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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "debian edu".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Jessie_based_Debian_Edu_released__alpha0_.html">First Jessie based Debian Edu released (alpha0)</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28         27th October 2014
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>I am happy to report that I on behalf of the Debian Edu team just
  32 sent out
  33 <a href="https://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2014/10/msg00000.html">this
  34 announcement</a>:</p>
  35
  36 <pre>
  37 The Debian Edu Team is pleased to announce the release of Debian Edu
  38 Jessie 8.0+edu0~alpha0
  39
  40 Debian Edu is a complete operating system for schools. Through its
  41 various installation profiles you can install servers, workstations
  42 and laptops which will work together on the school network. With
  43 Debian Edu, the teachers themselves or their technical support can
  44 roll out a complete multi-user multi-machine study environment within
  45 hours or a few days. Debian Edu comes with hundreds of applications
  46 pre-installed, but you can always add more packages from Debian.
  47
  48 For those who want to give Debian Edu Jessie a try, download and
  49 installation instructions are available, including detailed
  50 instructions in the manual[1] explaining the first steps, such as
  51 setting up a network or adding users. Please note that the password
  52 for the user your prompted for during installation must have a length
  53 of at least 5 characters!
  54
  55  [1] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie</a> &gt;
  56
  57 Would you like to give your school's computer a longer life? Are you
  58 tired of sneaker administration, running from computer to computer
  59 reinstalling the operating system? Would you like to administrate all
  60 the computers in your school using only a couple of hours every week?
  61 Check out Debian Edu Jessie!
  62
  63 Skolelinux is used by at least two hundred schools all over the world,
  64 mostly in Germany and Norway.
  65
  66 About Debian Edu and Skolelinux
  67 ===============================
  68
  69 Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux[2], is a Linux distribution based
  70 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
  71 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
  72 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
  73 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
  74 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
  75 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
  76 machines can be installed via the network.  The provided school server
  77 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
  78 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
  79 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
  80 packages[3] and more are available from the Debian archive, and
  81 schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE, Xfce and MATE desktop
  82 environment.
  83
  84  [2] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a> &gt;
  85  [3] &lt;URL: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html</a> &gt;
  86
  87 Full release notes and manual
  88 =============================
  89
  90 Below the download URLs there is a list of some of the new features
  91 and bugfixes of Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie. The full
  92 list is part of the manual. (See the feature list in the manual[4] for
  93 the English version.) For some languages manual translations are
  94 available, see the manual translation overview[5].
  95
  96  [4] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Jessie/Features</a> &gt;
  97  [5] &lt;URL: <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/</a> &gt;
  98
  99 Where to get it
 100 ---------------
 101
 102 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release (624 MiB) you can use
 103
 104  * <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 105  * <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso</a>
 106  * rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/debian-edu-8.0+edu0~alpha0-CD.iso .
 107
 108 The SHA1SUM of this image is: 361188818e036ce67280a572f757de82ebfeb095
 109
 110 New features for Debian Edu 8.0+edu0~alpha0 Codename Jessie released 2014-10-27
 111 ===============================================================================
 112
 113
 114 Installation changes
 115 --------------------
 116
 117  * PXE installation now installs firmware automatically for the hardware present.
 118
 119 Software updates
 120 ----------------
 121
 122 Everything which is new in Debian Jessie 8.0, eg:
 123
 124  * Linux kernel 3.16.x
 125  * Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.11.12, GNOME 3.14, Xfce 4.10,
 126    LXDE 0.5.6 and MATE 1.8 (KDE "Plasma" is installed by default; to
 127    choose one of the others see manual.)
 128  * the browsers Iceweasel 31 ESR and Chromium 38
 129  * !LibreOffice 4.3.3
 130  * GOsa 2.7.4
 131  * LTSP 5.5.4
 132  * CUPS print system 1.7.5
 133  * new boot framework: systemd
 134  * Educational toolbox GCompris 14.07
 135  * Music creator Rosegarden 14.02
 136  * Image editor Gimp 2.8.14
 137  * Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.13.0
 138  * golearn 0.9
 139  * tuxpaint 0.9.22
 140  * New version of debian-installer from Debian Jessie.
 141  * Debian Jessie includes about 42000 packages available for
 142    installation.
 143  * More information about Debian Jessie 8.0 is provided in the release
 144    notes[6] and the installation manual[7].
 145
 146  [6] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/releasenotes</a> &gt;
 147  [7] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual">http://www.debian.org/releases/jessie/installmanual</a> &gt;
 148
 149 Fixed bugs
 150 ----------
 151
 152  * Inserting incorrect DNS information in Gosa will no longer break
 153    DNS completely, but instead stop DNS updates until the incorrect
 154    information is corrected (Debian bug #710362)
 155  * and many others.
 156
 157 Documentation and translation updates
 158 -------------------------------------
 159
 160  * The Debian Edu Jessie Manual is fully translated to German, French,
 161    Italian, Danish and Dutch. Partly translated versions exist for
 162    Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.
 163
 164 Other changes
 165 -------------
 166
 167  * Due to new Squid settings, powering off or rebooting the main
 168    server takes more time.
 169  * To manage printers localhost:631 has to be used, currently www:631
 170    doesn't work.
 171
 172 Regressions / known problems
 173 ----------------------------
 174
 175  * Installing LTSP chroot fails with a bug related to eatmydata about
 176    exim4-config failing to run its postinst (see Debian bug #765694
 177    and Debian bug #762103).
 178  * Munin collection is not properly configured on clients (Debian bug
 179    #764594).  The fix is available in a newer version of munin-node.
 180  * PXE setup for Main Server and Thin Client Server setup does not
 181    work when installing on a machine without direct Internet access.
 182    Will be fixed when Debian bug #766960 is fixed in Jessie.
 183
 184 See the status page[8] for the complete list.
 185
 186  [8] &lt;URL: <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie</a> &gt;
 187
 188 How to report bugs
 189 ------------------
 190
 191 &lt;URL: <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a> &gt;
 192
 193 About Debian
 194 ============
 195
 196 The Debian Project was founded in 1993 by Ian Murdock to be a truly
 197 free community project. Since then the project has grown to be one of
 198 the largest and most influential open source projects. Thousands of
 199 volunteers from all over the world work together to create and
 200 maintain Debian software. Available in 70 languages, and supporting a
 201 huge range of computer types, Debian calls itself the universal
 202 operating system.
 203
 204 Contact Information
 205 For further information, please visit the Debian web pages[9] or send
 206 mail to press@debian.org.
 207
 208  [9] &lt;URL: <a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a> &gt;
 209 </pre>
 210
 211       </div>
 212       <div class="tags">
 213
 214
 215         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 216
 217
 218       </div>
 219     </div>
 220     <div class="padding"></div>
 221
 222     <div class="entry">
 223       <div class="title">
 224         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_Debian_Edu_Jessie_despite_some_fatal_problems_with_the_installer.html">How to test Debian Edu Jessie despite some fatal problems with the installer</a>
 225       </div>
 226       <div class="date">
 227         26th September 2014
 228       </div>
 229       <div class="body">
 230         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 231 project</a> provide a Linux solution for schools, including a
 232 powerful desktop with education software, a central server providing
 233 web pages, user database, user home directories, central login and PXE
 234 boot of both  clients without disk and the installation to install Debian
 235 Edu on machines with disk (and a few other services perhaps to small
 236 to mention here).  We in the Debian Edu team are currently working on
 237 the Jessie based version, trying to get everything in shape before the
 238 freeze, to avoid having to maintain our own package repository in the
 239 future.  The
 240 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Jessie">current
 241 status</a> can be seen on the Debian wiki, and there is still heaps of
 242 work left.  Some fatal problems block testing, breaking the installer,
 243 but it is possible to work around these to get anyway.  Here is a
 244 recipe on how to get the installation limping along.</p>
 245
 246 <p>First, download the test ISO via
 247 <a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">ftp</a>,
 248 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.no/cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso">http</a>
 249 or rsync (use
 250 ftp.skolelinux.org::cd-edu-testing-nolocal-netinst/debian-edu-amd64-i386-NETINST-1.iso).
 251 The ISO build was broken on Tuesday, so we do not get a new ISO every
 252 12 hours or so, but thankfully the ISO we already got we are able to
 253 install with some tweaking.</p>
 254
 255 <p>When you get to the Debian Edu profile question, go to tty2
 256 (use Alt-Ctrl-F2), run</p>
 257
 258 <p><blockquote><pre>
 259 nano /usr/bin/edu-eatmydata-install
 260 </pre></blockquote></p>
 261
 262 <p>and add 'exit 0' as the second line, disabling the eatmydata
 263 optimization.  Return to the installation, select the profile you want
 264 and continue.  Without this change, exim4-config will fail to install
 265 due to a known bug in eatmydata.</p>
 266
 267 <p>When you get the grub question at the end, answer /dev/sda (or if
 268 this do not work, figure out what your correct value would be.  All my
 269 test machines need /dev/sda, so I have no advice if it do not fit
 270 your need.</p>
 271
 272 <p>If you installed a profile including a graphical desktop, log in as
 273 root after the initial boot from hard drive, and install the
 274 education-desktop-XXX metapackage.  XXX can be kde, gnome, lxde, xfce
 275 or mate.  If you want several desktop options, install more than one
 276 metapackage.  Once this is done, reboot and you should have a working
 277 graphical login screen.  This workaround should no longer be needed
 278 once the education-tasks package version 1.801 enter testing in two
 279 days.</p>
 280
 281 <p>I believe the ISO build will start working on two days when the new
 282 tasksel package enter testing and Steve McIntyre get a chance to
 283 update the debian-cd git repository.  The eatmydata, grub and desktop
 284 issues are already fixed in unstable and testing, and should show up
 285 on the ISO as soon as the ISO build start working again.  Well the
 286 eatmydata optimization is really just disabled.  The proper fix
 287 require an upload by the eatmydata maintainer applying the patch
 288 provided in bug <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">#702711</a>.
 289 The rest have proper fixes in unstable.</p>
 290
 291 <p>I hope this get you going with the installation testing, as we are
 292 quickly running out of time trying to get our Jessie based
 293 installation ready before the distribution freeze in a month.</p>
 294
 295       </div>
 296       <div class="tags">
 297
 298
 299         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 300
 301
 302       </div>
 303     </div>
 304     <div class="padding"></div>
 305
 306     <div class="entry">
 307       <div class="title">
 308         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Speeding_up_the_Debian_installer_using_eatmydata_and_dpkg_divert.html">Speeding up the Debian installer using eatmydata and dpkg-divert</a>
 309       </div>
 310       <div class="date">
 311         16th September 2014
 312       </div>
 313       <div class="body">
 314         <p>The <a href="https://www.debian.org/">Debian</a> installer could be
 315 a lot quicker.  When we install more than 2000 packages in
 316 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> using
 317 tasksel in the installer, unpacking the binary packages take forever.
 318 A part of the slow I/O issue was discussed in
 319 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/613428">bug #613428</a> about too
 320 much file system sync-ing done by dpkg, which is the package
 321 responsible for unpacking the binary packages.  Other parts (like code
 322 executed by postinst scripts) might also sync to disk during
 323 installation.  All this sync-ing to disk do not really make sense to
 324 me.  If the machine crash half-way through, I start over, I do not try
 325 to salvage the half installed system.  So the failure sync-ing is
 326 supposed to protect against, hardware or system crash, is not really
 327 relevant while the installer is running.</p>
 328
 329 <p>A few days ago, I thought of a way to get rid of all the file
 330 system sync()-ing in a fairly non-intrusive way, without the need to
 331 change the code in several packages.  The idea is not new, but I have
 332 not heard anyone propose the approach using dpkg-divert before.  It
 333 depend on the small and clever package
 334 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/eatmydata">eatmydata</a>, which
 335 uses LD_PRELOAD to replace the system functions for syncing data to
 336 disk with functions doing nothing, thus allowing programs to live
 337 dangerous while speeding up disk I/O significantly.  Instead of
 338 modifying the implementation of dpkg, apt and tasksel (which are the
 339 packages responsible for selecting, fetching and installing packages),
 340 it occurred to me that we could just divert the programs away, replace
 341 them with a simple shell wrapper calling
 342 "eatmydata&nbsp;$program&nbsp;$@", to get the same effect.
 343 Two days ago I decided to test the idea, and wrapped up a simple
 344 implementation for the Debian Edu udeb.</p>
 345
 346 <p>The effect was stunning.  In my first test it reduced the running
 347 time of the pkgsel step (installing tasks) from 64 to less than 44
 348 minutes (20 minutes shaved off the installation) on an old Dell
 349 Latitude D505 machine.  I am not quite sure what the optimised time
 350 would have been, as I messed up the testing a bit, causing the debconf
 351 priority to get low enough for two questions to pop up during
 352 installation.  As soon as I saw the questions I moved the installation
 353 along, but do not know how long the question were holding up the
 354 installation.  I did some more measurements using Debian Edu Jessie,
 355 and got these results.  The time measured is the time stamp in
 356 /var/log/syslog between the "pkgsel: starting tasksel" and the
 357 "pkgsel: finishing up" lines, if you want to do the same measurement
 358 yourself.  In Debian Edu, the tasksel dialog do not show up, and the
 359 timing thus do not depend on how quickly the user handle the tasksel
 360 dialog.</p>
 361
 362 <p><table>
 363
 364 <tr>
 365 <th>Machine/setup</th>
 366 <th>Original tasksel</th>
 367 <th>Optimised tasksel</th>
 368 <th>Reduction</th>
 369 </tr>
 370
 371 <tr>
 372 <td>Latitude D505 Main+LTSP LXDE</td>
 373 <td>64 min (07:46-08:50)</td>
 374 <td><44 min (11:27-12:11)</td>
 375 <td>>20 min 18%</td>
 376 </tr>
 377
 378 <tr>
 379 <td>Latitude D505 Roaming LXDE</td>
 380 <td>57 min (08:48-09:45)</td>
 381 <td>34 min (07:43-08:17)</td>
 382 <td>23 min 40%</td>
 383 </tr>
 384
 385 <tr>
 386 <td>Latitude D505 Minimal</td>
 387 <td>22 min (10:37-10:59)</td>
 388 <td>11 min (11:16-11:27)</td>
 389 <td>11 min 50%</td>
 390 </tr>
 391
 392 <tr>
 393 <td>Thinkpad X200 Minimal</td>
 394 <td>6 min (08:19-08:25)</td>
 395 <td>4 min (08:04-08:08)</td>
 396 <td>2 min 33%</td>
 397 </tr>
 398
 399 <tr>
 400 <td>Thinkpad X200 Roaming KDE</td>
 401 <td>19 min (09:21-09:40)</td>
 402 <td>15 min (10:25-10:40)</td>
 403 <td>4 min 21%</td>
 404 </tr>
 405
 406 </table></p>
 407
 408 <p>The test is done using a netinst ISO on a USB stick, so some of the
 409 time is spent downloading packages.  The connection to the Internet
 410 was 100Mbit/s during testing, so downloading should not be a
 411 significant factor in the measurement.  Download typically took a few
 412 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the amount of packages being
 413 installed.</p>
 414
 415 <p>The speedup is implemented by using two hooks in
 416 <a href="https://www.debian.org/devel/debian-installer/">Debian
 417 Installer</a>, the pre-pkgsel.d hook to set up the diverts, and the
 418 finish-install.d hook to remove the divert at the end of the
 419 installation.  I picked the pre-pkgsel.d hook instead of the
 420 post-base-installer.d hook because I test using an ISO without the
 421 eatmydata package included, and the post-base-installer.d hook in
 422 Debian Edu can only operate on packages included in the ISO.  The
 423 negative effect of this is that I am unable to activate this
 424 optimization for the kernel installation step in d-i.  If the code is
 425 moved to the post-base-installer.d hook, the speedup would be larger
 426 for the entire installation.</p>
 427
 428 <p>I've implemented this in the
 429 <a href="https://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-install">debian-edu-install</a>
 430 git repository, and plan to provide the optimization as part of the
 431 Debian Edu installation.  If you want to test this yourself, you can
 432 create two files in the installer (or in an udeb).  One shell script
 433 need do go into /usr/lib/pre-pkgsel.d/, with content like this:</p>
 434
 435 <p><blockquote><pre>
 436 #!/bin/sh
 437 set -e
 438 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 439 info() {
 440     logger -t my-pkgsel "info: $*"
 441 }
 442 error() {
 443     logger -t my-pkgsel "error: $*"
 444 }
 445 override_install() {
 446     apt-install eatmydata || true
 447     if [ -x /target/usr/bin/eatmydata ] ; then
 448         for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 449             file=/usr/bin/$bin
 450             # Test that the file exist and have not been diverted already.
 451             if [ -f /target$file ] ; then
 452                 info "diverting $file using eatmydata"
 453                 printf "#!/bin/sh\neatmydata $bin.distrib \"\$@\"\n" \
 454                     > /target$file.edu
 455                 chmod 755 /target$file.edu
 456                 in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 457                     --rename --quiet --add $file
 458                 ln -sf ./$bin.edu /target$file
 459             else
 460                 error "unable to divert $file, as it is missing."
 461             fi
 462         done
 463     else
 464         error "unable to find /usr/bin/eatmydata after installing the eatmydata pacage"
 465     fi
 466 }
 467
 468 override_install
 469 </pre></blockquote></p>
 470
 471 <p>To clean up, another shell script should go into
 472 /usr/lib/finish-install.d/ with code like this:
 473
 474 <p><blockquote><pre>
 475 #! /bin/sh -e
 476 . /usr/share/debconf/confmodule
 477 error() {
 478     logger -t my-finish-install "error: $@"
 479 }
 480 remove_install_override() {
 481     for bin in dpkg apt-get aptitude tasksel ; do
 482         file=/usr/bin/$bin
 483         if [ -x /target$file.edu ] ; then
 484             rm /target$file
 485             in-target dpkg-divert --package debian-edu-config \
 486                 --rename --quiet --remove $file
 487             rm /target$file.edu
 488         else
 489             error "Missing divert for $file."
 490         fi
 491     done
 492     sync # Flush file buffers before continuing
 493 }
 494
 495 remove_install_override
 496 </pre></blockquote></p>
 497
 498 <p>In Debian Edu, I placed both code fragments in a separate script
 499 edu-eatmydata-install and call it from the pre-pkgsel.d and
 500 finish-install.d scripts.</p>
 501
 502 <p>By now you might ask if this change should get into the normal
 503 Debian installer too?  I suspect it should, but am not sure the
 504 current debian-installer coordinators find it useful enough.  It also
 505 depend on the side effects of the change.  I'm not aware of any, but I
 506 guess we will see if the change is safe after some more testing.
 507 Perhaps there is some package in Debian depending on sync() and
 508 fsync() having effect?  Perhaps it should go into its own udeb, to
 509 allow those of us wanting to enable it to do so without affecting
 510 everyone.</p>
 511
 512 <p>Update 2014-09-24: Since a few days ago, enabling this optimization
 513 will break installation of all programs using gnutls because of
 514 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/702711">bug #702711</a>.  An updated
 515 eatmydata package in Debian will solve it.</p>
 516
 517 <p>Update 2014-10-17: The bug mentioned above is fixed in testing and
 518 the optimization work again.  And I have discovered that the
 519 dpkg-divert trick is not really needed and implemented a slightly
 520 simpler approach as part of the debian-edu-install package.  See
 521 tools/edu-eatmydata-install in the source package.</p>
 522
 523       </div>
 524       <div class="tags">
 525
 526
 527         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 528
 529
 530       </div>
 531     </div>
 532     <div class="padding"></div>
 533
 534     <div class="entry">
 535       <div class="title">
 536         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Bernd_Zeitzen.html">Debian Edu interview: Bernd Zeitzen</a>
 537       </div>
 538       <div class="date">
 539         31st July 2014
 540       </div>
 541       <div class="body">
 542         <p>The complete and free “out of the box” software solution for
 543 schools, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
 544 Skolelinux</a>, is used quite a lot in Germany, and one of the people
 545 involved is Bernd Zeitzen, who show up on the project mailing lists
 546 from time to time with interesting questions and tips on how to adjust
 547 the setup.  I managed to interview him this summer.</p>
 548
 549 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 550
 551 <p>My name is Bernd Zeitzen and I'm married with Hedda, a self
 552 employed physiotherapist.  My former profession is tool maker, but I
 553 haven't worked for 30 years in this job.  30 years ago I started to
 554 support my wife and become her officeworker and a few years later the
 555 administrator for a small computer network, today based on Ubuntu
 556 Server (Samba, OpenVPN). For her daily work she has to use Windows
 557 Desktops because the software she needs to organize her business only
 558 works with Windows . :-(</p>
 559
 560 <p>In 1988 we started with one PC and DOS, then I learned to use
 561 Windows 98, 2000, XP, …, 8, Ubuntu, MacOSX.  Today we are running a
 562 Linux server with 6 Windows clients and 10 persons (teacher of
 563 children with special needs, speech therapist, occupational therapist,
 564 psychologist and officeworkers) using our Samba shares via OpenVPN to
 565 work with the documentations of our patients.</p>
 566
 567 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 568 project?</strong></p>
 569
 570 <p>Two years ago a friend of mine asked me, if I want to get a job in
 571 his school (<a href="http://www.gymnasium-harsewinkel.de/">Gymnasium
 572 Harsewinkel</a>).  They started with Skolelinux / Debian Edu and they
 573 were looking for people to give support to the teachers using the
 574 software and the network and teaching the pupils increasing their
 575 computer skills in optional lessons.  I'm spending 4-6 hours a week
 576 with this job.</p>
 577
 578 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 579 Edu?</strong></p>
 580
 581 <p>The independence.</p>
 582
 583 <p>First: Every person is allowed to use, share and develop the
 584 software. Even if you are poor, you are allowed to use the software
 585 included in Skolelinux/Debian Edu and all the other Free Software.</p>
 586
 587 <p>Second: The software runs on old machines and this gives us the
 588 possibility to recycle computers, weeded out from offices.  The
 589 servers and desktops are running for more than two years and they are
 590 working reliable. </p>
 591
 592 <p>We have two servers (one tjener and one terminal server), 45
 593 workstations in three classrooms and seven laptops as a mobile
 594 solution for all classrooms.  These machines are all booting from the
 595 terminal server.  In the moment we are installing 30 laptops as mobile
 596 workstations.  Then the pupils have the possibility to work with these
 597 machines in their classrooms.  Internet access is realized by a WLAN
 598 router, connected to the schools network. This is all done without a
 599 dedicated system administrator or a computer science teacher.</p>
 600
 601 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 602 Edu?</strong></p>
 603
 604 <p>Teachers and pupils are Windows users.  &lt;Irony on&gt; And Linux
 605 isn't cool. It's software for freaks using the command line. &lt;Irony
 606 off&gt; They don't realize the stability of the system. </p>
 607
 608 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 609
 610 <p>Firefox, Thunderbird, LibreOffice, Ubuntu Server 12.04 (Samba,
 611 Apache, MySQL, Joomla!, … and Skolelinux / Debian Edu)</p>
 612
 613 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 614 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 615
 616 <p>In Germany we have the situation: every school is free to decide
 617 which software they want to use. This decision is influenced by
 618 teachers who learned to use Windows and MS Office. They buy a PC with
 619 Windows preinstalled and an additional testing version of MS
 620 Office. They don't know about the possibility to use Free Software
 621 instead.  Another problem are the publisher of school books.  They
 622 develop their software, added to the school books, for Windows.</p>
 623
 624       </div>
 625       <div class="tags">
 626
 627
 628         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 629
 630
 631       </div>
 632     </div>
 633     <div class="padding"></div>
 634
 635     <div class="entry">
 636       <div class="title">
 637         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/From_English_wiki_to_translated_PDF_and_epub_via_Docbook.html">From English wiki to translated PDF and epub via Docbook</a>
 638       </div>
 639       <div class="date">
 640         17th June 2014
 641       </div>
 642       <div class="body">
 643         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 644 project</a> provide an instruction manual for teachers, system
 645 administrators and other users that contain useful tips for setting up
 646 and maintaining a Debian Edu installation.  This text is about how the
 647 text processing of this manual is handled in the project.</p>
 648
 649 <p>One goal of the project is to provide information in the native
 650 language of its users, and for this we need to handle translations.
 651 But we also want to make sure each language contain the same
 652 information, so for this we need a good way to keep the translations
 653 in sync.  And we want it to be easy for our users to improve the
 654 documentation, avoiding the need to learn special formats or tools to
 655 contribute, and the obvious way to do this is to make it possible to
 656 edit the documentation using a web browser.  We also want it to be
 657 easy for translators to keep the translation up to date, and give them
 658 help in figuring out what need to be translated. Here is the list of
 659 tools and the process we have found trying to reach all these
 660 goals.</p>
 661
 662 <p>We maintain the authoritative source of our manual in the
 663 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">Debian
 664 wiki</a>, as several wiki pages written in English.  It consist of one
 665 front page with references to the different chapters, several pages
 666 for each chapter, and finally one "collection page" gluing all the
 667 chapters together into one large web page (aka
 668 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/AllInOne">the
 669 AllInOne page</a>).  The AllInOne page is the one used for further
 670 processing and translations.  Thanks to the fact that the
 671 <a href="http://moinmo.in/">MoinMoin</a> installation on
 672 wiki.debian.org support exporting pages in
 673 <a href="http://www.docbook.org/">the Docbook format</a>, we can fetch
 674 the list of pages to export using the raw version of the AllInOne
 675 page, loop over each of them to generate a Docbook XML version of the
 676 manual.  This process also download images and transform image
 677 references to use the locally downloaded images.  The generated
 678 Docbook XML files are slightly broken, so some post-processing is done
 679 using the <tt>documentation/scripts/get_manual</tt> program, and the
 680 result is a nice Docbook XML file (debian-edu-wheezy-manual.xml) and
 681 a handfull of images.  The XML file can now be used to generate PDF, HTML
 682 and epub versions of the English manual.  This is the basic step of
 683 our process, making PDF (using dblatex), HTML (using xsltproc) and
 684 epub (using dbtoepub) version from Docbook XML, and the resulting files
 685 are placed in the debian-edu-doc-en binary package.</p>
 686
 687 <p>But English documentation is not enough for us.  We want translated
 688 documentation too, and we want to make it easy for translators to
 689 track the English original.  For this we use the
 690 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/poxml.html">poxml</a> package,
 691 which allow us to transform the English Docbook XML file into a
 692 translation file (a .pot file), usable with the normal gettext based
 693 translation tools used by those translating free software.  The pot
 694 file is used to create and maintain translation files (several .po
 695 files), which the translations update with the native language
 696 translations of all titles, paragraphs and blocks of text in the
 697 original.  The next step is combining the original English Docbook XML
 698 and the translation file (say debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.po), to
 699 create a translated Docbook XML file (in this case
 700 debian-edu-wheezy-manual.nb.xml).  This translated (or partly
 701 translated, if the translation is not complete) Docbook XML file can
 702 then be used like the original to create a PDF, HTML and epub version
 703 of the documentation.</p>
 704
 705 <p>The translators use different tools to edit the .po files.  We
 706 recommend using
 707 <a href="http://www.kde.org/applications/development/lokalize/">lokalize</a>,
 708 while some use emacs and vi, others can use web based editors like
 709 <a href="http://pootle.translatehouse.org/">Poodle</a> or
 710 <a href="https://www.transifex.com/">Transifex</a>.  All we care about
 711 is where the .po file end up, in our git repository.  Updated
 712 translations can either be committed directly to git, or submitted as
 713 <a href="https://bugs.debian.org/src:debian-edu-doc">bug reports
 714 against the debian-edu-doc package</a>.</p>
 715
 716 <p>One challenge is images, which both might need to be translated (if
 717 they show translated user applications), and are needed in different
 718 formats when creating PDF and HTML versions (epub is a HTML version in
 719 this regard).  For this we transform the original PNG images to the
 720 needed density and format during build, and have a way to provide
 721 translated images by storing translated versions in
 722 images/$LANGUAGECODE/.  I am a bit unsure about the details here.  The
 723 package maintainers know more.</p>
 724
 725 <p>If you wonder what the result look like, we provide
 726 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/">the content
 727 of the documentation packages on the web</a>.  See for example the
 728 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/it/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.pdf">Italian
 729 PDF version</a> or the
 730 <a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/de/debian-edu-wheezy-manual.html">German
 731 HTML version</a>.  We do not yet build the epub version by default,
 732 but perhaps it will be done in the future.</p>
 733
 734 <p>To learn more, check out
 735 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/d/debian-edu-doc.html">the
 736 debian-edu-doc package</a>,
 737 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/">the
 738 manual on the wiki</a> and
 739 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/Translations">the
 740 translation instructions</a> in the manual.</p>
 741
 742       </div>
 743       <div class="tags">
 744
 745
 746         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
 747
 748
 749       </div>
 750     </div>
 751     <div class="padding"></div>
 752
 753     <div class="entry">
 754       <div class="title">
 755         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Roger_Marsal.html">Debian Edu interview: Roger Marsal</a>
 756       </div>
 757       <div class="date">
 758         30th March 2014
 759       </div>
 760       <div class="body">
 761         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
 762 keep gaining new users.  Some weeks ago, a person showed up on IRC,
 763 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>, with a
 764 wish to contribute, and I managed to get a interview with this great
 765 contributor Roger Marsal to learn more about his background.</p>
 766
 767 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 768
 769 <p>My name is Roger Marsal, I'm 27 years old (1986 generation) and I
 770 live in Barcelona, Spain. I've got a strong business background and I
 771 work as a patrimony manager and as a real estate agent.  Additionally,
 772 I've co-founded a British based tech company that is nowadays on the
 773 last development phase of a new social networking concept.</p>
 774
 775 <p>I'm a Linux enthusiast that started its journey with Ubuntu four years
 776 ago and have recently switched to Debian seeking rock solid stability
 777 and as a necessary step to gain expertise.</p>
 778
 779 <p>In a nutshell, I spend my days working and learning as much as I
 780 can to face both my job, entrepreneur project and feed my Linux
 781 hunger.</p>
 782
 783 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 784 project?</strong></p>
 785
 786 <p>I discovered the <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP</a> advantages
 787 with "Ubuntu 12.04 alternate install" and after a year of use I
 788 started looking for an alternative.  Even though I highly value and
 789 respect the Ubuntu project, I thought it was necessary for me to
 790 change to a more robust and stable alternative.  As far as I was using
 791 Debian on my personal laptop I thought it would be fine to install
 792 Debian and configure an LTSP server myself.  Surprised, I discovered
 793 that the Debian project also supported a kind of Edubuntu equivalent,
 794 and after having some pain I obtained a Debian Edu network up and
 795 running.  I just loved it.</p>
 796
 797 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 798 Edu?</strong></p>
 799
 800 <p>I found a main advantage in that, once you know "the tips and
 801 tricks", a new installation just works out of the box. It's the most
 802 complete alternative I've found to create an LTSP network. All the
 803 other distributions seems to be made of plastic, Debian Edu seems to
 804 be made of steel.</p>
 805
 806 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
 807 Edu?</strong></p>
 808
 809 <p>I found two main disadvantages.</p>
 810
 811 <p>I'm not an expert but I've got notions and I had to spent a considerable
 812 amount of time trying to bring up a standard network topology. I'm quite
 813 stubborn and I just worked until I did but I'm sure many people with few
 814 resources (not big schools, but academies for example) would have switched
 815 or dropped.</p>
 816
 817 <p>It's amazing how such a complex system like Debian Edu has achieved
 818 this out-of-the-box state. Even though tweaking without breaking gets
 819 more difficult, as more factors have to be considered. This can
 820 discourage many people too.</p>
 821
 822 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
 823
 824 <p>I use Debian, Firefox, Okular, Inkscape, LibreOffice and
 825 Virtualbox.</p>
 826
 827
 828 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
 829 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
 830
 831 <p>I don't think there is a need for a particular strategy. The free
 832 attribute in both "freedom" and "no price" meanings is what will
 833 really bring free software to schools. In my experience I can think of
 834 the <a href="http://www.r-project.org/">"R" statistical language</a>; a
 835 few years a ago was an extremely nerd tool for university people.
 836 Today it's being increasingly used to teach statistics at many
 837 different level of studies.  I believe free and open software will
 838 increasingly gain popularity, but I'm sure schools will be one of the
 839 first scenarios where this will happen.</p>
 840
 841       </div>
 842       <div class="tags">
 843
 844
 845         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
 846
 847
 848       </div>
 849     </div>
 850     <div class="padding"></div>
 851
 852     <div class="entry">
 853       <div class="title">
 854         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_add_extra_storage_servers_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">How to add extra storage servers in Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
 855       </div>
 856       <div class="date">
 857         12th March 2014
 858       </div>
 859       <div class="body">
 860         <p>On larger sites, it is useful to use a dedicated storage server for
 861 storing user home directories and data.  The design for handling this
 862 in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, is
 863 to update the automount rules in LDAP and let the automount daemon on
 864 the clients take care of the rest.  I was reminded about the need to
 865 document this better when one of the customers of
 866 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, where I am
 867 on the board of directors, asked about how to do this.  The steps to
 868 get this working are the following:</p>
 869
 870 <p><ol>
 871
 872 <li>Add new storage server in DNS.  I use nas-server.intern as the
 873 example host here.</li>
 874
 875 <li>Add automoun LDAP information about this server in LDAP, to allow
 876 all clients to automatically mount it on reqeust.</li>
 877
 878 <li>Add the relevant entries in tjener.intern:/etc/fstab, because
 879 tjener.intern do not use automount to avoid mounting loops.</li>
 880
 881 </ol></p>
 882
 883 <p>DNS entries are added in GOsa², and not described here.  Follow the
 884 <a href="https://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy/GettingStarted">instructions
 885 in the manual</a> (Machine Management with GOsa² in section Getting
 886 started).</p>
 887
 888 <p>Ensure that the NFS export points on the server are exported to the
 889 relevant subnets or machines:</p>
 890
 891 <p><blockquote><pre>
 892 root@tjener:~# showmount -e nas-server
 893 Export list for nas-server:
 894 /storage         10.0.0.0/8
 895 root@tjener:~#
 896 </pre></blockquote></p>
 897
 898 <p>Here everything on the backbone network is granted access to the
 899 /storage export.  With NFSv3 it is slightly better to limit it to
 900 netgroup membership or single IP addresses to have some limits on the
 901 NFS access.</p>
 902
 903 <p>The next step is to update LDAP.  This can not be done using GOsa²,
 904 because it lack a module for automount.  Instead, use ldapvi and add
 905 the required LDAP objects using an editor.</p>
 906
 907 <p><blockquote><pre>
 908 ldapvi --ldap-conf -ZD '(cn=admin)' -b ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 909 </pre></blockquote></p>
 910
 911 <p>When the editor show up, add the following LDAP objects at the
 912 bottom of the document.  The "/&" part in the last LDAP object is a
 913 wild card matching everything the nas-server exports, removing the
 914 need to list individual mount points in LDAP.</p>
 915
 916 <p><blockquote><pre>
 917 add cn=nas-server,ou=auto.skole,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 918 objectClass: automount
 919 cn: nas-server
 920 automountInformation: -fstype=autofs --timeout=60 ldap:ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 921
 922 add ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 923 objectClass: top
 924 objectClass: automountMap
 925 ou: auto.nas-server
 926
 927 add cn=/,ou=auto.nas-server,ou=automount,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
 928 objectClass: automount
 929 cn: /
 930 automountInformation: -fstype=nfs,tcp,rsize=32768,wsize=32768,rw,intr,hard,nodev,nosuid,noatime nas-server.intern:/&
 931 </pre></blockquote></p>
 932
 933 <p>The last step to remember is to mount the relevant mount points in
 934 tjener.intern by adding them to /etc/fstab, creating the mount
 935 directories using mkdir and running "mount -a" to mount them.</p>
 936
 937 <p>When this is done, your users should be able to access the files on
 938 the storage server directly by just visiting the
 939 /tjener/nas-server/storage/ directory using any application on any
 940 workstation, LTSP client or LTSP server.</p>
 941
 942       </div>
 943       <div class="tags">
 944
 945
 946         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>.
 947
 948
 949       </div>
 950     </div>
 951     <div class="padding"></div>
 952
 953     <div class="entry">
 954       <div class="title">
 955         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Dominik_George.html">Debian Edu interview: Dominik George</a>
 956       </div>
 957       <div class="date">
 958         25th December 2013
 959       </div>
 960       <div class="body">
 961         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
 962 project</a> consist of both newcomers and old timers, and this time I
 963 was able to get an interview with a newcomer in the project who showed
 964 up on the IRC channel a few weeks ago to let us know about his
 965 successful installation of Debian Edu Wheezy in his School.  Say hello
 966 to <a href="https://www.ohloh.net/accounts/Natureshadow">Dominik
 967 George</a>.</p>
 968
 969 <!-- http://www.dominik-george.de/images/foto.jpg -->
 970
 971 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
 972
 973 <p>I am a 23 year-old student from Germany who has spent half of his
 974 life with open source. In "real life", I am, as already mentioned, a
 975 student in the fields of Computer Science, Electrical Engineering,
 976 Information Technologies and Anglistics. Due to my (only partially
 977 voluntary) huge engagement in the open source world, these things are
 978 a bit vacant right now however.</p>
 979
 980 <p>I also have been working as a project teacher at a Gymasnium
 981 (public school) for various years now. I took up that work some time
 982 around 2005 when still attending that school myself and have continued
 983 it until today. I also had been running the (kind of very advanced)
 984 network of that school together with a team of very interested and
 985 talented students in the age of 11 to 15 years, who took the chance to
 986 learn a lot about open source and networking before I left the school
 987 to help building another school's informational education concept from
 988 scratch.</p>
 989
 990 <p>That said, one might see me as a kind of "glue" between school kids
 991 and the elderly of teachers as well as between the open source
 992 ecosystem and the (even more complex) educational ecosystem.</p>
 993
 994 <p>When I am not busy with open source or education, I like Geocaching
 995 and cycling.</p>
 996
 997 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
 998 project?</strong></p>
 999
1000 <p>I think that happened some time around 2009 when I first attended
1001 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">FrOSCon</a> and visited the project
1002 booth. I think I wasn't too interested back then because I used to
1003 have an attitude of disliking software that does too much stuff on its
1004 own. Maybe I was too inexperienced to realise the upsides of an
1005 "out-of-the-box" solution ;).</p>
1006
1007 <p>The first time I actively talked to Skolelinux people was at
1008 <a href="http://www.openrheinruhr.de">OpenRheinRuhr</a> 2011 when the
1009 BiscuIT project, a home-grewn software used by my school for various
1010 really cool things from timetables and class contact lists to lunch
1011 ordering, student ID card printing and project elections first got to
1012 a stage where it could have been published. I asked the Skolelinux
1013 guys running the booth if the project were interested in it and gave a
1014 small demonstration, but there wasn't any real feedback and the guys
1015 seemed rather uninterested.</p>
1016
1017 <p>After I left the school where I developed the software, it got
1018 mostly lost, but I am now reimplementing it for my new school. I have
1019 reusability and compatibility in mind, and I hop there will be a new
1020 basis for contributing it to the Skolelinux project ;)!</p>
1021
1022 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1023 Edu?</strong></p>
1024
1025 <p>The most important advantage seems to be that it "just
1026 works". After overcoming some minor (but still very annoying) glitches
1027 in the installer, I got a fully functional, working school network,
1028 without the month-long hassle I experienced when setting all that up
1029 from scratch in earlier years. And above that, it rocked - I didn't
1030 have any real hardware at hand, because the school was just founded
1031 and has no money whatsoever, so I installed a combined server (main
1032 server, terminal services and workstation) in a VM on my personal
1033 notebook, bridging the LTSP network interface to the ethernet port,
1034 and then PXE-booted the Windows notebooks that were lying around from
1035 it. I could use 8 clients without any performance issues, by using a
1036 tiny little VM on a tiny little notebook. I think that's enough to say
1037 that it rocks!</p>
1038
1039 <p>Secondly, there are marketing reasons. Life's bad, and so no
1040 politician will ever permit a setup described as "Debian, an universal
1041 operating system, with some really cool educational tools" while they
1042 will be jsut fine with "Skolelinux, a single-purpose solution for your
1043 school network", even if both turn out to be the very same thing (yes,
1044 this is unfair towards the Skolelinux project, and must not be taken
1045 too seriously - you get the idea, anyway).</p>
1046
1047 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1048 Edu?</strong></p>
1049
1050 <p>I have not been involved with Skolelinux long enough to really
1051 answer this question in a fair way. Thus, please allow me to put it in
1052 other words: "What do you expect from Skolelinux to keep liking it?" I
1053 can list a few points about that:</p>
1054
1055 <ul>
1056
1057  <li>always strive to get all things integrated into Debian upstream
1058  <li>be open to discussion about changes and the like, even with newcomers
1059  <li>be helpful at being helpful ;)
1060
1061 </ul>
1062
1063 <p>I'm really sorry I cannot say much more about that :(!</p>
1064
1065 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1066
1067 <p>First of all, all software I use is free and open. I have abandoned
1068 all non-free software (except for firmware on my darned phone) this
1069 year.</p>
1070
1071 <p>I run Debian GNU/Linux on all PC systems I use. On that, I mostly
1072 run text tools. I use
1073 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/mksh.htm">mksh</a> as shell,
1074 <a href="https://www.mirbsd.org/jupp.htm">jupp</a> as very advanced
1075 text editor (I even got the developer to help me write a script/macro
1076 based full-featured student management software with the two),
1077 <a href="http://mcabber.com/">mcabber</a> for XMPP and
1078 <a href="http://www.irssi.org/">irssi</a> for IRC. For that overly
1079 coloured world called the WWW, I use
1080 <a href="https://www.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/new/">Iceweasel
1081 (Firefox)</a>. Oh, and <a href="http://www.mutt.org/">mutt</a> for
1082 e-mail.</p>
1083
1084 <p>However, while I am personally aware of the fact that text tools
1085 are more efficient and powerful than anything else, I also use (or at
1086 least operate) some tools that are suitable to bring open source to
1087 kids. One of these things is <a href="http://jappix.org/">Jappix</a>,
1088 which I already introduced to some kids even before they got aware of
1089 Facebook, making them see for themselves that they do not need
1090 Facebook now ;).</p>
1091
1092 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1093 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1094
1095 <p>Well, that's a two-sided thing. One side is what I believe, and one
1096 side is what I have experienced.</p>
1097
1098 <p>I believe that the right strategy is showing them the benefits. But
1099 that won't work out as long as the acceptance of free alternatives
1100 grows globally. What I mean is that if all the kids are almost forced
1101 to use Windows, Facebook, Skype, you name it at home, they will not
1102 see why they would want to use alternatives at school. I have seen
1103 students take seat in front of a fully-functional, modern Debian
1104 desktop that could do anything their Windows at home could do, and
1105 they jsut refused to use it because "Linux sucks". It is something
1106 that makes the council of our city spend around 600000 € to buy
1107 software - not including hardware, mind you - for operating school
1108 networks, and for installing a system that, as has been proved, does
1109 not work. For those of you readers who are good at maths, have you
1110 already found out how many lives could have been saved with that money
1111 if we had instead used it to bring education to parts of the world
1112 that need it? I have, and found it to be nothing less dramatic than
1113 plain criminal.</p>
1114
1115 <p>That said, the only feasible way appears to be the bottom up
1116 method. We have to bring free software to kids and parents. I have
1117 founded an association named
1118 <a href="https://www.teckids.org">Teckids</a> here in Germany that does
1119 just that. We organise several events for kids and adolescents in the
1120 area of free and open source software, for example the
1121 <a href="http://kids.froscon.org">FrogLabs</a>, which share staff with
1122 Teckids and are the youth programme of
1123 <a href="http://www.froscon.org">the Free and Open Source Software
1124 Conference (FrOSCon)</a>. We do a lot more than most other conferences
1125 - this year, we first offered the FrogLabs as a holiday camp for kids
1126 aged 10 to 16. It was a huge success, with approx. 30 kids taking part
1127 and learning with and about free software through a whole weekend. All
1128 of us had a lot of fun, and the results were really exciting.</p>
1129
1130 <p>Apart from that, we are preparing a campaign that is supposed to bring
1131 the message of free alternatives to stuff kids use every day to them and
1132 their parents, e.g. the use of Jabber / Jappix instead of Facebook and
1133 Skype. To make that possible, we are planning to get together a team of
1134 clever kids who understand very well what their peers need and can bring
1135 it across to them. So we will have a peer-driven network of adolescents
1136 who teach each other and collect feedback from the community of minors.
1137 We then take that feedback and our own experience to work closely with
1138 open source projects, such as Skolelinux or Jappix, at improving their
1139 software in a way that makes it more and more attractive for the target
1140 group. At least I hope that we will have good cooperation with
1141 Skolelinux in the future ;)!</p>
1142
1143 <p>So in conclusion, what I believe is that, if it weren't for the world
1144 being so bad, it should be very clear to the political decision makers
1145 that the only way to go nowadays is free software for various reasons,
1146 but I have learnt that the only way that seems to work is bottom up.</p>
1147
1148 <!--
1149
1150 >  * Who should be interviewed with this questions in the future?
1151
1152 That's probably the hardest question of them all, as I do not know the
1153 community. However, I would be willing to do the following:
1154
1155  <li>Run an interview with a German headteacher who is very open to
1156    free software, and also prefers it, but cannot really use it because
1157    of the decision makers above;
1158  <li>Run interviews with some kids, both with and without previous
1159    knowledge about free software
1160
1161 If that is wanted, just let me know ;).
1162
1163 -->
1164
1165       </div>
1166       <div class="tags">
1167
1168
1169         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1170
1171
1172       </div>
1173     </div>
1174     <div class="padding"></div>
1175
1176     <div class="entry">
1177       <div class="title">
1178         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Klaus_Knopper.html">Debian Edu interview: Klaus Knopper</a>
1179       </div>
1180       <div class="date">
1181          6th December 2013
1182       </div>
1183       <div class="body">
1184         <p>It has been a while since I managed to publish the last interview,
1185 but the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1186 Skolelinux</a> community is still going strong, and yesterday we even
1187 had a new school administrator show up on
1188 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/#debian-edu">#debian-edu</a> to share
1189 his success story with installing Debian Edu at their school.  This
1190 time I have been able to get some helpful comments from the creator of
1191 Knoppix, Klaus Knopper, who was involved in a Skolelinux project in
1192 Germany a few years ago.</p>
1193
1194 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
1195
1196 <p>I am Klaus Knopper.  I have a master degree in electrical
1197 engineering, and is currently professor in information management at
1198 the university of applied sciences Kaiserslautern / Germany and
1199 freelance Open Source software developer and consultant.</p>
1200
1201 <p>All of this is pretty much of the work I spend my days with. Apart
1202 from teaching, I'm also conducting some more or less experimental
1203 projects like the <a href="http://www.knoppix.org">Knoppix GNU/Linux live
1204 system</a> (Debian-based like Skolelinux),
1205 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/knoppix-adriane/index-en.html">ADRIANE</a>
1206 (a blind-friendly talking desktop system) and
1207 <a href="http://www.knopper.net/linbo/index-en.html">LINBO</a>
1208 (Linux-based network boot console, a fast remote install and repair
1209 system supporting various operating systems).</p>
1210
1211 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
1212 project?</strong></p>
1213
1214 <p>The credit for this have to go to Kurt Gramlich, who is the German
1215 coordinator for Skolelinux.  We were looking for an all-in-one open
1216 source community-supported distribution for schools, and Kurt
1217 introduced us to Skolelinux for this purpose.</p>
1218
1219 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1220 Edu?</strong></p>
1221
1222 <ul>
1223   <li>Quick installation,</li>
1224   <li>works (almost) out of the box,</li>
1225   <li>contains many useful software packages for teaching and learning,</li>
1226   <li>is a purely community-based distro and not controlled by a
1227     single company,</li>
1228   <li>has a large number of supporters and teachers who share their
1229     experience and problem solutions.</li>
1230 </ul>
1231
1232 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
1233 Edu?</strong></p>
1234
1235 <ul>
1236   <li>Skolelinux is - as we had to learn - not easily upgradable to
1237   the next version.  Opposed to its genuine Debian base, upgrading to
1238   a new version means a full new installation from scratch to get it
1239   working again reliably.
1240
1241   <li>Skolelinux is based on Debian/stable, and therefore always a
1242   little outdated in terms of program versions compared to Edubuntu or
1243   similar educational Linux distros, which rather use Debian/testing
1244   as their base.
1245
1246   <li>Skolelinux has some very self-opinionated and stubborn default
1247   configuration which in my opinion adds unnecessary complexity and is
1248   not always suitable for a schools needs, the preset network
1249   configuration is actually a core definition feature of Skolelinux
1250   and not easy to change, so schools sometimes have to change their
1251   network configuration to make it "Skolelinux-compatible".
1252
1253   <li>Some proposed extensions, which were made available as
1254   contribution, like secure examination mode and lecture material
1255   distribution and collection, were not accepted into the mainline
1256   Skolelinux development and are now not easy to maintain in the
1257   future because of Skolelinux somewhat undeterministic update
1258   schemes.</li>
1259
1260   <li>Skolelinux has only a very tiny number of base developers
1261   compared to Debian.</li>
1262
1263 </ul>
1264
1265 <p>For these reasons and experience from our project, I would now
1266 rather consider using plain Debian for schools next time, until
1267 Skolelinux is more closely integrated into Debian and becomes
1268 upgradeable without reinstallation.</p>
1269
1270 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
1271
1272 <p>GNU/Linux with LXDE desktop, bash for interactive dialog and
1273 programming, texlive for documentation and correspondence,
1274 occasionally LibreOffice for document format conversion. Various
1275 programming languages for teaching.</p>
1276
1277 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
1278 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
1279
1280 <p>Strong arguments are</p>
1281
1282 <ul>
1283
1284   <li>Knowledge is free, and so should be methods and tools for
1285     teaching and learning.</li>
1286
1287   <li>Students can learn with and use the same software at school, at
1288     home, and at their working place without running into license or
1289     conversion problems.</li>
1290
1291   <li>Closed source or proprietary software hides knowledge rather
1292     than exposing it, and proprietary software vendors try to bind
1293     customers to certain products.  But teachers need to teach
1294     science, not products.</li>
1295
1296   <li>If you have everything you for daily work as open source, what
1297     would you need proprietary software for?</li>
1298
1299 </ul>
1300
1301       </div>
1302       <div class="tags">
1303
1304
1305         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
1306
1307
1308       </div>
1309     </div>
1310     <div class="padding"></div>
1311
1312     <div class="entry">
1313       <div class="title">
1314         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_7_1_install_and_overview_video_from_Marcelo_Salvador.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu 7.1 install and overview video from Marcelo Salvador</a>
1315       </div>
1316       <div class="date">
1317          8th October 2013
1318       </div>
1319       <div class="body">
1320         <p>The other day I was pleased and surprised to discover that Marcelo
1321 Salvador had published a
1322 <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w-GgpdqgLFc">video on
1323 Youtube</a> showing how to install the standalone Debian Edu /
1324 Skolelinux profile.  This is the profile intended for use at home or
1325 on laptops that should not be integrated into the provided network
1326 services (no central home directory, no Kerberos / LDAP directory etc,
1327 in other word a single user machine).  The result is 11 minutes long,
1328 and show some user applications (seem to be rather randomly picked).
1329 Missed a few of my favorites like celestia, planets and chromium
1330 showing the <a href="http://www.zygotebody.com/">Zygote Body 3D model
1331 of the human body</a>, but I guess he did not know about those or find
1332 other programs more interesting. :) And the video do not show the
1333 advantages I believe is one of the most valuable featuers in Debian
1334 Edu, its central school server making it possible to run hundreds of
1335 computers without hard drives by installing one central
1336 <a href="http://www.ltsp.org/">LTSP server</a>.</p>
1337
1338 <p>Anyway, check out the video, embedded below and linked to above:</p>
1339
1340 <iframe width="420" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/w-GgpdqgLFc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
1341
1342 <p>Are there other nice videos demonstrating Skolelinux?  Please let
1343 me know. :)</p>
1344
1345       </div>
1346       <div class="tags">
1347
1348
1349         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
1350
1351
1352       </div>
1353     </div>
1354     <div class="padding"></div>
1355
1356     <div class="entry">
1357       <div class="title">
1358         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Finally__Debian_Edu_Wheezy_is_released_today_.html">Finally, Debian Edu Wheezy is released today!</a>
1359       </div>
1360       <div class="date">
1361         29th September 2013
1362       </div>
1363       <div class="body">
1364         <p>A few hours ago, the announcement for the first stable release of
1365 Debian Edu Wheezy went out from the Debian publicity team.  The
1366 complete announcement text can be found at
1367 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130928">the Debian News
1368 section</a>, translated to several languages.  Please check it out.</p>
1369
1370 <p>There is one minor known problem that we will fix very soon.  One
1371 can not install a amd64 Thin Client Server using PXE, as the /var/
1372 partition is too small.  A workaround is to extend the partition (use
1373 lvresize + resize2fs in tty 2 while installing).</p>
1374
1375       </div>
1376       <div class="tags">
1377
1378
1379         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1380
1381
1382       </div>
1383     </div>
1384     <div class="padding"></div>
1385
1386     <div class="entry">
1387       <div class="title">
1388         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_and_probably_last_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Wheezy.html">Third and probably last beta release of Debian Edu Wheezy</a>
1389       </div>
1390       <div class="date">
1391         16th September 2013
1392       </div>
1393       <div class="body">
1394         <p>The third wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1395 today.  This is the release announcement from Holger Levsen:</p>
1396
1397 <blockquote>
1398 <p>Hi,</p>
1399
1400 <p>it is my pleasure to announce the third beta release (beta 2 for
1401 short) of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1402 Skolelinux</a> based on Debian Wheezy!</p>
1403
1404 <p>Please test these images extensivly, if no new problems are found
1405 we plan to do this final Debian Edu Wheezy release this coming
1406 weekend.  We are not aware of any major problems or blockers in beta2,
1407 if you find something, please notify us immediately!</p>
1408
1409 <p>(More about the remaining steps for the Edu Wheezy release in
1410 another mail to the edu list tonight or tomorrow...)</p>
1411
1412 <p>Noteworthy changes and software updates for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b2
1413 compared to beta1:</p>
1414
1415 <ul>
1416
1417 <li>The KDE proxy setup has been adjusted to use the provided wpad.dat. This
1418 also gets Chromium to use this proxy.</li>
1419 <li>Install kdepim-groupware with KDE desktops to make sure korganizer
1420 understand ical/dav sources.</li>
1421 <li>Increased default maximum size of /var/spool/squid and /skole/backup on the
1422 main server.</li>
1423 <li>A source DVD image containing all source packages is now available as well.</li>
1424 <li>Updates for chromium (29.0.1547.57-1~deb7u1), imagemagick
1425 (6.7.7.10-5+deb7u2), php5 (5.4.4-14+deb7u4), libmodplug
1426 (0.8.8.4-3+deb7u1+git20130828), tiff (4.0.2-6+deb7u2), linux-image
1427 (3.2.0-4-486_3.2.46-1+deb7u1).</li>
1428
1429 </ul>
1430
1431 <p>Where to get it:</p>
1432
1433 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1434
1435 <ul>
1436 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1437 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso</a></li>
1438 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-CD.iso .</li>
1439 </ul>
1440
1441 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is:  3a1c89f4666df80eebcd46c5bf5fedb866f9472f</p>
1442
1443 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use
1444 <ul>
1445 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1446 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso</a></li>
1447 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-USB.iso .</li>
1448 </ul>
1449
1450 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 702d1718548f401c74bfa6df9f032cc3ee16597e</p>
1451
1452 <p>The Source DVD image has the filename
1453 debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b2-source-DVD.iso and the SHA1SUM
1454 089eed8b3f962db47aae1f6a9685e9bb2fa30ca5 and is available the same way
1455 as the other isos.</p>
1456
1457 <p>How to report bugs</p>
1458
1459 <p>For information how to report bugs please see
1460 <br><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1461
1462
1463 <p>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</p>
1464
1465 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
1466 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
1467 configured school network. Immediately after installation a school
1468 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
1469 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
1470 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
1471 initial installation of the main server from CD or USB stick all other
1472 machines can be installed via the network. The provided school server
1473 provides LDAP database and Kerberos authentication service,
1474 centralized home directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other
1475 services.  The desktop contains more than 60 educational software
1476 packages and more are available from the Debian archive, and schools
1477 can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1478
1479 <p>This is the seventh test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1480 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1481 Squeeze release.</p>
1482
1483 <p>Notes for upgrades from Alpha Prereleases</p>
1484
1485 <p>Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1486 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1487 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1488 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1489 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined on the mailing list. (2)
1490 Accept the new version of gosa.conf and replace both contained admin
1491 password placeholders with the password hashes found in the old one
1492 (backup copy!). In both cases all users need to change their password
1493 to make sure a password is set for CIFS access to their home
1494 directory.</p>
1495
1496
1497 <p>cheers,
1498 <br>        Holger</p>
1499 </blockquote>
1500
1501       </div>
1502       <div class="tags">
1503
1504
1505         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1506
1507
1508       </div>
1509     </div>
1510     <div class="padding"></div>
1511
1512     <div class="entry">
1513       <div class="title">
1514         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_release__beta_1__of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second beta release (beta 1) of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1515       </div>
1516       <div class="date">
1517         22nd August 2013
1518       </div>
1519       <div class="body">
1520         <p>The second wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1521 today, slightly delayed because of some bugs in the initial Windows
1522 integration fixes .  This is the release announcement:</p>
1523
1524 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b1 released 2013-08-22</strong></p>
1525
1526 <p>These are the release notes for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1527 7.1+edu0~b1, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1528
1529 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1530
1531 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1532 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1533 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1534 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1535 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1536 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1537 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1538 the main server from CD or USB stick all other machines can be
1539 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1540 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1541 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1542 desktop contains
1543 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1544 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1545 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1546 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1547
1548 <p>This is the sixth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically this
1549 is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the Squeeze
1550 release.</p>
1551
1552 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1553 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1554 release. Both alpha and beta0 based installations should reinstall or
1555 deal with gosa.conf manually; there are two options: (1) Keep
1556 gosa.conf and edit this file as outlined
1557 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/08/msg00127.html">on
1558 the mailing list</a>. (2) Accept the new version of gosa.conf and
1559 replace both contained admin password placeholders with the password
1560 hashes found in the old one (backup copy!). In both cases every user
1561 need to change their their password to make sure a password is set for
1562 CIFS access to their home directory.</p>
1563
1564 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1565
1566 <ul>
1567
1568 <li>Added ssh askpass packages to default installation, to ensure ssh
1569     work also without a attached tty.</li>
1570 <li>Add the command-not-found package to the default installation to
1571     make it easier to figure out where to find missing command line
1572     tools. Please note, that the command 'update-command-not-found'
1573     has to be run as root to actually make it useful (internet access
1574     required).</li>
1575
1576 </ul>
1577
1578 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1579
1580 <ul>
1581
1582 <li>Adjusted the USB stick ISO image build to include every tool
1583 needed for desktop=xfce installations.</li>
1584 <li>Adjust thin-client-server task to work when installing from USB
1585 stick ISO image.</li>
1586 <li>Made new grub artwork (changed png from indexed to RGB format).</li>
1587 <li>Minor cleanup in the CUPS setup.</li>
1588 <li>Make sure that bootstrapping of the Samba domain really happens
1589     during installation of the main server and adjust SID handling to
1590     cope with this.</li>
1591 <li>Make Samba passwords changeable (again) via GOsa².</li>
1592 <li>Fix generation of LM and NT password hashes via GOsa² to avoid
1593     empty password hashes.</li>
1594 <li>Adapted Samba machine domain joining to latest change in the
1595     smbldap-tools Perl package, fixing bugs blocking Windows machines
1596     from joining the Samba domain.</li>
1597
1598 </ul>
1599
1600 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1601
1602 <ul>
1603
1604 <li>KDE fails to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
1605     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
1606 <li>Chromium also fails to use the proxy when using the KDE desktop
1607     (using the KDE configuration).</li>
1608
1609 </ul>
1610
1611 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1612
1613 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1614
1615 <ul>
1616
1617 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
1618
1619 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso</a></li>
1620
1621 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-CD.iso .</li>
1622
1623 </ul>
1624
1625 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 1e357f80b55e703523f2254adde6d78b
1626 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 7157f9be5fd27c7694d713c6ecfed61c3edda3b2</p>
1627
1628 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1629
1630 <ul>
1631
1632 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
1633 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso</a></li>
1634 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b1-USB.iso .</li>
1635
1636 </ul>
1637
1638 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 7a8408ead59cf7e3cef25afb6e91590b
1639 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: f1817c031f02790d5edb3bfa0dcf8451088ad119</p>
1640
1641
1642 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1643
1644 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1645
1646       </div>
1647       <div class="tags">
1648
1649
1650         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1651
1652
1653       </div>
1654     </div>
1655     <div class="padding"></div>
1656
1657     <div class="entry">
1658       <div class="title">
1659         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_beta_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First beta release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1660       </div>
1661       <div class="date">
1662         27th July 2013
1663       </div>
1664       <div class="body">
1665         <p>The first wheezy based beta release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1666 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1667
1668 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~b0 released
1669 2013-07-27</strong></p>
1670
1671 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1672 7.1+edu0~b0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1673
1674 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1675
1676 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1677 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1678 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1679 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1680 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1681 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1682 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1683 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1684 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1685 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1686 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1687 desktop contains
1688 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1689 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1690 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1691 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1692
1693 <p>This is the fifth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1694 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1695 Squeeze release.</p>
1696
1697 <p>ALERT: Alpha based installations should reinstall or downgrade the
1698 versions of gosa and libpam-mklocaluser to the ones used in this beta
1699 release.</p>
1700
1701 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1702
1703 <ul>
1704
1705 <li>Switched roaming workstation profiles from wicd to network-manager
1706    for network configuration, as wicd didn't work any more.</li>
1707 <li>Changed version numbers of patched gosa and libpam-mklocaluser
1708    packages to make sure our locally patched versions will be replaced
1709    by the official packages when they are released from Debian. Those
1710    installing alpha version need to reinstall or manually downgrade gosa
1711    and libpam-mklocaluser.</li>
1712 <li>Added bluetooth tools to the default desktop (bluedevil, blueman).</li>
1713 <li>Added tools for sharing the desktop on KDE (krdc, krfb).</li>
1714 <li>Added valgrind to the default installation for easier debugging of
1715    crash bugs.</li>
1716
1717 </ul>
1718
1719 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1720
1721 <ul>
1722
1723 <li>Fixed artwork package to work with gnome, no longer break
1724    desktop=gnome installations.</li>
1725 <li>Adjusted installer to now work when forced to use a proxy with the
1726    netinst CD.</li>
1727 <li>Fixed code detecting and setting/loading hardware specific
1728    setup/firmware to work more robust out of the box.</li>
1729 <li>Adjusted Kerberos setup to detect realm and server settings at
1730    install time instead of dynamically at run time. This avoid a crash
1731    with krb5-auth-dialog on diskless workstations without a DNS name.</li>
1732 <li>Worked around misfeature in network-manager not calling the dhclient
1733    exit hooks, causing automatic proxy configuration and automatic host
1734    name setting at run time to work again.</li>
1735 <li>Fixed feature setting the default Iceweasel start page from URL
1736    fetched from LDAP, to allow schools to set the global default by
1737    updating the dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no LDAP object.</li>
1738 <li>Changed default host name on all networked machines to be unique
1739    (generated from MAC or reverse DNS) after boot.</li>
1740 <li>Adjusted partition sizes to make sure they are big enough.</li>
1741
1742 </ul>
1743
1744 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1745
1746 <ul>
1747
1748 <li>Grub is missing the new artwork.</li>
1749 <li>KDE fail to understand the wpad.dat file provided, causing it to
1750     not use the http proxy as it should.</li>
1751 <li>Chromium also fail to use the proxy.</li>
1752
1753 </ul>
1754
1755 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1756
1757 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1758
1759 <ul>
1760
1761 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
1762
1763 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso</a></li>
1764
1765 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-CD.iso .</li>
1766
1767 </ul>
1768
1769 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 55d5de9765b6dccd5d9ec33cf1a07109
1770 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 996a1d9517740e4d627d100de2d12b23dd545a3f</p>
1771
1772 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1773
1774 <ul>
1775
1776 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
1777 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso</a></li>
1778 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~b0-USB.iso .</li>
1779
1780 </ul>
1781
1782 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: d8f0818c51a78d357de794066f289f69
1783 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 49185ca354e8d0543240423746924f76a6cee733</p>
1784
1785
1786 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1787
1788 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
1789
1790       </div>
1791       <div class="tags">
1792
1793
1794         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1795
1796
1797       </div>
1798     </div>
1799     <div class="padding"></div>
1800
1801     <div class="entry">
1802       <div class="title">
1803         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/July_13th__Debian_Ubuntu_BSP_and_Skolelinux_Debian_Edu_developer_gathering_in_Oslo.html">July 13th: Debian/Ubuntu BSP and Skolelinux/Debian Edu developer gathering in Oslo</a>
1804       </div>
1805       <div class="date">
1806          9th July 2013
1807       </div>
1808       <div class="body">
1809         <p>The upcoming Saturday, 2013-07-13, we are organising a combined
1810 Debian Edu developer gathering and Debian and Ubuntu bug squashing
1811 party in Oslo.  It is organised by <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">the
1812 member assosiation NUUG</a> and
1813 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1814 project</a> together with <a href="http://bitraf.no/">the hack space
1815 Bitraf</a>.</p>
1816
1817 <p>It starts 10:00 and continue until late evening.  Everyone is
1818 welcome, and there is no fee to participate.  There is on the other
1819 hand limited space, and only room for 30 people.  Please put your name
1820 on <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/BSP/2013/07/13/no/Oslo">the event
1821 wiki page</a> if you plan to join us.</p>
1822
1823       </div>
1824       <div class="tags">
1825
1826
1827         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
1828
1829
1830       </div>
1831     </div>
1832     <div class="padding"></div>
1833
1834     <div class="entry">
1835       <div class="title">
1836         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fourth_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu_Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Fourth alpha release of Debian Edu/Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
1837       </div>
1838       <div class="date">
1839          3rd July 2013
1840       </div>
1841       <div class="body">
1842         <p>The fourth wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
1843 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
1844
1845 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.1+edu0~alpha3 released
1846 2013-07-03</strong></p>
1847
1848 <p>These are the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux
1849 7.1+edu0~alpha3, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
1850
1851 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
1852
1853 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
1854 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
1855 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
1856 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
1857 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
1858 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
1859 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
1860 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
1861 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
1862 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
1863 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
1864 desktop contains
1865 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
1866 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
1867 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
1868 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
1869
1870 <p>This is the fourth test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
1871 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
1872 Squeeze release.</p>
1873
1874 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
1875 <ul>
1876   <li>Dropped ispell dictionaries from our default installation.</li>
1877   <li>Dropped menu-xdg from the KDE desktop option, to drop the Debian
1878     submenu.  It was not included with Gnome, LXDE or Xfce, so this
1879     brings KDE in line with the others.</li>
1880   <li>Dropped xdrawchem, xjig and xsok from our default installation as
1881     they don't have a desktop menu entry and thus won't show up in the
1882     menu now that menu-xdg was removed.</li>
1883   <li>Removed the killer system to kill left behind processes on
1884     multi-user machines, as it was no longer able to understand when a
1885     X display was in use and killed the processes of the active users
1886     too.</li>
1887   <li>Dropped the golearn (from goplay) package as the debtags in wheezy
1888     are too few to make the package useful.</li>
1889 </ul>
1890 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
1891 <ul>
1892   <li>Updated artwork matching http://wiki.debian.org/DebianArt/Themes/Joy
1893   <li>Multi-arch i386/amd64 USB stick ISO available.</li>
1894   <li>Got rid of ispell/wordlist related debconf questions that showed
1895     up for some language options.</li>
1896   <li>Switched to using http.debian.net as APT source by default.</li>
1897   <li>Fixed proxy configuration on Main Server installations.</li>
1898   <li>Changed LTSP setup to ask dpkg to use force-unsafe-io the same way
1899     d-i is doing it.</li>
1900   <li>Made sure root and user passwords were not left behind in the
1901     debconf database after installation on Main Server installations.</li>
1902   <li>Made Roaming Workstation dynamic setup more robust and added draft
1903     script setup-ad-client to hook a Roaming Workstation up to a
1904     Active Directory server instead of a Debian Edu Main Server.</li>
1905   <li>Update system to install needed firmware packages during
1906     installation, to work properly in Wheezy.</li>
1907   <li>Update system to handle hardware quirks (debian-edu-hwsetup).</li>
1908   <li>Corrected PXE installation setup to properly pass selected desktop
1909     and keymap settings to PXE installation clients.</li>
1910   <li>LTSP diskless workstations use sshfs by default, allowing them to
1911     work without adding them to DNS and NIS netgroups for NFS access.</li>
1912 </ul>
1913 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
1914 <ul>
1915   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
1916     available yet (698840).</li>
1917   <li>Artwork not enabled for all desktops.</li>
1918 </ul>
1919 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
1920
1921 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
1922 <ul>
1923   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
1924   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso</a></li>
1925   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-CD.iso .</li>
1926 </ul>
1927
1928 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 2b161a99d2a848c376d8d04e3854e30c
1929 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 498922e9c508c0a7ee9dbe1dfe5bf830d779c3c8</p>
1930
1931 <p>To download the multiarch USB stick ISO release you can use</p>
1932 <ul>
1933   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1934   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso</a></li>
1935   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.1+edu0~a3-USB.iso .</li>
1936 </ul>
1937
1938 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 25e808e403a4c15dbef1d13c37d572ac
1939 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 15ecfc93eb6b4f453b7eb0bc04b6a279262d9721</p>
1940
1941 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
1942
1943 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
1944
1945       </div>
1946       <div class="tags">
1947
1948
1949         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
1950
1951
1952       </div>
1953     </div>
1954     <div class="padding"></div>
1955
1956     <div class="entry">
1957       <div class="title">
1958         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_value_of_a_good_distro_wide_test_suite___.html">The value of a good distro wide test suite...</a>
1959       </div>
1960       <div class="date">
1961         22nd June 2013
1962       </div>
1963       <div class="body">
1964         <p>In the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
1965 Skolelinux</a> project, we include a post-installation test suite,
1966 which check that services are running, working, and return the
1967 expected results.  It runs automatically just after the first boot on
1968 test installations (using test ISOs), but not on production
1969 installations (using non-test ISOs).  It test that the LDAP service is
1970 operating, Kerberos is responding, DNS is replying, file systems are
1971 online resizable, etc, etc.  And it check that the PXE service is
1972 configured, which is the topic of this post.</p>
1973
1974 <p>The last week I've fixed the DVD and USB stick ISOs for our Debian
1975 Edu Wheezy release.  These ISOs are supposed to be able to install a
1976 complete system without any Internet connection, but for that to
1977 happen all the needed packages need to be on them.  Thanks to our test
1978 suite, I discovered that we had forgotten to adjust our PXE setup to
1979 cope with the new names and paths used by the netboot d-i packages.
1980 When Internet connectivity was available, the installer fall back to
1981 using wget to fetch d-i boot images, but when offline it require
1982 working packages to get it working.  And the packages changed name
1983 from debian-installer-6.0-netboot-$arch to
1984 debian-installer-7.0-netboot-$arch, we no longer pulled in the
1985 packages during installation.  Without our test suite, I suspect we
1986 would never have discovered this before release.  Now it is fixed
1987 right after we got the ISOs operational.</p>
1988
1989 <p>Another by-product of the test suite is that we can ask system
1990 administrators with problems getting Debian Edu to work, to run the
1991 test suite using <tt>/usr/sbin/debian-edu-test-install</tt> and see if
1992 any errors are detected.  This usually pinpoint the subsystem causing
1993 the problem.</p>
1994
1995 <p>If you want to help us help kids learn how to share and create,
1996 please join us on
1997 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
1998 irc.debian.org</a> and the
1999 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@</a> mailing
2000 list.</p>
2001
2002       </div>
2003       <div class="tags">
2004
2005
2006         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2007
2008
2009       </div>
2010     </div>
2011     <div class="padding"></div>
2012
2013     <div class="entry">
2014       <div class="title">
2015         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Victor_Ni_u.html">Debian Edu interview: Victor Nițu</a>
2016       </div>
2017       <div class="date">
2018         17th June 2013
2019       </div>
2020       <div class="body">
2021         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
2022 Skolelinux</a> distribution have users and contributors all around the
2023 globe.  And a while back, an enterprising young man showed up on
2024 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">our IRC channel
2025 #debian-edu</a> and started asking questions about how Debian Edu
2026 worked.  We answered as good as we could, and even convinced him to
2027 help us with translations.  And today I managed to get an interview
2028 with him, to learn more about him.</p>
2029
2030 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2031
2032 <p>I'm a 25 year old free software enthusiast, living in Romania,
2033 which is also my country of origin. Back in 2009, at a New Year's Eve
2034 party, I had a very nice <strike>beer</strike> discussion with a
2035 friend, when we realized we have no organised Debian community in our
2036 country. A few days later, we put together the infrastructure for such
2037 community and even gathered a nice Debian-ish crowd. Since then, I
2038 began my quest as a free software hacker and activist and I am
2039 constantly trying to cover as much ground as possible on that
2040 field.</p>
2041
2042 <p>A few years ago I founded a small web development company, which
2043 provided me the flexible schedule I needed so much for my
2044 activities. For the last 13 months, I have been the Technical Director
2045 of <a href="http://ceata.org/">Fundația Ceata</a>, which is a free
2046 software activist organisation endorsed by the FSF and the FSFE, and
2047 the only one we have in our country.</p>
2048
2049 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2050 project?</strong></p>
2051
2052 <p>The idea of participating in the Debian Edu project was a surprise
2053 even to me, since I never used it before I began getting involved in
2054 it. This year I had a great opportunity to deliver a talk on
2055 educational software, and I knew immediately where to look. It was a
2056 love at first sight, since I was previously involved with some of the
2057 technologies the project incorporates, and I rapidly found a lot of
2058 ways to contribute.</p>
2059
2060 <p>My first contributions consisted in translating the installer and
2061 configuration dialogs, then I found some bugs to squash (I still
2062 haven't fixed them yet though), and I even got my eyes on some other
2063 areas where I can prove myself helpful. Since the appetite for free
2064 software in my country is pretty low, I'll be happy to be the first
2065 one around here advocating for the project's adoption in educational
2066 environments, and maybe even get my hands dirty in creating a flavour
2067 for our own needs. I am not used to make very advanced plannings, so
2068 from now on, time will tell what I'll be doing next, but I think I
2069 have a pretty consistent starting point.</p>
2070
2071 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
2072 Edu?</strong></p>
2073
2074 <p>Not a long time ago, I was in the position of configuring and
2075 maintaining a LDAP server on some Debian derivative, and I must say it
2076 took me a while. A long time ago, I was maintaining a bigger
2077 Samba-powered infrastructure, and I must say I spent quite a lot of
2078 time on it. I have similar stories about many of the services included
2079 with Skolelinux, and the main advantage I see about it is the
2080 out-of-the box availability of them, making it quite competitive when
2081 it comes to managing a school's network, for example.</p>
2082
2083 <p>Of course, there is more to say about Skolelinux than the
2084 availability of the software included, its flexibility in various
2085 scenarios is something I can't wait to experiment "into the wild" (I
2086 only played with virtual machines so far). And I am sure there is a
2087 lot more I haven't discovered yet about it, being so new within the
2088 project.</p>
2089
2090 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2091 Edu?</strong></p>
2092
2093 <p>As usual, when it comes to Debian Blends, I see as the biggest
2094 disadvantage the lack of a numerous team dedicated to the
2095 project. Every day I see the same names in the changelogs, and I have
2096 a constantly fear of the bus factor in this story.  I'd like to see
2097 Debian Edu advertised more as an entry point into the Debian
2098 ecosystem, especially amongst newcomers and students. IMHO there are a
2099 lot low-hanging fruits in terms of bug squashing, and enough
2100 opportunities to get the feeling of the Debian Project's dynamics. Not
2101 to mention it's a very fun blend to work on!</p>
2102
2103 <p>Derived from the previous statement, is the delay in catching up
2104 with the main Debian release and documentation. This is common though
2105 to all blends and derivatives, but it's an issue we can all work
2106 on.</p>
2107
2108 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2109
2110 <p>I can hardly imagine myself spending a day without Vim, since my
2111 daily routine covers writing code and hacking configuration files. I
2112 am a fan of the Awesome window manager (but I also like the
2113 Enlightenment project a lot!),
2114 <a href="http://www.claws-mail.org/‎">Claws Mail</a> due to its ease of
2115 use and very configurable behaviour. Recently I fell in love with
2116 <a href="https://launchpad.net/redshift">Redshift</a>, which helps me
2117 get through the night without headaches. Of course, there is much more
2118 stuff in this bag, but I'll need a blog on my own for doing this!</p>
2119
2120 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2121 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2122
2123 <p>Well, on this field, I cannot do much more than experiment right
2124 now. So, being far from having a recipe for success, I can only assume
2125 that:</p>
2126
2127 <ul>
2128
2129 <li>schools would like to get rid of proprietary software</li>
2130
2131 <li>students will love the openness of the system, and will want to
2132     experiment with it - maybe we need to harvest the native curiosity
2133     of teenagers more?</li>
2134
2135 <li>there is no "right one" when it comes to strategies, but it would
2136     be useful to have some success stories published somewhere, so
2137     other can get some inspiration from them (I know I'd promote
2138     them!)</li>
2139
2140 <li>more active promotion - talks, conferences, even small school
2141     lectures can do magical things if they encounter at least one
2142     person interested. Who knows who that person might be? ;-)</li>
2143
2144 </ul>
2145
2146 <p>I also see some problems in getting Skolelinux into schools; for
2147 example, in our country we have a great deal of corruption issues, so
2148 it might be hard(er) to fight against proprietary solutions. Also,
2149 people who relied on commercial software for all their lives, would be
2150 very hard to convert against their will.</p>
2151
2152       </div>
2153       <div class="tags">
2154
2155
2156         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2157
2158
2159       </div>
2160     </div>
2161     <div class="padding"></div>
2162
2163     <div class="entry">
2164       <div class="title">
2165         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jonathan_Carter.html">Debian Edu interview: Jonathan Carter</a>
2166       </div>
2167       <div class="date">
2168         12th June 2013
2169       </div>
2170       <div class="body">
2171         <p>There is a certain cross-over between the
2172 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
2173 project</a> and <a href="http://www.edubuntu.org/">the Edubuntu
2174 project</a>, and for example the LTSP packages in Debian are a joint
2175 effort between the projects.  One person with a foot in both camps is
2176 Jonathan Carter, which I am now happy to present to you.</p>
2177
2178 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2179
2180 <p>I'm a South-African free software geek who lives in Cape Town. My
2181 days vary quite a bit since I'm involved in too many things. As I'm
2182 getting older I'm learning how to focus a bit more :)</p>
2183
2184 <p>I'm also an Edubuntu contributor and I love when there are
2185 opportunities for the Edubuntu and Debian Edu projects to benefit from
2186 each other.</p>
2187
2188 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2189 project?</strong></p>
2190
2191 <p>I've been somewhat familiar with the project before, but I think my
2192 first direct exposure to the project was when I met Petter
2193 [Reinholdtsen] and Knut [Yrvin] at the Edubuntu summit in 2005 in
2194 London. They provided great feedback that helped the bootstrapping of
2195 Edubuntu. Back then Edubuntu (and even Ubuntu) was still very new and
2196 it was great getting input from people who have been around longer. I
2197 was also still very excitable and said yes to everything and to this
2198 day I have a big todo list backlog that I'm catching up with. I think
2199 over the years the relationship between Edubuntu and Debian-Edu has
2200 been gradually improving, although I think there's a lot that we could
2201 still improve on in terms of working together on packages. I'm sure
2202 we'll get there one day.</p>
2203
2204 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2205 Edu?</strong></p>
2206
2207 <p>Debian itself already has so many advantages. I could go on about
2208 it for pages, but in essence I love that it's a very honest project
2209 that puts its users first with no hidden agendas and also produces
2210 very high quality work.</p>
2211
2212 <p>I think the advantage of Debian Edu is that it makes many common
2213 set-up tasks simpler so that administrators can get up and running
2214 with a lot less effort and frustration. At the same time I think it
2215 helps to standardise installations in schools so that it's easier for
2216 community members and commercial suppliers to support.</p>
2217
2218 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2219 Edu?</strong></p>
2220
2221 <p>I had to re-type this one a few times because I'm trying to
2222 separate "disadvantages" from "areas that need improvement" (which is
2223 what I originally rambled on about)</p>
2224
2225 <p>The biggest disadvantage I can think of is lack of manpower. The
2226 project could do so much more if there were more good contributors. I
2227 think some of the problems are external too. Free software and free
2228 content in education is a no-brainer but it takes some time to catch
2229 on. When you've been working with the same proprietary eco-system for
2230 years and have gotten used to it, it can be hard to adjust to some
2231 concepts in the free software world. It would be nice if there were
2232 more Debian Edu consultants across the world. I'd love to be one
2233 myself but I'm already so over-committed that it's just not possible
2234 currently.</p>
2235
2236 <p>I think the best short-term solution to that large-scale problem is
2237 for schools to be pro-active and share their experiences and grow
2238 their skills in-house. I'm often saddened to see how much money
2239 educational institutions spend on 3rd party solutions that they don't
2240 have access to after the service has ended and they could've gotten so
2241 much more value otherwise by being more self-sustainable and
2242 autonomous.</p>
2243
2244 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2245
2246 <p>My main laptop dual-boots between Debian and Windows 7. I was
2247 Windows free for years but started dual-booting again last year for
2248 some games which help me focus and relax (Starcraft II in
2249 particular). Gaming support on Linux is improving in leaps and bounds
2250 so I suppose I'll soon be able to regain that disk space :)</p>
2251
2252 <p>Besides that I rely on Icedove, Chromium, Terminator, Byobu, irssi,
2253 git, Tomboy, KVM, VLC and LibreOffice. Recently I've been torn on
2254 which desktop environment I like and I'm taking some refuge in Xfce
2255 while I figure that out. I like tools that keep things simple. I enjoy
2256 Python and shell scripting. I went to an Arduino workshop recently and
2257 it was awesome seeing how easy and simple the IDE software was to get
2258 up and running in Debian compared to the users running Windows and OS
2259 X.</p>
2260
2261 <p>I also use mc which some people frown upon slightly. I got used to
2262 using Norton Commander in the early 90's and it stuck (I think the
2263 people who sneer at it is just jealous that they don't know how to use
2264 it :p)
2265
2266 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2267 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2268
2269 <p>I think trying to force it is unproductive. I also think that in
2270 many cases it's appropriate for schools to use non-free systems and I
2271 don't think that there's any particular moral or ethical problem with
2272 that.</p>
2273
2274 <p>I do think though that free software can already solve so so many
2275 problems in educational institutions and it's just a shame not taking
2276 advantage of that.</p>
2277
2278 <p>I also think that some curricula need serious review. For example,
2279 some areas of the world rely heavily on very specific versions of MS
2280 Office, teaching students to parrot menu items instead of learning the
2281 general concepts. I think that's very unproductive because firstly, MS
2282 Office's interface changes drastically every few years and on top of
2283 that it also locks in a generation to a product that might not be the
2284 best solution for them.</p>
2285
2286 <p>To answer your question, I believe that the right strategy is to
2287 educate and inform, giving someone the information they require to
2288 make a decision that would work for them.</p>
2289
2290       </div>
2291       <div class="tags">
2292
2293
2294         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2295
2296
2297       </div>
2298     </div>
2299     <div class="padding"></div>
2300
2301     <div class="entry">
2302       <div class="title">
2303         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Third alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
2304       </div>
2305       <div class="date">
2306         10th June 2013
2307       </div>
2308       <div class="body">
2309         <p>The third wheezy based alpha release of Debian Edu was wrapped up
2310 today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
2311
2312 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha2 released
2313 2013-06-10</strong></p>
2314
2315 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
2316 alpha2, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
2317
2318 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
2319
2320 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
2321 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
2322 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
2323 network. Immediately after installation a school server running all
2324 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
2325 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
2326 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
2327 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
2328 installed via the network. The provided school server provides LDAP
2329 database and Kerberos authentication service, centralized home
2330 directories, DHCP server, web proxy and many other services. The
2331 desktop contains
2332 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">more
2333 than 60 educational software packages</a> and more are available from
2334 the Debian archive, and schools can choose between KDE, Gnome, LXDE
2335 and Xfce desktop environment.</p>
2336
2337 <p>This is the third test release based on Debian Wheezy. Basically
2338 this is an updated and slightly improved version compared to the
2339 Squeeze release.</p>
2340
2341 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
2342
2343 <ul>
2344
2345 <li>Iceweasel was updated from 10 to 17. (DSA 2699-1)
2346 <li>Updated libxv (DSA-2674), libxvmc (DSA-2675), libxfixes (DSA-2676), libxrender (DSA-2677), mesa (DSA-2678), xserver-xorg-video-openchrome (DSA-2679), libxt (DSA-2680), libxcursor (DSA-2681), libxext (DSA-2682), libxi (DSA-2683), libxrandr (DSA-2684), libxp (DSA-2685), libxcb (DSA-2686), libfs (DSA-2687), libxres (DSA-2688), libxtst (DSA-2689), libxxf86dga (DSA-2690), libxinerama (DSA-2691), libxxf86vm (DSA-2692), libx11 (DSA-2693), chromium-browser (DSA-2695), gnutls26 (DSA-2697), wireshark (DSA-2700), krb5 (DSA-2701), telepathy-gabble (DSA-2702) and subversion (DSA-2703).
2347 <li>Switched xrdp on thin client servers to use tightvncserver instead of xvnc4.
2348 <li>Now install software oscilloscope xoscope by default.
2349 <li>Now install music tools gtick, lingot and pianobooster by default.
2350
2351 </ul>
2352
2353 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
2354
2355 <ul>
2356
2357 <li>The subnet-change script is now able to change all files needing a change on the main-server when changing the IP network used.
2358 <li>Updated translation of the installation.
2359 <li>New Romanian translation.
2360 <li>Fix security problem causing root and first user password to no longer show up in /var/cache/debconf/templates.dat.
2361 <li>Fix roaming workstation setup (Closed in libpam-mklocaluser/0.8, libpam-mklocaluser/0.8~deb7u1: #706753: libpam-mklocaluser: Fail to create local user during first login).
2362 <li>Made roaming workstation setup more robust in non-Debian Edu environments.
2363 <li>New script debian-edu-bless to transform a Debian installation to a Debian Edu profile.
2364 <li>Adjust Iceweasel setup to improve performance when $HOME is on NFS.
2365 <li>More testsuite tests.
2366 <li>Make automatic proxy configuration more robust.
2367 <li>Adjust GOsa² GUI configuration.
2368
2369 <li>Update thin client and diskless workstation setup to work with
2370 LTSP in Wheezy.</li>
2371
2372 <li>Diskless workstations now run out of the box -- no need to set
2373 them up with GOsa².</li>
2374
2375 <li>Update IMAP server setup. </li>
2376
2377 <li>Fix login into Skolelinux Backup Tool (Closed in
2378 slbackup-php/0.4.4-1: #700257: slbackup-php: Fails to submit correctly
2379 entered password). </li>
2380
2381 </ul>
2382
2383 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
2384
2385 <ul>
2386
2387 <li>DVD binary and source images are not yet ready.</li>
2388
2389 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
2390 available yet (Open in gosa/2.7.4-4: #698840: gosa-plugin-ldapmanager:
2391 missing import feature).</li>
2392
2393 <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others). </li>
2394
2395 <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons (Closed: #502192: menu-xdg: invents
2396 own icon names instead of using existing). This will remain
2397 unfixed.</li>
2398
2399 </ul>
2400
2401 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
2402
2403 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
2404
2405 <ul>
2406
2407 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2408
2409 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso</a></li>
2410
2411 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu-7.0+edu0~a2-CD.iso .</li>
2412
2413 </ul>
2414
2415 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 27bbcace407743382f3c42c08dbe8178
2416 <br>The SHA1SUM of this image is: e35f7d7908566cd3075375b3721fa10ee420d419</p>
2417
2418 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
2419
2420 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a>
2421
2422       </div>
2423       <div class="tags">
2424
2425
2426         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2427
2428
2429       </div>
2430     </div>
2431     <div class="padding"></div>
2432
2433     <div class="entry">
2434       <div class="title">
2435         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_there_a_PHP_expert_in_the_building___Debian_Edu_need_help_.html">Is there a PHP expert in the building?  Debian Edu need help!</a>
2436       </div>
2437       <div class="date">
2438          5th June 2013
2439       </div>
2440       <div class="body">
2441         <p>Here is a call for help from the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project.
2442 We have two problems blocking the release of the Wheezy version we
2443 hope to get released soon.  The two problems require some with PHP
2444 skills, and we seem to lack anyone with both time and PHP skills in
2445 the project:
2446
2447 <ol>
2448
2449 <li>It is impossible to log into the slbackup web interface
2450   (slbackup-php) using the root user and password.  This is
2451   <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">BTS report #700257</a>.
2452   This used to work, but stopped working some time since Squeeze.
2453   Perhaps some obsolete PHP feature was used?</li>
2454
2455 <li>It is not possible to "mass import" user lists in Gosa, neither
2456   using ldif nor using CSV files.  The feature was disabled after a
2457   major rewrite of Gosa, and need to be ported to the new system.
2458   This is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">BTS report
2459   #698840</a>.</li>
2460
2461 </ol>
2462
2463 <p>If you can help us, please join us on IRC
2464 (<a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu on
2465 irc.debian.org</a>) and provide patches via the BTS.</p>
2466
2467       </div>
2468       <div class="tags">
2469
2470
2471         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2472
2473
2474       </div>
2475     </div>
2476     <div class="padding"></div>
2477
2478     <div class="entry">
2479       <div class="title">
2480         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__C_dric_Boutillier.html">Debian Edu interview: Cédric Boutillier</a>
2481       </div>
2482       <div class="date">
2483          4th June 2013
2484       </div>
2485       <div class="body">
2486         <p>It has been a while since my last English
2487 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
2488 interview last November.  But the developers and translators are still
2489 pulling along to get the Wheezy based release out the door, and this
2490 time I managed to get an interview from one of the French translators
2491 in the project, Cédric Boutillier.</p>
2492
2493 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
2494
2495 <p>I am 34 year old. I live near Paris, France. I am an assistant
2496 professor in probability theory. I spend my daytime teaching
2497 mathematics at the university and doing fundamental research in
2498 probability in connexion with combinatorics and statistical physics.</p>
2499
2500 <p>I have been involved in the Debian project for a couple of years
2501 and became Debian Developer a few months ago. I am working on Ruby
2502 packaging, publicity and translation.</p>
2503
2504 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
2505 project?</strong></p>
2506
2507 <p>I came to the Debian Edu project after a call for translation of
2508 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals">the
2509 Debian Edu manual</a> for the release of Debian Edu Squeeze. Since
2510 then, I have been working on updating the French translation of the
2511 manual.
2512
2513 <p>I had the opportunity to make an installation of Debian Edu in a
2514 virtual machine when I was preparing localised version of some screen
2515 shots for the manual. I was amazed to see it worked out of the box and
2516 how comprehensive the list of software installed by default was.</p>
2517
2518 <p>What amazed me was the complete network infrastructure directly
2519 ready to use, which can and the nice administration interface provided
2520 by <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa²</a>.  What pleased
2521 me also was the fact that among the software installed by default,
2522 there were many "traditional" educative software to learn languages,
2523 to count, to program... but also software to develop creativity and
2524 artistic skills with music (<a href="http://ardour.org/">Ardour</a>,
2525 <a href="http://audacity.sourceforge.net/">Audacity</a>) and
2526 movies/animation (I was especially thinking of
2527 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.sourceforge.net/">Stopmotion</a>).</p>
2528
2529 <p>I am following the development of Debian Edu and am hanging out on
2530 <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">#debian-edu</a>.
2531 Unfortunately, I don't much time to get more involved in this
2532 beautiful project.</p>
2533
2534 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2535 Edu?</strong></p>
2536
2537 <p>For me, the main advantages of Skolelinux/Debian Edu are its
2538 community of experts and its precise documentation, as well as the
2539 fact that it provides a solution ready to use.</p>
2540
2541 <p>I would add also the fact that it is based on the rock solid Debian
2542 distribution, which ensures stability and provides a huge collection
2543 of educational free software.</p>
2544
2545 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
2546 Edu?</strong></p>
2547
2548 <p>Maybe the lack of manpower to do lobbying on the
2549 project. Sometimes, people who need to take decisions concerning IT do
2550 not have all the elements to evaluate properly free software
2551 solutions. The fact that support by a company may be difficult to find
2552 is probably a problem if the school does not have IT personnel.</p>
2553
2554 <p>One can find support from a company by looking at
2555 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">the
2556 wiki dokumentation</a>, where some countries already have a number of
2557 companies providing support for Debian Edu, like Germany or
2558 Norway. This list is easy to find readily from the manual. However,
2559 for other countries, like France, the list is empty. I guess that
2560 consultants proposing support for Debian would be able to provide some
2561 support for Debian Edu as well.</p>
2562
2563 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
2564
2565 <p>I am using the KDE Plasma Desktop. But the pieces of software I use
2566 most runs in a terminal: Mutt and OfflineIMAP for emails, latex for
2567 scientific documents, mpd for music. VIM is my editor of choice.  I am
2568 also using the mathematical software
2569 <a href="http://www.scilab.org/en/scilab/about‎">Scilab</a> and
2570 <a href="http://www.sagemath.org/index.html‎">Sage</a> (built from
2571 source as not completely packaged for Debian, yet).
2572
2573 <p><strong>Do you have any suggestions for teachers interested in
2574 using the free software in Debian to teach mathematics and
2575 statistics?</strong></p>
2576
2577 <p>I do not have any "nice" recommendations for statistics. At our
2578 university, we use both <a href="http://www.r-project.org/‎">R</a> and
2579 Scilab to teach statistics and probabilistic simulations. For
2580 geometry, there are nice programs:</p>
2581
2582 <ul>
2583
2584 <li><a href="http://www.drgeo.eu/">drgeo</a> and
2585 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/kig‎">kig</a> to do
2586 constructions in planar geometry
2587
2588 <li><a href="http://www.geom.uiuc.edu/software/download/kali.html">kali</a>
2589 to discover symmetry groups (the so-called wallpapers and frieze
2590 groups), although the interface looks a bit old.</li>
2591
2592 </ul>
2593
2594 <p>I like also
2595 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/applications/all/cantor">cantor</a>, which
2596 provides a uniform interface to SciLab, Sage,
2597 <a href="http://directory.fsf.org/wiki/Octave‎">Octave</a>, etc...</p>
2598
2599 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
2600 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
2601
2602 <p>My suggestions would be to</p>
2603
2604 <ul>
2605
2606 <li>advertise the reduction of costs when free software is used.</li>
2607
2608 <li>communicate about the quality of free software projects, using
2609     well known examples like Firefox, ThunderBird and
2610     OpenOffice.org/LibreOffice.</li>
2611
2612 <li>advertise the living and strong community around the project.</li>
2613
2614 <li>show that it is not more difficult to use than any other
2615     system.</li>
2616
2617 </ul>
2618
2619       </div>
2620       <div class="tags">
2621
2622
2623         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
2624
2625
2626       </div>
2627     </div>
2628     <div class="padding"></div>
2629
2630     <div class="entry">
2631       <div class="title">
2632         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Educational_applications_included_in_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux__the_screenshot_collection____.html">Educational applications included in Debian Edu / Skolelinux (the screenshot collection :-)</a>
2633       </div>
2634       <div class="date">
2635          1st June 2013
2636       </div>
2637       <div class="body">
2638         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
2639 Skolelinux</a>, there are quite a lot of educational software.
2640 Created to help teachers teach, and pupils learn.  We have tried to
2641 tag them all using debtags use::learning and role::program, and using
2642 the debtags I was happy to be able to create a collage of the
2643 educational software packages installed by default, sorted by the
2644 debtag field.  Here it is.  Click on a image to learn more about the
2645 program.</p>
2646
2647 <!-- for f in $(debtags tagcat|grep field::|awk '{print $2}'); do   echo; echo "<p><strong>$f</strong></p>"; echo "<p>";   (     for p in $(debtags search --names "use::learning && interface::x11 && role::program && $f"); do img="<img src='http://screenshots.debian.net/thumbnail/$p' alt='$p'>"; if dpkg -s $p > /dev/null 2>&1; then           echo "<a href='http://packages.qa.debian.org/$p'>$img</a>"; fi;     done;   ) | LANG=C sort; echo "</p>"; done -->
2648
2649 <p><strong>field::arts</strong></p>
2650 <p>
2651 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=audacity'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/audacity.png' alt='audacity'></a>
2652 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2653 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=denemo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/denemo.png' alt='denemo'></a>
2654 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=freebirth'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/freebirth.png' alt='freebirth'></a>
2655 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2656 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gimp'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gimp.png' alt='gimp'></a>
2657 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=hydrogen'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/hydrogen.png' alt='hydrogen'></a>
2658 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lilypond'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lilypond.png' alt='lilypond'></a>
2659 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=lmms'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/lmms.png' alt='lmms'></a>
2660 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rosegarden'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rosegarden.png' alt='rosegarden'></a>
2661 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scribus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scribus.png' alt='scribus'></a>
2662 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=solfege'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/solfege.png' alt='solfege'></a>
2663 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stopmotion'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stopmotion.png' alt='stopmotion'></a>
2664 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxpaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxpaint.png' alt='tuxpaint'></a>
2665 </p>
2666
2667 <p><strong>field::astronomy</strong></p>
2668 <p>
2669 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=celestia-gnome'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/celestia-gnome.png' alt='celestia-gnome'></a>
2670 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpredict'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gpredict.png' alt='gpredict'></a>
2671 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kstars'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kstars.png' alt='kstars'></a>
2672 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=planets'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/planets.png' alt='planets'></a>
2673 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=stellarium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/stellarium.png' alt='stellarium'></a>
2674 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
2675 </p>
2676
2677 <p><strong>field::biology:structural</strong></p>
2678 <p>
2679 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
2680 </p>
2681
2682 <p><strong>field::chemistry</strong></p>
2683 <p>
2684 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=atomix'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/atomix.png' alt='atomix'></a>
2685 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=chemtool'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/chemtool.png' alt='chemtool'></a>
2686 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=easychem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/easychem.png' alt='easychem'></a>
2687 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gchempaint'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gchempaint.png' alt='gchempaint'></a>
2688 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gdis'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gdis.png' alt='gdis'></a>
2689 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ghemical'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ghemical.png' alt='ghemical'></a>
2690 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gperiodic'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gperiodic.png' alt='gperiodic'></a>
2691 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalzium'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalzium.png' alt='kalzium'></a>
2692 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=pymol'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/pymol.png' alt='pymol'></a>
2693 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=viewmol'>[viewmol]</a>
2694 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xdrawchem'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xdrawchem.png' alt='xdrawchem'></a>
2695 </p>
2696
2697 <p><strong>field::electronics</strong></p>
2698 <p>
2699 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2700 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gpsim'>[gpsim]</a>
2701 </p>
2702
2703 <p><strong>field::geography</strong></p>
2704 <p>
2705 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kgeography'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kgeography.png' alt='kgeography'></a>
2706 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=marble'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/marble.png' alt='marble'></a>
2707 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xplanet'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xplanet.png' alt='xplanet'></a>
2708 </p>
2709
2710 <p><strong>field::linguistics</strong></p>
2711 <p>
2712 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2713 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kanagram'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kanagram.png' alt='kanagram'></a>
2714 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=khangman'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/khangman.png' alt='khangman'></a>
2715 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=klettres'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/klettres.png' alt='klettres'></a>
2716 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=parley'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/parley.png' alt='parley'></a>
2717 </p>
2718
2719 <p><strong>field::mathematics</strong></p>
2720 <p>
2721 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2722 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=drgeo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/drgeo.png' alt='drgeo'></a>
2723 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2724 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geogebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/geogebra.png' alt='geogebra'></a>
2725 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=geomview'>[geomview]</a>
2726 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=grace'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/grace.png' alt='grace'></a>
2727 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphmonkey'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphmonkey.png' alt='graphmonkey'></a>
2728 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=graphthing'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/graphthing.png' alt='graphthing'></a>
2729 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kalgebra'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kalgebra.png' alt='kalgebra'></a>
2730 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kbruch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kbruch.png' alt='kbruch'></a>
2731 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kig'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kig.png' alt='kig'></a>
2732 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=kmplot'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/kmplot.png' alt='kmplot'></a>
2733 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=mathwar'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/mathwar.png' alt='mathwar'></a>
2734 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=rocs'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/rocs.png' alt='rocs'></a>
2735 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
2736 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=tuxmath'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/tuxmath.png' alt='tuxmath'></a>
2737 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=xabacus'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/xabacus.png' alt='xabacus'></a>
2738 </p>
2739
2740 <p><strong>field::physics</strong></p>
2741 <p>
2742 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2743 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=step'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/step.png' alt='step'></a>
2744 </p>
2745
2746 <p><strong>field::TODO</strong></p>
2747 <p>
2748 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=blinken'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/blinken.png' alt='blinken'></a>
2749 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=cgoban'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/cgoban.png' alt='cgoban'></a>
2750 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=childsplay'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/childsplay.png' alt='childsplay'></a>
2751 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gcompris'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gcompris.png' alt='gcompris'></a>
2752 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnuchess'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnuchess.png' alt='gnuchess'></a>
2753 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gnugo'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gnugo.png' alt='gnugo'></a>
2754 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=gtans'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/gtans.png' alt='gtans'></a>
2755 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=ktouch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/ktouch.png' alt='ktouch'></a>
2756 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=librecad'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/librecad.png' alt='librecad'></a>
2757 <a href='http://packages.debian.org/search?searchon=names&exact=1&suite=all&section=all&keywords=scratch'><img src='http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-06-01-debian-edu-apps/scratch.png' alt='scratch'></a>
2758 </p>
2759
2760 <p>In total, 61 applications.  3 of them lacked screen shots on
2761 <a href="http://screenshot.debian.net">screenshot.debian.net</a>.  If
2762 you know of some packages we should install by default, please let us
2763 know on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu
2764 on irc.debian.org</a>, or our
2765 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">mailing list
2766 debian-edu@</a>.</p>
2767
2768       </div>
2769       <div class="tags">
2770
2771
2772         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2773
2774
2775       </div>
2776     </div>
2777     <div class="padding"></div>
2778
2779     <div class="entry">
2780       <div class="title">
2781         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Nirosan_Thiyagalingam.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Nirosan Thiyagalingam</a>
2782       </div>
2783       <div class="date">
2784         24th May 2013
2785       </div>
2786       <div class="body">
2787         <p>En ting
2788 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a> har
2789 hatt mye glede av er studentprosjekter.  F.eks.  er
2790 <a href="http://linuxstopmotion.org/">stillbildeanimasjonssystemet
2791 Stopmotion</a> resultat av et studentprosjekt i Skolelinux.  De siste
2792 månedene har en ivrig student veiledet av Marius Kotsbak i
2793 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRiSK</a> testet hva en
2794 kan få til med en datamaskin til NOK 400,- (antagelig 1700,- med
2795 skjerm, tastatur og mus) når det brukes i Skolelinux.  Jeg spurte han
2796 om et intervju.</p>
2797
2798 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
2799
2800 <p>Jeg heter Nirosan Thiyagalingam. Jeg er 24 år og studerer
2801 dataingeniør studiet ved Høgskolen i Sør Trøndelag. Interessen for
2802 data har siden ung alder vært tilstede og jeg har i tillegg alltid
2803 vært glad i å lære nye ting. Med teknologi som endres svært hurtig er
2804 det alltid noe nytt å lære.  Noe som igjen har gjort det svært
2805 interessant å følge med på utviklingen.  Jeg valgte dataingeniør
2806 studiet grunnet ønske om å lære enda mer om programmering og utvikling
2807 av store systemer.</p>
2808
2809 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
2810
2811 <p>Skolelinux prosjektet hørte jeg først om i media. Men det var først
2812 når jeg skulle velge bacheloroppgave at jeg fattet mer interesse for
2813 prosjektet. Et enkelt søk på nettet førte meg til skolelinux sine
2814 hjemmesider.  Informasjonen jeg fant der gjorde meg enda nysgjerrig og
2815 jeg valgte derfor en oppgave som gikk ut på å få en
2816 <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry PI</a>.  Altså en
2817 ultra-billig datamaskin til å kjøre Debian Edu på lik linje med
2818 vanlige datamaskiner. I løpet av prosjektet ble det gjort mye
2819 forskning på nettet. Det var mye jeg måtte forstå rundt hvordan
2820 operativsystemet Linux fungerte før jeg kunne angripe
2821 problemet. Prøvde først å finne ut hvordan man kunne transformere en
2822 vanlig installasjon av Skolelinux til Raspberry PI, men dette var
2823 altfor vanskelig å jeg endte opp med mer spørsmål enn svar. Det ble
2824 videre opprettet kontakt med Skolelinux utviklere på IRC der jeg fikk
2825 diskutert hvilken retning jeg burde gå for å få til en fullverdig
2826 løsning. Det ble bestemt at jeg skulle gå for å først installere
2827 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/">Raspian</a>. Dette er et
2828 operativsystem basert på Debian spesiallaget for Raspberry Pi sin
2829 maskinvare. Nå som Debian var installert på datamaskinen gjenstod det
2830 å installere de nødvendige Skolelinux pakkene for å få til et
2831 fullverdig system. Disse pakkene ble installert manuelt i første
2832 omgang, men ble senere installert automatisk via et script som Petter
2833 Reinholdtsen laget. Dette scriptet er så enkel å bruke at man er i
2834 gang med installasjonen i løpet av bare 5 minutter. Ikke nok med det,
2835 alt skjer helt automatisk. Alt i alt er jeg veldig fornøyd med
2836 resultatet av installasjonsprosessen. Raspberry Pi er en veldig svak
2837 maskin og det merkes godt når man har installert Skolelinux på
2838 den. Video og 3D-rendering fungerer utrolig dårlig, men nettsurfing og
2839 kontorprogrammer fungerer godt.  Det kan derfor konkluderes med at
2840 datamaskinen er egnet for enkle oppgaver.
2841
2842 <p>Jeg syns det er viktig påpeke at dette kun er startfasen av en slik
2843 løsning. På markedet finnes det nå maskiner som har bedre hardware enn
2844 Raspberry Pi. Det er store muligheter for at man kan klare å
2845 installere Skolelinux på disse også, og da forsvinner nok mest
2846 sannsynlig ytelsesproblemene med Video og 3D rendering også.</p>
2847
2848 <p>Det ble også prøvd med en løsning som gjorde at Raspberry Pi
2849 fungerte som en tynnklient. Denne løsningen hadde langt bedre ytelse
2850 med tanke på hastighet og brukeropplevelse. Men også her var video og
2851 3D rendering dårlig. Det ble brukt en liten Linux distribusjon kalt
2852 <a href="http://www.berryterminal.com/">BerryTerminal</a> for å få til
2853 dette.</p>
2854
2855 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2856
2857 <p>Fordelen med Skolelinux er mange. At det er gratis er en stor
2858 fordel, men at det er så mange som er med på å utvikle det og
2859 vedlikeholde det er en enda større fordel. Allerede før jeg startet
2860 med prosjektet så jeg mange fordeler, og når jeg nærmet meg sluttfasen
2861 så jeg langt flere. At prosjektet skulle inneha en så høy kvalitet
2862 hadde jeg aldri trodd. En vanlig Skolelinux installasjon har de
2863 nødvendige programmene og funksjonen som både små og store skoler i
2864 tillegg til organisasjoner kan klare seg med.  At prosjektet tilbyr en
2865 så komplett løsning er en kjempefordel.  Installasjonen er knirkefri
2866 og det er svært enkelt å installere og komme i gang.</p>
2867
2868 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
2869
2870 <p>Ulempene jeg ser med prosjektet er ryddigheten av websidene. Selv
2871 om websidene er enkle og konsise er det allikevel ikke appellerende i
2872 like stor grad som for eksempel
2873 <a href="http://www.ubuntu.com">Ubuntu</a> sine sider.  Deres side
2874 tilbyr, i tillegg til godt design og presentasjon, en nettbasert
2875 emulator av deres operativsystem. Dette er en stor fordel slik jeg ser
2876 det.  Bortsett fra dette ser jeg absolutt ingen ulemper med
2877 Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
2878
2879 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
2880
2881 <p>Til daglig er jeg en flittig bruker av det åpne media
2882 sentersystemet <a href="http://xbmc.org/">XBMC</a>. Det enorme
2883 samfunnet rundt dette prosjektet har gjort dette til et program som
2884 dekker alles behov. Man kan tilpasse det akkurat slik man vil både med
2885 tanke på utseende og funksjoner ved installere plug-ins eller
2886 scripts.</p>
2887
2888 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
2889 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
2890
2891 <p>Strategien som burde brukes sett fra mine øyne er
2892 markedsføring. Jeg er sikker på at om flere skoler fikk et lite innsyn
2893 i hvor bra Skolelinux er så ville de ikke nølt med å gå over fra noe
2894 annet som koster de store summer. At skolelinux til de grader tilbyr
2895 en så komplett løsning bure komme frem. Enten via reklamekampanjer
2896 eller ved å sende ut folk til skoler for så å la skolenettverk
2897 ansvarlige få teste ut hvordan Skolelinux fungerer i praksis. Om det
2898 i tillegg ble utviklet gode websider og en emulator for å la brukere
2899 prøve operativsystemet ville nok dette ha styrket inntrykket
2900 betraktelig.</p>
2901
2902       </div>
2903       <div class="tags">
2904
2905
2906         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
2907
2908
2909       </div>
2910     </div>
2911     <div class="padding"></div>
2912
2913     <div class="entry">
2914       <div class="title">
2915         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_transform_a_Debian_based_system_to_a_Debian_Edu_installation.html">How to transform a Debian based system to a Debian Edu installation</a>
2916       </div>
2917       <div class="date">
2918         17th May 2013
2919       </div>
2920       <div class="body">
2921         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is
2922 an operating system based on Debian intended for use in schools.  It
2923 contain a turn-key solution for the computer network provided to
2924 pupils in the primary schools.  It provide both the central server,
2925 network boot servers and desktop environments with heaps of
2926 educational software.  The project was founded almost 12 years ago,
2927 2001-07-02.  If you want to support the project, which is in need for
2928 cash to fund developer gatherings and other project related activity,
2929 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">please
2930 donate some money</a>.
2931
2932 <p>A topic that come up again and again on the Debian Edu mailing
2933 lists and elsewhere, is the question on how to transform a Debian or
2934 Ubuntu installation into a Debian Edu installation.  It isn't very
2935 hard, and last week I wrote a script to replicate the steps done by
2936 the Debian Edu installer.</p>
2937
2938 <p>The script,
2939 <a href="http://anonscm.debian.org/viewvc/debian-edu/branches/wheezy/debian-edu-config/share/debian-edu-config/tools/debian-edu-bless?view=markup">debian-edu-bless<a/>
2940 in the debian-edu-config package, will go through these six steps and
2941 transform an existing Debian Wheezy or Ubuntu (untested) installation
2942 into a Debian Edu Workstation:</p>
2943
2944 <ol>
2945
2946 <li>Add skolelinux related APT sources.</li>
2947 <li>Create /etc/debian-edu/config with the wanted configuration.</li>
2948 <li>Install debian-edu-install to load preseeding values and pull in
2949     our configuration.</li>
2950 <li>Preseed debconf database with profile setup in
2951     /etc/debian-edu/config, and run tasksel to install packages
2952     according to the profile specified in the config above,
2953     overriding some of the Debian automation machinery.</li>
2954 <li>Run debian-edu-cfengine-D installation to configure everything
2955     that could not be done using preseeding.</li>
2956 <li>Ask for a reboot to enable all the configuration changes.</li>
2957
2958 </ol>
2959
2960 <p>There are some steps in the Debian Edu installation that can not be
2961 replicated like this.  Disk partitioning and LVM setup, for example.
2962 So this script just assume there is enough disk space to install all
2963 the needed packages.</p>
2964
2965 <p>The script was created to help a Debian Edu student working on
2966 setting up <a href="http://www.raspberrypi.org">Raspberry Pi</a> as a
2967 Debian Edu client, and using it he can take the existing
2968 <a href="http://www.raspbian.org/FrontPage‎">Raspbian</a> installation and
2969 transform it into a fully functioning Debian Edu Workstation (or
2970 Roaming Workstation, or whatever :).</p>
2971
2972 <p>The default setting in the script is to create a KDE Workstation.
2973 If a LXDE based Roaming workstation is wanted instead, modify the
2974 PROFILE and DESKTOP values at the top to look like this instead:</p>
2975
2976 <p><pre>
2977 PROFILE="Roaming-Workstation"
2978 DESKTOP="lxde"
2979 </pre></p>
2980
2981 <p>The script could even become useful to set up Debian Edu servers in
2982 the cloud, by starting with a virtual Debian installation at some
2983 virtual hosting service and setting up all the services on first
2984 boot.</p>
2985
2986       </div>
2987       <div class="tags">
2988
2989
2990         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
2991
2992
2993       </div>
2994     </div>
2995     <div class="padding"></div>
2996
2997     <div class="entry">
2998       <div class="title">
2999         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">Second alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3000       </div>
3001       <div class="date">
3002         14th May 2013
3003       </div>
3004       <div class="body">
3005         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux
3006 project</a> is making great progress and made its second Wheezy based
3007 release today.  This is the release announcement:</p>
3008
3009 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu 7.0.0 alpha1 released
3010 2013-05-14</strong></p>
3011
3012 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux 7.0.0 edu
3013 alpha1, based on <a href="http://www.debian.org">Debian</a> with
3014 codename "Wheezy".</p>
3015
3016 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3017
3018 <p>Debian Edu, also known as Skolelinux, is a Linux distribution based
3019 on Debian providing an out-of-the box environment of a completely
3020 configured school network. Immediatly after installation a school
3021 server running all services needed for a school network is set up just
3022 waiting for users and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable
3023 Web-UI. A netbooting environment is prepared using PXE, so after
3024 initial installation of the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all
3025 other machines can be installed via the network.</p>
3026
3027 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3028 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3029 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3030
3031 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3032 <ul>
3033   <li>Install freemind (0.9.0) by default, and stop installing vym by
3034     default.</li>
3035   <li>Install chromium (26.0.1410.43) by default.</li>
3036   <li>Install goplay (0.5-1.1) to make golearn available by default.</li>
3037   <li>Updated support for Japanese input methods, now based on
3038     ibus-anthy.</li>
3039 </ul>
3040
3041 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3042 <ul>
3043
3044   <li>Switched default file system from ext3 to ext4 for speed and
3045     reliability improvements.</li>
3046   <li>Got rid of unwanted winbind daemon and PAM setup activated because
3047     of <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706434">706434</a>.</li>
3048   <li>Extended and improved the testsuite tests to detect more possible
3049     problems.</li>
3050   <li>Corrected proxy handling to not set http_proxy to a bogus
3051     direct:// URL.</li>
3052   <li>Corrected proxy setup for diskless workstations.</li>
3053   <li>Corrected PXE setup to use our updated udebs during installation.</li>
3054   <li>Made installation handling of low entropy level more robust.</li>
3055   <li>Create larger partitions for Roaming workstations and Thin client
3056     servers, to make room for all the software installed.</li>
3057   <li>Fix bug in Roaming workstation PAM setup, making it impossible to
3058     log in (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/706753">706753</a>).</li>
3059 </ul>
3060
3061 <p><strong>Known issues</strong></p>
3062 <ul>
3063
3064   <li>IP resolution for the local hostname give useless IPv6 address
3065     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/705900">705900</a>).  Only install
3066     libnss-myhostname on roaming workstations until it is fixed.</li>
3067   <li>DVD images are not yet ready.</li>
3068   <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv)
3069     available yet (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/698840">698840</a>).</li>
3070   <li>Missing artwork for the KDE desktop (and probably a few others).</li>
3071   <li>KDE Debian submenu lacks icons.</li>
3072   <li>LXDE menu lacks entry for changing GOsa password
3073     (website). Installing gosa-desktop will be an option.</li>
3074   <li>Backup configuration via web interface is impossible due to
3075     password submission problem
3076     (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/700257">700257</a>).</li>
3077
3078 </ul>
3079
3080 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3081
3082 <p>To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use</p>
3083 <ul>
3084
3085   <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3086   <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</a></li>
3087   <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso debian-edu~7.0+edu0~a1-CD.iso</li>
3088
3089 </ul>
3090
3091 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: 685ed76c1aa8e44b12d3fde21faf450b</p>
3092
3093 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 6c874de157024da13e115bab29c068080a11ec4c</p>
3094
3095 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3096
3097 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3098
3099       </div>
3100       <div class="tags">
3101
3102
3103         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3104
3105
3106       </div>
3107     </div>
3108     <div class="padding"></div>
3109
3110     <div class="entry">
3111       <div class="title">
3112         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Narvik_sparer_minst_9_millioner_p____bruke_Skolelinux.html">Narvik sparer minst 9 millioner på å bruke Skolelinux</a>
3113       </div>
3114       <div class="date">
3115         10th May 2013
3116       </div>
3117       <div class="body">
3118         <p>I fjor sommer ble jeg
3119 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">gledelig
3120 overrasket</a> over et oppslag i avisen Fremover om Narvik kommunes
3121 bruk av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Oppslaget
3122 var basert på et notat som besvarte spørsmål fra ordfører Tor Nysæter
3123 og rådgiver for skolesektoren, Petter Falkbu, om bruken av Skolelinux
3124 i Narvikskolene og konstnaden ved å gå over til Windows.  For litt
3125 over en uke siden siden fikk jeg endelig bedt kommunen om å få innsyn
3126 i dette notatet, og det ble oversendt på epost tirsdag.  Jeg fikk
3127 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Narvik-kommune/2013-04-29-09:12-skolelinux-notat/PetterFalkbuogwindowsfornarvikskolen%20(L)351310.pdf">lagt
3128 ut notatet</a> samme dag, og fikk i dag sjekket postlista til Narvik,
3129 der jeg fant notatet som
3130 <a href="https://www.narvik.kommune.no/innsyn.aspx?response=arkivsak_detaljer&arkivsakid=2013001023&scripturi=/innsyn.aspx&skin=infolink&Mid1=301&">sak
3131 2013/1023</a>.</p>
3132
3133 <p>Notatet forteller at Narvik ville måtte betalt minst 9 millioner
3134 for å gå over til Windows på skolene.  I tillegg dokumenterer notatet
3135 at læreplanens krav oppfylles uten problemer ved bruk av Skolelinux.
3136 Jeg anbefaler alle å lese de 10 sidene med gode argumenter for å kutte
3137 unødige utgifter på IT i skoleverket. :)</p>
3138
3139       </div>
3140       <div class="tags">
3141
3142
3143         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3144
3145
3146       </div>
3147     </div>
3148     <div class="padding"></div>
3149
3150     <div class="entry">
3151       <div class="title">
3152         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Wheezy_is_out___and_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_should_soon_follow___newinwheezy.html">Debian Wheezy is out - and Debian Edu / Skolelinux should soon follow! #newinwheezy</a>
3153       </div>
3154       <div class="date">
3155          5th May 2013
3156       </div>
3157       <div class="body">
3158         <p>When I woke up this morning, I was very happy to see that the
3159 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2013/20130504">release announcement
3160 for Debian Wheezy</a> was waiting in my mail box.  This is a great
3161 Debian release, and I expect to move my machines at home over to it fairly
3162 soon.</p>
3163
3164 <p>The new debian release contain heaps of new stuff, and one program
3165 in particular make me very happy to see included.  The
3166 <a href="http://scratch.mit.edu/">Scratch</a> program, made famous by
3167 the <a href="http://www.code.org/">Teach kids code</a> movement, is
3168 included for the first time.  Alongside similar programs like
3169 <a href="http://edu.kde.org/kturtle/">kturtle</a> and
3170 <a href="http://wiki.sugarlabs.org/go/Activities/Turtle_Art">turtleart</a>,
3171 it allow for visual programming where syntax errors can not happen,
3172 and a friendly programming environment for learning to control the
3173 computer.  Scratch will also be included in the next release of Debian
3174 Edu.</a>
3175
3176 <p>And now that Wheezy is wrapped up, we can wrap up the next Debian
3177 Edu/Skolelinux release too.  The
3178 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/2013/04/msg00132.html">first
3179 alpha release</a> went out last week, and the next should soon
3180 follow.<p>
3181
3182       </div>
3183       <div class="tags">
3184
3185
3186         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3187
3188
3189       </div>
3190     </div>
3191     <div class="padding"></div>
3192
3193     <div class="entry">
3194       <div class="title">
3195         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_alpha_release_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Debian_Wheezy.html">First alpha release of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Debian Wheezy</a>
3196       </div>
3197       <div class="date">
3198         26th April 2013
3199       </div>
3200       <div class="body">
3201         <p>The Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is still going strong and made
3202 its first Wheezy based release today.  This is the release
3203 announcement:</p>
3204
3205 <p><strong>New features for Debian Edu ~7.0.0 alpha0 released
3206 2013-04-26</strong></p>
3207
3208 <p>This is the release notes for for Debian Edu / Skolelinux ~7.0.0
3209 edu alpha0, based on Debian with codename "Wheezy".</p>
3210
3211 <p><strong>About Debian Edu and Skolelinux</strong></p>
3212
3213 <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu, also known as
3214 Skolelinux</a>, is a Linux distribution based on Debian providing an
3215 out-of-the box environment of a completely configured school
3216 network. Immediatly after installation a school server running all
3217 services needed for a school network is set up just waiting for users
3218 and machines being added via GOsa², a comfortable Web-UI. A netbooting
3219 environment is prepared using PXE, so after initial installation of
3220 the main server from CD, DVD or USB stick all other machines can be
3221 installed via the network.</p>
3222
3223 <p>This is the first test release based on Wheezy (which currently is
3224 not released yet). Basically this is an updated and slightly improved
3225 version compared to the Squeeze release.</p>
3226
3227 <p><strong>Software updates</strong></p>
3228
3229 <ul>
3230 <li>Everything which is new in Debian Wheezy, eg:
3231   <ul>
3232      <li>Linux kernel 3.2.x</li>
3233      <li>Desktop environments KDE "Plasma" 4.8.4, GNOME 3.4, and LXDE 4
3234          (KDE is installed by default; to choose GNOME or LXDE: see
3235          manual.)</li>
3236      <li>Web browser Iceweasel 10 ESR</li>
3237      <li>LibreOffice 3.5.4</li>
3238      <li>LTSP 5.4.2</li>
3239      <li>GOsa 2.7.4</li>
3240      <li>CUPS print system 1.5.3</li>
3241      <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 12.01</li>
3242      <li>Music creator Rosegarden 12.04</li>
3243      <li>Image editor Gimp 2.8.2</li>
3244      <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.1</li>
3245      <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.11.3</li>
3246      <li>Scratch visual programming environment 1.4.0.6</li>
3247      <li>New version of debian-installer from Debian Wheezy, see
3248          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation
3249          manual</a> for more details.</li>
3250      <li>Debian Wheezy includes about 37000 packages available for
3251          installation.</li>
3252      <li>More information about Debian Wheezy 7.0 is provided in the
3253          <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/releasenotes">release notes</a> and the <a href="http://www.debian.org/releases/wheezy/installmanual">installation manual</a>.</li>
3254   </ul></li>
3255 </ul>
3256
3257 <p><strong>Documentation</strong></p>
3258 <ul>
3259 <li>The (<a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Wheezy">English</a>) Debian Edu Wheezy Manual is fully translated to
3260     German, French, Italian and Danish. Partly translated versions exist
3261     for Norwegian Bokmal and Spanish.</li>
3262 </ul>
3263
3264 <p><Strong>LDAP related changes</strong></p>
3265 <ul>
3266 <li>Slight changes to some objects and acls to have more types to
3267     choose from when adding systems in GOsa. Now systems can be of type
3268     server, workstation, printer, terminal or netdevice.</li>
3269 </ul>
3270
3271 <p><strong>Other changes</strong></p>
3272 <ul>
3273 <li>LTSP clients start as diskless workstation / thin client can be
3274     configured via command line argument -- or individually adding an
3275     entry in lts.conf or LDAP.<li>
3276 <li>GOsa gui: Now some options that seemed to be available, but are non
3277     functional, are greyed out (or are not clickable). Some tabs are
3278     completely hidden to the end user, others even to the GOsa admin.</li>
3279 </ul>
3280
3281 <p><strong>Regressions</strong></p>
3282 <ul>
3283 <li>No mass import of user account data in GOsa (ldif or csv) available
3284     yet.</li>
3285 </ul>
3286
3287 <p><strong>No updated artwork</strong></p>
3288
3289 <ul>
3290 <li>Updated artwork which is visible during installation, in the login
3291     screen and as desktop wallpaper is still missing or the same as we
3292     had for our Squeeze based release.</li>
3293 </ul>
3294
3295 <p><strong>Where to get it</strong></p>
3296
3297 To download the multiarch netinstall CD release you can use
3298 <ul>
3299 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3300 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</a></li>
3301 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/wheezy/</li>
3302 </ul>
3303
3304 <p>The MD5SUM of this image is: c5e773ddafdaa4f48c409c682f598b6c</p>
3305
3306 <p>The SHA1SUM of this image is: 25934fabb9b7d20235499a0a51f08ce6c54215f2</p>
3307
3308 <p><strong>How to report bugs</strong></p>
3309
3310 <p><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugs</a></p>
3311
3312       </div>
3313       <div class="tags">
3314
3315
3316         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3317
3318
3319       </div>
3320     </div>
3321     <div class="padding"></div>
3322
3323     <div class="entry">
3324       <div class="title">
3325         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_developer_gathering_in_2013_take_place_in_Trondheim.html">First Debian Edu / Skolelinux developer gathering in 2013 take place in Trondheim</a>
3326       </div>
3327       <div class="date">
3328         16th April 2013
3329       </div>
3330       <div class="body">
3331         <p>This years first <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux /
3332 Debian Edu</a> developer gathering take place the coming weekend in Trondheim.
3333 Details about the gathering can be found
3334 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2013-04-19-21-Trondheim">on
3335 the FRiSK wiki</a>.  The dates are 19-21th of April 2013, and online
3336 participation for those unable to make it in person is very welcome,
3337 and I plan to participate online myself as I could not leave Oslo this
3338 weekend.</p>
3339
3340 <p>The focus of the gathering is to work on the web pages and project
3341 infrastructure, and to continue the work on the Wheezy based Debian
3342 Edu release.</p>
3343
3344 <p>See you on <a href="irc://irc.debian.org/%23debian-edu">IRC, #debian-edu on irc.debian.org,</a> then?</p>
3345
3346       </div>
3347       <div class="tags">
3348
3349
3350         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3351
3352
3353       </div>
3354     </div>
3355     <div class="padding"></div>
3356
3357     <div class="entry">
3358       <div class="title">
3359         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_6_got_a_video_review_from_Pcwizz.html">Skolelinux 6 got a video review from Pcwizz</a>
3360       </div>
3361       <div class="date">
3362         17th March 2013
3363       </div>
3364       <div class="body">
3365         <p>Via
3366 <a href="https://twitter.com/pcwizz/status/313044373262716930">twitter</a>
3367 I just discovered that <a href="http://pcwizz.net/">Pcwizz</a> have
3368 done a <a href="http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wPzTZ61Pcuc">video
3369 review</a> on Youtube of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
3370 / Debian Edu</a> version 6.  He installed the standalone profile and
3371 the video show a walk-through of of the menu content, demonstration of
3372 a few programs and his view of our distribution.</p>
3373
3374 <p>There is also some really nice quotes (transcribed by me, might
3375 have heard wrong).  While looking thought the Graphics menu:</p>
3376
3377 <blockquote>
3378 "Basically everything you ever need in a school environment."
3379 </blockquote>
3380
3381 <p>And as a general evaluation of the entire distribution:</p>
3382
3383 <blockquote>
3384 "So, yeah, a bit bloated.  It kept all the Debian stuff in there, just
3385 to keep it nice and GNU.  So, I do not want to go on about it, but
3386 lets give it 7 out of 10.  I am not going to use it.  That is because
3387 I am not deploying a school network.  There may be some mythical
3388 feature to help you deploy Skolelinux on a school network."
3389 </blockquote>
3390
3391 <p>To bad he did not test the server profile, and discovered the PXE
3392 installation option.  It make it possible to install only the main
3393 server from CD, and the rest of the machines via the net, and might be
3394 considered the mythical feature he talk about. :)</p>
3395
3396 <p>While looking through the menus, there is also this funny comment
3397 about the part of the K menu generated from the Debian menu subsystem:
3398
3399 <blockquote>
3400 "[The K menu] have a special Debian section for software that no-one
3401 is going to look at, because it contain lots of junky stuff that you
3402 actually don't need in the education distribution, but have just been
3403 included because it isn't stripped out for some reason."
3404 </blockquote>
3405
3406 <p>I guess it is yet another argument for merging the Debian menu and
3407 Gnome/KDE desktop menu entries into
3408 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/Proposals/DebianMenuUsingDesktopEntries">one
3409 consistent menu system</a> instead of two incomplete and partly
3410 inconsistent menu systems.</p>
3411
3412 <p>The entire video is available below for those accepting iframe
3413 embedding:</p>
3414
3415 <iframe width="560" height="315" src="http://www.youtube.com/embed/wPzTZ61Pcuc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>
3416
3417       </div>
3418       <div class="tags">
3419
3420
3421         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
3422
3423
3424       </div>
3425     </div>
3426     <div class="padding"></div>
3427
3428     <div class="entry">
3429       <div class="title">
3430         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_update_released.html">First Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze update released</a>
3431       </div>
3432       <div class="date">
3433          8th March 2013
3434       </div>
3435       <div class="body">
3436         <p>Last Sunday, 2013-03-03,, Holger Levsen announced the first update
3437 of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3438 based on Debian Squeeze.  This is the first update since
3439 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
3440 initial release 2012-03-11</a>.  This is the
3441 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2013/03/msg00000.html">release
3442 announcement email from Holger</a>:</p>
3443
3444 <blockquote><p>Hi,</p>
3445
3446 <p>it's my pleasure to announce the immediate availability of Debian
3447 Edu 6.0.7+r1 ("Debian Edu Squeeze").</p>
3448
3449 <p>Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 is an incremental update to Debian Edu
3450 6.0.4+r0, containing all the changes between Debian 6.0.4 and 6.0.7 as
3451 well Debian Edu specific bugfixes and enhancements. See below (in this
3452 mail) for the full list of (edu) changes.  Please see
3453 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311">http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311</a>
3454 for more information on "Debian Edu Squeeze".</p>
3455
3456 <p>Images are available for download at
3457 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/</a></p>
3458
3459 <p>md5sums:
3460 <br>1fe79eb4f0f9ae1c58fc318e26cc1e2e  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3461 <br>a6ddd924a8bd9a1b5ca122e8fe1c34ec  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3462 <br>ac6c72cd7925ccec51bfbf58e2a7c69c  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3463
3464 <p>sha1sums:
3465 <br>a4b58233b672a99c7df8dc24fb6de3327654a5c3  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-CD.iso
3466 <br>9b524915e0ff2aa793f13d93123e5bd2bab2dbaa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-DVD.iso
3467 <br>43997614893fc5e9e59ad6ce066b05d07fd836fa  debian-edu-6.0.7+r1-source-DVD.iso</p>
3468
3469 <p>These images are suitable for amd64+i386.</p>
3470
3471 <p>Changes for Debian Edu 6.0.7+r1 Codename "Squeeze", released
3472 2013-03-03:</p>
3473
3474 <ul>
3475   <li>sitesummary was updated from 0.1.3 to 0.1.8
3476   <ul>
3477         <li>Make Nagios configuration more robust and efficient</li>
3478         <li>Comply with 3.X kernel</li>
3479   </ul></li>
3480   <li>debian-edu-doc from 1.4~20120310~6.0.4+r0 to 1.4~20130228~6.0.7+r1
3481   <ul>
3482         <li>Minor updates from the wiki</li>
3483         <li>Danish translation now complete</li>
3484   </ul></li>
3485   <li>debian-edu-config from 1.453 to 1.455
3486      <ul>
3487         <li>Fix /etc/hosts for LTSP diskless workstations. Closes: #699880</li>
3488         <li>Make ltsp_local_mount script work for multiple devices.</li>
3489         <li>Correct Kerberos user policy: don't expire password after 2 days.
3490                 Closes: #664596</li>
3491         <li>Handle '#' characters in the root or first users password.
3492                 Closes: #664976</li>
3493         <li>Fixes for gosa-sync:
3494            <ul>
3495                 <li>Don't fail if password contains "</li>
3496                 <li>Don't disclose new password string in syslog</li>
3497            </ul></li>
3498         <li>Fixes for gosa-create:
3499            <ul>
3500                 <li>Invalidate libnss cache before applying changes</li>
3501                 <li>Multiple failures during mass user import into GOsa²</li>
3502                 <li>gosa-netgroups plugin: don't erase entries of attribute type
3503                          "memberNisNetgroup". Closes: #687256</li>
3504                 <li>First user now uses the same Kerberos policy as all other users</li>
3505            </ul></li>
3506         <li>Add Danish web page</li>
3507     </ul>
3508   <li>debian-edu-install from 1.528 to 1.530
3509     <ul>
3510         <li>Improve preseeding support and documentation</li>
3511     </ul></li>
3512 </ul>
3513
3514 <p>End-user documentation in English is available at
3515 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/</a>
3516 - translations to French, Italian, Danish and German are available in
3517 the debian-edu-doc package. (Other languages could use your help!)</p>
3518
3519 <p>If you want to contribute to Debian Edu, please join our
3520 mailinglist
3521 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>!
3522 </p></blockquote>
3523
3524 <p>I am very happy to see the fruits of a year of hard work. :)</p>
3525
3526       </div>
3527       <div class="tags">
3528
3529
3530         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3531
3532
3533       </div>
3534     </div>
3535     <div class="padding"></div>
3536
3537     <div class="entry">
3538       <div class="title">
3539         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Helge_Tore_H_yland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Helge Tore Høyland</a>
3540       </div>
3541       <div class="date">
3542         22nd February 2013
3543       </div>
3544       <div class="body">
3545         <p>Etter en lang pause og travle uker har jeg endelig klart å få
3546 samlet et nytt intervju med en av folkene i
3547 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet.
3548 Denne gang er det Helge Tore Høyland, en mangeårig bidragsyter på
3549 epostlistene og ellers i prosjektet.</p>
3550
3551 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
3552
3553 <p>Eg er IT-konsulent/teknikker hjå eit firma i Steinkjer med navn
3554 <a href="http://unoit.no/">Uno IT</a>.  Uno IT er eit lite firma som
3555 drifter nettverk og maskiner for små og mellomstore firma
3556 Steinkjer-området. Per dags dato er me 2 ansatte. Min faglege bakgrunn
3557 er Fagbrev som it-teknikker, samt nokre fag innen nettverk- og
3558 server-drift frå HiST og NTNU. Dagleg arbeid består i oppsett av nye
3559 maskiner og hjelp til sluttbrukere, samt oppsett og vedlikehold av eit
3560 vidt spekter av fagsystemer ute hjå kunder. Erfaring med Skolelinux
3561 har eg hatt i forbindelse med drifting av
3562 <a href="http://www.bjorkly.no/">Bjørkly skule</a>, ein privat
3563 grunnskule i Namsos-området.  I dag har skulen 65 elever, 15 lærere, 1
3564 hovedserver og ca 60 klienter som kjører halvtjukt.  Eg har bygd og
3565 driftet systemet sidan summaren 2006.</p>
3566
3567 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
3568
3569 <p>Eg kom i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet via ein artikkel i eit
3570 fagblad, som eg ikkje lenger hugsar namnet på.  I og med at eg allereie
3571 hadde pusla med nettverk for ein annan skule, fatta eg straks
3572 interesse for prosjektet.</p>
3573
3574 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3575
3576 <p>Fordelane med Skolelinux er sentralisert administrasjon og svært
3577 mange gode verktøy «ut av boksen». Veldig kjekt å kunne drifte 60
3578 klientar med berre å «bry» seg med ein server. Levetid for systemets
3579 hardware er og ein veldig fin effekt. I tillegg kjem fordelar som økt
3580 sikkerhet og mindre lisenskostnader. Etter min erfaring er det og
3581 mykje mindre driftskostnader med eit slikt system enn konkurrerande
3582 system, pga enkelhet med sentralisert administrasjon. På grunn av at
3583 Skolelinux er basert på Debian er det òg svært stabilt.</p>
3584
3585 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
3586
3587 <p>Ulemper er mangel på vilje til å følge standarer ute i markedet,
3588 som fører til mangel på støtte til nokre mykje brukte ting. Flash og
3589 Java er typiske eksempel. Sidan Debian satsar på stabilitet framfor å
3590 ha nyeste pakke av eit program, kan ein i nokre tilfeller kome borti
3591 at program vert «for gamle». Det er spesielt nettlesaren som er
3592 utsett. Mangel på vilje til å utvikle pedagogisk programvare, i Noreg,
3593 for «alle» platformer fører òg til noko hovudbry.</p>
3594
3595 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
3596
3597 <p>Til dagleg bruker eg svært mange forskjellige «fri programvare»
3598 program.  Firefox, Thunderbird, Freecommander, ImgBurn, Clonezilla,
3599 OCS inventory, Icinga, Skolelinux, SystemRescueCD og mykje meir.</p>
3600
3601 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
3602 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
3603
3604 <p>Strategisk må ein fokusere på at sluttbruker eigentleg ikkje er så
3605 fokusert på at det er fri programvare men at det skal «berre fungere».
3606 Gjer det enkelt å bruker og ikkje minst å administrere. For Skolelinux
3607 sin del må ein få eit betre fokus på overganger. Utbytting av servere
3608 må gå meir automatisk, import og eksport av brukerbase og maskinbase
3609 med meir må kunne gå enkelt og oppgradering til neste versjon må bli
3610 mykje meir automatisk og gjennomtesta. Ein må unngå at ein må sette
3611 opp frå start når ein byter ut ein server eller oppgraderer til neste
3612 versjon. For å få Skolelinux til å bli eit betre alternativ for skular
3613 må ein ha fokus på nettlesaren. Denne må bli «up to date» og støtte
3614 dei protokollar og tillegg som vert brukt av forlag med meir.  Etter
3615 kvart som meir og meir blir flytta ut i «skya» vert dette viktigare og
3616 viktigare. Ein kunne ynskje og jobbe for at forlag med fleire tar i
3617 bruk opne standarer, men inntil det skjer, må systemet kunne brukast
3618 mot desse fagsystema.</p>
3619
3620 <p>For meg har prosjektet med Skolelinux vore ein svært artig og
3621 lærerik prosess. Miljøet rundt er ikkje enormt stort, dog stort nok,
3622 men det er svært hjelpevillig og engasjert.</p>
3623
3624       </div>
3625       <div class="tags">
3626
3627
3628         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3629
3630
3631       </div>
3632     </div>
3633     <div class="padding"></div>
3634
3635     <div class="entry">
3636       <div class="title">
3637         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_Christmas_present_for_Skolelinux___Debian_Edu.html">A Christmas present for Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3638       </div>
3639       <div class="date">
3640         28th December 2012
3641       </div>
3642       <div class="body">
3643         <p>I was happy to discover a few days ago that the
3644 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a>
3645 project also this year received a Christmas present from Another
3646 Agency in Trondheim.  NOK 1000,- showed up on our donation account
3647 December 24th.  I want to express our thanks for this very welcome
3648 present.  As the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project is very short on
3649 funding these days, and thus lack the money to do regular developer
3650 gatherings, this donation was most welcome.  One developer gathering
3651 cost around NOK 15&nbsp;000,-, so we need quite a lot more to keep the
3652 development pace we want.  Thus, I hope their example this year is
3653 followed by many others. :)</p>
3654
3655 <p>The public list of donors can be found on
3656 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html">the
3657 donation page</a> for the project, which also contain instructions if
3658 you want to donate to the project.</p>
3659
3660       </div>
3661       <div class="tags">
3662
3663
3664         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
3665
3666
3667       </div>
3668     </div>
3669     <div class="padding"></div>
3670
3671     <div class="entry">
3672       <div class="title">
3673         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ledger___double_entry_accounting_using_text_based_storage_format.html">Ledger - double-entry accounting using text based storage format</a>
3674       </div>
3675       <div class="date">
3676         18th December 2012
3677       </div>
3678       <div class="body">
3679         <p>A few days ago I came across
3680 <a href="http://joeyh.name/blog/entry/hledger/">a blog post from Joey
3681 Hess</a> describing <a href="http://ledger-cli.org/">ledger</a> and
3682 hledger, a text based system for double-entry accounting.  I found it
3683 interesting, as I am involved with several organizations where
3684 accounting is an issue, and I have not really become too friendly with
3685 the different web based systems we use.  I find it hard to find what I
3686 look for in the menus and even harder try to get sensible data out of
3687 the systems.  Ledger seem different.  The accounting data is kept in
3688 text files that can be stored in a version control system, and there
3689
3690 are at least <a href="https://github.com/ledger/ledger/wiki/Ports">five
3691 different implementations</a> able to read the format.  An example
3692 entry look like this, and is simple enough that it will be trivial to
3693 generate entries based on CVS files fetched from the bank:</p>
3694
3695 <blockquote><pre>
3696 2004-05-27 Book Store
3697       Expenses:Books                 $20.00
3698       Liabilities:Visa
3699 </pre></blockquote>
3700
3701 <p>The concept seemed interesting enough for me to check it out and
3702 look for others using it.  I found blog posts from
3703 <a href="http://blog.spang.cc/posts/hledger_rocks_my_world/">Christine
3704 Spang</a>,
3705 <a href="http://bugsplat.info/2010-05-23-keeping-finances-with-ledger.html">Pete
3706 Keen</a>,
3707 <a href="http://blog.andrewcantino.com/blog/2010/11/06/command-line-accounting-with-ledger-and-reckon/">Andrew
3708 Cantino</a> and
3709 <a href="http://blog.iphoting.com/blog/2012/11/29/command-line-double-entry-accounting/">Ronald
3710 Ip</a> describing how they use it, as well as a post from
3711 <a href="https://groups.google.com/forum/?fromgroups=#!topic/ledger-cli/r0oWjwbQ9Bo">Bradley
3712 M. Kuhn</a> at the Software Freedom Conservancy.  All seemed like good
3713 recommendations fitting my need.</p>
3714
3715 <p>The <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/l/ledger.html">ledger</a>
3716 package is available in Debian Squeeze, while the
3717 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/h/haskell-hledger.html">hledger</a>
3718 package only is available in Debian Sid.  As I use Squeeze, ledger
3719 seemed the best choice to get started.</p>
3720
3721 <p>To get some real data to test on, I wrote a
3722 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/tools/lodo2ledger">web scraper</a> for
3723 <a href="http://www.lodo.no/">LODO</a>, the accounting system used by
3724 the <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> association, and started to
3725 play with the data set.  I'm not really deeply into accounting, but I
3726 am able to get a simple balance and accounting status for example
3727 using the "<tt>ledger balance</tt>" command.  But I will have to
3728 gather more experience before I know if the ledger way is a good fit
3729 for the organisations I am involved in.</p>
3730
3731       </div>
3732       <div class="tags">
3733
3734
3735         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
3736
3737
3738       </div>
3739     </div>
3740     <div class="padding"></div>
3741
3742     <div class="entry">
3743       <div class="title">
3744         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Angela_Fu_.html">Debian Edu interview: Angela Fuß</a>
3745       </div>
3746       <div class="date">
3747         14th November 2012
3748       </div>
3749       <div class="body">
3750         <p>Here is another interview with one of the people in the <a
3751 href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
3752 community.  I am running short on people willing to be interviewed, so
3753 if you know about someone I should interview, Please send me an email.
3754 After asking for many months, I finally managed to lure another one of
3755 the people behind the German
3756 "<a href="http://wiki.it-zukunft-schule.de/">IT-Zukunft Schule</a>"
3757 project out from maternity leave to conduct an interview.  Give a warm
3758 welcome to Angela Fuß. :)</p>
3759
3760 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
3761
3762 <p>I am a 39-year-old woman living in the very north of Germany near
3763 Denmark. I live in a patchwork family with "my man" Mike Gabriel, my
3764 two daughters, Mikes daughter and Mikes and my rather newborn son.
3765
3766 <p>At the moment - because of our little baby - I am spending most of
3767 the day by being a caring and organising mom for all the kids.
3768 Besides that I am really involved into and occupied with several inner
3769 growth processes: New born souls always bring the whole familiar
3770 system into movement and that needs time and focus ;-).  We are also
3771 in the middle of buying a house and moving to it.</p>
3772
3773 <p>In 2013 I will work again in my job in a German foundation for
3774 nature conservation. I am doing public relation work there.  Besides
3775 that - and that is the connection to Skolelinux / Debian Edu - I am
3776 working in our own school project "IT-Zukunft Schule" in North
3777 Germany. I am responsible for the quality assurance, the customer
3778 relationship management and the communication processes in the
3779 project.</p>
3780
3781 <p>Since 2001 I constantly have been training myself in communication
3782 and leadership. Besides that I am a forester, a landscaping gardener
3783 and a yoga teacher.</p>
3784
3785 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu
3786 project?</strong></p>
3787
3788 <p>I fell in love with Mike ;-).</p>
3789
3790 <p>Very soon after getting to know him I was completely enrolled into
3791 Free Software.  At this time Mike did IT-services for one newly
3792 founded school in Kiel. Other schools in Kiel needed concepts for
3793 their IT environment.  Often when Mike came home from working at the
3794 newly founded school I found myself listening to his complaints about
3795 several points where the communication with the schools head or the
3796 teachers did not work.  So we were clear that he would not work for
3797 one more school if we did not set up a structure for communication
3798 between him, the schools head, the teachers, the students and the
3799 parents.</p>
3800
3801 <p>Together with our friend and hardware supplier Andreas Buchholz we
3802 started to get an overview of free software solutions suitable for
3803 schools. One day before Christmas 2010 Mike and I had a date with Kurt
3804 Gramlich in Gütersloh. As Kurt and I are really interested in building
3805 networks of people and in being in communication we dived into
3806 Skolelinux and brought it to the first grammar schools in Northern
3807 Germany.</p>
3808
3809 <p>For information about our school project you can read
3810 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">the
3811 interview with Mike Gabriel</a>.</p>
3812
3813 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3814 Edu?</strong></p>
3815
3816 <p>First I have to say: I cannot answer this question technically. My
3817 answer comes rather from a social point of view.</p>
3818
3819 <p>The biggest advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu I see is the large
3820 and strong international community of Debian Developers in the
3821 background which is very alive and connected over mailinglists, blogs
3822 and meetings. My constant feeling for the Debian Community is: If
3823 something does not work they will somehow fix it. All is well
3824 ;-). This is of course a user experience.  What I also get as a big
3825 advantage of Skolelinux / Debian Edu is that everybody who uses it and
3826 works with it can also contribute to it - that includes students,
3827 teachers, parents...</p>
3828
3829 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux / Debian
3830 Edu?</strong></p>
3831
3832 <p>I will answer this question relating to the internal structure of
3833 Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3834
3835 <p>What I see as a major disadvantage is that there is a gap between
3836 the group of developers for Debian Edu and the people who make the
3837 marketing, that means the people that bring Skolelinux to the
3838 schools. There is a lack of communication between these two groups and
3839 I think that does not really work for Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3840
3841 <p>Further I appreciate that Skolelinux / Debian Edu is known as a
3842 do-ocracy. Nevertheless I keep asking myself if at some points a
3843 democracy or some kind of hierarchical project structure would be good
3844 and helpful.  I am also missing some kind of contact between the
3845 Skolelinux / Debian Edu communities in Europe or on an international
3846 level. I think it would be good if there was more sharing between the
3847 different countries using Skolelinux / Debian Edu.</p>
3848
3849 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
3850
3851 <p>On my laptop I am still using an Ubuntu 10.04 with a Gnome Desktop
3852 on.  As applications I use Openoffice.org, Gedit, Firefox, Pidgin,
3853 LaTeX and GnuCash. For mails I am using Horde. And I am really fond of
3854 my N900 running with Maemo.</p>
3855
3856 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
3857 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
3858
3859 <p>I am really convinced that in our school project "IT-Zukunft
3860 Schule" we have developed (and keep developing) a great way to get
3861 schools to use Free Software. We have written a detailed concept for
3862 that so I cannot explain the whole thing here. But in a nutshell the
3863 strategy has three crucial pillars:</p>
3864
3865 <ul>
3866
3867 <li>We really take time to get what sort of stories, questions and
3868 concerns the schools head and the teachers have about using different
3869 kinds of IT and we take time to enrol them into Free Software.</li>
3870
3871 <li>Our solution for schools is never just technical. In the centre
3872 are always the people who are going to use the software. From the very
3873 beginning of the planning for a school, we tell the schools head that
3874 they are paying us not only for a technical solution for their school,
3875 they also pay us for leading all the communication processes
3876 needed. If they do not want that, we are not working with them because
3877 we cannot give a guarantee for the quality of our work then.</li>
3878
3879 <li>Another focus lies in the training of teachers and students in
3880 co-administrating the IT-System at their school. They start getting in
3881 contact with the Skolelinux / Debian Edu community and they get the
3882 offer to become more and more independent from us.</li>
3883
3884 </ul>
3885
3886       </div>
3887       <div class="tags">
3888
3889
3890         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
3891
3892
3893       </div>
3894     </div>
3895     <div class="padding"></div>
3896
3897     <div class="entry">
3898       <div class="title">
3899         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_noe_for_Ballangen___Leserinnlegg_til_avisen_Fremover_.html">Skolelinux noe for Ballangen? (Leserinnlegg til avisen Fremover)</a>
3900       </div>
3901       <div class="date">
3902         14th October 2012
3903       </div>
3904       <div class="body">
3905         <p>Tirsdag 2012-10-09 sendte jeg følgende leserinnlegg til avisen
3906 <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>, etter å ha vært nordpå
3907 noen dager og lest noen gamle aviser.  Publiserer den her i sin helhet
3908 for fremtidig referanse.  Fremover publiserer dessverre ikke
3909 leserinnlegg på nett.</p>
3910
3911 <blockquote>
3912 <p>To: redaksjon (at) fremover.no
3913 <br>Subject: Leserinnlegg til Fremover: Skolelinux noe for Ballangen?</p>
3914
3915 <p>Ærede redaktør</p>
3916
3917 <p>I sommer (2012-07-23) hadde Fremover et oppslag om at Narvik
3918 kommune hadde spart mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de siste årene på
3919 å bruke Skolelinux på sine skoler.  Harstad har også tatt i bruk
3920 Skolelinux på alle sine skoler.  Som tidligere Ballangsværing gledet
3921 det meg stort å se at skoleløsningen vi har utviklet siden 2001 tas i
3922 bruk i området der jeg vokste opp, og dermed bidrar til en bedre og
3923 billigere skolehverdag.</p>
3924
3925 <p>Skolelinux er en komplett IT-løsning for elevnettverket på en
3926 skole, med både nettverkstjenester og løsning for elevmaskiner med
3927 pedagogisk programvare, som tillater en å øke levetiden på en
3928 datamaskin i skolen med mange år.  En undersøkelse publisert i mars
3929 2012 viste at de 56 norske skolene som har offentliggjort at de bruker
3930 Skolelinux eller annen Linuxutgave hadde 36% større PC-tetthet enn
3931 landsgjennomsnittet, når en ser på tall rapportert til Grunnskolens
3932 Informasjonssystem.  I følge Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, IKT-konsulent i
3933 Nord-Odal, fungerer datamaskiner godt til de er 8 til 10 år gamle.</p>
3934
3935 <p>I høst (2012-09-29) fortalte Fremover hvordan Ballangen kommune har
3936 opparbeidet seg 20 millioner i underskudd og nok havner på Robek-lista
3937 fra nyttår.  Kanskje Ballangen også burde ta i bruk Skolelinux for å
3938 spare penger?  Hvis kommunen mangler kompetanse lokalt på Linux finnes
3939 det kommersielle selskaper som tilbyr driftstjenester rundt
3940 Skolelinux, og jeg bør vel avsløre at jeg selv er involvert i et av
3941 dem, Skolelinux Drift AS.  Kommunen kan dermed få hjelp hvis de ikke
3942 ønsker å bygge opp egen kompetanse.</p>
3943
3944 <p>Vennlig hilsen
3945 <br>Petter Reinholdtsen
3946 <br>Fri programvareutvikler</p>
3947
3948 <p>Referanser:</p>
3949
3950 <ul>
3951
3952 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html</a></li>
3953 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html</a></li>
3954
3955 </ul>
3956
3957 </blockquote>
3958
3959 <p>Innlegget ble så vidt jeg vet trykket i papirutgaven et par dager
3960 senere, men jeg har ikke sett det selv.</p>
3961
3962       </div>
3963       <div class="tags">
3964
3965
3966         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
3967
3968
3969       </div>
3970     </div>
3971     <div class="padding"></div>
3972
3973     <div class="entry">
3974       <div class="title">
3975         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trengs_flere_frivillige_til_korrektur_av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen.html">Trengs flere frivillige til korrektur av den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3976       </div>
3977       <div class="date">
3978         13th October 2012
3979       </div>
3980       <div class="body">
3981         <p><a href="http://no.speling.org/">Den frie norske stavekontrollen</a>
3982 består av ca. 1,3 millioner bokmåls- og nynorskord.  Det er mange
3983 kilder til ordene, f.eks. den norske ordbanken, norske nett-aviser,
3984 stavekontrollbrukere og korrekturlesere, og endel feil har sneket seg
3985 inn i databasen over ord.  For å finne og fikse feilene trengs det
3986 korrekturlesing.  Her kommer frivillige inn.</p>
3987
3988 <p>Hvis du vil bidra med korrektur av orddatabasen, kan du melde deg
3989 frivillig som bokmåls- eller nynorskkorrekturleser og få tilsendt en
3990 liten bunke ord på epost hver dag, lese over og sende inn på epost
3991 tilbake til korrekturlesing-systemet.  Jo flere som sjekker, jo
3992 raskere kommer vi igjennom hele databasen.  Så langt har vi oppdaget
3993 341 bokmålsord og 50 nynorskord som ikke skal vært med i databasen.
3994 Det er nok noen flere.  I tillegg har korrekturleserne oppdaget flere
3995 ord som manglet, og fått lagt dem inn i stavekontrollen.</p>
3996
3997 <p>Hvis du vil bidra, følg instruksene på
3998 <a href="http://no.speling.org/dokumentasjon.html">prosjektsidene</a>
3999
4000 for nye bidragsytere, og ta kontakt med Håvard eller epostlisten
4001 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-no">i18n-no</a>.
4002 Gode norskkunnskaper er en fordel, og vilje til å sjekke
4003 <a href="http://www.nob-ordbok.uio.no/perl/ordbok.cgi">ordboka</a> et
4004 krav!</p>
4005
4006       </div>
4007       <div class="tags">
4008
4009
4010         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4011
4012
4013       </div>
4014     </div>
4015     <div class="padding"></div>
4016
4017     <div class="entry">
4018       <div class="title">
4019         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Ny_utgave__v2_1__av_den_frie_norske_stavekontrollen_gitt_ut.html">Ny utgave (v2.1) av den frie norske stavekontrollen gitt ut</a>
4020       </div>
4021       <div class="date">
4022          2nd October 2012
4023       </div>
4024       <div class="body">
4025         <p>I helga fikk jeg endelig pakket sammen en ny versjon av den norske
4026 stavekontrollen, og gikk ut versjon 2.1 etter at det var gått fire og
4027 et halvt år siden sist.  I dag fikk vi sendt ut annonseringen.  Her er
4028 det vi sendte ut:</p>
4029
4030 <p>Oslo, 2012-10-02</p>
4031
4032 <p><strong>Pressemelding: Ny utgave av norsk stavekontroll med
4033 synonymordliste</strong></p>
4034
4035 <p>Mer enn fire år etter at forrige utgave av den frie norske
4036 stavekontrollen ble utgitt, er en ny og forbedret versjon klar. Dette er
4037 noe utviklerne er veldig glade for.</p>
4038
4039 <p>Den største endringen er at byggesystemet for stavekontrollen er
4040 skrevet om til å akseptere ord med bindestrek (f.eks. «e-post»). Litt
4041 over 10.000 slike ordformer er lagt til i orddatabasen. I tillegg er
4042 det kommet en del nye ord og rettelser rapportert inn av de frivillige
4043 som gjennomfører korrektur av orddatabasen i prosjektet. For å få
4044 fortgang i dette korrekturarbeidet er det fint med flere frivillige
4045 som kan bidra i prosjektet.</p>
4046
4047 <p><blockquote>
4048  - En god og fritt tilgjengelig stavekontroll er en viktig byggestein
4049    for å fremme bruken av korrekt norsk språk, sier prosjektdeltager
4050    Petter Reinholdtsen.
4051 </blockquote></p>
4052
4053 <p>Takket være samarbeidet med synonymordlisteprosjektet er
4054 synonymordlista for bokmål tilgjengelig sammen med ordlista for bokmål
4055 og nynorsk. En synonymordliste for nynorsk er også med, men den er på
4056 prøvestadiet og meget liten.</p>
4057
4058 <p>Stavekontrollpakken og synonymordlistene brukes i
4059 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org, Koffice, Mozilla Thunderbird, Firefox og
4060 en rekke andre programmer, og på både Windows, Mac OS X, Linux og
4061 BSD.</p>
4062
4063 <p>Det hele utgis under den frie lisensen GPL og kan fritt lastes ned
4064 fra prosjektsidene på
4065 <a href="http://no.speling.org">no.speling.org</a>. Ferdige pakker for
4066 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er også tilgjengelige fra samme sted.</p>
4067
4068 <p>Det norske stavekontrollprosjektet er i kontakt med lignende
4069 prosjekter for blant annet å forbedre stavekontrollteknologien, å
4070 utveksle verktøy for vedlikehold av orddatabasen og å få tilgang til
4071 relevante datasett. Et av disse prosjektene er et separat prosjekt ved
4072 Sametinget som er i gang med å utvikle samisk stavekontroll for blant
4073 annet Microsoft Word og OpenOffice.org.</p>
4074
4075 <p>Et søsterprosjekt for å lage grammatikk-kontroll for
4076 LibreOffice/OpenOffice.org er igangsatt, men har ennå ikke kommet
4077 langt nok til å brukes. Frivillige til å bidra i dette prosjektet er
4078 også svært velkomne.</p>
4079
4080 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
4081
4082 <p><blockquote>
4083 Axel Bojer, prosjektdeltager
4084 <br>E-post: fri_programvare (at) bojer.no
4085 <br>Tlf: +47 954 32 417
4086 </blockquote></p>
4087
4088 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
4089
4090 <ul>
4091
4092 <li>Det frie norske stavekontrollprosjektet for bokmål og nynorsk:
4093     <a href="http://no.speling.org">http://no.speling.org</a></li>
4094 <li>Samiske korrekturverktøy:
4095     <a href="http://divvun.no/">http://divvun.no/</a></li>
4096 <li>Ordlistene fra Norsk ordbank:
4097     <a href="http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/">http://www.edd.uio.no/prosjekt/ordbanken/</a></li>
4098 <li>Last ned ordlistene:
4099     <a href="http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577">http://alioth.debian.org/frs/?group_id=30577</a>
4100     (PS: no_NO-pack2 for OOo 2.x))</li>
4101 </ul>
4102
4103 <p><strong>Fra NEWS-fila i kildekodepakken</strong></p>
4104
4105 <p>Release 2.1 (2012-09-30)</p>
4106
4107 <ul>
4108
4109 <li>Switch to new version scheme. Make new version 2.1, not 2.0.11. We do not
4110     release often enough to justify three digits.</li>
4111 <li>Switch build rules to build OOo v2 thesaurus files, as the v1 build rules
4112     no longer work. This require the libmythes-dev package on Debian.</li>
4113 <li>Introduce new Makefile variables hyphendir and thesdir to make it easier to
4114     control where to install these.</li>
4115 <li>Change script used to import from no.speling.org, to load new word
4116     boundaries if at least two people believed the boundaries was correct.</li>
4117 <li>Added word boundaries for several words (around 500 words) using the
4118     updated script.</li>
4119 <li>Imported thesarus for bokmål from synonymer.merg.net.</li>
4120 <li>Rewrote build rules to use = instead of - as combined word marker, thus
4121     allowing words like e-post.</li>
4122 <li>Imported a lot (around 10k words) of new words with dash (-) in them from
4123     no.speling.org now that it is handled by the build system.</li>
4124 </ul>
4125
4126       </div>
4127       <div class="tags">
4128
4129
4130         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
4131
4132
4133       </div>
4134     </div>
4135     <div class="padding"></div>
4136
4137     <div class="entry">
4138       <div class="title">
4139         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Giorgio_Pioda.html">Debian Edu interview: Giorgio Pioda</a>
4140       </div>
4141       <div class="date">
4142         17th September 2012
4143       </div>
4144       <div class="body">
4145         <p>After a long break in my row of interviews with people in the
4146 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
4147 community, I finally found time to wrap up another.  This time it is
4148 Giorgio Pioda, which showed up on the mailing list at the start of
4149 this year, asking questions and inspiring us to improve the first time
4150 administrators experience with Skolelinux. :) The interview was
4151 conduced in May, but I only found time to publish it now.</p>
4152
4153 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4154
4155 <p>I have a PhD in chemistry but since several years I work as teacher
4156 in secondary (15-18 year old students) and tertiary (a kind of "light"
4157 university) schools. Five years ago I started to manage a Learning
4158 Management Service server and slowly I got more and more involved with
4159 IT. 3 years ago the graduating schools moved completely to Linux and I
4160 got the head of the IT for this. The experience collected in chemistry
4161 labs computers (for example NMR analysis of protein folding) and in
4162 the IT-courses during university where sufficient to start. Self
4163 training is anyway very important</p>
4164
4165 <p>I live in the Italian speaking part of Switzerland, and the
4166 <a href="http://www.spse.ch/">SPSE school</a> (secondary) is a very
4167 special sport school for young people who try to became sport pro (for
4168 all sports, we have dozens of disciplines represented) and we are
4169 recognised by the Olympic Swiss Organisation.
4170
4171 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4172 project?</strong></p>
4173
4174 <p>Looking for Linux / Primary Domain Controller (PDC) I found it
4175 already several years ago. But since the system was still not
4176 Kerberized and since our schools relies strongly on laptops I didn't
4177 use it. I plan to introduce it in the next future, probably for the
4178 next school year, since the squeeze release solved this security
4179 hole.</p>
4180
4181 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4182 Edu?</strong></p>
4183
4184 <p>Many. First of all there is a strong and living community that is
4185 very generous for help and hints.  Chat help is crucial, together with
4186 the mailing list.  Second. With Skolelinux you get an already well
4187 engineered platform and you don't have to start to build up your PDC
4188 and your clients from GNU/scratch; I've already done this once and I
4189 can tell it, it is hard. Third, since Skolelinux is a standard
4190 platform, it is way easier to educate other IT people and even if the
4191 head IT is sick another one could pick up the task without too much
4192 hassle.</p>
4193
4194 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4195 Edu?</strong></p>
4196
4197 <p>The only real problem I see is that it is a little too less
4198 flexible at client level. Debian stable is rocky and desirable, but
4199 there are many reasons that force for another choice. For example the
4200 need of new drivers for new PC, or the need for a specific OS for some
4201 devices that have specific software packages for another specific
4202 distribution (I have such a case for whiteboards that have only
4203 Ubuntu packages). Thus, I prepared compatibility packages educlient
4204 and eduroaming, hoping not to use them ;-)</p>
4205
4206 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4207
4208 <p>I have a Debian Stable PDC at school (Kerberos, NIS, NFS) with
4209 mixed Debian and Ubuntu clients. If you think that this triad
4210 combination is exotic... well I discovered right yesterday that
4211 <a href="http://moo.nac.uci.edu/~hjm/Perceus-Report.html">Perceus</a>
4212 has the same...</p>
4213
4214 <p>For myself I run Debian wheezy/sid, but this combination is good
4215 only I you have enough competence to fix stuff for yourself, if
4216 something breaks.  Daily I use texmacs, gnumeric, a little bit of R
4217 statistics, kmplot, and less frequently OpenOffice.org.</p>
4218
4219 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4220 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4221
4222 <P>I think that the only real argument that school managers "hear" is
4223 cost reduction. They don't give too much weight on quality, stability,
4224 just because they are normally not open to change.</p>
4225
4226 <p>Students adapts very quickly to GNU/Linux (and for them being able
4227 to switch between different OS is a plus value); teachers and managers
4228 don't.</p>
4229
4230 <p>We decided to move to Linux because students at our school have own
4231 laptop and we have the responsibility to keep the laptop ready to use;
4232 we were really unsatisfied with Microsoft since every Monday we had 20
4233 machine to fix for viral infections... With Linux this has been
4234 reduced to zero, since people installs almost only from official
4235 repositories. I think that our special needs brought us to Linux.
4236 Those who don't have such needs will hardly move to Linux.</p>
4237
4238       </div>
4239       <div class="tags">
4240
4241
4242         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4243
4244
4245       </div>
4246     </div>
4247     <div class="padding"></div>
4248
4249     <div class="entry">
4250       <div class="title">
4251         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gladoppslag_om_Skolelinux_i_avisen_Fremover.html">Gladoppslag om Skolelinux i avisen Fremover</a>
4252       </div>
4253       <div class="date">
4254         15th August 2012
4255       </div>
4256       <div class="body">
4257         <p>I sommer hadde avisen <a href="http://www.fremover.no/">Fremover</a>
4258 et flott oppslag om bruken av
4259 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på alle skolene
4260 der.  Artikkelen var på trykk på side 4 og 5 i papirutgaven
4261 2012-07-23, men mangler dessverre i nettutgaven av avisen.  Mine
4262 henvendelser til avisen for å få artikkelen på nett har så langt ikke
4263 vært vellykket.</p>
4264
4265 <p>Artikkelen med tittelen "Narvik kommune bruker gratisprogram i
4266 skolen - Har spart millioner", forteller om hvordan bruken av
4267 Skolelinux er en stor suksess i Narvik siden det ble tatt i bruk i
4268 2004.  Her er noen fine sitater:</p>
4269
4270 <blockquote>
4271 "- Skolelinux har spart kommunen for store pengesummer, millionbeløp,
4272   som de heller kan bruke på andre ting, sier IKT-konsulent Viggo
4273   Fedreheim."
4274 </blockquote>
4275
4276 <p>Avisen forteller at de har fått tilgang til beregninger som viser
4277 at Narvik kommune har spart noe mellom 10 og 20 millioner kroner de
4278 siste 8 årene på å bruke Skolelinux, og fortsetter:</p>
4279
4280 <blockquote>
4281
4282 "Regnestykket tar høyde for sparte kostnader til lisenser som medfølger
4283 de alternative operativsystemene, lavere driftskostnader og lengre
4284 levetid på datautstyret.  Totalt har Narvikskolen en maskinpark på
4285 1600 maskiner fordelt på de 11 skolene fra Skjomen i sør til Bjerkvik
4286 i nord."
4287
4288 </blockquote>
4289
4290 <p>Viggo Fedreheim sier dette om hvor noe av gevinsten kommer fra:</p>
4291
4292 <blockquote>
4293 "- Vi kan gjenbruke gamle maskiner i skolen som er for dårlig andre
4294   steder i kommunen der de ikke bruker Skolelinux.  Levetiden på en
4295   datamaskin blir 3-5 år lenger med Skolelinux.  Vi kaller det for
4296   grønn IT, miljøvennlig IT."
4297 </blockquote>
4298
4299 <p>Her er det mulighet for flere kommuner å få et godt IT-system på
4300 skolene, hvis de er villige til å forsøke.  De som ikke har kompetanse
4301 innomhus kan kjøpe det fra en av de kommersielle leverandørene av
4302 Skolelinux-tjenester, som <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4303 Drift AS</a> (der jeg er styremedlem).  Komplett liste er tilgjengelig
4304 via
4305 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Help/ProfessionalHelp">wikien</a>.</p>
4306
4307 <p>Update 2012-08-16: Today I was allowed by Fremover to put the PDF I
4308 received from them with a copy of the article on the Internet.  It is
4309 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/2012-07-23-fremover-narvik.pdf">now
4310 available</a> in the Skolelinux press archive.</p>
4311
4312       </div>
4313       <div class="tags">
4314
4315
4316         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4317
4318
4319       </div>
4320     </div>
4321     <div class="padding"></div>
4322
4323     <div class="entry">
4324       <div class="title">
4325         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Tips_for___bli_med_i_Skolelinux_prosjektet__som_faktisk_er_aktivt_.html">Tips for å bli med i Skolelinux-prosjektet (som faktisk er aktivt)</a>
4326       </div>
4327       <div class="date">
4328         19th July 2012
4329       </div>
4330       <div class="body">
4331         <p>Jeg fikk nettopp spørsmål på epost om Skolelinux-prosjektet lever
4332 fra en som var interessert i å bidra, og måtte jo konstatere at i og
4333 med at spørsmålet ble stilt har prosjektet ikke lyktes med å formidle
4334 sin aktivitet.  Her er det jeg svarte:</p>
4335
4336 <p><blockquote>
4337 <p>Jada, <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
4338 lever, men det meste av utvikling foregår nå under paraplyen
4339 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> som er det
4340 internasjonale navnet på prosjektet.  Dugnaden i Norge organiseres av
4341 medlemsforeningen
4342 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
4343 Skolen</a>, og det finnes minst ett selskap som selger kommersiell
4344 support på løsningen (<a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux
4345 Drift AS</a>, der jeg er styremedlem).  Anbefaler at du melder deg på
4346 epostlisten
4347 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu/">debian-edu@lists.debian.org</a>
4348 (og debian-edu-announce) og
4349 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">melder deg inn i
4350 foreningen</a> for å få beskjed om aktivitet som planlegges.  Det
4351 planlegges
4352 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering">utviklersamlinger
4353 i august</a> og utover høsten.</p>
4354
4355 <p>Bidra gjerne med å spre ordet om Skolelinux.  Det er alt for få som
4356 bidrar til pressedekning, bloggposter, twittermeldinger, etc. :)</p>
4357
4358 <p>Jeg antar du har funnet
4359 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju/">bloggserien
4360 min med intervjuer</a>.  Det er antagelig også interessant for deg å
4361 følge med på <a href="http://planet.skolelinux.org/">Planet
4362 Skolelinux</a>.</p>
4363
4364 <p>Hm, jeg burde vel blogge alle disse lenkene slik at de blir enklere
4365 å finne...</p>
4366 </blockquote></p>
4367 <p>Herved gjort. :)</p>
4368
4369       </div>
4370       <div class="tags">
4371
4372
4373         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4374
4375
4376       </div>
4377     </div>
4378     <div class="padding"></div>
4379
4380     <div class="entry">
4381       <div class="title">
4382         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__George_Bredberg.html">Debian Edu interview: George Bredberg</a>
4383       </div>
4384       <div class="date">
4385          9th July 2012
4386       </div>
4387       <div class="body">
4388         <p>The <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4389 Skolelinux</a> project have users all over the globe, but until
4390 recently we have not known about any users in Norway's neighbour
4391 country Sweden.  This changed when George Bredberg showed up in March
4392 this year on the mailing list, asking interesting questions about how
4393 to adjust and scale the just released
4394 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4395 Wheezy</a> setup to his liking.  He granted me an interview, and I am
4396 happy to share his answers with you here.</p>
4397
4398 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4399
4400 <p>I'm a 44 year old country guy that have been working 12 years at
4401 the same school as 50% IT-manager and 50% Teacher. My educational
4402 background is fil.kand in history and religious beliefs, an exam as a
4403 "folkhighschool" teacher, that is, for teaching grownups.  In
4404 Norwegian I believe it's called "Vuxenupplaring". I also have a master
4405 in "Technology and social change". So I'm not really a tech guy, I
4406 just like to study how humans and technology interact and that is my
4407 perspective when working with IT.</p>
4408
4409 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4410 project?</strong></p>
4411
4412 I have followed the Skolelinux project for quite some time by
4413 now. Earlier I tested out the K12-LTSP project, which we used for some
4414 time, but I really like the idea of having a distribution aimed to be
4415 a complete solution for schools with necessary tools integrated. When
4416 K12-LTSP abandoned that idea some years ago, I started to look more
4417 seriously into Skolelinux instead.
4418
4419 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4420 Edu?</strong></p>
4421
4422 The big point of Skolelinux to me is that it is a complete
4423 distribution, ready to install. It has LDAP-support, MS Windows
4424 integration tools and so forth already configured, saving an
4425 administrator a lot of time and headache. We were using another Linux
4426 based thin-client system called Thinlinc, that has served us very
4427 well. But that Skolelinux is based on VNC and LTSP, to me, is better
4428 when it comes to the kind of multimedia used in schools. That is
4429 showing videos from Youtube or educational TV. It is also easier to
4430 mix thin clients with workstations, since the user settings will be the
4431 same. In our VNC-based solution you had to "beat around the bush" by
4432 setting up a second, hidden, home-directory for user settings for the
4433 workstations, because they will be different from the ones used on the
4434 thin clients. Skolelinux support for diskless workstations are very
4435 convenient since a school today often need to use a class room
4436 projector showing videos in full screen. That is easily done with a
4437 small integrated media computer running as a diskless workstation. You
4438 have only two installs to update and configure. One for the thin
4439 clients and one for the workstations. Also saving a lot of time.  Our
4440 old system was also based on Redhat and CentOS. They are both very
4441 nice distributions, but they are sometimes painfully slow when it
4442 comes to updating multimedia support and multimedia programs (even
4443 such as Gimp), leaving us with a bit "oldish" applications. Debian is
4444 quicker to update.
4445
4446 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4447 Edu?</strong></p>
4448
4449 <p>Debian is a bit too quick when it comes to updating. As an example
4450 we use old HP terminals as thinclients, and two times already this
4451 year (2012) the updates you get from the repositories has stopped
4452 sound from working with them.  It's a kernel/ALSA issue. So you have
4453 to be more careful properly testing the updates before you run them in
4454 a production environment. This has never happened with CentOS.</p>
4455
4456 <p>I also would like to be able to set my own domain-settings at
4457 install time.  In Skolelinux they are kind of hard coded into the
4458 distribution, when it comes to LDAP and at least samba integration.
4459 That is more a cosmetic/translation issue, and not a real problem.
4460 Running MS Windows applications within the Skolelinux environment needs
4461 to be better supported. That is, running them seamlessly via RDP, and
4462 support for single-sign on.  That will make the transition to free
4463 software easier, because you can keep the applications you really
4464 need.  No support will make it impossible if you work in a school where
4465 some applications can't be open source. As for us we really need to
4466 run Adobe InDesign in our journalist classes.  We run a journalist
4467 education, and is one of the very few non university ones that is ok:d
4468 by Svenska journalistförbundet (Swedish journalist association).  Our
4469 education gives the pupils the right of membership there, once they
4470 are done.  This is important if you want to get a job.</p>
4471
4472 <p>Adobe InDesign is the program most commonly used in newspapers and
4473 magazines.  We used Quark Express before, but they seem to loose there
4474 market to Adobe. The only "equivalent" to InDesign in the opensource
4475 world is Scribus, and its not advanced enough. At least not according
4476 to the teacher. I think it would be possible to use it, because they
4477 are not supposed to learn a program, they are supposed to learn how to
4478 edit and compile a newspaper.  But politically at our school we are not
4479 there yet.  And Scribus lacks a lot of things you find i InDesign.</p>
4480
4481 <p>We used even a windows program for sound editing when it comes to
4482 the radio-journalist part. The year to come we are going to try
4483 Audacity. That software has the same kind of limitations compared to
4484 Adobe Audition, but that teacher is a bit more open minded. We have
4485 tried Ardour also, but that instead is more like a music studio
4486 program, not intended for the kind of editing taking place in a radio
4487 studio. Its way to complex and the GUI is to scattered when you only
4488 want to cut, make pass-overs, add extra channels and normalise.  Those
4489 things you can do in Audacity, but its not as easy as in Audition. You
4490 have to do more things manually with envelopes, and that is a bit old
4491 fashion and timewasting. Its also harder to cut and move sound from
4492 one channel to another, which is a thing that you do frequently
4493 because you often find yourself needing to rearrange parts of the
4494 sound file.</p>
4495
4496 <p>So, I am not sure we will succeed in replacing even Audition, but we
4497 will try.  The problem is the students have certain expectations when
4498 they start an education towards a profession.  So the programs has to
4499 look and feel professional.  Good thing with radio, there are many
4500 programs out there, that radio studios use, so its not as standardised
4501 as Newspaper editing. That means, it does not really matter what
4502 program they learn, because once they start working they still have to
4503 learn the program the studio uses, so instead focus has to be to learn
4504 the editing part without to much focus on a specific software.</p>
4505
4506 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4507
4508 <p>Myself I'm running Linux Mint, or Ubuntu these days.  I use almost
4509 only open source software, and preferably Linux based. When it comes
4510 to most used applications its OpenOffice, and Firefox (of course ;)
4511 )</p>
4512
4513 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4514 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4515
4516 <p>To get schools to use free software there has to be good open
4517 source software that are windows based, to ease the transition. But
4518 it's also very important that the multimedia support is working
4519 flawlessly.  The problems with Youtube, Twitter, Facebook and whatever
4520 will create problems when it comes to both teachers and
4521 students. Economy are also important for schools, so using thin
4522 clients, as long as they have good multimedia support, is a very good
4523 idea. It's also important that the open source software works even for
4524 the administration.  It's hard to convince the teachers to stick with
4525 open source, if the principal has to run Windows.  It also creates a
4526 problem if some classes has to use Windows for there tasks, since that
4527 will create a difference in "status" between classes, so a good
4528 support for running windows applications via the thin client (Linux)
4529 desktop is essential.  At least at our school, where we have mixed
4530 level of educations, from high-school to journalist-school.</p>
4531
4532 <p>Update 2012-07-09 08:30: Paul Wise tipped me on IRC about three
4533 useful sources related to Free Software for radio stations: the LWN
4534 article <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/481607/">Radio station
4535 management with Airtime</a>,
4536 <a href="http://www.sourcefabric.org/en/airtime/">Airtime</a> which
4537 claim to be a Free open source radio automation software and
4538 <a href="http://www.rivendellaudio.org/">Rivendell</a> which claim to
4539 be complete radio broadcast automation solution.  All of them seem
4540 useful to the aspiring radio producer.</p>
4541
4542       </div>
4543       <div class="tags">
4544
4545
4546         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4547
4548
4549       </div>
4550     </div>
4551     <div class="padding"></div>
4552
4553     <div class="entry">
4554       <div class="title">
4555         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_do_schools_waste_money_on_IT_.html">Why do schools waste money on IT?</a>
4556       </div>
4557       <div class="date">
4558          8th July 2012
4559       </div>
4560       <div class="body">
4561         <p>In the Debian Edu / Skolelinux project, we have realised that one
4562 of the major blockers for the project success is the purchasing skills
4563 in schools and municipalities.  We provide what the happy users of
4564 Debian Edu / Skolelinux say they need and to a lower cost than the
4565 alternatives, and yet so few schools decide to use our solution.  I
4566 was pleased to discover the same observation done by mySociety and Tom
4567 Steinberg in his blog post
4568 "<a href="http://www.mysociety.org/2012/06/19/can-you-recognize-the-million-pound-chair/">Can
4569 you recognize the million pound chair?</a>".  Read it and weep for the
4570 spending of your tax money.</p>
4571
4572 <p>Of course there are other factors involved as well, like our
4573 projects bad marketing skills and the Linux community fragmentation
4574 causing worry with the people on the outside, so we as a project need
4575 to keep working hard to gain users, but it is a up-hill battle when
4576 public decision makers are unable to understand computer system
4577 purchases.</p>
4578
4579       </div>
4580       <div class="tags">
4581
4582
4583         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4584
4585
4586       </div>
4587     </div>
4588     <div class="padding"></div>
4589
4590     <div class="entry">
4591       <div class="title">
4592         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_Timetabling_Software___nice_free_software.html">Free Timetabling Software - nice free software</a>
4593       </div>
4594       <div class="date">
4595          7th July 2012
4596       </div>
4597       <div class="body">
4598         <p>Included in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
4599 Skolelinux</a> is a large collection of end user and school specific
4600 software.  It is one of the packages not installed by default but
4601 provided in the Debian archive for schools to install if they want to,
4602 is a system to automatically plan the school time table using
4603 information about available teachers, classes and rooms, combined with
4604 the list of required courses and how many hours each topic should
4605 receive.  The software is
4606
4607 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/">named FET</a>, and it provide a
4608 graphical user interface to input the required information, save the
4609 result in a fairly simple XML format, and generate time tables for
4610 both teachers and students.  It is available both for
4611 <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/download.html">Linux, MacOSX and
4612 Windows</a>.</p>
4613
4614 <p>This is <a href="http://lalescu.ro/liviu/fet/features.html">the
4615 feature list</a>, liftet from the project web site:</p>
4616
4617 <p><ul>
4618
4619   <li>FET is free software, licensed under the GNU GPL v2 or later.
4620     You can freely use, copy, modify and redistribute it </li>
4621
4622   <li>Localized to en_US (US English, default), ar (Arabic), ca
4623     (Catalan), da (Danish), de (German), el (Greek), es (Spanish), fa
4624     (Persian), fr (French), gl (Galician), he (Hebrew), hu
4625     (Hungarian), id (Indonesian), it (Italian), lt (Lithuanian), mk
4626     (Macedonian), ms (Malay), nl (Dutch), pl (Polish), pt_BR
4627     (Brazilian Portuguese), ro (Romanian), ru (Russian), si (Sinhala),
4628     sk (Slovak), sr (Serbian), tr (Turkish), uk (Ukrainian), uz
4629     (Uzbek) and vi (Vietnamese) (incompletely for some languages)
4630     </li>
4631
4632   <li>Fully automatic generation algorithm, allowing also
4633     semi-automatic or manual allocation</li>
4634
4635   <li>Platform independent implementation, allowing running on
4636     GNU/Linux, Windows, Mac and any system that Qt supports </li>
4637
4638   <li>Flexible modular XML format for the input file, allowing editing
4639     with an XML editor or by hand (besides FET interface)</li>
4640
4641   <li>Import/export from CSV format</li>
4642
4643   <li>The resulted timetables are exported into HTML, XML and CSV
4644     formats </li>
4645
4646   <li>Flexible students structure, organized into sets: years, groups
4647     and subgroups. FET allows overlapping years and groups and
4648     non-overlapping subgroups. You can even define individual students
4649     (as separate sets)</li>
4650
4651   <li>Each constraint has a weight percentage, from 0.0% to 100.0%
4652     (but some special constraints are allowed to have only 100% weight
4653     percentage)</li>
4654
4655   <li>Limits for the algorithm (all these limits can be increased on
4656     demand, as a custom version, because this would require a bit more
4657     memory):
4658     <ul>
4659       <li>Maximum total number of hours (periods) per day: 60</li>
4660       <li>Maximum number of working days per week: 35</li>
4661       <li>Maximum total number of teachers: 6000</li>
4662       <li>Maximum total number of sets of students: 30000</li>
4663       <li>Maximum total number of subjects: 6000</li>
4664       <li>Virtually unlimited number of activity tags</li>
4665       <li>Maximum number of activities: 30000</li>
4666       <li>Maximum number of rooms: 6000</li>
4667       <li>Maximum number of buildings: 6000</li>
4668       <li>Possibility of adding multiple teachers and
4669           students sets for each activity.  (it is possible
4670           also to have no teachers or no students sets for an
4671           activity)</li>
4672       <li>Virtually unlimited number of time constraints</li>
4673       <li>Virtually unlimited number of space constraints</li>
4674     </ul></li>
4675
4676   <li>A large and flexible palette of time constraints:
4677     <ul>
4678       <li>Break periods</li>
4679       <li>For teacher(s):
4680         <ul>
4681           <li>Not available periods</li>
4682           <li>Max/min days per week</li>
4683           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
4684           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
4685           <li>Min hours daily</li>
4686           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
4687
4688           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
4689             days per week</li>
4690         </ul></li>
4691       <li>For students (sets):
4692         <ul>
4693           <li>Not available periods</li>
4694           <li>Begins early (specify max allowed beginnings at second hour)</li>
4695           <li>Max gaps per day/week</li>
4696           <li>Max hours daily/continuously</li>
4697           <li>Min hours daily</li>
4698           <li>Max hours daily/continuously with an activity tag</li>
4699
4700           <li>Respect working in an hourly interval a max number of
4701             days per week</li>
4702         </ul></li>
4703       <li>For an activity or a set of activities/subactivities:
4704         <ul>
4705           <li>A single preferred starting time</li>
4706           <li>A set of preferred starting times</li>
4707           <li>A set of preferred time slots</li>
4708           <li>Min/max days between them</li>
4709           <li>End(s) students day</li>
4710           <li>Same starting time/day/hour</li>
4711           <li>Occupy max time slots from selection (a complex and
4712             flexible constraint, useful in many situations)</li>
4713           <li>Consecutive, ordered, grouped (for 2 or 3 (sub)activities)</li>
4714           <li>Not overlapping</li>
4715           <li>Max simultaneous in selected time slots</li>
4716           <li>Min gaps between a set of (sub)activities</li>
4717         </ul></li>
4718     </ul></li>
4719
4720   <li>A large and flexible palette of space constraints:
4721     <ul>
4722       <li>Room not available periods</li>
4723       <li>For teacher(s):
4724         <ul>
4725           <li>Home room(s)</li>
4726           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
4727           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
4728         </ul>
4729       </li>
4730
4731       <li>For students (sets):
4732         <ul>
4733           <li>Home room(s)</li>
4734           <li>Max building changes per day/week</li>
4735           <li>Min gaps between building changes</li>
4736         </ul>
4737       </li>
4738       <li>Preferred room(s):
4739         <ul>
4740           <li>For a subject</li>
4741           <li>For an activity tag</li>
4742           <li>For a subject and an activity tag</li>
4743           <li>Individually for a (sub)activity</li>
4744         </ul>
4745       </li>
4746
4747       <li>For a set of activities:
4748         <ul>
4749           <li>Occupy a maximum number of different rooms</li>
4750         </ul>
4751       </li>
4752     </ul>
4753   </li>
4754 </ul></p>
4755
4756 <p>I have not used it myself, as I am not involved in time table
4757 planning at a school, but it seem to work fine when I test it.  If you
4758 need to set up your schools time table, and is tired of doing it
4759 manually, check it out.
4760
4761 A quick summary on how to use it can be found in
4762 <a href="http://marvelsoft.co.in/wp/2012/03/generate-timetable-for-state-cbse-icse-igcse-schools-free/">a
4763 blog post from MarvelSoft</a>.  If you find FET useful, please provide
4764 a recipe for the Debian Edu project in the
4765 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu#Howtos">Debian Edu HowTo
4766 section</a>.</p>
4767
4768       </div>
4769       <div class="tags">
4770
4771
4772         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
4773
4774
4775       </div>
4776     </div>
4777     <div class="padding"></div>
4778
4779     <div class="entry">
4780       <div class="title">
4781         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Markus_Gamenius.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Markus Gamenius</a>
4782       </div>
4783       <div class="date">
4784         30th June 2012
4785       </div>
4786       <div class="body">
4787         <p>Tidligere leder av
4788 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">foreningen som
4789 organiserer Skolelinux-dugnaden</a>, Markus Gamenius , har i vår vært
4790 i media og
4791 <a href="http://www.dn.no/privatokonomi/article2345489.ece">debattert
4792 skattepolitikk</a>, og det fikk meg til å høre om han kunne lokkes til
4793 å fortelle om hans inntrykk nå, etter at han ble lokket bort fra
4794 Linux- og <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-verden
4795 for å overta familiebedriften.  Her har vi hans betraktninger i dag,
4796 noen måneder etter at
4797 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Skolelinux
4798 Squeeze</a>-utgaven ble gitt ut.</p>
4799
4800 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
4801
4802 <p>Jeg heter Markus Gamenius og er 40 år.  Utdannet biolog med ymse
4803 fag på siden.  Har jobbet som lærer der jeg var driftsansvarlig på
4804 Ulsrud VGS i Oslo.  Senere eide og jobbet jeg flere år i Linuxlabs AS,
4805 som jeg solgte til Redpill Linpro AS (den gangen Linpro AS).  I dag
4806 jobber jeg med ulike investeringer, hovedsaklig i eiendom, men også i
4807 en del ulike IT-relaterte bedrifter.</p>
4808
4809 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
4810
4811 <p>Fruen og jeg dro på en lengre seiltur i 2000, der jeg måtte ha "noe
4812 å gjøre" under hjemturen over Atlanteren.  Jeg kjøpte et par bøker om
4813 Linux i en bokhandel i New York og ble veldig fascinert.  Etter
4814 hjemkomsten begynte jeg å jobbe på Ulsrud VGS, som naturfagslærer, men
4815 som IT-interessert ble jeg fort en del av den nye IT-satsningen som
4816 skulle løfte Ulsrud og gi skolen en bedre rykte.  Vi hadde ganske
4817 mange maskiner, som gikk på Win98 og to servere som ble oppgradert til
4818 Win2000.  Systemene var ustabil og dårlige.  På leting etter noe
4819 bedre, uten å knekke ryggen økonomisk, kom jeg over "Linux i Skolen"
4820 og Skolelinux.  Jeg tok kontakt med miljøet og en gjeng møtte opp på
4821 skolen, der vi gjorde en liten testinstallasjon.  Etter et par år var
4822 ryggraden på skolen Linux (Skolelinux) og vi hadde flere hundre
4823 maskiner, både tynne klienter (gamle og nye), bærbare (Debian) og noen
4824 stasjonære (Win2000).  På et tidspunkt var Ulsrud den råeste IT-skolen
4825 og det irriterte skolesjefen i Oslo, da de satset hardt på
4826 Windows.</p>
4827
4828 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4829
4830 <p>Det som gjorde at vi fikk inn Skolelinux var ene og alene
4831 økonomiske.  Det faktum at vi slapp å kjøpe masse nye lisenser og at
4832 vi kunne bruke gammel hardware.  Alt i alt gjorde dette at vi sparte
4833 mye, men i stede for å bruke mindre på IT brukte vi det vi sparte på å
4834 skaffe mer hardware og på den måten gi det beste tilbudet i landet til
4835 våre elever.  For oss som driftet var det himmel å ha et system som
4836 gikk å administrere sentralt og effektivt.  Det var heller ikke så
4837 dumt at vi kunne "låse" maskinene mer effektivt enn vi kunne med
4838 Microsoft Windows, slik at vi slapp mye feil og problemer som ble
4839 forårsaket av "kreative" elever.</p>
4840
4841 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
4842
4843 <p>Det vi slet med var mangelen av en del programmer lærerne ville ha.
4844 Husker ikke alle, men det var et knippe med pedagogiske programmer de
4845 ikke fikk.  I dag tror jeg det problemet er langt mindre da det meste
4846 av disse kjøres gjennom nettleseren.</p>
4847
4848 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
4849
4850 <p>Jeg bruker mye Apple i dag og er ikke så stolt av det, men jeg har
4851 både OpenOffice, Firefox og en del andre programmer på den bærbare.
4852 Firefox brukes mest av disse.  På Apple-serveren hjemme bruker jeg
4853 HandBrake mye, og jeg har installert OpenWRT på flere av
4854 basestasjonene både hjemme og på jobben.  I tillegg til det har jeg i
4855 flere år finansiert et prosjekt som heter
4856 <a href="http://www.found.no/">Found IT</a>.  Dette er et prosjekt der
4857 vi lager et rammeverk for søk, der alt vi bruker fri programvare.  Det
4858 er Alex Brasetvik som er daglig leder i Found IT.</p>
4859
4860 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
4861 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
4862
4863 <p>Når det gjelder IT og skole er fortsatt økonomi veldig viktig.  Så
4864 man må oppfylle minimumskravene (ikke være best, men bra nok) og selge
4865 seg inn på hvor mye man sparer.  Det betyr selvsagt at man sparer på
4866 lisenser, men også på driftsinnsats.  Men nå når jeg ikke er en aktiv
4867 del av miljøet lenger hører jeg nesten ingen ting om fri programvare.
4868 Jeg stiller meg da spørsmålet om det har blitt stille rundt miljøet,
4869 eller om jeg kun så det tydeligere før når jeg var aktiv? Uansett er
4870 det for stille rundt Skolelinux-prosjektet nå.</p>
4871
4872       </div>
4873       <div class="tags">
4874
4875
4876         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
4877
4878
4879       </div>
4880     </div>
4881     <div class="padding"></div>
4882
4883     <div class="entry">
4884       <div class="title">
4885         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Jos__Luis_Redrejo_Rodr_guez.html">Debian Edu interview: José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez</a>
4886       </div>
4887       <div class="date">
4888         26th June 2012
4889       </div>
4890       <div class="body">
4891         <p>I've been too busy at home, but finally I found time to wrap up
4892 another interview with the people behind
4893 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
4894 This time we get to know José Luis Redrejo Rodríguez, one of our great
4895 helpers from Spain.  His effort was the reason we added support for
4896 several desktop types (KDE, Gnome and most recently LXDE) in Debian
4897 Edu, and have all of these available in the recently published
4898 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
4899 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
4900
4901 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
4902
4903 <p>I'm a father, teacher and engineer who is working for the Education
4904 ministry of the Region of Extremadura (Spain) in the implementation of
4905 ICT in schools</p>
4906
4907 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
4908 project?</strong></p>
4909
4910 <p>At 2006, I verified that both, we in Extremadura and Skolelinux
4911 project, had been working in parallel for some years, doing very
4912 similar things, using very similar tools and with similar targets, so
4913 I decided it was time to join forces as much as possible.</p>
4914
4915 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4916 Edu?</strong></p>
4917
4918 <p>A community of highly skilled experts working together, with a
4919 really open schema of collaboration and work. I really love the
4920 concepts of Do-ocracy and Merit-ocracy and the way these concepts are
4921 been used everyday inside Debian Edu.</p>
4922
4923 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
4924 Edu?</strong></p>
4925
4926 <p>Sometimes the differences in the implementations, laws or
4927 economical and technical resources in the different countries don't
4928 allow us to agree in the same solution for all of us, and several
4929 approaches are needed, what is a waste of effort. Also, there is a
4930 lack of more man power to be able to follow the fast evolution of the
4931 technologies in school.</p>
4932
4933 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
4934
4935 <p>Debian, of course, and due to my kind of job I am most of my time
4936 between Iceweasel, <a href="http://www.geany.org/">Geany</a> and
4937 <a href="http://www.ohloh.net/p/gnome-terminator">Terminator</a>.</p>
4938
4939 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
4940 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
4941
4942 <p>I think there is not a single strategy because there are very
4943 different scenarios: schools with mixed proprietary and free
4944 environments, schools using only workstations, other schools using
4945 laptops, netbooks, tablets, interactive white-boards, etc.</p>
4946
4947 <p>Also the range of ages of the students is very broad and you can
4948 not use the same solutions for primary schools and secondary or even
4949 universities. So different strategies are needed.</p>
4950
4951 <p>But, looking at these differences, and looking back to the things
4952 we've done and implemented, and the places were we have spent most of
4953 our forces, I think we should focus as much as possible in free
4954 multi-platform environments, using only standards tools, and moving
4955 more and more to Internet or network solutions that could be deployed
4956 using wireless. I think we'll see more and more personal devices in
4957 the schools, devices the students and teachers will take home with
4958 them, so the solutions must be able to be taken at home and continue
4959 working there.</p>
4960
4961       </div>
4962       <div class="tags">
4963
4964
4965         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
4966
4967
4968       </div>
4969     </div>
4970     <div class="padding"></div>
4971
4972     <div class="entry">
4973       <div class="title">
4974         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___some_ideas_for_the_future_versions.html">Debian Edu - some ideas for the future versions</a>
4975       </div>
4976       <div class="date">
4977         11th June 2012
4978       </div>
4979       <div class="body">
4980         <p>During my work on
4981 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.nb.html">Debian Edu
4982 based on Squeeze</a>, I came across some issues that should be
4983 addressed in the Wheezy release.  I finally found time to wrap up my
4984 notes and provide quick summary of what I found, with a bit
4985 explanation.</p>
4986
4987 <p><ul>
4988
4989 <li>We need to rewrite our package installation framework, as tasksel
4990 changed from using tasksel tasks to using meta packages (aka packages
4991 with dependencies like our education-* packages), and our installation
4992 system depend on tasksel tasks in
4993 /usr/share/tasksel/debian-edu-tasks.desc for package
4994 installation.</li>
4995
4996 <li>Enable Kerberos login for more services.  Now with the Kerberos
4997 foundation in place, we should use it to get single sign on with more
4998 services, and avoiding unneeded password / login questions.  We should
4999 at least try to enable it for these services:
5000 <ul>
5001
5002   <li>CUPS for admins to add/configure printers and users when using
5003     quotas.</li>
5004   <li>Nagios for admins checking the system status.</li>
5005   <li>GOsa for admins updating LDAP and users changing their passwords.</li>
5006   <li>LDAP for admins updating LDAP.</li>
5007   <li>Squid for users when exam mode / filtering is active.</li>
5008   <li>ssh for admins and users to save a password prompt.</li>
5009
5010 </ul></li>
5011
5012 <li>When we move GOsa to use Kerberos instead of LDAP bind to
5013 authenticate users, we should try to block or at least limit access to
5014 use LDAP bind for authentication, to ensure Kerberos is used when it
5015 is intended, and nothing fall back to using the less safe LDAP bind</li>
5016
5017 <li>Merge debian-edu-config and debian-edu-install.  The split made
5018 sense when d-e-install did a lot more, but these days it is just an
5019 inconvenience when we update the debconf preseeding values.</li>
5020
5021 <li>Fix partman-auto to allow us to abort the installation before
5022 touching the disk if the disk is too small.  This is
5023 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/653305">BTS report #653305</a> and the
5024 d-i developers are fine with the patch and someone just need to apply
5025 it and upload.  After this is done we need to adjust
5026 debian-edu-install to use this new hook.</li>
5027
5028 <li>Adjust to new LTSP framework (boot time config instead of install
5029 time config).  LTSP changed its design, and our hooks to install
5030 packages and update the configuration is most likely not going to work
5031 in Wheezy.
5032
5033 <li>Consider switching to NBD instead of NFS for LTSP root, to allow
5034 the Kernel to cache files in its normal file cache, possibly speeding
5035 up KDE login on slow networks.</li>
5036
5037 <li>Make it possible to create expired user passwords that need to
5038 change on first login.  This is useful when handing out password on
5039 paper, to make sure only the user know the password.  This require
5040 fixes to the PAM handling of kdm and gdm.</li>
5041
5042 <li>Make GUI for adding new machines automatically from sitesummary.
5043 The current command line script is not very friendly to people most
5044 familiar with GUIs.  This should probably be integrated into GOsa to
5045 have it available where the admin will be looking for it..</li>
5046
5047 <li>We should find way for Nagios to check that the DHCP service
5048 actually is working (as in handling out IP addresses).  None of the
5049 Nagios checks I have found so far have been working for me.</li>
5050
5051 <li>We should switch from libpam-nss-ldapd to sssd for all profiles
5052 using LDAP, and not only on for roaming workstations, to have less
5053 packages to configure and consistent setup across all profiles.</li>
5054
5055 <li>We should configure Kerberos to update LDAP and Samba password
5056 when changing password using the Kerberos protocol.  The hook was
5057 requested in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/588968">BTS report
5058 #588968</a> and is now available in Wheezy.  We might need to write a
5059 MIT Kerberos plugin in C to get this.</li>
5060
5061 <li>We should clean up the set of applications installed by default.
5062 <ul>
5063
5064 <li>reduce the number of chemistry visualisers</li>
5065 <li>consider dropping xpaint</li>
5066 <li>and probably more?</li>
5067 </ul></li>
5068
5069 <li>Some hardware need external firmware to work properly.  This is
5070 mostly the case for WiFi network cards, but there are some other
5071 examples too.  For popular laptops to work out of the box, such
5072 firmware need to be installed from non-free, and we should provide
5073 some GUI to do this.  Ubuntu already have this implemented, and we
5074 could consider using their packages.  At the moment we have some
5075 command line script to do this (one for the running system, another
5076 for the LTSP chroot).</li>
5077
5078
5079 <li>In Squeeze, we provide KDE, Gnome and LXDE as desktop options.  We
5080 should extend the list to Xfce and Sugar, and preferably find a way to
5081 install several and allow the admin or the user to select which one to
5082 use.</li>
5083
5084 <li>The golearn tool from the goplay package make it easy to check out
5085 interesting educational packages.  We should work on the package
5086 tagging in Debian to ensure it represent all the useful educational
5087 packages, and extend the tool to allow it to use packagekit to install
5088 new applications with a simple mouse click.</li>
5089
5090 <li>The Squeeze version got half a exam solution already in place,
5091 with the introduction of iptable based network blocking, but for it to
5092 be a complete exam solution the Squid proxy need to enable
5093 filtering/blocking as well when the exam mode is enabled.  We should
5094 implement a way to easily enable this for the schools that want it,
5095 instead of the "it is documented" method of today.</li>
5096
5097 <li>A feature used in several schools is the ability for a teacher to
5098 "take over" the desktop of individual or all computers in the room.
5099 There are at least three implementations,
5100 <a href="italc.sourceforge.net/">italc</a>,
5101 <a href="http://www.itais.net/help/en/">controlaula</a> og
5102 <a href="http://www.epoptes.org/">epoptes</a> and we should pick one of
5103 them and make it trivial to set it up in a school.  The challenges is
5104 how to distribute crypto keys and how to group computers in one room
5105 and how to set up which machine/user can control the machines in a
5106 given room.</li>
5107
5108 <li>Tablets and surf boards are getting more and more popular, and we
5109 should look into providing a good solution for integrating these into
5110 the Debian Edu network.  Not quite sure how.  Perhaps we should
5111 provide a installation profile with better touch screen support for
5112 them, or add some sync services to allow them to exchange
5113 configuration and data with the central server.  This should be
5114 investigated.</li>
5115
5116 </ul></p>
5117
5118 <p>I guess we will discover more as we continue to work on the Wheezy
5119 version.</p>
5120
5121       </div>
5122       <div class="tags">
5123
5124
5125         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
5126
5127
5128       </div>
5129     </div>
5130     <div class="padding"></div>
5131
5132     <div class="entry">
5133       <div class="title">
5134         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Mike_Gabriel.html">Debian Edu interview: Mike Gabriel</a>
5135       </div>
5136       <div class="date">
5137          2nd June 2012
5138       </div>
5139       <div class="body">
5140         <p>Back in 2010, Mike Gabriel showed up on the
5141 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5142 mailing list.  He quickly proved to be a valuable developer, and
5143 thanks to his tireless effort we now have Kerberos integrated into the
5144 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5145 Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5146
5147 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5148
5149 <p>My name is Mike Gabriel, I am 38 years old and live near Kiel,
5150 Schleswig-Holstein, Germany. I live together with a wonderful partner
5151 (Angela Fuß) and two own children and two bonus children (contributed
5152 by Angela).</p>
5153
5154 <p>During the day I am part-time employed as a system administrator
5155 and part-time working as an IT consultant. The consultancy work
5156 touches free software topics wherever and whenever possible. During
5157 the nights I am a free software developer. In the gaps I also train in
5158 becoming an osteopath.</p>
5159
5160 <p>Starting in 2010 we (Andreas Buchholz, Angela Fuß, Mike Gabriel)
5161 have set up a free software project in the area of Kiel that aims at
5162 introducing free software into schools. The project's name is
5163 "IT-Zukunft Schule" (IT future for schools). The project links IT
5164 skills with communication skills.</p>
5165
5166 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5167 project?</strong></p>
5168
5169 <p>While preparing our own customised Linux distribution for
5170 "IT-Zukunft Schule" we were repeatedly asked if we really wanted to
5171 reinvent the wheel. What schools really need is already available,
5172 people said.  From this impulse we started evaluating other Linux
5173 distributions that target being used for school networks.</p>
5174
5175 <p>At the end we short-listed two approaches and compared them: a
5176 commercial Linux distribution developed by a company in Bremen,
5177 Germany, and Skolelinux / Debian Edu. Between 12/2010 and 03/2011 we
5178 went to several events and met people being responsible for marketing
5179 and development of either of the distributions. Skolelinux / Debian
5180 Edu was by far much more convincing compared to the other product that
5181 got short-listed beforehand--across the full spectrum. What was most
5182 attractive for me personally: the perspective of collaboration within
5183 the developmental branch of the Debian Edu project itself.</p>
5184
5185 <p>In parallel with this, we talked to many local and not-so-local
5186 people.  People teaching at schools, headmasters, politicians, data
5187 protection experts, other IT professionals.</p>
5188
5189 <p>We came to two conclusions:</p>
5190
5191 <p>First, a technical conclusion: What schools need is available in
5192 bits and pieces here and there, and none of the solutions really fit
5193 by 100%. Any school we have seen has a very individual IT setup
5194 whereas most of each school's requirements could mapped by a standard
5195 IT solution.  The requirement to this IT solution is flexibility and
5196 customisability, so that individual adaptations here and there are
5197 possible.  In terms of re-distributing and rolling out such a
5198 standardised IT system for schools (a system that is still to some
5199 degree customisable) there is still a lot of work to do here
5200 locally. Debian Edu / Skolelinux has been our choice as the starting
5201 point.</p>
5202
5203 <p>Second, a holistic conclusion: What schools need does not exist at
5204 all (or we missed it so far). There are several technical solutions
5205 for handling IT at schools that tend to make a good impression. What
5206 has been missing completely here in Germany, though, is the enrolment
5207 of people into using IT and teaching with IT. "IT-Zukunft Schule"
5208 tries to provide an approach for this.</p>
5209
5210 <p>Only some schools have some sort of a media concept which explains,
5211 defines and gives guidance on how to use IT in class. Most schools in
5212 Northern Germany do not have an IT service provider, the school's IT
5213 equipment is managed by one or (if the school is lucky) two (admin)
5214 teachers, most of the workload these admin teachers get done in there
5215 spare time.</p>
5216
5217 <p>We were surprised that only a very few admin teachers were
5218 networked with colleagues from other schools. Basically, every school
5219 here around has its individual approach of providing IT equipment to
5220 teachers and students and the exchange of ideas has been quasi
5221 non-existent until 2010/2011.</p>
5222
5223 <p>Quite some (non-admin) teachers try to avoid using IT technology in
5224 class as a learning medium completely. Several reasons for this
5225 avoidance do exist.</p>
5226
5227 <p>We discovered that no-one has ever taken a closer look at this
5228 social part of IT management in schools, so far. On our quest journey
5229 for a technical IT solution for schools, we discussed this issue with
5230 several teachers, headmasters, politicians, other IT professionals and
5231 they all confirmed: a holistic approach of considering IT management
5232 at schools, an approach that includes the people in place, will be new
5233 and probably a gain for all.</p>
5234
5235 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5236 Edu?</strong></p>
5237
5238 <p>There is a list of advantages: international context, openness to
5239 any kind of contributions, do-ocracy policy, the closeness to Debian,
5240 the different installation scenarios possible (from stand-alone
5241 workstation to complex multi-server sites), the transparency within
5242 project communication, honest communication within the group of
5243 developers, etc.</p>
5244
5245 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5246 Edu?</strong></p>
5247
5248 <p>Every coin has two sides:</p>
5249
5250 <p>Technically: <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/311188">BTS issue
5251 #311188</a>, tricky upgradability of a Debian Edu main server, network
5252 client installations on top of a plain vanilla Debian installation
5253 should become possible sometime in the near future, one could think
5254 about splitting the very complex package debian-edu-config into
5255 several portions (to make it easier for new developers to
5256 contribute).</p>
5257
5258 <p>Another issue I see is that we (as Debian Edu developers) should
5259 find out more about the network of people who do the marketing for
5260 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. There is a very active group in Germany
5261 promoting Skolelinux on the bigger Linux Days within Germany. Are
5262 there other groups like that in other countries? How can we bring
5263 these marketing people together (marketing group A with group B and
5264 all of them with the group of Debian Edu developers)? During the last
5265 meeting of the German Skolelinux group, I got the impression of people
5266 there being rather disconnected from the development department of
5267 Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
5268
5269 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5270
5271 <p>For my daily business, I do not use commercial software at all.</p>
5272
5273 <p>For normal stuff I use Iceweasel/Firefox, Libreoffice.org. For
5274 serious text writing I prefer LaTeX. I use gimp, inkscape, scribus for
5275 more artistic tasks. I run virtual machines in KVM and Virtualbox.</p>
5276
5277 <p>I am one of the upstream developers of X2Go. In 2010 I started the
5278 development of a Python based X2Go Client, called PyHoca-GUI.
5279 PyHoca-GUI has brought forth a Python X2Go Client API that currently
5280 is being integrated in Ubuntu's software center.</p>
5281
5282 <p>For communications I have my own Kolab server running using Horde
5283 as web-based groupware client. For IRC I love to use irssi, for Jabber
5284 I have several clients that I use, mostly pidgin, though. I am also
5285 the Debian maintainer of Coccinella, a Jabber-based interactive
5286 whiteboard.</p>
5287
5288 <p>My favourite terminal emulator is KDE's Yakuake.</p>
5289
5290 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5291 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5292
5293 <p>Communicate, communicate, communicate. Enrol people, enrol people,
5294 enrol people.</p>
5295
5296       </div>
5297       <div class="tags">
5298
5299
5300         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5301
5302
5303       </div>
5304     </div>
5305     <div class="padding"></div>
5306
5307     <div class="entry">
5308       <div class="title">
5309         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Ralf_Gesellensetter.html">Debian Edu interview: Ralf Gesellensetter</a>
5310       </div>
5311       <div class="date">
5312         27th May 2012
5313       </div>
5314       <div class="body">
5315         <p>In 2003, a German teacher showed up on the
5316 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
5317 mailing list with interesting problems and reports proving he setting
5318 up Linux for a (for us at the time) lot of pupils.  His name was Ralf
5319 Gesellensetter, and he has been an important tester and contributor
5320 since then, helping to make sure the
5321 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2012/20120311.html">Debian Edu
5322 Squeeze</a> release became as good as it is..</p>
5323
5324 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5325
5326 <p>I am a teacher from Germany, and my subjects are Geography,
5327 Mathematics, and Computer Science ("Informatik"). During the past 12
5328 years (since 2000), I have been working for a comprehensive (and soon,
5329 also inclusive) school leading to all kind of general levels, such as
5330 O- or A-level ("Abitur").  For quite as long, I've been taking care of
5331 our computer network.</p>
5332
5333 <p>Now, in my early 40s, I enjoy the privilege of spending a lot of my
5334 spare time together with my wife, our son (3 years) and our daughter
5335 (4 months).</p>
5336
5337 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5338 project?</strong></p>
5339
5340 <p>We had tried different Linux based school servers, when members of
5341 my local Linux User Group (LUG OWL) detected Skolelinux. I remember
5342 very well, being part of a party celebrating the Linux New Media Award
5343 ("Best Newcomer Distribution", also nominated: Ubuntu) that was given
5344 to Skolelinux at Linux World Exposition in Frankfurt, 2005 (IIRC). Few
5345 months later, I had the chance to join a developer meeting in Ulsrud
5346 (Oslo) and to hand out the award to Knut Yrvin and others.  For more
5347 than 7 years, Skolelinux is part of our schools infrastructure, namely
5348 our main server (tjener), one LTSP (today without thin clients), and
5349 approximately 50 work stations. Most of these have the option to boot a
5350 locally installed Skolelinux image.  As a consequence, I joined quite
5351 a few events dealing with free software or Linux, and met many Debian
5352 (Edu) developers. All of them seemed quite nice and competent to me,
5353 one more reason to stick to Skolelinux.</p>
5354
5355 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5356 Edu?</strong></p>
5357
5358 <p>Debian driven, you are given all the advantages of a community
5359 project including well maintained updates. Once, you are familiar with
5360 the network layout, you can easily roll out an entire educational
5361 computer infrastructure, from just one installation media. As only
5362 free software (FOSS) is used, that supports even elderly hardware,
5363 up-sizing your IT equipment is only limited by space (i.e. available
5364 labs).  Especially if you run a LTSP thin client server, your
5365 administration costs tend towards zero.</p>
5366
5367 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5368 Edu?</strong></p>
5369
5370 <p>While Debian's stability has loads of advantages for servers, this
5371 might be different in some cases for clients: Schools with unlimited
5372 budget might buy new hardware with components that are not yet
5373 supported by Debian stable, or wish to use more recent versions of
5374 office packages or desktop environments.  These schools have the
5375 option to run Debian testing or other distributions - if they have the
5376 capacity to do so.  Another issue is that Debian release cycles
5377 include a wide range of changes; therefor a high percentage of human
5378 power seems to be absorbed by just keeping the features of Skolelinux
5379 within the new setting of the version to come. During this process,
5380 the cogs of Debian Edu are getting more and more professional,
5381 i.e. harder to understand for novices.</p>
5382
5383 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5384
5385 <p>LibreOffice, Wikipedia, Openstreetmap, Iceweasel (Mozilla Firefox),
5386 KMail, Gimp, Inkscape - and of course the Linux Kernel (not only on
5387 PC, Laptop, Mobile, but also our SAT receiver)</p>
5388
5389 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5390 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5391
5392 <p><ol>
5393
5394 <li>Support computer science as regular subject in schools to make
5395 people really "own" their hardware, to make them understand the
5396 difference between proprietary software products, and free software
5397 developing.</li>
5398
5399 <li>Make budget baskets corresponding: In Germany's public schools
5400 there are more or less fixed budgets for IT equipment (including
5401 licenses), so schools won't benefit from any savings here. This
5402 privilege is left to private schools which have consequently a large
5403 share among German Skolelinux schools.</li>
5404
5405 <li>Get free software in the seminars where would-be teachers are
5406 trained. In many cases, teachers' software customs are respected by
5407 decision makers rather than the expertise of any IT experts.</li>
5408
5409 <li>Don't limit ourself to free software run natively. Everybody uses
5410 free software or free licenses (for instance Wikipedia), and this
5411 general concept should get expanded to free educational content to be
5412 shared world wide (school books e.g.).</li>
5413
5414 <li>Make clear where ever you can that the market share of free (libre)
5415 office suites is much above 20 p.c. today, and that you pupils don't
5416 need to know the "ribbon menu" in order to get employed.</li>
5417
5418 <li>Talk about the difference between freeware and free software.</li>
5419
5420 <li>Spread free software, or even collections of portable free apps
5421 for USB pen drives. Endorse students to get a legal copy of
5422 Libreoffice rather than accepting them to use illegal serials.  And
5423 keep sending documents in ODF formats.</li>
5424
5425 </ol></p>
5426
5427       </div>
5428       <div class="tags">
5429
5430
5431         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5432
5433
5434       </div>
5435     </div>
5436     <div class="padding"></div>
5437
5438     <div class="entry">
5439       <div class="title">
5440         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Alf_Tonny_B_tz.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Alf Tonny Bätz</a>
5441       </div>
5442       <div class="date">
5443         20th May 2012
5444       </div>
5445       <div class="body">
5446         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux-prosjektets</a>
5447 musiker og mannen bak
5448 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Manuals/Rosegarden/">opplæringsdokumentene
5449 i Rosegarden</a>
5450 (<a href="http://maintainer.skolelinux.org/debian-edu-doc/nb/rosegarden-manual.html">norsk
5451 utgave</a>) for musikklærere, Alf Tonny Bätz, er neste mann ut i min
5452 intervjurunde av folkene bak Skolelinux-løsningen.  Jeg har kjent Alf
5453 Tonny siden vi møttes som barn på påskefjellet i Ofoten, og ble
5454 gledelig overrasket da han dukket opp i Skolelinux-prosjektet etter å
5455 ikke ha sett noe til ham på mange år.</p>
5456
5457 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
5458
5459 <p>Jeg er utdannet kokk av yrke, og har utøvet yrket i 12 år.  Men
5460 etter at ryggen sa takk før seg, studerte jeg nettverksadministrasjon
5461 ved Næringsakademiet i Bergen årene 2008-2009 slik at jeg kunne
5462 forfølge en av mine største interesser - data.  Til daglig jobber jeg
5463 ved <a href="http://www.narvikskolen.no/parken/">Parken
5464 ungdomsskole</a> med å drifte skolens PC-er. Har også litt
5465 musikkundervisning.</p>
5466
5467 <p>Mitt mål er å bevisstgjøre musikklærene mulighetene med de frie
5468 programmene som finnes i Skolelinux, blant annet Rosegarden.</p>
5469
5470 <p>Har i mange år drevet med musikk og en av grunnen til at Rosegarden
5471 falt i smak for min del, var fordi denne fungere og ligner mest på
5472 Windows-programmet (cubase) jeg jobbet mye med da jeg i mine yngre
5473 dager var «Windows fanatiker».  Ble introdusert til Linux av en kompis
5474 av meg for omtrent 14 år siden, og har bare blitt mer og mer glad i
5475 dette operativsystemet.</p>
5476
5477 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
5478
5479 <p>Da jeg ble sykemeldt fra min gamle jobb, og måtte omskoleres,
5480 havnet jeg i 2007 sammen med Viggo Fedreheim på IKT-avdelingen i
5481 Narvik kommune, der ble jeg for første gang introdusert til
5482 Skolelinuxprosjektet.</p>
5483
5484 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5485
5486 <p>Skolelinux er enkelt å holde i drift og masse flotte programmer som
5487 geogebra, ktouch og kgeografi følger med pakken.  Man kan ta i bruk
5488 gamle PC-er igjen, slik at skoler med dårlig råd får opp en brukbar
5489 PC-park.  PC-er som er ca 6-9 år gamle fungere tilfredstillende, bare
5490 de har 512 MB RAM eller mer.</p>
5491
5492 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
5493
5494 <p>Ulempene er at noen av de pedagogiske programmene som lærene ønsker
5495 å bruke fungere dårlig med Linux.  Mye pga. av at disse programmene
5496 blir ikke laget til Linuxbaserte operativsystemer.</p>
5497
5498 <p>Video- og bilde-redigering har dessverre en del mangler, mange av
5499 programmene har en tendens til og krasje.  Det gjelder blant annet
5500 <a href="http://www.kdenlive.org/">kdenlive</a> og
5501 <a href="http://www.openshotvideo.com/">openshot</a>, for å nevne
5502 noen.  De er ikke stabile nok.  Når elevene kommer med filmsnutter de
5503 ønsker og jobbe med, så godtar ikke programmene filene, og når elevene
5504 jobber med redigering bare krasjer programmene uten forvarsel.  Det er
5505 for vanskelig å få noe som bare fungerer ut av boksen her. Når en elev
5506 plugger inn et videokamera eller fotoapparat så er det alltid noe som
5507 ikke vil fungere.  Programmene godtar ikke format, godtar ikke
5508 kameraet, osv., osv. Det er dessverre med på og dra ned en positiv
5509 opplevelse av bruk av fri programvare.</p>
5510
5511 <p>Man må ofte bruke flere en et video redigerings program før og få
5512 fullført en ønsket oppgave.</p>
5513
5514 <p>Eksempel:</p>
5515
5516 <p>Hvis det ene programmet ikke vil ta i mot videofilen klarer et
5517 annet det, men det programmet som klarer det kan ikke gjøre de samme
5518 oppgavene som det programmet som ikke ville ta i mot filen,
5519 Tilsvarende er det med foto, man må bruke flere programmer for å få
5520 et ferdig resultat. Til dags dato har jeg enda ikke funnet et video-
5521 og fotoprogram som kan tilfredstillende fullføre en oppgave.</p>
5522
5523 <p>Så man kan klare og fullføre en oppgave, men i verste fall må man
5524 innom 3-4 programmer for å få det til.  Så jeg har enda ikke til dags
5525 dato sett at et program fungere 100% til alt.</p>
5526
5527 <p>Det programmet jeg har best erfaring til er
5528 <a href="http://cinelerra.org/">cinelerra</a>, men dessverre har det
5529 også tendenser og krasje av og til uten grunn.</p>
5530
5531 Lydsystemet kan også være et mareritt.  Konkret snakker jeg om når du
5532 bruker for eksempel et smartboard, så følger det med USB-lydkort på
5533 disse.  Problemet ligger her i at systemet ikke vil velge rett
5534 lydkort, så man må inn med padevchooser for å sette opp PulseAudio
5535 til og velge at USB-lydkortet skal brukes.  Det blir for tungvindt for
5536 lærene, de ønsker at ting skal fungere med en gang. (min løsning på
5537 det problemet ble at jeg måtte deaktivere lydkortet som fantes på
5538 maskinen) men da må man bestandig slå på smartboard-tavla.
5539
5540 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
5541
5542 Programmene jeg bruker mest av er: Rosegarden, jack, qsynth, audacity,
5543 k3b, openttd og libreoffice.
5544
5545 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
5546 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
5547
5548 Jeg tror det må bevisstgjøring av Skolene til, dvs. reklamere høylytt
5549 og fortelle og vise de andre skolene at frie programvarer faktisk
5550 fungere.  Jeg trur faktisk mange ikke vet at det finnes frie
5551 alternativer.
5552
5553       </div>
5554       <div class="tags">
5555
5556
5557         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5558
5559
5560       </div>
5561     </div>
5562     <div class="padding"></div>
5563
5564     <div class="entry">
5565       <div class="title">
5566         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__J_rgen_Leibner.html">Debian Edu interview: Jürgen Leibner</a>
5567       </div>
5568       <div class="date">
5569         13th May 2012
5570       </div>
5571       <div class="body">
5572         <p>It has been a few busy weeks for me, but I am finally back to
5573 publish another interview with the people behind
5574 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>.
5575 This time it is one of our German developers, who have helped out over the
5576 years to make sure both a lot of major but also a lot of the minor
5577 details get right before release.
5578
5579 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5580
5581 <p>My name is Jürgen Leibner, I'm 49 years old and living in
5582 Bielefeld, a town in northern Germany.  I worked nearly 20 years as
5583 certified engineer in the department for plant design and layout of an
5584 international company for machinery and equipment.  Since 2011 I'm a
5585 certified technical writer (tekom e.V.) and doing technical
5586 documentations for a steam turbine manufacturer.  From April this year
5587 I will manage the department of technical documentation at a
5588 manufacturer of automation and assembly line engineering.</p>
5589
5590 <p>My first contact with linux was around 1993. Since that time I used
5591 it at work and at home repeatedly but not exclusively as I do now at
5592 home since 2006.</p>
5593
5594 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5595 project?</strong></p>
5596
5597 <p>Once a day in the early year of 2001 when I wanted to fetch my
5598 daughter from primary school, there was a teacher sitting in the
5599 middle of 20 old computers trying to boot them and he failed. I helped
5600 him to get them booting. That was seen by the school director and she
5601 asked me if I would like to manage that the school gets all that old
5602 computers in use. I answered: "Yes".</p>
5603
5604 <p>Some weeks later every of the 10 classrooms had one computer
5605 running Windows98. I began to collect old computers and equipment as
5606 gifts and installed the first computer room with a peer-to-peer
5607 network. I did my work at school without being payed in my spare time
5608 and with a lot of fun.  About one year later the school was connected
5609 to Internet and a local area network was installed in the school
5610 building.  That was the time to have a server and I knew it must be a
5611 Linux server to be able to fulfil all the wishes of the teachers and
5612 being able to do this in a transparent and economic way, without extra
5613 costs for things like licence and software.  So I searched for a
5614 school server system running under Linux and I found a couple of
5615 people nearby who founded 'skolelinux.de'. It was the Skolelinux
5616 prerelease 32 I first tried out for being used at the school.  I
5617 managed the IT of that school until the municipal authority took over
5618 the IT management and centralised the services for all schools in
5619 Bielefeld in December of 2006.</p>
5620
5621 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5622 Edu?</strong></p>
5623
5624 <p>When I'm looking back to the beginning, there were other advantages
5625 for me as today.</p>
5626
5627 <p>In the past there were advantages like:</p>
5628
5629 <p><ul>
5630
5631 <li>I don't need to buy it so it generates no costs to the school as
5632 they had little money to spent for computers and software.</li>
5633
5634 <li>It has a licence which grands all rights to use it without
5635 cost.</li>
5636
5637 <li>It was more able to fit all requirements of a server system for
5638 schools than a Microsoft server system, even if there are only Windows
5639 clients because of it's preconfigured overall concept of being a
5640 infrastructure solution and community for schools, not only a
5641 server</li>
5642
5643 <li>I was able to configure the server to the needs of the
5644 school.</li>
5645
5646 </ul></p>
5647
5648 <p>Today some of the advantages has been lost, changed or new ones
5649 came up in this way:</p>
5650
5651 <p><ul>
5652
5653 <li>Most schools here do have money to buy hardware and software
5654 now.</li>
5655
5656 <li>They are today mostly managed from central IT departments which
5657 have own concepts which often do not fit to Debian Edu concepts
5658 because they are to close to Microsoft ideology.</li>
5659
5660 <li>With the Squeeze version of Debian Edu which now uses GOsa² for
5661 management I feel more able to manage the daily tasks than with the
5662 interfaces used in the past.</li>
5663
5664 <li>It is more modular than in the past and fits even better to the
5665 different needs.</li>
5666
5667 <li>The documentation is usable and gets better every day.</li>
5668
5669 <li>More people than ever before are using Debian Edu all over the
5670 world and so the community, which is an very important part I think,
5671 is sharing knowledge and minds.</li>
5672
5673 <li>Most, maybe all, of the technical requirements for schools are
5674 solved today by Debian Edu. </li>
5675
5676 </ul></p>
5677
5678 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5679 Edu?</strong></p>
5680
5681 <p><ul>
5682
5683 <li>There are too few IT companies able to integrate Debian Edu into
5684 their product portfolio for serving schools with concepts or even
5685 whole municipality areas.</li>
5686
5687 <li>Debian Edu has beside other free and open software projects not
5688 enough lobbyists which promote free and open software to
5689 politicians.</li>
5690
5691 <li>Technically there are no disadvantages I'm aware of.</li>
5692
5693 </ul></p>
5694
5695 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5696
5697 <p>I use Debian stable on my home server and on my little desktop
5698 computer. On my laptop I use Debian testing/sid. The applications I
5699 use on my laptop and my desktop are Open/Libre-office, Iceweasel,
5700 KMail, DigiKam, Amarok, Dolphin, okular and all the other programs I
5701 need from the KDE environment.  On console I use newsbeuter, mutt,
5702 screen, irssi and all the other famous and useful tools.</p>
5703
5704 <p>My home server provides mail services with exim, dovecot, roundcube
5705 and mutt over ssh on the console, file services with samba, NFS,
5706 rsync, web services with apache, moinmoin-wiki, multimedia services
5707 with gallery2 and mediatomb and database services with MySQL for me
5708 and the whole family.  I probably forgot something.</p>
5709
5710 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5711 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5712
5713 <p>I believe, we should provide concepts for IT companies to integrate
5714 Debian Edu into their product portfolio with use cases for different
5715 countries and areas all over the world.</p>
5716
5717       </div>
5718       <div class="tags">
5719
5720
5721         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5722
5723
5724       </div>
5725     </div>
5726     <div class="padding"></div>
5727
5728     <div class="entry">
5729       <div class="title">
5730         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forskning___GPL_gir_lokal_frihet_og_kontroll_gjennom_omfordeling_av_makt_fra_produsent_til_bruker_.html">Forskning: "GPL gir lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling av makt fra produsent til bruker"</a>
5731       </div>
5732       <div class="date">
5733         15th April 2012
5734       </div>
5735       <div class="body">
5736         <p>Da jeg googlet etter noe annet kom jeg tilfeldigvis over
5737 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/work.html?WORKID=58309">en
5738 hovedfagsoppgave</a> ved Universitetet i Oslo som diskuterer verdien
5739 av GPLs fire friheter for brukerne av IT-systemer.  Jeg ble fascinert
5740 over det som presenteres der.  Her er sammendraget:</p>
5741
5742 <p><blockquote>
5743
5744 <p>Motivasjonen til å skrive denne oppgaven er en personlig undring
5745 over hvorfor det primært, og ofte eksklusivt, fokuseres på det
5746 økonomiske aspektet ved utredninger om fri programvare er et godt valg
5747 for det offentlige. Fri og produsenteid programvare bygger på
5748 fundamentalt forskjellige ideologier som kan ha implikasjoner utover
5749 økonomiske kostnader. Kunnskapskulturen som er med på å definere fri
5750 programvare er basert på åpenhet, og er en verdi i seg selv.</p>
5751
5752 <p>Oppgavens tema er programvarelisensen GPL og frihet. GPL-lisensiert
5753 programvare gir visse friheter i forhold til produsenteid
5754 programvare. Mitt spørsmål er om, og eventuelt i hvilken utstrekning,
5755 disse frihetene blir benyttet av ulike brukere og hvordan de
5756 manifesterer seg for disse brukerne. Sentrale spørsmål i oppgaven
5757 er:</p>
5758
5759 <ul>
5760 <li>Hvordan fordeles handlekraft gjennom lisensieringen av programvaren?</li>
5761 <li>Hvilke konsekvenser har programvarelisensen for de ulike brukere? </li>
5762 </ul>
5763
5764 <p>Fri programvare gir blant annet brukeren mulighet til å studere og
5765 modifisere kildekoden. Denne formen for frihet erverves gjennom
5766 kunnskap og krever at brukeren også er en ekspert. Hva skjer med
5767 frihetene til GPL når sluttbrukeren er en annen? Dette diskuteres i
5768 dialog med informantene.</p>
5769
5770 <p>Jeg har i denne oppgaven samlet inn intervjudata fra IKT-ansvarlige
5771 ved grunnskolene i Nittedal kommune, driftsansvarlig og IKT-veilederen
5772 for skolene i kommunen, samt IKT-koordinator for utdanning i Akershus
5773 fylkeskommune og bokmåloversettere av OpenOffice.org. Den empiriske
5774 delen av oppgaven er delt inn i to seksjoner; den første omhandler
5775 operativsystemet Skolelinux, den andre kontorprogrampakken
5776 OpenOffice.org.</p>
5777
5778 <p>Som vi vil se gir GPL lokal frihet og kontroll gjennom omfordeling
5779 av makt fra produsent til bruker. Brukerens makt analyseres gjennom
5780 begrepene brukermedvirkning og handlingsfrihet. Det blir også lagt
5781 vekt på strukturelle forhold rundt bruken av teknologi, og spesielt de
5782 økonomiske begrepene nettverkseksternaliteter, innlåsing og
5783 stiavhengighet. Dette er begreper av spesiell nytte når objektet som
5784 omsettes eller distribueres er et kommunikasjonsprodukt, fordi verdien
5785 til et slikt gode for en potensiell bruker avhenger av antall
5786 eksisterende brukere av godet. I tilknytning til denne problematikken
5787 inneholder oppgaven også en diskusjon rundt åpne standarder og
5788 formater.</p>
5789
5790 <p>Oppgaven konkluderer med at de «fire frihetene» som GPL-lisensen er
5791 laget for å beskytte er av avgjørende betydning for bruken av
5792 OpenOffice.org og Skolelinux, i Akershus fylkeskommune såvel som i
5793 skolene i Nittedal. Distribusjonen av handlekraft er ikke helt
5794 symmetrisk. Det er først og fremst de profesjonelle utviklerne i
5795 Skolelinux som direkte kan nyttiggjøre seg friheten til å endre kode,
5796 mens en sluttbruker som Nittedal kommune nyttiggjør seg den økonomiske
5797 friheten til å kunne distribuere programmene. Det er imidlertid også
5798 slik at ingen aktør klarer seg uten alle disse «frihetene».</p>
5799 </blockquote></p>
5800
5801 <p>Jeg fant også en masteroppgave fra 2006, men der ligger ikke
5802 komplett oppgave tilgjengelig.  På tide å holde et øye med
5803 <a href="http://www.duo.uio.no/sok/search.html?q=skolelinux">Skolelinux-søket</a>
5804 til DUO...</p>
5805
5806
5807       </div>
5808       <div class="tags">
5809
5810
5811         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
5812
5813
5814       </div>
5815     </div>
5816     <div class="padding"></div>
5817
5818     <div class="entry">
5819       <div class="title">
5820         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Andreas_Mundt.html">Debian Edu interview: Andreas Mundt</a>
5821       </div>
5822       <div class="date">
5823         15th April 2012
5824       </div>
5825       <div class="body">
5826         <p>Behind <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
5827 Skolelinux</a> there are a lot of people doing the hard work of
5828 setting together all the pieces.  This time I present to you Andreas
5829 Mundt, who have been part of the technical development team several
5830 years.  He was also a key contributor in getting GOsa and Kerberos set
5831 up in the recently released
5832 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
5833 Edu Squeeze</a> version.</p>
5834
5835 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5836
5837 <p>My name is Andreas Mundt, I grew up in south Germany.  After
5838 studying Physics I spent several years at university doing research in
5839 Quantum Optics.  After that I worked some years in an optics company.
5840 Finally I decided to turn over a new leaf in my life and started
5841 teaching 10 to 19 years old kids at school.  I teach math, physics,
5842 information technology and science/technology.</p>
5843
5844 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5845 project?</strong></p>
5846
5847 <p>Already before I switched to teaching, I followed the Debian Edu
5848 project because of my interest in education and Debian.  Within the
5849 qualification/training period for the teaching, I started
5850 contributing.</p>
5851
5852 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5853 Edu?</strong></p>
5854
5855 <p>The advantages of Debian Edu are the well known name, the
5856 out-of-the-box philosophy and of course the great free software of the
5857 Debian Project!</p>
5858
5859 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5860 Edu?</strong></p>
5861
5862 <p>As every coin has two sides, the out-of-the-box philosophy has its
5863 downside, too.  In my opinion, it is hard to modify and tweak the
5864 setup, if you need or want that.  Further more, it is not easily
5865 possible to upgrade the system to a new release.  It takes much too
5866 long after a Debian release to prepare the -Edu release, perhaps
5867 because the number of developers working on the core of the code is
5868 rather small and often busy elsewhere.</p>
5869
5870 <p>The <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianLAN">Debian LAN</a>
5871 project might fill the use case of a more flexible system.</p>
5872
5873 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5874
5875 <p>I am only using non-free software if I am forced to and run Debian
5876 on all my machines.  For documents I prefer LaTeX and PGF/TikZ, then
5877 mutt and iceweasel for email respectively web browsing.  At school I
5878 have Arduino and Fritzing in use for a micro controller project.</p>
5879
5880 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5881 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5882
5883 <p>One of the major problems is the vendor lock-in from top to bottom:
5884 Especially in combination with ignorant government employees and
5885 politicians, this works out great for the "market-leader".  The school
5886 administration here in Baden-Wuerttemberg is occupied by that vendor.
5887 Documents have to be prepared in non-free, proprietary formats.  Even
5888 free browsers do not work for the school administration.  Publishers
5889 of school books provide software only for proprietary platforms.</p>
5890
5891 <p>To change this, political work is very important.  Parts of the
5892 political spectrum have become aware of the problem in the last years.
5893 However it takes quite some time and courageous politicians to 'free'
5894 the system.  There is currently some discussion about "Open Data" and
5895 "Free/Open Standards".  I am not sure if all the involved parties have
5896 a clue about the potential of these ideas, and probably only a
5897 fraction takes them seriously.  However it might slowly make free
5898 software and the philosophy behind it more known and popular.</p>
5899
5900       </div>
5901       <div class="tags">
5902
5903
5904         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5905
5906
5907       </div>
5908     </div>
5909     <div class="padding"></div>
5910
5911     <div class="entry">
5912       <div class="title">
5913         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Justin_B__Rye.html">Debian Edu interview: Justin B. Rye</a>
5914       </div>
5915       <div class="date">
5916          8th April 2012
5917       </div>
5918       <div class="body">
5919         <p>It take all kind of contributions to create a Linux distribution
5920 like <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>,
5921 and this time I lend the ear to Justin B. Rye, who is listed as a big
5922 contributor to the
5923 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">Debian
5924 Edu Squeeze release manual</a>.
5925
5926 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
5927
5928 <p>I'm a 44-year-old linguistics graduate living in Edinburgh who has
5929 occasionally been employed as a sysadmin.</p>
5930
5931 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
5932 project?</strong></p>
5933
5934 <p>I'm neither a developer nor a Skolelinux/Debian Edu user!  The only
5935 reason my name's in the credits for the documentation is that I hang
5936 around on debian-l10n-english waiting for people to mention things
5937 they'd like a native English speaker to proofread...  So I did a sweep
5938 through the wiki for typos and Norglish and inconsistent spellings of
5939 "localisation".</p>
5940
5941 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5942 Edu?</strong></p>
5943
5944 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
5945 Edu?</strong></p>
5946
5947 <p>These questions are too hard for me - I don't use it!  In fact I
5948 had hardly any contact with I.T. until long after I'd got out of the
5949 education system.</p>
5950
5951 <p>I can tell you the advantages of Debian for me though: it soaks up
5952 as much of my free time as I want and no more, and lets me do
5953 everything I want a computer for without ever forcing me to spend
5954 money on the latest hardware.</p>
5955
5956 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
5957
5958 <p>I've been using Debian since Rex; popularity-contest says the
5959 software that I use most is xinit, xterm, and xulrunner (in other
5960 words, I use a distinctly retro sort of desktop).</p>
5961
5962 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
5963 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
5964
5965 <p>Well, I don't know.  I suppose I'd be inclined to try reasoning
5966 with the people who make the decisions, but obviously if that worked
5967 you would hardly need a strategy.</p>
5968
5969       </div>
5970       <div class="tags">
5971
5972
5973         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
5974
5975
5976       </div>
5977     </div>
5978     <div class="padding"></div>
5979
5980     <div class="entry">
5981       <div class="title">
5982         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_the_KDE_menu_is_slow_when__usr__is_NFS_mounted___and_a_workaround.html">Why the KDE menu is slow when /usr/ is NFS mounted - and a workaround</a>
5983       </div>
5984       <div class="date">
5985          6th April 2012
5986       </div>
5987       <div class="body">
5988         <p>Recently I have spent time with
5989 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> on speeding
5990 up a <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
5991 Lenny installation using LTSP diskless workstations, and in the
5992 process I discovered something very surprising.  The reason the KDE
5993 menu was responding slow when using it for the first time, was mostly
5994 due to the way KDE find application icons.  I discovered that showing
5995 the Multimedia menu would cause more than 20 000 IP packages to be
5996 passed between the LTSP client and the NFS server.  Most of these were
5997
5998 NFS LOOKUP calls, resulting in a NFS3ERR_NOENT response.  Because the
5999 ping times between the client and the server were in the range 2-20
6000 ms, the menus would be very slow.  Looking at the strace of kicker in
6001 Lenny (or plasma-desktop i Squeeze - same problem there), I see that
6002 the source of these NFS calls are access(2) system calls for
6003 non-existing files.  KDE can do hundreds of access(2) calls to find
6004 one icon file.  In my example, just finding the mplayer icon required
6005 around 230 access(2) calls.</p>
6006
6007 <p>The KDE code seem to search for icons using a list of icon
6008 directories, and the list of possible directories is large.  In
6009 (almost) each directory, it look for files ending in .png, .svgz, .svg
6010 and .xpm.  The result is a very slow KDE menu when /usr/ is NFS
6011 mounted.  Showing a single sub menu may result in thousands of NFS
6012 requests.  I am not the first one to discover this.  I found a
6013 <a href="https://bugs.kde.org/show_bug.cgi?id=211416">KDE bug report
6014 from 2009</a> about this problem, and it is still unsolved.</p>
6015
6016 <p>My solution to speed up the KDE menu was to create a package
6017 kde-icon-cache that upon installation will look at all .desktop files
6018 used to generate the KDE menu, find their icons, search the icon paths
6019 for the file that KDE will end up finding at run time, and copying the
6020 icon file to /var/lib/kde-icon-cache/.  Finally, I add symlinks to
6021 these icon files in one of the first directories where KDE will look
6022 for them.  This cut down the number of file accesses required to find
6023 one icon from several hundred to less than 5, and make the KDE menu
6024 almost instantaneous.  I'm not quite sure where to make the package
6025 publicly available, so for now it is only available on request.</p>
6026
6027 <p>The bug report mention that this do not only affect the KDE menu
6028 and icon handling, but also the login process.  Not quite sure how to
6029 speed up that part without replacing NFS with for example NBD, and
6030 that is not really an option at the moment.</p>
6031
6032 <p>If you got feedback on this issue, please let us know on debian-edu
6033 (at) lists.debian.org.</p>
6034
6035       </div>
6036       <div class="tags">
6037
6038
6039         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6040
6041
6042       </div>
6043     </div>
6044     <div class="padding"></div>
6045
6046     <div class="entry">
6047       <div class="title">
6048         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_in_the_Linux_Weekly_News.html">Debian Edu in the Linux Weekly News</a>
6049       </div>
6050       <div class="date">
6051          5th April 2012
6052       </div>
6053       <div class="body">
6054         <p>About two weeks ago, I was interviewed via email about
6055 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a> by
6056 Bruce Byfield in Linux Weekly News.  The result was made public for
6057 non-subscribers today.  I am pleased to see liked our Linux solution
6058 for schools.  Check out his article
6059 <a href="https://lwn.net/Articles/488805/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux: A
6060 distribution for education</a> if you want to learn more.</p>
6061
6062       </div>
6063       <div class="tags">
6064
6065
6066         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6067
6068
6069       </div>
6070     </div>
6071     <div class="padding"></div>
6072
6073     <div class="entry">
6074       <div class="title">
6075         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Wolfgang_Schweer.html">Debian Edu interview: Wolfgang Schweer</a>
6076       </div>
6077       <div class="date">
6078          1st April 2012
6079       </div>
6080       <div class="body">
6081         <p>Germany is a core area for the
6082 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and Skolelinux</a>
6083 user community, and this time I managed to get hold of Wolfgang
6084 Schweer, a valuable contributor to the project from Germany.
6085
6086 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6087
6088 <p>I've studied Mathematics at the university 'Ruhr-Universität' in
6089 Bochum, Germany. Since 1981 I'm working as a teacher at the school
6090 "<a href="http://www.westfalenkolleg-dortmund.de/">Westfalen-Kolleg
6091 Dortmund</a>", a second chance school.  Here, young adults is given
6092 the opportunity to get further education in order to do the school
6093 examination 'Abitur', which will allow to study at a university. This
6094 second chance is of value for those who want a better job perspective
6095 or failed to get a higher school examination being teens.</p>
6096
6097 <p>Besides teaching I was involved in developing online courses for a
6098 blended learning project called 'abitur-online.nrw' and in some other
6099 information technology related projects. For about ten years I've been
6100 teacher and coordinator for the 'abitur-online' project at my
6101 school. Being now in my early sixties, I've decided to leave school at
6102 the end of April this year.</p>
6103
6104 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6105 project?</strong></p>
6106
6107 <p>The first information about Skolelinux must have come to my
6108 attention years ago and somehow related to LTSP (Linux Terminal Server
6109 Project).  At school, we had set up a network at the beginning of 1997
6110 using Suse Linux on the desktop, replacing a Novell network. Since
6111 2002, we used old machines from the city council of Dortmund as thin
6112 clients (LTSP, later Ubuntu/Lessdisks) cause new hardware was out of
6113 reach. At home I'm using Debian since years and - subscribed to the
6114 Debian news letter - heard from time to time about Skolelinux. About
6115 two years ago I proposed to replace the (somehow undocumented and only
6116 known to me) system at school by a well known Debian based system:
6117 Skolelinux.</p>
6118
6119 <p>Students and teachers appreciated the new system because of a
6120 better look and feel and an enhanced access to local media on thin
6121 clients.  The possibility to alter and/or reset passwords using a GUI
6122 was welcomed, too. Being able to do administrative tasks using a GUI
6123 and to easily set up workstations using PXE was of very high value for
6124 the admin teachers.</p>
6125
6126 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6127 Edu?</strong></p>
6128
6129 <p>It's open source, easy to set up, stable and flexible due to it's
6130 Debian base. It integrates LTSP out-of-the-box. And it is documented!
6131 So it was a perfect choice.</p>
6132
6133 <p>Being open source, there are no license problems and so it's
6134 possible to point teachers and students to programs like
6135 OpenOffice.org, ViewYourMind (mind mapping) and The Gimp.  It's of
6136 high value to be able to adapt parts of the system to special needs of
6137 a school and to choose where to get support for this.</p>
6138
6139 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6140 Edu?</strong></p>
6141
6142 <p>Nothing yet.</p>
6143
6144 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6145
6146 <p>At home (Debian Sid with Gnome Desktop): Iceweasel, LibreOffice,
6147 Mutt, Gedit, Document Viewer, Midnight Commander, flpsed (PDF
6148 Annotator).  At school (Skolelinux Lenny): Iceweasel, Gedit,
6149 LibreOffice.</p>
6150
6151 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6152 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6153
6154 <p>Some time ago I thought it was enough to tell people about it. But
6155 that doesn't seem to work quite well. Now I concentrate on those more
6156 interested and hope to get multiplicators that way.</p>
6157
6158       </div>
6159       <div class="tags">
6160
6161
6162         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6163
6164
6165       </div>
6166     </div>
6167     <div class="padding"></div>
6168
6169     <div class="entry">
6170       <div class="title">
6171         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Linux_skoler_har_h_yere_PC_tetthet_enn_landsgjennomsnittet___pressemelding_fra_FRiSK.html">Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn landsgjennomsnittet - pressemelding fra FRiSK</a>
6172       </div>
6173       <div class="date">
6174         30th March 2012
6175       </div>
6176       <div class="body">
6177         <p>I dag har <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no">FRiSK</a>
6178 sendt ut følgende pressemelding basert på mine beregninger av
6179 PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler:</p>
6180
6181 <p><strong>Linux-skoler har høyere PC-tetthet enn
6182 landsgjennomsnittet</strong></p>
6183
6184 <p>Oslo, 30 Mars 2012</p>
6185
6186 <p>Det er store forskjeller på skolenes digitale tilstand, viser
6187 undersøkelsen Monitor 2011 som er laget på oppdrag fra
6188 Kunnskapsdepartementet. Dette har ført til debatt om PC-tilgangen i
6189 skolen, og om de med Linux i skolen gjør det bedre bedre eller
6190 dårligere enn snittet i landet.</p>
6191
6192 <p>Nå har vi tallene. Skoler med Linux har 36% større PC-tetthet en
6193 landsgjennomsnittet. På spørsmål hvorfor skoler med Linux har større
6194 PC-tetthet, observerer Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken som er IKT-konsulent i
6195 Nord-Odal:</p>
6196
6197 <p><blockquote>"Vi erfarer at klienter med Skolelinux har god funksjon
6198 til de er 8 til 10 år gamle. Dette er omtrent dobbelt så lenge som
6199 andre løsninger, og skolene får mer datautstyr for
6200 pengene."</blockquote></p>
6201
6202 <p>Undersøkelsen baserer seg på 56 skoler som har gjort det offentlig
6203 at de kjører Skolelinux eller annen Linux-utgave. De kan også ha PC-er
6204 med Windows i skolenettet. Når en sammenligner PC-tetthetene på
6205 skolene i kommunene Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik, Nittedal,
6206 Nord-Odal og Randaberg, er det i snitt 2,28 elev pr. PC på skolene med
6207 Linux. På landsbasis er det 3.11 elev per PC i grunnskolen, i følge
6208 side 95 i Monitor-rapporten for 2011. Målingen viser dermed 36% større
6209 PC-tetthet i skoler med Linux.</p>
6210
6211 <p><strong>Om Skolelinux/Debian Edu</strong></p>
6212
6213 <p>Skolelinux har til hensikt å gi alle barn full tilgang til
6214 skoleaktuelle dataprogram på sitt eget morsmål. Derfor følger det med
6215 godt over 100 skoleaktuelle programmene laget for læring. De fleste
6216 programmene er oversatt til over 50 språk. Elevene skal også kunne
6217 studere alle sider av dataprogrammene. Derfor følger også kildekode
6218 med. Elever med interesse kan lære av eksperter som har laget
6219 systemet. Dette med enkelt programmering i læreprogram som KTurtle,
6220 til profesjonelle verktøy som Qt Creator eller Java.</p>
6221
6222 <p>Skolelinux er laget for sentralisert drift, der alt teknisk
6223 administrasjon av alle skolene kan gjøres sentralt fra kommunehuset
6224 eller sentralt i en region.  F.eks. drifter to-tre personer 70.000
6225 skoledatamaskiner på 200 skoler i delstaten Extremadura i
6226 Spania. Etter velykket bruk av Debian Edu i skolen, legger delstaten
6227 over til Debian på 40.000 datamaskiner i administrasjonen. Det er idag
6228 mange selskap som tilbyr profesjonell støtte til innføring og drift i
6229 Norge og verden.</p>
6230
6231 <p><strong>Om FRiSK</strong></p>
6232
6233 <p>Medlemsforeningen Fri Programvare i Skolen organiserer
6234 dugnadsprosjektet som står bak Skolelinux.</p>
6235
6236 <p><strong>Kontaktperson</strong></p>
6237
6238 <p>Knut Yrvin</p>
6239
6240 <p>Leder av Fri Programvare i Skolen (FRISK)</p>
6241
6242 <p>Epost: knuty at skolelinux.no
6243 <br>Mobil: +47 93 479 561</p>
6244
6245 <p><strong>Referanser</strong></p>
6246
6247 <p><ul>
6248
6249  <li><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">http://www.skolelinux.org/</a></li>
6250  <li><a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/</a></li>
6251  <li><a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download">http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Download</a></li>
6252  <li><a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">https://www.wis.no/gsi</a></li>
6253  <li><a href="http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf">http://iktsenteret.no/sites/iktsenteret.no/files/attachments/monitor2011.pdf</a></li>
6254  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html</a></li>
6255  <li><a href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html">https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/linuxiskolen/2012-March/018500.html</a></li>
6256
6257 </ul></p>
6258
6259       </div>
6260       <div class="tags">
6261
6262
6263         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6264
6265
6266       </div>
6267     </div>
6268     <div class="padding"></div>
6269
6270     <div class="entry">
6271       <div class="title">
6272         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Roy_Arne_Myhre.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Roy-Arne Myhre</a>
6273       </div>
6274       <div class="date">
6275         28th March 2012
6276       </div>
6277       <div class="body">
6278         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
6279 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi
6280 denne gangen høre fra en IKT-ansvarlig som har brukt Skolelinux i
6281 mange år, og vært storfornøyd med erfaringene så langt.</p>
6282
6283 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6284
6285 <p>Mitt navn er Roy-Arne Myhre og jeg er 42 år.  Jeg er ansatt hos
6286 <a href="http://www.sandskole.no/">Sand skole</a> (Balsfjord kommune)
6287 og har stort sett vært det siden 1990.  Jeg er IKT ansvarlig ved
6288 skolen i 40% stilling – 10% undervisning – musikk.</p>
6289
6290 <p>Ved skolen er det ca 100 elever og ca 18 lærere + 4 assistenter i
6291 hele og delte stillinger. Alle lærerne har bærbar PC (dessverre med
6292 Win Vista) – assistenter har tilgang til egne. Vi benytter Fronter i
6293 det daglige arbeidet.  Vi har ca 90 elevmaskiner som fungerer til
6294 daglig opp mot Linux server (XFCE) som driftes av
6295 <a href="http://www.bzz.no/">BzzWare AS</a> via nett. Maskinparken
6296 består kun av brukt utstyr for elevene – og noe av dette begynner å
6297 bli vel gammelt selv som halvtykke klienter.</p>
6298
6299 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med
6300 Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6301
6302 <p>Vi kom første gang i kontakt med Skolelinux rundt 1997. Den gang
6303 var det oppstart-disketter i hver maskin, ikke mulighet for lyd og
6304 video, gamle nettverkskort og mye plundring.  Vi hadde en ihuga
6305 forelder med som pådriver, forsker og inspirator for hele opplegget.
6306 Selv ante jeg knapt at Skolelinux fantes, men han var av den
6307 utforskende typen, og fikk både meg og skolelederen i trua på at dette
6308 var ting som kunne fungere.  Etter dette har det gått gradvis
6309 framover; flere maskiner er hentet inn gjennom bl.a
6310 <a href="http://www.greentech.no/">Greentech</a> og utrangert utstyr
6311 fra høgskole / Avinor og private givere. Når maskinene ble for trege
6312 for nye Windows-versjoner, sto vi klare til å putte dem i nettverket
6313 vårt.  Dette betyr at vi i dag har 1:1 dekning av maskiner på
6314 ungdomstrinnet og bedre enn 1:2 på barnetrinnet. Dette er vi veldig
6315 fornøyd med, og vi kan ikke se for oss hverdagen som ville vært
6316 alternativet ved bruk av Windows med sine lisenser pr. Bruker/maskin.
6317 Da ville vi nok vært tilbake til 1-2 maskiner pr klasserom med de
6318 negative konsekvenser det ville hatt for undervisningsformene våre. Vi
6319 kan ha en hel klasse i prosjektjobbing eller individuell jobbing
6320 samtidig – vi kan avholde tentamen og eksamen uten
6321 logistikkproblemer.</p>
6322
6323 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6324
6325 Hvor skal jeg begynne... Stabiliteten er et nøkkelord - det bare
6326 virker.  Har du først fått en server med Skolelinux opp og gå, så må
6327 det en maskinarefeil eller sabotasje til for å stoppe den.  Det at man
6328 kan bruke eldre maskiner som normalt sett ville gått på dynga, er også
6329 glimrende - billig for skoler med dårlig økonomi og bra for miljøet
6330 siden vi gjenbruker utstyr i stedet for å skaffe nytt. Vi ville aldri
6331 hatt mulighet til å operere med det maskinantallet vi har pr i dag
6332 hvis det ikke var for Skolelinux - så tilgjengelighet er et annet
6333 nøkkelord. Et tredje moment er sikkerhet og brukertilgang. Alle
6334 brukerer opererer med egne brukernavn og passord, samt egne
6335 brukerområder som kan tilpasses for både enbrukertilgang og for
6336 samarbeid med andre.
6337
6338 Elever har godt av å se at det finnes andre alternativer enn de som
6339 storindustrien selger på lisensbasis - på den måten trenes de opp til
6340 å se flere muligheter og å foreta valg ut fra flere opsjoner.
6341
6342 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6343
6344 <p>Ulempene med Skolelinux er nok utbredelsen og mangelen på kjennskap
6345 til dette i skolenorge.  De som skal ta økonomiske avgjørelser rynker
6346 på nesen og vil gå for det kjente og «sikre» selv om det koster mye
6347 mer. Man får rett og slett litt hetta av å ikke kunne noe – og unngår
6348 dette for enhver pris.</p>
6349
6350 <p>I tillegg er mye av linux-systemet administrert av tekstkommandoer
6351 og er lite intuitiv/visuell for oss som ikke er «inne i»
6352 kildekodene». Så problemet er nok mye godt at de som
6353 utarbeider/drifter Skolelinux ikke helt klarer å sette seg ned på
6354 skoleadministratorens nivå når det gjelder problemer og
6355 utfordringer. Men dette er nok en utfordring alle administratorer
6356 sliter med uansett OS.</p>
6357
6358 <p>Derfor har vi valgt å støtte oss til BzzWare AS for assistanse i
6359 drifta slik at jeg har kunnet konsentrere meg mer om kabling, skifting
6360 av komponenter, veiledning av lærere og elever, vedlikehold av
6361 skrivere og annen daglig drift.</p>
6362
6363 <p>Elevene mestrer Skolelinux helt fint.  Så lenge Internett
6364 (Iceweasel) og Libreoffice (Openoffice) fungerer er 90% av
6365 skolehverdagen velfungerende. I tillegg brukes jo en del av den
6366 pedagogiske programpakken bla. i forhold til matematikk og geografi,
6367 men det er såpass mye bra på nett om dagen, så disse programmene er
6368 mer som krydder å regne.</p>
6369
6370 <p>Jeg skulle ønske neste versjon av Skolelinux kunne komme litt
6371 mindre stappet med programmer, for halvparten blir aldri brukt, eller
6372 fungerer ikke uansett.  Hva med et pedagogisk panel av lærere/IKT
6373 ansvarlige som kunne sagt: disse programmene skal være standard, så
6374 får resten være slike man kan legge til ved behov – det kan lett bli
6375 en jungel å bevege seg i.</p>
6376
6377 <p>Jeg ønsker meg også en mer grafisk versjon av
6378 <a href="http://bzz.no/lwat/trac/trac.cgi">Lwat</a> hvor man kan krysse
6379 ut de som f.eks ikke skal ha internett-tilgang en dag pga
6380 eksamen/tentamen, samt en noe enklere brannmurløsning hvor man kan
6381 stenge for en del (få) sider på en enkel måte.  Jeg liker godt
6382 Skolelinux sin ideologi om at filteret skal trenes i hodet på eleven –
6383 men av og til skulle jeg ønske at f.eks Facebook og Youtube kunne vært
6384 koblet vekk en periode for å få bedre utnyttelse av tid og
6385 ressurser. Disse to nettstedene er nok mye av årsaken til at mange
6386 lærere holder igjen databruken noe mer enn man kunne ønske.</p>
6387
6388 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6389
6390 Jeg benytter nesten bare fri programvare til daglig. LibreOffice,
6391 Iceweasel (Firefox), Thunderbird til e-post og Gimp til
6392 bildebehandling.  Vi har PHP-Nuke-oppsatt hjemmeside. Det eneste som
6393 jeg ikke har fått helt til enda er videoredigering - her må man vel
6394 innrømme at Mac er hakket over, men da er vi igjen over på å se hva
6395 som egner seg best, og ta valg ut fra det. Folk flest lever i
6396 villfarelsen om at regneark HETER Excel og tekstbehandling HETER
6397 Word. Dette er en misforståelse som jeg bruker mye energi på å
6398 diskutere og "åpne sinn" på Microsoft-slaver.  Dessverre er det mange
6399 IKT-ansvarlige som også har låst seg på at det eneste saliggjørende er
6400 Bill G sine produkter.
6401
6402 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6403 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6404
6405 <p>For å komme lenger i utbredelsen av Skolelinux tror jeg det må mer
6406 fram i nasjonale medier, samt komme bedre fram hva økonomien i dette
6407 valget vil være – samt mulighetene. Fri programvare er en berikelse og
6408 gjør oss i stand til å utføre arbeidet i skolen uten å måtte legge
6409 igjen tusener på tusener i Bill Gates lomme.. Få ETT nettsted med
6410 forståelig veiledning av installasjon/oppgradering og ETT forum med
6411 konkrete feilrettinger og problemer, så tror jeg vi kunne kommet et
6412 par skritt framover. Ellers tror jeg bare at ildsjelene må fortsette å
6413 skinne – kanskje flere enn oss følger etter på veien.</p>
6414
6415       </div>
6416       <div class="tags">
6417
6418
6419         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6420
6421
6422       </div>
6423     </div>
6424     <div class="padding"></div>
6425
6426     <div class="entry">
6427       <div class="title">
6428         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Checking_email_with_kmail_using_Kerberos_authentication.html">Debian Edu screencast: Checking email with kmail using Kerberos authentication</a>
6429       </div>
6430       <div class="date">
6431         25th March 2012
6432       </div>
6433       <div class="body">
6434         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6435
6436 <p>The same Debian Edu developer that did the last screen cast I
6437 published, Wolfgang Schweer, has created a new screen cast showing how
6438 to set up Kmail in Debian Edu Squeze to authenticate using Kerberos,
6439 allowing users to check their local email account without providing
6440 any password. The video is embedded here in quarter size,
6441 and also available from <a href="https://vimeo.com/38601767">vimeo</a>
6442 and download as a
6443 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg
6444 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6445
6446 <p><video id="kmail-kerberos-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6447   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6448     <p>Download video as
6449       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-03-14-Debian-Edu_Configure_Kmail_for_internal_usage.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6450 </video></p>
6451
6452       </div>
6453       <div class="tags">
6454
6455
6456         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6457
6458
6459       </div>
6460     </div>
6461     <div class="padding"></div>
6462
6463     <div class="entry">
6464       <div class="title">
6465         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/St_rre_PC_tetthet_i_skolen_med_Skolelinux_.html">Større PC-tetthet i skolen med Skolelinux?</a>
6466       </div>
6467       <div class="date">
6468         19th March 2012
6469       </div>
6470       <div class="body">
6471         <p>Den siste uka har det vært en del skriverier om hvor store
6472 forskjeller det er mellom skolene når det gjelder digital kompetanse.
6473 Et eksempel er
6474 <a href="http://www.digi.no/891660/bekymret-for-it-i-skolen">oppslaget
6475 i Digi</a>.  Diskusjonen fikk meg til å bli litt nysgjerrig på om
6476 Linux-skoler har større PC-tettet enn snittet i landet.  Grunnlaget
6477 for diskusjonen har vært undersøkelsen
6478 <a href="https://iktsenteret.no/ressurser/monitor-2011-skolens-digitale-tilstand">Monitor
6479 2011</a>, som bruker informasjon fra
6480 <a href="https://www.wis.no/gsi">Grunnskolens Informasjonssystem</a>
6481 (GSI).  GSI-data kan lastes ned fra web og jeg lastet ned en Excel-fil
6482 (intet åpen standard-valg tilgjengelig) med navn på alle skoler,
6483 hvilke kommune de befinner seg i og hvor mange elever pr. elev-PC de
6484 har rapportert inn.  For å få en ide om svaret trenger jeg deretter å
6485 vite hvilke skoler i landet som bruker Linux, slik at jeg kan slå dem
6486 opp i GSI og finne ut hvor stor PC-tetthet de har.</p>
6487
6488 <p>Jeg vet om skoler i Balsfjord, Flora, Harstad, Kongsvinger, Narvik,
6489 Nittedal, Nord-Odal, Randaberg og Sunndal som bruker Skolelinux eller
6490 andre Linux-varianter.  Jeg tror det er flere enn de 56 skolene jeg
6491 har klart å identifisere de siste dagene, men har ikke klart å få det
6492 bekreftet med offentlige kilder.</p>
6493
6494 <p>Monitor 2011-rapporteres side 95 forteller at det "ifølge GSI
6495 (20120-2011) er det 3,11 elever per datamaskin når vi tar med alle
6496 grunnskoler (1.-10.trinn)".  For de 56 Linux-skolene jeg har klart å
6497 koble mot informasjon i GSI er det 2,28 elever per elevdatamaskin,
6498 hvilket betyr at det er 36% høyere PC-tetthet på Linux-skoler enn
6499 landsgjennomsnittet.  Linux-skolen med høyest tettet blant de jeg har
6500 notert -skole er Flora ungdomsskule i Flora kommune med 0.82 elev
6501 pr. PC (482 elever, 588 elevdatamaskiner).</p>
6502
6503 <p>Skolelinux gir datamaskiner lengre levetid, og en kan dermed få
6504 flere operative datamaskiner for samme budsjett, i tillegg til en
6505 rekke andre fordeler.  Kan det være forklaringen på forskjellen?</p>
6506
6507 <p>Tallene må tas med en liten klype, da GSI ser ut til å ha endel
6508 feilføringer.  Jeg synes i hvert fall en skole med 423 elever og 9
6509 elevmaskiner ser mistenkelig ut.  Eller en skole med 346 elever, 0
6510 elevmaskiner, som er et annet ekstremt eksempel jeg fant.</p>
6511
6512 <p>Takk til Sturle Sunde, Klaus Ade Johnstad, Ole-Anders Andreassen og
6513 Trond Mæhlum for innspill om skoler med Linux.</p>
6514
6515       </div>
6516       <div class="tags">
6517
6518
6519         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6520
6521
6522       </div>
6523     </div>
6524     <div class="padding"></div>
6525
6526     <div class="entry">
6527       <div class="title">
6528         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__John_Ingleby.html">Debian Edu interview: John Ingleby</a>
6529       </div>
6530       <div class="date">
6531         19th March 2012
6532       </div>
6533       <div class="body">
6534         <p><a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
6535 users are spread all across the globe.  The second inteview after
6536 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">the
6537 Squeeze release</a> was publised is with John Ingleby, a teacher and
6538 long time Linux user in United Kingdom.</p>
6539
6540 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6541
6542 <p>I teach ICT part time at the Rudolf Steiner School in Kings
6543 Langley, near London, UK. Previously I worked as a technical
6544 author/trainer while my children attended the school, and I also
6545 contributed to the Schoolforge UK community with the aim of
6546 encouraging UK schools to adopt free/open source software. Five or six
6547 years ago we had about 50 schools interested in some way, but we
6548 weren't able to convert many of them into sustainable
6549 installations.</p>
6550
6551 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6552 project?</strong></p>
6553
6554 <p>Skolelinux had two representatives at an early Edubuntu meeting in
6555 London which I attended. However at that time our school network had
6556 just been installed using CentOS, LTSP 4 and GNOME. When LTSP 5 came
6557 along we switched to Edubuntu thin client servers so now we have a
6558 mixed environment which includes Windows PCs and student laptops, as
6559 well as their MacBooks and iPads. However, the proprietary systems
6560 have always been rather problematic, and we never built a GUI for the
6561 LDAP server, so when I discovered Skolelinux is configured for all
6562 these things we decided to try it.</p>
6563
6564 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6565 Edu?</strong></p>
6566
6567 <p>By far the biggest advantage is the Debian Edu community. Apart
6568 from that I have always believed in the same "sustainable computing"
6569 goals that Skolelinux is built on: installing Linux on computers which
6570 would otherwise be thrown away, to provide a reliable, secure and
6571 low-cost IT environment for schools. From my own experience I know
6572 that a part-time person can teach and manage a network of about 25
6573 Linux computers, but it would take much more of my time if we had
6574 proprietary software everywhere.</p>
6575
6576 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6577 Edu?</strong></p>
6578
6579 <p>As a newcomer I'm just finding out who's who in the community and
6580 how you're organised, and what your procedures are for dealing with
6581 various things such as editing manual pages and so-on. The only
6582 English language mailing list seems to be for developers as well as
6583 users, so my inbox needs heavy pruning each day!</p>
6584
6585 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6586
6587 <p>Besides the software already mentioned at school we use Samba,
6588 OpenLDAP, CUPS, Nagios and Dansguardian for the network, and on the
6589 desktops we have LibreOffice, Firefox, GIMP and Inkscape. At home I
6590 use Ubuntu and an Android 4 eePad Transformer (but I'm not sure if
6591 that counts...)</p>
6592
6593 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6594 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6595
6596 <p>That's a tough question! For very many years UK schools installed
6597 and taught only proprietary software, so that at the highest levels
6598 the notion of "computer" means simply "proprietary office
6599 applications".  However, schools today are experiencing budget
6600 constraints, and many are having to think hard about upgrading Windows
6601 XP.  At the same time, we have students showing teachers how to use
6602 iPads, MacBooks and Android, so the choice of operating system is no
6603 longer quite so automatic. What is more, our government at last
6604 realised that we need people with programming skills, so they're
6605 putting coding back in the curriculum! And it's encouraging that the
6606 first 10,000 Raspberry Pi units sold out in 2 hours.</p>
6607
6608 <p>I don't really know what strategy is going to get UK schools to use
6609 free software, but building an active community of Skolelinux/Debian
6610 Edu users in this country has to be part of it.</p>
6611
6612       </div>
6613       <div class="tags">
6614
6615
6616         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6617
6618
6619       </div>
6620     </div>
6621     <div class="padding"></div>
6622
6623     <div class="entry">
6624       <div class="title">
6625         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Writing_and_translating_documentation_in_Debian_Edu.html">Writing and translating documentation in Debian Edu</a>
6626       </div>
6627       <div class="date">
6628         16th March 2012
6629       </div>
6630       <div class="body">
6631         <p>Documentation in Debian Edu is provided in several languages, and
6632 it is important to make it both easy to contribute and to keep the
6633 translated versions in sync.  To do this we have come up with what we
6634 believe is a very efficient work flow.</p>
6635
6636 <ol>
6637
6638 <li>The documentation is written in a
6639 <a href="http://moinmo.in">moinmoin wiki</a> (see for example
6640 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze">the
6641 Squeeze release manual</a>) with support for exporting the content as
6642 docbook XML.</li>
6643
6644 <li>This docbook document is given to po4a to extract a gettext style
6645 .pot file with the content, which in turn is used to create .po files
6646 with the translated text.</li>
6647
6648 <li>The .po files are given to translators, and they can always tell
6649 which part of the original wiki document is new or changed.  They can
6650 use their normal translation tools like lokalize or poedit to write
6651 the translation.  There is even a system in place to handle translated
6652 images.</li>
6653
6654 <li>The translated .po files are combined with the original docbook
6655 XML document using po4a to create a translated docbook document.</li>
6656
6657 <li>The final step is to use all the generated docbook files and
6658 create PDF and HTML version of the original and translated documents.</li>
6659
6660 </ol>
6661
6662 <p>This setup work very well, but have a few issues.  The biggest
6663 issue is that <a href="http://moinmo.in/DocBook">the docbook support
6664 we use in moinmoin</a> is not actively maintained.  The docbook
6665 support is also buggy, and our build system contain workarounds to
6666 make sure the generated docbook is usable despite these bugs.</p>
6667
6668 <p>If you want to have a look at our setup, it is all there in the
6669 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/debian-edu-doc">debian-edu-doc
6670 package</a>.</p>
6671
6672       </div>
6673       <div class="tags">
6674
6675
6676         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6677
6678
6679       </div>
6680     </div>
6681     <div class="padding"></div>
6682
6683     <div class="entry">
6684       <div class="title">
6685         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUG_presentasjon__Skolelinux___ferdig_oppsatt_skolenettl_sning.html">NUUG-presentasjon: Skolelinux - ferdig oppsatt skolenettløsning</a>
6686       </div>
6687       <div class="date">
6688         13th March 2012
6689       </div>
6690       <div class="body">
6691         <p>I dag presenterte jeg ny versjon av Skolelinux for NUUGs medlemmer.
6692 <a href="http://www.hungry.com/~pere/mypapers/20120313-skolelinux-squeeze.html">Lysark</a>
6693 er tilgjengelige allerede og
6694 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">video-opptak</a>
6695 kommer så snart videogruppa til NUUG får publisert den.  Jeg kom på
6696 endel punkter om nye ting i Squeeze-utgaven under veis som jeg burde
6697 hatt med, og har sikkert skrevet noe tull på lysarkene som jeg ennå
6698 ikke har oppdaget.  Denne presentasjonen ble smurt ihop på veldig kort
6699 tid, og jeg rakk ikke finpusse den.  Håper den kan være lærerik
6700 likevel.</p>
6701
6702       </div>
6703       <div class="tags">
6704
6705
6706         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
6707
6708
6709       </div>
6710     </div>
6711     <div class="padding"></div>
6712
6713     <div class="entry">
6714       <div class="title">
6715         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__K_re_Nordby.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Kåre Nordby</a>
6716       </div>
6717       <div class="date">
6718         12th March 2012
6719       </div>
6720       <div class="body">
6721         <p>Første ut i serien med intervjuer av folk i
6722 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet etter at
6723 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">ny
6724 versjon av Skolelinux</a> ble lansert i helga, er nylig valgte
6725 styremedlem i foreningen
6726 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
6727 Skolen</a> (FRiSK) som organiserer
6728 Skolelinux-utviklingen og daglig leder i
6729 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a>, selskapet
6730 prosjektet opprettet som et tilbud til skoler som ønsket en
6731 kommersiell samarbeidsparter.  Det bør nevnes at jeg er styremedlem i
6732 Skolelinux Drift AS og styreleder i selskapets hovedeier stiftelsen
6733 <a href="http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/">SLX Debian Labs</a>
6734 som beskytter verdiene til Skolelinux-prosjektet, og kjenner Kåre den
6735 veien.</p>
6736
6737 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
6738
6739 <p>Jeg har siden januar 2010 vært daglig leder i Skolelinux Drift AS,
6740 som leverer support, installasjon, tilpasning, drift, og opplæring på
6741 Debian Edu / Skolelinux. Fra 2012 er jeg valgt inn som styremedlem i
6742 FRiSK.  Min forrige jobb var som KAM i Redpill Linpro (som er en av
6743 eierne i Skolelinux Drift).  Før det var jeg daglig leder i et eget 7
6744 manns konsulent selskap som også startet med fri programvare mot
6745 slutten.</p>
6746
6747 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
6748
6749 <p>Jeg hørte om det først når jeg jobbet i Redpill Linpro.  Men jeg
6750 har også en datter som går på en friskole, som også bruker Skolelinux.
6751 Som kjent har ikke friskoler de samme økonomiske rammebetingelsene som
6752 offentlige skoler, så for dem var det det absolutt beste alternativet.
6753 De anser også Skolelinux som et stabilt system, som bare går og går (i
6754 motsetning til det lille Windows-baserte nettverket de har på
6755 admin-siden).</p>
6756
6757 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6758
6759 <p>Sentralisert drift av tynne og diskløse arbeidsstasjoner. Således
6760 lydløse og raskere arbeidsstasjoner som er bedre i klasserommet.
6761 Lengre levetid på PC'er.  Store besparelser på maskinvare og drift. Og
6762 så klart fjerning av alle lisenskostnader. Personlig synes jeg også at
6763 mange av programmene er bedre enn alternativene. Men dette er ofte en
6764 smakssak og avhengig om man må ha det man er vant til fra før.</p>
6765
6766 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
6767
6768 <p>For lite kjentskap til løsningen.  Noen ganger for dårlig
6769 kompatibilitet med arbeidsstasjoners/bærbare maskiner sine
6770 nettverksdrivere eller skjermkort. Men dette løser vi i skolene ved
6771 standardisering. Ellers er det få, om nesten ingen, av de kjente
6772 maskinvare / infrastruktur leverandørene til fylkes- / kommuner som
6773 tilbyr denne plattformen.  Skal dette endre seg så må kommunene selv
6774 sette slike krav til leverandørene.</p>
6775
6776 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
6777
6778 <p>Har brukt OpenOffice.org siden starten (2001 ?), Kun Linux på
6779 desktop siden 2005. Bruker i dag Kubuntu, Libreoffice og ymse annet
6780 programvare til ulik kontorbruk som er lett å installere / teste via
6781 alle programarkivene som finnes.</p>
6782
6783 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
6784 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
6785
6786 <p>Fortsette å presentere flere av de gode eksemplene hvor Debian Edu
6787 / Skolelinux brukes i kommuner og enkeltskoler.  Vi må få bedre frem
6788 at det er mulig tilknytte både Windows og Mac klienter på denne
6789 plattformen (selv om det vil øke driftskostnadene).  Dette gjøres
6790 mange steder.  Spesielt er det mange lærere som ønsker å bruke
6791 Windows/Mac-bærbare, gjerne som sin private PC også. Det er også mulig
6792 for kommunen å integrere med Active Directory i stedet for OpenLDAP
6793 som kommer med ut av boksen (selv om også dette øker kostnadene).
6794 Dette vil muligens bidra til å fjerne noe motstand hos noen
6795 potensielle brukere / driftpersonell for å ta i bruk noe
6796 nytt. Fremveksten av mobile brukere og nettbrett går i vår favør.
6797 Brukerne blir kjent og vant til flere nye operativsystemer /
6798 brukergrensesnitt. Så utviklerfellesskapet bør jobbe videre med å
6799 integrere flere nye klienttyper, som ultra lav-kostklienter og
6800 nettbrett (blant annet fri programvare-alternativet
6801 <a href="http://makeplaylive.com/">Spark</a> med
6802 <a href="http://www.merproject.org/">Mer OS</a> og
6803 <a href="http://plasma-active.org/">KDE Active Plasma</a>).</p>
6804
6805       </div>
6806       <div class="tags">
6807
6808
6809         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
6810
6811
6812       </div>
6813     </div>
6814     <div class="padding"></div>
6815
6816     <div class="entry">
6817       <div class="title">
6818         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux___Debian_Edu_Squeeze_is_out_.html">Skolelinux / Debian Edu Squeeze is out!</a>
6819       </div>
6820       <div class="date">
6821         11th March 2012
6822       </div>
6823       <div class="body">
6824         <p>This weekend we finally published the first stable release of
6825 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux / Debian Edu</a> based
6826 on Debian/Squeeze.  The full announcement is
6827 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00001.html">available</a>
6828 from the project announcement list.  Now is a good time to test if it
6829 you have not done so already.</p>
6830
6831 <p>I plan to present the new version at
6832 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20120313-skolelinux/">a NUUG
6833 meeting</a> on tuesday.  I look forward to seeing you there if you are
6834 in Oslo, Norway.</p>
6835
6836       </div>
6837       <div class="tags">
6838
6839
6840         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
6841
6842
6843       </div>
6844     </div>
6845     <div class="padding"></div>
6846
6847     <div class="entry">
6848       <div class="title">
6849         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_interview__Nigel_Barker.html">Debian Edu interview: Nigel Barker</a>
6850       </div>
6851       <div class="date">
6852          9th March 2012
6853       </div>
6854       <div class="body">
6855         <p>Inspired by <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">the
6856 interview series</a> conducted by Raphael, I started a Norwegian
6857 interview series with people involved in the Debian Edu / Skolelinux
6858 community.  This was so popular that I believe it is time to move to a
6859 more international audience.</p>
6860
6861 <p>While <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu and
6862 Skolelinux</a> originated in France and Norway, and have most users in
6863 Europe, there are users all around the globe.  One of those far away
6864 from me is Nigel Barker, a long time Debian Edu system administrator
6865 and contributor.  It is thanks to him that Debian Edu is adjusted to
6866 work out of the box in Japan.  I got him to answer a few questions,
6867 and am happy to share the response with you. :)
6868
6869
6870 <p><strong>Who are you, and how do you spend your days?</strong></p>
6871
6872 <p>My name is Nigel Barker, and I am British. I am married to Yumiko,
6873 and we have three lovely children, aged 15, 14 and 4(!) I am the IT
6874 Coordinator at Hiroshima International School, Japan. I am also a
6875 teacher, and in fact I spend most of my day teaching Mathematics,
6876 Science, IT, and Chemistry. I was originally a Chemistry teacher, but
6877 I have always had an interest in computers. Another teacher teaches
6878 primary school IT, but apart from that I am the only computer person,
6879 so that means I am the network manager, technician and webmaster,
6880 also, and I help people with their computer problems. I teach python
6881 to beginners in an after-school club. I am way too busy, so I really
6882 appreciate the simplicity of Skolelinux.</p>
6883
6884 <p><strong>How did you get in contact with the Skolelinux/Debian Edu
6885 project?</strong></p>
6886
6887 <p>In around 2004 or 5 I discovered the ltsp project, and set up a
6888 server in the IT lab. I wanted some way to connect it to our central
6889 samba server, which I was also quite poor at configuring. I discovered
6890 Edubuntu when it came out, but it didn't really improve my setup. I
6891 did various desperate searches for things like "school Linux server"
6892 and ended up in a document called "Drift" something or other. Reading
6893 there it became clear that Skolelinux was going to solve all my
6894 problems in one go. I was very excited, but apprehensive, because my
6895 previous attempts to install Debian had ended in failure (I used
6896 Mandrake for everything - ltsp, samba, apache, mail, ns...). I
6897 downloaded a beta version, had some problems, so subscribed to the
6898 Debian Edu list for help. I have remained subscribed ever since, and
6899 my school has run a Skolelinux network since Sarge.</p>
6900
6901 <p><strong>What do you see as the advantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6902 Edu?</strong></p>
6903
6904 <p>For me the integrated setup. This is not just the server, or the
6905 workstation, or the ltsp. Its all of them, and its all configured
6906 ready to go. I read somewhere in the early documentation that it is
6907 designed to be setup and managed by the Maths or Science teacher, who
6908 doesn't necessarily know much about computers, in a small Norwegian
6909 school. That describes me perfectly if you replace Norway with
6910 Japan.</p>
6911
6912 <p><strong>What do you see as the disadvantages of Skolelinux/Debian
6913 Edu?</strong></p>
6914
6915 <p>The desktop is fairly plain. If you compare it with Edubuntu, who
6916 have fun themes for children, or with distributions such as Mint, who
6917 make the desktop beautiful. They create a good impression on people
6918 who don't need to understand how to use any of it, but who might be
6919 important to the school. School administrators or directors, for
6920 instance, or parents. Even kids. Debian itself usually has ugly
6921 default theme settings. It was my dream a few years back that some
6922 kind of integration would allow Edubuntu to do the desktop stuff and
6923 Debian Edu the servers, but now I realise how impossible that is.  A
6924 second disadvantage is that if something goes wrong, or you need to
6925 customise something, then suddenly the level of expertise required
6926 multiplies. For example, backup wasn't working properly in Lenny. It
6927 took me ages to learn how to set up my own server to do rsync backups.
6928 I am afraid of anything to do with ldap, but perhaps Gosa will
6929 help.</p>
6930
6931 <p><strong>Which free software do you use daily?</strong></p>
6932
6933 <p>Nowadays I only use Debian on my personal computers. I have one for
6934 studio work (I play guitar and write songs), running AV Linux
6935 (customised Debian) a netbook running Squeeze, and a bigger laptop
6936 still running Skolelinux Lenny workstation. I have a Tjener in my
6937 house, that's very useful for the family photos and music.  At school
6938 the students only use Skolelinux. (Some teachers and the office still
6939 have windows). So that means we only use free software all day every
6940 day. Open office, The GIMP, Firefox/Iceweasel, VLC and Audacity are
6941 installed on every computer in school, irrespective of OS.  We also
6942 have Koha on Debian for the library, and Apache, Moodle, b2evolution
6943 and Etomite on Debian for the www. The firewall is Untangle.</p>
6944
6945 <p><strong>Which strategy do you believe is the right one to use to
6946 get schools to use free software?</strong></p>
6947
6948 <p>Current trends are in our favour. Open source is big in industry,
6949 and ordinary people have heard of it. The spread of Android and the
6950 popularity of Apple have helped to weaken the impression that you have
6951 to have Microsoft on everything. People complain to me much less about
6952 file formats and Word than they did 5 years ago.  The Edu aspect is
6953 also a selling point. This is all customised for schools. Where is the
6954 Windows-edu, or the Mac-edu?  But of course the main attraction is
6955 budget.The trick is to convince people that the quality is not
6956 compromised when you stop paying and use free software instead. That
6957 is one reason why I say the desktop experience is a weakness. People
6958 are not impressed when their USB drive doesn't work, or their browser
6959 doesn't play flash, for example.</p>
6960
6961       </div>
6962       <div class="tags">
6963
6964
6965         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>.
6966
6967
6968       </div>
6969     </div>
6970     <div class="padding"></div>
6971
6972     <div class="entry">
6973       <div class="title">
6974         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_screencast__Mass_creation_of_user_accounts_in_Squeeze.html">Debian Edu screencast: Mass creation of user accounts in Squeeze</a>
6975       </div>
6976       <div class="date">
6977          7th March 2012
6978       </div>
6979       <div class="body">
6980         <!-- Video HTML based on http://www.diveintohtml5.net/video.html -->
6981
6982 <p>One of the Debian Edu developers, Wolfgang Schweer, just created a
6983 screen cast documenting how to create a lot of new users in LDAP on
6984 Debian Edu Squeeze.  The video is embedded here in quarter size, and
6985 also available from <a href="http://vimeo.com/37675399">vimeo</a> and
6986 download as a
6987 <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg
6988 Theora</a> file.  Check it out below.</p>
6989
6990 <p><video id="gosa-mass-user-create-movie" width="256" height="184" preload controls>
6991   <source src="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv" type='video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"' />
6992     <p>Download video as
6993       <a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux/press/screencasts/2012-02-29-debian_edu_mass_create_user_accounts.ogv">Ogg</a>.</p>
6994 </video></p>
6995
6996       </div>
6997       <div class="tags">
6998
6999
7000         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7001
7002
7003       </div>
7004     </div>
7005     <div class="padding"></div>
7006
7007     <div class="entry">
7008       <div class="title">
7009         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7010       </div>
7011       <div class="date">
7012          4th March 2012
7013       </div>
7014       <div class="body">
7015         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the third release
7016 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7017 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7018 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/03/msg00000.html">available</a>
7019 from the project announcement list.  Check it out if you
7020 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7021
7022       </div>
7023       <div class="tags">
7024
7025
7026         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7027
7028
7029       </div>
7030     </div>
7031     <div class="padding"></div>
7032
7033     <div class="entry">
7034       <div class="title">
7035         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Stopmotion_for_making_stop_motion_animations_on_Linux___reloaded.html">Stopmotion for making stop motion animations on Linux - reloaded</a>
7036       </div>
7037       <div class="date">
7038          3rd March 2012
7039       </div>
7040       <div class="body">
7041         <p>Many years ago, the <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux
7042 / Debian Edu project</a> initiated a student project to create a tool
7043 for making stop motion movies.  The proposal came from a teacher
7044 needing such tool on Skolelinux.  The project, called "stopmotion",
7045 was manned by two extraordinary students and won a school award and a
7046 national aware with this great project.  The project was initiated and
7047 mentored by Herman Robak, and manned by the students Bjørn Erik Nilsen
7048 and Fredrik Berg Kjølstad.  They got in touch with people at Aardman
7049 Animation studio and received feedback on how professionals would like
7050 such stopmotion tool to work, and the end result was and is used by
7051 animators around the globe.  But as is usual after studying, both got
7052 jobs and went elsewhere, and did not have time to properly tend to the
7053 project, and it has been lingering for a few years now.  Until last
7054 year...</p>
7055
7056 <p>Last year some of the users got together with Herman, and moved the
7057 project to Sourceforge and in effect restarted the project under a new
7058 name,
7059 <a href="http://sourceforge.net/projects/linuxstopmotion/">linuxstopmotion</a>.
7060 The name change was done to make it possible to find the project using
7061 Internet search engines (try to search for 'stopmotion' to see what I
7062 mean). I've been following
7063 <a href="https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/linuxstopmotion-community">the
7064 mailing list</a> and the improvement already in place and planned for
7065 the future is encouraging.  If you want to make stop motion movies.
7066 Check it out. :)</p>
7067
7068       </div>
7069       <div class="tags">
7070
7071
7072         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>.
7073
7074
7075       </div>
7076     </div>
7077     <div class="padding"></div>
7078
7079     <div class="entry">
7080       <div class="title">
7081         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Danielsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Danielsen</a>
7082       </div>
7083       <div class="date">
7084         27th February 2012
7085       </div>
7086       <div class="body">
7087         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7088 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet møter vi
7089 denne gangen Frode Danielsen, som er leder for en IT-virksomhet som
7090 passer på IT-løsningen til flere kommuner i Hedmark-området, der noen
7091 av dem bruker Skolelinux i dag.</p>
7092
7093 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7094
7095 <p>Daglig leder i <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark
7096 IKT</a>. En interkommunal IKT-virksomhet for Stange, Nord-Odal,
7097 Kongsvinger, Grue, Løten og Hamar kommuner. Vi er 32 ansatte</p>
7098
7099 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7100
7101 <p>Vi har vært i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet i flere
7102 sammenhenger, blant annet gjennom et par piloter som ikke har ført til
7103 noe konkret resultat.  Nå sist gjennom satsingen på skolelinux i Grue,
7104 Kongsvinger og Nord-Odal.</p>
7105
7106 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong>
7107 <br><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7108
7109 <p>Jeg tror alle løsninger har fordeler og ulemper, litt avhengig av
7110 hvilket ståsted du selv har, så jeg unnlater å svare på dette.</p>
7111
7112 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7113
7114 <p>Ingen for min egen del, men vi har noe fri programvare i våre
7115 løsninger.</p>
7116
7117 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7118 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7119
7120 <p>Jeg tror ikke man skal ha en slik strategi.  Man bør ha en strategi
7121 basert på å løse fremtidige behov, og velge løsninger som støtter opp
7122 under dette.</p>
7123
7124       </div>
7125       <div class="tags">
7126
7127
7128         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7129
7130
7131       </div>
7132     </div>
7133     <div class="padding"></div>
7134
7135     <div class="entry">
7136       <div class="title">
7137         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7138       </div>
7139       <div class="date">
7140         27th February 2012
7141       </div>
7142       <div class="body">
7143         <p>This weekend we wrapped up and published the second release
7144 candidate for <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu /
7145 Skolelinux</a> based on Squeeze.  The full announcement did for some
7146 reason not make it the project announcement list, but is
7147 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel-announce/2012/02/msg00015.html">available</a>
7148 from the Debian development announcement list.  Check it out if you
7149 need a software solution for your school.</p>
7150
7151       </div>
7152       <div class="tags">
7153
7154
7155         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7156
7157
7158       </div>
7159     </div>
7160     <div class="padding"></div>
7161
7162     <div class="entry">
7163       <div class="title">
7164         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Knut_Yrvin.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Knut Yrvin</a>
7165       </div>
7166       <div class="date">
7167         21st February 2012
7168       </div>
7169       <div class="body">
7170         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7171 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7172 høre fra nyvalgt leder i foreningen
7173 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7174 Skolen</a> og en av stifterne av Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
7175
7176 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7177
7178 <p>Knut Yrvin her. Jobber i Nokia med å fremme rammeverket Qt og QML
7179 med tilhørende utviklerverktøy. Rollen er som leder av
7180 friprog-samfunn. I fjor var jeg med å legge om utviklingen av Qt til
7181 åpen forvaltning.  På den måten kan alle som bidrar til Qt gjøre det
7182 på like vilkår.  Nå er det
7183 <a href="http://labs.qt.nokia.com/2011/12/22/qt-5-%E2%80%93-a-look-back-at-the-numbers/">over
7184 1000 utviklere</a> som bidrar til Qt. Med overgangen til åpen
7185 forvaltning er utviklingen av Qt mer åpen enn Linux-kjernen.</p>
7186
7187 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7188
7189 <p>Jeg var en av initiativtagerne til Skolelinux i 2001. Skolene slet
7190 med både utstyr og Internett-tilgang. De klarte ikke å møte
7191 forventningene til data i skolen. Driften av PC-ene var uholdbar. Som
7192 regel hadde rektor pekt ut en ivrig lærer til å passe på PC-ene,
7193 gjerne naturfaglæreren. Mange lærere jobbet mye ubetalt overtid for å
7194 vedlikeholde 30-40 datamaskiner på hver sin skole. Med 300 elever og
7195 lærere som brukere, blir det fort mye mer arbeid enn de 4-8 timene de
7196 kunne bruke på PC-drift. Skolene hadde kun en femtedel av
7197 IT-budsjettet som ble brukt på PC-ene i rådhuset.</p>
7198
7199 <p>Vi erfarte at skolene hadde mye datautstyr som stod ubrukt. Skolene
7200 manglet penger til Microsoft-lisenser. Selv med solide skolerabatter,
7201 kostet Microsoft-lisensene gjerne like mye som PC-ene i seg selv over
7202 en periode på 5-6 år.</p>
7203
7204 <p>Viktigheten av språklig mangfold og pedagogiske programmer var også
7205 viktig for oss. Vi oversatte mange skoleaktuelle programmer til
7206 nynorsk, nordsamisk og bokmål. Dette lenge før andre tok denne
7207 oppgaven seriøst.  Allerede etter ett år hadde vi etablert et helt
7208 arsenal av skoleaktuelle programmer på nynorsk, bokmål og
7209 nordsamisk. Vi spredde vår ide om språklig mangfold til de andre frie
7210 prosjekter internasjonalt. Resultatene ser vi i mange land. Det er de
7211 frie programmene som kommer på brukernes morsmål. Det er en av flere
7212 gode grunner til at fri programvare som LibreOffice, VLC, KDE og
7213 Firefox konkurrerer ut godseid programvare mange steder i verden.</p>
7214
7215 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7216
7217 <p>Fordelene er at Skolelinux tilbyr over 100 skoleaktuelle programmer
7218 på de norske språkene, uten ett øre i lisenskostnader. Systemet gir
7219 enormt lave driftskostnader med diskløse arbeidsstasjoner og bærbare
7220 med roaming.  Skolelinux krever også mindre av maskinvaren.</p>
7221
7222 <p>Man kan fint kjøre systemet med 512 MB RAM på en bærbar PC sammen
7223 med en nettvideo i nettleseren og en presentasjon med
7224 LibreOffice. Konkurrerende system krever fort 2 GB RAM for å få til
7225 noe tilsvarende uten at det går ufattelig tregt. Skal man gjøre noe
7226 nyttig, krever konkurrentene til Linux mye større harddisk. Skoler har
7227 rapportert at de fort har fått 50% flere nye maskiner om de velger
7228 Linux. Dette i tillegg til de årlige besparelsene ved å unngå
7229 lisensbetaling til godseid programvare.</p>
7230
7231 <p>De lave driftskostnadene gjør at delstater i Europa har titusener
7232 av datamaskiner med Skolelinux i skolen. F.eks. er det under ti
7233 personer som drifter 70.000 PC-systemer i skolene i Extremadura i
7234 Spania. Det er slett ikke uvanlig at norske kommuner har 1500-2000
7235 datamaskiner med Skolelinux.  Driften tar ett årsverk. Slår flere
7236 kommuner seg sammen, kan de få samme sentraliserte stordriftsfordeler
7237 som delstater i Tyskland og Spania.  Delstater som kjører Skolelinux
7238 på alle skolene. Bare noen få personer sentraldrifter titusenvis av
7239 PC-er.</p>
7240
7241 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7242
7243 <p>Den største ulempen for Skolelinux er motstand mot Linux fra
7244 IT-sjefer i det offentlige. Dette er ledere som holder innlegg som
7245 snytt ut av evangelist-håndboka til Microsoft. Dette gjøres i ett
7246 arbeidsmarked med stor vekst i etterspørselen etter Linux-fagfolk i
7247 privat sektor.  Etterspørselen har økt mer enn noe annet tekniske yrke
7248 siste tiåret.  Åtte av ti ledere vil ansette Linux-fagfolk i 2012,
7249 rapporterer jobbnettstedet Dice.com på oppdrag av Linux
7250 Foundation.</p>
7251
7252 <p>Det mangler 16.000 ingeniører og IKT-fagfolk i Norge rapporterte
7253 arbeids- og velferdsetaten NAV. Linux-fagfolk kan velge svært
7254 interessante jobber med alt fra apps på ledende mobilsystem laget med
7255 Linux, sky- tjenester eller web-applikasjoner. De raskest voksende
7256 teknologiselskapene i verden er ute etter Linux-fagfolk. Det være seg
7257 Amazon, Google, Facebook og IBM for å nevne noen. Linux er kritisk
7258 for å sikre veksten i markedet. Det sier seg selv at lønningene og
7259 jobbmulighetene er bedre enn for andre tekniske yrker.</p>
7260
7261 <p>Skal man lage apps for mobilen, smart-TV-en eller
7262 underholdningssystemet i bilen eller på flyet, er det Linux som
7263 gjelder. Med en slik konkurranse om Linux-kompetansen, kombinert med
7264 motstanden mot Linux hos mange IT-sjefer i offentlig sektor, så
7265 hindrer kommunene rekruttering av flere Linux- fagfolk. Skolene blir
7266 tvunget til å velge dyrere og mindre komplette IT-system. De har
7267 blitt hengende igjen slik IT var på begynnelsen av 2000- tallet. Dette
7268 fordi IT-ledere ikke har tilpasset seg markedet det siste tiåret.</p>
7269
7270 <p>Når det er sagt, er Skolelinux svært enkelt å lære seg også for de
7271 som ikke kan. Det viser alle lærerne som drifter systemet for
7272 hundrevis og tusenvis av systemer. Det meste er på plass rett ut av
7273 boksen. I tillegg er det solid med dokumentasjon med god hjelp på
7274 nettet. Det er mange kommuner som har ansatt en lærer som først lærte
7275 Skolelinux på sin skole, for så å drifte alle PC-ene i kommunen med
7276 Skolelinux. Det kan fort være snakk om 1000-3000 datamaskiner på 10-15
7277 skoler som sentraldriftes med en stilling.  Står man ordentlig fast,
7278 kan man også kjøpe profesjonell hjelp fra selskap som støtter
7279 Skolelinux. Det er flere slike selskap i Norge og i utlandet.</p>
7280
7281 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7282
7283 <p>Qt SDK, LibreOffice, Firefox, VLC og KDE-skrivebordet. Dette på et
7284 Debian-basert GNU/Linux-system. Jeg bruker også noen morsomme
7285 3D-spill. Idag kan jeg velge mellom over 30.000 Linux-programmer. Det
7286 finnes ikke tid i livet å undersøke alle valgmulighetene. Derfor er
7287 det bra med Skolelinux i skolen, da utvalget av programmer er
7288 begrenset til hva som er aktuelt i skolefagene.</p>
7289
7290 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7291 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7292
7293 <p>Vi må selge hele Skolelinux forhåndsinstallert på maskinvare i hele
7294 pakker med 50-100-1000 PC-klienter med servere. Dette kan selges til
7295 enkeltskoler eller hele kommuner. Pakken må inneholde tjenermaskiner,
7296 svært rimelige diskløse arbeidsstasjoner, nettbrett med Plasma Active,
7297 og bærbare med roaming. Alt er godt testet med Debian. I et slikt
7298 anbud er det mulig å legge til sentraliserte drifts- og
7299 støttetjenester.</p>
7300
7301 <p>Man bør også selge sky-tjenester som læreadministrative systemet
7302 Moodle og driftsovervåking. I tillegg så bør man slenge seg på med
7303 presentasjoner de gangene LibreOffice og andre friprog-produkter
7304 selges til kommuner.</p>
7305
7306       </div>
7307       <div class="tags">
7308
7309
7310         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7311
7312
7313       </div>
7314     </div>
7315     <div class="padding"></div>
7316
7317     <div class="entry">
7318       <div class="title">
7319         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_release_candidate_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">First release candidate of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7320       </div>
7321       <div class="date">
7322         19th February 2012
7323       </div>
7324       <div class="body">
7325         <p>One week delayed due to DVD build problems, we managed today to
7326 wrap up and publish the first release candidate for
7327 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7328 on Squeeze.  The full announcement is
7329 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00001.html">available</a>
7330 on the project announcement list.  Check it out if you need a software
7331 solution for your school.</p>
7332
7333       </div>
7334       <div class="tags">
7335
7336
7337         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7338
7339
7340       </div>
7341     </div>
7342     <div class="padding"></div>
7343
7344     <div class="entry">
7345       <div class="title">
7346         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Olav_Dahlum.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Olav Dahlum</a>
7347       </div>
7348       <div class="date">
7349         18th February 2012
7350       </div>
7351       <div class="body">
7352         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7353 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, får vi nå
7354 høre fra et nyvalgt medlem i foreningen
7355 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">Fri programvare i
7356 Skolen</a>.</p>
7357
7358 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7359
7360 <p>Jeg heter Olav Dahlum, og er frilans oversetter, tester,
7361 prosjektleder og bruker av fri og åpen programvare som
7362 LibreOffice. Jeg er også et av styremedlemmene i FRISK.</p>
7363
7364 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7365
7366 <p>Jeg kom i kontakt med prosjektet i 2009, da jeg ble ansatt i
7367 stiftelsen Åpne kontorprogram på norsk for å oversette og teste den
7368 norske utgaven av OpenOffice.org. Arbeidet har hele tiden vært
7369 koordinert sammen med Skolelinux, og mange av de samme menneskene er
7370 involvert, så på den måten ble jeg en del av den utvidede
7371 familien.</p>
7372
7373 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7374
7375 <p>Skolelinux handler i likhet med utdanningssektoren om å dele
7376 kunnskap med andre, og det er dette som er hovedstyrken til
7377 prosjektet.  Selv om Skolelinux hovedsaklig er involvert i utvikling
7378 av programvare, er det også et sted der man kan utfolde seg uavhengig
7379 av bakgrunn og ferdigheter.</p>
7380
7381 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7382
7383 <p>Liten utbredelse og manglende støtte fra leverandører som leverer
7384 pedagogisk programvare til skolebruk.  Kunne kanskje hatt flere
7385 verktøy som letter administrasjonen ytterligere, slik at også mindre
7386 erfarne databrukere kan utføre lett vedlikehold og rutinejobber.</p>
7387
7388 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7389
7390 <p>Jeg er nesten forpliktet til å si at jeg bruker LibreOffice... Jeg
7391 bruker forøvrig frie og åpne operativsystemer basert på
7392 operativsystemkjernen Linux, for tiden openSUSE 12,1 med KDE4.  Men
7393 hvis jeg skal dra fram noen flere eksempler så er nok Mozilla Firefox
7394 og Thunderbird to av de jeg bruker mest. I tillegg er jeg en flittig
7395 bruker av OpenSSH, Irssi, Midnight Commander, Git, Subversion,
7396 Translation Toolkit og Super Maryo Chronicles (litt gøy skal man ha,
7397 og med to håndkontroller liggende er det ikke til å unngå).</p>
7398
7399 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7400 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7401
7402 <p>Vi må få leverandører av pedagogisk programvare med på laget, men
7403 også utvikle vår egen tilpasset det norske markedet.  Det er også
7404 mulig å involvere utdanningssektoren direkte i arbeidet, for eksempel
7405 gjennom studentprosjekter der elevene selv er med å utforme
7406 programvare direkte eller indirekte gjennom aktive bidrag.  Dette gjør
7407 ikke bare samarbeidet tettere, men fokuset på standarder og friheten
7408 til å velge sin egen løsning vil kanskje stimulere interessen for
7409 framtidig deltakelse i bransjen.  Vi som driver med fri og åpen
7410 programvare ønsker oss ikke rene konsumenter, men tenkende og
7411 selvstendige individer som kan være med å skape sin egen fremtid.</p>
7412
7413       </div>
7414       <div class="tags">
7415
7416
7417         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7418
7419
7420       </div>
7421     </div>
7422     <div class="padding"></div>
7423
7424     <div class="entry">
7425       <div class="title">
7426         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_proxy_configuration_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux.html">Automatic proxy configuration with Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>
7427       </div>
7428       <div class="date">
7429         13th February 2012
7430       </div>
7431       <div class="body">
7432         <p>New in the Squeeze version of
7433 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> is the
7434 ability for clients to automatically configure their proxy settings
7435 based on their environment.  We want all systems on the client to use
7436 the WPAD based proxy definition fetched from <tt>http://wpad/wpad.dat</tt>, to
7437 allow sites to control the proxy setting from a central place and make
7438 sure clients do not have hard coded proxy settings.  The schools can
7439 change the global proxy setting by editing
7440 <tt>tjener:/etc/debian-edu/www/wpad.dat</tt> and the change propagate
7441 to all Debian Edu clients in the network.</p>
7442
7443 <p>The problem is that some systems do not understand the WPAD system.
7444 In other words, how do one get from a WPAD file like this (this is a
7445 simple one, they can run arbitrary code):</p>
7446
7447 <blockquote><pre>
7448 function FindProxyForURL(url, host)
7449 {
7450    if (!isResolvable(host) ||
7451        isPlainHostName(host) ||
7452        dnsDomainIs(host, ".intern"))
7453       return "DIRECT";
7454    else
7455       return "PROXY webcache:3128; DIRECT";
7456 }
7457 </pre></blockquote>
7458
7459 <p>to a proxy setting in the process environment looking like this:</p>
7460
7461 <blockquote><pre>
7462 http_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7463 ftp_proxy=http://webcache:3128/
7464 </pre></blockquote>
7465
7466 <p>To do this conversion I developed a perl script that will execute
7467 the javascript fragment in the WPAD file and return the proxy that
7468 would be used for
7469 <tt><a href="http://www.debian.org/">http://www.debian.org/</a></tt>,
7470 and insert this extracted proxy URL in <tt>/etc/environment</tt> and
7471 <tt>/etc/apt/apt.conf</tt>.  The perl script wpad-extract work just
7472 fine in Squeeze, but in Wheezy the library it need to run the
7473 javascript code is <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/631045">no longer
7474 able to build</a> because the C library it depended on is now a C++
7475 library.  I hope someone find a solution to that problem before Wheezy
7476 is frozen.  An alternative would be for us to rewrite wpad-extract to
7477 use some other javascript library currently working in Wheezy, but no
7478 known alternative is known at the moment.</p>
7479
7480 <p>This automatic proxy system allow the roaming workstation (aka
7481 laptop) setup in Debian Edu/Squeeze to use the proxy when the laptop
7482 is connected to the backbone network in a Debian Edu setup, and to
7483 automatically use any proxy present and announced using the WPAD
7484 feature when it is connected to other networks.  And if no proxy is
7485 announced, direct connections will be used instead.</p>
7486
7487 <p>Silently using a proxy announced on the network might be a privacy
7488 or security problem.  But those controlling DHCP and DNS on a network
7489 could just as easily set up a transparent proxy, and force all HTTP
7490 and FTP connections to use a proxy anyway, so I consider that
7491 distinction to be academic.  If you are afraid of using the wrong
7492 proxy, you should avoid connecting to the network in question in the
7493 first place.  In Debian Edu, the proxy setup is updated using dhcp and
7494 ifupdown hooks, to make sure the configuration is updated every time
7495 the network setup changes.</p>
7496
7497 <p>The WPAD system is documented in a
7498 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-wrec-wpad-01">IETF
7499 draft</a> and a
7500 <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Web_Proxy_Autodiscovery_Protocol">Wikipedia
7501 page</a> for those that want to learn more.</p>
7502
7503       </div>
7504       <div class="tags">
7505
7506
7507         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7508
7509
7510       </div>
7511     </div>
7512     <div class="padding"></div>
7513
7514     <div class="entry">
7515       <div class="title">
7516         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Axel_Bojer.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Axel Bojer</a>
7517       </div>
7518       <div class="date">
7519          7th February 2012
7520       </div>
7521       <div class="body">
7522         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7523 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet har jeg
7524 fått en av oversetterne som har vært med siden starten i tale.</p>
7525
7526 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7527
7528 <p>Jeg heter Axel Bojer og er datalærer, tysklærer, oversetter med
7529 mere.</p>
7530
7531 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7532
7533 <p>Tror jeg så en annonsering på nettet i slutten av 2001 og ville
7534 være med som oversetter.  Jeg kom med på en utviklersamling og
7535 prosjektet var da helt i starten.  Det var spennende å være med mens
7536 prosjektet vokste til og utviklet seg.</p>
7537
7538 <p>Jeg har «alltid» vært språkinteressert og hadde nettopp startet med
7539 Linux og tror jeg tenkte det passet å bidra.  Var også glad for å få
7540 en Debian-distribusjon, og ville gjerne bruke den selv.  Til å begynne
7541 med brukte jeg først Mandrake og så Debian. Og siden jeg oppdaget at
7542 det ikke var noen mulighet for å bruke den som enkeltstående i lang
7543 tid, så gikk jeg etterhvert over til Kubuntu</p>
7544
7545 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7546
7547 <p>Løsningen er forholdsvis lett å sette opp, gratis, fri programvare
7548 og gjør det mulig å gjenbruke eldre maskiner.  Det fine med Debian er
7549 at det er stabilt og har en veldig stor mengde programmer. Jeg liker
7550 også apt.  :-) Jeg liker også friheten ved Linux og muligheten til å
7551 delta og forme sin egen datahverdag.</p>
7552
7553 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7554
7555 <p>Skolelinux er for lite kjent og for sent ute med å gi ut nye
7556 versjoner.</p>
7557
7558 <p>Da jeg selv i hovedsak bruker Kubuntu, så kan jeg egentlig ikke
7559 svare så detaljert rundt ulempene med Skolelinux.  Hovedårsaken til at
7560 jeg bruker Kubuntu er nok at da vi begynte med det mener jeg det ikke
7561 var noen annen løsning.  «Vandrende arbeidsstasjon» mener jeg ikke
7562 fantes da.  Dessuten ville jeg ha siste versjon, da den KDE-versjonen
7563 som var i Skolelinux den gangen var en god del enklere (tror det var
7564 KDE 2) var dårligere i mine øyne enn versjon 3.</p>
7565
7566 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
7567
7568 <p>Jeg bruker blant annet Kubuntu, LibreOffice, Thunderbird, Firefox,
7569 Kate, <a href="http://comix.sourceforge.net/">Comix</a> og Konsole.  Og
7570 en hel haug andre ved behov :-)</p>
7571
7572 <p>Har oversatt Comix selv, men det er jo ikke skjedd noe med Comix
7573 siden 2009, så den er det nok bare jeg som har.  Om andre vil ha den
7574 gir jeg den gjerne videre.  Ser at noen har startet på
7575 <a href="http://mcomix.sourceforge.net/">MComix</a> siden jeg så på så
7576 på dette sist, så nå er jeg igang med å teste og oversette den
7577 også.</p>
7578
7579 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
7580 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
7581
7582 <p>Det viktigste er å forankre beslutningen i kollegiet og med de som
7583 er ansvarlige for å vedlikeholde og bruke datamaskinene.  Flest mulig
7584 bør være med på å holde det (sosialt) vedlike, kjenne og støtte
7585 prinsippene. Som enkeltmannsprosjekt blir det lett veldig sårbart,
7586 særlig når (Skole)linux ennå i stor grad er en motkultur og ikke noe
7587 en stor nok andel av beslutningstakere, brukere osv kjenner til og
7588 bruker.</p>
7589
7590 <p>Jeg tror det viktigste er å fortsette å holde fri programvare godt,
7591 oppdatert, minimere antall feil, ha en god kontakt med brukerne og
7592 attraktivt og spennende programmer. Beholde alt som er bra og ha det
7593 tilgjengelig samtidig som man tilbyr det nyeste og rareste for de som
7594 vil ha det.</p>
7595
7596       </div>
7597       <div class="tags">
7598
7599
7600         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7601
7602
7603       </div>
7604     </div>
7605     <div class="padding"></div>
7606
7607     <div class="entry">
7608       <div class="title">
7609         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Saving_power_with_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_using_shutdown_at_night.html">Saving power with Debian Edu / Skolelinux using shutdown-at-night</a>
7610       </div>
7611       <div class="date">
7612          5th February 2012
7613       </div>
7614       <div class="body">
7615         <p>Since the Lenny version of
7616 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>, a
7617 feature to save power have been included.  It is as simple as it is
7618 practical: Shut down unused clients at night, and turn them on again
7619 in the morning.  This is done using the
7620 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/shutdown-at-night.html">shutdown-at-night</a> Debian package.</p>
7621
7622 <p>To enable this feature on a client, the machine need to be added to
7623 the netgroup shutdown-at-night-hosts.  For Debian Edu, this is done in
7624 LDAP, and once this is in place, the machine in question will check
7625 every hour from 16:00 until 06:00 to see if the machine is unused, and
7626 shut it down if it is.  If the hardware in question is supported by
7627 the
7628 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nvram-wakeup.html">nvram-wakeup</a>
7629 package, the BIOS is told to turn the machine back on around 07:00 +-
7630 10 minutes.  If this isn't working, one can configure wake-on-lan to
7631 try to turn on the client.  The wake-on-lan option is only documented
7632 and not enabled by default in Debian Edu.</p>
7633
7634 <p>It is important to not turn all machines on at once, as this can
7635 blow a fuse if several computers are connected to the same fuse like
7636 the common setup for a classroom.  The nvram-wakeup method only work
7637 for machines with a functioning hardware/BIOS clock.  I've seen old
7638 machines where the BIOS battery were dead and the hardware clock were
7639 starting from 0 (or was it 1990?) every boot.  If you have one of
7640 those, you have to turn on the computer manually.</p>
7641
7642 <p>The shutdown-at-night package is completely self contained, and can
7643 also be used outside the Debian Edu environment.  For those without a
7644 central LDAP server with netgroups, one can instead touch the file
7645 <tt>/etc/shutdown-at-night/shutdown-at-night</tt> to enable it.
7646 Perhaps you too can use it to save some power?</p>
7647
7648       </div>
7649       <div class="tags">
7650
7651
7652         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7653
7654
7655       </div>
7656     </div>
7657     <div class="padding"></div>
7658
7659     <div class="entry">
7660       <div class="title">
7661         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Third_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Third beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
7662       </div>
7663       <div class="date">
7664          4th February 2012
7665       </div>
7666       <div class="body">
7667         <p>I am happy to announce that finally we managed today to wrap up and
7668 publish the third beta version of
7669 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7670 on Squeeze.  If you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with
7671 out of the box PXE configuration for running diskless machines and
7672 installing new machines, check it out.  If you need a software
7673 solution for your school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
7674 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/02/msg00000.html">available</a>
7675 on the project announcement list.</p>
7676
7677 <p>I am very happy to report these changes and improvements since
7678 beta2 (there are more, see announcement for full list):</p>
7679
7680 <ul>
7681
7682 <li>It is now possible to change the pre-configured IP subnet from
7683   10.0.0.0/8 to something else by using the subnet-change tool after
7684   the installation.</li>
7685
7686 <li>Too full partitions are now automatically extended on the Main
7687   Server, based on the rules specified in /etc/fsautoresizetab.</li>
7688
7689 <li>The CUPS queues are now automatically flushed every night, and all
7690   disabled queues are restarted every hour.  This should cut down on
7691   the amount of manual administration needed for printers.</li>
7692
7693 <li>The set of initial users have been changed.  Now a personal user
7694   for the local system administrator is created during installation
7695   instead of the previously created localadmin and super-admin users,
7696   and this user is granted administrative privileges using group
7697   membership.  This reduces the number of passwords one need to keep
7698   up to date on the system.</li>
7699
7700 </ul>
7701
7702 <p>The new main server seem to work so well that I am testing it as my
7703 private DNS/LDAP/Kerberos/PXE/LTSP server at home.  I will use it look
7704 for issues we could fix to polish Debian Edu even further before the
7705 final Squeeze release is published.</p>
7706
7707 <p>Next weekend the project organise a
7708 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00001.html">developer
7709 gathering</a> in Oslo.  We will continue the work on the Squeeze
7710 version, and start initial planning for the Wheezy version.  Perhaps I
7711 will see you there?</p>
7712
7713       </div>
7714       <div class="tags">
7715
7716
7717         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7718
7719
7720       </div>
7721     </div>
7722     <div class="padding"></div>
7723
7724     <div class="entry">
7725       <div class="title">
7726         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Handling_non_free_firmware_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Handling non-free firmware in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7727       </div>
7728       <div class="date">
7729         27th January 2012
7730       </div>
7731       <div class="body">
7732         <p>With some computer hardware, one need non-free firmware blobs.
7733 This is the sad fact of todays computers.  In the next version of
7734 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> based
7735 on Squeeze, we provide several scripts and modifications to make
7736 firmware blobs easier to handle.  The common use case I run into is a
7737 laptop with a wireless network card requiring non-free firmware to
7738 work, but there are other use cases as well.</p>
7739
7740 <p>First and foremost, Debian Edu provide ISO images for DVD and CD
7741 with all firmware packages in the Debian sections main and non-free
7742 included, to ensure debian-installer find and can install all of them
7743 during installation.  This take care firmware for network devices used
7744 by the installer when installing from from local media.  But for
7745 example multimedia devices are not activated in the installer and are
7746 not taken care of by this.</p>
7747
7748 <p>For non-network devices, we provide the script
7749 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/auto-addfirmware</tt> which
7750 search through the <tt>dmesg</tt> output for drivers requesting extra
7751 firmware.  The firmware file name is looked up in the Contents-ARCH.gz
7752 file available in the package repository, and the packages providing
7753 the requested firmware file(s) is installed.  I have proposed to do
7754 something similar in debian-installer (BTS report
7755 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/655507">#655507</a>), to allow PXE
7756 installs of Debian to handle firmware installation better.  Run the
7757 script as root from the command line to fetch and install the needed
7758 firmware packages.</p>
7759
7760 <p>Debian Edu provide PXE installation of Debian out of the box, and
7761 because some machines need firmware to get their network cards
7762 working, the installation initrd some times need extra firmware
7763 included to be able to install at all.  To fill the PXE installation
7764 initrd with extra firmware, the
7765 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/pxe-addfirmware</tt> script is
7766 provided.  Again, just run it as root on the command line to fill the
7767 PXE initrd with firmware packages.</p>
7768
7769 <p>Last, some LTSP clients might also need firmware to get their
7770 network cards working.  For this,
7771 <tt>/usr/share/debian-edu-config/tools/ltsp-addfirmware</tt> is
7772 provided to update the LTSP initrd with firmware blobs.  It is used
7773 the same way as the other firmware related tools.</p>
7774
7775 <p>At the moment, we do not run any of these during installation.  We
7776 do not know if this is acceptable for the local administrator to use
7777 non-free software, and it is their choice.</p>
7778
7779 <p>We plan to release beta3 this weekend.  You might want to give it a
7780 try.</p>
7781
7782       </div>
7783       <div class="tags">
7784
7785
7786         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
7787
7788
7789       </div>
7790     </div>
7791     <div class="padding"></div>
7792
7793     <div class="entry">
7794       <div class="title">
7795         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skjermbilder_fra_nordsamisk_installasjon_av_Skolelinux_Squeeze.html">Skjermbilder fra nordsamisk installasjon av Skolelinux/Squeeze</a>
7796       </div>
7797       <div class="date">
7798         26th January 2012
7799       </div>
7800       <div class="body">
7801         <p>For morro skyld har jeg gjennomført en nordsamisk installasjon for
7802 neste utgave av <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
7803 (Squeeze) og knipset skjermbilder av resultatet.</p>
7804
7805 <p>Som en kan se der er det noen oversettelser som mangler.  Det hadde
7806 vært hyggelig hvis alle tekstene som vises i Skolelinux-installasjonen
7807 ble oversatt til nordsamisk, men for å få det til må noen som forstår
7808 språket melde seg til dyst.  Det er mangel på nordsamiske oversettere
7809 av fri programvare.  Hvis noen starter raskt, så bør en rekke å
7810 fullføre Wheezy-utgaven før den gis ut. :)</p>
7811
7812 <p>Se <a href="http://d-i.debian.org/l10n-stats/">oversetterstatistikk for
7813 debian installer</a> for detaljert status.  Jeg har tipset
7814 <a href="https://lister.ping.uio.no/mailman/listinfo/i18n-sme">epostlisten for samiskoversettelser</a>,
7815 men det har vært veldig liten aktivitet der de siste årene.</p>
7816
7817 <p><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/01-isomenu.png" width="40%"></a>
7818 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/02-sme-lang.png" width="40%"></a>
7819 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/03-sme-place.png" width="40%"></a>
7820 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/04-sme-keymap.png" width="40%"></a>
7821 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/05-sme-profile.png" width="40%"></a>
7822 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/06-sme-autopart.png" width="40%"></a>
7823 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/07-sme-popcon.png" width="40%"></a>
7824 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/08-sme-rootpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
7825 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/09-sme-rootpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
7826 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/10-sme-firstuser.png" width="40%"></a>
7827 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/11-sme-firstusername.png" width="40%"></a>
7828 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/12-sme-firstuserpw1.png" width="40%"></a>
7829 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/13-sme-firstuserpw2.png" width="40%"></a>
7830 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/14-sme-part.png" width="40%"></a>
7831 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/15-sme-debootstrap.png" width="40%"></a>
7832 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/16-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
7833 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/17-sme-wordlist.png" width="40%"></a>
7834 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/18-sme-tasksel.png" width="40%"></a>
7835 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/19-sme-ltsp.png" width="40%"></a>
7836 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/20-sme-grub.png" width="40%"></a>
7837 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/21-sme-finish-install.png" width="40%"></a>
7838 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-01-26-skolelinux-sme/22-sme-finish-message.png" width="40%"></a></p>
7839
7840       </div>
7841       <div class="tags">
7842
7843
7844         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
7845
7846
7847       </div>
7848     </div>
7849     <div class="padding"></div>
7850
7851     <div class="entry">
7852       <div class="title">
7853         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Setting_up_a_new_school_with_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Setting up a new school with Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
7854       </div>
7855       <div class="date">
7856         25th January 2012
7857       </div>
7858       <div class="body">
7859         <p>The next version of <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu
7860 / Skolelinux</a> will include a new tool
7861 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp</tt>, which can be used to quickly set up all
7862 the computers in a school without much manual labour.  Here is a short
7863 summary on how to use it to set up a new school.</p>
7864
7865 <p>First, install a combined Main Server and Thin Client Server as the
7866 central server in the network.  Next, PXE boot all the client machines
7867 as thin clients and wait 5 minutes after the last client booted to
7868 allow the clients to report their existence to the central server.  When
7869 this is done, log on to the central server and run
7870 <tt>sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a</tt> in the <tt>konsole</tt> to use the
7871 collected information to generate system objects in LDAP.  The output
7872 will look similar to this:</p>
7873
7874 <p><blockquote><pre>
7875 % sitesummary2ldapdhcp -a
7876 info: Updating machine tjener.intern [10.0.2.2] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:05.
7877 info: Create GOsa machine for auto-mac-00-01-02-03-04-06 [10.0.16.20] id ether-00:01:02:03:04:06.
7878
7879 Enter password if you want to activate these changes, and ^c to abort.
7880
7881 Connecting to LDAP as cn=admin,ou=ldap-access,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
7882 enter password: *******
7883 %
7884 </pre></blockquote></p>
7885
7886 <p>After providing the LDAP administrative password (the same as the
7887 root password set during installation), the LDAP database will be
7888 populated with system objects for each PXE booted machine with
7889 automatically generated names.  The final step to set up the school is
7890 then to log into <a href="https://oss.gonicus.de/labs/gosa/">GOsa</a>,
7891 the web based user, group and system administration system to change
7892 system names, add systems to the correct host groups and finally
7893 enable DHCP and DNS for the systems.  All clients that should be used
7894 as diskless workstations should be added to the workstation-hosts
7895 group.  After this is done, all computers can be booted again via PXE
7896 and get their assigned names and group based configuration
7897 automatically.</p>
7898
7899 <p>We plan to release beta3 with the updated version of this feature
7900 enabled this weekend.  You might want to give it a try.</p>
7901
7902 <p>Update 2012-01-28: When calling sitesummary2ldapdhcp to add new
7903 hosts, one need to add the option -a.  I forgot to mention this in my
7904 original text, and have added it to the text now.</p>
7905
7906       </div>
7907       <div class="tags">
7908
7909
7910         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
7911
7912
7913       </div>
7914     </div>
7915     <div class="padding"></div>
7916
7917     <div class="entry">
7918       <div class="title">
7919         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Paul_Reidar_L_snesl_kken.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken</a>
7920       </div>
7921       <div class="date">
7922         18th January 2012
7923       </div>
7924       <div class="body">
7925         <p>I serien med intervjuer av folk i
7926 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-miljøet, har jeg nå
7927 lyktes med å få tak i en skolemann som ikke er aktiv med utviklingen,
7928 men likevel har vært med nesten siden starten av prosjektet.  Jeg
7929 ønsker derfor velkommen til Paul Reidar Løsnesløkken, en mann med
7930 mange års erfaring i bruk av Skolelinux.</p>
7931
7932 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
7933
7934 <p>Jeg driftet tidligere IKT løsningen for skolene i
7935 <a href="http://www.nord-odal.kommune.no/">Nord-Odal</a>.  I dag er jeg
7936 IKT-konsulent for hele kommunen og samarbeider med
7937 <a href="http://www.hedmarken-ikt.no/">Hedmark-IKT</a> for best mulig
7938 tjenester til kommunen. Jeg har bakgrunn som elektronikkreparatør og
7939 grunnskolelærer og har tatt en del fag innen IKT, i hovedsak
7940 driftsfag. IKT i Nord-Odal kommune blir i dag driftet av Hedmark IKT
7941 som er et samarbeid mellom Løten, Stange, Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger og
7942 Nord-Odal. Jeg er fortsatt "IKT-personen" på skolene i kommunen og
7943 følger opp og gjør enkelte mindre endringer der.</p>
7944
7945 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
7946
7947 <p>Kommunen satset på Skolelinux i 2004.  Jeg var ikke med i
7948 beslutningsprosessen den gang, men ble likevel med fra starten når
7949 dette ble levert.</p>
7950
7951 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7952
7953 <p>Fordelene med Skolelinux er rask oppstart, sentral drift av
7954 klientene, klienter som jobber raskt og effektivt, bedre
7955 funksjonalitet på eldre utstyr og en ganske god programpakke med fri
7956 programvare som følger med.  Løsningen med halvtykke klienter gjør at
7957 prosessering skjer lokalt med alltid ferske maskiner.</p>
7958
7959 <p>Skolelinux kan fungere godt på gammelt utstyr, men det er klart at
7960 utstyr også blir for gammelt selv for Skolelinux.  I forbindelese med
7961 at vi nylig fikk nye servere og ny installasjon kastet jeg ut ca 60
7962 klienter som fortsatt var i drift etter at de var kjøpt godt brukt i
7963 2004.  Noe var rundt 15 år gammelt, men var fortsatt i bruk. Noen
7964 klaget på at det nå gikk veldig tregt på en del pedagogiske nettsider
7965 med flash o.l. Det er fullt forståelig.</p>
7966
7967 <p>Jeg fikk nylig et spørsmål fra ungdomsskolens rektor om jeg kunne
7968 legge inn <a href="http://freemind.sourceforge.net/">FreeMind</a>, et
7969 tankekartprogram , på skolens elev-Windowsmaskiner. Lærerne hadde
7970 vært på kurs og ville ta dette i bruk. Skolen har ca halvparten av
7971 elevmaskinene på bærbare Windowsmaskiner. Da kunne jeg fortelle at
7972 dette programmet allerede lå inne på den nye Skolelinuxløsningen
7973 som nettopp var satt i drift, klart til bruk.</p>
7974
7975 <p>Vi har de bærbare maskinene på ungdomsskolen i domene med
7976 Skolelinux.  Dette fungerer også meget bra nå. Elevene får opp en
7977 midlertidig windowsprofil når de logger på.  Denne profilen slettes
7978 etter at de logger av, noe som medfører rene profiler hver gang de
7979 starter opp en maskin.  De må lagre i sin Skolelinprofil, noe som
7980 medfører at de får tak i sine filer uavhengig av om de starter en
7981 Windowsmaskin eller en Skolelinuxklient. Det er mye mindre trafikk i
7982 det trådløse nettet etter at ikke hele profiler blir lastet opp til de
7983 enkelte Windowsmaskinene og tilbake når man avslutter. Jeg vet ikke om
7984 dette er standardoppsett i Skolelinux, men slik er vårt oppsett
7985 nå.</p>
7986
7987 <p>Vi har i flere år satt opp vår løsning slik at skriverkøer slettes
7988 og skrivere startes hver natt.  Hyggelig å høre at dette nå skal bli
7989 en standard i Skolelinuxløsningen.  Dette har vært en god hjelp for
7990 oss.</p>
7991
7992 <p>Elevene er lite opptatt av om de jobber på en Skolelinux eller en
7993 Windowsmaskin bare de har de programmene de trenger og at det virker
7994 når det skal brukes. Vi kjører mest mulig de samme programmene på
7995 Windows som i Skolelinux, som f.eks Audacity og LibreOffice.</p>
7996
7997 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
7998
7999 <p>Lærere bruker hos oss Windows. Dette fordi de da selv har mer
8000 kontroll over sin maskin, kan bruke den overalt, og kan legge inn
8001 programmer selv når de trenger noe i forhold til kurs o.l de er
8002 på. Jeg tror lærernes selvstendighet her gjør dem tryggere på IKT-bruk
8003 generelt. Det at de av og til får opp advarsler og lignende gjør også
8004 at de må tenke igjennom og spørre om ting rundt datasikkerhet.</p>
8005
8006 <p>Det er en del programmer vi bruker som ikke finnes for Linux.  Mest
8007 brukt er nok Photostory3 som brukes i mange sammenhenger, særlig på
8008 ungdomsskolen, bl.a. til å lage herbarier (plantesamling) .  Dette
8009 finnes gratis for Windows, men er ikke fri programvare.  Vi er opptatt
8010 av at programmer elevene bruker på skolen også kan brukes gratis
8011 hjemme. Det er også en del programmer som brukes til spesielle elever
8012 som bare går i Windows. Det er viktig med fokus på funksjoner og ikke
8013 på hvilket OS man bruker.</p>
8014
8015 <p>For oss er det kombinasjonen mellom Skolelinux og Windows som gir
8016 oss en god og hel løsning. Skolelinux er best der de er gode.</p>
8017
8018 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8019
8020 <p>Selv er det LibreOffice jeg bruker til daglig.  Jeg bruker selv en
8021 Windowsmaskin. Jeg har benyttet en del fri programvare i forbindelse
8022 med sjekking av trafikk i nettverk, slik som Wireshark, men dette er
8023 jo ikke aktuelt for skolene. Jeg er generelt glad i programmer som
8024 fungerer på både Linux og Windows og gjerne MAC.</p>
8025
8026 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8027 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8028
8029 <p>Det er viktig at det benyttes programmer som elevene også kan ta i
8030 bruk hjemme.  Det skal da være enkelt, lovlig og gratis for
8031 elevene. Da er jeg ikke lenger veldig opptatt av om det kalles "fri
8032 programvare".  For skolene tror jeg "gratis" og "funksjonelt" er bedre
8033 begreper enn "fri" i forhold til programmer.  De fleste skiller nok
8034 ikke mellom "fri" og "gratis". Det er nå svært mange elever som
8035 benytter OpenOffice eller LibreOffice som sin primære kontorpakke
8036 hjemme.</p>
8037
8038       </div>
8039       <div class="tags">
8040
8041
8042         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8043
8044
8045       </div>
8046     </div>
8047     <div class="padding"></div>
8048
8049     <div class="entry">
8050       <div class="title">
8051         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Changing_the_default_Iceweasel_start_page_in_Debian_Edu_Squeeze.html">Changing the default Iceweasel start page in Debian Edu/Squeeze</a>
8052       </div>
8053       <div class="date">
8054         10th January 2012
8055       </div>
8056       <div class="body">
8057         <p>In the Squeeze version of
8058 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> soon
8059 to be released, users of the system will get their default browser
8060 start page set from LDAP, allowing the system administrator to point
8061 all users to the school web page by updating one setting in LDAP.  In
8062 addition to setting the default start page when a machine boots, users
8063 are shown the same page as a welcome page when they log in for the
8064 first time.</p>
8065
8066 <p>The LDAP object dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no have an attribute
8067 labeledURI with "http://www/ LDAP for Debian Edu/Skolelinux" as the
8068 default content.  By changing this value to another URL, all users get
8069 to see the page behind this new URL.</p>
8070
8071 <p>An easy way to update it is by using the ldapvi tool.  It can be
8072 called as "<tt>ldapvi -ZD '(cn=admin)'</tt>' to update LDAP with the
8073 new setting.</p>
8074
8075 <p>We have written the code to adjust the default start page and show
8076 the welcome page, and I wonder if there is an easier way to do this
8077 from within Iceweasel instead.</p>
8078
8079       </div>
8080       <div class="tags">
8081
8082
8083         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
8084
8085
8086       </div>
8087     </div>
8088     <div class="padding"></div>
8089
8090     <div class="entry">
8091       <div class="title">
8092         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Second_beta_version_of_Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Squeeze.html">Second beta version of Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Squeeze</a>
8093       </div>
8094       <div class="date">
8095          7th January 2012
8096       </div>
8097       <div class="body">
8098         <p>I am happy to announce that today we managed to wrap up and publish
8099 the second beta version of
8100 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a>.  If
8101 you want to test a LDAP backed Kerberos server with out of the box PXE
8102 configuration for running diskless machines and installing new
8103 machines, check it out.  If you need a software solution for your
8104 school, check it out too.  The full announcement is
8105 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2012/01/msg00000.html">available</a>
8106 on the project announcement list.</p>
8107
8108       </div>
8109       <div class="tags">
8110
8111
8112         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8113
8114
8115       </div>
8116     </div>
8117     <div class="padding"></div>
8118
8119     <div class="entry">
8120       <div class="title">
8121         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fixing_an_hanging_debian_installer_for_Debian_Edu.html">Fixing an hanging debian installer for Debian Edu</a>
8122       </div>
8123       <div class="date">
8124          3rd January 2012
8125       </div>
8126       <div class="body">
8127         <p>During christmas, I have been working getting the next version of
8128 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu / Skolelinux</a> ready
8129 for release.  The initial problem I looked at was particularly
8130 interesting.</p>
8131
8132 <P>The installer would hang at the end when it was doing it
8133 post-installation configuration, and whatevery I did to try to find
8134 the cause and fix it always worked while I tested it, but never when I
8135 integrated it into the installer and ran the installation from
8136 scratch.  I would try to restart processes, close file descriptors,
8137 remove or create files, and the installer would always unblock and
8138 wrap up its tasks.</p>
8139
8140 <p>Eventually the cause was found.  The kernel was simply running out
8141 of entropy, causing the Kerberos setup to hang waiting for more.
8142 Pressing keys was adding entropy to the kernel, and thus all my tries
8143 to fix the problem worked not because what I was typing to fix it, but
8144 because I was typing.</P>
8145
8146 <p>The fix I implemented was to add a background process looking at
8147 the level of entropy in the kernel (by checking
8148 /proc/sys/kernel/random/entropy_avail), and if it was too small, the
8149 installer will flush the kernel file buffers and do 'find /' to
8150 generate some disk IO.  Disk IO generate entropy in the kernel, and is
8151 one of the few things that can be initated from within the system to
8152 generate entropy.</p>
8153
8154 <p>The fix is in
8155 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Documentation/Squeeze/Installation">beta1
8156 of the Debian Edu/Squeeze</a> version, and we
8157 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu">welcome more testers and
8158 developers</a>.  We plan to release beta2 this weekend.</p>
8159
8160       </div>
8161       <div class="tags">
8162
8163
8164         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
8165
8166
8167       </div>
8168     </div>
8169     <div class="padding"></div>
8170
8171     <div class="entry">
8172       <div class="title">
8173         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Peter_Hansteen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Peter Hansteen</a>
8174       </div>
8175       <div class="date">
8176         11th December 2011
8177       </div>
8178       <div class="body">
8179         <p>Etter en lang pause er det klart for neste mann ut i min serie med
8180 intervjuer av
8181 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-relaterte personer.
8182
8183 Denne gangen har jeg besøk av et avtroppende styremedlem i
8184 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, og en mann
8185 som har vært aktiv i Linux-miljøet i Bergen siden 90-tallet.</p>
8186
8187 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8188
8189 <p>Jeg heter Peter Hansteen, og jobber til daglig som seniorkonsulent
8190 i EDB ErgoGroup i Bergen.  I praksis betyr det systemadministrasjon på
8191 Unix (primært Solaris, men en viss komponent av Linux).  Men Solaris
8192 er for meg et relativt nytt bekjentskap, hovedplattformen min har
8193 generelt vært OpenBSD og til dels FreeBSD.</p>
8194
8195 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8196
8197 <p>Jeg husker ikke helt alle detaljene mer ;) - men jeg tror det var
8198 gjennom news-gruppen no.it.os.unix.linux.diverse, efn-listen og
8199 etterhvert også BLUG-miljøet her i Bergen.  Vi hadde et par
8200 Skolelinux-sentrerte BLUG-møter for noen år siden, og det har vært et
8201 par Skolelinux-utviklersamlinger her.</p>
8202
8203 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8204
8205 <p>Jeg bruker dessverre ikke Skolelinux daglig. Men slik jeg kjenner
8206 prosjektet har det vært i stand til å ta opp i seg det beste av fri
8207 programvare i mange kategorier, så fra et sysadmin-perspektiv ser det
8208 ut som en svært behagelig sak.  For brukerne er det vel både en fordel
8209 og en ulempe at det ikke er Windows. Men vi håper at fordelene med et
8210 fritt system etterhvert vil bli åpenbare for både elever, lærekrefter
8211 og foreldre.</p>
8212
8213 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8214
8215 <p>Vel, ulempen er vel først og fremst at andre aktører med mer
8216 kapitalmuskel har klart å etablere seg som det både lærere og foreldre
8217 føler seg trygge på, selv om det etter mitt hode ikke er noen grunn
8218 til å være spesielt trygg på de kommersielle alternativene.</p>
8219
8220 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8221
8222 <p>Når jeg får bestemme helt selv, bruker jeg kun fri programvare. Da
8223 helst med vekt på ting som kjører greit på OpenBSD.  Hjemme er det
8224 OpenBSD, Ubuntu eller FreeBSD vi bruker.  På skrivebordet er det en
8225 avveining mellom Gnome, KDE eller hva-det-nå-heter som er
8226 standardvalget i Ubuntu, ellers er det de kjente tingene som
8227 LibreOffice, Emacs, mplayer.  På server er det selvfølgelig Apache,
8228 for overvåking både OpenNMS og Nagios (det bare ble sånn, og
8229 forskjellige siter).  Jeg skriver til tider om slikt jeg holder på med
8230 på
8231 <a href="http://bsdly.blogspot.com">http://bsdly.blogspot.com</a>.</p>
8232
8233 <p>Men vi må nevne at selv vi har en Microsoft-ting som vi slår på når
8234 vi av en eller annen grunn må. Det betyr igjen vanligvis når en
8235 mobiltelefon eller en annen lukket elektronisk dings krever kontakt
8236 via en slik for å få oppdateringene sine.</p>
8237
8238 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8239 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8240
8241 <p>Hadde vi hatt det rette svaret på det spørsmålet, så hadde vi
8242 gjerne hatt Skolelinux som førstevalg på alle skoler ;)</p>
8243
8244 <p>Men jeg tror vi må legge vekt på flere forskjellige ting.  En helt
8245 sentral sak er å fokusere på fri programvare og åpne standarder som de
8246 demokratiske verdiene de faktisk er.  Det har kanskje kommet litt for
8247 mye i bakgrunnen i forhold til strevet etter å lage det mest mulig
8248 'brukervennlige' systemet.  Det er en tung vei å gå, så det er
8249 forståelig at freenix-aktivister heller velger å skrive kode og annet
8250 som er mer lystbetont. Mer praktisk tror jeg vi må gjøre i alle fall
8251 to ting: For det første sørge for å fortsette med å levere det best
8252 mulige frie produktet, slik at det er lett å både komme i gang og
8253 holde systemene i daglig drift, og for det andre 2) spore opp mulige
8254 aktivister der de finnes, via lokale brukergrupper, sosiale medier
8255 eller annet og sørge for at de fortsetter å være aktive.  Mer og
8256 mindre uformelle treff kan være nyttig i tillegg til de mer
8257 organiserte møtene med foredrag, konferanser og utviklersamlinger.</p>
8258
8259       </div>
8260       <div class="tags">
8261
8262
8263         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8264
8265
8266       </div>
8267     </div>
8268     <div class="padding"></div>
8269
8270     <div class="entry">
8271       <div class="title">
8272         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Frode_Jemtland.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Frode Jemtland</a>
8273       </div>
8274       <div class="date">
8275         27th July 2011
8276       </div>
8277       <div class="body">
8278         <p>Neste mann ut i min serie med intervjuer av Skolelinux-relaterte
8279 personer er en tidligere styreleder i
8280 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> som var med
8281 fra starten av
8282 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8283
8284 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8285
8286 <p>Mitt navn er Frode Jemtland, og jeg jobber i Hedmark IKT, som er et
8287 driftsselskap for Grue, Hamar, Kongsvinger, Løten, Nord-Odal og Stange
8288 kommuner. Her er jeg leder for avdelingen Løsninger og Arkitektur. Vi
8289 har i hovedansvar for servere, infrastruktur og løsninger som
8290 helhet.</p>
8291
8292 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8293
8294 <p>Jobbet i IBM fra 2000, og da spesielt med Linux. Dette var da et av
8295 de mest tydelige linux prosjektene i Norge, og her ønsket jeg å
8296 bidra. Var aktivt med i prosjektet i 4-5 år.</p>
8297
8298 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8299
8300 <p>Fordelene slik jeg ser det er den sentraliserte driftmodellen, og
8301 alle de vel gjennomtenkte løsningene som er inkludert i denne
8302 løsningen. Samtidig er det basert på en stabil, og godt kjent
8303 plattform. Dette vil si at man har en løsning som skal være mye
8304 tilgjengelig, og hvor det er relativt enkelt å få tak i personer som
8305 kan mye om den grunnleggende plattformen.</p>
8306
8307 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8308
8309 <p>De største utfordringene med en løsningen er at den er intensiv på f.eks
8310 nettverk. I seg selv ikke et problem for en enkelt skole, men skal løsningen
8311 kjøres i større skala, med sentraliserte servere, så gir dette noen
8312 utfordringer.</p>
8313
8314 <p>Utifra hva jeg har sett på større installasjoner så er det ikke så
8315 enkelt å skjønne, hva som bør gjøres for at den skal skaleres opp, og
8316 da ta godt vare på alle sider av dette, ikke bare mer server å fordele
8317 last/trykk, men hvordan også beholde robustheten og fleksibiliteten i
8318 løsningen.</p>
8319
8320 <p>En annen utfordring er at stadig flere produkter som skal brukes i
8321 skoleløsningen ikke er laget til å kunne brukes i en
8322 skolelinuxløsning. Det blir derfor fort mye skreddersøm i de
8323 forskjellige installasjonene, for å få diverse pedagogiske programmer,
8324 webløsninger, smartboards, m.m. til å fungere.  Man er også en for
8325 liten kundebase til at leverandørene ønsker å gjøre noe med
8326 utfordringen. Problemet overlates til oss.</p>
8327
8328 <p>Det er også en kontinuerlig utfordring rundt problemet med å holde
8329 programvare på stabile versjoner, kontra å få ny funksjonalitet. Dette
8330 er jo en konflikt mellom oss som ønsker å drifte en stabil, og
8331 kostnadseffektiv løsning, mot sluttbrukerne som ønsker seg funksjoner
8332 det er vant med fra andre løsninger, eller som de må ha for at et
8333 eller annet nytt produkt skal fungere i løsningen. Dette er en
8334 utfordring også for andre plattformer.</p>
8335
8336 <p>En siste utfordring som ikke har noe med løsningen å gjøre, men med
8337 det omkringliggende miljøet denne skal kjøre i, er at de enhetene som
8338 skal drifte dataløsninger for kommuner og fylkeskommuner begynner å
8339 profesjonaliseres, og er da avhengig av å ha standard løsninger for å
8340 drifte store brukermasser. MS er selvsagt klar over dette, og har jo
8341 nå flere områder de begynner å bli veldig dominerende på. Den største,
8342 og mest problematiske er katalogtjenesten.  Man får snart ikke tak i
8343 større løsninger som ikke krever en AD. Når man da har store enheter
8344 som drifter både kommunalt ansatte og skoler, så vil det være et
8345 stordriftargument å standardisere på en katalog tjeneste, og da har
8346 man ikke noe valg. Her er alle slike driftsenheter for små til å få
8347 gjort om på dette. Her burde konkurransemyndighetene kommet på
8348 banen. Men konkurransetilsynet i USA griper sjeldent (og ikke før det
8349 har gått veldig lang tid) inn i monopolsituasjoner så lenge
8350 monopolisten er et amerikansk firma, så da har vel ikke andre
8351 myndigheter så mye de skulle ha sagt....</p>
8352
8353 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8354
8355 <p>Privat kjører jeg Debian på alle mine datamaskiner. Det gjør jeg
8356 også på min jobbmaskin. Vi har også 15-20 linux servere av typene
8357 SuSE, Debian, Redhat, CentOS m.m. Jeg bruker derfor mye fri
8358 programvare. Av enkelt programmer kan sikkert masse nevnes. Hvis vi
8359 skal begrense oss til daglig, så må jeg si: OpenOffice, Firefox,
8360 Kontact, Kopete, Amarok,
8361 <a href="http://gramps-project.org/">Gramps</a>, Kate, ssh, bash,
8362 rsync, backuppc m.m.</p>
8363
8364 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8365 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8366
8367 <p>Det er et godt spørsmål, som jeg har lurt på selv.</p>
8368
8369 <p>Argumentene som ofte har vært brukt om at ting koster mindre holder
8370 ikke mål når man ser på hva som faktisk koster penger. Det er de
8371 ansatte som er en kostnadsdriver. Det vil si at hvis man har et system
8372 som den ansatte kan, så vil en kostnad på dette systemet kunne
8373 forsvares ganske mye ved at den ansatte gjør dette raskere og
8374 effektivt. Også uten å måtte eventuelt leie inn folk.</p>
8375
8376 <p>Jeg syns det er viktigere å fokusere på prinsippet med å velge fri
8377 programvare, men det er også et felt hvor man fort møter lite
8378 forståelse blant de ansatte i skolen.</p>
8379
8380 <p>Her må nok strategien fortsette å være at de sentrale myndighetene
8381 må sende tydelige signaler for hva de ønsker at offentlige enheter
8382 skal gjøre. Det var mye positivt på gang ang. dette for et par år
8383 siden. Både med eNorge og eKommune planene, men dette syns jeg har
8384 stoppet opp. En del av dette kan jo kanskje være usikkerheten som
8385 etter hvert har blitt, når man har sett kompleksiteten i de
8386 prosjektene som har blitt igangsatt. Det har også blitt noe usikkerhet
8387 i markedet ref. Sun, Oracle, Novell, Microsoft m.m.  Samtidig har jo
8388 også de proprietære programleverandørene sørget for å endre sine
8389 lisenser slik at man uansett ikke slipper unna kostnaden til deres
8390 produkter, selv om man skulle velge alternativer. Da er det økonomiske
8391 argumentet, som jeg nevnte tidligere, spilt ganske godt ut over
8392 sidelinjen.</p>
8393
8394       </div>
8395       <div class="tags">
8396
8397
8398         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8399
8400
8401       </div>
8402     </div>
8403     <div class="padding"></div>
8404
8405     <div class="entry">
8406       <div class="title">
8407         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Marius_Kotsbak.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Marius Kotsbak</a>
8408       </div>
8409       <div class="date">
8410         10th April 2011
8411       </div>
8412       <div class="body">
8413         <p>Neste mann ut er Marius Kotsbak, styremedlem i
8414 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a> og mangeårig
8415 bidragsyter i
8416 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-prosjektet.</p>
8417
8418 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8419
8420 <p>Jeg er en systemutvikler/kybernetiker og jobber med dette til
8421 daglig. På fritiden tester jeg ut/bruker mye fri programvare, og
8422 bidrar med testing og utvikling når jeg ser stort nok behov for det og
8423 jeg har noe å bidra med.</p>
8424
8425 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8426
8427 <p>Hmm, det er lenge siden, så det er nesten så jeg ikke husker. Jeg
8428 hadde vel hørt om prosjektet i media før en gjeng i Trondheim startet
8429 opp SPIST, Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag, hvor vi hjalp noen
8430 skoler i nærområdet med å installere Skolelinux og finne brukt
8431 IT-utstyr til disse. Det var moro å gjøre noe praktisk for å spre
8432 Skolelinux, og å se hvor fort gjort det var å sette opp utrangerte
8433 klientmaskiner og få disse opp som tynnklienter på helt nye datasaler
8434 på skolene, kun med kostnaden til servere.</p>
8435
8436 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8437
8438 <p>Det er et system spesielt skreddersydd for drift av et stort antall
8439 klienter mot servere, og da spesielt i henhold til skolers behov.  Det
8440 er enkelt og billig å installere og drifte, og det trenger ikke ny
8441 maskinvare for god ytelse.</p>
8442
8443 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8444
8445 <p>Hardwarestøtten kunne vært bedre og i enda større grad
8446 installerbart rett ut av boksen.  Distribusjonen har til tider hatt
8447 litt gammel programvare pga. at den følger Debian sine utgivelser.
8448 Kanskje man skulle vurdert en versjon basert på Ubuntu eller andre
8449 distribusjoner i tillegg?</p>
8450
8451 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8452
8453 <p>Oi, det er ikke lite. Her er det jeg kommer på i farta.  Jeg bruker
8454 Linux og Ubuntu, og på Ubuntu programene Firefox, Thunderbird,
8455 Chromium, Pidgin, Digikam, OpenOffice, Wireshark, git og irssi.
8456 Telefonen min er en Android, og der bruker jeg programmene K-9 Mail,
8457 OI Shopping list, Shuffle, ZXing, OI Notepad og ADW Desktop.  På jobb
8458 bruker jeg JBoss, Eclipse, uCLinux for Blackfin, RCF-CPP, Qt, Maven,
8459 og boost-bibliotekene for C++.</p>
8460
8461 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8462 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8463
8464 <p>En bør fokusere på totalkostnader inkludert driftsbehov,
8465 fleksibilitet, åpenhet og ikke låsing til en leverandør framfor sparte
8466 lisenskostnader, samt programvarens kvalitet og fortrinn, og at den
8467 fritt kan brukes på et ubegrenset antall PC-er, også hjemme hos
8468 elevene.  En bør også forbedre den fri programvaren ved testing,
8469 bugrapportering og kodebidrag om man kan, og ikke anbefale programvare
8470 uten at man har forsikret seg at den har tilstrekkelig kvalitet,
8471 ellers kan man lett oppnå det motsatte.  Tror en bør selge inn
8472 konseptet til fylkes-/statsnivå, kanskje med bidrag til
8473 utviklingsarbeid fra disse som alle landets skoler kan få glede
8474 av.</p>
8475
8476       </div>
8477       <div class="tags">
8478
8479
8480         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8481
8482
8483       </div>
8484     </div>
8485     <div class="padding"></div>
8486
8487     <div class="entry">
8488       <div class="title">
8489         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Odin_Hetland_N_sen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Odin Hetland Nøsen</a>
8490       </div>
8491       <div class="date">
8492         28th March 2011
8493       </div>
8494       <div class="body">
8495         <p>Mine bloggposter om Linux i skolene i Norge førte til at inspektør
8496 og ildsjel på Harestad skole tok kontakt og fortalte at de bruker
8497 Linux på sin skole, og lurte på om de kunne bidra til å gjøre
8498 fordelene kjent.  Riktig nok bruker de ikke
8499 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> på denne skolen,
8500 men jeg synes dette er en god anledning til å gjøre flere fasetter
8501 rundt Linux-økosystemet kjent, og tok et lite intervju.</p>
8502
8503 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8504
8505 <p>Mitt navn er Odin Hetland Nøsen og er en 70-modell. Jeg er bosatt i
8506 Stavanger og jobber nå på 9. året som undervisninginspektør på
8507 Harestad skole i Randaberg kommune (nabokommune til Stavanger).</p>
8508
8509 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8510
8511 <p>I 2002 begynte daværende IKT-ansvarlige og jeg et arbeid på skolen
8512 med å gå over fra Win98 til... noe annet. Vi testet en rekke
8513 forskjellige løsninger, deriblant Skolelinux, men endte opp med
8514 RedHat. Skolelinux var den gang ikke modent for det vi ville ha.  Jeg
8515 har siden fulgt jevnlig med på hva skolelinux holder på med, men har
8516 hele tiden vært bedre fornøyd med vår egen "standardiserte" løsning på
8517 RedHat/CentOS og Fedora. Vi snuser for tiden på Ubuntu som løsning på
8518 klientsiden.</p>
8519
8520 <p>I dag har vi på skolen vår en større linux-løsning med 400 klienter
8521 som kjører en blanding av LTSP (tynnklient) og DRBL (tykk klient uten
8522 harddisk) med en masse tjenere på serverrommet. Vi drifter hele
8523 sulamitten selv med webtjener, eposttjener, webmail, filtjenere,
8524 virtuelle tjenere osv.  Og IT-ansvarlig har en 80% stilling som
8525 IT-ansvarlig - og så er han KoH-lærer i de resterende 20% :-)</p>
8526
8527 <p>Du kan få en ide om hva vi holder på med om du går inn på
8528 <a href="http://www.gnuskole.no/">http://www.gnuskole.no/</a>.</p>
8529
8530 <p>For å ta brodden av frykten for at ildsjeler gjør skolen sårbar om
8531 ildsjelene falle fra, har jeg forsikret kommunen og skolesjefen i
8532 Randaberg om at det finnes godt kommersielle tjenester vi kan benytte
8533 oss av - om det skulle bli nødvendig. Vi er tre stykker i kommunen som
8534 nå har <strong>god</strong> linux-kompetanse ift. å drifte et større
8535 system.  IT-avdelingen i kommunen vil ikke ta på oss med ildtang -
8536 selv om vi nok har større IT-kompetanse mot linux enn det de selv har
8537 mot windows (de kjøper en <strong>masse</strong> konsulenttjenester
8538 fra ErgoGroup).</p>
8539
8540 <p>I kvantitet er Harestad og Grødem skole tilsammen et større
8541 IT-system enn resten av Randaberg kommune + Kvitsøy og Rennesøy, som
8542 kommunen også har driftsansvar for.  Vi har som sagt rundt 800
8543 maskiner, mens kommunen med sitt driftsansvar har ansvar for rundt 500
8544 maskiner. Det er selvfølgelig litt forskjell i hvor kritiske
8545 tjenestene våre er, men det gir allikevel et litt rart bilde når
8546 IT-avdelingen overhode ikke er interessert i å snakke med oss om
8547 hvordan vi gjør ting :-)</p>
8548
8549 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8550
8551 <p>Fra linux-perspektivet (ikke bare Skolelinux) er det en fordel av
8552 systemet er basert på fri programvare - og dermed fritt i ordets mange
8553 betydninger. Det er alt vi trenger: stabilt, relativt enkelt å drifte
8554 (tross alt - et større windowssystem er ikke enkelt å holde live det
8555 heller), rimelig i innkjøp og drift, og sist, men ikke minst, det er
8556 moderne for sluttbruker! Linux, i sine mange varianter,
8557 <strong>ser</strong> nytt ut, fordi det hele tiden blir
8558 oppdatert. Derfor lever systemet opp til hvordan elever forventer at
8559 et moderne GUI skal være (i motsetning til WinXP :-).</p>
8560
8561 <p>Vi var veldig pragmatiske da vi begynte med linux i skolen. Det var
8562 billig, det fungerte og kunne bruke alle de gamle windows-maskinene
8563 som "nye" tynne klienter.  I dag er vi mer bevisste fri
8564 programvare-tilhengere.  Vi har oppdaget hva det er - og vi liker
8565 det!</p>
8566
8567 <p>En av de <strong>store</strong> fordelene med fri programvare er at
8568 vi kan installere tjenester vi ønsker å tilby brukerne våre - uten å
8569 måtte tenke på om vi har råd til lisensene (fordi det er ingen). Alt
8570 vi setter i produksjon er ut i fra brukernes behov og vår kapasitet
8571 til å drifte dem. Vi skreddersyr tjenestene etter behovet og dermed
8572 trenger vi ikke ende opp med å kjøpe en pakke der vi egentlig bare var
8573 interessert i en liten del av den.</p>
8574
8575 <p>Bruk av linux frigjør ikke økonomiske midler, fordi midlene til IKT
8576 i skole er for få i utgangspunktet - men vi får så
8577 <strong>mye</strong> mer igjen for dem når vi bruker en linux-løsning
8578 fremfor en windows-løsning. I praksis ser vi at vi måtte ut med det
8579 dobbelte på budsjettet vårt om vi skulle hatt en tilsvarende
8580 windows-løsning, som det vi i dag drifter med linux.</p>
8581
8582 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8583
8584 <p>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig. Det er en del
8585 programvare i skolen som er laget med utviklerverktøy som bare virker
8586 i windows, f.eks. Drillpro, LingDys/LingWrite. Det er også
8587 "programmer" som bare virker om du har tilgang til Microsoft Office,
8588 f.eks. AskiRaski.</p>
8589
8590 <p>Vi sliter også litt med at video-codecer ikke alltid er like lett å
8591 få opp å gå på klientene. Det er alltid en eller annen videosnutt fra
8592 nrk.no som ikke er så samarbeidsvillig, uansett mediaplayer.</p>
8593
8594 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8595
8596 <p>Alt :-) På skolen bruker vi det som finnes og som er nyttig. Det vi
8597 bruker mest er Firefox (jobber med Chrome, fordi det er
8598 <strong>mye</strong> raskere med Flash enn Firefox), OpenOffice (skal
8599 over til LibreOffice), GIMP osv. Standardpakken av
8600 sluttbrukerprogrammer.</p>
8601
8602 <p>På tjenernivå bruker vi OpenWebMail (skal over til Zimbra), Exim
8603 osv.</p>
8604
8605 <p>Personlig bruker jeg de fleste programmer over flere plattformer,
8606 men jeg har lagt meg til en vane å prioritere bruken av fri
8607 programvare også i Windows 7 og OSX.</p>
8608
8609 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8610 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8611
8612 <p>Jeg er langt i fra sikker. For det første handler det mye om at
8613 IKT-avdelingen i kommunen ofte er de som styrer hva som er IKT på
8614 skolene - og de liker å bruke avtalene med Microsoft, som de garantert
8615 har fra før.  Dessuten - Select 6-avtalen til skolene gjør Microsoft
8616 skvettbillig.</p>
8617
8618 <p>Vi la vekt på effektiv drift av systemet - og at vi kunne øke
8619 antall maskiner uten å måtte øke budsjett for utstyr eller personell
8620 særlig mye, enn om vi hadde gått for en Microsoft-løsning. I praksis
8621 ser vi at en ren linux-installasjon driftes til halve prisen av en
8622 Microsoft-løsning.</p>
8623
8624 <p>Vi har i praksis også sett at det lærerne (og elevene) liker er at
8625 vi tilbyr <strong>veldig</strong> mange tjenester som ikke er så
8626 vanlige i en Microsoft-løsning. Det er ikke så vanlig at
8627 <strong>elevene</strong> også har epost, hjemmekontor osv. Det har vi
8628 også brukt som et vellykket argument mot Microsoft.</p>
8629
8630 <p>Den beste måten er selvfølgelig at noen bare bestemmer
8631 det. Problemet er å få dem som har makt til å bestemme det til faktisk
8632 å gjøre det ;-)</p>
8633
8634       </div>
8635       <div class="tags">
8636
8637
8638         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8639
8640
8641       </div>
8642     </div>
8643     <div class="padding"></div>
8644
8645     <div class="entry">
8646       <div class="title">
8647         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Astri_Sletteng.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Astri Sletteng</a>
8648       </div>
8649       <div class="date">
8650         27th February 2011
8651       </div>
8652       <div class="body">
8653         <p>En dame som har bidratt lenge til fri programvare i skoleverket og
8654 i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
8655 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er neste
8656 intervjuoffer.  Det er en glede å her presentere en lærer fra Håkvik.</p>
8657
8658 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8659
8660 <p>Jeg heter Astri Sletteng. Jeg er lærer og IKT veileder ved Håkvik
8661 skole i Narvik kommune.  Min bakgrunn når det gjelder IKT: Av formell
8662 utdannelse har jeg lærerutdanning, Master i skoleledelse og IKT for
8663 lærere. Har jobba som IKT veileder siden 2002.</p>
8664
8665 <p>Det viktigste for meg som IKT veileder er å få fundamentert den
8666 5. basisferdigheten, digital kompetanse ved skolen min på en god måte
8667 slik at hele skolesamfunnet tar i bruk IKT i alle fag. Dette arbeidet
8668 gjøres i nært samarbeid med skolens ledelse.</p>
8669
8670 <p>Min viktigste jobb som IKT veileder er å være motivator og pådriver
8671 i IKT arbeidet ved skolen.</p>
8672
8673 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8674
8675 <p>Jobber i en kommune hvor vi satser på Fri programvare. I 2004 ble
8676 det gjort et politisk vedtak om at vi skulle innføre Skolelinux ved
8677 alle skolene i kommunen. Jeg har dermed en god del erfaring med
8678 Skolelinux, samt annen fri programvare som Open Office, Joomla, Moodle
8679 etc.</p>
8680
8681 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8682
8683 <p>Siden vi jobber med åpen kildekode kan vi få programmene og
8684 produktene tilpasset vår bruk. Det er jo heller ikke en ulempe at
8685 skolen kommer bedre ut økonomisk, men først og fremst er det viktig
8686 for oss at vi har digitale systemer som gjør at vi kan følge
8687 læreplanen i alle fag. Det syns jeg at vi kan gjøre gjennom
8688 Skolelinux.</p>
8689
8690 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8691
8692 <p>Skolen er avhengige av å ha folk på IT avdelinga i kommunen som kan
8693 drive support, og være tilgjengelige når vi trenger hjelp. Det er en
8694 ulempe at ikke alle på denne avdelingen nødvendigvis er god på
8695 Linux.</p>
8696
8697 <p>Vi har også noen utfordringer når det kommer til spesielle
8698 programmer som enkelte elever er avhengige av ? og som ikke er
8699 plattform uavhengige. Her har vi i Friprog-verden, men også
8700 departement en jobb å gjøre.</p>
8701
8702 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8703
8704 <p>Skolen vår bruker Skolelinux, Open Office, Iceweazel (Mozilla),
8705 VLC, Tux paint, Scribus, FreeMind, GIMP, digiKam, Ksnapshot, GeoGebra,
8706 Moodle (innført på alle klassetrinn + som et administrativt verktøy)
8707 og Joomla som hjemmeside.<p>
8708
8709 <p>Det er de jeg kommer på i farten. I tillegg har vi Smartboard
8710 installert på server, men det regnes vel ikke som fri programvare?</p>
8711
8712 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8713 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8714
8715 <p>Først og fremst trenger skolen oppetider på sine datasystemer. Syns
8716 også at det at vi kan få tilpasset plattform og systemer til vår bruk
8717 er en god strategi å bruke.</p>
8718
8719       </div>
8720       <div class="tags">
8721
8722
8723         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8724
8725
8726       </div>
8727     </div>
8728     <div class="padding"></div>
8729
8730     <div class="entry">
8731       <div class="title">
8732         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Rub_n_Romero_y_Cordero.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Rubén Romero y Cordero</a>
8733       </div>
8734       <div class="date">
8735         16th February 2011
8736       </div>
8737       <div class="body">
8738         <p>Styret i foreningen som organiserer skolelinux-utviklersamlinger,
8739 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">FRISK</a>, er fullt av
8740 flinke folk.  Denne gangen har jeg fått et ferskt styremedlem som
8741 kommer fra Ubuntu-miljøet i tale.</p>
8742
8743 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8744
8745 <p>Rubén Romero y Cordero, 81-modell, deltidspappa (50%) for en jente
8746 på 6 år. Jobber i Oslo som Global Sales Executive hos Varnish Software
8747 og til daglig har jeg kontakt med kunder fra hele verden. Min
8748 forkjærlighet for fri programvare har gjort at jeg har nå flere års
8749 erfaring med salg av slike løsninger (bl.a. fra Redpill Linpro og
8750 Freecode) og mye innsikt og kunnskap om det globale IT-markedet.
8751 Ellers er jeg involvert i flere prosjekter bl.a. er jeg Ubuntu
8752 Community medlem, kontaktpersonen for Ubuntu Norge og driveren av
8753 SpreadUbuntu marketing prosjektet og nå fersk styremedlem i FRISK. Jeg
8754 har brukt GNU/Linux siden 1997.</p>
8755
8756 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8757
8758 <p>Som Debian bruker siden slutten av 90-tallet var det uunngåelig å
8759 ikke komme bort i Skolelinux. Dette var vel i slutten av 2001 når jeg
8760 var student ved UiO. Flere år senere fikk jeg lastet og testet Venus
8761 (Skolelinux 1.0) på release dagen.</p>
8762
8763 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8764
8765 <p>Fri programvare bygges sten for sten i det åpne, slik at koden og
8766 prosessen den lages på kan gjennomskues av andre enn de som har laget
8767 det. Det er et vitenskapelig og gjennomsiktig måte å lage programvare
8768 på.</p>
8769
8770 <p>Skoler i vårt samfunn skal være steder hvor vitenskapelig kunnskap
8771 deles til alle.  I dag har vi ikke et vitenskapelig tilnærming til
8772 hvordan programvaren som brukes på skolen lages. Skolelinux bringer
8773 inn at slik tilnærming i skoleverkets klasserom, siden
8774 operativsystemet er en åpent platform som gir skolene muligheten til å
8775 dra nytte av programvare som er laget av tusenvis av mennesker verden
8776 rundt og som gir elevene så vel som lærerne muligheten til å bruke,
8777 dele, forandre og forbedre OSet sitt uten begrensninger. I den
8778 forbindelsen representerer Skolelinux også konkrete resultater utfra
8779 samhandling på tvers av grenser.</p>
8780
8781 <p>Når det gjelder de tekniske fordelene av Skolelinux er jeg sikker
8782 på at andre enn meg har allerede beskrevet disse bedre enn det jeg
8783 kan.  Men jeg kan likevel tilføye noe: Skolelinux som sådan er en
8784 community-drevet operativsystemplatform. Som i ethvert
8785 community-prosjekt har alle Skolelinux brukere muligheten til å
8786 påvirke retning av prosjektet og resultatet som gjenspeiles i
8787 programvaren. Dette kommer sjeldent frem og jeg mener at det er noe
8788 som burde fokuseres mer på.</p>
8789
8790 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8791
8792 <p>De største ulempene er:</p>
8793
8794 <ul>
8795 <li>Mangel på kompetanse</li>
8796 <li>Mangel av administrative verktøy som kunne hjelpe lokale IT
8797   avdelinger å bruke Skolelinux til mer enn bare en tjener for
8798   terminalklienter. Et eksempel: Zentyal sin web-dashboard.</li>
8799 </ul>
8800
8801 <p>Bedre og mer intuitive administrative verktøy kunne løst deler av
8802 problemet, men det er unektelig at ved bruk av Skolelinux må
8803 IT-personalet vite hva de gjør for å få ting gjort riktig, eller i det
8804 hele tatt. Med andre platformer er kompetansen enklere tilgjengelig og
8805 løsningene kan fungere på en tilfredstillende, om ikke riktig
8806 måte.</p>
8807
8808 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8809
8810 <p>Har brukt GNU/Linux utelukkende sommitt skrivebord OS siden 2000. I
8811 dag bruker jeg Ubuntu og gjør det meste med friprogramvare verktøyene
8812 som er tilgjengelige der. Med over 20.000 programmer å velge mellom er
8813 dette mer enn nok for de fleste brukerne.</p>
8814
8815 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8816 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8817
8818 <p>Opplysning og pragmatikk.  Vi prøver å løse problemer med bruk av
8819 programvare. De fleste utfordringene skolene har på IKT-siden kan
8820 løses ved hjelp av friprogramvareverktøy i dag. Det som trenges er
8821 opplysning, kunnskap og kompetanse.</p>
8822
8823       </div>
8824       <div class="tags">
8825
8826
8827         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8828
8829
8830       </div>
8831     </div>
8832     <div class="padding"></div>
8833
8834     <div class="entry">
8835       <div class="title">
8836         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Morten_Amundsen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Morten Amundsen</a>
8837       </div>
8838       <div class="date">
8839         23rd January 2011
8840       </div>
8841       <div class="body">
8842         <p>Denne gangen er det Tromsøkontoret til Friprog-senteret, og nyvalgt
8843 styremedlem i <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
8844 FRISK</a> jeg har fått i tale i min intervjuserie med
8845 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-folk.</p>
8846
8847 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8848
8849 <p>Jeg heter Morten Amundsen og jobber i
8850 <a href="http://www.friprog.no/">Friprog.no</a>, men er for tiden leid
8851 ut til <a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/">Bredbåndsfylket
8852 Troms</a> der jeg jobber med ett prosjekt som heter
8853 "<a href="http://www.bredbandsfylket.no/skolefjoela.157417.no.html">Skolefjøla</a>"
8854 Vi ser på en åpen løsning som integrerer eksisterende lukkete
8855 løsninger sammen med fri programvare. Målet er å gi elever og lærere
8856 en plattform som de kan tilpasse utfra behov.</p>
8857
8858 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8859
8860 <p>Skolelinux har jeg møtt ved flere anledninger opp gjennom åra, både gjennom
8861 entusiastiske skolelinuxbrukere og skeptiske "forståsegpåere" :-)</p>
8862
8863 <p>Jeg husker en leverandør av et stort OS for noen år siden mente at
8864 Skolelinux var kun for hackere og nerder og at ingen seriøse skoler
8865 kunne ta dette i bruk.  Heldigvis er kunnskapen større nå og
8866 skikkelige "IT-folk" søker alltid å utvide sin kunnskap.
8867
8868 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8869
8870 <p>Ja det er mange fordeler. Uavhengighet, stabilitet, åpenhet, standarder
8871 osv. Tror det er viktig at man ikke begrenser mulighetene på den plattformen
8872 elevene skal jobbe.</p>
8873
8874 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8875
8876 <p>Det største hinderet er det vi opplever på andre områder rundt
8877 fri programvare, nemlig kunnskap. For mange er det trygt å velge det vi
8878 alltid har valgt. Fordi leverandørene rundt oss sitter på den kunnskapen og
8879 de vi støtter oss på har den samme.  Hvis vi klarer å riste løs litt og
8880 glemme gamle kriger mellom operativsystemer og  leverandører, men sette ned
8881 hva som er viktig og velge ut fra det, så hadde man kanskje kommet ut med
8882 litt andre resultat. Jeg tror IT-folk er konservative og velger tradisjonelt
8883 og det er synd.</p>
8884
8885 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
8886
8887 <p>Jeg bruker Ubuntu, Android, Jolicloud, Open Office, Zimbra, Picasa
8888 og Firefox samt en bråte med tjenester som er webbasert. Det eneste
8889 som er betalingslisens for er OSX.  Ser at jeg jobber mer og mer i
8890 skyen og setter pris på alt jeg slipper egen klient til.  Derfor er
8891 jeg veldig sjarmert av små kjappe operativsystemer som krever minimalt
8892 av maskinvaren.</p>
8893
8894 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
8895 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
8896
8897 <p>Tror en blanding av krav og informasjon er veien å gå. Krav om
8898 sikkerhet, oppetid og åpne standarder.  Informasjon om muligheter og
8899 alternativer. Her har leverandører, IT-avdelinger og pedagoger en vei
8900 å gå sammen. Det er til slutt LÆRING det dreier seg om, og da må man
8901 få mest mulig læring for pengene man har.</p>
8902
8903       </div>
8904       <div class="tags">
8905
8906
8907         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
8908
8909
8910       </div>
8911     </div>
8912     <div class="padding"></div>
8913
8914     <div class="entry">
8915       <div class="title">
8916         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Sturle_Sunde.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Sturle Sunde</a>
8917       </div>
8918       <div class="date">
8919         19th January 2011
8920       </div>
8921       <div class="body">
8922         <p>Denne gang har jeg fått tak i en mangeårig unix-mann som etter
8923 mange år ved Universitetet i Oslo, der jeg først traff ham, har
8924 flyttet tilbake til vestlandet, og der bidratt til å revitalisere
8925 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>-oppsettet i
8926 Florø.</p>
8927
8928 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
8929
8930 <p>Sturle Sunde, ansvarleg for skulenettet i Flora kommune.  Eg driv,
8931 vidareutviklar og er andrelinje brukarstøtte for datanettet ved
8932 skulane i Flora kommune.  10 skular og meir enn 700 maskiner med
8933 Linux, medrekna tynnklientar.  Tidlegare jobba eg i mange år med
8934 unix-drift ved Universitetets senter for informasjonsteknologi ved
8935 Universitetet i Oslo.</p>
8936
8937 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
8938
8939 <p>Det er vanskeleg å svare konkret på.  Eg har drive med Unix og Linux i
8940 alle år, og Skulelinux er eit godt kjent prosjekt i miljøet.  Det var
8941 først i 2008, då eg tok til i min noverande jobb, at eg fekk bruk for
8942 Skulelinux for alvor.</p>
8943
8944 <p>Jobben min skulle vere drift av eit nytt skulenett i Flora kommune,
8945 levert av eit firma eg ikkje vil reklamere for.  Systemet skulle vere
8946 ferdig levert i september året før.  Dette viste seg å ta mykje lenger
8947 tid, og i haustferien 2008 hadde dei endå ikkje klart å få opp ei
8948 fungerande løysing.  Situasjonen var prekær for den største skulen i
8949 kommunen med meir enn 500 elevar på ungdomssteget.  Skulen hadde brukt
8950 Skulelinux før, og var tilfredse med det.  No hadde dei vore utan
8951 fungerande datasystem i nesten eit år.  Difor fekk eg opp ein ny tenar
8952 utanfor prosjektet og installerte Skulelinux på den.  Etter litt
8953 justering av konfigurasjonen med god hjelp av #skolelinux på IRC, var
8954 den nye tenaren oppe og gjekk med både tynne og halv-tjukke klientar.
8955 Autentisering gjekk mot det nye systemet, slik at elevar og lærarar
8956 framleis har same brukarnamn og passord over alt.  Dette berre
8957 fungerte, og vi bestemte oss for å erstatte delar av løysinga vi
8958 skulle få levert med Skulelinux.</p>
8959
8960 <p>Det høyrer med til historia at det nye systemet eg skulle drive frå
8961 januar 2008 endå ikkje er ferdig levert.  Dei jobbar med saka, seier
8962 dei, og har von om å fullføre leveransen i løpet av 2011.</p>
8963
8964 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
8965
8966 <p>Det er veldig mange.  Eg skal ta nokre få.</p>
8967
8968 <p>Den viktigaste fordelen er at det igrunn berre er ei maskin å passe
8969 på, og det er tenaren.  Med andre løysingar har ein gjerne programvare
8970 og anna som skal vedlikehaldast på kvar enkelt maskin.  Med Skulelinux
8971 kan alle feil rettast og alle program oppgraderast på alle maskiner
8972 samstundes ved å gjere endringa som må til på tenaren.  Eg kan sitje
8973 på kontoret og passe på alle tenarane i kommunen derifrå.</p>
8974
8975 <ul>
8976
8977 <li>Tynne klientar gjer det mogleg å bruke eldre utstyr lenge, so lenge
8978 tenaren er sterk nok.  Ein liten tenar med eit par halv-moderne CPUar
8979 og 2 GiB RAM held lenge for eit typisk klasserom med 30 tynnklientar,
8980 og det er lett å utvide med fleire.
8981
8982 <li>Halvtjukke klientar gjer det mogleg å utnytte kapasiteten i litt
8983 nyare maskiner betre, og avlaste tenaren.  Ingenting vert installert
8984 lokalt på desse heller, og harddisken kan gjerne koblast frå.  Gode
8985 halvtjukke klientar kan kjøpast brukt for under 1000-lappen, og det er
8986 heile kostnaden.  Ingen lisensar eller anna på toppen, og det er ikkje
8987 krav til kraftigare tenar heller.
8988
8989 <li>Det er Linux.  Vi har ikkje noko kluss med drivarar, dei berre er
8990 der.  Heller ikkje med virus, dei finst i realiteten ikkje.  Eller med
8991 elevar som klussar med installert programvare, for dei klarar ikkje å
8992 øydeleggje for nokon andre enn seg sjølve.
8993
8994 </ul>
8995
8996 <p>Skulelinux er lagt opp til å vere veldig lett å installere rett ut
8997 av boksen på ein heil skule av ein interessert lærar.  Det er ofte ei
8998 god løysing for skulen.  Å ha nokon til stades som kjenner systemet og
8999 kan forklare enkle ting eller løyse problem der og då, er uvurderleg
9000 viktig for ein stressa lærar fem minutt før det ringer inn.</p>
9001
9002 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9003
9004 <p>All den ferdige konfigurasjonen gjer det tungvint å tilpasse
9005 Skulelinux til eit system som skal fungere saman med mange andre
9006 installasjonar i eit felles datanett for skulane i ein kommune.  Det
9007 heile er prekonfigurert for ein skule, og utviding til mange skular
9008 med eigne tenarar er ikkje berre enkelt.</p>
9009
9010 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9011
9012 <p>Eg brukar mest alle små hjelpeprogram som føl med operativsystemet,
9013 samt scriptspråket perl.  Elles er Firefox/Iceweasel, Gnome-terminal
9014 og ssh i kontinuerleg bruk.  Av Linux-distribusjonar brukar eg både
9015 Debian, Ubuntu, SuSE og RedHat dagleg.  Eg prøvar å finne det verktyet
9016 som passar best til kvar del av jobben.</p>
9017
9018 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9019 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9020
9021 <p>Det er to målgrupper ein må sikte mot.  Det eine er alle skulane som
9022 manglar eller har eit lite tilfredsstillande opplegg i dag, og ikkje
9023 har råd til å kjøpe noko nytt og blankpussa opplegg.  Der er det om å
9024 gjere å gjere det enkelt for skulane å finne Skulelinux, og gjere det
9025 enkelt for dei å få hjelp til installasjon på skulen.  Gjerne med
9026 lokale kontaktpersonar.  Her er det dugnadsinnsats som må til, for
9027 desse skulane har ikkje råd til å betale for dette.</p>
9028
9029 <p>Den andre og kanskje viktigare målgruppa er dei meir eller mindre
9030 profesjonelle kundane.  Alle store offentlege innkjøp, inkludert
9031 innkjøp av nytt datasystem for skular, må ut på offentleg anbod.
9032 Offentlege anbod er mykje meir lukka enn dei gjev inntrykk av, og både
9033 regelboka og boka med triks for å sminke tilbodet er tjukk.  Det er
9034 vanskeleg å komme inn utan eit solid salsapparat i ryggen.  Kanskje
9035 Skulelinux skulle prøve aktivt å få seg eit partnarskap med eit av dei
9036 store som gjerne vil sterkare inn på den offentlege IT-marknaden?
9037 Nokon som kjenner triksa og har krefter til å ta opp kampen mot både
9038 dårlege anbod og Rudolf Blostrupmoen IT AS.  Leveranse til skulane i
9039 ein kommune er ein god måte å få ein fot inn døra som leverandør til
9040 ein lukrativ kommunemarknad som kjøper alle tenester.  Ta kontakt med
9041 nokon som er passeleg store og ikkje er Microsoft-partnar, og fortell:
9042 «Vi har eit ferdig produkt som du kan selje.  Nei vi skal ikkje ha for
9043 det.  Du kan gjerne gjere kva du vil med det, berre vi får lov til å
9044 hjelpe deg.  Målgruppa er alle kommunar, og det er noko dei vil ha.
9045 Det er eit godt produkt, brukt av mange og godt likt.»</p>
9046
9047       </div>
9048       <div class="tags">
9049
9050
9051         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9052
9053
9054       </div>
9055     </div>
9056     <div class="padding"></div>
9057
9058     <div class="entry">
9059       <div class="title">
9060         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Embrik_Kaslegard.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Embrik Kaslegard</a>
9061       </div>
9062       <div class="date">
9063         16th January 2011
9064       </div>
9065       <div class="body">
9066         <p>Neste ut i min intervjuserie med folk i
9067 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a> er
9068 lærer, mangeårig bidragsyter på epostlistene og tidligere
9069 Skolelinux-administrator på en skole i Hemsedal.</p>
9070
9071 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9072
9073 <p>Embrik Kaslegard, 1964-modell, fire barn (7-20 år). Begynte som
9074 lærer i 1989 - har hatt IKT-ansvar siden første året i jobb. Har
9075 jobbet som lærer/IKT-ansvarlig uavbrutt siden 1989. Jobbet med
9076 Skolelinux fra 2004 til 2010. Nå har jeg fått ny arbeidsplass og er
9077 40% lærer og 60% IKT med Windows XP, Win2003 server og et regionalt
9078 IKT-regime som legger premissene og begrensingene for hva vi kan gjøre
9079 på skolen.</p>
9080
9081 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9082
9083 <p>Jeg leste en artikkel om en dugnadsinstallasjon av Skolelinux på en
9084 skole på Jæren et sted. Tanken om dugnad og frihet appellerte til
9085 meg. Da vi skulle bygge ny skole var det en del vi måtte spare på,
9086 fordi vi beveget oss mot en kostnadssprekk. Kabling og investering i
9087 PC-er var en av tingene vi sparte på. Derfor kjøpe vi 72 pc-er for 390
9088 pr stk. En filtjener og en applikasjonsserver.</p>
9089
9090 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9091
9092 <p>Fordelen er at så mye er satt opp fra starten. I tillegg er det
9093 tydelig at pakka er laga for skoleverket. Brukerne har egne
9094 skrivebord, tilgang på mange gode verktøyprogrammer. Vi slipper å
9095 tenke på virus. Brukerne har ikke mulighet til å ødelegge
9096 klientoppsett, men har gode muligheter til å endre eget oppsett. Dette
9097 tror jeg er inspirerende og kjekt for mange brukere.  Mappestrukturen
9098 er ferdig og det er "enkelt" å designe lokale mappestrukturer via
9099 skeleton.  Noen av oss i skoleverket mener skolen skal være en
9100 "mot-kultur". Da er Skolelinux et av valgene man kan ta. Et annet er å
9101 spise på indisk restaurant i stedet for Mc Donald's når vi er på bytur
9102 osv.. Ordene deling, frihet, dugnad osv er positive ord i
9103 skoleverket. Det er viktig at elevene blir bevisst dette.</p>
9104
9105 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9106
9107 <p>Kompabiliteten er selvsagt et problem, selv om det er mindre nå enn
9108 før.  For IKT-personer på skolene som skal drifte dette er det
9109 problematisk med kommandoer i terminalen.  I tillegg er det alt for
9110 mange programmer i Skolelinux som ikke blir brukt.  Jeg tror
9111 Skolelinux er tjent med å tone ned begrepet pedagogisk programvare.
9112 Slik jeg ser det finnes ikke denne kategorien programmer lengre slik
9113 de gjorde før, som frittsående programmer som installeres på en
9114 datamaskin eller på serveren.  Det finnes en del spesialpedagogiske
9115 programmer, som Textpilot, LingDys, LingRight, AskiRaski, Ny i Norge
9116 osv.  Men dette er programmer for enkelt-elever eller små grupper av
9117 elever.  Det som bør være fokus er at alle undervisningsressurser som
9118 lages for nettet skal være nettleseruavhengig.</p>
9119
9120 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9121
9122 <p>OpenOffice bruker jeg til vanlig kontorarbeide.  VLC bruker jeg som
9123 videoavspiller og av og til streaming av film.  Gimp bruker jeg i
9124 undervisningen til bildemanipulering. Firefox og Chrome er mine
9125 favoritt-nettlesere.  Firefox har lenge vært førstevalget mitt, nå
9126 bruker jeg mest Chrome.  Opplever den som raskere og smidigere enn
9127 Firefox.  Ubuntu bruker jeg som dualboot på jobb-maskinen min i
9128 tillegg til at alle PCer hjemme har en eller annen Ubuntu-distribusjon
9129 installert.  Jeg bruker Clonezilla på Ubuntu 10.04 til kloning av
9130 datamaskiner på jobb.  Det er selvsagt en haug andre frie programmer
9131 jeg bruker men jeg bruker dem ikke daglig.  Jeg kan ramse opp:
9132 recordmydesktop, cinelerra, acidrip, soundjuicer, audacity, NX
9133 (no-machine), Kino, Rythmbox...</p>
9134
9135 <p><strong>Hvilken strategi tror du er den rette å bruke for å få
9136 skoler til å ta i bruk fri programvare?</strong></p>
9137
9138 <p>Jeg tror oppsøkende virksomhet er den rette strategien.
9139 Ressurspersoner gjør avtaler med rådmenn, skolesjefer, rektorer.  Det
9140 er slik konkurrentene gjør det.  Fokuset i slike samtaler bør være
9141 kost-nytte.  Dersom personer med økonomisk ansvar ser at de kan få
9142 like godt tilbud til mindre utgifter, tror jeg det er mulighet til å
9143 få innpass.  Dersom de også kan få konkrete tilbud på drift i slike
9144 samtaler, vil de kanskje bli litt mer interesserte i hvor mye penger
9145 som faktisk går til IKT i skolene.  Det er også viktig at vi ikke
9146 firer for mye på krav til datamaskiner.  Det er flott at Skolelinux
9147 går på "utrangert" utstyr, men dette bør bare presenteres som et
9148 alternativ.  Skolelinux-installasjoner med utrangert utstyr er ikke å
9149 foretrekke dersom man kan unngå det. Det skaper ikke entusiasme hos
9150 brukerne (elever og lærere) når de bruker gamle datamaskiner som går
9151 tregt.  Det er kjempefint med skoler som har kommet seg frem til
9152 Skolelinux og fri programvare av seg selv, men de lever på nåde.
9153 Slike valg må fundamenteres hos skoleeier.</p>
9154
9155 <p>Oppdatering 2011-01-16 22:40: Oppdatert svarene for de tre siste
9156 spørsmålene litt mer tekst fra Embrik.</p>
9157
9158       </div>
9159       <div class="tags">
9160
9161
9162         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9163
9164
9165       </div>
9166     </div>
9167     <div class="padding"></div>
9168
9169     <div class="entry">
9170       <div class="title">
9171         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Viggo_Fedreheim.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Viggo Fedreheim</a>
9172       </div>
9173       <div class="date">
9174         12th January 2011
9175       </div>
9176       <div class="body">
9177         <p>Jeg fortsetter min intervjuserie med folk i
9178 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Denne
9179 gang er det en av folkene som har vært med lenge og som har tatt i
9180 bruk Skolelinux på alle skolene i Narvik kommune som skal i ilden.
9181 Han er styremedlem i
9182 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen
9183 FRISK</a>.</p>
9184
9185 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9186
9187 <p>Mitt navn er Viggo Fedreheim, og jeg er pedagogisk og teknisk
9188 IKT-veileder for alle skoler i Narvik kommune.  Jeg drifter totalt 17
9189 servere basert på Skolelinux og Debian. Jeg holder i tillegg noen kurs
9190 mellom all driftingen. For tiden arbeider jeg med en sentral
9191 LDAP-tjener for alle skoleservere samt våre Moodle- og
9192 Joomla-installasjoner.</p>
9193
9194 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9195
9196 <p>Gjennom en eller annen nettavis i 2001 der var det skrevet om
9197 Skolelinux.  Artikkelen ga meg lyst til å prøve ut systemet.</p>
9198
9199 <p>Det startet i 2002 ved at jeg installerte en av de første utgavene
9200 av Skolelinux på en standard pc på Solneset skole i Tromsø.  Denne var
9201 oppe fram til desember 2003 da jeg sluttet på den skolen og begynte i
9202 ny jobb i Narvik kommune.</p>
9203
9204 <p> I Narvik kommune var det i 2004 kun 2 servere på da totalt 15
9205 skoler. Disse var Windows NT baserte. På disse to skolene var det lite
9206 med maskiner.  Jobben med å få Narvik Kommune opp på akseptabelt nivå
9207 virket å være formidabel.  Men med hjelp av gode kollegaer og leder
9208 skrev jeg en IKT plan for Narvik kommune som ble vedtatt av politikere
9209 i august 2004. I denne planen ble det bestemt at Narvik kommune skulle
9210 bruke Skolelinux.  Her ble det også satt av midler til kabling av god
9211 infrastruktur på alle skoler samt innkjøp av nye datamaskiner.  Så i
9212 dag har vi 17 servere hvorav 13 er på Skolelinux, med ca 1500 klienter
9213 basert på tynne, "halvtykke" og et stort antall bærbare pcer basert på
9214 Kubuntu.</p>
9215
9216 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9217
9218 <p>Lisenskostnader, driftkostnader og hardwarekrav som er mye lavere
9219 enn for andre systemer.</p>
9220
9221 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9222
9223 <p>Pedagogiske programvare som ikke fungerer mot Linux. En Stoooor
9224 flaskehals og som gjør at Linux kanskje ikke blir valgt andre
9225 plasser.</p>
9226
9227 <p>Eksempler er Relemo, Lindys (lingit sine programmer), 5plus
9228 (matematikk).  Disse er programmer som ikke lar seg kjøre i Linux.</p>
9229
9230 <p> Men det ser ut for at mange leverandører går over til mer
9231 nettbaserte programmer istedet for å installere lokalt.  Dette med
9232 enkelte leverandører som ikke kan levere programmer til Linux er et
9233 lite problem og over tid tror jeg at denne barrieren er borte.</p>
9234
9235 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9236
9237 <p>Kjører Kubuntu på laptoper, Debian squeeze på stasjonær
9238 kontorpc. Ut over dette arbeder jeg svært mye via konsoll mot andre
9239 servere.</p>
9240
9241       </div>
9242       <div class="tags">
9243
9244
9245         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9246
9247
9248       </div>
9249     </div>
9250     <div class="padding"></div>
9251
9252     <div class="entry">
9253       <div class="title">
9254         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_intervju__Arnt_Ove_Gregersen.html">Skolelinux-intervju: Arnt Ove Gregersen</a>
9255       </div>
9256       <div class="date">
9257          9th January 2011
9258       </div>
9259       <div class="body">
9260         <p>Inspirert av
9261 <a href="http://raphaelhertzog.com/tag/interview/">intervjurunden</a>
9262 som Raphael Hertzog har startet med folk i Debianprosjektet, fikk jeg
9263 lyst til å gjøre det samme med folk i
9264 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinuxprosjektet</a>.  Håpet
9265 er at de som til daglig bidrar til å fremme fri programvare i
9266 skoleverket og utvikler en linux-distribusjon spesiallaget for
9267 skolebruk kan bli bedre kjent og kanskje inspirere flere til å bidra
9268 til Skolelinux-prosjektet.</p>
9269
9270 <p>Først ut er nyvalgt leder i
9271 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">foreningen FRISK</a> som
9272 organiserer utviklingen av Skolelinux-distribusjonen.  FRISK trenger
9273 alltid flere medlemmer, så
9274 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/index.php?page=signup">meld
9275 deg gjerne inn</a> hvis du vil støtte oss.</p>
9276
9277 <p><strong>Hvem er du, og hva driver du med til daglig?</strong></p>
9278
9279 <p><!-- Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er en småbarnfar på 32 år som
9280 for tiden bor Trondheim. -->
9281 Mitt navn er Arnt Ove Gregersen, jeg er 32 år og bor for tiden i Trondheim.
9282
9283 Her jobber jeg som systemutvikler i et firma
9284 som heter <a href="http://www.geomatikk-ikt.no/">Geomatikk IKT AS</a>,
9285 hvor jeg er på et Vegmeldings-prosjekt for Statens Vegvesen. På
9286 fritiden er jeg styreleder i FRISK (Fri programvare i skolen) og
9287 bidrar til bl.a. Skolelinux-prosjektet når jeg får tid til det. Det er
9288 primært hjemmesiden til Skolelinux-prosjektet og
9289 <a href="http://linuxveiviseren.no/">Linux-veiviseren</a> jeg har
9290 jobbet med her, men jeg har også gjort en del arbeid i forhold til
9291 FRISK sin hjemmeside.</p>
9292
9293 <p><strong>Hvordan kom du i kontakt med Skolelinux-prosjektet?</strong></p>
9294
9295 <p>Jeg var på en presentasjon av prosjektet i regi av Knut Yrvin på
9296 Gløshaugen i Trondheim, hvor jeg fattet stor interesse for prosjektet
9297 og ville hjelpe til så godt jeg kunne.  Dette var vel i 2002 eller
9298 2003.</p>
9299
9300 <p>Jeg hadde fra før hørt om prosjektet fra før og syntes tanken bak var
9301 ganske fin, men hadde ikke noen interesse av bruke min egen fritid på
9302 det selv.</p>
9303
9304 <p>I etterkant av presentasjonen startet jeg og noen andre fra
9305 Trondheim "Skolelinux-prosjektet i Sør-Trøndelag" . Hvor vi var med å
9306 bidra til at Trondheim kommune satte igang Selsbakk ungdomskole som et
9307 pilotprosjekt med Skolelinux, som egentlig var og er en stor suksess,
9308 men det virker ut som det ikke skjer noe mer på. I tillegg var vi med
9309 på dugnad på Brundalen videregående skole hvor vi installerte
9310 Skolelinux som såvidt jeg vet fortsatt kjører på Skolelinux.</p>
9311
9312 <p><strong>Hva er fordelene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9313
9314 <p>Det bygger på fri programvare og har lav kostnad i forhold til
9315 nytteverdien. Dette fordi det har forholdsvis lav inngangsum og bruker
9316 en arkitektur med sentral-drift som gir mange driftfordeler.  I
9317 tillegg vil det kunne frigjøre kostnader for skolene slik at de kan
9318 bruke dem til å ansette f,eks flere lærere om det er ønskelig.</p>
9319
9320 <p><strong>Hva er ulempene med Skolelinux slik du ser det?</strong></p>
9321
9322 <P>Ikke all pedagogisk programvare er tilgjengelig der, som f.eks
9323 Drillpro om jeg ikke husker feil.</p>
9324
9325 <p><strong>Hvilken fri programvare bruker du til daglig?</strong></p>
9326
9327 <p>Til utvikling av Java-applikasjoner og Android bruker jeg Eclipse og
9328 Quanta til web-utvikling via php. For all bildebehandling bruker jeg
9329 GIMP og Blender til 3d-modellering . Dessverre har Blender en bratt
9330 læringskurve i starten, men det er absolutt verdt det.
9331
9332 <p>Til musikk bruker jeg stort Rhytmbox. Firefox til surfing på nettet og
9333 Thunderbird og Evolution til e-post,
9334
9335 <p>På database-siden bruker jeg PostgreSQL, Postgis og av og til Mysql.
9336
9337 <p>Når jeg får tid til å spille bruker jeg som regel et strategi-spill
9338 som er basert på TA Spring-motoren (springrts.com), her er det et
9339 veldig bra utvalg av gratis spill som er av høy kvalitet. Veldig lett
9340 å bli hektet :)</p>
9341
9342       </div>
9343       <div class="tags">
9344
9345
9346         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9347
9348
9349       </div>
9350     </div>
9351     <div class="padding"></div>
9352
9353     <div class="entry">
9354       <div class="title">
9355         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Inspirerende_fra_en_ukjent_Skolelinux_skole.html">Inspirerende fra en ukjent Skolelinux-skole</a>
9356       </div>
9357       <div class="date">
9358          4th January 2011
9359       </div>
9360       <div class="body">
9361         <p>Følgende inspirerende historie fant jeg i
9362 <a href="http://www.digi.no/php/ny_debatt.php?id=858869#innlegg_770926">kommentarfeltet
9363 hos digi.no</a> i forbindelse med en trist sak om hvordan
9364 <a href="http://www.digi.no/858869/datakaos-etter-linux-satsing">skolen
9365 i Hemsedal har fått ødelagt</a> sin Skolelinux-installasjon.  Jeg har
9366 fikset endel åpenbare skrivefeil for lesbarhetens skyld.</p>
9367
9368 <blockquote>
9369 <p><strong>Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9370 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9371
9372 <p>Kommunen min har to omtrent jevnstore tettsteder, og en
9373 ungdomsskole i hvert av tettstedene. Den minste av disse har ca 300
9374 elever og til denne sogner det 3 barneskoler. Den største har ca 350
9375 elever og til denne sogner det 4 barneskoler.</p>
9376
9377 <ul>
9378
9379 <li>Kommunen har i veldig lang tid forsømt IKT i skolen, og det har
9380 bare blitt gitt smuler i ny og ne. Det er kun den største av
9381 ungdomsskolene som har hatt en skikkelig datapark, og dette takket
9382 være en naturfaglærer som ble lei av å vente på kommunen. Det gjorde
9383 at vi bestemte oss for å ta ting i egne hender, og da vha
9384 skolelinux. En testinstallasjon med 10 gamle PCer ble gjort, og vi så
9385 raskt at dette var veldig lovende. Neste etappe var å gi alle lærere
9386 egen PC på arbeidsplassene sine (2004), og så sette opp 16 PCer på to
9387 datarom. Vi har kun basert oss på å kjøpe inn brukte maskiner, og
9388 aldri dyrere enn 1000 kr pr klient. For to år siden så hadde vi
9389 klienter i alle klasserom, og totalt hadde vi da rundt 250 stk. Rundt
9390 40 klienter brukes av lærerne og kjører på en egen server. Elvene har
9391 resten, og kjører også en egen server. Servere har vi også kjøpt
9392 brukt, 2 år gamle servere koster 6-7000 kroner.</li>
9393
9394 <li>Skolen vår er et relativt gammelt bygg, men en meget dyktig
9395 vaktmester har sammen med IKT-ansvarlig/Naturfaglærer lagt kabler til alle
9396 rom. Gradvis har vi byttet ut billige svitsjer med mer solide saker
9397 som er mulig å fjernstyre.</li>
9398
9399 <li>Vi har i all hovedsak greid å få dette til over eget budsjett, men
9400 vi har også passet på å få penger når de andre skolene har fått
9401 bærbare PCer til lærere osv.</li>
9402
9403 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har gjort (og gjør) en fenomenal jobb, og vi har
9404 en maskinpark som de andre av kommunens skoler bare kan drømme
9405 om.</li>
9406
9407 </ul>
9408
9409 <p>Så skjer det som ofte skjer. Det kommer en eller annen
9410 selger/blåruss og skal fikse ALT. I vårt tilfelle betyr dette også
9411 sentralisering av drift. Den ny-ansatte på kommunens IT-avdelingen
9412 skal også ha jobb, og ser for seg å ta over skoledriften. Kommunen
9413 kjøper inn eksterne driftstjenester, og nekter i samme slengen å ta
9414 hensyn til skolen vår. Dette til tross for at vi alene har like mange
9415 datamaskiner som de andre til sammen. </p>
9416
9417 <ul>
9418
9419 <li>Det blir krevd at vi skal innlemmes i de kommunale systemet, og
9420 det er VI som får ansvar for at dette kommer på plass. Og det er her
9421 de horrible tingene begynner å skje. </li>
9422
9423 <li>Det settes opp en lukket Exchange server som gjør av vi ikke kan
9424 hente epost for våre ansatte. Og det kreves at vi finner løsning på
9425 dette.</li>
9426
9427 <li>Det velges sak arkivsystem som vi pålegges å bruke, noe som gjør
9428 at vi må bruke en terminalløsning mot kommunal server. Ikke i seg selv
9429 et problem i følge IKT-ansvarlig hos oss. Men kommunens IT-avd nektet
9430 faktisk å åpne de porter OSV som vi måtte bruke.</li>
9431
9432 <li>Vi blir pålagt å flytte på innsiden av det kommunale
9433 nettverket. Dette gjorde at vi mistet hjemmekontor for lærere og
9434 elever. Å få åpnet porter i kommunal brannmur var ikke
9435 aktuelt. Mulighet for fjerndrift ble også vekk i samme slengen. </li>
9436
9437 <li>Vår LMS Moodle er ikke mulig å nå for elevene og lærerne.
9438
9439 </ul>
9440
9441 <p>Den andre ungdomsskolen i kommunen begynner så å kreve at de skal
9442 få bedre datatetthet, og komme opp på et nivå som ligner det vi
9443 har. De ser at vi kan avholde eksamen hvor alle 10. klassingene får
9444 sitte ved hver sin PC. Og de har fått tilbakemelding (klager) fra VGS
9445 om manglende datakompetanse på elevene som kommer fra dem. Dette fører
9446 videre til at kommunen endelig innser at de må ta grep. </p>
9447
9448 <p>Grepet betyr sentralisering, og farvel til vår plattform får vi
9449 høre. Det blir gjort en rekke bestemmelser og vedtak som vi ikke får
9450 være en del av. Det blir helt klart at vi må redusere antall maskiner,
9451 og det skal satses på bærbare maskiner. Siden vi ikke har fått tatt
9452 del i prosessene som angår oss, så bruker vi fagforening. Vi har ikke
9453 blitt hørt i forbindelse med endringer som er betydelig for vår
9454 hverdag, og greier å stoppe omlegging. I tillegg så har vi et politisk
9455 vedtak i kommunen på at vi skal kjøre Linux på elevnett, og dette
9456 vedtaket kan ikke administrasjonen i kommunene helt uten videre
9457 tilsidesette. </p>
9458
9459 <p>I sum har dette gjort at vi har fått jobbe videre i fred. Og en del
9460 runder i kommunens kontrollutvalg har gjort det tydelig at vi har blitt
9461 systematisk motarbeidet. </p>
9462
9463 <p>I dag har de andre skolene fått sine bærbare maskiner til elever og
9464 lærere, men etter 2 år med innkjøring er det fremdeles problemer
9465 her. </p>
9466
9467 <ul>
9468
9469 <li>Ungdomsskolen med windows kan ikke kjøre eksamen med sine bærbare,
9470 det er for mye arbeid å renske disse for innhold slik at juks ikke er
9471 mulig.</li>
9472
9473 <li>Utskrift er et mareritt, etter sigende pga at utskrift først
9474 sendes til sentral server, og så sendes ut til rett skriver. I snitt
9475 så tar det 7-8 minutter før utskrift starter på enkelte av
9476 skolene.</li>
9477
9478 <li>Trådløst skaper store problemer, og det er i perioder helt umulig
9479 å komme seg på nett. Og lagring på felles server er bare å glemme i
9480 perioder.</li>
9481
9482 </ul>
9483
9484 <p>Vi har slitt mye, kranglet og sloss. Ikke med tekniske problemer,
9485 men med omgivelsene rundt som vil oss til livs. Men det har vært verdt
9486 hver dråpe med svette, og timer med irritasjon. Men vi har begynt å få
9487 rutine her nå. </p>
9488
9489 <ul>
9490
9491 <li>Vi har fremdeles et system som vi styrer helt selv. </li>
9492 <li>Vi har vist at argumentet med at vår IKT-ansvarlig kan finne seg annen jobb ikke holder mål. Vi har kjøpt driftskonto hos et firma i tilfelle krise, og vi har kjørt opplæring på flere av de yngre lærerne. </li>
9493 <li>Vi har til enhver tid en lærling IKT driftsfag, og velger selvsagt ut dem som satser på Linux. Vi har nå begynt å få tilbake av våre tidligere elever som vil til oss nettopp fordi vi har Linux.</li>
9494 <li>Vi har vist at vi greier å opprettholde en dobbelt så stor datapark som naboskolen, og det til en billigere penge. </li>
9495 <li>Vi har datastøtte og support på huset, ALLTID tilgjengelig. De andre skolene må vente flere dager hvis det ikke er noe kritisk. </li>
9496 <li>Vår IKT-ansvarlig har 50% stilling som lærer og 50% som IKT-ansvarlig. </li>
9497 <li>Vi har en lærer på hvert trinn som har 3 timer i uka til å drive support/støtte til de andre lærerne. </li>
9498 <li>Vi opplever at de yngste lærerne ved den andre ungdomsskolen ønsker seg over til oss. </li>
9499
9500 </ul>
9501
9502 <p>Vi skal i løpet av året starte prosess med å planlegge ny skole, og vi har fått gjennomslag for at jeg (inspektør) og IKT-ansvarlig skal ha det fulle og hele ansvar for IKT/Infrastruktur. Begrunnelsen vår som ble avgjørende her, var at IT-avd i kommunen ikke kan noe om data i skolen. </p>
9503
9504 <p>Beklager hvis dette ble litt usammenhengende, men det ble tastet i
9505 fei, og jeg har ikke lest gjennom</p>
9506 </blockquote>
9507
9508 <p>Det kom raskt et lite svar:</p>
9509
9510 <blockquote>
9511 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9512 <br>av captain_obvious</p>
9513
9514 <p>Inspirerende å lese. Har dere gjort noe for å fortelle denne
9515 historien videre?</p>
9516
9517 <p>Hadde vært svært interessant om dere tok kontakt med dokument 2 eller
9518 lignende for å fortelle hvordan det egentlig står til med
9519 IT-satsningen i kommune-Norge. Om ikke annet kan du begynner med å
9520 raffinere innlegget ditt og få en gjesteartikkel på digi.no</p>
9521 </blockquote>
9522
9523 <p>Og deretter en lengre oppfølging.</p>
9524
9525 <blockquote>
9526 <p><strong>SV: Lignende situasjon i annen kommune, se bare her:</strong>
9527 <br>av Inspektør Siri (gjest)
9528
9529 <p>Joda, vi har lekt med tanken, og vi har t.o.m skrevet flere lengre
9530 leserinnlegg myntet på aviser. Disse er ikke sendt til aviser, men
9531 brukt internt i forbindelse med møter med kommune. Vår IKT-ansvarlig
9532 har også truet med å si opp jobben sin hvis det ikke ble tatt hensyn i
9533 større grad enn hva som har vært tilfelle. VI kan også dokumentere
9534 flere brudd på anbudsregler, og vi kjenner til at relativt store
9535 IT-leverandører som ikke har fått tatt del i disse anbudene, rett og
9536 slett ikke tør melde fra av redsel for å få et dårlig rykte. </p>
9537
9538 <p>Alt ser ut til å roe seg ned, og vi har fått opp øynene på
9539 politikerne. I sum gjør dette at vi ikke ønsker for mye publisitet nå,
9540 det vil bare rote til igjen. </p>
9541
9542 <p>Jeg glemte å nevne at vi nå nesten ikke bruker tid på å drifte
9543 systemet vårt, noe som gjør at det aller meste av tid blir brukt til å
9544 støtte lærerne og elevene. F.eks så bruker vår IKT-ansvarlig den
9545 første timen på jobb, 0730-0830 kun til å gå ute på arbeidsplassene
9546 til læreren. Dette for å kunne svare på små og store problem, gi tips
9547 og råd, eller bare for å plukke opp hva som er behovet ute i
9548 undervisningsarealene. Det er dessverre ikke slik at alle lærerne har
9549 nok digital kompetanse til å kunne formulere alle spørsmålene de har,
9550 men ved å kunne få vise eller lufte tanker med IKT-ansvarlig så er det
9551 utrolig hva som kommer fram. </p>
9552
9553 <ul>
9554
9555 <li>Jeg ser at mange bruker økonomi som argument i forhold til å bruke
9556 SkoleLinux, og jeg skal ikke legge skjul på at det var dette som i
9557 utgangspunktet var årsaken til vårt valg. Men diskusjonene og kampen
9558 med kommunens IT-avdeling har gjort at vi har fått et noe annet
9559 fokus. Fordelene med drift og stabilitet, gjør at vi ville ha valgt
9560 samme løsning selv om den var dyrere. At vi slipper langt billigere
9561 unna, som følge av 0,- lisenskostnader og lave maskinvarekostnader, er
9562 bare en bonus. </li>
9563
9564 <li>Etter å ha kranglet oss til å få skikkelig oversikt over hva de
9565 andre skolene i kommunen bruker på IT, så har vi fått gehør for å få
9566 samme midler til innkjøp. Dette har gjort at vi nå kan kjøpe inn
9567 utstyr som de andre skolene bare kan se langt etter. Vi har nettopp
9568 kjøpt inn 3 videokamera i semiproff-klassen for å kunne lage film,
9569 samt sende live fra skoleteater/konserter. Vi har kjøpt inn digitale
9570 kompaktkamera til alle klassene. Vi har et team av lærere som skal i
9571 gang med å teste ut tablets på svake elever. Håpet et at teknologien
9572 kan være med på å gi noen av elevene litt mer motivasjon. Vi har kjøpt
9573 inn et halvt klassesett med pulsklokker, noe som har vist seg å være
9574 overraskende inspirerende for en del av elevene. Vi har også oss på
9575 fag på en høyskole litt lengre sør for oss, slik at 3 av oss nå skal
9576 ta faget "Linux tjenestedrift". Som inspektør og en del av skolens
9577 administrasjon er det veldig praktisk å kunne trå til hvis det
9578 kniper. Men IKT-ansvarlig har vært UTROLIG flink til å lage rene
9579 smørbrødlister for hvordan de mest vanlige driftsproblem løses, så det
9580 er lett for flere av oss å ta del i den daglige driften. Vi har svært
9581 stor nytte av lærling (som også hjelper to av naboskolene), men det er
9582 nesten blitt slik at det er om å gjøre å komme til først for å få løse
9583 problem. Det å få fingrene på problem og utfordringer er den aller
9584 beste læremester. </li>
9585
9586 </ul>
9587
9588 <p>Når vi nå tar til med planlegging av ny skole, så vil det være med
9589 tanke på at det skal være mulig med datautstyr på alle plasser. Vi
9590 kommer i all hovedsak til å legge kabel til alle tenkelige og
9591 utenkelige plasser. WiFi koster tilnærmet NULL å sette opp i
9592 ettertid.</p>
9593
9594 <p>Vi har ikke vært noe flink til å bidra til SkoleLinux-prosjektet,
9595 vi har rett og slett vært for opptatt med vår egen kamp. Vi har hentet
9596 mye inspirasjon fra diskusjoner som har gått i det miljøet, og vi
9597 håper at vi nå framover kan få tid til å bidra. Vi er i ferd med å
9598 bytte ut en av serverne våre, og da vil denne trolig bli satt opp som
9599 testserver for neste versjon av Skolelinux. På den måten vil vi i alle
9600 fall kunne gi tilbakemeldinger og rapportere feil. I tillegg så vil
9601 det kanskje gi oss noen nye utfordringer, for som lærlingen vår sier:
9602 "Skolelinux er noe herk, det skjer jo ikke noe galt og hvordan skal
9603 jeg da lære?"</p>
9604
9605 </blockquote>
9606
9607 <p>Det er veldig hyggelig å høre at
9608 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> fungerer så bra i
9609 skoleverdagen etter å ha jobbet med det i 10 år.</p>
9610
9611       </div>
9612       <div class="tags">
9613
9614
9615         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
9616
9617
9618       </div>
9619     </div>
9620     <div class="padding"></div>
9621
9622     <div class="entry">
9623       <div class="title">
9624         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_test_if_a_laptop_is_working_with_Linux.html">How to test if a laptop is working with Linux</a>
9625       </div>
9626       <div class="date">
9627         22nd December 2010
9628       </div>
9629       <div class="body">
9630         <p>The last few days I have spent at work here at the <a
9631 href="http://www.uio.no/">University of Oslo</a> testing if the new
9632 batch of computers will work with Linux.  Every year for the last few
9633 years the university have organised shared bid of a few thousand
9634 computers, and this year HP won the bid.  Two different desktops and
9635 five different laptops are on the list this year.  We in the UNIX
9636 group want to know which one of these computers work well with RHEL
9637 and Ubuntu, the two Linux distributions we currently handle at the
9638 university.</p>
9639
9640 <p>My test method is simple, and I share it here to get feedback and
9641 perhaps inspire others to test hardware as well.  To test, I PXE
9642 install the OS version of choice, and log in as my normal user and run
9643 a few applications and plug in selected pieces of hardware.  When
9644 something fail, I make a note about this in the test matrix and move
9645 on.  If I have some spare time I try to report the bug to the OS
9646 vendor, but as I only have the machines for a short time, I rarely
9647 have the time to do this for all the problems I find.</p>
9648
9649 <p>Anyway, to get to the point of this post.  Here is the simple tests
9650 I perform on a new model.</p>
9651
9652 <ul>
9653
9654 <li>Is PXE installation working?  I'm testing with RHEL6, Ubuntu Lucid
9655 and Ubuntu Maverik at the moment.  If I feel like it, I also test with
9656 RHEL5 and Debian Edu/Squeeze.</li>
9657
9658 <li>Is X.org working?  If the graphical login screen show up after
9659 installation, X.org is working.</li>
9660
9661 <li>Is hardware accelerated OpenGL working?  Running glxgears (in
9662 package mesa-utils on Ubuntu) and writing down the frames per second
9663 reported by the program.</li>
9664
9665 <li>Is sound working?  With Gnome and KDE, a sound is played when
9666 logging in, and if I can hear this the test is successful.  If there
9667 are several audio exits on the machine, I try them all and check if
9668 the Gnome/KDE audio mixer can control where to send the sound.  I
9669 normally test this by playing
9670 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20101012-chef/ ">a HTML5
9671 video</a> in Firefox/Iceweasel.</li>
9672
9673 <li>Is the USB subsystem working?  I test this by plugging in a USB
9674 memory stick and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
9675
9676 <li>Is the CD/DVD player working?  I test this by inserting any CD/DVD
9677 I have lying around, and see if Gnome/KDE notices this.</li>
9678
9679 <li>Is any built in camera working?  Test using cheese, and see if a
9680 picture from the v4l device show up.</li>
9681
9682 <li>Is bluetooth working?  Use the Gnome/KDE browsing tool to see if
9683 any bluetooth devices are discovered.  In my office, I normally see a
9684 few.</li>
9685
9686 <li>For laptops, is the SD or Compaq Flash reader working.  I have
9687 memory modules lying around, and stick them in and see if Gnome/KDE
9688 notice this.</li>
9689
9690 <li>For laptops, is suspend/hibernate working?  I'm testing if the
9691 special button work, and if the laptop continue to work after
9692 resume.</li>
9693
9694 <li>For laptops, is the extra buttons working, like audio level,
9695 adjusting background light, switching on/off external video output,
9696 switching on/off wifi, bluetooth, etc?  The set of buttons differ from
9697 laptop to laptop, so I just write down which are working and which are
9698 not.</li>
9699
9700 <li>Some laptops have smart card readers, finger print readers,
9701 acceleration sensors etc.  I rarely test these, as I do not know how
9702 to quickly test if they are working or not, so I only document their
9703 existence.</li>
9704
9705 </ul>
9706
9707 <p>By now I suspect you are really curious what the test results are
9708 for the HP machines I am testing.  I'm not done yet, so I will report
9709 the test results later.  For now I can report that HP 8100 Elite work
9710 fine, and hibernation fail with HP EliteBook 8440p on Ubuntu Lucid,
9711 and audio fail on RHEL6.  Ubuntu Maverik worked with 8440p.  As you
9712 can see, I have most machines left to test.  One interesting
9713 observation is that Ubuntu Lucid has almost twice the frame rate than
9714 RHEL6 with glxgears.  No idea why.</p>
9715
9716       </div>
9717       <div class="tags">
9718
9719
9720         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
9721
9722
9723       </div>
9724     </div>
9725     <div class="padding"></div>
9726
9727     <div class="entry">
9728       <div class="title">
9729         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_development_gathering_and_General_Assembly_for_FRiSK.html">Debian Edu development gathering and General Assembly for FRiSK</a>
9730       </div>
9731       <div class="date">
9732         29th November 2010
9733       </div>
9734       <div class="body">
9735         <p>On friday, the first Debian Edu / Skolelinux
9736 <a href="http://www.friprogramvareiskolen.no/Gathering/2010-12-03-05-Oslo">development
9737 gathering</a> in a long time take place here in Oslo, Norway.  I
9738 really look forward to seeing all the good people working on the
9739 Squeeze release.  The gathering is open for everyone interested in
9740 learning more about Debian Edu / Skolelinux.</p>
9741
9742 <p>On Saturday, the Norwegian member organization taking care of
9743 organizing these development gatherings, Fri Programvare i Skolen,
9744 will hold its
9745 <a href="http://friprogramvareiskolen.no/Genfors/2010">General Assembly
9746 for 2010</a>.  Membership is open for all, and currently there are 388
9747 people registered as members.  Last year 32 members cast their vote in
9748 the memberdb based election system.  I hope more people find time to
9749 vote this year.</p>
9750
9751       </div>
9752       <div class="tags">
9753
9754
9755         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
9756
9757
9758       </div>
9759     </div>
9760     <div class="padding"></div>
9761
9762     <div class="entry">
9763       <div class="title">
9764         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_isn_t_Debian_Edu_using_VLC_.html">Why isn't Debian Edu using VLC?</a>
9765       </div>
9766       <div class="date">
9767         27th November 2010
9768       </div>
9769       <div class="body">
9770         <p>In the latest issue of Linux Journal, the readers choices were
9771 presented, and the winner among the multimedia player were VLC.
9772 Personally, I like VLC, and it is my player of choice when I first try
9773 to play a video file or stream.  Only if VLC fail will I drag out
9774 gmplayer to see if it can do better.  The reason is mostly the failure
9775 model and trust.  When VLC fail, it normally pop up a error message
9776 reporting the problem.  When mplayer fail, it normally segfault or
9777 just hangs.  The latter failure mode drain my trust in the program.<p>
9778
9779 <p>But even if VLC is my player of choice, we have choosen to use
9780 mplayer in <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
9781 Edu/Skolelinux</a>.  The reason is simple.  We need a good browser
9782 plugin to play web videos seamlessly, and the VLC browser plugin is
9783 not very good.  For example, it lack in-line control buttons, so there
9784 is no way for the user to pause the video.  Also, when I
9785 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">last
9786 tested the browser plugins</a> available in Debian, the VLC plugin
9787 failed on several video pages where mplayer based plugins worked.  If
9788 the browser plugin for VLC was as good as the gecko-mediaplayer
9789 package (which uses mplayer), we would switch.</P>
9790
9791 <p>While VLC is a good player, its user interface is slightly
9792 annoying.  The most annoying feature is its inconsistent use of
9793 keyboard shortcuts.  When the player is in full screen mode, its
9794 shortcuts are different from when it is playing the video in a window.
9795 For example, space only work as pause when in full screen mode.  I
9796 wish it had consisten shortcuts and that space also would work when in
9797 window mode.  Another nice shortcut in gmplayer is [enter] to restart
9798 the current video.  It is very nice when playing short videos from the
9799 web and want to restart it when new people arrive to have a look at
9800 what is going on.</p>
9801
9802       </div>
9803       <div class="tags">
9804
9805
9806         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
9807
9808
9809       </div>
9810     </div>
9811     <div class="padding"></div>
9812
9813     <div class="entry">
9814       <div class="title">
9815         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades_of_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop__now_with_apt_get_autoremove.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades of the Gnome and KDE desktop, now with apt-get autoremove</a>
9816       </div>
9817       <div class="date">
9818         22nd November 2010
9819       </div>
9820       <div class="body">
9821         <p>Michael Biebl suggested to me on IRC, that I changed my automated
9822 upgrade testing of the
9823 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
9824 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a> to do <tt>apt-get autoremove</tt> when using apt-get.
9825 This seem like a very good idea, so I adjusted by test scripts and
9826 can now present the updated result from today:</p>
9827
9828 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
9829
9830 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
9831
9832 <blockquote><p>
9833   apache2.2-bin
9834   aptdaemon
9835   baobab
9836   binfmt-support
9837   browser-plugin-gnash
9838   cheese-common
9839   cli-common
9840   cups-pk-helper
9841   dmz-cursor-theme
9842   empathy
9843   empathy-common
9844   freedesktop-sound-theme
9845   freeglut3
9846   gconf-defaults-service
9847   gdm-themes
9848   gedit-plugins
9849   geoclue
9850   geoclue-hostip
9851   geoclue-localnet
9852   geoclue-manual
9853   geoclue-yahoo
9854   gnash
9855   gnash-common
9856   gnome
9857   gnome-backgrounds
9858   gnome-cards-data
9859   gnome-codec-install
9860   gnome-core
9861   gnome-desktop-environment
9862   gnome-disk-utility
9863   gnome-screenshot
9864   gnome-search-tool
9865   gnome-session-canberra
9866   gnome-system-log
9867   gnome-themes-extras
9868   gnome-themes-more
9869   gnome-user-share
9870   gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
9871   gstreamer0.10-tools
9872   gtk2-engines
9873   gtk2-engines-pixbuf
9874   gtk2-engines-smooth
9875   hamster-applet
9876   libapache2-mod-dnssd
9877   libapr1
9878   libaprutil1
9879   libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3
9880   libaprutil1-ldap
9881   libart2.0-cil
9882   libboost-date-time1.42.0
9883   libboost-python1.42.0
9884   libboost-thread1.42.0
9885   libchamplain-0.4-0
9886   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0
9887   libcheese-gtk18
9888   libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
9889   libcryptui0
9890   libdiscid0
9891   libelf1
9892   libepc-1.0-2
9893   libepc-common
9894   libepc-ui-1.0-2
9895   libfreerdp-plugins-standard
9896   libfreerdp0
9897   libgconf2.0-cil
9898   libgdata-common
9899   libgdata7
9900   libgdu-gtk0
9901   libgee2
9902   libgeoclue0
9903   libgexiv2-0
9904   libgif4
9905   libglade2.0-cil
9906   libglib2.0-cil
9907   libgmime2.4-cil
9908   libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
9909   libgnome2.24-cil
9910   libgnomepanel2.24-cil
9911   libgpod-common
9912   libgpod4
9913   libgtk2.0-cil
9914   libgtkglext1
9915   libgtksourceview2.0-common
9916   libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
9917   libmono-addins0.2-cil
9918   libmono-cairo2.0-cil
9919   libmono-corlib2.0-cil
9920   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil
9921   libmono-posix2.0-cil
9922   libmono-security2.0-cil
9923   libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
9924   libmono-system2.0-cil
9925   libmtp8
9926   libmusicbrainz3-6
9927   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil
9928   libndesk-dbus1.0-cil
9929   libopal3.6.8
9930   libpolkit-gtk-1-0
9931   libpt2.6.7
9932   libpython2.6
9933   librpm1
9934   librpmio1
9935   libsdl1.2debian
9936   libsrtp0
9937   libssh-4
9938   libtelepathy-farsight0
9939   libtelepathy-glib0
9940   libtidy-0.99-0
9941   media-player-info
9942   mesa-utils
9943   mono-2.0-gac
9944   mono-gac
9945   mono-runtime
9946   nautilus-sendto
9947   nautilus-sendto-empathy
9948   p7zip-full
9949   pkg-config
9950   python-aptdaemon
9951   python-aptdaemon-gtk
9952   python-axiom
9953   python-beautifulsoup
9954   python-bugbuddy
9955   python-clientform
9956   python-coherence
9957   python-configobj
9958   python-crypto
9959   python-cupshelpers
9960   python-elementtree
9961   python-epsilon
9962   python-evolution
9963   python-feedparser
9964   python-gdata
9965   python-gdbm
9966   python-gst0.10
9967   python-gtkglext1
9968   python-gtksourceview2
9969   python-httplib2
9970   python-louie
9971   python-mako
9972   python-markupsafe
9973   python-mechanize
9974   python-nevow
9975   python-notify
9976   python-opengl
9977   python-openssl
9978   python-pam
9979   python-pkg-resources
9980   python-pyasn1
9981   python-pysqlite2
9982   python-rdflib
9983   python-serial
9984   python-tagpy
9985   python-twisted-bin
9986   python-twisted-conch
9987   python-twisted-core
9988   python-twisted-web
9989   python-utidylib
9990   python-webkit
9991   python-xdg
9992   python-zope.interface
9993   remmina
9994   remmina-plugin-data
9995   remmina-plugin-rdp
9996   remmina-plugin-vnc
9997   rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
9998   rhythmbox-plugins
9999   rpm-common
10000   rpm2cpio
10001   seahorse-plugins
10002   shotwell
10003   software-center
10004   system-config-printer-udev
10005   telepathy-gabble
10006   telepathy-mission-control-5
10007   telepathy-salut
10008   tomboy
10009   totem
10010   totem-coherence
10011   totem-mozilla
10012   totem-plugins
10013   transmission-common
10014   xdg-user-dirs
10015   xdg-user-dirs-gtk
10016   xserver-xephyr
10017 </p></blockquote>
10018
10019 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10020
10021 <blockquote><p>
10022   cheese
10023   ekiga
10024   eog
10025   epiphany-extensions
10026   evolution-exchange
10027   fast-user-switch-applet
10028   file-roller
10029   gcalctool
10030   gconf-editor
10031   gdm
10032   gedit
10033   gedit-common
10034   gnome-games
10035   gnome-games-data
10036   gnome-nettool
10037   gnome-system-tools
10038   gnome-themes
10039   gnuchess
10040   gucharmap
10041   guile-1.8-libs
10042   libavahi-ui0
10043   libdmx1
10044   libgalago3
10045   libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10046   libgtksourceview2.0-0
10047   liblircclient0
10048   libsdl1.2debian-alsa
10049   libspeexdsp1
10050   libsvga1
10051   rhythmbox
10052   seahorse
10053   sound-juicer
10054   system-config-printer
10055   totem-common
10056   transmission-gtk
10057   vinagre
10058   vino
10059 </p></blockquote>
10060
10061 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10062
10063 <blockquote><p>
10064   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10065 </p></blockquote>
10066
10067 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10068
10069 <blockquote><p>
10070 [nothing]
10071 </p></blockquote>
10072
10073 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10074
10075 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10076
10077 <blockquote><p>
10078   ksmserver
10079 </p></blockquote>
10080
10081 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10082
10083 <blockquote><p>
10084   kwin
10085   network-manager-kde
10086 </p></blockquote>
10087
10088 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10089
10090 <blockquote><p>
10091   arts
10092   dolphin
10093   freespacenotifier
10094   google-gadgets-gst
10095   google-gadgets-xul
10096   kappfinder
10097   kcalc
10098   kcharselect
10099   kde-core
10100   kde-plasma-desktop
10101   kde-standard
10102   kde-window-manager
10103   kdeartwork
10104   kdeartwork-emoticons
10105   kdeartwork-style
10106   kdeartwork-theme-icon
10107   kdebase
10108   kdebase-apps
10109   kdebase-workspace
10110   kdebase-workspace-bin
10111   kdebase-workspace-data
10112   kdeeject
10113   kdelibs
10114   kdeplasma-addons
10115   kdeutils
10116   kdewallpapers
10117   kdf
10118   kfloppy
10119   kgpg
10120   khelpcenter4
10121   kinfocenter
10122   konq-plugins-l10n
10123   konqueror-nsplugins
10124   kscreensaver
10125   kscreensaver-xsavers
10126   ktimer
10127   kwrite
10128   libgle3
10129   libkde4-ruby1.8
10130   libkonq5
10131   libkonq5-templates
10132   libnetpbm10
10133   libplasma-ruby
10134   libplasma-ruby1.8
10135   libqt4-ruby1.8
10136   marble-data
10137   marble-plugins
10138   netpbm
10139   nuvola-icon-theme
10140   plasma-dataengines-workspace
10141   plasma-desktop
10142   plasma-desktopthemes-artwork
10143   plasma-runners-addons
10144   plasma-scriptengine-googlegadgets
10145   plasma-scriptengine-python
10146   plasma-scriptengine-qedje
10147   plasma-scriptengine-ruby
10148   plasma-scriptengine-webkit
10149   plasma-scriptengines
10150   plasma-wallpapers-addons
10151   plasma-widget-folderview
10152   plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10153   ruby
10154   sweeper
10155   update-notifier-kde
10156   xscreensaver-data-extra
10157   xscreensaver-gl
10158   xscreensaver-gl-extra
10159   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10160 </p></blockquote>
10161
10162 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10163
10164 <blockquote><p>
10165   ark
10166   google-gadgets-common
10167   google-gadgets-qt
10168   htdig
10169   kate
10170   kdebase-bin
10171   kdebase-data
10172   kdepasswd
10173   kfind
10174   klipper
10175   konq-plugins
10176   konqueror
10177   ksysguard
10178   ksysguardd
10179   libarchive1
10180   libcln6
10181   libeet1
10182   libeina-svn-06
10183   libggadget-1.0-0b
10184   libggadget-qt-1.0-0b
10185   libgps19
10186   libkdecorations4
10187   libkephal4
10188   libkonq4
10189   libkonqsidebarplugin4a
10190   libkscreensaver5
10191   libksgrd4
10192   libksignalplotter4
10193   libkunitconversion4
10194   libkwineffects1a
10195   libmarblewidget4
10196   libntrack-qt4-1
10197   libntrack0
10198   libplasma-geolocation-interface4
10199   libplasmaclock4a
10200   libplasmagenericshell4
10201   libprocesscore4a
10202   libprocessui4a
10203   libqalculate5
10204   libqedje0a
10205   libqtruby4shared2
10206   libqzion0a
10207   libruby1.8
10208   libscim8c2a
10209   libsmokekdecore4-3
10210   libsmokekdeui4-3
10211   libsmokekfile3
10212   libsmokekhtml3
10213   libsmokekio3
10214   libsmokeknewstuff2-3
10215   libsmokeknewstuff3-3
10216   libsmokekparts3
10217   libsmokektexteditor3
10218   libsmokekutils3
10219   libsmokenepomuk3
10220   libsmokephonon3
10221   libsmokeplasma3
10222   libsmokeqtcore4-3
10223   libsmokeqtdbus4-3
10224   libsmokeqtgui4-3
10225   libsmokeqtnetwork4-3
10226   libsmokeqtopengl4-3
10227   libsmokeqtscript4-3
10228   libsmokeqtsql4-3
10229   libsmokeqtsvg4-3
10230   libsmokeqttest4-3
10231   libsmokeqtuitools4-3
10232   libsmokeqtwebkit4-3
10233   libsmokeqtxml4-3
10234   libsmokesolid3
10235   libsmokesoprano3
10236   libtaskmanager4a
10237   libtidy-0.99-0
10238   libweather-ion4a
10239   libxklavier16
10240   libxxf86misc1
10241   okteta
10242   oxygencursors
10243   plasma-dataengines-addons
10244   plasma-scriptengine-superkaramba
10245   plasma-widget-lancelot
10246   plasma-widgets-addons
10247   plasma-widgets-workspace
10248   polkit-kde-1
10249   ruby1.8
10250   systemsettings
10251   update-notifier-common
10252 </p></blockquote>
10253
10254 <p>Running apt-get autoremove made the results using apt-get and
10255 aptitude a bit more similar, but there are still quite a lott of
10256 differences.  I have no idea what packages should be installed after
10257 the upgrade, but hope those that do can have a look.</p>
10258
10259       </div>
10260       <div class="tags">
10261
10262
10263         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10264
10265
10266       </div>
10267     </div>
10268     <div class="padding"></div>
10269
10270     <div class="entry">
10271       <div class="title">
10272         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Migrating_Xen_virtual_machines_using_LVM_to_KVM_using_disk_images.html">Migrating Xen virtual machines using LVM to KVM using disk images</a>
10273       </div>
10274       <div class="date">
10275         22nd November 2010
10276       </div>
10277       <div class="body">
10278         <p>Most of the computers in use by the
10279 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux project</a>
10280 are virtual machines.  And they have been Xen machines running on a
10281 fairly old IBM eserver xseries 345 machine, and we wanted to migrate
10282 them to KVM on a newer Dell PowerEdge 2950 host machine.  This was a
10283 bit harder that it could have been, because we set up the Xen virtual
10284 machines to get the virtual partitions from LVM, which as far as I
10285 know is not supported by KVM.  So to migrate, we had to convert
10286 several LVM logical volumes to partitions on a virtual disk file.</p>
10287
10288 <p>I found
10289 <a href="http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM">a
10290 nice recipe</a> to do this, and wrote the following script to do the
10291 migration.  It uses qemu-img from the qemu package to make the disk
10292 image, parted to partition it, losetup and kpartx to present the disk
10293 image partions as devices, and dd to copy the data.  I NFS mounted the
10294 new servers storage area on the old server to do the migration.</p>
10295
10296 <pre>
10297 #!/bin/sh
10298
10299 # Based on
10300 # http://searchnetworking.techtarget.com.au/articles/35011-Six-steps-for-migrating-Xen-virtual-machines-to-KVM
10301
10302 set -e
10303 set -x
10304
10305 if [ -z "$1" ] ; then
10306     echo "Usage: $0 &lt;hostname&gt;"
10307     exit 1
10308 else
10309     host="$1"
10310 fi
10311
10312 if [ ! -e /dev/vg_data/$host-disk ] ; then
10313     echo "error: unable to find LVM volume for $host"
10314     exit 1
10315 fi
10316
10317 # Partitions need to be a bit bigger than the LVM LVs.  not sure why.
10318 disksize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-disk | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10319 swapsize=$( lvs --units m | grep $host-swap | awk '{sum = sum + $4} END { print int(sum * 1.05) }')
10320 totalsize=$(( ( $disksize + $swapsize ) ))
10321
10322 img=$host.img
10323 #dd if=/dev/zero of=$img bs=1M count=$(( $disksize + $swapsize ))
10324 qemu-img create $img ${totalsize}MMaking room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD
10325
10326 parted $img mklabel msdos
10327 parted $img mkpart primary linux-swap 0 $disksize
10328 parted $img mkpart primary ext2 $disksize $totalsize
10329 parted $img set 1 boot on
10330
10331 modprobe dm-mod
10332 losetup /dev/loop0 $img
10333 kpartx -a /dev/loop0
10334
10335 dd if=/dev/vg_data/$host-disk of=/dev/mapper/loop0p1 bs=1M
10336 fsck.ext3 -f /dev/mapper/loop0p1 || true
10337 mkswap /dev/mapper/loop0p2
10338
10339 kpartx -d /dev/loop0
10340 losetup -d /dev/loop0
10341 </pre>
10342
10343 <p>The script is perhaps so simple that it is not copyrightable, but
10344 if it is, it is licenced using GPL v2 or later at your discretion.</p>
10345
10346 <p>After doing this, I booted a Debian CD in rescue mode in KVM with
10347 the new disk image attached, installed grub-pc and linux-image-686 and
10348 set up grub to boot from the disk image.  After this, the KVM machines
10349 seem to work just fine.</p>
10350
10351       </div>
10352       <div class="tags">
10353
10354
10355         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10356
10357
10358       </div>
10359     </div>
10360     <div class="padding"></div>
10361
10362     <div class="entry">
10363       <div class="title">
10364         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_and_KDE_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome and KDE desktop</a>
10365       </div>
10366       <div class="date">
10367         20th November 2010
10368       </div>
10369       <div class="body">
10370         <p>I'm still running upgrade testing of the
10371 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">Lenny
10372 Gnome and KDE Desktop</a>, but have not had time to spend on reporting the
10373 status.  Here is a short update based on a test I ran 20101118.</p>
10374
10375 <p>I still do not know what a correct migration should look like, so I
10376 report any differences between apt and aptitude and hope someone else
10377 can see if anything should be changed.</p>
10378
10379 <p>This is for Gnome:</p>
10380
10381 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10382
10383 <blockquote><p>
10384   apache2.2-bin aptdaemon at-spi baobab binfmt-support
10385   browser-plugin-gnash cheese-common cli-common cpp-4.3 cups-pk-helper
10386   dmz-cursor-theme empathy empathy-common finger
10387   freedesktop-sound-theme freeglut3 gconf-defaults-service gdm-themes
10388   gedit-plugins geoclue geoclue-hostip geoclue-localnet geoclue-manual
10389   geoclue-yahoo gnash gnash-common gnome gnome-backgrounds
10390   gnome-cards-data gnome-codec-install gnome-core
10391   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-disk-utility gnome-screenshot
10392   gnome-search-tool gnome-session-canberra gnome-spell
10393   gnome-system-log gnome-themes-extras gnome-themes-more
10394   gnome-user-share gs-common gstreamer0.10-fluendo-mp3
10395   gstreamer0.10-tools gtk2-engines gtk2-engines-pixbuf
10396   gtk2-engines-smooth hal-info hamster-applet libapache2-mod-dnssd
10397   libapr1 libaprutil1 libaprutil1-dbd-sqlite3 libaprutil1-ldap
10398   libart2.0-cil libatspi1.0-0 libboost-date-time1.42.0
10399   libboost-python1.42.0 libboost-thread1.42.0 libchamplain-0.4-0
10400   libchamplain-gtk-0.4-0 libcheese-gtk18 libclutter-gtk-0.10-0
10401   libcryptui0 libcupsys2 libdiscid0 libeel2-data libelf1 libepc-1.0-2
10402   libepc-common libepc-ui-1.0-2 libfreerdp-plugins-standard
10403   libfreerdp0 libgail-common libgconf2.0-cil libgdata-common libgdata7
10404   libgdl-1-common libgdu-gtk0 libgee2 libgeoclue0 libgexiv2-0 libgif4
10405   libglade2.0-cil libglib2.0-cil libgmime2.4-cil libgnome-vfs2.0-cil
10406   libgnome2.24-cil libgnomepanel2.24-cil libgnomeprint2.2-data
10407   libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod-common libgpod4
10408   libgtk2.0-cil libgtkglext1 libgtksourceview-common
10409   libgtksourceview2.0-common libmono-addins-gui0.2-cil
10410   libmono-addins0.2-cil libmono-cairo2.0-cil libmono-corlib2.0-cil
10411   libmono-i18n-west2.0-cil libmono-posix2.0-cil
10412   libmono-security2.0-cil libmono-sharpzip2.84-cil
10413   libmono-system2.0-cil libmtp8 libmusicbrainz3-6
10414   libndesk-dbus-glib1.0-cil libndesk-dbus1.0-cil libopal3.6.8
10415   libpolkit-gtk-1-0 libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
10416   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libpt2.6.7 libpython2.6 librpm1 librpmio1
10417   libsdl1.2debian libservlet2.4-java libsrtp0 libssh-4
10418   libtelepathy-farsight0 libtelepathy-glib0 libtidy-0.99-0
10419   libxalan2-java libxerces2-java media-player-info mesa-utils
10420   mono-2.0-gac mono-gac mono-runtime nautilus-sendto
10421   nautilus-sendto-empathy openoffice.org-writer2latex
10422   openssl-blacklist p7zip p7zip-full pkg-config python-4suite-xml
10423   python-aptdaemon python-aptdaemon-gtk python-axiom
10424   python-beautifulsoup python-bugbuddy python-clientform
10425   python-coherence python-configobj python-crypto python-cupshelpers
10426   python-cupsutils python-eggtrayicon python-elementtree
10427   python-epsilon python-evolution python-feedparser python-gdata
10428   python-gdbm python-gst0.10 python-gtkglext1 python-gtkmozembed
10429   python-gtksourceview2 python-httplib2 python-louie python-mako
10430   python-markupsafe python-mechanize python-nevow python-notify
10431   python-opengl python-openssl python-pam python-pkg-resources
10432   python-pyasn1 python-pysqlite2 python-rdflib python-serial
10433   python-tagpy python-twisted-bin python-twisted-conch
10434   python-twisted-core python-twisted-web python-utidylib python-webkit
10435   python-xdg python-zope.interface remmina remmina-plugin-data
10436   remmina-plugin-rdp remmina-plugin-vnc rhythmbox-plugin-cdrecorder
10437   rhythmbox-plugins rpm-common rpm2cpio seahorse-plugins shotwell
10438   software-center svgalibg1 system-config-printer-udev
10439   telepathy-gabble telepathy-mission-control-5 telepathy-salut tomboy
10440   totem totem-coherence totem-mozilla totem-plugins
10441   transmission-common xdg-user-dirs xdg-user-dirs-gtk xserver-xephyr
10442   zip
10443 </p></blockquote>
10444
10445 Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude
10446
10447 <blockquote><p>
10448   arj bluez-utils cheese dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop ekiga eog
10449   epiphany-extensions epiphany-gecko evolution-exchange
10450   fast-user-switch-applet file-roller gcalctool gconf-editor gdm gedit
10451   gedit-common gnome-app-install gnome-games gnome-games-data
10452   gnome-nettool gnome-system-tools gnome-themes gnome-utils
10453   gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager gnuchess gucharmap
10454   guile-1.8-libs hal libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5
10455   libavahi-ui0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7
10456   libcucul0 libcurl3 libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdmx1 libdvdread3
10457   libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1
10458   libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3 libfaad0 libgadu3
10459   libgalago3 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
10460   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
10461   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
10462   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtk-vnc-1.0-0
10463   libgtkhtml2-0 libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgtksourceview2.0-0
10464   libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10465   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libkpathsea4 liblircclient0 libltdl3 liblwres50
10466   libmagick++10 libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmozjs1d libmpfr1ldbl libmtp7
10467   libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0
10468   libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpisock9
10469   libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8
10470   libsdl1.2debian-alsa libsensors3 libsexy2 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
10471   libspeexdsp1 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libsvga1
10472   libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0
10473   libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12
10474   libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common rhythmbox seahorse
10475   sound-juicer swfdec-gnome system-config-printer totem-common
10476   totem-gstreamer transmission-gtk vinagre vino w3c-dtd-xhtml wodim
10477 </p></blockquote>
10478
10479 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10480
10481 <blockquote><p>
10482   gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
10483 </p></blockquote>
10484
10485 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10486
10487 <blockquote><p>
10488 [nothing]
10489 </p></blockquote>
10490
10491 <p>This is for KDE:</p>
10492
10493 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
10494
10495 <blockquote><p>
10496   autopoint bomber bovo cantor cantor-backend-kalgebra cpp-4.3 dcoprss
10497   edict espeak espeak-data eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
10498   ghostscript-x git gnome-audio gnugo granatier gs-common
10499   gstreamer0.10-pulseaudio indi kaddressbook-plugins kalgebra
10500   kalzium-data kanjidic kapman kate-plugins kblocks kbreakout kbstate
10501   kde-icons-mono kdeaccessibility kdeaddons-kfile-plugins
10502   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
10503   kdeedu kdeedu-data kdeedu-kvtml-data kdegames kdegames-card-data
10504   kdegames-mahjongg-data kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc
10505   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
10506   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdessh kdetoys kdewebdev
10507   kdiamond kdnssd kfilereplace kfourinline kgeography-data kigo
10508   killbots kiriki klettres-data kmoon kmrml knewsticker-scripts
10509   kollision kpf krosspython ksirk ksmserver ksquares kstars-data
10510   ksudoku kubrick kweather libasound2-plugins libboost-python1.42.0
10511   libcfitsio3 libconvert-binhex-perl libcrypt-ssleay-perl libdb4.6++
10512   libdjvulibre-text libdotconf1.0 liberror-perl libespeak1
10513   libfinance-quote-perl libgail-common libgsl0ldbl libhtml-parser-perl
10514   libhtml-tableextract-perl libhtml-tagset-perl libhtml-tree-perl
10515   libio-stringy-perl libkdeedu4 libkdegames5 libkiten4 libkpathsea5
10516   libkrossui4 libmailtools-perl libmime-tools-perl
10517   libnews-nntpclient-perl libopenbabel3 libportaudio2 libpulse-browse0
10518   libservlet2.4-java libspeechd2 libtiff-tools libtimedate-perl
10519   libunistring0 liburi-perl libwww-perl libxalan2-java libxerces2-java
10520   lirc luatex marble networkstatus noatun-plugins
10521   openoffice.org-writer2latex palapeli palapeli-data parley
10522   parley-data poster psutils pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat
10523   pulseaudio-module-x11 pulseaudio-utils quanta-data rocs rsync
10524   speech-dispatcher step svgalibg1 texlive-binaries texlive-luatex
10525   ttf-sazanami-gothic
10526 </p></blockquote>
10527
10528 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
10529
10530 <blockquote><p>
10531   amor artsbuilder atlantik atlantikdesigner blinken bluez-utils cvs
10532   dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop imlib-base imlib11 kalzium kanagram kandy
10533   kasteroids katomic kbackgammon kbattleship kblackbox kbounce kbruch
10534   kcron kdat kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data kdeprint kdict kdvi kedit
10535   keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs kgeography kghostview
10536   kgoldrunner khangman khexedit kiconedit kig kimagemapeditor
10537   kitchensync kiten kjumpingcube klatin klettres klickety klines
10538   klinkstatus kmag kmahjongg kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmines
10539   kmousetool kmouth kmplot knetwalk kodo kolf kommander konquest kooka
10540   kpager kpat kpdf kpercentage kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler krec
10541   kregexpeditor kreversi ksame ksayit kshisen ksig ksim ksirc ksirtet
10542   ksmiletris ksnake ksokoban kspaceduel kstars ksvg ksysv kteatime
10543   ktip ktnef ktouch ktron kttsd ktuberling kturtle ktux kuickshow
10544   kverbos kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kwordquiz
10545   kworldclock kxsldbg libakode2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
10546   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
10547   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libbind9-50 libbluetooth2
10548   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0
10549   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
10550   libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0 libicu38
10551   libiec61883-0 libindex0 libisccc50 libisccfg50 libiw29
10552   libjaxp1.3-java-gcj libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1 libkdeedu3
10553   libkdegames1 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
10554   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
10555   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick10
10556   libmimelib1c2a libmodplug0c2 libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libmpfr1ldbl
10557   libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9 libpoppler-glib3
10558   libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 librss1 libsensors3
10559   libsmbios2 libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90
10560   libtalloc1 libxalan2-java-gcj libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 lskat
10561   mpeglib network-manager-kde noatun pmount tex-common texlive-base
10562   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended tidy
10563   ttf-dustin ttf-kochi-gothic ttf-sjfonts
10564 </p></blockquote>
10565
10566 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
10567
10568 <blockquote><p>
10569   dolphin kde-core kde-plasma-desktop kde-standard kde-window-manager
10570   kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-apps kdebase-workspace
10571   kdebase-workspace-bin kdebase-workspace-data kdeutils kscreensaver
10572   kscreensaver-xsavers libgle3 libkonq5 libkonq5-templates libnetpbm10
10573   netpbm plasma-widget-folderview plasma-widget-networkmanagement
10574   xscreensaver-data-extra xscreensaver-gl xscreensaver-gl-extra
10575   xscreensaver-screensaver-bsod
10576 </p></blockquote>
10577
10578 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
10579
10580 <blockquote><p>
10581   kdebase-bin konq-plugins konqueror
10582 </p></blockquote>
10583
10584       </div>
10585       <div class="tags">
10586
10587
10588         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
10589
10590
10591       </div>
10592     </div>
10593     <div class="padding"></div>
10594
10595     <div class="entry">
10596       <div class="title">
10597         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Gnash_buildbot_slave_and_Debian_kfreebsd.html">Gnash buildbot slave and Debian kfreebsd</a>
10598       </div>
10599       <div class="date">
10600         20th November 2010
10601       </div>
10602       <div class="body">
10603         <p>Answering
10604 <a href="http://www.listware.net/201011/gnash-dev/67431-gnash-dev-buildbot-looking-for-slaves.html">the
10605 call from the Gnash project</a> for
10606 <a href="http://www.gnashdev.org:8010">buildbot</a> slaves to test the
10607 current source, I have set up a virtual KVM machine on the Debian
10608 Edu/Skolelinux virtualization host to test the git source on
10609 Debian/Squeeze.  I hope this can help the developers in getting new
10610 releases out more often.</p>
10611
10612 <p>As the developers want less main-stream build platforms tested to,
10613 I have considered setting up a <a
10614 href="http://www.debian.org/ports/kfreebsd-gnu/">Debian/kfreebsd</a>
10615 machine as well.  I have also considered using the kfreebsd
10616 architecture in Debian as a file server in NUUG to get access to the 5
10617 TB zfs volume we currently use to store DV video.  Because of this, I
10618 finally got around to do a test installation of Debian/Squeeze with
10619 kfreebsd.  Installation went fairly smooth, thought I noticed some
10620 visual glitches in the cdebconf dialogs (black cursor left on the
10621 screen at random locations).  Have not gotten very far with the
10622 testing.  Noticed cfdisk did not work, but fdisk did so it was not a
10623 fatal problem.  Have to spend some more time on it to see if it is
10624 useful as a file server for NUUG.  Will try to find time to set up a
10625 gnash buildbot slave on the Debian Edu/Skolelinux this weekend.</p>
10626
10627       </div>
10628       <div class="tags">
10629
10630
10631         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10632
10633
10634       </div>
10635     </div>
10636     <div class="padding"></div>
10637
10638     <div class="entry">
10639       <div class="title">
10640         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Making_room_on_the_Debian_Edu_Sqeeze_DVD.html">Making room on the Debian Edu/Sqeeze DVD</a>
10641       </div>
10642       <div class="date">
10643          7th November 2010
10644       </div>
10645       <div class="body">
10646         <p>Prioritising packages for the Debian Edu /
10647 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> DVD, which is
10648 supposed provide a school with all the services and user applications
10649 needed on the pupils computer network has always been hard.  Even
10650 schools without Internet connections should be able to get Debian Edu
10651 working using this DVD.</p>
10652
10653 <p>The job became a lot harder when apt and aptitude started
10654 installing recommended packages by default.  We want the same set of
10655 packages to be installed when using the DVD and the netinst CD, and
10656 that means all recommended packages need to be on the DVD.  I created
10657 a patch for debian-cd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/601203">BTS
10658 report #601203</a> to do this, and since this change was applied to
10659 the Debian Edu DVD build, we have been seriously short on space.</p>
10660
10661 <p>A few days ago we decided to drop blender, wxmaxima and kicad from
10662 the default installation to save space on the DVD, believing that
10663 those needing these applications are few and can get them from the
10664 Debian archive.</p>
10665
10666 <p>Yesterday, I had a look what source packages to see which packages
10667 were using most space.  A few large packages are well know;
10668 openoffice.org, openclipart and fluid-soundfont.  But I also
10669 discovered that lilypond used 106 MiB and fglrx-driver used 53 MiB.
10670 The lilypond package is pulled in as a dependency for rosegarden, and
10671 when looking a bit closer I discovered that 99 MiB of the 106 MiB were
10672 the documentation package, which is recommended by the binary package.
10673 I decided to drop this documentation package from our DVD, as most of
10674 our users will use the GUI front-ends and do not need the lilypond
10675 documentation.  Similarly, I dropped the non-free fglrx-driver package
10676 which might be installed by d-i when its hardware is detected, as the
10677 free X driver should work.</p>
10678
10679 <p>With this change, we finally got space for the LXDE and Gnome
10680 desktop packages as well as the language specific packages making the
10681 DVD more useful again.</p>
10682
10683       </div>
10684       <div class="tags">
10685
10686
10687         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10688
10689
10690       </div>
10691     </div>
10692     <div class="padding"></div>
10693
10694     <div class="entry">
10695       <div class="title">
10696         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Software_updates_2010_10_24.html">Software updates 2010-10-24</a>
10697       </div>
10698       <div class="date">
10699         24th October 2010
10700       </div>
10701       <div class="body">
10702         <p>Some updates.</p>
10703
10704 <p>My <a href="http://pledgebank.com/gnash-avm2">gnash pledge</a> to
10705 raise money for the project is going well.  The lower limit of 10
10706 signers was reached in 24 hours, and so far 13 people have signed it.
10707 More signers and more funding is most welcome, and I am really curious
10708 how far we can get before the time limit of December 24 is reached.
10709 :)</p>
10710
10711 <p>On the #gnash IRC channel on irc.freenode.net, I was just tipped
10712 about what appear to be a great code coverage tool capable of
10713 generating code coverage stats without any changes to the source code.
10714 It is called
10715 <a href="http://simonkagstrom.github.com/kcov/index.html">kcov</a>,
10716 and can be used using <tt>kcov &lt;directory&gt; &lt;binary&gt;</tt>.
10717 It is missing in Debian, but the git source built just fine in Squeeze
10718 after I installed libelf-dev, libdwarf-dev, pkg-config and
10719 libglib2.0-dev.  Failed to build in Lenny, but suspect that is
10720 solvable.  I hope kcov make it into Debian soon.</p>
10721
10722 <p>Finally found time to wrap up the release notes for <a
10723 href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-edu-announce/2010/10/msg00002.html">a
10724 new alpha release of Debian Edu</a>, and just published the second
10725 alpha test release of the Squeeze based Debian Edu /
10726 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>
10727 release.  Give it a try if you need a complete linux solution for your
10728 school, including central infrastructure server, workstations, thin
10729 client servers and diskless workstations.  A nice touch added
10730 yesterday is RDP support on the thin client servers, for windows
10731 clients to get a Linux desktop on request.</p>
10732
10733       </div>
10734       <div class="tags">
10735
10736
10737         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>.
10738
10739
10740       </div>
10741     </div>
10742     <div class="padding"></div>
10743
10744     <div class="entry">
10745       <div class="title">
10746         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_Flash_in_Debian_and_Debian_Edu.html">Some notes on Flash in Debian and Debian Edu</a>
10747       </div>
10748       <div class="date">
10749          4th September 2010
10750       </div>
10751       <div class="body">
10752         <p>In the <a href="http://popcon.debian.org/unknown/by_vote">Debian
10753 popularity-contest numbers</a>, the adobe-flashplugin package the
10754 second most popular used package that is missing in Debian.  The sixth
10755 most popular is flashplayer-mozilla.  This is a clear indication that
10756 working flash is important for Debian users.  Around 10 percent of the
10757 users submitting data to popcon.debian.org have this package
10758 installed.</p>
10759
10760 <p>In the report written by Lars Risan in August 2008
10761 («<a href="http://wiki.skolelinux.no/Dokumentasjon/Rapporter?action=AttachFile&do=view&target=Skolelinux_i_bruk_rapport_1.0.pdf">Skolelinux
10762 i bruk – Rapport for Hurum kommune, Universitetet i Agder og
10763 stiftelsen SLX Debian Labs</a>»), one of the most important problems
10764 schools experienced with <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian
10765 Edu/Skolelinux</a> was the lack of working Flash.  A lot of educational
10766 web sites require Flash to work, and lacking working Flash support in
10767 the web browser and the problems with installing it was perceived as a
10768 good reason to stay with Windows.</p>
10769
10770 <p>I once saw a funny and sad comment in a web forum, where Linux was
10771 said to be the retarded cousin that did not really understand
10772 everything you told him but could work fairly well.  This was a
10773 comment regarding the problems Linux have with proprietary formats and
10774 non-standard web pages, and is sad because it exposes a fairly common
10775 understanding of whose fault it is if web pages that only work in for
10776 example Internet Explorer 6 fail to work on Firefox, and funny because
10777 it explain very well how annoying it is for users when Linux
10778 distributions do not work with the documents they receive or the web
10779 pages they want to visit.</p>
10780
10781 <p>This is part of the reason why I believe it is important for Debian
10782 and Debian Edu to have a well working Flash implementation in the
10783 distribution, to get at least popular sites as Youtube and Google
10784 Video to working out of the box.  For Squeeze, Debian have the chance
10785 to include the latest version of Gnash that will make this happen, as
10786 the new release 0.8.8 was published a few weeks ago and is resting in
10787 unstable.  The new version work with more sites that version 0.8.7.
10788 The Gnash maintainers have asked for a freeze exception, but the
10789 release team have not had time to reply to it yet.  I hope they agree
10790 with me that Flash is important for the Debian desktop users, and thus
10791 accept the new package into Squeeze.</p>
10792
10793       </div>
10794       <div class="tags">
10795
10796
10797         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
10798
10799
10800       </div>
10801     </div>
10802     <div class="padding"></div>
10803
10804     <div class="entry">
10805       <div class="title">
10806         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_hard_link_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken hard link handling with sshfs</a>
10807       </div>
10808       <div class="date">
10809         30th August 2010
10810       </div>
10811       <div class="body">
10812         <p>Just got an email from Tobias Gruetzmacher as a followup on my
10813 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">previous
10814 post about sshfs</a>.  He reported another problem with sshfs.  It
10815 fail to handle hard links properly.  A simple way to spot this is to
10816 look at the . and .. entries in the directory tree.  These should have
10817 a link count >1, but on sshfs the count is 1.  I just tested to see
10818 what happen when trying to hardlink, and this fail as well:</p>
10819
10820 <pre>
10821 % ln foo bar
10822 ln: creating hard link `bar' => `foo': Function not implemented
10823 %
10824 </pre>
10825
10826 <p>I have not yet found time to implement a test for this in my file
10827 system test code, but believe having working hard links is useful to
10828 avoid surprised unix programs.  Not as useful as working file locking
10829 and symlinks, which are required to get a working desktop, but useful
10830 nevertheless. :)</p>
10831
10832 <p>The latest version of the file system test code is available via
10833 git from
10834 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a></p>
10835
10836       </div>
10837       <div class="tags">
10838
10839
10840         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10841
10842
10843       </div>
10844     </div>
10845     <div class="padding"></div>
10846
10847     <div class="entry">
10848       <div class="title">
10849         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_i_Osloskolen.html">Skolelinux i Osloskolen</a>
10850       </div>
10851       <div class="date">
10852         26th August 2010
10853       </div>
10854       <div class="body">
10855         <p>Denne høsten skal endelig alle Osloskolene få mulighet til å bruke
10856 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a>.  Ny IT-løsning
10857 har vært rullet ut i noen måneder nå, og så vidt jeg fikk vite før
10858 sommeren skulle alle skoler ha nytt opplegg på plass før oppstart nå i
10859 høst.  På alle skolene skal en kunne velge ved installasjon om en skal
10860 ha Windows eller Skolelinux på maskinene, og en kan i tillegg
10861 PXE-boote maskinene over nett som tynne klienter eller diskløse
10862 arbeidsstasjoner. Jeg er spent på hvor mange skoler som velger å ta i
10863 bruk Skolelinux, og gleder meg til å se hvordan dette utvikler seg.
10864 Løsningen leveres av
10865 <a href="http://www.logica.no/">Logica</a> med
10866 <a href="http://www.slxdrift.no/">Skolelinux Drift AS</a> som
10867 underleverandør, og jeg har vært involvert i utviklingen av løsningen
10868 via Skolelinux Drift AS siden prosjektet starter.  Jeg synes det er
10869 fantastisk at Skolelinux er kommet så langt siden vi startet i 2001 at
10870 alle elevene i Osloskolene nå skal få mulighet til å bruke
10871 løsningen.  Jeg håper de vil sette pris på alle de
10872 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/linux-signpost/">fantastiske
10873 brukerprogrammene</a> som er tilgjengelig i Skolelinux.</p>
10874
10875       </div>
10876       <div class="tags">
10877
10878
10879         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
10880
10881
10882       </div>
10883     </div>
10884     <div class="padding"></div>
10885
10886     <div class="entry">
10887       <div class="title">
10888         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Broken_umask_handling_with_sshfs.html">Broken umask handling with sshfs</a>
10889       </div>
10890       <div class="date">
10891         26th August 2010
10892       </div>
10893       <div class="body">
10894         <p>My file system sematics program
10895 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">presented
10896 a few days ago</a> is very useful to verify that a file system can
10897 work as a unix home directory,and today I had to extend it a bit.  I'm
10898 looking into alternatives for home directory access here at the
10899 University of Oslo, and one of the options is sshfs.  My friend
10900 Finn-Arne mentioned a while back that they had used sshfs with Debian
10901 Edu, but stopped because of problems.  I asked today what the problems
10902 where, and he mentioned that sshfs failed to handle umask properly.
10903 Trying to detect the problem I wrote this addition to my fs testing
10904 script:</p>
10905
10906 <pre>
10907 mode_t touch_get_mode(const char *name, mode_t mode) {
10908   mode_t retval = 0;
10909   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, mode);
10910   if (-1 != fd) {
10911     unlink(name);
10912     struct stat statbuf;
10913     if (-1 != fstat(fd, &statbuf)) {
10914       retval = statbuf.st_mode & 0x1ff;
10915     }
10916     close(fd);
10917   }
10918   return retval;
10919 }
10920
10921 /* Try to detect problem discovered using sshfs */
10922 int test_umask(void) {
10923   printf("info: testing umask effect on file creation\n");
10924
10925   mode_t orig_umask = umask(000);
10926   mode_t newmode;
10927   if (0666 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
10928     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 000\n",
10929            newmode);
10930   }
10931   umask(007);
10932   if (0660 != (newmode = touch_get_mode("foobar", 0666))) {
10933     printf("  error: Wrong file mode %o when creating using mode 666 and umask 007\n",
10934            newmode);
10935   }
10936
10937   umask (orig_umask);
10938   return 0;
10939 }
10940
10941 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
10942   [...]
10943   test_umask();
10944   return 0;
10945 }
10946 </pre>
10947
10948 <p>Sure enough.  On NFS to a netapp, I get this result:</p>
10949
10950 <pre>
10951 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10952 info: testing symlink creation
10953 info: testing subdirectory creation
10954 info: testing fcntl locking
10955   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10956   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10957   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10958   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10959   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10960   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10961 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10962 </pre>
10963
10964 <p>When mounting the same directory using sshfs, I get this
10965 result:</p>
10966
10967 <pre>
10968 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
10969 info: testing symlink creation
10970 info: testing subdirectory creation
10971 info: testing fcntl locking
10972   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10973   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10974   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
10975   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
10976   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
10977   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
10978 info: testing umask effect on file creation
10979   error: Wrong file mode 644 when creating using mode 666 and umask 000
10980   error: Wrong file mode 640 when creating using mode 666 and umask 007
10981 </pre>
10982
10983 <p>So, I can conclude that sshfs is better than smb to a Netapp or a
10984 Windows server, but not good enough to be used as a home
10985 directory.</p>
10986
10987 <p>Update 2010-08-26: Reported the issue in
10988 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/594498">BTS report #594498</a></p>
10989
10990 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
10991 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
10992 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
10993
10994       </div>
10995       <div class="tags">
10996
10997
10998         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
10999
11000
11001       </div>
11002     </div>
11003     <div class="padding"></div>
11004
11005     <div class="entry">
11006       <div class="title">
11007         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/No_hardcoded_config_on_Debian_Edu_clients.html">No hardcoded config on Debian Edu clients</a>
11008       </div>
11009       <div class="date">
11010          9th August 2010
11011       </div>
11012       <div class="body">
11013         <p>As reported earlier, the last few days I have looked at how Debian
11014 Edu clients are configured, and tried to get rid of all hardcoded
11015 configuration settings on the clients.  I believe the work to be
11016 mostly done, and the clients seem to work just fine with dynamically
11017 generated configuration.</p>
11018
11019 <p>What is the point, you might ask?  The point is to allow a Debian
11020 Edu desktop to integrate into an existing network infrastructure
11021 without any manual configuration.</p>
11022
11023 <p>This is what happens when installing a Debian Edu client here at
11024 the University of Oslo using PXE.  With the PXE installation, I am
11025 asked for language (Norwegian Bokmål), locality (Norway) and keyboard
11026 layout (no-latin1), Debian Edu profile (Roaming Workstation), if I
11027 accept to reformat the hard drive (yes), if I want to submit info to
11028 popcon.debian.org (no) and root password (secret).  After answering
11029 these questions, the installer goes ahead and does its thing, and
11030 after around 50 minutes it is done.  I press enter to finish the
11031 installation, and the machine reboots into KDE.  When the machine is
11032 ready and kdm asks for login information, I enter my university
11033 username and password, am told by kdm that a local home directory has
11034 been created and that I must log in again, and finally log in with the
11035 same username and password to the KDE 4.4 desktop.  At no point during
11036 this process did it ask for university specific settings, and all the
11037 required configuration was dynamically detected using information
11038 fetched via DHCP and DNS.  The roaming workstation is now ready for
11039 use.</p>
11040
11041 <p>How was this done, you might wonder?  First of all, here is the
11042 list of things that need to be configured on the client to get it
11043 working properly out of the box:</p>
11044
11045 <ul>
11046 <li>IP address/netmask and DNS server.</li>
11047 <li>Web proxy URL.</li>
11048 <li>LDAP server for NSS directory information (user, group, etc).</li>
11049 <li>Kerberos server for PAM password checking.</li>
11050 <li>SMB mount point to access the network home directory. (*)</li>
11051 <li>Central syslog server to send syslog messages to. (*)</li>
11052 <li>Sitesummary collector URL to submit info to central server. (*)</li>
11053 </ul>
11054
11055 <p>(Hm, did I forget anything?  Let me knew if I did.)</p>
11056
11057 <p>The points marked (*) are not required to be able to use the
11058 machine, but needed to provide central storage and allowing system
11059 administrators to track their machines.  Since yesterday, everything
11060 but the sitesummary collector URL is dynamically discovered at boot
11061 and installation time in the svn version of Debian Edu.</p>
11062
11063 <p>The IP and DNS setup is fetched during boot using DHCP as usual.
11064 When a DHCP update arrives, the proxy setup is updated by looking for
11065 http://wpat/wpad.dat and using the content of this WPAD file to
11066 configure the http and ftp proxy in /etc/environment and
11067 /etc/apt/apt.conf.  I decided to update the proxy setup using a DHCP
11068 hook to ensure that the client stops using the Debian Edu proxy when
11069 it is moved outside the Debian Edu network, and instead uses any local
11070 proxy present on the new network when it moves around.</p>
11071
11072 <p>The DNS names of the LDAP, Kerberos and syslog server and related
11073 configuration are generated using DNS information at boot.  First the
11074 installer looks for a host named ldap in the current DNS domain.  If
11075 not found, it looks for _ldap._tcp SRV records in DNS instead.  If an
11076 LDAP server is found, its root DSE entry is requested and the
11077 attributes namingContexts and defaultNamingContext are used to
11078 determine which LDAP base to use for NSS.  If there are several
11079 namingContexts attibutes and the defaultNamingContext is present, that
11080 LDAP subtree is used as the base.  If defaultNamingContext is missing,
11081 the subtrees listed as namingContexts are searched in sequence for any
11082 object with class posixAccount or posixGroup, and the first one with
11083 such an object is used as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11084 search is done by first looking for a host named kerberos, and then
11085 for the _kerberos._tcp SRV record.  I've been unable to find a way to
11086 look up the Kerberos realm, so for this the upper case string of the
11087 current DNS domain is used.</p>
11088
11089 <p>For the syslog server, the hosts syslog and loghost are searched
11090 for, and the _syslog._udp SRV record is consulted if no such host is
11091 found.  This algorithm works for both Debian Edu and the University of
11092 Oslo.  A similar strategy would work for locating the sitesummary
11093 server, but have not been implemented yet.  I decided to fetch and
11094 save these settings during installation, to make sure moving to a
11095 different network does not change the set of users being allowed to
11096 log in nor the passwords required to log in.  Usernames and passwords
11097 will be cached by sssd when the user logs in on the Debian Edu
11098 network, and will not change as the laptop move around.  For a
11099 non-roaming machine, there is no caching, but given that it is
11100 supposed to stay in place it should not matter much.  Perhaps we
11101 should switch those to use sssd too?</p>
11102
11103 <p>The user's SMB mount point for the network home directory is
11104 located when the user logs in for the first time.  The LDAP server is
11105 consulted to look for the user's LDAP object and the sambaHomePath
11106 attribute is used if found.  If it isn't found, the home directory
11107 path fetched from NSS is used instead.  Assuming the path is of the
11108 form /site/server/directory/username, the second part is looked up in
11109 DNS and used to generate a SMB URL of the form
11110 smb://server.domain/username.  This algorithm works for both Debian
11111 edu and the University of Oslo.  Perhaps there are better attributes
11112 to use or a better algorithm that works for more sites, but this will
11113 do for now. :)</p>
11114
11115 <p>This work should make it easier to integrate the Debian Edu clients
11116 into any LDAP/Kerberos infrastructure, and make the current setup even
11117 more flexible than before.  I suspect it will also work for thin
11118 client servers, allowing one to easily set up LTSP and hook it into a
11119 existing network infrastructure, but I have not had time to test this
11120 yet.</p>
11121
11122 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11123 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11124
11125 <p>Update 2010-08-09: Simon Farnsworth gave me a heads-up on how to
11126 detect Kerberos realm from DNS, by looking for _kerberos TXT entries
11127 before falling back to the upper case DNS domain name.  Will have to
11128 implement it for Debian Edu. :)</p>
11129
11130       </div>
11131       <div class="tags">
11132
11133
11134         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11135
11136
11137       </div>
11138     </div>
11139     <div class="padding"></div>
11140
11141     <div class="entry">
11142       <div class="title">
11143         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Testing_if_a_file_system_can_be_used_for_home_directories___.html">Testing if a file system can be used for home directories...</a>
11144       </div>
11145       <div class="date">
11146          8th August 2010
11147       </div>
11148       <div class="body">
11149         <p>A few years ago, I was involved in a project planning to use
11150 Windows file servers as home directory servers for Debian
11151 Edu/Skolelinux machines.  This was thought to be no problem, as the
11152 access would be through the SMB network file system protocol, and we
11153 knew other sites used SMB with unix and samba as the file server to
11154 mount home directories without any problems.  But, after months of
11155 struggling, we had to conclude that our goal was impossible.</p>
11156
11157 <p>The reason is simply that while SMB can be used for home
11158 directories when the file server is Samba running on Unix, this only
11159 work because of Samba have some extensions and the fact that the
11160 underlying file system is a unix file system.  When using a Windows
11161 file server, the underlying file system do not have POSIX semantics,
11162 and several programs will fail if the users home directory where they
11163 want to store their configuration lack POSIX semantics.</p>
11164
11165 <p>As part of this work, I wrote a small C program I want to share
11166 with you all, to replicate a few of the problematic applications (like
11167 OpenOffice.org and GCompris) and see if the file system was working as
11168 it should.  If you find yourself in spooky file system land, it might
11169 help you find your way out again.  This is the fs-test.c source:</p>
11170
11171 <pre>
11172 /*
11173  * Some tests to check the file system sematics.  Used to verify that
11174  * CIFS from a windows server do not work properly as a linux home
11175  * directory.
11176  * License: GPL v2 or later
11177  *
11178  * needs libsqlite3-dev and build-essential installed
11179  * compile with: gcc -Wall -lsqlite3 -DTEST_SQLITE fs-test.c -o fs-test
11180 */
11181
11182 #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
11183 #define _LARGEFILE_SOURCE 1
11184 #define _LARGEFILE64_SOURCE 1
11185
11186 #define _GNU_SOURCE /* for asprintf() */
11187
11188 #include &lt;errno.h>
11189 #include &lt;fcntl.h>
11190 #include &lt;stdio.h>
11191 #include &lt;string.h>
11192 #include &lt;stdlib.h>
11193 #include &lt;sys/file.h>
11194 #include &lt;sys/stat.h>
11195 #include &lt;sys/types.h>
11196 #include &lt;unistd.h>
11197
11198 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11199 /*
11200  * Test sqlite open, as done by gcompris require the libsqlite3-dev
11201  * package and linking with -lsqlite3.  A more low level test is
11202  * below.
11203  * See also &lt;URL: http://www.sqlite.org./faq.html#q5 >.
11204  */
11205 #include &lt;sqlite3.h>
11206 #define CREATE_TABLE_USERS                                              \
11207   "CREATE TABLE users (user_id INT UNIQUE, login TEXT, lastname TEXT, firstname TEXT, birthdate TEXT, class_id INT ); "
11208 int test_sqlite_open(void) {
11209   char *zErrMsg;
11210   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11211   sqlite3 *db=NULL;
11212   unlink(name);
11213   int rc = sqlite3_open(name, &db);
11214   if( rc ){
11215     printf("error: sqlite open of %s failed: %s\n", name, sqlite3_errmsg(db));
11216     sqlite3_close(db);
11217     return -1;
11218   }
11219
11220   /* create tables */
11221   rc = sqlite3_exec(db,CREATE_TABLE_USERS, NULL,  0, &zErrMsg);
11222   if( rc != SQLITE_OK ){
11223     printf("error: sqlite table create failed: %s\n", zErrMsg);
11224     sqlite3_close(db);
11225     return -1;
11226   }
11227   printf("info: sqlite worked\n");
11228   sqlite3_close(db);
11229   return 0;
11230 }
11231 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11232
11233 /*
11234  * Demonstrate locking issue found in gcompris using sqlite3.  This
11235  * work with ext3, but not with cifs server on Windows 2003.  This is
11236  * done in the sqlite3 library.
11237  * See also
11238  * &lt;URL:http://www.cygwin.com/ml/cygwin/2001-08/msg00854.html> and the
11239  * POSIX specification
11240  * &lt;URL:http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/009695399/functions/fcntl.html>.
11241  */
11242 int test_gcompris_locking(void) {
11243   struct flock fl;
11244   char *name = "testsqlite.db";
11245   unlink(name);
11246   int fd = open(name, O_RDWR|O_CREAT|O_LARGEFILE, 0644);
11247   printf("info: testing fcntl locking\n");
11248
11249   fl.l_whence = SEEK_SET;
11250   fl.l_pid    = getpid();
11251   printf("  Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11252   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11253   fl.l_len    = 1;
11254   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11255   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11256
11257   printf("  Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11258   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11259   fl.l_len    = 510;
11260   fl.l_type   = F_RDLCK;
11261   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11262
11263   printf("  Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11264   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11265   fl.l_len    = 1;
11266   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11267   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11268
11269   printf("  Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824");
11270   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11271   fl.l_len    = 1;
11272   fl.l_type   = F_WRLCK;
11273   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11274
11275   printf("  Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826");
11276   fl.l_start  = 1073741826;
11277   fl.l_len    = 510;
11278   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11279
11280   printf("  Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824");
11281   fl.l_start  = 1073741824;
11282   fl.l_len    = 2;
11283   fl.l_type   = F_UNLCK;
11284   if (0 != fcntl(fd, F_SETLK, &fl) ) printf(" - error!\n"); else printf("\n");
11285
11286   close(fd);
11287   return 0;
11288 }
11289
11290 /*
11291  * Test if permissions of freshly created directories allow entries
11292  * below them.  This was a problem with OpenOffice.org and gcompris.
11293  * Mounting with option 'sync' seem to solve this problem while
11294  * slowing down file operations.
11295  */
11296 int test_subdirectory_creation(void) {
11297 #define LEVELS 5
11298   char *path = strdup("test");
11299   char *dirs[LEVELS];
11300   int level;
11301   printf("info: testing subdirectory creation\n");
11302   for (level = 0; level &lt; LEVELS; level++) {
11303     char *newpath = NULL;
11304     if (-1 == mkdir(path, 0777)) {
11305       printf("  error: Unable to create directory '%s': %s\n",
11306              path, strerror(errno));
11307       break;
11308     }
11309     asprintf(&newpath, "%s/%s", path, "test");
11310     free(path);
11311     path = newpath;
11312   }
11313   return 0;
11314 }
11315
11316 /*
11317  * Test if symlinks can be created.  This was a problem detected with
11318  * KDE.
11319  */
11320 int test_symlinks(void) {
11321   printf("info: testing symlink creation\n");
11322   unlink("symlink");
11323   if (-1 == symlink("file", "symlink"))
11324     printf("  error: Unable to create symlink\n");
11325   return 0;
11326 }
11327
11328 int main(int argc, char **argv) {
11329   printf("Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system\n");
11330   test_symlinks();
11331   test_subdirectory_creation();
11332 #ifdef TEST_SQLITE
11333   test_sqlite_open();
11334 #endif /* TEST_SQLITE */
11335   test_gcompris_locking();
11336   return 0;
11337 }
11338 </pre>
11339
11340 <p>When everything is working, it should print something like
11341 this:</p>
11342
11343 <pre>
11344 Testing POSIX/Unix sematics on file system
11345 info: testing symlink creation
11346 info: testing subdirectory creation
11347 info: sqlite worked
11348 info: testing fcntl locking
11349   Read-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11350   Read-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11351   Unlocking 1 byte from 1073741824
11352   Write-locking 1 byte from 1073741824
11353   Write-locking 510 byte from 1073741826
11354   Unlocking 2 byte from 1073741824
11355 </pre>
11356
11357 <p>I do not remember the exact details of the problems we saw, but one
11358 of them was with locking, where if I remember correctly, POSIX allow a
11359 read-only lock to be upgraded to a read-write lock without unlocking
11360 the read-only lock (while Windows do not).  Another was a bug in the
11361 CIFS/SMB client implementation in the Linux kernel where directory
11362 meta information would be wrong for a fraction of a second, making
11363 OpenOffice.org fail to create its deep directory tree because it was
11364 not allowed to create files in its freshly created directory.</p>
11365
11366 <p>Anyway, here is a nice tool for your tool box, might you never need
11367 it. :)</p>
11368
11369 <p>Update 2010-08-27: Michael Gebetsroither report that he found the
11370 script so useful that he created a GIT repository and stored it in
11371 <a href="http://github.com/gebi/fs-test">http://github.com/gebi/fs-test</a>.</p>
11372
11373       </div>
11374       <div class="tags">
11375
11376
11377         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11378
11379
11380       </div>
11381     </div>
11382     <div class="padding"></div>
11383
11384     <div class="entry">
11385       <div class="title">
11386         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Autodetecting_Client_setup_for_roaming_workstations_in_Debian_Edu.html">Autodetecting Client setup for roaming workstations in Debian Edu</a>
11387       </div>
11388       <div class="date">
11389          7th August 2010
11390       </div>
11391       <div class="body">
11392         <p>A few days ago, I
11393 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">tried
11394 to install</a> a Roaming workation profile from Debian Edu/Squeeze
11395 while on the university network here at the University of Oslo, and
11396 noticed how much had to change to get it operational using the
11397 university infrastructure.  It was fairly easy, but it occured to me
11398 that Debian Edu would improve a lot if I could get the client to
11399 connect without any changes at all, and thus let the client configure
11400 itself during installation and first boot to use the infrastructure
11401 around it.  Now I am a huge step further along that road.</p>
11402
11403 <p>With our current squeeze-test packages, I can select the roaming
11404 workstation profile and get a working laptop connecting to the
11405 university LDAP server for user and group and our active directory
11406 servers for Kerberos authentication.  All this without any
11407 configuration at all during installation.  My users home directory got
11408 a bookmark in the KDE menu to mount it via SMB, with the correct URL.
11409 In short, openldap and sssd is correctly configured.  In addition to
11410 this, the client look for http://wpad/wpad.dat to configure a web
11411 proxy, and when it fail to find it no proxy settings are stored in
11412 /etc/environment and /etc/apt/apt.conf.  Iceweasel and KDE is
11413 configured to look for the same wpad configuration and also do not use
11414 a proxy when at the university network.  If the machine is moved to a
11415 network with such wpad setup, it would automatically use it when DHCP
11416 gave it a IP address.</p>
11417
11418 <p>The LDAP server is located using DNS, by first looking for the DNS
11419 entry ldap.$domain.  If this do not exist, it look for the
11420 _ldap._tcp.$domain SRV records and use the first one as the LDAP
11421 server.  Next, it connects to the LDAP server and search all
11422 namingContexts entries for posixAccount or posixGroup objects, and
11423 pick the first one as the LDAP base.  For Kerberos, a similar
11424 algorithm is used to locate the LDAP server, and the realm is the
11425 uppercase version of $domain.</p>
11426
11427 <p>So, what is not working, you might ask.  SMB mounting my home
11428 directory do not work.  No idea why, but suspected the incorrect
11429 Kerberos settings in /etc/krb5.conf and /etc/samba/smb.conf might be
11430 the cause.  These are not properly configured during installation, and
11431 had to be hand-edited to get the correct Kerberos realm and server,
11432 but SMB mounting still do not work. :(</p>
11433
11434 <p>With this automatic configuration in place, I expect a Debian Edu
11435 roaming profile installation would be able to automatically detect and
11436 connect to any site using LDAP and Kerberos for NSS directory and PAM
11437 authentication.  It should also work out of the box in a Active
11438 Directory environment providing posixAccount and posixGroup objects
11439 with UID and GID values.</p>
11440
11441 <p>If you want to help out with implementing these things for Debian
11442 Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11443
11444       </div>
11445       <div class="tags">
11446
11447
11448         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11449
11450
11451       </div>
11452     </div>
11453     <div class="padding"></div>
11454
11455     <div class="entry">
11456       <div class="title">
11457         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu_roaming_workstation___at_the_university_of_Oslo.html">Debian Edu roaming workstation - at the university of Oslo</a>
11458       </div>
11459       <div class="date">
11460          3rd August 2010
11461       </div>
11462       <div class="body">
11463         <p>The new roaming workstation profile in Debian Edu/Squeeze is fairly
11464 similar to the laptop setup am I working on using Ubuntu for the
11465 University of Oslo, and just for the heck of it, I tested today how
11466 hard it would be to integrate that profile into the university
11467 infrastructure.  In this case, it is the university LDAP server,
11468 Active Directory Kerberos server and SMB mounting from the Netapp file
11469 servers.</p>
11470
11471 <p>I was pleasantly surprised that the only three files needed to be
11472 changed (/etc/sssd/sssd.conf, /etc/ldap.conf and
11473 /etc/mklocaluser.d/20-debian-edu-config) and one file had to be added
11474 (/usr/share/perl5/Debian/Edu_Local.pm), to get the client working.
11475 Most of the changes were to get the client to use the university LDAP
11476 for NSS and Kerberos server for PAM, but one was to change a hard
11477 coded DNS domain name in the mklocaluser hook from .intern to
11478 .uio.no.</p>
11479
11480 <p>This testing was so encouraging, that I went ahead and adjusted the
11481 Debian Edu scripts and setup in subversion to centralise the roaming
11482 workstation setup a bit more and avoid the hardcoded DNS domain name,
11483 so that when I test this tomorrow, I expect to get away with modifying
11484 only /etc/sssd/sssd.conf and /etc/ldap.conf to get it to use the
11485 university servers.</p>
11486
11487 <p>My goal is to get the clients to have no hardcoded settings and
11488 fetch all their initial setup during installation and first boot, to
11489 allow them to be inserted also into environments where the default
11490 setup in Debian Edu has been changed or as with the university, where
11491 the environment is different but provides the protocols Debian Edu
11492 uses.</p>
11493
11494       </div>
11495       <div class="tags">
11496
11497
11498         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11499
11500
11501       </div>
11502     </div>
11503     <div class="padding"></div>
11504
11505     <div class="entry">
11506       <div class="title">
11507         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/First_Debian_Edu_test_release__alpha0__based_on_Squeeze_is_released.html">First Debian Edu test release (alpha0) based on Squeeze is released</a>
11508       </div>
11509       <div class="date">
11510         27th July 2010
11511       </div>
11512       <div class="body">
11513         <p>I just posted this announcement culminating several months of work
11514 with the next Debian Edu release.  Not nearly done, but one major step
11515 completed.</p>
11516
11517 <blockquote>
11518 <p>This is the first test release based on Squeeze. The focus of this
11519 release is to test the user application selection. To have a look,
11520 install the standalone profile and let the developers know if the set
11521 of installed packages i.e. applications should be modified. If some
11522 user application is missing, or if there are some applications that no
11523 longer make sense to be included in Debian Edu, please let us know.
11524 Also, if a useful application is missing the translation for your
11525 language of choice, please let us know too.</p>
11526
11527 <p>In addition, feedback and help to polish the desktop (menus,
11528 artwork, starters, etc.) is appreciated. We would like to ship a nice
11529 and handy KDE4 desktop targeted for schools out of the box.</p>
11530
11531 <p>The other profiles should be installable, but there is a lot more
11532 work left to be done before they are ready, so do not expect to
11533 much.</p>
11534
11535 <p>Changes compared to the lenny based version</p>
11536
11537 <ul>
11538 <li>Everything from Debian Squeeze
11539 <ul>
11540   <li>Desktop environment KDE 4.4 => the new KDE desktop in
11541          combination with some new artwork
11542   <li>Web browser Iceweasel 3.5
11543   <li>OpenOffice.org 3.2
11544   <li>Educational toolbox GCompris 9.3
11545   <li>Music creator Rosegarden 10.04.2
11546   <li>Image editor Gimp 2.6.10
11547   <li>Virtual universe Celestia 1.6.0
11548   <li>Virtual stargazer Stellarium 0.10.4
11549   <li>3D modeler Blender 2.49.2 (new application)
11550   <li>Video editor Kdenlive 0.7.7 (new application)
11551 </ul></li>
11552 <li>Now using Kerberos for password checking (migration not finished).
11553     Enabled for:
11554 <ul>
11555   <li>PAM
11556   <li>LDAP
11557   <li>IMAP
11558   <li>SMTP (sender verification)
11559 </ul>
11560 </li>
11561 <li>New experimental roaming workstation profile for laptops.</li>
11562 <li>Show welcome page to users when they first log in. The URL is
11563     fetched from LDAP.</li>
11564 <li>New LXDE desktop option, in addition to KDE (default) and Gnome.</li>
11565 <li>General cleanup (not finished)</li>
11566 </ul>
11567 <p>The following features are not working as they should</p>
11568
11569 <ul>
11570 <li>No web based administration tool for creating users and groups. The
11571     scripts ldap-createuser-krb and ldap-add-user-to-group can be used
11572     for testing.</li>
11573 <li>DVD installs are missing debian-installer images for the PXE boot,
11574     and do not set up the PXE menu on eth0 because of this. LTSP
11575     clients should still boot from eth1 on thin client servers.</li>
11576 <li>The restructured KDE menu is not implemented.</li>
11577 <li>The LDAP server setup need to be reviewed for security.</li>
11578 <li>The LDAP directory structure need to be reworked.</li>
11579 <li>Different sets of packages are installed when using the DVD and the
11580     netinst CD. More packages are installed using the netinst CD.</li>
11581 <li>The jackd package fail to install. This is believed to be caused by
11582     some ongoing transition, and hopefully should be solved soon. The
11583     jackd1 package can be installed manually for those that need it.</li>
11584 <li>Some packages lack translations. See
11585     http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/Status/Squeeze for updated status,
11586     and help out with translations.</li>
11587 </ul>
11588
11589 <p>To download this multiarch netinstall release you can use</p>
11590
11591 <ul>
11592 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
11593 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</a></li>
11594 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11595 </ul>
11596 <p>To download this multiarch dvd release you can use</p>
11597
11598 <ul>
11599 <li><a href="ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">ftp://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
11600 <li><a href="http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso">http://ftp.skolelinux.org/skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</a></li>
11601 <li>rsync -avzP ftp.skolelinux.org::skolelinux-cd/squeeze-alpha/debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11602 </ul>
11603
11604 <p>There is no source DVD available yet. It will be prepared when we
11605 get closer to the final release.</p>
11606
11607 <p>The MD5SUM of these images are</p>
11608
11609 <ul>
11610 <li>3dbf45d59f42a53518b6e3c9ec3b5eb6 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11611 <li>22f2cbfce281d1c6e478be452638675d debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11612 </ul>
11613
11614 <p>The SHA1SUM of these images are</p>
11615 <ul>
11616 <li>c53d1b69b40cf37cd27aefaf33f6f6a3821bedf0 debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-CD.iso</li>
11617 <li>2ec29d7db676d59d32197b05c277ffe16348376c debian-edu-6.0.0+edua0-DVD.iso</li>
11618 </ul>
11619 <p>How to report bugs:
11620 http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/ReportBugsInBugzilla</p>
11621
11622 <p>Please direct replies to debian-edu@lists.debian.org</p>
11623 </blockquote>
11624
11625       </div>
11626       <div class="tags">
11627
11628
11629         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
11630
11631
11632       </div>
11633     </div>
11634     <div class="padding"></div>
11635
11636     <div class="entry">
11637       <div class="title">
11638         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/One_step_closer_to_single_signon_in_Debian_Edu.html">One step closer to single signon in Debian Edu</a>
11639       </div>
11640       <div class="date">
11641         25th July 2010
11642       </div>
11643       <div class="body">
11644         <p>The last few months me and the other Debian Edu developers have
11645 been working hard to get the Debian/Squeeze based version of Debian
11646 Edu/Skolelinux into shape.  This future version will use Kerberos for
11647 authentication, and services are slowly migrated to single signon,
11648 getting rid of password questions one at the time.</p>
11649
11650 <p>It will also feature a roaming workstation profile with local home
11651 directory, for laptops that are only some times on the Skolelinux
11652 network, and for this profile a shortcut is created in Gnome and KDE
11653 to gain access to the users home directory on the file server.  This
11654 shortcut uses SMB at the moment, and yesterday I had time to test if
11655 SMB mounting had started working in KDE after we added the cifs-utils
11656 package.  I was pleasantly surprised how well it worked.</p>
11657
11658 <p>Thanks to the recent changes to our samba configuration to get it
11659 to use Kerberos for authentication, there were no question about user
11660 password when mounting the SMB volume.  A simple click on the shortcut
11661 in the KDE menu, and a window with the home directory popped
11662 up. :)</p>
11663
11664 <p>One step closer to a single signon solution out of the box in
11665 Debian Edu.  We already had PAM, LDAP, IMAP and SMTP in place, and now
11666 also Samba.  Next step is Cups and hopefully also NFS.</p>
11667
11668 <p>We had planned a alpha0 release of Debian Edu for today, but thanks
11669 to the autobuilder administrators for some architectures being slow to
11670 sign packages, we are still missing the fixed LTSP package we need for
11671 the release.  It was uploaded three days ago with urgency=high, and if
11672 it had entered testing yesterday we would have been able to test it in
11673 time for a alpha0 release today.  As the binaries for ia64 and powerpc
11674 still not uploaded to the Debian archive, we need to delay the alpha
11675 release another day.</p>
11676
11677 <p>If you want to help out with implementing Kerberos for Debian Edu,
11678 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
11679
11680       </div>
11681       <div class="tags">
11682
11683
11684         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
11685
11686
11687       </div>
11688     </div>
11689     <div class="padding"></div>
11690
11691     <div class="entry">
11692       <div class="title">
11693         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_are_they_searching_for___PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_in_LDAP.html">What are they searching for - PowerDNS and ISC DHCP in LDAP</a>
11694       </div>
11695       <div class="date">
11696         17th July 2010
11697       </div>
11698       <div class="body">
11699         <p>This is a
11700 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">followup</a>
11701 on my
11702 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">previous
11703 work</a> on
11704 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">merging
11705 all</a> the computer related LDAP objects in Debian Edu.</p>
11706
11707 <p>As a step to try to see if it possible to merge the DNS and DHCP
11708 LDAP objects, I have had a look at how the packages pdns-backend-ldap
11709 and dhcp3-server-ldap in Debian use the LDAP server.  The two
11710 implementations are quite different in how they use LDAP.</p>
11711
11712 To get this information, I started slapd with debugging enabled and
11713 dumped the debug output to a file to get the LDAP searches performed
11714 on a Debian Edu main-server.  Here is a summary.
11715
11716 <p><strong>powerdns</strong></p>
11717
11718 <a href="http://www.linuxnetworks.de/doc/index.php/PowerDNS_LDAP_Backend">Clues
11719 on how to</a> set up PowerDNS to use a LDAP backend is available on
11720 the web.
11721
11722 <p>PowerDNS have two modes of operation using LDAP as its backend.
11723 One "strict" mode where the forward and reverse DNS lookups are done
11724 using the same LDAP objects, and a "tree" mode where the forward and
11725 reverse entries are in two different subtrees in LDAP with a structure
11726 based on the DNS names, as in tjener.intern and
11727 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa.</p>
11728
11729 <p>In tree mode, the server is set up to use a LDAP subtree as its
11730 base, and uses a "base" scoped search for the DNS name by adding
11731 "dc=tjener,dc=intern," to the base with a filter for
11732 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" for the forward entry and
11733 "dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa," with a filter for
11734 "(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)" for the reverse entry.  For
11735 forward entries, it is looking for attributes named dnsttl, arecord,
11736 nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord,
11737 txtrecord, rprecord, afsdbrecord, keyrecord, aaaarecord, locrecord,
11738 srvrecord, naptrrecord, kxrecord, certrecord, dsrecord, sshfprecord,
11739 ipseckeyrecord, rrsigrecord, nsecrecord, dnskeyrecord, dhcidrecord,
11740 spfrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entries it is looking for
11741 the attributes dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord,
11742 ptrrecord, hinforecord, mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord,
11743 locrecord, srvrecord, naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  The equivalent
11744 ldapsearch commands could look like this:</p>
11745
11746 <blockquote><pre>
11747 ldapsearch -h ldap \
11748   -b dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
11749   -s base -x '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
11750   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
11751   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
11752   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
11753   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
11754
11755 ldapsearch -h ldap \
11756   -b dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no \
11757   -s base -x '(associateddomain=2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa)'
11758   dnsttl, arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord soarecord ptrrecord \
11759   hinforecord mxrecord txtrecord rprecord aaaarecord locrecord \
11760   srvrecord naptrrecord modifytimestamp
11761 </pre></blockquote>
11762
11763 <p>In Debian Edu/Lenny, the PowerDNS tree mode is used with
11764 ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no as the base, and these are two
11765 example LDAP objects used there.  In addition to these objects, the
11766 parent objects all th way up to ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11767 also exist.</p>
11768
11769 <blockquote><pre>
11770 dn: dc=tjener,dc=intern,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11771 objectclass: top
11772 objectclass: dnsdomain
11773 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11774 dc: tjener
11775 arecord: 10.0.2.2
11776 associateddomain: tjener.intern
11777
11778 dn: dc=2,dc=2,dc=0,dc=10,dc=in-addr,dc=arpa,ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11779 objectclass: top
11780 objectclass: dnsdomain2
11781 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
11782 dc: 2
11783 ptrrecord: tjener.intern
11784 associateddomain: 2.2.0.10.in-addr.arpa
11785 </pre></blockquote>
11786
11787 <p>In strict mode, the server behaves differently.  When looking for
11788 forward DNS entries, it is doing a "subtree" scoped search with the
11789 same base as in the tree mode for a object with filter
11790 "(associateddomain=tjener.intern)" and requests the attributes dnsttl,
11791 arecord, nsrecord, cnamerecord, soarecord, ptrrecord, hinforecord,
11792 mxrecord, txtrecord, rprecord, aaaarecord, locrecord, srvrecord,
11793 naptrrecord and modifytimestamp.  For reverse entires it also do a
11794 subtree scoped search but this time the filter is "(arecord=10.0.2.2)"
11795 and the requested attributes are associateddomain, dnsttl and
11796 modifytimestamp.  In short, in strict mode the objects with ptrrecord
11797 go away, and the arecord attribute in the forward object is used
11798 instead.</p>
11799
11800 <p>The forward and reverse searches can be simulated using ldapsearch
11801 like this:</p>
11802
11803 <blockquote><pre>
11804 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
11805   '(associateddomain=tjener.intern)' dNSTTL aRecord nSRecord \
11806   cNAMERecord sOARecord pTRRecord hInfoRecord mXRecord tXTRecord \
11807   rPRecord aFSDBRecord KeyRecord aAAARecord lOCRecord sRVRecord \
11808   nAPTRRecord kXRecord certRecord dSRecord sSHFPRecord iPSecKeyRecord \
11809   rRSIGRecord nSECRecord dNSKeyRecord dHCIDRecord sPFRecord modifyTimestamp
11810
11811 ldapsearch -h ldap -b ou=hosts,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no -s sub -x \
11812   '(arecord=10.0.2.2)' associateddomain dnsttl modifytimestamp
11813 </pre></blockquote>
11814
11815 <p>In addition to the forward and reverse searches , there is also a
11816 search for SOA records, which behave similar to the forward and
11817 reverse lookups.</p>
11818
11819 <p>A thing to note with the PowerDNS behaviour is that it do not
11820 specify any objectclass names, and instead look for the attributes it
11821 need to generate a DNS reply.  This make it able to work with any
11822 objectclass that provide the needed attributes.</p>
11823
11824 <p>The attributes are normally provided in the cosine (RFC 1274) and
11825 dnsdomain2 schemas.  The latter is used for reverse entries like
11826 ptrrecord and recent DNS additions like aaaarecord and srvrecord.</p>
11827
11828 <p>In Debian Edu, we have created DNS objects using the object classes
11829 dcobject (for dc), dnsdomain or dnsdomain2 (structural, for the DNS
11830 attributes) and domainrelatedobject (for associatedDomain).  The use
11831 of structural object classes make it impossible to combine these
11832 classes with the object classes used by DHCP.</p>
11833
11834 <p>There are other schemas that could be used too, for example the
11835 dnszone structural object class used by Gosa and bind-sdb for the DNS
11836 attributes combined with the domainrelatedobject object class, but in
11837 this case some unused attributes would have to be included as well
11838 (zonename and relativedomainname).</p>
11839
11840 <p>My proposal for Debian Edu would be to switch PowerDNS to strict
11841 mode and not use any of the existing objectclasses (dnsdomain,
11842 dnsdomain2 and dnszone) when one want to combine the DNS information
11843 with DHCP information, and instead create a auxiliary object class
11844 defined something like this (using the attributes defined for
11845 dnsdomain and dnsdomain2 or dnszone):</p>
11846
11847 <blockquote><pre>
11848 objectclass ( some-oid NAME 'dnsDomainAux'
11849     SUP top
11850     AUXILIARY
11851     MAY ( ARecord $ MDRecord $ MXRecord $ NSRecord $ SOARecord $ CNAMERecord $
11852           DNSTTL $ DNSClass $ PTRRecord $ HINFORecord $ MINFORecord $
11853           TXTRecord $ SIGRecord $ KEYRecord $ AAAARecord $ LOCRecord $
11854           NXTRecord $ SRVRecord $ NAPTRRecord $ KXRecord $ CERTRecord $
11855           A6Record $ DNAMERecord
11856     ))
11857 </pre></blockquote>
11858
11859 <p>This will allow any object to become a DNS entry when combined with
11860 the domainrelatedobject object class, and allow any entity to include
11861 all the attributes PowerDNS wants.  I've sent an email to the PowerDNS
11862 developers asking for their view on this schema and if they are
11863 interested in providing such schema with PowerDNS, and I hope my
11864 message will be accepted into their mailing list soon.</p>
11865
11866 <p><strong>ISC dhcp</strong></p>
11867
11868 <p>The DHCP server searches for specific objectclass and requests all
11869 the object attributes, and then uses the attributes it want.  This
11870 make it harder to figure out exactly what attributes are used, but
11871 thanks to the working example in Debian Edu I can at least get an idea
11872 what is needed without having to read the source code.</p>
11873
11874 <p>In the DHCP server configuration, the LDAP base to use and the
11875 search filter to use to locate the correct dhcpServer entity is
11876 stored.  These are the relevant entries from
11877 /etc/dhcp3/dhcpd.conf:</p>
11878
11879 <blockquote><pre>
11880 ldap-base-dn "dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no";
11881 ldap-dhcp-server-cn "dhcp";
11882 </pre></blockquote>
11883
11884 <p>The DHCP server uses this information to nest all the DHCP
11885 configuration it need.  The cn "dhcp" is located using the given LDAP
11886 base and the filter "(&(objectClass=dhcpServer)(cn=dhcp))".  The
11887 search result is this entry:</p>
11888
11889 <blockquote><pre>
11890 dn: cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11891 cn: dhcp
11892 objectClass: top
11893 objectClass: dhcpServer
11894 dhcpServiceDN: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11895 </pre></blockquote>
11896
11897 <p>The content of the dhcpServiceDN attribute is next used to locate the
11898 subtree with DHCP configuration.  The DHCP configuration subtree base
11899 is located using a base scope search with base "cn=DHCP
11900 Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" and filter
11901 "(&(objectClass=dhcpService)(|(dhcpPrimaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)(dhcpSecondaryDN=cn=dhcp,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no)))".
11902 The search result is this entry:</p>
11903
11904 <blockquote><pre>
11905 dn: cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11906 cn: DHCP Config
11907 objectClass: top
11908 objectClass: dhcpService
11909 objectClass: dhcpOptions
11910 dhcpPrimaryDN: cn=dhcp, dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11911 dhcpStatements: ddns-update-style none
11912 dhcpStatements: authoritative
11913 dhcpOption: smtp-server code 69 = array of ip-address
11914 dhcpOption: www-server code 72 = array of ip-address
11915 dhcpOption: wpad-url code 252 = text
11916 </pre></blockquote>
11917
11918 <p>Next, the entire subtree is processed, one level at the time.  When
11919 all the DHCP configuration is loaded, it is ready to receive requests.
11920 The subtree in Debian Edu contain objects with object classes
11921 top/dhcpService/dhcpOptions, top/dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions,
11922 top/dhcpSubnet, top/dhcpGroup and top/dhcpHost.  These provide options
11923 and information about netmasks, dynamic range etc.  Leaving out the
11924 details here because it is not relevant for the focus of my
11925 investigation, which is to see if it is possible to merge dns and dhcp
11926 related computer objects.</p>
11927
11928 <p>When a DHCP request come in, LDAP is searched for the MAC address
11929 of the client (00:00:00:00:00:00 in this example), using a subtree
11930 scoped search with "cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no" as
11931 the base and "(&(objectClass=dhcpHost)(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet
11932 00:00:00:00:00:00))" as the filter.  This is what a host object look
11933 like:</p>
11934
11935 <blockquote><pre>
11936 dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11937 cn: hostname
11938 objectClass: top
11939 objectClass: dhcpHost
11940 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
11941 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname
11942 </pre></blockquote>
11943
11944 <p>There is less flexiblity in the way LDAP searches are done here.
11945 The object classes need to have fixed names, and the configuration
11946 need to be stored in a fairly specific LDAP structure.  On the
11947 positive side, the invidiual dhcpHost entires can be anywhere without
11948 the DN pointed to by the dhcpServer entries.  The latter should make
11949 it possible to group all host entries in a subtree next to the
11950 configuration entries, and this subtree can also be shared with the
11951 DNS server if the schema proposed above is combined with the dhcpHost
11952 structural object class.
11953
11954 <p><strong>Conclusion</strong></p>
11955
11956 <p>The PowerDNS implementation seem to be very flexible when it come
11957 to which LDAP schemas to use.  While its "tree" mode is rigid when it
11958 come to the the LDAP structure, the "strict" mode is very flexible,
11959 allowing DNS objects to be stored anywhere under the base cn specified
11960 in the configuration.</p>
11961
11962 <p>The DHCP implementation on the other hand is very inflexible, both
11963 regarding which LDAP schemas to use and which LDAP structure to use.
11964 I guess one could implement ones own schema, as long as the
11965 objectclasses and attributes have the names used, but this do not
11966 really help when the DHCP subtree need to have a fairly fixed
11967 structure.</p>
11968
11969 <p>Based on the observed behaviour, I suspect a LDAP structure like
11970 this might work for Debian Edu:</p>
11971
11972 <blockquote><pre>
11973 ou=services
11974   cn=machine-info (dhcpService) - dhcpServiceDN points here
11975     cn=dhcp (dhcpServer)
11976     cn=dhcp-internal (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11977       cn=10.0.2.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11978         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11979     cn=dhcp-thinclients (dhcpSharedNetwork/dhcpOptions)
11980       cn=192.168.0.0 (dhcpSubnet)
11981         cn=group1 (dhcpGroup/dhcpOptions)
11982     ou=machines - PowerDNS base points here
11983       cn=hostname (dhcpHost/domainrelatedobject/dnsDomainAux)
11984 </pre></blockquote>
11985
11986 <P>This is not tested yet.  If the DHCP server require the dhcpHost
11987 entries to be in the dhcpGroup subtrees, the entries can be stored
11988 there instead of a common machines subtree, and the PowerDNS base
11989 would have to be moved one level up to the machine-info subtree.</p>
11990
11991 <p>The combined object under the machines subtree would look something
11992 like this:</p>
11993
11994 <blockquote><pre>
11995 dn: dc=hostname,ou=machines,cn=machine-info,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
11996 dc: hostname
11997 objectClass: top
11998 objectClass: dhcpHost
11999 objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12000 objectclass: dnsDomainAux
12001 associateddomain: hostname.intern
12002 arecord: 10.11.12.13
12003 dhcpHWAddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12004 dhcpStatements: fixed-address hostname.intern
12005 </pre></blockquote>
12006
12007 </p>One could even add the LTSP configuration associated with a given
12008 machine, as long as the required attributes are available in a
12009 auxiliary object class.</p>
12010
12011       </div>
12012       <div class="tags">
12013
12014
12015         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12016
12017
12018       </div>
12019     </div>
12020     <div class="padding"></div>
12021
12022     <div class="entry">
12023       <div class="title">
12024         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Combining_PowerDNS_and_ISC_DHCP_LDAP_objects.html">Combining PowerDNS and ISC DHCP LDAP objects</a>
12025       </div>
12026       <div class="date">
12027         14th July 2010
12028       </div>
12029       <div class="body">
12030         <p>For a while now, I have wanted to find a way to change the DNS and
12031 DHCP services in Debian Edu to use the same LDAP objects for a given
12032 computer, to avoid the possibility of having a inconsistent state for
12033 a computer in LDAP (as in DHCP but no DNS entry or the other way
12034 around) and make it easier to add computers to LDAP.</p>
12035
12036 <p>I've looked at how powerdns and dhcpd is using LDAP, and using this
12037 information finally found a solution that seem to work.</p>
12038
12039 <p>The old setup required three LDAP objects for a given computer.
12040 One forward DNS entry, one reverse DNS entry and one DHCP entry.  If
12041 we switch powerdns to use its strict LDAP method (ldap-method=strict
12042 in pdns-debian-edu.conf), the forward and reverse DNS entries are
12043 merged into one while making it impossible to transfer the reverse map
12044 to a slave DNS server.</p>
12045
12046 <p>If we also replace the object class used to get the DNS related
12047 attributes to one allowing these attributes to be combined with the
12048 dhcphost object class, we can merge the DNS and DHCP entries into one.
12049 I've written such object class in the dnsdomainaux.schema file (need
12050 proper OIDs, but that is a minor issue), and tested the setup.  It
12051 seem to work.</p>
12052
12053 <p>With this test setup in place, we can get away with one LDAP object
12054 for both DNS and DHCP, and even the LTSP configuration I suggested in
12055 an earlier email.  The combined LDAP object will look something like
12056 this:</p>
12057
12058 <blockquote><pre>
12059   dn: cn=hostname,cn=group1,cn=THINCLIENTS,cn=DHCP Config,dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12060   cn: hostname
12061   objectClass: dhcphost
12062   objectclass: domainrelatedobject
12063   objectclass: dnsdomainaux
12064   associateddomain: hostname.intern
12065   arecord: 10.11.12.13
12066   dhcphwaddress: ethernet 00:00:00:00:00:00
12067   dhcpstatements: fixed-address hostname
12068   ldapconfigsound: Y
12069 </pre></blockquote>
12070
12071 <p>The DNS server uses the associateddomain and arecord entries, while
12072 the DHCP server uses the dhcphwaddress and dhcpstatements entries
12073 before asking DNS to resolve the fixed-adddress.  LTSP will use
12074 dhcphwaddress or associateddomain and the ldapconfig* attributes.</p>
12075
12076 <p>I am not yet sure if I can get the DHCP server to look for its
12077 dhcphost in a different location, to allow us to put the objects
12078 outside the "DHCP Config" subtree, but hope to figure out a way to do
12079 that.  If I can't figure out a way to do that, we can still get rid of
12080 the hosts subtree and move all its content into the DHCP Config tree
12081 (which probably should be renamed to be more related to the new
12082 content.  I suspect cn=dnsdhcp,ou=services or something like that
12083 might be a good place to put it.</p>
12084
12085 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12086 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12087
12088       </div>
12089       <div class="tags">
12090
12091
12092         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12093
12094
12095       </div>
12096     </div>
12097     <div class="padding"></div>
12098
12099     <div class="entry">
12100       <div class="title">
12101         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_LTSP_configuration_in_LDAP.html">Idea for storing LTSP configuration in LDAP</a>
12102       </div>
12103       <div class="date">
12104         11th July 2010
12105       </div>
12106       <div class="body">
12107         <p>Vagrant mentioned on IRC today that ltsp_config now support
12108 sourcing files from /usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ on the thin
12109 clients, and that this can be used to fetch configuration from LDAP if
12110 Debian Edu choose to store configuration there.</p>
12111
12112 <p>Armed with this information, I got inspired and wrote a test module
12113 to get configuration from LDAP.  The idea is to look up the MAC
12114 address of the client in LDAP, and look for attributes on the form
12115 ltspconfigsetting=value, and use this to export SETTING=value to the
12116 LTSP clients.</p>
12117
12118 <p>The goal is to be able to store the LTSP configuration attributes
12119 in a "computer" LDAP object used by both DNS and DHCP, and thus
12120 allowing us to store all information about a computer in one place.</p>
12121
12122 <p>This is a untested draft implementation, and I welcome feedback on
12123 this approach.  A real LDAP schema for the ltspClientAux objectclass
12124 need to be written.  Comments, suggestions, etc?</p>
12125
12126 <blockquote><pre>
12127 # Store in /opt/ltsp/$arch/usr/share/ltsp/ltsp_config.d/ldap-config
12128 #
12129 # Fetch LTSP client settings from LDAP based on MAC address
12130 #
12131 # Uses ethernet address as stored in the dhcpHost objectclass using
12132 # the dhcpHWAddress attribute or ethernet address stored in the
12133 # ieee802Device objectclass with the macAddress attribute.
12134 #
12135 # This module is written to be schema agnostic, and only depend on the
12136 # existence of attribute names.
12137 #
12138 # The LTSP configuration variables are saved directly using a
12139 # ltspConfig prefix and uppercasing the rest of the attribute name.
12140 # To set the SERVER variable, set the ltspConfigServer attribute.
12141 #
12142 # Some LDAP schema should be created with all the relevant
12143 # configuration settings.  Something like this should work:
12144 #
12145 # objectclass ( 1.1.2.2 NAME 'ltspClientAux'
12146 #     SUP top
12147 #     AUXILIARY
12148 #     MAY ( ltspConfigServer $ ltsConfigSound $ ... )
12149
12150 LDAPSERVER=$(debian-edu-ldapserver)
12151 if [ "$LDAPSERVER" ] ; then
12152     LDAPBASE=$(debian-edu-ldapserver -b)
12153     for MAC in $(LANG=C ifconfig |grep -i hwaddr| awk '{print $5}'|sort -u) ; do
12154         filter="(|(dhcpHWAddress=ethernet $MAC)(macAddress=$MAC))"
12155         ldapsearch -h "$LDAPSERVER" -b "$LDAPBASE" -v -x "$filter" | \
12156             grep '^ltspConfig' | while read attr value ; do
12157             # Remove prefix and convert to upper case
12158             attr=$(echo $attr | sed 's/^ltspConfig//i' | tr a-z A-Z)
12159             # bass value on to clients
12160             eval "$attr=$value; export $attr"
12161         done
12162     done
12163 fi
12164 </pre></blockquote>
12165
12166 <p>I'm not sure this shell construction will work, because I suspect
12167 the while block might end up in a subshell causing the variables set
12168 there to not show up in ltsp-config, but if that is the case I am sure
12169 the code can be restructured to make sure the variables are passed on.
12170 I expect that can be solved with some testing. :)</p>
12171
12172 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12173 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12174
12175 <p>Update 2010-07-17: I am aware of another effort to store LTSP
12176 configuration in LDAP that was created around year 2000 by
12177 <a href="http://www.pcxperience.com/thinclient/documentation/ldap.html">PC
12178 Xperience, Inc., 2000</a>.  I found its
12179 <a href="http://people.redhat.com/alikins/ltsp/ldap/">files</a> on a
12180 personal home page over at redhat.com.</p>
12181
12182       </div>
12183       <div class="tags">
12184
12185
12186         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12187
12188
12189       </div>
12190     </div>
12191     <div class="padding"></div>
12192
12193     <div class="entry">
12194       <div class="title">
12195         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/jXplorer__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">jXplorer, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12196       </div>
12197       <div class="date">
12198          9th July 2010
12199       </div>
12200       <div class="body">
12201         <p>Since
12202 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">my
12203 last post</a> about available LDAP tools in Debian, I was told about a
12204 LDAP GUI that is even better than luma.  The java application
12205 <a href="http://jxplorer.org/">jXplorer</a> is claimed to be capable of
12206 moving LDAP objects and subtrees using drag-and-drop, and can
12207 authenticate using Kerberos.  I have only tested the Kerberos
12208 authentication, but do not have a LDAP setup allowing me to rewrite
12209 LDAP with my test user yet.  It is
12210 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/j/jxplorer.html">available in
12211 Debian</a> testing and unstable at the moment.  The only problem I
12212 have with it is how it handle errors.  If something go wrong, its
12213 non-intuitive behaviour require me to go through some query work list
12214 and remove the failing query.  Nothing big, but very annoying.</p>
12215
12216       </div>
12217       <div class="tags">
12218
12219
12220         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12221
12222
12223       </div>
12224     </div>
12225     <div class="padding"></div>
12226
12227     <div class="entry">
12228       <div class="title">
12229         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__apt_vs_aptitude_with_the_Gnome_desktop.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, apt vs aptitude with the Gnome desktop</a>
12230       </div>
12231       <div class="date">
12232          3rd July 2010
12233       </div>
12234       <div class="body">
12235         <p>Here is a short update on my <a
12236 href="http://people.skolelinux.org/~pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">my
12237 Debian Lenny->Squeeze upgrade testing</a>.  Here is a summary of the
12238 difference for Gnome when it is upgraded by apt-get and aptitude.  I'm
12239 not reporting the status for KDE, because the upgrade crashes when
12240 aptitude try because of missing conflicts
12241 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> and
12242 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585716">#585716</a>).</p>
12243
12244 <p>At the end of the upgrade test script, dpkg -l is executed to get a
12245 complete list of the installed packages.  Based on this I see these
12246 differences when I did a test run today.  As usual, I do not really
12247 know what the correct set of packages would be, but thought it best to
12248 publish the difference.</p>
12249
12250 <p>Installed using apt-get, missing with aptitude</p>
12251
12252 <blockquote><p>
12253   at-spi cpp-4.3 finger gnome-spell gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs
12254   libatspi1.0-0 libcupsys2 libeel2-data libgail-common libgdl-1-common
12255   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-common libgnomevfs2-bin
12256   libgtksourceview-common libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa
12257   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libservlet2.4-java libxalan2-java
12258   libxerces2-java openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12259   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gtkhtml2
12260   python-gtkmozembed svgalibg1 xserver-xephyr zip
12261 </p></blockquote>
12262
12263 <p>Installed using apt-get, removed with aptitude</p>
12264
12265 <blockquote><p>
12266   bluez-utils dhcdbd djvulibre-desktop epiphany-gecko
12267   gnome-app-install gnome-mount gnome-vfs-obexftp gnome-volume-manager
12268   libao2 libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libbind9-50
12269   libbluetooth2 libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcurl3
12270   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedata-cal1.2-6 libedataserver1.2-9
12271   libeel2-2.20 libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libexchange-storage1.2-3
12272   libfaad0 libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libggz2 libggzcore9
12273   libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0 libgnome-desktop-2
12274   libgnome-pilot2 libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12275   libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12276   libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6 libhesiod0 libicu38 libisccc50
12277   libisccfg50 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 liblwres50 libmagick++10
12278   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off libnautilus-burn4
12279   libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2 libosp5
12280   libparted1.8-10 libpisock9 libpisync1 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3
12281   libpt-1.10.10 libraw1394-8 libsensors3 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8
12282   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1
12283   libtotem-plparser10 libtrackerclient0 libvoikko1 libxalan2-java-gcj
12284   libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6 libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3
12285   mysql-common swfdec-gnome totem-gstreamer wodim
12286 </p></blockquote>
12287
12288 <p>Installed using aptitude, missing with apt-get</p>
12289
12290 <blockquote><p>
12291   gnome gnome-desktop-environment hamster-applet python-gnomeapplet
12292   python-gnomekeyring python-wnck rhythmbox-plugins xorg
12293   xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12294   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12295   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-video-all
12296   xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark xserver-xorg-video-ati
12297   xserver-xorg-video-chips xserver-xorg-video-cirrus
12298   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12299   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12300   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12301   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12302   xserver-xorg-video-nouveau xserver-xorg-video-nv
12303   xserver-xorg-video-r128 xserver-xorg-video-radeon
12304   xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd xserver-xorg-video-rendition
12305   xserver-xorg-video-s3 xserver-xorg-video-s3virge
12306   xserver-xorg-video-savage xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion
12307   xserver-xorg-video-sis xserver-xorg-video-sisusb
12308   xserver-xorg-video-tdfx xserver-xorg-video-tga
12309   xserver-xorg-video-trident xserver-xorg-video-tseng
12310   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vmware
12311   xserver-xorg-video-voodoo
12312 </p></blockquote>
12313
12314 <p>Installed using aptitude, removed with apt-get</p>
12315
12316 <blockquote><p>
12317   deskbar-applet xserver-xorg xserver-xorg-core
12318   xserver-xorg-input-wacom xserver-xorg-video-intel
12319   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome
12320 </p></blockquote>
12321
12322 <p>I was told on IRC that the xorg-xserver package was
12323 <a href="http://git.debian.org/?p=pkg-xorg/xserver/xorg-server.git;a=commit;h=9c8080d06c457932d3bfec021c69ac000aa60120">changed
12324 in git</a> today to try to get apt-get to not remove xorg completely.
12325 No idea when it hits Squeeze, but when it does I hope it will reduce
12326 the difference somewhat.
12327
12328       </div>
12329       <div class="tags">
12330
12331
12332         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12333
12334
12335       </div>
12336     </div>
12337     <div class="padding"></div>
12338
12339     <div class="entry">
12340       <div class="title">
12341         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Caching_password__user_and_group_on_a_roaming_Debian_laptop.html">Caching password, user and group on a roaming Debian laptop</a>
12342       </div>
12343       <div class="date">
12344          1st July 2010
12345       </div>
12346       <div class="body">
12347         <p>For a laptop, centralized user directories and password checking is
12348 a bit troubling.  Laptops are typically used also when not connected
12349 to the network, and it is vital for a user to be able to log in or
12350 unlock the screen saver also when a central server is unavailable.
12351 This is possible by caching passwords and directory information (user
12352 and group attributes) locally, and the packages to do so are available
12353 in Debian.  Here follow two recipes to set this up in Debian/Squeeze.
12354 It is also possible to set up in Debian/Lenny, but require more manual
12355 setup there because pam-auth-update is missing in Lenny.</p>
12356
12357 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nscd + libpam-ccreds + libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12358
12359 This is the traditional method with a twist.  The password caching is
12360 provided by libpam-ccreds (version 10-4 or later is needed on
12361 Squeeze), and the directory caching is done by nscd.  The directory
12362 lookup and password checking is done using LDAP.  If one want to use
12363 Kerberos for password checking the libpam-ldapd package can be
12364 replaced with libpam-krb5 or libpam-heimdal.  If one is happy having a
12365 local home directory with the path listed in LDAP, one can use the
12366 pam_mkhomedir module from pam-modules to make this happen instead of
12367 using libpam-mklocaluser.  A setup for pam-auth-update to enable
12368 pam_mkhomedir will have to be written until a fix for
12369 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/568577">bug #568577</a> is in the
12370 archive.  Because I believe it is a bad idea to have local home
12371 directories using misleading paths like /site/server/partition/, I
12372 prefer to create a local user with the home directory in /home/.  This
12373 is done using the libpam-mklocaluser package.</p>
12374
12375 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured</p>
12376
12377 <blockquote><pre>
12378 libnss-ldapd libpam-ldapd nscd libpam-ccreds libpam-mklocaluser
12379 </pre></blockquote>
12380
12381 <p>The ldapd packages will ask for LDAP connection information, and
12382 one have to fill in the values that fits ones own site.  Make sure the
12383 PAM part uses encrypted connections, to make sure the password is not
12384 sent in clear text to the LDAP server.  I've been unable to get TLS
12385 certificate checking for a self signed certificate working, which make
12386 LDAP authentication unsafe for Debian Edu (nslcd is not checking if it
12387 is talking to the correct LDAP server), and very much welcome feedback
12388 on how to get this working.</p>
12389
12390 <p>Because nscd do not have a default configuration fit for offline
12391 caching until <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">bug #485282</a>
12392 is fixed, this configuration should be used instead of the one
12393 currently in /etc/nscd.conf.  The changes are in the fields
12394 reload-count and positive-time-to-live, and is based on the
12395 instructions I found in the
12396 <a href="http://www.flyn.org/laptopldap/">LDAP for Mobile Laptops</a>
12397 instructions by Flyn Computing.</p>
12398
12399 <blockquote><pre>
12400         debug-level             0
12401         reload-count            unlimited
12402         paranoia                no
12403
12404         enable-cache            passwd          yes
12405         positive-time-to-live   passwd          2592000
12406         negative-time-to-live   passwd          20
12407         suggested-size          passwd          211
12408         check-files             passwd          yes
12409         persistent              passwd          yes
12410         shared                  passwd          yes
12411         max-db-size             passwd          33554432
12412         auto-propagate          passwd          yes
12413
12414         enable-cache            group           yes
12415         positive-time-to-live   group           2592000
12416         negative-time-to-live   group           20
12417         suggested-size          group           211
12418         check-files             group           yes
12419         persistent              group           yes
12420         shared                  group           yes
12421         max-db-size             group           33554432
12422         auto-propagate          group           yes
12423
12424         enable-cache            hosts           no
12425         positive-time-to-live   hosts           2592000
12426         negative-time-to-live   hosts           20
12427         suggested-size          hosts           211
12428         check-files             hosts           yes
12429         persistent              hosts           yes
12430         shared                  hosts           yes
12431         max-db-size             hosts           33554432
12432
12433         enable-cache            services        yes
12434         positive-time-to-live   services        2592000
12435         negative-time-to-live   services        20
12436         suggested-size          services        211
12437         check-files             services        yes
12438         persistent              services        yes
12439         shared                  services        yes
12440         max-db-size             services        33554432
12441 </pre></blockquote>
12442
12443 <p>While we wait for a mechanism to update /etc/nsswitch.conf
12444 automatically like the one provided in
12445 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/496915">bug #496915</a>, the file
12446 content need to be manually replaced to ensure LDAP is used as the
12447 directory service on the machine.  /etc/nsswitch.conf should normally
12448 look like this:</p>
12449
12450 <blockquote><pre>
12451 passwd:         files ldap
12452 group:          files ldap
12453 shadow:         files ldap
12454 hosts:          files mdns4_minimal [NOTFOUND=return] dns mdns4
12455 networks:       files
12456 protocols:      files
12457 services:       files
12458 ethers:         files
12459 rpc:            files
12460 netgroup:       files ldap
12461 </pre></blockquote>
12462
12463 <p>The important parts are that ldap is listed last for passwd, group,
12464 shadow and netgroup.</p>
12465
12466 <p>With these changes in place, any user in LDAP will be able to log
12467 in locally on the machine using for example kdm, get a local home
12468 directory created and have the password as well as user and group
12469 attributes cached.
12470
12471 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + nss-updatedb + libpam-ccreds +
12472   libpam-mklocaluser/pam_mkhomedir</h2>
12473
12474 <p>Because nscd have had its share of problems, and seem to have
12475 problems doing proper caching, I've seen suggestions and recipes to
12476 use nss-updatedb to copy parts of the LDAP database locally when the
12477 LDAP database is available.  I have not tested such setup, because I
12478 discovered sssd.</p>
12479
12480 <h2>LDAP/Kerberos + sssd + libpam-mklocaluser</h2>
12481
12482 <p>A more flexible and robust setup than the nscd combination
12483 mentioned earlier that has shown up recently, is the
12484 <a href="https://fedorahosted.org/sssd/">sssd</a> package from Redhat.
12485 It is part of the <a href="http://www.freeipa.org/">FreeIPA</A> project
12486 to provide a Active Directory like directory service for Linux
12487 machines.  The sssd system combines the caching of passwords and user
12488 information into one package, and remove the need for nscd and
12489 libpam-ccreds.  It support LDAP and Kerberos, but not NIS.  Version
12490 1.2 do not support netgroups, but it is said that it will support this
12491 in version 1.5 expected to show up later in 2010.  Because the
12492 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd package</a>
12493 was missing in Debian, I ended up co-maintaining it with Werner, and
12494 version 1.2 is now in testing.
12495
12496 <p>These packages need to be installed and configured to get the
12497 roaming setup I want</p>
12498
12499 <blockquote><pre>
12500 libpam-sss libnss-sss libpam-mklocaluser
12501 </pre></blockquote>
12502
12503 The complete setup of sssd is done by editing/creating
12504 <tt>/etc/sssd/sssd.conf</tt>.
12505
12506 <blockquote><pre>
12507 [sssd]
12508 config_file_version = 2
12509 reconnection_retries = 3
12510 sbus_timeout = 30
12511 services = nss, pam
12512 domains = INTERN
12513
12514 [nss]
12515 filter_groups = root
12516 filter_users = root
12517 reconnection_retries = 3
12518
12519 [pam]
12520 reconnection_retries = 3
12521
12522 [domain/INTERN]
12523 enumerate = false
12524 cache_credentials = true
12525
12526 id_provider = ldap
12527 auth_provider = ldap
12528 chpass_provider = ldap
12529
12530 ldap_uri = ldap://ldap
12531 ldap_search_base = dc=skole,dc=skolelinux,dc=no
12532 ldap_tls_reqcert = never
12533 ldap_tls_cacert = /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt
12534 </pre></blockquote>
12535
12536 <p>I got the same problem here with certificate checking.  Had to set
12537 "ldap_tls_reqcert = never" to get it working.</p>
12538
12539 <p>With the libnss-sss package in testing at the moment, the
12540 nsswitch.conf file is update automatically, so there is no need to
12541 modify it manually.</p>
12542
12543 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12544 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12545
12546       </div>
12547       <div class="tags">
12548
12549
12550         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12551
12552
12553       </div>
12554     </div>
12555     <div class="padding"></div>
12556
12557     <div class="entry">
12558       <div class="title">
12559         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/LUMA__a_very_nice_LDAP_GUI.html">LUMA, a very nice LDAP GUI</a>
12560       </div>
12561       <div class="date">
12562         28th June 2010
12563       </div>
12564       <div class="body">
12565         <p>The last few days I have been looking into the status of the LDAP
12566 directory in Debian Edu, and in the process I started to miss a GUI
12567 tool to browse the LDAP tree.  The only one I was able to find in
12568 Debian/Squeeze and Lenny is
12569 <a href="http://luma.sourceforge.net/">LUMA</a>, which has proved to
12570 be a great tool to get a overview of the current LDAP directory
12571 populated by default in Skolelinux.  Thanks to it, I have been able to
12572 find empty and obsolete subtrees, misplaced objects and duplicate
12573 objects.  It will be installed by default in Debian/Squeeze.  If you
12574 are working with LDAP, give it a go. :)</p>
12575
12576 <p>I did notice one problem with it I have not had time to report to
12577 the BTS yet.  There is no .desktop file in the package, so the tool do
12578 not show up in the Gnome and KDE menus, but only deep down in in the
12579 Debian submenu in KDE.  I hope that can be fixed before Squeeze is
12580 released.</p>
12581
12582 <p>I have not yet been able to get it to modify the tree yet.  I would
12583 like to move objects and remove subtrees directly in the GUI, but have
12584 not found a way to do that with LUMA yet.  So in the mean time, I use
12585 <a href="http://www.lichteblau.com/ldapvi/">ldapvi</a> for that.</p>
12586
12587 <p>If you have tips on other GUI tools for LDAP that might be useful
12588 in Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12589
12590 <p>Update 2010-06-29: Ross Reedstrom tipped us about the
12591 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/g/gq.html">gq</a> package as a
12592 useful GUI alternative.  It seem like a good tool, but is unmaintained
12593 in Debian and got a RC bug keeping it out of Squeeze.  Unless that
12594 changes, it will not be an option for Debian Edu based on Squeeze.</p>
12595
12596       </div>
12597       <div class="tags">
12598
12599
12600         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12601
12602
12603       </div>
12604     </div>
12605     <div class="padding"></div>
12606
12607     <div class="entry">
12608       <div class="title">
12609         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_a_change_to_LDAP_schemas_allowing_DNS_and_DHCP_info_to_be_combined_into_one_object.html">Idea for a change to LDAP schemas allowing DNS and DHCP info to be combined into one object</a>
12610       </div>
12611       <div class="date">
12612         24th June 2010
12613       </div>
12614       <div class="body">
12615         <p>A while back, I
12616 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">complained
12617 about the fact</a> that it is not possible with the provided schemas
12618 for storing DNS and DHCP information in LDAP to combine the two sets
12619 of information into one LDAP object representing a computer.</p>
12620
12621 <p>In the mean time, I discovered that a simple fix would be to make
12622 the dhcpHost object class auxiliary, to allow it to be combined with
12623 the dNSDomain object class, and thus forming one object for one
12624 computer when storing both DHCP and DNS information in LDAP.</p>
12625
12626 <p>If I understand this correctly, it is not safe to do this change
12627 without also changing the assigned number for the object class, and I
12628 do not know enough about LDAP schema design to do that properly for
12629 Debian Edu.</p>
12630
12631 <p>Anyway, for future reference, this is how I believe we could change
12632 the
12633 <a href="http://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dhc-ldap-schema-00">DHCP
12634 schema</a> to solve at least part of the problem with the LDAP schemas
12635 available today from IETF.</p>
12636
12637 <pre>
12638 --- dhcp.schema    (revision 65192)
12639 +++ dhcp.schema    (working copy)
12640 @@ -376,7 +376,7 @@
12641  objectclass ( 2.16.840.1.113719.1.203.6.6
12642         NAME 'dhcpHost'
12643         DESC 'This represents information about a particular client'
12644 -       SUP top
12645 +       SUP top AUXILIARY
12646         MUST cn
12647         MAY  (dhcpLeaseDN $ dhcpHWAddress $ dhcpOptionsDN $ dhcpStatements $ dhcpComments $ dhcpOption)
12648         X-NDS_CONTAINMENT ('dhcpService' 'dhcpSubnet' 'dhcpGroup') )
12649 </pre>
12650
12651 <p>I very much welcome clues on how to do this properly for Debian
12652 Edu/Squeeze.  We provide the DHCP schema in our debian-edu-config
12653 package, and should thus be free to rewrite it as we see fit.</p>
12654
12655 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
12656 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
12657
12658       </div>
12659       <div class="tags">
12660
12661
12662         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
12663
12664
12665       </div>
12666     </div>
12667     <div class="padding"></div>
12668
12669     <div class="entry">
12670       <div class="title">
12671         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Lenny__Squeeze_upgrades__removals_by_apt_and_aptitude.html">Lenny->Squeeze upgrades, removals by apt and aptitude</a>
12672       </div>
12673       <div class="date">
12674         13th June 2010
12675       </div>
12676       <div class="body">
12677         <p>My
12678 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">testing
12679 of Debian upgrades</a> from Lenny to Squeeze continues, and I've
12680 finally made the upgrade logs available from
12681 <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/debian-upgrade-testing/</a>.
12682 I am now testing dist-upgrade of Gnome and KDE in a chroot using both
12683 apt and aptitude, and found their differences interesting.  This time
12684 I will only focus on their removal plans.</p>
12685
12686 <p>After installing a Gnome desktop and the laptop task, apt-get wants
12687 to remove 72 packages when dist-upgrading from Lenny to Squeeze.  The
12688 surprising part is that it want to remove xorg and all
12689 xserver-xorg-video* drivers.  Clearly not a good choice, but I am not
12690 sure why.  When asking aptitude to do the same, it want to remove 129
12691 packages, but most of them are library packages I suspect are no
12692 longer needed.  Both of them want to remove bluetooth packages, which
12693 I do not know.  Perhaps these bluetooth packages are obsolete?</p>
12694
12695 <p>For KDE, apt-get want to remove 82 packages, among them kdebase
12696 which seem like a bad idea and xorg the same way as with Gnome. Asking
12697 aptitude for the same, it wants to remove 192 packages, none which are
12698 too surprising.</p>
12699
12700 <p>I guess the removal of xorg during upgrades should be investigated
12701 and avoided, and perhaps others as well.  Here are the complete list
12702 of planned removals.  The complete logs is available from the URL
12703 above.  Note if you want to repeat these tests, that the upgrade test
12704 for kde+apt-get hung in the tasksel setup because of dpkg asking
12705 conffile questions.  No idea why.  I worked around it by using
12706 '<tt>echo >> /proc/<em>pidofdpkg</em>/fd/0</tt>' to tell dpkg to
12707 continue.</p>
12708
12709 <p><b>apt-get gnome 72</b>
12710 <br>bluez-gnome cupsddk-drivers deskbar-applet gnome
12711   gnome-desktop-environment gnome-network-admin gtkhtml3.14
12712   iceweasel-gnome-support libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libgdl-1-0
12713   libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libmetacity0 libslab0 libxcb-xlib0
12714   nautilus-cd-burner python-gnome2-desktop python-gnome2-extras
12715   serpentine swfdec-mozilla update-manager xorg xserver-xorg
12716   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12717   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12718   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
12719   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
12720   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
12721   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
12722   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12723   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12724   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12725   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12726   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12727   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
12728   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
12729   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
12730   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
12731   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
12732   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
12733   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
12734   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
12735   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
12736   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
12737   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9
12738   xulrunner-1.9-gnome-support</p>
12739
12740 <p><b>aptitude gnome 129</b>
12741
12742 <br>bluez-gnome bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers dhcdbd
12743   djvulibre-desktop finger gnome-app-install gnome-mount
12744   gnome-network-admin gnome-spell gnome-vfs-obexftp
12745   gnome-volume-manager gstreamer0.10-gnomevfs gtkhtml3.14 libao2
12746   libavahi-compat-libdnssd1 libavahi-core5 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
12747   libcamel1.2-11 libcdio7 libcucul0 libcupsys2 libcurl3 libdatrie0
12748   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdvdread3 libedataserver1.2-9 libeel2-2.20
12749   libeel2-data libepc-1.0-1 libepc-ui-1.0-1 libfaad0 libgail-common
12750   libgd2-noxpm libgda3-3 libgda3-common libgdl-1-0 libgdl-1-common
12751   libggz2 libggzcore9 libggzmod4 libgksu1.2-0 libgksuui1.0-1 libgmyth0
12752   libgnomecups1.0-1 libgnomekbd2 libgnomekbdui2 libgnomeprint2.2-0
12753   libgnomeprint2.2-data libgnomeprintui2.2-0 libgnomeprintui2.2-common
12754   libgnomevfs2-bin libgpod3 libgraphviz4 libgtkhtml2-0
12755   libgtksourceview-common libgtksourceview1.0-0 libgucharmap6
12756   libhesiod0 libicu38 libiw29 libkpathsea4 libltdl3 libmagick++10
12757   libmagick10 libmalaga7 libmetacity0 libmtp7 libmysqlclient15off
12758   libnautilus-burn4 libneon27 libnm-glib0 libnm-util0 libopal-2.2
12759   libosp5 libparted1.8-10 libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler3 libpt-1.10.10
12760   libpt-1.10.10-plugins-alsa libpt-1.10.10-plugins-v4l libraw1394-8
12761   libsensors3 libslab0 libsmbios2 libsoup2.2-8 libssh2-1
12762   libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libswfdec-0.6-90 libtalloc1 libtotem-plparser10
12763   libtrackerclient0 libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0
12764   libxerces2-java libxerces2-java-gcj libxklavier12 libxtrap6
12765   libxxf86misc1 libzephyr3 mysql-common nautilus-cd-burner
12766   openoffice.org-writer2latex openssl-blacklist p7zip
12767   python-4suite-xml python-eggtrayicon python-gnome2-desktop
12768   python-gnome2-extras python-gtkhtml2 python-gtkmozembed
12769   python-numeric python-sexy serpentine svgalibg1 swfdec-gnome
12770   swfdec-mozilla totem-gstreamer update-manager wodim
12771   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12772   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
12773   zip</p>
12774
12775 <p><b>apt-get kde 82</b>
12776
12777 <br>cupsddk-drivers karm kaudiocreator kcoloredit kcontrol kde kde-core
12778   kdeaddons kdeartwork kdebase kdebase-bin kdebase-bin-kde3
12779   kdebase-kio-plugins kdesktop kdeutils khelpcenter kicker
12780   kicker-applets knewsticker kolourpaint konq-plugins konqueror korn
12781   kpersonalizer kscreensaver ksplash libavcodec51 libdatrie0 libkiten1
12782   libxcb-xlib0 quanta superkaramba texlive-base-bin xorg xserver-xorg
12783   xserver-xorg-core xserver-xorg-input-all xserver-xorg-input-evdev
12784   xserver-xorg-input-kbd xserver-xorg-input-mouse
12785   xserver-xorg-input-synaptics xserver-xorg-input-wacom
12786   xserver-xorg-video-all xserver-xorg-video-apm xserver-xorg-video-ark
12787   xserver-xorg-video-ati xserver-xorg-video-chips
12788   xserver-xorg-video-cirrus xserver-xorg-video-cyrix
12789   xserver-xorg-video-dummy xserver-xorg-video-fbdev
12790   xserver-xorg-video-glint xserver-xorg-video-i128
12791   xserver-xorg-video-i740 xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12792   xserver-xorg-video-intel xserver-xorg-video-mach64
12793   xserver-xorg-video-mga xserver-xorg-video-neomagic
12794   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-nv
12795   xserver-xorg-video-openchrome xserver-xorg-video-r128
12796   xserver-xorg-video-radeon xserver-xorg-video-radeonhd
12797   xserver-xorg-video-rendition xserver-xorg-video-s3
12798   xserver-xorg-video-s3virge xserver-xorg-video-savage
12799   xserver-xorg-video-siliconmotion xserver-xorg-video-sis
12800   xserver-xorg-video-sisusb xserver-xorg-video-tdfx
12801   xserver-xorg-video-tga xserver-xorg-video-trident
12802   xserver-xorg-video-tseng xserver-xorg-video-v4l
12803   xserver-xorg-video-vesa xserver-xorg-video-vga
12804   xserver-xorg-video-vmware xserver-xorg-video-voodoo xulrunner-1.9</p>
12805
12806 <p><b>aptitude kde 192</b>
12807 <br>bluez-utils cpp-4.3 cupsddk-drivers cvs dcoprss dhcdbd
12808   djvulibre-desktop dosfstools eyesapplet fifteenapplet finger gettext
12809   ghostscript-x imlib-base imlib11 indi kandy karm kasteroids
12810   kaudiocreator kbackgammon kbstate kcoloredit kcontrol kcron kdat
12811   kdeadmin-kfile-plugins kdeartwork-misc kdeartwork-theme-window
12812   kdebase-bin-kde3 kdebase-kio-plugins kdeedu-data
12813   kdegraphics-kfile-plugins kdelirc kdemultimedia-kappfinder-data
12814   kdemultimedia-kfile-plugins kdenetwork-kfile-plugins
12815   kdepim-kfile-plugins kdepim-kio-plugins kdeprint kdesktop kdessh
12816   kdict kdnssd kdvi kedit keduca kenolaba kfax kfaxview kfouleggs
12817   kghostview khelpcenter khexedit kiconedit kitchensync klatin
12818   klickety kmailcvt kmenuedit kmid kmilo kmoon kmrml kodo kolourpaint
12819   kooka korn kpager kpdf kpercentage kpf kpilot kpoker kpovmodeler
12820   krec kregexpeditor ksayit ksim ksirc ksirtet ksmiletris ksmserver
12821   ksnake ksokoban ksplash ksvg ksysv ktip ktnef kuickshow kverbos
12822   kview kviewshell kvoctrain kwifimanager kwin kwin4 kworldclock
12823   kxsldbg libakode2 libao2 libarts1-akode libarts1-audiofile
12824   libarts1-mpeglib libarts1-xine libavahi-compat-libdnssd1
12825   libavahi-core5 libavc1394-0 libavcodec51 libbluetooth2
12826   libboost-python1.34.1 libcucul0 libcurl3 libcvsservice0 libdatrie0
12827   libdirectfb-1.0-0 libdjvulibre21 libdvdread3 libfaad0 libfreebob0
12828   libgail-common libgd2-noxpm libgraphviz4 libgsmme1c2a libgtkhtml2-0
12829   libicu38 libiec61883-0 libindex0 libiw29 libk3b3 libkcal2b libkcddb1
12830   libkdeedu3 libkdepim1a libkgantt0 libkiten1 libkleopatra1 libkmime2
12831   libkpathsea4 libkpimexchange1 libkpimidentities1 libkscan1
12832   libksieve0 libktnef1 liblockdev1 libltdl3 libmagick10 libmimelib1c2a
12833   libmozjs1d libmpcdec3 libneon27 libnm-util0 libopensync0 libpisock9
12834   libpoppler-glib3 libpoppler-qt2 libpoppler3 libraw1394-8 libsmbios2
12835   libssh2-1 libsuitesparse-3.1.0 libtalloc1 libtiff-tools
12836   libxalan2-java libxalan2-java-gcj libxcb-xlib0 libxerces2-java
12837   libxerces2-java-gcj libxtrap6 mpeglib networkstatus
12838   openoffice.org-writer2latex pmount poster psutils quanta quanta-data
12839   superkaramba svgalibg1 tex-common texlive-base texlive-base-bin
12840   texlive-common texlive-doc-base texlive-fonts-recommended
12841   xserver-xorg-video-cyrix xserver-xorg-video-imstt
12842   xserver-xorg-video-nsc xserver-xorg-video-v4l xserver-xorg-video-vga
12843   xulrunner-1.9</p>
12844
12845
12846       </div>
12847       <div class="tags">
12848
12849
12850         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12851
12852
12853       </div>
12854     </div>
12855     <div class="padding"></div>
12856
12857     <div class="entry">
12858       <div class="title">
12859         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_upgrade_testing_from_Lenny_to_Squeeze.html">Automatic upgrade testing from Lenny to Squeeze</a>
12860       </div>
12861       <div class="date">
12862         11th June 2010
12863       </div>
12864       <div class="body">
12865         <p>The last few days I have done some upgrade testing in Debian, to
12866 see if the upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze will go smoothly.  A few bugs
12867 have been discovered and reported in the process
12868 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/585410">#585410</a> in nagios3-cgi,
12869 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584879">#584879</a> already fixed in
12870 enscript and <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/584861">#584861</a> in
12871 kdebase-workspace-data), and to get a more regular testing going on, I
12872 am working on a script to automate the test.</p>
12873
12874 <p>The idea is to create a Lenny chroot and use tasksel to install a
12875 Gnome or KDE desktop installation inside the chroot before upgrading
12876 it.  To ensure no services are started in the chroot, a policy-rc.d
12877 script is inserted.  To make sure tasksel believe it is to install a
12878 desktop on a laptop, the tasksel tests are replaced in the chroot
12879 (only acceptable because this is a throw-away chroot).</p>
12880
12881 <p>A naive upgrade from Lenny to Squeeze using aptitude dist-upgrade
12882 currently always fail because udev refuses to upgrade with the kernel
12883 in Lenny, so to avoid that problem the file /etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
12884 is created.  The bug report
12885 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566000">#566000</a> make me suspect
12886 this problem do not trigger in a chroot, but I touch the file anyway
12887 to make sure the upgrade go well.  Testing on virtual and real
12888 hardware have failed me because of udev so far, and creating this file
12889 do the trick in such settings anyway.  This is a
12890 <a href="http://www.linuxquestions.org/questions/debian-26/failed-dist-upgrade-due-to-udev-config_sysfs_deprecated-nonsense-804130/">known
12891 issue</a> and the current udev behaviour is intended by the udev
12892 maintainer because he lack the resources to rewrite udev to keep
12893 working with old kernels or something like that.  I really wish the
12894 udev upstream would keep udev backwards compatible, to avoid such
12895 upgrade problem, but given that they fail to do so, I guess
12896 documenting the way out of this mess is the best option we got for
12897 Debian Squeeze.</p>
12898
12899 <p>Anyway, back to the task at hand, testing upgrades.  This test
12900 script, which I call <tt>upgrade-test</tt> for now, is doing the
12901 trick:</p>
12902
12903 <blockquote><pre>
12904 #!/bin/sh
12905 set -ex
12906
12907 if [ "$1" ] ; then
12908     desktop=$1
12909 else
12910     desktop=gnome
12911 fi
12912
12913 from=lenny
12914 to=squeeze
12915
12916 exec &lt; /dev/null
12917 unset LANG
12918 mirror=http://ftp.skolelinux.org/debian
12919 tmpdir=chroot-$from-upgrade-$to-$desktop
12920 fuser -mv .
12921 debootstrap $from $tmpdir $mirror
12922 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
12923 cat > $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d &lt;&lt;EOF
12924 #!/bin/sh
12925 exit 101
12926 EOF
12927 chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/sbin/policy-rc.d
12928 exit_cleanup() {
12929     umount $tmpdir/proc
12930 }
12931 mount -t proc proc $tmpdir/proc
12932 # Make sure proc is unmounted also on failure
12933 trap exit_cleanup EXIT INT
12934
12935 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y install debconf-utils
12936
12937 # Make sure tasksel autoselection trigger.  It need the test scripts
12938 # to return the correct answers.
12939 echo tasksel tasksel/desktop multiselect $desktop | \
12940     chroot $tmpdir debconf-set-selections
12941
12942 # Include the desktop and laptop task
12943 for test in desktop laptop ; do
12944     echo > $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test &lt;&lt;EOF
12945 #!/bin/sh
12946 exit 2
12947 EOF
12948     chmod a+rx $tmpdir/usr/lib/tasksel/tests/$test
12949 done
12950
12951 DEBIAN_FRONTEND=noninteractive
12952 DEBIAN_PRIORITY=critical
12953 export DEBIAN_FRONTEND DEBIAN_PRIORITY
12954 chroot $tmpdir tasksel --new-install
12955
12956 echo deb $mirror $to main > $tmpdir/etc/apt/sources.list
12957 chroot $tmpdir aptitude update
12958 touch $tmpdir/etc/udev/kernel-upgrade
12959 chroot $tmpdir aptitude -y dist-upgrade
12960 fuser -mv
12961 </pre></blockquote>
12962
12963 <p>I suspect it would be useful to test upgrades with both apt-get and
12964 with aptitude, but I have not had time to look at how they behave
12965 differently so far.  I hope to get a cron job running to do the test
12966 regularly and post the result on the web.  The Gnome upgrade currently
12967 work, while the KDE upgrade fail because of the bug in
12968 kdebase-workspace-data</p>
12969
12970 <p>I am not quite sure what kind of extract from the huge upgrade logs
12971 (KDE 167 KiB, Gnome 516 KiB) it make sense to include in this blog
12972 post, so I will refrain from trying.  I can report that for Gnome,
12973 aptitude report 760 packages upgraded, 448 newly installed, 129 to
12974 remove and 1 not upgraded and 1024MB need to be downloaded while for
12975 KDE the same numbers are 702 packages upgraded, 507 newly installed,
12976 193 to remove and 0 not upgraded and 1117MB need to be downloaded</p>
12977
12978 <p>I am very happy to notice that the Gnome desktop + laptop upgrade
12979 is able to migrate to dependency based boot sequencing and parallel
12980 booting without a hitch.  Was unsure if there were still bugs with
12981 packages failing to clean up their obsolete init.d script during
12982 upgrades, and no such problem seem to affect the Gnome desktop+laptop
12983 packages.</p>
12984
12985       </div>
12986       <div class="tags">
12987
12988
12989         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
12990
12991
12992       </div>
12993     </div>
12994     <div class="padding"></div>
12995
12996     <div class="entry">
12997       <div class="title">
12998         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Skolelinux_er_laget_for_sentraldrifting__naturligvis.html">Skolelinux er laget for sentraldrifting, naturligvis</a>
12999       </div>
13000       <div class="date">
13001          9th June 2010
13002       </div>
13003       <div class="body">
13004         <p>Det er merkelig hvordan myter om Skolelinux overlever.  En slik
13005 myte er at Skolelinux ikke kan sentraldriftes og ha sentralt plasserte
13006 tjenermaskiner.  I siste Computerworld Norge er
13007 <a href="http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article169432.ece">IT-sjef
13008 Viggo Billdal i Steinkjer intervjuet</a>, og forteller uten
13009 blygsel:</p>
13010
13011 <blockquote><p>Vi hadde Skolelinux, men det har vi sluttet med. Vi testet
13012 om det lønte seg med Microsoft eller en åpen plattform. Vi fant ut at
13013 Microsoft egentlig var totalt sett bedre egnet. Det var store
13014 driftskostnader med Skolelinux, blant annet på grunn av
13015 desentraliserte servere. Det var komplisert, så vi gikk vekk fra det
13016 og bruker nå bare Windows.</p></blockquote>
13017
13018 <p>En <a
13019 href="https://init.linpro.no/pipermail/skolelinux.no/bruker/2010-June/009101.html">rask
13020 sjekk</a> mot den norske brukerlista i Skolelinuxprosjektet forteller
13021 at Steinkjers forsøk foregikk fram til 2004/2005, og at Røysing skole
13022 i Steinkjer skal ha vært svært fornøyd med Skolelinux men at kommunen
13023 overkjørte skolen og krevde at de gikk over til Windows.  Et søk på
13024 nettet sendte meg til
13025 <a href="http://www.dn.no/multimedia/archive/00090/Dagens_it_nr__18_90826a.pdf">Dagens
13026 IT nr. 18 2005</a> hvor en kan lese på side 18:</p>
13027
13028 <blockquote><p>Inge Tømmerås ved Røysing skole i Steinkjer kjører ennå
13029 Microsoft, men forteller at kompetanseutfordringen med Skolelinux ikke
13030 var så stor.   Jeg syntes Skolelinux var utrolig lett å drifte uten
13031 forkunnskaper. Men man må jo selvsagt ha tilgang på ekstern kompetanse
13032 til installasjoner og maskinvarefeil, sier Tømmerås.</p></blockquote>
13033
13034 <p>Som systemarkitekten bak Skolelinux, kan jeg bare riste på hodet
13035 over påstanden om at Skolelinux krever desentraliserte tjenere.
13036 Skolelinux-arkitekturen er laget for sentralisert drift og plassering
13037 av tjenerne lokalt eller sentralt alt etter behov og nettkapasitet.
13038 Den er modellert på nettverks- og tjenerløsningen som brukes på
13039 Universitetet i Tromsø og Oslo, der jeg jobber med utvikling av
13040 driftstjenester.  Dette er det heldigvis noen som har fått med seg, og
13041 jeg er glad for å kunne sitere fra en kommentar på den overnevnte
13042 artikkelen.  Min venn og gamle kollega Sturle Sunde forteller der:
13043
13044 <blockquote>
13045 <p>I Flora kommune køyrer vi Skulelinux på skular med alt frå 15 til
13046 meir enn 500 elevar. Dei store skulane har eigen tenar, for det er
13047 mest praktisk. Eg, som er driftsansvarleg for heile nettet, ser
13048 sjeldan dei tenarane fysisk, men at dei står der gjer skulane mindre
13049 avhengige av eksterne linjer som er trege eller dyre. Dei minste
13050 skulane har ikkje eigen tenar. Å bruke sentral tenar er heller ikkje
13051 noko problem. Småskulane klarar seg fint med 1 mbit-linje til ein
13052 sentral tenar eller tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13053
13054 <p>Det beste med Skulelinux er halvtjukke klientar. Dei treng ikkje
13055 harddisk og brukar minimalt med ressursar på tenaren fordi dei køyrer
13056 programma lokalt. Eit klasserom med 30 sju-åtte år gamle maskiner har
13057 mykje meir CPU og RAM totalt enn nokon moderne tenar til under
13058 millionen. Det trengst to kommandoar på den sentrale tenaren for å
13059 oppdatere alle klientane, både tynne og halvtjukke. Vi har ingen
13060 problem med diskar som ryk heller, som var eit problem før fordi
13061 elevane sat og sparka i maskinene. Og dei krev lite bandbreidde i
13062 nettet, so det er fullt mogleg å køyre slike på småskular med trege
13063 linjer mot tenaren på ein større skule.</p>
13064
13065 <p>Flora kommune har nesten 800 Linux-maskiner i sitt skulenett, og
13066 ein person som tek seg av drift av heile nettet, inkludert tenarar,
13067 klientar, operativsystem, programvare, heimekontorløysing og
13068 administrasjon av brukarar.</p>
13069
13070 <p>No skal det seiast at vi ikkje køyrer rein Skulelinux ut av
13071 boksen. Vi har gjort ein del tilpassingar mot noko Novell-greier som
13072 var der frå før, og som har komplisert installasjonen vår. Etter at
13073 oppsettet var gjort har løysinga vore stabil og kravd minimalt med
13074 arbeid.</p>
13075 </blockquote>
13076
13077 <p>Jeg vet at Narvik, Harstad og Oslo er kommuner der Skolelinux
13078 sentraldriftes med sentrale tjenere.  Det forteller meg at Steinkjers
13079 IT-sjef neppe bør skylde på Skolelinux-løsningen for sine 5 år gamle
13080 minner.</p>
13081
13082       </div>
13083       <div class="tags">
13084
13085
13086         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13087
13088
13089       </div>
13090     </div>
13091     <div class="padding"></div>
13092
13093     <div class="entry">
13094       <div class="title">
13095         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html">A manual for standards wars...</a>
13096       </div>
13097       <div class="date">
13098          6th June 2010
13099       </div>
13100       <div class="body">
13101         <p>Via the
13102 <a href="http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html">blog
13103 of Rob Weir</a> I came across the very interesting essay named
13104 <a href="http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf">The Art of
13105 Standards Wars</a> (PDF 25 pages).  I recommend it for everyone
13106 following the standards wars of today.</p>
13107
13108       </div>
13109       <div class="tags">
13110
13111
13112         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard</a>.
13113
13114
13115       </div>
13116     </div>
13117     <div class="padding"></div>
13118
13119     <div class="entry">
13120       <div class="title">
13121         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_computer_hardware_models_used_at_site.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing computer hardware models used at site</a>
13122       </div>
13123       <div class="date">
13124          3rd June 2010
13125       </div>
13126       <div class="body">
13127         <p>When using sitesummary at a site to track machines, it is possible
13128 to get a list of the machine types in use thanks to the DMI
13129 information extracted from each machine.  The script to do so is
13130 included in the sitesummary package, and here is example output from
13131 the Skolelinux build servers:</p>
13132
13133 <blockquote><pre>
13134 maintainer:~# /usr/lib/sitesummary/hardware-model-summary
13135   vendor                    count
13136   Dell Computer Corporation     1
13137     PowerEdge 1750              1
13138   IBM                           1
13139     eserver xSeries 345 -[8670M1X]-     1
13140   Intel                         2
13141   [no-dmi-info]                 3
13142 maintainer:~#
13143 </pre></blockquote>
13144
13145 <p>The quality of the report depend on the quality of the DMI tables
13146 provided in each machine.  Here there are Intel machines without model
13147 information listed with Intel as vendor and no model, and virtual Xen
13148 machines listed as [no-dmi-info].  One can add -l as a command line
13149 option to list the individual machines.</p>
13150
13151 <p>A larger list is
13152 <a href="http://narvikskolen.no/sitesummary/">available from the the
13153 city of Narvik</a>, which uses Skolelinux on all their shools and also
13154 provide the basic sitesummary report publicly.  In their report there
13155 are ~1400 machines. I know they use both Ubuntu and Skolelinux on
13156 their machines, and as sitesummary is available in both distributions,
13157 it is trivial to get all of them to report to the same central
13158 collector.</p>
13159
13160       </div>
13161       <div class="tags">
13162
13163
13164         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13165
13166
13167       </div>
13168     </div>
13169     <div class="padding"></div>
13170
13171     <div class="entry">
13172       <div class="title">
13173         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/KDM_fail_at_boot_with_NVidia_cards___and_no_one_try_to_fix_it_.html">KDM fail at boot with NVidia cards - and no one try to fix it?</a>
13174       </div>
13175       <div class="date">
13176          1st June 2010
13177       </div>
13178       <div class="body">
13179         <p>It is strange to watch how a bug in Debian causing KDM to fail to
13180 start at boot when an NVidia video card is used is handled.  The
13181 problem seem to be that the nvidia X.org driver uses a long time to
13182 initialize, and this duration is longer than kdm is configured to
13183 wait.</p>
13184
13185 <p>I came across two bugs related to this issue,
13186 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">#583312</a> initially filed
13187 against initscripts and passed on to nvidia-glx when it became obvious
13188 that the nvidia drivers were involved, and
13189 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/524751">#524751</a> initially filed against
13190 kdm and passed on to src:nvidia-graphics-drivers for unknown reasons.</p>
13191
13192 <p>To me, it seem that no-one is interested in actually solving the
13193 problem nvidia video card owners experience and make sure the Debian
13194 distribution work out of the box for these users.  The nvidia driver
13195 maintainers expect kdm to be set up to wait longer, while kdm expect
13196 the nvidia driver maintainers to fix the driver to start faster, and
13197 while they wait for each other I guess the users end up switching to a
13198 distribution that work for them.  I have no idea what the solution is,
13199 but I am pretty sure that waiting for each other is not it.</p>
13200
13201 <p>I wonder why we end up handling bugs this way.</p>
13202
13203       </div>
13204       <div class="tags">
13205
13206
13207         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13208
13209
13210       </div>
13211     </div>
13212     <div class="padding"></div>
13213
13214     <div class="entry">
13215       <div class="title">
13216         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_seem_to_hold_up_well_in_Debian_testing.html">Parallellized boot seem to hold up well in Debian/testing</a>
13217       </div>
13218       <div class="date">
13219         27th May 2010
13220       </div>
13221       <div class="body">
13222         <p>A few days ago, parallel booting was enabled in Debian/testing.
13223 The feature seem to hold up pretty well, but three fairly serious
13224 issues are known and should be solved:
13225
13226 <p><ul>
13227
13228 <li>The wicd package seen to
13229 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/508289">break NFS mounting</a> and
13230 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/581586">network setup</a> when
13231 parallel booting is enabled.  No idea why, but the wicd maintainer
13232 seem to be on the case.</li>
13233
13234 <li>The nvidia X driver seem to
13235 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/583312">have a race condition</a>
13236 triggered more easily when parallel booting is in effect.  The
13237 maintainer is on the case.</li>
13238
13239 <li>The sysv-rc package fail to properly enable dependency based boot
13240 sequencing (the shutdown is broken) when old file-rc users
13241 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/575080">try to switch back</a> to
13242 sysv-rc.  One way to solve it would be for file-rc to create
13243 /etc/init.d/.legacy-bootordering, and another is to try to make
13244 sysv-rc more robust.  Will investigate some more and probably upload a
13245 workaround in sysv-rc to help those trying to move from file-rc to
13246 sysv-rc get a working shutdown.</li>
13247
13248 </ul></p>
13249
13250 <p>All in all not many surprising issues, and all of them seem
13251 solvable before Squeeze is released.  In addition to these there are
13252 some packages with bugs in their dependencies and run level settings,
13253 which I expect will be fixed in a reasonable time span.</p>
13254
13255 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13256 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13257 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13258 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13259
13260 <p>Update: Correct bug number to file-rc issue.</p>
13261
13262       </div>
13263       <div class="tags">
13264
13265
13266         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13267
13268
13269       </div>
13270     </div>
13271     <div class="padding"></div>
13272
13273     <div class="entry">
13274       <div class="title">
13275         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/More_flexible_firmware_handling_in_debian_installer.html">More flexible firmware handling in debian-installer</a>
13276       </div>
13277       <div class="date">
13278         22nd May 2010
13279       </div>
13280       <div class="body">
13281         <p>After a long break from debian-installer development, I finally
13282 found time today to return to the project.  Having to spend less time
13283 working dependency based boot in debian, as it is almost complete now,
13284 definitely helped freeing some time.</p>
13285
13286 <p>A while back, I ran into a problem while working on Debian Edu.  We
13287 include some firmware packages on the Debian Edu CDs, those needed to
13288 get disk and network controllers working.  Without having these
13289 firmware packages available during installation, it is impossible to
13290 install Debian Edu on the given machine, and because our target group
13291 are non-technical people, asking them to provide firmware packages on
13292 an external medium is a support pain.  Initially, I expected it to be
13293 enough to include the firmware packages on the CD to get
13294 debian-installer to find and use them.  This proved to be wrong.
13295 Next, I hoped it was enough to symlink the relevant firmware packages
13296 to some useful location on the CD (tried /cdrom/ and
13297 /cdrom/firmware/).  This also proved to not work, and at this point I
13298 found time to look at the debian-installer code to figure out what was
13299 going to work.</p>
13300
13301 <p>The firmware loading code is in the hw-detect package, and a closer
13302 look revealed that it would only look for firmware packages outside
13303 the installation media, so the CD was never checked for firmware
13304 packages.  It would only check USB sticks, floppies and other
13305 "external" media devices.  Today I changed it to also look in the
13306 /cdrom/firmware/ directory on the mounted CD or DVD, which should
13307 solve the problem I ran into with Debian edu.  I also changed it to
13308 look in /firmware/, to make sure the installer also find firmware
13309 provided in the initrd when booting the installer via PXE, to allow us
13310 to provide the same feature in the PXE setup included in Debian
13311 Edu.</p>
13312
13313 <p>To make sure firmware deb packages with a license questions are not
13314 activated without asking if the license is accepted, I extended
13315 hw-detect to look for preinst scripts in the firmware packages, and
13316 run these before activating the firmware during installation.  The
13317 license question is asked using debconf in the preinst, so this should
13318 solve the issue for the firmware packages I have looked at so far.</p>
13319
13320 <p>If you want to discuss the details of these features, please
13321 contact us on debian-boot@lists.debian.org.</p>
13322
13323       </div>
13324       <div class="tags">
13325
13326
13327         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13328
13329
13330       </div>
13331     </div>
13332     <div class="padding"></div>
13333
13334     <div class="entry">
13335       <div class="title">
13336         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Pieces_of_the_roaming_laptop_puzzle_in_Debian.html">Pieces of the roaming laptop puzzle in Debian</a>
13337       </div>
13338       <div class="date">
13339         19th May 2010
13340       </div>
13341       <div class="body">
13342         <p>Today, the last piece of the puzzle for roaming laptops in Debian
13343 Edu finally entered the Debian archive.  Today, the new
13344 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-mklocaluser.html">libpam-mklocaluser</a>
13345 package was accepted.  Two days ago, two other pieces was accepted
13346 into unstable.  The
13347 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/p/pam-python.html">pam-python</a>
13348 package needed by libpam-mklocaluser, and the
13349 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/s/sssd.html">sssd</a> package
13350 passed NEW on Monday.  In addition, the
13351 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/libp/libpam-ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
13352 package we need is in experimental (version 10-4) since Saturday, and
13353 hopefully will be moved to unstable soon.</p>
13354
13355 <p>This collection of packages allow for two different setups for
13356 roaming laptops.  The traditional setup would be using libpam-ccreds,
13357 nscd and libpam-mklocaluser with LDAP or Kerberos authentication,
13358 which should work out of the box if the configuration changes proposed
13359 for nscd in <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/485282">BTS report
13360 #485282</a> is implemented.  The alternative setup is to use sssd with
13361 libpam-mklocaluser to connect to LDAP or Kerberos and let sssd take
13362 care of the caching of passwords and group information.</p>
13363
13364 <p>I have so far been unable to get sssd to work with the LDAP server
13365 at the University, but suspect the issue is some SSL/GnuTLS related
13366 problem with the server certificate.  I plan to update the Debian
13367 package to version 1.2, which is scheduled for next week, and hope to
13368 find time to make sure the next release will include both the
13369 Debian/Ubuntu specific patches.  Upstream is friendly and responsive,
13370 and I am sure we will find a good solution.</p>
13371
13372 <p>The idea is to set up the roaming laptops to authenticate using
13373 LDAP or Kerberos and create a local user with home directory in /home/
13374 when a usre in LDAP logs in via KDM or GDM for the first time, and
13375 cache the password for offline checking, as well as caching group
13376 memberhips and other relevant LDAP information.  The
13377 libpam-mklocaluser package was created to make sure the local home
13378 directory is in /home/, instead of /site/server/directory/ which would
13379 be the home directory if pam_mkhomedir was used.  To avoid confusion
13380 with support requests and configuration, we do not want local laptops
13381 to have users in a path that is used for the same users home directory
13382 on the home directory servers.</p>
13383
13384 <p>One annoying problem with gdm is that it do not show the PAM
13385 message passed to the user from libpam-mklocaluser when the local user
13386 is created.  Instead gdm simply reject the login with some generic
13387 message.  The message is shown in kdm, ssh and login, so I guess it is
13388 a bug in gdm.  Have not investigated if there is some other message
13389 type that can be used instead to get gdm to also show the message.</p>
13390
13391 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13392 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13393
13394       </div>
13395       <div class="tags">
13396
13397
13398         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13399
13400
13401       </div>
13402     </div>
13403     <div class="padding"></div>
13404
13405     <div class="entry">
13406       <div class="title">
13407         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Parallellized_boot_is_now_the_default_in_Debian_unstable.html">Parallellized boot is now the default in Debian/unstable</a>
13408       </div>
13409       <div class="date">
13410         14th May 2010
13411       </div>
13412       <div class="body">
13413         <p>Since this evening, parallel booting is the default in
13414 Debian/unstable for machines using dependency based boot sequencing.
13415 Apparently the testing of concurrent booting has been wider than
13416 expected, if I am to believe the
13417 <a href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-devel/2010/05/msg00122.html">input
13418 on debian-devel@</a>, and I concluded a few days ago to move forward
13419 with the feature this weekend, to give us some time to detect any
13420 remaining problems before Squeeze is frozen.  If serious problems are
13421 detected, it is simple to change the default back to sequential boot.
13422 The upload of the new sysvinit package also activate a new upstream
13423 version.</p>
13424
13425 More information about
13426 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/LSBInitScripts/DependencyBasedBoot">dependency
13427 based boot sequencing</a> is available from the Debian wiki.  It is
13428 currently possible to disable parallel booting when one run into
13429 problems caused by it, by adding this line to /etc/default/rcS:</p>
13430
13431 <blockquote><pre>
13432 CONCURRENCY=none
13433 </pre></blockquote>
13434
13435 <p>If you report any problems with dependencies in init.d scripts to
13436 the BTS, please usertag the report to get it to show up at
13437 <a href="http://bugs.debian.org/cgi-bin/pkgreport.cgi?users=initscripts-ng-devel@lists.alioth.debian.org">the
13438 list of usertagged bugs related to this</a>.</p>
13439
13440       </div>
13441       <div class="tags">
13442
13443
13444         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>.
13445
13446
13447       </div>
13448     </div>
13449     <div class="padding"></div>
13450
13451     <div class="entry">
13452       <div class="title">
13453         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Sitesummary_tip__Listing_MAC_address_of_all_clients.html">Sitesummary tip: Listing MAC address of all clients</a>
13454       </div>
13455       <div class="date">
13456         14th May 2010
13457       </div>
13458       <div class="body">
13459         <p>In the recent Debian Edu versions, the
13460 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">sitesummary
13461 system</a> is used to keep track of the machines in the school
13462 network.  Each machine will automatically report its status to the
13463 central server after boot and once per night.  The network setup is
13464 also reported, and using this information it is possible to get the
13465 MAC address of all network interfaces in the machines.  This is useful
13466 to update the DHCP configuration.</p>
13467
13468 <p>To give some idea how to use sitesummary, here is a one-liner to
13469 ist all MAC addresses of all machines reporting to sitesummary.  Run
13470 this on the collector host:</p>
13471
13472 <blockquote><pre>
13473 perl -MSiteSummary -e 'for_all_hosts(sub { print join(" ", get_macaddresses(shift)), "\n"; });'
13474 </pre></blockquote>
13475
13476 <p>This will list all MAC addresses assosiated with all machine, one
13477 line per machine and with space between the MAC addresses.</p>
13478
13479 <p>To allow system administrators easier job at adding static DHCP
13480 addresses for hosts, it would be possible to extend this to fetch
13481 machine information from sitesummary and update the DHCP and DNS
13482 tables in LDAP using this information.  Such tool is unfortunately not
13483 written yet.</p>
13484
13485       </div>
13486       <div class="tags">
13487
13488
13489         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13490
13491
13492       </div>
13493     </div>
13494     <div class="padding"></div>
13495
13496     <div class="entry">
13497       <div class="title">
13498         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Forcing_new_users_to_change_their_password_on_first_login.html">Forcing new users to change their password on first login</a>
13499       </div>
13500       <div class="date">
13501          2nd May 2010
13502       </div>
13503       <div class="body">
13504         <p>One interesting feature in Active Directory, is the ability to
13505 create a new user with an expired password, and thus force the user to
13506 change the password on the first login attempt.</p>
13507
13508 <p>I'm not quite sure how to do that with the LDAP setup in Debian
13509 Edu, but did some initial testing with a local account.  The account
13510 and password aging information is available in /etc/shadow, but
13511 unfortunately, it is not possible to specify an expiration time for
13512 passwords, only a maximum age for passwords.</p>
13513
13514 <p>A freshly created account (using adduser test) will have these
13515 settings in /etc/shadow:</p>
13516
13517 <blockquote><pre>
13518 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13519 Last password change                                    : May 02, 2010
13520 Password expires                                        : never
13521 Password inactive                                       : never
13522 Account expires                                         : never
13523 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13524 Maximum number of days between password change          : 99999
13525 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13526 root@tjener:~#
13527 </pre></blockquote>
13528
13529 <p>The only way I could come up with to create a user with an expired
13530 account, is to change the date of the last password change to the
13531 lowest value possible (January 1th 1970), and the maximum password age
13532 to the difference in days between that date and today.  To make it
13533 simple, I went for 30 years (30 * 365 = 10950) and January 2th (to
13534 avoid testing if 0 is a valid value).</p>
13535
13536 <p>After using these commands to set it up, it seem to work as
13537 intended:</p>
13538
13539 <blockquote><pre>
13540 root@tjener:~# chage -d 1 test; chage -M 10950 test
13541 root@tjener:~# chage -l test
13542 Last password change                                    : Jan 02, 1970
13543 Password expires                                        : never
13544 Password inactive                                       : never
13545 Account expires                                         : never
13546 Minimum number of days between password change          : 0
13547 Maximum number of days between password change          : 10950
13548 Number of days of warning before password expires       : 7
13549 root@tjener:~#
13550 </pre></blockquote>
13551
13552 <p>So far I have tested this with ssh and console, and kdm (in
13553 Squeeze) login, and all ask for a new password before login in the
13554 user (with ssh, I was thrown out and had to log in again).</p>
13555
13556 <p>Perhaps we should set up something similar for Debian Edu, to make
13557 sure only the user itself have the account password?</p>
13558
13559 <p>If you want to comment on or help out with implementing this for
13560 Debian Edu, please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13561
13562 <p>Update 2010-05-02 17:20: Paul Tötterman tells me on IRC that the
13563 shadow(8) page in Debian/testing now state that setting the date of
13564 last password change to zero (0) will force the password to be changed
13565 on the first login.  This was not mentioned in the manual in Lenny, so
13566 I did not notice this in my initial testing.  I have tested it on
13567 Squeeze, and '<tt>chage -d 0 username</tt>' do work there.  I have not
13568 tested it on Lenny yet.</p>
13569
13570 <p>Update 2010-05-02-19:05: Jim Paris tells me via email that an
13571 equivalent command to expire a password is '<tt>passwd -e
13572 username</tt>', which insert zero into the date of the last password
13573 change.</p>
13574
13575       </div>
13576       <div class="tags">
13577
13578
13579         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet</a>.
13580
13581
13582       </div>
13583     </div>
13584     <div class="padding"></div>
13585
13586     <div class="entry">
13587       <div class="title">
13588         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Thoughts_on_roaming_laptop_setup_for_Debian_Edu.html">Thoughts on roaming laptop setup for Debian Edu</a>
13589       </div>
13590       <div class="date">
13591         28th April 2010
13592       </div>
13593       <div class="body">
13594         <p>For some years now, I have wondered how we should handle laptops in
13595 Debian Edu.  The Debian Edu infrastructure is mostly designed to
13596 handle stationary computers, and less suited for computers that come
13597 and go.</p>
13598
13599 <p>Now I finally believe I have an sensible idea on how to adjust
13600 Debian Edu for laptops, by introducing a new profile for them, for
13601 example called Roaming Workstations.  Here are my thought on this.
13602 The setup would consist of the following:</p>
13603
13604 <ul>
13605
13606  <li>During installation, the user name of the owner / primary user of
13607    the laptop is requested and a local home directory is set up for
13608    the user, with uid and gid information fetched from the LDAP
13609    server.  This allow the user to work also when offline.  The
13610    central home directory can be available in a subdirectory on
13611    request, for example mounted via CIFS.  It could be mounted
13612    automatically when a user log in while on the Debian Edu network,
13613    and unmounted when the machine is taken away (network down,
13614    hibernate, etc), it can be set up to do automatic mounting on
13615    request (using autofs), or perhaps some GUI button on the desktop
13616    can be used to access it when needed.  Perhaps it is enough to use
13617    the fish protocol in KDE?</li>
13618
13619  <li>Password checking is set up to use LDAP or Kerberos
13620    authentication when the machine is on the Debian Edu network, and
13621    to cache the password for offline checking when the machine unable
13622    to reach the LDAP or Kerberos server.  This can be done using
13623    <a href="http://www.padl.com/OSS/pam_ccreds.html">libpam-ccreds</a>
13624    or the Fedora developed
13625    <a href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/SSSD">System
13626    Security Services Daemon</a> packages.</li>
13627
13628  <li>File synchronisation with the central home directory is set up
13629    using a shared directory in both the local and the central home
13630    directory, using unison.</li>
13631
13632  <li>Printing should be set up to print to all printers broadcasting
13633    their existence on the local network, and should then work out of
13634    the box with CUPS.  For sites needing accurate printer quotas, some
13635    system with Kerberos authentication or printing via ssh could be
13636    implemented.</li>
13637
13638  <li>For users that should have local root access to their laptop,
13639    sudo should be used to allow this to the local user.</li>
13640
13641  <li>It would be nice if user and group information from LDAP is
13642    cached on the client, but given that there are entries for the
13643    local user and primary group in /etc/, it should not be needed.</li>
13644
13645 </ul>
13646
13647 <p>I believe all the pieces to implement this are in Debian/testing at
13648 the moment.  If we work quickly, we should be able to get this ready
13649 in time for the Squeeze release to freeze.  Some of the pieces need
13650 tweaking, like libpam-ccreds should get support for pam-auth-update
13651 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/566718">#566718</a>) and nslcd (or
13652 perhaps debian-edu-config) should get some integration code to stop
13653 its daemon when the LDAP server is unavailable to avoid long timeouts
13654 when disconnected from the net.  If we get Kerberos enabled, we need
13655 to make sure we avoid long timeouts there too.</p>
13656
13657 <p>If you want to help out with implementing this for Debian Edu,
13658 please contact us on debian-edu@lists.debian.org.</p>
13659
13660       </div>
13661       <div class="tags">
13662
13663
13664         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13665
13666
13667       </div>
13668     </div>
13669     <div class="padding"></div>
13670
13671     <div class="entry">
13672       <div class="title">
13673         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Kerberos_for_Debian_Edu_Squeeze_.html">Kerberos for Debian Edu/Squeeze?</a>
13674       </div>
13675       <div class="date">
13676         14th April 2010
13677       </div>
13678       <div class="body">
13679         <p><a href="http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20100413-kerberos/">Yesterdays
13680 NUUG presentation</a> about Kerberos was inspiring, and reminded me
13681 about the need to start using Kerberos in Skolelinux.  Setting up a
13682 Kerberos server seem to be straight forward, and if we get this in
13683 place a long time before the Squeeze version of Debian freezes, we
13684 have a chance to migrate Skolelinux away from NFSv3 for the home
13685 directories, and over to an architecture where the infrastructure do
13686 not have to trust IP addresses and machines, and instead can trust
13687 users and cryptographic keys instead.</p>
13688
13689 <p>A challenge will be integration and administration.  Is there a
13690 Kerberos implementation for Debian where one can control the
13691 administration access in Kerberos using LDAP groups?  With it, the
13692 school administration will have to maintain access control using flat
13693 files on the main server, which give a huge potential for errors.</p>
13694
13695 <p>A related question I would like to know is how well Kerberos and
13696 pam-ccreds (offline password check) work together.  Anyone know?</p>
13697
13698 <p>Next step will be to use Kerberos for access control in Lwat and
13699 Nagios.  I have no idea how much work that will be to implement.  We
13700 would also need to document how to integrate with Windows AD, as such
13701 shared network will require two Kerberos realms that need to cooperate
13702 to work properly.</p>
13703
13704 <p>I believe a good start would be to start using Kerberos on the
13705 skolelinux.no machines, and this way get ourselves experience with
13706 configuration and integration.  A natural starting point would be
13707 setting up ldap.skolelinux.no as the Kerberos server, and migrate the
13708 rest of the machines from PAM via LDAP to PAM via Kerberos one at the
13709 time.</p>
13710
13711 <p>If you would like to contribute to get this working in Skolelinux,
13712 I recommend you to see the video recording from yesterdays NUUG
13713 presentation, and start using Kerberos at home.  The video show show
13714 up in a few days.</p>
13715
13716       </div>
13717       <div class="tags">
13718
13719
13720         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13721
13722
13723       </div>
13724     </div>
13725     <div class="padding"></div>
13726
13727     <div class="entry">
13728       <div class="title">
13729         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/After_6_years_of_waiting__the_Xreset_d_feature_is_implemented.html">After 6 years of waiting, the Xreset.d feature is implemented</a>
13730       </div>
13731       <div class="date">
13732          6th March 2010
13733       </div>
13734       <div class="body">
13735         <p>6 years ago, as part of the Debian Edu development I am involved
13736 in, I asked for a hook in the kdm and gdm setup to run scripts as root
13737 when the user log out.  A bug was submitted against the xfree86-common
13738 package in 2004 (<a href="http://bugs.debian.org/230422">#230422</a>),
13739 and revisited every time Debian Edu was working on a new release.
13740 Today, this finally paid off.</p>
13741
13742 <p>The framework for this feature was today commited to the git
13743 repositry for the xorg package, and the git repository for xdm has
13744 been updated to use this framework.  Next on my agenda is to make sure
13745 kdm and gdm also add code to use this framework.</p>
13746
13747 <p>In Debian Edu, we want to ability to run commands as root when the
13748 user log out, to get rid of runaway processes and do general cleanup
13749 after a user.  With this framework in place, we finally can do that in
13750 a generic way that work with all display managers using this
13751 framework.  My goal is to get all display managers in Debian use it,
13752 similar to how they use the Xsession.d framework today.<p>
13753
13754       </div>
13755       <div class="tags">
13756
13757
13758         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13759
13760
13761       </div>
13762     </div>
13763     <div class="padding"></div>
13764
13765     <div class="entry">
13766       <div class="title">
13767         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Debian_Edu___Skolelinux_based_on_Lenny_released__work_continues.html">Debian Edu / Skolelinux based on Lenny released, work continues</a>
13768       </div>
13769       <div class="date">
13770         11th February 2010
13771       </div>
13772       <div class="body">
13773         <p>On Tuesday, the Debian/Lenny based version of
13774 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> was finally
13775 shipped.  This was a major leap forward for the project, and I am very
13776 pleased that we finally got the release wrapped up.  Work on the first
13777 point release starts imediately, as we plan to get that one out a
13778 month after the major release, to include all fixes for bugs we found
13779 and fixed too late in the release process to include last Tuesday.</p>
13780
13781 <p>Perhaps it even is time for some partying?</p>
13782
13783 <p>After this first point release, my plan is to focus again on the
13784 next major release, based on Squeeze.  We will try to get as many of
13785 the fixes we need into the official Debian packages before the freeze,
13786 and have just a few weeks or months to make it happen.</p>
13787
13788       </div>
13789       <div class="tags">
13790
13791
13792         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13793
13794
13795       </div>
13796     </div>
13797     <div class="padding"></div>
13798
13799     <div class="entry">
13800       <div class="title">
13801         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Automatic_Munin_and_Nagios_configuration.html">Automatic Munin and Nagios configuration</a>
13802       </div>
13803       <div class="date">
13804         27th January 2010
13805       </div>
13806       <div class="body">
13807         <p>One of the new features in the next Debian/Lenny based release of
13808 Debian Edu/Skolelinux, which is scheduled for release in the next few
13809 days, is automatic configuration of the service monitoring system
13810 Nagios.  The previous release had automatic configuration of trend
13811 analysis using Munin, and this Lenny based release take that a step
13812 further.</p>
13813
13814 <p>When installing a Debian Edu Main-server, it is automatically
13815 configured as a Munin and Nagios server.  In addition, it is
13816 configured to be a server for the
13817 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/HowTo/SiteSummary">SiteSummary
13818 system</a> I have written for use in Debian Edu.  The SiteSummary
13819 system is inspired by a system used by the University of Oslo where I
13820 work.  In short, the system provide a centralised collector of
13821 information about the computers on the network, and a client on each
13822 computer submitting information to this collector.  This allow for
13823 automatic information on which packages are installed on each machine,
13824 which kernel the machines are using, what kind of configuration the
13825 packages got etc.  This also allow us to automatically generate Munin
13826 and Nagios configuration.</p>
13827
13828 <p>All computers reporting to the sitesummary collector with the
13829 munin-node package installed is automatically enabled as a Munin
13830 client and graphs from the statistics collected from that machine show
13831 up automatically on http://www/munin/ on the Main-server.</p>
13832
13833 <p>All non-laptop computers reporting to the sitesummary collector are
13834 automatically monitored for network presence (ping and any network
13835 services detected).  In addition, all computers (also laptops) with
13836 the nagios-nrpe-server package installed and configured the way
13837 sitesummary would configure it, are monitored for full disks, software
13838 raid status, swap free and other checks that need to run locally on
13839 the machine.</p>
13840
13841 <p>The result is that the administrator on a school using Debian Edu
13842 based on Lenny will be able to check the health of his installation
13843 with one look at the Nagios settings, without having to spend any time
13844 keeping the Nagios configuration up-to-date.</p>
13845
13846 <p>The only configuration one need to do to get Nagios up and running
13847 is to set the password used to get access via HTTP.  The system
13848 administrator need to run "<tt>htpasswd /etc/nagios3/htpasswd.users
13849 nagiosadmin</tt>" to create a nagiosadmin user and set a password for
13850 it to be able to log into the Nagios web pages.  After that,
13851 everything is taken care of.</p>
13852
13853       </div>
13854       <div class="tags">
13855
13856
13857         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary</a>.
13858
13859
13860       </div>
13861     </div>
13862     <div class="padding"></div>
13863
13864     <div class="entry">
13865       <div class="title">
13866         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Opphavet_til_Skolelinux_prosjektet.html">Opphavet til Skolelinux-prosjektet</a>
13867       </div>
13868       <div class="date">
13869         17th December 2009
13870       </div>
13871       <div class="body">
13872         <p>De færreste er klar over at Skolelinux-prosjektet kom som et resultat
13873 av en avgjørelse på årsmøtet i
13874 <a href="http://www.nuug.no/">NUUG</a> i 2000-06-29, der Håkon Wium
13875 Lie, da varamedlem i styret, tok på seg oppdraget om å starte et
13876 initiativ kalt "Teach the Teacher", som skulle være et initiativ for
13877 å få fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer inn i Skolen.
13878 Tanken var at en måtte starte med lærerne for at ungene skulle få
13879 mulighet til å møte en bedre IT-hverdag.  Jeg var tilstede på
13880 møtet, og hadde sans for ideen, men intet skjedde.  På vårparten
13881 2001 ble det arrangert en demonstrasjon i anledning at First Tuesday
13882 hadde invitert Microsoft til et møte for å fortelle om fremtidens
13883 Internet.  Dette provoserte endel av oss, og EFN og NUUG tok initiativ
13884 til å arrangere
13885 <a href="http://www.digi.no/60982/first-tuesday-mote-med-microsoft-protest">en
13886 demonstrasjon utenfor lokalene 2001-05-21</a>.  Blant de som sto bak
13887 demonstrasjonen var Vidar Bakke fra NUUG og Håkon W. Lie fra EFN.
13888 Etter demonstrasjonen arrangerte Håkon en fest hjemme hos seg der alle
13889 som hadde vært aktive i demonstrasjonsplanlegging og gjennomføringen
13890 deltok.  Før festen var jeg blitt lei av å vente på at Håkon skulle ta
13891 initiativ til "Teach the Teacher", og for å forsøke å få litt fremgang
13892 besteme jeg meg for å benytte anledningen hos Håkon til å snakke om
13893 behovet for å hjelpe skolene i gang med bedre datasystemer bestående
13894 av fri programvare og unix-lignende operativsystemer.  Flere var
13895 interessert, og Knut Yrvin tenkte på ideen.  Han
13896 <a href="http://developer.skolelinux.no/brev/2001-06-28-invitasjon-skolelinux.txt">ropte
13897 sammen</a> til et stiftelsesmøte i prosjektet i sin arbeidsgivers
13898 Objectwares lokaler ved Ullevål stadion 2001-07-02, og jeg ble med.
13899 Resten er historie. :)</p>
13900
13901       </div>
13902       <div class="tags">
13903
13904
13905         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13906
13907
13908       </div>
13909     </div>
13910     <div class="padding"></div>
13911
13912     <div class="entry">
13913       <div class="title">
13914         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_operativt_webbasert_medlemsregister_for_Fri_programvare_i_skolen.html">Endelig operativt webbasert medlemsregister for Fri programvare i skolen</a>
13915       </div>
13916       <div class="date">
13917          2nd November 2009
13918       </div>
13919       <div class="body">
13920         <p>Under helgens utviklersamling i
13921 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.no/">Skolelinux</a> fikk jeg endelig
13922 satt meg ned sammen med Ronny Aasen i styret for å få et webbasert
13923 medlemsregister tilbake på plass for foreningen som passer på
13924 skolelinuxprosjektet.  Etter flere års knot og problemer, er nå
13925 memberdb satt opp og klart til bruk.  Import av det gamle
13926 medlemsregisteret har vist seg vanskelig, så alle medlemmer bes om å
13927 registrere seg på nytt.  Hvis du støtter FRiSKs formål så er du
13928 hjertelig velkommen til
13929 <a href="http://medlem.friprogramvareiskolen.no/">å melde deg
13930 inn</a>. Formålet lyder:</p>
13931
13932 <blockquote>Linux i skolen skal tilrettelegge for og informere om bruk
13933 av fri programvare, i henhold til Debian Free Software Guidelines av
13934 2002-02-03, i den norske skolen, slik som f.eks. Linux og
13935 GNU.</blockquote>
13936
13937       </div>
13938       <div class="tags">
13939
13940
13941         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
13942
13943
13944       </div>
13945     </div>
13946     <div class="padding"></div>
13947
13948     <div class="entry">
13949       <div class="title">
13950         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Returning_from_Skolelinux_developer_gathering.html">Returning from Skolelinux developer gathering</a>
13951       </div>
13952       <div class="date">
13953         29th March 2009
13954       </div>
13955       <div class="body">
13956         <p>I'm sitting on the train going home from this weekends Debian
13957 Edu/Skolelinux development gathering.  I got a bit done tuning the
13958 desktop, and looked into the dynamic service location protocol
13959 implementation avahi.  It look like it could be useful for us.  Almost
13960 30 people participated, and I believe it was a great environment to
13961 get to know the Skolelinux system.  Walter Bender, involved in the
13962 development of the Sugar educational platform, presented his stuff and
13963 also helped me improve my OLPC installation.  He also showed me that
13964 his Turtle Art application can be used in standalone mode, and we
13965 agreed that I would help getting it packaged for Debian.  As a
13966 standalone application it would be great for Debian Edu.  We also
13967 tried to get the video conferencing working with two OLPCs, but that
13968 proved to be too hard for us.  The application seem to need more work
13969 before it is ready for me.  I look forward to getting home and relax
13970 now. :)</p>
13971
13972       </div>
13973       <div class="tags">
13974
13975
13976         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
13977
13978
13979       </div>
13980     </div>
13981     <div class="padding"></div>
13982
13983     <div class="entry">
13984       <div class="title">
13985         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_new__LDAP_schemas_replacing_RFC_2307_.html">Time for new  LDAP schemas replacing RFC 2307?</a>
13986       </div>
13987       <div class="date">
13988         29th March 2009
13989       </div>
13990       <div class="body">
13991         <p>The state of standardized LDAP schemas on Linux is far from
13992 optimal.  There is RFC 2307 documenting one way to store NIS maps in
13993 LDAP, and a modified version of this normally called RFC 2307bis, with
13994 some modifications to be compatible with Active Directory.  The RFC
13995 specification handle the content of a lot of system databases, but do
13996 not handle DNS zones and DHCP configuration.</p>
13997
13998 <p>In <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Debian Edu/Skolelinux</a>,
13999 we would like to store information about users, SMB clients/hosts,
14000 filegroups, netgroups (users and hosts), DHCP and DNS configuration,
14001 and LTSP configuration in LDAP.  These objects have a lot in common,
14002 but with the current LDAP schemas it is not possible to have one
14003 object per entity.  For example, one need to have at least three LDAP
14004 objects for a given computer, one with the SMB related stuff, one with
14005 DNS information and another with DHCP information.  The schemas
14006 provided for DNS and DHCP are impossible to combine into one LDAP
14007 object.  In addition, it is impossible to implement quick queries for
14008 netgroup membership, because of the way NIS triples are implemented.
14009 It just do not scale.  I believe it is time for a few RFC
14010 specifications to cleam up this mess.</p>
14011
14012 <p>I would like to have one LDAP object representing each computer in
14013 the network, and this object can then keep the SMB (ie host key), DHCP
14014 (mac address/name) and DNS (name/IP address) settings in one place.
14015 It need to be efficently stored to make sure it scale well.</p>
14016
14017 <p>I would also like to have a quick way to map from a user or
14018 computer and to the net group this user or computer is a member.</p>
14019
14020 <p>Active Directory have done a better job than unix heads like myself
14021 in this regard, and the unix side need to catch up.  Time to start a
14022 new IETF work group?</p>
14023
14024       </div>
14025       <div class="tags">
14026
14027
14028         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug</a>.
14029
14030
14031       </div>
14032     </div>
14033     <div class="padding"></div>
14034
14035     <div class="entry">
14036       <div class="title">
14037         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_er_Debian_Lenny_gitt_ut.html">Endelig er Debian Lenny gitt ut</a>
14038       </div>
14039       <div class="date">
14040         15th February 2009
14041       </div>
14042       <div class="body">
14043         <p>Endelig er <a href="http://www.debian.org/">Debian</a>
14044 <a href="http://www.debian.org/News/2009/20090214">Lenny</a> gitt ut.
14045 Et langt steg videre for Debian-prosjektet, og en rekke nye
14046 programpakker blir nå tilgjengelig for de av oss som bruker den
14047 stabile utgaven av Debian.  Neste steg er nå å få
14048 <a href="http://www.skolelinux.org/">Skolelinux</a> /
14049 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/">Debian Edu</a> ferdig
14050 oppdatert for den nye utgaven, slik at en oppdatert versjon kan
14051 slippes løs på skolene.  Takk til alle debian-utviklerne som har
14052 gjort dette mulig.  Endelig er f.eks. fungerende avhengighetsstyrt
14053 bootsekvens tilgjengelig i stabil utgave, vha pakken
14054 <tt>insserv</tt>.</p>
14055
14056       </div>
14057       <div class="tags">
14058
14059
14060         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>.
14061
14062
14063       </div>
14064     </div>
14065     <div class="padding"></div>
14066
14067     <div class="entry">
14068       <div class="title">
14069         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Endelig_norsk_stavekontroll_med_st_tte_for_ord_med_bindestrek.html">Endelig norsk stavekontroll med støtte for ord med bindestrek</a>
14070       </div>
14071       <div class="date">
14072         26th December 2008
14073       </div>
14074       <div class="body">
14075         <p>Etter flere års mislykkede forsøk på å skrive om byggesystemet for
14076 <a href="http://no.speling.org/">den norske stavekontrollen for bokmål
14077 og nynorsk</a> til å ikke bruke bindestrek som ordskillemarkør, lyktes jeg
14078 endelig første juledag.  Bruken av bindestrek som ordskillemarkør har
14079 gjort det umulig å få med ord med bindestrek i
14080 stavekontrolldatagrunnlaget, slik at ord som e-post og CD-spiller ikke
14081 kunne godtas av stavekontrollen.  Hadde litt tid til overs å bruke på
14082 stavekontrollen, og satte meg ned med to kopier av byggsystemet og en
14083 liten testdatafil, og byttet ut - med = på utvalgte steder i
14084 byggsystemet og datafilen helt til jeg fikk samme resultat med det
14085 gamle og det nye byggsystemet.  Dette tror jeg var forsøk 4, der de
14086 foregående har feilet uten at jeg klarte å forstå hvorfor.  Det sier
14087 kanskje litt om kompleksiteten i det originale byggsystemet som Rune
14088 Kleveland laget i sin tid.</p>
14089
14090 <p>Etter å ha endret byggsystemet, var neste steg å importere ordene
14091 med bindestrek.  Vi har en rekke slike i databasene for
14092 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nb.speling.org/htdocs/">bokmål</a>
14093 og
14094 <a href="http://tyge.sslug.dk/~korsvoll/nn.speling.org/htdocs/">nynorsk</a>
14095 for korrektur av datagrunnlaget for stavekontrollen, og etter importen
14096 skulle nå 10350 nye ord bli godkjent som korrekt stavede ord av
14097 stavekontrollen.</p>
14098
14099       </div>
14100       <div class="tags">
14101
14102
14103         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll</a>.
14104
14105
14106       </div>
14107     </div>
14108     <div class="padding"></div>
14109
14110     <div class="entry">
14111       <div class="title">
14112         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Devcamp_brought_us_closer_to_the_Lenny_based_Debian_Edu_release.html">Devcamp brought us closer to the Lenny based Debian Edu release</a>
14113       </div>
14114       <div class="date">
14115          7th December 2008
14116       </div>
14117       <div class="body">
14118         <p>This weekend we had a small developer gathering for Debian Edu in
14119 Oslo.  Most of Saturday was used for the general assemly for the
14120 member organization, but the rest of the weekend I used to tune the
14121 LTSP installation.  LTSP now work out of the box on the 10-network.
14122 Acer Aspire One proved to be a very nice thin client, with both
14123 screen, mouse and keybard in a small box.  Was working on getting the
14124 diskless workstation setup configured out of the box, but did not
14125 finish it before the weekend was up.</p>
14126
14127 <p>Did not find time to look at the 4 VGA cards in one box we got from
14128 the Brazilian group, so that will have to wait for the next
14129 development gathering.  Would love to have the Debian Edu installer
14130 automatically detect and configure a multiseat setup when it find one
14131 of these cards.</p>
14132
14133       </div>
14134       <div class="tags">
14135
14136
14137         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp</a>.
14138
14139
14140       </div>
14141     </div>
14142     <div class="padding"></div>
14143
14144     <div class="entry">
14145       <div class="title">
14146         <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_sorry_state_of_multimedia_browser_plugins_in_Debian.html">The sorry state of multimedia browser plugins in Debian</a>
14147       </div>
14148       <div class="date">
14149         25th November 2008
14150       </div>
14151       <div class="body">
14152         <p>Recently I have spent some time evaluating the multimedia browser
14153 plugins available in Debian Lenny, to see which one we should use by
14154 default in Debian Edu.  We need an embedded video playing plugin with
14155 control buttons to pause or stop the video, and capable of streaming
14156 all the multimedia content available on the web.  The test results and
14157 notes are available on
14158 <a href="http://wiki.debian.org/DebianEdu/BrowserMultimedia">the
14159 Debian wiki</a>.  I was surprised how few of the plugins are able to
14160 fill this need.  My personal video player favorite, VLC, has a really
14161 bad plugin which fail on a lot of the test pages.  A lot of the MIME
14162 types I would expect to work with any free software player (like
14163 video/ogg), just do not work.  And simple formats like the
14164 audio/x-mplegurl format (m3u playlists), just isn't supported by the
14165 totem and vlc plugins.  I hope the situation will improve soon.  No
14166 wonder sites use the proprietary Adobe flash to play video.</p>
14167
14168 <p>For Lenny, we seem to end up with the mplayer plugin.  It seem to
14169 be the only one fitting our needs. :/</p>
14170
14171       </div>
14172       <div class="tags">
14173
14174
14175         Tags: <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia</a>, <a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web</a>.
14176
14177
14178       </div>
14179     </div>
14180     <div class="padding"></div>
14181
14182     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="debian edu.rss"><img src="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
14183     <div id="sidebar">
14184
14185
14186
14187 <h2>Archive</h2>
14188 <ul>
14189
14190 <li>2014
14191 <ul>
14192
14193 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14194
14195 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
14196
14197 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
14198
14199 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14200
14201 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
14202
14203 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14204
14205 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
14206
14207 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
14208
14209 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14210
14211 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
14212
14213 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (1)</a></li>
14214
14215 </ul></li>
14216
14217 <li>2013
14218 <ul>
14219
14220 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
14221
14222 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
14223
14224 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
14225
14226 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
14227
14228 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14229
14230 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
14231
14232 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14233
14234 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14235
14236 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
14237
14238 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
14239
14240 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
14241
14242 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14243
14244 </ul></li>
14245
14246 <li>2012
14247 <ul>
14248
14249 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
14250
14251 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
14252
14253 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
14254
14255 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
14256
14257 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
14258
14259 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
14260
14261 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
14262
14263 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14264
14265 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
14266
14267 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
14268
14269 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
14270
14271 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14272
14273 </ul></li>
14274
14275 <li>2011
14276 <ul>
14277
14278 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
14279
14280 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
14281
14282 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
14283
14284 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
14285
14286 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
14287
14288 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
14289
14290 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
14291
14292 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
14293
14294 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
14295
14296 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14297
14298 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14299
14300 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
14301
14302 </ul></li>
14303
14304 <li>2010
14305 <ul>
14306
14307 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
14308
14309 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
14310
14311 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
14312
14313 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
14314
14315 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14316
14317 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
14318
14319 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
14320
14321 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
14322
14323 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
14324
14325 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
14326
14327 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
14328
14329 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
14330
14331 </ul></li>
14332
14333 <li>2009
14334 <ul>
14335
14336 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
14337
14338 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
14339
14340 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
14341
14342 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
14343
14344 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
14345
14346 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
14347
14348 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
14349
14350 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
14351
14352 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
14353
14354 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
14355
14356 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
14357
14358 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
14359
14360 </ul></li>
14361
14362 <li>2008
14363 <ul>
14364
14365 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
14366
14367 <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
14368
14369 </ul></li>
14370
14371 </ul>
14372
14373
14374
14375 <h2>Tags</h2>
14376 <ul>
14377
14378  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (13)</a></li>
14379
14380  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
14381
14382  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
14383
14384  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
14385
14386  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (8)</a></li>
14387
14388  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (14)</a></li>
14389
14390  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
14391
14392  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
14393
14394  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (108)</a></li>
14395
14396  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (151)</a></li>
14397
14398  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (10)</a></li>
14399
14400  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (15)</a></li>
14401
14402  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (12)</a></li>
14403
14404  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
14405
14406  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (262)</a></li>
14407
14408  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (21)</a></li>
14409
14410  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (12)</a></li>
14411
14412  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (13)</a></li>
14413
14414  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
14415
14416  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (11)</a></li>
14417
14418  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (41)</a></li>
14419
14420  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (10)</a></li>
14421
14422  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (19)</a></li>
14423
14424  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
14425
14426  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
14427
14428  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
14429
14430  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
14431
14432  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
14433
14434  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (31)</a></li>
14435
14436  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (248)</a></li>
14437
14438  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (163)</a></li>
14439
14440  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (11)</a></li>
14441
14442  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
14443
14444  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (48)</a></li>
14445
14446  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (76)</a></li>
14447
14448  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (1)</a></li>
14449
14450  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
14451
14452  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
14453
14454  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
14455
14456  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (9)</a></li>
14457
14458  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
14459
14460  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (4)</a></li>
14461
14462  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
14463
14464  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (41)</a></li>
14465
14466  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
14467
14468  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (4)</a></li>
14469
14470  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (45)</a></li>
14471
14472  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (3)</a></li>
14473
14474  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (9)</a></li>
14475
14476  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (27)</a></li>
14477
14478  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (2)</a></li>
14479
14480  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (8)</a></li>
14481
14482  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (44)</a></li>
14483
14484  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
14485
14486  <li><a href="http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (33)</a></li>
14487
14488 </ul>
14489
14490
14491     </div>
14492     <p style="text-align: right">
14493  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
14494 </p>
14495
14496   </body>
14497 </html>