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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28          9th July 2013
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
  32 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
  33 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
  34 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
  35 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
  36 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
  37 Bitraf</a>.</p>
  38
  39 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
  40 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
  41 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
  42 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the even
  43 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
  44
  45       </div>
  46       <div class="tags">
  47
  48
  49         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
  50
  51
  52       </div>
  53     </div>
  54     <div class="padding"></div>
  55
  56     <div class="entry">
  57       <div class="title">
  58         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
  59       </div>
  60       <div class="date">
  61          3rd July 2013
  62       </div>
  63       <div class="body">
  64         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
  65 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
  66
  67 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
  68 2013-07-03</strong></p>
  69
  70 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
  71 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
  72
  73 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
  74
  75 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
  76 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
  77 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
  78 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
  79 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
  80 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
  81 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
  82 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
  83 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
  84 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
  85 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
  86 desktop contains
  87 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
  88 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
  89 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
  90 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
  91
  92 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
  93 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
  94 Squeeze release.</p>
  95
  96 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
  97 <ul>
  98   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
  99   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
 100     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
 101     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
 102   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
 103     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
 104     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
 105   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
 106     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
 107     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
 108     too.</li>
 109   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
 110     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
 111 </ul>
 112 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 113 <ul>
 114   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
 115   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
 116   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
 117     up for some language options.</li>
 118   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
 119   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
 120   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
 121     d-i is doing it.</li>
 122   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
 123     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
 124   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
 125     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
 126     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
 127   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
 128     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
 129   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
 130   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
 131     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
 132   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
 133     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
 134 </ul>
 135 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 136 <ul>
 137   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
 138     available yet (698840).</li>
 139   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
 140 </ul>
 141 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 142
 143 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 144 <ul>
 145   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
 146   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
 147   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
 148 </ul>
 149
 150 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
 151 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
 152
 153 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 154 <ul>
 155   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
 156   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
 157   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
 158 </ul>
 159
 160 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
 161 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
 162
 163 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 164
 165 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
 166
 167       </div>
 168       <div class="tags">
 169
 170
 171         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 172
 173
 174       </div>
 175     </div>
 176     <div class="padding"></div>
 177
 178     <div class="entry">
 179       <div class="title">
 180         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
 181       </div>
 182       <div class="date">
 183         22nd June 2013
 184       </div>
 185       <div class="body">
 186         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 187 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
 188 which check that services are running, working, and return the
 189 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
 190 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
 191 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
 192 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
 193 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
 194 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
 195
 196 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
 197 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
 198 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
 199 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
 200 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
 201 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
 202 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
 203 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
 204 working packages to get it working.  And ad the packages changed name
 205 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
 206 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
 207 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
 208 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
 209 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
 210
 211 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
 212 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
 213 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
 214 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
 215 the problem.</p>
 216
 217 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
 218 please join us on
 219 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
 220 irc.debian.org</a> and the
 221 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
 222 list.</p>
 223
 224       </div>
 225       <div class="tags">
 226
 227
 228         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 229
 230
 231       </div>
 232     </div>
 233     <div class="padding"></div>
 234
 235     <div class="entry">
 236       <div class="title">
 237         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
 238       </div>
 239       <div class="date">
 240         17th June 2013
 241       </div>
 242       <div class="body">
 243         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
 244 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
 245 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
 246 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
 247 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
 248 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
 249 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
 250 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
 251
 252 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 253
 254 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
 255 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
 256 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
 257 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
 258 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
 259 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
 260 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
 261 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
 262 field.</p>
 263
 264 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
 265 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
 266 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
 267 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
 268 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
 269 the only one we have in our country.</p>
 270
 271 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 272 project?</strong></p>
 273
 274 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
 275 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
 276 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
 277 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
 278 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
 279 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
 280 ways to contribute.</p>
 281
 282 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
 283 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
 284 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
 285 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
 286 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
 287 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
 288 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
 289 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
 290 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
 291 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
 292
 293 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
 294 Edu?</strong></p>
 295
 296 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
 297 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
 298 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
 299 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
 300 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
 301 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
 302 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
 303 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
 304
 305 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
 306 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
 307 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
 308 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
 309 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
 310 project.</p>
 311
 312 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 313 Edu?</strong></p>
 314
 315 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
 316 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
 317 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
 318 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
 319 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
 320 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
 321 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
 322 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
 323 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
 324
 325 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
 326 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
 327 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
 328 on.</p>
 329
 330 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 331
 332 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
 333 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
 334 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
 335 Enlightenment project a lot!),
 336 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
 337 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
 338 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
 339 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
 340 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
 341
 342 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 343 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 344
 345 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
 346 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
 347 that:</p>
 348
 349 <ul>
 350
 351 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
 352
 353 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
 354     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
 355     of teenagers more?</li>
 356
 357 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
 358     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
 359     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
 360     them!)</li>
 361
 362 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
 363     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
 364     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
 365
 366 </ul>
 367
 368 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
 369 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
 370 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
 371 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
 372 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
 373
 374       </div>
 375       <div class="tags">
 376
 377
 378         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 379
 380
 381       </div>
 382     </div>
 383     <div class="padding"></div>
 384
 385     <div class="entry">
 386       <div class="title">
 387         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
 388       </div>
 389       <div class="date">
 390         12th June 2013
 391       </div>
 392       <div class="body">
 393         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
 394 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 395 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
 396 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
 397 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
 398 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
 399
 400 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 401
 402 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
 403 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
 404 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
 405
 406 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
 407 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
 408 each other.</p>
 409
 410 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 411 project?</strong></p>
 412
 413 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
 414 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
 415 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
 416 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
 417 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
 418 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
 419 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
 420 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
 421 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
 422 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
 423 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
 424 we'll get there one day.</p>
 425
 426 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 427 Edu?</strong></p>
 428
 429 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
 430 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
 431 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
 432 very high quality work.</p>
 433
 434 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
 435 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
 436 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
 437 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
 438 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
 439
 440 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 441 Edu?</strong></p>
 442
 443 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
 444 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
 445 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
 446
 447 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
 448 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
 449 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
 450 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
 451 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
 452 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
 453 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
 454 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
 455 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
 456 currently.</p>
 457
 458 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
 459 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
 460 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
 461 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
 462 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
 463 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
 464 autonomous.</p>
 465
 466 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 467
 468 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
 469 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
 470 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
 471 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
 472 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
 473
 474 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
 475 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
 476 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
 477 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
 478 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
 479 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
 480 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
 481 X.</p>
 482
 483 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
 484 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
 485 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
 486 it :p)
 487
 488 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 489 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 490
 491 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
 492 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
 493 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
 494 that.</p>
 495
 496 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
 497 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
 498 advantage of that.</p>
 499
 500 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
 501 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
 502 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
 503 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
 504 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
 505 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
 506 best solution for them.</p>
 507
 508 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
 509 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
 510 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
 511
 512       </div>
 513       <div class="tags">
 514
 515
 516         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 517
 518
 519       </div>
 520     </div>
 521     <div class="padding"></div>
 522
 523     <div class="entry">
 524       <div class="title">
 525         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
 526       </div>
 527       <div class="date">
 528         10th June 2013
 529       </div>
 530       <div class="body">
 531         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 532 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 533
 534 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
 535 2013-06-10</strong></p>
 536
 537 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
 538 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 539
 540 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 541
 542 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 543 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 544 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 545 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 546 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 547 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 548 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 549 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 550 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 551 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 552 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 553 desktop contains
 554 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 555 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 556 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 557 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 558
 559 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 560 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 561 Squeeze release.</p>
 562
 563 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 564
 565 <ul>
 566
 567 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
 568 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
 569 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
 570 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
 571 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
 572
 573 </ul>
 574
 575 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 576
 577 <ul>
 578
 579 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
 580 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
 581 <li>New Romanian translation.
 582 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
 583 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
 584 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
 585 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
 586 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
 587 <li>More testsuite tests.
 588 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
 589 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
 590
 591 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
 592 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
 593
 594 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
 595 them up with GOsa².</li>
 596
 597 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
 598
 599 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
 600 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
 601 entered password). </li>
 602
 603 </ul>
 604
 605 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 606
 607 <ul>
 608
 609 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
 610
 611 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
 612 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
 613 missing import feature).</li>
 614
 615 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
 616
 617 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
 618 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
 619 unfixed.</li>
 620
 621 </ul>
 622
 623 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 624
 625 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 626
 627 <ul>
 628
 629 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
 630
 631 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
 632
 633 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
 634
 635 </ul>
 636
 637 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
 638 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
 639
 640 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 641
 642 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 643
 644       </div>
 645       <div class="tags">
 646
 647
 648         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 649
 650
 651       </div>
 652     </div>
 653     <div class="padding"></div>
 654
 655     <div class="entry">
 656       <div class="title">
 657         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
 658       </div>
 659       <div class="date">
 660          5th June 2013
 661       </div>
 662       <div class="body">
 663         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
 664 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
 665 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
 666 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
 667 the project:
 668
 669 <ol>
 670
 671 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
 672   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
 673   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
 674   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
 675   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
 676
 677 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
 678   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
 679   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
 680   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
 681   #698840</a>.</li>
 682
 683 </ol>
 684
 685 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
 686 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
 687 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
 688
 689       </div>
 690       <div class="tags">
 691
 692
 693         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 694
 695
 696       </div>
 697     </div>
 698     <div class="padding"></div>
 699
 700     <div class="entry">
 701       <div class="title">
 702         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
 703       </div>
 704       <div class="date">
 705          4th June 2013
 706       </div>
 707       <div class="body">
 708         <p>It has been a while since my last English
 709 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
 710 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
 711 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
 712 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
 713 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
 714
 715 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 716
 717 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
 718 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
 719 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
 720 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
 721
 722 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
 723 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
 724 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
 725
 726 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 727 project?</strong></p>
 728
 729 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
 730 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
 731 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
 732 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
 733 manual.
 734
 735 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
 736 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
 737 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
 738 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
 739
 740 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
 741 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
 742 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
 743 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
 744 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
 745 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
 746 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
 747 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
 748 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
 749 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
 750
 751 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
 752 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
 753 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
 754 beautiful project.</p>
 755
 756 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 757 Edu?</strong></p>
 758
 759 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
 760 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
 761 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
 762
 763 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
 764 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
 765 of educational free software.</p>
 766
 767 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 768 Edu?</strong></p>
 769
 770 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
 771 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
 772 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
 773 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
 774 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
 775
 776 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
 777 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
 778 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
 779 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
 780 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
 781 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
 782 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
 783 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
 784
 785 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 786
 787 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
 788 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
 789 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
 790 also using the mathematical software
 791 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
 792 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
 793 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
 794
 795 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
 796 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
 797 statistics?</strong></p>
 798
 799 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
 800 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
 801 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
 802 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
 803
 804 <ul>
 805
 806 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
 807 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
 808 constructions in planar geometry
 809
 810 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
 811 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
 812 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
 813
 814 </ul>
 815
 816 <p>I like also
 817 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
 818 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
 819 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
 820
 821 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 822 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 823
 824 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
 825
 826 <ul>
 827
 828 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
 829
 830 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
 831     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
 832     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
 833
 834 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
 835
 836 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
 837     system.</li>
 838
 839 </ul>
 840
 841       </div>
 842       <div class="tags">
 843
 844
 845         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 846
 847
 848       </div>
 849     </div>
 850     <div class="padding"></div>
 851
 852     <div class="entry">
 853       <div class="title">
 854         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
 855       </div>
 856       <div class="date">
 857          1st June 2013
 858       </div>
 859       <div class="body">
 860         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 861 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
 862 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
 863 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
 864 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
 865 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
 866 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
 867 program.</p>
 868
 869 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
 870
 871 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
 872 <p>
 873 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
 874 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
 875 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
 876 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
 877 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
 878 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
 879 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
 880 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
 881 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
 882 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
 883 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
 884 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
 885 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
 886 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
 887 </p>
 888
 889 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
 890 <p>
 891 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
 892 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
 893 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
 894 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
 895 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
 896 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
 897 </p>
 898
 899 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
 900 <p>
 901 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
 902 </p>
 903
 904 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
 905 <p>
 906 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
 907 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
 908 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
 909 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
 910 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
 911 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
 912 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
 913 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
 914 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
 915 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
 916 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
 917 </p>
 918
 919 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
 920 <p>
 921 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
 922 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
 923 </p>
 924
 925 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
 926 <p>
 927 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
 928 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
 929 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
 930 </p>
 931
 932 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
 933 <p>
 934 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
 935 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
 936 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
 937 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
 938 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
 939 </p>
 940
 941 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
 942 <p>
 943 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
 944 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
 945 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
 946 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
 947 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
 948 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
 949 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
 950 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
 951 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
 952 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
 953 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
 954 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
 955 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
 956 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
 957 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
 958 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
 959 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
 960 </p>
 961
 962 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
 963 <p>
 964 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
 965 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
 966 </p>
 967
 968 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
 969 <p>
 970 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
 971 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
 972 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
 973 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
 974 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
 975 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
 976 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
 977 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
 978 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
 979 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
 980 </p>
 981
 982 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
 983 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
 984 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
 985 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
 986 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
 987 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
 988 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
 989
 990       </div>
 991       <div class="tags">
 992
 993
 994         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 995
 996
 997       </div>
 998     </div>
 999     <div class="padding"></div>
1000
1001     <div class="entry">
1002       <div class="title">
1003         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
1004       </div>
1005       <div class="date">
1006         24th May 2013
1007       </div>
1008       <div class="body">
1009         <p>En ting
1010 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
1011 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
1012 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
1013 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
1014 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
1015 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
1016 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
1017 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
1018 om et intervju.</p>
1019
1020 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
1021
1022 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
1023 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
1024 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
1025 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
1026 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
1027 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
1028 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
1029 av store systemer.</p>
1030
1031 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
1032
1033 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
1034 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
1035 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
1036 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
1037 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
1038 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
1039 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
1040 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
1041 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
1042 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
1043 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
1044 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
1045 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
1046 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
1047 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
1048 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
1049 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
1050 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
1051 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
1052 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
1053 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
1054 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
1055 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
1056 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
1057 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
1058 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
1059 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
1060 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
1061 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
1062 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
1063
1064 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
1065 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
1066 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
1067 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
1068 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
1069
1070 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
1071 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
1072 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
1073 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
1074 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
1075 dette.</p>
1076
1077 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
1078
1079 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
1080 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
1081 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
1082 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
1083 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
1084 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
1085 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
1086 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
1087 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
1088 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
1089
1090 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
1091
1092 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
1093 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
1094 like stor grad som for eksempel
1095 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
1096 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
1097 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
1098 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
1099 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
1100
1101 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
1102
1103 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
1104 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
1105 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
1106 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
1107 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
1108 scripts.</p>
1109
1110 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
1111 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
1112
1113 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
1114 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
1115 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
1116 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
1117 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
1118 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
1119 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
1120 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
1121 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
1122 betraktelig.</p>
1123
1124       </div>
1125       <div class="tags">
1126
1127
1128         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
1129
1130
1131       </div>
1132     </div>
1133     <div class="padding"></div>
1134
1135     <div class="entry">
1136       <div class="title">
1137         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
1138       </div>
1139       <div class="date">
1140         17th May 2013
1141       </div>
1142       <div class="body">
1143         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
1144 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
1145 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
1146 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
1147 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
1148 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
1149 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
1150 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
1151 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
1152 donate some money</a>.
1153
1154 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
1155 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
1156 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
1157 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
1158 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
1159
1160 <p>The script,
1161 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
1162 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
1163 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
1164 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
1165
1166 <ol>
1167
1168 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
1169 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
1170 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
1171     our configuration.</li>
1172 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
1173     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
1174     according to the profile specified in the config above,
1175     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
1176 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
1177     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
1178 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
1179
1180 </ol>
1181
1182 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
1183 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
1184 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
1185 the needed packages.</p>
1186
1187 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
1188 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
1189 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
1190 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
1191 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
1192 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
1193
1194 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
1195 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
1196 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
1197
1198 <p><pre>
1199 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
1200 DESKTOP="lxde"
1201 </pre></p>
1202
1203 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
1204 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
1205 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
1206 boot.</p>
1207
1208       </div>
1209       <div class="tags">
1210
1211
1212         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1213
1214
1215       </div>
1216     </div>
1217     <div class="padding"></div>
1218
1219     <div class="entry">
1220       <div class="title">
1221         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1222       </div>
1223       <div class="date">
1224         14th May 2013
1225       </div>
1226       <div class="body">
1227         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1228 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
1229 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1230
1231 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
1232 2013-05-14</strong></p>
1233
1234 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
1235 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
1236 codename "Wheezy".</p>
1237
1238 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1239
1240 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
1241 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
1242 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
1243 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
1244 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
1245 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
1246 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
1247 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
1248
1249 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
1250 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
1251 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
1252
1253 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1254 <ul>
1255   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
1256     default.</li>
1257   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
1258   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
1259   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
1260     ibus-anthy.</li>
1261 </ul>
1262
1263 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1264 <ul>
1265
1266   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
1267     reliability improvements.</li>
1268   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
1269     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
1270   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
1271     problems.</li>
1272   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
1273     direct:// URL.</li>
1274   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
1275   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
1276   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
1277   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
1278     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
1279   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
1280     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
1281 </ul>
1282
1283 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1284 <ul>
1285
1286   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
1287     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
1288     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
1289   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
1290   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
1291     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
1292   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
1293   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
1294   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
1295     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
1296   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
1297     password submission problem
1298     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
1299
1300 </ul>
1301
1302 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1303
1304 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1305 <ul>
1306
1307   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
1308   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
1309   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
1310
1311 </ul>
1312
1313 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
1314
1315 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
1316
1317 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1318
1319 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1320
1321       </div>
1322       <div class="tags">
1323
1324
1325         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1326
1327
1328       </div>
1329     </div>
1330     <div class="padding"></div>
1331
1332     <div class="entry">
1333       <div class="title">
1334         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
1335       </div>
1336       <div class="date">
1337         10th May 2013
1338       </div>
1339       <div class="body">
1340         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
1341 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
1342 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
1343 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
1344 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
1345 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
1346 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
1347 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
1348 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
1349 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
1350 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
1351 der jeg fant notatet som
1352 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
1353 2013/1023</a>.</p>
1354
1355 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
1356 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
1357 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
1358 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
1359 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
1360
1361       </div>
1362       <div class="tags">
1363
1364
1365         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
1366
1367
1368       </div>
1369     </div>
1370     <div class="padding"></div>
1371
1372     <div class="entry">
1373       <div class="title">
1374         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
1375       </div>
1376       <div class="date">
1377          5th May 2013
1378       </div>
1379       <div class="body">
1380         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
1381 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
1382 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
1383 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
1384 soon.</p>
1385
1386 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
1387 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
1388 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
1389 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
1390 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
1391 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
1392 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
1393 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
1394 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
1395 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
1396 Edu.</a>
1397
1398 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
1399 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
1400 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
1401 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
1402 follow.<p>
1403
1404       </div>
1405       <div class="tags">
1406
1407
1408         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1409
1410
1411       </div>
1412     </div>
1413     <div class="padding"></div>
1414
1415     <div class="entry">
1416       <div class="title">
1417         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1418       </div>
1419       <div class="date">
1420         26th April 2013
1421       </div>
1422       <div class="body">
1423         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
1424 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
1425 announcement:</p>
1426
1427 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
1428 2013-04-26</strong></p>
1429
1430 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
1431 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1432
1433 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1434
1435 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1436 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1437 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1438 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
1439 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1440 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1441 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1442 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1443 installed via the network.</p>
1444
1445 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
1446 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
1447 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
1448
1449 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1450
1451 <ul>
1452 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
1453   <ul>
1454      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
1455      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
1456          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
1457          manual.)</li>
1458      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
1459      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
1460      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
1461      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
1462      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
1463      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
1464      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
1465      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
1466      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
1467      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
1468      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
1469      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
1470          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
1471          manual</a> for more details.</li>
1472      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
1473          installation.</li>
1474      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
1475          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
1476   </ul></li>
1477 </ul>
1478
1479 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
1480 <ul>
1481 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
1482     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
1483     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
1484 </ul>
1485
1486 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
1487 <ul>
1488 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
1489     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
1490     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
1491 </ul>
1492
1493 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1494 <ul>
1495 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
1496     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
1497     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
1498 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
1499     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
1500     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
1501 </ul>
1502
1503 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
1504 <ul>
1505 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
1506     yet.</li>
1507 </ul>
1508
1509 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
1510
1511 <ul>
1512 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
1513     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
1514     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
1515 </ul>
1516
1517 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1518
1519 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
1520 <ul>
1521 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
1522 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
1523 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
1524 </ul>
1525
1526 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
1527
1528 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
1529
1530 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1531
1532 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1533
1534       </div>
1535       <div class="tags">
1536
1537
1538         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1539
1540
1541       </div>
1542     </div>
1543     <div class="padding"></div>
1544
1545     <div class="entry">
1546       <div class="title">
1547         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
1548       </div>
1549       <div class="date">
1550         16th April 2013
1551       </div>
1552       <div class="body">
1553         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
1554 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
1555 Details about the gathering can be found
1556 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
1557 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
1558 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
1559 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
1560 weekend.</p>
1561
1562 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
1563 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
1564 Edu release.</p>
1565
1566 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
1567
1568       </div>
1569       <div class="tags">
1570
1571
1572         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1573
1574
1575       </div>
1576     </div>
1577     <div class="padding"></div>
1578
1579     <div class="entry">
1580       <div class="title">
1581         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
1582       </div>
1583       <div class="date">
1584         17th March 2013
1585       </div>
1586       <div class="body">
1587         <p>Via
1588 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
1589 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
1590 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
1591 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
1592 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
1593 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
1594 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
1595
1596 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
1597 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
1598
1599 <blockquote>
1600 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
1601 </blockquote>
1602
1603 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
1604
1605 <blockquote>
1606 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
1607 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
1608 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
1609 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
1610 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
1611 </blockquote>
1612
1613 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
1614 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
1615 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
1616 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
1617
1618 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
1619 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
1620
1621 <blockquote>
1622 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
1623 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
1624 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
1625 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
1626 </blockquote>
1627
1628 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
1629 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
1630 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
1631 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
1632 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
1633
1634 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
1635 embedding:</p>
1636
1637 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
1638
1639       </div>
1640       <div class="tags">
1641
1642
1643         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
1644
1645
1646       </div>
1647     </div>
1648     <div class="padding"></div>
1649
1650     <div class="entry">
1651       <div class="title">
1652         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
1653       </div>
1654       <div class="date">
1655          8th March 2013
1656       </div>
1657       <div class="body">
1658         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
1659 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
1660 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
1661 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
1662 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
1663 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
1664 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
1665
1666 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
1667
1668 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
1669 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
1670
1671 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
1672 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
1673 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
1674 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
1675 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
1676 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
1677
1678 <p>Images are available for download at
1679 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
1680
1681 <p>md5sums:
1682 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
1683 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
1684 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
1685
1686 <p>sha1sums:
1687 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
1688 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
1689 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
1690
1691 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
1692
1693 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
1694 2013-03-03:</p>
1695
1696 <ul>
1697   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
1698   <ul>
1699         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
1700         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
1701   </ul></li>
1702   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
1703   <ul>
1704         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
1705         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
1706   </ul></li>
1707   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
1708      <ul>
1709         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
1710         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
1711         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
1712                 Closes: #664596</li>
1713         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
1714                 Closes: #664976</li>
1715         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
1716            <ul>
1717                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
1718                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
1719            </ul></li>
1720         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
1721            <ul>
1722                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
1723                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
1724                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
1725                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
1726                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
1727            </ul></li>
1728         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
1729     </ul>
1730   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
1731     <ul>
1732         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
1733     </ul></li>
1734 </ul>
1735
1736 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
1737 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
1738 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
1739 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
1740
1741 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
1742 mailinglist
1743 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
1744 </p></blockquote>
1745
1746 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
1747
1748       </div>
1749       <div class="tags">
1750
1751
1752         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1753
1754
1755       </div>
1756     </div>
1757     <div class="padding"></div>
1758
1759     <div class="entry">
1760       <div class="title">
1761         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
1762       </div>
1763       <div class="date">
1764         22nd February 2013
1765       </div>
1766       <div class="body">
1767         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
1768 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
1769 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
1770 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
1771 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
1772
1773 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
1774
1775 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
1776 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
1777 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
1778 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
1779 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
1780 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
1781 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
1782 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
1783 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
1784 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
1785 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
1786 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
1787 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
1788
1789 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
1790
1791 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
1792 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
1793 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
1794 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
1795
1796 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
1797
1798 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
1799 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
1800 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
1801 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
1802 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
1803 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
1804 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
1805 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
1806
1807 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
1808
1809 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
1810 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
1811 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
1812 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
1813 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
1814 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
1815 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
1816
1817 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
1818
1819 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
1820 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
1821 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
1822
1823 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
1824 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
1825
1826 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
1827 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
1828 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
1829 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
1830 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
1831 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
1832 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
1833 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
1834 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
1835 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
1836 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
1837 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
1838 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
1839 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
1840 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
1841
1842 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
1843 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
1844 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
1845
1846       </div>
1847       <div class="tags">
1848
1849
1850         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
1851
1852
1853       </div>
1854     </div>
1855     <div class="padding"></div>
1856
1857     <div class="entry">
1858       <div class="title">
1859         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
1860       </div>
1861       <div class="date">
1862         28th December 2012
1863       </div>
1864       <div class="body">
1865         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
1866 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
1867 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
1868 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
1869 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
1870 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
1871 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
1872 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
1873 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
1874 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
1875 followed by many others. :)</p>
1876
1877 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
1878 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
1879 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
1880 you want to donate to the project.</p>
1881
1882       </div>
1883       <div class="tags">
1884
1885
1886         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1887
1888
1889       </div>
1890     </div>
1891     <div class="padding"></div>
1892
1893     <div class="entry">
1894       <div class="title">
1895         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
1896       </div>
1897       <div class="date">
1898         18th December 2012
1899       </div>
1900       <div class="body">
1901         <p>A few days ago I came across
1902 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
1903 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
1904 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
1905 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
1906 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
1907 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
1908 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
1909 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
1910 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
1911
1912 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
1913 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
1914 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
1915 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
1916
1917 <blockquote><pre>
1918 2004-05-27 Book Store
1919       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
1920       Liabilities:Visa
1921 </pre></blockquote>
1922
1923 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
1924 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
1925 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
1926 Spang</a>,
1927 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
1928 Keen</a>,
1929 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
1930 Cantino</a> and
1931 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
1932 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
1933 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
1934 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
1935 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
1936
1937 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
1938 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
1939 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
1940 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
1941 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
1942
1943 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
1944 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
1945 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
1946 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
1947 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
1948 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
1949 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
1950 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
1951 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
1952
1953       </div>
1954       <div class="tags">
1955
1956
1957         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
1958
1959
1960       </div>
1961     </div>
1962     <div class="padding"></div>
1963
1964     <div class="entry">
1965       <div class="title">
1966         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
1967       </div>
1968       <div class="date">
1969         14th November 2012
1970       </div>
1971       <div class="body">
1972         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
1973 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
1974 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
1975 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
1976 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
1977 the people behind the German
1978 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
1979 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
1980 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
1981
1982 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1983
1984 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
1985 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
1986 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
1987
1988 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
1989 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
1990 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
1991 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
1992 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
1993 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
1994
1995 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
1996 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
1997 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
1998 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
1999 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
2000 relationship management and the communication processes in the
2001 project.</p>
2002
2003 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
2004 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
2005 and a yoga teacher.</p>
2006
2007 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2008 project?</strong></p>
2009
2010 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
2011
2012 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
2013 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
2014 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
2015 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
2016 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
2017 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
2018 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
2019 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
2020 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
2021 parents.</p>
2022
2023 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
2024 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
2025 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
2026 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
2027 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
2028 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
2029 Germany.</p>
2030
2031 <p>For information about our school project you can read
2032 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
2033 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
2034
2035 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2036 Edu?</strong></p>
2037
2038 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
2039 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
2040
2041 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
2042 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
2043 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
2044 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
2045 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
2046 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
2047 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
2048 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
2049 teachers, parents...</p>
2050
2051 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2052 Edu?</strong></p>
2053
2054 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
2055 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
2056
2057 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
2058 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
2059 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
2060 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
2061 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
2062
2063 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
2064 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
2065 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
2066 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
2067 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
2068 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
2069 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
2070
2071 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2072
2073 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
2074 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
2075 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
2076 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
2077
2078 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2079 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2080
2081 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
2082 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
2083 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
2084 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
2085 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
2086
2087 <ul>
2088
2089 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
2090 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
2091 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
2092
2093 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
2094 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
2095 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
2096 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
2097 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
2098 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
2099 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
2100
2101 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
2102 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
2103 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
2104 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
2105
2106 </ul>
2107
2108       </div>
2109       <div class="tags">
2110
2111
2112         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2113
2114
2115       </div>
2116     </div>
2117     <div class="padding"></div>
2118
2119     <div class="entry">
2120       <div class="title">
2121         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
2122       </div>
2123       <div class="date">
2124         14th October 2012
2125       </div>
2126       <div class="body">
2127         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
2128 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
2129 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
2130 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
2131 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
2132
2133 <blockquote>
2134 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
2135 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
2136
2137 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
2138
2139 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
2140 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
2141 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
2142 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
2143 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
2144 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
2145 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
2146
2147 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
2148 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
2149 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
2150 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
2151 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
2152 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
2153 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
2154 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
2155 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
2156
2157 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
2158 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
2159 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
2160 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
2161 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
2162 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
2163 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
2164 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
2165
2166 <p>Vennlig hilsen
2167 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
2168 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
2169
2170 <p>Referanser:</p>
2171
2172 <ul>
2173
2174 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
2175 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
2176
2177 </ul>
2178
2179 </blockquote>
2180
2181 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
2182 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
2183
2184       </div>
2185       <div class="tags">
2186
2187
2188         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2189
2190
2191       </div>
2192     </div>
2193     <div class="padding"></div>
2194
2195     <div class="entry">
2196       <div class="title">
2197         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
2198       </div>
2199       <div class="date">
2200         13th October 2012
2201       </div>
2202       <div class="body">
2203         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
2204 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
2205 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
2206 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
2207 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
2208 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
2209
2210 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
2211 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
2212 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
2213 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
2214 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
2215 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
2216 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
2217 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
2218
2219 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
2220 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
2221
2222 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
2223 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
2224 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
2225 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
2226 krav!</p>
2227
2228       </div>
2229       <div class="tags">
2230
2231
2232         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
2233
2234
2235       </div>
2236     </div>
2237     <div class="padding"></div>
2238
2239     <div class="entry">
2240       <div class="title">
2241         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
2242       </div>
2243       <div class="date">
2244          2nd October 2012
2245       </div>
2246       <div class="body">
2247         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
2248 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
2249 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
2250 det vi sendte ut:</p>
2251
2252 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
2253
2254 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
2255 synonymordliste</strong></p>
2256
2257 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
2258 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
2259 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
2260
2261 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
2262 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
2263 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
2264 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
2265 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
2266 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
2267 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
2268
2269 <p><blockquote>
2270  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
2271    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
2272    Petter Reinholdtsen.
2273 </blockquote></p>
2274
2275 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
2276 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
2277 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
2278 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
2279
2280 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
2281 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
2282 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
2283 BSD.</p>
2284
2285 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
2286 fra prosjektsidene på
2287 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
2288 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
2289
2290 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
2291 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
2292 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
2293 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
2294 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
2295 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
2296
2297 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
2298 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
2299 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
2300 også svært velkomne.</p>
2301
2302 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
2303
2304 <p><blockquote>
2305 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
2306 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
2307 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
2308 </blockquote></p>
2309
2310 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
2311
2312 <ul>
2313
2314 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
2315     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
2316 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
2317     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
2318 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
2319     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
2320 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
2321     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
2322     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
2323 </ul>
2324
2325 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
2326
2327 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
2328
2329 <ul>
2330
2331 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
2332     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
2333 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
2334     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
2335 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
2336     control where to install these.</li>
2337 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
2338     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
2339 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
2340     updated script.</li>
2341 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
2342 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
2343     allowing words like e-post.</li>
2344 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
2345     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
2346 </ul>
2347
2348       </div>
2349       <div class="tags">
2350
2351
2352         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
2353
2354
2355       </div>
2356     </div>
2357     <div class="padding"></div>
2358
2359     <div class="entry">
2360       <div class="title">
2361         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
2362       </div>
2363       <div class="date">
2364         17th September 2012
2365       </div>
2366       <div class="body">
2367         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
2368 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2369 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
2370 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
2371 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
2372 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
2373 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
2374
2375 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2376
2377 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
2378 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
2379 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
2380 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
2381 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
2382 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
2383 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
2384 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
2385 training is anyway very important</p>
2386
2387 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
2388 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
2389 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
2390 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
2391 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
2392
2393 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
2394 project?</strong></p>
2395
2396 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
2397 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
2398 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
2399 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
2400 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
2401 hole.</p>
2402
2403 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2404 Edu?</strong></p>
2405
2406 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
2407 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
2408 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
2409 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
2410 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
2411 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
2412 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
2413 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
2414 hassle.</p>
2415
2416 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2417 Edu?</strong></p>
2418
2419 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
2420 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
2421 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
2422 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
2423 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
2424 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
2425 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
2426 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
2427
2428 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2429
2430 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
2431 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
2432 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
2433 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
2434 has the same...</p>
2435
2436 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
2437 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
2438 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
2439 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
2440
2441 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2442 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2443
2444 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
2445 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
2446 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
2447
2448 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
2449 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
2450 don't.</p>
2451
2452 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
2453 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
2454 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
2455 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
2456 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
2457 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
2458 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
2459
2460       </div>
2461       <div class="tags">
2462
2463
2464         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2465
2466
2467       </div>
2468     </div>
2469     <div class="padding"></div>
2470
2471     <div class="entry">
2472       <div class="title">
2473         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
2474       </div>
2475       <div class="date">
2476         15th August 2012
2477       </div>
2478       <div class="body">
2479         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
2480 et flott oppslag om bruken av
2481 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
2482 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
2483 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
2484 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
2485 vært vellykket.</p>
2486
2487 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
2488 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
2489 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
2490 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
2491
2492 <blockquote>
2493 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
2494   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
2495   Fedreheim."
2496 </blockquote>
2497
2498 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
2499 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
2500 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
2501
2502 <blockquote>
2503
2504 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
2505 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
2506 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
2507 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
2508 i nord."
2509
2510 </blockquote>
2511
2512 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
2513
2514 <blockquote>
2515 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
2516   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
2517   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
2518   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
2519 </blockquote>
2520
2521 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
2522 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
2523 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
2524 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
2525 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
2526 via
2527 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
2528
2529 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
2530 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
2531 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
2532 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
2533
2534       </div>
2535       <div class="tags">
2536
2537
2538         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2539
2540
2541       </div>
2542     </div>
2543     <div class="padding"></div>
2544
2545     <div class="entry">
2546       <div class="title">
2547         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
2548       </div>
2549       <div class="date">
2550         19th July 2012
2551       </div>
2552       <div class="body">
2553         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
2554 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
2555 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
2556 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
2557
2558 <p><blockquote>
2559 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
2560 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
2561 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
2562 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
2563 medlemsforeningen
2564 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
2565 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
2566 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
2567 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
2568 epostlisten
2569 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
2570 (og debian-edu-announce) og
2571 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
2572 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
2573 planlegges
2574 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
2575 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
2576
2577 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
2578 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
2579
2580 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
2581 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
2582 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
2583 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
2584 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
2585
2586 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
2587 å finne...</p>
2588 </blockquote></p>
2589 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
2590
2591       </div>
2592       <div class="tags">
2593
2594
2595         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2596
2597
2598       </div>
2599     </div>
2600     <div class="padding"></div>
2601
2602     <div class="entry">
2603       <div class="title">
2604         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
2605       </div>
2606       <div class="date">
2607          9th July 2012
2608       </div>
2609       <div class="body">
2610         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2611 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
2612 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
2613 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
2614 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
2615 to adjust and scale the just released
2616 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
2617 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
2618 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
2619
2620 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2621
2622 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
2623 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
2624 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
2625 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
2626 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
2627 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
2628 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
2629 perspective when working with IT.</p>
2630
2631 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
2632 project?</strong></p>
2633
2634 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
2635 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
2636 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
2637 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
2638 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
2639 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
2640
2641 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2642 Edu?</strong></p>
2643
2644 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
2645 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
2646 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
2647 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
2648 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
2649 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
2650 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
2651 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
2652 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
2653 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
2654 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
2655 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
2656 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
2657 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
2658 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
2659 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
2660 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
2661 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
2662 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
2663 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
2664 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
2665 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
2666 quicker to update.
2667
2668 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2669 Edu?</strong></p>
2670
2671 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
2672 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
2673 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
2674 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
2675 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
2676 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
2677
2678 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
2679 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
2680 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
2681 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
2682 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
2683 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
2684 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
2685 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
2686 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
2687 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
2688 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
2689 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
2690 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
2691 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
2692 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
2693
2694 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
2695 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
2696 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
2697 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
2698 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
2699 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
2700 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
2701 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
2702
2703 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
2704 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
2705 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
2706 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
2707 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
2708 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
2709 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
2710 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
2711 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
2712 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
2713 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
2714 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
2715 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
2716 sound file.</p>
2717
2718 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
2719 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
2720 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
2721 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
2722 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
2723 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
2724 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
2725 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
2726 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
2727
2728 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2729
2730 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
2731 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
2732 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
2733 )</p>
2734
2735 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2736 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2737
2738 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
2739 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
2740 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
2741 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
2742 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
2743 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
2744 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
2745 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
2746 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
2747 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
2748 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
2749 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
2750 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
2751 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
2752 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
2753
2754 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
2755 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
2756 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
2757 management with Airtime</a>,
2758 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
2759 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
2760 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
2761 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
2762 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
2763
2764       </div>
2765       <div class="tags">
2766
2767
2768         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2769
2770
2771       </div>
2772     </div>
2773     <div class="padding"></div>
2774
2775     <div class="entry">
2776       <div class="title">
2777         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
2778       </div>
2779       <div class="date">
2780          8th July 2012
2781       </div>
2782       <div class="body">
2783         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
2784 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
2785 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
2786 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
2787 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
2788 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
2789 Steinberg in his blog post
2790 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
2791 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
2792 spending of your tax money.</p>
2793
2794 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
2795 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
2796 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
2797 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
2798 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
2799 purchases.</p>
2800
2801       </div>
2802       <div class="tags">
2803
2804
2805         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2806
2807
2808       </div>
2809     </div>
2810     <div class="padding"></div>
2811
2812     <div class="entry">
2813       <div class="title">
2814         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
2815       </div>
2816       <div class="date">
2817          7th July 2012
2818       </div>
2819       <div class="body">
2820         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2821 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
2822 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
2823 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
2824 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
2825 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
2826 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
2827 receive.  The software is
2828
2829 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
2830 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
2831 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
2832 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
2833 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
2834 Windows</a>.</p>
2835
2836 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
2837 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
2838
2839 <p><ul>
2840
2841   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
2842     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
2843
2844   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
2845     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
2846     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
2847     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
2848     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
2849     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
2850     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
2851     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
2852     </li>
2853
2854   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
2855     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
2856
2857   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
2858     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
2859
2860   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
2861     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
2862
2863   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
2864
2865   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
2866     formats </li>
2867
2868   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
2869     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
2870     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
2871     (as separate sets)</li>
2872
2873   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
2874     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
2875     percentage)</li>
2876
2877   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
2878     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
2879     memory):
2880     <ul>
2881       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
2882       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
2883       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
2884       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
2885       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
2886       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
2887       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
2888       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
2889       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
2890       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
2891           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
2892           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
2893           activity)</li>
2894       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
2895       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
2896     </ul></li>
2897
2898   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
2899     <ul>
2900       <li>Break periods</li>
2901       <li>For teacher(s):
2902         <ul>
2903           <li>Not available periods</li>
2904           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
2905           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
2906           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
2907           <li>Min hours daily</li>
2908           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
2909
2910           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
2911             days per week</li>
2912         </ul></li>
2913       <li>For students (sets):
2914         <ul>
2915           <li>Not available periods</li>
2916           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
2917           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
2918           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
2919           <li>Min hours daily</li>
2920           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
2921
2922           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
2923             days per week</li>
2924         </ul></li>
2925       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
2926         <ul>
2927           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
2928           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
2929           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
2930           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
2931           <li>End(s) students day</li>
2932           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
2933           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
2934             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
2935           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
2936           <li>Not overlapping</li>
2937           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
2938           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
2939         </ul></li>
2940     </ul></li>
2941
2942   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
2943     <ul>
2944       <li>Room not available periods</li>
2945       <li>For teacher(s):
2946         <ul>
2947           <li>Home room(s)</li>
2948           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
2949           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
2950         </ul>
2951       </li>
2952
2953       <li>For students (sets):
2954         <ul>
2955           <li>Home room(s)</li>
2956           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
2957           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
2958         </ul>
2959       </li>
2960       <li>Preferred room(s):
2961         <ul>
2962           <li>For a subject</li>
2963           <li>For an activity tag</li>
2964           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
2965           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
2966         </ul>
2967       </li>
2968
2969       <li>For a set of activities:
2970         <ul>
2971           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
2972         </ul>
2973       </li>
2974     </ul>
2975   </li>
2976 </ul></p>
2977
2978 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
2979 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
2980 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
2981 manually, check it out.
2982
2983 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
2984 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
2985 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
2986 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
2987 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
2988 section</a>.</p>
2989
2990       </div>
2991       <div class="tags">
2992
2993
2994         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2995
2996
2997       </div>
2998     </div>
2999     <div class="padding"></div>
3000
3001     <div class="entry">
3002       <div class="title">
3003         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
3004       </div>
3005       <div class="date">
3006         30th June 2012
3007       </div>
3008       <div class="body">
3009         <p>Tidligere leder av
3010 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
3011 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
3012 i media og
3013 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
3014 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
3015 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
3016 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
3017 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
3018 noen måneder etter at
3019 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
3020 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
3021
3022 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3023
3024 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
3025 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
3026 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
3027 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
3028 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
3029 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
3030
3031 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3032
3033 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
3034 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
3035 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
3036 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
3037 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
3038 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
3039 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
3040 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
3041 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
3042 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
3043 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
3044 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
3045 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
3046 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
3047 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
3048 Windows.</p>
3049
3050 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3051
3052 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
3053 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
3054 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
3055 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
3056 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
3057 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
3058 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
3059 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
3060 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
3061 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
3062
3063 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3064
3065 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
3066 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
3067 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
3068 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
3069
3070 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3071
3072 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
3073 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
3074 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
3075 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
3076 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
3077 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
3078 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
3079 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
3080 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
3081
3082 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3083 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3084
3085 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
3086 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
3087 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
3088 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
3089 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
3090 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
3091 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
3092 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
3093
3094       </div>
3095       <div class="tags">
3096
3097
3098         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3099
3100
3101       </div>
3102     </div>
3103     <div class="padding"></div>
3104
3105     <div class="entry">
3106       <div class="title">
3107         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
3108       </div>
3109       <div class="date">
3110         26th June 2012
3111       </div>
3112       <div class="body">
3113         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
3114 another interview with the people behind
3115 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
3116 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
3117 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
3118 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
3119 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
3120 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
3121 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
3122
3123 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3124
3125 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
3126 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
3127 ICT in schools</p>
3128
3129 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3130 project?</strong></p>
3131
3132 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
3133 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
3134 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
3135 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
3136
3137 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3138 Edu?</strong></p>
3139
3140 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
3141 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
3142 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
3143 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
3144
3145 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3146 Edu?</strong></p>
3147
3148 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
3149 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
3150 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
3151 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
3152 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
3153 technologies in school.</p>
3154
3155 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3156
3157 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
3158 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
3159 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
3160
3161 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3162 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3163
3164 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
3165 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
3166 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
3167 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
3168
3169 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
3170 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
3171 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
3172
3173 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
3174 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
3175 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
3176 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
3177 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
3178 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
3179 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
3180 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
3181 working there.</p>
3182
3183       </div>
3184       <div class="tags">
3185
3186
3187         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3188
3189
3190       </div>
3191     </div>
3192     <div class="padding"></div>
3193
3194     <div class="entry">
3195       <div class="title">
3196         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
3197       </div>
3198       <div class="date">
3199         11th June 2012
3200       </div>
3201       <div class="body">
3202         <p>During my work on
3203 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
3204 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
3205 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
3206 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
3207 explanation.</p>
3208
3209 <p><ul>
3210
3211 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
3212 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
3213 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
3214 system depend on tasksel tasks in
3215 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
3216 installation.</li>
3217
3218 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
3219 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
3220 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
3221 at least try to enable it for these services:
3222 <ul>
3223
3224   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
3225     quotas.</li>
3226   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
3227   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
3228   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
3229   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
3230   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
3231
3232 </ul></li>
3233
3234 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
3235 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
3236 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
3237 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
3238
3239 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
3240 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
3241 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
3242
3243 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
3244 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
3245 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
3246 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
3247 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
3248 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
3249
3250 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
3251 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
3252 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
3253 in Wheezy.
3254
3255 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
3256 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
3257 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
3258
3259 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
3260 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
3261 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
3262 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
3263
3264 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
3265 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
3266 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
3267 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
3268
3269 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
3270 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
3271 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
3272
3273 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
3274 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
3275 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
3276
3277 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
3278 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
3279 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
3280 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
3281 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
3282
3283 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
3284 <ul>
3285
3286 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
3287 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
3288 <li>and probably more?</li>
3289 </ul></li>
3290
3291 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
3292 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
3293 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
3294 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
3295 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
3296 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
3297 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
3298 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
3299
3300
3301 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
3302 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
3303 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
3304 use.</li>
3305
3306 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
3307 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
3308 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
3309 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
3310 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
3311
3312 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
3313 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
3314 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
3315 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
3316 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
3317 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
3318
3319 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
3320 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
3321 There are at least three implementations,
3322 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
3323 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
3324 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
3325 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
3326 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
3327 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
3328 given room.</li>
3329
3330 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
3331 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
3332 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
3333 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
3334 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
3335 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
3336 investigated.</li>
3337
3338 </ul></p>
3339
3340 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
3341 version.</p>
3342
3343       </div>
3344       <div class="tags">
3345
3346
3347         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3348
3349
3350       </div>
3351     </div>
3352     <div class="padding"></div>
3353
3354     <div class="entry">
3355       <div class="title">
3356         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
3357       </div>
3358       <div class="date">
3359          2nd June 2012
3360       </div>
3361       <div class="body">
3362         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
3363 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3364 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
3365 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
3366 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
3367 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
3368
3369 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3370
3371 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
3372 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
3373 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
3374 by Angela).</p>
3375
3376 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
3377 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
3378 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
3379 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
3380 becoming an osteopath.</p>
3381
3382 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
3383 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
3384 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
3385 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
3386 skills with communication skills.</p>
3387
3388 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3389 project?</strong></p>
3390
3391 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
3392 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
3393 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
3394 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
3395 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
3396
3397 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
3398 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
3399 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
3400 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
3401 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
3402 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
3403 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
3404 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
3405 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
3406
3407 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
3408 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
3409 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
3410
3411 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
3412
3413 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
3414 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
3415 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
3416 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
3417 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
3418 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
3419 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
3420 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
3421 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
3422 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
3423 point.</p>
3424
3425 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
3426 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
3427 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
3428 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
3429 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
3430 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
3431
3432 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
3433 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
3434 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
3435 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
3436 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
3437 spare time.</p>
3438
3439 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
3440 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
3441 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
3442 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
3443 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
3444
3445 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
3446 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
3447 avoidance do exist.</p>
3448
3449 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
3450 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
3451 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
3452 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
3453 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
3454 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
3455 and probably a gain for all.</p>
3456
3457 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3458 Edu?</strong></p>
3459
3460 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
3461 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
3462 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
3463 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
3464 project communication, honest communication within the group of
3465 developers, etc.</p>
3466
3467 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3468 Edu?</strong></p>
3469
3470 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
3471
3472 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
3473 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
3474 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
3475 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
3476 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
3477 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
3478 contribute).</p>
3479
3480 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
3481 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
3482 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
3483 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
3484 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
3485 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
3486 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
3487 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
3488 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
3489 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
3490
3491 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3492
3493 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
3494
3495 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
3496 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
3497 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
3498
3499 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
3500 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
3501 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
3502 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
3503
3504 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
3505 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
3506 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
3507 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
3508 whiteboard.</p>
3509
3510 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
3511
3512 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3513 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3514
3515 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
3516 enrol people.</p>
3517
3518       </div>
3519       <div class="tags">
3520
3521
3522         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3523
3524
3525       </div>
3526     </div>
3527     <div class="padding"></div>
3528
3529     <div class="entry">
3530       <div class="title">
3531         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
3532       </div>
3533       <div class="date">
3534         27th May 2012
3535       </div>
3536       <div class="body">
3537         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
3538 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3539 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
3540 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
3541 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
3542 since then, helping to make sure the
3543 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
3544 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
3545
3546 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3547
3548 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
3549 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
3550 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
3551 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
3552 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
3553 our computer network.</p>
3554
3555 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
3556 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
3557 (4 months).</p>
3558
3559 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3560 project?</strong></p>
3561
3562 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
3563 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
3564 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
3565 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
3566 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
3567 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
3568 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
3569 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
3570 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
3571 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
3572 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
3573 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
3574 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
3575 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
3576
3577 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3578 Edu?</strong></p>
3579
3580 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
3581 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
3582 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
3583 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
3584 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
3585 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
3586 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
3587 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
3588
3589 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3590 Edu?</strong></p>
3591
3592 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
3593 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
3594 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
3595 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
3596 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
3597 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
3598 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
3599 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
3600 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
3601 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
3602 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
3603 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
3604
3605 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3606
3607 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
3608 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
3609 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
3610
3611 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3612 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3613
3614 <p><ol>
3615
3616 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
3617 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
3618 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
3619 developing.</li>
3620
3621 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
3622 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
3623 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
3624 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
3625 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
3626
3627 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
3628 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
3629 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
3630
3631 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
3632 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
3633 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
3634 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
3635
3636 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
3637 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
3638 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
3639
3640 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
3641
3642 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
3643 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
3644 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
3645 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
3646
3647 </ol></p>
3648
3649       </div>
3650       <div class="tags">
3651
3652
3653         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3654
3655
3656       </div>
3657     </div>
3658     <div class="padding"></div>
3659
3660     <div class="entry">
3661       <div class="title">
3662         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
3663       </div>
3664       <div class="date">
3665         20th May 2012
3666       </div>
3667       <div class="body">
3668         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
3669 musiker og mannen bak
3670 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
3671 i Rosegarden</a>
3672 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
3673 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
3674 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
3675 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
3676 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
3677 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
3678
3679 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3680
3681 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
3682 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
3683 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
3684 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
3685 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
3686 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
3687 musikkundervisning.</p>
3688
3689 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
3690 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
3691
3692 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
3693 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
3694 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
3695 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
3696 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
3697 dette operativsystemet.</p>
3698
3699 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3700
3701 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
3702 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
3703 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
3704 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
3705
3706 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3707
3708 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
3709 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
3710 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
3711 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
3712 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
3713
3714 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3715
3716 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
3717 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
3718 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
3719
3720 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
3721 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
3722 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
3723 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
3724 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
3725 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
3726 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
3727 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
3728 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
3729 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
3730 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
3731 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
3732
3733 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
3734 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
3735
3736 <p>Eksempel:</p>
3737
3738 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
3739 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
3740 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
3741 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
3742 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
3743 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
3744
3745 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
3746 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
3747 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
3748
3749 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
3750 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
3751 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
3752
3753 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
3754 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
3755 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
3756 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
3757 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
3758 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
3759 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
3760 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
3761
3762 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3763
3764 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
3765 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
3766
3767 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3768 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3769
3770 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
3771 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
3772 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
3773 alternativer.
3774
3775       </div>
3776       <div class="tags">
3777
3778
3779         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3780
3781
3782       </div>
3783     </div>
3784     <div class="padding"></div>
3785
3786     <div class="entry">
3787       <div class="title">
3788         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
3789       </div>
3790       <div class="date">
3791         13th May 2012
3792       </div>
3793       <div class="body">
3794         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
3795 publish another interview with the people behind
3796 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
3797 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
3798 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
3799 details get right before release.
3800
3801 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3802
3803 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
3804 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
3805 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
3806 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
3807 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
3808 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
3809 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
3810 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
3811
3812 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
3813 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
3814 home since 2006.</p>
3815
3816 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3817 project?</strong></p>
3818
3819 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
3820 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
3821 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
3822 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
3823 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
3824 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
3825
3826 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
3827 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
3828 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
3829 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
3830 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
3831 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
3832 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
3833 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
3834 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
3835 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
3836 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
3837 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
3838 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
3839 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
3840 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
3841 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
3842
3843 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3844 Edu?</strong></p>
3845
3846 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
3847 for me as today.</p>
3848
3849 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
3850
3851 <p><ul>
3852
3853 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
3854 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
3855
3856 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
3857 cost.</li>
3858
3859 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
3860 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
3861 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
3862 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
3863 server</li>
3864
3865 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
3866 school.</li>
3867
3868 </ul></p>
3869
3870 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
3871 came up in this way:</p>
3872
3873 <p><ul>
3874
3875 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
3876 now.</li>
3877
3878 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
3879 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
3880 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
3881
3882 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
3883 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
3884 interfaces used in the past.</li>
3885
3886 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
3887 different needs.</li>
3888
3889 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
3890
3891 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
3892 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
3893 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
3894
3895 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
3896 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
3897
3898 </ul></p>
3899
3900 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3901 Edu?</strong></p>
3902
3903 <p><ul>
3904
3905 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
3906 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
3907 whole municipality areas.</li>
3908
3909 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
3910 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
3911 politicians.</li>
3912
3913 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
3914
3915 </ul></p>
3916
3917 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3918
3919 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
3920 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
3921 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
3922 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
3923 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
3924 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
3925
3926 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
3927 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
3928 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
3929 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
3930 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
3931
3932 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3933 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3934
3935 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
3936 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
3937 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
3938
3939       </div>
3940       <div class="tags">
3941
3942
3943         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3944
3945
3946       </div>
3947     </div>
3948     <div class="padding"></div>
3949
3950     <div class="entry">
3951       <div class="title">
3952         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
3953       </div>
3954       <div class="date">
3955         15th April 2012
3956       </div>
3957       <div class="body">
3958         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
3959 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
3960 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
3961 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
3962 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
3963
3964 <p><blockquote>
3965
3966 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
3967 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
3968 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
3969 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
3970 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
3971 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
3972 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
3973
3974 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
3975 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
3976 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
3977 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
3978 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
3979 er:</p>
3980
3981 <ul>
3982 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
3983 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
3984 </ul>
3985
3986 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
3987 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
3988 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
3989 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
3990 dialog med informantene.</p>
3991
3992 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
3993 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
3994 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
3995 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
3996 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
3997 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
3998 OpenOffice.org.</p>
3999
4000 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
4001 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
4002 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
4003 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
4004 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
4005 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
4006 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
4007 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
4008 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
4009 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
4010 formater.</p>
4011
4012 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
4013 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
4014 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
4015 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
4016 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
4017 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
4018 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
4019 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
4020 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
4021 </blockquote></p>
4022
4023 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
4024 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
4025 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
4026 til DUO...</p>
4027
4028
4029       </div>
4030       <div class="tags">
4031
4032
4033         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4034
4035
4036       </div>
4037     </div>
4038     <div class="padding"></div>
4039
4040     <div class="entry">
4041       <div class="title">
4042         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
4043       </div>
4044       <div class="date">
4045         15th April 2012
4046       </div>
4047       <div class="body">
4048         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
4049 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
4050 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
4051 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
4052 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
4053 up in the recently released
4054 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
4055 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4056
4057 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4058
4059 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
4060 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
4061 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
4062 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
4063 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
4064 information technology and science/technology.</p>
4065
4066 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4067 project?</strong></p>
4068
4069 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
4070 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
4071 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
4072 contributing.</p>
4073
4074 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4075 Edu?</strong></p>
4076
4077 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
4078 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
4079 Debian Project!</p>
4080
4081 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4082 Edu?</strong></p>
4083
4084 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
4085 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
4086 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
4087 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
4088 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
4089 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
4090 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
4091
4092 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
4093 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
4094
4095 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4096
4097 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
4098 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
4099 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
4100 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
4101
4102 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4103 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4104
4105 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
4106 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
4107 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
4108 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
4109 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
4110 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
4111 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
4112
4113 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
4114 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
4115 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
4116 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
4117 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
4118 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
4119 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
4120 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
4121
4122       </div>
4123       <div class="tags">
4124
4125
4126         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4127
4128
4129       </div>
4130     </div>
4131     <div class="padding"></div>
4132
4133     <div class="entry">
4134       <div class="title">
4135         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
4136       </div>
4137       <div class="date">
4138          8th April 2012
4139       </div>
4140       <div class="body">
4141         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
4142 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
4143 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
4144 contributor to the
4145 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
4146 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
4147
4148 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4149
4150 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
4151 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
4152
4153 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4154 project?</strong></p>
4155
4156 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
4157 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
4158 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
4159 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
4160 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
4161 "localisation".</p>
4162
4163 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4164 Edu?</strong></p>
4165
4166 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4167 Edu?</strong></p>
4168
4169 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
4170 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
4171 education system.</p>
4172
4173 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
4174 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
4175 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
4176 money on the latest hardware.</p>
4177
4178 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4179
4180 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
4181 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
4182 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
4183
4184 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4185 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4186
4187 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
4188 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
4189 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
4190
4191       </div>
4192       <div class="tags">
4193
4194
4195         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4196
4197
4198       </div>
4199     </div>
4200     <div class="padding"></div>
4201
4202     <div class="entry">
4203       <div class="title">
4204         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
4205       </div>
4206       <div class="date">
4207          6th April 2012
4208       </div>
4209       <div class="body">
4210         <p>Recently I have spent time with
4211 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
4212 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
4213 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
4214 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
4215 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
4216 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
4217 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
4218 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
4219
4220 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
4221 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
4222 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
4223 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
4224 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
4225 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
4226 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
4227 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
4228
4229 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
4230 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
4231 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
4232 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
4233 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
4234 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
4235 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
4236 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
4237
4238 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
4239 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
4240 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
4241 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
4242 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
4243 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
4244 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
4245 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
4246 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
4247 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
4248
4249 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
4250 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
4251 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
4252 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
4253
4254 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
4255 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
4256
4257       </div>
4258       <div class="tags">
4259
4260
4261         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4262
4263
4264       </div>
4265     </div>
4266     <div class="padding"></div>
4267
4268     <div class="entry">
4269       <div class="title">
4270         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
4271       </div>
4272       <div class="date">
4273          5th April 2012
4274       </div>
4275       <div class="body">
4276         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
4277 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
4278 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
4279 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
4280 for schools.  Check out his article
4281 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
4282 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
4283
4284       </div>
4285       <div class="tags">
4286
4287
4288         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4289
4290
4291       </div>
4292     </div>
4293     <div class="padding"></div>
4294
4295     <div class="entry">
4296       <div class="title">
4297         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
4298       </div>
4299       <div class="date">
4300          1st April 2012
4301       </div>
4302       <div class="body">
4303         <p>Germany is a core area for the
4304 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4305 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
4306 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
4307
4308 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4309
4310 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
4311 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
4312 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
4313 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
4314 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
4315 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
4316 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
4317 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
4318
4319 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
4320 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
4321 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
4322 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
4323 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
4324 the end of April this year.</p>
4325
4326 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4327 project?</strong></p>
4328
4329 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
4330 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
4331 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
4332 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
4333 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
4334 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
4335 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
4336 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
4337 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
4338 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
4339 Skolelinux.</p>
4340
4341 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
4342 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
4343 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
4344 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
4345 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
4346 the admin teachers.</p>
4347
4348 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4349 Edu?</strong></p>
4350
4351 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
4352 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
4353 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
4354
4355 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
4356 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
4357 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
4358 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
4359 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
4360
4361 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4362 Edu?</strong></p>
4363
4364 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
4365
4366 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4367
4368 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
4369 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
4370 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
4371 LibreOffice.</p>
4372
4373 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4374 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4375
4376 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
4377 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
4378 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
4379
4380       </div>
4381       <div class="tags">
4382
4383
4384         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4385
4386
4387       </div>
4388     </div>
4389     <div class="padding"></div>
4390
4391     <div class="entry">
4392       <div class="title">
4393         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
4394       </div>
4395       <div class="date">
4396         30th March 2012
4397       </div>
4398       <div class="body">
4399         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
4400 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
4401 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
4402
4403 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
4404 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
4405
4406 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
4407
4408 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
4409 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
4410 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
4411 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
4412 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
4413
4414 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
4415 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
4416 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
4417 Nord-Odal:</p>
4418
4419 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
4420 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
4421 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
4422 pengene."</blockquote></p>
4423
4424 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
4425 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
4426 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
4427 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
4428 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
4429 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
4430 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
4431 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
4432
4433 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
4434
4435 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
4436 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
4437 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
4438 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
4439 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
4440 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
4441 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
4442 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
4443
4444 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
4445 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
4446 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
4447 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
4448 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
4449 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
4450 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
4451 Norge og verden.</p>
4452
4453 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
4454
4455 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
4456 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
4457
4458 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
4459
4460 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
4461
4462 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
4463
4464 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
4465 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
4466
4467 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
4468
4469 <p><ul>
4470
4471  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
4472  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
4473  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
4474  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
4475  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
4476  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
4477  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
4478
4479 </ul></p>
4480
4481       </div>
4482       <div class="tags">
4483
4484
4485         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4486
4487
4488       </div>
4489     </div>
4490     <div class="padding"></div>
4491
4492     <div class="entry">
4493       <div class="title">
4494         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
4495       </div>
4496       <div class="date">
4497         28th March 2012
4498       </div>
4499       <div class="body">
4500         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
4501 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
4502 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
4503 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
4504
4505 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4506
4507 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
4508 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
4509 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
4510 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
4511
4512 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
4513 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
4514 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
4515 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
4516 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
4517 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
4518 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
4519 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
4520
4521 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
4522 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4523
4524 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
4525 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
4526 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
4527 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
4528 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
4529 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
4530 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
4531 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
4532 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
4533 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
4534 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
4535 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
4536 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
4537 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
4538 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
4539 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
4540 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
4541 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
4542 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
4543 logistikkproblemer.</p>
4544
4545 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4546
4547 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
4548 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
4549 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
4550 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
4551 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
4552 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
4553 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
4554 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
4555 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
4556 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
4557 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
4558 samarbeid med andre.
4559
4560 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
4561 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
4562 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
4563
4564 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4565
4566 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
4567 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
4568 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
4569 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
4570 dette for enhver pris.</p>
4571
4572 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
4573 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
4574 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
4575 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
4576 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
4577 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
4578 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
4579
4580 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
4581 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
4582 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
4583 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
4584
4585 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
4586 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
4587 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
4588 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
4589 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
4590 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
4591
4592 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
4593 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
4594 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
4595 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
4596 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
4597 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
4598
4599 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
4600 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
4601 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
4602 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
4603 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
4604 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
4605 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
4606 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
4607 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
4608 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
4609
4610 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4611
4612 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
4613 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
4614 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
4615 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
4616 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
4617 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
4618 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
4619 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
4620 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
4621 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
4622 Bill G sine produkter.
4623
4624 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4625 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4626
4627 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
4628 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
4629 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
4630 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
4631 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
4632 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
4633 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
4634 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
4635 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
4636
4637       </div>
4638       <div class="tags">
4639
4640
4641         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4642
4643
4644       </div>
4645     </div>
4646     <div class="padding"></div>
4647
4648     <div class="entry">
4649       <div class="title">
4650         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
4651       </div>
4652       <div class="date">
4653         25th March 2012
4654       </div>
4655       <div class="body">
4656         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
4657
4658 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
4659 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
4660 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
4661 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
4662 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
4663 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
4664 and download as a
4665 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
4666 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
4667
4668 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
4669   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
4670     <p>Download video as
4671       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
4672 </video></p>
4673
4674       </div>
4675       <div class="tags">
4676
4677
4678         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4679
4680
4681       </div>
4682     </div>
4683     <div class="padding"></div>
4684
4685     <div class="entry">
4686       <div class="title">
4687         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
4688       </div>
4689       <div class="date">
4690         19th March 2012
4691       </div>
4692       <div class="body">
4693         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
4694 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
4695 Et eksempel er
4696 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
4697 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
4698 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
4699 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
4700 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
4701 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
4702 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
4703 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
4704 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
4705 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
4706 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
4707 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
4708 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
4709
4710 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
4711 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
4712 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
4713 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
4714 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
4715
4716 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
4717 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
4718 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
4719 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
4720 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
4721 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
4722 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
4723 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
4724
4725 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
4726 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
4727 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
4728
4729 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
4730 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
4731 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
4732 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
4733
4734 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
4735 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
4736
4737       </div>
4738       <div class="tags">
4739
4740
4741         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4742
4743
4744       </div>
4745     </div>
4746     <div class="padding"></div>
4747
4748     <div class="entry">
4749       <div class="title">
4750         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
4751       </div>
4752       <div class="date">
4753         19th March 2012
4754       </div>
4755       <div class="body">
4756         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
4757 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
4758 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
4759 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
4760 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
4761
4762 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4763
4764 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
4765 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
4766 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
4767 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
4768 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
4769 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
4770 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
4771 installations.</p>
4772
4773 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4774 project?</strong></p>
4775
4776 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
4777 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
4778 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
4779 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
4780 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
4781 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
4782 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
4783 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
4784 these things we decided to try it.</p>
4785
4786 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4787 Edu?</strong></p>
4788
4789 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
4790 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
4791 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
4792 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
4793 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
4794 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
4795 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
4796 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
4797
4798 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4799 Edu?</strong></p>
4800
4801 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
4802 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
4803 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
4804 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
4805 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
4806
4807 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4808
4809 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
4810 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
4811 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
4812 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
4813 that counts...)</p>
4814
4815 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4816 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4817
4818 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
4819 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
4820 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
4821 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
4822 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
4823 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
4824 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
4825 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
4826 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
4827 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
4828 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
4829
4830 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
4831 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
4832 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
4833
4834       </div>
4835       <div class="tags">
4836
4837
4838         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4839
4840
4841       </div>
4842     </div>
4843     <div class="padding"></div>
4844
4845     <div class="entry">
4846       <div class="title">
4847         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
4848       </div>
4849       <div class="date">
4850         16th March 2012
4851       </div>
4852       <div class="body">
4853         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
4854 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
4855 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
4856 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
4857
4858 <ol>
4859
4860 <li>The documentation is written in a
4861 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
4862 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
4863 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
4864 docbook XML.</li>
4865
4866 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
4867 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
4868 with the translated text.</li>
4869
4870 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
4871 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
4872 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
4873 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
4874 images.</li>
4875
4876 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
4877 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
4878
4879 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
4880 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
4881
4882 </ol>
4883
4884 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
4885 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
4886 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
4887 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
4888 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
4889
4890 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
4891 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
4892 package</a>.</p>
4893
4894       </div>
4895       <div class="tags">
4896
4897
4898         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4899
4900
4901       </div>
4902     </div>
4903     <div class="padding"></div>
4904
4905     <div class="entry">
4906       <div class="title">
4907         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
4908       </div>
4909       <div class="date">
4910         13th March 2012
4911       </div>
4912       <div class="body">
4913         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
4914 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
4915 er tilgjengelige allerede og
4916 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
4917 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
4918 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
4919 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
4920 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
4921 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
4922 likevel.</p>
4923
4924       </div>
4925       <div class="tags">
4926
4927
4928         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
4929
4930
4931       </div>
4932     </div>
4933     <div class="padding"></div>
4934
4935     <div class="entry">
4936       <div class="title">
4937         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
4938       </div>
4939       <div class="date">
4940         12th March 2012
4941       </div>
4942       <div class="body">
4943         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
4944 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
4945 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
4946 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
4947 styremedlem i foreningen
4948 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
4949 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
4950 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
4951 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
4952 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
4953 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
4954 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
4955 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
4956 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
4957 veien.</p>
4958
4959 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4960
4961 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
4962 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
4963 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
4964 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
4965 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
4966 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
4967 slutten.</p>
4968
4969 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4970
4971 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
4972 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
4973 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
4974 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
4975 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
4976 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
4977 admin-siden).</p>
4978
4979 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4980
4981 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
4982 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
4983 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
4984 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
4985 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
4986 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
4987
4988 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4989
4990 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
4991 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
4992 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
4993 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
4994 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
4995 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
4996 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
4997
4998 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4999
5000 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
5001 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
5002 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
5003 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
5004
5005 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5006 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5007
5008 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
5009 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
5010 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
5011 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
5012 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
5013 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
5014 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
5015 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
5016 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
5017 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
5018 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
5019 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
5020 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
5021 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
5022 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
5023 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
5024 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
5025 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
5026
5027       </div>
5028       <div class="tags">
5029
5030
5031         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5032
5033
5034       </div>
5035     </div>
5036     <div class="padding"></div>
5037
5038     <div class="entry">
5039       <div class="title">
5040         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
5041       </div>
5042       <div class="date">
5043         11th March 2012
5044       </div>
5045       <div class="body">
5046         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
5047 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
5048 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
5049 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
5050 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
5051 you have not done so already.</p>
5052
5053 <p>I plan to present the new version at
5054 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
5055 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
5056 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
5057
5058       </div>
5059       <div class="tags">
5060
5061
5062         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5063
5064
5065       </div>
5066     </div>
5067     <div class="padding"></div>
5068
5069     <div class="entry">
5070       <div class="title">
5071         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
5072       </div>
5073       <div class="date">
5074          9th March 2012
5075       </div>
5076       <div class="body">
5077         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
5078 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
5079 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
5080 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
5081 more international audience.</p>
5082
5083 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
5084 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
5085 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
5086 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
5087 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
5088 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
5089 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
5090
5091
5092 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5093
5094 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
5095 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
5096 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
5097 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
5098 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
5099 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
5100 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
5101 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
5102 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
5103 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
5104 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
5105
5106 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5107 project?</strong></p>
5108
5109 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
5110 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
5111 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
5112 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
5113 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
5114 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
5115 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
5116 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
5117 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
5118 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
5119 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
5120 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
5121 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
5122
5123 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5124 Edu?</strong></p>
5125
5126 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
5127 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
5128 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
5129 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
5130 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
5131 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
5132 Japan.</p>
5133
5134 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5135 Edu?</strong></p>
5136
5137 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
5138 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
5139 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
5140 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
5141 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
5142 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
5143 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
5144 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
5145 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
5146 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
5147 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
5148 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
5149 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
5150 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
5151 help.</p>
5152
5153 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5154
5155 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
5156 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
5157 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
5158 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
5159 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
5160 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
5161 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
5162 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
5163 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
5164 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
5165 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
5166
5167 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5168 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5169
5170 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
5171 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
5172 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
5173 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
5174 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
5175 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
5176 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
5177 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
5178 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
5179 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
5180 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
5181 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
5182
5183       </div>
5184       <div class="tags">
5185
5186
5187         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5188
5189
5190       </div>
5191     </div>
5192     <div class="padding"></div>
5193
5194     <div class="entry">
5195       <div class="title">
5196         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
5197       </div>
5198       <div class="date">
5199          7th March 2012
5200       </div>
5201       <div class="body">
5202         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
5203
5204 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
5205 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
5206 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
5207 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
5208 download as a
5209 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
5210 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
5211
5212 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
5213   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
5214     <p>Download video as
5215       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
5216 </video></p>
5217
5218       </div>
5219       <div class="tags">
5220
5221
5222         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5223
5224
5225       </div>
5226     </div>
5227     <div class="padding"></div>
5228
5229     <div class="entry">
5230       <div class="title">
5231         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
5232       </div>
5233       <div class="date">
5234          4th March 2012
5235       </div>
5236       <div class="body">
5237         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
5238 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5239 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
5240 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
5241 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
5242 need a software solution for your school.</p>
5243
5244       </div>
5245       <div class="tags">
5246
5247
5248         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5249
5250
5251       </div>
5252     </div>
5253     <div class="padding"></div>
5254
5255     <div class="entry">
5256       <div class="title">
5257         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
5258       </div>
5259       <div class="date">
5260          3rd March 2012
5261       </div>
5262       <div class="body">
5263         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
5264 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
5265 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
5266 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
5267 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
5268 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
5269 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
5270 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
5271 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
5272 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
5273 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
5274 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
5275 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
5276 year...</p>
5277
5278 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
5279 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
5280 name,
5281 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
5282 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
5283 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
5284 mean). I've been following
5285 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
5286 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
5287 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
5288 Check it out. :)</p>
5289
5290       </div>
5291       <div class="tags">
5292
5293
5294         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
5295
5296
5297       </div>
5298     </div>
5299     <div class="padding"></div>
5300
5301     <div class="entry">
5302       <div class="title">
5303         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
5304       </div>
5305       <div class="date">
5306         27th February 2012
5307       </div>
5308       <div class="body">
5309         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5310 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
5311 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
5312 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
5313 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
5314
5315 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5316
5317 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
5318 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
5319 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
5320
5321 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5322
5323 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
5324 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
5325 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
5326 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
5327
5328 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
5329 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5330
5331 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
5332 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
5333
5334 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5335
5336 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
5337 løsninger.</p>
5338
5339 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5340 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5341
5342 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
5343 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
5344 under dette.</p>
5345
5346       </div>
5347       <div class="tags">
5348
5349
5350         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5351
5352
5353       </div>
5354     </div>
5355     <div class="padding"></div>
5356
5357     <div class="entry">
5358       <div class="title">
5359         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
5360       </div>
5361       <div class="date">
5362         27th February 2012
5363       </div>
5364       <div class="body">
5365         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
5366 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5367 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
5368 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
5369 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
5370 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
5371 need a software solution for your school.</p>
5372
5373       </div>
5374       <div class="tags">
5375
5376
5377         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5378
5379
5380       </div>
5381     </div>
5382     <div class="padding"></div>
5383
5384     <div class="entry">
5385       <div class="title">
5386         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
5387       </div>
5388       <div class="date">
5389         21st February 2012
5390       </div>
5391       <div class="body">
5392         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5393 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
5394 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
5395 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5396 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
5397
5398 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5399
5400 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
5401 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
5402 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
5403 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
5404 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
5405 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
5406 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
5407 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
5408
5409 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5410
5411 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
5412 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
5413 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
5414 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
5415 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
5416 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
5417 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
5418 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
5419 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
5420
5421 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
5422 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
5423 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
5424 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
5425
5426 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
5427 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
5428 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
5429 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
5430 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
5431 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
5432 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
5433 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
5434 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
5435 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
5436
5437 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5438
5439 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
5440 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
5441 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
5442 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
5443
5444 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
5445 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
5446 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
5447 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
5448 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
5449 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
5450 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
5451 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
5452
5453 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
5454 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
5455 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
5456 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
5457 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
5458 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
5459 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
5460 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
5461 PC-er.</p>
5462
5463 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5464
5465 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
5466 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
5467 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
5468 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
5469 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
5470 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
5471 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
5472 Foundation.</p>
5473
5474 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
5475 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
5476 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
5477 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
5478 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
5479 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
5480 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
5481 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
5482
5483 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
5484 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
5485 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
5486 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
5487 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
5488 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
5489 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
5490 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
5491
5492 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
5493 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
5494 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
5495 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
5496 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
5497 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
5498 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
5499 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
5500 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
5501 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
5502
5503 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5504
5505 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
5506 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
5507 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
5508 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
5509 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
5510 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
5511
5512 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5513 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5514
5515 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
5516 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
5517 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
5518 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
5519 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
5520 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
5521 støttetjenester.</p>
5522
5523 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
5524 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
5525 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
5526 selges til kommuner.</p>
5527
5528       </div>
5529       <div class="tags">
5530
5531
5532         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5533
5534
5535       </div>
5536     </div>
5537     <div class="padding"></div>
5538
5539     <div class="entry">
5540       <div class="title">
5541         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
5542       </div>
5543       <div class="date">
5544         19th February 2012
5545       </div>
5546       <div class="body">
5547         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
5548 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
5549 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
5550 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
5551 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
5552 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
5553 solution for your school.</p>
5554
5555       </div>
5556       <div class="tags">
5557
5558
5559         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5560
5561
5562       </div>
5563     </div>
5564     <div class="padding"></div>
5565
5566     <div class="entry">
5567       <div class="title">
5568         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
5569       </div>
5570       <div class="date">
5571         18th February 2012
5572       </div>
5573       <div class="body">
5574         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5575 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
5576 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
5577 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5578 Skolen</a>.</p>
5579
5580 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5581
5582 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
5583 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
5584 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
5585
5586 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5587
5588 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
5589 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
5590 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
5591 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
5592 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
5593 familien.</p>
5594
5595 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5596
5597 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
5598 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
5599 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
5600 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
5601 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
5602
5603 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5604
5605 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
5606 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
5607 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
5608 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
5609
5610 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5611
5612 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
5613 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
5614 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
5615 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
5616 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
5617 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
5618 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
5619 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
5620
5621 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5622 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5623
5624 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
5625 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
5626 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
5627 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
5628 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
5629 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
5630 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
5631 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
5632 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
5633 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
5634
5635       </div>
5636       <div class="tags">
5637
5638
5639         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5640
5641
5642       </div>
5643     </div>
5644     <div class="padding"></div>
5645
5646     <div class="entry">
5647       <div class="title">
5648         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5649       </div>
5650       <div class="date">
5651         13th February 2012
5652       </div>
5653       <div class="body">
5654         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
5655 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
5656 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
5657 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
5658 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
5659 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
5660 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
5661 change the global proxy setting by editing
5662 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
5663 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
5664
5665 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
5666 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
5667 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
5668
5669 <blockquote><pre>
5670 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
5671 {
5672    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
5673        isPlainHostName(host) ||
5674        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
5675       return "DIRECT";
5676    else
5677       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
5678 }
5679 </pre></blockquote>
5680
5681 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
5682
5683 <blockquote><pre>
5684 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
5685 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
5686 </pre></blockquote>
5687
5688 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
5689 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
5690 would be used for
5691 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
5692 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
5693 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
5694 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
5695 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
5696 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
5697 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
5698 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
5699 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
5700 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
5701
5702 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
5703 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
5704 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
5705 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
5706 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
5707 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
5708
5709 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
5710 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
5711 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
5712 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
5713 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
5714 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
5715 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
5716 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
5717 the network setup changes.</p>
5718
5719 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
5720 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
5721 draft</a> and a
5722 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
5723 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
5724
5725       </div>
5726       <div class="tags">
5727
5728
5729         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5730
5731
5732       </div>
5733     </div>
5734     <div class="padding"></div>
5735
5736     <div class="entry">
5737       <div class="title">
5738         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
5739       </div>
5740       <div class="date">
5741          7th February 2012
5742       </div>
5743       <div class="body">
5744         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5745 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
5746 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
5747
5748 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5749
5750 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
5751 mere.</p>
5752
5753 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5754
5755 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
5756 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
5757 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
5758 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
5759
5760 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
5761 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
5762 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
5763 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
5764 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
5765 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
5766
5767 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5768
5769 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
5770 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
5771 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
5772 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
5773 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
5774
5775 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5776
5777 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
5778 versjoner.</p>
5779
5780 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
5781 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
5782 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
5783 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
5784 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
5785 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
5786 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
5787
5788 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5789
5790 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
5791 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
5792 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
5793
5794 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
5795 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
5796 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
5797 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
5798 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
5799 også.</p>
5800
5801 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5802 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5803
5804 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
5805 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
5806 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
5807 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
5808 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
5809 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
5810 bruker.</p>
5811
5812 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
5813 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
5814 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
5815 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
5816 vil ha det.</p>
5817
5818       </div>
5819       <div class="tags">
5820
5821
5822         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5823
5824
5825       </div>
5826     </div>
5827     <div class="padding"></div>
5828
5829     <div class="entry">
5830       <div class="title">
5831         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
5832       </div>
5833       <div class="date">
5834          5th February 2012
5835       </div>
5836       <div class="body">
5837         <p>Since the Lenny version of
5838 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
5839 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
5840 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
5841 in the morning.  This is done using the
5842 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
5843
5844 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
5845 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
5846 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
5847 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
5848 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
5849 the
5850 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
5851 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
5852 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
5853 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
5854 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
5855
5856 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
5857 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
5858 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
5859 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
5860 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
5861 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
5862 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
5863
5864 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
5865 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
5866 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
5867 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
5868 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
5869
5870       </div>
5871       <div class="tags">
5872
5873
5874         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5875
5876
5877       </div>
5878     </div>
5879     <div class="padding"></div>
5880
5881     <div class="entry">
5882       <div class="title">
5883         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
5884       </div>
5885       <div class="date">
5886          4th February 2012
5887       </div>
5888       <div class="body">
5889         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
5890 publish the third beta version of
5891 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
5892 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
5893 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
5894 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
5895 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
5896 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
5897 on the project announcement list.</p>
5898
5899 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
5900 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
5901
5902 <ul>
5903
5904 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
5905   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
5906   the installation.</li>
5907
5908 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
5909   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
5910
5911 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
5912   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
5913   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
5914
5915 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
5916   for the local system administrator is created during installation
5917   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
5918   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
5919   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
5920   up to date on the system.</li>
5921
5922 </ul>
5923
5924 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
5925 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
5926 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
5927 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
5928
5929 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
5930 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
5931 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
5932 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
5933 will see you there?</p>
5934
5935       </div>
5936       <div class="tags">
5937
5938
5939         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5940
5941
5942       </div>
5943     </div>
5944     <div class="padding"></div>
5945
5946     <div class="entry">
5947       <div class="title">
5948         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
5949       </div>
5950       <div class="date">
5951         27th January 2012
5952       </div>
5953       <div class="body">
5954         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
5955 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
5956 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
5957 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
5958 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
5959 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
5960 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
5961
5962 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
5963 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
5964 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
5965 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
5966 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
5967 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
5968 not taken care of by this.</p>
5969
5970 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
5971 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
5972 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
5973 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
5974 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
5975 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
5976 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
5977 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
5978 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
5979 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
5980 firmware packages.</p>
5981
5982 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
5983 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
5984 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
5985 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
5986 initrd with extra firmware, the
5987 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
5988 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
5989 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
5990
5991 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
5992 network cards working.  For this,
5993 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
5994 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
5995 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
5996
5997 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
5998 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
5999 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
6000
6001 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
6002 try.</p>
6003
6004       </div>
6005       <div class="tags">
6006
6007
6008         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6009
6010
6011       </div>
6012     </div>
6013     <div class="padding"></div>
6014
6015     <div class="entry">
6016       <div class="title">
6017         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
6018       </div>
6019       <div class="date">
6020         26th January 2012
6021       </div>
6022       <div class="body">
6023         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
6024 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
6025 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
6026
6027 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
6028 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
6029 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
6030 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
6031 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
6032 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
6033
6034 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
6035 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
6036 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
6037 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
6038
6039 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
6040 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
6041 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
6042 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
6043 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
6044 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
6045 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
6046 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
6047 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
6048 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
6049 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
6050 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
6051 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
6052 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
6053 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
6054 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
6055 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
6056 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
6057 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
6058 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
6059 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
6060 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
6061
6062       </div>
6063       <div class="tags">
6064
6065
6066         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6067
6068
6069       </div>
6070     </div>
6071     <div class="padding"></div>
6072
6073     <div class="entry">
6074       <div class="title">
6075         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
6076       </div>
6077       <div class="date">
6078         25th January 2012
6079       </div>
6080       <div class="body">
6081         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
6082 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
6083 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
6084 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
6085 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
6086
6087 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
6088 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
6089 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
6090 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
6091 this is done, log on to the central server and run
6092 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
6093 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
6094 will look similar to this:</p>
6095
6096 <p><blockquote><pre>
6097 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
6098 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
6099 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
6100
6101 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
6102
6103 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
6104 enter password: *******
6105 %
6106 </pre></blockquote></p>
6107
6108 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
6109 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
6110 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
6111 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
6112 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
6113 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
6114 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
6115 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
6116 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
6117 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
6118 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
6119 automatically.</p>
6120
6121 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
6122 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
6123
6124 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
6125 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
6126 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
6127
6128       </div>
6129       <div class="tags">
6130
6131
6132         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
6133
6134
6135       </div>
6136     </div>
6137     <div class="padding"></div>
6138
6139     <div class="entry">
6140       <div class="title">
6141         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
6142       </div>
6143       <div class="date">
6144         18th January 2012
6145       </div>
6146       <div class="body">
6147         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6148 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
6149 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
6150 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
6151 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
6152 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
6153
6154 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6155
6156 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
6157 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
6158 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
6159 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
6160 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
6161 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
6162 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
6163 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
6164 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
6165 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
6166
6167 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6168
6169 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
6170 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
6171 dette ble levert.</p>
6172
6173 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6174
6175 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
6176 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
6177 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
6178 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
6179 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
6180
6181 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
6182 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
6183 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
6184 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
6185 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
6186 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
6187 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
6188
6189 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
6190 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
6191 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
6192 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
6193 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
6194 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
6195 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
6196
6197 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
6198 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
6199 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
6200 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
6201 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
6202 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
6203 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
6204 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
6205 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
6206 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
6207 nå.</p>
6208
6209 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
6210 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
6211 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
6212 oss.</p>
6213
6214 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
6215 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
6216 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
6217 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
6218
6219 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6220
6221 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
6222 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
6223 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
6224 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
6225 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
6226 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
6227
6228 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
6229 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
6230 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
6231 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
6232 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
6233 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
6234 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
6235 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
6236
6237 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
6238 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
6239
6240 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6241
6242 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
6243 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
6244 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
6245 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
6246 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
6247
6248 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6249 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6250
6251 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
6252 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
6253 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
6254 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
6255 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
6256 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
6257 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
6258 hjemme.</p>
6259
6260       </div>
6261       <div class="tags">
6262
6263
6264         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6265
6266
6267       </div>
6268     </div>
6269     <div class="padding"></div>
6270
6271     <div class="entry">
6272       <div class="title">
6273         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
6274       </div>
6275       <div class="date">
6276         10th January 2012
6277       </div>
6278       <div class="body">
6279         <p>In the Squeeze version of
6280 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
6281 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
6282 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
6283 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
6284 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
6285 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
6286 first time.</p>
6287
6288 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
6289 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
6290 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
6291 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
6292
6293 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
6294 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
6295 new setting.</p>
6296
6297 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
6298 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
6299 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
6300
6301       </div>
6302       <div class="tags">
6303
6304
6305         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
6306
6307
6308       </div>
6309     </div>
6310     <div class="padding"></div>
6311
6312     <div class="entry">
6313       <div class="title">
6314         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6315       </div>
6316       <div class="date">
6317          7th January 2012
6318       </div>
6319       <div class="body">
6320         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
6321 the second beta version of
6322 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
6323 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
6324 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
6325 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
6326 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
6327 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
6328 on the project announcement list.</p>
6329
6330       </div>
6331       <div class="tags">
6332
6333
6334         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6335
6336
6337       </div>
6338     </div>
6339     <div class="padding"></div>
6340
6341     <div class="entry">
6342       <div class="title">
6343         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
6344       </div>
6345       <div class="date">
6346          3rd January 2012
6347       </div>
6348       <div class="body">
6349         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
6350 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
6351 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
6352 interesting.</p>
6353
6354 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
6355 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
6356 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
6357 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
6358 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
6359 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
6360 wrap up its tasks.</p>
6361
6362 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
6363 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
6364 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
6365 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
6366 because I was typing.</P>
6367
6368 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
6369 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
6370 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
6371 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
6372 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
6373 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
6374 generate entropy.</p>
6375
6376 <p>The fix is in
6377 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
6378 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
6379 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
6380 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
6381
6382       </div>
6383       <div class="tags">
6384
6385
6386         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6387
6388
6389       </div>
6390     </div>
6391     <div class="padding"></div>
6392
6393     <div class="entry">
6394       <div class="title">
6395         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
6396       </div>
6397       <div class="date">
6398         11th December 2011
6399       </div>
6400       <div class="body">
6401         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
6402 intervjuer av
6403 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
6404
6405 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
6406 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
6407 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
6408
6409 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6410
6411 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
6412 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
6413 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
6414 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
6415 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
6416
6417 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6418
6419 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
6420 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
6421 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
6422 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
6423 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
6424
6425 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6426
6427 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
6428 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
6429 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
6430 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
6431 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
6432 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
6433 og foreldre.</p>
6434
6435 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6436
6437 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
6438 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
6439 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
6440 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
6441
6442 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6443
6444 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
6445 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
6446 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
6447 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
6448 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
6449 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
6450 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
6451 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
6452 på
6453 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
6454
6455 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
6456 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
6457 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
6458 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
6459
6460 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6461 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6462
6463 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
6464 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
6465
6466 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
6467 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
6468 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
6469 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
6470 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
6471 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
6472 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
6473 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
6474 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
6475 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
6476 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
6477 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
6478 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
6479 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
6480
6481       </div>
6482       <div class="tags">
6483
6484
6485         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6486
6487
6488       </div>
6489     </div>
6490     <div class="padding"></div>
6491
6492     <div class="entry">
6493       <div class="title">
6494         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
6495       </div>
6496       <div class="date">
6497         27th July 2011
6498       </div>
6499       <div class="body">
6500         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
6501 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
6502 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
6503 fra starten av
6504 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
6505
6506 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6507
6508 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
6509 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
6510 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
6511 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
6512 helhet.</p>
6513
6514 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6515
6516 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
6517 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
6518 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
6519
6520 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6521
6522 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
6523 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
6524 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
6525 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
6526 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
6527 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
6528
6529 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6530
6531 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
6532 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
6533 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
6534 utfordringer.</p>
6535
6536 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
6537 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
6538 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
6539 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
6540 løsningen.</p>
6541
6542 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
6543 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
6544 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
6545 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
6546 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
6547 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
6548 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
6549
6550 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
6551 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
6552 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
6553 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
6554 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
6555 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
6556 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
6557
6558 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
6559 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
6560 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
6561 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
6562 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
6563 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
6564 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
6565 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
6566 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
6567 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
6568 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
6569 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
6570 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
6571 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
6572 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
6573 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
6574
6575 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6576
6577 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
6578 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
6579 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
6580 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
6581 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
6582 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
6583 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
6584 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
6585
6586 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6587 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6588
6589 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
6590
6591 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
6592 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
6593 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
6594 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
6595 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
6596 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
6597
6598 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
6599 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
6600 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
6601
6602 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
6603 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
6604 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
6605 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
6606 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
6607 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
6608 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
6609 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
6610 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
6611 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
6612 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
6613 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
6614 sidelinjen.</p>
6615
6616       </div>
6617       <div class="tags">
6618
6619
6620         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6621
6622
6623       </div>
6624     </div>
6625     <div class="padding"></div>
6626
6627     <div class="entry">
6628       <div class="title">
6629         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
6630       </div>
6631       <div class="date">
6632         10th April 2011
6633       </div>
6634       <div class="body">
6635         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
6636 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
6637 bidragsyter i
6638 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
6639
6640 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6641
6642 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
6643 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
6644 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
6645 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
6646
6647 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6648
6649 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
6650 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
6651 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
6652 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
6653 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
6654 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
6655 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
6656 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
6657
6658 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6659
6660 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
6661 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
6662 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
6663 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
6664
6665 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6666
6667 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
6668 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
6669 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
6670 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
6671 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
6672
6673 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6674
6675 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
6676 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
6677 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
6678 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
6679 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
6680 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
6681 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
6682
6683 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6684 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6685
6686 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
6687 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
6688 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
6689 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
6690 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
6691 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
6692 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
6693 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
6694 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
6695 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
6696 av.</p>
6697
6698       </div>
6699       <div class="tags">
6700
6701
6702         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6703
6704
6705       </div>
6706     </div>
6707     <div class="padding"></div>
6708
6709     <div class="entry">
6710       <div class="title">
6711         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
6712       </div>
6713       <div class="date">
6714         28th March 2011
6715       </div>
6716       <div class="body">
6717         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
6718 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
6719 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
6720 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
6721 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
6722 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
6723 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
6724
6725 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6726
6727 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
6728 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
6729 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
6730
6731 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6732
6733 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
6734 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
6735 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
6736 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
6737 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
6738 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
6739 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
6740 klientsiden.</p>
6741
6742 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
6743 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
6744 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
6745 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
6746 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
6747 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
6748
6749 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
6750 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
6751
6752 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
6753 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
6754 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
6755 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
6756 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
6757 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
6758 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
6759 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
6760 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
6761
6762 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
6763 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
6764 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
6765 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
6766 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
6767 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
6768 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
6769 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
6770
6771 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6772
6773 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
6774 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
6775 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
6776 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
6777 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
6778 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
6779 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
6780 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
6781 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
6782
6783 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
6784 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
6785 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
6786 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
6787 det!</p>
6788
6789 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
6790 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
6791 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
6792 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
6793 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
6794 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
6795 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
6796
6797 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
6798 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
6799 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
6800 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
6801 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
6802 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
6803
6804 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6805
6806 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
6807 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
6808 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
6809 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
6810 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
6811
6812 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
6813 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
6814 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
6815
6816 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6817
6818 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
6819 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
6820 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
6821 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
6822 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
6823
6824 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
6825 osv.</p>
6826
6827 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
6828 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
6829 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
6830
6831 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6832 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6833
6834 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
6835 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
6836 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
6837 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
6838 skvettbillig.</p>
6839
6840 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
6841 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
6842 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
6843 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
6844 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
6845
6846 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
6847 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
6848 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
6849 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
6850 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
6851
6852 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
6853 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
6854 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
6855
6856       </div>
6857       <div class="tags">
6858
6859
6860         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6861
6862
6863       </div>
6864     </div>
6865     <div class="padding"></div>
6866
6867     <div class="entry">
6868       <div class="title">
6869         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
6870       </div>
6871       <div class="date">
6872         27th February 2011
6873       </div>
6874       <div class="body">
6875         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
6876 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
6877 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
6878 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
6879
6880 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6881
6882 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
6883 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
6884 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
6885 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
6886
6887 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
6888 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
6889 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
6890 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
6891
6892 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
6893 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
6894
6895 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6896
6897 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
6898 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
6899 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
6900 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
6901 etc.</p>
6902
6903 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6904
6905 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
6906 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
6907 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
6908 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
6909 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
6910 Skolelinux.</p>
6911
6912 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6913
6914 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
6915 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
6916 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
6917 Linux.</p>
6918
6919 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
6920 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
6921 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
6922 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
6923
6924 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6925
6926 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
6927 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
6928 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
6929 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
6930
6931 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
6932 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
6933
6934 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6935 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6936
6937 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
6938 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
6939 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
6940
6941       </div>
6942       <div class="tags">
6943
6944
6945         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6946
6947
6948       </div>
6949     </div>
6950     <div class="padding"></div>
6951
6952     <div class="entry">
6953       <div class="title">
6954         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
6955       </div>
6956       <div class="date">
6957         16th February 2011
6958       </div>
6959       <div class="body">
6960         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
6961 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
6962 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
6963 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
6964
6965 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6966
6967 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
6968 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
6969 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
6970 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
6971 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
6972 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
6973 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
6974 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
6975 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
6976 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
6977
6978 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6979
6980 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
6981 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
6982 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
6983 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
6984
6985 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6986
6987 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
6988 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
6989 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
6990 på.</p>
6991
6992 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
6993 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
6994 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
6995 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
6996 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
6997 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
6998 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
6999 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
7000 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
7001 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
7002
7003 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
7004 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
7005 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
7006 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
7007 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
7008 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
7009 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
7010 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
7011
7012 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7013
7014 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
7015
7016 <ul>
7017 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
7018 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
7019   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
7020   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
7021 </ul>
7022
7023 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
7024 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
7025 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
7026 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
7027 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
7028 måte.</p>
7029
7030 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7031
7032 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
7033 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
7034 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
7035 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
7036
7037 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7038 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7039
7040 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
7041 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
7042 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
7043 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
7044
7045       </div>
7046       <div class="tags">
7047
7048
7049         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7050
7051
7052       </div>
7053     </div>
7054     <div class="padding"></div>
7055
7056     <div class="entry">
7057       <div class="title">
7058         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
7059       </div>
7060       <div class="date">
7061         23rd January 2011
7062       </div>
7063       <div class="body">
7064         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
7065 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
7066 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
7067 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
7068
7069 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7070
7071 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
7072 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
7073 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
7074 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
7075 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
7076 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
7077 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
7078 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
7079
7080 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7081
7082 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
7083 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
7084
7085 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
7086 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
7087 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
7088 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
7089
7090 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7091
7092 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
7093 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
7094 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
7095
7096 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7097
7098 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
7099 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
7100 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
7101 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
7102 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
7103 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
7104 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
7105 og det er synd.</p>
7106
7107 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7108
7109 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
7110 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
7111 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
7112 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
7113 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
7114 av maskinvaren.</p>
7115
7116 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7117 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7118
7119 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
7120 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
7121 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
7122 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
7123 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
7124
7125       </div>
7126       <div class="tags">
7127
7128
7129         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7130
7131
7132       </div>
7133     </div>
7134     <div class="padding"></div>
7135
7136     <div class="entry">
7137       <div class="title">
7138         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
7139       </div>
7140       <div class="date">
7141         19th January 2011
7142       </div>
7143       <div class="body">
7144         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
7145 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
7146 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
7147 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
7148 Florø.</p>
7149
7150 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7151
7152 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
7153 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
7154 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
7155 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
7156 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
7157 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
7158
7159 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7160
7161 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
7162 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
7163 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
7164 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
7165
7166 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
7167 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
7168 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
7169 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
7170 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
7171 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
7172 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
7173 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
7174 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
7175 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
7176 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
7177 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
7178 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
7179 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
7180 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
7181
7182 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
7183 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
7184 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
7185
7186 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7187
7188 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
7189
7190 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
7191 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
7192 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
7193 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
7194 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
7195 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
7196
7197 <ul>
7198
7199 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
7200 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
7201 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
7202 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
7203
7204 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
7205 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
7206 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
7207 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
7208 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
7209 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
7210
7211 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
7212 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
7213 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
7214 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
7215
7216 </ul>
7217
7218 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
7219 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
7220 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
7221 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
7222 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
7223
7224 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7225
7226 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
7227 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
7228 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
7229 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
7230 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
7231
7232 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7233
7234 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
7235 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
7236 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
7237 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
7238 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
7239
7240 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7241 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7242
7243 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
7244 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
7245 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
7246 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
7247 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
7248 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
7249 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
7250
7251 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
7252 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
7253 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
7254 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
7255 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
7256 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
7257 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
7258 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
7259 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
7260 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
7261 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
7262 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
7263 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
7264 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
7265 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
7266 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
7267 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
7268
7269       </div>
7270       <div class="tags">
7271
7272
7273         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7274
7275
7276       </div>
7277     </div>
7278     <div class="padding"></div>
7279
7280     <div class="entry">
7281       <div class="title">
7282         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
7283       </div>
7284       <div class="date">
7285         16th January 2011
7286       </div>
7287       <div class="body">
7288         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
7289 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
7290 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
7291 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
7292
7293 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7294
7295 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
7296 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
7297 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
7298 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
7299 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
7300 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
7301 på skolen.</p>
7302
7303 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7304
7305 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
7306 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
7307 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
7308 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
7309 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
7310 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
7311
7312 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7313
7314 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
7315 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
7316 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
7317 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
7318 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
7319 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
7320 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
7321 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
7322 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
7323 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
7324 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
7325 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
7326
7327 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7328
7329 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
7330 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
7331 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
7332 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
7333 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
7334 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
7335 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
7336 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
7337 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
7338 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
7339 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
7340 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
7341
7342 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7343
7344 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
7345 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
7346 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
7347 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
7348 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
7349 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
7350 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
7351 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
7352 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
7353 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
7354 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
7355 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
7356
7357 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7358 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7359
7360 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
7361 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
7362 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
7363 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
7364 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
7365 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
7366 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
7367 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
7368 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
7369 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
7370 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
7371 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
7372 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
7373 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
7374 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
7375 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
7376
7377 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
7378 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
7379
7380       </div>
7381       <div class="tags">
7382
7383
7384         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7385
7386
7387       </div>
7388     </div>
7389     <div class="padding"></div>
7390
7391     <div class="entry">
7392       <div class="title">
7393         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
7394       </div>
7395       <div class="date">
7396         12th January 2011
7397       </div>
7398       <div class="body">
7399         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
7400 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
7401 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
7402 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
7403 Han er styremedlem i
7404 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
7405 FRISK</a>.</p>
7406
7407 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7408
7409 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
7410 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
7411 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
7412 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
7413 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
7414 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
7415
7416 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7417
7418 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
7419 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
7420
7421 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
7422 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
7423 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
7424 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
7425
7426 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
7427 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
7428 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
7429 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
7430 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
7431 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
7432 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
7433 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
7434 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
7435 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
7436 Kubuntu.</p>
7437
7438 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7439
7440 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
7441 enn for andre systemer.</p>
7442
7443 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7444
7445 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
7446 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
7447 plasser.</p>
7448
7449 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
7450 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
7451
7452 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
7453 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
7454 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
7455 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
7456
7457 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7458
7459 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
7460 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
7461 servere.</p>
7462
7463       </div>
7464       <div class="tags">
7465
7466
7467         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7468
7469
7470       </div>
7471     </div>
7472     <div class="padding"></div>
7473
7474     <div class="entry">
7475       <div class="title">
7476         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
7477       </div>
7478       <div class="date">
7479          9th January 2011
7480       </div>
7481       <div class="body">
7482         <p>Inspirert av
7483 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
7484 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
7485 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
7486 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
7487 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
7488 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
7489 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
7490 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
7491
7492 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
7493 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
7494 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
7495 alltid flere medlemmer, så
7496 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
7497 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
7498
7499 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7500
7501 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
7502 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
7503 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
7504
7505 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
7506 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
7507 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
7508 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
7509 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
7510 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
7511 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
7512 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
7513 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
7514
7515 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7516
7517 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
7518 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
7519 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
7520 2003.</p>
7521
7522 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
7523 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
7524 det selv.</p>
7525
7526 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
7527 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
7528 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
7529 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
7530 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
7531 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
7532 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
7533
7534 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7535
7536 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
7537 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
7538 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
7539 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
7540 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
7541
7542 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7543
7544 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
7545 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
7546
7547 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7548
7549 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
7550 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
7551 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
7552 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
7553
7554 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
7555 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
7556
7557 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
7558
7559 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
7560 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
7561 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
7562 å bli hektet :)</p>
7563
7564       </div>
7565       <div class="tags">
7566
7567
7568         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7569
7570
7571       </div>
7572     </div>
7573     <div class="padding"></div>
7574
7575     <div class="entry">
7576       <div class="title">
7577         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
7578       </div>
7579       <div class="date">
7580          4th January 2011
7581       </div>
7582       <div class="body">
7583         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
7584 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
7585 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
7586 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
7587 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
7588 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
7589
7590 <blockquote>
7591 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
7592 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
7593
7594 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
7595 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
7596 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
7597 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
7598
7599 <ul>
7600
7601 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
7602 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
7603 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
7604 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
7605 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
7606 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
7607 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
7608 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
7609 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
7610 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
7611 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
7612 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
7613 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
7614 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
7615
7616 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
7617 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
7618 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
7619 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
7620
7621 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
7622 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
7623 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
7624
7625 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
7626 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
7627 om.</li>
7628
7629 </ul>
7630
7631 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
7632 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
7633 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
7634 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
7635 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
7636 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
7637 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
7638
7639 <ul>
7640
7641 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
7642 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
7643 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
7644
7645 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
7646 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
7647 dette.</li>
7648
7649 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
7650 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
7651 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
7652 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
7653
7654 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
7655 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
7656 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
7657 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
7658
7659 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
7660
7661 </ul>
7662
7663 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
7664 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
7665 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
7666 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
7667 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
7668 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
7669
7670 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
7671 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
7672 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
7673 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
7674 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
7675 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
7676 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
7677 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
7678 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
7679 tilsidesette. </p>
7680
7681 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
7682 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
7683 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
7684
7685 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
7686 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
7687 her. </p>
7688
7689 <ul>
7690
7691 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
7692 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
7693 mulig.</li>
7694
7695 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
7696 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
7697 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
7698 skolene.</li>
7699
7700 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
7701 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
7702 perioder.</li>
7703
7704 </ul>
7705
7706 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
7707 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
7708 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
7709 rutine her nå. </p>
7710
7711 <ul>
7712
7713 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
7714 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
7715 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
7716 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
7717 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
7718 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
7719 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
7720 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
7721
7722 </ul>
7723
7724 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
7725
7726 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
7727 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
7728 </blockquote>
7729
7730 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
7731
7732 <blockquote>
7733 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
7734 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
7735
7736 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
7737 historien videre?</p>
7738
7739 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
7740 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
7741 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
7742 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
7743 </blockquote>
7744
7745 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
7746
7747 <blockquote>
7748 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
7749 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
7750
7751 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
7752 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
7753 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
7754 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
7755 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
7756 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
7757 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
7758 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
7759
7760 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
7761 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
7762 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
7763
7764 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
7765 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
7766 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
7767 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
7768 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
7769 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
7770 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
7771 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
7772 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
7773 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
7774
7775 <ul>
7776
7777 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
7778 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
7779 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
7780 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
7781 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
7782 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
7783 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
7784 bare en bonus. </li>
7785
7786 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
7787 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
7788 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
7789 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
7790 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
7791 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
7792 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
7793 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
7794 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
7795 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
7796 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
7797 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
7798 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
7799 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
7800 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
7801 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
7802 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
7803 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
7804 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
7805 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
7806 beste læremester. </li>
7807
7808 </ul>
7809
7810 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
7811 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
7812 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
7813 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
7814 ettertid.</p>
7815
7816 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
7817 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
7818 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
7819 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
7820 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
7821 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
7822 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
7823 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
7824 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
7825 jeg da lære?"</p>
7826
7827 </blockquote>
7828
7829 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
7830 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
7831 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
7832
7833       </div>
7834       <div class="tags">
7835
7836
7837         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7838
7839
7840       </div>
7841     </div>
7842     <div class="padding"></div>
7843
7844     <div class="entry">
7845       <div class="title">
7846         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
7847       </div>
7848       <div class="date">
7849         22nd December 2010
7850       </div>
7851       <div class="body">
7852         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
7853 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
7854 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
7855 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
7856 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
7857 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
7858 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
7859 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
7860 university.</p>
7861
7862 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
7863 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
7864 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
7865 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
7866 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
7867 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
7868 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
7869 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
7870
7871 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
7872 I perform on a new model.</p>
7873
7874 <ul>
7875
7876 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
7877 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
7878 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
7879
7880 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
7881 installation, X.org is working.</li>
7882
7883 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
7884 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
7885 reported by the program.</li>
7886
7887 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
7888 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
7889 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
7890 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
7891 normally test this by playing
7892 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
7893 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
7894
7895 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
7896 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
7897
7898 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
7899 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
7900
7901 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
7902 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
7903
7904 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
7905 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
7906 few.</li>
7907
7908 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
7909 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
7910 notice this.</li>
7911
7912 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
7913 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
7914 resume.</li>
7915
7916 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
7917 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
7918 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
7919 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
7920 not.</li>
7921
7922 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
7923 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
7924 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
7925 existence.</li>
7926
7927 </ul>
7928
7929 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
7930 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
7931 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
7932 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
7933 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
7934 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
7935 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
7936 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
7937
7938       </div>
7939       <div class="tags">
7940
7941
7942         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7943
7944
7945       </div>
7946     </div>
7947     <div class="padding"></div>
7948
7949     <div class="entry">
7950       <div class="title">
7951         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
7952       </div>
7953       <div class="date">
7954         29th November 2010
7955       </div>
7956       <div class="body">
7957         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
7958 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
7959 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
7960 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
7961 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
7962 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
7963
7964 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
7965 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
7966 will hold its
7967 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
7968 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
7969 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
7970 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
7971 vote this year.</p>
7972
7973       </div>
7974       <div class="tags">
7975
7976
7977         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
7978
7979
7980       </div>
7981     </div>
7982     <div class="padding"></div>
7983
7984     <div class="entry">
7985       <div class="title">
7986         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
7987       </div>
7988       <div class="date">
7989         27th November 2010
7990       </div>
7991       <div class="body">
7992         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
7993 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
7994 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
7995 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
7996 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
7997 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
7998 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
7999 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
8000
8001 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
8002 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
8003 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
8004 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
8005 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
8006 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
8007 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
8008 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
8009 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
8010 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
8011 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
8012
8013 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
8014 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
8015 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
8016 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
8017 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
8018 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
8019 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
8020 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
8021 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
8022 what is going on.</p>
8023
8024       </div>
8025       <div class="tags">
8026
8027
8028         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8029
8030
8031       </div>
8032     </div>
8033     <div class="padding"></div>
8034
8035     <div class="entry">
8036       <div class="title">
8037         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
8038       </div>
8039       <div class="date">
8040         22nd November 2010
8041       </div>
8042       <div class="body">
8043         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
8044 upgrade testing of the
8045 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
8046 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
8047 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
8048 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
8049
8050 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
8051
8052 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
8053
8054 <blockquote><p>
8055   apache2.2-bin
8056   aptdaemon
8057   baobab
8058   binfmt-support
8059   browser-plugin-gnash
8060   cheese-common
8061   cli-common
8062   cups-pk-helper
8063   dmz-cursor-theme
8064   empathy
8065   empathy-common
8066   freedesktop-sound-theme
8067   freeglut3
8068   gconf-defaults-service
8069   gdm-themes
8070   gedit-plugins
8071   geoclue
8072   geoclue-hostip
8073   geoclue-localnet
8074   geoclue-manual
8075   geoclue-yahoo
8076   gnash
8077   gnash-common
8078   gnome
8079   gnome-backgrounds
8080   gnome-cards-data
8081   gnome-codec-install
8082   gnome-core
8083   gnome-desktop-environment
8084   gnome-disk-utility
8085   gnome-screenshot
8086   gnome-search-tool
8087   gnome-session-canberra
8088   gnome-system-log
8089   gnome-themes-extras
8090   gnome-themes-more
8091   gnome-user-share
8092   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
8093   gstreamer0.10-tools
8094   gtk2-engines
8095   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
8096   gtk2-engines-smooth
8097   hamster-applet
8098   libapache2-mod-dnssd
8099   libapr1
8100   libaprutil1
8101   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
8102   libaprutil1-ldap
8103   libart2.0-cil
8104   libboost-date-time1.42.0
8105   libboost-python1.42.0
8106   libboost-thread1.42.0
8107   libchamplain-0.4-0
8108   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
8109   libcheese-gtk18
8110   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
8111   libcryptui0
8112   libdiscid0
8113   libelf1
8114   libepc-1.0-2
8115   libepc-common
8116   libepc-ui-1.0-2
8117   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
8118   libfreerdp0
8119   libgconf2.0-cil
8120   libgdata-common
8121   libgdata7
8122   libgdu-gtk0
8123   libgee2
8124   libgeoclue0
8125   libgexiv2-0
8126   libgif4
8127   libglade2.0-cil
8128   libglib2.0-cil
8129   libgmime2.4-cil
8130   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
8131   libgnome2.24-cil
8132   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
8133   libgpod-common
8134   libgpod4
8135   libgtk2.0-cil
8136   libgtkglext1
8137   libgtksourceview2.0-common
8138   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
8139   libmono-addins0.2-cil
8140   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
8141   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
8142   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
8143   libmono-posix2.0-cil
8144   libmono-security2.0-cil
8145   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
8146   libmono-system2.0-cil
8147   libmtp8
8148   libmusicbrainz3-6
8149   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
8150   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
8151   libopal3.6.8
8152   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
8153   libpt2.6.7
8154   libpython2.6
8155   librpm1
8156   librpmio1
8157   libsdl1.2debian
8158   libsrtp0
8159   libssh-4
8160   libtelepathy-farsight0
8161   libtelepathy-glib0
8162   libtidy-0.99-0
8163   media-player-info
8164   mesa-utils
8165   mono-2.0-gac
8166   mono-gac
8167   mono-runtime
8168   nautilus-sendto
8169   nautilus-sendto-empathy
8170   p7zip-full
8171   pkg-config
8172   python-aptdaemon
8173   python-aptdaemon-gtk
8174   python-axiom
8175   python-beautifulsoup
8176   python-bugbuddy
8177   python-clientform
8178   python-coherence
8179   python-configobj
8180   python-crypto
8181   python-cupshelpers
8182   python-elementtree
8183   python-epsilon
8184   python-evolution
8185   python-feedparser
8186   python-gdata
8187   python-gdbm
8188   python-gst0.10
8189   python-gtkglext1
8190   python-gtksourceview2
8191   python-httplib2
8192   python-louie
8193   python-mako
8194   python-markupsafe
8195   python-mechanize
8196   python-nevow
8197   python-notify
8198   python-opengl
8199   python-openssl
8200   python-pam
8201   python-pkg-resources
8202   python-pyasn1
8203   python-pysqlite2
8204   python-rdflib
8205   python-serial
8206   python-tagpy
8207   python-twisted-bin
8208   python-twisted-conch
8209   python-twisted-core
8210   python-twisted-web
8211   python-utidylib
8212   python-webkit
8213   python-xdg
8214   python-zope.interface
8215   remmina
8216   remmina-plugin-data
8217   remmina-plugin-rdp
8218   remmina-plugin-vnc
8219   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
8220   rhythmbox-plugins
8221   rpm-common
8222   rpm2cpio
8223   seahorse-plugins
8224   shotwell
8225   software-center
8226   system-config-printer-udev
8227   telepathy-gabble
8228   telepathy-mission-control-5
8229   telepathy-salut
8230   tomboy
8231   totem
8232   totem-coherence
8233   totem-mozilla
8234   totem-plugins
8235   transmission-common
8236   xdg-user-dirs
8237   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
8238   xserver-xephyr
8239 </p></blockquote>
8240
8241 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
8242
8243 <blockquote><p>
8244   cheese
8245   ekiga
8246   eog
8247   epiphany-extensions
8248   evolution-exchange
8249   fast-user-switch-applet
8250   file-roller
8251   gcalctool
8252   gconf-editor
8253   gdm
8254   gedit
8255   gedit-common
8256   gnome-games
8257   gnome-games-data
8258   gnome-nettool
8259   gnome-system-tools
8260   gnome-themes
8261   gnuchess
8262   gucharmap
8263   guile-1.8-libs
8264   libavahi-ui0
8265   libdmx1
8266   libgalago3
8267   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
8268   libgtksourceview2.0-0
8269   liblircclient0
8270   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
8271   libspeexdsp1
8272   libsvga1
8273   rhythmbox
8274   seahorse
8275   sound-juicer
8276   system-config-printer
8277   totem-common
8278   transmission-gtk
8279   vinagre
8280   vino
8281 </p></blockquote>
8282
8283 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
8284
8285 <blockquote><p>
8286   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
8287 </p></blockquote>
8288
8289 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
8290
8291 <blockquote><p>
8292 [nothing]
8293 </p></blockquote>
8294
8295 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
8296
8297 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
8298
8299 <blockquote><p>
8300   ksmserver
8301 </p></blockquote>
8302
8303 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
8304
8305 <blockquote><p>
8306   kwin
8307   network-manager-kde
8308 </p></blockquote>
8309
8310 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
8311
8312 <blockquote><p>
8313   arts
8314   dolphin
8315   freespacenotifier
8316   google-gadgets-gst
8317   google-gadgets-xul
8318   kappfinder
8319   kcalc
8320   kcharselect
8321   kde-core
8322   kde-plasma-desktop
8323   kde-standard
8324   kde-window-manager
8325   kdeartwork
8326   kdeartwork-emoticons
8327   kdeartwork-style
8328   kdeartwork-theme-icon
8329   kdebase
8330   kdebase-apps
8331   kdebase-workspace
8332   kdebase-workspace-bin
8333   kdebase-workspace-data
8334   kdeeject
8335   kdelibs
8336   kdeplasma-addons
8337   kdeutils
8338   kdewallpapers
8339   kdf
8340   kfloppy
8341   kgpg
8342   khelpcenter4
8343   kinfocenter
8344   konq-plugins-l10n
8345   konqueror-nsplugins
8346   kscreensaver
8347   kscreensaver-xsavers
8348   ktimer
8349   kwrite
8350   libgle3
8351   libkde4-ruby1.8
8352   libkonq5
8353   libkonq5-templates
8354   libnetpbm10
8355   libplasma-ruby
8356   libplasma-ruby1.8
8357   libqt4-ruby1.8
8358   marble-data
8359   marble-plugins
8360   netpbm
8361   nuvola-icon-theme
8362   plasma-dataengines-workspace
8363   plasma-desktop
8364   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
8365   plasma-runners-addons
8366   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
8367   plasma-scriptengine-python
8368   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
8369   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
8370   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
8371   plasma-scriptengines
8372   plasma-wallpapers-addons
8373   plasma-widget-folderview
8374   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
8375   ruby
8376   sweeper
8377   update-notifier-kde
8378   xscreensaver-data-extra
8379   xscreensaver-gl
8380   xscreensaver-gl-extra
8381   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
8382 </p></blockquote>
8383
8384 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
8385
8386 <blockquote><p>
8387   ark
8388   google-gadgets-common
8389   google-gadgets-qt
8390   htdig
8391   kate
8392   kdebase-bin
8393   kdebase-data
8394   kdepasswd
8395   kfind
8396   klipper
8397   konq-plugins
8398   konqueror
8399   ksysguard
8400   ksysguardd
8401   libarchive1
8402   libcln6
8403   libeet1
8404   libeina-svn-06
8405   libggadget-1.0-0b
8406   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
8407   libgps19
8408   libkdecorations4
8409   libkephal4
8410   libkonq4
8411   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
8412   libkscreensaver5
8413   libksgrd4
8414   libksignalplotter4
8415   libkunitconversion4
8416   libkwineffects1a
8417   libmarblewidget4
8418   libntrack-qt4-1
8419   libntrack0
8420   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
8421   libplasmaclock4a
8422   libplasmagenericshell4
8423   libprocesscore4a
8424   libprocessui4a
8425   libqalculate5
8426   libqedje0a
8427   libqtruby4shared2
8428   libqzion0a
8429   libruby1.8
8430   libscim8c2a
8431   libsmokekdecore4-3
8432   libsmokekdeui4-3
8433   libsmokekfile3
8434   libsmokekhtml3
8435   libsmokekio3
8436   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
8437   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
8438   libsmokekparts3
8439   libsmokektexteditor3
8440   libsmokekutils3
8441   libsmokenepomuk3
8442   libsmokephonon3
8443   libsmokeplasma3
8444   libsmokeqtcore4-3
8445   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
8446   libsmokeqtgui4-3
8447   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
8448   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
8449   libsmokeqtscript4-3
8450   libsmokeqtsql4-3
8451   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
8452   libsmokeqttest4-3
8453   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
8454   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
8455   libsmokeqtxml4-3
8456   libsmokesolid3
8457   libsmokesoprano3
8458   libtaskmanager4a
8459   libtidy-0.99-0
8460   libweather-ion4a
8461   libxklavier16
8462   libxxf86misc1
8463   okteta
8464   oxygencursors
8465   plasma-dataengines-addons
8466   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
8467   plasma-widget-lancelot
8468   plasma-widgets-addons
8469   plasma-widgets-workspace
8470   polkit-kde-1
8471   ruby1.8
8472   systemsettings
8473   update-notifier-common
8474 </p></blockquote>
8475
8476 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
8477 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
8478 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
8479 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
8480
8481       </div>
8482       <div class="tags">
8483
8484
8485         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8486
8487
8488       </div>
8489     </div>
8490     <div class="padding"></div>
8491
8492     <div class="entry">
8493       <div class="title">
8494         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
8495       </div>
8496       <div class="date">
8497         22nd November 2010
8498       </div>
8499       <div class="body">
8500         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
8501 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
8502 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
8503 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
8504 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
8505 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
8506 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
8507 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
8508 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
8509
8510 <p>I found
8511 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
8512 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
8513 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
8514 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
8515 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
8516 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
8517
8518 <pre>
8519 #!/bin/sh
8520
8521 # Based on
8522 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
8523
8524 set -e
8525 set -x
8526
8527 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
8528     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
8529     exit 1
8530 else
8531     host="$1"
8532 fi
8533
8534 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
8535     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
8536     exit 1
8537 fi
8538
8539 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
8540 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
8541 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
8542 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
8543
8544 img=$host.img
8545 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
8546 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
8547
8548 parted $img mklabel msdos
8549 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
8550 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
8551 parted $img set 1 boot on
8552
8553 modprobe dm-mod
8554 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
8555 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
8556
8557 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
8558 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
8559 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
8560
8561 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
8562 losetup -d /dev/loop0
8563 </pre>
8564
8565 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
8566 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
8567
8568 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
8569 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
8570 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
8571 seem to work just fine.</p>
8572
8573       </div>
8574       <div class="tags">
8575
8576
8577         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8578
8579
8580       </div>
8581     </div>
8582     <div class="padding"></div>
8583
8584     <div class="entry">
8585       <div class="title">
8586         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
8587       </div>
8588       <div class="date">
8589         20th November 2010
8590       </div>
8591       <div class="body">
8592         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
8593 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
8594 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
8595 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
8596
8597 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
8598 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
8599 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
8600
8601 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
8602
8603 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
8604
8605 <blockquote><p>
8606   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
8607   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
8608   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
8609   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
8610   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
8611   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
8612   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
8613   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
8614   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
8615   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
8616   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
8617   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
8618   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
8619   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
8620   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
8621   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
8622   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
8623   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
8624   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
8625   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
8626   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
8627   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
8628   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
8629   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
8630   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
8631   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
8632   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
8633   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
8634   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
8635   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
8636   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
8637   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
8638   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
8639   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
8640   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
8641   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
8642   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
8643   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
8644   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
8645   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
8646   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
8647   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
8648   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
8649   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
8650   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
8651   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
8652   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
8653   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
8654   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
8655   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
8656   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
8657   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
8658   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
8659   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
8660   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
8661   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
8662   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
8663   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
8664   zip
8665 </p></blockquote>
8666
8667 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
8668
8669 <blockquote><p>
8670   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
8671   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
8672   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
8673   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
8674   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
8675   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
8676   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
8677   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
8678   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
8679   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
8680   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
8681   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
8682   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
8683   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
8684   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
8685   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
8686   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
8687   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
8688   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
8689   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
8690   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
8691   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
8692   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
8693   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
8694   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
8695   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
8696   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
8697   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
8698   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
8699 </p></blockquote>
8700
8701 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
8702
8703 <blockquote><p>
8704   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
8705 </p></blockquote>
8706
8707 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
8708
8709 <blockquote><p>
8710 [nothing]
8711 </p></blockquote>
8712
8713 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
8714
8715 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
8716
8717 <blockquote><p>
8718   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
8719   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
8720   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
8721   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
8722   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
8723   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
8724   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
8725   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
8726   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
8727   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
8728   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
8729   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
8730   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
8731   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
8732   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
8733   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
8734   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
8735   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
8736   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
8737   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
8738   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
8739   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
8740   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
8741   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
8742   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
8743   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
8744   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
8745   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
8746   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
8747   ttf-sazanami-gothic
8748 </p></blockquote>
8749
8750 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
8751
8752 <blockquote><p>
8753   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
8754   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
8755   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
8756   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
8757   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
8758   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
8759   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
8760   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
8761   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
8762   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
8763   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
8764   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
8765   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
8766   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
8767   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
8768   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
8769   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
8770   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
8771   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
8772   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
8773   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
8774   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
8775   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
8776   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
8777   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
8778   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
8779   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
8780   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
8781   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
8782   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
8783   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
8784   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
8785   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
8786 </p></blockquote>
8787
8788 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
8789
8790 <blockquote><p>
8791   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
8792   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
8793   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
8794   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
8795   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
8796   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
8797   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
8798 </p></blockquote>
8799
8800 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
8801
8802 <blockquote><p>
8803   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
8804 </p></blockquote>
8805
8806       </div>
8807       <div class="tags">
8808
8809
8810         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8811
8812
8813       </div>
8814     </div>
8815     <div class="padding"></div>
8816
8817     <div class="entry">
8818       <div class="title">
8819         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
8820       </div>
8821       <div class="date">
8822         20th November 2010
8823       </div>
8824       <div class="body">
8825         <p>Answering
8826 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
8827 call from the Gnash project</a> for
8828 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
8829 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
8830 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
8831 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
8832 releases out more often.</p>
8833
8834 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
8835 I have considered setting up a <a
8836 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
8837 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
8838 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
8839 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
8840 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
8841 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
8842 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
8843 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
8844 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
8845 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
8846 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
8847 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
8848
8849       </div>
8850       <div class="tags">
8851
8852
8853         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8854
8855
8856       </div>
8857     </div>
8858     <div class="padding"></div>
8859
8860     <div class="entry">
8861       <div class="title">
8862         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
8863       </div>
8864       <div class="date">
8865          7th November 2010
8866       </div>
8867       <div class="body">
8868         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
8869 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
8870 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
8871 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
8872 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
8873 working using this DVD.</p>
8874
8875 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
8876 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
8877 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
8878 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
8879 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
8880 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
8881 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
8882
8883 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
8884 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
8885 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
8886 Debian archive.</p>
8887
8888 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
8889 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
8890 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
8891 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
8892 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
8893 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
8894 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
8895 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
8896 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
8897 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
8898 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
8899 free X driver should work.</p>
8900
8901 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
8902 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
8903 DVD more useful again.</p>
8904
8905       </div>
8906       <div class="tags">
8907
8908
8909         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8910
8911
8912       </div>
8913     </div>
8914     <div class="padding"></div>
8915
8916     <div class="entry">
8917       <div class="title">
8918         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
8919       </div>
8920       <div class="date">
8921         24th October 2010
8922       </div>
8923       <div class="body">
8924         <p>Some updates.</p>
8925
8926 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
8927 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
8928 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
8929 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
8930 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
8931 :)</p>
8932
8933 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
8934 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
8935 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
8936 It is called
8937 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
8938 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
8939 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
8940 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
8941 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
8942 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
8943
8944 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
8945 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
8946 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
8947 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
8948 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
8949 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
8950 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
8951 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
8952 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
8953 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
8954
8955       </div>
8956       <div class="tags">
8957
8958
8959         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
8960
8961
8962       </div>
8963     </div>
8964     <div class="padding"></div>
8965
8966     <div class="entry">
8967       <div class="title">
8968         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
8969       </div>
8970       <div class="date">
8971          4th September 2010
8972       </div>
8973       <div class="body">
8974         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
8975 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
8976 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
8977 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
8978 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
8979 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
8980 installed.</p>
8981
8982 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
8983 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
8984 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
8985 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
8986 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
8987 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
8988 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
8989 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
8990 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
8991
8992 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
8993 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
8994 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
8995 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
8996 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
8997 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
8998 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
8999 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
9000 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
9001 pages they want to visit.</p>
9002
9003 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
9004 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
9005 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
9006 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
9007 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
9008 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
9009 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
9010 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
9011 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
9012 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
9013 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
9014
9015       </div>
9016       <div class="tags">
9017
9018
9019         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
9020
9021
9022       </div>
9023     </div>
9024     <div class="padding"></div>
9025
9026     <div class="entry">
9027       <div class="title">
9028         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
9029       </div>
9030       <div class="date">
9031         30th August 2010
9032       </div>
9033       <div class="body">
9034         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
9035 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
9036 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
9037 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
9038 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
9039 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
9040 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
9041
9042 <pre>
9043 % ln foo bar
9044 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
9045 %
9046 </pre>
9047
9048 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
9049 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
9050 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
9051 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
9052 nevertheless. :)</p>
9053
9054 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
9055 git from
9056 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
9057
9058       </div>
9059       <div class="tags">
9060
9061
9062         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9063
9064
9065       </div>
9066     </div>
9067     <div class="padding"></div>
9068
9069     <div class="entry">
9070       <div class="title">
9071         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
9072       </div>
9073       <div class="date">
9074         26th August 2010
9075       </div>
9076       <div class="body">
9077         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
9078 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
9079 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
9080 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
9081 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
9082 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
9083 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
9084 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
9085 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
9086 Løsningen leveres av
9087 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
9088 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
9089 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
9090 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
9091 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
9092 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
9093 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
9094 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
9095 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
9096
9097       </div>
9098       <div class="tags">
9099
9100
9101         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9102
9103
9104       </div>
9105     </div>
9106     <div class="padding"></div>
9107
9108     <div class="entry">
9109       <div class="title">
9110         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
9111       </div>
9112       <div class="date">
9113         26th August 2010
9114       </div>
9115       <div class="body">
9116         <p>My file system sematics program
9117 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
9118 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
9119 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
9120 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
9121 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
9122 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
9123 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
9124 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
9125 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
9126 script:</p>
9127
9128 <pre>
9129 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
9130   mode_t retval = 0;
9131   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
9132   if (-1 != fd) {
9133     unlink(name);
9134     struct stat statbuf;
9135     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
9136       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
9137     }
9138     close(fd);
9139   }
9140   return retval;
9141 }
9142
9143 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
9144 int test_umask(void) {
9145   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
9146
9147   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
9148   mode_t newmode;
9149   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
9150     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
9151            newmode);
9152   }
9153   umask(007);
9154   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
9155     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
9156            newmode);
9157   }
9158
9159   umask (orig_umask);
9160   return 0;
9161 }
9162
9163 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
9164   [...]
9165   test_umask();
9166   return 0;
9167 }
9168 </pre>
9169
9170 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
9171
9172 <pre>
9173 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
9174 info: testing symlink creation
9175 info: testing subdirectory creation
9176 info: testing fcntl locking
9177   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9178   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9179   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
9180   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9181   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9182   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
9183 info: testing umask effect on file creation
9184 </pre>
9185
9186 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
9187 result:</p>
9188
9189 <pre>
9190 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
9191 info: testing symlink creation
9192 info: testing subdirectory creation
9193 info: testing fcntl locking
9194   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9195   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9196   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
9197   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9198   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9199   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
9200 info: testing umask effect on file creation
9201   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
9202   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
9203 </pre>
9204
9205 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
9206 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
9207 directory.</p>
9208
9209 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
9210 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
9211
9212 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
9213 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
9214 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
9215
9216       </div>
9217       <div class="tags">
9218
9219
9220         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9221
9222
9223       </div>
9224     </div>
9225     <div class="padding"></div>
9226
9227     <div class="entry">
9228       <div class="title">
9229         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
9230       </div>
9231       <div class="date">
9232          9th August 2010
9233       </div>
9234       <div class="body">
9235         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
9236 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
9237 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
9238 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
9239 generated configuration.</p>
9240
9241 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
9242 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
9243 without any manual configuration.</p>
9244
9245 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
9246 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
9247 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
9248 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
9249 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
9250 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
9251 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
9252 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
9253 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
9254 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
9255 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
9256 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
9257 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
9258 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
9259 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
9260 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
9261 use.</p>
9262
9263 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
9264 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
9265 working properly out of the box:</p>
9266
9267 <ul>
9268 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
9269 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
9270 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
9271 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
9272 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
9273 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
9274 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
9275 </ul>
9276
9277 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
9278
9279 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
9280 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
9281 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
9282 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
9283 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
9284
9285 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
9286 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
9287 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
9288 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
9289 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
9290 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
9291 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
9292 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
9293
9294 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
9295 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
9296 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
9297 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
9298 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
9299 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
9300 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
9301 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
9302 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
9303 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
9304 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
9305 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
9306 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
9307 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
9308 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
9309 current DNS domain is used.</p>
9310
9311 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
9312 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
9313 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
9314 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
9315 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
9316 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
9317 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
9318 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
9319 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
9320 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
9321 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
9322 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
9323 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
9324
9325 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
9326 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
9327 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
9328 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
9329 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
9330 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
9331 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
9332 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
9333 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
9334 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
9335 do for now. :)</p>
9336
9337 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
9338 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
9339 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
9340 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
9341 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
9342 yet.</p>
9343
9344 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
9345 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
9346
9347 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
9348 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
9349 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
9350 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
9351
9352       </div>
9353       <div class="tags">
9354
9355
9356         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9357
9358
9359       </div>
9360     </div>
9361     <div class="padding"></div>
9362
9363     <div class="entry">
9364       <div class="title">
9365         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
9366       </div>
9367       <div class="date">
9368          8th August 2010
9369       </div>
9370       <div class="body">
9371         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
9372 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
9373 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
9374 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
9375 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
9376 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
9377 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
9378
9379 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
9380 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
9381 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
9382 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
9383 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
9384 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
9385 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
9386
9387 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
9388 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
9389 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
9390 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
9391 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
9392
9393 <pre>
9394 /*
9395  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
9396  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
9397  * directory.
9398  * License: GPL v2 or later
9399  *
9400  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
9401  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
9402 */
9403
9404 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
9405 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
9406 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
9407
9408 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
9409
9410 #include &lt;errno.h>
9411 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
9412 #include &lt;stdio.h>
9413 #include &lt;string.h>
9414 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
9415 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
9416 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
9417 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
9418 #include &lt;unistd.h>
9419
9420 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
9421 /*
9422  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
9423  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
9424  * below.
9425  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
9426  */
9427 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
9428 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
9429   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
9430 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
9431   char *zErrMsg;
9432   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
9433   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
9434   unlink(name);
9435   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
9436   if( rc ){
9437     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
9438     sqlite3_close(db);
9439     return -1;
9440   }
9441
9442   /* create tables */
9443   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
9444   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
9445     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
9446     sqlite3_close(db);
9447     return -1;
9448   }
9449   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
9450   sqlite3_close(db);
9451   return 0;
9452 }
9453 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
9454
9455 /*
9456  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
9457  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
9458  * done in the sqlite3 library.
9459  * See also
9460  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
9461  * POSIX specification
9462  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
9463  */
9464 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
9465   struct flock fl;
9466   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
9467   unlink(name);
9468   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
9469   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
9470
9471   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
9472   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
9473   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
9474   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
9475   fl.l_len    = 1;
9476   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
9477   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9478
9479   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
9480   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
9481   fl.l_len    = 510;
9482   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
9483   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9484
9485   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
9486   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
9487   fl.l_len    = 1;
9488   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
9489   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9490
9491   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
9492   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
9493   fl.l_len    = 1;
9494   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
9495   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9496
9497   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
9498   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
9499   fl.l_len    = 510;
9500   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9501
9502   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
9503   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
9504   fl.l_len    = 2;
9505   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
9506   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9507
9508   close(fd);
9509   return 0;
9510 }
9511
9512 /*
9513  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
9514  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
9515  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
9516  * slowing down file operations.
9517  */
9518 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
9519 #define LEVELS 5
9520   char *path = strdup("test");
9521   char *dirs[LEVELS];
9522   int level;
9523   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
9524   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
9525     char *newpath = NULL;
9526     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
9527       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
9528              path, strerror(errno));
9529       break;
9530     }
9531     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
9532     free(path);
9533     path = newpath;
9534   }
9535   return 0;
9536 }
9537
9538 /*
9539  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
9540  * KDE.
9541  */
9542 int test_symlinks(void) {
9543   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
9544   unlink("symlink");
9545   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
9546     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
9547   return 0;
9548 }
9549
9550 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
9551   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
9552   test_symlinks();
9553   test_subdirectory_creation();
9554 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
9555   test_sqlite_open();
9556 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
9557   test_gcompris_locking();
9558   return 0;
9559 }
9560 </pre>
9561
9562 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
9563 this:</p>
9564
9565 <pre>
9566 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
9567 info: testing symlink creation
9568 info: testing subdirectory creation
9569 info: sqlite worked
9570 info: testing fcntl locking
9571   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9572   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9573   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
9574   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9575   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9576   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
9577 </pre>
9578
9579 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
9580 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
9581 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
9582 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
9583 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
9584 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
9585 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
9586 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
9587
9588 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
9589 it. :)</p>
9590
9591 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
9592 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
9593 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
9594
9595       </div>
9596       <div class="tags">
9597
9598
9599         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9600
9601
9602       </div>
9603     </div>
9604     <div class="padding"></div>
9605
9606     <div class="entry">
9607       <div class="title">
9608         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
9609       </div>
9610       <div class="date">
9611          7th August 2010
9612       </div>
9613       <div class="body">
9614         <p>A few days ago, I
9615 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
9616 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
9617 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
9618 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
9619 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
9620 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
9621 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
9622 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
9623 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
9624
9625 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
9626 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
9627 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
9628 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
9629 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
9630 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
9631 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
9632 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
9633 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
9634 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
9635 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
9636 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
9637 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
9638 gave it a IP address.</p>
9639
9640 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
9641 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
9642 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
9643 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
9644 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
9645 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
9646 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
9647 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
9648
9649 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
9650 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
9651 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
9652 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
9653 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
9654 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
9655
9656 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
9657 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
9658 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
9659 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
9660 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
9661 with UID and GID values.</p>
9662
9663 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
9664 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
9665
9666       </div>
9667       <div class="tags">
9668
9669
9670         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9671
9672
9673       </div>
9674     </div>
9675     <div class="padding"></div>
9676
9677     <div class="entry">
9678       <div class="title">
9679         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
9680       </div>
9681       <div class="date">
9682          3rd August 2010
9683       </div>
9684       <div class="body">
9685         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
9686 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
9687 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
9688 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
9689 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
9690 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
9691 servers.</p>
9692
9693 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
9694 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
9695 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
9696 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
9697 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
9698 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
9699 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
9700 .uio.no.</p>
9701
9702 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
9703 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
9704 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
9705 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
9706 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
9707 university servers.</p>
9708
9709 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
9710 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
9711 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
9712 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
9713 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
9714 uses.</p>
9715
9716       </div>
9717       <div class="tags">
9718
9719
9720         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9721
9722
9723       </div>
9724     </div>
9725     <div class="padding"></div>
9726
9727     <div class="entry">
9728       <div class="title">
9729         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
9730       </div>
9731       <div class="date">
9732         27th July 2010
9733       </div>
9734       <div class="body">
9735         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
9736 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
9737 completed.</p>
9738
9739 <blockquote>
9740 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
9741 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
9742 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
9743 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
9744 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
9745 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
9746 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
9747 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
9748
9749 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
9750 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
9751 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
9752
9753 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
9754 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
9755 much.</p>
9756
9757 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
9758
9759 <ul>
9760 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
9761 <ul>
9762   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
9763          combination with some new artwork
9764   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
9765   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
9766   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
9767   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
9768   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
9769   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
9770   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
9771   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
9772   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
9773 </ul></li>
9774 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
9775     Enabled for:
9776 <ul>
9777   <li>PAM
9778   <li>LDAP
9779   <li>IMAP
9780   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
9781 </ul>
9782 </li>
9783 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
9784 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
9785     fetched from LDAP.</li>
9786 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
9787 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
9788 </ul>
9789 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
9790
9791 <ul>
9792 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
9793     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
9794     for testing.</li>
9795 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
9796     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
9797     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
9798 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
9799 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
9800 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
9801 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
9802     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
9803 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
9804     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
9805     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
9806 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
9807     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
9808     and help out with translations.</li>
9809 </ul>
9810
9811 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
9812
9813 <ul>
9814 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
9815 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
9816 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
9817 </ul>
9818 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
9819
9820 <ul>
9821 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
9822 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
9823 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
9824 </ul>
9825
9826 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
9827 get closer to the final release.</p>
9828
9829 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
9830
9831 <ul>
9832 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
9833 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
9834 </ul>
9835
9836 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
9837 <ul>
9838 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
9839 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
9840 </ul>
9841 <p>How to report bugs:
9842 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
9843
9844 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
9845 </blockquote>
9846
9847       </div>
9848       <div class="tags">
9849
9850
9851         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9852
9853
9854       </div>
9855     </div>
9856     <div class="padding"></div>
9857
9858     <div class="entry">
9859       <div class="title">
9860         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
9861       </div>
9862       <div class="date">
9863         25th July 2010
9864       </div>
9865       <div class="body">
9866         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
9867 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
9868 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
9869 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
9870 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
9871
9872 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
9873 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
9874 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
9875 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
9876 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
9877 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
9878 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
9879
9880 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
9881 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
9882 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
9883 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
9884 up. :)</p>
9885
9886 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
9887 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
9888 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
9889
9890 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
9891 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
9892 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
9893 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
9894 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
9895 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
9896 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
9897 release another day.</p>
9898
9899 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
9900 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
9901
9902       </div>
9903       <div class="tags">
9904
9905
9906         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
9907
9908
9909       </div>
9910     </div>
9911     <div class="padding"></div>
9912
9913     <div class="entry">
9914       <div class="title">
9915         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
9916       </div>
9917       <div class="date">
9918         17th July 2010
9919       </div>
9920       <div class="body">
9921         <p>This is a
9922 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
9923 on my
9924 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
9925 work</a> on
9926 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
9927 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
9928
9929 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
9930 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
9931 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
9932 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
9933
9934 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
9935 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
9936 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
9937
9938 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
9939
9940 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
9941 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
9942 the web.
9943
9944 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
9945 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
9946 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
9947 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
9948 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
9949 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
9950
9951 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
9952 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
9953 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
9954 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
9955 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
9956 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
9957 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
9958 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
9959 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
9960 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
9961 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
9962 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
9963 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
9964 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
9965 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
9966 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
9967
9968 <blockquote><pre>
9969 ldapsearch -h ldap \
9970   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
9971   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
9972   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
9973   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
9974   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
9975   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
9976
9977 ldapsearch -h ldap \
9978   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
9979   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
9980   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
9981   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
9982   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
9983 </pre></blockquote>
9984
9985 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
9986 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
9987 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
9988 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9989 also exist.</p>
9990
9991 <blockquote><pre>
9992 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
9993 objectclass: top
9994 objectclass: dnsdomain
9995 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
9996 dc: tjener
9997 arecord: 10.0.2.2
9998 associateddomain: tjener.intern
9999
10000 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10001 objectclass: top
10002 objectclass: dnsdomain2
10003 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
10004 dc: 2
10005 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
10006 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
10007 </pre></blockquote>
10008
10009 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
10010 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
10011 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
10012 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
10013 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
10014 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
10015 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
10016 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
10017 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
10018 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
10019 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
10020 instead.</p>
10021
10022 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
10023 like this:</p>
10024
10025 <blockquote><pre>
10026 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
10027   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
10028   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
10029   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
10030   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
10031   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
10032
10033 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
10034   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
10035 </pre></blockquote>
10036
10037 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
10038 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
10039 reverse lookups.</p>
10040
10041 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
10042 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
10043 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
10044 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
10045
10046 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
10047 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
10048 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
10049
10050 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
10051 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
10052 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
10053 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
10054 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
10055
10056 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
10057 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
10058 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
10059 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
10060 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
10061
10062 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
10063 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
10064 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
10065 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
10066 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
10067 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
10068
10069 <blockquote><pre>
10070 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
10071     SUP top
10072     AUXILIARY
10073     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
10074           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
10075           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
10076           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
10077           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
10078     ))
10079 </pre></blockquote>
10080
10081 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
10082 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
10083 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
10084 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
10085 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
10086 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
10087
10088 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
10089
10090 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
10091 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
10092 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
10093 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
10094 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
10095
10096 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
10097 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
10098 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
10099 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
10100
10101 <blockquote><pre>
10102 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
10103 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
10104 </pre></blockquote>
10105
10106 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
10107 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
10108 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
10109 search result is this entry:</p>
10110
10111 <blockquote><pre>
10112 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10113 cn: dhcp
10114 objectClass: top
10115 objectClass: dhcpServer
10116 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10117 </pre></blockquote>
10118
10119 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
10120 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
10121 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
10122 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
10123 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
10124 The search result is this entry:</p>
10125
10126 <blockquote><pre>
10127 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10128 cn: DHCP Config
10129 objectClass: top
10130 objectClass: dhcpService
10131 objectClass: dhcpOptions
10132 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10133 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
10134 dhcpStatements: authoritative
10135 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
10136 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
10137 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
10138 </pre></blockquote>
10139
10140 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
10141 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
10142 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
10143 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
10144 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
10145 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
10146 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
10147 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
10148 related computer objects.</p>
10149
10150 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
10151 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
10152 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
10153 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
10154 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
10155 like:</p>
10156
10157 <blockquote><pre>
10158 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10159 cn: hostname
10160 objectClass: top
10161 objectClass: dhcpHost
10162 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
10163 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
10164 </pre></blockquote>
10165
10166 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
10167 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
10168 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
10169 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
10170 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
10171 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
10172 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
10173 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
10174 structural object class.
10175
10176 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
10177
10178 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
10179 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
10180 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
10181 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
10182 in the configuration.</p>
10183
10184 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
10185 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
10186 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
10187 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
10188 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
10189 structure.</p>
10190
10191 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
10192 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
10193
10194 <blockquote><pre>
10195 ou=services
10196   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
10197     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
10198     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
10199       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
10200         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
10201     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
10202       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
10203         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
10204     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
10205       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
10206 </pre></blockquote>
10207
10208 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
10209 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
10210 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
10211 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
10212
10213 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
10214 like this:</p>
10215
10216 <blockquote><pre>
10217 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10218 dc: hostname
10219 objectClass: top
10220 objectClass: dhcpHost
10221 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
10222 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
10223 associateddomain: hostname.intern
10224 arecord: 10.11.12.13
10225 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
10226 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
10227 </pre></blockquote>
10228
10229 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
10230 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
10231 auxiliary object class.</p>
10232
10233       </div>
10234       <div class="tags">
10235
10236
10237         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10238
10239
10240       </div>
10241     </div>
10242     <div class="padding"></div>
10243
10244     <div class="entry">
10245       <div class="title">
10246         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
10247       </div>
10248       <div class="date">
10249         14th July 2010
10250       </div>
10251       <div class="body">
10252         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
10253 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
10254 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
10255 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
10256 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
10257
10258 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
10259 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
10260
10261 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
10262 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
10263 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
10264 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
10265 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
10266 to a slave DNS server.</p>
10267
10268 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
10269 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
10270 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
10271 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
10272 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
10273 seem to work.</p>
10274
10275 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
10276 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
10277 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
10278 this:</p>
10279
10280 <blockquote><pre>
10281   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10282   cn: hostname
10283   objectClass: dhcphost
10284   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
10285   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
10286   associateddomain: hostname.intern
10287   arecord: 10.11.12.13
10288   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
10289   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
10290   ldapconfigsound: Y
10291 </pre></blockquote>
10292
10293 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
10294 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
10295 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
10296 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
10297
10298 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
10299 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
10300 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
10301 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
10302 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
10303 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
10304 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
10305 might be a good place to put it.</p>
10306
10307 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
10308 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10309
10310       </div>
10311       <div class="tags">
10312
10313
10314         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10315
10316
10317       </div>
10318     </div>
10319     <div class="padding"></div>
10320
10321     <div class="entry">
10322       <div class="title">
10323         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
10324       </div>
10325       <div class="date">
10326         11th July 2010
10327       </div>
10328       <div class="body">
10329         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
10330 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
10331 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
10332 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
10333
10334 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
10335 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
10336 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
10337 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
10338 LTSP clients.</p>
10339
10340 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
10341 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
10342 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
10343
10344 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
10345 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
10346 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
10347
10348 <blockquote><pre>
10349 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
10350 #
10351 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
10352 #
10353 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
10354 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
10355 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
10356 #
10357 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
10358 # existence of attribute names.
10359 #
10360 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
10361 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
10362 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
10363 #
10364 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
10365 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
10366 #
10367 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
10368 #     SUP top
10369 #     AUXILIARY
10370 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
10371
10372 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
10373 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
10374     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
10375     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
10376         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
10377         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
10378             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
10379             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
10380             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
10381             # bass value on to clients
10382             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
10383         done
10384     done
10385 fi
10386 </pre></blockquote>
10387
10388 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
10389 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
10390 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
10391 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
10392 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
10393
10394 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
10395 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10396
10397 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
10398 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
10399 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
10400 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
10401 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
10402 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
10403
10404       </div>
10405       <div class="tags">
10406
10407
10408         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10409
10410
10411       </div>
10412     </div>
10413     <div class="padding"></div>
10414
10415     <div class="entry">
10416       <div class="title">
10417         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
10418       </div>
10419       <div class="date">
10420          9th July 2010
10421       </div>
10422       <div class="body">
10423         <p>Since
10424 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
10425 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
10426 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
10427 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
10428 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
10429 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
10430 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
10431 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
10432 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
10433 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
10434 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
10435 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
10436 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
10437
10438       </div>
10439       <div class="tags">
10440
10441
10442         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10443
10444
10445       </div>
10446     </div>
10447     <div class="padding"></div>
10448
10449     <div class="entry">
10450       <div class="title">
10451         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
10452       </div>
10453       <div class="date">
10454          3rd July 2010
10455       </div>
10456       <div class="body">
10457         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
10458 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
10459 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
10460 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
10461 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
10462 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
10463 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
10464 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
10465
10466 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
10467 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
10468 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
10469 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
10470 publish the difference.</p>
10471
10472 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10473
10474 <blockquote><p>
10475   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10476   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
10477   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
10478   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
10479   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
10480   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
10481   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
10482   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
10483 </p></blockquote>
10484
10485 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10486
10487 <blockquote><p>
10488   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
10489   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
10490   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
10491   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
10492   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
10493   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
10494   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
10495   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
10496   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10497   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
10498   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
10499   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
10500   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
10501   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
10502   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
10503   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
10504   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
10505   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
10506   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
10507   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
10508 </p></blockquote>
10509
10510 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10511
10512 <blockquote><p>
10513   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
10514   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
10515   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
10516   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
10517   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
10518   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
10519   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
10520   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
10521   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
10522   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
10523   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
10524   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
10525   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
10526   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
10527   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
10528   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
10529   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
10530   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
10531   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
10532   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
10533   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
10534 </p></blockquote>
10535
10536 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10537
10538 <blockquote><p>
10539   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
10540   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
10541   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
10542 </p></blockquote>
10543
10544 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
10545 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
10546 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
10547 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
10548 the difference somewhat.
10549
10550       </div>
10551       <div class="tags">
10552
10553
10554         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10555
10556
10557       </div>
10558     </div>
10559     <div class="padding"></div>
10560
10561     <div class="entry">
10562       <div class="title">
10563         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
10564       </div>
10565       <div class="date">
10566          1st July 2010
10567       </div>
10568       <div class="body">
10569         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
10570 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
10571 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
10572 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
10573 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
10574 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
10575 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
10576 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
10577 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
10578
10579 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
10580
10581 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
10582 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
10583 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
10584 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
10585 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
10586 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
10587 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
10588 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
10589 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
10590 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
10591 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
10592 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
10593 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
10594 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
10595 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
10596
10597 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
10598
10599 <blockquote><pre>
10600 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
10601 </pre></blockquote>
10602
10603 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
10604 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
10605 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
10606 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
10607 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
10608 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
10609 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
10610 on how to get this working.</p>
10611
10612 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
10613 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
10614 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
10615 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
10616 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
10617 instructions I found in the
10618 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
10619 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
10620
10621 <blockquote><pre>
10622         debug-level             0
10623         reload-count            unlimited
10624         paranoia                no
10625
10626         enable-cache            passwd          yes
10627         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
10628         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
10629         suggested-size          passwd          211
10630         check-files             passwd          yes
10631         persistent              passwd          yes
10632         shared                  passwd          yes
10633         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
10634         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
10635
10636         enable-cache            group           yes
10637         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
10638         negative-time-to-live   group           20
10639         suggested-size          group           211
10640         check-files             group           yes
10641         persistent              group           yes
10642         shared                  group           yes
10643         max-db-size             group           33554432
10644         auto-propagate          group           yes
10645
10646         enable-cache            hosts           no
10647         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
10648         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
10649         suggested-size          hosts           211
10650         check-files             hosts           yes
10651         persistent              hosts           yes
10652         shared                  hosts           yes
10653         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
10654
10655         enable-cache            services        yes
10656         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
10657         negative-time-to-live   services        20
10658         suggested-size          services        211
10659         check-files             services        yes
10660         persistent              services        yes
10661         shared                  services        yes
10662         max-db-size             services        33554432
10663 </pre></blockquote>
10664
10665 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
10666 automatically like the one provided in
10667 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
10668 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
10669 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
10670 look like this:</p>
10671
10672 <blockquote><pre>
10673 passwd:         files ldap
10674 group:          files ldap
10675 shadow:         files ldap
10676 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
10677 networks:       files
10678 protocols:      files
10679 services:       files
10680 ethers:         files
10681 rpc:            files
10682 netgroup:       files ldap
10683 </pre></blockquote>
10684
10685 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
10686 shadow and netgroup.</p>
10687
10688 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
10689 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
10690 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
10691 attributes cached.
10692
10693 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
10694   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
10695
10696 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
10697 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
10698 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
10699 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
10700 discovered sssd.</p>
10701
10702 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
10703
10704 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
10705 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
10706 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
10707 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
10708 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
10709 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
10710 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
10711 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
10712 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
10713 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
10714 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
10715 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
10716 version 1.2 is now in testing.
10717
10718 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
10719 roaming setup I want</p>
10720
10721 <blockquote><pre>
10722 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
10723 </pre></blockquote>
10724
10725 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
10726 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
10727
10728 <blockquote><pre>
10729 [sssd]
10730 config_file_version = 2
10731 reconnection_retries = 3
10732 sbus_timeout = 30
10733 services = nss, pam
10734 domains = INTERN
10735
10736 [nss]
10737 filter_groups = root
10738 filter_users = root
10739 reconnection_retries = 3
10740
10741 [pam]
10742 reconnection_retries = 3
10743
10744 [domain/INTERN]
10745 enumerate = false
10746 cache_credentials = true
10747
10748 id_provider = ldap
10749 auth_provider = ldap
10750 chpass_provider = ldap
10751
10752 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
10753 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10754 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
10755 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
10756 </pre></blockquote>
10757
10758 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
10759 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
10760
10761 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
10762 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
10763 modify it manually.</p>
10764
10765 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
10766 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10767
10768       </div>
10769       <div class="tags">
10770
10771
10772         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10773
10774
10775       </div>
10776     </div>
10777     <div class="padding"></div>
10778
10779     <div class="entry">
10780       <div class="title">
10781         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
10782       </div>
10783       <div class="date">
10784         28th June 2010
10785       </div>
10786       <div class="body">
10787         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
10788 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
10789 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
10790 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
10791 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
10792 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
10793 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
10794 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
10795 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
10796 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
10797
10798 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
10799 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
10800 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
10801 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
10802 released.</p>
10803
10804 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
10805 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
10806 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
10807 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
10808
10809 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
10810 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10811
10812 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
10813 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
10814 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
10815 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
10816 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
10817
10818       </div>
10819       <div class="tags">
10820
10821
10822         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10823
10824
10825       </div>
10826     </div>
10827     <div class="padding"></div>
10828
10829     <div class="entry">
10830       <div class="title">
10831         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
10832       </div>
10833       <div class="date">
10834         24th June 2010
10835       </div>
10836       <div class="body">
10837         <p>A while back, I
10838 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
10839 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
10840 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
10841 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
10842
10843 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
10844 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
10845 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
10846 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
10847
10848 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
10849 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
10850 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
10851 Debian Edu.</p>
10852
10853 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
10854 the
10855 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
10856 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
10857 available today from IETF.</p>
10858
10859 <pre>
10860 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
10861 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
10862 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
10863  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
10864         NAME 'dhcpHost'
10865         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
10866 -       SUP top
10867 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
10868         MUST cn
10869         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
10870         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
10871 </pre>
10872
10873 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
10874 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
10875 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
10876
10877 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
10878 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10879
10880       </div>
10881       <div class="tags">
10882
10883
10884         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10885
10886
10887       </div>
10888     </div>
10889     <div class="padding"></div>
10890
10891     <div class="entry">
10892       <div class="title">
10893         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
10894       </div>
10895       <div class="date">
10896         13th June 2010
10897       </div>
10898       <div class="body">
10899         <p>My
10900 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
10901 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
10902 finally made the upgrade logs available from
10903 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
10904 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
10905 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
10906 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
10907
10908 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
10909 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
10910 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
10911 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
10912 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
10913 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
10914 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
10915 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
10916
10917 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
10918 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
10919 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
10920 too surprising.</p>
10921
10922 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
10923 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
10924 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
10925 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
10926 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
10927 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
10928 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
10929 continue.</p>
10930
10931 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
10932 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
10933   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
10934   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
10935   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
10936   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
10937   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
10938   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
10939   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
10940   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
10941   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
10942   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
10943   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
10944   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
10945   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
10946   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
10947   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
10948   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
10949   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
10950   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
10951   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
10952   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
10953   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
10954   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
10955   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
10956   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
10957   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
10958   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
10959   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
10960   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
10961
10962 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
10963
10964 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
10965   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
10966   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
10967   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
10968   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
10969   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
10970   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
10971   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
10972   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
10973   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
10974   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10975   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
10976   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
10977   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
10978   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
10979   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
10980   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
10981   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
10982   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
10983   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
10984   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
10985   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
10986   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
10987   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
10988   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
10989   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
10990   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
10991   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
10992   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
10993   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
10994   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
10995   zip</p>
10996
10997 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
10998
10999 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
11000   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
11001   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
11002   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
11003   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
11004   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
11005   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
11006   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
11007   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
11008   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
11009   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
11010   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
11011   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
11012   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
11013   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11014   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
11015   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
11016   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
11017   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
11018   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
11019   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
11020   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
11021   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
11022   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
11023   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
11024   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
11025   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
11026   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
11027
11028 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
11029 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
11030   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
11031   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
11032   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
11033   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
11034   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
11035   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
11036   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
11037   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
11038   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
11039   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
11040   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
11041   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
11042   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
11043   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
11044   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
11045   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
11046   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
11047   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
11048   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
11049   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
11050   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
11051   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
11052   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
11053   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
11054   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
11055   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
11056   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
11057   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
11058   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
11059   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
11060   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
11061   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
11062   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
11063   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11064   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
11065   xulrunner-1.9</p>
11066
11067
11068       </div>
11069       <div class="tags">
11070
11071
11072         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11073
11074
11075       </div>
11076     </div>
11077     <div class="padding"></div>
11078
11079     <div class="entry">
11080       <div class="title">
11081         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
11082       </div>
11083       <div class="date">
11084         11th June 2010
11085       </div>
11086       <div class="body">
11087         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
11088 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
11089 have been discovered and reported in the process
11090 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
11091 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
11092 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
11093 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
11094 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
11095
11096 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
11097 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
11098 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
11099 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
11100 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
11101 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
11102
11103 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
11104 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
11105 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
11106 is created.  The bug report
11107 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
11108 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
11109 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
11110 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
11111 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
11112 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
11113 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
11114 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
11115 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
11116 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
11117 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
11118 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
11119 Debian Squeeze.</p>
11120
11121 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
11122 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
11123 trick:</p>
11124
11125 <blockquote><pre>
11126 #!/bin/sh
11127 set -ex
11128
11129 if [ "$1" ] ; then
11130     desktop=$1
11131 else
11132     desktop=gnome
11133 fi
11134
11135 from=lenny
11136 to=squeeze
11137
11138 exec &lt; /dev/null
11139 unset LANG
11140 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
11141 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
11142 fuser -mv .
11143 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
11144 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
11145 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
11146 #!/bin/sh
11147 exit 101
11148 EOF
11149 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
11150 exit_cleanup() {
11151     umount $tmpdir/proc
11152 }
11153 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
11154 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
11155 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
11156
11157 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
11158
11159 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
11160 # to return the correct answers.
11161 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
11162     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
11163
11164 # Include the desktop and laptop task
11165 for test in desktop laptop ; do
11166     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
11167 #!/bin/sh
11168 exit 2
11169 EOF
11170     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
11171 done
11172
11173 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
11174 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
11175 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
11176 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
11177
11178 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
11179 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
11180 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
11181 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
11182 fuser -mv
11183 </pre></blockquote>
11184
11185 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
11186 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
11187 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
11188 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
11189 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
11190 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
11191
11192 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
11193 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
11194 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
11195 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
11196 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
11197 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
11198 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
11199
11200 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
11201 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
11202 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
11203 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
11204 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
11205 packages.</p>
11206
11207       </div>
11208       <div class="tags">
11209
11210
11211         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11212
11213
11214       </div>
11215     </div>
11216     <div class="padding"></div>
11217
11218     <div class="entry">
11219       <div class="title">
11220         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
11221       </div>
11222       <div class="date">
11223          9th June 2010
11224       </div>
11225       <div class="body">
11226         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
11227 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
11228 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
11229 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
11230 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
11231 blygsel:</p>
11232
11233 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
11234 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
11235 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
11236 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
11237 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
11238 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
11239
11240 <p>En <a
11241 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
11242 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
11243 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
11244 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
11245 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
11246 nettet sendte meg til
11247 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
11248 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
11249
11250 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
11251 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
11252 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
11253 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
11254 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
11255
11256 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
11257 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
11258 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
11259 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
11260 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
11261 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
11262 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
11263 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
11264 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
11265
11266 <blockquote>
11267 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
11268 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
11269 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
11270 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
11271 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
11272 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
11273 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
11274 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
11275
11276 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
11277 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
11278 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
11279 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
11280 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
11281 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
11282 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
11283 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
11284 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
11285 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
11286
11287 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
11288 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
11289 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
11290 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
11291
11292 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
11293 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
11294 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
11295 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
11296 arbeid.</p>
11297 </blockquote>
11298
11299 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
11300 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
11301 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
11302 minner.</p>
11303
11304       </div>
11305       <div class="tags">
11306
11307
11308         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11309
11310
11311       </div>
11312     </div>
11313     <div class="padding"></div>
11314
11315     <div class="entry">
11316       <div class="title">
11317         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
11318       </div>
11319       <div class="date">
11320          6th June 2010
11321       </div>
11322       <div class="body">
11323         <p>Via the
11324 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
11325 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
11326 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
11327 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
11328 following the standards wars of today.</p>
11329
11330       </div>
11331       <div class="tags">
11332
11333
11334         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
11335
11336
11337       </div>
11338     </div>
11339     <div class="padding"></div>
11340
11341     <div class="entry">
11342       <div class="title">
11343         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
11344       </div>
11345       <div class="date">
11346          3rd June 2010
11347       </div>
11348       <div class="body">
11349         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
11350 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
11351 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
11352 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
11353 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
11354
11355 <blockquote><pre>
11356 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
11357   vendor                    count
11358   Dell Computer Corporation     1
11359     PowerEdge 1750              1
11360   IBM                           1
11361     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
11362   Intel                         2
11363   [no-dmi-info]                 3
11364 maintainer:~#
11365 </pre></blockquote>
11366
11367 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
11368 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
11369 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
11370 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
11371 option to list the individual machines.</p>
11372
11373 <p>A larger list is
11374 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
11375 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
11376 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
11377 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
11378 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
11379 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
11380 collector.</p>
11381
11382       </div>
11383       <div class="tags">
11384
11385
11386         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
11387
11388
11389       </div>
11390     </div>
11391     <div class="padding"></div>
11392
11393     <div class="entry">
11394       <div class="title">
11395         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
11396       </div>
11397       <div class="date">
11398          1st June 2010
11399       </div>
11400       <div class="body">
11401         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
11402 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
11403 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
11404 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
11405 wait.</p>
11406
11407 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
11408 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
11409 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
11410 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
11411 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
11412 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
11413
11414 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
11415 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
11416 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
11417 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
11418 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
11419 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
11420 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
11421 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
11422
11423 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
11424
11425       </div>
11426       <div class="tags">
11427
11428
11429         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11430
11431
11432       </div>
11433     </div>
11434     <div class="padding"></div>
11435
11436     <div class="entry">
11437       <div class="title">
11438         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
11439       </div>
11440       <div class="date">
11441         27th May 2010
11442       </div>
11443       <div class="body">
11444         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
11445 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
11446 issues are known and should be solved:
11447
11448 <p><ul>
11449
11450 <li>The wicd package seen to
11451 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
11452 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
11453 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
11454 seem to be on the case.</li>
11455
11456 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
11457 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
11458 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
11459 maintainer is on the case.</li>
11460
11461 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
11462 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
11463 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
11464 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
11465 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
11466 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
11467 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
11468 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
11469
11470 </ul></p>
11471
11472 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
11473 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
11474 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
11475 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
11476
11477 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
11478 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
11479 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
11480 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
11481
11482 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
11483
11484       </div>
11485       <div class="tags">
11486
11487
11488         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11489
11490
11491       </div>
11492     </div>
11493     <div class="padding"></div>
11494
11495     <div class="entry">
11496       <div class="title">
11497         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
11498       </div>
11499       <div class="date">
11500         22nd May 2010
11501       </div>
11502       <div class="body">
11503         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
11504 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
11505 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
11506 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
11507
11508 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
11509 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
11510 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
11511 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
11512 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
11513 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
11514 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
11515 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
11516 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
11517 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
11518 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
11519 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
11520 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
11521 going to work.</p>
11522
11523 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
11524 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
11525 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
11526 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
11527 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
11528 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
11529 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
11530 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
11531 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
11532 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
11533 Edu.</p>
11534
11535 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
11536 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
11537 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
11538 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
11539 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
11540 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
11541
11542 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
11543 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
11544
11545       </div>
11546       <div class="tags">
11547
11548
11549         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11550
11551
11552       </div>
11553     </div>
11554     <div class="padding"></div>
11555
11556     <div class="entry">
11557       <div class="title">
11558         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
11559       </div>
11560       <div class="date">
11561         19th May 2010
11562       </div>
11563       <div class="body">
11564         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
11565 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
11566 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
11567 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
11568 into unstable.  The
11569 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
11570 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
11571 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
11572 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
11573 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
11574 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
11575 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
11576
11577 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
11578 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
11579 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
11580 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
11581 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
11582 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
11583 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
11584 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
11585
11586 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
11587 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
11588 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
11589 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
11590 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
11591 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
11592 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
11593
11594 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
11595 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
11596 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
11597 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
11598 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
11599 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
11600 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
11601 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
11602 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
11603 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
11604 on the home directory servers.</p>
11605
11606 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
11607 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
11608 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
11609 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
11610 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
11611 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
11612
11613 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11614 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11615
11616       </div>
11617       <div class="tags">
11618
11619
11620         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11621
11622
11623       </div>
11624     </div>
11625     <div class="padding"></div>
11626
11627     <div class="entry">
11628       <div class="title">
11629         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
11630       </div>
11631       <div class="date">
11632         14th May 2010
11633       </div>
11634       <div class="body">
11635         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
11636 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
11637 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
11638 expected, if I am to believe the
11639 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
11640 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
11641 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
11642 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
11643 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
11644 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
11645 version.</p>
11646
11647 More information about
11648 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
11649 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
11650 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
11651 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
11652
11653 <blockquote><pre>
11654 CONCURRENCY=none
11655 </pre></blockquote>
11656
11657 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
11658 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
11659 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
11660 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
11661
11662       </div>
11663       <div class="tags">
11664
11665
11666         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11667
11668
11669       </div>
11670     </div>
11671     <div class="padding"></div>
11672
11673     <div class="entry">
11674       <div class="title">
11675         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
11676       </div>
11677       <div class="date">
11678         14th May 2010
11679       </div>
11680       <div class="body">
11681         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
11682 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
11683 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
11684 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
11685 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
11686 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
11687 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
11688 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
11689
11690 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
11691 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
11692 this on the collector host:</p>
11693
11694 <blockquote><pre>
11695 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
11696 </pre></blockquote>
11697
11698 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
11699 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
11700
11701 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
11702 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
11703 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
11704 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
11705 written yet.</p>
11706
11707       </div>
11708       <div class="tags">
11709
11710
11711         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
11712
11713
11714       </div>
11715     </div>
11716     <div class="padding"></div>
11717
11718     <div class="entry">
11719       <div class="title">
11720         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
11721       </div>
11722       <div class="date">
11723          2nd May 2010
11724       </div>
11725       <div class="body">
11726         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
11727 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
11728 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
11729
11730 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
11731 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
11732 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
11733 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
11734 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
11735
11736 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
11737 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
11738
11739 <blockquote><pre>
11740 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
11741 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
11742 Password expires                                        : never
11743 Password inactive                                       : never
11744 Account expires                                         : never
11745 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
11746 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
11747 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
11748 root@tjener:~#
11749 </pre></blockquote>
11750
11751 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
11752 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
11753 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
11754 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
11755 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
11756 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
11757
11758 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
11759 intended:</p>
11760
11761 <blockquote><pre>
11762 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
11763 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
11764 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
11765 Password expires                                        : never
11766 Password inactive                                       : never
11767 Account expires                                         : never
11768 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
11769 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
11770 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
11771 root@tjener:~#
11772 </pre></blockquote>
11773
11774 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
11775 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
11776 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
11777
11778 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
11779 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
11780
11781 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
11782 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11783
11784 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
11785 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
11786 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
11787 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
11788 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
11789 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
11790 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
11791
11792 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
11793 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
11794 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
11795 change.</p>
11796
11797       </div>
11798       <div class="tags">
11799
11800
11801         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
11802
11803
11804       </div>
11805     </div>
11806     <div class="padding"></div>
11807
11808     <div class="entry">
11809       <div class="title">
11810         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
11811       </div>
11812       <div class="date">
11813         28th April 2010
11814       </div>
11815       <div class="body">
11816         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
11817 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
11818 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
11819 and go.</p>
11820
11821 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
11822 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
11823 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
11824 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
11825
11826 <ul>
11827
11828  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
11829    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
11830    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
11831    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
11832    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
11833    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
11834    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
11835    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
11836    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
11837    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
11838    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
11839    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
11840
11841  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
11842    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
11843    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
11844    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
11845    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
11846    or the Fedora developed
11847    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
11848    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
11849
11850  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
11851    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
11852    directory, using unison.</li>
11853
11854  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
11855    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
11856    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
11857    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
11858    implemented.</li>
11859
11860  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
11861    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
11862
11863  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
11864    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
11865    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
11866
11867 </ul>
11868
11869 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
11870 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
11871 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
11872 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
11873 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
11874 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
11875 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
11876 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
11877 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
11878
11879 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11880 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11881
11882       </div>
11883       <div class="tags">
11884
11885
11886         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11887
11888
11889       </div>
11890     </div>
11891     <div class="padding"></div>
11892
11893     <div class="entry">
11894       <div class="title">
11895         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
11896       </div>
11897       <div class="date">
11898         14th April 2010
11899       </div>
11900       <div class="body">
11901         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
11902 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
11903 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
11904 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
11905 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
11906 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
11907 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
11908 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
11909 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
11910
11911 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
11912 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
11913 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
11914 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
11915 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
11916
11917 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
11918 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
11919
11920 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
11921 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
11922 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
11923 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
11924 to work properly.</p>
11925
11926 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
11927 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
11928 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
11929 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
11930 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
11931 time.</p>
11932
11933 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
11934 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
11935 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
11936 up in a few days.</p>
11937
11938       </div>
11939       <div class="tags">
11940
11941
11942         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11943
11944
11945       </div>
11946     </div>
11947     <div class="padding"></div>
11948
11949     <div class="entry">
11950       <div class="title">
11951         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
11952       </div>
11953       <div class="date">
11954          6th March 2010
11955       </div>
11956       <div class="body">
11957         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
11958 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
11959 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
11960 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
11961 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
11962 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
11963
11964 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
11965 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
11966 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
11967 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
11968
11969 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
11970 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
11971 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
11972 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
11973 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
11974 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
11975
11976       </div>
11977       <div class="tags">
11978
11979
11980         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11981
11982
11983       </div>
11984     </div>
11985     <div class="padding"></div>
11986
11987     <div class="entry">
11988       <div class="title">
11989         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
11990       </div>
11991       <div class="date">
11992         11th February 2010
11993       </div>
11994       <div class="body">
11995         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
11996 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
11997 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
11998 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
11999 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
12000 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
12001 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
12002
12003 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
12004
12005 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
12006 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
12007 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
12008 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
12009
12010       </div>
12011       <div class="tags">
12012
12013
12014         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12015
12016
12017       </div>
12018     </div>
12019     <div class="padding"></div>
12020
12021     <div class="entry">
12022       <div class="title">
12023         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
12024       </div>
12025       <div class="date">
12026         27th January 2010
12027       </div>
12028       <div class="body">
12029         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
12030 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
12031 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
12032 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
12033 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
12034 further.</p>
12035
12036 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
12037 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
12038 configured to be a server for the
12039 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
12040 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
12041 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
12042 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
12043 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
12044 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
12045 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
12046 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
12047 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
12048 and Nagios configuration.</p>
12049
12050 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
12051 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
12052 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
12053 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
12054
12055 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
12056 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
12057 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
12058 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
12059 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
12060 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
12061 the machine.</p>
12062
12063 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
12064 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
12065 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
12066 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
12067
12068 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
12069 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
12070 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
12071 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
12072 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
12073 everything is taken care of.</p>
12074
12075       </div>
12076       <div class="tags">
12077
12078
12079         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
12080
12081
12082       </div>
12083     </div>
12084     <div class="padding"></div>
12085
12086     <div class="entry">
12087       <div class="title">
12088         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
12089       </div>
12090       <div class="date">
12091         17th December 2009
12092       </div>
12093       <div class="body">
12094         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
12095 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
12096 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
12097 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
12098 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
12099 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
12100 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
12101 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
12102 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
12103 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
12104 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
12105 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
12106 til å arrangere
12107 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
12108 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
12109 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
12110 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
12111 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
12112 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
12113 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
12114 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
12115 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
12116 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
12117 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
12118 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
12119 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
12120 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
12121 Resten er historie. :)</p>
12122
12123       </div>
12124       <div class="tags">
12125
12126
12127         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12128
12129
12130       </div>
12131     </div>
12132     <div class="padding"></div>
12133
12134     <div class="entry">
12135       <div class="title">
12136         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
12137       </div>
12138       <div class="date">
12139          2nd November 2009
12140       </div>
12141       <div class="body">
12142         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
12143 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
12144 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
12145 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
12146 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
12147 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
12148 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
12149 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
12150 hjertelig velkommen til
12151 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
12152 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
12153
12154 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
12155 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
12156 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
12157 GNU.</blockquote>
12158
12159       </div>
12160       <div class="tags">
12161
12162
12163         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
12164
12165
12166       </div>
12167     </div>
12168     <div class="padding"></div>
12169
12170     <div class="entry">
12171       <div class="title">
12172         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
12173       </div>
12174       <div class="date">
12175         29th March 2009
12176       </div>
12177       <div class="body">
12178         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
12179 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
12180 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
12181 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
12182 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
12183 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
12184 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
12185 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
12186 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
12187 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
12188 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
12189 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
12190 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
12191 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
12192 now. :)</p>
12193
12194       </div>
12195       <div class="tags">
12196
12197
12198         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12199
12200
12201       </div>
12202     </div>
12203     <div class="padding"></div>
12204
12205     <div class="entry">
12206       <div class="title">
12207         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
12208       </div>
12209       <div class="date">
12210         29th March 2009
12211       </div>
12212       <div class="body">
12213         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
12214 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
12215 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
12216 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
12217 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
12218 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
12219
12220 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
12221 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
12222 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
12223 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
12224 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
12225 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
12226 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
12227 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
12228 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
12229 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
12230 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
12231 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
12232 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
12233
12234 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
12235 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
12236 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
12237 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
12238
12239 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
12240 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
12241
12242 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
12243 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
12244 new IETF work group?</p>
12245
12246       </div>
12247       <div class="tags">
12248
12249
12250         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12251
12252
12253       </div>
12254     </div>
12255     <div class="padding"></div>
12256
12257     <div class="entry">
12258       <div class="title">
12259         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
12260       </div>
12261       <div class="date">
12262         15th February 2009
12263       </div>
12264       <div class="body">
12265         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
12266 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
12267 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
12268 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
12269 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
12270 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
12271 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
12272 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
12273 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
12274 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
12275 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
12276 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
12277
12278       </div>
12279       <div class="tags">
12280
12281
12282         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
12283
12284
12285       </div>
12286     </div>
12287     <div class="padding"></div>
12288
12289     <div class="entry">
12290       <div class="title">
12291         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
12292       </div>
12293       <div class="date">
12294         26th December 2008
12295       </div>
12296       <div class="body">
12297         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
12298 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
12299 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
12300 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
12301 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
12302 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
12303 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
12304 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
12305 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
12306 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
12307 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
12308 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
12309 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
12310 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
12311
12312 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
12313 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
12314 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
12315 og
12316 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
12317 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
12318 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
12319 stavekontrollen.</p>
12320
12321       </div>
12322       <div class="tags">
12323
12324
12325         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
12326
12327
12328       </div>
12329     </div>
12330     <div class="padding"></div>
12331
12332     <div class="entry">
12333       <div class="title">
12334         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
12335       </div>
12336       <div class="date">
12337          7th December 2008
12338       </div>
12339       <div class="body">
12340         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
12341 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
12342 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
12343 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
12344 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
12345 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
12346 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
12347 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
12348
12349 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
12350 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
12351 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
12352 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
12353 of these cards.</p>
12354
12355       </div>
12356       <div class="tags">
12357
12358
12359         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
12360
12361
12362       </div>
12363     </div>
12364     <div class="padding"></div>
12365
12366     <div class="entry">
12367       <div class="title">
12368         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
12369       </div>
12370       <div class="date">
12371         25th November 2008
12372       </div>
12373       <div class="body">
12374         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
12375 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
12376 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
12377 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
12378 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
12379 notes are available on
12380 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
12381 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
12382 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
12383 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
12384 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
12385 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
12386 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
12387 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
12388 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
12389
12390 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
12391 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
12392
12393       </div>
12394       <div class="tags">
12395
12396
12397         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
12398
12399
12400       </div>
12401     </div>
12402     <div class="padding"></div>
12403
12404     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
12405     <div id="sidebar">
12406
12407
12408
12409 <h2>Archive</h2>
12410 <ul>
12411
12412 <li>2013
12413 <ul>
12414
12415 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
12416
12417 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
12418
12419 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
12420
12421 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
12422
12423 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
12424
12425 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
12426
12427 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (4)</a></li>
12428
12429 </ul></li>
12430
12431 <li>2012
12432 <ul>
12433
12434 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
12435
12436 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
12437
12438 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
12439
12440 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
12441
12442 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
12443
12444 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
12445
12446 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
12447
12448 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
12449
12450 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
12451
12452 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
12453
12454 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
12455
12456 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
12457
12458 </ul></li>
12459
12460 <li>2011
12461 <ul>
12462
12463 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
12464
12465 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
12466
12467 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
12468
12469 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
12470
12471 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
12472
12473 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
12474
12475 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
12476
12477 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
12478
12479 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
12480
12481 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
12482
12483 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
12484
12485 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
12486
12487 </ul></li>
12488
12489 <li>2010
12490 <ul>
12491
12492 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
12493
12494 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
12495
12496 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
12497
12498 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
12499
12500 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
12501
12502 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
12503
12504 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
12505
12506 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
12507
12508 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
12509
12510 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
12511
12512 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
12513
12514 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
12515
12516 </ul></li>
12517
12518 <li>2009
12519 <ul>
12520
12521 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
12522
12523 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
12524
12525 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
12526
12527 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
12528
12529 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
12530
12531 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
12532
12533 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
12534
12535 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
12536
12537 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
12538
12539 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
12540
12541 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
12542
12543 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
12544
12545 </ul></li>
12546
12547 <li>2008
12548 <ul>
12549
12550 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
12551
12552 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
12553
12554 </ul></li>
12555
12556 </ul>
12557
12558
12559
12560 <h2>Tags</h2>
12561 <ul>
12562
12563  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
12564
12565  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
12566
12567  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
12568
12569  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
12570
12571  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (7)</a></li>
12572
12573  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (12)</a></li>
12574
12575  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
12576
12577  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (81)</a></li>
12578
12579  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (137)</a></li>
12580
12581  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
12582
12583  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (9)</a></li>
12584
12585  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
12586
12587  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (207)</a></li>
12588
12589  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
12590
12591  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
12592
12593  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (11)</a></li>
12594
12595  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
12596
12597  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (37)</a></li>
12598
12599  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (7)</a></li>
12600
12601  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
12602
12603  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
12604
12605  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
12606
12607  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
12608
12609  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
12610
12611  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (234)</a></li>
12612
12613  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (153)</a></li>
12614
12615  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (8)</a></li>
12616
12617  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
12618
12619  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (44)</a></li>
12620
12621  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (65)</a></li>
12622
12623  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
12624
12625  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
12626
12627  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
12628
12629  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (7)</a></li>
12630
12631  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
12632
12633  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
12634
12635  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
12636
12637  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (29)</a></li>
12638
12639  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
12640
12641  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
12642
12643  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (43)</a></li>
12644
12645  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
12646
12647  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (7)</a></li>
12648
12649  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (15)</a></li>
12650
12651  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
12652
12653  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (7)</a></li>
12654
12655  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (38)</a></li>
12656
12657  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
12658
12659  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (26)</a></li>
12660
12661 </ul>
12662
12663
12664     </div>
12665     <p style="text-align: right">
12666  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
12667 </p>
12668
12669   </body>
12670 </html>