blog/tags/debian edu/index.html

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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         22nd August 2013
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
  32 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
  33 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
  34
  35 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
  36
  37 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
  38 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
  39
  40 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
  41
  42 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
  43 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
  44 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
  45 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
  46 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
  47 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
  48 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
  49 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
  50 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
  51 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
  52 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
  53 desktop contains
  54 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
  55 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
  56 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
  57 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
  58
  59 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
  60 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
  61 release.</p>
  62
  63 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
  64 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
  65 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
  66 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
  67 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
  68 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
  69 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
  70 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
  71 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
  72 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
  73 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
  74
  75 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
  76
  77 <ul>
  78
  79 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
  80     work also without a attached tty.</li>
  81 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
  82     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
  83     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
  84     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
  85     required).</li>
  86
  87 </ul>
  88
  89 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
  90
  91 <ul>
  92
  93 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
  94 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
  95 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
  96 stick ISO image.</li>
  97 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
  98 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
  99 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
 100     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
 101     cope with this.</li>
 102 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
 103 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
 104     empty password hashes.</li>
 105 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
 106     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
 107     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
 108
 109 </ul>
 110
 111 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 112
 113 <ul>
 114
 115 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
 116     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
 117 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
 118     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
 119
 120 </ul>
 121
 122 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 123
 124 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 125
 126 <ul>
 127
 128 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
 129
 130 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
 131
 132 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
 133
 134 </ul>
 135
 136 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
 137 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
 138
 139 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 140
 141 <ul>
 142
 143 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
 144 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
 145 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
 146
 147 </ul>
 148
 149 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
 150 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
 151
 152
 153 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 154
 155 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 156
 157       </div>
 158       <div class="tags">
 159
 160
 161         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 162
 163
 164       </div>
 165     </div>
 166     <div class="padding"></div>
 167
 168     <div class="entry">
 169       <div class="title">
 170         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
 171       </div>
 172       <div class="date">
 173         27th July 2013
 174       </div>
 175       <div class="body">
 176         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 177 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 178
 179 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
 180 2013-07-27</strong></p>
 181
 182 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 183 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 184
 185 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 186
 187 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 188 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 189 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 190 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 191 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 192 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 193 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 194 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 195 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 196 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 197 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 198 desktop contains
 199 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 200 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 201 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 202 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 203
 204 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 205 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 206 Squeeze release.</p>
 207
 208 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
 209 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
 210 release.</p>
 211
 212 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 213
 214 <ul>
 215
 216 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
 217    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
 218 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
 219    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
 220    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
 221    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
 222    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
 223 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
 224 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
 225 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
 226    crash bugs.</li>
 227
 228 </ul>
 229
 230 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 231
 232 <ul>
 233
 234 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
 235    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
 236 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
 237    netinst CD.</li>
 238 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
 239    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
 240 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
 241    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
 242    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
 243 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
 244    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
 245    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
 246 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
 247    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
 248    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
 249 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
 250    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
 251 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
 252
 253 </ul>
 254
 255 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 256
 257 <ul>
 258
 259 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
 260 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
 261     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
 262 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
 263
 264 </ul>
 265
 266 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 267
 268 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 269
 270 <ul>
 271
 272 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
 273
 274 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
 275
 276 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
 277
 278 </ul>
 279
 280 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
 281 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
 282
 283 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 284
 285 <ul>
 286
 287 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
 288 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
 289 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
 290
 291 </ul>
 292
 293 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
 294 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
 295
 296
 297 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 298
 299 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 300
 301       </div>
 302       <div class="tags">
 303
 304
 305         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 306
 307
 308       </div>
 309     </div>
 310     <div class="padding"></div>
 311
 312     <div class="entry">
 313       <div class="title">
 314         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
 315       </div>
 316       <div class="date">
 317          9th July 2013
 318       </div>
 319       <div class="body">
 320         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
 321 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
 322 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
 323 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
 324 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 325 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
 326 Bitraf</a>.</p>
 327
 328 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
 329 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
 330 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
 331 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
 332 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
 333
 334       </div>
 335       <div class="tags">
 336
 337
 338         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
 339
 340
 341       </div>
 342     </div>
 343     <div class="padding"></div>
 344
 345     <div class="entry">
 346       <div class="title">
 347         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
 348       </div>
 349       <div class="date">
 350          3rd July 2013
 351       </div>
 352       <div class="body">
 353         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 354 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 355
 356 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
 357 2013-07-03</strong></p>
 358
 359 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 360 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 361
 362 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 363
 364 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 365 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 366 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 367 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 368 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 369 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 370 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 371 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 372 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 373 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 374 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 375 desktop contains
 376 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 377 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 378 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 379 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 380
 381 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 382 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 383 Squeeze release.</p>
 384
 385 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 386 <ul>
 387   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
 388   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
 389     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
 390     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
 391   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
 392     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
 393     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
 394   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
 395     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
 396     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
 397     too.</li>
 398   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
 399     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
 400 </ul>
 401 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 402 <ul>
 403   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
 404   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
 405   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
 406     up for some language options.</li>
 407   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
 408   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
 409   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
 410     d-i is doing it.</li>
 411   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
 412     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
 413   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
 414     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
 415     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
 416   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
 417     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
 418   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
 419   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
 420     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
 421   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
 422     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
 423 </ul>
 424 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 425 <ul>
 426   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
 427     available yet (698840).</li>
 428   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
 429 </ul>
 430 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 431
 432 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 433 <ul>
 434   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
 435   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
 436   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
 437 </ul>
 438
 439 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
 440 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
 441
 442 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
 443 <ul>
 444   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
 445   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
 446   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
 447 </ul>
 448
 449 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
 450 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
 451
 452 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 453
 454 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
 455
 456       </div>
 457       <div class="tags">
 458
 459
 460         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 461
 462
 463       </div>
 464     </div>
 465     <div class="padding"></div>
 466
 467     <div class="entry">
 468       <div class="title">
 469         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
 470       </div>
 471       <div class="date">
 472         22nd June 2013
 473       </div>
 474       <div class="body">
 475         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 476 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
 477 which check that services are running, working, and return the
 478 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
 479 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
 480 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
 481 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
 482 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
 483 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
 484
 485 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
 486 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
 487 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
 488 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
 489 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
 490 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
 491 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
 492 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
 493 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
 494 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
 495 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
 496 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
 497 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
 498 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
 499
 500 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
 501 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
 502 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
 503 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
 504 the problem.</p>
 505
 506 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
 507 please join us on
 508 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
 509 irc.debian.org</a> and the
 510 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
 511 list.</p>
 512
 513       </div>
 514       <div class="tags">
 515
 516
 517         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 518
 519
 520       </div>
 521     </div>
 522     <div class="padding"></div>
 523
 524     <div class="entry">
 525       <div class="title">
 526         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
 527       </div>
 528       <div class="date">
 529         17th June 2013
 530       </div>
 531       <div class="body">
 532         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
 533 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
 534 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
 535 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
 536 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
 537 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
 538 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
 539 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
 540
 541 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 542
 543 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
 544 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
 545 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
 546 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
 547 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
 548 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
 549 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
 550 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
 551 field.</p>
 552
 553 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
 554 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
 555 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
 556 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
 557 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
 558 the only one we have in our country.</p>
 559
 560 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 561 project?</strong></p>
 562
 563 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
 564 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
 565 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
 566 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
 567 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
 568 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
 569 ways to contribute.</p>
 570
 571 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
 572 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
 573 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
 574 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
 575 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
 576 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
 577 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
 578 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
 579 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
 580 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
 581
 582 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
 583 Edu?</strong></p>
 584
 585 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
 586 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
 587 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
 588 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
 589 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
 590 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
 591 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
 592 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
 593
 594 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
 595 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
 596 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
 597 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
 598 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
 599 project.</p>
 600
 601 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 602 Edu?</strong></p>
 603
 604 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
 605 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
 606 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
 607 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
 608 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
 609 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
 610 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
 611 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
 612 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
 613
 614 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
 615 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
 616 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
 617 on.</p>
 618
 619 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 620
 621 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
 622 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
 623 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
 624 Enlightenment project a lot!),
 625 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
 626 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
 627 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
 628 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
 629 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
 630
 631 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 632 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 633
 634 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
 635 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
 636 that:</p>
 637
 638 <ul>
 639
 640 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
 641
 642 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
 643     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
 644     of teenagers more?</li>
 645
 646 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
 647     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
 648     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
 649     them!)</li>
 650
 651 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
 652     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
 653     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
 654
 655 </ul>
 656
 657 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
 658 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
 659 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
 660 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
 661 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
 662
 663       </div>
 664       <div class="tags">
 665
 666
 667         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 668
 669
 670       </div>
 671     </div>
 672     <div class="padding"></div>
 673
 674     <div class="entry">
 675       <div class="title">
 676         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
 677       </div>
 678       <div class="date">
 679         12th June 2013
 680       </div>
 681       <div class="body">
 682         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
 683 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 684 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
 685 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
 686 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
 687 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
 688
 689 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 690
 691 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
 692 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
 693 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
 694
 695 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
 696 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
 697 each other.</p>
 698
 699 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 700 project?</strong></p>
 701
 702 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
 703 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
 704 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
 705 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
 706 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
 707 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
 708 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
 709 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
 710 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
 711 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
 712 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
 713 we'll get there one day.</p>
 714
 715 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 716 Edu?</strong></p>
 717
 718 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
 719 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
 720 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
 721 very high quality work.</p>
 722
 723 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
 724 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
 725 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
 726 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
 727 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
 728
 729 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 730 Edu?</strong></p>
 731
 732 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
 733 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
 734 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
 735
 736 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
 737 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
 738 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
 739 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
 740 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
 741 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
 742 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
 743 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
 744 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
 745 currently.</p>
 746
 747 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
 748 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
 749 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
 750 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
 751 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
 752 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
 753 autonomous.</p>
 754
 755 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 756
 757 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
 758 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
 759 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
 760 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
 761 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
 762
 763 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
 764 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
 765 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
 766 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
 767 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
 768 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
 769 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
 770 X.</p>
 771
 772 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
 773 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
 774 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
 775 it :p)
 776
 777 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 778 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 779
 780 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
 781 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
 782 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
 783 that.</p>
 784
 785 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
 786 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
 787 advantage of that.</p>
 788
 789 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
 790 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
 791 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
 792 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
 793 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
 794 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
 795 best solution for them.</p>
 796
 797 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
 798 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
 799 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
 800
 801       </div>
 802       <div class="tags">
 803
 804
 805         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 806
 807
 808       </div>
 809     </div>
 810     <div class="padding"></div>
 811
 812     <div class="entry">
 813       <div class="title">
 814         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
 815       </div>
 816       <div class="date">
 817         10th June 2013
 818       </div>
 819       <div class="body">
 820         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
 821 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
 822
 823 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
 824 2013-06-10</strong></p>
 825
 826 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
 827 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
 828
 829 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
 830
 831 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
 832 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
 833 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
 834 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
 835 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
 836 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
 837 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
 838 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
 839 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
 840 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
 841 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
 842 desktop contains
 843 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
 844 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
 845 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
 846 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
 847
 848 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
 849 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
 850 Squeeze release.</p>
 851
 852 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
 853
 854 <ul>
 855
 856 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
 857 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
 858 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
 859 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
 860 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
 861
 862 </ul>
 863
 864 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
 865
 866 <ul>
 867
 868 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
 869 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
 870 <li>New Romanian translation.
 871 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
 872 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
 873 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
 874 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
 875 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
 876 <li>More testsuite tests.
 877 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
 878 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
 879
 880 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
 881 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
 882
 883 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
 884 them up with GOsa².</li>
 885
 886 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
 887
 888 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
 889 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
 890 entered password). </li>
 891
 892 </ul>
 893
 894 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
 895
 896 <ul>
 897
 898 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
 899
 900 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
 901 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
 902 missing import feature).</li>
 903
 904 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
 905
 906 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
 907 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
 908 unfixed.</li>
 909
 910 </ul>
 911
 912 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
 913
 914 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
 915
 916 <ul>
 917
 918 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
 919
 920 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
 921
 922 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
 923
 924 </ul>
 925
 926 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
 927 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
 928
 929 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
 930
 931 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
 932
 933       </div>
 934       <div class="tags">
 935
 936
 937         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 938
 939
 940       </div>
 941     </div>
 942     <div class="padding"></div>
 943
 944     <div class="entry">
 945       <div class="title">
 946         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
 947       </div>
 948       <div class="date">
 949          5th June 2013
 950       </div>
 951       <div class="body">
 952         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
 953 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
 954 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
 955 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
 956 the project:
 957
 958 <ol>
 959
 960 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
 961   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
 962   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
 963   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
 964   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
 965
 966 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
 967   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
 968   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
 969   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
 970   #698840</a>.</li>
 971
 972 </ol>
 973
 974 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
 975 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
 976 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
 977
 978       </div>
 979       <div class="tags">
 980
 981
 982         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 983
 984
 985       </div>
 986     </div>
 987     <div class="padding"></div>
 988
 989     <div class="entry">
 990       <div class="title">
 991         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
 992       </div>
 993       <div class="date">
 994          4th June 2013
 995       </div>
 996       <div class="body">
 997         <p>It has been a while since my last English
 998 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
 999 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
1000 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
1001 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
1002 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
1003
1004 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1005
1006 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
1007 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
1008 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
1009 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
1010
1011 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
1012 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
1013 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
1014
1015 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1016 project?</strong></p>
1017
1018 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
1019 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
1020 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
1021 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
1022 manual.
1023
1024 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
1025 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
1026 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
1027 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
1028
1029 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
1030 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
1031 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
1032 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
1033 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
1034 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
1035 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
1036 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
1037 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
1038 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
1039
1040 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
1041 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
1042 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
1043 beautiful project.</p>
1044
1045 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1046 Edu?</strong></p>
1047
1048 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
1049 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
1050 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
1051
1052 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
1053 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
1054 of educational free software.</p>
1055
1056 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1057 Edu?</strong></p>
1058
1059 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
1060 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
1061 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
1062 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
1063 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
1064
1065 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
1066 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
1067 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
1068 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
1069 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
1070 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
1071 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
1072 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
1073
1074 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1075
1076 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
1077 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
1078 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
1079 also using the mathematical software
1080 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
1081 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
1082 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
1083
1084 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
1085 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
1086 statistics?</strong></p>
1087
1088 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
1089 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
1090 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
1091 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
1092
1093 <ul>
1094
1095 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
1096 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
1097 constructions in planar geometry
1098
1099 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
1100 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
1101 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
1102
1103 </ul>
1104
1105 <p>I like also
1106 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
1107 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
1108 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
1109
1110 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1111 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1112
1113 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
1114
1115 <ul>
1116
1117 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
1118
1119 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
1120     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
1121     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
1122
1123 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
1124
1125 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
1126     system.</li>
1127
1128 </ul>
1129
1130       </div>
1131       <div class="tags">
1132
1133
1134         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1135
1136
1137       </div>
1138     </div>
1139     <div class="padding"></div>
1140
1141     <div class="entry">
1142       <div class="title">
1143         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
1144       </div>
1145       <div class="date">
1146          1st June 2013
1147       </div>
1148       <div class="body">
1149         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1150 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
1151 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
1152 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
1153 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
1154 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
1155 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
1156 program.</p>
1157
1158 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
1159
1160 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
1161 <p>
1162 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
1163 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
1164 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
1165 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
1166 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1167 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
1168 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
1169 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
1170 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
1171 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
1172 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
1173 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
1174 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
1175 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
1176 </p>
1177
1178 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
1179 <p>
1180 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
1181 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
1182 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
1183 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
1184 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
1185 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
1186 </p>
1187
1188 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
1189 <p>
1190 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
1191 </p>
1192
1193 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
1194 <p>
1195 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
1196 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
1197 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
1198 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
1199 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
1200 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
1201 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
1202 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
1203 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
1204 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
1205 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
1206 </p>
1207
1208 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
1209 <p>
1210 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1211 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
1212 </p>
1213
1214 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
1215 <p>
1216 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
1217 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
1218 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
1219 </p>
1220
1221 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
1222 <p>
1223 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1224 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
1225 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
1226 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
1227 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
1228 </p>
1229
1230 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
1231 <p>
1232 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
1233 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
1234 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1235 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
1236 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
1237 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
1238 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
1239 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
1240 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
1241 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
1242 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
1243 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
1244 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
1245 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
1246 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
1247 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
1248 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
1249 </p>
1250
1251 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
1252 <p>
1253 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1254 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
1255 </p>
1256
1257 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
1258 <p>
1259 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
1260 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
1261 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
1262 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
1263 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
1264 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
1265 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
1266 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
1267 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
1268 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
1269 </p>
1270
1271 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
1272 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
1273 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
1274 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
1275 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
1276 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
1277 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
1278
1279       </div>
1280       <div class="tags">
1281
1282
1283         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1284
1285
1286       </div>
1287     </div>
1288     <div class="padding"></div>
1289
1290     <div class="entry">
1291       <div class="title">
1292         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
1293       </div>
1294       <div class="date">
1295         24th May 2013
1296       </div>
1297       <div class="body">
1298         <p>En ting
1299 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
1300 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
1301 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
1302 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
1303 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
1304 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
1305 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
1306 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
1307 om et intervju.</p>
1308
1309 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
1310
1311 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
1312 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
1313 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
1314 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
1315 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
1316 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
1317 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
1318 av store systemer.</p>
1319
1320 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
1321
1322 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
1323 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
1324 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
1325 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
1326 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
1327 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
1328 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
1329 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
1330 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
1331 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
1332 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
1333 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
1334 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
1335 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
1336 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
1337 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
1338 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
1339 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
1340 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
1341 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
1342 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
1343 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
1344 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
1345 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
1346 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
1347 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
1348 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
1349 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
1350 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
1351 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
1352
1353 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
1354 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
1355 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
1356 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
1357 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
1358
1359 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
1360 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
1361 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
1362 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
1363 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
1364 dette.</p>
1365
1366 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
1367
1368 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
1369 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
1370 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
1371 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
1372 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
1373 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
1374 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
1375 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
1376 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
1377 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
1378
1379 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
1380
1381 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
1382 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
1383 like stor grad som for eksempel
1384 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
1385 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
1386 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
1387 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
1388 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
1389
1390 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
1391
1392 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
1393 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
1394 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
1395 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
1396 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
1397 scripts.</p>
1398
1399 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
1400 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
1401
1402 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
1403 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
1404 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
1405 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
1406 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
1407 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
1408 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
1409 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
1410 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
1411 betraktelig.</p>
1412
1413       </div>
1414       <div class="tags">
1415
1416
1417         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
1418
1419
1420       </div>
1421     </div>
1422     <div class="padding"></div>
1423
1424     <div class="entry">
1425       <div class="title">
1426         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
1427       </div>
1428       <div class="date">
1429         17th May 2013
1430       </div>
1431       <div class="body">
1432         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
1433 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
1434 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
1435 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
1436 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
1437 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
1438 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
1439 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
1440 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
1441 donate some money</a>.
1442
1443 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
1444 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
1445 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
1446 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
1447 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
1448
1449 <p>The script,
1450 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
1451 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
1452 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
1453 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
1454
1455 <ol>
1456
1457 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
1458 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
1459 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
1460     our configuration.</li>
1461 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
1462     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
1463     according to the profile specified in the config above,
1464     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
1465 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
1466     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
1467 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
1468
1469 </ol>
1470
1471 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
1472 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
1473 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
1474 the needed packages.</p>
1475
1476 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
1477 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
1478 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
1479 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
1480 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
1481 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
1482
1483 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
1484 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
1485 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
1486
1487 <p><pre>
1488 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
1489 DESKTOP="lxde"
1490 </pre></p>
1491
1492 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
1493 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
1494 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
1495 boot.</p>
1496
1497       </div>
1498       <div class="tags">
1499
1500
1501         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1502
1503
1504       </div>
1505     </div>
1506     <div class="padding"></div>
1507
1508     <div class="entry">
1509       <div class="title">
1510         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1511       </div>
1512       <div class="date">
1513         14th May 2013
1514       </div>
1515       <div class="body">
1516         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1517 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
1518 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1519
1520 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
1521 2013-05-14</strong></p>
1522
1523 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
1524 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
1525 codename "Wheezy".</p>
1526
1527 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1528
1529 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
1530 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
1531 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
1532 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
1533 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
1534 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
1535 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
1536 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
1537
1538 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
1539 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
1540 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
1541
1542 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1543 <ul>
1544   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
1545     default.</li>
1546   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
1547   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
1548   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
1549     ibus-anthy.</li>
1550 </ul>
1551
1552 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1553 <ul>
1554
1555   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
1556     reliability improvements.</li>
1557   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
1558     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
1559   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
1560     problems.</li>
1561   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
1562     direct:// URL.</li>
1563   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
1564   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
1565   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
1566   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
1567     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
1568   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
1569     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
1570 </ul>
1571
1572 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1573 <ul>
1574
1575   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
1576     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
1577     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
1578   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
1579   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
1580     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
1581   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
1582   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
1583   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
1584     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
1585   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
1586     password submission problem
1587     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
1588
1589 </ul>
1590
1591 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1592
1593 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1594 <ul>
1595
1596   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
1597   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
1598   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
1599
1600 </ul>
1601
1602 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
1603
1604 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
1605
1606 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1607
1608 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1609
1610       </div>
1611       <div class="tags">
1612
1613
1614         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1615
1616
1617       </div>
1618     </div>
1619     <div class="padding"></div>
1620
1621     <div class="entry">
1622       <div class="title">
1623         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
1624       </div>
1625       <div class="date">
1626         10th May 2013
1627       </div>
1628       <div class="body">
1629         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
1630 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
1631 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
1632 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
1633 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
1634 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
1635 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
1636 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
1637 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
1638 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
1639 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
1640 der jeg fant notatet som
1641 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
1642 2013/1023</a>.</p>
1643
1644 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
1645 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
1646 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
1647 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
1648 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
1649
1650       </div>
1651       <div class="tags">
1652
1653
1654         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
1655
1656
1657       </div>
1658     </div>
1659     <div class="padding"></div>
1660
1661     <div class="entry">
1662       <div class="title">
1663         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
1664       </div>
1665       <div class="date">
1666          5th May 2013
1667       </div>
1668       <div class="body">
1669         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
1670 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
1671 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
1672 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
1673 soon.</p>
1674
1675 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
1676 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
1677 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
1678 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
1679 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
1680 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
1681 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
1682 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
1683 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
1684 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
1685 Edu.</a>
1686
1687 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
1688 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
1689 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
1690 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
1691 follow.<p>
1692
1693       </div>
1694       <div class="tags">
1695
1696
1697         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1698
1699
1700       </div>
1701     </div>
1702     <div class="padding"></div>
1703
1704     <div class="entry">
1705       <div class="title">
1706         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1707       </div>
1708       <div class="date">
1709         26th April 2013
1710       </div>
1711       <div class="body">
1712         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
1713 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
1714 announcement:</p>
1715
1716 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
1717 2013-04-26</strong></p>
1718
1719 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
1720 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1721
1722 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1723
1724 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1725 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1726 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1727 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
1728 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1729 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1730 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1731 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1732 installed via the network.</p>
1733
1734 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
1735 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
1736 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
1737
1738 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1739
1740 <ul>
1741 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
1742   <ul>
1743      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
1744      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
1745          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
1746          manual.)</li>
1747      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
1748      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
1749      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
1750      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
1751      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
1752      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
1753      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
1754      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
1755      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
1756      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
1757      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
1758      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
1759          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
1760          manual</a> for more details.</li>
1761      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
1762          installation.</li>
1763      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
1764          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
1765   </ul></li>
1766 </ul>
1767
1768 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
1769 <ul>
1770 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
1771     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
1772     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
1773 </ul>
1774
1775 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
1776 <ul>
1777 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
1778     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
1779     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
1780 </ul>
1781
1782 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1783 <ul>
1784 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
1785     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
1786     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
1787 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
1788     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
1789     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
1790 </ul>
1791
1792 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
1793 <ul>
1794 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
1795     yet.</li>
1796 </ul>
1797
1798 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
1799
1800 <ul>
1801 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
1802     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
1803     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
1804 </ul>
1805
1806 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1807
1808 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
1809 <ul>
1810 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
1811 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
1812 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
1813 </ul>
1814
1815 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
1816
1817 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
1818
1819 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1820
1821 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1822
1823       </div>
1824       <div class="tags">
1825
1826
1827         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1828
1829
1830       </div>
1831     </div>
1832     <div class="padding"></div>
1833
1834     <div class="entry">
1835       <div class="title">
1836         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
1837       </div>
1838       <div class="date">
1839         16th April 2013
1840       </div>
1841       <div class="body">
1842         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
1843 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
1844 Details about the gathering can be found
1845 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
1846 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
1847 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
1848 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
1849 weekend.</p>
1850
1851 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
1852 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
1853 Edu release.</p>
1854
1855 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
1856
1857       </div>
1858       <div class="tags">
1859
1860
1861         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1862
1863
1864       </div>
1865     </div>
1866     <div class="padding"></div>
1867
1868     <div class="entry">
1869       <div class="title">
1870         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
1871       </div>
1872       <div class="date">
1873         17th March 2013
1874       </div>
1875       <div class="body">
1876         <p>Via
1877 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
1878 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
1879 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
1880 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
1881 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
1882 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
1883 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
1884
1885 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
1886 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
1887
1888 <blockquote>
1889 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
1890 </blockquote>
1891
1892 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
1893
1894 <blockquote>
1895 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
1896 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
1897 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
1898 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
1899 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
1900 </blockquote>
1901
1902 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
1903 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
1904 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
1905 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
1906
1907 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
1908 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
1909
1910 <blockquote>
1911 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
1912 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
1913 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
1914 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
1915 </blockquote>
1916
1917 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
1918 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
1919 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
1920 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
1921 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
1922
1923 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
1924 embedding:</p>
1925
1926 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
1927
1928       </div>
1929       <div class="tags">
1930
1931
1932         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
1933
1934
1935       </div>
1936     </div>
1937     <div class="padding"></div>
1938
1939     <div class="entry">
1940       <div class="title">
1941         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
1942       </div>
1943       <div class="date">
1944          8th March 2013
1945       </div>
1946       <div class="body">
1947         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
1948 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
1949 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
1950 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
1951 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
1952 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
1953 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
1954
1955 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
1956
1957 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
1958 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
1959
1960 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
1961 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
1962 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
1963 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
1964 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
1965 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
1966
1967 <p>Images are available for download at
1968 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
1969
1970 <p>md5sums:
1971 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
1972 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
1973 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
1974
1975 <p>sha1sums:
1976 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
1977 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
1978 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
1979
1980 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
1981
1982 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
1983 2013-03-03:</p>
1984
1985 <ul>
1986   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
1987   <ul>
1988         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
1989         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
1990   </ul></li>
1991   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
1992   <ul>
1993         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
1994         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
1995   </ul></li>
1996   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
1997      <ul>
1998         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
1999         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
2000         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
2001                 Closes: #664596</li>
2002         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
2003                 Closes: #664976</li>
2004         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
2005            <ul>
2006                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
2007                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
2008            </ul></li>
2009         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
2010            <ul>
2011                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
2012                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
2013                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
2014                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
2015                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
2016            </ul></li>
2017         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
2018     </ul>
2019   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
2020     <ul>
2021         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
2022     </ul></li>
2023 </ul>
2024
2025 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
2026 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
2027 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
2028 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
2029
2030 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
2031 mailinglist
2032 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
2033 </p></blockquote>
2034
2035 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
2036
2037       </div>
2038       <div class="tags">
2039
2040
2041         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2042
2043
2044       </div>
2045     </div>
2046     <div class="padding"></div>
2047
2048     <div class="entry">
2049       <div class="title">
2050         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
2051       </div>
2052       <div class="date">
2053         22nd February 2013
2054       </div>
2055       <div class="body">
2056         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
2057 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
2058 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
2059 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
2060 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
2061
2062 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
2063
2064 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
2065 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
2066 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
2067 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
2068 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
2069 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
2070 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
2071 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
2072 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
2073 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
2074 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
2075 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
2076 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
2077
2078 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
2079
2080 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
2081 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
2082 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
2083 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
2084
2085 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2086
2087 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
2088 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
2089 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
2090 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
2091 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
2092 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
2093 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
2094 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
2095
2096 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2097
2098 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
2099 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
2100 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
2101 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
2102 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
2103 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
2104 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
2105
2106 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
2107
2108 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
2109 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
2110 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
2111
2112 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
2113 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
2114
2115 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
2116 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
2117 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
2118 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
2119 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
2120 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
2121 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
2122 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
2123 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
2124 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
2125 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
2126 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
2127 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
2128 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
2129 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
2130
2131 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
2132 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
2133 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
2134
2135       </div>
2136       <div class="tags">
2137
2138
2139         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2140
2141
2142       </div>
2143     </div>
2144     <div class="padding"></div>
2145
2146     <div class="entry">
2147       <div class="title">
2148         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
2149       </div>
2150       <div class="date">
2151         28th December 2012
2152       </div>
2153       <div class="body">
2154         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
2155 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
2156 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
2157 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
2158 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
2159 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
2160 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
2161 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
2162 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
2163 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
2164 followed by many others. :)</p>
2165
2166 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
2167 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
2168 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
2169 you want to donate to the project.</p>
2170
2171       </div>
2172       <div class="tags">
2173
2174
2175         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2176
2177
2178       </div>
2179     </div>
2180     <div class="padding"></div>
2181
2182     <div class="entry">
2183       <div class="title">
2184         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
2185       </div>
2186       <div class="date">
2187         18th December 2012
2188       </div>
2189       <div class="body">
2190         <p>A few days ago I came across
2191 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
2192 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
2193 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
2194 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
2195 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
2196 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
2197 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
2198 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
2199 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
2200
2201 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
2202 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
2203 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
2204 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
2205
2206 <blockquote><pre>
2207 2004-05-27 Book Store
2208       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
2209       Liabilities:Visa
2210 </pre></blockquote>
2211
2212 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
2213 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
2214 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
2215 Spang</a>,
2216 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
2217 Keen</a>,
2218 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
2219 Cantino</a> and
2220 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
2221 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
2222 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
2223 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
2224 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
2225
2226 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
2227 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
2228 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
2229 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
2230 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
2231
2232 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
2233 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
2234 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
2235 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
2236 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
2237 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
2238 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
2239 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
2240 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
2241
2242       </div>
2243       <div class="tags">
2244
2245
2246         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
2247
2248
2249       </div>
2250     </div>
2251     <div class="padding"></div>
2252
2253     <div class="entry">
2254       <div class="title">
2255         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
2256       </div>
2257       <div class="date">
2258         14th November 2012
2259       </div>
2260       <div class="body">
2261         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
2262 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2263 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
2264 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
2265 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
2266 the people behind the German
2267 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
2268 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
2269 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
2270
2271 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2272
2273 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
2274 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
2275 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
2276
2277 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
2278 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
2279 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
2280 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
2281 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
2282 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
2283
2284 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
2285 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
2286 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
2287 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
2288 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
2289 relationship management and the communication processes in the
2290 project.</p>
2291
2292 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
2293 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
2294 and a yoga teacher.</p>
2295
2296 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2297 project?</strong></p>
2298
2299 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
2300
2301 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
2302 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
2303 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
2304 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
2305 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
2306 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
2307 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
2308 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
2309 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
2310 parents.</p>
2311
2312 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
2313 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
2314 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
2315 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
2316 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
2317 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
2318 Germany.</p>
2319
2320 <p>For information about our school project you can read
2321 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
2322 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
2323
2324 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2325 Edu?</strong></p>
2326
2327 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
2328 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
2329
2330 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
2331 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
2332 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
2333 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
2334 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
2335 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
2336 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
2337 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
2338 teachers, parents...</p>
2339
2340 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2341 Edu?</strong></p>
2342
2343 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
2344 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
2345
2346 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
2347 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
2348 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
2349 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
2350 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
2351
2352 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
2353 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
2354 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
2355 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
2356 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
2357 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
2358 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
2359
2360 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2361
2362 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
2363 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
2364 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
2365 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
2366
2367 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2368 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2369
2370 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
2371 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
2372 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
2373 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
2374 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
2375
2376 <ul>
2377
2378 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
2379 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
2380 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
2381
2382 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
2383 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
2384 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
2385 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
2386 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
2387 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
2388 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
2389
2390 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
2391 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
2392 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
2393 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
2394
2395 </ul>
2396
2397       </div>
2398       <div class="tags">
2399
2400
2401         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2402
2403
2404       </div>
2405     </div>
2406     <div class="padding"></div>
2407
2408     <div class="entry">
2409       <div class="title">
2410         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
2411       </div>
2412       <div class="date">
2413         14th October 2012
2414       </div>
2415       <div class="body">
2416         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
2417 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
2418 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
2419 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
2420 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
2421
2422 <blockquote>
2423 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
2424 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
2425
2426 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
2427
2428 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
2429 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
2430 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
2431 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
2432 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
2433 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
2434 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
2435
2436 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
2437 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
2438 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
2439 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
2440 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
2441 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
2442 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
2443 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
2444 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
2445
2446 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
2447 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
2448 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
2449 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
2450 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
2451 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
2452 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
2453 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
2454
2455 <p>Vennlig hilsen
2456 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
2457 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
2458
2459 <p>Referanser:</p>
2460
2461 <ul>
2462
2463 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
2464 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
2465
2466 </ul>
2467
2468 </blockquote>
2469
2470 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
2471 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
2472
2473       </div>
2474       <div class="tags">
2475
2476
2477         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2478
2479
2480       </div>
2481     </div>
2482     <div class="padding"></div>
2483
2484     <div class="entry">
2485       <div class="title">
2486         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
2487       </div>
2488       <div class="date">
2489         13th October 2012
2490       </div>
2491       <div class="body">
2492         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
2493 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
2494 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
2495 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
2496 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
2497 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
2498
2499 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
2500 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
2501 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
2502 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
2503 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
2504 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
2505 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
2506 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
2507
2508 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
2509 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
2510
2511 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
2512 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
2513 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
2514 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
2515 krav!</p>
2516
2517       </div>
2518       <div class="tags">
2519
2520
2521         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
2522
2523
2524       </div>
2525     </div>
2526     <div class="padding"></div>
2527
2528     <div class="entry">
2529       <div class="title">
2530         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
2531       </div>
2532       <div class="date">
2533          2nd October 2012
2534       </div>
2535       <div class="body">
2536         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
2537 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
2538 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
2539 det vi sendte ut:</p>
2540
2541 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
2542
2543 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
2544 synonymordliste</strong></p>
2545
2546 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
2547 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
2548 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
2549
2550 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
2551 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
2552 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
2553 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
2554 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
2555 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
2556 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
2557
2558 <p><blockquote>
2559  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
2560    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
2561    Petter Reinholdtsen.
2562 </blockquote></p>
2563
2564 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
2565 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
2566 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
2567 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
2568
2569 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
2570 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
2571 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
2572 BSD.</p>
2573
2574 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
2575 fra prosjektsidene på
2576 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
2577 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
2578
2579 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
2580 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
2581 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
2582 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
2583 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
2584 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
2585
2586 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
2587 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
2588 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
2589 også svært velkomne.</p>
2590
2591 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
2592
2593 <p><blockquote>
2594 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
2595 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
2596 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
2597 </blockquote></p>
2598
2599 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
2600
2601 <ul>
2602
2603 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
2604     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
2605 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
2606     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
2607 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
2608     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
2609 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
2610     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
2611     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
2612 </ul>
2613
2614 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
2615
2616 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
2617
2618 <ul>
2619
2620 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
2621     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
2622 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
2623     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
2624 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
2625     control where to install these.</li>
2626 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
2627     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
2628 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
2629     updated script.</li>
2630 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
2631 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
2632     allowing words like e-post.</li>
2633 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
2634     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
2635 </ul>
2636
2637       </div>
2638       <div class="tags">
2639
2640
2641         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
2642
2643
2644       </div>
2645     </div>
2646     <div class="padding"></div>
2647
2648     <div class="entry">
2649       <div class="title">
2650         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
2651       </div>
2652       <div class="date">
2653         17th September 2012
2654       </div>
2655       <div class="body">
2656         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
2657 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2658 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
2659 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
2660 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
2661 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
2662 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
2663
2664 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2665
2666 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
2667 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
2668 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
2669 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
2670 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
2671 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
2672 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
2673 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
2674 training is anyway very important</p>
2675
2676 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
2677 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
2678 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
2679 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
2680 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
2681
2682 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
2683 project?</strong></p>
2684
2685 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
2686 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
2687 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
2688 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
2689 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
2690 hole.</p>
2691
2692 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2693 Edu?</strong></p>
2694
2695 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
2696 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
2697 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
2698 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
2699 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
2700 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
2701 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
2702 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
2703 hassle.</p>
2704
2705 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2706 Edu?</strong></p>
2707
2708 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
2709 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
2710 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
2711 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
2712 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
2713 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
2714 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
2715 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
2716
2717 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2718
2719 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
2720 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
2721 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
2722 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
2723 has the same...</p>
2724
2725 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
2726 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
2727 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
2728 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
2729
2730 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2731 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2732
2733 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
2734 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
2735 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
2736
2737 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
2738 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
2739 don't.</p>
2740
2741 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
2742 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
2743 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
2744 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
2745 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
2746 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
2747 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
2748
2749       </div>
2750       <div class="tags">
2751
2752
2753         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2754
2755
2756       </div>
2757     </div>
2758     <div class="padding"></div>
2759
2760     <div class="entry">
2761       <div class="title">
2762         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
2763       </div>
2764       <div class="date">
2765         15th August 2012
2766       </div>
2767       <div class="body">
2768         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
2769 et flott oppslag om bruken av
2770 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
2771 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
2772 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
2773 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
2774 vært vellykket.</p>
2775
2776 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
2777 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
2778 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
2779 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
2780
2781 <blockquote>
2782 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
2783   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
2784   Fedreheim."
2785 </blockquote>
2786
2787 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
2788 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
2789 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
2790
2791 <blockquote>
2792
2793 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
2794 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
2795 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
2796 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
2797 i nord."
2798
2799 </blockquote>
2800
2801 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
2802
2803 <blockquote>
2804 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
2805   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
2806   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
2807   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
2808 </blockquote>
2809
2810 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
2811 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
2812 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
2813 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
2814 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
2815 via
2816 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
2817
2818 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
2819 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
2820 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
2821 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
2822
2823       </div>
2824       <div class="tags">
2825
2826
2827         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2828
2829
2830       </div>
2831     </div>
2832     <div class="padding"></div>
2833
2834     <div class="entry">
2835       <div class="title">
2836         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
2837       </div>
2838       <div class="date">
2839         19th July 2012
2840       </div>
2841       <div class="body">
2842         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
2843 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
2844 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
2845 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
2846
2847 <p><blockquote>
2848 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
2849 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
2850 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
2851 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
2852 medlemsforeningen
2853 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
2854 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
2855 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
2856 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
2857 epostlisten
2858 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
2859 (og debian-edu-announce) og
2860 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
2861 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
2862 planlegges
2863 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
2864 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
2865
2866 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
2867 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
2868
2869 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
2870 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
2871 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
2872 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
2873 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
2874
2875 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
2876 å finne...</p>
2877 </blockquote></p>
2878 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
2879
2880       </div>
2881       <div class="tags">
2882
2883
2884         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2885
2886
2887       </div>
2888     </div>
2889     <div class="padding"></div>
2890
2891     <div class="entry">
2892       <div class="title">
2893         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
2894       </div>
2895       <div class="date">
2896          9th July 2012
2897       </div>
2898       <div class="body">
2899         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2900 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
2901 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
2902 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
2903 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
2904 to adjust and scale the just released
2905 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
2906 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
2907 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
2908
2909 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2910
2911 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
2912 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
2913 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
2914 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
2915 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
2916 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
2917 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
2918 perspective when working with IT.</p>
2919
2920 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
2921 project?</strong></p>
2922
2923 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
2924 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
2925 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
2926 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
2927 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
2928 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
2929
2930 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2931 Edu?</strong></p>
2932
2933 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
2934 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
2935 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
2936 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
2937 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
2938 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
2939 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
2940 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
2941 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
2942 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
2943 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
2944 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
2945 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
2946 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
2947 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
2948 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
2949 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
2950 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
2951 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
2952 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
2953 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
2954 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
2955 quicker to update.
2956
2957 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2958 Edu?</strong></p>
2959
2960 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
2961 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
2962 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
2963 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
2964 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
2965 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
2966
2967 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
2968 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
2969 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
2970 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
2971 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
2972 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
2973 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
2974 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
2975 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
2976 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
2977 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
2978 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
2979 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
2980 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
2981 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
2982
2983 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
2984 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
2985 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
2986 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
2987 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
2988 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
2989 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
2990 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
2991
2992 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
2993 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
2994 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
2995 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
2996 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
2997 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
2998 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
2999 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
3000 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
3001 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
3002 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
3003 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
3004 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
3005 sound file.</p>
3006
3007 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
3008 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
3009 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
3010 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
3011 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
3012 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
3013 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
3014 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
3015 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
3016
3017 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3018
3019 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
3020 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
3021 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
3022 )</p>
3023
3024 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3025 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3026
3027 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
3028 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
3029 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
3030 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
3031 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
3032 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
3033 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
3034 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
3035 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
3036 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
3037 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
3038 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
3039 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
3040 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
3041 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
3042
3043 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
3044 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
3045 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
3046 management with Airtime</a>,
3047 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
3048 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
3049 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
3050 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
3051 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
3052
3053       </div>
3054       <div class="tags">
3055
3056
3057         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3058
3059
3060       </div>
3061     </div>
3062     <div class="padding"></div>
3063
3064     <div class="entry">
3065       <div class="title">
3066         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
3067       </div>
3068       <div class="date">
3069          8th July 2012
3070       </div>
3071       <div class="body">
3072         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
3073 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
3074 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
3075 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
3076 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
3077 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
3078 Steinberg in his blog post
3079 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
3080 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
3081 spending of your tax money.</p>
3082
3083 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
3084 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
3085 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
3086 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
3087 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
3088 purchases.</p>
3089
3090       </div>
3091       <div class="tags">
3092
3093
3094         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3095
3096
3097       </div>
3098     </div>
3099     <div class="padding"></div>
3100
3101     <div class="entry">
3102       <div class="title">
3103         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
3104       </div>
3105       <div class="date">
3106          7th July 2012
3107       </div>
3108       <div class="body">
3109         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
3110 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
3111 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
3112 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
3113 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
3114 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
3115 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
3116 receive.  The software is
3117
3118 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
3119 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
3120 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
3121 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
3122 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
3123 Windows</a>.</p>
3124
3125 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
3126 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
3127
3128 <p><ul>
3129
3130   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
3131     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
3132
3133   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
3134     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
3135     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
3136     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
3137     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
3138     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
3139     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
3140     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
3141     </li>
3142
3143   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
3144     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
3145
3146   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
3147     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
3148
3149   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
3150     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
3151
3152   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
3153
3154   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
3155     formats </li>
3156
3157   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
3158     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
3159     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
3160     (as separate sets)</li>
3161
3162   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
3163     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
3164     percentage)</li>
3165
3166   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
3167     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
3168     memory):
3169     <ul>
3170       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
3171       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
3172       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
3173       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
3174       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
3175       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
3176       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
3177       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
3178       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
3179       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
3180           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
3181           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
3182           activity)</li>
3183       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
3184       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
3185     </ul></li>
3186
3187   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
3188     <ul>
3189       <li>Break periods</li>
3190       <li>For teacher(s):
3191         <ul>
3192           <li>Not available periods</li>
3193           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
3194           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
3195           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
3196           <li>Min hours daily</li>
3197           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
3198
3199           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
3200             days per week</li>
3201         </ul></li>
3202       <li>For students (sets):
3203         <ul>
3204           <li>Not available periods</li>
3205           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
3206           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
3207           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
3208           <li>Min hours daily</li>
3209           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
3210
3211           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
3212             days per week</li>
3213         </ul></li>
3214       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
3215         <ul>
3216           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
3217           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
3218           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
3219           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
3220           <li>End(s) students day</li>
3221           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
3222           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
3223             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
3224           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
3225           <li>Not overlapping</li>
3226           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
3227           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
3228         </ul></li>
3229     </ul></li>
3230
3231   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
3232     <ul>
3233       <li>Room not available periods</li>
3234       <li>For teacher(s):
3235         <ul>
3236           <li>Home room(s)</li>
3237           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
3238           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
3239         </ul>
3240       </li>
3241
3242       <li>For students (sets):
3243         <ul>
3244           <li>Home room(s)</li>
3245           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
3246           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
3247         </ul>
3248       </li>
3249       <li>Preferred room(s):
3250         <ul>
3251           <li>For a subject</li>
3252           <li>For an activity tag</li>
3253           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
3254           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
3255         </ul>
3256       </li>
3257
3258       <li>For a set of activities:
3259         <ul>
3260           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
3261         </ul>
3262       </li>
3263     </ul>
3264   </li>
3265 </ul></p>
3266
3267 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
3268 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
3269 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
3270 manually, check it out.
3271
3272 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
3273 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
3274 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
3275 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
3276 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
3277 section</a>.</p>
3278
3279       </div>
3280       <div class="tags">
3281
3282
3283         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3284
3285
3286       </div>
3287     </div>
3288     <div class="padding"></div>
3289
3290     <div class="entry">
3291       <div class="title">
3292         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
3293       </div>
3294       <div class="date">
3295         30th June 2012
3296       </div>
3297       <div class="body">
3298         <p>Tidligere leder av
3299 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
3300 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
3301 i media og
3302 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
3303 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
3304 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
3305 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
3306 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
3307 noen måneder etter at
3308 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
3309 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
3310
3311 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3312
3313 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
3314 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
3315 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
3316 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
3317 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
3318 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
3319
3320 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3321
3322 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
3323 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
3324 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
3325 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
3326 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
3327 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
3328 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
3329 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
3330 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
3331 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
3332 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
3333 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
3334 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
3335 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
3336 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
3337 Windows.</p>
3338
3339 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3340
3341 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
3342 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
3343 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
3344 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
3345 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
3346 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
3347 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
3348 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
3349 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
3350 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
3351
3352 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3353
3354 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
3355 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
3356 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
3357 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
3358
3359 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3360
3361 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
3362 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
3363 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
3364 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
3365 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
3366 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
3367 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
3368 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
3369 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
3370
3371 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3372 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3373
3374 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
3375 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
3376 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
3377 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
3378 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
3379 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
3380 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
3381 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
3382
3383       </div>
3384       <div class="tags">
3385
3386
3387         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3388
3389
3390       </div>
3391     </div>
3392     <div class="padding"></div>
3393
3394     <div class="entry">
3395       <div class="title">
3396         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
3397       </div>
3398       <div class="date">
3399         26th June 2012
3400       </div>
3401       <div class="body">
3402         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
3403 another interview with the people behind
3404 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
3405 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
3406 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
3407 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
3408 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
3409 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
3410 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
3411
3412 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3413
3414 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
3415 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
3416 ICT in schools</p>
3417
3418 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3419 project?</strong></p>
3420
3421 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
3422 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
3423 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
3424 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
3425
3426 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3427 Edu?</strong></p>
3428
3429 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
3430 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
3431 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
3432 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
3433
3434 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3435 Edu?</strong></p>
3436
3437 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
3438 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
3439 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
3440 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
3441 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
3442 technologies in school.</p>
3443
3444 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3445
3446 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
3447 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
3448 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
3449
3450 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3451 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3452
3453 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
3454 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
3455 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
3456 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
3457
3458 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
3459 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
3460 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
3461
3462 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
3463 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
3464 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
3465 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
3466 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
3467 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
3468 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
3469 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
3470 working there.</p>
3471
3472       </div>
3473       <div class="tags">
3474
3475
3476         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3477
3478
3479       </div>
3480     </div>
3481     <div class="padding"></div>
3482
3483     <div class="entry">
3484       <div class="title">
3485         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
3486       </div>
3487       <div class="date">
3488         11th June 2012
3489       </div>
3490       <div class="body">
3491         <p>During my work on
3492 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
3493 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
3494 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
3495 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
3496 explanation.</p>
3497
3498 <p><ul>
3499
3500 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
3501 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
3502 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
3503 system depend on tasksel tasks in
3504 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
3505 installation.</li>
3506
3507 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
3508 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
3509 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
3510 at least try to enable it for these services:
3511 <ul>
3512
3513   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
3514     quotas.</li>
3515   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
3516   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
3517   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
3518   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
3519   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
3520
3521 </ul></li>
3522
3523 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
3524 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
3525 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
3526 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
3527
3528 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
3529 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
3530 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
3531
3532 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
3533 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
3534 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
3535 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
3536 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
3537 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
3538
3539 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
3540 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
3541 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
3542 in Wheezy.
3543
3544 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
3545 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
3546 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
3547
3548 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
3549 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
3550 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
3551 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
3552
3553 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
3554 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
3555 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
3556 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
3557
3558 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
3559 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
3560 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
3561
3562 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
3563 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
3564 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
3565
3566 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
3567 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
3568 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
3569 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
3570 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
3571
3572 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
3573 <ul>
3574
3575 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
3576 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
3577 <li>and probably more?</li>
3578 </ul></li>
3579
3580 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
3581 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
3582 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
3583 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
3584 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
3585 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
3586 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
3587 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
3588
3589
3590 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
3591 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
3592 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
3593 use.</li>
3594
3595 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
3596 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
3597 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
3598 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
3599 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
3600
3601 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
3602 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
3603 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
3604 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
3605 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
3606 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
3607
3608 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
3609 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
3610 There are at least three implementations,
3611 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
3612 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
3613 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
3614 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
3615 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
3616 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
3617 given room.</li>
3618
3619 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
3620 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
3621 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
3622 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
3623 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
3624 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
3625 investigated.</li>
3626
3627 </ul></p>
3628
3629 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
3630 version.</p>
3631
3632       </div>
3633       <div class="tags">
3634
3635
3636         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3637
3638
3639       </div>
3640     </div>
3641     <div class="padding"></div>
3642
3643     <div class="entry">
3644       <div class="title">
3645         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
3646       </div>
3647       <div class="date">
3648          2nd June 2012
3649       </div>
3650       <div class="body">
3651         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
3652 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3653 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
3654 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
3655 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
3656 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
3657
3658 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3659
3660 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
3661 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
3662 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
3663 by Angela).</p>
3664
3665 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
3666 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
3667 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
3668 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
3669 becoming an osteopath.</p>
3670
3671 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
3672 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
3673 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
3674 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
3675 skills with communication skills.</p>
3676
3677 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3678 project?</strong></p>
3679
3680 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
3681 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
3682 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
3683 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
3684 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
3685
3686 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
3687 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
3688 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
3689 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
3690 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
3691 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
3692 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
3693 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
3694 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
3695
3696 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
3697 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
3698 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
3699
3700 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
3701
3702 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
3703 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
3704 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
3705 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
3706 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
3707 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
3708 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
3709 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
3710 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
3711 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
3712 point.</p>
3713
3714 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
3715 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
3716 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
3717 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
3718 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
3719 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
3720
3721 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
3722 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
3723 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
3724 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
3725 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
3726 spare time.</p>
3727
3728 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
3729 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
3730 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
3731 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
3732 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
3733
3734 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
3735 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
3736 avoidance do exist.</p>
3737
3738 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
3739 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
3740 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
3741 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
3742 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
3743 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
3744 and probably a gain for all.</p>
3745
3746 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3747 Edu?</strong></p>
3748
3749 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
3750 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
3751 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
3752 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
3753 project communication, honest communication within the group of
3754 developers, etc.</p>
3755
3756 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3757 Edu?</strong></p>
3758
3759 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
3760
3761 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
3762 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
3763 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
3764 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
3765 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
3766 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
3767 contribute).</p>
3768
3769 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
3770 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
3771 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
3772 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
3773 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
3774 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
3775 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
3776 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
3777 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
3778 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
3779
3780 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3781
3782 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
3783
3784 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
3785 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
3786 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
3787
3788 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
3789 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
3790 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
3791 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
3792
3793 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
3794 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
3795 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
3796 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
3797 whiteboard.</p>
3798
3799 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
3800
3801 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3802 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3803
3804 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
3805 enrol people.</p>
3806
3807       </div>
3808       <div class="tags">
3809
3810
3811         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3812
3813
3814       </div>
3815     </div>
3816     <div class="padding"></div>
3817
3818     <div class="entry">
3819       <div class="title">
3820         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
3821       </div>
3822       <div class="date">
3823         27th May 2012
3824       </div>
3825       <div class="body">
3826         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
3827 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3828 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
3829 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
3830 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
3831 since then, helping to make sure the
3832 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
3833 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
3834
3835 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3836
3837 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
3838 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
3839 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
3840 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
3841 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
3842 our computer network.</p>
3843
3844 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
3845 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
3846 (4 months).</p>
3847
3848 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
3849 project?</strong></p>
3850
3851 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
3852 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
3853 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
3854 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
3855 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
3856 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
3857 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
3858 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
3859 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
3860 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
3861 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
3862 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
3863 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
3864 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
3865
3866 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3867 Edu?</strong></p>
3868
3869 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
3870 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
3871 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
3872 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
3873 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
3874 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
3875 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
3876 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
3877
3878 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
3879 Edu?</strong></p>
3880
3881 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
3882 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
3883 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
3884 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
3885 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
3886 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
3887 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
3888 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
3889 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
3890 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
3891 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
3892 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
3893
3894 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3895
3896 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
3897 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
3898 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
3899
3900 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3901 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3902
3903 <p><ol>
3904
3905 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
3906 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
3907 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
3908 developing.</li>
3909
3910 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
3911 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
3912 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
3913 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
3914 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
3915
3916 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
3917 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
3918 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
3919
3920 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
3921 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
3922 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
3923 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
3924
3925 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
3926 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
3927 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
3928
3929 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
3930
3931 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
3932 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
3933 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
3934 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
3935
3936 </ol></p>
3937
3938       </div>
3939       <div class="tags">
3940
3941
3942         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3943
3944
3945       </div>
3946     </div>
3947     <div class="padding"></div>
3948
3949     <div class="entry">
3950       <div class="title">
3951         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
3952       </div>
3953       <div class="date">
3954         20th May 2012
3955       </div>
3956       <div class="body">
3957         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
3958 musiker og mannen bak
3959 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
3960 i Rosegarden</a>
3961 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
3962 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
3963 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
3964 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
3965 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
3966 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
3967
3968 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3969
3970 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
3971 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
3972 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
3973 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
3974 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
3975 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
3976 musikkundervisning.</p>
3977
3978 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
3979 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
3980
3981 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
3982 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
3983 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
3984 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
3985 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
3986 dette operativsystemet.</p>
3987
3988 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3989
3990 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
3991 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
3992 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
3993 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
3994
3995 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3996
3997 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
3998 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
3999 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
4000 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
4001 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
4002
4003 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4004
4005 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
4006 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
4007 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
4008
4009 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
4010 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
4011 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
4012 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
4013 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
4014 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
4015 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
4016 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
4017 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
4018 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
4019 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
4020 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
4021
4022 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
4023 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
4024
4025 <p>Eksempel:</p>
4026
4027 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
4028 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
4029 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
4030 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
4031 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
4032 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
4033
4034 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
4035 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
4036 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
4037
4038 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
4039 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
4040 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
4041
4042 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
4043 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
4044 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
4045 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
4046 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
4047 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
4048 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
4049 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
4050
4051 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4052
4053 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
4054 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
4055
4056 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4057 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4058
4059 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
4060 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
4061 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
4062 alternativer.
4063
4064       </div>
4065       <div class="tags">
4066
4067
4068         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4069
4070
4071       </div>
4072     </div>
4073     <div class="padding"></div>
4074
4075     <div class="entry">
4076       <div class="title">
4077         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
4078       </div>
4079       <div class="date">
4080         13th May 2012
4081       </div>
4082       <div class="body">
4083         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
4084 publish another interview with the people behind
4085 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
4086 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
4087 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
4088 details get right before release.
4089
4090 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4091
4092 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
4093 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
4094 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
4095 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
4096 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
4097 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
4098 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
4099 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
4100
4101 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
4102 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
4103 home since 2006.</p>
4104
4105 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4106 project?</strong></p>
4107
4108 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
4109 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
4110 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
4111 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
4112 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
4113 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
4114
4115 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
4116 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
4117 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
4118 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
4119 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
4120 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
4121 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
4122 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
4123 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
4124 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
4125 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
4126 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
4127 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
4128 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
4129 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
4130 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
4131
4132 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4133 Edu?</strong></p>
4134
4135 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
4136 for me as today.</p>
4137
4138 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
4139
4140 <p><ul>
4141
4142 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
4143 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
4144
4145 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
4146 cost.</li>
4147
4148 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
4149 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
4150 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
4151 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
4152 server</li>
4153
4154 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
4155 school.</li>
4156
4157 </ul></p>
4158
4159 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
4160 came up in this way:</p>
4161
4162 <p><ul>
4163
4164 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
4165 now.</li>
4166
4167 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
4168 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
4169 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
4170
4171 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
4172 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
4173 interfaces used in the past.</li>
4174
4175 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
4176 different needs.</li>
4177
4178 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
4179
4180 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
4181 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
4182 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
4183
4184 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
4185 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
4186
4187 </ul></p>
4188
4189 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4190 Edu?</strong></p>
4191
4192 <p><ul>
4193
4194 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
4195 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
4196 whole municipality areas.</li>
4197
4198 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
4199 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
4200 politicians.</li>
4201
4202 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
4203
4204 </ul></p>
4205
4206 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4207
4208 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
4209 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
4210 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
4211 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
4212 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
4213 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
4214
4215 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
4216 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
4217 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
4218 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
4219 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
4220
4221 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4222 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4223
4224 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
4225 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
4226 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
4227
4228       </div>
4229       <div class="tags">
4230
4231
4232         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4233
4234
4235       </div>
4236     </div>
4237     <div class="padding"></div>
4238
4239     <div class="entry">
4240       <div class="title">
4241         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
4242       </div>
4243       <div class="date">
4244         15th April 2012
4245       </div>
4246       <div class="body">
4247         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
4248 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
4249 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
4250 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
4251 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
4252
4253 <p><blockquote>
4254
4255 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
4256 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
4257 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
4258 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
4259 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
4260 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
4261 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
4262
4263 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
4264 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
4265 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
4266 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
4267 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
4268 er:</p>
4269
4270 <ul>
4271 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
4272 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
4273 </ul>
4274
4275 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
4276 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
4277 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
4278 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
4279 dialog med informantene.</p>
4280
4281 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
4282 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
4283 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
4284 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
4285 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
4286 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
4287 OpenOffice.org.</p>
4288
4289 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
4290 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
4291 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
4292 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
4293 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
4294 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
4295 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
4296 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
4297 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
4298 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
4299 formater.</p>
4300
4301 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
4302 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
4303 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
4304 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
4305 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
4306 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
4307 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
4308 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
4309 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
4310 </blockquote></p>
4311
4312 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
4313 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
4314 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
4315 til DUO...</p>
4316
4317
4318       </div>
4319       <div class="tags">
4320
4321
4322         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4323
4324
4325       </div>
4326     </div>
4327     <div class="padding"></div>
4328
4329     <div class="entry">
4330       <div class="title">
4331         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
4332       </div>
4333       <div class="date">
4334         15th April 2012
4335       </div>
4336       <div class="body">
4337         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
4338 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
4339 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
4340 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
4341 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
4342 up in the recently released
4343 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
4344 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4345
4346 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4347
4348 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
4349 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
4350 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
4351 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
4352 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
4353 information technology and science/technology.</p>
4354
4355 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4356 project?</strong></p>
4357
4358 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
4359 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
4360 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
4361 contributing.</p>
4362
4363 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4364 Edu?</strong></p>
4365
4366 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
4367 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
4368 Debian Project!</p>
4369
4370 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4371 Edu?</strong></p>
4372
4373 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
4374 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
4375 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
4376 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
4377 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
4378 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
4379 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
4380
4381 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
4382 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
4383
4384 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4385
4386 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
4387 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
4388 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
4389 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
4390
4391 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4392 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4393
4394 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
4395 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
4396 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
4397 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
4398 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
4399 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
4400 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
4401
4402 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
4403 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
4404 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
4405 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
4406 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
4407 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
4408 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
4409 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
4410
4411       </div>
4412       <div class="tags">
4413
4414
4415         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4416
4417
4418       </div>
4419     </div>
4420     <div class="padding"></div>
4421
4422     <div class="entry">
4423       <div class="title">
4424         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
4425       </div>
4426       <div class="date">
4427          8th April 2012
4428       </div>
4429       <div class="body">
4430         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
4431 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
4432 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
4433 contributor to the
4434 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
4435 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
4436
4437 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4438
4439 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
4440 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
4441
4442 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4443 project?</strong></p>
4444
4445 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
4446 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
4447 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
4448 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
4449 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
4450 "localisation".</p>
4451
4452 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4453 Edu?</strong></p>
4454
4455 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4456 Edu?</strong></p>
4457
4458 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
4459 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
4460 education system.</p>
4461
4462 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
4463 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
4464 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
4465 money on the latest hardware.</p>
4466
4467 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4468
4469 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
4470 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
4471 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
4472
4473 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4474 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4475
4476 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
4477 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
4478 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
4479
4480       </div>
4481       <div class="tags">
4482
4483
4484         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4485
4486
4487       </div>
4488     </div>
4489     <div class="padding"></div>
4490
4491     <div class="entry">
4492       <div class="title">
4493         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
4494       </div>
4495       <div class="date">
4496          6th April 2012
4497       </div>
4498       <div class="body">
4499         <p>Recently I have spent time with
4500 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
4501 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
4502 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
4503 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
4504 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
4505 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
4506 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
4507 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
4508
4509 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
4510 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
4511 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
4512 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
4513 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
4514 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
4515 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
4516 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
4517
4518 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
4519 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
4520 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
4521 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
4522 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
4523 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
4524 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
4525 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
4526
4527 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
4528 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
4529 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
4530 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
4531 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
4532 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
4533 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
4534 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
4535 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
4536 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
4537
4538 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
4539 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
4540 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
4541 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
4542
4543 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
4544 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
4545
4546       </div>
4547       <div class="tags">
4548
4549
4550         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4551
4552
4553       </div>
4554     </div>
4555     <div class="padding"></div>
4556
4557     <div class="entry">
4558       <div class="title">
4559         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
4560       </div>
4561       <div class="date">
4562          5th April 2012
4563       </div>
4564       <div class="body">
4565         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
4566 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
4567 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
4568 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
4569 for schools.  Check out his article
4570 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
4571 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
4572
4573       </div>
4574       <div class="tags">
4575
4576
4577         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4578
4579
4580       </div>
4581     </div>
4582     <div class="padding"></div>
4583
4584     <div class="entry">
4585       <div class="title">
4586         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
4587       </div>
4588       <div class="date">
4589          1st April 2012
4590       </div>
4591       <div class="body">
4592         <p>Germany is a core area for the
4593 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4594 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
4595 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
4596
4597 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4598
4599 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
4600 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
4601 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
4602 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
4603 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
4604 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
4605 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
4606 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
4607
4608 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
4609 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
4610 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
4611 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
4612 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
4613 the end of April this year.</p>
4614
4615 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4616 project?</strong></p>
4617
4618 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
4619 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
4620 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
4621 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
4622 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
4623 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
4624 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
4625 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
4626 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
4627 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
4628 Skolelinux.</p>
4629
4630 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
4631 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
4632 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
4633 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
4634 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
4635 the admin teachers.</p>
4636
4637 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4638 Edu?</strong></p>
4639
4640 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
4641 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
4642 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
4643
4644 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
4645 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
4646 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
4647 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
4648 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
4649
4650 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4651 Edu?</strong></p>
4652
4653 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
4654
4655 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4656
4657 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
4658 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
4659 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
4660 LibreOffice.</p>
4661
4662 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4663 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4664
4665 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
4666 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
4667 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
4668
4669       </div>
4670       <div class="tags">
4671
4672
4673         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4674
4675
4676       </div>
4677     </div>
4678     <div class="padding"></div>
4679
4680     <div class="entry">
4681       <div class="title">
4682         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
4683       </div>
4684       <div class="date">
4685         30th March 2012
4686       </div>
4687       <div class="body">
4688         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
4689 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
4690 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
4691
4692 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
4693 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
4694
4695 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
4696
4697 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
4698 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
4699 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
4700 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
4701 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
4702
4703 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
4704 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
4705 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
4706 Nord-Odal:</p>
4707
4708 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
4709 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
4710 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
4711 pengene."</blockquote></p>
4712
4713 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
4714 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
4715 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
4716 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
4717 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
4718 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
4719 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
4720 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
4721
4722 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
4723
4724 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
4725 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
4726 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
4727 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
4728 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
4729 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
4730 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
4731 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
4732
4733 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
4734 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
4735 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
4736 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
4737 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
4738 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
4739 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
4740 Norge og verden.</p>
4741
4742 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
4743
4744 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
4745 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
4746
4747 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
4748
4749 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
4750
4751 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
4752
4753 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
4754 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
4755
4756 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
4757
4758 <p><ul>
4759
4760  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
4761  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
4762  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
4763  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
4764  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
4765  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
4766  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
4767
4768 </ul></p>
4769
4770       </div>
4771       <div class="tags">
4772
4773
4774         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4775
4776
4777       </div>
4778     </div>
4779     <div class="padding"></div>
4780
4781     <div class="entry">
4782       <div class="title">
4783         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
4784       </div>
4785       <div class="date">
4786         28th March 2012
4787       </div>
4788       <div class="body">
4789         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
4790 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
4791 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
4792 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
4793
4794 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4795
4796 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
4797 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
4798 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
4799 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
4800
4801 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
4802 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
4803 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
4804 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
4805 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
4806 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
4807 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
4808 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
4809
4810 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
4811 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4812
4813 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
4814 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
4815 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
4816 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
4817 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
4818 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
4819 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
4820 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
4821 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
4822 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
4823 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
4824 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
4825 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
4826 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
4827 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
4828 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
4829 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
4830 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
4831 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
4832 logistikkproblemer.</p>
4833
4834 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4835
4836 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
4837 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
4838 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
4839 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
4840 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
4841 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
4842 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
4843 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
4844 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
4845 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
4846 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
4847 samarbeid med andre.
4848
4849 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
4850 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
4851 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
4852
4853 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4854
4855 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
4856 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
4857 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
4858 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
4859 dette for enhver pris.</p>
4860
4861 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
4862 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
4863 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
4864 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
4865 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
4866 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
4867 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
4868
4869 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
4870 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
4871 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
4872 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
4873
4874 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
4875 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
4876 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
4877 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
4878 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
4879 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
4880
4881 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
4882 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
4883 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
4884 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
4885 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
4886 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
4887
4888 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
4889 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
4890 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
4891 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
4892 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
4893 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
4894 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
4895 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
4896 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
4897 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
4898
4899 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4900
4901 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
4902 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
4903 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
4904 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
4905 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
4906 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
4907 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
4908 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
4909 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
4910 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
4911 Bill G sine produkter.
4912
4913 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4914 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4915
4916 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
4917 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
4918 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
4919 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
4920 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
4921 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
4922 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
4923 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
4924 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
4925
4926       </div>
4927       <div class="tags">
4928
4929
4930         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4931
4932
4933       </div>
4934     </div>
4935     <div class="padding"></div>
4936
4937     <div class="entry">
4938       <div class="title">
4939         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
4940       </div>
4941       <div class="date">
4942         25th March 2012
4943       </div>
4944       <div class="body">
4945         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
4946
4947 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
4948 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
4949 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
4950 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
4951 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
4952 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
4953 and download as a
4954 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
4955 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
4956
4957 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
4958   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
4959     <p>Download video as
4960       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
4961 </video></p>
4962
4963       </div>
4964       <div class="tags">
4965
4966
4967         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4968
4969
4970       </div>
4971     </div>
4972     <div class="padding"></div>
4973
4974     <div class="entry">
4975       <div class="title">
4976         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
4977       </div>
4978       <div class="date">
4979         19th March 2012
4980       </div>
4981       <div class="body">
4982         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
4983 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
4984 Et eksempel er
4985 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
4986 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
4987 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
4988 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
4989 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
4990 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
4991 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
4992 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
4993 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
4994 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
4995 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
4996 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
4997 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
4998
4999 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
5000 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
5001 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
5002 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
5003 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
5004
5005 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
5006 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
5007 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
5008 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
5009 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
5010 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
5011 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
5012 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
5013
5014 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
5015 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
5016 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
5017
5018 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
5019 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
5020 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
5021 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
5022
5023 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
5024 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
5025
5026       </div>
5027       <div class="tags">
5028
5029
5030         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5031
5032
5033       </div>
5034     </div>
5035     <div class="padding"></div>
5036
5037     <div class="entry">
5038       <div class="title">
5039         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
5040       </div>
5041       <div class="date">
5042         19th March 2012
5043       </div>
5044       <div class="body">
5045         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5046 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
5047 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
5048 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
5049 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
5050
5051 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5052
5053 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
5054 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
5055 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
5056 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
5057 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
5058 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
5059 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
5060 installations.</p>
5061
5062 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5063 project?</strong></p>
5064
5065 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
5066 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
5067 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
5068 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
5069 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
5070 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
5071 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
5072 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
5073 these things we decided to try it.</p>
5074
5075 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5076 Edu?</strong></p>
5077
5078 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
5079 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
5080 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
5081 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
5082 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
5083 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
5084 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
5085 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
5086
5087 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5088 Edu?</strong></p>
5089
5090 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
5091 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
5092 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
5093 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
5094 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
5095
5096 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5097
5098 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
5099 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
5100 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
5101 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
5102 that counts...)</p>
5103
5104 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5105 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5106
5107 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
5108 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
5109 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
5110 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
5111 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
5112 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
5113 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
5114 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
5115 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
5116 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
5117 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
5118
5119 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
5120 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
5121 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
5122
5123       </div>
5124       <div class="tags">
5125
5126
5127         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5128
5129
5130       </div>
5131     </div>
5132     <div class="padding"></div>
5133
5134     <div class="entry">
5135       <div class="title">
5136         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
5137       </div>
5138       <div class="date">
5139         16th March 2012
5140       </div>
5141       <div class="body">
5142         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
5143 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
5144 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
5145 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
5146
5147 <ol>
5148
5149 <li>The documentation is written in a
5150 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
5151 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
5152 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
5153 docbook XML.</li>
5154
5155 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
5156 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
5157 with the translated text.</li>
5158
5159 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
5160 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
5161 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
5162 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
5163 images.</li>
5164
5165 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
5166 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
5167
5168 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
5169 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
5170
5171 </ol>
5172
5173 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
5174 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
5175 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
5176 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
5177 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
5178
5179 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
5180 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
5181 package</a>.</p>
5182
5183       </div>
5184       <div class="tags">
5185
5186
5187         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5188
5189
5190       </div>
5191     </div>
5192     <div class="padding"></div>
5193
5194     <div class="entry">
5195       <div class="title">
5196         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
5197       </div>
5198       <div class="date">
5199         13th March 2012
5200       </div>
5201       <div class="body">
5202         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
5203 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
5204 er tilgjengelige allerede og
5205 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
5206 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
5207 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
5208 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
5209 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
5210 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
5211 likevel.</p>
5212
5213       </div>
5214       <div class="tags">
5215
5216
5217         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
5218
5219
5220       </div>
5221     </div>
5222     <div class="padding"></div>
5223
5224     <div class="entry">
5225       <div class="title">
5226         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
5227       </div>
5228       <div class="date">
5229         12th March 2012
5230       </div>
5231       <div class="body">
5232         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
5233 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
5234 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
5235 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
5236 styremedlem i foreningen
5237 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5238 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
5239 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
5240 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
5241 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
5242 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
5243 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
5244 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
5245 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
5246 veien.</p>
5247
5248 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5249
5250 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
5251 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
5252 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
5253 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
5254 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
5255 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
5256 slutten.</p>
5257
5258 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5259
5260 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
5261 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
5262 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
5263 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
5264 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
5265 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
5266 admin-siden).</p>
5267
5268 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5269
5270 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
5271 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
5272 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
5273 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
5274 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
5275 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
5276
5277 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5278
5279 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
5280 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
5281 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
5282 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
5283 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
5284 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
5285 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
5286
5287 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5288
5289 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
5290 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
5291 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
5292 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
5293
5294 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5295 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5296
5297 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
5298 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
5299 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
5300 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
5301 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
5302 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
5303 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
5304 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
5305 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
5306 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
5307 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
5308 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
5309 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
5310 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
5311 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
5312 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
5313 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
5314 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
5315
5316       </div>
5317       <div class="tags">
5318
5319
5320         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5321
5322
5323       </div>
5324     </div>
5325     <div class="padding"></div>
5326
5327     <div class="entry">
5328       <div class="title">
5329         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
5330       </div>
5331       <div class="date">
5332         11th March 2012
5333       </div>
5334       <div class="body">
5335         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
5336 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
5337 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
5338 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
5339 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
5340 you have not done so already.</p>
5341
5342 <p>I plan to present the new version at
5343 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
5344 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
5345 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
5346
5347       </div>
5348       <div class="tags">
5349
5350
5351         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5352
5353
5354       </div>
5355     </div>
5356     <div class="padding"></div>
5357
5358     <div class="entry">
5359       <div class="title">
5360         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
5361       </div>
5362       <div class="date">
5363          9th March 2012
5364       </div>
5365       <div class="body">
5366         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
5367 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
5368 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
5369 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
5370 more international audience.</p>
5371
5372 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
5373 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
5374 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
5375 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
5376 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
5377 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
5378 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
5379
5380
5381 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5382
5383 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
5384 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
5385 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
5386 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
5387 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
5388 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
5389 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
5390 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
5391 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
5392 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
5393 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
5394
5395 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5396 project?</strong></p>
5397
5398 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
5399 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
5400 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
5401 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
5402 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
5403 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
5404 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
5405 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
5406 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
5407 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
5408 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
5409 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
5410 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
5411
5412 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5413 Edu?</strong></p>
5414
5415 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
5416 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
5417 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
5418 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
5419 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
5420 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
5421 Japan.</p>
5422
5423 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5424 Edu?</strong></p>
5425
5426 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
5427 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
5428 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
5429 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
5430 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
5431 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
5432 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
5433 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
5434 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
5435 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
5436 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
5437 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
5438 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
5439 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
5440 help.</p>
5441
5442 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5443
5444 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
5445 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
5446 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
5447 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
5448 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
5449 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
5450 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
5451 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
5452 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
5453 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
5454 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
5455
5456 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5457 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5458
5459 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
5460 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
5461 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
5462 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
5463 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
5464 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
5465 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
5466 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
5467 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
5468 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
5469 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
5470 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
5471
5472       </div>
5473       <div class="tags">
5474
5475
5476         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5477
5478
5479       </div>
5480     </div>
5481     <div class="padding"></div>
5482
5483     <div class="entry">
5484       <div class="title">
5485         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
5486       </div>
5487       <div class="date">
5488          7th March 2012
5489       </div>
5490       <div class="body">
5491         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
5492
5493 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
5494 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
5495 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
5496 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
5497 download as a
5498 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
5499 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
5500
5501 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
5502   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
5503     <p>Download video as
5504       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
5505 </video></p>
5506
5507       </div>
5508       <div class="tags">
5509
5510
5511         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5512
5513
5514       </div>
5515     </div>
5516     <div class="padding"></div>
5517
5518     <div class="entry">
5519       <div class="title">
5520         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
5521       </div>
5522       <div class="date">
5523          4th March 2012
5524       </div>
5525       <div class="body">
5526         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
5527 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5528 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
5529 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
5530 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
5531 need a software solution for your school.</p>
5532
5533       </div>
5534       <div class="tags">
5535
5536
5537         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5538
5539
5540       </div>
5541     </div>
5542     <div class="padding"></div>
5543
5544     <div class="entry">
5545       <div class="title">
5546         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
5547       </div>
5548       <div class="date">
5549          3rd March 2012
5550       </div>
5551       <div class="body">
5552         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
5553 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
5554 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
5555 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
5556 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
5557 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
5558 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
5559 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
5560 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
5561 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
5562 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
5563 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
5564 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
5565 year...</p>
5566
5567 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
5568 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
5569 name,
5570 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
5571 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
5572 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
5573 mean). I've been following
5574 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
5575 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
5576 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
5577 Check it out. :)</p>
5578
5579       </div>
5580       <div class="tags">
5581
5582
5583         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
5584
5585
5586       </div>
5587     </div>
5588     <div class="padding"></div>
5589
5590     <div class="entry">
5591       <div class="title">
5592         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
5593       </div>
5594       <div class="date">
5595         27th February 2012
5596       </div>
5597       <div class="body">
5598         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5599 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
5600 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
5601 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
5602 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
5603
5604 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5605
5606 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
5607 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
5608 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
5609
5610 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5611
5612 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
5613 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
5614 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
5615 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
5616
5617 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
5618 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5619
5620 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
5621 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
5622
5623 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5624
5625 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
5626 løsninger.</p>
5627
5628 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5629 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5630
5631 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
5632 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
5633 under dette.</p>
5634
5635       </div>
5636       <div class="tags">
5637
5638
5639         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5640
5641
5642       </div>
5643     </div>
5644     <div class="padding"></div>
5645
5646     <div class="entry">
5647       <div class="title">
5648         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
5649       </div>
5650       <div class="date">
5651         27th February 2012
5652       </div>
5653       <div class="body">
5654         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
5655 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
5656 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
5657 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
5658 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
5659 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
5660 need a software solution for your school.</p>
5661
5662       </div>
5663       <div class="tags">
5664
5665
5666         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5667
5668
5669       </div>
5670     </div>
5671     <div class="padding"></div>
5672
5673     <div class="entry">
5674       <div class="title">
5675         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
5676       </div>
5677       <div class="date">
5678         21st February 2012
5679       </div>
5680       <div class="body">
5681         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5682 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
5683 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
5684 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5685 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
5686
5687 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5688
5689 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
5690 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
5691 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
5692 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
5693 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
5694 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
5695 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
5696 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
5697
5698 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5699
5700 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
5701 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
5702 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
5703 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
5704 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
5705 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
5706 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
5707 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
5708 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
5709
5710 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
5711 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
5712 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
5713 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
5714
5715 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
5716 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
5717 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
5718 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
5719 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
5720 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
5721 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
5722 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
5723 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
5724 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
5725
5726 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5727
5728 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
5729 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
5730 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
5731 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
5732
5733 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
5734 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
5735 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
5736 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
5737 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
5738 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
5739 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
5740 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
5741
5742 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
5743 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
5744 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
5745 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
5746 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
5747 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
5748 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
5749 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
5750 PC-er.</p>
5751
5752 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5753
5754 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
5755 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
5756 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
5757 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
5758 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
5759 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
5760 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
5761 Foundation.</p>
5762
5763 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
5764 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
5765 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
5766 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
5767 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
5768 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
5769 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
5770 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
5771
5772 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
5773 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
5774 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
5775 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
5776 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
5777 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
5778 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
5779 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
5780
5781 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
5782 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
5783 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
5784 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
5785 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
5786 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
5787 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
5788 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
5789 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
5790 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
5791
5792 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5793
5794 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
5795 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
5796 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
5797 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
5798 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
5799 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
5800
5801 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5802 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5803
5804 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
5805 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
5806 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
5807 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
5808 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
5809 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
5810 støttetjenester.</p>
5811
5812 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
5813 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
5814 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
5815 selges til kommuner.</p>
5816
5817       </div>
5818       <div class="tags">
5819
5820
5821         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5822
5823
5824       </div>
5825     </div>
5826     <div class="padding"></div>
5827
5828     <div class="entry">
5829       <div class="title">
5830         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
5831       </div>
5832       <div class="date">
5833         19th February 2012
5834       </div>
5835       <div class="body">
5836         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
5837 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
5838 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
5839 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
5840 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
5841 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
5842 solution for your school.</p>
5843
5844       </div>
5845       <div class="tags">
5846
5847
5848         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5849
5850
5851       </div>
5852     </div>
5853     <div class="padding"></div>
5854
5855     <div class="entry">
5856       <div class="title">
5857         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
5858       </div>
5859       <div class="date">
5860         18th February 2012
5861       </div>
5862       <div class="body">
5863         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
5864 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
5865 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
5866 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
5867 Skolen</a>.</p>
5868
5869 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5870
5871 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
5872 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
5873 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
5874
5875 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5876
5877 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
5878 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
5879 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
5880 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
5881 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
5882 familien.</p>
5883
5884 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5885
5886 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
5887 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
5888 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
5889 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
5890 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
5891
5892 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5893
5894 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
5895 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
5896 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
5897 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
5898
5899 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5900
5901 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
5902 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
5903 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
5904 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
5905 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
5906 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
5907 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
5908 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
5909
5910 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5911 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5912
5913 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
5914 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
5915 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
5916 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
5917 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
5918 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
5919 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
5920 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
5921 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
5922 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
5923
5924       </div>
5925       <div class="tags">
5926
5927
5928         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5929
5930
5931       </div>
5932     </div>
5933     <div class="padding"></div>
5934
5935     <div class="entry">
5936       <div class="title">
5937         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5938       </div>
5939       <div class="date">
5940         13th February 2012
5941       </div>
5942       <div class="body">
5943         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
5944 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
5945 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
5946 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
5947 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
5948 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
5949 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
5950 change the global proxy setting by editing
5951 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
5952 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
5953
5954 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
5955 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
5956 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
5957
5958 <blockquote><pre>
5959 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
5960 {
5961    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
5962        isPlainHostName(host) ||
5963        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
5964       return "DIRECT";
5965    else
5966       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
5967 }
5968 </pre></blockquote>
5969
5970 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
5971
5972 <blockquote><pre>
5973 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
5974 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
5975 </pre></blockquote>
5976
5977 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
5978 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
5979 would be used for
5980 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
5981 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
5982 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
5983 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
5984 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
5985 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
5986 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
5987 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
5988 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
5989 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
5990
5991 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
5992 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
5993 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
5994 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
5995 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
5996 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
5997
5998 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
5999 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
6000 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
6001 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
6002 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
6003 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
6004 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
6005 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
6006 the network setup changes.</p>
6007
6008 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
6009 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
6010 draft</a> and a
6011 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
6012 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
6013
6014       </div>
6015       <div class="tags">
6016
6017
6018         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6019
6020
6021       </div>
6022     </div>
6023     <div class="padding"></div>
6024
6025     <div class="entry">
6026       <div class="title">
6027         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
6028       </div>
6029       <div class="date">
6030          7th February 2012
6031       </div>
6032       <div class="body">
6033         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6034 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
6035 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
6036
6037 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6038
6039 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
6040 mere.</p>
6041
6042 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6043
6044 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
6045 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
6046 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
6047 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
6048
6049 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
6050 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
6051 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
6052 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
6053 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
6054 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
6055
6056 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6057
6058 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
6059 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
6060 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
6061 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
6062 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
6063
6064 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6065
6066 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
6067 versjoner.</p>
6068
6069 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
6070 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
6071 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
6072 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
6073 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
6074 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
6075 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
6076
6077 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6078
6079 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
6080 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
6081 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
6082
6083 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
6084 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
6085 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
6086 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
6087 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
6088 også.</p>
6089
6090 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6091 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6092
6093 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
6094 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
6095 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
6096 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
6097 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
6098 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
6099 bruker.</p>
6100
6101 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
6102 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
6103 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
6104 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
6105 vil ha det.</p>
6106
6107       </div>
6108       <div class="tags">
6109
6110
6111         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6112
6113
6114       </div>
6115     </div>
6116     <div class="padding"></div>
6117
6118     <div class="entry">
6119       <div class="title">
6120         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
6121       </div>
6122       <div class="date">
6123          5th February 2012
6124       </div>
6125       <div class="body">
6126         <p>Since the Lenny version of
6127 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
6128 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
6129 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
6130 in the morning.  This is done using the
6131 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
6132
6133 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
6134 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
6135 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
6136 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
6137 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
6138 the
6139 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
6140 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
6141 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
6142 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
6143 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
6144
6145 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
6146 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
6147 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
6148 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
6149 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
6150 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
6151 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
6152
6153 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
6154 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
6155 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
6156 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
6157 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
6158
6159       </div>
6160       <div class="tags">
6161
6162
6163         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6164
6165
6166       </div>
6167     </div>
6168     <div class="padding"></div>
6169
6170     <div class="entry">
6171       <div class="title">
6172         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6173       </div>
6174       <div class="date">
6175          4th February 2012
6176       </div>
6177       <div class="body">
6178         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
6179 publish the third beta version of
6180 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
6181 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
6182 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
6183 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
6184 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
6185 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
6186 on the project announcement list.</p>
6187
6188 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
6189 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
6190
6191 <ul>
6192
6193 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
6194   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
6195   the installation.</li>
6196
6197 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
6198   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
6199
6200 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
6201   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
6202   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
6203
6204 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
6205   for the local system administrator is created during installation
6206   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
6207   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
6208   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
6209   up to date on the system.</li>
6210
6211 </ul>
6212
6213 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
6214 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
6215 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
6216 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
6217
6218 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
6219 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
6220 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
6221 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
6222 will see you there?</p>
6223
6224       </div>
6225       <div class="tags">
6226
6227
6228         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6229
6230
6231       </div>
6232     </div>
6233     <div class="padding"></div>
6234
6235     <div class="entry">
6236       <div class="title">
6237         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
6238       </div>
6239       <div class="date">
6240         27th January 2012
6241       </div>
6242       <div class="body">
6243         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
6244 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
6245 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
6246 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
6247 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
6248 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
6249 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
6250
6251 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
6252 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
6253 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
6254 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
6255 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
6256 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
6257 not taken care of by this.</p>
6258
6259 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
6260 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
6261 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
6262 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
6263 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
6264 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
6265 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
6266 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
6267 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
6268 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
6269 firmware packages.</p>
6270
6271 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
6272 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
6273 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
6274 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
6275 initrd with extra firmware, the
6276 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
6277 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
6278 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
6279
6280 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
6281 network cards working.  For this,
6282 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
6283 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
6284 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
6285
6286 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
6287 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
6288 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
6289
6290 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
6291 try.</p>
6292
6293       </div>
6294       <div class="tags">
6295
6296
6297         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6298
6299
6300       </div>
6301     </div>
6302     <div class="padding"></div>
6303
6304     <div class="entry">
6305       <div class="title">
6306         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
6307       </div>
6308       <div class="date">
6309         26th January 2012
6310       </div>
6311       <div class="body">
6312         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
6313 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
6314 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
6315
6316 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
6317 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
6318 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
6319 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
6320 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
6321 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
6322
6323 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
6324 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
6325 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
6326 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
6327
6328 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
6329 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
6330 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
6331 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
6332 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
6333 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
6334 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
6335 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
6336 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
6337 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
6338 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
6339 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
6340 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
6341 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
6342 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
6343 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
6344 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
6345 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
6346 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
6347 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
6348 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
6349 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
6350
6351       </div>
6352       <div class="tags">
6353
6354
6355         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6356
6357
6358       </div>
6359     </div>
6360     <div class="padding"></div>
6361
6362     <div class="entry">
6363       <div class="title">
6364         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
6365       </div>
6366       <div class="date">
6367         25th January 2012
6368       </div>
6369       <div class="body">
6370         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
6371 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
6372 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
6373 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
6374 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
6375
6376 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
6377 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
6378 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
6379 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
6380 this is done, log on to the central server and run
6381 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
6382 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
6383 will look similar to this:</p>
6384
6385 <p><blockquote><pre>
6386 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
6387 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
6388 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
6389
6390 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
6391
6392 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
6393 enter password: *******
6394 %
6395 </pre></blockquote></p>
6396
6397 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
6398 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
6399 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
6400 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
6401 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
6402 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
6403 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
6404 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
6405 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
6406 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
6407 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
6408 automatically.</p>
6409
6410 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
6411 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
6412
6413 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
6414 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
6415 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
6416
6417       </div>
6418       <div class="tags">
6419
6420
6421         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
6422
6423
6424       </div>
6425     </div>
6426     <div class="padding"></div>
6427
6428     <div class="entry">
6429       <div class="title">
6430         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
6431       </div>
6432       <div class="date">
6433         18th January 2012
6434       </div>
6435       <div class="body">
6436         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6437 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
6438 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
6439 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
6440 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
6441 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
6442
6443 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6444
6445 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
6446 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
6447 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
6448 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
6449 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
6450 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
6451 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
6452 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
6453 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
6454 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
6455
6456 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6457
6458 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
6459 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
6460 dette ble levert.</p>
6461
6462 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6463
6464 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
6465 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
6466 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
6467 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
6468 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
6469
6470 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
6471 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
6472 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
6473 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
6474 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
6475 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
6476 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
6477
6478 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
6479 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
6480 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
6481 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
6482 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
6483 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
6484 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
6485
6486 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
6487 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
6488 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
6489 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
6490 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
6491 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
6492 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
6493 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
6494 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
6495 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
6496 nå.</p>
6497
6498 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
6499 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
6500 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
6501 oss.</p>
6502
6503 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
6504 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
6505 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
6506 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
6507
6508 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6509
6510 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
6511 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
6512 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
6513 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
6514 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
6515 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
6516
6517 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
6518 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
6519 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
6520 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
6521 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
6522 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
6523 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
6524 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
6525
6526 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
6527 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
6528
6529 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6530
6531 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
6532 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
6533 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
6534 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
6535 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
6536
6537 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6538 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6539
6540 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
6541 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
6542 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
6543 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
6544 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
6545 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
6546 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
6547 hjemme.</p>
6548
6549       </div>
6550       <div class="tags">
6551
6552
6553         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6554
6555
6556       </div>
6557     </div>
6558     <div class="padding"></div>
6559
6560     <div class="entry">
6561       <div class="title">
6562         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
6563       </div>
6564       <div class="date">
6565         10th January 2012
6566       </div>
6567       <div class="body">
6568         <p>In the Squeeze version of
6569 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
6570 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
6571 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
6572 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
6573 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
6574 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
6575 first time.</p>
6576
6577 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
6578 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
6579 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
6580 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
6581
6582 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
6583 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
6584 new setting.</p>
6585
6586 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
6587 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
6588 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
6589
6590       </div>
6591       <div class="tags">
6592
6593
6594         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
6595
6596
6597       </div>
6598     </div>
6599     <div class="padding"></div>
6600
6601     <div class="entry">
6602       <div class="title">
6603         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
6604       </div>
6605       <div class="date">
6606          7th January 2012
6607       </div>
6608       <div class="body">
6609         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
6610 the second beta version of
6611 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
6612 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
6613 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
6614 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
6615 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
6616 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
6617 on the project announcement list.</p>
6618
6619       </div>
6620       <div class="tags">
6621
6622
6623         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6624
6625
6626       </div>
6627     </div>
6628     <div class="padding"></div>
6629
6630     <div class="entry">
6631       <div class="title">
6632         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
6633       </div>
6634       <div class="date">
6635          3rd January 2012
6636       </div>
6637       <div class="body">
6638         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
6639 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
6640 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
6641 interesting.</p>
6642
6643 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
6644 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
6645 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
6646 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
6647 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
6648 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
6649 wrap up its tasks.</p>
6650
6651 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
6652 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
6653 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
6654 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
6655 because I was typing.</P>
6656
6657 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
6658 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
6659 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
6660 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
6661 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
6662 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
6663 generate entropy.</p>
6664
6665 <p>The fix is in
6666 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
6667 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
6668 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
6669 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
6670
6671       </div>
6672       <div class="tags">
6673
6674
6675         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6676
6677
6678       </div>
6679     </div>
6680     <div class="padding"></div>
6681
6682     <div class="entry">
6683       <div class="title">
6684         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
6685       </div>
6686       <div class="date">
6687         11th December 2011
6688       </div>
6689       <div class="body">
6690         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
6691 intervjuer av
6692 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
6693
6694 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
6695 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
6696 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
6697
6698 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6699
6700 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
6701 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
6702 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
6703 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
6704 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
6705
6706 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6707
6708 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
6709 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
6710 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
6711 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
6712 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
6713
6714 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6715
6716 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
6717 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
6718 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
6719 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
6720 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
6721 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
6722 og foreldre.</p>
6723
6724 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6725
6726 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
6727 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
6728 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
6729 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
6730
6731 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6732
6733 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
6734 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
6735 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
6736 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
6737 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
6738 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
6739 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
6740 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
6741 på
6742 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
6743
6744 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
6745 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
6746 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
6747 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
6748
6749 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6750 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6751
6752 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
6753 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
6754
6755 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
6756 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
6757 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
6758 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
6759 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
6760 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
6761 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
6762 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
6763 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
6764 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
6765 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
6766 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
6767 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
6768 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
6769
6770       </div>
6771       <div class="tags">
6772
6773
6774         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6775
6776
6777       </div>
6778     </div>
6779     <div class="padding"></div>
6780
6781     <div class="entry">
6782       <div class="title">
6783         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
6784       </div>
6785       <div class="date">
6786         27th July 2011
6787       </div>
6788       <div class="body">
6789         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
6790 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
6791 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
6792 fra starten av
6793 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
6794
6795 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6796
6797 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
6798 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
6799 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
6800 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
6801 helhet.</p>
6802
6803 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6804
6805 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
6806 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
6807 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
6808
6809 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6810
6811 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
6812 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
6813 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
6814 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
6815 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
6816 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
6817
6818 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6819
6820 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
6821 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
6822 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
6823 utfordringer.</p>
6824
6825 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
6826 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
6827 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
6828 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
6829 løsningen.</p>
6830
6831 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
6832 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
6833 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
6834 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
6835 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
6836 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
6837 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
6838
6839 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
6840 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
6841 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
6842 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
6843 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
6844 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
6845 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
6846
6847 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
6848 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
6849 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
6850 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
6851 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
6852 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
6853 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
6854 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
6855 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
6856 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
6857 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
6858 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
6859 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
6860 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
6861 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
6862 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
6863
6864 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6865
6866 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
6867 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
6868 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
6869 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
6870 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
6871 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
6872 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
6873 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
6874
6875 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6876 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6877
6878 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
6879
6880 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
6881 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
6882 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
6883 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
6884 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
6885 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
6886
6887 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
6888 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
6889 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
6890
6891 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
6892 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
6893 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
6894 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
6895 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
6896 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
6897 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
6898 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
6899 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
6900 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
6901 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
6902 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
6903 sidelinjen.</p>
6904
6905       </div>
6906       <div class="tags">
6907
6908
6909         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6910
6911
6912       </div>
6913     </div>
6914     <div class="padding"></div>
6915
6916     <div class="entry">
6917       <div class="title">
6918         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
6919       </div>
6920       <div class="date">
6921         10th April 2011
6922       </div>
6923       <div class="body">
6924         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
6925 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
6926 bidragsyter i
6927 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
6928
6929 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6930
6931 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
6932 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
6933 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
6934 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
6935
6936 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6937
6938 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
6939 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
6940 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
6941 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
6942 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
6943 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
6944 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
6945 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
6946
6947 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6948
6949 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
6950 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
6951 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
6952 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
6953
6954 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6955
6956 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
6957 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
6958 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
6959 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
6960 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
6961
6962 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6963
6964 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
6965 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
6966 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
6967 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
6968 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
6969 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
6970 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
6971
6972 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6973 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6974
6975 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
6976 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
6977 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
6978 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
6979 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
6980 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
6981 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
6982 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
6983 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
6984 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
6985 av.</p>
6986
6987       </div>
6988       <div class="tags">
6989
6990
6991         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6992
6993
6994       </div>
6995     </div>
6996     <div class="padding"></div>
6997
6998     <div class="entry">
6999       <div class="title">
7000         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
7001       </div>
7002       <div class="date">
7003         28th March 2011
7004       </div>
7005       <div class="body">
7006         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
7007 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
7008 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
7009 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
7010 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
7011 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
7012 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
7013
7014 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7015
7016 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
7017 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
7018 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
7019
7020 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7021
7022 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
7023 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
7024 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
7025 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
7026 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
7027 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
7028 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
7029 klientsiden.</p>
7030
7031 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
7032 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
7033 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
7034 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
7035 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
7036 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
7037
7038 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
7039 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
7040
7041 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
7042 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
7043 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
7044 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
7045 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
7046 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
7047 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
7048 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
7049 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
7050
7051 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
7052 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
7053 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
7054 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
7055 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
7056 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
7057 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
7058 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
7059
7060 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7061
7062 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
7063 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
7064 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
7065 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
7066 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
7067 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
7068 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
7069 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
7070 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
7071
7072 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
7073 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
7074 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
7075 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
7076 det!</p>
7077
7078 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
7079 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
7080 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
7081 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
7082 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
7083 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
7084 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
7085
7086 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
7087 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
7088 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
7089 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
7090 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
7091 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
7092
7093 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7094
7095 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
7096 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
7097 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
7098 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
7099 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
7100
7101 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
7102 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
7103 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
7104
7105 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7106
7107 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
7108 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
7109 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
7110 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
7111 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
7112
7113 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
7114 osv.</p>
7115
7116 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
7117 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
7118 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
7119
7120 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7121 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7122
7123 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
7124 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
7125 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
7126 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
7127 skvettbillig.</p>
7128
7129 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
7130 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
7131 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
7132 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
7133 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
7134
7135 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
7136 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
7137 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
7138 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
7139 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
7140
7141 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
7142 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
7143 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
7144
7145       </div>
7146       <div class="tags">
7147
7148
7149         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7150
7151
7152       </div>
7153     </div>
7154     <div class="padding"></div>
7155
7156     <div class="entry">
7157       <div class="title">
7158         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
7159       </div>
7160       <div class="date">
7161         27th February 2011
7162       </div>
7163       <div class="body">
7164         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
7165 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
7166 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
7167 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
7168
7169 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7170
7171 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
7172 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
7173 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
7174 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
7175
7176 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
7177 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
7178 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
7179 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
7180
7181 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
7182 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
7183
7184 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7185
7186 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
7187 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
7188 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
7189 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
7190 etc.</p>
7191
7192 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7193
7194 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
7195 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
7196 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
7197 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
7198 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
7199 Skolelinux.</p>
7200
7201 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7202
7203 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
7204 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
7205 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
7206 Linux.</p>
7207
7208 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
7209 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
7210 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
7211 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
7212
7213 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7214
7215 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
7216 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
7217 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
7218 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
7219
7220 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
7221 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
7222
7223 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7224 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7225
7226 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
7227 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
7228 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
7229
7230       </div>
7231       <div class="tags">
7232
7233
7234         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7235
7236
7237       </div>
7238     </div>
7239     <div class="padding"></div>
7240
7241     <div class="entry">
7242       <div class="title">
7243         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
7244       </div>
7245       <div class="date">
7246         16th February 2011
7247       </div>
7248       <div class="body">
7249         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
7250 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
7251 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
7252 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
7253
7254 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7255
7256 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
7257 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
7258 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
7259 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
7260 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
7261 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
7262 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
7263 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
7264 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
7265 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
7266
7267 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7268
7269 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
7270 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
7271 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
7272 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
7273
7274 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7275
7276 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
7277 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
7278 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
7279 på.</p>
7280
7281 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
7282 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
7283 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
7284 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
7285 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
7286 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
7287 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
7288 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
7289 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
7290 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
7291
7292 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
7293 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
7294 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
7295 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
7296 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
7297 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
7298 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
7299 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
7300
7301 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7302
7303 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
7304
7305 <ul>
7306 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
7307 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
7308   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
7309   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
7310 </ul>
7311
7312 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
7313 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
7314 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
7315 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
7316 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
7317 måte.</p>
7318
7319 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7320
7321 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
7322 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
7323 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
7324 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
7325
7326 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7327 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7328
7329 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
7330 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
7331 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
7332 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
7333
7334       </div>
7335       <div class="tags">
7336
7337
7338         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7339
7340
7341       </div>
7342     </div>
7343     <div class="padding"></div>
7344
7345     <div class="entry">
7346       <div class="title">
7347         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
7348       </div>
7349       <div class="date">
7350         23rd January 2011
7351       </div>
7352       <div class="body">
7353         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
7354 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
7355 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
7356 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
7357
7358 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7359
7360 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
7361 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
7362 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
7363 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
7364 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
7365 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
7366 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
7367 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
7368
7369 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7370
7371 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
7372 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
7373
7374 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
7375 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
7376 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
7377 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
7378
7379 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7380
7381 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
7382 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
7383 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
7384
7385 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7386
7387 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
7388 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
7389 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
7390 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
7391 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
7392 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
7393 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
7394 og det er synd.</p>
7395
7396 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7397
7398 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
7399 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
7400 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
7401 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
7402 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
7403 av maskinvaren.</p>
7404
7405 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7406 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7407
7408 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
7409 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
7410 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
7411 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
7412 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
7413
7414       </div>
7415       <div class="tags">
7416
7417
7418         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7419
7420
7421       </div>
7422     </div>
7423     <div class="padding"></div>
7424
7425     <div class="entry">
7426       <div class="title">
7427         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
7428       </div>
7429       <div class="date">
7430         19th January 2011
7431       </div>
7432       <div class="body">
7433         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
7434 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
7435 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
7436 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
7437 Florø.</p>
7438
7439 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7440
7441 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
7442 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
7443 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
7444 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
7445 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
7446 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
7447
7448 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7449
7450 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
7451 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
7452 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
7453 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
7454
7455 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
7456 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
7457 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
7458 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
7459 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
7460 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
7461 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
7462 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
7463 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
7464 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
7465 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
7466 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
7467 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
7468 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
7469 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
7470
7471 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
7472 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
7473 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
7474
7475 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7476
7477 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
7478
7479 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
7480 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
7481 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
7482 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
7483 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
7484 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
7485
7486 <ul>
7487
7488 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
7489 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
7490 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
7491 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
7492
7493 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
7494 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
7495 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
7496 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
7497 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
7498 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
7499
7500 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
7501 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
7502 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
7503 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
7504
7505 </ul>
7506
7507 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
7508 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
7509 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
7510 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
7511 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
7512
7513 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7514
7515 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
7516 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
7517 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
7518 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
7519 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
7520
7521 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7522
7523 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
7524 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
7525 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
7526 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
7527 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
7528
7529 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7530 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7531
7532 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
7533 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
7534 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
7535 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
7536 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
7537 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
7538 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
7539
7540 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
7541 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
7542 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
7543 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
7544 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
7545 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
7546 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
7547 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
7548 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
7549 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
7550 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
7551 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
7552 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
7553 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
7554 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
7555 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
7556 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
7557
7558       </div>
7559       <div class="tags">
7560
7561
7562         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7563
7564
7565       </div>
7566     </div>
7567     <div class="padding"></div>
7568
7569     <div class="entry">
7570       <div class="title">
7571         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
7572       </div>
7573       <div class="date">
7574         16th January 2011
7575       </div>
7576       <div class="body">
7577         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
7578 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
7579 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
7580 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
7581
7582 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7583
7584 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
7585 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
7586 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
7587 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
7588 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
7589 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
7590 på skolen.</p>
7591
7592 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7593
7594 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
7595 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
7596 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
7597 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
7598 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
7599 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
7600
7601 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7602
7603 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
7604 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
7605 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
7606 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
7607 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
7608 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
7609 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
7610 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
7611 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
7612 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
7613 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
7614 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
7615
7616 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7617
7618 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
7619 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
7620 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
7621 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
7622 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
7623 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
7624 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
7625 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
7626 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
7627 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
7628 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
7629 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
7630
7631 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7632
7633 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
7634 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
7635 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
7636 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
7637 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
7638 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
7639 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
7640 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
7641 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
7642 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
7643 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
7644 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
7645
7646 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7647 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7648
7649 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
7650 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
7651 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
7652 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
7653 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
7654 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
7655 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
7656 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
7657 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
7658 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
7659 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
7660 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
7661 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
7662 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
7663 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
7664 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
7665
7666 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
7667 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
7668
7669       </div>
7670       <div class="tags">
7671
7672
7673         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7674
7675
7676       </div>
7677     </div>
7678     <div class="padding"></div>
7679
7680     <div class="entry">
7681       <div class="title">
7682         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
7683       </div>
7684       <div class="date">
7685         12th January 2011
7686       </div>
7687       <div class="body">
7688         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
7689 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
7690 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
7691 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
7692 Han er styremedlem i
7693 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
7694 FRISK</a>.</p>
7695
7696 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7697
7698 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
7699 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
7700 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
7701 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
7702 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
7703 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
7704
7705 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7706
7707 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
7708 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
7709
7710 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
7711 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
7712 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
7713 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
7714
7715 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
7716 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
7717 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
7718 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
7719 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
7720 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
7721 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
7722 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
7723 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
7724 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
7725 Kubuntu.</p>
7726
7727 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7728
7729 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
7730 enn for andre systemer.</p>
7731
7732 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7733
7734 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
7735 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
7736 plasser.</p>
7737
7738 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
7739 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
7740
7741 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
7742 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
7743 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
7744 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
7745
7746 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7747
7748 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
7749 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
7750 servere.</p>
7751
7752       </div>
7753       <div class="tags">
7754
7755
7756         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7757
7758
7759       </div>
7760     </div>
7761     <div class="padding"></div>
7762
7763     <div class="entry">
7764       <div class="title">
7765         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
7766       </div>
7767       <div class="date">
7768          9th January 2011
7769       </div>
7770       <div class="body">
7771         <p>Inspirert av
7772 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
7773 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
7774 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
7775 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
7776 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
7777 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
7778 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
7779 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
7780
7781 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
7782 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
7783 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
7784 alltid flere medlemmer, så
7785 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
7786 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
7787
7788 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7789
7790 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
7791 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
7792 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
7793
7794 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
7795 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
7796 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
7797 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
7798 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
7799 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
7800 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
7801 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
7802 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
7803
7804 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7805
7806 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
7807 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
7808 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
7809 2003.</p>
7810
7811 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
7812 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
7813 det selv.</p>
7814
7815 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
7816 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
7817 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
7818 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
7819 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
7820 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
7821 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
7822
7823 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7824
7825 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
7826 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
7827 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
7828 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
7829 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
7830
7831 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7832
7833 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
7834 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
7835
7836 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7837
7838 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
7839 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
7840 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
7841 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
7842
7843 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
7844 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
7845
7846 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
7847
7848 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
7849 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
7850 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
7851 å bli hektet :)</p>
7852
7853       </div>
7854       <div class="tags">
7855
7856
7857         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7858
7859
7860       </div>
7861     </div>
7862     <div class="padding"></div>
7863
7864     <div class="entry">
7865       <div class="title">
7866         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
7867       </div>
7868       <div class="date">
7869          4th January 2011
7870       </div>
7871       <div class="body">
7872         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
7873 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
7874 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
7875 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
7876 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
7877 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
7878
7879 <blockquote>
7880 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
7881 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
7882
7883 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
7884 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
7885 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
7886 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
7887
7888 <ul>
7889
7890 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
7891 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
7892 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
7893 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
7894 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
7895 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
7896 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
7897 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
7898 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
7899 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
7900 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
7901 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
7902 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
7903 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
7904
7905 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
7906 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
7907 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
7908 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
7909
7910 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
7911 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
7912 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
7913
7914 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
7915 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
7916 om.</li>
7917
7918 </ul>
7919
7920 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
7921 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
7922 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
7923 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
7924 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
7925 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
7926 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
7927
7928 <ul>
7929
7930 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
7931 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
7932 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
7933
7934 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
7935 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
7936 dette.</li>
7937
7938 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
7939 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
7940 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
7941 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
7942
7943 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
7944 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
7945 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
7946 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
7947
7948 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
7949
7950 </ul>
7951
7952 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
7953 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
7954 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
7955 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
7956 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
7957 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
7958
7959 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
7960 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
7961 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
7962 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
7963 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
7964 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
7965 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
7966 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
7967 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
7968 tilsidesette. </p>
7969
7970 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
7971 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
7972 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
7973
7974 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
7975 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
7976 her. </p>
7977
7978 <ul>
7979
7980 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
7981 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
7982 mulig.</li>
7983
7984 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
7985 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
7986 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
7987 skolene.</li>
7988
7989 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
7990 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
7991 perioder.</li>
7992
7993 </ul>
7994
7995 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
7996 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
7997 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
7998 rutine her nå. </p>
7999
8000 <ul>
8001
8002 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
8003 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
8004 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
8005 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
8006 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
8007 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
8008 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
8009 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
8010
8011 </ul>
8012
8013 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
8014
8015 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
8016 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
8017 </blockquote>
8018
8019 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
8020
8021 <blockquote>
8022 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
8023 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
8024
8025 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
8026 historien videre?</p>
8027
8028 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
8029 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
8030 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
8031 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
8032 </blockquote>
8033
8034 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
8035
8036 <blockquote>
8037 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
8038 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
8039
8040 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
8041 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
8042 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
8043 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
8044 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
8045 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
8046 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
8047 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
8048
8049 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
8050 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
8051 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
8052
8053 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
8054 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
8055 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
8056 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
8057 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
8058 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
8059 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
8060 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
8061 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
8062 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
8063
8064 <ul>
8065
8066 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
8067 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
8068 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
8069 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
8070 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
8071 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
8072 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
8073 bare en bonus. </li>
8074
8075 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
8076 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
8077 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
8078 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
8079 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
8080 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
8081 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
8082 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
8083 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
8084 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
8085 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
8086 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
8087 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
8088 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
8089 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
8090 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
8091 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
8092 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
8093 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
8094 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
8095 beste læremester. </li>
8096
8097 </ul>
8098
8099 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
8100 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
8101 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
8102 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
8103 ettertid.</p>
8104
8105 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
8106 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
8107 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
8108 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
8109 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
8110 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
8111 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
8112 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
8113 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
8114 jeg da lære?"</p>
8115
8116 </blockquote>
8117
8118 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
8119 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
8120 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
8121
8122       </div>
8123       <div class="tags">
8124
8125
8126         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8127
8128
8129       </div>
8130     </div>
8131     <div class="padding"></div>
8132
8133     <div class="entry">
8134       <div class="title">
8135         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
8136       </div>
8137       <div class="date">
8138         22nd December 2010
8139       </div>
8140       <div class="body">
8141         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
8142 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
8143 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
8144 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
8145 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
8146 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
8147 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
8148 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
8149 university.</p>
8150
8151 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
8152 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
8153 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
8154 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
8155 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
8156 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
8157 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
8158 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
8159
8160 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
8161 I perform on a new model.</p>
8162
8163 <ul>
8164
8165 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
8166 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
8167 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
8168
8169 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
8170 installation, X.org is working.</li>
8171
8172 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
8173 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
8174 reported by the program.</li>
8175
8176 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
8177 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
8178 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
8179 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
8180 normally test this by playing
8181 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
8182 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
8183
8184 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
8185 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
8186
8187 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
8188 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
8189
8190 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
8191 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
8192
8193 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
8194 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
8195 few.</li>
8196
8197 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
8198 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
8199 notice this.</li>
8200
8201 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
8202 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
8203 resume.</li>
8204
8205 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
8206 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
8207 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
8208 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
8209 not.</li>
8210
8211 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
8212 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
8213 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
8214 existence.</li>
8215
8216 </ul>
8217
8218 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
8219 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
8220 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
8221 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
8222 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
8223 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
8224 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
8225 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
8226
8227       </div>
8228       <div class="tags">
8229
8230
8231         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8232
8233
8234       </div>
8235     </div>
8236     <div class="padding"></div>
8237
8238     <div class="entry">
8239       <div class="title">
8240         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
8241       </div>
8242       <div class="date">
8243         29th November 2010
8244       </div>
8245       <div class="body">
8246         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
8247 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
8248 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
8249 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
8250 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
8251 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
8252
8253 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
8254 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
8255 will hold its
8256 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
8257 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
8258 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
8259 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
8260 vote this year.</p>
8261
8262       </div>
8263       <div class="tags">
8264
8265
8266         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
8267
8268
8269       </div>
8270     </div>
8271     <div class="padding"></div>
8272
8273     <div class="entry">
8274       <div class="title">
8275         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
8276       </div>
8277       <div class="date">
8278         27th November 2010
8279       </div>
8280       <div class="body">
8281         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
8282 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
8283 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
8284 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
8285 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
8286 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
8287 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
8288 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
8289
8290 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
8291 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
8292 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
8293 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
8294 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
8295 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
8296 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
8297 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
8298 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
8299 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
8300 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
8301
8302 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
8303 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
8304 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
8305 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
8306 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
8307 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
8308 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
8309 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
8310 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
8311 what is going on.</p>
8312
8313       </div>
8314       <div class="tags">
8315
8316
8317         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8318
8319
8320       </div>
8321     </div>
8322     <div class="padding"></div>
8323
8324     <div class="entry">
8325       <div class="title">
8326         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
8327       </div>
8328       <div class="date">
8329         22nd November 2010
8330       </div>
8331       <div class="body">
8332         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
8333 upgrade testing of the
8334 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
8335 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
8336 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
8337 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
8338
8339 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
8340
8341 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
8342
8343 <blockquote><p>
8344   apache2.2-bin
8345   aptdaemon
8346   baobab
8347   binfmt-support
8348   browser-plugin-gnash
8349   cheese-common
8350   cli-common
8351   cups-pk-helper
8352   dmz-cursor-theme
8353   empathy
8354   empathy-common
8355   freedesktop-sound-theme
8356   freeglut3
8357   gconf-defaults-service
8358   gdm-themes
8359   gedit-plugins
8360   geoclue
8361   geoclue-hostip
8362   geoclue-localnet
8363   geoclue-manual
8364   geoclue-yahoo
8365   gnash
8366   gnash-common
8367   gnome
8368   gnome-backgrounds
8369   gnome-cards-data
8370   gnome-codec-install
8371   gnome-core
8372   gnome-desktop-environment
8373   gnome-disk-utility
8374   gnome-screenshot
8375   gnome-search-tool
8376   gnome-session-canberra
8377   gnome-system-log
8378   gnome-themes-extras
8379   gnome-themes-more
8380   gnome-user-share
8381   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
8382   gstreamer0.10-tools
8383   gtk2-engines
8384   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
8385   gtk2-engines-smooth
8386   hamster-applet
8387   libapache2-mod-dnssd
8388   libapr1
8389   libaprutil1
8390   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
8391   libaprutil1-ldap
8392   libart2.0-cil
8393   libboost-date-time1.42.0
8394   libboost-python1.42.0
8395   libboost-thread1.42.0
8396   libchamplain-0.4-0
8397   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
8398   libcheese-gtk18
8399   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
8400   libcryptui0
8401   libdiscid0
8402   libelf1
8403   libepc-1.0-2
8404   libepc-common
8405   libepc-ui-1.0-2
8406   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
8407   libfreerdp0
8408   libgconf2.0-cil
8409   libgdata-common
8410   libgdata7
8411   libgdu-gtk0
8412   libgee2
8413   libgeoclue0
8414   libgexiv2-0
8415   libgif4
8416   libglade2.0-cil
8417   libglib2.0-cil
8418   libgmime2.4-cil
8419   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
8420   libgnome2.24-cil
8421   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
8422   libgpod-common
8423   libgpod4
8424   libgtk2.0-cil
8425   libgtkglext1
8426   libgtksourceview2.0-common
8427   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
8428   libmono-addins0.2-cil
8429   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
8430   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
8431   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
8432   libmono-posix2.0-cil
8433   libmono-security2.0-cil
8434   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
8435   libmono-system2.0-cil
8436   libmtp8
8437   libmusicbrainz3-6
8438   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
8439   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
8440   libopal3.6.8
8441   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
8442   libpt2.6.7
8443   libpython2.6
8444   librpm1
8445   librpmio1
8446   libsdl1.2debian
8447   libsrtp0
8448   libssh-4
8449   libtelepathy-farsight0
8450   libtelepathy-glib0
8451   libtidy-0.99-0
8452   media-player-info
8453   mesa-utils
8454   mono-2.0-gac
8455   mono-gac
8456   mono-runtime
8457   nautilus-sendto
8458   nautilus-sendto-empathy
8459   p7zip-full
8460   pkg-config
8461   python-aptdaemon
8462   python-aptdaemon-gtk
8463   python-axiom
8464   python-beautifulsoup
8465   python-bugbuddy
8466   python-clientform
8467   python-coherence
8468   python-configobj
8469   python-crypto
8470   python-cupshelpers
8471   python-elementtree
8472   python-epsilon
8473   python-evolution
8474   python-feedparser
8475   python-gdata
8476   python-gdbm
8477   python-gst0.10
8478   python-gtkglext1
8479   python-gtksourceview2
8480   python-httplib2
8481   python-louie
8482   python-mako
8483   python-markupsafe
8484   python-mechanize
8485   python-nevow
8486   python-notify
8487   python-opengl
8488   python-openssl
8489   python-pam
8490   python-pkg-resources
8491   python-pyasn1
8492   python-pysqlite2
8493   python-rdflib
8494   python-serial
8495   python-tagpy
8496   python-twisted-bin
8497   python-twisted-conch
8498   python-twisted-core
8499   python-twisted-web
8500   python-utidylib
8501   python-webkit
8502   python-xdg
8503   python-zope.interface
8504   remmina
8505   remmina-plugin-data
8506   remmina-plugin-rdp
8507   remmina-plugin-vnc
8508   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
8509   rhythmbox-plugins
8510   rpm-common
8511   rpm2cpio
8512   seahorse-plugins
8513   shotwell
8514   software-center
8515   system-config-printer-udev
8516   telepathy-gabble
8517   telepathy-mission-control-5
8518   telepathy-salut
8519   tomboy
8520   totem
8521   totem-coherence
8522   totem-mozilla
8523   totem-plugins
8524   transmission-common
8525   xdg-user-dirs
8526   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
8527   xserver-xephyr
8528 </p></blockquote>
8529
8530 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
8531
8532 <blockquote><p>
8533   cheese
8534   ekiga
8535   eog
8536   epiphany-extensions
8537   evolution-exchange
8538   fast-user-switch-applet
8539   file-roller
8540   gcalctool
8541   gconf-editor
8542   gdm
8543   gedit
8544   gedit-common
8545   gnome-games
8546   gnome-games-data
8547   gnome-nettool
8548   gnome-system-tools
8549   gnome-themes
8550   gnuchess
8551   gucharmap
8552   guile-1.8-libs
8553   libavahi-ui0
8554   libdmx1
8555   libgalago3
8556   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
8557   libgtksourceview2.0-0
8558   liblircclient0
8559   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
8560   libspeexdsp1
8561   libsvga1
8562   rhythmbox
8563   seahorse
8564   sound-juicer
8565   system-config-printer
8566   totem-common
8567   transmission-gtk
8568   vinagre
8569   vino
8570 </p></blockquote>
8571
8572 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
8573
8574 <blockquote><p>
8575   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
8576 </p></blockquote>
8577
8578 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
8579
8580 <blockquote><p>
8581 [nothing]
8582 </p></blockquote>
8583
8584 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
8585
8586 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
8587
8588 <blockquote><p>
8589   ksmserver
8590 </p></blockquote>
8591
8592 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
8593
8594 <blockquote><p>
8595   kwin
8596   network-manager-kde
8597 </p></blockquote>
8598
8599 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
8600
8601 <blockquote><p>
8602   arts
8603   dolphin
8604   freespacenotifier
8605   google-gadgets-gst
8606   google-gadgets-xul
8607   kappfinder
8608   kcalc
8609   kcharselect
8610   kde-core
8611   kde-plasma-desktop
8612   kde-standard
8613   kde-window-manager
8614   kdeartwork
8615   kdeartwork-emoticons
8616   kdeartwork-style
8617   kdeartwork-theme-icon
8618   kdebase
8619   kdebase-apps
8620   kdebase-workspace
8621   kdebase-workspace-bin
8622   kdebase-workspace-data
8623   kdeeject
8624   kdelibs
8625   kdeplasma-addons
8626   kdeutils
8627   kdewallpapers
8628   kdf
8629   kfloppy
8630   kgpg
8631   khelpcenter4
8632   kinfocenter
8633   konq-plugins-l10n
8634   konqueror-nsplugins
8635   kscreensaver
8636   kscreensaver-xsavers
8637   ktimer
8638   kwrite
8639   libgle3
8640   libkde4-ruby1.8
8641   libkonq5
8642   libkonq5-templates
8643   libnetpbm10
8644   libplasma-ruby
8645   libplasma-ruby1.8
8646   libqt4-ruby1.8
8647   marble-data
8648   marble-plugins
8649   netpbm
8650   nuvola-icon-theme
8651   plasma-dataengines-workspace
8652   plasma-desktop
8653   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
8654   plasma-runners-addons
8655   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
8656   plasma-scriptengine-python
8657   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
8658   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
8659   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
8660   plasma-scriptengines
8661   plasma-wallpapers-addons
8662   plasma-widget-folderview
8663   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
8664   ruby
8665   sweeper
8666   update-notifier-kde
8667   xscreensaver-data-extra
8668   xscreensaver-gl
8669   xscreensaver-gl-extra
8670   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
8671 </p></blockquote>
8672
8673 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
8674
8675 <blockquote><p>
8676   ark
8677   google-gadgets-common
8678   google-gadgets-qt
8679   htdig
8680   kate
8681   kdebase-bin
8682   kdebase-data
8683   kdepasswd
8684   kfind
8685   klipper
8686   konq-plugins
8687   konqueror
8688   ksysguard
8689   ksysguardd
8690   libarchive1
8691   libcln6
8692   libeet1
8693   libeina-svn-06
8694   libggadget-1.0-0b
8695   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
8696   libgps19
8697   libkdecorations4
8698   libkephal4
8699   libkonq4
8700   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
8701   libkscreensaver5
8702   libksgrd4
8703   libksignalplotter4
8704   libkunitconversion4
8705   libkwineffects1a
8706   libmarblewidget4
8707   libntrack-qt4-1
8708   libntrack0
8709   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
8710   libplasmaclock4a
8711   libplasmagenericshell4
8712   libprocesscore4a
8713   libprocessui4a
8714   libqalculate5
8715   libqedje0a
8716   libqtruby4shared2
8717   libqzion0a
8718   libruby1.8
8719   libscim8c2a
8720   libsmokekdecore4-3
8721   libsmokekdeui4-3
8722   libsmokekfile3
8723   libsmokekhtml3
8724   libsmokekio3
8725   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
8726   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
8727   libsmokekparts3
8728   libsmokektexteditor3
8729   libsmokekutils3
8730   libsmokenepomuk3
8731   libsmokephonon3
8732   libsmokeplasma3
8733   libsmokeqtcore4-3
8734   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
8735   libsmokeqtgui4-3
8736   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
8737   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
8738   libsmokeqtscript4-3
8739   libsmokeqtsql4-3
8740   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
8741   libsmokeqttest4-3
8742   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
8743   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
8744   libsmokeqtxml4-3
8745   libsmokesolid3
8746   libsmokesoprano3
8747   libtaskmanager4a
8748   libtidy-0.99-0
8749   libweather-ion4a
8750   libxklavier16
8751   libxxf86misc1
8752   okteta
8753   oxygencursors
8754   plasma-dataengines-addons
8755   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
8756   plasma-widget-lancelot
8757   plasma-widgets-addons
8758   plasma-widgets-workspace
8759   polkit-kde-1
8760   ruby1.8
8761   systemsettings
8762   update-notifier-common
8763 </p></blockquote>
8764
8765 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
8766 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
8767 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
8768 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
8769
8770       </div>
8771       <div class="tags">
8772
8773
8774         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8775
8776
8777       </div>
8778     </div>
8779     <div class="padding"></div>
8780
8781     <div class="entry">
8782       <div class="title">
8783         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
8784       </div>
8785       <div class="date">
8786         22nd November 2010
8787       </div>
8788       <div class="body">
8789         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
8790 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
8791 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
8792 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
8793 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
8794 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
8795 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
8796 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
8797 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
8798
8799 <p>I found
8800 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
8801 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
8802 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
8803 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
8804 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
8805 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
8806
8807 <pre>
8808 #!/bin/sh
8809
8810 # Based on
8811 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
8812
8813 set -e
8814 set -x
8815
8816 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
8817     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
8818     exit 1
8819 else
8820     host="$1"
8821 fi
8822
8823 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
8824     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
8825     exit 1
8826 fi
8827
8828 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
8829 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
8830 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
8831 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
8832
8833 img=$host.img
8834 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
8835 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
8836
8837 parted $img mklabel msdos
8838 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
8839 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
8840 parted $img set 1 boot on
8841
8842 modprobe dm-mod
8843 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
8844 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
8845
8846 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
8847 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
8848 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
8849
8850 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
8851 losetup -d /dev/loop0
8852 </pre>
8853
8854 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
8855 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
8856
8857 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
8858 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
8859 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
8860 seem to work just fine.</p>
8861
8862       </div>
8863       <div class="tags">
8864
8865
8866         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8867
8868
8869       </div>
8870     </div>
8871     <div class="padding"></div>
8872
8873     <div class="entry">
8874       <div class="title">
8875         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
8876       </div>
8877       <div class="date">
8878         20th November 2010
8879       </div>
8880       <div class="body">
8881         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
8882 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
8883 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
8884 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
8885
8886 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
8887 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
8888 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
8889
8890 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
8891
8892 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
8893
8894 <blockquote><p>
8895   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
8896   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
8897   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
8898   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
8899   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
8900   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
8901   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
8902   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
8903   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
8904   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
8905   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
8906   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
8907   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
8908   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
8909   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
8910   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
8911   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
8912   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
8913   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
8914   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
8915   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
8916   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
8917   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
8918   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
8919   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
8920   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
8921   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
8922   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
8923   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
8924   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
8925   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
8926   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
8927   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
8928   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
8929   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
8930   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
8931   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
8932   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
8933   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
8934   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
8935   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
8936   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
8937   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
8938   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
8939   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
8940   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
8941   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
8942   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
8943   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
8944   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
8945   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
8946   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
8947   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
8948   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
8949   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
8950   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
8951   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
8952   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
8953   zip
8954 </p></blockquote>
8955
8956 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
8957
8958 <blockquote><p>
8959   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
8960   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
8961   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
8962   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
8963   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
8964   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
8965   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
8966   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
8967   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
8968   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
8969   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
8970   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
8971   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
8972   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
8973   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
8974   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
8975   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
8976   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
8977   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
8978   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
8979   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
8980   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
8981   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
8982   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
8983   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
8984   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
8985   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
8986   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
8987   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
8988 </p></blockquote>
8989
8990 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
8991
8992 <blockquote><p>
8993   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
8994 </p></blockquote>
8995
8996 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
8997
8998 <blockquote><p>
8999 [nothing]
9000 </p></blockquote>
9001
9002 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
9003
9004 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9005
9006 <blockquote><p>
9007   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
9008   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
9009   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
9010   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
9011   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
9012   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
9013   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
9014   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
9015   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
9016   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
9017   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
9018   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
9019   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
9020   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
9021   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
9022   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
9023   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
9024   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
9025   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
9026   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
9027   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
9028   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
9029   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
9030   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
9031   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
9032   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
9033   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
9034   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
9035   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
9036   ttf-sazanami-gothic
9037 </p></blockquote>
9038
9039 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
9040
9041 <blockquote><p>
9042   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
9043   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
9044   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
9045   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
9046   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
9047   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
9048   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
9049   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
9050   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
9051   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
9052   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
9053   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
9054   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
9055   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
9056   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
9057   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
9058   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
9059   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
9060   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
9061   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
9062   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
9063   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
9064   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
9065   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
9066   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
9067   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
9068   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
9069   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
9070   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
9071   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
9072   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
9073   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
9074   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
9075 </p></blockquote>
9076
9077 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
9078
9079 <blockquote><p>
9080   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
9081   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
9082   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
9083   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
9084   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
9085   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
9086   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
9087 </p></blockquote>
9088
9089 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
9090
9091 <blockquote><p>
9092   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
9093 </p></blockquote>
9094
9095       </div>
9096       <div class="tags">
9097
9098
9099         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9100
9101
9102       </div>
9103     </div>
9104     <div class="padding"></div>
9105
9106     <div class="entry">
9107       <div class="title">
9108         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
9109       </div>
9110       <div class="date">
9111         20th November 2010
9112       </div>
9113       <div class="body">
9114         <p>Answering
9115 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
9116 call from the Gnash project</a> for
9117 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
9118 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
9119 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
9120 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
9121 releases out more often.</p>
9122
9123 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
9124 I have considered setting up a <a
9125 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
9126 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
9127 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
9128 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
9129 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
9130 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
9131 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
9132 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
9133 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
9134 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
9135 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
9136 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
9137
9138       </div>
9139       <div class="tags">
9140
9141
9142         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9143
9144
9145       </div>
9146     </div>
9147     <div class="padding"></div>
9148
9149     <div class="entry">
9150       <div class="title">
9151         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
9152       </div>
9153       <div class="date">
9154          7th November 2010
9155       </div>
9156       <div class="body">
9157         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
9158 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
9159 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
9160 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
9161 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
9162 working using this DVD.</p>
9163
9164 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
9165 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
9166 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
9167 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
9168 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
9169 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
9170 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
9171
9172 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
9173 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
9174 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
9175 Debian archive.</p>
9176
9177 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
9178 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
9179 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
9180 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
9181 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
9182 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
9183 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
9184 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
9185 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
9186 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
9187 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
9188 free X driver should work.</p>
9189
9190 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
9191 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
9192 DVD more useful again.</p>
9193
9194       </div>
9195       <div class="tags">
9196
9197
9198         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9199
9200
9201       </div>
9202     </div>
9203     <div class="padding"></div>
9204
9205     <div class="entry">
9206       <div class="title">
9207         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
9208       </div>
9209       <div class="date">
9210         24th October 2010
9211       </div>
9212       <div class="body">
9213         <p>Some updates.</p>
9214
9215 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
9216 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
9217 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
9218 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
9219 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
9220 :)</p>
9221
9222 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
9223 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
9224 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
9225 It is called
9226 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
9227 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
9228 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
9229 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
9230 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
9231 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
9232
9233 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
9234 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
9235 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
9236 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
9237 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
9238 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
9239 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
9240 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
9241 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
9242 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
9243
9244       </div>
9245       <div class="tags">
9246
9247
9248         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
9249
9250
9251       </div>
9252     </div>
9253     <div class="padding"></div>
9254
9255     <div class="entry">
9256       <div class="title">
9257         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
9258       </div>
9259       <div class="date">
9260          4th September 2010
9261       </div>
9262       <div class="body">
9263         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
9264 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
9265 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
9266 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
9267 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
9268 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
9269 installed.</p>
9270
9271 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
9272 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
9273 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
9274 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
9275 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
9276 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
9277 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
9278 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
9279 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
9280
9281 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
9282 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
9283 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
9284 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
9285 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
9286 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
9287 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
9288 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
9289 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
9290 pages they want to visit.</p>
9291
9292 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
9293 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
9294 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
9295 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
9296 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
9297 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
9298 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
9299 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
9300 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
9301 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
9302 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
9303
9304       </div>
9305       <div class="tags">
9306
9307
9308         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
9309
9310
9311       </div>
9312     </div>
9313     <div class="padding"></div>
9314
9315     <div class="entry">
9316       <div class="title">
9317         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
9318       </div>
9319       <div class="date">
9320         30th August 2010
9321       </div>
9322       <div class="body">
9323         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
9324 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
9325 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
9326 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
9327 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
9328 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
9329 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
9330
9331 <pre>
9332 % ln foo bar
9333 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
9334 %
9335 </pre>
9336
9337 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
9338 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
9339 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
9340 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
9341 nevertheless. :)</p>
9342
9343 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
9344 git from
9345 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
9346
9347       </div>
9348       <div class="tags">
9349
9350
9351         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9352
9353
9354       </div>
9355     </div>
9356     <div class="padding"></div>
9357
9358     <div class="entry">
9359       <div class="title">
9360         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
9361       </div>
9362       <div class="date">
9363         26th August 2010
9364       </div>
9365       <div class="body">
9366         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
9367 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
9368 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
9369 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
9370 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
9371 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
9372 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
9373 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
9374 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
9375 Løsningen leveres av
9376 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
9377 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
9378 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
9379 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
9380 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
9381 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
9382 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
9383 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
9384 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
9385
9386       </div>
9387       <div class="tags">
9388
9389
9390         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9391
9392
9393       </div>
9394     </div>
9395     <div class="padding"></div>
9396
9397     <div class="entry">
9398       <div class="title">
9399         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
9400       </div>
9401       <div class="date">
9402         26th August 2010
9403       </div>
9404       <div class="body">
9405         <p>My file system sematics program
9406 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
9407 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
9408 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
9409 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
9410 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
9411 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
9412 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
9413 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
9414 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
9415 script:</p>
9416
9417 <pre>
9418 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
9419   mode_t retval = 0;
9420   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
9421   if (-1 != fd) {
9422     unlink(name);
9423     struct stat statbuf;
9424     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
9425       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
9426     }
9427     close(fd);
9428   }
9429   return retval;
9430 }
9431
9432 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
9433 int test_umask(void) {
9434   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
9435
9436   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
9437   mode_t newmode;
9438   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
9439     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
9440            newmode);
9441   }
9442   umask(007);
9443   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
9444     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
9445            newmode);
9446   }
9447
9448   umask (orig_umask);
9449   return 0;
9450 }
9451
9452 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
9453   [...]
9454   test_umask();
9455   return 0;
9456 }
9457 </pre>
9458
9459 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
9460
9461 <pre>
9462 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
9463 info: testing symlink creation
9464 info: testing subdirectory creation
9465 info: testing fcntl locking
9466   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9467   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9468   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
9469   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9470   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9471   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
9472 info: testing umask effect on file creation
9473 </pre>
9474
9475 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
9476 result:</p>
9477
9478 <pre>
9479 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
9480 info: testing symlink creation
9481 info: testing subdirectory creation
9482 info: testing fcntl locking
9483   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9484   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9485   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
9486   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9487   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9488   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
9489 info: testing umask effect on file creation
9490   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
9491   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
9492 </pre>
9493
9494 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
9495 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
9496 directory.</p>
9497
9498 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
9499 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
9500
9501 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
9502 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
9503 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
9504
9505       </div>
9506       <div class="tags">
9507
9508
9509         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9510
9511
9512       </div>
9513     </div>
9514     <div class="padding"></div>
9515
9516     <div class="entry">
9517       <div class="title">
9518         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
9519       </div>
9520       <div class="date">
9521          9th August 2010
9522       </div>
9523       <div class="body">
9524         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
9525 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
9526 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
9527 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
9528 generated configuration.</p>
9529
9530 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
9531 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
9532 without any manual configuration.</p>
9533
9534 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
9535 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
9536 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
9537 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
9538 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
9539 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
9540 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
9541 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
9542 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
9543 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
9544 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
9545 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
9546 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
9547 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
9548 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
9549 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
9550 use.</p>
9551
9552 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
9553 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
9554 working properly out of the box:</p>
9555
9556 <ul>
9557 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
9558 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
9559 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
9560 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
9561 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
9562 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
9563 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
9564 </ul>
9565
9566 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
9567
9568 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
9569 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
9570 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
9571 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
9572 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
9573
9574 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
9575 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
9576 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
9577 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
9578 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
9579 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
9580 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
9581 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
9582
9583 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
9584 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
9585 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
9586 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
9587 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
9588 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
9589 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
9590 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
9591 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
9592 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
9593 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
9594 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
9595 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
9596 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
9597 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
9598 current DNS domain is used.</p>
9599
9600 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
9601 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
9602 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
9603 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
9604 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
9605 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
9606 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
9607 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
9608 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
9609 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
9610 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
9611 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
9612 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
9613
9614 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
9615 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
9616 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
9617 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
9618 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
9619 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
9620 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
9621 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
9622 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
9623 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
9624 do for now. :)</p>
9625
9626 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
9627 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
9628 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
9629 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
9630 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
9631 yet.</p>
9632
9633 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
9634 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
9635
9636 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
9637 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
9638 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
9639 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
9640
9641       </div>
9642       <div class="tags">
9643
9644
9645         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9646
9647
9648       </div>
9649     </div>
9650     <div class="padding"></div>
9651
9652     <div class="entry">
9653       <div class="title">
9654         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
9655       </div>
9656       <div class="date">
9657          8th August 2010
9658       </div>
9659       <div class="body">
9660         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
9661 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
9662 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
9663 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
9664 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
9665 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
9666 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
9667
9668 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
9669 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
9670 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
9671 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
9672 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
9673 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
9674 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
9675
9676 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
9677 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
9678 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
9679 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
9680 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
9681
9682 <pre>
9683 /*
9684  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
9685  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
9686  * directory.
9687  * License: GPL v2 or later
9688  *
9689  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
9690  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
9691 */
9692
9693 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
9694 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
9695 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
9696
9697 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
9698
9699 #include &lt;errno.h>
9700 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
9701 #include &lt;stdio.h>
9702 #include &lt;string.h>
9703 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
9704 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
9705 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
9706 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
9707 #include &lt;unistd.h>
9708
9709 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
9710 /*
9711  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
9712  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
9713  * below.
9714  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
9715  */
9716 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
9717 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
9718   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
9719 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
9720   char *zErrMsg;
9721   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
9722   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
9723   unlink(name);
9724   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
9725   if( rc ){
9726     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
9727     sqlite3_close(db);
9728     return -1;
9729   }
9730
9731   /* create tables */
9732   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
9733   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
9734     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
9735     sqlite3_close(db);
9736     return -1;
9737   }
9738   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
9739   sqlite3_close(db);
9740   return 0;
9741 }
9742 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
9743
9744 /*
9745  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
9746  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
9747  * done in the sqlite3 library.
9748  * See also
9749  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
9750  * POSIX specification
9751  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
9752  */
9753 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
9754   struct flock fl;
9755   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
9756   unlink(name);
9757   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
9758   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
9759
9760   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
9761   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
9762   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
9763   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
9764   fl.l_len    = 1;
9765   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
9766   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9767
9768   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
9769   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
9770   fl.l_len    = 510;
9771   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
9772   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9773
9774   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
9775   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
9776   fl.l_len    = 1;
9777   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
9778   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9779
9780   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
9781   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
9782   fl.l_len    = 1;
9783   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
9784   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9785
9786   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
9787   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
9788   fl.l_len    = 510;
9789   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9790
9791   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
9792   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
9793   fl.l_len    = 2;
9794   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
9795   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
9796
9797   close(fd);
9798   return 0;
9799 }
9800
9801 /*
9802  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
9803  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
9804  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
9805  * slowing down file operations.
9806  */
9807 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
9808 #define LEVELS 5
9809   char *path = strdup("test");
9810   char *dirs[LEVELS];
9811   int level;
9812   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
9813   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
9814     char *newpath = NULL;
9815     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
9816       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
9817              path, strerror(errno));
9818       break;
9819     }
9820     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
9821     free(path);
9822     path = newpath;
9823   }
9824   return 0;
9825 }
9826
9827 /*
9828  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
9829  * KDE.
9830  */
9831 int test_symlinks(void) {
9832   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
9833   unlink("symlink");
9834   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
9835     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
9836   return 0;
9837 }
9838
9839 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
9840   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
9841   test_symlinks();
9842   test_subdirectory_creation();
9843 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
9844   test_sqlite_open();
9845 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
9846   test_gcompris_locking();
9847   return 0;
9848 }
9849 </pre>
9850
9851 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
9852 this:</p>
9853
9854 <pre>
9855 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
9856 info: testing symlink creation
9857 info: testing subdirectory creation
9858 info: sqlite worked
9859 info: testing fcntl locking
9860   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9861   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9862   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
9863   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
9864   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
9865   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
9866 </pre>
9867
9868 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
9869 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
9870 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
9871 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
9872 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
9873 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
9874 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
9875 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
9876
9877 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
9878 it. :)</p>
9879
9880 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
9881 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
9882 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
9883
9884       </div>
9885       <div class="tags">
9886
9887
9888         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9889
9890
9891       </div>
9892     </div>
9893     <div class="padding"></div>
9894
9895     <div class="entry">
9896       <div class="title">
9897         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
9898       </div>
9899       <div class="date">
9900          7th August 2010
9901       </div>
9902       <div class="body">
9903         <p>A few days ago, I
9904 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
9905 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
9906 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
9907 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
9908 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
9909 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
9910 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
9911 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
9912 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
9913
9914 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
9915 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
9916 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
9917 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
9918 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
9919 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
9920 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
9921 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
9922 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
9923 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
9924 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
9925 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
9926 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
9927 gave it a IP address.</p>
9928
9929 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
9930 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
9931 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
9932 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
9933 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
9934 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
9935 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
9936 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
9937
9938 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
9939 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
9940 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
9941 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
9942 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
9943 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
9944
9945 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
9946 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
9947 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
9948 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
9949 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
9950 with UID and GID values.</p>
9951
9952 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
9953 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
9954
9955       </div>
9956       <div class="tags">
9957
9958
9959         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9960
9961
9962       </div>
9963     </div>
9964     <div class="padding"></div>
9965
9966     <div class="entry">
9967       <div class="title">
9968         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
9969       </div>
9970       <div class="date">
9971          3rd August 2010
9972       </div>
9973       <div class="body">
9974         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
9975 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
9976 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
9977 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
9978 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
9979 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
9980 servers.</p>
9981
9982 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
9983 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
9984 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
9985 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
9986 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
9987 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
9988 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
9989 .uio.no.</p>
9990
9991 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
9992 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
9993 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
9994 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
9995 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
9996 university servers.</p>
9997
9998 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
9999 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
10000 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
10001 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
10002 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
10003 uses.</p>
10004
10005       </div>
10006       <div class="tags">
10007
10008
10009         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10010
10011
10012       </div>
10013     </div>
10014     <div class="padding"></div>
10015
10016     <div class="entry">
10017       <div class="title">
10018         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
10019       </div>
10020       <div class="date">
10021         27th July 2010
10022       </div>
10023       <div class="body">
10024         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
10025 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
10026 completed.</p>
10027
10028 <blockquote>
10029 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
10030 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
10031 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
10032 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
10033 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
10034 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
10035 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
10036 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
10037
10038 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
10039 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
10040 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
10041
10042 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
10043 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
10044 much.</p>
10045
10046 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
10047
10048 <ul>
10049 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
10050 <ul>
10051   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
10052          combination with some new artwork
10053   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
10054   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
10055   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
10056   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
10057   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
10058   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
10059   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
10060   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
10061   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
10062 </ul></li>
10063 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
10064     Enabled for:
10065 <ul>
10066   <li>PAM
10067   <li>LDAP
10068   <li>IMAP
10069   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
10070 </ul>
10071 </li>
10072 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
10073 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
10074     fetched from LDAP.</li>
10075 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
10076 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
10077 </ul>
10078 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
10079
10080 <ul>
10081 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
10082     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
10083     for testing.</li>
10084 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
10085     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
10086     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
10087 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
10088 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
10089 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
10090 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
10091     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
10092 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
10093     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
10094     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
10095 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
10096     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
10097     and help out with translations.</li>
10098 </ul>
10099
10100 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
10101
10102 <ul>
10103 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
10104 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
10105 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
10106 </ul>
10107 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
10108
10109 <ul>
10110 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
10111 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
10112 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
10113 </ul>
10114
10115 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
10116 get closer to the final release.</p>
10117
10118 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
10119
10120 <ul>
10121 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
10122 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
10123 </ul>
10124
10125 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
10126 <ul>
10127 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
10128 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
10129 </ul>
10130 <p>How to report bugs:
10131 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
10132
10133 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
10134 </blockquote>
10135
10136       </div>
10137       <div class="tags">
10138
10139
10140         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10141
10142
10143       </div>
10144     </div>
10145     <div class="padding"></div>
10146
10147     <div class="entry">
10148       <div class="title">
10149         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
10150       </div>
10151       <div class="date">
10152         25th July 2010
10153       </div>
10154       <div class="body">
10155         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
10156 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
10157 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
10158 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
10159 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
10160
10161 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
10162 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
10163 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
10164 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
10165 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
10166 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
10167 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
10168
10169 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
10170 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
10171 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
10172 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
10173 up. :)</p>
10174
10175 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
10176 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
10177 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
10178
10179 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
10180 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
10181 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
10182 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
10183 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
10184 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
10185 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
10186 release another day.</p>
10187
10188 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
10189 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10190
10191       </div>
10192       <div class="tags">
10193
10194
10195         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
10196
10197
10198       </div>
10199     </div>
10200     <div class="padding"></div>
10201
10202     <div class="entry">
10203       <div class="title">
10204         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
10205       </div>
10206       <div class="date">
10207         17th July 2010
10208       </div>
10209       <div class="body">
10210         <p>This is a
10211 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
10212 on my
10213 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
10214 work</a> on
10215 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
10216 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
10217
10218 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
10219 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
10220 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
10221 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
10222
10223 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
10224 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
10225 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
10226
10227 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
10228
10229 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
10230 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
10231 the web.
10232
10233 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
10234 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
10235 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
10236 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
10237 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
10238 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
10239
10240 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
10241 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
10242 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
10243 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
10244 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
10245 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
10246 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
10247 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
10248 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
10249 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
10250 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
10251 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
10252 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
10253 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
10254 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
10255 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
10256
10257 <blockquote><pre>
10258 ldapsearch -h ldap \
10259   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
10260   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
10261   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
10262   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
10263   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
10264   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
10265
10266 ldapsearch -h ldap \
10267   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
10268   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
10269   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
10270   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
10271   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
10272 </pre></blockquote>
10273
10274 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
10275 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
10276 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
10277 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10278 also exist.</p>
10279
10280 <blockquote><pre>
10281 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10282 objectclass: top
10283 objectclass: dnsdomain
10284 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
10285 dc: tjener
10286 arecord: 10.0.2.2
10287 associateddomain: tjener.intern
10288
10289 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10290 objectclass: top
10291 objectclass: dnsdomain2
10292 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
10293 dc: 2
10294 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
10295 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
10296 </pre></blockquote>
10297
10298 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
10299 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
10300 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
10301 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
10302 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
10303 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
10304 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
10305 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
10306 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
10307 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
10308 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
10309 instead.</p>
10310
10311 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
10312 like this:</p>
10313
10314 <blockquote><pre>
10315 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
10316   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
10317   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
10318   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
10319   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
10320   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
10321
10322 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
10323   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
10324 </pre></blockquote>
10325
10326 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
10327 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
10328 reverse lookups.</p>
10329
10330 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
10331 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
10332 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
10333 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
10334
10335 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
10336 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
10337 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
10338
10339 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
10340 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
10341 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
10342 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
10343 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
10344
10345 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
10346 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
10347 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
10348 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
10349 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
10350
10351 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
10352 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
10353 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
10354 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
10355 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
10356 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
10357
10358 <blockquote><pre>
10359 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
10360     SUP top
10361     AUXILIARY
10362     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
10363           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
10364           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
10365           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
10366           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
10367     ))
10368 </pre></blockquote>
10369
10370 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
10371 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
10372 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
10373 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
10374 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
10375 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
10376
10377 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
10378
10379 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
10380 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
10381 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
10382 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
10383 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
10384
10385 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
10386 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
10387 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
10388 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
10389
10390 <blockquote><pre>
10391 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
10392 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
10393 </pre></blockquote>
10394
10395 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
10396 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
10397 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
10398 search result is this entry:</p>
10399
10400 <blockquote><pre>
10401 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10402 cn: dhcp
10403 objectClass: top
10404 objectClass: dhcpServer
10405 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10406 </pre></blockquote>
10407
10408 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
10409 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
10410 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
10411 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
10412 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
10413 The search result is this entry:</p>
10414
10415 <blockquote><pre>
10416 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10417 cn: DHCP Config
10418 objectClass: top
10419 objectClass: dhcpService
10420 objectClass: dhcpOptions
10421 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10422 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
10423 dhcpStatements: authoritative
10424 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
10425 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
10426 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
10427 </pre></blockquote>
10428
10429 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
10430 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
10431 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
10432 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
10433 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
10434 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
10435 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
10436 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
10437 related computer objects.</p>
10438
10439 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
10440 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
10441 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
10442 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
10443 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
10444 like:</p>
10445
10446 <blockquote><pre>
10447 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10448 cn: hostname
10449 objectClass: top
10450 objectClass: dhcpHost
10451 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
10452 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
10453 </pre></blockquote>
10454
10455 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
10456 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
10457 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
10458 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
10459 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
10460 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
10461 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
10462 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
10463 structural object class.
10464
10465 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
10466
10467 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
10468 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
10469 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
10470 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
10471 in the configuration.</p>
10472
10473 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
10474 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
10475 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
10476 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
10477 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
10478 structure.</p>
10479
10480 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
10481 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
10482
10483 <blockquote><pre>
10484 ou=services
10485   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
10486     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
10487     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
10488       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
10489         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
10490     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
10491       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
10492         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
10493     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
10494       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
10495 </pre></blockquote>
10496
10497 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
10498 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
10499 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
10500 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
10501
10502 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
10503 like this:</p>
10504
10505 <blockquote><pre>
10506 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10507 dc: hostname
10508 objectClass: top
10509 objectClass: dhcpHost
10510 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
10511 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
10512 associateddomain: hostname.intern
10513 arecord: 10.11.12.13
10514 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
10515 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
10516 </pre></blockquote>
10517
10518 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
10519 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
10520 auxiliary object class.</p>
10521
10522       </div>
10523       <div class="tags">
10524
10525
10526         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10527
10528
10529       </div>
10530     </div>
10531     <div class="padding"></div>
10532
10533     <div class="entry">
10534       <div class="title">
10535         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
10536       </div>
10537       <div class="date">
10538         14th July 2010
10539       </div>
10540       <div class="body">
10541         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
10542 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
10543 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
10544 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
10545 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
10546
10547 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
10548 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
10549
10550 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
10551 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
10552 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
10553 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
10554 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
10555 to a slave DNS server.</p>
10556
10557 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
10558 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
10559 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
10560 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
10561 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
10562 seem to work.</p>
10563
10564 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
10565 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
10566 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
10567 this:</p>
10568
10569 <blockquote><pre>
10570   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
10571   cn: hostname
10572   objectClass: dhcphost
10573   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
10574   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
10575   associateddomain: hostname.intern
10576   arecord: 10.11.12.13
10577   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
10578   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
10579   ldapconfigsound: Y
10580 </pre></blockquote>
10581
10582 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
10583 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
10584 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
10585 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
10586
10587 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
10588 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
10589 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
10590 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
10591 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
10592 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
10593 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
10594 might be a good place to put it.</p>
10595
10596 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
10597 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10598
10599       </div>
10600       <div class="tags">
10601
10602
10603         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10604
10605
10606       </div>
10607     </div>
10608     <div class="padding"></div>
10609
10610     <div class="entry">
10611       <div class="title">
10612         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
10613       </div>
10614       <div class="date">
10615         11th July 2010
10616       </div>
10617       <div class="body">
10618         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
10619 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
10620 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
10621 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
10622
10623 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
10624 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
10625 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
10626 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
10627 LTSP clients.</p>
10628
10629 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
10630 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
10631 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
10632
10633 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
10634 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
10635 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
10636
10637 <blockquote><pre>
10638 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
10639 #
10640 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
10641 #
10642 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
10643 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
10644 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
10645 #
10646 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
10647 # existence of attribute names.
10648 #
10649 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
10650 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
10651 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
10652 #
10653 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
10654 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
10655 #
10656 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
10657 #     SUP top
10658 #     AUXILIARY
10659 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
10660
10661 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
10662 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
10663     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
10664     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
10665         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
10666         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
10667             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
10668             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
10669             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
10670             # bass value on to clients
10671             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
10672         done
10673     done
10674 fi
10675 </pre></blockquote>
10676
10677 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
10678 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
10679 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
10680 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
10681 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
10682
10683 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
10684 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
10685
10686 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
10687 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
10688 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
10689 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
10690 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
10691 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
10692
10693       </div>
10694       <div class="tags">
10695
10696
10697         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10698
10699
10700       </div>
10701     </div>
10702     <div class="padding"></div>
10703
10704     <div class="entry">
10705       <div class="title">
10706         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
10707       </div>
10708       <div class="date">
10709          9th July 2010
10710       </div>
10711       <div class="body">
10712         <p>Since
10713 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
10714 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
10715 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
10716 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
10717 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
10718 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
10719 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
10720 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
10721 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
10722 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
10723 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
10724 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
10725 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
10726
10727       </div>
10728       <div class="tags">
10729
10730
10731         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10732
10733
10734       </div>
10735     </div>
10736     <div class="padding"></div>
10737
10738     <div class="entry">
10739       <div class="title">
10740         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
10741       </div>
10742       <div class="date">
10743          3rd July 2010
10744       </div>
10745       <div class="body">
10746         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
10747 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
10748 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
10749 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
10750 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
10751 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
10752 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
10753 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
10754
10755 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
10756 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
10757 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
10758 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
10759 publish the difference.</p>
10760
10761 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10762
10763 <blockquote><p>
10764   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10765   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
10766   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
10767   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
10768   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
10769   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
10770   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
10771   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
10772 </p></blockquote>
10773
10774 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10775
10776 <blockquote><p>
10777   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
10778   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
10779   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
10780   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
10781   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
10782   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
10783   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
10784   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
10785   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10786   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
10787   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
10788   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
10789   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
10790   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
10791   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
10792   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
10793   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
10794   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
10795   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
10796   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
10797 </p></blockquote>
10798
10799 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10800
10801 <blockquote><p>
10802   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
10803   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
10804   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
10805   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
10806   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
10807   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
10808   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
10809   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
10810   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
10811   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
10812   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
10813   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
10814   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
10815   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
10816   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
10817   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
10818   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
10819   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
10820   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
10821   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
10822   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
10823 </p></blockquote>
10824
10825 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10826
10827 <blockquote><p>
10828   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
10829   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
10830   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
10831 </p></blockquote>
10832
10833 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
10834 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
10835 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
10836 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
10837 the difference somewhat.
10838
10839       </div>
10840       <div class="tags">
10841
10842
10843         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10844
10845
10846       </div>
10847     </div>
10848     <div class="padding"></div>
10849
10850     <div class="entry">
10851       <div class="title">
10852         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
10853       </div>
10854       <div class="date">
10855          1st July 2010
10856       </div>
10857       <div class="body">
10858         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
10859 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
10860 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
10861 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
10862 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
10863 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
10864 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
10865 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
10866 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
10867
10868 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
10869
10870 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
10871 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
10872 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
10873 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
10874 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
10875 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
10876 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
10877 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
10878 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
10879 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
10880 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
10881 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
10882 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
10883 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
10884 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
10885
10886 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
10887
10888 <blockquote><pre>
10889 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
10890 </pre></blockquote>
10891
10892 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
10893 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
10894 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
10895 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
10896 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
10897 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
10898 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
10899 on how to get this working.</p>
10900
10901 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
10902 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
10903 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
10904 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
10905 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
10906 instructions I found in the
10907 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
10908 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
10909
10910 <blockquote><pre>
10911         debug-level             0
10912         reload-count            unlimited
10913         paranoia                no
10914
10915         enable-cache            passwd          yes
10916         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
10917         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
10918         suggested-size          passwd          211
10919         check-files             passwd          yes
10920         persistent              passwd          yes
10921         shared                  passwd          yes
10922         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
10923         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
10924
10925         enable-cache            group           yes
10926         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
10927         negative-time-to-live   group           20
10928         suggested-size          group           211
10929         check-files             group           yes
10930         persistent              group           yes
10931         shared                  group           yes
10932         max-db-size             group           33554432
10933         auto-propagate          group           yes
10934
10935         enable-cache            hosts           no
10936         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
10937         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
10938         suggested-size          hosts           211
10939         check-files             hosts           yes
10940         persistent              hosts           yes
10941         shared                  hosts           yes
10942         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
10943
10944         enable-cache            services        yes
10945         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
10946         negative-time-to-live   services        20
10947         suggested-size          services        211
10948         check-files             services        yes
10949         persistent              services        yes
10950         shared                  services        yes
10951         max-db-size             services        33554432
10952 </pre></blockquote>
10953
10954 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
10955 automatically like the one provided in
10956 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
10957 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
10958 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
10959 look like this:</p>
10960
10961 <blockquote><pre>
10962 passwd:         files ldap
10963 group:          files ldap
10964 shadow:         files ldap
10965 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
10966 networks:       files
10967 protocols:      files
10968 services:       files
10969 ethers:         files
10970 rpc:            files
10971 netgroup:       files ldap
10972 </pre></blockquote>
10973
10974 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
10975 shadow and netgroup.</p>
10976
10977 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
10978 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
10979 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
10980 attributes cached.
10981
10982 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
10983   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
10984
10985 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
10986 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
10987 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
10988 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
10989 discovered sssd.</p>
10990
10991 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
10992
10993 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
10994 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
10995 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
10996 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
10997 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
10998 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
10999 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
11000 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
11001 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
11002 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
11003 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
11004 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
11005 version 1.2 is now in testing.
11006
11007 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
11008 roaming setup I want</p>
11009
11010 <blockquote><pre>
11011 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
11012 </pre></blockquote>
11013
11014 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
11015 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
11016
11017 <blockquote><pre>
11018 [sssd]
11019 config_file_version = 2
11020 reconnection_retries = 3
11021 sbus_timeout = 30
11022 services = nss, pam
11023 domains = INTERN
11024
11025 [nss]
11026 filter_groups = root
11027 filter_users = root
11028 reconnection_retries = 3
11029
11030 [pam]
11031 reconnection_retries = 3
11032
11033 [domain/INTERN]
11034 enumerate = false
11035 cache_credentials = true
11036
11037 id_provider = ldap
11038 auth_provider = ldap
11039 chpass_provider = ldap
11040
11041 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
11042 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11043 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
11044 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
11045 </pre></blockquote>
11046
11047 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
11048 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
11049
11050 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
11051 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
11052 modify it manually.</p>
11053
11054 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11055 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11056
11057       </div>
11058       <div class="tags">
11059
11060
11061         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11062
11063
11064       </div>
11065     </div>
11066     <div class="padding"></div>
11067
11068     <div class="entry">
11069       <div class="title">
11070         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
11071       </div>
11072       <div class="date">
11073         28th June 2010
11074       </div>
11075       <div class="body">
11076         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
11077 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
11078 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
11079 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
11080 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
11081 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
11082 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
11083 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
11084 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
11085 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
11086
11087 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
11088 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
11089 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
11090 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
11091 released.</p>
11092
11093 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
11094 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
11095 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
11096 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
11097
11098 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
11099 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11100
11101 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
11102 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
11103 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
11104 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
11105 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
11106
11107       </div>
11108       <div class="tags">
11109
11110
11111         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11112
11113
11114       </div>
11115     </div>
11116     <div class="padding"></div>
11117
11118     <div class="entry">
11119       <div class="title">
11120         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
11121       </div>
11122       <div class="date">
11123         24th June 2010
11124       </div>
11125       <div class="body">
11126         <p>A while back, I
11127 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
11128 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
11129 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
11130 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
11131
11132 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
11133 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
11134 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
11135 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
11136
11137 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
11138 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
11139 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
11140 Debian Edu.</p>
11141
11142 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
11143 the
11144 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
11145 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
11146 available today from IETF.</p>
11147
11148 <pre>
11149 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
11150 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
11151 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
11152  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
11153         NAME 'dhcpHost'
11154         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
11155 -       SUP top
11156 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
11157         MUST cn
11158         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
11159         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
11160 </pre>
11161
11162 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
11163 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
11164 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
11165
11166 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11167 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11168
11169       </div>
11170       <div class="tags">
11171
11172
11173         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11174
11175
11176       </div>
11177     </div>
11178     <div class="padding"></div>
11179
11180     <div class="entry">
11181       <div class="title">
11182         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
11183       </div>
11184       <div class="date">
11185         13th June 2010
11186       </div>
11187       <div class="body">
11188         <p>My
11189 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
11190 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
11191 finally made the upgrade logs available from
11192 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
11193 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
11194 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
11195 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
11196
11197 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
11198 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
11199 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
11200 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
11201 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
11202 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
11203 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
11204 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
11205
11206 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
11207 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
11208 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
11209 too surprising.</p>
11210
11211 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
11212 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
11213 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
11214 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
11215 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
11216 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
11217 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
11218 continue.</p>
11219
11220 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
11221 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
11222   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
11223   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
11224   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
11225   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
11226   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
11227   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
11228   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
11229   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
11230   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
11231   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
11232   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
11233   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
11234   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
11235   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11236   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
11237   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
11238   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
11239   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
11240   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
11241   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
11242   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
11243   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
11244   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
11245   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
11246   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
11247   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
11248   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
11249   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
11250
11251 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
11252
11253 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
11254   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
11255   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
11256   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
11257   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
11258   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
11259   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
11260   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
11261   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
11262   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
11263   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
11264   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
11265   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
11266   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
11267   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
11268   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
11269   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
11270   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
11271   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
11272   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
11273   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
11274   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
11275   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
11276   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
11277   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
11278   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
11279   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
11280   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
11281   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
11282   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11283   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
11284   zip</p>
11285
11286 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
11287
11288 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
11289   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
11290   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
11291   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
11292   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
11293   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
11294   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
11295   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
11296   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
11297   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
11298   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
11299   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
11300   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
11301   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
11302   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11303   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
11304   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
11305   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
11306   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
11307   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
11308   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
11309   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
11310   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
11311   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
11312   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
11313   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
11314   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
11315   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
11316
11317 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
11318 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
11319   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
11320   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
11321   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
11322   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
11323   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
11324   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
11325   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
11326   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
11327   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
11328   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
11329   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
11330   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
11331   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
11332   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
11333   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
11334   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
11335   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
11336   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
11337   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
11338   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
11339   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
11340   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
11341   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
11342   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
11343   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
11344   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
11345   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
11346   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
11347   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
11348   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
11349   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
11350   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
11351   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
11352   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
11353   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
11354   xulrunner-1.9</p>
11355
11356
11357       </div>
11358       <div class="tags">
11359
11360
11361         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11362
11363
11364       </div>
11365     </div>
11366     <div class="padding"></div>
11367
11368     <div class="entry">
11369       <div class="title">
11370         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
11371       </div>
11372       <div class="date">
11373         11th June 2010
11374       </div>
11375       <div class="body">
11376         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
11377 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
11378 have been discovered and reported in the process
11379 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
11380 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
11381 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
11382 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
11383 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
11384
11385 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
11386 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
11387 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
11388 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
11389 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
11390 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
11391
11392 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
11393 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
11394 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
11395 is created.  The bug report
11396 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
11397 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
11398 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
11399 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
11400 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
11401 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
11402 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
11403 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
11404 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
11405 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
11406 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
11407 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
11408 Debian Squeeze.</p>
11409
11410 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
11411 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
11412 trick:</p>
11413
11414 <blockquote><pre>
11415 #!/bin/sh
11416 set -ex
11417
11418 if [ "$1" ] ; then
11419     desktop=$1
11420 else
11421     desktop=gnome
11422 fi
11423
11424 from=lenny
11425 to=squeeze
11426
11427 exec &lt; /dev/null
11428 unset LANG
11429 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
11430 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
11431 fuser -mv .
11432 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
11433 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
11434 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
11435 #!/bin/sh
11436 exit 101
11437 EOF
11438 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
11439 exit_cleanup() {
11440     umount $tmpdir/proc
11441 }
11442 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
11443 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
11444 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
11445
11446 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
11447
11448 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
11449 # to return the correct answers.
11450 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
11451     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
11452
11453 # Include the desktop and laptop task
11454 for test in desktop laptop ; do
11455     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
11456 #!/bin/sh
11457 exit 2
11458 EOF
11459     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
11460 done
11461
11462 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
11463 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
11464 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
11465 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
11466
11467 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
11468 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
11469 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
11470 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
11471 fuser -mv
11472 </pre></blockquote>
11473
11474 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
11475 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
11476 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
11477 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
11478 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
11479 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
11480
11481 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
11482 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
11483 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
11484 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
11485 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
11486 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
11487 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
11488
11489 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
11490 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
11491 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
11492 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
11493 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
11494 packages.</p>
11495
11496       </div>
11497       <div class="tags">
11498
11499
11500         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11501
11502
11503       </div>
11504     </div>
11505     <div class="padding"></div>
11506
11507     <div class="entry">
11508       <div class="title">
11509         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
11510       </div>
11511       <div class="date">
11512          9th June 2010
11513       </div>
11514       <div class="body">
11515         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
11516 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
11517 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
11518 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
11519 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
11520 blygsel:</p>
11521
11522 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
11523 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
11524 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
11525 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
11526 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
11527 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
11528
11529 <p>En <a
11530 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
11531 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
11532 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
11533 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
11534 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
11535 nettet sendte meg til
11536 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
11537 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
11538
11539 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
11540 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
11541 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
11542 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
11543 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
11544
11545 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
11546 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
11547 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
11548 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
11549 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
11550 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
11551 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
11552 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
11553 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
11554
11555 <blockquote>
11556 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
11557 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
11558 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
11559 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
11560 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
11561 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
11562 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
11563 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
11564
11565 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
11566 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
11567 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
11568 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
11569 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
11570 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
11571 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
11572 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
11573 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
11574 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
11575
11576 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
11577 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
11578 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
11579 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
11580
11581 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
11582 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
11583 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
11584 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
11585 arbeid.</p>
11586 </blockquote>
11587
11588 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
11589 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
11590 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
11591 minner.</p>
11592
11593       </div>
11594       <div class="tags">
11595
11596
11597         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11598
11599
11600       </div>
11601     </div>
11602     <div class="padding"></div>
11603
11604     <div class="entry">
11605       <div class="title">
11606         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
11607       </div>
11608       <div class="date">
11609          6th June 2010
11610       </div>
11611       <div class="body">
11612         <p>Via the
11613 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
11614 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
11615 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
11616 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
11617 following the standards wars of today.</p>
11618
11619       </div>
11620       <div class="tags">
11621
11622
11623         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
11624
11625
11626       </div>
11627     </div>
11628     <div class="padding"></div>
11629
11630     <div class="entry">
11631       <div class="title">
11632         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
11633       </div>
11634       <div class="date">
11635          3rd June 2010
11636       </div>
11637       <div class="body">
11638         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
11639 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
11640 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
11641 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
11642 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
11643
11644 <blockquote><pre>
11645 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
11646   vendor                    count
11647   Dell Computer Corporation     1
11648     PowerEdge 1750              1
11649   IBM                           1
11650     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
11651   Intel                         2
11652   [no-dmi-info]                 3
11653 maintainer:~#
11654 </pre></blockquote>
11655
11656 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
11657 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
11658 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
11659 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
11660 option to list the individual machines.</p>
11661
11662 <p>A larger list is
11663 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
11664 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
11665 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
11666 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
11667 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
11668 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
11669 collector.</p>
11670
11671       </div>
11672       <div class="tags">
11673
11674
11675         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
11676
11677
11678       </div>
11679     </div>
11680     <div class="padding"></div>
11681
11682     <div class="entry">
11683       <div class="title">
11684         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
11685       </div>
11686       <div class="date">
11687          1st June 2010
11688       </div>
11689       <div class="body">
11690         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
11691 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
11692 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
11693 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
11694 wait.</p>
11695
11696 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
11697 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
11698 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
11699 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
11700 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
11701 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
11702
11703 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
11704 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
11705 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
11706 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
11707 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
11708 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
11709 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
11710 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
11711
11712 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
11713
11714       </div>
11715       <div class="tags">
11716
11717
11718         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11719
11720
11721       </div>
11722     </div>
11723     <div class="padding"></div>
11724
11725     <div class="entry">
11726       <div class="title">
11727         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
11728       </div>
11729       <div class="date">
11730         27th May 2010
11731       </div>
11732       <div class="body">
11733         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
11734 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
11735 issues are known and should be solved:
11736
11737 <p><ul>
11738
11739 <li>The wicd package seen to
11740 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
11741 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
11742 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
11743 seem to be on the case.</li>
11744
11745 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
11746 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
11747 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
11748 maintainer is on the case.</li>
11749
11750 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
11751 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
11752 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
11753 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
11754 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
11755 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
11756 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
11757 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
11758
11759 </ul></p>
11760
11761 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
11762 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
11763 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
11764 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
11765
11766 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
11767 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
11768 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
11769 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
11770
11771 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
11772
11773       </div>
11774       <div class="tags">
11775
11776
11777         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11778
11779
11780       </div>
11781     </div>
11782     <div class="padding"></div>
11783
11784     <div class="entry">
11785       <div class="title">
11786         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
11787       </div>
11788       <div class="date">
11789         22nd May 2010
11790       </div>
11791       <div class="body">
11792         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
11793 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
11794 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
11795 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
11796
11797 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
11798 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
11799 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
11800 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
11801 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
11802 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
11803 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
11804 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
11805 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
11806 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
11807 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
11808 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
11809 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
11810 going to work.</p>
11811
11812 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
11813 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
11814 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
11815 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
11816 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
11817 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
11818 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
11819 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
11820 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
11821 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
11822 Edu.</p>
11823
11824 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
11825 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
11826 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
11827 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
11828 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
11829 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
11830
11831 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
11832 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
11833
11834       </div>
11835       <div class="tags">
11836
11837
11838         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11839
11840
11841       </div>
11842     </div>
11843     <div class="padding"></div>
11844
11845     <div class="entry">
11846       <div class="title">
11847         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
11848       </div>
11849       <div class="date">
11850         19th May 2010
11851       </div>
11852       <div class="body">
11853         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
11854 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
11855 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
11856 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
11857 into unstable.  The
11858 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
11859 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
11860 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
11861 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
11862 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
11863 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
11864 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
11865
11866 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
11867 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
11868 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
11869 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
11870 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
11871 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
11872 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
11873 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
11874
11875 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
11876 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
11877 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
11878 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
11879 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
11880 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
11881 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
11882
11883 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
11884 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
11885 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
11886 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
11887 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
11888 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
11889 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
11890 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
11891 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
11892 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
11893 on the home directory servers.</p>
11894
11895 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
11896 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
11897 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
11898 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
11899 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
11900 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
11901
11902 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
11903 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11904
11905       </div>
11906       <div class="tags">
11907
11908
11909         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11910
11911
11912       </div>
11913     </div>
11914     <div class="padding"></div>
11915
11916     <div class="entry">
11917       <div class="title">
11918         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
11919       </div>
11920       <div class="date">
11921         14th May 2010
11922       </div>
11923       <div class="body">
11924         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
11925 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
11926 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
11927 expected, if I am to believe the
11928 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
11929 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
11930 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
11931 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
11932 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
11933 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
11934 version.</p>
11935
11936 More information about
11937 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
11938 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
11939 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
11940 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
11941
11942 <blockquote><pre>
11943 CONCURRENCY=none
11944 </pre></blockquote>
11945
11946 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
11947 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
11948 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
11949 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
11950
11951       </div>
11952       <div class="tags">
11953
11954
11955         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
11956
11957
11958       </div>
11959     </div>
11960     <div class="padding"></div>
11961
11962     <div class="entry">
11963       <div class="title">
11964         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
11965       </div>
11966       <div class="date">
11967         14th May 2010
11968       </div>
11969       <div class="body">
11970         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
11971 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
11972 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
11973 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
11974 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
11975 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
11976 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
11977 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
11978
11979 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
11980 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
11981 this on the collector host:</p>
11982
11983 <blockquote><pre>
11984 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
11985 </pre></blockquote>
11986
11987 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
11988 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
11989
11990 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
11991 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
11992 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
11993 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
11994 written yet.</p>
11995
11996       </div>
11997       <div class="tags">
11998
11999
12000         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
12001
12002
12003       </div>
12004     </div>
12005     <div class="padding"></div>
12006
12007     <div class="entry">
12008       <div class="title">
12009         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
12010       </div>
12011       <div class="date">
12012          2nd May 2010
12013       </div>
12014       <div class="body">
12015         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
12016 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
12017 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
12018
12019 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
12020 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
12021 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
12022 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
12023 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
12024
12025 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
12026 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
12027
12028 <blockquote><pre>
12029 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
12030 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
12031 Password expires                                        : never
12032 Password inactive                                       : never
12033 Account expires                                         : never
12034 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
12035 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
12036 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
12037 root@tjener:~#
12038 </pre></blockquote>
12039
12040 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
12041 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
12042 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
12043 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
12044 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
12045 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
12046
12047 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
12048 intended:</p>
12049
12050 <blockquote><pre>
12051 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
12052 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
12053 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
12054 Password expires                                        : never
12055 Password inactive                                       : never
12056 Account expires                                         : never
12057 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
12058 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
12059 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
12060 root@tjener:~#
12061 </pre></blockquote>
12062
12063 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
12064 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
12065 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
12066
12067 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
12068 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
12069
12070 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
12071 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12072
12073 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
12074 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
12075 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
12076 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
12077 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
12078 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
12079 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
12080
12081 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
12082 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
12083 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
12084 change.</p>
12085
12086       </div>
12087       <div class="tags">
12088
12089
12090         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
12091
12092
12093       </div>
12094     </div>
12095     <div class="padding"></div>
12096
12097     <div class="entry">
12098       <div class="title">
12099         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
12100       </div>
12101       <div class="date">
12102         28th April 2010
12103       </div>
12104       <div class="body">
12105         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
12106 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
12107 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
12108 and go.</p>
12109
12110 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
12111 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
12112 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
12113 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
12114
12115 <ul>
12116
12117  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
12118    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
12119    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
12120    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
12121    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
12122    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
12123    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
12124    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
12125    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
12126    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
12127    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
12128    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
12129
12130  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
12131    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
12132    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
12133    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
12134    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
12135    or the Fedora developed
12136    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
12137    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
12138
12139  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
12140    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
12141    directory, using unison.</li>
12142
12143  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
12144    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
12145    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
12146    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
12147    implemented.</li>
12148
12149  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
12150    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
12151
12152  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
12153    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
12154    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
12155
12156 </ul>
12157
12158 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
12159 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
12160 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
12161 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
12162 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
12163 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
12164 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
12165 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
12166 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
12167
12168 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12169 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12170
12171       </div>
12172       <div class="tags">
12173
12174
12175         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12176
12177
12178       </div>
12179     </div>
12180     <div class="padding"></div>
12181
12182     <div class="entry">
12183       <div class="title">
12184         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
12185       </div>
12186       <div class="date">
12187         14th April 2010
12188       </div>
12189       <div class="body">
12190         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
12191 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
12192 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
12193 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
12194 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
12195 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
12196 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
12197 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
12198 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
12199
12200 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
12201 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
12202 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
12203 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
12204 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
12205
12206 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
12207 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
12208
12209 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
12210 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
12211 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
12212 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
12213 to work properly.</p>
12214
12215 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
12216 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
12217 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
12218 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
12219 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
12220 time.</p>
12221
12222 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
12223 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
12224 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
12225 up in a few days.</p>
12226
12227       </div>
12228       <div class="tags">
12229
12230
12231         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12232
12233
12234       </div>
12235     </div>
12236     <div class="padding"></div>
12237
12238     <div class="entry">
12239       <div class="title">
12240         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
12241       </div>
12242       <div class="date">
12243          6th March 2010
12244       </div>
12245       <div class="body">
12246         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
12247 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
12248 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
12249 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
12250 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
12251 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
12252
12253 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
12254 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
12255 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
12256 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
12257
12258 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
12259 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
12260 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
12261 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
12262 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
12263 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
12264
12265       </div>
12266       <div class="tags">
12267
12268
12269         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12270
12271
12272       </div>
12273     </div>
12274     <div class="padding"></div>
12275
12276     <div class="entry">
12277       <div class="title">
12278         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
12279       </div>
12280       <div class="date">
12281         11th February 2010
12282       </div>
12283       <div class="body">
12284         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
12285 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
12286 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
12287 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
12288 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
12289 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
12290 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
12291
12292 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
12293
12294 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
12295 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
12296 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
12297 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
12298
12299       </div>
12300       <div class="tags">
12301
12302
12303         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12304
12305
12306       </div>
12307     </div>
12308     <div class="padding"></div>
12309
12310     <div class="entry">
12311       <div class="title">
12312         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
12313       </div>
12314       <div class="date">
12315         27th January 2010
12316       </div>
12317       <div class="body">
12318         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
12319 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
12320 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
12321 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
12322 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
12323 further.</p>
12324
12325 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
12326 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
12327 configured to be a server for the
12328 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
12329 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
12330 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
12331 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
12332 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
12333 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
12334 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
12335 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
12336 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
12337 and Nagios configuration.</p>
12338
12339 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
12340 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
12341 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
12342 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
12343
12344 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
12345 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
12346 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
12347 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
12348 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
12349 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
12350 the machine.</p>
12351
12352 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
12353 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
12354 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
12355 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
12356
12357 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
12358 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
12359 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
12360 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
12361 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
12362 everything is taken care of.</p>
12363
12364       </div>
12365       <div class="tags">
12366
12367
12368         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
12369
12370
12371       </div>
12372     </div>
12373     <div class="padding"></div>
12374
12375     <div class="entry">
12376       <div class="title">
12377         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
12378       </div>
12379       <div class="date">
12380         17th December 2009
12381       </div>
12382       <div class="body">
12383         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
12384 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
12385 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
12386 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
12387 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
12388 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
12389 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
12390 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
12391 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
12392 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
12393 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
12394 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
12395 til å arrangere
12396 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
12397 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
12398 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
12399 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
12400 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
12401 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
12402 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
12403 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
12404 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
12405 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
12406 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
12407 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
12408 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
12409 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
12410 Resten er historie. :)</p>
12411
12412       </div>
12413       <div class="tags">
12414
12415
12416         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12417
12418
12419       </div>
12420     </div>
12421     <div class="padding"></div>
12422
12423     <div class="entry">
12424       <div class="title">
12425         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
12426       </div>
12427       <div class="date">
12428          2nd November 2009
12429       </div>
12430       <div class="body">
12431         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
12432 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
12433 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
12434 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
12435 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
12436 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
12437 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
12438 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
12439 hjertelig velkommen til
12440 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
12441 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
12442
12443 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
12444 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
12445 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
12446 GNU.</blockquote>
12447
12448       </div>
12449       <div class="tags">
12450
12451
12452         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
12453
12454
12455       </div>
12456     </div>
12457     <div class="padding"></div>
12458
12459     <div class="entry">
12460       <div class="title">
12461         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
12462       </div>
12463       <div class="date">
12464         29th March 2009
12465       </div>
12466       <div class="body">
12467         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
12468 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
12469 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
12470 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
12471 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
12472 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
12473 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
12474 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
12475 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
12476 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
12477 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
12478 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
12479 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
12480 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
12481 now. :)</p>
12482
12483       </div>
12484       <div class="tags">
12485
12486
12487         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12488
12489
12490       </div>
12491     </div>
12492     <div class="padding"></div>
12493
12494     <div class="entry">
12495       <div class="title">
12496         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
12497       </div>
12498       <div class="date">
12499         29th March 2009
12500       </div>
12501       <div class="body">
12502         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
12503 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
12504 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
12505 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
12506 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
12507 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
12508
12509 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
12510 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
12511 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
12512 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
12513 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
12514 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
12515 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
12516 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
12517 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
12518 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
12519 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
12520 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
12521 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
12522
12523 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
12524 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
12525 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
12526 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
12527
12528 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
12529 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
12530
12531 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
12532 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
12533 new IETF work group?</p>
12534
12535       </div>
12536       <div class="tags">
12537
12538
12539         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12540
12541
12542       </div>
12543     </div>
12544     <div class="padding"></div>
12545
12546     <div class="entry">
12547       <div class="title">
12548         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
12549       </div>
12550       <div class="date">
12551         15th February 2009
12552       </div>
12553       <div class="body">
12554         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
12555 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
12556 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
12557 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
12558 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
12559 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
12560 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
12561 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
12562 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
12563 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
12564 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
12565 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
12566
12567       </div>
12568       <div class="tags">
12569
12570
12571         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
12572
12573
12574       </div>
12575     </div>
12576     <div class="padding"></div>
12577
12578     <div class="entry">
12579       <div class="title">
12580         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
12581       </div>
12582       <div class="date">
12583         26th December 2008
12584       </div>
12585       <div class="body">
12586         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
12587 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
12588 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
12589 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
12590 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
12591 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
12592 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
12593 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
12594 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
12595 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
12596 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
12597 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
12598 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
12599 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
12600
12601 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
12602 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
12603 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
12604 og
12605 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
12606 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
12607 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
12608 stavekontrollen.</p>
12609
12610       </div>
12611       <div class="tags">
12612
12613
12614         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
12615
12616
12617       </div>
12618     </div>
12619     <div class="padding"></div>
12620
12621     <div class="entry">
12622       <div class="title">
12623         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
12624       </div>
12625       <div class="date">
12626          7th December 2008
12627       </div>
12628       <div class="body">
12629         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
12630 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
12631 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
12632 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
12633 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
12634 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
12635 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
12636 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
12637
12638 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
12639 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
12640 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
12641 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
12642 of these cards.</p>
12643
12644       </div>
12645       <div class="tags">
12646
12647
12648         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
12649
12650
12651       </div>
12652     </div>
12653     <div class="padding"></div>
12654
12655     <div class="entry">
12656       <div class="title">
12657         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
12658       </div>
12659       <div class="date">
12660         25th November 2008
12661       </div>
12662       <div class="body">
12663         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
12664 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
12665 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
12666 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
12667 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
12668 notes are available on
12669 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
12670 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
12671 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
12672 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
12673 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
12674 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
12675 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
12676 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
12677 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
12678
12679 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
12680 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
12681
12682       </div>
12683       <div class="tags">
12684
12685
12686         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
12687
12688
12689       </div>
12690     </div>
12691     <div class="padding"></div>
12692
12693     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
12694     <div id="sidebar">
12695
12696
12697
12698 <h2>Archive</h2>
12699 <ul>
12700
12701 <li>2013
12702 <ul>
12703
12704 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
12705
12706 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
12707
12708 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
12709
12710 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
12711
12712 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
12713
12714 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
12715
12716 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
12717
12718 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
12719
12720 </ul></li>
12721
12722 <li>2012
12723 <ul>
12724
12725 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
12726
12727 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
12728
12729 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
12730
12731 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
12732
12733 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
12734
12735 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
12736
12737 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
12738
12739 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
12740
12741 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
12742
12743 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
12744
12745 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
12746
12747 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
12748
12749 </ul></li>
12750
12751 <li>2011
12752 <ul>
12753
12754 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
12755
12756 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
12757
12758 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
12759
12760 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
12761
12762 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
12763
12764 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
12765
12766 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
12767
12768 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
12769
12770 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
12771
12772 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
12773
12774 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
12775
12776 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
12777
12778 </ul></li>
12779
12780 <li>2010
12781 <ul>
12782
12783 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
12784
12785 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
12786
12787 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
12788
12789 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
12790
12791 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
12792
12793 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
12794
12795 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
12796
12797 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
12798
12799 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
12800
12801 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
12802
12803 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
12804
12805 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
12806
12807 </ul></li>
12808
12809 <li>2009
12810 <ul>
12811
12812 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
12813
12814 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
12815
12816 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
12817
12818 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
12819
12820 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
12821
12822 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
12823
12824 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
12825
12826 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
12827
12828 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
12829
12830 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
12831
12832 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
12833
12834 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
12835
12836 </ul></li>
12837
12838 <li>2008
12839 <ul>
12840
12841 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
12842
12843 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
12844
12845 </ul></li>
12846
12847 </ul>
12848
12849
12850
12851 <h2>Tags</h2>
12852 <ul>
12853
12854  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
12855
12856  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
12857
12858  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
12859
12860  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
12861
12862  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (7)</a></li>
12863
12864  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (12)</a></li>
12865
12866  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
12867
12868  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (84)</a></li>
12869
12870  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (139)</a></li>
12871
12872  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
12873
12874  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (10)</a></li>
12875
12876  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
12877
12878  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (213)</a></li>
12879
12880  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
12881
12882  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
12883
12884  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (12)</a></li>
12885
12886  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
12887
12888  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (37)</a></li>
12889
12890  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (7)</a></li>
12891
12892  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (18)</a></li>
12893
12894  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (8)</a></li>
12895
12896  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (6)</a></li>
12897
12898  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
12899
12900  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (25)</a></li>
12901
12902  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (234)</a></li>
12903
12904  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (153)</a></li>
12905
12906  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (8)</a></li>
12907
12908  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
12909
12910  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (44)</a></li>
12911
12912  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (65)</a></li>
12913
12914  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
12915
12916  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
12917
12918  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (2)</a></li>
12919
12920  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (7)</a></li>
12921
12922  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
12923
12924  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
12925
12926  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
12927
12928  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (29)</a></li>
12929
12930  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
12931
12932  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
12933
12934  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (43)</a></li>
12935
12936  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
12937
12938  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (7)</a></li>
12939
12940  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (15)</a></li>
12941
12942  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (1)</a></li>
12943
12944  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (7)</a></li>
12945
12946  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (38)</a></li>
12947
12948  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
12949
12950  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (26)</a></li>
12951
12952 </ul>
12953
12954
12955     </div>
12956     <p style="text-align: right">
12957  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
12958 </p>
12959
12960   </body>
12961 </html>