New in the Squeeze version of +Debian Edu / Skolelinux is the +ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings +based on their environment. We want all systems on the client to use +the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from http://wpad/wpad.dat, to +allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make +sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings. The schools can +change the global proxy setting by editing +tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat and the change propagate +to all Debian Edu clients in the network.
+ +The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system. +In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a +simple one, they can run arbitrary code):
+ +
+function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
+{
+ if (!isResolvable(host) ||
+ isPlainHostName(host) ||
+ dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
+ return "DIRECT";
+ else
+ return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
+}
+to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:
+ ++ ++http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/ +ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/ +
To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute +the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that +would be used for +http://www.debian.org/, +and insert this extracted proxy URL in /etc/environment and +/etc/apt/apt.conf. The perl script wpad-extract work just +fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the +javascript code is no longer +able to build because the C library it depended on is now a C++ +library. I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy +is frozen. An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to +use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no +known alternative is known at the moment.
+ +This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka +laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop +is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to +automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD +feature when it is connected to other networks. And if no proxy is +announced, direct connections will be used instead.
+ +Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy +or security problem. But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network +could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP +and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that +distinction to be academic. If you are afraid of using the wrong +proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the +first place. In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and +ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time +the network setup changes.
+ +The WPAD system is documented in a +IETF +draft and a +Wikipedia +page for those that want to learn more. +