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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21
  22     <div class="entry">
  23       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a></div>
  24       <div class="date">14th March 2014</div>
  25       <div class="body"><p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
  26 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
  27 in Debian Edu / Skolelinux, is to update the automount rules in LDAP
  28 and let the automount daemon on the clients take care of the rest.  I
  29 was reminded about the need to document this better when one of the
  30 customers of <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>,
  31 where I am on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The
  32 steps to get this working are the following:</p>
  33
  34 <p><ol>
  35
  36 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
  37 example host here.</li>
  38
  39 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
  40 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
  41
  42 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
  43 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
  44
  45 </ol></p>
  46
  47 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
  48 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
  49 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section etting
  50 started).</p>
  51
  52 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
  53 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
  54
  55 <p><blockquote><pre>
  56 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
  57 Export list for nas-server:
  58 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
  59 root@tjener:~#
  60 </pre></blockquote></p>
  61
  62 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
  63 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
  64 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
  65 NFS access.</p>
  66
  67 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
  68 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
  69 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
  70
  71 <p><blockquote><pre>
  72 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  73 </pre></blockquote></p>
  74
  75 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
  76 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
  77 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
  78 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
  79
  80 <p><blockquote><pre>
  81 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  82 objectClass: automount
  83 cn: nas-server
  84 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  85
  86 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  87 objectClass: top
  88 objectClass: automountMap
  89 ou: auto.nas-server
  90
  91 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
  92 objectClass: automount
  93 cn: /
  94 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
  95 </pre></blockquote></p>
  96
  97 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
  98 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
  99 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
 100
 101 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
 102 the storage server directly by just visiting the
 103 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
 104 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
 105 </div>
 106       <div class="tags">
 107
 108
 109         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
 110
 111
 112       </div>
 113     </div>
 114     <div class="padding"></div>
 115
 116     <div class="entry">
 117       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_b_r_RFC_822_formattert_epost_lagres_i_en_NOARK5_database_.html">Hvordan bør RFC 822-formattert epost lagres i en NOARK5-database?</a></div>
 118       <div class="date"> 7th March 2014</div>
 119       <div class="body"><p>For noen uker siden ble NXCs fri programvarelisenserte
 120 NOARK5-løsning
 121 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20140211-noark/">presentert hos
 122 NUUG</a> (video
 123 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JCb_dNS3MHQ">på youtube
 124 foreløbig</a>), og det fikk meg til å titte litt mer på NOARK5,
 125 standarden for arkivhåndtering i det offentlige Norge.  Jeg lurer på
 126 om denne kjernen kan være nyttig i et par av mine prosjekter, og for ett
 127 av dem er det mest aktuelt å lagre epost.  Jeg klarte ikke finne noen
 128 anbefaling om hvordan RFC 822-formattert epost (aka Internett-epost)
 129 burde lagres i NOARK5, selv om jeg vet at noen arkiver tar
 130 PDF-utskrift av eposten med sitt epostprogram og så arkiverer PDF-en
 131 (eller enda værre, tar papirutskrift og lagrer bildet av eposten som
 132 PDF i arkivet).</p>
 133
 134 <p>Det er ikke så mange formater som er akseptert av riksarkivet til
 135 langtidsoppbevaring av offentlige arkiver, og PDF og XML er de mest
 136 aktuelle i så måte.  Det slo meg at det måtte da finnes en eller annen
 137 egnet XML-representasjon og at det kanskje var enighet om hvilken som
 138 burde brukes, så jeg tok mot til meg og spurte
 139 <a href="http://samdok.com/">SAMDOK</a>, en gruppe tilknyttet
 140 arkivverket som ser ut til å jobbe med NOARK-samhandling, om de hadde
 141 noen anbefalinger:
 142
 143 <p><blockquote>
 144 <p>Hei.</p>
 145
 146 <p>Usikker på om dette er riktig forum å ta opp mitt spørsmål, men jeg
 147 lurer på om det er definert en anbefaling om hvordan RFC
 148 822-formatterte epost (aka vanlig Internet-epost) bør lages håndteres
 149 i NOARK5, slik at en bevarer all informasjon i eposten
 150 (f.eks. Received-linjer).  Finnes det en anbefalt XML-mapping ala den
 151 som beskrives på
 152 &lt;URL: <a href="https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=32074">https://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=32074</a> &gt;?  Mitt
 153 mål er at det skal være mulig å lagre eposten i en NOARK5-kjerne og
 154 kunne få ut en identisk formattert kopi av opprinnelig epost ved
 155 behov.</p>
 156 </blockquote></p>
 157
 158 <p>Postmottaker hos SAMDOK mente spørsmålet heller burde stilles
 159 direkte til riksarkivet, og jeg fikk i dag svar derfra formulert av
 160 seniorrådgiver Geir Ivar Tungesvik:</p>
 161
 162 <p><blockquote>
 163 <p>Riksarkivet har ingen anbefalinger når det gjelder konvertering fra
 164 e-post til XML.  Det står arkivskaper fritt å eventuelt definere/bruke
 165 eget format.  Inklusive da - som det spørres om - et format der det er
 166 mulig å re-etablere e-post format ut fra XML-en.  XML (e-post)
 167 dokumenter må være referert i arkivstrukturen, og det må vedlegges et
 168 gyldig XML skjema (.xsd) for XML-filene. Arkivskaper står altså fritt
 169 til å gjøre hva de vil, bare det dokumenteres og det kan dannes et
 170 utrekk ved avlevering til depot.</p>
 171
 172 <p>De obligatoriske kravene i Noark 5 standarden må altså oppfylles -
 173 etter dialog med Riksarkivet i forbindelse med godkjenning. For
 174 offentlige arkiv er det særlig viktig med filene loependeJournal.xml
 175 og offentligJournal.xml. Private arkiv som vil forholde seg til Noark
 176 5 standarden er selvsagt frie til å bruke det som er relevant for dem
 177 av obligatoriske krav.</p>
 178 </blockquote></p>
 179
 180 <p>Det ser dermed ut for meg som om det er et lite behov for å
 181 standardisere XML-lagring av RFC-822-formatterte meldinger.  Noen som
 182 vet om god spesifikasjon i så måte?  I tillegg til den omtalt over,
 183 har jeg kommet over flere aktuelle beskrivelser (søk på "rfc 822
 184 xml", så finner du aktuelle alternativer).</p>
 185
 186 <ul>
 187
 188 <li><a href="http://www.openhealth.org/xmtp/">XML MIME Transformation
 189 protocol (XMTP)</a> fra OpenHealth, sist oppdatert 2001.</li>
 190
 191 <li><a href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-klyne-message-rfc822-xml-03">An
 192 XML format for mail and other messages</a> utkast fra IETF datert
 193 2001.</li>
 194
 195 <li><a href="http://www.informit.com/articles/article.aspx?p=32074">xMail:
 196 E-mail as XML</a> en artikkel fra 2003 som beskriver python-modulen
 197 rfc822 som gir ut XML-representasjon av en RFC 822-formattert epost.</li>
 198
 199 </ul>
 200
 201 <p>Finnes det andre og bedre spesifikasjoner for slik lagring?  Send
 202 meg en epost hvis du har innspill.</p>
 203 </div>
 204       <div class="tags">
 205
 206
 207         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn</a>.
 208
 209
 210       </div>
 211     </div>
 212     <div class="padding"></div>
 213
 214     <div class="entry">
 215       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenker_for_2014_02_28.html">Lenker for 2014-02-28</a></div>
 216       <div class="date">28th February 2014</div>
 217       <div class="body"><p>Her er noen lenker til tekster jeg har satt pris på å lese de siste
 218 månedene.  Det er mye om varsleren Edward Snowden, som burde få all
 219 hjelp, støtte og beskyttelse Norge kan stille opp med for å ha satt
 220 totalitær overvåkning på sakskartet, men også endel annet
 221 tankevekkende og interessant.</p>
 222
 223 <ul>
 224
 225 <li>2013-12-21
 226 <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/21/nyheter/thomas_drake/nsa/overvakning/snowden/30925886/">-
 227 NSA tenker som Stasi</a> - Dagbladet.no</li>
 228
 229 <li>2013-12-19 <a href="http://www.dagensit.no/article2732734.ece">-
 230 Staten har ikke rett til å vite alt om deg</a> - DN.no</li>
 231
 232 <li>2013-12-21
 233 <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/21/nyheter/krig_og_konflikter/politikk/utenriks/30961126/">Nye
 234 mål for NSAs spionasje avslørt</a> - Dagbladet.no</li>
 235
 236 <li>2013-12-19
 237 <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/19/nyheter/nsa/usa/politikk/barack_obama/30918684/">«NSA
 238 bør fjernes fra sin makt til å samle inn metadata fra amerikanske
 239 telefonsamtaler»</a> - Dagbladet.no</li>
 240
 241 <li>2013-12-18
 242 <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/18/kultur/meninger/hovedkronikk/debatt/snowden/30901089/">Etterretning,
 243 overvåking, frihet og sikkerhet</a> - Dagbladet.no</li>
 244
 245 <li>2013-12-17
 246 <a href="http://www.nrk.no/verden/snowden-vil-ha-asyl-i-brasil-1.11423444">Snowden
 247 angriper USA i åpent brev</a> - nrk.no</li>
 248
 249 <li>2013-12-17
 250 <a href="http://www.digi.no/925820/rettslig-nederlag-for-etterretning">Rettslig
 251 nederlag for etterretning</a> - digi.no</li>
 252
 253 <li>2013-12-21
 254 <a href="http://www.dagbladet.no/2013/12/21/kultur/meninger/hovedkommentar/kommentar/etterretning/30963284/">Truende
 255 nedkjøling</a> - dagbladet.no</li>
 256
 257 <li>2013-12-20
 258 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/Matematikk-og-forstaelse-7411849.html">Matematikk
 259 og forståelse</a> - aftenposten.no</li>
 260
 261 <li>2013-10-20
 262 <a href="http://www.nrk.no/viten/ny-studie_sovn-reinser-hjernen-var-1.11306106">Vi
 263 søv for å reinse hjernen vår, ifølgje ny studie</a> - nrk.no</li>
 264
 265 <li>2013-12-11
 266 <a href="http://www.nrk.no/buskerud/julebaksten-i-vasken-1.11410033">Rotterace
 267 i kloakken</a> - nrk.no</li>
 268
 269 <li>2013-12-30
 270 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/Apne-brev-og-frie-tanker-7413734.html">Åpne
 271 brev og frie tanker</a> - aftenposten.no</li>
 272
 273 <li>2014-01-12
 274 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/viten/Stopp-kunnskapsapartheidet-7428229.html">Stopp dagens kunnskapsapartheid!</a> - aftenposten.no</li>
 275
 276 <li>2014-01-09
 277 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/uriks/EU-rapport-Britisk-og-amerikansk-overvaking-ser-ut-til-a-vare-ulovlig-7428933.html">EU-rapport:
 278 Britisk og amerikansk overvåking ser ut til å være ulovlig</a> -
 279 aftenposten.no</li>
 280
 281 <li>2013-10-23 Professor Jan Arild Audestad
 282 <a href="http://www.digi.no/924008/advarer-mot-konspirasjonsteori">Advarer
 283 mot konspirasjonsteori</a> i digi.no og sier han ikke tror NSA kan
 284 avlytte mobiltelefoner, mens han noen måneder senere forteller:</li>
 285
 286 <li>2014-01-09
 287 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/--Vi-ble-presset-til-a-svekke-mobilsikkerheten-pa-80-tallet-7410467.html">-
 288 Vi ble presset til å svekke mobilsikkerheten på 80-tallet</a> -
 289 aftenposten.no</li>
 290
 291 <li>2014-02-12
 292 <a href="http://tv.nrk.no/program/koid20005814/et-moete-med-edward-snowden">Et
 293 møte med Edward Snowden</a> - intervju sendt av nrk, tilgjengelig til
 294 2015-01-31</li>
 295
 296 <li>2014-02-17
 297 <a href="http://politiken.dk/debat/profiler/jessteinpedersen/ECE2210356/litteraturredaktoeren-helle-thornings-tavshed-om-snowden-er-en-skandale/">Litteraturredaktøren:
 298 Helle Thornings tavshed om Snowden er en skandale</a> -
 299 politiken.dk</li>
 300
 301 <li>2014-02-21
 302 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/kronikker/Bra-a-ha-en-Storebror-7476734.html">Bra å ha en «Storebror»</a> - aftenposten.no</li>
 303
 304 <li>2014-02-28
 305 <a href="http://johnchristianelden.blogg.no/1393536806_narkotikasiktet_stort.html">"Narkotikasiktet
 306 Stortingsmann" - Spillet bak kulissene</a> - John Christian Eldens
 307 blogg</li>
 308
 309 <li>2014-02-28
 310 <a href="http://www.aftenposten.no/meninger/Heksejakt-pa-hasjbrukere-7486283.html">Heksejakt
 311 på hasjbrukere</a> - aftenposten.no</li>
 312
 313 </ul>
 314 </div>
 315       <div class="tags">
 316
 317
 318         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>.
 319
 320
 321       </div>
 322     </div>
 323     <div class="padding"></div>
 324
 325     <div class="entry">
 326       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_home_and_release_1_0_for_netgroup_and_innetgr__aka_ng_utils_.html">New home and release 1.0 for netgroup and innetgr (aka ng-utils)</a></div>
 327       <div class="date">22nd February 2014</div>
 328       <div class="body"><p>Many years ago, I wrote a GPL licensed version of the netgroup and
 329 innetgr tools, because I needed them in
 330 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  I called the project
 331 ng-utils, and it has served me well.  I placed the project under the
 332 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/">Hungry Programmer</a> umbrella, and it was maintained in our CVS
 333 repository.  But many years ago, the CVS repository was dropped (lost,
 334 not migrated to new hardware, not sure), and the project have lacked a
 335 proper home since then.</p>
 336
 337 <p>Last summer, I had a look at the package and made a new release
 338 fixing a irritating crash bug, but was unable to store the changes in
 339 a proper source control system.  I applied for a project on
 340 <a href="https://alioth.debian.org/">Alioth</a>, but did not have time
 341 to follow up on it.  Until today. :)</p>
 342
 343 <p>After many hours of cleaning and migration, the ng-utils project
 344 now have a new home, and a git repository with the highlight of the
 345 history of the project.  I published all release tarballs and imported
 346 them into the git repository.  As the project is really stable and not
 347 expected to gain new features any time soon, I decided to make a new
 348 release and call it 1.0.  Visit the new project home on
 349 <a href="https://alioth.debian.org/projects/ng-utils/">https://alioth.debian.org/projects/ng-utils/</a>
 350 if you want to check it out.  The new version is also uploaded into
 351 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/ng-utils.html">Debian Unstable</a>.</p>
 352 </div>
 353       <div class="tags">
 354
 355
 356         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 357
 358
 359       </div>
 360     </div>
 361     <div class="padding"></div>
 362
 363     <div class="entry">
 364       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_sysvinit_from_experimental_in_Debian_Hurd.html">Testing sysvinit from experimental in Debian Hurd</a></div>
 365       <div class="date"> 3rd February 2014</div>
 366       <div class="body"><p>A few days ago I decided to try to help the Hurd people to get
 367 their changes into sysvinit, to allow them to use the normal sysvinit
 368 boot system instead of their old one.  This follow up on the
 369 <a href="https://teythoon.cryptobitch.de//categories/gsoc.html">great
 370 Google Summer of Code work</a> done last summer by Justus Winter to
 371 get Debian on Hurd working more like Debian on Linux.  To get started,
 372 I downloaded a prebuilt hard disk image from
 373 <a href="http://ftp.debian-ports.org/debian-cd/hurd-i386/current/debian-hurd.img.tar.gz">http://ftp.debian-ports.org/debian-cd/hurd-i386/current/debian-hurd.img.tar.gz</a>,
 374 and started it using virt-manager.</p>
 375
 376 <p>The first think I had to do after logging in (root without any
 377 password) was to get the network operational.  I followed
 378 <a href="https://www.debian.org/ports/hurd/hurd-install">the
 379 instructions on the Debian GNU/Hurd ports page</a> and ran these
 380 commands as root to get the machine to accept a IP address from the
 381 kvm internal DHCP server:</p>
 382
 383 <p><blockquote><pre>
 384 settrans -fgap /dev/netdde /hurd/netdde
 385 kill $(ps -ef|awk '/[p]finet/ { print $2}')
 386 kill $(ps -ef|awk '/[d]evnode/ { print $2}')
 387 dhclient /dev/eth0
 388 </pre></blockquote></p>
 389
 390 <p>After this, the machine had internet connectivity, and I could
 391 upgrade it and install the sysvinit packages from experimental and
 392 enable it as the default boot system in Hurd.</p>
 393
 394 <p>But before I did that, I set a password on the root user, as ssh is
 395 running on the machine it for ssh login to work a password need to be
 396 set.  Also, note that a bug somewhere in openssh on Hurd block
 397 compression from working.  Remember to turn that off on the client
 398 side.</p>
 399
 400 <p>Run these commands as root to upgrade and test the new sysvinit
 401 stuff:</p>
 402
 403 <p><blockquote><pre>
 404 cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/experimental.list &lt;&lt;EOF
 405 deb http://http.debian.net/debian/ experimental main
 406 EOF
 407 apt-get update
 408 apt-get dist-upgrade
 409 apt-get install -t experimental initscripts sysv-rc sysvinit \
 410     sysvinit-core sysvinit-utils
 411 update-alternatives --config runsystem
 412 </pre></blockquote></p>
 413
 414 <p>To reboot after switching boot system, you have to use
 415 <tt>reboot-hurd</tt> instead of just <tt>reboot</tt>, as there is not
 416 yet a sysvinit process able to receive the signals from the normal
 417 'reboot' command.  After switching to sysvinit as the boot system,
 418 upgrading every package and rebooting, the network come up with DHCP
 419 after boot as it should, and the settrans/pkill hack mentioned at the
 420 start is no longer needed.  But for some strange reason, there are no
 421 longer any login prompt in the virtual console, so I logged in using
 422 ssh instead.
 423
 424 <p>Note that there are some race conditions in Hurd making the boot
 425 fail some times.  No idea what the cause is, but hope the Hurd porters
 426 figure it out.  At least Justus said on IRC (#debian-hurd on
 427 irc.debian.org) that they are aware of the problem.  A way to reduce
 428 the impact is to upgrade to the Hurd packages built by Justus by
 429 adding this repository to the machine:</p>
 430
 431 <p><blockquote><pre>
 432 cat > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/hurd-ci.list &lt;&lt;EOF
 433 deb http://darnassus.sceen.net/~teythoon/hurd-ci/ sid main
 434 EOF
 435 </pre></blockquote></p>
 436
 437 <p>At the moment the prebuilt virtual machine get some packages from
 438 http://ftp.debian-ports.org/debian, because some of the packages in
 439 unstable do not yet include the required patches that are lingering in
 440 BTS.  This is the completely list of "unofficial" packages installed:</p>
 441
 442 <p><blockquote><pre>
 443 # aptitude search '?narrow(?version(CURRENT),?origin(Debian Ports))'
 444 i   emacs                   - GNU Emacs editor (metapackage)
 445 i   gdb                     - GNU Debugger
 446 i   hurd-recommended        - Miscellaneous translators
 447 i   isc-dhcp-client         - ISC DHCP client
 448 i   isc-dhcp-common         - common files used by all the isc-dhcp* packages
 449 i   libc-bin                - Embedded GNU C Library: Binaries
 450 i   libc-dev-bin            - Embedded GNU C Library: Development binaries
 451 i   libc0.3                 - Embedded GNU C Library: Shared libraries
 452 i A libc0.3-dbg             - Embedded GNU C Library: detached debugging symbols
 453 i   libc0.3-dev             - Embedded GNU C Library: Development Libraries and Hea
 454 i   multiarch-support       - Transitional package to ensure multiarch compatibilit
 455 i A x11-common              - X Window System (X.Org) infrastructure
 456 i   xorg                    - X.Org X Window System
 457 i A xserver-xorg            - X.Org X server
 458 i A xserver-xorg-input-all  - X.Org X server -- input driver metapackage
 459 #
 460 </pre></blockquote></p>
 461
 462 <p>All in all, testing hurd has been an interesting experience. :)
 463 X.org did not work out of the box and I never took the time to follow
 464 the porters instructions to fix it.  This time I was interested in the
 465 command line stuff.<p>
 466 </div>
 467       <div class="tags">
 468
 469
 470         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 471
 472
 473       </div>
 474     </div>
 475     <div class="padding"></div>
 476
 477     <div class="entry">
 478       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_fist_full_of_non_anonymous_Bitcoins.html">A fist full of non-anonymous Bitcoins</a></div>
 479       <div class="date">29th January 2014</div>
 480       <div class="body"><p>Bitcoin is a incredible use of peer to peer communication and
 481 encryption, allowing direct and immediate money transfer without any
 482 central control.  It is sometimes claimed to be ideal for illegal
 483 activity, which I believe is quite a long way from the truth.  At least
 484 I would not conduct illegal money transfers using a system where the
 485 details of every transaction are kept forever.  This point is
 486 investigated in
 487 <a href="https://www.usenix.org/publications/login">USENIX ;login:</a>
 488 from December 2013, in the article
 489 "<a href="https://www.usenix.org/system/files/login/articles/03_meiklejohn-online.pdf">A
 490 Fistful of Bitcoins - Characterizing Payments Among Men with No
 491 Names</a>" by Sarah Meiklejohn, Marjori Pomarole,Grant Jordan, Kirill
 492 Levchenko, Damon McCoy, Geoffrey M. Voelker, and Stefan Savage.  They
 493 analyse the transaction log in the Bitcoin system, using it to find
 494 addresses belong to individuals and organisations and follow the flow
 495 of money from both Bitcoin theft and trades on Silk Road to where the
 496 money end up.  This is how they wrap up their article:</p>
 497
 498 <p><blockquote>
 499 <p>"To demonstrate the usefulness of this type of analysis, we turned
 500 our attention to criminal activity. In the Bitcoin economy, criminal
 501 activity can appear in a number of forms, such as dealing drugs on
 502 Silk Road or simply stealing someone else’s bitcoins. We followed the
 503 flow of bitcoins out of Silk Road (in particular, from one notorious
 504 address) and from a number of highly publicized thefts to see whether
 505 we could track the bitcoins to known services. Although some of the
 506 thieves attempted to use sophisticated mixing techniques (or possibly
 507 mix services) to obscure the flow of bitcoins, for the most part
 508 tracking the bitcoins was quite straightforward, and we ultimately saw
 509 large quantities of bitcoins flow to a variety of exchanges directly
 510 from the point of theft (or the withdrawal from Silk Road).</p>
 511
 512 <p>As acknowledged above, following stolen bitcoins to the point at
 513 which they are deposited into an exchange does not in itself identify
 514 the thief; however, it does enable further de-anonymization in the
 515 case in which certain agencies can determine (through, for example,
 516 subpoena power) the real-world owner of the account into which the
 517 stolen bitcoins were deposited.  Because such exchanges seem to serve
 518 as chokepoints into and out of the Bitcoin economy (i.e., there are
 519 few alternative ways to cash out), we conclude that using Bitcoin for
 520 money laundering or other illicit purposes does not (at least at
 521 present) seem to be particularly attractive."</p>
 522 </blockquote><p>
 523
 524 <p>These researches are not the first to analyse the Bitcoin
 525 transaction log.  The 2011 paper
 526 "<a href="http://arxiv.org/abs/1107.4524">An Analysis of Anonymity in
 527 the Bitcoin System</A>" by Fergal Reid and Martin Harrigan is
 528 summarized like this:</p>
 529
 530 <p><blockquote>
 531 "Anonymity in Bitcoin, a peer-to-peer electronic currency system, is a
 532 complicated issue. Within the system, users are identified by
 533 public-keys only. An attacker wishing to de-anonymize its users will
 534 attempt to construct the one-to-many mapping between users and
 535 public-keys and associate information external to the system with the
 536 users. Bitcoin tries to prevent this attack by storing the mapping of
 537 a user to his or her public-keys on that user's node only and by
 538 allowing each user to generate as many public-keys as required. In
 539 this chapter we consider the topological structure of two networks
 540 derived from Bitcoin's public transaction history. We show that the
 541 two networks have a non-trivial topological structure, provide
 542 complementary views of the Bitcoin system and have implications for
 543 anonymity. We combine these structures with external information and
 544 techniques such as context discovery and flow analysis to investigate
 545 an alleged theft of Bitcoins, which, at the time of the theft, had a
 546 market value of approximately half a million U.S. dollars."
 547 </blockquote></p>
 548
 549 <p>I hope these references can help kill the urban myth that Bitcoin
 550 is anonymous.  It isn't really a good fit for illegal activites.  Use
 551 cash if you need to stay anonymous, at least until regular DNA
 552 sampling of notes and coins become the norm. :)</p>
 553
 554 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 555 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 556 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 557 </div>
 558       <div class="tags">
 559
 560
 561         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
 562
 563
 564       </div>
 565     </div>
 566     <div class="padding"></div>
 567
 568     <div class="entry">
 569       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/New_chrpath_release_0_16.html">New chrpath release 0.16</a></div>
 570       <div class="date">14th January 2014</div>
 571       <div class="body"><p><a href="http://www.coverity.com/">Coverity</a> is a nice tool to
 572 find problems in C, C++ and Java code using static source code
 573 analysis.  It can detect a lot of different problems, and is very
 574 useful to find memory and locking bugs in the error handling part of
 575 the source.  The company behind it provide
 576 <a href="https://scan.coverity.com/">check of free software projects as
 577 a community service</a>, and many hundred free software projects are
 578 already checked.  A few days ago I decided to have a closer look at
 579 the Coverity system, and discovered that the
 580 <a href="http://www.gnu.org/software/gnash/">gnash</a> and
 581 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/ipmitool/">ipmitool</a>
 582 projects I am involved with was already registered.  But these are
 583 fairly big, and I would also like to have a small and easy project to
 584 check, and decided to <a href="http://scan.coverity.com/projects/1179">request
 585 checking of the chrpath project</a>.  It was
 586 added to the checker and discovered seven potential defects.  Six of
 587 these were real, mostly resource "leak" when the program detected an
 588 error.  Nothing serious, as the resources would be released a fraction
 589 of a second later when the program exited because of the error, but it
 590 is nice to do it right in case the source of the program some time in
 591 the future end up in a library.  Having fixed all defects and added
 592 <a href="https://lists.alioth.debian.org/mailman/listinfo/chrpath-devel">a
 593 mailing list for the chrpath developers</a>, I decided it was time to
 594 publish a new release.  These are the release notes:</p>
 595
 596 <p>New in 0.16 released 2014-01-14:</p>
 597
 598 <ul>
 599
 600   <li>Fixed all minor bugs discovered by Coverity.</li>
 601   <li>Updated config.sub and config.guess from the GNU project.</li>
 602   <li>Mention new project mailing list in the documentation.</li>
 603
 604 </ul>
 605
 606 <p>You can
 607 <a href="https://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=31052">download the
 608 new version 0.16 from alioth</a>.  Please let us know via the Alioth
 609 project if something is wrong with the new release.  The test suite
 610 did not discover any old errors, so if you find a new one, please also
 611 include a test suite check.</p>
 612 </div>
 613       <div class="tags">
 614
 615
 616         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 617
 618
 619       </div>
 620     </div>
 621     <div class="padding"></div>
 622
 623     <div class="entry">
 624       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a></div>
 625       <div class="date">25th December 2013</div>
 626       <div class="body"><p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 627 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
 628 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
 629 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
 630 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
 631 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
 632 George</a>.</p>
 633
 634 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
 635
 636 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 637
 638 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
 639 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
 640 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
 641 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
 642 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
 643 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
 644
 645 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
 646 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
 647 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
 648 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
 649 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
 650 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
 651 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
 652 to help building another school's informational education concept from
 653 scratch.</p>
 654
 655 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
 656 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
 657 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
 658
 659 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
 660 and cycling.</p>
 661
 662 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 663 project?</strong></p>
 664
 665 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
 666 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
 667 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
 668 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
 669 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
 670 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
 671
 672 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
 673 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
 674 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
 675 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
 676 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
 677 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
 678 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
 679 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
 680 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
 681
 682 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
 683 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
 684 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
 685 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
 686
 687 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 688 Edu?</strong></p>
 689
 690 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
 691 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
 692 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
 693 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
 694 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
 695 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
 696 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
 697 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
 698 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
 699 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
 700 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
 701 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
 702 that it rocks!</p>
 703
 704 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
 705 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
 706 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
 707 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
 708 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
 709 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
 710 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
 711
 712 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 713 Edu?</strong></p>
 714
 715 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
 716 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
 717 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
 718 can list a few points about that:</p>
 719
 720 <ul>
 721
 722  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
 723  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
 724  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
 725
 726 </ul>
 727
 728 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
 729
 730 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 731
 732 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
 733 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
 734 year.</p>
 735
 736 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
 737 run text tools. I use
 738 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
 739 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
 740 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
 741 based full-featured student management software with the two),
 742 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
 743 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
 744 coloured world called the WWW, I use
 745 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
 746 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
 747 e-mail.</p>
 748
 749 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
 750 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
 751 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
 752 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
 753 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
 754 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
 755 Facebook now ;).</p>
 756
 757 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 758 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 759
 760 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
 761 side is what I have experienced.</p>
 762
 763 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
 764 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
 765 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
 766 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
 767 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
 768 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
 769 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
 770 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
 771 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
 772 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
 773 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
 774 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
 775 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
 776 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
 777 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
 778 plain criminal.</p>
 779
 780 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
 781 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
 782 founded an association named
 783 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
 784 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
 785 area of free and open source software, for example the
 786 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
 787 Teckids and are the youth programme of
 788 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
 789 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
 790 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
 791 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
 792 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
 793 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
 794
 795 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
 796 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
 797 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
 798 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
 799 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
 800 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
 801 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
 802 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
 803 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
 804 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
 805 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
 806 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
 807
 808 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
 809 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
 810 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
 811 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
 812
 813 <!--
 814
 815 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
 816
 817 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
 818 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
 819
 820  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
 821    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
 822    of the decision makers above;
 823  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
 824    knowledge about free software
 825
 826 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
 827
 828 -->
 829 </div>
 830       <div class="tags">
 831
 832
 833         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 834
 835
 836       </div>
 837     </div>
 838     <div class="padding"></div>
 839
 840     <div class="entry">
 841       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Dugnadsnett_for_alle_stiller_p__Oslo_Maker_Faire_i_januar_2014.html">Dugnadsnett for alle stiller på Oslo Maker Faire i januar 2014</a></div>
 842       <div class="date">10th December 2013</div>
 843       <div class="body"><p>Helga 18. og 19. januar 2014 arrangeres
 844 <a href="http://makerfaireoslo.no/no/program/dugnadsnett">Oslo Maker
 845 Faire</a>, og <a href="http://www.dugnadsnett.no/">Dugnadsnett for
 846 alle</a> har fått plass!  Planen er å ha et bord med en plakat der vi
 847 forteller om hva Dugnadsnett for alle er for noe, og et lite verksted
 848 der vi hjelper folk som er interessert i å få opp sin egen mesh-node.
 849 Jeg gleder meg til å se hvordan prosjektet blir mottatt der.</p>
 850
 851 <p>Målet med dugnadsnett for alle i Oslo er å få på plass et datanett
 852 for kommunikasjon ved hjelp av radio-repeaterstasjoner (kalt
 853 mesh-noder) som gjør at en kan direkte kommunisere med slekt, venner
 854 og bekjente i Oslo via andre som deltar i dugnadsnettet, samt gjøre
 855 det mulig komme ut på internett via dugnadsnettet.  Første delmål er å
 856 kunne sende SMS-meldinger vha. IP-telefoni løsningen
 857 <a href="http://www.servalproject.org/">Serval project</a> mellom
 858 deltagerne i Dugnadsnett for alle i Oslo.  Formålet er å ta tilbake
 859 kontrollen over egen nett-infrastruktur og gjøre det dyrere å bedrive
 860 massiv innsamling av informasjon om borgernes bruk av datanett.</p>
 861
 862 <p>Høres dette interessant ut?  Bli med på prosjektet, fortell oss
 863 hvor du kunne tenke deg å sette opp en radio-repeater (slik at folk i
 864 nærheten kan finne hverandre ved hjelp av
 865 <a href="http://flynor.net/mesh/mesh.php">kartet over planlagte og
 866 eksisterende radio-repeatere</A>), bli med på epostlisten
 867 <a href="http://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/dugnadsnett">dugnadsnett
 868 (at) nuug.no</a> og stikk innom
 869 <a href="irc://irc.freenode.net/#dugnadsnett.no">IRC-kanalen
 870 #dugnadsnett.no</a>.  Så langt er det planlagt over 40
 871 radio-repeatere, med VPN-forbindelser via Internet for å la de delene
 872 av nettet som ikke når hverandre via radio kunne snakke med hverandre
 873 likevel.</p>
 874 </div>
 875       <div class="tags">
 876
 877
 878         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
 879
 880
 881       </div>
 882     </div>
 883     <div class="padding"></div>
 884
 885     <div class="entry">
 886       <div class="title"><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a></div>
 887       <div class="date"> 6th December 2013</div>
 888       <div class="body"><p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
 889 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 890 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
 891 had a new school administrator show up on
 892 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
 893 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
 894 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
 895 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
 896 Germany a few years ago.</p>
 897
 898 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 899
 900 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
 901 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
 902 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
 903 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
 904
 905 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
 906 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
 907 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
 908 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
 909 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
 910 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
 911 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
 912 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
 913 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
 914
 915 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 916 project?</strong></p>
 917
 918 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
 919 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
 920 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
 921 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
 922
 923 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 924 Edu?</strong></p>
 925
 926 <ul>
 927   <li>Quick installation,</li>
 928   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
 929   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
 930   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
 931     single company,</li>
 932   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
 933     experience and problem solutions.</li>
 934 </ul>
 935
 936 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 937 Edu?</strong></p>
 938
 939 <ul>
 940   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
 941   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
 942   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
 943   working again reliably.
 944
 945   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
 946   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
 947   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
 948   as their base.
 949
 950   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
 951   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
 952   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
 953   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
 954   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
 955   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
 956
 957   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
 958   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
 959   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
 960   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
 961   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
 962   schemes.</li>
 963
 964   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
 965   compared to Debian.</li>
 966
 967 </ul>
 968
 969 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
 970 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
 971 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
 972 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
 973
 974 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 975
 976 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
 977 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
 978 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
 979 programming languages for teaching.</p>
 980
 981 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 982 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 983
 984 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
 985
 986 <ul>
 987
 988   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
 989     teaching and learning.</li>
 990
 991   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
 992     home, and at their working place without running into license or
 993     conversion problems.</li>
 994
 995   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
 996     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
 997     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
 998     science, not products.</li>
 999
1000   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
1001     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
1002
1003 </ul>
1004 </div>
1005       <div class="tags">
1006
1007
1008         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1009
1010
1011       </div>
1012     </div>
1013     <div class="padding"></div>
1014
1015     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="index.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
1016     <div id="sidebar">
1017
1018
1019
1020 <h2>Archive</h2>
1021 <ul>
1022
1023 <li>2014
1024 <ul>
1025
1026 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
1027
1028 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
1029
1030 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (2)</a></li>
1031
1032 </ul></li>
1033
1034 <li>2013
1035 <ul>
1036
1037 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
1038
1039 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
1040
1041 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
1042
1043 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
1044
1045 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1046
1047 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
1048
1049 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
1050
1051 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1052
1053 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
1054
1055 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
1056
1057 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
1058
1059 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1060
1061 </ul></li>
1062
1063 <li>2012
1064 <ul>
1065
1066 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
1067
1068 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
1069
1070 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
1071
1072 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
1073
1074 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
1075
1076 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
1077
1078 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
1079
1080 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1081
1082 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
1083
1084 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
1085
1086 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
1087
1088 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1089
1090 </ul></li>
1091
1092 <li>2011
1093 <ul>
1094
1095 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
1096
1097 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
1098
1099 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
1100
1101 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
1102
1103 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
1104
1105 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
1106
1107 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
1108
1109 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
1110
1111 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
1112
1113 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1114
1115 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1116
1117 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
1118
1119 </ul></li>
1120
1121 <li>2010
1122 <ul>
1123
1124 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
1125
1126 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
1127
1128 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
1129
1130 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
1131
1132 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1133
1134 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
1135
1136 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
1137
1138 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
1139
1140 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
1141
1142 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
1143
1144 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
1145
1146 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
1147
1148 </ul></li>
1149
1150 <li>2009
1151 <ul>
1152
1153 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
1154
1155 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
1156
1157 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
1158
1159 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
1160
1161 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
1162
1163 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
1164
1165 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
1166
1167 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
1168
1169 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
1170
1171 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
1172
1173 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
1174
1175 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
1176
1177 </ul></li>
1178
1179 <li>2008
1180 <ul>
1181
1182 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
1183
1184 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
1185
1186 </ul></li>
1187
1188 </ul>
1189
1190
1191
1192 <h2>Tags</h2>
1193 <ul>
1194
1195  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
1196
1197  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
1198
1199  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
1200
1201  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
1202
1203  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
1204
1205  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (14)</a></li>
1206
1207  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
1208
1209  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
1210
1211  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (94)</a></li>
1212
1213  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (145)</a></li>
1214
1215  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
1216
1217  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (10)</a></li>
1218
1219  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
1220
1221  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (237)</a></li>
1222
1223  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
1224
1225  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
1226
1227  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (12)</a></li>
1228
1229  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (5)</a></li>
1230
1231  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
1232
1233  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (39)</a></li>
1234
1235  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (7)</a></li>
1236
1237  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
1238
1239  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
1240
1241  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (7)</a></li>
1242
1243  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
1244
1245  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (7)</a></li>
1246
1247  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
1248
1249  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (241)</a></li>
1250
1251  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (161)</a></li>
1252
1253  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (10)</a></li>
1254
1255  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
1256
1257  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (45)</a></li>
1258
1259  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (69)</a></li>
1260
1261  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
1262
1263  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
1264
1265  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
1266
1267  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
1268
1269  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
1270
1271  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
1272
1273  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
1274
1275  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (34)</a></li>
1276
1277  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
1278
1279  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
1280
1281  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (44)</a></li>
1282
1283  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
1284
1285  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
1286
1287  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (21)</a></li>
1288
1289  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
1290
1291  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
1292
1293  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (39)</a></li>
1294
1295  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
1296
1297  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (28)</a></li>
1298
1299 </ul>
1300
1301
1302     </div>
1303     <p style="text-align: right">
1304  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
1305 </p>
1306
1307   </body>
1308 </html>