a/blog/archive/2010/08/index.html +++ b/blog/archive/2010/08/index.html @@ -380,6 +380,139 @@ it. :)

    + Tags: debian edu, english, nuug. + + + +
    + +
    +
    + No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients +
    +
    + 2010-08-09 20:15 +
    + +
    + +

    As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian +Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded +configuration settings on the clients. I believe the work to be +mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically +generated configuration.

    + +

    What is the point, you might ask? The point is to allow a Debian +Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure +without any manual configuration.

    + +

    This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at +the University of Oslo using PXE. With the PXE installation, I am +asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard +layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I +accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to +popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret). After answering +these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and +after around 50 minutes it is done. I press enter to finish the +installation, and the machine reboots into KDE. When the machine is +ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university +username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has +been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the +same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop. At no point during +this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the +required configuration was dynamically detected using information +fetched via DHCP and DNS. The roaming workstation is now ready for +use.

    + +

    How was this done, you might wonder? First of all, here is the +list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it +working properly out of the box:

    + +
      +
    • IP address/netmask and DNS server.
      • +
    • Web proxy URL.
      • +
    • LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).
      • +
    • Kerberos server for PAM password checking.
      • +
    • SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)
      • +
    • Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)
      • +
    • Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)
      • +
    + +

    (Hm, did I forget anything? Let me knew if I did.)

    + +

    The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the +machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system +administrators to track their machines. Since yesterday, everything +but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot +and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.

    + +

    The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual. +When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for +http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to +configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and +/etc/apt/apt.conf. I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP +hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when +it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local +proxy present on the new network when it moves around.

    + +

    The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related +configuration are generated using DNS information at boot. First the +installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain. If +not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead. If an +LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the +attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to +determine which LDAP base to use for NSS. If there are several +namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that +LDAP subtree is used as the base. If defaultNamingContext is missing, +the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any +object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with +such an object is used as the LDAP base. For Kerberos, a similar +search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then +for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record. I've been unable to find a way to +look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the +current DNS domain is used.

    + +

    For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched +for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is +found. This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of +Oslo. A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary +server, but have not been implemented yet. I decided to fetch and +save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a +different network does not change the set of users being allowed to +log in nor the passwords required to log in. Usernames and passwords +will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu +network, and will not change as the laptop move around. For a +non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is +supposed to stay in place it should not matter much. Perhaps we +should switch those to use sssd too?

    + +

    The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is +located when the user logs in for the first time. The LDAP server is +consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath +attribute is used if found. If it isn't found, the home directory +path fetched from NSS is used instead. Assuming the path is of the +form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in +DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form +smb://server.domain/username. This algorithm works for both Debian +edu and the University of Oslo. Perhaps there are better attributes +to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will +do for now. :)

    + +

    This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients +into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even +more flexible than before. I suspect it will also work for thin +client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a +existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this +yet.

    + +

    If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian +Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

    + +
    +
    + + + Tags: debian edu, english, nuug.
    @@ -412,7 +545,7 @@ it. :)

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    • @@ -471,9 +604,9 @@ it. :)

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    • @@ -491,7 +624,7 @@ it. :)

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    • diff --git a/blog/index.html b/blog/index.html index 4f0a93f00b..af13983c4d 100644 --- a/blog/index.html +++ b/blog/index.html @@ -19,6 +19,132 @@ +
    +
    No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients
    +
    2010-08-09 20:15
    +
    +

    As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian +Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded +configuration settings on the clients. I believe the work to be +mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically +generated configuration.

    + +

    What is the point, you might ask? The point is to allow a Debian +Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure +without any manual configuration.

    + +

    This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at +the University of Oslo using PXE. With the PXE installation, I am +asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard +layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I +accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to +popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret). After answering +these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and +after around 50 minutes it is done. I press enter to finish the +installation, and the machine reboots into KDE. When the machine is +ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university +username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has +been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the +same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop. At no point during +this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the +required configuration was dynamically detected using information +fetched via DHCP and DNS. The roaming workstation is now ready for +use.

    + +

    How was this done, you might wonder? First of all, here is the +list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it +working properly out of the box:

    + +
      +
    • IP address/netmask and DNS server.
      • +
    • Web proxy URL.
      • +
    • LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).
      • +
    • Kerberos server for PAM password checking.
      • +
    • SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)
      • +
    • Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)
      • +
    • Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)
      • +
    + +

    (Hm, did I forget anything? Let me knew if I did.)

    + +

    The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the +machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system +administrators to track their machines. Since yesterday, everything +but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot +and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.

    + +

    The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual. +When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for +http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to +configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and +/etc/apt/apt.conf. I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP +hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when +it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local +proxy present on the new network when it moves around.

    + +

    The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related +configuration are generated using DNS information at boot. First the +installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain. If +not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead. If an +LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the +attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to +determine which LDAP base to use for NSS. If there are several +namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that +LDAP subtree is used as the base. If defaultNamingContext is missing, +the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any +object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with +such an object is used as the LDAP base. For Kerberos, a similar +search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then +for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record. I've been unable to find a way to +look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the +current DNS domain is used.

    + +

    For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched +for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is +found. This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of +Oslo. A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary +server, but have not been implemented yet. I decided to fetch and +save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a +different network does not change the set of users being allowed to +log in nor the passwords required to log in. Usernames and passwords +will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu +network, and will not change as the laptop move around. For a +non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is +supposed to stay in place it should not matter much. Perhaps we +should switch those to use sssd too?

    + +

    The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is +located when the user logs in for the first time. The LDAP server is +consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath +attribute is used if found. If it isn't found, the home directory +path fetched from NSS is used instead. Assuming the path is of the +form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in +DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form +smb://server.domain/username. This algorithm works for both Debian +edu and the University of Oslo. Perhaps there are better attributes +to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will +do for now. :)

    + +

    This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients +into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even +more flexible than before. I suspect it will also work for thin +client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a +existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this +yet.

    + +

    If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian +Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

    +
    +
    + + + + Tags: debian edu, english, nuug. + +
    +
    +
    +
    Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...
    2010-08-08 21:20
    @@ -992,78 +1118,6 @@ auxiliary object class.

    - Tags: debian, debian edu, english, ldap, nuug. - -
    -
    -
    - -
    -
    Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects
    -
    2010-07-14 23:45
    -
    -

    For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and -DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given -computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for -a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way -around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.

    - -

    I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this -information finally found a solution that seem to work.

    - -

    The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer. -One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry. If -we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict -in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are -merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map -to a slave DNS server.

    - -

    If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related -attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the -dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one. -I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need -proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup. It -seem to work.

    - -

    With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object -for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in -an earlier email. The combined LDAP object will look something like -this:

    - -
    -  dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
-  cn: hostname
-  objectClass: dhcphost
-  objectclass: domainrelatedobject
-  objectclass: dnsdomainaux
-  associateddomain: hostname.intern
-  arecord: 10.11.12.13
-  dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
-  dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
-  ldapconfigsound: Y
-
    - -

    The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while -the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries -before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress. LTSP will use -dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.

    - -

    I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its -dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects -outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do -that. If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of -the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree -(which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new -content. I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that -might be a good place to put it.

    - -

    If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu, -please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

    -
    -
    - - - Tags: debian, debian edu, english, ldap, nuug.
    @@ -1098,7 +1152,7 @@ please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

  • July (12)
    • -
  • August (3)
    • +
  • August (4)
    • @@ -1157,9 +1211,9 @@ please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

  • debian (35)
    • -
  • debian edu (39)
    • +
  • debian edu (40)
    • -
  • english (54)
    • +
  • english (55)
  • fiksgatami (1)
    • @@ -1177,7 +1231,7 @@ please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

  • norsk (71)
    • -
  • nuug (91)
    • +
  • nuug (92)
  • opphavsrett (14)
    • diff --git a/blog/index.rss b/blog/index.rss index 38857dcdbd..8f2094baa9 100644 --- a/blog/index.rss +++ b/blog/index.rss @@ -6,6 +6,126 @@ http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ + + No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html + Mon, 9 Aug 2010 20:15:00 +0200 + +<p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian +Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded +configuration settings on the clients. I believe the work to be +mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically +generated configuration.</p> + +<p>What is the point, you might ask? The point is to allow a Debian +Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure +without any manual configuration.</p> + +<p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at +the University of Oslo using PXE. With the PXE installation, I am +asked for language (Norwegian BokmÃ¥l), locality (Norway) and keyboard +layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I +accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to +popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret). After answering +these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and +after around 50 minutes it is done. I press enter to finish the +installation, and the machine reboots into KDE. When the machine is +ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university +username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has +been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the +same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop. At no point during +this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the +required configuration was dynamically detected using information +fetched via DHCP and DNS. The roaming workstation is now ready for +use.</p> + +<p>How was this done, you might wonder? First of all, here is the +list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it +working properly out of the box:</p> + +<ul> +<li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li> +<li>Web proxy URL.</li> +<li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li> +<li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li> +<li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li> +<li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li> +<li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li> +</ul> + +<p>(Hm, did I forget anything? Let me knew if I did.)</p> + +<p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the +machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system +administrators to track their machines. Since yesterday, everything +but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot +and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p> + +<p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual. +When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for +http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to +configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and +/etc/apt/apt.conf. I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP +hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when +it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local +proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p> + +<p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related +configuration are generated using DNS information at boot. First the +installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain. If +not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead. If an +LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the +attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to +determine which LDAP base to use for NSS. If there are several +namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that +LDAP subtree is used as the base. If defaultNamingContext is missing, +the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any +object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with +such an object is used as the LDAP base. For Kerberos, a similar +search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then +for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record. I've been unable to find a way to +look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the +current DNS domain is used.</p> + +<p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched +for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is +found. This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of +Oslo. A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary +server, but have not been implemented yet. I decided to fetch and +save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a +different network does not change the set of users being allowed to +log in nor the passwords required to log in. Usernames and passwords +will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu +network, and will not change as the laptop move around. For a +non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is +supposed to stay in place it should not matter much. Perhaps we +should switch those to use sssd too?</p> + +<p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is +located when the user logs in for the first time. The LDAP server is +consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath +attribute is used if found. If it isn't found, the home directory +path fetched from NSS is used instead. Assuming the path is of the +form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in +DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form +smb://server.domain/username. This algorithm works for both Debian +edu and the University of Oslo. Perhaps there are better attributes +to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will +do for now. :)</p> + +<p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients +into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even +more flexible than before. I suspect it will also work for thin +client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a +existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this +yet.</p> + +<p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian +Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p> + + + Testing if a file system can be used for home directories... http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html @@ -931,71 +1051,5 @@ auxiliary object class.</p> - - Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html - http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html - Wed, 14 Jul 2010 23:45:00 +0200 - -<p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and -DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given -computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for -a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way -around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p> - -<p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this -information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p> - -<p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer. -One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry. If -we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict -in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are -merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map -to a slave DNS server.</p> - -<p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related -attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the -dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one. -I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need -proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup. It -seem to work.</p> - -<p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object -for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in -an earlier email. The combined LDAP object will look something like -this:</p> - -<blockquote><pre> - dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no - cn: hostname - objectClass: dhcphost - objectclass: domainrelatedobject - objectclass: dnsdomainaux - associateddomain: hostname.intern - arecord: 10.11.12.13 - dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00 - dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname - ldapconfigsound: Y -</pre></blockquote> - -<p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while -the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries -before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress. LTSP will use -dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p> - -<p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its -dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects -outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do -that. If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of -the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree -(which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new -content. I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that -might be a good place to put it.</p> - -<p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu, -please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p> - - - diff --git a/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html b/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html index 2688a63483..7550a7e829 100644 --- a/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html +++ b/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html @@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ and remove the failing query. Nothing big, but very annoying.

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    • @@ -126,9 +126,9 @@ and remove the failing query. Nothing big, but very annoying.

  • debian (35)
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    • +
  • debian edu (40)
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  • fiksgatami (1)
    • @@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ and remove the failing query. Nothing big, but very annoying.

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  • nuug (92)
  • opphavsrett (14)
    • diff --git a/blog/sitemap.xml b/blog/sitemap.xml index 35258dea63..02aa71df8b 100644 --- a/blog/sitemap.xml +++ b/blog/sitemap.xml @@ -415,6 +415,11 @@ 0.50 weekly + + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html + 0.50 + weekly + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_patch_is_not_better_than_a_useless_patch.html 0.50 diff --git a/blog/systemd__an_interesting_alternative_to_upstart.html b/blog/systemd__an_interesting_alternative_to_upstart.html index 57bfabfff7..a66d3f3d4f 100644 --- a/blog/systemd__an_interesting_alternative_to_upstart.html +++ b/blog/systemd__an_interesting_alternative_to_upstart.html @@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ with parallel booting enabled by default.

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    • @@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ with parallel booting enabled by default.

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    • diff --git a/blog/tags/bootsystem/index.html b/blog/tags/bootsystem/index.html index 0bf262a069..328ecfe55e 100644 --- a/blog/tags/bootsystem/index.html +++ b/blog/tags/bootsystem/index.html @@ -662,7 +662,7 @@ packages.

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    • diff --git a/blog/tags/debian edu/debian edu.rss b/blog/tags/debian edu/debian edu.rss index d45bd075fa..2cabf4c534 100644 --- a/blog/tags/debian edu/debian edu.rss +++ b/blog/tags/debian edu/debian edu.rss @@ -2661,5 +2661,125 @@ it. :)</p> + + No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html + Mon, 9 Aug 2010 20:15:00 +0200 + +<p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian +Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded +configuration settings on the clients. I believe the work to be +mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically +generated configuration.</p> + +<p>What is the point, you might ask? The point is to allow a Debian +Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure +without any manual configuration.</p> + +<p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at +the University of Oslo using PXE. With the PXE installation, I am +asked for language (Norwegian BokmÃ¥l), locality (Norway) and keyboard +layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I +accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to +popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret). After answering +these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and +after around 50 minutes it is done. I press enter to finish the +installation, and the machine reboots into KDE. When the machine is +ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university +username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has +been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the +same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop. At no point during +this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the +required configuration was dynamically detected using information +fetched via DHCP and DNS. The roaming workstation is now ready for +use.</p> + +<p>How was this done, you might wonder? First of all, here is the +list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it +working properly out of the box:</p> + +<ul> +<li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li> +<li>Web proxy URL.</li> +<li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li> +<li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li> +<li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li> +<li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li> +<li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li> +</ul> + +<p>(Hm, did I forget anything? Let me knew if I did.)</p> + +<p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the +machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system +administrators to track their machines. Since yesterday, everything +but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot +and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p> + +<p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual. +When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for +http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to +configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and +/etc/apt/apt.conf. I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP +hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when +it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local +proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p> + +<p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related +configuration are generated using DNS information at boot. First the +installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain. If +not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead. If an +LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the +attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to +determine which LDAP base to use for NSS. If there are several +namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that +LDAP subtree is used as the base. If defaultNamingContext is missing, +the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any +object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with +such an object is used as the LDAP base. For Kerberos, a similar +search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then +for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record. I've been unable to find a way to +look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the +current DNS domain is used.</p> + +<p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched +for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is +found. This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of +Oslo. A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary +server, but have not been implemented yet. I decided to fetch and +save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a +different network does not change the set of users being allowed to +log in nor the passwords required to log in. Usernames and passwords +will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu +network, and will not change as the laptop move around. For a +non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is +supposed to stay in place it should not matter much. Perhaps we +should switch those to use sssd too?</p> + +<p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is +located when the user logs in for the first time. The LDAP server is +consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath +attribute is used if found. If it isn't found, the home directory +path fetched from NSS is used instead. Assuming the path is of the +form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in +DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form +smb://server.domain/username. This algorithm works for both Debian +edu and the University of Oslo. Perhaps there are better attributes +to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will +do for now. :)</p> + +<p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients +into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even +more flexible than before. I suspect it will also work for thin +client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a +existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this +yet.</p> + +<p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian +Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p> + + + diff --git a/blog/tags/debian edu/index.html b/blog/tags/debian edu/index.html index f5851be916..cafec260ed 100644 --- a/blog/tags/debian edu/index.html +++ b/blog/tags/debian edu/index.html @@ -3177,6 +3177,139 @@ it. :)

    + Tags: debian edu, english, nuug. + +
    + +
    + +
    +
    + No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients +
    +
    + 2010-08-09 20:15 +
    + +
    + +

    As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian +Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded +configuration settings on the clients. I believe the work to be +mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically +generated configuration.

    + +

    What is the point, you might ask? The point is to allow a Debian +Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure +without any manual configuration.

    + +

    This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at +the University of Oslo using PXE. With the PXE installation, I am +asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard +layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I +accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to +popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret). After answering +these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and +after around 50 minutes it is done. I press enter to finish the +installation, and the machine reboots into KDE. When the machine is +ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university +username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has +been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the +same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop. At no point during +this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the +required configuration was dynamically detected using information +fetched via DHCP and DNS. The roaming workstation is now ready for +use.

    + +

    How was this done, you might wonder? First of all, here is the +list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it +working properly out of the box:

    + +
      +
    • IP address/netmask and DNS server.
      • +
    • Web proxy URL.
      • +
    • LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).
      • +
    • Kerberos server for PAM password checking.
      • +
    • SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)
      • +
    • Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)
      • +
    • Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)
      • +
    + +

    (Hm, did I forget anything? Let me knew if I did.)

    + +

    The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the +machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system +administrators to track their machines. Since yesterday, everything +but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot +and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.

    + +

    The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual. +When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for +http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to +configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and +/etc/apt/apt.conf. I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP +hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when +it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local +proxy present on the new network when it moves around.

    + +

    The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related +configuration are generated using DNS information at boot. First the +installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain. If +not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead. If an +LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the +attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to +determine which LDAP base to use for NSS. If there are several +namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that +LDAP subtree is used as the base. If defaultNamingContext is missing, +the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any +object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with +such an object is used as the LDAP base. For Kerberos, a similar +search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then +for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record. I've been unable to find a way to +look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the +current DNS domain is used.

    + +

    For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched +for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is +found. This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of +Oslo. A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary +server, but have not been implemented yet. I decided to fetch and +save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a +different network does not change the set of users being allowed to +log in nor the passwords required to log in. Usernames and passwords +will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu +network, and will not change as the laptop move around. For a +non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is +supposed to stay in place it should not matter much. Perhaps we +should switch those to use sssd too?

    + +

    The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is +located when the user logs in for the first time. The LDAP server is +consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath +attribute is used if found. If it isn't found, the home directory +path fetched from NSS is used instead. Assuming the path is of the +form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in +DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form +smb://server.domain/username. This algorithm works for both Debian +edu and the University of Oslo. Perhaps there are better attributes +to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will +do for now. :)

    + +

    This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients +into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even +more flexible than before. I suspect it will also work for thin +client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a +existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this +yet.

    + +

    If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian +Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

    + +
    +
    + + + Tags: debian edu, english, nuug.
    @@ -3210,7 +3343,7 @@ it. :)

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  • August (4)
    • @@ -3269,9 +3402,9 @@ it. :)

  • debian (35)
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  • debian edu (39)
    • +
  • debian edu (40)
    • -
  • english (54)
    • +
  • english (55)
  • fiksgatami (1)
    • @@ -3289,7 +3422,7 @@ it. :)

  • norsk (71)
    • -
  • nuug (91)
    • +
  • nuug (92)
  • opphavsrett (14)
    • diff --git a/blog/tags/debian/index.html b/blog/tags/debian/index.html index d01709bc72..bccbceb35b 100644 --- a/blog/tags/debian/index.html +++ b/blog/tags/debian/index.html @@ -2416,7 +2416,7 @@ it.

  • July (12)
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  • August (3)
    • +
  • August (4)
    • @@ -2475,9 +2475,9 @@ it.

  • debian (35)
    • -
  • debian edu (39)
    • +
  • debian edu (40)
    • -
  • english (54)
    • +
  • english (55)
  • fiksgatami (1)
    • @@ -2495,7 +2495,7 @@ it.

  • norsk (71)
    • -
  • nuug (91)
    • +
  • nuug (92)
  • opphavsrett (14)
    • diff --git a/blog/tags/english/english.rss b/blog/tags/english/english.rss index b3c6bfae1c..ec282fde38 100644 --- a/blog/tags/english/english.rss +++ b/blog/tags/english/english.rss @@ -3375,5 +3375,125 @@ it. :)</p> + + No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html + Mon, 9 Aug 2010 20:15:00 +0200 + +<p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian +Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded +configuration settings on the clients. I believe the work to be +mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically +generated configuration.</p> + +<p>What is the point, you might ask? The point is to allow a Debian +Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure +without any manual configuration.</p> + +<p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at +the University of Oslo using PXE. With the PXE installation, I am +asked for language (Norwegian BokmÃ¥l), locality (Norway) and keyboard +layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I +accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to +popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret). After answering +these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and +after around 50 minutes it is done. I press enter to finish the +installation, and the machine reboots into KDE. When the machine is +ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university +username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has +been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the +same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop. At no point during +this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the +required configuration was dynamically detected using information +fetched via DHCP and DNS. The roaming workstation is now ready for +use.</p> + +<p>How was this done, you might wonder? First of all, here is the +list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it +working properly out of the box:</p> + +<ul> +<li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li> +<li>Web proxy URL.</li> +<li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li> +<li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li> +<li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li> +<li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li> +<li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li> +</ul> + +<p>(Hm, did I forget anything? Let me knew if I did.)</p> + +<p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the +machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system +administrators to track their machines. Since yesterday, everything +but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot +and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p> + +<p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual. +When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for +http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to +configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and +/etc/apt/apt.conf. I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP +hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when +it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local +proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p> + +<p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related +configuration are generated using DNS information at boot. First the +installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain. If +not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead. If an +LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the +attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to +determine which LDAP base to use for NSS. If there are several +namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that +LDAP subtree is used as the base. If defaultNamingContext is missing, +the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any +object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with +such an object is used as the LDAP base. For Kerberos, a similar +search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then +for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record. I've been unable to find a way to +look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the +current DNS domain is used.</p> + +<p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched +for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is +found. This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of +Oslo. A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary +server, but have not been implemented yet. I decided to fetch and +save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a +different network does not change the set of users being allowed to +log in nor the passwords required to log in. Usernames and passwords +will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu +network, and will not change as the laptop move around. For a +non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is +supposed to stay in place it should not matter much. Perhaps we +should switch those to use sssd too?</p> + +<p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is +located when the user logs in for the first time. The LDAP server is +consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath +attribute is used if found. If it isn't found, the home directory +path fetched from NSS is used instead. Assuming the path is of the +form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in +DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form +smb://server.domain/username. This algorithm works for both Debian +edu and the University of Oslo. Perhaps there are better attributes +to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will +do for now. :)</p> + +<p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients +into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even +more flexible than before. I suspect it will also work for thin +client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a +existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this +yet.</p> + +<p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian +Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p> + + + diff --git a/blog/tags/english/index.html b/blog/tags/english/index.html index 07c67b4897..7ee079c10a 100644 --- a/blog/tags/english/index.html +++ b/blog/tags/english/index.html @@ -4086,6 +4086,139 @@ it. :)

    + Tags: debian edu, english, nuug. + +
    + +
    + +
    +
    + No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients +
    +
    + 2010-08-09 20:15 +
    + +
    + +

    As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian +Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded +configuration settings on the clients. I believe the work to be +mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically +generated configuration.

    + +

    What is the point, you might ask? The point is to allow a Debian +Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure +without any manual configuration.

    + +

    This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at +the University of Oslo using PXE. With the PXE installation, I am +asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard +layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I +accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to +popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret). After answering +these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and +after around 50 minutes it is done. I press enter to finish the +installation, and the machine reboots into KDE. When the machine is +ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university +username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has +been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the +same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop. At no point during +this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the +required configuration was dynamically detected using information +fetched via DHCP and DNS. The roaming workstation is now ready for +use.

    + +

    How was this done, you might wonder? First of all, here is the +list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it +working properly out of the box:

    + +
      +
    • IP address/netmask and DNS server.
      • +
    • Web proxy URL.
      • +
    • LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).
      • +
    • Kerberos server for PAM password checking.
      • +
    • SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)
      • +
    • Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)
      • +
    • Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)
      • +
    + +

    (Hm, did I forget anything? Let me knew if I did.)

    + +

    The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the +machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system +administrators to track their machines. Since yesterday, everything +but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot +and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.

    + +

    The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual. +When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for +http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to +configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and +/etc/apt/apt.conf. I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP +hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when +it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local +proxy present on the new network when it moves around.

    + +

    The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related +configuration are generated using DNS information at boot. First the +installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain. If +not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead. If an +LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the +attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to +determine which LDAP base to use for NSS. If there are several +namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that +LDAP subtree is used as the base. If defaultNamingContext is missing, +the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any +object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with +such an object is used as the LDAP base. For Kerberos, a similar +search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then +for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record. I've been unable to find a way to +look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the +current DNS domain is used.

    + +

    For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched +for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is +found. This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of +Oslo. A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary +server, but have not been implemented yet. I decided to fetch and +save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a +different network does not change the set of users being allowed to +log in nor the passwords required to log in. Usernames and passwords +will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu +network, and will not change as the laptop move around. For a +non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is +supposed to stay in place it should not matter much. Perhaps we +should switch those to use sssd too?

    + +

    The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is +located when the user logs in for the first time. The LDAP server is +consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath +attribute is used if found. If it isn't found, the home directory +path fetched from NSS is used instead. Assuming the path is of the +form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in +DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form +smb://server.domain/username. This algorithm works for both Debian +edu and the University of Oslo. Perhaps there are better attributes +to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will +do for now. :)

    + +

    This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients +into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even +more flexible than before. I suspect it will also work for thin +client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a +existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this +yet.

    + +

    If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian +Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

    + +
    +
    + + + Tags: debian edu, english, nuug.
    @@ -4119,7 +4252,7 @@ it. :)

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  • August (4)
    • @@ -4178,9 +4311,9 @@ it. :)

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    • @@ -4198,7 +4331,7 @@ it. :)

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    • diff --git a/blog/tags/fiksgatami/index.html b/blog/tags/fiksgatami/index.html index 0d819db2bf..8088121201 100644 --- a/blog/tags/fiksgatami/index.html +++ b/blog/tags/fiksgatami/index.html @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ med dem. Dette blir bra.

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    • @@ -147,9 +147,9 @@ med dem. Dette blir bra.

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    • @@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ med dem. Dette blir bra.

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    • diff --git a/blog/tags/fildeling/index.html b/blog/tags/fildeling/index.html index b3fcc44b50..df6528825d 100644 --- a/blog/tags/fildeling/index.html +++ b/blog/tags/fildeling/index.html @@ -397,7 +397,7 @@ Kommer neppe til Ã¥ ta i bruk Blueray, og ei heller de nye DRM-greiene
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    • @@ -456,9 +456,9 @@ Kommer neppe til Ã¥ ta i bruk Blueray, og ei heller de nye DRM-greiene
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    • @@ -476,7 +476,7 @@ Kommer neppe til Ã¥ ta i bruk Blueray, og ei heller de nye DRM-greiene
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    • diff --git a/blog/tags/kart/index.html b/blog/tags/kart/index.html index 43d6e37ef5..8375f18b03 100644 --- a/blog/tags/kart/index.html +++ b/blog/tags/kart/index.html @@ -214,7 +214,7 @@ www.openstreetmap.org front page.

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    • @@ -273,9 +273,9 @@ www.openstreetmap.org front page.

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    • @@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ www.openstreetmap.org front page.

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    • diff --git a/blog/tags/ldap/index.html b/blog/tags/ldap/index.html index a7a7bc6bc1..cada2a8720 100644 --- a/blog/tags/ldap/index.html +++ b/blog/tags/ldap/index.html @@ -982,7 +982,7 @@ auxiliary object class.

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    • @@ -1041,9 +1041,9 @@ auxiliary object class.

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    • @@ -1061,7 +1061,7 @@ auxiliary object class.

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    • diff --git a/blog/tags/lenker/index.html b/blog/tags/lenker/index.html index 9ec6fe7d93..274d4f4d4b 100644 --- a/blog/tags/lenker/index.html +++ b/blog/tags/lenker/index.html @@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ Word 2007 hÃ¥ndterer ODF dÃ¥rlig
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    • @@ -147,9 +147,9 @@ Word 2007 hÃ¥ndterer ODF dÃ¥rlig
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    • diff --git a/blog/tags/nuug/index.html b/blog/tags/nuug/index.html index 1265416c82..50fde58a7d 100644 --- a/blog/tags/nuug/index.html +++ b/blog/tags/nuug/index.html @@ -5709,6 +5709,139 @@ it. :)

    + Tags: debian edu, english, nuug. + +
    + +
    + +
    +
    + No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients +
    +
    + 2010-08-09 20:15 +
    + +
    + +

    As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian +Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded +configuration settings on the clients. I believe the work to be +mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically +generated configuration.

    + +

    What is the point, you might ask? The point is to allow a Debian +Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure +without any manual configuration.

    + +

    This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at +the University of Oslo using PXE. With the PXE installation, I am +asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard +layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I +accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to +popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret). After answering +these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and +after around 50 minutes it is done. I press enter to finish the +installation, and the machine reboots into KDE. When the machine is +ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university +username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has +been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the +same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop. At no point during +this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the +required configuration was dynamically detected using information +fetched via DHCP and DNS. The roaming workstation is now ready for +use.

    + +

    How was this done, you might wonder? First of all, here is the +list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it +working properly out of the box:

    + +
      +
    • IP address/netmask and DNS server.
      • +
    • Web proxy URL.
      • +
    • LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).
      • +
    • Kerberos server for PAM password checking.
      • +
    • SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)
      • +
    • Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)
      • +
    • Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)
      • +
    + +

    (Hm, did I forget anything? Let me knew if I did.)

    + +

    The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the +machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system +administrators to track their machines. Since yesterday, everything +but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot +and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.

    + +

    The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual. +When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for +http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to +configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and +/etc/apt/apt.conf. I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP +hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when +it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local +proxy present on the new network when it moves around.

    + +

    The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related +configuration are generated using DNS information at boot. First the +installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain. If +not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead. If an +LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the +attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to +determine which LDAP base to use for NSS. If there are several +namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that +LDAP subtree is used as the base. If defaultNamingContext is missing, +the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any +object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with +such an object is used as the LDAP base. For Kerberos, a similar +search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then +for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record. I've been unable to find a way to +look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the +current DNS domain is used.

    + +

    For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched +for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is +found. This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of +Oslo. A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary +server, but have not been implemented yet. I decided to fetch and +save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a +different network does not change the set of users being allowed to +log in nor the passwords required to log in. Usernames and passwords +will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu +network, and will not change as the laptop move around. For a +non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is +supposed to stay in place it should not matter much. Perhaps we +should switch those to use sssd too?

    + +

    The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is +located when the user logs in for the first time. The LDAP server is +consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath +attribute is used if found. If it isn't found, the home directory +path fetched from NSS is used instead. Assuming the path is of the +form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in +DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form +smb://server.domain/username. This algorithm works for both Debian +edu and the University of Oslo. Perhaps there are better attributes +to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will +do for now. :)

    + +

    This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients +into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even +more flexible than before. I suspect it will also work for thin +client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a +existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this +yet.

    + +

    If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian +Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.

    + +
    +
    + + + Tags: debian edu, english, nuug.
    @@ -5742,7 +5875,7 @@ it. :)

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    • @@ -5821,7 +5954,7 @@ it. :)

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    • diff --git a/blog/tags/nuug/nuug.rss b/blog/tags/nuug/nuug.rss index 958f75dcfb..f9b21de10b 100644 --- a/blog/tags/nuug/nuug.rss +++ b/blog/tags/nuug/nuug.rss @@ -4517,5 +4517,125 @@ it. :)</p> + + No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html + http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html + Mon, 9 Aug 2010 20:15:00 +0200 + +<p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian +Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded +configuration settings on the clients. I believe the work to be +mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically +generated configuration.</p> + +<p>What is the point, you might ask? The point is to allow a Debian +Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure +without any manual configuration.</p> + +<p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at +the University of Oslo using PXE. With the PXE installation, I am +asked for language (Norwegian BokmÃ¥l), locality (Norway) and keyboard +layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I +accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to +popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret). After answering +these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and +after around 50 minutes it is done. I press enter to finish the +installation, and the machine reboots into KDE. When the machine is +ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university +username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has +been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the +same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop. At no point during +this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the +required configuration was dynamically detected using information +fetched via DHCP and DNS. The roaming workstation is now ready for +use.</p> + +<p>How was this done, you might wonder? First of all, here is the +list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it +working properly out of the box:</p> + +<ul> +<li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li> +<li>Web proxy URL.</li> +<li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li> +<li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li> +<li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li> +<li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li> +<li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li> +</ul> + +<p>(Hm, did I forget anything? Let me knew if I did.)</p> + +<p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the +machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system +administrators to track their machines. Since yesterday, everything +but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot +and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p> + +<p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual. +When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for +http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to +configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and +/etc/apt/apt.conf. I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP +hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when +it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local +proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p> + +<p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related +configuration are generated using DNS information at boot. First the +installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain. If +not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead. If an +LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the +attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to +determine which LDAP base to use for NSS. If there are several +namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that +LDAP subtree is used as the base. If defaultNamingContext is missing, +the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any +object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with +such an object is used as the LDAP base. For Kerberos, a similar +search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then +for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record. I've been unable to find a way to +look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the +current DNS domain is used.</p> + +<p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched +for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is +found. This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of +Oslo. A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary +server, but have not been implemented yet. I decided to fetch and +save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a +different network does not change the set of users being allowed to +log in nor the passwords required to log in. Usernames and passwords +will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu +network, and will not change as the laptop move around. For a +non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is +supposed to stay in place it should not matter much. Perhaps we +should switch those to use sssd too?</p> + +<p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is +located when the user logs in for the first time. The LDAP server is +consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath +attribute is used if found. If it isn't found, the home directory +path fetched from NSS is used instead. Assuming the path is of the +form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in +DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form +smb://server.domain/username. This algorithm works for both Debian +edu and the University of Oslo. Perhaps there are better attributes +to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will +do for now. :)</p> + +<p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients +into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even +more flexible than before. I suspect it will also work for thin +client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a +existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this +yet.</p> + +<p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian +Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p> + + + diff --git a/blog/tags/opphavsrett/index.html b/blog/tags/opphavsrett/index.html index eda6e0330e..55cd6fb2ec 100644 --- a/blog/tags/opphavsrett/index.html +++ b/blog/tags/opphavsrett/index.html @@ -777,7 +777,7 @@ Kommer neppe til Ã¥ ta i bruk Blueray, og ei heller de nye DRM-greiene
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    • diff --git a/blog/tags/personvern/index.html b/blog/tags/personvern/index.html index 67ec902a39..01911c688c 100644 --- a/blog/tags/personvern/index.html +++ b/blog/tags/personvern/index.html @@ -718,7 +718,7 @@ Kommer neppe til Ã¥ ta i bruk Blueray, og ei heller de nye DRM-greiene
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    • diff --git a/blog/tags/web/index.html b/blog/tags/web/index.html index 36a8aabd8d..9f8f929d78 100644 --- a/blog/tags/web/index.html +++ b/blog/tags/web/index.html @@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ www.openstreetmap.org front page.

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