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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
2 <rss version='2.0' xmlns:lj='http://www.livejournal.org/rss/lj/1.0/'>
3 <channel>
4 <title>Petter Reinholdtsen - Entries tagged standard</title>
5 <description>Entries tagged standard</description>
6 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/</link>
7
8
9 <item>
10 <title>Nikita version 0.4 released - free software archive API server</title>
11 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Nikita_version_0_4_released___free_software_archive_API_server.html</link>
12 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Nikita_version_0_4_released___free_software_archive_API_server.html</guid>
13 <pubDate>Wed, 22 May 2019 11:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
14 <description>&lt;p&gt;This morning, a new release of
15 &lt;a href=&quot;https://gitlab.com/OsloMet-ABI/nikita-noark5-core/&quot;&gt;Nikita
16 Noark 5 core project&lt;/a&gt; was
17 &lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.nuug.no/pipermail/nikita-noark/2019-May/000468.html&quot;&gt;announced
18 on the project mailing list&lt;/a&gt;. The Nikita free software solution is
19 an implementation of the Norwegian archive standard Noark 5 used by
20 government offices in Norway. These were the changes in version 0.4
21 since version 0.3, see the email link above for links to a demo site:&lt;/p&gt;
22
23 &lt;ul&gt;
24
25 &lt;li&gt;Roll out OData handling to all endpoints where applicable&lt;/li&gt;
26 &lt;li&gt;Changed the relation key for &quot;ny-journalpost&quot; to the official one.&lt;/li&gt;
27 &lt;li&gt;Better link generation on outgoing links.&lt;/li&gt;
28 &lt;li&gt;Tidy up code and make code and approaches more consistent throughout
29 the codebase&lt;/li&gt;
30 &lt;li&gt;Update rels to be in compliance with updated version in the
31 interface standard&lt;/li&gt;
32 &lt;li&gt;Avoid printing links on empty objects as they can&#39;t have links&lt;/li&gt;
33 &lt;li&gt;Small bug fixes and improvements&lt;/li&gt;
34 &lt;li&gt;Start moving generation of outgoing links to @Service layer so access
35 control can be used when generating links&lt;/li&gt;
36 &lt;li&gt;Log exception that was being swallowed so it&#39;s traceable&lt;/li&gt;
37 &lt;li&gt;Fix name mapping problem&lt;/li&gt;
38 &lt;li&gt;Update templated printing so templated should only be printed if it
39 is set true. Requires more work to roll out across entire
40 application.&lt;/li&gt;
41 &lt;li&gt;Remove Record-&gt;DocumentObject as per domain model of n5v4&lt;/li&gt;
42 &lt;li&gt;Add ability to delete lists filtered with OData&lt;/li&gt;
43 &lt;li&gt;Return NO_CONTENT (204) on delete as per interface standard&lt;/li&gt;
44 &lt;li&gt;Introduce support for ConstraintViolationException exception&lt;/li&gt;
45 &lt;li&gt;Make Service classes extend NoarkService&lt;/li&gt;
46 &lt;li&gt;Make code base respect X-Forwarded-Host, X-Forwarded-Proto and
47 X-Forwarded-Port&lt;/li&gt;
48 &lt;li&gt;Update CorrespondencePart* code to be more in line with Single
49 Responsibility Principle&lt;/li&gt;
50 &lt;li&gt;Make package name follow directory structure&lt;/li&gt;
51 &lt;li&gt;Make sure Document number starts at 1, not 0&lt;/li&gt;
52 &lt;li&gt;Fix isues discovered by FindBugs&lt;/li&gt;
53 &lt;li&gt;Update from Date to ZonedDateTime&lt;/li&gt;
54 &lt;li&gt;Fix wrong tablename&lt;/li&gt;
55 &lt;li&gt;Introduce Service layer tests&lt;/li&gt;
56 &lt;li&gt;Improvements to CorrespondencePart&lt;/li&gt;
57 &lt;li&gt;Continued work on Class / Classificationsystem&lt;/li&gt;
58 &lt;li&gt;Fix feature where authors were stored as storageLocations&lt;/li&gt;
59 &lt;li&gt;Update HQL builder for OData&lt;/li&gt;
60 &lt;li&gt;Update OData search capability from webpage&lt;/li&gt;
61
62 &lt;/ul&gt;
63
64 &lt;p&gt;If free and open standardized archiving API sound interesting to
65 you, please contact us on IRC
66 (&lt;a href=&quot;irc://irc.freenode.net/%23nikita&quot;&gt;#nikita on
67 irc.freenode.net&lt;/a&gt;) or email
68 (&lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/nikita-noark&quot;&gt;nikita-noark
69 mailing list&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;
70
71 &lt;p&gt;As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
72 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
73 &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&quot;&gt;15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
74 </description>
75 </item>
76
77 <item>
78 <title>MIME type &quot;text/vnd.sosi&quot; for SOSI map data</title>
79 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MIME_type__text_vnd_sosi__for_SOSI_map_data.html</link>
80 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MIME_type__text_vnd_sosi__for_SOSI_map_data.html</guid>
81 <pubDate>Mon, 20 May 2019 08:35:00 +0200</pubDate>
82 <description>&lt;p&gt;As part of my involvement in the work to
83 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/arkivverket/noark5-tjenestegrensesnitt-standard&quot;&gt;standardise
84 a REST based API for Noark 5&lt;/a&gt;, the Norwegian archiving standard, I
85 spent some time the last few months to try to register a
86 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/&quot;&gt;MIME type&lt;/a&gt;
87 and &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/PRONOM/&quot;&gt;PRONOM
88 code&lt;/a&gt; for the SOSI file format. The background is that there is a
89 set of formats approved for long term storage and archiving in Norway,
90 and among these formats, SOSI is the only format missing a MIME type
91 and PRONOM code.&lt;/p&gt;
92
93 &lt;p&gt;What is SOSI, you might ask? To quote Wikipedia: SOSI is short for
94 Samordnet Opplegg for Stedfestet Informasjon (literally &quot;Coordinated
95 Approach for Spatial Information&quot;, but more commonly expanded in
96 English to Systematic Organization of Spatial Information). It is a
97 text based file format for geo-spatial vector information used in
98 Norway. Information about the SOSI format can be found in English
99 from &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SOSI&quot;&gt;Wikipedia&lt;/a&gt;. The
100 specification is available in Norwegian from
101 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.kartverket.no/geodataarbeid/Standarder/SOSI/&quot;&gt;the
102 Norwegian mapping authority&lt;/a&gt;. The SOSI standard, which originated
103 in the beginning of nineteen eighties, was the inspiration and formed the
104 basis for the XML based
105 &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geography_Markup_Language&quot;&gt;Geography
106 Markup Language&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
107
108 &lt;p&gt;I have so far written
109 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/file/file/pull/67&quot;&gt;a pattern matching
110 rule&lt;/a&gt; for the file(1) unix tool to recognize SOSI files, submitted
111 a request to the PRONOM project to have a PRONOM ID assigned to the
112 format (reference TNA1555078202S60), and today send a request to IANA
113 to register the &quot;text/vnd.sosi&quot; MIME type for this format (referanse
114 &lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.iana.org/public-view/viewticket/1143144&quot;&gt;IANA
115 #1143144&lt;/a&gt;). If all goes well, in a few months, anyone implementing
116 the Noark 5 Tjenestegrensesnitt API spesification should be able to
117 use an official MIME type and PRONOM code for SOSI files. In
118 addition, anyone using SOSI files on Linux should be able to
119 automatically recognise the format and web sites handing out SOSI
120 files can begin providing a more specific MIME type. So far, SOSI
121 files has been handed out from web sites using the
122 &quot;application/octet-stream&quot; MIME type, which is just a nice way of
123 stating &quot;I do not know&quot;. Soon, we will know. :)&lt;/p&gt;
124
125 &lt;p&gt;As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
126 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
127 &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&quot;&gt;15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
128 </description>
129 </item>
130
131 <item>
132 <title>PlantUML for text based UML diagram modelling - nice free software</title>
133 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/PlantUML_for_text_based_UML_diagram_modelling___nice_free_software.html</link>
134 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/PlantUML_for_text_based_UML_diagram_modelling___nice_free_software.html</guid>
135 <pubDate>Mon, 25 Mar 2019 09:35:00 +0100</pubDate>
136 <description>&lt;p&gt;As part of my involvement with the
137 &lt;a href=&quot;https://gitlab.com/OsloMet-ABI/nikita-noark5-core/&quot;&gt;Nikita
138 Noark 5 core project&lt;/a&gt;, I have been proposing improvements to the
139 API specification created by &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.arkivverket.no/&quot;&gt;The
140 National Archives of Norway&lt;/a&gt; and helped migrating the text from a
141 version control system unfriendly binary format (docx) to Markdown in
142 git. Combined with the migration to a public git repository (on
143 github), this has made it possible for anyone to suggest improvement
144 to the text.&lt;/p&gt;
145
146 &lt;p&gt;The specification is filled with UML diagrams. I believe the
147 original diagrams were modelled using Sparx Systems Enterprise
148 Architect, and exported as EMF files for import into docx. This
149 approach make it very hard to track changes using a version control
150 system. To improve the situation I have been looking for a good text
151 based UML format with associated command line free software tools on
152 Linux and Windows, to allow anyone to send in corrections to the UML
153 diagrams in the specification. The tool must be text based to work
154 with git, and command line to be able to run it automatically to
155 generate the diagram images. Finally, it must be free software to
156 allow anyone, even those that can not accept a non-free software
157 license, to contribute.&lt;/p&gt;
158
159 &lt;p&gt;I did not know much about free software UML modelling tools when I
160 started. I have used dia and inkscape for simple modelling in the
161 past, but neither are available on Windows, as far as I could tell. I
162 came across a nice
163 &lt;a href=&quot;https://modeling-languages.com/text-uml-tools-complete-list/&quot;&gt;list
164 of text mode uml tools&lt;/a&gt;, and tested out a few of the tools listed
165 there. &lt;a href=&quot;http://plantuml.com/&quot;&gt;The PlantUML tool&lt;/a&gt; seemed
166 most promising. After verifying that the packages
167 &lt;a href=&quot;https://tracker.debian.org/pkg/plantuml&quot;&gt;is available in
168 Debian&lt;/a&gt; and found &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/plantuml/plantuml&quot;&gt;its
169 Java source&lt;/a&gt; under a GPL license on github, I set out to test if it
170 could represent the diagrams we needed, ie the ones currently in
171 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/arkivverket/noark5-tjenestegrensesnitt-standard/&quot;&gt;the
172 Noark 5 Tjenestegrensesnitt specification&lt;/a&gt;. I am happy to report
173 that it could represent them, even thought it have a few warts here
174 and there.&lt;/p&gt;
175
176 &lt;p&gt;After a few days of modelling I completed the task this weekend. A
177 temporary link to the complete set of diagrams (original and from
178 PlantUML) is available in
179 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/arkivverket/noark5-tjenestegrensesnitt-standard/issues/76&quot;&gt;the
180 github issue discussing the need for a text based UML format&lt;/a&gt;, but
181 please note I lack a sensible tool to convert EMF files to PNGs, so
182 the &quot;original&quot; rendering is not as good as the original was in the
183 publised PDF.&lt;/p&gt;
184
185 &lt;p&gt;Here is an example UML diagram, showing the core classes for
186 keeping metadata about archived documents:&lt;/p&gt;
187
188 &lt;pre&gt;
189 @startuml
190 skinparam classAttributeIconSize 0
191
192 !include media/uml-class-arkivskaper.iuml
193 !include media/uml-class-arkiv.iuml
194 !include media/uml-class-klassifikasjonssystem.iuml
195 !include media/uml-class-klasse.iuml
196 !include media/uml-class-arkivdel.iuml
197 !include media/uml-class-mappe.iuml
198 !include media/uml-class-merknad.iuml
199 !include media/uml-class-registrering.iuml
200 !include media/uml-class-basisregistrering.iuml
201 !include media/uml-class-dokumentbeskrivelse.iuml
202 !include media/uml-class-dokumentobjekt.iuml
203 !include media/uml-class-konvertering.iuml
204 !include media/uml-datatype-elektronisksignatur.iuml
205
206 Arkivstruktur.Arkivskaper &quot;+arkivskaper 1..*&quot; &lt;-o &quot;+arkiv 0..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Arkiv
207 Arkivstruktur.Arkiv o--&gt; &quot;+underarkiv 0..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Arkiv
208 Arkivstruktur.Arkiv &quot;+arkiv 1&quot; o--&gt; &quot;+arkivdel 0..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Arkivdel
209 Arkivstruktur.Klassifikasjonssystem &quot;+klassifikasjonssystem [0..1]&quot; &lt;--o &quot;+arkivdel 1..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Arkivdel
210 Arkivstruktur.Klassifikasjonssystem &quot;+klassifikasjonssystem [0..1]&quot; o--&gt; &quot;+klasse 0..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Klasse
211 Arkivstruktur.Arkivdel &quot;+arkivdel 0..1&quot; o--&gt; &quot;+mappe 0..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Mappe
212 Arkivstruktur.Arkivdel &quot;+arkivdel 0..1&quot; o--&gt; &quot;+registrering 0..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Registrering
213 Arkivstruktur.Klasse &quot;+klasse 0..1&quot; o--&gt; &quot;+mappe 0..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Mappe
214 Arkivstruktur.Klasse &quot;+klasse 0..1&quot; o--&gt; &quot;+registrering 0..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Registrering
215 Arkivstruktur.Mappe --&gt; &quot;+undermappe 0..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Mappe
216 Arkivstruktur.Mappe &quot;+mappe 0..1&quot; o--&gt; &quot;+registrering 0..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Registrering
217 Arkivstruktur.Merknad &quot;+merknad 0..*&quot; &lt;--* Arkivstruktur.Mappe
218 Arkivstruktur.Merknad &quot;+merknad 0..*&quot; &lt;--* Arkivstruktur.Dokumentbeskrivelse
219 Arkivstruktur.Basisregistrering -|&gt; Arkivstruktur.Registrering
220 Arkivstruktur.Merknad &quot;+merknad 0..*&quot; &lt;--* Arkivstruktur.Basisregistrering
221 Arkivstruktur.Registrering &quot;+registrering 1..*&quot; o--&gt; &quot;+dokumentbeskrivelse 0..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Dokumentbeskrivelse
222 Arkivstruktur.Dokumentbeskrivelse &quot;+dokumentbeskrivelse 1&quot; o-&gt; &quot;+dokumentobjekt 0..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Dokumentobjekt
223 Arkivstruktur.Dokumentobjekt *-&gt; &quot;+konvertering 0..*&quot; Arkivstruktur.Konvertering
224 Arkivstruktur.ElektroniskSignatur -[hidden]-&gt; Arkivstruktur.Dokumentobjekt
225 @enduml
226 &lt;/pre&gt;
227
228 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://plantuml.com/class-diagram&quot;&gt;The format&lt;/a&gt; is quite
229 compact, with little redundant information. The text expresses
230 entities and relations, and there is little layout related fluff. One
231 can reuse content by using include files, allowing for consistent
232 naming across several diagrams. The include files can be standalone
233 PlantUML too. Here is the content of
234 &lt;tt&gt;media/uml-class-arkivskaper.iuml&lt;tt&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
235
236 &lt;pre&gt;
237 @startuml
238 class Arkivstruktur.Arkivskaper &lt;Arkivenhet&gt; {
239 +arkivskaperID : string
240 +arkivskaperNavn : string
241 +beskrivelse : string [0..1]
242 }
243 @enduml
244 &lt;/pre&gt;
245
246 &lt;p&gt;This is what the complete diagram for the PlantUML notation above
247 look like:&lt;/p&gt;
248
249 &lt;p&gt;&lt;img width=&quot;80%&quot; src=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2019-03-25-noark5-plantuml-diagrameksempel.png&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
250
251 &lt;p&gt;A cool feature of PlantUML is that the generated PNG files include
252 the entire original source diagram as text. The source (with include
253 statements expanded) can be extracted using for example
254 &lt;tt&gt;exiftool&lt;/tt&gt;. Another cool feature is that parts of the entities
255 can be hidden after inclusion. This allow to use include files with
256 all attributes listed, even for UML diagrams that should not list any
257 attributes.&lt;/p&gt;
258
259 &lt;p&gt;The diagram also show some of the warts. Some times the layout
260 engine place text labels on top of each other, and some times it place
261 the class boxes too close to each other, not leaving room for the
262 labels on the relationship arrows. The former can be worked around by
263 placing extra newlines in the labes (ie &quot;\n&quot;). I did not do it here
264 to be able to demonstrate the issue. I have not found a good way
265 around the latter, so I normally try to reduce the problem by changing
266 from vertical to horizontal links to improve the layout.&lt;/p&gt;
267
268 &lt;p&gt;All in all, I am quite happy with PlantUML, and very impressed with
269 how quickly its lead developer responds to questions. So far I got an
270 answer to my questions in a few hours when I send an email. I
271 definitely recommend looking at PlantUML if you need to make UML
272 diagrams. Note, PlantUML can draw a lot more than class relations.
273 Check out the documention for a complete list. :)&lt;/p&gt;
274
275 &lt;p&gt;As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
276 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
277 &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&quot;&gt;15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
278 </description>
279 </item>
280
281 <item>
282 <title>Release 0.3 of free software archive API system Nikita announced</title>
283 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Release_0_3_of_free_software_archive_API_system_Nikita_announced.html</link>
284 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Release_0_3_of_free_software_archive_API_system_Nikita_announced.html</guid>
285 <pubDate>Sun, 24 Mar 2019 14:30:00 +0100</pubDate>
286 <description>&lt;p&gt;Yesterday, a new release of
287 &lt;a href=&quot;https://gitlab.com/OsloMet-ABI/nikita-noark5-core/&quot;&gt;Nikita
288 Noark 5 core project&lt;/a&gt; was
289 &lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.nuug.no/pipermail/nikita-noark/2019-March/000451.html&quot;&gt;announced
290 on the project mailing list&lt;/a&gt;. The free software solution is an
291 implementation of the Norwegian archive standard Noark 5 used by
292 government offices in Norway. These were the changes in version 0.3
293 since version 0.2.1 (from NEWS.md):&lt;/p&gt;
294
295 &lt;ul&gt;
296 &lt;li&gt;Improved ClassificationSystem and Class behaviour.&lt;/li&gt;
297 &lt;li&gt;Tidied up known inconsistencies between domain model and hateaos links.&lt;/li&gt;
298 &lt;li&gt;Added experimental code for blockchain integration. &lt;/li&gt;
299 &lt;li&gt;Make token expiry time configurable at upstart from properties file.&lt;/li&gt;
300 &lt;li&gt;Continued work on OData search syntax.&lt;/li&gt;
301 &lt;li&gt;Started work on pagination for entities, partly implemented for Saksmappe.&lt;/li&gt;
302 &lt;li&gt;Finalise ClassifiedCode Metadata entity.&lt;/li&gt;
303 &lt;li&gt;Implement mechanism to check if authentication token is still
304 valid. This allow the GUI to return a more sensible message to the
305 user if the token is expired.&lt;/li&gt;
306 &lt;li&gt;Reintroduce browse.html page to allow user to browse JSON API using
307 hateoas links.&lt;/li&gt;
308 &lt;li&gt;Fix bug in handling file/mappe sequence number. Year change was
309 not properly handled.&lt;/li&gt;
310 &lt;li&gt;Update application yml files to be in sync with current development.&lt;/li&gt;
311 &lt;li&gt;Stop &#39;converting&#39; everything to PDF using libreoffice. Only
312 convert the file formats doc, ppt, xls, docx, pptx, xlsx, odt, odp
313 and ods.&lt;/li&gt;
314 &lt;li&gt;Continued code style fixing, making code more readable.&lt;/li&gt;
315 &lt;li&gt;Minor bug fixes.&lt;/li&gt;
316
317 &lt;/ul&gt;
318
319 &lt;p&gt;If free and open standardized archiving API sound interesting to
320 you, please contact us on IRC
321 (&lt;a href=&quot;irc://irc.freenode.net/%23nikita&quot;&gt;#nikita on
322 irc.freenode.net&lt;/a&gt;) or email
323 (&lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/nikita-noark&quot;&gt;nikita-noark
324 mailing list&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;
325
326 &lt;p&gt;As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
327 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
328 &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&quot;&gt;15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
329 </description>
330 </item>
331
332 <item>
333 <title>Åpen og gjennomsiktig vedlikehold av spesifikasjonen for Noark 5 Tjenestegrensesnitt</title>
334 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_pen_og_gjennomsiktig_vedlikehold_av_spesifikasjonen_for_Noark_5_Tjenestegrensesnitt.html</link>
335 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_pen_og_gjennomsiktig_vedlikehold_av_spesifikasjonen_for_Noark_5_Tjenestegrensesnitt.html</guid>
336 <pubDate>Mon, 11 Mar 2019 16:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
337 <description>&lt;p&gt;Et virksomhetsarkiv for meg, er et arbeidsverktøy der en enkelt kan
338 finne informasjonen en trenger når en trenger det, og der
339 virksomhetens samlede kunnskap er tilgjengelig. Det må være greit å
340 finne frem i, litt som en bibliotek. Men der et bibliotek gjerne tar
341 vare på offentliggjort informasjon som er tilgjengelig flere steder,
342 tar et arkiv vare på virksomhetsintern og til tider personlig
343 informasjon som ofte kun er tilgjengelig fra et sted.&lt;/p&gt;
344
345 &lt;p&gt;Jeg mistenker den eneste måten å sikre at arkivet inneholder den
346 samlede kunnskapen i en virksomhet, er å bruke det som virksomhetens
347 kunnskapslager. Det innebærer å automatisk kopiere (brev, epost,
348 SMS-er etc) inn i arkivet når de sendes og mottas, og der filtrere
349 vekk det en ikke vil ta vare på, og legge på metadata om det som er
350 samlet inn for enkel gjenfinning. En slik bruk av arkivet innebærer at
351 arkivet er en del av daglig virke, ikke at det er siste hvilested for
352 informasjon ingen lenger har daglig bruk for. For å kunne være en del
353 av det daglige virket må arkivet enkelt kunne integreres med andre
354 systemer. I disse dager betyr det å tilby arkivet som en
355 nett-tjeneste til hele virksomheten, tilgjengelig for både mennesker
356 og datamaskiner. Det betyr i tur å både tilby nettsider og et
357 maskinlesbart grensesnitt.&lt;/p&gt;
358
359 &lt;p&gt;For noen år siden erkjente visjonære arkivarer fordelene med et
360 standardisert maskinlesbart grensesnitt til organisasjonens arkiv. De
361 gikk igang med å lage noe de kalte
362 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/arkivverket/noark5-tjenestegrensesnitt-standard/&quot;&gt;Noark
363 5 Tjenestegrensesnitt&lt;/a&gt;. Gjort riktig, så åpner slike maskinlesbare
364 grensesnitt for samvirke på tvers av uavhengige programvaresystemer.
365 Gjort feil, vil det blokkere for samvirke og bidra til
366 leverandørinnlåsing. For å gjøre det riktig så må grensesnittet være
367 klart og entydig beskrevet i en spesifikasjon som gjør at
368 spesifikasjonen tolkes på samme måte uavhengig av hvem som leser den,
369 og uavhengig av hvem som tar den i bruk.&lt;/p&gt;
370
371 &lt;p&gt;For å oppnå klare og entydige beskrivelser i en spesifikasjon, som
372 trengs for å kunne få en fri og åpen standard (se
373 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fri_og__pen_standard__slik_Digistan_ser_det.html&quot;&gt;Digistan-definisjon&lt;/a&gt;),
374 så trengs det en åpen og gjennomsiktig inngangsport med lav terskel,
375 der de som forsøker å ta den i bruk enkelt kan få inn korreksjoner,
376 etterlyse klargjøringer og rapportere uklarheter i spesifikasjonen.
377 En trenger også automatiserte datasystemer som måler og sjekker at et
378 gitt grensesnitt fungerer i tråd med spesifikasjonen.&lt;/p&gt;
379
380 &lt;p&gt;For Noark 5 Tjenestegrensesnittet er det nå etablert en slik åpen
381 og gjennomsiktig inngangsport på prosjekttjenesten github. Denne
382 inngangsporten består først og fremst av en åpen portal som lar enhver
383 se hva som er gjort av endringer i spesifikasjonsteksten over tid, men
384 det hører også med et åpent &amp;quot;diskusjonsforum&amp;quot; der en kan
385 komme med endringsforslag og forespørsler om klargjøringer. Alle
386 registrerte brukere på github kan bidra med innspill til disse
387 henvendelsene.&lt;/p&gt;
388
389 &lt;p&gt;I samarbeide med Arkivverket har jeg fått opprettet et git-depot
390 med spesifikasjonsteksten for tjenestegrensesnittet, der det er lagt
391 inn historikk for endringer i teksten de siste årene, samt lagt inn
392 endringsforslag og forespørsler om klargjøring av teksten. Bakgrunnen
393 for at jeg bidro med dette er at jeg er involvert i
394 &lt;a href=&quot;https://gitlab.com/OsloMet-ABI/nikita-noark5-core&quot;&gt;Nikita-prosjektet&lt;/a&gt;,
395 som lager en fri programvare-utgave av Noark 5 Tjenestegrensesnitt.
396 Det er først når en forsøker å lage noe i tråd med en spesifikasjon at
397 en oppdager hvor mange detaljer som må beskrives i spesifikasjonen for
398 å sikre samhandling.&lt;/p&gt;
399
400 &lt;p&gt;Spesifikasjonen vedlikeholdes i et rent tekstformat, for å ha et
401 format egnet for versjonskontroll via versjontrollsystemet git. Dette
402 gjør det både enkelt å se konkret hvilke endringer som er gjort når,
403 samt gjør det praktisk mulig for enhver med github-konto å sende inn
404 endringsforslag med formuleringer til spesifikasjonsteksten. Dette
405 tekstformatet vises frem som nettsider på github, slik at en ikke
406 trenger spesielle verktøy for å se på siste utgave av
407 spesifikasjonen.&lt;/p&gt;
408
409 &lt;p&gt;Fra dette rene tekstformatet kan det så avledes ulike formater, som
410 HTML for websider, PDF for utskrift på papir og ePub for lesing med
411 ebokleser. Avlednings-systemet (byggesystemet) bruker i dag
412 verktøyene pandoc, latex, docbook-xsl og GNU make til
413 transformasjonen. Tekstformatet som brukes dag er
414 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.markdownguide.org/&quot;&gt;Markdown&lt;/a&gt;, men det vurderes
415 å
416 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/arkivverket/noark5-tjenestegrensesnitt-standard/issues/9&quot;&gt;endre
417 til formatet RST&lt;/a&gt; i fremtiden for bedre styring av utseende på
418 PDF-utgaven.&lt;/p&gt;
419
420 &lt;p&gt;Versjonskontrollsystemet git ble valgt da det er både fleksibelt,
421 avansert og enkelt å ta i bruk. Github ble valgt (foran f.eks. Gitlab
422 som vi bruker i Nikita), da Arkivverket allerede hadde tatt i bruk
423 Github i andre sammenhenger.&lt;/p&gt;
424
425 &lt;p&gt;Enkle endringer i teksten kan gjøres av priviligerte brukere
426 direkte i nettsidene til Github, ved å finne aktuell fil som skal
427 endres (f.eks. kapitler/03-konformitet.md), klikke på den lille
428 bokstaven i høyre hjørne over teksten. Det kommer opp en nettside der
429 en kan endre teksten slik en ønsker. Når en er fornøyd med endringen
430 så må endringen &amp;quot;sjekkes inn&amp;quot; i historikken. Det gjøres ved
431 å gi en kort beskrivelse av endringen (beskriv helst hvorfor endringen
432 trengs, ikke hva som er endret), under overskriften &amp;quot;Commit
433 changes&amp;quot;. En kan og bør legge inn en lengre forklaring i det
434 større skrivefeltet, før en velger om endringen skal sendes direkte
435 til &#39;master&#39;-grenen (dvs. autorativ utgave av spesifikasjonen) eller
436 om en skal lage en ny gren for denne endringen og opprette en
437 endringsforespørsel (aka &amp;quot;Pull Request&amp;quot;/PR). Når alt dette
438 er gjort kan en velge &amp;quot;Commit changes&amp;quot; for å sende inn
439 endringen. Hvis den er lagt inn i &amp;quot;master&amp;quot;-grenen så er den
440 en offisiell del av spesifikasjonen med en gang. Hvis den derimot er
441 en endringsforespørsel, så legges den inn i
442 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/arkivverket/noark5-tjenestegrensesnitt-standard/pulls&quot;&gt;listen
443 over forslag til endringer&lt;/a&gt; som venter på korrekturlesing og
444 godkjenning.&lt;/p&gt;
445
446 &lt;p&gt;Større endringer (for eksempel samtidig endringer i flere filer)
447 gjøres enklest ved å hente ned en kopi av git-depoet lokalt og gjøre
448 endringene der før endringsforslaget sendes inn. Denne prosessen er
449 godt beskrivet i dokumentasjon fra github. Git-prosjektet som skal
450 &amp;quot;klones&amp;quot; er
451 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/arkivverket/noark5-tjenestegrensesnitt-standard/&quot;&gt;https://github.com/arkivverket/noark5-tjenestegrensesnitt-standard/&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
452
453 &lt;p&gt;For å registrere nye utfordringer (issues) eller kommentere på
454 eksisterende utfordringer benyttes nettsiden
455 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/arkivverket/noark5-tjenestegrensesnitt-standard/issues&quot;&gt;https://github.com/arkivverket/noark5-tjenestegrensesnitt-standard/issues&lt;/a&gt;.
456 I skrivende stund er det 48 åpne og 11 avsluttede utfordringer. Et
457 forslag til hva som bør være med når en beskriver en utfordring er
458 tilgjengelig som utfordring
459 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/arkivverket/noark5-tjenestegrensesnitt-standard/issues/14&quot;&gt;#14&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
460
461 &lt;p&gt;For å bygge en PDF-utgave av spesifikasjonen så bruker jeg i dag en
462 Debian GNU/Linux-maskin med en rekke programpakker installert. Når
463 dette er på plass, så holder det å kjøre kommandoen &#39;make pdf html&#39;
464 kommandolinjen, vente ca. 20 sekunder, før spesifikasjon.pdf og
465 spesifikasjon.html ligger klar på disken. Verktøyene for bygging av
466 PDF, HTML og ePub-utgave er også tilgjengelig på Windows og
467 MacOSX.&lt;/p&gt;
468
469 &lt;p&gt;Github bidrar med rammeverket. Men for at åpent vedlikehold av
470 spesifikasjonen skal fungere, så trengs det folk som bidrar med sin
471 tid og kunnskap. Arkivverket har sagt de skal bidra med innspill og
472 godkjenne forslag til endringer, men det blir størst suksess hvis alle
473 som bruker og lager systemer basert på Noark 5 Tjenestegrensesnitt
474 bidrar med sin kunnskap og kommer med forslag til forebedringer. Jeg
475 stiller. Blir du med?&lt;/p&gt;
476
477 &lt;p&gt;Det er viktig å legge til rette for åpen diskusjon blant alle
478 interesserte, som ikke krever at en må godta lange kontrakter med
479 vilkår for deltagelse. Inntil Arkivverket dukker opp på IRC har vi
480 laget en IRC-kanal der interesserte enkelt kan orientere seg og
481 diskutere tjenestegrensesnittet. Alle er velkommen til å ta turen
482 innom
483 &lt;a href=&quot;https://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=nikita&quot;&gt;#nikita&lt;/a&gt;
484 (f.eks. via irc.freenode.net) for å møte likesinnede.&lt;/p&gt;
485
486 &lt;p&gt;Det holder dog ikke å ha en god spesifikasjon, hvis ikke de som tar
487 den i bruk gjør en like god jobb. For å automatisk teste om et konkret
488 tjenestegrensesnitt følger (min) forståelse av
489 spesifikasjonsdokumentet, har jeg skrevet et program som kobler seg
490 opp til et Noark 5v4 REST-tjeneste og tester alt den finner for å se
491 om det er i henhold til min tolkning av spesifikasjonen. Dette
492 verktøyet er tilgjengelig fra
493 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester&quot;&gt;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester&lt;/a&gt;,
494 og brukes daglig mens vi utvikler Nikita for å sikre at vi ikke
495 introduserer nye feil. Hvis en skal sikre samvirke på tvers av ulike
496 systemer er det helt essensielt å kunne raskt og automatisk sjekke at
497 tjenestegrensesnittet oppfører seg som forventet. Jeg håper andre som
498 lager sin utgave av tjenestegrensesnittet vi bruke dette verktøyet,
499 slik at vi tidlig og raskt kan oppdage hvor vi har tolket
500 spesifikasjonen ulikt, og dermed få et godt grunnlag for å gjøre
501 spesifikasjonsteksten enda klarere og bedre.&lt;/p&gt;
502
503 &lt;p&gt;Dagens beskrivelse av Noark 5 Tjenestegrensesnitt er et svært godt
504 utgangspunkt for å gjøre virksomhetens arkiv til et dynamisk og
505 sentralt arbeidsverktøy i organisasjonen. Blir du med å gjøre den
506 enda bedre?&lt;/p&gt;
507 </description>
508 </item>
509
510 <item>
511 <title>Why is your site not using Content Security Policy / CSP?</title>
512 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_is_your_site_not_using_Content_Security_Policy___CSP_.html</link>
513 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Why_is_your_site_not_using_Content_Security_Policy___CSP_.html</guid>
514 <pubDate>Sun, 9 Dec 2018 15:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
515 <description>&lt;p&gt;Yesterday, I had the pleasure of watching on Frikanalen the OWASP
516 talk by Scott Helme titled
517 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://frikanalen.no/video/626080/&quot;&gt;What We’ve Learned From
518 Billions of Security Reports&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. I had not heard of the
519 &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Content_Security_Policy&quot;&gt;Content
520 Security Policy standard&lt;/a&gt; nor its ability to &quot;call home&quot; when a
521 browser detect a policy breach (I do not follow web page design
522 development much these days), and found the talk very illuminating.&lt;/p&gt;
523
524 &lt;p&gt;The mechanism allow a web site owner to use HTTP headers to tell
525 visitors web browser which sources (internal and external) are allowed to
526 be used on the web site. Thus it become possible to enforce a &quot;only
527 local content&quot; policy despite web designers urge to fetch programs
528 from random sites on the Internet, like the one
529 &lt;a href=&quot;https://securityaffairs.co/wordpress/68966/hacking/browsealoud-plugin-hack.html&quot;&gt;enabling
530 the attack&lt;/a&gt; reported by Scott Helme earlier this year.&lt;/p&gt;
531
532 &lt;p&gt;Using CSP seem like an obvious thing for a site admin to implement
533 to take some control over the information leak that occur when
534 external sources are used to render web pages, it is a mystery more
535 sites are not using CSP? It is being
536 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.w3.org/TR/CSP/&quot;&gt;standardized under W3C&lt;/a&gt; these
537 days, and is supposed by most web browsers&lt;/p&gt;
538
539 &lt;p&gt;I managed to find &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/mozilla/django-csp&quot;&gt;a
540 Django middleware for implementing CSP&lt;/a&gt; and was happy to discover
541 it was already in Debian. I plan to use it to add CSP support to the
542 Frikanalen web site soon.&lt;/p&gt;
543
544 &lt;p&gt;As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
545 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
546 &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&quot;&gt;15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
547 </description>
548 </item>
549
550 <item>
551 <title>Time for an official MIME type for patches?</title>
552 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_an_official_MIME_type_for_patches_.html</link>
553 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Time_for_an_official_MIME_type_for_patches_.html</guid>
554 <pubDate>Thu, 1 Nov 2018 08:15:00 +0100</pubDate>
555 <description>&lt;p&gt;As part of my involvement in
556 &lt;a href=&quot;https://gitlab.com/OsloMet-ABI/nikita-noark5-core&quot;&gt;the Nikita
557 archive API project&lt;/a&gt;, I&#39;ve been importing a fairly large lump of
558 emails into a test instance of the archive to see how well this would
559 go. I picked a subset of &lt;a href=&quot;https://notmuchmail.org/&quot;&gt;my
560 notmuch email database&lt;/a&gt;, all public emails sent to me via
561 @lists.debian.org, giving me a set of around 216 000 emails to import.
562 In the process, I had a look at the various attachments included in
563 these emails, to figure out what to do with attachments, and noticed
564 that one of the most common attachment formats do not have
565 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.iana.org/assignments/media-types/media-types.xhtml&quot;&gt;an
566 official MIME type&lt;/a&gt; registered with IANA/IETF. The output from
567 diff, ie the input for patch, is on the top 10 list of formats
568 included in these emails. At the moment people seem to use either
569 text/x-patch or text/x-diff, but neither is officially registered. It
570 would be better if one official MIME type were registered and used
571 everywhere.&lt;/p&gt;
572
573 &lt;p&gt;To try to get one official MIME type for these files, I&#39;ve brought
574 up the topic on
575 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.ietf.org/mailman/listinfo/media-types&quot;&gt;the
576 media-types mailing list&lt;/a&gt;. If you are interested in discussion
577 which MIME type to use as the official for patch files, or involved in
578 making software using a MIME type for patches, perhaps you would like
579 to join the discussion?&lt;/p&gt;
580
581 &lt;p&gt;As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
582 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
583 &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&quot;&gt;15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
584 </description>
585 </item>
586
587 <item>
588 <title>Release 0.2 of free software archive system Nikita announced</title>
589 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Release_0_2_of_free_software_archive_system_Nikita_announced.html</link>
590 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Release_0_2_of_free_software_archive_system_Nikita_announced.html</guid>
591 <pubDate>Thu, 18 Oct 2018 14:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
592 <description>&lt;p&gt;This morning, the new release of the
593 &lt;a href=&quot;https://gitlab.com/OsloMet-ABI/nikita-noark5-core/&quot;&gt;Nikita
594 Noark 5 core project&lt;/a&gt; was
595 &lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.nuug.no/pipermail/nikita-noark/2018-October/000406.html&quot;&gt;announced
596 on the project mailing list&lt;/a&gt;. The free software solution is an
597 implementation of the Norwegian archive standard Noark 5 used by
598 government offices in Norway. These were the changes in version 0.2
599 since version 0.1.1 (from NEWS.md):
600
601 &lt;ul&gt;
602 &lt;li&gt;Fix typos in REL names&lt;/li&gt;
603 &lt;li&gt;Tidy up error message reporting&lt;/li&gt;
604 &lt;li&gt;Fix issue where we used Integer.valueOf(), not Integer.getInteger()&lt;/li&gt;
605 &lt;li&gt;Change some String handling to StringBuffer&lt;/li&gt;
606 &lt;li&gt;Fix error reporting&lt;/li&gt;
607 &lt;li&gt;Code tidy-up&lt;/li&gt;
608 &lt;li&gt;Fix issue using static non-synchronized SimpleDateFormat to avoid
609 race conditions&lt;/li&gt;
610 &lt;li&gt;Fix problem where deserialisers were treating integers as strings&lt;/li&gt;
611 &lt;li&gt;Update methods to make them null-safe&lt;/li&gt;
612 &lt;li&gt;Fix many issues reported by coverity&lt;/li&gt;
613 &lt;li&gt;Improve equals(), compareTo() and hash() in domain model&lt;/li&gt;
614 &lt;li&gt;Improvements to the domain model for metadata classes&lt;/li&gt;
615 &lt;li&gt;Fix CORS issues when downloading document&lt;/li&gt;
616 &lt;li&gt;Implementation of case-handling with registryEntry and document upload&lt;/li&gt;
617 &lt;li&gt;Better support in Javascript for OPTIONS&lt;/li&gt;
618 &lt;li&gt;Adding concept description of mail integration&lt;/li&gt;
619 &lt;li&gt;Improve setting of default values for GET on ny-journalpost&lt;/li&gt;
620 &lt;li&gt;Better handling of required values during deserialisation &lt;/li&gt;
621 &lt;li&gt;Changed tilknyttetDato (M620) from date to dateTime&lt;/li&gt;
622 &lt;li&gt;Corrected some opprettetDato (M600) (de)serialisation errors.&lt;/li&gt;
623 &lt;li&gt;Improve parse error reporting.&lt;/li&gt;
624 &lt;li&gt;Started on OData search and filtering.&lt;/li&gt;
625 &lt;li&gt;Added Contributor Covenant Code of Conduct to project.&lt;/li&gt;
626 &lt;li&gt;Moved repository and project from Github to Gitlab.&lt;/li&gt;
627 &lt;li&gt;Restructured repository, moved code into src/ and web/.&lt;/li&gt;
628 &lt;li&gt;Updated code to use Spring Boot version 2.&lt;/li&gt;
629 &lt;li&gt;Added support for OAuth2 authentication.&lt;/li&gt;
630 &lt;li&gt;Fixed several bugs discovered by Coverity.&lt;/li&gt;
631 &lt;li&gt;Corrected handling of date/datetime fields.&lt;/li&gt;
632 &lt;li&gt;Improved error reporting when rejecting during deserializatoin.&lt;/li&gt;
633 &lt;li&gt;Adjusted default values provided for ny-arkivdel, ny-mappe,
634 ny-saksmappe, ny-journalpost and ny-dokumentbeskrivelse.&lt;/li&gt;
635 &lt;li&gt;Several fixes for korrespondansepart*.&lt;/li&gt;
636 &lt;li&gt;Updated web GUI:
637 &lt;ul&gt;
638 &lt;li&gt;Now handle both file upload and download.&lt;/li&gt;
639 &lt;li&gt;Uses new OAuth2 authentication for login.&lt;/li&gt;
640 &lt;li&gt;Forms now fetches default values from API using GET.&lt;/li&gt;
641 &lt;li&gt;Added RFC 822 (email), TIFF and JPEG to list of possible file formats.&lt;/li&gt;
642 &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
643 &lt;/ul&gt;
644
645 &lt;p&gt;The changes and improvements are extensive. Running diffstat on
646 the changes between git tab 0.1.1 and 0.2 show 1098 files changed,
647 108666 insertions(+), 54066 deletions(-).&lt;/p&gt;
648
649 &lt;p&gt;If free and open standardized archiving API sound interesting to
650 you, please contact us on IRC
651 (&lt;a href=&quot;irc://irc.freenode.net/%23nikita&quot;&gt;#nikita on
652 irc.freenode.net&lt;/a&gt;) or email
653 (&lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/nikita-noark&quot;&gt;nikita-noark
654 mailing list&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;
655
656 &lt;p&gt;As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
657 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
658 &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&quot;&gt;15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
659 </description>
660 </item>
661
662 <item>
663 <title>Release 0.1.1 of free software archive system Nikita announced</title>
664 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Release_0_1_1_of_free_software_archive_system_Nikita_announced.html</link>
665 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Release_0_1_1_of_free_software_archive_system_Nikita_announced.html</guid>
666 <pubDate>Sat, 10 Jun 2017 00:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
667 <description>&lt;p&gt;I am very happy to report that the
668 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/hiOA-ABI/nikita-noark5-core&quot;&gt;Nikita Noark 5
669 core project&lt;/a&gt; tagged its second release today. The free software
670 solution is an implementation of the Norwegian archive standard Noark
671 5 used by government offices in Norway. These were the changes in
672 version 0.1.1 since version 0.1.0 (from NEWS.md):
673
674 &lt;ul&gt;
675
676 &lt;li&gt;Continued work on the angularjs GUI, including document upload.&lt;/li&gt;
677 &lt;li&gt;Implemented correspondencepartPerson, correspondencepartUnit and
678 correspondencepartInternal&lt;/li&gt;
679 &lt;li&gt;Applied for coverity coverage and started submitting code on
680 regualr basis.&lt;/li&gt;
681 &lt;li&gt;Started fixing bugs reported by coverity&lt;/li&gt;
682 &lt;li&gt;Corrected and completed HATEOAS links to make sure entire API is
683 available via URLs in _links.&lt;/li&gt;
684 &lt;li&gt;Corrected all relation URLs to use trailing slash.&lt;/li&gt;
685 &lt;li&gt;Add initial support for storing data in ElasticSearch.&lt;/li&gt;
686 &lt;li&gt;Now able to receive and store uploaded files in the archive.&lt;/li&gt;
687 &lt;li&gt;Changed JSON output for object lists to have relations in _links.&lt;/li&gt;
688 &lt;li&gt;Improve JSON output for empty object lists.&lt;/li&gt;
689 &lt;li&gt;Now uses correct MIME type application/vnd.noark5-v4+json.&lt;/li&gt;
690 &lt;li&gt;Added support for docker container images.&lt;/li&gt;
691 &lt;li&gt;Added simple API browser implemented in JavaScript/Angular.&lt;/li&gt;
692 &lt;li&gt;Started on archive client implemented in JavaScript/Angular.&lt;/li&gt;
693 &lt;li&gt;Started on prototype to show the public mail journal.&lt;/li&gt;
694 &lt;li&gt;Improved performance by disabling Sprint FileWatcher.&lt;/li&gt;
695 &lt;li&gt;Added support for &#39;arkivskaper&#39;, &#39;saksmappe&#39; and &#39;journalpost&#39;.&lt;/li&gt;
696 &lt;li&gt;Added support for some metadata codelists.&lt;/li&gt;
697 &lt;li&gt;Added support for Cross-origin resource sharing (CORS).&lt;/li&gt;
698 &lt;li&gt;Changed login method from Basic Auth to JSON Web Token (RFC 7519)
699 style.&lt;/li&gt;
700 &lt;li&gt;Added support for GET-ing ny-* URLs.&lt;/li&gt;
701 &lt;li&gt;Added support for modifying entities using PUT and eTag.&lt;/li&gt;
702 &lt;li&gt;Added support for returning XML output on request.&lt;/li&gt;
703 &lt;li&gt;Removed support for English field and class names, limiting ourself
704 to the official names.&lt;/li&gt;
705 &lt;li&gt;...&lt;/li&gt;
706
707 &lt;/ul&gt;
708
709 &lt;p&gt;If this sound interesting to you, please contact us on IRC (#nikita
710 on irc.freenode.net) or email
711 (&lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/nikita-noark&quot;&gt;nikita-noark
712 mailing list).&lt;/p&gt;
713 </description>
714 </item>
715
716 <item>
717 <title>Idea for storing trusted timestamps in a Noark 5 archive</title>
718 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_trusted_timestamps_in_a_Noark_5_archive.html</link>
719 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Idea_for_storing_trusted_timestamps_in_a_Noark_5_archive.html</guid>
720 <pubDate>Wed, 7 Jun 2017 21:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
721 <description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;This is a copy of
722 &lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.nuug.no/pipermail/nikita-noark/2017-June/000297.html&quot;&gt;an
723 email I posted to the nikita-noark mailing list&lt;/a&gt;. Please follow up
724 there if you would like to discuss this topic. The background is that
725 we are making a free software archive system based on the Norwegian
726 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.arkivverket.no/forvaltning-og-utvikling/regelverk-og-standarder/noark-standarden&quot;&gt;Noark
727 5 standard&lt;/a&gt; for government archives.&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
728
729 &lt;p&gt;I&#39;ve been wondering a bit lately how trusted timestamps could be
730 stored in Noark 5.
731 &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trusted_timestamping&quot;&gt;Trusted
732 timestamps&lt;/a&gt; can be used to verify that some information
733 (document/file/checksum/metadata) have not been changed since a
734 specific time in the past. This is useful to verify the integrity of
735 the documents in the archive.&lt;/p&gt;
736
737 &lt;p&gt;Then it occured to me, perhaps the trusted timestamps could be
738 stored as dokument variants (ie dokumentobjekt referered to from
739 dokumentbeskrivelse) with the filename set to the hash it is
740 stamping?&lt;/p&gt;
741
742 &lt;p&gt;Given a &quot;dokumentbeskrivelse&quot; with an associated &quot;dokumentobjekt&quot;,
743 a new dokumentobjekt is associated with &quot;dokumentbeskrivelse&quot; with the
744 same attributes as the stamped dokumentobjekt except these
745 attributes:&lt;/p&gt;
746
747 &lt;ul&gt;
748
749 &lt;li&gt;format -&gt; &quot;RFC3161&quot;
750 &lt;li&gt;mimeType -&gt; &quot;application/timestamp-reply&quot;
751 &lt;li&gt;formatDetaljer -&gt; &quot;&amp;lt;source URL for timestamp service&amp;gt;&quot;
752 &lt;li&gt;filenavn -&gt; &quot;&amp;lt;sjekksum&amp;gt;.tsr&quot;
753
754 &lt;/ul&gt;
755
756 &lt;p&gt;This assume a service following
757 &lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3161&quot;&gt;IETF RFC 3161&lt;/a&gt; is
758 used, which specifiy the given MIME type for replies and the .tsr file
759 ending for the content of such trusted timestamp. As far as I can
760 tell from the Noark 5 specifications, it is OK to have several
761 variants/renderings of a dokument attached to a given
762 dokumentbeskrivelse objekt. It might be stretching it a bit to make
763 some of these variants represent crypto-signatures useful for
764 verifying the document integrity instead of representing the dokument
765 itself.&lt;/p&gt;
766
767 &lt;p&gt;Using the source of the service in formatDetaljer allow several
768 timestamping services to be used. This is useful to spread the risk
769 of key compromise over several organisations. It would only be a
770 problem to trust the timestamps if all of the organisations are
771 compromised.&lt;/p&gt;
772
773 &lt;p&gt;The following oneliner on Linux can be used to generate the tsr
774 file. $input is the path to the file to checksum, and $sha256 is the
775 SHA-256 checksum of the file (ie the &quot;&lt;sjekksum&gt;.tsr&quot; value mentioned
776 above).&lt;/p&gt;
777
778 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
779 openssl ts -query -data &quot;$inputfile&quot; -cert -sha256 -no_nonce \
780 | curl -s -H &quot;Content-Type: application/timestamp-query&quot; \
781 --data-binary &quot;@-&quot; http://zeitstempel.dfn.de &gt; $sha256.tsr
782 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
783
784 &lt;p&gt;To verify the timestamp, you first need to download the public key
785 of the trusted timestamp service, for example using this command:&lt;/p&gt;
786
787 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
788 wget -O ca-cert.txt \
789 https://pki.pca.dfn.de/global-services-ca/pub/cacert/chain.txt
790 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
791
792 &lt;p&gt;Note, the public key should be stored alongside the timestamps in
793 the archive to make sure it is also available 100 years from now. It
794 is probably a good idea to standardise how and were to store such
795 public keys, to make it easier to find for those trying to verify
796 documents 100 or 1000 years from now. :)&lt;/p&gt;
797
798 &lt;p&gt;The verification itself is a simple openssl command:&lt;/p&gt;
799
800 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
801 openssl ts -verify -data $inputfile -in $sha256.tsr \
802 -CAfile ca-cert.txt -text
803 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
804
805 &lt;p&gt;Is there any reason this approach would not work? Is it somehow against
806 the Noark 5 specification?&lt;/p&gt;
807 </description>
808 </item>
809
810 <item>
811 <title>Epost inn som arkivformat i Riksarkivarens forskrift?</title>
812 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Epost_inn_som_arkivformat_i_Riksarkivarens_forskrift_.html</link>
813 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Epost_inn_som_arkivformat_i_Riksarkivarens_forskrift_.html</guid>
814 <pubDate>Thu, 27 Apr 2017 11:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
815 <description>&lt;p&gt;I disse dager, med frist 1. mai, har Riksarkivaren ute en høring på
816 sin forskrift. Som en kan se er det ikke mye tid igjen før fristen
817 som går ut på søndag. Denne forskriften er det som lister opp hvilke
818 formater det er greit å arkivere i
819 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.arkivverket.no/arkivverket/Offentleg-forvalting/Noark/Noark-5&quot;&gt;Noark
820 5-løsninger&lt;/a&gt; i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;
821
822 &lt;p&gt;Jeg fant høringsdokumentene hos
823 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.arkivrad.no/aktuelt/riksarkivarens-forskrift-pa-horing&quot;&gt;Norsk
824 Arkivråd&lt;/a&gt; etter å ha blitt tipset på epostlisten til
825 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/hiOA-ABI/nikita-noark5-core&quot;&gt;fri
826 programvareprosjektet Nikita Noark5-Core&lt;/a&gt;, som lager et Noark 5
827 Tjenestegresesnitt. Jeg er involvert i Nikita-prosjektet og takket
828 være min interesse for tjenestegrensesnittsprosjektet har jeg lest en
829 god del Noark 5-relaterte dokumenter, og til min overraskelse oppdaget
830 at standard epost ikke er på listen over godkjente formater som kan
831 arkiveres. Høringen med frist søndag er en glimrende mulighet til å
832 forsøke å gjøre noe med det. Jeg holder på med
833 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/docs/hoering-arkivforskrift.tex&quot;&gt;egen
834 høringsuttalelse&lt;/a&gt;, og lurer på om andre er interessert i å støtte
835 forslaget om å tillate arkivering av epost som epost i arkivet.&lt;/p&gt;
836
837 &lt;p&gt;Er du igang med å skrive egen høringsuttalelse allerede? I så fall
838 kan du jo vurdere å ta med en formulering om epost-lagring. Jeg tror
839 ikke det trengs så mye. Her et kort forslag til tekst:&lt;/p&gt;
840
841 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
842
843 &lt;p&gt;Viser til høring sendt ut 2017-02-17 (Riksarkivarens referanse
844 2016/9840 HELHJO), og tillater oss å sende inn noen innspill om
845 revisjon av Forskrift om utfyllende tekniske og arkivfaglige
846 bestemmelser om behandling av offentlige arkiver (Riksarkivarens
847 forskrift).&lt;/p&gt;
848
849 &lt;p&gt;Svært mye av vår kommuikasjon foregår i dag på e-post.  Vi
850 foreslår derfor at Internett-e-post, slik det er beskrevet i IETF
851 RFC 5322,
852 &lt;a href=&quot;https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322&quot;&gt;https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5322&lt;/a&gt;. bør
853 inn som godkjent dokumentformat.  Vi foreslår at forskriftens
854 oversikt over godkjente dokumentformater ved innlevering i § 5-16
855 endres til å ta med Internett-e-post.&lt;/p&gt;
856
857 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
858
859 &lt;p&gt;Som del av arbeidet med tjenestegrensesnitt har vi testet hvordan
860 epost kan lagres i en Noark 5-struktur, og holder på å skrive et
861 forslag om hvordan dette kan gjøres som vil bli sendt over til
862 arkivverket så snart det er ferdig. De som er interesserte kan
863 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/docs/epostlagring.md&quot;&gt;følge
864 fremdriften på web&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
865
866 &lt;p&gt;Oppdatering 2017-04-28: I dag ble høringuttalelsen jeg skrev
867 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nuug.no/news/NUUGs_h_ringuttalelse_til_Riksarkivarens_forskrift.shtml&quot;&gt;sendt
868 inn av foreningen NUUG&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
869 </description>
870 </item>
871
872 <item>
873 <title>Free software archive system Nikita now able to store documents</title>
874 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_archive_system_Nikita_now_able_to_store_documents.html</link>
875 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_archive_system_Nikita_now_able_to_store_documents.html</guid>
876 <pubDate>Sun, 19 Mar 2017 08:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
877 <description>&lt;p&gt;The &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/hiOA-ABI/nikita-noark5-core&quot;&gt;Nikita
878 Noark 5 core project&lt;/a&gt; is implementing the Norwegian standard for
879 keeping an electronic archive of government documents.
880 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.arkivverket.no/arkivverket/Offentlig-forvaltning/Noark/Noark-5/English-version&quot;&gt;The
881 Noark 5 standard&lt;/a&gt; document the requirement for data systems used by
882 the archives in the Norwegian government, and the Noark 5 web interface
883 specification document a REST web service for storing, searching and
884 retrieving documents and metadata in such archive. I&#39;ve been involved
885 in the project since a few weeks before Christmas, when the Norwegian
886 Unix User Group
887 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.nuug.no/news/NOARK5_kjerne_som_fri_programvare_f_r_epostliste_hos_NUUG.shtml&quot;&gt;announced
888 it supported the project&lt;/a&gt;. I believe this is an important project,
889 and hope it can make it possible for the government archives in the
890 future to use free software to keep the archives we citizens depend
891 on. But as I do not hold such archive myself, personally my first use
892 case is to store and analyse public mail journal metadata published
893 from the government. I find it useful to have a clear use case in
894 mind when developing, to make sure the system scratches one of my
895 itches.&lt;/p&gt;
896
897 &lt;p&gt;If you would like to help make sure there is a free software
898 alternatives for the archives, please join our IRC channel
899 (&lt;a href=&quot;irc://irc.freenode.net/%23nikita&quot;&gt;#nikita on
900 irc.freenode.net&lt;/a&gt;) and
901 &lt;a href=&quot;https://lists.nuug.no/mailman/listinfo/nikita-noark&quot;&gt;the
902 project mailing list&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
903
904 &lt;p&gt;When I got involved, the web service could store metadata about
905 documents. But a few weeks ago, a new milestone was reached when it
906 became possible to store full text documents too. Yesterday, I
907 completed an implementation of a command line tool
908 &lt;tt&gt;archive-pdf&lt;/tt&gt; to upload a PDF file to the archive using this
909 API. The tool is very simple at the moment, and find existing
910 &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fonds&quot;&gt;fonds&lt;/a&gt;, series and
911 files while asking the user to select which one to use if more than
912 one exist. Once a file is identified, the PDF is associated with the
913 file and uploaded, using the title extracted from the PDF itself. The
914 process is fairly similar to visiting the archive, opening a cabinet,
915 locating a file and storing a piece of paper in the archive. Here is
916 a test run directly after populating the database with test data using
917 our API tester:&lt;/p&gt;
918
919 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
920 ~/src//noark5-tester$ ./archive-pdf mangelmelding/mangler.pdf
921 using arkiv: Title of the test fonds created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
922 using arkivdel: Title of the test series created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
923
924 0 - Title of the test case file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
925 1 - Title of the test file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
926 Select which mappe you want (or search term): 0
927 Uploading mangelmelding/mangler.pdf
928 PDF title: Mangler i spesifikasjonsdokumentet for NOARK 5 Tjenestegrensesnitt
929 File 2017/1: Title of the test case file created 2017-03-18T23:49:32.103446
930 ~/src//noark5-tester$
931 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
932
933 &lt;p&gt;You can see here how the fonds (arkiv) and serie (arkivdel) only had
934 one option, while the user need to choose which file (mappe) to use
935 among the two created by the API tester. The &lt;tt&gt;archive-pdf&lt;/tt&gt;
936 tool can be found in the git repository for the API tester.&lt;/p&gt;
937
938 &lt;p&gt;In the project, I have been mostly working on
939 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester&quot;&gt;the API
940 tester&lt;/a&gt; so far, while getting to know the code base. The API
941 tester currently use
942 &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HATEOAS&quot;&gt;the HATEOAS links&lt;/a&gt;
943 to traverse the entire exposed service API and verify that the exposed
944 operations and objects match the specification, as well as trying to
945 create objects holding metadata and uploading a simple XML file to
946 store. The tester has proved very useful for finding flaws in our
947 implementation, as well as flaws in the reference site and the
948 specification.&lt;/p&gt;
949
950 &lt;p&gt;The test document I uploaded is a summary of all the specification
951 defects we have collected so far while implementing the web service.
952 There are several unclear and conflicting parts of the specification,
953 and we have
954 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/tree/master/mangelmelding&quot;&gt;started
955 writing down&lt;/a&gt; the questions we get from implementing it. We use a
956 format inspired by how &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opengroup.org/austin/&quot;&gt;The
957 Austin Group&lt;/a&gt; collect defect reports for the POSIX standard with
958 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.opengroup.org/austin/mantis.html&quot;&gt;their
959 instructions for the MANTIS defect tracker system&lt;/a&gt;, in lack of an official way to structure defect reports for Noark 5 (our first submitted defect report was a &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/noark5-tester/blob/master/mangelmelding/sendt/2017-03-15-mangel-prosess.md&quot;&gt;request for a procedure for submitting defect reports&lt;/a&gt; :).
960
961 &lt;p&gt;The Nikita project is implemented using Java and Spring, and is
962 fairly easy to get up and running using Docker containers for those
963 that want to test the current code base. The API tester is
964 implemented in Python.&lt;/p&gt;
965 </description>
966 </item>
967
968 <item>
969 <title>Detect OOXML files with undefined behaviour?</title>
970 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detect_OOXML_files_with_undefined_behaviour_.html</link>
971 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Detect_OOXML_files_with_undefined_behaviour_.html</guid>
972 <pubDate>Tue, 21 Feb 2017 00:20:00 +0100</pubDate>
973 <description>&lt;p&gt;I just noticed
974 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.arkivrad.no/aktuelt/riksarkivarens-forskrift-pa-horing&quot;&gt;the
975 new Norwegian proposal for archiving rules in the goverment&lt;/a&gt; list
976 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ecma-international.org/publications/standards/Ecma-376.htm&quot;&gt;ECMA-376&lt;/a&gt;
977 / ISO/IEC 29500 (aka OOXML) as valid formats to put in long term
978 storage. Luckily such files will only be accepted based on
979 pre-approval from the National Archive. Allowing OOXML files to be
980 used for long term storage might seem like a good idea as long as we
981 forget that there are plenty of ways for a &quot;valid&quot; OOXML document to
982 have content with no defined interpretation in the standard, which
983 lead to a question and an idea.&lt;/p&gt;
984
985 &lt;p&gt;Is there any tool to detect if a OOXML document depend on such
986 undefined behaviour? It would be useful for the National Archive (and
987 anyone else interested in verifying that a document is well defined)
988 to have such tool available when considering to approve the use of
989 OOXML. I&#39;m aware of the
990 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/arlm/officeotron/&quot;&gt;officeotron OOXML
991 validator&lt;/a&gt;, but do not know how complete it is nor if it will
992 report use of undefined behaviour. Are there other similar tools
993 available? Please send me an email if you know of any such tool.&lt;/p&gt;
994 </description>
995 </item>
996
997 <item>
998 <title>Introducing ical-archiver to split out old iCalendar entries</title>
999 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Introducing_ical_archiver_to_split_out_old_iCalendar_entries.html</link>
1000 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Introducing_ical_archiver_to_split_out_old_iCalendar_entries.html</guid>
1001 <pubDate>Wed, 4 Jan 2017 12:20:00 +0100</pubDate>
1002 <description>&lt;p&gt;Do you have a large &lt;a href=&quot;https://icalendar.org/&quot;&gt;iCalendar&lt;/a&gt;
1003 file with lots of old entries, and would like to archive them to save
1004 space and resources? At least those of us using KOrganizer know that
1005 turning on and off an event set become slower and slower the more
1006 entries are in the set. While working on migrating our calendars to a
1007 &lt;a href=&quot;http://radicale.org/&quot;&gt;Radicale CalDAV server&lt;/a&gt; on our
1008 &lt;a href=&quot;https://freedomboxfoundation.org/&quot;&gt;Freedombox server&lt;/a/&gt;, my
1009 loved one wondered if I could find a way to split up the calendar file
1010 she had in KOrganizer, and I set out to write a tool. I spent a few
1011 days writing and polishing the system, and it is now ready for general
1012 consumption. The
1013 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/ical-archiver&quot;&gt;code for
1014 ical-archiver&lt;/a&gt; is publicly available from a git repository on
1015 github. The system is written in Python and depend on
1016 &lt;a href=&quot;http://eventable.github.io/vobject/&quot;&gt;the vobject Python
1017 module&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
1018
1019 &lt;p&gt;To use it, locate the iCalendar file you want to operate on and
1020 give it as an argument to the ical-archiver script. This will
1021 generate a set of new files, one file per component type per year for
1022 all components expiring more than two years in the past. The vevent,
1023 vtodo and vjournal entries are handled by the script. The remaining
1024 entries are stored in a &#39;remaining&#39; file.&lt;/p&gt;
1025
1026 &lt;p&gt;This is what a test run can look like:
1027
1028 &lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
1029 % ical-archiver t/2004-2016.ics
1030 Found 3612 vevents
1031 Found 6 vtodos
1032 Found 2 vjournals
1033 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2004.ics
1034 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2005.ics
1035 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2006.ics
1036 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2007.ics
1037 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2008.ics
1038 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2009.ics
1039 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2010.ics
1040 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2011.ics
1041 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2012.ics
1042 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2013.ics
1043 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2014.ics
1044 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vjournal-2007.ics
1045 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vjournal-2011.ics
1046 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vtodo-2012.ics
1047 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-remaining.ics
1048 %
1049 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1050
1051 &lt;p&gt;As you can see, the original file is untouched and new files are
1052 written with names derived from the original file. If you are happy
1053 with their content, the *-remaining.ics file can replace the original
1054 the the others can be archived or imported as historical calendar
1055 collections.&lt;/p&gt;
1056
1057 &lt;p&gt;The script should probably be improved a bit. The error handling
1058 when discovering broken entries is not good, and I am not sure yet if
1059 it make sense to split different entry types into separate files or
1060 not. The program is thus likely to change. If you find it
1061 interesting, please get in touch. :)&lt;/p&gt;
1062
1063 &lt;p&gt;As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
1064 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
1065 &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&quot;&gt;15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
1066 </description>
1067 </item>
1068
1069 <item>
1070 <title>UsingQR - &quot;Electronic&quot; paper invoices using JSON and QR codes</title>
1071 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/UsingQR____Electronic__paper_invoices_using_JSON_and_QR_codes.html</link>
1072 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/UsingQR____Electronic__paper_invoices_using_JSON_and_QR_codes.html</guid>
1073 <pubDate>Sat, 19 Mar 2016 09:40:00 +0100</pubDate>
1074 <description>&lt;p&gt;Back in 2013 I proposed
1075 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Electronic__paper_invoices___using_vCard_in_a_QR_code.html&quot;&gt;a
1076 way to make paper and PDF invoices easier to process electronically by
1077 adding a QR code with the key information about the invoice&lt;/a&gt;. I
1078 suggested using vCard field definition, to get some standard format
1079 for name and address, but any format would work. I did not do
1080 anything about the proposal, but hoped someone one day would make
1081 something like it. It would make it possible to efficiently send
1082 machine readable invoices directly between seller and buyer.&lt;/p&gt;
1083
1084 &lt;p&gt;This was the background when I came across a proposal and
1085 specification from the web based accounting and invoicing supplier
1086 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.visma.com/&quot;&gt;Visma&lt;/a&gt; in Sweden called
1087 &lt;a href=&quot;http://usingqr.com/&quot;&gt;UsingQR&lt;/a&gt;. Their PDF invoices contain
1088 a QR code with the key information of the invoice in JSON format.
1089 This is the typical content of a QR code following the UsingQR
1090 specification (based on a real world example, some numbers replaced to
1091 get a more bogus entry). I&#39;ve reformatted the JSON to make it easier
1092 to read. Normally this is all on one long line:&lt;/p&gt;
1093
1094 &lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2016-03-19-qr-invoice.png&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
1095 {
1096 &quot;vh&quot;:500.00,
1097 &quot;vm&quot;:0,
1098 &quot;vl&quot;:0,
1099 &quot;uqr&quot;:1,
1100 &quot;tp&quot;:1,
1101 &quot;nme&quot;:&quot;Din Leverandør&quot;,
1102 &quot;cc&quot;:&quot;NO&quot;,
1103 &quot;cid&quot;:&quot;997912345 MVA&quot;,
1104 &quot;iref&quot;:&quot;12300001&quot;,
1105 &quot;idt&quot;:&quot;20151022&quot;,
1106 &quot;ddt&quot;:&quot;20151105&quot;,
1107 &quot;due&quot;:2500.0000,
1108 &quot;cur&quot;:&quot;NOK&quot;,
1109 &quot;pt&quot;:&quot;BBAN&quot;,
1110 &quot;acc&quot;:&quot;17202612345&quot;,
1111 &quot;bc&quot;:&quot;BIENNOK1&quot;,
1112 &quot;adr&quot;:&quot;0313 OSLO&quot;
1113 }
1114 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1115
1116 &lt;/p&gt;The interpretation of the fields can be found in the
1117 &lt;a href=&quot;http://usingqr.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/UsingQR_specification1.pdf&quot;&gt;format
1118 specification&lt;/a&gt; (revision 2 from june 2014). The format seem to
1119 have most of the information needed to handle accounting and payment
1120 of invoices, at least the fields I have needed so far here in
1121 Norway.&lt;/p&gt;
1122
1123 &lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, the site and document do not mention anything about
1124 the patent, trademark and copyright status of the format and the
1125 specification. Because of this, I asked the people behind it back in
1126 November to clarify. Ann-Christine Savlid (ann-christine.savlid (at)
1127 visma.com) replied that Visma had not applied for patent or trademark
1128 protection for this format, and that there were no copyright based
1129 usage limitations for the format. I urged her to make sure this was
1130 explicitly written on the web pages and in the specification, but
1131 unfortunately this has not happened yet. So I guess if there is
1132 submarine patents, hidden trademarks or a will to sue for copyright
1133 infringements, those starting to use the UsingQR format might be at
1134 risk, but if this happen there is some legal defense in the fact that
1135 the people behind the format claimed it was safe to do so. At least
1136 with patents, there is always
1137 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paperspecs.com/paper-news/beware-the-qr-code-patent-trap/&quot;&gt;a
1138 chance of getting sued...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1139
1140 &lt;p&gt;I also asked if they planned to maintain the format in an
1141 independent standard organization to give others more confidence that
1142 they would participate in the standardization process on equal terms
1143 with Visma, but they had no immediate plans for this. Their plan was
1144 to work with banks to try to get more users of the format, and
1145 evaluate the way forward if the format proved to be popular. I hope
1146 they conclude that using an open standard organisation like
1147 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ietf.org/&quot;&gt;IETF&lt;/a&gt; is the correct place to
1148 maintain such specification.&lt;/p&gt;
1149
1150 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 2016-03-20&lt;/strong&gt;: Via Twitter I became aware of
1151 &lt;a href=&quot;https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11319492&quot;&gt;some comments
1152 about this blog post&lt;/a&gt; that had several useful links and references to
1153 similar systems. In the Czech republic, the Czech Banking Association
1154 standard #26, with short name SPAYD, uses QR codes with payment
1155 information. More information is available from the Wikipedia page on
1156 &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_Payment_Descriptor&quot;&gt;Short
1157 Payment Descriptor&lt;/a&gt;. And in Germany, there is a system named
1158 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bezahlcode.de/&quot;&gt;BezahlCode&lt;/a&gt;,
1159 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bezahlcode.de/wp-content/uploads/BezahlCode_TechDok.pdf&quot;&gt;specification
1160 v1.8 2013-12-05 available as PDF&lt;/a&gt;), which uses QR codes with
1161 URL-like formatting using &quot;bank:&quot; as the URI schema/protocol to
1162 provide the payment information. There is also the
1163 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ferd-net.de/front_content.php?idcat=231&quot;&gt;ZUGFeRD&lt;/a&gt;
1164 file format that perhaps could be transfered using QR codes, but I am
1165 not sure if it is done already. Last, in Bolivia there are reports
1166 that tax information since november 2014 need to be printed in QR
1167 format on invoices. I have not been able to track down a
1168 specification for this format, because of my limited language skill
1169 sets.&lt;/p&gt;
1170 </description>
1171 </item>
1172
1173 <item>
1174 <title>MPEG LA on &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot; licensing and non-private use</title>
1175 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_on__Internet_Broadcast_AVC_Video__licensing_and_non_private_use.html</link>
1176 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_on__Internet_Broadcast_AVC_Video__licensing_and_non_private_use.html</guid>
1177 <pubDate>Tue, 7 Jul 2015 09:50:00 +0200</pubDate>
1178 <description>&lt;p&gt;After asking the Norwegian Broadcasting Company (NRK)
1179 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html&quot;&gt;why
1180 they can broadcast and stream H.264 video without an agreement with
1181 the MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt;, I was wiser, but still confused. So I asked MPEG LA
1182 if their understanding matched that of NRK. As far as I can tell, it
1183 does not.&lt;/p&gt;
1184
1185 &lt;p&gt;I started by asking for more information about the various
1186 licensing classes and what exactly is covered by the &quot;Internet
1187 Broadcast AVC Video&quot; class that NRK pointed me at to explain why NRK
1188 did not need a license for streaming H.264 video:
1189
1190 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1191
1192 &lt;p&gt;According to
1193 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf&quot;&gt;a
1194 MPEG LA press release dated 2010-02-02&lt;/a&gt;, there is no charge when
1195 using MPEG AVC/H.264 according to the terms of &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
1196 Video&quot;. I am trying to understand exactly what the terms of &quot;Internet
1197 Broadcast AVC Video&quot; is, and wondered if you could help me. What
1198 exactly is covered by these terms, and what is not?&lt;/p&gt;
1199
1200 &lt;p&gt;The only source of more information I have been able to find is a
1201 PDF named
1202 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf&quot;&gt;AVC
1203 Patent Portfolio License Briefing&lt;/a&gt;, which states this about the
1204 fees:&lt;/p&gt;
1205
1206 &lt;ul&gt;
1207 &lt;li&gt;Where End User pays for AVC Video
1208 &lt;ul&gt;
1209 &lt;li&gt;Subscription (not limited by title) – 100,000 or fewer
1210 subscribers/yr = no royalty; &amp;gt; 100,000 to 250,000 subscribers/yr =
1211 $25,000; &amp;gt;250,000 to 500,000 subscribers/yr = $50,000; &amp;gt;500,000 to
1212 1M subscribers/yr = $75,000; &amp;gt;1M subscribers/yr = $100,000&lt;/li&gt;
1213
1214 &lt;li&gt;Title-by-Title - 12 minutes or less = no royalty; &amp;gt;12 minutes in
1215 length = lower of (a) 2% or (b) $0.02 per title&lt;/li&gt;
1216 &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1217
1218 &lt;li&gt;Where remuneration is from other sources
1219 &lt;ul&gt;
1220 &lt;li&gt;Free Television - (a) one-time $2,500 per transmission encoder or
1221 (b) annual fee starting at $2,500 for &amp;gt; 100,000 HH rising to
1222 maximum $10,000 for &amp;gt;1,000,000 HH&lt;/li&gt;
1223
1224 &lt;li&gt;Internet Broadcast AVC Video (not title-by-title, not subscription)
1225 – no royalty for life of the AVC Patent Portfolio License&lt;/li&gt;
1226 &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1227 &lt;/ul&gt;
1228
1229 &lt;p&gt;Am I correct in assuming that the four categories listed is the
1230 categories used when selecting licensing terms, and that &quot;Internet
1231 Broadcast AVC Video&quot; is the category for things that do not fall into
1232 one of the other three categories? Can you point me to a good source
1233 explaining what is ment by &quot;title-by-title&quot; and &quot;Free Television&quot; in
1234 the license terms for AVC/H.264?&lt;/p&gt;
1235
1236 &lt;p&gt;Will a web service providing H.264 encoded video content in a
1237 &quot;video on demand&quot; fashing similar to Youtube and Vimeo, where no
1238 subscription is required and no payment is required from end users to
1239 get access to the videos, fall under the terms of the &quot;Internet
1240 Broadcast AVC Video&quot;, ie no royalty for life of the AVC Patent
1241 Portfolio license? Does it matter if some users are subscribed to get
1242 access to personalized services?&lt;/p&gt;
1243
1244 &lt;p&gt;Note, this request and all answers will be published on the
1245 Internet.&lt;/p&gt;
1246 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1247
1248 &lt;p&gt;The answer came quickly from Benjamin J. Myers, Licensing Associate
1249 with the MPEG LA:&lt;/p&gt;
1250
1251 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1252 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your message and for your interest in MPEG LA. We
1253 appreciate hearing from you and I will be happy to assist you.&lt;/p&gt;
1254
1255 &lt;p&gt;As you are aware, MPEG LA offers our AVC Patent Portfolio License
1256 which provides coverage under patents that are essential for use of
1257 the AVC/H.264 Standard (MPEG-4 Part 10). Specifically, coverage is
1258 provided for end products and video content that make use of AVC/H.264
1259 technology. Accordingly, the party offering such end products and
1260 video to End Users concludes the AVC License and is responsible for
1261 paying the applicable royalties.&lt;/p&gt;
1262
1263 &lt;p&gt;Regarding Internet Broadcast AVC Video, the AVC License generally
1264 defines such content to be video that is distributed to End Users over
1265 the Internet free-of-charge. Therefore, if a party offers a service
1266 which allows users to upload AVC/H.264 video to its website, and such
1267 AVC Video is delivered to End Users for free, then such video would
1268 receive coverage under the sublicense for Internet Broadcast AVC
1269 Video, which is not subject to any royalties for the life of the AVC
1270 License. This would also apply in the scenario where a user creates a
1271 free online account in order to receive a customized offering of free
1272 AVC Video content. In other words, as long as the End User is given
1273 access to or views AVC Video content at no cost to the End User, then
1274 no royalties would be payable under our AVC License.&lt;/p&gt;
1275
1276 &lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if End Users pay for access to AVC Video for a
1277 specific period of time (e.g., one month, one year, etc.), then such
1278 video would constitute Subscription AVC Video. In cases where AVC
1279 Video is delivered to End Users on a pay-per-view basis, then such
1280 content would constitute Title-by-Title AVC Video. If a party offers
1281 Subscription or Title-by-Title AVC Video to End Users, then they would
1282 be responsible for paying the applicable royalties you noted below.&lt;/p&gt;
1283
1284 &lt;p&gt;Finally, in the case where AVC Video is distributed for free
1285 through an &quot;over-the-air, satellite and/or cable transmission&quot;, then
1286 such content would constitute Free Television AVC Video and would be
1287 subject to the applicable royalties.&lt;/p&gt;
1288
1289 &lt;p&gt;For your reference, I have attached
1290 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-07-07-mpegla.pdf&quot;&gt;a
1291 .pdf copy of the AVC License&lt;/a&gt;. You will find the relevant
1292 sublicense information regarding AVC Video in Sections 2.2 through
1293 2.5, and the corresponding royalties in Section 3.1.2 through 3.1.4.
1294 You will also find the definitions of Title-by-Title AVC Video,
1295 Subscription AVC Video, Free Television AVC Video, and Internet
1296 Broadcast AVC Video in Section 1 of the License. Please note that the
1297 electronic copy is provided for informational purposes only and cannot
1298 be used for execution.&lt;/p&gt;
1299
1300 &lt;p&gt;I hope the above information is helpful. If you have additional
1301 questions or need further assistance with the AVC License, please feel
1302 free to contact me directly.&lt;/p&gt;
1303 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1304
1305 &lt;p&gt;Having a fresh copy of the license text was useful, and knowing
1306 that the definition of Title-by-Title required payment per title made
1307 me aware that my earlier understanding of that phrase had been wrong.
1308 But I still had a few questions:&lt;/p&gt;
1309
1310 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1311 &lt;p&gt;I have a small followup question. Would it be possible for me to get
1312 a license with MPEG LA even if there are no royalties to be paid? The
1313 reason I ask, is that some video related products have a copyright
1314 clause limiting their use without a license with MPEG LA. The clauses
1315 typically look similar to this:
1316
1317 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1318 This product is licensed under the AVC patent portfolio license for
1319 the personal and non-commercial use of a consumer to (a) encode
1320 video in compliance with the AVC standard (&quot;AVC video&quot;) and/or (b)
1321 decode AVC video that was encoded by a consumer engaged in a
1322 personal and non-commercial activity and/or AVC video that was
1323 obtained from a video provider licensed to provide AVC video. No
1324 license is granted or shall be implied for any other use. additional
1325 information may be obtained from MPEG LA L.L.C.
1326 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1327
1328 &lt;p&gt;It is unclear to me if this clause mean that I need to enter into
1329 an agreement with MPEG LA to use the product in question, even if
1330 there are no royalties to be paid to MPEG LA. I suspect it will
1331 differ depending on the jurisdiction, and mine is Norway. What is
1332 MPEG LAs view on this?&lt;/p&gt;
1333 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1334
1335 &lt;p&gt;According to the answer, MPEG LA believe those using such tools for
1336 non-personal or commercial use need a license with them:&lt;/p&gt;
1337
1338 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1339
1340 &lt;p&gt;With regard to the Notice to Customers, I would like to begin by
1341 clarifying that the Notice from Section 7.1 of the AVC License
1342 reads:&lt;/p&gt;
1343
1344 &lt;p&gt;THIS PRODUCT IS LICENSED UNDER THE AVC PATENT PORTFOLIO LICENSE FOR
1345 THE PERSONAL USE OF A CONSUMER OR OTHER USES IN WHICH IT DOES NOT
1346 RECEIVE REMUNERATION TO (i) ENCODE VIDEO IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE AVC
1347 STANDARD (&quot;AVC VIDEO&quot;) AND/OR (ii) DECODE AVC VIDEO THAT WAS ENCODED
1348 BY A CONSUMER ENGAGED IN A PERSONAL ACTIVITY AND/OR WAS OBTAINED FROM
1349 A VIDEO PROVIDER LICENSED TO PROVIDE AVC VIDEO. NO LICENSE IS GRANTED
1350 OR SHALL BE IMPLIED FOR ANY OTHER USE. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION MAY BE
1351 OBTAINED FROM MPEG LA, L.L.C. SEE HTTP://WWW.MPEGLA.COM&lt;/p&gt;
1352
1353 &lt;p&gt;The Notice to Customers is intended to inform End Users of the
1354 personal usage rights (for example, to watch video content) included
1355 with the product they purchased, and to encourage any party using the
1356 product for commercial purposes to contact MPEG LA in order to become
1357 licensed for such use (for example, when they use an AVC Product to
1358 deliver Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free Television or Internet
1359 Broadcast AVC Video to End Users, or to re-Sell a third party&#39;s AVC
1360 Product as their own branded AVC Product).&lt;/p&gt;
1361
1362 &lt;p&gt;Therefore, if a party is to be licensed for its use of an AVC
1363 Product to Sell AVC Video on a Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free
1364 Television or Internet Broadcast basis, that party would need to
1365 conclude the AVC License, even in the case where no royalties were
1366 payable under the License. On the other hand, if that party (either a
1367 Consumer or business customer) simply uses an AVC Product for their
1368 own internal purposes and not for the commercial purposes referenced
1369 above, then such use would be included in the royalty paid for the AVC
1370 Products by the licensed supplier.&lt;/p&gt;
1371
1372 &lt;p&gt;Finally, I note that our AVC License provides worldwide coverage in
1373 countries that have AVC Patent Portfolio Patents, including
1374 Norway.&lt;/p&gt;
1375
1376 &lt;p&gt;I hope this clarification is helpful. If I may be of any further
1377 assistance, just let me know.&lt;/p&gt;
1378 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1379
1380 &lt;p&gt;The mentioning of Norwegian patents made me a bit confused, so I
1381 asked for more information:&lt;/p&gt;
1382
1383 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1384
1385 &lt;p&gt;But one minor question at the end. If I understand you correctly,
1386 you state in the quote above that there are patents in the AVC Patent
1387 Portfolio that are valid in Norway. This make me believe I read the
1388 list available from &amp;lt;URL:
1389 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/PatentList.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/PatentList.aspx&lt;/a&gt;
1390 &amp;gt; incorrectly, as I believed the &quot;NO&quot; prefix in front of patents
1391 were Norwegian patents, and the only one I could find under Mitsubishi
1392 Electric Corporation expired in 2012. Which patents are you referring
1393 to that are relevant for Norway?&lt;/p&gt;
1394
1395 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1396
1397 &lt;p&gt;Again, the quick answer explained how to read the list of patents
1398 in that list:&lt;/p&gt;
1399
1400 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1401
1402 &lt;p&gt;Your understanding is correct that the last AVC Patent Portfolio
1403 Patent in Norway expired on 21 October 2012. Therefore, where AVC
1404 Video is both made and Sold in Norway after that date, then no
1405 royalties would be payable for such AVC Video under the AVC License.
1406 With that said, our AVC License provides historic coverage for AVC
1407 Products and AVC Video that may have been manufactured or Sold before
1408 the last Norwegian AVC patent expired. I would also like to clarify
1409 that coverage is provided for the country of manufacture and the
1410 country of Sale that has active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents.&lt;/p&gt;
1411
1412 &lt;p&gt;Therefore, if a party offers AVC Products or AVC Video for Sale in
1413 a country with active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents (for example,
1414 Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc.), then that party would still need
1415 coverage under the AVC License even if such products or video are
1416 initially made in a country without active AVC Patent Portfolio
1417 Patents (for example, Norway). Similarly, a party would need to
1418 conclude the AVC License if they make AVC Products or AVC Video in a
1419 country with active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents, but eventually Sell
1420 such AVC Products or AVC Video in a country without active AVC Patent
1421 Portfolio Patents.&lt;/p&gt;
1422 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1423
1424 &lt;p&gt;As far as I understand it, MPEG LA believe anyone using Adobe
1425 Premiere and other video related software with a H.264 distribution
1426 license need a license agreement with MPEG LA to use such tools for
1427 anything non-private or commercial, while it is OK to set up a
1428 Youtube-like service as long as no-one pays to get access to the
1429 content. I still have no clear idea how this applies to Norway, where
1430 none of the patents MPEG LA is licensing are valid. Will the
1431 copyright terms take precedence or can those terms be ignored because
1432 the patents are not valid in Norway?&lt;/p&gt;
1433 </description>
1434 </item>
1435
1436 <item>
1437 <title>Hva gjør at NRK kan distribuere H.264-video uten patentavtale med MPEG LA?</title>
1438 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html</link>
1439 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html</guid>
1440 <pubDate>Wed, 10 Jun 2015 15:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
1441 <description>&lt;p&gt;Helt siden jeg i 2012 fikk beskjed fra MPEG LA om at
1442 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_mener_NRK_m__ha_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html&quot;&gt;NRK
1443 trengte patentavtale med dem&lt;/a&gt; hvis de distribuerte H.264-video til
1444 sluttbrukere, har jeg lurt på hva som gjør at NRK ikke har slik
1445 avtale. For noen dager siden fikk jeg endelig gjort noe med min
1446 undring, og sendte 2015-05-28 følgende epost til info (at) nrk.no med
1447 tittel &quot;Hva gjør at NRK kan distribuere H.264-video uten patentavtale
1448 med MPEG LA?&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;
1449
1450 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1451 &lt;p&gt;Jeg lurer på en ting rundt NRKs bruk av H.264-video på sine
1452 websider samt distribusjon via RiksTV og kabel-TV. Har NRK vurdert om
1453 det er behov for en patentavtale med
1454 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/&quot;&gt;MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt; slik det står i
1455 programvarelisensene til blant annet Apple Final Cut Studio, Adobe
1456 Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X?&lt;/p&gt;
1457
1458 &lt;p&gt;Hvis dere har vurdert dette, hva var utfallet av en slik vurdering?&lt;/p&gt;
1459
1460 &lt;p&gt;Hvis dere ikke har vurdert dette, har NRK planer om å vurdere behovet
1461 for patentavtale?&lt;/p&gt;
1462
1463 &lt;p&gt;I følge en artikkel på
1464 &lt;a href=&quot;https://nrkbeta.no/2012/02/01/siste-kutt-for-final-cut/&quot;&gt;NRK
1465 Beta i 2012&lt;/a&gt; har NRK brukt eller testet både Apple Final Cut
1466 Studio, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X til bruk
1467 for å redigere video før sending. Alle disse har bruksvilkår
1468 understøttet av opphavsretten som sier at de kun kan brukes til å lage
1469 filmer til personlig og ikke-kommersiell bruk - med mindre en har en
1470 lisensavtale med MPEG LA om bruk av patenter utstedt i USA for H.264.
1471 Se f.eks. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.avid.com/static/resources/common/documents/corporate/LICENSE.pdf&quot;&gt;bruksvilkårene for Avid&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://news.cnet.com/8301-30685_3-20000101-264.html&quot;&gt;Adobe Premiere&lt;/a&gt; og &lt;a href=&quot;http://images.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/finalcutstudio2.pdf&quot;&gt;Apple Final
1472 Cut Studio&lt;/a&gt; og søk etter &quot;MPEG LA&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
1473
1474 &lt;p&gt;Dette får meg til å lure på om det er brudd på opphavsretten å bruke
1475 disse verktøyene i strid med bruksvilkårene uten patentavtale med MPEG
1476 LA. Men NRK bruker jo tilsynelatende disse verktøyene uten patentavtale
1477 med MPEG LA.&lt;/p&gt;
1478
1479 &lt;p&gt;I følge forfatteren av Open Broadcast Encoder finnes det to typer
1480 H.264-relaterte avtaler en kan få med MPEG LA. Det er én for å lage
1481 programvare og utstyr som produserer H.264-video, og en annen for å
1482 kringkaste video som bruker H.264. Dette forteller meg at selv om
1483 produsentene av utstyr og programvare som NRK bruker har en slik avtale
1484 med MPEG LA, så trenges det en egen avtale for å kringkaste video på det
1485 formatet.&lt;/p&gt;
1486
1487 &lt;p&gt;I følge Ryan Rodriguez hos MPEG LA, da jeg spurte ham på epost i
1488 juni 2012, har NRK ikke en slik avtale med MPEG LA. Han sa videre at
1489 NRK trenger en slik avtale hvis NRK tilbyr H.264-kodet video til
1490 sluttbrukere. Jeg sjekket listen med
1491 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Licensees.aspx&quot;&gt;organisasjoner
1492 med avtale med MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt; og NRK står fortsatt ikke der.&lt;/p&gt;
1493
1494 &lt;p&gt;Jeg lurer dermed på hva som gjør at NRK kan bruke de overnevnte
1495 videoredigeringsverktøyene, som tilsynelatende har krav om avtale med
1496 MPEG LA for å kunne brukes slik NRK bruker dem, til å lage videofiler
1497 for distribusjon uten å ha en avtale med MPEG LA om distribusjon av
1498 H.264-video? Dette er spesielt interessant å vite for oss andre som
1499 også vurderer å spre H.264-video etter å ha redigert dem med disse mye
1500 brukte videoredigeringsverktøyene.&lt;/p&gt;
1501 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1502
1503 &lt;p&gt;Samme dag fikk jeg automatisk svar om at min henvendelse hadde fått
1504 saksid 1294699. Jeg fikk deretter følgende respons fra NRK
1505 2015-06-09:&lt;/p&gt;
1506
1507 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1508 &lt;p&gt;Hei, beklager lang svartid, men det tok litt tid å finne ut hvem som kunne
1509 svare på dette.&lt;/p&gt;
1510
1511 &lt;p&gt;For selskaper som leverer h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett (f.eks
1512 NRKs nett- tv utgaver som bruker h.264) - og som leverer slike
1513 tjenester uten betaling fra forbrukere – er det heller ikke påkrevd
1514 noen patentavtale.&lt;/p&gt;
1515
1516 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&quot;&gt;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1517
1518 &lt;p&gt;Med vennlig hilsen
1519 &lt;br&gt;Gunn Helen Berg
1520 &lt;br&gt;Informasjonskonsulent, Publikumsservice&lt;/p&gt;
1521
1522 &lt;p&gt;NRK
1523 &lt;br&gt;Strategidivisjonen
1524 &lt;Br&gt;Sentralbord: +47 23 04 70 00
1525 &lt;br&gt;Post: NRK Publikumsservice, 8608 Mo i Rana
1526 &lt;br&gt;nrk.no / info (at) nrk.no&lt;/p&gt;
1527 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1528
1529 Da dette ikke helt var svar på det jeg lurte på, sendte jeg samme dag
1530 oppfølgerepost tilbake:
1531
1532 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1533 &lt;p&gt;[Gunn Helen Berg]
1534 &lt;br&gt;&gt; Hei, beklager lang svartid, men det tok litt tid å finne ut hvem som
1535 &lt;br&gt;&gt; kunne svare på dette.&lt;/p&gt;
1536
1537 &lt;p&gt;Takk for svar. Men det besvarte ikke helt det jeg spurte om.&lt;/p&gt;
1538
1539 &lt;p&gt;&gt; For selskaper som leverer h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett (f.eks NRKs
1540 &lt;br&gt;&gt; nett- tv utgaver som bruker h.264) - og som leverer slike tjenester
1541 &lt;br&gt;&gt; uten betaling fra forbrukere – er det heller ikke påkrevd noen
1542 &lt;br&gt;&gt; patentavtale.
1543 &lt;br&gt;&gt;
1544 &lt;br&gt;&gt; http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&lt;/p&gt;
1545
1546 &lt;p&gt;Spørsmålet er ikke kun om MPEG LA krever patentavtale eller ikke
1547 (hvilket ikke helt besvares av pressemeldingen omtalt over, gitt at
1548 pressemeldingen kom i 2010, to år før MPEG LA ansvarlige for
1549 internasjonal lisensiering egen Ryan Rodriguez fortalte meg på epost
1550 at NRK trenger en lisens.&lt;/p&gt;
1551
1552 &lt;p&gt;Det er uklart fra pressemeldingen hva &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
1553 Video&quot; konkret betyr, men i følge en
1554 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf&quot;&gt;presentasjon
1555 fra MPEG LA med tema &quot;AVC PAtent Portfoli License Briefing&quot; datert
1556 2015-05-15&lt;/a&gt; gjelder &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot; kun kringkasting
1557 på Internet som ikke tilbyr valg av enkeltinnslag (&quot;not
1558 title-by-title&quot;), hvilket jo NRK gjør på sine nettsider. I tillegg
1559 kringkaster jo NRK H.264-video også utenom Internet (RiksTV, kabel,
1560 satelitt), hvilket helt klart ikke er dekket av vilkårene omtalt i
1561 pressemeldingen.&lt;/p&gt;
1562
1563 &lt;p&gt;Spørsmålet mitt er hvordan NRK kan bruke verktøy med bruksvilkår
1564 som krever avtale med MPEG LA for det NRK bruker dem til, når NRK ikke
1565 har avtale med MPEG LA. Hvis jeg forsto spørsmålet riktig, så mener
1566 NRK at dere ikke trenger avtale med MPEG LA, men uten slik avtale kan
1567 dere vel ikke bruke hverken Apple Final Cut Studio, Adobe Premiere
1568 Pro, Avid eller Apples Final Cut Pro X for å redigere video før
1569 sending?&lt;/p&gt;
1570
1571 &lt;p&gt;Mine konkrete spørsmål var altså:&lt;/p&gt;
1572
1573 &lt;ul&gt;
1574
1575 &lt;li&gt;Hvis NRK har vurdert om det er behov for en patentavtale med MPEG LA
1576 slik det er krav om i programvarelisensene til blant annet Apple
1577 Final Cut Studio, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X,
1578 hva var utfallet av en slik vurdering? Kan jeg få kopi av vurderingen
1579 hvis den er gjort skriftlig?&lt;/li&gt;
1580
1581 &lt;li&gt;Hvis NRK ikke har vurdert dette, har NRK planer om å vurdere behovet
1582 for patentavtale?&lt;/li&gt;
1583
1584 &lt;li&gt;Hva slags saksnummer fikk min henvendelse i NRKs offentlige
1585 postjournal? Jeg ser at postjournalen ikke er publisert for den
1586 aktuelle perioden ennå, så jeg fikk ikke sjekket selv.&lt;/li&gt;
1587
1588 &lt;/ul&gt;
1589 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1590
1591 &lt;p&gt;Det hjelper å ha funnet rette vedkommende i NRK, for denne gangen
1592 fikk jeg svar tilbake dagen etter (2015-06-10), fra Geir Børdalen i
1593 NRK:&lt;/p&gt;
1594
1595 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1596 &lt;p&gt;Hei Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
1597
1598 &lt;p&gt;Jeg har sjekket saken med distribusjonssjef for tv, Arild Hellgren
1599 (som var teknologidirektør da bakkenettet ble satt opp). NRK v/
1600 Hellgren hadde møte med MPEG LA sammen med den europeiske
1601 kringkastingsunionen EBU før bakkenettet for TV ble satt opp
1602 (igangsatt høsten 2007). I dette møtet ble det avklart at NRK/EBU ikke
1603 trengte noen patentavtale for h.264 i forbindelse med oppsett av
1604 bakkenettet eller bruk av MPEG4 h.264 som kompresjonsalgoritme fordi
1605 tjenesten «in full»(nor: helt) var betalt av utsendelseselskapene og
1606 ikke av forbrukerne.&lt;/p&gt;
1607
1608 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nrk.no/oppdrag/digitalt-bakkenett-1.3214555&quot;&gt;http://www.nrk.no/oppdrag/digitalt-bakkenett-1.3214555&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1609
1610 &lt;p&gt;Det er også klart slått fast at selskaper som leverer video basert
1611 på MPEG4 h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett, heller ikke påkrevd noen
1612 patentavtale – så lenge de leverer slike tjenester uten betaling fra
1613 sluttbrukere.&lt;/p&gt;
1614
1615 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&quot;&gt;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&lt;/a&gt;
1616
1617 &lt;p&gt;“MPEG LA announced today that its AVC Patent Portfolio License will
1618 continue not to charge royalties for Internet Video that is free to
1619 end users (known as “Internet Broadcast AVC Video”) during the entire
1620 life of this License. MPEG LA previously announced it would not charge
1621 royalties for such video through December 31, 2015 (see
1622 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf&lt;/a&gt;),
1623 and today’s announcement makes clear that royalties will continue not
1624 to be charged for such video beyond that time. Products and services
1625 other than Internet Broadcast AVC Video continue to be
1626 royalty-bearing.”&lt;/p&gt;
1627
1628 &lt;p&gt;Vi har derfor ikke noe behov for å vurdere noen patentavtale med
1629 MPEG LA.&lt;/p&gt;
1630
1631 &lt;p&gt;Understreker for øvrig at NRK ikke er låst til MPEG4 – h.264 som
1632 utsendelsesformat – og at vi har brukt og bruker flere andre
1633 alternativer i våre tjenester. Ulike «devicer» har ofte behov for
1634 forskjellige løsninger – og NRK har forsøkt å levere med best mulig
1635 kvalitet /økonomi /stabilitet avhengig av
1636 plattform. Produksjonsformater i NRK spenner for øvrig over en rekke
1637 forskjellige formater – hvor MPEG4 bare er en av disse. Når NRK kjøper
1638 teknisk utstyr er betaling for kodekstøtte ofte en del av
1639 anskaffelsesprisen for denne maskinvaren (enten dette er spesialiserte
1640 enkodere eller forskjellige typer produksjonsutstyr).&lt;/p&gt;
1641
1642 &lt;p&gt;Vennlig hilsen
1643 &lt;br&gt;Geir Børdalen&lt;/p&gt;
1644
1645 &lt;p&gt;________________________________________
1646 &lt;br&gt;Geir Børdalen
1647 &lt;br&gt;Investeringsansvarlig NRK / Hovedprosjektleder - Origo
1648 &lt;br&gt;Avdeling for utvikling, innovasjon, investering og eiendom
1649 &lt;br&gt;NRK medietjenester
1650 &lt;br&gt;Sentralbord: +47 23 04 70 00
1651 &lt;br&gt;Post: NRK, AUTV (RBM5), Pb. 8500 Majorstuen, 0340 Oslo
1652 &lt;br&gt;nrk.no
1653 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1654
1655 &lt;p&gt;Et godt og grundig svar, som var informativt om hvordan NRK tenker
1656 rundt patentavtale med MPEG LA, men heller ikke helt besvarte det jeg
1657 lurte på, så jeg sendte epostoppfølging samme dag.&lt;/p&gt;
1658
1659 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1660 &lt;p&gt;[Geir Børdalen]
1661 &lt;br&gt;&gt; Hei Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
1662
1663 &lt;p&gt;Hei, og takk for raskt svar. Er min henvendelse journalført slik
1664 at den dukker opp i NRKs postjournal?&lt;/p&gt;
1665
1666 &lt;p&gt;Svaret ditt var meget nyttig, og jeg forstår ut fra det du skriver
1667 at avklaringen med MPEG LA rundt H.264-distribusjon via bakkenettet
1668 gjelder alle TV-kanaler i Norge. Hvilke saksnummer fikk dokumenter
1669 som ble opprettet i forbindelse med det omtalte møtet NRK v/Hellgren
1670 og EBU hadde med MPEG LA (dvs. referater, avtaler, etc),
1671 f.eks. dokumentet der formuleringen &quot;in full&quot; som du omtaler
1672 finnes?&lt;p&gt;
1673
1674 &lt;p&gt;Men det er et par ting jeg fortsatt ikke forstår. Det ene er
1675 hvorfor NRKs forståelse av hva &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot; dekker
1676 ser ut til å avvike fra det som presenteres i
1677 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf&quot;&gt;lysark
1678 fra MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt; i mai, der MPEG LA på lysark med overskriften
1679 &quot;AVC/H.264 License Terms Participation Fees&quot; og undertittel &quot;Where
1680 remuneration is from other sources&quot; skriver &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
1681 Video (not title-by-title, not subscription) – no royalty for life of
1682 the AVC Patent Portfolio License&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
1683
1684 &lt;p&gt;Her leser jeg MPEG LA dithen at det kun er kringkasting uten
1685 abonnement via Internet som er dekket at vilkårne omtalt i
1686 pressemeldingen, mens jeg forstår deg dithen at NRK mener NRKs
1687 nettsider som også har enkeltfilmer og innslag (som jeg forstår dekket
1688 av formuleringen &quot;title-by-title&quot;) dekkes av &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
1689 Video&quot; fra MPEG LA. Hva baserer dere denne tolkningen på? Jeg har
1690 ikke sett noe skriftlig fra MPEG LA som støtter NRKs tolkning, og
1691 lurer på om dere har andre kilder enn den pressemeldingen fra 5 år
1692 tilbake, der NRKS forståelse av hva &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot;
1693 dekker er beskrevet?&lt;/p&gt;
1694
1695 &lt;p&gt;Det andre er at eposten din ikke nevnte spørsmålet mitt om
1696 bruksvilkårene til videoredigeringsverktøyene som NRK bruker. Disse
1697 har som tidligere nevnt krav om at de kun skal brukes til private og
1698 ikke-kommersielle formål med mindre en har avtale med MPEG LA, og uten
1699 avtale med MPEG LA kan det jo virke som om NRK bruker verktøyene i
1700 strid med bruksvilkårene. Hva gjør at disse bruksvilkårene ikke
1701 gjelder for NRK?&lt;/p&gt;
1702 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1703
1704 &lt;p&gt;Noen minutter senere får jeg foreløpig siste svar i
1705 føljetongen:&lt;/p&gt;
1706
1707 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1708 &lt;p&gt;Hei igjen&lt;/p&gt;
1709
1710 &lt;p&gt;Vårt dokumentarkiv har fått en kopi (journalføringsnr kan jeg
1711 dessverre ikke gi deg).&lt;p&gt;
1712
1713 &lt;p&gt;&gt; Svaret ditt var meget nyttig, og jeg forstår ut fra det du
1714 &lt;br&gt;&gt; skriver at avklaringen med MPEG LA rundt H.264-distribusjon via
1715 &lt;br&gt;&gt; bakkenettet gjelder alle TV-kanaler i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;
1716
1717 &lt;p&gt;Svar: Kan ikke svare for andre enn for NRK/EBU - og for bakkenettet
1718 i Norge er det kun NRK som er et lisensbasert selskap. Kan ikke gi noe
1719 svar på saksnr på dokumenter eller ytterligere informasjon da jeg selv
1720 ikke var del i dette.&lt;/p&gt;
1721
1722 &lt;p&gt;&gt; Men det er et par ting jeg fortsatt ikke forstår. ...&lt;/p&gt;
1723
1724 &lt;p&gt;Svar: Kan ikke gå ytterligere inn i dette fra min side og mitt
1725 fagfelt som er produksjon/publisering og systemstrukturene bak
1726 disse. For øvrig ligger det etter vår formening ingen begrensninger
1727 for NRK i mulighetene til publisering mht til kodek i
1728 produksjonssystemer. Som tidligere skrevet mener vi at NRK ikke
1729 trenger noen avtale med MPEG LA og støtter oss til det vi allerede har
1730 kommunisert i forrige epost.&lt;/p&gt;
1731
1732 &lt;p&gt;Mvh
1733 &lt;br&gt;Geir Børdalen&lt;/p&gt;
1734 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1735
1736 &lt;p&gt;Det syntes vanskelig å komme videre når NRK ikke ønsker å gå inn i
1737 problemstillingen rundt bruksvilkårene til videoredigeringsverktøyene
1738 NRK bruker, så jeg sendte takk for svarene og avsluttet utvekslingen
1739 så langt:&lt;/p&gt;
1740
1741 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1742 &lt;p&gt;Tusen takk for rask respons, og oppklarende forklaring om hvordan
1743 NRK tenker rundt MPEG LA.&lt;/p&gt;
1744
1745 &lt;p&gt;Jeg vil høre med NRK-arkivet for å se om de kan spore opp de
1746 omtalte dokumentene. Jeg setter pris på om du kan dele titler, dato
1747 eller annen informasjon som kan gjøre det enklere for arkivet å finne
1748 dem.&lt;/p&gt;
1749
1750 &lt;p&gt;Når det gjelder hvordan bruksvilkårene til
1751 videoredigeringsverktøyene skal tolkes, så skal jeg høre med MPEG LA
1752 og produsentene av verktøyene for å forsøke å få klarhet i hva de
1753 mener er rikgig rettstilstand.&lt;/p&gt;
1754 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1755
1756 &lt;p&gt;Jeg ble litt klokere, men fortsatt er det uklart for meg hva som er
1757 grunnlaget til NRK for å se bort fra bruksvilkår i
1758 videoredigeringsprogramvare som krever MPEG LA-avtale til alt annet
1759 enn privat og ikke-kommersiell bruk.&lt;/p&gt;
1760 </description>
1761 </item>
1762
1763 <item>
1764 <title>Hvordan vurderer regjeringen H.264-patentutfordringen?</title>
1765 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_vurderer_regjeringen_H_264_patentutfordringen_.html</link>
1766 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_vurderer_regjeringen_H_264_patentutfordringen_.html</guid>
1767 <pubDate>Sun, 16 Nov 2014 10:30:00 +0100</pubDate>
1768 <description>&lt;p&gt;For en stund tilbake spurte jeg Fornyingsdepartementet om hvilke
1769 juridiske vurderinger rundt patentproblemstillingen som var gjort da
1770 H.264 ble tatt inn i &lt;a href=&quot;http://standard.difi.no/&quot;&gt;statens
1771 referansekatalog over standarder&lt;/a&gt;. Stig Hornnes i FAD tipset meg
1772 om følgende som står i oppsumeringen til høringen om
1773 referansekatalogen versjon 2.0, som jeg siden ved hjelp av en
1774 innsynsforespørsel fikk tak i
1775 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/200901-standardkatalog-v2?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=kongelig-resolusjon.pdf&quot;&gt;PDF-utgaven av&lt;/a&gt;
1776 datert 2009-06-03 (saksnummer 200803291, saksbehandler Henrik
1777 Linnestad).&lt;/p&gt;
1778
1779 &lt;p&gt;Der står det følgende om problemstillingen:&lt;/p&gt;
1780
1781 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1782 &lt;strong&gt;4.4 Patentproblematikk&lt;/strong&gt;
1783
1784 &lt;p&gt;NUUG og Opera ser det som særlig viktig at forslagene knyttet til
1785 lyd og video baserer seg på de royalty-frie standardene Vorbis, Theora
1786 og FLAC.&lt;/p&gt;
1787
1788 &lt;p&gt;Kommentarene relaterer seg til at enkelte standarder er åpne, men
1789 inneholder tekniske prosedyrer som det i USA (og noen andre land som
1790 Japan) er gitt patentrettigheter til. I vårt tilfelle berører dette
1791 spesielt standardene Mp3 og H.264, selv om Politidirektoratet peker på
1792 at det muligens kan være tilsvarende problematikk også for Theora og
1793 Vorbis. Dette medfører at det i USA kan kreves royalties for bruk av
1794 tekniske løsninger knyttet til standardene, et krav som også
1795 håndheves. Patenter kan imidlertid bare hevdes i de landene hvor
1796 patentet er gitt, så amerikanske patenter gjelder ikke andre steder
1797 enn USA.&lt;/p&gt;
1798
1799 &lt;p&gt;Spesielt for utvikling av fri programvare er patenter
1800 problematisk. GPL, en &quot;grunnleggende&quot; lisens for distribusjon av fri
1801 programvare, avviser at programvare kan distribueres under denne
1802 lisensen hvis det inneholder referanser til patenterte rutiner som
1803 utløser krav om royalties. Det er imidlertid uproblematisk å
1804 distribuere fri programvareløsninger under GPL som benytter de
1805 aktuelle standardene innen eller mellom land som ikke anerkjenner
1806 patentene. Derfor finner vi også flere implementeringer av Mp3 og
1807 H.264 som er fri programvare, lisensiert under GPL.&lt;/p&gt;
1808
1809 &lt;p&gt;I Norge og EU er patentlovgivningen langt mer restriktiv enn i USA,
1810 men det er også her mulig å få patentert metoder for løsning av et
1811 problem som relaterer seg til databehandling. Det er AIF bekjent ikke
1812 relevante patenter i EU eller Norge hva gjelder H.264 og Mp3, men
1813 muligheten for at det finnes patenter uten at det er gjort krav om
1814 royalties eller at det senere vil gis slike patenter kan ikke helt
1815 avvises.&lt;/p&gt;
1816
1817 &lt;p&gt;AIF mener det er et behov for å gi offentlige virksomheter mulighet
1818 til å benytte antatt royaltyfrie åpne standarder som et likeverdig
1819 alternativ eller i tillegg til de markedsledende åpne standardene.&lt;/p&gt;
1820
1821 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1822
1823 &lt;p&gt;Det ser dermed ikke ut til at de har vurdert patentspørsmålet i
1824 sammenheng med opphavsrettsvilkår slik de er formulert for f.eks.
1825 Apple Final Cut Pro, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Sorenson-verktøyene,
1826 der det kreves brukstillatelse for patenter som ikke er gyldige i
1827 Norge for å bruke disse verktøyene til annet en personlig og ikke
1828 kommersiell aktivitet når det gjelder H.264-video. Jeg må nok lete
1829 videre etter svar på det spørsmålet.&lt;/p&gt;
1830 </description>
1831 </item>
1832
1833 <item>
1834 <title>Do you need an agreement with MPEG-LA to publish and broadcast H.264 video in Norway?</title>
1835 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Do_you_need_an_agreement_with_MPEG_LA_to_publish_and_broadcast_H_264_video_in_Norway_.html</link>
1836 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Do_you_need_an_agreement_with_MPEG_LA_to_publish_and_broadcast_H_264_video_in_Norway_.html</guid>
1837 <pubDate>Mon, 25 Aug 2014 22:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
1838 <description>&lt;p&gt;Two years later, I am still not sure if it is legal here in Norway
1839 to use or publish a video in H.264 or MPEG4 format edited by the
1840 commercially licensed video editors, without limiting the use to
1841 create &quot;personal&quot; or &quot;non-commercial&quot; videos or get a license
1842 agreement with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com&quot;&gt;MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt;. If one
1843 want to publish and broadcast video in a non-personal or commercial
1844 setting, it might be that those tools can not be used, or that video
1845 format can not be used, without breaking their copyright license. I
1846 am not sure.
1847 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html&quot;&gt;Back
1848 then&lt;/a&gt;, I found that the copyright license terms for Adobe Premiere
1849 and Apple Final Cut Pro both specified that one could not use the
1850 program to produce anything else without a patent license from MPEG
1851 LA. The issue is not limited to those two products, though. Other
1852 much used products like those from Avid and Sorenson Media have terms
1853 of use are similar to those from Adobe and Apple. The complicating
1854 factor making me unsure if those terms have effect in Norway or not is
1855 that the patents in question are not valid in Norway, but copyright
1856 licenses are.&lt;/p&gt;
1857
1858 &lt;p&gt;These are the terms for Avid Artist Suite, according to their
1859 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.avid.com/US/about-avid/legal-notices/legal-enduserlicense2&quot;&gt;published
1860 end user&lt;/a&gt;
1861 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.avid.com/static/resources/common/documents/corporate/LICENSE.pdf&quot;&gt;license
1862 text&lt;/a&gt; (converted to lower case text for easier reading):&lt;/p&gt;
1863
1864 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1865 &lt;p&gt;18.2. MPEG-4. MPEG-4 technology may be included with the
1866 software. MPEG LA, L.L.C. requires this notice: &lt;/p&gt;
1867
1868 &lt;p&gt;This product is licensed under the MPEG-4 visual patent portfolio
1869 license for the personal and non-commercial use of a consumer for (i)
1870 encoding video in compliance with the MPEG-4 visual standard (“MPEG-4
1871 video”) and/or (ii) decoding MPEG-4 video that was encoded by a
1872 consumer engaged in a personal and non-commercial activity and/or was
1873 obtained from a video provider licensed by MPEG LA to provide MPEG-4
1874 video. No license is granted or shall be implied for any other
1875 use. Additional information including that relating to promotional,
1876 internal and commercial uses and licensing may be obtained from MPEG
1877 LA, LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com. This product is licensed under
1878 the MPEG-4 systems patent portfolio license for encoding in compliance
1879 with the MPEG-4 systems standard, except that an additional license
1880 and payment of royalties are necessary for encoding in connection with
1881 (i) data stored or replicated in physical media which is paid for on a
1882 title by title basis and/or (ii) data which is paid for on a title by
1883 title basis and is transmitted to an end user for permanent storage
1884 and/or use, such additional license may be obtained from MPEG LA,
1885 LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com for additional details.&lt;/p&gt;
1886
1887 &lt;p&gt;18.3. H.264/AVC. H.264/AVC technology may be included with the
1888 software. MPEG LA, L.L.C. requires this notice:&lt;/p&gt;
1889
1890 &lt;p&gt;This product is licensed under the AVC patent portfolio license for
1891 the personal use of a consumer or other uses in which it does not
1892 receive remuneration to (i) encode video in compliance with the AVC
1893 standard (“AVC video”) and/or (ii) decode AVC video that was encoded
1894 by a consumer engaged in a personal activity and/or was obtained from
1895 a video provider licensed to provide AVC video. No license is granted
1896 or shall be implied for any other use. Additional information may be
1897 obtained from MPEG LA, L.L.C. See http://www.mpegla.com.&lt;/p&gt;
1898 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1899
1900 &lt;p&gt;Note the requirement that the videos created can only be used for
1901 personal or non-commercial purposes.&lt;/p&gt;
1902
1903 &lt;p&gt;The Sorenson Media software have
1904 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sorensonmedia.com/terms/&quot;&gt;similar terms&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
1905
1906 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1907
1908 &lt;p&gt;With respect to a license from Sorenson pertaining to MPEG-4 Video
1909 Decoders and/or Encoders: Any such product is licensed under the
1910 MPEG-4 visual patent portfolio license for the personal and
1911 non-commercial use of a consumer for (i) encoding video in compliance
1912 with the MPEG-4 visual standard (“MPEG-4 video”) and/or (ii) decoding
1913 MPEG-4 video that was encoded by a consumer engaged in a personal and
1914 non-commercial activity and/or was obtained from a video provider
1915 licensed by MPEG LA to provide MPEG-4 video. No license is granted or
1916 shall be implied for any other use. Additional information including
1917 that relating to promotional, internal and commercial uses and
1918 licensing may be obtained from MPEG LA, LLC. See
1919 http://www.mpegla.com.&lt;/p&gt;
1920
1921 &lt;p&gt;With respect to a license from Sorenson pertaining to MPEG-4
1922 Consumer Recorded Data Encoder, MPEG-4 Systems Internet Data Encoder,
1923 MPEG-4 Mobile Data Encoder, and/or MPEG-4 Unique Use Encoder: Any such
1924 product is licensed under the MPEG-4 systems patent portfolio license
1925 for encoding in compliance with the MPEG-4 systems standard, except
1926 that an additional license and payment of royalties are necessary for
1927 encoding in connection with (i) data stored or replicated in physical
1928 media which is paid for on a title by title basis and/or (ii) data
1929 which is paid for on a title by title basis and is transmitted to an
1930 end user for permanent storage and/or use. Such additional license may
1931 be obtained from MPEG LA, LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com for
1932 additional details.&lt;/p&gt;
1933
1934 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1935
1936 &lt;p&gt;Some free software like
1937 &lt;a href=&quot;https://handbrake.fr/&quot;&gt;Handbrake&lt;/A&gt; and
1938 &lt;a href=&quot;http://ffmpeg.org/&quot;&gt;FFMPEG&lt;/a&gt; uses GPL/LGPL licenses and do
1939 not have any such terms included, so for those, there is no
1940 requirement to limit the use to personal and non-commercial.&lt;/p&gt;
1941 </description>
1942 </item>
1943
1944 <item>
1945 <title>Hvor godt fungerer Linux-klienter mot MS Exchange?</title>
1946 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvor_godt_fungerer_Linux_klienter_mot_MS_Exchange_.html</link>
1947 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvor_godt_fungerer_Linux_klienter_mot_MS_Exchange_.html</guid>
1948 <pubDate>Tue, 26 Nov 2013 18:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
1949 <description>&lt;p&gt;Jeg
1950 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_pent_m_te_p__onsdag_om_bruken_av_Microsoft_Exchange_ved_Universitetet_i_Oslo.html&quot;&gt;skrev
1951 i juni om protestene&lt;/a&gt; på planene til min arbeidsplass,
1952 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uio.no/&quot;&gt;Universitetet i Oslo&lt;/a&gt;, om å gå bort fra
1953 fri programvare- og åpne standardløsninger for å håndtere epost,
1954 vekk fra IETF-standarden SIEVE for filtrering av epost og over til
1955 godseide spesifikasjoner og epostsystemet Microsoft Exchange.
1956 Protestene har fått litt ny omtale i media de siste dagene, i tillegg
1957 til de oppslagene som kom i mai.&lt;/p&gt;
1958
1959 &lt;ul&gt;
1960
1961 &lt;li&gt;2013-11-26 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.version2.dk/artikel/gigantisk-outlook-konvertering-moeder-protester-paa-universitet-55147&quot;&gt;Gigantisk Outlook-konvertering møder protester på universitet&lt;/a&gt; - versjon2.dk&lt;/li&gt;
1962
1963 &lt;li&gt;2013-11-25
1964 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article279407.ece&quot;&gt;Microsoft-protest
1965 på Universitetet&lt;/a&gt; - Computerworld&lt;/li&gt;
1966
1967 &lt;li&gt;2013-11-25
1968 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2013/11/uio-bor-bruke-apen-programvare.html&quot;&gt;Kjemper
1969 mot innføring av Microsoft Exchange på UiO&lt;/a&gt; - Uniforum&lt;/li&gt;
1970
1971 &lt;li&gt;2013-11-25
1972 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2013/11/uio-utsetter-innforing-av-nytt-e-postsystem.html&quot;&gt;Utsetter
1973 innføring av nytt e-postsystem&lt;/a&gt; - Uniforum&lt;/li&gt;
1974
1975 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-29
1976 &lt;a href=&quot;http://universitas.no/nyhet/58462/forsvarer-nytt-it-system&quot;&gt;Forsvarer
1977 nytt IT-system&lt;/a&gt; - Universitas&lt;/li&gt;
1978
1979 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-23
1980 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2013/05/uio-innforer-nytt-epost-og-kalendersystem.html&quot;&gt;UiO
1981 innfører nytt epost- og kalenderverktøy&lt;/a&gt; - Uniforum&lt;/li&gt;
1982
1983 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-22
1984 &lt;a href=&quot;http://universitas.no/nyhet/58424/protestgruppe-vil-stanse-it-system&quot;&gt;Protestgruppe
1985 vil stanse IT-system&lt;/a&gt; - Universitas&lt;/li&gt;
1986
1987 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-15
1988 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/leserbrev/2013/uio-ma-ha-kontroll-over-sitt-eget-epostsystem.html&quot;&gt;UiO
1989 må ha kontroll over sitt eget epostsystem&lt;/a&gt; - Uniforum&lt;/li&gt;
1990
1991 &lt;/ul&gt;
1992
1993 &lt;p&gt;Prosjektledelsen har fortalt at dette skal fungere like godt for
1994 Linux-brukere som for brukere av Microsoft Windows og Apple MacOSX,
1995 men jeg lurer på hva slags erfaringer Linux-brukere i eksisterende
1996 miljøer som bruker MS Exchange har gjort. Hvis du har slik erfaring
1997 hadet det vært veldig fint om du kan send et leserbrev til
1998 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/&quot;&gt;Uniforum&lt;/a&gt; og fortelle om hvor
1999 greit det er å bruke Exchange i kryss-platform-miljøer? De jeg har
2000 snakket med sier en greit får lest e-posten sin hvis Exchange har
2001 slått på IMAP-funksjonalitet, men at kalender og møtebooking ikke
2002 fungerer godt for Linux-klienter. Jeg har ingen personlig erfaring å
2003 komme med, så jeg er nysgjerrig på hva andre kan dele av erfaringer
2004 med universitetet.&lt;/p&gt;
2005
2006 &lt;p&gt;Mitt ankerpunkt mot å bytte ut fri programvare som fungerer godt
2007 med godseid programvare er at en mister kontroll over egen
2008 infrastruktur, låser seg inn i en løsning det vil bli dyrt å komme ut
2009 av, uten at en får funksjonalitet en ikke kunne skaffet seg med fri
2010 programvare, eventuelt videreutviklet med de pengene som brukes på
2011 overgangen til MS Exchange. Personlig planlegger jeg å fortsette å
2012 laste ned all eposten min til lokal maskin for indeksering og lesing
2013 med &lt;a href==&quot;http://notmuchmail.org&quot;&gt;notmuch&lt;/a&gt;, så jeg håper jeg
2014 ikke blir veldig skadelidende av overgangen.&lt;/p&gt;
2015
2016 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dinis.linguateca.pt/Diana/ImotMSUiO.html&quot;&gt;Underskriftslista
2017 for oss som er mot endringen&lt;/a&gt;, som omtales i artiklene, er fortsatt
2018 åpen for de som vil signere på oppropet. Akkurat nå er det 298
2019 personer som har signert.&lt;/p&gt;
2020 </description>
2021 </item>
2022
2023 <item>
2024 <title>Åpent møte på onsdag om bruken av Microsoft Exchange ved Universitetet i Oslo</title>
2025 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_pent_m_te_p__onsdag_om_bruken_av_Microsoft_Exchange_ved_Universitetet_i_Oslo.html</link>
2026 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_pent_m_te_p__onsdag_om_bruken_av_Microsoft_Exchange_ved_Universitetet_i_Oslo.html</guid>
2027 <pubDate>Mon, 3 Jun 2013 14:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
2028 <description>&lt;p&gt;Jeg jobber til daglig ved &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uio.no/&quot;&gt;Universitetet
2029 i Oslo&lt;/a&gt;, en institusjon som lenge har vektlagt verdien av åpne
2030 standarder og fri programvare. Men noe har endret seg, og for en
2031 liten stund tilbake annonserte USIT at dagens fungerende e-postsystemet
2032 basert på fri programvare skulle byttes ut med Microsoft Exchange og
2033 at Microsoft Outlook skulle bli den best fungerende men antagelig ikke
2034 eneste støttede e-postklienten. Annonseringen har ført til flere
2035 protester og &lt;a href=&quot;http://folk.uio.no/dssantos/nooutlookatuio/&quot;&gt;en
2036 underskriftskampanje&lt;/a&gt;, initiert av Diana Santos, der så langt 253
2037 personer har signert. Prosjektet
2038 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usit.uio.no/prosjekter/nike/&quot;&gt;NIKE (Ny integrert
2039 kalender/e-post)&lt;/a&gt; ble initiert for å se på mulige løsninger med
2040 utgangspunkt i at en kombinert epost/kalenderløsning var påkrevd, og
2041 prosjektet
2042 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usit.uio.no/prosjekter/nike-implementasjon/&quot;&gt;NIKE-implementasjon&lt;/a&gt;
2043 er igang med å rulle ut MS Exchange ved Universitetet i Oslo.&lt;/p&gt;
2044
2045 &lt;p&gt;For kun kort tid siden ble det annonsert at det blir et åpent møte
2046 med ledelsen hos universitetet i Oslo med disse planene som tema:&lt;/p&gt;
2047
2048 &lt;p&gt;Tid: &lt;strong&gt;Onsdag 2013-06-05 kl. 10:00&lt;/strong&gt;
2049 &lt;br&gt;Sted: &lt;strong&gt;9. etasje i Lucy Smiths hus (admin-bygget)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2050
2051 &lt;p&gt; Det kan være en god plass å stille opp hvis en som meg ikke tror
2052 valget av Microsoft Exchange som sentral epostinfrastruktur er et
2053 heldig valg for Norges ledende forskningsuniversitet, men at en er mer
2054 tjent med å selv
2055 &lt;a href=&quot;http://nuug.no/dokumenter/kronikk-friprog-itsikkerhet.shtml&quot;&gt;beholde
2056 kontrollen over egen infrastruktur&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
2057
2058 &lt;p&gt;Saken har ført til endel presseoppslag så langt. Her er de jeg har
2059 fått med meg:&lt;/p&gt;
2060
2061 &lt;ul&gt;
2062
2063 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-29
2064 &lt;a href=&quot;http://universitas.no/nyhet/58462/forsvarer-nytt-it-system&quot;&gt;Forsvarer
2065 nytt IT-system&lt;/a&gt; - Universitas&lt;/li&gt;
2066
2067 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-23
2068 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2013/05/uio-innforer-nytt-epost-og-kalendersystem.html&quot;&gt;UiO
2069 innfører nytt epost- og kalenderverktøy&lt;/a&gt; - Uniforum&lt;/li&gt;
2070
2071
2072 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-22
2073 &lt;a href=&quot;http://universitas.no/nyhet/58424/protestgruppe-vil-stanse-it-system&quot;&gt;Protestgruppe
2074 vil stanse IT-system&lt;/a&gt; - Universitas&lt;/li&gt;
2075
2076
2077 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-15
2078 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/leserbrev/2013/uio-ma-ha-kontroll-over-sitt-eget-epostsystem.html&quot;&gt;UiO
2079 må ha kontroll over sitt eget epostsystem&lt;/a&gt; - Uniforum&lt;/li&gt;
2080
2081 &lt;/ul&gt;
2082
2083
2084 </description>
2085 </item>
2086
2087 <item>
2088 <title>Mer innsyn i bakgrunnen for fjerning av ODF fra statens standardkatalog</title>
2089 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mer_innsyn_i_bakgrunnen_for_fjerning_av_ODF_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html</link>
2090 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mer_innsyn_i_bakgrunnen_for_fjerning_av_ODF_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html</guid>
2091 <pubDate>Tue, 9 Apr 2013 10:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
2092 <description>&lt;p&gt;For cirka en måned siden
2093 &lt;ahref=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjeringen__Fornyingsdepartementet_og_DIFI_g_r_inn_for___fjerne_ODF_som_obligatorisk_standard_i_det_offentlige.html&quot;&gt;ba
2094 jeg om begrunnelse på nektet innsyn i dokumenter&lt;/a&gt; om
2095 standardkatalogen fra Fornyingsdepartementet. I dag fikk jeg svar fra
2096 Fornyingsdepartementet, og tilgang til dokumentene. Jeg fikk både
2097 innsyn i vedlegg sendt fra DIFI, og også innsyn i et notat brukt
2098 internt i Fornyingsdepartementet:&lt;/p&gt;
2099
2100 &lt;ul&gt;
2101
2102 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Fornyingsdepartementet/sak-2012-2168/Oppsummering%20av%20h%f8ringen%20om%20endringer%20i%20forskrift%20om%20IT-standarder.pdf&quot;&gt;Epost fra DIFI til Fornyingsdepartementet, datert 2012-11-23&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
2103
2104 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Fornyingsdepartementet/sak-2012-2168/Oppsummering%20og%20anbefaling%20etter%20h%f8ring.pdf&quot;&gt;vedlegg 1, Oppsummering og anbefalinger etter høring av endringer i forskrift om IT-standarer i offentlig forvaltning, datert 2012-11-23&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
2105
2106 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Fornyingsdepartementet/sak-2012-2168/Vedlegg%20Om%20h%f8ringe.docx%20(L)(898066).pdf&quot;&gt;Notat fra avdeling for IKT og fornying til statsråd i Fornyingsdepartementet om høringen, datert 2013-01-03&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
2107
2108 &lt;/ul&gt;
2109
2110 &lt;p&gt;Det bør nevnes at da jeg ble nektet innsyn hos mottaker
2111 Fornyingsdepartementet på høringsoppsummeringen som DIFI hadde sendt
2112 ut, spurte jeg DIFI om innsyn i stedet. Det fikk jeg i løpet av et
2113 par dager. Moralen er at hvis ikke mottaker ikke vil gi innsyn, spør
2114 avsender i stedet. Kanskje de har forskjellig forståelse av hva som
2115 bør holdes skjult for folket. Her er de tilsvarende dokumentene jeg
2116 fikk innsyn i fra DIFI:&lt;/p&gt;
2117
2118 &lt;ul&gt;
2119
2120 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-DIFI/Epostforsendelse.pdf&quot;&gt;Epost fra DIFI til Fornyingsdepartementet, datert 2012-11-23&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
2121
2122 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-DIFI/Vedlegg%201,%20Oppsummering%20av%20h%f8ring%20om%20endringer%20i%20forskrift%20om%20IT-standarder.pdf&quot;&gt;vedlegg 1, Oppsummering og anbefalinger etter høring av endringer i forskrift om IT-standarer i offentlig forvaltning, datert 2012-11-23&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
2123
2124 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-DIFI/Vedlegg%202,%20Forslag%20til%20endringsforskrift.pdf&quot;&gt;Vedlegg 2, Forslag til endringsforskrift, udatert&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
2125
2126 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-DIFI/Vedlegg%203%20Forskrift%20om%20IT-standarder%20i%20offentlig%20forvaltning.pdf&quot;&gt;Vedlegg 3, Forskrift om IT-standarder i offentlig forvaltning, udatert&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
2127
2128 &lt;/ul&gt;
2129
2130 &lt;p&gt;Det jeg synes er mest interessant er endel av aktørene som
2131 protesterte på fjerningen (Kartverket, Drammen kommune), og hvordan
2132 høringsoppsummeringen ikke tar stilling til effekten av å fjerne ODF
2133 fra katalogen.&lt;/p&gt;
2134 </description>
2135 </item>
2136
2137 <item>
2138 <title>Regjeringen, FAD og DIFI går inn for å fjerne ODF som obligatorisk standard i det offentlige</title>
2139 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjeringen__FAD_og_DIFI_g_r_inn_for___fjerne_ODF_som_obligatorisk_standard_i_det_offentlige.html</link>
2140 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjeringen__FAD_og_DIFI_g_r_inn_for___fjerne_ODF_som_obligatorisk_standard_i_det_offentlige.html</guid>
2141 <pubDate>Mon, 18 Mar 2013 21:10:00 +0100</pubDate>
2142 <description>&lt;p&gt;I
2143 &lt;a href=&quot;http://standard.difi.no/hoyring/forslag-om-endring-av-forskrift-om-it-standarder-i-offentlig-forvaltning&quot;&gt;siste
2144 høring&lt;/a&gt; om
2145 &lt;a href=&quot;http://standard.difi.no/forvaltningsstandarder&quot;&gt;referansekatalogen
2146 for IT-standarder i offentlig sektor&lt;/a&gt;, med høringsfrist 2012-09-30
2147 (DIFI-sak 2012/498), ble det foreslått å fjerne ODF som obligatorisk
2148 standard når en publiserte dokumenter som skulle kunne redigeres
2149 videre av mottaker. NUUG og andre protesterte på forslaget, som er et
2150 langt steg tilbake når det gjelder å sikre like rettigheter for alle
2151 når en kommuniserer med det offentlige. For noen dager siden ble jeg
2152 oppmerksom på at Direktoratet for forvaltning og IKT (DIFI) og
2153 Fornyings-,administrasjons- og kirkedepartementet (FAD) har
2154 konkludert, og oversendt forslag til regjeringen i saken. FADs
2155 dokument
2156 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oep.no/search/result.html?period=none&amp;descType=both&amp;caseNumber=2012%2F2168&amp;senderType=both&amp;documentType=all&amp;list2=94&amp;searchType=advanced&amp;Search=S%C3%B8k+i+journaler&quot;&gt;2012/2168&lt;/a&gt;-8,
2157 «Utkast til endring av standardiseringsforskriften» datert 2013-02-06
2158 har følgende triste oppsummering fra høringen i saken:&lt;/p&gt;
2159
2160 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2161 Det kom noen innvendinger på forslaget om å fjerne ODF som
2162 obligatorisk standard for redigerbare dokumenter. Innvendingene har
2163 ikke blitt ilagt avgjørende vekt.
2164 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2165
2166 &lt;p&gt;Ved å fjerne ODF som obligatorisk format ved publisering av
2167 redigerbare dokumenter setter en Norge tiår tilbake. Det som vil skje
2168 er at offentlige etater går tilbake til kun å publisere dokumenter på
2169 et av de mange formatene til Microsoft Office, og alle som ikke
2170 aksepterer bruksvilkårene til Microsoft eller ikke har råd til å bruke
2171 penger på å få tilgang til Microsoft Office må igjen basere seg på
2172 verktøy fra utviklerne som er avhengig av å reversutvikle disse
2173 formatene. I og med at ISO-spesifikasjonen for OOXML ikke komplett og
2174 korrekt spesifiserer formatene til MS Office (men er nyttige å titte i
2175 når en reversutvikler), er en tilbake til en situasjon der en ikke har
2176 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fri_og__pen_standard__slik_Digistan_ser_det.html&quot;&gt;en
2177 fri og åpen standard&lt;/a&gt; å forholde seg til, men i stedet må springe
2178 etter Microsoft. Alle andre leverandører enn Microsoft vil dermed ha
2179 en seriøs ulempe. Det er som å fjerne krav om bruk av meter som
2180 måleenhet, og heretter aksepterer alle måleenheter som like gyldige,
2181 når en vet at den mest brukte enheten vil være armlengden til Steve
2182 Ballmer slik Microsoft måler den.&lt;/p&gt;
2183
2184 &lt;p&gt;Jeg er ikke sikker på om forslaget er vedtatt av regjeringen ennå.
2185 Kristian Bergem hos DIFI nevnte på et møte forrige tirsdag at han
2186 trodde det var vedtatt i statsråd 8. mars, men jeg har ikke klart å
2187 finne en skriftlig kilde på regjeringen.no som bekrefter dette.
2188 Kanskje det ennå ikke er for sent...&lt;/p&gt;
2189
2190 &lt;p&gt;Jeg ba i forrige uke om innsyn i dokument 6, 7 og 8 i FAD-saken, og
2191 har i dag fått innsyn i dokument 7 og 8. Ble nektet innsyn i
2192 dokumentet med tittelen «Oppsummering av høring om endringer i
2193 forskrift om IT-standarder i offentlig forvaltning» med hjemmel i
2194 off. lovens §15.1, så det er vanskelig å vite hvordan argumentene fra
2195 høringen ble mottatt og forstått av saksbehandleren hos DIFI. Lurer
2196 på hvordan jeg kan klage på at jeg ikke fikk se oppsummeringen. Fikk
2197 tre PDFer tilsendt fra FAD,
2198 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-FAD/sak-2012-2168/20130115%20Notat%20FAD%20-%20EHF.pdf%20(L)(889185).pdf&quot;&gt;Endring av underversjon i EHF&lt;/a&gt;,
2199 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-FAD/sak-2012-2168/Bakgrunnsnotat%20knyttet%20til%20versjon%20av%20EHF%20standarden%20i%20Forskrift%20om%20IT-standarder%20i%20offentlig%20sektor.pdf&quot;&gt;Bakgrunnsnotat knyttet til versjon av EHF standarden i Forskrift om IT-standarder i offentlig sektor&lt;/a&gt; og
2200 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-FAD/sak-2012-2168/Utkast%20Kongelig%20resolusjon.docx%20(L)(898064).pdf&quot;&gt;Utkast til endring av standardiseringsforskriften&lt;/a&gt;, hvis du vil ta en titt.&lt;/p&gt;
2201 </description>
2202 </item>
2203
2204 <item>
2205 <title>&quot;Electronic&quot; paper invoices - using vCard in a QR code</title>
2206 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Electronic__paper_invoices___using_vCard_in_a_QR_code.html</link>
2207 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Electronic__paper_invoices___using_vCard_in_a_QR_code.html</guid>
2208 <pubDate>Tue, 12 Feb 2013 10:30:00 +0100</pubDate>
2209 <description>&lt;p&gt;Here in Norway, electronic invoices are spreading, and the
2210 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.anskaffelser.no/e-handel/faktura&quot;&gt;solution promoted
2211 by the Norwegian government&lt;/a&gt; require that invoices are sent through
2212 one of the approved facilitators, and it is not possible to send
2213 electronic invoices without an agreement with one of these
2214 facilitators. This seem like a needless limitation to be able to
2215 transfer invoice information between buyers and sellers. My preferred
2216 solution would be to just transfer the invoice information directly
2217 between seller and buyer, for example using SMTP, or some HTTP based
2218 protocol like REST or SOAP. But this might also be overkill, as the
2219 &quot;electronic&quot; information can be transferred using paper invoices too,
2220 using a simple bar code. My bar code encoding of choice would be QR
2221 codes, as this encoding can be read by any smart phone out there. The
2222 content of the code could be anything, but I would go with
2223 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VCard&quot;&gt;the vCard format&lt;/a&gt;, as
2224 it too is supported by a lot of computer equipment these days.&lt;/p&gt;
2225
2226 &lt;p&gt;The vCard format support extentions, and the invoice specific
2227 information can be included using such extentions. For example an
2228 invoice from SLX Debian Labs (picked because we
2229 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html&quot;&gt;ask
2230 for donations to the Debian Edu project&lt;/a&gt; and thus have bank account
2231 information publicly available) for NOK 1000.00 could have these extra
2232 fields:&lt;/p&gt;
2233
2234 &lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
2235 X-INVOICE-NUMBER:1
2236 X-INVOICE-AMOUNT:NOK1000.00
2237 X-INVOICE-KID:123412341234
2238 X-INVOICE-MSG:Donation to Debian Edu
2239 X-BANK-ACCOUNT-NUMBER:16040884339
2240 X-BANK-IBAN-NUMBER:NO8516040884339
2241 X-BANK-SWIFT-NUMBER:DNBANOKKXXX
2242 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2243
2244 &lt;p&gt;The X-BANK-ACCOUNT-NUMBER field was proposed in a stackoverflow
2245 answer regarding
2246 &lt;a href=&quot;http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10045664/storing-bank-account-in-vcard-file&quot;&gt;how
2247 to put bank account information into a vCard&lt;/a&gt;. For payments in
2248 Norway, either X-INVOICE-KID (payment ID) or X-INVOICE-MSG could be
2249 used to pass on information to the seller when paying the invoice.&lt;/p&gt;
2250
2251 &lt;p&gt;The complete vCard could look like this:&lt;/p&gt;
2252
2253 &lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
2254 BEGIN:VCARD
2255 VERSION:2.1
2256 ORG:SLX Debian Labs Foundation
2257 ADR;WORK:;;Gunnar Schjelderups vei 29D;OSLO;;0485;Norway
2258 URL;WORK:http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/
2259 EMAIL;PREF;INTERNET:sdl-styret@rt.nuug.no
2260 REV:20130212T095000Z
2261 X-INVOICE-NUMBER:1
2262 X-INVOICE-AMOUNT:NOK1000.00
2263 X-INVOICE-MSG:Donation to Debian Edu
2264 X-BANK-ACCOUNT-NUMBER:16040884339
2265 X-BANK-IBAN-NUMBER:NO8516040884339
2266 X-BANK-SWIFT-NUMBER:DNBANOKKXXX
2267 END:VCARD
2268 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2269
2270 &lt;p&gt;The resulting QR code created using
2271 &lt;a href=&quot;http://fukuchi.org/works/qrencode/&quot;&gt;qrencode&lt;/a&gt; would look
2272 like this, and should be readable (and thus checkable) by any smart
2273 phone, or for example the &lt;a href=&quot;http://zbar.sourceforge.net/&quot;&gt;zbar
2274 bar code reader&lt;/a&gt; and feed right into the approval and accounting
2275 system.&lt;/p&gt;
2276
2277 &lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-02-12-qr-invoice.png&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2278
2279 &lt;p&gt;The extension fields will most likely not show up in any normal
2280 vCard reader, so those parts would have to go directly into a system
2281 handling invoices. I am a bit unsure how vCards without name parts
2282 are handled, but a simple test indicate that this work just fine.&lt;/p&gt;
2283
2284 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 2013-02-12 11:30&lt;/strong&gt;: Added KID to the proposal
2285 based on feedback from Sturle Sunde.&lt;/p&gt;
2286 </description>
2287 </item>
2288
2289 <item>
2290 <title>12 years of outages - summarised by Stuart Kendrick</title>
2291 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/12_years_of_outages___summarised_by_Stuart_Kendrick.html</link>
2292 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/12_years_of_outages___summarised_by_Stuart_Kendrick.html</guid>
2293 <pubDate>Fri, 26 Oct 2012 14:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
2294 <description>&lt;p&gt;I work at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uio.no/&quot;&gt;University of Oslo&lt;/a&gt;
2295 looking after the computers, mostly on the unix side, but in general
2296 all over the place. I am also a member (and currently leader) of
2297 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;the NUUG association&lt;/a&gt;, which in turn
2298 make me a member of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usenix.org/&quot;&gt;USENIX&lt;/a&gt;. NUUG
2299 is an member organisation for us in Norway interested in free
2300 software, open standards and unix like operating systems, and USENIX
2301 is a US based member organisation with similar targets. And thanks to
2302 these memberships, I get all issues of the great USENIX magazine
2303 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.usenix.org/publications/login&quot;&gt;;login:&lt;/a&gt; in the
2304 mail several times a year. The magazine is great, and I read most of
2305 it every time.&lt;/p&gt;
2306
2307 &lt;p&gt;In the last issue of the USENIX magazine ;login:, there is an
2308 article by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skendric.com/&quot;&gt;Stuart Kendrick&lt;/a&gt; from
2309 Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center titled
2310 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.usenix.org/publications/login/october-2012-volume-37-number-5/what-takes-us-down&quot;&gt;What
2311 Takes Us Down&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (longer version also
2312 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skendric.com/problem/incident-analysis/2012-06-30/What-Takes-Us-Down.pdf&quot;&gt;available
2313 from his own site&lt;/a&gt;), where he report what he found when he
2314 processed the outage reports (both planned and unplanned) from the
2315 last twelve years and classified them according to cause, time of day,
2316 etc etc. The article is a good read to get some empirical data on
2317 what kind of problems affect a data centre, but what really inspired
2318 me was the kind of reporting they had put in place since 2000.&lt;p&gt;
2319
2320 &lt;p&gt;The centre set up a mailing list, and started to send fairly
2321 standardised messages to this list when a outage was planned or when
2322 it already occurred, to announce the plan and get feedback on the
2323 assumtions on scope and user impact. Here is the two example from the
2324 article: First the unplanned outage:
2325
2326 &lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
2327 Subject: Exchange 2003 Cluster Issues
2328 Severity: Critical (Unplanned)
2329 Start: Monday, May 7, 2012, 11:58
2330 End: Monday, May 7, 2012, 12:38
2331 Duration: 40 minutes
2332 Scope: Exchange 2003
2333 Description: The HTTPS service on the Exchange cluster crashed, triggering
2334 a cluster failover.
2335
2336 User Impact: During this period, all Exchange users were unable to
2337 access e-mail. Zimbra users were unaffected.
2338 Technician: [xxx]
2339 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
2340
2341 Next the planned outage:
2342
2343 &lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
2344 Subject: H Building Switch Upgrades
2345 Severity: Major (Planned)
2346 Start: Saturday, June 16, 2012, 06:00
2347 End: Saturday, June 16, 2012, 16:00
2348 Duration: 10 hours
2349 Scope: H2 Transport
2350 Description: Currently, Catalyst 4006s provide 10/100 Ethernet to end-
2351 stations. We will replace these with newer Catalyst
2352 4510s.
2353 User Impact: All users on H2 will be isolated from the network during
2354 this work. Afterward, they will have gigabit
2355 connectivity.
2356 Technician: [xxx]
2357 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
2358
2359 &lt;p&gt;He notes in his article that the date formats and other fields have
2360 been a bit too free form to make it easy to automatically process them
2361 into a database for further analysis, and I would have used ISO 8601
2362 dates myself to make it easier to process (in other words I would ask
2363 people to write &#39;2012-06-16 06:00 +0000&#39; instead of the start time
2364 format listed above). There are also other issues with the format
2365 that could be improved, read the article for the details.&lt;/p&gt;
2366
2367 &lt;p&gt;I find the idea of standardising outage messages seem to be such a
2368 good idea that I would like to get it implemented here at the
2369 university too. We do register
2370 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uio.no/tjenester/it/aktuelt/planlagte-tjenesteavbrudd/&quot;&gt;planned
2371 changes and outages in a calendar&lt;/a&gt;, and report the to a mailing
2372 list, but we do not do so in a structured format and there is not a
2373 report to the same location for unplanned outages. Perhaps something
2374 for other sites to consider too?&lt;/p&gt;
2375 </description>
2376 </item>
2377
2378 <item>
2379 <title>NUUGs høringsuttalelse til DIFIs forslag om å kaste ut ODF fra statens standardkatalog</title>
2380 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUGs_h_ringsuttalelse_til_DIFIs_forslag_om___kaste_ut_ODF_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html</link>
2381 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUGs_h_ringsuttalelse_til_DIFIs_forslag_om___kaste_ut_ODF_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html</guid>
2382 <pubDate>Mon, 1 Oct 2012 08:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
2383 <description>&lt;p&gt;Som jeg
2384 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/DIFI_foresl_r___kaste_ut_ODF_og_ta_inn_OOXML_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html&quot;&gt;skrev
2385 i juni&lt;/a&gt; har DIFI foreslått å fjerne krav om å bruke ODF til
2386 utveksling av redigerbare dokumenter med det offentlige, og
2387 derigjennom tvinge innbyggerne til å forholde seg til formatene til MS
2388 Office når en kommuniserer med det offentlige.&lt;/p&gt;
2389
2390 &lt;p&gt;I går kveld fikk vi i &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;NUUG&lt;/a&gt;
2391 fullført vår høringsuttalelse og sendt den inn til DIFI. Du finner
2392 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/201209-forskrift-standardkatalog&quot;&gt;uttalelsen
2393 på wikien&lt;/a&gt;. Ta en titt. Fristen for å sende inn uttalelse var i
2394 går søndag, men en får kanskje sitt innspill med hvis en sender i
2395 dag.&lt;/p&gt;
2396 </description>
2397 </item>
2398
2399 <item>
2400 <title>Free software forced Microsoft to open Office (and don&#39;t forget Officeshots)</title>
2401 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_forced_Microsoft_to_open_Office__and_don_t_forget_Officeshots_.html</link>
2402 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_forced_Microsoft_to_open_Office__and_don_t_forget_Officeshots_.html</guid>
2403 <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 14:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
2404 <description>&lt;p&gt;I came across a great comment from Simon Phipps today, about how
2405 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infoworld.com/d/open-source-software/how-microsoft-was-forced-open-office-200233&quot;&gt;Microsoft
2406 have been forced to open Office&lt;/a&gt;, and it made me remember and
2407 revisit the great site
2408 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.officeshots.org/&quot;&gt;officeshots&lt;/a&gt; which allow you
2409 to check out how different programs present the ODF file format. I
2410 recommend both to those of my readers interested in ODF. :)&lt;/p&gt;
2411 </description>
2412 </item>
2413
2414 <item>
2415 <title>OOXML og standardisering</title>
2416 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/OOXML_og_standardisering.html</link>
2417 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/OOXML_og_standardisering.html</guid>
2418 <pubDate>Wed, 25 Jul 2012 21:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
2419 <description>&lt;p&gt;DIFI har
2420 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/DIFI_foresl_r___kaste_ut_ODF_og_ta_inn_OOXML_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html&quot;&gt;en
2421 høring gående&lt;/a&gt; om ny versjon av statens standardkatalog, med frist
2422 2012-09-30, der det foreslås å fjerne ODF fra katalogen og ta inn ISO
2423 OOXML. I den anledning minnes jeg
2424 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/FAD/Vedlegg/IKT-politikk/Refkat_v2.pdf&quot;&gt;notatet
2425 FAD skrev&lt;/a&gt; da versjon 2 av standardkatalogen var under
2426 utarbeidelse, da FAD og DIFI fortsatt forsto poenget med og verdien av
2427 frie og åpne standarder.&lt;/p&gt;
2428
2429 &lt;p&gt;Det er mange som tror at OOXML er ett spesifikt format, men det
2430 brukes ofte som fellesbetegnelse for både formatet spesifisert av
2431 ECMA, ISO, og formatet produsert av Microsoft Office (aka docx), som
2432 dessverre ikke er det samme formatet. Fra en av de som implementerte
2433 støtte for docx-formatet i KDE fikk jeg høre at ISO-spesifikasjonen
2434 var en nyttig referanse, men at det var mange avvik som gjorde at en
2435 ikke kunne gå ut ifra at Microsoft Office produserte dokumenter i
2436 henhold til ISO-spesifikasjonen.&lt;/p&gt;
2437
2438 &lt;p&gt;ISOs OOXML-spesifikasjon har (eller hadde, usikker på om
2439 kommentaren er oppdatert) i følge
2440 &lt;a href=&quot;http://surguy.net/articles/ooxml-validation-and-technical-review.xml&quot;&gt;Inigo
2441 Surguy&lt;/a&gt; feil i mer enn 10% av eksemplene, noe som i tillegg gjør
2442 det vanskelig å bruke spesifikasjonen til å implementere støtte for
2443 ISO OOXML. Jeg har ingen erfaring med å validere OOXML-dokumenter
2444 selv, men ser at
2445 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=5124&quot;&gt;Microsoft
2446 har laget en validator&lt;/a&gt; som jeg ikke kan teste da den kun er
2447 tilgjengelig på MS Windows. Finner også en annen kalt
2448 &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/officeotron/&quot;&gt;Office-O-Tron&lt;/A&gt; som
2449 er oppdatert i fjor. Lurer på om de validerer at dokumenter er i
2450 formatet til Microsoft office, eller om de validerer at de er i
2451 henhold til formatene spesifisert av ECMA og ISO. Det hadde også vært
2452 interessant å se om docx-dokumentene publisert av det offentlige er
2453 gyldige ISO OOXML-dokumenter.&lt;/p&gt;
2454 </description>
2455 </item>
2456
2457 <item>
2458 <title>Mer oppfølging fra MPEG-LA om avtale med dem for å kringkaste og publisere H.264-video</title>
2459 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mer_oppf_lging_fra_MPEG_LA_om_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html</link>
2460 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mer_oppf_lging_fra_MPEG_LA_om_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html</guid>
2461 <pubDate>Thu, 5 Jul 2012 23:50:00 +0200</pubDate>
2462 <description>&lt;p&gt;I føljetongen om H.264
2463 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_mener_NRK_m__ha_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html&quot;&gt;forlot
2464 jeg leserne i undring&lt;/a&gt; om hvor pakken fra MPEG-LA tok veien, og om
2465 hvilke selskaper i Norge som har avtale med MPEG-LA. Da Ryan hos
2466 MPEG-LA dro på ferie sendte jeg min melding videre til hans kollega,
2467 og dagen etter fikk jeg følgende svar derfra:&lt;/p&gt;
2468
2469 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2470 &lt;p&gt;Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2012 18:32:34 +0000
2471 &lt;br&gt;From: Sidney Wolf &amp;lt;SWolf (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
2472 &lt;br&gt;To: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&amp;gt;
2473 &lt;br&gt;Cc: Ryan Rodriguez &amp;lt;RRodriguez (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
2474 &lt;br&gt;Subject: RE: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
2475
2476 &lt;p&gt;Dear Mr. Reinholdtsen,&lt;/p&gt;
2477
2478 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your message. As you know, Ryan is currently our of the
2479 office, so it will be my pleasure to assist you.&lt;/p&gt;
2480
2481 &lt;p&gt;Per your request, attached please find an electronic copy of the
2482 AVC Patent Portfolio License. Please note that the electronic copy of
2483 the License is provided as a convenience and for informational
2484 purposes only. When concluding the Licenses, only the hard copies
2485 provided by MPEG LA may be used.&lt;/p&gt;
2486
2487 &lt;p&gt;To your question, MPEG LA lists our Licensees on our website
2488 according to each program. The lists are in alphabetical order, so it
2489 is very easy to search.&lt;/p&gt;
2490
2491 &lt;p&gt;I hope that this was helpful. If we can be of additional
2492 assistance, please let me know.&lt;/p&gt;
2493
2494 &lt;p&gt;Kind regards,&lt;/p&gt;
2495
2496 &lt;p&gt;Sidney A. Wolf
2497 &lt;br&gt;Manager, Global Licensing
2498 &lt;br&gt;MPEG LA&lt;/p&gt;
2499 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2500
2501 &lt;p&gt;Selv om et epostvedlegg er nyttig for mottakeren, så håpet jeg å få
2502 et dokument jeg kunne dele med alle leserne av bloggen min, og ikke et
2503 som må deles på individuell basis. Opphavsretten krever godkjenning
2504 fra rettighetsinnehaver før en kan gjøre slikt, så dermed fulgte jeg
2505 opp med et spørsmål om dette var greit.&lt;/p&gt;
2506
2507 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2508 &lt;p&gt;Date: Wed, 4 Jul 2012 20:25:06 +0200
2509 &lt;br&gt;From: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&amp;gt;
2510 &lt;br&gt;To: Sidney Wolf &amp;lt;SWolf (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
2511 &lt;br&gt;Cc: Ryan Rodriguez &amp;lt;RRodriguez (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
2512 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Re: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
2513
2514 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your reply.&lt;/p&gt;
2515
2516 &lt;p&gt;[Sidney Wolf]
2517 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; Per your request, attached please find an electronic copy of the AVC
2518 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; Patent Portfolio License. Please note that the electronic copy of
2519 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; the License is provided as a convenience and for informational
2520 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; purposes only. When concluding the Licenses, only the hard copies
2521 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; provided by MPEG LA may be used.&lt;/p&gt;
2522
2523 &lt;p&gt;This is useful for me to learn, but the reason I asked for the
2524 Internet address of the licensing document was to ensure I could
2525 publish a link to it when I discuss the topic of H.264 licensing here
2526 in Norway, and allow others to verify my observations. I can not do
2527 the same with an email attachment. Thus I would like to ask you if it
2528 is OK with MPEG LA that I publish this document on the Internet for
2529 others to read?&lt;/p&gt;
2530
2531 &lt;p&gt;&amp;gt; To your question, MPEG LA lists our Licensees on our website
2532 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; according to each program. The lists are in alphabetical order, so
2533 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; it is very easy to search.&lt;/p&gt;
2534
2535 &lt;p&gt;I am afraid this do not help me locate Norwegian companies in the
2536 list of Licensees. I do not know the name of all companies and
2537 organisations in Norway, and thus do not know how to locate the
2538 Norwegian ones on that list.&lt;/p&gt;
2539
2540 &lt;p&gt;&amp;gt; I hope that this was helpful. If we can be of additional assistance,
2541 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; please let me know.&lt;/p&gt;
2542
2543 &lt;p&gt;Absoutely helpful to learn more about how MPEG LA handle licensing.&lt;/p&gt;
2544
2545 &lt;p&gt;--
2546 &lt;br&gt;Happy hacking
2547 &lt;br&gt;Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
2548 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2549
2550 &lt;p&gt;Jeg håpet også at det skulle være mulig å få vite hvilke av de
2551 mange hundre som har avtale med MPEG-LA om bruk av H.264 som holdt til
2552 i Norge. Begge mine håp falt i grus med svaret fra MPEG-LA.
2553
2554 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2555 &lt;p&gt;Date: Thu, 5 Jul 2012 17:42:39 +0000
2556 &lt;br&gt;From: Sidney Wolf &amp;lt;SWolf (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
2557 &lt;br&gt;To: &#39;Petter Reinholdtsen&#39; &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&amp;gt;
2558 &lt;br&gt;Cc: Ryan Rodriguez &amp;lt;RRodriguez (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
2559 &lt;br&gt;Subject: RE: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
2560
2561 &lt;p&gt;Dear Mr. Reinholdtsen,&lt;/p&gt;
2562
2563 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your reply.&lt;/p&gt;
2564
2565 &lt;p&gt;We appreciate the additional explanation you have provided and for
2566 asking our permission to publish the electronic copy of the License in
2567 advance of doing so. Typically, MPEG LA prefers to distribute the
2568 electronic copies of our Licenses to interested parties. Therefore,
2569 please feel free to send interested parties to the AVC portion of our
2570 website, http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Intro.aspx for
2571 their further reference.&lt;/p&gt;
2572
2573 &lt;p&gt;As previously mentioned, MPEG LA maintains a list of Licensees in good
2574 standing on our website according to each program. Due to the large
2575 volume of Licensees, it would be administratively impractical to
2576 provide this level of detail to interested parties. Therefore, I am
2577 afraid we are not in a position to assist you with your request.&lt;/p&gt;
2578
2579 &lt;p&gt;Kind regards,&lt;/p&gt;
2580
2581 &lt;p&gt;Sidney A. Wolf
2582 &lt;br&gt;Manager, Global Licensing
2583 &lt;br&gt;MPEG LA&lt;/p&gt;
2584 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2585
2586 &lt;p&gt;Men takket være epostvedlegget kunne jeg søke på Google etter
2587 setningen &quot;WHEREAS, a video standard commonly referred to as AVC has
2588 been defined and is referred to in this Agreement as the “AVC
2589 Standard” (as more fully defined herein below)&quot; som finnes i avtalen,
2590 og lokalisere en kopi fra 2007 av
2591 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1342960/000119312509050004/dex1024.htm&quot;&gt;lisensavtalen
2592 mellom MPEG-LA og DivX, Inc.&lt;/a&gt;, slik at mine lesere kan se hvordan
2593 avtalen så ut da. Jeg har ikke sammenlignet tekstene for å se om noe
2594 har endret seg siden den tid, men satser på at teksten er representativ.&lt;/p&gt;
2595
2596 &lt;p&gt;Jeg aner fortsatt ikke hvor FedEx tok veien med pakken fra
2597 MPEG-LA.&lt;/p&gt;
2598
2599 &lt;p&gt;Update 2012-07-06: Jeg er visst ikke den første som forsøker å få
2600 klarhet i problemstillinger rundt H.264, og kom nettopp over en veldig
2601 interessant bloggpost fra 2010 hos LibreVideo med tittelen
2602 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.librevideo.org/blog/2010/06/14/mpeg-la-answers-some-questions-about-avch-264-licensing/&quot;&gt;MPEG-LA
2603 answers some questions about AVC/H.264 licensing&lt;/a&gt;. Anbefales!&lt;/p&gt;
2604 </description>
2605 </item>
2606
2607 <item>
2608 <title>DIFI foreslår å kaste ut ODF og ta inn OOXML fra statens standardkatalog</title>
2609 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/DIFI_foresl_r___kaste_ut_ODF_og_ta_inn_OOXML_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html</link>
2610 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/DIFI_foresl_r___kaste_ut_ODF_og_ta_inn_OOXML_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html</guid>
2611 <pubDate>Fri, 29 Jun 2012 18:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
2612 <description>&lt;p&gt;DIFI har nettopp annonsert høring om revisjon av
2613 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/forvaltningsstandarder&quot;&gt;standardkatalogen&lt;/a&gt;,
2614 og endelig har Microsoft fått viljen sin. Se
2615 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/hoyring/forslag-om-endring-av-forskrift-om-it-standarder-i-offentlig-forvaltning&quot;&gt;høringssiden&lt;/a&gt;
2616 for hele teksten.&lt;/p&gt;
2617
2618 &lt;p&gt;Her er forslaget i sin helhet:&lt;/p&gt;
2619
2620 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2621 &lt;p&gt;3.2 Revisjon av krav til redigerbare dokumenter&lt;/p&gt;
2622
2623 &lt;p&gt;I første versjon av referansekatalogen i 2007 ble det satt krav om
2624 Open Document Format (ODF), versjon 1.1 (OASIS, 1.2.2007) for
2625 redigerbare dokumenter. Kravet var obligatorisk for stat og sterkt
2626 anbefalt for kommunal sektor. I 2009 ble kravet gjort obligatorisk for
2627 hele offentlig sektor i
2628 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lovdata.no/for/sf/fa/xa-20090925-1222.html&quot;&gt;forskrift
2629 om IT-standarder i forvaltningen&lt;/a&gt;. Anvendelsesområdet for kravet
2630 har vært begrenset til publisering av dokumenter som skal bearbeides
2631 videre (§ 4 nr. 1 andre ledd). I 2011 ble anvendelsesområdet utvidet
2632 til å omfatte utveksling av dokumenter beregnet for redigering som
2633 vedlegg til e-post (§4 nr. 2).&lt;/p&gt;
2634
2635 &lt;p&gt;Office Open XML ISO/IEC 29500:2011 (OOXML) er et dokumentformat
2636 opprinnelig utviklet av Microsoft med tilsvarende anvendelsesområde
2637 som ODF. Formatet er blant annet tatt i bruk i nyere versjoner av
2638 kontorstøtteprogamvaren MS Office. Difi har foretatt en
2639 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/filearchive/revisjonsvurdering-standarder-for-redigerbare-dokumenter-v1-0.pdf&quot;&gt;revisjonsvurdering&lt;/a&gt;
2640 av krav som stilles til redigerbare dokumenter i Forskrift om
2641 IT-standarder i forvaltningen, og anbefaler at kravet til ODF
2642 fjernes. Dette innebærer at det ikke stilles krav til dokumentformater
2643 for redigerbare dokumenter ved publisering på offentlige virksomheters
2644 nettsider og for redigerbare vedlegg til e-post som sendes fra
2645 offentlige virksomheter til innbyggere og næringsliv. Offentlige
2646 virksomheter vil dermed stå fritt til å publisere eller sende
2647 redigerbare dokumenter i det format som ivaretar brukernes behov
2648 best.&lt;/p&gt;
2649
2650 &lt;p&gt;Forslaget innebærer at krav til ODF utgår § 4 nr. 1 tredje ledd og
2651 § 4 nr. 2 første ledd&lt;/p&gt;
2652
2653 &lt;P&gt;Imidlertid bør det stilles strengere krav til hvilke formater
2654 offentlige virksomheter plikter å motta redigerbare dokumenter. Vi
2655 mener at det ikke bør skilles mellom mottak av redigerbare dokumenter
2656 som sendes i ODF eller OOXML3, som begge er åpne standarder. Dette
2657 medfører at innbyggere og næringsliv skal kunne basere sitt valg av
2658 programvare på egne behov og ikke på de valg offentlige virksomheter
2659 tar. Kravet vil omfatte hele offentlig sektor, herunder
2660 utdanningssektoren, hvor det kanskje er størst bruk av ODF. Kravet er
2661 foreslått som ny § 4 nr.2 andre ledd&lt;/p&gt;
2662 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2663
2664 &lt;P&gt;De satser vel på at det hele blir glemt over sommeren, og at de
2665 fleste har glemt Standard Norge og ISOs fallitt fra da OOXML ble
2666 jukset igjennom som ISO-standard. Jeg håper mine lesere sender inn
2667 høringsuttalelser til høringen.&lt;/p&gt;
2668
2669 &lt;p&gt;Anbefaler alle å friske opp sine argumenter ved å lese
2670 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_reply_from_Edgar_Villanueva_to_Microsoft_in_Peru.html&quot;&gt;svaret
2671 fra senator Edgar Villanueva til Microsoft i Peru&lt;/a&gt;. Det er en
2672 klassisk tekst som er like gyldig i dag som da det ble skrevet.&lt;/p&gt;
2673
2674 </description>
2675 </item>
2676
2677 <item>
2678 <title>Departementenes servicesenter har ingen avtale om bruk av H.264 med MPEG-LA</title>
2679 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Departementenes_servicesenter_har_ingen_avtale_om_bruk_av_H_264_med_MPEG_LA.html</link>
2680 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Departementenes_servicesenter_har_ingen_avtale_om_bruk_av_H_264_med_MPEG_LA.html</guid>
2681 <pubDate>Fri, 29 Jun 2012 09:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
2682 <description>&lt;p&gt;Da fikk jeg nettopp svar fra
2683 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dss.dep.no/&quot;&gt;Departementenes servicesenter&lt;/a&gt;
2684 (DSS) på
2685 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html&quot;&gt;mitt
2686 spørsmål om avtale rundt bruk av H.264&lt;/a&gt;. De har ingen avtale med
2687 MPEG LA eller dets representanter. Her er svaret.
2688
2689 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2690
2691 &lt;p&gt;Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2012 07:04:42 +0000
2692 &lt;br&gt;From: Nielsen Mette Haga &amp;lt;Mette-Haga.Nielsen (at) dss.dep.no&amp;gt;
2693 &lt;br&gt;To: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;petter.reinholdtsen (at) ...&amp;gt;
2694 &lt;br&gt;CC: Postmottak &amp;lt;Postmottak (at) dss.dep.no&amp;gt;
2695 &lt;br&gt;Subject: SV: Innsynsbegjæring om MPEG/H.264-relaterte avtaler&lt;/p&gt;
2696
2697 &lt;p&gt;DSS har ikke inngått noen egen lisensavtale med MPEG-LA eller noen som
2698 representerer MPEG-LA i Norge. Videoløsningen på regjeringen.no er
2699 levert av Smartcom:tv. Lisensforholdet rundt H.264 er ikke omtalt i
2700 vår avtale med Smartcom.&lt;/p&gt;
2701
2702 &lt;p&gt;Vennlig hilsen&lt;/p&gt;
2703
2704 &lt;p&gt;Mette Haga Nielsen
2705 &lt;br&gt;Fung. seksjonssjef&lt;/p&gt;
2706
2707 &lt;p&gt;Departementenes servicesenter&lt;/p&gt;
2708
2709 &lt;p&gt;Informasjonsforvaltning
2710
2711 &lt;p&gt;Mobil 93 09 83 51
2712 &lt;br&gt;E-post mette-haga.nielsen (at) dss.dep.no&lt;/p&gt;
2713 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2714
2715 &lt;p&gt;Hvis den norske regjeringen representert ved DSS ikke har slik
2716 avtale, så kan en kanskje konkludere med at det ikke trengs? Jeg er
2717 ikke trygg på at det er god juridisk grunn å stå på, men det er i det
2718 minste interessant å vite at hverken NRK eller DSS har funnet det
2719 nødvendig å ha avtale om bruk av H.264.&lt;/p&gt;
2720
2721 &lt;p&gt;Det forklarer ikke hvordan de kan ignorere bruksvilkårene knyttet
2722 til bruk av opphavsrettsbeskyttet materiale de bruker til
2723 videoproduksjon, med mindre slike vilkår kan ignoreres av selskaper og
2724 privatpersoner i Norge. Har de lov til å bryte vilkårene, eller har
2725 de brutt dem og så langt sluppet unna med det? Jeg aner ikke.&lt;/p&gt;
2726 </description>
2727 </item>
2728
2729 <item>
2730 <title>MPEG-LA mener NRK må ha avtale med dem for å kringkaste og publisere H.264-video</title>
2731 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_mener_NRK_m__ha_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html</link>
2732 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_mener_NRK_m__ha_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html</guid>
2733 <pubDate>Thu, 28 Jun 2012 20:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
2734 <description>&lt;p&gt;Etter at NRK
2735 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NRK_nekter___finne_og_utlevere_eventuell_avtale_med_MPEG_LA.html&quot;&gt;nektet
2736 å spore opp eventuell avtale med MPEG-LA&lt;/a&gt; eller andre om bruk av
2737 MPEG/H.264-video etter at jeg &lt;a
2738 href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html&quot;&gt;ba
2739 om innsyn i slike avtaler&lt;/a&gt;, tenkte jeg at i stedet for å forsøke å
2740 få NRK til å finne en slik avtale, så burde det være like enkelt å
2741 spørre MPEG-LA om de hadde avtale med NRK. Spørsmålet ble sendt før
2742 jeg fikk tips fra Kieran Kunhya om hvor listen over lisensinnehavere
2743 &quot;in Good Standing&quot; befant seg. MPEG-LA svarte meg i dag, og kan
2744 fortelle at NRK ikke har noen avtale med dem, så da er i det minste det
2745 slått fast. Ikke overraskende mener MPEG-LA at det trengs en avtale
2746 med MPEG-LA for å streame H.264, men deres rammer er jo
2747 rettstilstanden i USA og ikke Norge. Jeg tar dermed den delen av
2748 svaret med en klype salt. Jeg er dermed fortsatt ikke klok på om det
2749 trengs en avtale, og hvis det trengs en avtale her i Norge, heller
2750 ikke sikker på om NRK har en avtale med noen andre enn MPEG-LA som
2751 gjør at de ikke trenger avtale direkte med MPEG-LA. Jeg håper NRKs
2752 jurister har vurdert dette, og at det er mulig å få tilgang til
2753 vurderingen uansett om de trenger en avtale eller ikke.&lt;/p&gt;
2754
2755 &lt;p&gt;Her er epostutvekslingen med MPEG-LA så langt. Håper ikke
2756 utvekslingen fører til NRK plutselig får en litt uventet pakke fra
2757 MPEG-LA.&lt;/p&gt;
2758
2759 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2760 &lt;p&gt;Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2012 15:29:37 +0200
2761 &lt;br&gt;From: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&amp;gt;
2762 &lt;br&gt;To: licensing-web (at) mpegla.com
2763 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
2764
2765 &lt;p&gt;Hi. I have a small question for you, that I hope it is OK that I
2766 ask.&lt;/p&gt;
2767
2768 &lt;p&gt;Is there any license agreements between MPEG-LA and NRK, &amp;lt;URL:
2769 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nrk.no/&quot;&gt;http://www.nrk.no/&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;, the
2770 Norwegian national broadcasting cooperation? I am not sure if they
2771 need one, and am just curious if such agreeement exist.&lt;/p&gt;
2772
2773 &lt;p&gt;The postal address is&lt;/p&gt;
2774
2775 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2776 NRK
2777 &lt;br&gt;Postbox 8500, Majorstuen
2778 &lt;br&gt;0340 Oslo
2779 &lt;br&gt;Norway
2780 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2781
2782 &lt;p&gt;if it make it easier for you to locate such agreement.&lt;/p&gt;
2783
2784 &lt;p&gt;Can you tell me how many entities in Norway have an agreement with
2785 MPEG-LA, and the name of these entities?&lt;/p&gt;
2786
2787 &lt;p&gt;--
2788 &lt;br&gt;Happy hacking
2789 &lt;br&gt;Petter Reinholdtsen
2790 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2791
2792 &lt;p&gt;I dag, to dager senere, fikk jeg følgende svar:&lt;/p&gt;
2793
2794 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2795 &lt;p&gt;Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2012 14:11:17 +0000
2796 &lt;br&gt;From: Ryan Rodriguez &amp;lt;RRodriguez (at) mpegla.com&gt;
2797 &lt;br&gt;To: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&gt;
2798 &lt;br&gt;CC: MD Administration &amp;lt;MDAdministration (at) mpegla.com&gt;
2799 &lt;br&gt;Subject: RE: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
2800
2801 &lt;p&gt;Dear Mr. Reinholdtsen,&lt;/p&gt;
2802
2803 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your message and for your interest in MPEG LA. We
2804 appreciate hearing from you and I will be happy to assist you.&lt;/p&gt;
2805
2806 &lt;p&gt;To begin, I will assume that you are referring to AVC/H.264
2807 technology in your message below, as this technology is commonly used
2808 in the transmission of video content. In that case, please allow me
2809 to briefly summarize the coverage provided by our AVC Patent Portfolio
2810 License.&lt;/p&gt;
2811
2812 &lt;P&gt;Our AVC License provides coverage for end products and video
2813 services that make use of AVC/H.264 technology. Accordingly, the
2814 party offering such end products and video to End Users concludes the
2815 AVC License and is responsible for paying the applicable royalties
2816 associated with the end products/video they offer.&lt;/p&gt;
2817
2818 &lt;p&gt;While the Norwegian Broadcast Corporation (NRK) is not currently a
2819 Licensee to MPEG LA&#39;s AVC License (or any other Portfolio License
2820 offered by MPEG LA), if NRK offers AVC Video to End Users for
2821 remuneration (for example, Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free
2822 Television, or Internet Broadcast AVC Video), then NRK will need to
2823 conclude the AVC License and may be responsible for paying applicable
2824 royalties associated with the AVC Video it distributes.&lt;/p&gt;
2825
2826 &lt;p&gt;Today I will send you a FedEx package containing a copy of our AVC
2827 License for your review. You should receive the License document
2828 within the next few days.&lt;/p&gt;
2829
2830 &lt;p&gt;Meanwhile, MPEG LA currently has several Norwegian Licensees that
2831 can be found under the &quot;Licensees&quot; header within the respective
2832 portion of our website. For example, you may find our list of
2833 Licensees in Good Standing to our AVC License in the AVC portion of
2834 our website,
2835 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Licensees.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Licensees.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2836
2837 &lt;p&gt;I hope the above information is helpful. If you have additional
2838 questions or need further assistance with the AVC License, please feel
2839 free to contact me directly. I look forward to hearing from you again
2840 soon.&lt;/p&gt;
2841
2842 &lt;p&gt;Best regards,&lt;/p&gt;
2843
2844 &lt;p&gt;Ryan&lt;/p&gt;
2845
2846 &lt;p&gt;Ryan M. Rodriguez
2847 &lt;br&gt;Licensing Associate
2848 &lt;br&gt;MPEG LA
2849 &lt;br&gt;5425 Wisconsin Avenue
2850 &lt;br&gt;Suite 801
2851 &lt;br&gt;Chevy Chase, MD 20815
2852 &lt;br&gt;U.S.A.
2853 &lt;br&gt;Phone: +1 (301) 986-6660 x211
2854 &lt;br&gt;Fax: +1 (301) 986-8575
2855 &lt;br&gt;Email: rrodriguez (at) mpegla.com&lt;/p&gt;
2856
2857 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2858
2859 &lt;p&gt;Meldingen om utsendt FedEx-pakke var så merkelig at jeg
2860 øyeblikkelig sendte svar tilbake og spurte hva i alle dager han mente,
2861 da han jo ikke hadde fått noen postadresse som nådde meg.&lt;/p&gt;
2862
2863 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2864
2865 &lt;p&gt;Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2012 16:36:15 +0200
2866 &lt;br&gt;From: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&amp;gt;
2867 &lt;br&gt;To: Ryan Rodriguez &amp;lt;RRodriguez (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
2868 &lt;br&gt;Cc: MD Administration &amp;lt;MDAdministration (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
2869 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Re: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
2870
2871 &lt;p&gt;[Ryan Rodriguez]
2872 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; Dear Mr. Reinholdtsen,&lt;/p&gt;
2873
2874 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your quick reply.&lt;/p&gt;
2875
2876 &lt;p&gt;&amp;gt; Today I will send you a FedEx package containing a copy of our AVC
2877 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; License for your review. You should receive the License document
2878 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; within the next few days.&lt;/p&gt;
2879
2880 &lt;p&gt;The part about sending a FedEx package confused me, though. I did not
2881 &lt;br&gt;give you my address, nor am I associated with NRK in any way, so I hope
2882 &lt;br&gt;you did not try to send me a package using the address of NRK. If you
2883 &lt;br&gt;would send me the Internet address of to the document, it would be more
2884 &lt;br&gt;useful to me to be able to download it as an electronic document.&lt;/p&gt;
2885
2886 &lt;p&gt;&amp;gt; Meanwhile, MPEG LA currently has several Norwegian Licensees that can
2887 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; be found under the &quot;Licensees&quot; header within the respective portion
2888 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; of our website. For example, you may find our list of Licensees in
2889 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; Good Standing to our AVC License in the AVC portion of our website,
2890 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Licensees.aspx&lt;/p&gt;
2891
2892 &lt;p&gt;How can I recognize the Norwegian licensees?&lt;/p&gt;
2893
2894 &lt;p&gt;--
2895 &lt;br&gt;Happy hacking
2896 &lt;br&gt;Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
2897 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2898
2899 &lt;p&gt;Selv om jeg svarte kun noen minutter etter at jeg fikk eposten fra
2900 MPEG-LA, fikk jeg eposten under som automatisk var beskjed på min
2901 siste epost. Får håpe noen likevel følger opp &quot;FedEx-pakken&quot;. For å
2902 øke sjansen for at noen revurderer utsending av pakke uten mottaker,
2903 videresendte jeg min epost til swolf (at) mpegla.com, så får vi se.
2904 Har ikke hørt noe mer 3 timer senere, så jeg mistenker at ingen leste
2905 min epost tidsnok.&lt;/p&gt;
2906
2907 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2908
2909 &lt;p&gt;Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2012 14:36:20 +0000
2910 &lt;br&gt;From: Ryan Rodriguez &amp;lt;RRodriguez (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
2911 &lt;br&gt;To: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&amp;gt;
2912 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Automatic reply: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
2913
2914 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your message.&lt;/p&gt;
2915
2916 &lt;p&gt;I will be out of the office until Thursday, July 5 and will respond
2917 to all messages upon my return. If this is a matter that requires
2918 immediate attention, please contact Sidney Wolf (swolf (at)
2919 mpegla.com)&lt;/p&gt;
2920
2921 &lt;p&gt;Best regards,&lt;/p&gt;
2922
2923 &lt;p&gt;Ryan&lt;/p&gt;
2924
2925 &lt;p&gt;Ryan M. Rodriguez
2926 &lt;br&gt;Licensing Associate
2927 &lt;br&gt;MPEG LA&lt;/p&gt;
2928
2929 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2930
2931 &lt;p&gt;Litt klokere, men fortsatt ikke klok på mitt opprinnelige spørsmål,
2932 som er om en trenger avtale med MPEG-LA for å publisere eller
2933 kringkaste H.264-video i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;
2934 </description>
2935 </item>
2936
2937 <item>
2938 <title>NRK nekter å finne og utlevere eventuell avtale med MPEG-LA</title>
2939 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NRK_nekter___finne_og_utlevere_eventuell_avtale_med_MPEG_LA.html</link>
2940 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NRK_nekter___finne_og_utlevere_eventuell_avtale_med_MPEG_LA.html</guid>
2941 <pubDate>Mon, 25 Jun 2012 15:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
2942 <description>&lt;p&gt;Jeg fikk nettopp svar fra NRK på
2943 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html&quot;&gt;min
2944 forespørsel om kopi av avtale&lt;/a&gt; med MPEG-LA eller andre om bruk av
2945 MPEG og/eller H.264. Svaret har fått saksreferanse 2011/371 (mon tro
2946 hva slags sak fra 2011 dette er?) hos NRK og lyder som følger:&lt;/p&gt;
2947
2948 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2949
2950 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Svar på innsynsbegjæring i MPEG / H.264-relaterte
2951 avtaler&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2952
2953 &lt;p&gt;Viser til innsynsbegjæring av 19. juni 2012. Kravet om innsyn
2954 gjelder avtale som gjør at NRK «ikke er begrenset av de generelle
2955 bruksvilkårene som gjelder for utstyr som bruker MPEG og/eller
2956 H.264».&lt;/p&gt;
2957
2958 &lt;p&gt;I henhold til offentleglova § 28 annet ledd må innsynskravet gjelde
2959 en bestemt sak eller i rimelig utstrekning saker av en bestemt
2960 sak. Det er på det rene at det aktuelle innsynskravet ikke gjelder en
2961 bestemt sak. Spørsmålet som reiser seg er om identifiseringsgraden er
2962 tilstrekkelig. I Justisdepartementets «Rettleiar til offentleglova»
2963 står følgende:&lt;/p&gt;
2964
2965 &lt;p&gt;«Kravet om at innsynskravet må gjelde ei bestemt sak er til hinder
2966 for at eit innsynskrav kan gjelde alle saker av ein bestemt art, utan
2967 at den enkelte saka blir identifisert. Ein kan med andre ord i
2968 utgangspunktet ikkje krevje innsyn i til dømes alle saker om
2969 utsleppsløyve hos Statens forureiningstilsyn frå dei siste tre åra,
2970 med mindre ein identifiserer kvar enkelt sak, til dømes med tilvising
2971 til dato, partar eller liknande.»&lt;/p&gt;
2972
2973 &lt;p&gt;Vedrørende denne begrensningen har Justisdepartementet uttalt
2974 følgende (Lovavdelingens uttalelser JDLOV-2010-3295):&lt;/p&gt;
2975
2976 &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Bakgrunnen for avgrensinga av kva innsynskravet kan gjelde,
2977 er fyrst og fremst at meir generelle innsynskrav, utan noka form for
2978 identifikasjon av kva ein eigentleg ynskjer, ville vere svært
2979 vanskelege å handsame for forvaltninga.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2980
2981 &lt;p&gt;I samme sak uttaler Lovavdelingen følgende:&lt;/p&gt;
2982
2983 &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Det følgjer vidare av offentleglova § 28 andre ledd at det `i
2984 rimeleg utstrekning&#39; kan krevjast innsyn i `saker av ein bestemt
2985 art&#39;. Vilkåret om at eit innsynskrav berre `i rimeleg utstrekning&#39; kan
2986 gjelde saker av ein bestemt art, er i hovudsak knytt til kor
2987 arbeidskrevjande det vil vere å finne fram til dei aktuelle
2988 dokumenta. I tillegg reknar vi med at vilkåret kan gje grunnlag for å
2989 nekte innsyn i tilfelle der innsynskravet er så omfattande (gjeld så
2990 mange dokument) at arbeidsmengda som ville gått med til å handsame
2991 det, er større enn det ein `i rimeleg utstrekning&#39; kan krevje (sjølv
2992 om det nok skal mykje til).»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2993
2994 &lt;p&gt;NRK har ikke noen egen sammenstilling over avtaler innenfor
2995 bestemte områder som omtales i innsynsbegjæringen. De måtte søkes på
2996 vanlig måte. I tillegg finnes ikke noen automatisert måte å finne
2997 avtaler som «ikke er begrenset av de generelle bruksvilkårene som
2998 gjelder for utstyr som bruker MPEG og/eller H.264». En slik
2999 gjennomgang av avtaler måtte gjøres manuelt av en person med
3000 spesialistkunnskap. Dette vil kreve at NRK avsetter omfattende
3001 ressurser for å finne frem relevante avtaler og for deretter å vurdere
3002 om de dekkes av det innsynsbegjæringen omfattes.&lt;/p&gt;
3003
3004 &lt;p&gt;På bakgrunn av dette nekter NRK innsyn, med den begrunnelsen at
3005 innsynskravet er så omfattende at arbeidsmengden for å håndtere kravet
3006 vil være langt større enn det som i rimelig utstrekning kan kreves i
3007 henhold til offentleglova § 28 annet ledd.&lt;/p&gt;
3008
3009 &lt;p&gt;Avslag på deres innsynsbegjæring kan påklages til Kultur- og
3010 kirkedepartementet innen tre uker fra det tidspunkt avslaget kommer
3011 frem til mottakeren, i henhold til reglene i offentleglova § 32,
3012 jf. forvaltningsloven kapittel VI. Klagen skal stiles til Kultur- og
3013 kirkedepartementet, og sendes til NRK.&lt;/p&gt;
3014
3015 &lt;p&gt;NRK er imidlertid etter Offentleglova forpliktet å gi ut journaler,
3016 slik at en eventuell søknad om innsyn kan tydeligere identifisere
3017 hvilke dokumenter som det ønskes innsyn i. NRKs offentlige journaler
3018 for inneværende og forrige måned ligger ute på
3019 NRK.no/innsyn. Journaler som går lengre tilbake i tid, kan sendes ut
3020 på forespørsel til innsyn (at) nrk.no.&lt;/p&gt;
3021
3022 &lt;p&gt;Med hilsen
3023 &lt;br&gt;Dokumentarkivet i NRK
3024 &lt;br&gt;v/ Elin Brandsrud
3025 &lt;br&gt;Tel. direkte: 23 04 29 29
3026 &lt;br&gt;Post: RBM3, Postboks 8500 Majorstuen, 0340 Oslo
3027 &lt;br&gt;innsyn (at) nrk.no&lt;/p&gt;
3028
3029 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3030
3031 &lt;p&gt;Svaret kom
3032 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-06-25-video-mpegla-nrk.pdf&quot;&gt;i
3033 PDF-form som vedlegg på epost&lt;/a&gt;. Jeg er litt usikker på hvordan jeg
3034 best går videre for å bli klok, men jeg har jo i hvert fall tre uker
3035 på å vurdere om jeg skal klage. Enten må nok forespørselen
3036 reformuleres eller så må jeg vel klage. Synes jo det er merkelig at
3037 NRK ikke har bedre kontroll med hvilke avtaler de har inngått. Det
3038 burde jo være noen i ledelsen som vet om de har signert en avtale med
3039 MPEG-LA eller ikke...&lt;/p&gt;
3040
3041 &lt;p&gt;Oppdatering 2012-06-25 20:20: Et google-søk på &quot;2011/371 nrk&quot;
3042 sendte meg til postjournalen for
3043 &lt;a href=&quot;http://nrk.no/contentfile/file/1.8212365!offentligjournal19062012.pdf&quot;&gt;2012-06-19&lt;/a&gt;
3044 og
3045 &lt;a href=&quot;http://nrk.no/contentfile/file/1.8214156!offentligjournal20062012.pdf&quot;&gt;2012-06-20&lt;/a&gt;
3046 hos NRK som viser mine forespørsler og viser at sakens tittel hos NRK
3047 er &quot;Graphic Systems Regions MA 2378/10E&quot;. Videre søk etter &quot;Graphic
3048 Systems Regions&quot; viser at dette er saken til et anbud om
3049 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://no.mercell.com/m/mts/Tender/27179412.aspx&quot;&gt;a graphics
3050 system for 12 or 13 sites broadcasting regional news&lt;/a&gt;&quot; hos Mercell
3051 Sourcing Service, også omtalt på
3052 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.publictenders.net/tender/595705&quot;&gt;Public
3053 Tenders&lt;/a&gt; og
3054 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.doffin.no/search/show/search_view.aspx?ID=JAN155521&quot;&gt;Doffin&lt;/a&gt;.
3055 Jeg er dog usikker på hvordan dette er relatert til min
3056 forespørsel.&lt;/p&gt;
3057
3058 &lt;p&gt;Oppdatering 2012-06-25 22:40: Ble tipset av Kieran Kunhya, fra
3059 miljøet rundt
3060 &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/open-broadcast-encoder/&quot;&gt;Open
3061 Broadcast Encoder&lt;/a&gt;, at listen over de som har lisensavtale med
3062 MPEG-LA er
3063 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpeg-la.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Licensees.aspx&quot;&gt;tilgjengelig
3064 på web&lt;/a&gt;. Veldig fint å oppdage hvor den finnes, da jeg må ha lett
3065 etter feil ting da jeg forsøke å finne den. Der står ikke NRK, men
3066 flere andre &quot;Broadcasting Company&quot;-oppføringer. Lurer på om det betyr
3067 at NRK ikke trenger avtale, eller noe helt annet?&lt;/p&gt;
3068 </description>
3069 </item>
3070
3071 <item>
3072 <title>Trenger en avtale med MPEG-LA for å publisere og kringkaste H.264-video?</title>
3073 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html</link>
3074 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html</guid>
3075 <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jun 2012 13:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
3076 <description>&lt;p&gt;Trengs det avtale med MPEG-LA for å ha lovlig rett til å
3077 distribuere og kringkaste video i MPEG4 eller med videokodingen H.264?
3078 &lt;a href=&quot;http://webmink.com/essays/h-264/&quot;&gt;H.264 og MPEG4 er jo ikke en
3079 fri og åpen standard&lt;/a&gt; i henhold til
3080 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fri_og__pen_standard__slik_Digistan_ser_det.html&quot;&gt;definisjonen
3081 til Digistan&lt;/a&gt;, så i enkelte land er det ingen tvil om at du må ha
3082 en slik avtale, men jeg må innrømme at jeg ikke vet om det også
3083 gjelder Norge. Det ser uansett ut til å være en juridisk interessant
3084 problemstilling. Men jeg tenkte her om dagen som så, at hvis det er
3085 nødvendig, så har store aktører som
3086 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nrk.no/&quot;&gt;NRK&lt;/a&gt; og
3087 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/&quot;&gt;regjeringen&lt;/a&gt; skaffet seg en
3088 slik avtale. Jeg har derfor sendt forespørsel til begge (for
3089 regjeringen sin del er det Departementenes Servicesenter som gjør
3090 jobben), og bedt om kopi av eventuelle avtaler de har om bruk av MPEG
3091 og/eller H.264 med MPEG-LA eller andre aktører som opererer på vegne
3092 av MPEG-LA. Her er kopi av eposten jeg har sendt til
3093 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dss.dep.no/&quot;&gt;Departementenes Servicesenter&lt;/a&gt;.
3094 Forespørselen til NRK er veldig lik.&lt;/p&gt;
3095
3096 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
3097
3098 &lt;p&gt;Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2012 15:18:33 +0200
3099 &lt;br&gt;From: Petter Reinholdtsen
3100 &lt;br&gt;To: postmottak@dss.dep.no
3101 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Innsynsbegjæring om MPEG/H.264-relaterte avtaler
3102
3103 &lt;p&gt;Hei. Jeg ber herved om innsyn og kopi av dokumenter i DSS relatert
3104 til avtaler rundt bruk av videoformatene MPEG og H.264. Jeg er
3105 spesielt interessert i å vite om DSS har lisensavtale med MPEG-LA
3106 eller noen som representerer MPEG-LA i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;
3107
3108 &lt;p&gt;MPEG og H.264 er videoformater som brukes både til kringkasting
3109 (f.eks. i bakkenett og kabel-TV) og videopublisering på web, deriblant
3110 via Adobe Flash. MPEG-LA, &amp;lt;URL:
3111 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpeg-la.com/&quot;&gt;http://www.mpeg-la.com/&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;, er
3112 en organisasjon som har fått oppgaven, av de kjente rettighetshavere
3113 av immaterielle rettigheter knyttet til MPEG og H.264, å selge
3114 bruksrett for MPEG og H.264.&lt;/p&gt;
3115
3116 &lt;p&gt;Via regjeringen.no kringkastes med MPEG og H.264-baserte
3117 videoformater, og dette ser ut til å være organisert av DSS. Jeg
3118 antar dermed at DSS har avtale med en eller annen aktør om dette.&lt;/p&gt;
3119
3120 &lt;p&gt;F.eks. har Adobe Premiere Pro har følgende klausul i følge &amp;lt;URL:
3121 &lt;a href=&quot;http://news.cnet.com/8301-30685_3-20000101-264.html&quot;&gt;http://news.cnet.com/8301-30685_3-20000101-264.html&lt;/a&gt;
3122 &amp;gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
3123
3124 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
3125
3126 &lt;p&gt;6.17. AVC DISTRIBUTION. The following notice applies to software
3127 containing AVC import and export functionality: THIS PRODUCT IS
3128 LICENSED UNDER THE AVC PATENT PORTFOLIO LICENSE FOR THE PERSONAL AND
3129 NON-COMMERCIAL USE OF A CONSUMER TO (a) ENCODE VIDEO IN COMPLIANCE
3130 WITH THE AVC STANDARD (&quot;AVC VIDEO&quot;) AND/OR (b) DECODE AVC VIDEO THAT
3131 WAS ENCODED BY A CONSUMER ENGAGED IN A PERSONAL AND NON-COMMERCIAL
3132 ACTIVITY AND/OR AVC VIDEO THAT WAS OBTAINED FROM A VIDEO PROVIDER
3133 LICENSED TO PROVIDE AVC VIDEO. NO LICENSE IS GRANTED OR SHALL BE
3134 IMPLIED FOR ANY OTHER USE. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION MAY BE OBTAINED
3135 FROM MPEG LA L.L.C. SEE
3136 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com&quot;&gt;http://www.mpegla.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
3137
3138 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3139
3140 &lt;p&gt;Her er det kun &quot;non-commercial&quot; og &quot;personal and non-commercial&quot;
3141 aktivitet som er tillatt uten ekstra avtale med MPEG-LA.&lt;/p&gt;
3142
3143 &lt;p&gt;Et annet tilsvarende eksempel er Apple Final Cut Pro, som har
3144 følgende klausul i følge &amp;lt;URL:
3145 &lt;a href=&quot;http://images.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/finalcutstudio2.pdf&quot;&gt;http://images.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/finalcutstudio2.pdf&lt;/a&gt;
3146 &amp;gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
3147
3148 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
3149
3150 &lt;p&gt;15. Merknad om H.264/AVC. Hvis Apple-programvaren inneholder
3151 funksjonalitet for AVC-koding og/eller AVC-dekoding, krever
3152 kommersiell bruk ekstra lisensiering og følgende gjelder:
3153 AVC-FUNKSJONALITETEN I DETTE PRODUKTET KAN KUN ANVENDES AV
3154 FORBRUKERE OG KUN FOR PERSONLIG OG IKKE- KOMMERSIELL BRUK TIL (i)
3155 KODING AV VIDEO I OVERENSSTEMMELSE MED AVC-STANDARDEN (&quot;AVC-VIDEO&quot;)
3156 OG/ELLER (ii) DEKODING AV AVC-VIDEO SOM ER KODET AV EN FORBRUKER TIL
3157 PERSONLIG OG IKKE-KOMMERSIELL BRUK OG/ELLER DEKODING AV AVC-VIDEO
3158 FRA EN VIDEOLEVERANDØR SOM HAR LISENS TIL Å TILBY
3159 AVC-VIDEO. INFORMASJON OM ANNEN BRUK OG LISENSIERING KAN INNHENTES
3160 FRA MPEG LA L.L.C. SE HTTP://WWW.MPEGLA.COM.&lt;/p&gt;
3161 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3162
3163 &lt;p&gt;Tilsvarende gjelder for andre programvarepakker, kamera, etc som
3164 bruker MPEG og H.264, at en må ha en avtale med MPEG-LA for å ha lov
3165 til å bruke programmet/utstyret hvis en skal lage noe annet enn
3166 private filmer og i ikke-kommersiell virksomhet.&lt;/p&gt;
3167
3168 &lt;p&gt;Jeg er altså interessert i kopi av avtaler DSS har som gjør at en
3169 ikke er begrenset av de generelle bruksvilkårene som gjelder for
3170 utstyr som bruker MPEG og/eller H.264.&lt;/p&gt;
3171 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3172
3173 &lt;p&gt;Nå venter jeg spent på svaret. Jeg planlegger å blogge om svaret
3174 her.&lt;/p&gt;
3175 </description>
3176 </item>
3177
3178 <item>
3179 <title>The cost of ODF and OOXML</title>
3180 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_cost_of_ODF_and_OOXML.html</link>
3181 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_cost_of_ODF_and_OOXML.html</guid>
3182 <pubDate>Sat, 26 May 2012 18:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
3183 <description>&lt;p&gt;I just come across a blog post from Glyn Moody reporting the
3184 claimed cost from Microsoft on requiring ODF to be used by the UK
3185 government. I just sent him an email to let him know that his
3186 assumption are most likely wrong. Sharing it here in case some of my
3187 blog readers have seem the same numbers float around in the UK.&lt;/p&gt;
3188
3189 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt; &lt;p&gt;Hi. I just noted your
3190 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/open-enterprise/2012/04/does-microsoft-office-lock-in-cost-the-uk-government-500-million/index.htm&quot;&gt;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/open-enterprise/2012/04/does-microsoft-office-lock-in-cost-the-uk-government-500-million/index.htm&lt;/a&gt;
3191 comment:&lt;/p&gt;
3192
3193 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;They&#39;re all in Danish, not unreasonably, but even
3194 with the help of Google Translate I can&#39;t find any figures about the
3195 savings of &quot;moving to a flexible two standard&quot; as claimed by the
3196 Microsoft email. But I assume it is backed up somewhere, so let&#39;s take
3197 it, and the £500 million figure for the UK, on trust.&quot;
3198 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3199
3200 &lt;p&gt;I can tell you that the Danish reports are inflated. I believe it is
3201 the same reports that were used in the Norwegian debate around 2007,
3202 and Gisle Hannemyr (a well known IT commentator in Norway) had a look
3203 at the content. In short, the reason it is claimed that using ODF
3204 will be so costly, is based on the assumption that this mean every
3205 existing document need to be converted from one of the MS Office
3206 formats to ODF, transferred to the receiver, and converted back from
3207 ODF to one of the MS Office formats, and that the conversion will cost
3208 10 minutes of work time for both the sender and the receiver. In
3209 reality the sender would have a tool capable of saving to ODF, and the
3210 receiver would have a tool capable of reading it, and the time spent
3211 would at most be a few seconds for saving and loading, not 20 minutes
3212 of wasted effort.&lt;/p&gt;
3213
3214 &lt;p&gt;Microsoft claimed all these costs were saved by allowing people to
3215 transfer the original files from MS Office instead of spending 10
3216 minutes converting to ODF. :)&lt;/p&gt;
3217
3218 &lt;p&gt;See
3219 &lt;a href=&quot;http://hannemyr.com/no/ms12_vl02.php&quot;&gt;http://hannemyr.com/no/ms12_vl02.php&lt;/a&gt;
3220 and
3221 &lt;a href=&quot;http://hannemyr.com/no/ms12.php&quot;&gt;http://hannemyr.com/no/ms12.php&lt;/a&gt;
3222 for background information. Norwegian only, sorry. :)&lt;/p&gt;
3223 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3224 </description>
3225 </item>
3226
3227 <item>
3228 <title>OpenOffice.org fungerer da fint for blinde?</title>
3229 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/OpenOffice_org_fungerer_da_fint_for_blinde_.html</link>
3230 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/OpenOffice_org_fungerer_da_fint_for_blinde_.html</guid>
3231 <pubDate>Mon, 21 May 2012 23:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
3232 <description>&lt;p&gt;De siste dagene har høringsuttalelsene om DIFIs forslag til
3233 standardkatalog v3.1 blitt
3234 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/hoyring/hoyring-om-nye-anbefalte-it-standarder?tab=comments&quot;&gt;publisert
3235 på DIFIs nettside&lt;/a&gt;, og jeg kunne der glede meg over at
3236 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/201204-standardkatalog-v3.1&quot;&gt;NUUGs&lt;/a&gt;
3237 uttalelse er kommet med. En uttalelse som overrasker og forvirrer meg
3238 er
3239 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/filearchive/norges-blindeforbund.pdf&quot;&gt;den
3240 fra Norges Blindeforbund&lt;/a&gt;, som 5 år etter at Klaus Knopper sammen
3241 med sin blinde kone blant annet
3242 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20071211-accessibility/&quot;&gt;demonstrerte
3243 høyttalende OpenOffice.org på nynorsk for blinde&lt;/a&gt; på et NUUG-møte.&lt;/p&gt;
3244
3245 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blindeforbundet.no/&quot;&gt;Norges Blindeforbund&lt;/a&gt;
3246 skriver følgende, som for meg virker å være formulert på sviktende
3247 grunnlag:&lt;/p&gt;
3248
3249 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
3250 &lt;p&gt;Bruk av fri programvare
3251
3252 &lt;p&gt;I FRIPROGSENTERET, RAPPORT 2009-02: Universell utforming
3253 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kunnskapsbazaren.no/filer/Friprogsenteret-Rapport-Universell_utforming.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.kunnskapsbazaren.no/filer/Friprogsenteret-Rapport-Universell_utforming.pdf&lt;/a&gt;
3254 sies det &quot;Det finnes i dag ikke mange fri programvare-rammeverk eller
3255 generelle løsninger som støtter tilgjengelighet eller som er
3256 universelt utformet.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3257
3258 &lt;p&gt;Til tross for at det gjennom prinsippene i fri programvare åpnes
3259 for større frihet til selv å påvirke programvareløsninger i retning av
3260 universell utforming viser praksis at virkeligheten er en annen.
3261 Mange av de mest alminnelige frie programvarepakkene mangler delvis
3262 eller fullstendig tilgjengelighet for mennesker med nedsatt
3263 syn. Eksempler på dette er OpenOffice og LibreOffice m.fl.&lt;/p&gt;
3264
3265 &lt;p&gt;En annen utfordring ved bruk av fri programvare kan være manglende
3266 kundestøtte og muligheter til opplæring i bruk av løsningen. Svaksynte
3267 og blinde har et høyere behov for denne typen støtte enn andre brukere
3268 ettersom mange av dem har behov for tilleggsprogramvare som skal
3269 fungere sammen med den opprinnelige programvaren, og ettersom man ikke
3270 har de samme muligheter for overblikk over grensesnittet som en seende
3271 bruker. I tillegg til dette kommer de mer tilgjengelighetstekniske
3272 utfordringene som ofte må løses i samarbeid med
3273 programvareleverandør/produsent.&lt;/p&gt;
3274
3275 &lt;p&gt;Fri programvare er ikke på samme måte underlagt lovgivning gjennom
3276 for eksempel diskriminerings og tilgjengelighetsloven ettersom det
3277 ikke alltid finnes en produsent/tilbyder av tjenesten eller produktet.&lt;/p&gt;
3278
3279 &lt;p&gt;Norges Blindeforbund krever at universell utforming og
3280 brukskvalitet tas med som viktige hensyn i utredninger som ligger til
3281 grunn for valg av standarder som primært leder brukeren mot fri
3282 programvare. Et eksempel på dette er bruk av dokumentformatet ODF som
3283 leder brukeren i retning av OpenOffice, som er helt eller delvis
3284 utilgjengelig for svaksynte og blinde – noe avhengig av plattform og
3285 hjelpemiddelprogramvare.&lt;/p&gt;
3286
3287 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3288
3289 &lt;p&gt;Jeg håper noen involvert i OpenOffice.org og/eller LibreOffice tar
3290 kontakt med Norges Blindeforbund og oppklarer det som for meg virker å
3291 være en misforståelse, i og med at OpenOffice.org så vidt jeg vet
3292 fungerer fint også for blinde.&lt;/p&gt;
3293
3294 &lt;p&gt;Jeg ble minnet på problemstillingen da jeg leste Slashdot-saken om
3295 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://linux.slashdot.org/story/12/05/21/1417221/the-state-of-linux-accessibility&quot;&gt;The
3296 State of Linux Accessibility&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, som også hevder at Linux fungerer
3297 utmerket for blinde.&lt;/p&gt;
3298 </description>
3299 </item>
3300
3301 <item>
3302 <title>NUUGs leverer høringsuttalelse om v3.1 av statens referansekatalog</title>
3303 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUGs_leverer_h_ringsuttalelse_om_v3_1_av_statens_referansekatalog.html</link>
3304 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUGs_leverer_h_ringsuttalelse_om_v3_1_av_statens_referansekatalog.html</guid>
3305 <pubDate>Fri, 27 Apr 2012 15:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
3306 <description>&lt;p&gt;NUUG-styremedlem Hans-Petter Fjeld
3307 &lt;a href=&quot;https://plus.google.com/u/0/110394259537201279374/posts/AGzRmAuFdW1&quot;&gt;meldte
3308 nettopp&lt;/a&gt; at han har sendt inn &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;NUUG&lt;/a&gt;s
3309 høringsuttalelse angående Difi sin standardkatalog v3.1. Jeg er veldig
3310 glad for at så mange bidro og sikret at vår stemme blir hørt i denne
3311 høringen. Anbefaler alle å lese våre
3312 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/201204-standardkatalog-v3.1&quot;&gt;to
3313 sider med innspill&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
3314 </description>
3315 </item>
3316
3317 <item>
3318 <title>HTC One X - Your video? What do you mean?</title>
3319 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/HTC_One_X___Your_video___What_do_you_mean_.html</link>
3320 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/HTC_One_X___Your_video___What_do_you_mean_.html</guid>
3321 <pubDate>Thu, 26 Apr 2012 13:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
3322 <description>&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article243690.ece&quot;&gt;an
3323 article today&lt;/a&gt; published by Computerworld Norway, the photographer
3324 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urke.com/eirik/&quot;&gt;Eirik Helland Urke&lt;/a&gt; reports
3325 that the video editor application included with
3326 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.htc.com/www/smartphones/htc-one-x/#specs&quot;&gt;HTC One
3327 X&lt;/a&gt; have some quite surprising terms of use. The article is mostly
3328 based on the twitter message from mister Urke, stating:
3329
3330 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
3331 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://twitter.com/urke/status/194062269724897280&quot;&gt;Drøy
3332 brukeravtale: HTC kan bruke MINE redigerte videoer kommersielt. Selv
3333 kan jeg KUN bruke dem privat.&lt;/a&gt;&quot;
3334 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3335
3336 &lt;p&gt;I quickly translated it to this English message:&lt;/p&gt;
3337
3338 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
3339 &quot;Arrogant user agreement: HTC can use MY edited videos
3340 commercially. Although I can ONLY use them privately.&quot;
3341 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3342
3343 &lt;p&gt;I&#39;ve been unable to find the text of the license term myself, but
3344 suspect it is a variation of the MPEG-LA terms I
3345 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Terms_of_use_for_video_produced_by_a_Canon_IXUS_130_digital_camera.html&quot;&gt;discovered
3346 with my Canon IXUS 130&lt;/a&gt;. The HTC One X specification specifies that
3347 the recording format of the phone is .amr for audio and .mp3 for
3348 video. AMR is
3349 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_audio_codec#Licensing_and_patent_issues&quot;&gt;Adaptive
3350 Multi-Rate audio codec&lt;/a&gt; with patents which according to the
3351 Wikipedia article require an license agreement with
3352 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.voiceage.com/&quot;&gt;VoiceAge&lt;/a&gt;. MP4 is
3353 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.264/MPEG-4_AVC#Patent_licensing&quot;&gt;MPEG4 with
3354 H.264&lt;/a&gt;, which according to Wikipedia require a licence agreement
3355 with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/&quot;&gt;MPEG-LA&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
3356
3357 &lt;p&gt;I know why I prefer
3358 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;free and open
3359 standards&lt;/a&gt; also for video.&lt;/p&gt;
3360 </description>
3361 </item>
3362
3363 <item>
3364 <title>RAND terms - non-reasonable and discriminatory</title>
3365 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/RAND_terms___non_reasonable_and_discriminatory.html</link>
3366 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/RAND_terms___non_reasonable_and_discriminatory.html</guid>
3367 <pubDate>Thu, 19 Apr 2012 22:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
3368 <description>&lt;p&gt;Here in Norway, the
3369 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/fad.html?id=339&quot;&gt; Ministry of
3370 Government Administration, Reform and Church Affairs&lt;/a&gt; is behind
3371 a &lt;a href=&quot;http://standard.difi.no/forvaltningsstandarder&quot;&gt;directory of
3372 standards&lt;/a&gt; that are recommended or mandatory for use by the
3373 government. When the directory was created, the people behind it made
3374 an effort to ensure that everyone would be able to implement the
3375 standards and compete on equal terms to supply software and solutions
3376 to the government. Free software and non-free software could compete
3377 on the same level.&lt;/p&gt;
3378
3379 &lt;p&gt;But recently, some standards with RAND
3380 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasonable_and_non-discriminatory_licensing&quot;&gt;Reasonable
3381 And Non-Discriminatory&lt;/a&gt;) terms have made their way into the
3382 directory. And while this might not sound too bad, the fact is that
3383 standard specifications with RAND terms often block free software from
3384 implementing them. The reasonable part of RAND mean that the cost per
3385 user/unit is low,and the non-discriminatory part mean that everyone
3386 willing to pay will get a license. Both sound great in theory. In
3387 practice, to get such license one need to be able to count users, and
3388 be able to pay a small amount of money per unit or user. By
3389 definition, users of free software do not need to register their use.
3390 So counting users or units is not possible for free software projects.
3391 And given that people will use the software without handing any money
3392 to the author, it is not really economically possible for a free
3393 software author to pay a small amount of money to license the rights
3394 to implement a standard when the income available is zero. The result
3395 in these situations is that free software are locked out from
3396 implementing standards with RAND terms.&lt;/p&gt;
3397
3398 &lt;p&gt;Because of this, when I see someone claiming the terms of a
3399 standard is reasonable and non-discriminatory, all I can think of is
3400 how this really is non-reasonable and discriminatory. Because free
3401 software developers are working in a global market, it does not really
3402 help to know that software patents are not supposed to be enforceable
3403 in Norway. The patent regimes in other countries affect us even here.
3404 I really hope the people behind the standard directory will pay more
3405 attention to these issues in the future.&lt;/p&gt;
3406
3407 &lt;p&gt;You can find more on the issues with RAND, FRAND and RAND-Z terms
3408 from Simon Phipps
3409 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/simon-says/2010/11/rand-not-so-reasonable/&quot;&gt;RAND:
3410 Not So Reasonable?&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;
3411
3412 &lt;p&gt;Update 2012-04-21: Just came across a
3413 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/open-enterprise/2012/04/of-microsoft-netscape-patents-and-open-standards/index.htm&quot;&gt;blog
3414 post from Glyn Moody&lt;/a&gt; over at Computer World UK warning about the
3415 same issue, and urging people to speak out to the UK government. I
3416 can only urge Norwegian users to do the same for
3417 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/hoyring/hoyring-om-nye-anbefalte-it-standarder&quot;&gt;the
3418 hearing taking place at the moment&lt;/a&gt; (respond before 2012-04-27).
3419 It proposes to require video conferencing standards including
3420 specifications with RAND terms.&lt;/p&gt;
3421 </description>
3422 </item>
3423
3424 <item>
3425 <title>The video format most supported in web browsers?</title>
3426 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_video_format_most_supported_in_web_browsers_.html</link>
3427 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_video_format_most_supported_in_web_browsers_.html</guid>
3428 <pubDate>Sun, 16 Jan 2011 00:20:00 +0100</pubDate>
3429 <description>&lt;p&gt;The video format struggle on the web continues, and the three
3430 contenders seem to be Ogg Theora, H.264 and WebM. Most video sites
3431 seem to use H.264, while others use Ogg Theora. Interestingly enough,
3432 the comments I see give me the feeling that a lot of people believe
3433 H.264 is the most supported video format in browsers, but according to
3434 the Wikipedia article on
3435 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5_video&quot;&gt;HTML5 video&lt;/a&gt;,
3436 this is not true. Check out the nice table of supprted formats in
3437 different browsers there. The format supported by most browsers is
3438 Ogg Theora, supported by released versions of Mozilla Firefox, Google
3439 Chrome, Chromium, Opera, Konqueror, Epiphany, Origyn Web Browser and
3440 BOLT browser, while not supported by Internet Explorer nor Safari.
3441 The runner up is WebM supported by released versions of Google Chrome
3442 Chromium Opera and Origyn Web Browser, and test versions of Mozilla
3443 Firefox. H.264 is supported by released versions of Safari, Origyn
3444 Web Browser and BOLT browser, and the test version of Internet
3445 Explorer. Those wanting Ogg Theora support in Internet Explorer and
3446 Safari can install plugins to get it.&lt;/p&gt;
3447
3448 &lt;p&gt;To me, the simple conclusion from this is that to reach most users
3449 without any extra software installed, one uses Ogg Theora with the
3450 HTML5 video tag. Of course to reach all those without a browser
3451 handling HTML5, one need fallback mechanisms. In
3452 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;NUUG&lt;/a&gt;, we provide first fallback to a
3453 plugin capable of playing MPEG1 video, and those without such support
3454 we have a second fallback to the Cortado java applet playing Ogg
3455 Theora. This seem to work quite well, as can be seen in an &lt;a
3456 href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20110111-semantic-web/&quot;&gt;example
3457 from last week&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
3458
3459 &lt;p&gt;The reason Ogg Theora is the most supported format, and H.264 is
3460 the least supported is simple. Implementing and using H.264
3461 require royalty payment to MPEG-LA, and the terms of use from MPEG-LA
3462 are incompatible with free software licensing. If you believed H.264
3463 was without royalties and license terms, check out
3464 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://webmink.com/essays/h-264/&quot;&gt;H.264 – Not The Kind Of
3465 Free That Matters&lt;/a&gt;&quot; by Simon Phipps.&lt;/p&gt;
3466
3467 &lt;p&gt;A incomplete list of sites providing video in Ogg Theora is
3468 available from
3469 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.xiph.org/index.php/List_of_Theora_videos&quot;&gt;the
3470 Xiph.org wiki&lt;/a&gt;, if you want to have a look. I&#39;m not aware of a
3471 similar list for WebM nor H.264.&lt;/p&gt;
3472
3473 &lt;p&gt;Update 2011-01-16 09:40: A question from Tollef on IRC made me
3474 realise that I failed to make it clear enough this text is about the
3475 &amp;lt;video&amp;gt; tag support in browsers and not the video support
3476 provided by external plugins like the Flash plugins.&lt;/p&gt;
3477 </description>
3478 </item>
3479
3480 <item>
3481 <title>Chrome plan to drop H.264 support for HTML5 &amp;lt;video&amp;gt;</title>
3482 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Chrome_plan_to_drop_H_264_support_for_HTML5__lt_video_gt_.html</link>
3483 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Chrome_plan_to_drop_H_264_support_for_HTML5__lt_video_gt_.html</guid>
3484 <pubDate>Wed, 12 Jan 2011 22:10:00 +0100</pubDate>
3485 <description>&lt;p&gt;Today I discovered
3486 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digi.no/860070/google-dropper-h264-stotten-i-chrome&quot;&gt;via
3487 digi.no&lt;/a&gt; that the Chrome developers, in a surprising announcement,
3488 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.chromium.org/2011/01/html-video-codec-support-in-chrome.html&quot;&gt;yesterday
3489 announced&lt;/a&gt; plans to drop H.264 support for HTML5 &amp;lt;video&amp;gt; in
3490 the browser. The argument used is that H.264 is not a &quot;completely
3491 open&quot; codec technology. If you believe H.264 was free for everyone
3492 to use, I recommend having a look at the essay
3493 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://webmink.com/essays/h-264/&quot;&gt;H.264 – Not The Kind Of
3494 Free That Matters&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. It is not free of cost for creators of video
3495 tools, nor those of us that want to publish on the Internet, and the
3496 terms provided by MPEG-LA excludes free software projects from
3497 licensing the patents needed for H.264. Some background information
3498 on the Google announcement is available from
3499 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.osnews.com/story/24243/Google_To_Drop_H264_Support_from_Chrome&quot;&gt;OSnews&lt;/a&gt;.
3500 A good read. :)&lt;/p&gt;
3501
3502 &lt;p&gt;Personally, I believe it is great that Google is taking a stand to
3503 promote equal terms for everyone when it comes to video publishing on
3504 the Internet. This can only be done by publishing using free and open
3505 standards, which is only possible if the web browsers provide support
3506 for these free and open standards. At the moment there seem to be two
3507 camps in the web browser world when it come to video support. Some
3508 browsers support H.264, and others support
3509 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theora.org/&quot;&gt;Ogg Theora&lt;/a&gt; and
3510 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webmproject.org/&quot;&gt;WebM&lt;/a&gt;
3511 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diracvideo.org/&quot;&gt;Dirac&lt;/a&gt; is not really an option
3512 yet), forcing those of us that want to publish video on the Internet
3513 and which can not accept the terms of use presented by MPEG-LA for
3514 H.264 to not reach all potential viewers.
3515 Wikipedia keep &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5_video&quot;&gt;an
3516 updated summary&lt;/a&gt; of the current browser support.&lt;/p&gt;
3517
3518 &lt;p&gt;Not surprising, several people would prefer Google to keep
3519 promoting H.264, and John Gruber
3520 &lt;a href=&quot;http://daringfireball.net/2011/01/simple_questions&quot;&gt;presents
3521 the mind set&lt;/a&gt; of these people quite well. His rhetorical questions
3522 provoked a reply from Thom Holwerda with another set of questions
3523 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.osnews.com/story/24245/10_Questions_for_John_Gruber_Regarding_H_264_WebM&quot;&gt;presenting
3524 the issues with H.264&lt;/a&gt;. Both are worth a read.&lt;/p&gt;
3525
3526 &lt;p&gt;Some argue that if Google is dropping H.264 because it isn&#39;t free,
3527 they should also drop support for the Adobe Flash plugin. This
3528 argument was covered by Simon Phipps in
3529 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/simon-says/2011/01/google-and-h264---far-from-hypocritical/index.htm&quot;&gt;todays
3530 blog post&lt;/a&gt;, which I find to put the issue in context. To me it
3531 make perfect sense to drop native H.264 support for HTML5 in the
3532 browser while still allowing plugins.&lt;/p&gt;
3533
3534 &lt;p&gt;I suspect the reason this announcement make so many people protest,
3535 is that all the users and promoters of H.264 suddenly get an uneasy
3536 feeling that they might be backing the wrong horse. A lot of TV
3537 broadcasters have been moving to H.264 the last few years, and a lot
3538 of money has been invested in hardware based on the belief that they
3539 could use the same video format for both broadcasting and web
3540 publishing. Suddenly this belief is shaken.&lt;/p&gt;
3541
3542 &lt;p&gt;An interesting question is why Google is doing this. While the
3543 presented argument might be true enough, I believe Google would only
3544 present the argument if the change make sense from a business
3545 perspective. One reason might be that they are currently negotiating
3546 with MPEG-LA over royalties or usage terms, and giving MPEG-LA the
3547 feeling that dropping H.264 completely from Chroome, Youtube and
3548 Google Video would improve the negotiation position of Google.
3549 Another reason might be that Google want to save money by not having
3550 to pay the video tax to MPEG-LA at all, and thus want to move to a
3551 video format not requiring royalties at all. A third reason might be
3552 that the Chrome development team simply want to avoid the
3553 Chrome/Chromium split to get more help with the development of Chrome.
3554 I guess time will tell.&lt;/p&gt;
3555
3556 &lt;p&gt;Update 2011-01-15: The Google Chrome team provided
3557 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.chromium.org/2011/01/more-about-chrome-html-video-codec.html&quot;&gt;more
3558 background and information on the move&lt;/a&gt; it a blog post yesterday.&lt;/p&gt;
3559 </description>
3560 </item>
3561
3562 <item>
3563 <title>What standards are Free and Open as defined by Digistan?</title>
3564 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_standards_are_Free_and_Open_as_defined_by_Digistan_.html</link>
3565 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_standards_are_Free_and_Open_as_defined_by_Digistan_.html</guid>
3566 <pubDate>Thu, 30 Dec 2010 23:15:00 +0100</pubDate>
3567 <description>&lt;p&gt;After trying to
3568 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_Ogg_Theora_a_free_and_open_standard_.html&quot;&gt;compare
3569 Ogg Theora&lt;/a&gt; to
3570 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;the Digistan
3571 definition&lt;/a&gt; of a free and open standard, I concluded that this need
3572 to be done for more standards and started on a framework for doing
3573 this. As a start, I want to get the status for all the standards in
3574 the Norwegian reference directory, which include UTF-8, HTML, PDF, ODF,
3575 JPEG, PNG, SVG and others. But to be able to complete this in a
3576 reasonable time frame, I will need help.&lt;/p&gt;
3577
3578 &lt;p&gt;If you want to help out with this work, please visit
3579 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/grupper/standard/digistan-analyse&quot;&gt;the
3580 wiki pages I have set up for this&lt;/a&gt;, and let me know that you want
3581 to help out. The IRC channel #nuug on irc.freenode.net is a good
3582 place to coordinate this for now, as it is the IRC channel for the
3583 NUUG association where I have created the framework (I am the leader
3584 of the Norwegian Unix User Group).&lt;/p&gt;
3585
3586 &lt;p&gt;The framework is still forming, and a lot is left to do. Do not be
3587 scared by the sketchy form of the current pages. :)&lt;/p&gt;
3588 </description>
3589 </item>
3590
3591 <item>
3592 <title>The many definitions of a open standard</title>
3593 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_many_definitions_of_a_open_standard.html</link>
3594 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_many_definitions_of_a_open_standard.html</guid>
3595 <pubDate>Mon, 27 Dec 2010 14:45:00 +0100</pubDate>
3596 <description>&lt;p&gt;One of the reasons I like the Digistan definition of
3597 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;Free and
3598 Open Standard&lt;/a&gt;&quot; is that this is a new term, and thus the meaning of
3599 the term has been decided by Digistan. The term &quot;Open Standard&quot; has
3600 become so misunderstood that it is no longer very useful when talking
3601 about standards. One end up discussing which definition is the best
3602 one and with such frame the only one gaining are the proponents of
3603 de-facto standards and proprietary solutions.&lt;/p&gt;
3604
3605 &lt;p&gt;But to give us an idea about the diversity of definitions of open
3606 standards, here are a few that I know about. This list is not
3607 complete, but can be a starting point for those that want to do a
3608 complete survey. More definitions are available on the
3609 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_standard&quot;&gt;wikipedia
3610 page&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
3611
3612 &lt;p&gt;First off is my favourite, the definition from the European
3613 Interoperability Framework version 1.0. Really sad to notice that BSA
3614 and others has succeeded in getting it removed from version 2.0 of the
3615 framework by stacking the committee drafting the new version with
3616 their own people. Anyway, the definition is still available and it
3617 include the key properties needed to make sure everyone can use a
3618 specification on equal terms.&lt;/p&gt;
3619
3620 &lt;blockquote&gt;
3621
3622 &lt;p&gt;The following are the minimal characteristics that a specification
3623 and its attendant documents must have in order to be considered an
3624 open standard:&lt;/p&gt;
3625
3626 &lt;ul&gt;
3627
3628 &lt;li&gt;The standard is adopted and will be maintained by a not-for-profit
3629 organisation, and its ongoing development occurs on the basis of an
3630 open decision-making procedure available to all interested parties
3631 (consensus or majority decision etc.).&lt;/li&gt;
3632
3633 &lt;li&gt;The standard has been published and the standard specification
3634 document is available either freely or at a nominal charge. It must be
3635 permissible to all to copy, distribute and use it for no fee or at a
3636 nominal fee.&lt;/li&gt;
3637
3638 &lt;li&gt;The intellectual property - i.e. patents possibly present - of
3639 (parts of) the standard is made irrevocably available on a royalty-
3640 free basis.&lt;/li&gt;
3641
3642 &lt;li&gt;There are no constraints on the re-use of the standard.&lt;/li&gt;
3643
3644 &lt;/ul&gt;
3645 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
3646
3647 &lt;p&gt;Another one originates from my friends over at
3648 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dkuug.dk/&quot;&gt;DKUUG&lt;/a&gt;, who coined and gathered
3649 support for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aaben-standard.dk/&quot;&gt;this
3650 definition&lt;/a&gt; in 2004. It even made it into the Danish parlament as
3651 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ft.dk/dokumenter/tingdok.aspx?/samling/20051/beslutningsforslag/B103/som_fremsat.htm&quot;&gt;their
3652 definition of a open standard&lt;/a&gt;. Another from a different part of
3653 the Danish government is available from the wikipedia page.&lt;/p&gt;
3654
3655 &lt;blockquote&gt;
3656
3657 &lt;p&gt;En åben standard opfylder følgende krav:&lt;/p&gt;
3658
3659 &lt;ol&gt;
3660
3661 &lt;li&gt;Veldokumenteret med den fuldstændige specifikation offentligt
3662 tilgængelig.&lt;/li&gt;
3663
3664 &lt;li&gt;Frit implementerbar uden økonomiske, politiske eller juridiske
3665 begrænsninger på implementation og anvendelse.&lt;/li&gt;
3666
3667 &lt;li&gt;Standardiseret og vedligeholdt i et åbent forum (en såkaldt
3668 &quot;standardiseringsorganisation&quot;) via en åben proces.&lt;/li&gt;
3669
3670 &lt;/ol&gt;
3671
3672 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
3673
3674 &lt;p&gt;Then there is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fsfe.org/projects/os/def.html&quot;&gt;the
3675 definition&lt;/a&gt; from Free Software Foundation Europe.&lt;/p&gt;
3676
3677 &lt;blockquote&gt;
3678
3679 &lt;p&gt;An Open Standard refers to a format or protocol that is&lt;/p&gt;
3680
3681 &lt;ol&gt;
3682
3683 &lt;li&gt;subject to full public assessment and use without constraints in a
3684 manner equally available to all parties;&lt;/li&gt;
3685
3686 &lt;li&gt;without any components or extensions that have dependencies on
3687 formats or protocols that do not meet the definition of an Open
3688 Standard themselves;&lt;/li&gt;
3689
3690 &lt;li&gt;free from legal or technical clauses that limit its utilisation by
3691 any party or in any business model;&lt;/li&gt;
3692
3693 &lt;li&gt;managed and further developed independently of any single vendor
3694 in a process open to the equal participation of competitors and third
3695 parties;&lt;/li&gt;
3696
3697 &lt;li&gt;available in multiple complete implementations by competing
3698 vendors, or as a complete implementation equally available to all
3699 parties.&lt;/li&gt;
3700
3701 &lt;/ol&gt;
3702
3703 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
3704
3705 &lt;p&gt;A long time ago, SUN Microsystems, now bought by Oracle, created
3706 its
3707 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.sun.com/dennisding/resource/Open%20Standard%20Definition.pdf&quot;&gt;Open
3708 Standards Checklist&lt;/a&gt; with a fairly detailed description.&lt;/p&gt;
3709
3710 &lt;blockquote&gt;
3711 &lt;p&gt;Creation and Management of an Open Standard
3712
3713 &lt;ul&gt;
3714
3715 &lt;li&gt;Its development and management process must be collaborative and
3716 democratic:
3717
3718 &lt;ul&gt;
3719
3720 &lt;li&gt;Participation must be accessible to all those who wish to
3721 participate and can meet fair and reasonable criteria
3722 imposed by the organization under which it is developed
3723 and managed.&lt;/li&gt;
3724
3725 &lt;li&gt;The processes must be documented and, through a known
3726 method, can be changed through input from all
3727 participants.&lt;/li&gt;
3728
3729 &lt;li&gt;The process must be based on formal and binding commitments for
3730 the disclosure and licensing of intellectual property rights.&lt;/li&gt;
3731
3732 &lt;li&gt;Development and management should strive for consensus,
3733 and an appeals process must be clearly outlined.&lt;/li&gt;
3734
3735 &lt;li&gt;The standard specification must be open to extensive
3736 public review at least once in its life-cycle, with
3737 comments duly discussed and acted upon, if required.&lt;/li&gt;
3738
3739 &lt;/ul&gt;
3740
3741 &lt;/li&gt;
3742
3743 &lt;/ul&gt;
3744
3745 &lt;p&gt;Use and Licensing of an Open Standard&lt;/p&gt;
3746 &lt;ul&gt;
3747
3748 &lt;li&gt;The standard must describe an interface, not an implementation,
3749 and the industry must be capable of creating multiple, competing
3750 implementations to the interface described in the standard without
3751 undue or restrictive constraints. Interfaces include APIs,
3752 protocols, schemas, data formats and their encoding.&lt;/li&gt;
3753
3754 &lt;li&gt; The standard must not contain any proprietary &quot;hooks&quot; that create
3755 a technical or economic barriers&lt;/li&gt;
3756
3757 &lt;li&gt;Faithful implementations of the standard must
3758 interoperate. Interoperability means the ability of a computer
3759 program to communicate and exchange information with other computer
3760 programs and mutually to use the information which has been
3761 exchanged. This includes the ability to use, convert, or exchange
3762 file formats, protocols, schemas, interface information or
3763 conventions, so as to permit the computer program to work with other
3764 computer programs and users in all the ways in which they are
3765 intended to function.&lt;/li&gt;
3766
3767 &lt;li&gt;It must be permissible for anyone to copy, distribute and read the
3768 standard for a nominal fee, or even no fee. If there is a fee, it
3769 must be low enough to not preclude widespread use.&lt;/li&gt;
3770
3771 &lt;li&gt;It must be possible for anyone to obtain free (no royalties or
3772 fees; also known as &quot;royalty free&quot;), worldwide, non-exclusive and
3773 perpetual licenses to all essential patent claims to make, use and
3774 sell products based on the standard. The only exceptions are
3775 terminations per the reciprocity and defensive suspension terms
3776 outlined below. Essential patent claims include pending, unpublished
3777 patents, published patents, and patent applications. The license is
3778 only for the exact scope of the standard in question.
3779
3780 &lt;ul&gt;
3781
3782 &lt;li&gt; May be conditioned only on reciprocal licenses to any of
3783 licensees&#39; patent claims essential to practice that standard
3784 (also known as a reciprocity clause)&lt;/li&gt;
3785
3786 &lt;li&gt; May be terminated as to any licensee who sues the licensor
3787 or any other licensee for infringement of patent claims
3788 essential to practice that standard (also known as a
3789 &quot;defensive suspension&quot; clause)&lt;/li&gt;
3790
3791 &lt;li&gt; The same licensing terms are available to every potential
3792 licensor&lt;/li&gt;
3793
3794 &lt;/ul&gt;
3795 &lt;/li&gt;
3796
3797 &lt;li&gt;The licensing terms of an open standards must not preclude
3798 implementations of that standard under open source licensing terms
3799 or restricted licensing terms&lt;/li&gt;
3800
3801 &lt;/ul&gt;
3802
3803 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
3804
3805 &lt;p&gt;It is said that one of the nice things about standards is that
3806 there are so many of them. As you can see, the same holds true for
3807 open standard definitions. Most of the definitions have a lot in
3808 common, and it is not really controversial what properties a open
3809 standard should have, but the diversity of definitions have made it
3810 possible for those that want to avoid a level marked field and real
3811 competition to downplay the significance of open standards. I hope we
3812 can turn this tide by focusing on the advantages of Free and Open
3813 Standards.&lt;/p&gt;
3814 </description>
3815 </item>
3816
3817 <item>
3818 <title>Is Ogg Theora a free and open standard?</title>
3819 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_Ogg_Theora_a_free_and_open_standard_.html</link>
3820 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_Ogg_Theora_a_free_and_open_standard_.html</guid>
3821 <pubDate>Sat, 25 Dec 2010 20:25:00 +0100</pubDate>
3822 <description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;The
3823 Digistan definition&lt;/a&gt; of a free and open standard reads like this:&lt;/p&gt;
3824
3825 &lt;blockquote&gt;
3826
3827 &lt;p&gt;The Digital Standards Organization defines free and open standard
3828 as follows:&lt;/p&gt;
3829
3830 &lt;ol&gt;
3831
3832 &lt;li&gt;A free and open standard is immune to vendor capture at all stages
3833 in its life-cycle. Immunity from vendor capture makes it possible to
3834 freely use, improve upon, trust, and extend a standard over time.&lt;/li&gt;
3835
3836 &lt;li&gt;The standard is adopted and will be maintained by a not-for-profit
3837 organisation, and its ongoing development occurs on the basis of an
3838 open decision-making procedure available to all interested
3839 parties.&lt;/li&gt;
3840
3841 &lt;li&gt;The standard has been published and the standard specification
3842 document is available freely. It must be permissible to all to copy,
3843 distribute, and use it freely.&lt;/li&gt;
3844
3845 &lt;li&gt;The patents possibly present on (parts of) the standard are made
3846 irrevocably available on a royalty-free basis.&lt;/li&gt;
3847
3848 &lt;li&gt;There are no constraints on the re-use of the standard.&lt;/li&gt;
3849
3850 &lt;/ol&gt;
3851
3852 &lt;p&gt;The economic outcome of a free and open standard, which can be
3853 measured, is that it enables perfect competition between suppliers of
3854 products based on the standard.&lt;/p&gt;
3855 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
3856
3857 &lt;p&gt;For a while now I have tried to figure out of Ogg Theora is a free
3858 and open standard according to this definition. Here is a short
3859 writeup of what I have been able to gather so far. I brought up the
3860 topic on the Xiph advocacy mailing list
3861 &lt;a href=&quot;http://lists.xiph.org/pipermail/advocacy/2009-July/001632.html&quot;&gt;in
3862 July 2009&lt;/a&gt;, for those that want to see some background information.
3863 According to Ivo Emanuel Gonçalves and Monty Montgomery on that list
3864 the Ogg Theora specification fulfils the Digistan definition.&lt;/p&gt;
3865
3866 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Free from vendor capture?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3867
3868 &lt;p&gt;As far as I can see, there is no single vendor that can control the
3869 Ogg Theora specification. It can be argued that the
3870 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xiph.org/&quot;&gt;Xiph foundation&lt;/A&gt; is such vendor, but
3871 given that it is a non-profit foundation with the expressed goal
3872 making free and open protocols and standards available, it is not
3873 obvious that this is a real risk. One issue with the Xiph
3874 foundation is that its inner working (as in board member list, or who
3875 control the foundation) are not easily available on the web. I&#39;ve
3876 been unable to find out who is in the foundation board, and have not
3877 seen any accounting information documenting how money is handled nor
3878 where is is spent in the foundation. It is thus not obvious for an
3879 external observer who control The Xiph foundation, and for all I know
3880 it is possible for a single vendor to take control over the
3881 specification. But it seem unlikely.&lt;/p&gt;
3882
3883 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maintained by open not-for-profit organisation?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3884
3885 &lt;p&gt;Assuming that the Xiph foundation is the organisation its web pages
3886 claim it to be, this point is fulfilled. If Xiph foundation is
3887 controlled by a single vendor, it isn&#39;t, but I have not found any
3888 documentation indicating this.&lt;/p&gt;
3889
3890 &lt;p&gt;According to
3891 &lt;a href=&quot;http://media.hiof.no/diverse/fad/rapport_4.pdf&quot;&gt;a report&lt;/a&gt;
3892 prepared by Audun Vaaler og Børre Ludvigsen for the Norwegian
3893 government, the Xiph foundation is a non-commercial organisation and
3894 the development process is open, transparent and non-Discrimatory.
3895 Until proven otherwise, I believe it make most sense to believe the
3896 report is correct.&lt;/p&gt;
3897
3898 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Specification freely available?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3899
3900 &lt;p&gt;The specification for the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xiph.org/ogg/doc/&quot;&gt;Ogg
3901 container format&lt;/a&gt; and both the
3902 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xiph.org/vorbis/doc/&quot;&gt;Vorbis&lt;/a&gt; and
3903 &lt;a href=&quot;http://theora.org/doc/&quot;&gt;Theora&lt;/a&gt; codeces are available on
3904 the web. This are the terms in the Vorbis and Theora specification:
3905
3906 &lt;blockquote&gt;
3907
3908 Anyone may freely use and distribute the Ogg and [Vorbis/Theora]
3909 specifications, whether in private, public, or corporate
3910 capacity. However, the Xiph.Org Foundation and the Ogg project reserve
3911 the right to set the Ogg [Vorbis/Theora] specification and certify
3912 specification compliance.
3913
3914 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
3915
3916 &lt;p&gt;The Ogg container format is specified in IETF
3917 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xiph.org/ogg/doc/rfc3533.txt&quot;&gt;RFC 3533&lt;/a&gt;, and
3918 this is the term:&lt;p&gt;
3919
3920 &lt;blockquote&gt;
3921
3922 &lt;p&gt;This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
3923 others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
3924 or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published and
3925 distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind,
3926 provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
3927 included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
3928 document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
3929 the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
3930 Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of developing
3931 Internet standards in which case the procedures for copyrights defined
3932 in the Internet Standards process must be followed, or as required to
3933 translate it into languages other than English.&lt;/p&gt;
3934
3935 &lt;p&gt;The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
3936 revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.&lt;/p&gt;
3937 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
3938
3939 &lt;p&gt;All these terms seem to allow unlimited distribution and use, an
3940 this term seem to be fulfilled. There might be a problem with the
3941 missing permission to distribute modified versions of the text, and
3942 thus reuse it in other specifications. Not quite sure if that is a
3943 requirement for the Digistan definition.&lt;/p&gt;
3944
3945 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Royalty-free?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3946
3947 &lt;p&gt;There are no known patent claims requiring royalties for the Ogg
3948 Theora format.
3949 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.streamingmedia.com/Articles/ReadArticle.aspx?ArticleID=65782&quot;&gt;MPEG-LA&lt;/a&gt;
3950 and
3951 &lt;a href=&quot;http://yro.slashdot.org/story/10/04/30/237238/Steve-Jobs-Hints-At-Theora-Lawsuit&quot;&gt;Steve
3952 Jobs&lt;/a&gt; in Apple claim to know about some patent claims (submarine
3953 patents) against the Theora format, but no-one else seem to believe
3954 them. Both Opera Software and the Mozilla Foundation have looked into
3955 this and decided to implement Ogg Theora support in their browsers
3956 without paying any royalties. For now the claims from MPEG-LA and
3957 Steve Jobs seem more like FUD to scare people to use the H.264 codec
3958 than any real problem with Ogg Theora.&lt;/p&gt;
3959
3960 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No constraints on re-use?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3961
3962 &lt;p&gt;I am not aware of any constraints on re-use.&lt;/p&gt;
3963
3964 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3965
3966 &lt;p&gt;3 of 5 requirements seem obviously fulfilled, and the remaining 2
3967 depend on the governing structure of the Xiph foundation. Given the
3968 background report used by the Norwegian government, I believe it is
3969 safe to assume the last two requirements are fulfilled too, but it
3970 would be nice if the Xiph foundation web site made it easier to verify
3971 this.&lt;/p&gt;
3972
3973 &lt;p&gt;It would be nice to see other analysis of other specifications to
3974 see if they are free and open standards.&lt;/p&gt;
3975 </description>
3976 </item>
3977
3978 <item>
3979 <title>The reply from Edgar Villanueva to Microsoft in Peru</title>
3980 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_reply_from_Edgar_Villanueva_to_Microsoft_in_Peru.html</link>
3981 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_reply_from_Edgar_Villanueva_to_Microsoft_in_Peru.html</guid>
3982 <pubDate>Sat, 25 Dec 2010 10:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
3983 <description>&lt;p&gt;A few days ago
3984 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article189879.ece&quot;&gt;an
3985 article&lt;/a&gt; in the Norwegian Computerworld magazine about how version
3986 2.0 of
3987 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Interoperability_Framework&quot;&gt;European
3988 Interoperability Framework&lt;/a&gt; has been successfully lobbied by the
3989 proprietary software industry to remove the focus on free software.
3990 Nothing very surprising there, given
3991 &lt;a href=&quot;http://news.slashdot.org/story/10/03/29/2115235/Open-Source-Open-Standards-Under-Attack-In-Europe&quot;&gt;earlier
3992 reports&lt;/a&gt; on how Microsoft and others have stacked the committees in
3993 this work. But I find this very sad. The definition of
3994 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/dokumenter/standard-presse-def-200506.txt&quot;&gt;an
3995 open standard from version 1&lt;/a&gt; was very good, and something I
3996 believe should be used also in the future, alongside
3997 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;the
3998 definition from Digistan&lt;/A&gt;. Version 2 have removed the open
3999 standard definition from its content.&lt;/p&gt;
4000
4001 &lt;p&gt;Anyway, the news reminded me of the great reply sent by Dr. Edgar
4002 Villanueva, congressman in Peru at the time, to Microsoft as a reply
4003 to Microsofts attack on his proposal regarding the use of free software
4004 in the public sector in Peru. As the text was not available from a
4005 few of the URLs where it used to be available, I copy it here from
4006 &lt;a href=&quot;http://gnuwin.epfl.ch/articles/en/reponseperou/villanueva_to_ms.html&quot;&gt;my
4007 source&lt;/a&gt; to ensure it is available also in the future. Some
4008 background information about that story is available in
4009 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/6099&quot;&gt;an article&lt;/a&gt; from
4010 Linux Journal in 2002.&lt;/p&gt;
4011
4012 &lt;blockquote&gt;
4013 &lt;p&gt;Lima, 8th of April, 2002&lt;br&gt;
4014 To: Señor JUAN ALBERTO GONZÁLEZ&lt;br&gt;
4015 General Manager of Microsoft Perú&lt;/p&gt;
4016
4017 &lt;p&gt;Dear Sir:&lt;/p&gt;
4018
4019 &lt;p&gt;First of all, I thank you for your letter of March 25, 2002 in which you state the official position of Microsoft relative to Bill Number 1609, Free Software in Public Administration, which is indubitably inspired by the desire for Peru to find a suitable place in the global technological context. In the same spirit, and convinced that we will find the best solutions through an exchange of clear and open ideas, I will take this opportunity to reply to the commentaries included in your letter.&lt;/p&gt;
4020
4021 &lt;p&gt;While acknowledging that opinions such as yours constitute a significant contribution, it would have been even more worthwhile for me if, rather than formulating objections of a general nature (which we will analyze in detail later) you had gathered solid arguments for the advantages that proprietary software could bring to the Peruvian State, and to its citizens in general, since this would have allowed a more enlightening exchange in respect of each of our positions.&lt;/p&gt;
4022
4023 &lt;p&gt;With the aim of creating an orderly debate, we will assume that what you call &quot;open source software&quot; is what the Bill defines as &quot;free software&quot;, since there exists software for which the source code is distributed together with the program, but which does not fall within the definition established by the Bill; and that what you call &quot;commercial software&quot; is what the Bill defines as &quot;proprietary&quot; or &quot;unfree&quot;, given that there exists free software which is sold in the market for a price like any other good or service.&lt;/p&gt;
4024
4025 &lt;p&gt;It is also necessary to make it clear that the aim of the Bill we are discussing is not directly related to the amount of direct savings that can by made by using free software in state institutions. That is in any case a marginal aggregate value, but in no way is it the chief focus of the Bill. The basic principles which inspire the Bill are linked to the basic guarantees of a state of law, such as:&lt;/p&gt;
4026
4027 &lt;p&gt;
4028 &lt;ul&gt;
4029 &lt;li&gt;Free access to public information by the citizen. &lt;/li&gt;
4030 &lt;li&gt;Permanence of public data. &lt;/li&gt;
4031 &lt;li&gt;Security of the State and citizens.&lt;/li&gt;
4032 &lt;/ul&gt;
4033 &lt;/p&gt;
4034
4035 &lt;p&gt;To guarantee the free access of citizens to public information, it is indispensable that the encoding of data is not tied to a single provider. The use of standard and open formats gives a guarantee of this free access, if necessary through the creation of compatible free software.&lt;/p&gt;
4036
4037 &lt;p&gt;To guarantee the permanence of public data, it is necessary that the usability and maintenance of the software does not depend on the goodwill of the suppliers, or on the monopoly conditions imposed by them. For this reason the State needs systems the development of which can be guaranteed due to the availability of the source code.&lt;/p&gt;
4038
4039 &lt;p&gt;To guarantee national security or the security of the State, it is indispensable to be able to rely on systems without elements which allow control from a distance or the undesired transmission of information to third parties. Systems with source code freely accessible to the public are required to allow their inspection by the State itself, by the citizens, and by a large number of independent experts throughout the world. Our proposal brings further security, since the knowledge of the source code will eliminate the growing number of programs with *spy code*. &lt;/p&gt;
4040
4041 &lt;p&gt;In the same way, our proposal strengthens the security of the citizens, both in their role as legitimate owners of information managed by the state, and in their role as consumers. In this second case, by allowing the growth of a widespread availability of free software not containing *spy code* able to put at risk privacy and individual freedoms.&lt;/p&gt;
4042
4043 &lt;p&gt;In this sense, the Bill is limited to establishing the conditions under which the state bodies will obtain software in the future, that is, in a way compatible with these basic principles.&lt;/p&gt;
4044
4045
4046 &lt;p&gt;From reading the Bill it will be clear that once passed:&lt;br&gt;
4047 &lt;li&gt;the law does not forbid the production of proprietary software&lt;/li&gt;
4048 &lt;li&gt;the law does not forbid the sale of proprietary software&lt;/li&gt;
4049 &lt;li&gt;the law does not specify which concrete software to use&lt;/li&gt;
4050 &lt;li&gt;the law does not dictate the supplier from whom software will be bought&lt;/li&gt;
4051 &lt;li&gt;the law does not limit the terms under which a software product can be licensed.&lt;/li&gt;
4052
4053 &lt;/p&gt;
4054
4055 &lt;p&gt;What the Bill does express clearly, is that, for software to be acceptable for the state it is not enough that it is technically capable of fulfilling a task, but that further the contractual conditions must satisfy a series of requirements regarding the license, without which the State cannot guarantee the citizen adequate processing of his data, watching over its integrity, confidentiality, and accessibility throughout time, as these are very critical aspects for its normal functioning.&lt;/p&gt;
4056
4057 &lt;p&gt;We agree, Mr. Gonzalez, that information and communication technology have a significant impact on the quality of life of the citizens (whether it be positive or negative). We surely also agree that the basic values I have pointed out above are fundamental in a democratic state like Peru. So we are very interested to know of any other way of guaranteeing these principles, other than through the use of free software in the terms defined by the Bill.&lt;/p&gt;
4058
4059 &lt;p&gt;As for the observations you have made, we will now go on to analyze them in detail:&lt;/p&gt;
4060
4061 &lt;p&gt;Firstly, you point out that: &quot;1. The bill makes it compulsory for all public bodies to use only free software, that is to say open source software, which breaches the principles of equality before the law, that of non-discrimination and the right of free private enterprise, freedom of industry and of contract, protected by the constitution.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4062
4063 &lt;p&gt;This understanding is in error. The Bill in no way affects the rights you list; it limits itself entirely to establishing conditions for the use of software on the part of state institutions, without in any way meddling in private sector transactions. It is a well established principle that the State does not enjoy the wide spectrum of contractual freedom of the private sector, as it is limited in its actions precisely by the requirement for transparency of public acts; and in this sense, the preservation of the greater common interest must prevail when legislating on the matter.&lt;/p&gt;
4064
4065 &lt;p&gt;The Bill protects equality under the law, since no natural or legal person is excluded from the right of offering these goods to the State under the conditions defined in the Bill and without more limitations than those established by the Law of State Contracts and Purchasing (T.U.O. by Supreme Decree No. 012-2001-PCM).&lt;/p&gt;
4066
4067 &lt;p&gt;The Bill does not introduce any discrimination whatever, since it only establishes *how* the goods have to be provided (which is a state power) and not *who* has to provide them (which would effectively be discriminatory, if restrictions based on national origin, race religion, ideology, sexual preference etc. were imposed). On the contrary, the Bill is decidedly antidiscriminatory. This is so because by defining with no room for doubt the conditions for the provision of software, it prevents state bodies from using software which has a license including discriminatory conditions.&lt;/p&gt;
4068
4069 &lt;p&gt;It should be obvious from the preceding two paragraphs that the Bill does not harm free private enterprise, since the latter can always choose under what conditions it will produce software; some of these will be acceptable to the State, and others will not be since they contradict the guarantee of the basic principles listed above. This free initiative is of course compatible with the freedom of industry and freedom of contract (in the limited form in which the State can exercise the latter). Any private subject can produce software under the conditions which the State requires, or can refrain from doing so. Nobody is forced to adopt a model of production, but if they wish to provide software to the State, they must provide the mechanisms which guarantee the basic principles, and which are those described in the Bill.&lt;/p&gt;
4070
4071 &lt;p&gt;By way of an example: nothing in the text of the Bill would prevent your company offering the State bodies an office &quot;suite&quot;, under the conditions defined in the Bill and setting the price that you consider satisfactory. If you did not, it would not be due to restrictions imposed by the law, but to business decisions relative to the method of commercializing your products, decisions with which the State is not involved.&lt;/p&gt;
4072
4073 &lt;p&gt;To continue; you note that:&quot; 2. The bill, by making the use of open source software compulsory, would establish discriminatory and non competitive practices in the contracting and purchasing by public bodies...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4074
4075 &lt;p&gt;This statement is just a reiteration of the previous one, and so the response can be found above. However, let us concern ourselves for a moment with your comment regarding &quot;non-competitive ... practices.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4076
4077 &lt;p&gt;Of course, in defining any kind of purchase, the buyer sets conditions which relate to the proposed use of the good or service. From the start, this excludes certain manufacturers from the possibility of competing, but does not exclude them &quot;a priori&quot;, but rather based on a series of principles determined by the autonomous will of the purchaser, and so the process takes place in conformance with the law. And in the Bill it is established that *no one* is excluded from competing as far as he guarantees the fulfillment of the basic principles.&lt;/p&gt;
4078
4079 &lt;p&gt;Furthermore, the Bill *stimulates* competition, since it tends to generate a supply of software with better conditions of usability, and to better existing work, in a model of continuous improvement.&lt;/p&gt;
4080
4081 &lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the central aspect of competivity is the chance to provide better choices to the consumer. Now, it is impossible to ignore the fact that marketing does not play a neutral role when the product is offered on the market (since accepting the opposite would lead one to suppose that firms&#39; expenses in marketing lack any sense), and that therefore a significant expense under this heading can influence the decisions of the purchaser. This influence of marketing is in large measure reduced by the bill that we are backing, since the choice within the framework proposed is based on the *technical merits* of the product and not on the effort put into commercialization by the producer; in this sense, competitiveness is increased, since the smallest software producer can compete on equal terms with the most powerful corporations.&lt;/p&gt;
4082
4083 &lt;p&gt;It is necessary to stress that there is no position more anti-competitive than that of the big software producers, which frequently abuse their dominant position, since in innumerable cases they propose as a solution to problems raised by users: &quot;update your software to the new version&quot; (at the user&#39;s expense, naturally); furthermore, it is common to find arbitrary cessation of technical help for products, which, in the provider&#39;s judgment alone, are &quot;old&quot;; and so, to receive any kind of technical assistance, the user finds himself forced to migrate to new versions (with non-trivial costs, especially as changes in hardware platform are often involved). And as the whole infrastructure is based on proprietary data formats, the user stays &quot;trapped&quot; in the need to continue using products from the same supplier, or to make the huge effort to change to another environment (probably also proprietary).&lt;/p&gt;
4084
4085 &lt;p&gt;You add: &quot;3. So, by compelling the State to favor a business model based entirely on open source, the bill would only discourage the local and international manufacturing companies, which are the ones which really undertake important expenditures, create a significant number of direct and indirect jobs, as well as contributing to the GNP, as opposed to a model of open source software which tends to have an ever weaker economic impact, since it mainly creates jobs in the service sector.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4086
4087 &lt;p&gt;I do not agree with your statement. Partly because of what you yourself point out in paragraph 6 of your letter, regarding the relative weight of services in the context of software use. This contradiction alone would invalidate your position. The service model, adopted by a large number of companies in the software industry, is much larger in economic terms, and with a tendency to increase, than the licensing of programs.&lt;/p&gt;
4088
4089 &lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the private sector of the economy has the widest possible freedom to choose the economic model which best suits its interests, even if this freedom of choice is often obscured subliminally by the disproportionate expenditure on marketing by the producers of proprietary software.&lt;/p&gt;
4090
4091 &lt;p&gt;In addition, a reading of your opinion would lead to the conclusion that the State market is crucial and essential for the proprietary software industry, to such a point that the choice made by the State in this bill would completely eliminate the market for these firms. If that is true, we can deduce that the State must be subsidizing the proprietary software industry. In the unlikely event that this were true, the State would have the right to apply the subsidies in the area it considered of greatest social value; it is undeniable, in this improbable hypothesis, that if the State decided to subsidize software, it would have to do so choosing the free over the proprietary, considering its social effect and the rational use of taxpayers money.&lt;/p&gt;
4092
4093 &lt;p&gt;In respect of the jobs generated by proprietary software in countries like ours, these mainly concern technical tasks of little aggregate value; at the local level, the technicians who provide support for proprietary software produced by transnational companies do not have the possibility of fixing bugs, not necessarily for lack of technical capability or of talent, but because they do not have access to the source code to fix it. With free software one creates more technically qualified employment and a framework of free competence where success is only tied to the ability to offer good technical support and quality of service, one stimulates the market, and one increases the shared fund of knowledge, opening up alternatives to generate services of greater total value and a higher quality level, to the benefit of all involved: producers, service organizations, and consumers.&lt;/p&gt;
4094
4095 &lt;p&gt;It is a common phenomenon in developing countries that local software industries obtain the majority of their takings in the service sector, or in the creation of &quot;ad hoc&quot; software. Therefore, any negative impact that the application of the Bill might have in this sector will be more than compensated by a growth in demand for services (as long as these are carried out to high quality standards). If the transnational software companies decide not to compete under these new rules of the game, it is likely that they will undergo some decrease in takings in terms of payment for licenses; however, considering that these firms continue to allege that much of the software used by the State has been illegally copied, one can see that the impact will not be very serious. Certainly, in any case their fortune will be determined by market laws, changes in which cannot be avoided; many firms traditionally associated with proprietary software have already set out on the road (supported by copious expense) of providing services associated with free software, which shows that the models are not mutually exclusive.&lt;/p&gt;
4096
4097 &lt;p&gt;With this bill the State is deciding that it needs to preserve certain fundamental values. And it is deciding this based on its sovereign power, without affecting any of the constitutional guarantees. If these values could be guaranteed without having to choose a particular economic model, the effects of the law would be even more beneficial. In any case, it should be clear that the State does not choose an economic model; if it happens that there only exists one economic model capable of providing software which provides the basic guarantee of these principles, this is because of historical circumstances, not because of an arbitrary choice of a given model.&lt;/p&gt;
4098
4099 &lt;p&gt;Your letter continues: &quot;4. The bill imposes the use of open source software without considering the dangers that this can bring from the point of view of security, guarantee, and possible violation of the intellectual property rights of third parties.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4100
4101 &lt;p&gt;Alluding in an abstract way to &quot;the dangers this can bring&quot;, without specifically mentioning a single one of these supposed dangers, shows at the least some lack of knowledge of the topic. So, allow me to enlighten you on these points.&lt;/p&gt;
4102
4103 &lt;p&gt;On security:&lt;/p&gt;
4104
4105 &lt;p&gt;National security has already been mentioned in general terms in the initial discussion of the basic principles of the bill. In more specific terms, relative to the security of the software itself, it is well known that all software (whether proprietary or free) contains errors or &quot;bugs&quot; (in programmers&#39; slang). But it is also well known that the bugs in free software are fewer, and are fixed much more quickly, than in proprietary software. It is not in vain that numerous public bodies responsible for the IT security of state systems in developed countries require the use of free software for the same conditions of security and efficiency.&lt;/p&gt;
4106
4107 &lt;p&gt;What is impossible to prove is that proprietary software is more secure than free, without the public and open inspection of the scientific community and users in general. This demonstration is impossible because the model of proprietary software itself prevents this analysis, so that any guarantee of security is based only on promises of good intentions (biased, by any reckoning) made by the producer itself, or its contractors.&lt;/p&gt;
4108
4109 &lt;p&gt;It should be remembered that in many cases, the licensing conditions include Non-Disclosure clauses which prevent the user from publicly revealing security flaws found in the licensed proprietary product.&lt;/p&gt;
4110
4111 &lt;p&gt;In respect of the guarantee:&lt;/p&gt;
4112
4113 &lt;p&gt;As you know perfectly well, or could find out by reading the &quot;End User License Agreement&quot; of the products you license, in the great majority of cases the guarantees are limited to replacement of the storage medium in case of defects, but in no case is compensation given for direct or indirect damages, loss of profits, etc... If as a result of a security bug in one of your products, not fixed in time by yourselves, an attacker managed to compromise crucial State systems, what guarantees, reparations and compensation would your company make in accordance with your licensing conditions? The guarantees of proprietary software, inasmuch as programs are delivered ``AS IS&#39;&#39;, that is, in the state in which they are, with no additional responsibility of the provider in respect of function, in no way differ from those normal with free software.&lt;/p&gt;
4114
4115 &lt;p&gt;On Intellectual Property:&lt;/p&gt;
4116
4117 &lt;p&gt;Questions of intellectual property fall outside the scope of this bill, since they are covered by specific other laws. The model of free software in no way implies ignorance of these laws, and in fact the great majority of free software is covered by copyright. In reality, the inclusion of this question in your observations shows your confusion in respect of the legal framework in which free software is developed. The inclusion of the intellectual property of others in works claimed as one&#39;s own is not a practice that has been noted in the free software community; whereas, unfortunately, it has been in the area of proprietary software. As an example, the condemnation by the Commercial Court of Nanterre, France, on 27th September 2001 of Microsoft Corp. to a penalty of 3 million francs in damages and interest, for violation of intellectual property (piracy, to use the unfortunate term that your firm commonly uses in its publicity).&lt;/p&gt;
4118
4119 &lt;p&gt;You go on to say that: &quot;The bill uses the concept of open source software incorrectly, since it does not necessarily imply that the software is free or of zero cost, and so arrives at mistaken conclusions regarding State savings, with no cost-benefit analysis to validate its position.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4120
4121 &lt;p&gt;This observation is wrong; in principle, freedom and lack of cost are orthogonal concepts: there is software which is proprietary and charged for (for example, MS Office), software which is proprietary and free of charge (MS Internet Explorer), software which is free and charged for (Red Hat, SuSE etc GNU/Linux distributions), software which is free and not charged for (Apache, Open Office, Mozilla), and even software which can be licensed in a range of combinations (MySQL).&lt;/p&gt;
4122
4123 &lt;p&gt;Certainly free software is not necessarily free of charge. And the text of the bill does not state that it has to be so, as you will have noted after reading it. The definitions included in the Bill state clearly *what* should be considered free software, at no point referring to freedom from charges. Although the possibility of savings in payments for proprietary software licenses are mentioned, the foundations of the bill clearly refer to the fundamental guarantees to be preserved and to the stimulus to local technological development. Given that a democratic State must support these principles, it has no other choice than to use software with publicly available source code, and to exchange information only in standard formats.&lt;/p&gt;
4124
4125 &lt;p&gt;If the State does not use software with these characteristics, it will be weakening basic republican principles. Luckily, free software also implies lower total costs; however, even given the hypothesis (easily disproved) that it was more expensive than proprietary software, the simple existence of an effective free software tool for a particular IT function would oblige the State to use it; not by command of this Bill, but because of the basic principles we enumerated at the start, and which arise from the very essence of the lawful democratic State.&lt;/p&gt;
4126
4127 &lt;p&gt;You continue: &quot;6. It is wrong to think that Open Source Software is free of charge. Research by the Gartner Group (an important investigator of the technological market recognized at world level) has shown that the cost of purchase of software (operating system and applications) is only 8% of the total cost which firms and institutions take on for a rational and truly beneficial use of the technology. The other 92% consists of: installation costs, enabling, support, maintenance, administration, and down-time.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4128
4129 &lt;p&gt;This argument repeats that already given in paragraph 5 and partly contradicts paragraph 3. For the sake of brevity we refer to the comments on those paragraphs. However, allow me to point out that your conclusion is logically false: even if according to Gartner Group the cost of software is on average only 8% of the total cost of use, this does not in any way deny the existence of software which is free of charge, that is, with a licensing cost of zero.&lt;/p&gt;
4130
4131 &lt;p&gt;In addition, in this paragraph you correctly point out that the service components and losses due to down-time make up the largest part of the total cost of software use, which, as you will note, contradicts your statement regarding the small value of services suggested in paragraph 3. Now the use of free software contributes significantly to reduce the remaining life-cycle costs. This reduction in the costs of installation, support etc. can be noted in several areas: in the first place, the competitive service model of free software, support and maintenance for which can be freely contracted out to a range of suppliers competing on the grounds of quality and low cost. This is true for installation, enabling, and support, and in large part for maintenance. In the second place, due to the reproductive characteristics of the model, maintenance carried out for an application is easily replicable, without incurring large costs (that is, without paying more than once for the same thing) since modifications, if one wishes, can be incorporated in the common fund of knowledge. Thirdly, the huge costs caused by non-functioning software (&quot;blue screens of death&quot;, malicious code such as virus, worms, and trojans, exceptions, general protection faults and other well-known problems) are reduced considerably by using more stable software; and it is well known that one of the most notable virtues of free software is its stability.&lt;/p&gt;
4132
4133 &lt;p&gt;You further state that: &quot;7. One of the arguments behind the bill is the supposed freedom from costs of open-source software, compared with the costs of commercial software, without taking into account the fact that there exist types of volume licensing which can be highly advantageous for the State, as has happened in other countries.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4134
4135 &lt;p&gt;I have already pointed out that what is in question is not the cost of the software but the principles of freedom of information, accessibility, and security. These arguments have been covered extensively in the preceding paragraphs to which I would refer you.&lt;/p&gt;
4136
4137 &lt;p&gt;On the other hand, there certainly exist types of volume licensing (although unfortunately proprietary software does not satisfy the basic principles). But as you correctly pointed out in the immediately preceding paragraph of your letter, they only manage to reduce the impact of a component which makes up no more than 8% of the total.&lt;/p&gt;
4138
4139 &lt;p&gt;You continue: &quot;8. In addition, the alternative adopted by the bill (I) is clearly more expensive, due to the high costs of software migration, and (II) puts at risk compatibility and interoperability of the IT platforms within the State, and between the State and the private sector, given the hundreds of versions of open source software on the market.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4140
4141 &lt;p&gt;Let us analyze your statement in two parts. Your first argument, that migration implies high costs, is in reality an argument in favor of the Bill. Because the more time goes by, the more difficult migration to another technology will become; and at the same time, the security risks associated with proprietary software will continue to increase. In this way, the use of proprietary systems and formats will make the State ever more dependent on specific suppliers. Once a policy of using free software has been established (which certainly, does imply some cost) then on the contrary migration from one system to another becomes very simple, since all data is stored in open formats. On the other hand, migration to an open software context implies no more costs than migration between two different proprietary software contexts, which invalidates your argument completely.&lt;/p&gt;
4142
4143 &lt;p&gt;The second argument refers to &quot;problems in interoperability of the IT platforms within the State, and between the State and the private sector&quot; This statement implies a certain lack of knowledge of the way in which free software is built, which does not maximize the dependence of the user on a particular platform, as normally happens in the realm of proprietary software. Even when there are multiple free software distributions, and numerous programs which can be used for the same function, interoperability is guaranteed as much by the use of standard formats, as required by the bill, as by the possibility of creating interoperable software given the availability of the source code.&lt;/p&gt;
4144
4145 &lt;p&gt;You then say that: &quot;9. The majority of open source code does not offer adequate levels of service nor the guarantee from recognized manufacturers of high productivity on the part of the users, which has led various public organizations to retract their decision to go with an open source software solution and to use commercial software in its place.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4146
4147 &lt;p&gt;This observation is without foundation. In respect of the guarantee, your argument was rebutted in the response to paragraph 4. In respect of support services, it is possible to use free software without them (just as also happens with proprietary software), but anyone who does need them can obtain support separately, whether from local firms or from international corporations, again just as in the case of proprietary software.&lt;/p&gt;
4148
4149 &lt;p&gt;On the other hand, it would contribute greatly to our analysis if you could inform us about free software projects *established* in public bodies which have already been abandoned in favor of proprietary software. We know of a good number of cases where the opposite has taken place, but not know of any where what you describe has taken place.&lt;/p&gt;
4150
4151 &lt;p&gt;You continue by observing that: &quot;10. The bill discourages the creativity of the Peruvian software industry, which invoices 40 million US$/year, exports 4 million US$ (10th in ranking among non-traditional exports, more than handicrafts) and is a source of highly qualified employment. With a law that encourages the use of open source, software programmers lose their intellectual property rights and their main source of payment.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4152
4153 &lt;p&gt;It is clear enough that nobody is forced to commercialize their code as free software. The only thing to take into account is that if it is not free software, it cannot be sold to the public sector. This is not in any case the main market for the national software industry. We covered some questions referring to the influence of the Bill on the generation of employment which would be both highly technically qualified and in better conditions for competition above, so it seems unnecessary to insist on this point.&lt;/p&gt;
4154
4155 &lt;p&gt;What follows in your statement is incorrect. On the one hand, no author of free software loses his intellectual property rights, unless he expressly wishes to place his work in the public domain. The free software movement has always been very respectful of intellectual property, and has generated widespread public recognition of its authors. Names like those of Richard Stallman, Linus Torvalds, Guido van Rossum, Larry Wall, Miguel de Icaza, Andrew Tridgell, Theo de Raadt, Andrea Arcangeli, Bruce Perens, Darren Reed, Alan Cox, Eric Raymond, and many others, are recognized world-wide for their contributions to the development of software that is used today by millions of people throughout the world. On the other hand, to say that the rewards for authors rights make up the main source of payment of Peruvian programmers is in any case a guess, in particular since there is no proof to this effect, nor a demonstration of how the use of free software by the State would influence these payments.&lt;/p&gt;
4156
4157 &lt;p&gt;You go on to say that: &quot;11. Open source software, since it can be distributed without charge, does not allow the generation of income for its developers through exports. In this way, the multiplier effect of the sale of software to other countries is weakened, and so in turn is the growth of the industry, while Government rules ought on the contrary to stimulate local industry.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4158
4159 &lt;p&gt;This statement shows once again complete ignorance of the mechanisms of and market for free software. It tries to claim that the market of sale of non- exclusive rights for use (sale of licenses) is the only possible one for the software industry, when you yourself pointed out several paragraphs above that it is not even the most important one. The incentives that the bill offers for the growth of a supply of better qualified professionals, together with the increase in experience that working on a large scale with free software within the State will bring for Peruvian technicians, will place them in a highly competitive position to offer their services abroad.&lt;/p&gt;
4160
4161 &lt;p&gt;You then state that: &quot;12. In the Forum, the use of open source software in education was discussed, without mentioning the complete collapse of this initiative in a country like Mexico, where precisely the State employees who founded the project now state that open source software did not make it possible to offer a learning experience to pupils in the schools, did not take into account the capability at a national level to give adequate support to the platform, and that the software did not and does not allow for the levels of platform integration that now exist in schools.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4162
4163 &lt;p&gt;In fact Mexico has gone into reverse with the Red Escolar (Schools Network) project. This is due precisely to the fact that the driving forces behind the Mexican project used license costs as their main argument, instead of the other reasons specified in our project, which are far more essential. Because of this conceptual mistake, and as a result of the lack of effective support from the SEP (Secretary of State for Public Education), the assumption was made that to implant free software in schools it would be enough to drop their software budget and send them a CD ROM with Gnu/Linux instead. Of course this failed, and it couldn&#39;t have been otherwise, just as school laboratories fail when they use proprietary software and have no budget for implementation and maintenance. That&#39;s exactly why our bill is not limited to making the use of free software mandatory, but recognizes the need to create a viable migration plan, in which the State undertakes the technical transition in an orderly way in order to then enjoy the advantages of free software.&lt;/p&gt;
4164
4165 &lt;p&gt;You end with a rhetorical question: &quot;13. If open source software satisfies all the requirements of State bodies, why do you need a law to adopt it? Shouldn&#39;t it be the market which decides freely which products give most benefits or value?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4166
4167 &lt;p&gt;We agree that in the private sector of the economy, it must be the market that decides which products to use, and no state interference is permissible there. However, in the case of the public sector, the reasoning is not the same: as we have already established, the state archives, handles, and transmits information which does not belong to it, but which is entrusted to it by citizens, who have no alternative under the rule of law. As a counterpart to this legal requirement, the State must take extreme measures to safeguard the integrity, confidentiality, and accessibility of this information. The use of proprietary software raises serious doubts as to whether these requirements can be fulfilled, lacks conclusive evidence in this respect, and so is not suitable for use in the public sector.&lt;/p&gt;
4168
4169 &lt;p&gt;The need for a law is based, firstly, on the realization of the fundamental principles listed above in the specific area of software; secondly, on the fact that the State is not an ideal homogeneous entity, but made up of multiple bodies with varying degrees of autonomy in decision making. Given that it is inappropriate to use proprietary software, the fact of establishing these rules in law will prevent the personal discretion of any state employee from putting at risk the information which belongs to citizens. And above all, because it constitutes an up-to-date reaffirmation in relation to the means of management and communication of information used today, it is based on the republican principle of openness to the public.&lt;/p&gt;
4170
4171 &lt;p&gt;In conformance with this universally accepted principle, the citizen has the right to know all information held by the State and not covered by well- founded declarations of secrecy based on law. Now, software deals with information and is itself information. Information in a special form, capable of being interpreted by a machine in order to execute actions, but crucial information all the same because the citizen has a legitimate right to know, for example, how his vote is computed or his taxes calculated. And for that he must have free access to the source code and be able to prove to his satisfaction the programs used for electoral computations or calculation of his taxes.&lt;/p&gt;
4172
4173 &lt;p&gt;I wish you the greatest respect, and would like to repeat that my office will always be open for you to expound your point of view to whatever level of detail you consider suitable.&lt;/p&gt;
4174
4175 &lt;p&gt;Cordially,&lt;br&gt;
4176 DR. EDGAR DAVID VILLANUEVA NUÑEZ&lt;br&gt;
4177 Congressman of the Republic of Perú.&lt;/p&gt;
4178 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
4179 </description>
4180 </item>
4181
4182 <item>
4183 <title>Officeshots still going strong</title>
4184 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Officeshots_still_going_strong.html</link>
4185 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Officeshots_still_going_strong.html</guid>
4186 <pubDate>Sat, 25 Dec 2010 09:40:00 +0100</pubDate>
4187 <description>&lt;p&gt;Half a year ago I
4188 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Officeshots_taking_shape.html&quot;&gt;wrote
4189 a bit&lt;/a&gt; about &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.officeshots.org/&quot;&gt;OfficeShots&lt;/a&gt;,
4190 a web service to allow anyone to test how ODF documents are handled by
4191 the different programs reading and writing the ODF format.&lt;/p&gt;
4192
4193 &lt;p&gt;I just had a look at the service, and it seem to be going strong.
4194 Very interesting to see the results reported in the gallery, how
4195 different Office implementations handle different ODF features. Sad
4196 to see that KOffice was not doing it very well, and happy to see that
4197 LibreOffice has been tested already (but sadly not listed as a option
4198 for OfficeShots users yet). I am glad to see that the ODF community
4199 got such a great test tool available.&lt;/p&gt;
4200 </description>
4201 </item>
4202
4203 <item>
4204 <title>Best å ikke fortelle noen at streaming er nedlasting...</title>
4205 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Best___ikke_fortelle_noen_at_streaming_er_nedlasting___.html</link>
4206 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Best___ikke_fortelle_noen_at_streaming_er_nedlasting___.html</guid>
4207 <pubDate>Sat, 30 Oct 2010 11:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
4208 <description>&lt;p&gt;I dag la jeg inn en kommentar på en sak hos NRKBeta
4209 &lt;a href=&quot;http://nrkbeta.no/2010/10/27/bakom-blindpassasjer-del-1/&quot;&gt;om
4210 hvordan TV-serien Blindpassasjer ble laget&lt;/a&gt; i forbindelse med at
4211 filmene NRK la ut ikke var tilgjengelig i et
4212 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;fritt og
4213 åpent format&lt;/a&gt;. Dette var det jeg skrev publiserte der 07:39.&lt;/p&gt;
4214
4215 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
4216 &lt;p&gt;&quot;Vi fikk en kommentar rundt måten streamet innhold er beskyttet fra
4217 nedlasting. Mange av oss som kan mer enn gjennomsnittet om systemer
4218 som dette, vet at det stort sett er mulig å lure ut ting med den
4219 nødvendige forkunnskapen.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
4220
4221 &lt;p&gt;Haha. Å streame innhold er det samme som å laste ned innhold, så å
4222 beskytte en stream mot nedlasting er ikke mulig. Å skrive noe slikt
4223 er å forlede leseren.&lt;/p&gt;
4224
4225 &lt;p&gt;Med den bakgrunn blir forklaringen om at noen rettighetshavere kun
4226 vil tillate streaming men ikke nedlasting meningsløs.&lt;/p&gt;
4227
4228 &lt;p&gt;Anbefaler forresten å lese
4229 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/simon-says/2010/10/drm-is-toxic-to-culture/index.htm&quot;&gt;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/simon-says/2010/10/drm-is-toxic-to-culture/index.htm&lt;/a&gt;
4230 om hva som ville være konsekvensen hvis digitale avspillingssperrer
4231 (DRM) fungerte. Det gjør de naturligvis ikke teknisk - det er jo
4232 derfor de må ha totalitære juridiske beskyttelsesmekanismer på plass,
4233 men det er skremmende hva samfunnet tillater og NRK er med på å bygge
4234 opp under.&lt;/p&gt;
4235 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
4236
4237 &lt;p&gt;Ca. 20 minutter senere får jeg følgende epost fra Anders Hofseth i
4238 NRKBeta:&lt;/p&gt;
4239
4240 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
4241 &lt;p&gt;From: Anders Hofseth &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;
4242 &lt;br&gt;To: &quot;pere@hungry.com&quot; &amp;lt;pere@hungry.com&gt;
4243 &lt;br&gt;Cc: Eirik Solheim &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;, Jon Ståle Carlsen &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;, Henrik Lied &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;
4244 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Re: [NRKbeta] Kommentar: &quot;Bakom Blindpassasjer: del 1&quot;
4245 &lt;br&gt;Date: Sat, 30 Oct 2010 07:58:44 +0200&lt;/p&gt;
4246
4247 &lt;p&gt;Hei Petter.
4248 &lt;br&gt;Det du forsøker dra igang er egentlig en interessant diskusjon,
4249 men om vi skal kjøre den i kommentarfeltet her, vil vi kunne bli bedt
4250 om å fjerne blindpassasjer fra nett- tv og det vil heller ikke bli
4251 særlig lett å klarere ut noe annet arkivmateriale på lang tid.&lt;/p&gt;
4252
4253 &lt;p&gt;Dette er en situasjon NRKbeta ikke ønsker, så kommentaren er
4254 fjernet og den delen av diskusjonen er avsluttet på nrkbeta, vi antar
4255 konsekvensene vi beskriver ikke er noe du ønsker heller...&lt;/p&gt;
4256
4257 &lt;p&gt;Med hilsen,
4258 &lt;br&gt;-anders&lt;/p&gt;
4259
4260 &lt;p&gt;Ring meg om noe er uklart: 95XXXXXXX&lt;/p&gt;
4261 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
4262
4263 &lt;p&gt;Ble så fascinert over denne holdningen, at jeg forfattet og sendte
4264 over følgende svar. I og med at debatten er fjernet fra NRK Betas
4265 kommentarfelt, så velger jeg å publisere her på bloggen min i stedet.
4266 Har fjernet epostadresser og telefonnummer til de involverte, for å
4267 unngå at de tiltrekker seg uønskede direkte kontaktforsøk.&lt;/p&gt;
4268
4269 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
4270 &lt;p&gt;From: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere@hungry.com&gt;
4271 &lt;br&gt;To: Anders Hofseth &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;
4272 &lt;br&gt;Cc: Eirik Solheim &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;,
4273 &lt;br&gt; Jon Ståle Carlsen &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;,
4274 &lt;br&gt; Henrik Lied &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;
4275 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Re: [NRKbeta] Kommentar: &quot;Bakom Blindpassasjer: del 1&quot;
4276 &lt;br&gt;Date: Sat, 30 Oct 2010 08:24:34 +0200&lt;/p&gt;
4277
4278 &lt;p&gt;[Anders Hofseth]
4279 &lt;br&gt;&gt; Hei Petter.&lt;/p&gt;
4280
4281 &lt;p&gt;Hei.&lt;/p&gt;
4282
4283 &lt;p&gt;&gt; Det du forsøker dra igang er egentlig en interessant diskusjon, men
4284 &lt;br&gt;&gt; om vi skal kjøre den i kommentarfeltet her, vil vi kunne bli bedt om
4285 &lt;br&gt;&gt; å fjerne blindpassasjer fra nett- tv og det vil heller ikke bli
4286 &lt;br&gt;&gt; særlig lett å klarere ut noe annet arkivmateriale på lang tid.&lt;/p&gt;
4287
4288 &lt;p&gt;Godt å se at du er enig i at dette er en interessant diskusjon. Den
4289 vil nok fortsette en stund til. :)&lt;/p&gt;
4290
4291 &lt;p&gt;Må innrømme at jeg synes det er merkelig å lese at dere i NRK med
4292 vitende og vilje ønsker å forlede rettighetshaverne for å kunne
4293 fortsette å legge ut arkivmateriale.&lt;/p&gt;
4294
4295 &lt;p&gt;Kommentarer og diskusjoner i bloggene til NRK Beta påvirker jo ikke
4296 faktum, som er at streaming er det samme som nedlasting, og at innhold
4297 som er lagt ut på nett kan lagres lokalt for avspilling når en ønsker
4298 det.&lt;/p&gt;
4299
4300 &lt;p&gt;Det du sier er jo at klarering av arkivmateriale for publisering på
4301 web krever at en holder faktum skjult fra debattfeltet på NRKBeta.
4302 Det er ikke et argument som holder vann. :)&lt;/p&gt;
4303
4304 &lt;p&gt;&gt; Dette er en situasjon NRKbeta ikke ønsker, så kommentaren er fjernet
4305 &lt;br&gt;&gt; og den delen av diskusjonen er avsluttet på nrkbeta, vi antar
4306 &lt;br&gt;&gt; konsekvensene vi beskriver ikke er noe du ønsker heller...&lt;/p&gt;
4307
4308 &lt;p&gt;Personlig ønsker jeg at NRK skal slutte å stikke hodet i sanden og
4309 heller være åpne på hvordan virkeligheten fungerer, samt ta opp kampen
4310 mot de som vil låse kulturen inne. Jeg synes det er en skam at NRK
4311 godtar å forlede publikum. Ville heller at NRK krever at innhold som
4312 skal sendes skal være uten bruksbegresninger og kan publiseres i
4313 formater som heller ikke har bruksbegresninger (bruksbegresningene til
4314 H.264 burde få varselbjellene i NRK til å ringe).&lt;/p&gt;
4315
4316 &lt;p&gt;At NRK er med på DRM-tåkeleggingen og at det kommer feilaktive
4317 påstander om at &quot;streaming beskytter mot nedlasting&quot; som bare er egnet
4318 til å bygge opp om en myte som er skadelig for samfunnet som helhet.&lt;/p&gt;
4319
4320 &lt;p&gt;Anbefaler &amp;lt;URL:&lt;a href=&quot;http://webmink.com/2010/09/03/h-264-and-foss/&quot;&gt;http://webmink.com/2010/09/03/h-264-and-foss/&lt;/a&gt;&gt; og en
4321 titt på
4322 &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Terms_of_use_for_video_produced_by_a_Canon_IXUS_130_digital_camera.html&quot;&gt;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Terms_of_use_for_video_produced_by_a_Canon_IXUS_130_digital_camera.html&lt;/a&gt; &gt;.
4323 for å se hva slags bruksbegresninger H.264 innebærer.&lt;/p&gt;
4324
4325 &lt;p&gt;Hvis dette innebærer at NRK må være åpne med at arkivmaterialet ikke
4326 kan brukes før rettighetshaverene også innser at de er med på å skade
4327 samfunnets kultur og kollektive hukommelse, så får en i hvert fall
4328 synliggjort konsekvensene og antagelig mer flammer på en debatt som er
4329 langt på overtid.&lt;/p&gt;
4330
4331 &lt;p&gt;&gt; Ring meg om noe er uklart: XXX&lt;/p&gt;
4332
4333 &lt;p&gt;Intet uklart, men ikke imponert over måten dere håndterer debatten på.
4334 Hadde du i stedet kommet med et tilsvar i kommentarfeltet der en
4335 gjorde det klart at blindpassasjer-blogpostingen ikke var riktig sted
4336 for videre diskusjon hadde dere i mine øyne kommet fra det med
4337 ryggraden på plass.&lt;/p&gt;
4338
4339 &lt;p&gt;PS: Interessant å se at NRK-ansatte ikke bruker NRK-epostadresser.&lt;/p&gt;
4340
4341 &lt;p&gt;Som en liten avslutning, her er noen litt morsomme innslag om temaet.
4342 &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.archive.org/details/CopyingIsNotTheft&quot;&gt;http://www.archive.org/details/CopyingIsNotTheft&lt;/a&gt; &gt; og
4343 &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://patentabsurdity.com/&quot;&gt;http://patentabsurdity.com/&lt;/a&gt; &gt; hadde vært noe å kringkaste på
4344 NRK1. :)&lt;/p&gt;
4345
4346 &lt;p&gt;Vennlig hilsen,
4347 &lt;br&gt;--
4348 &lt;br&gt;Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
4349 </description>
4350 </item>
4351
4352 <item>
4353 <title>Standardkrav inn i anbudstekster?</title>
4354 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Standardkrav_inn_i_anbudstekster_.html</link>
4355 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Standardkrav_inn_i_anbudstekster_.html</guid>
4356 <pubDate>Sun, 17 Oct 2010 19:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
4357 <description>&lt;p&gt;Hvis det å følge standarder skal ha noen effekt overfor
4358 leverandører, så må slike krav og ønsker komme inn i anbudstekster når
4359 systemer kjøpes inn. Har ikke sett noen slike formuleringer i anbud
4360 så langt, men har tenkt litt på hva som bør inn. Her er noen ideer og
4361 forslag. Min drøm er at en kan sette krav til slik støtte i
4362 anbudstekster, men så langt er det nok mer sannsynlig at en må nøye
4363 seg med å skrive at det er en fordel om slik støtte er tilstede i
4364 leveranser.&lt;/p&gt;
4365
4366 &lt;p&gt;Som systemadministrator på Universitetet er det typisk to områder
4367 som er problematiske for meg. Det ene er admin-grensesnittene på
4368 tjenermaskiner, som vi ønsker å bruke via ssh. Det andre er nettsider
4369 som vi ønsker å bruke via en nettleser. For begge deler er det viktig
4370 at protokollene og formatene som brukes følger standarder våre verktøy
4371 støtter.&lt;/p&gt;
4372
4373 &lt;p&gt;De fleste har nå støtte for SSH som overføringsprotkoll for
4374 admin-grensesnittet, men det er ikke tilstrekkelig for å kunne stille
4375 inn f.eks BIOS og RAID-kontroller via ssh-forbindelsen. Det er flere
4376 aktuelle protokoller for fremvisning av BIOS-oppsett og
4377 oppstartmeldinger, og min anbefaling ville være å kreve
4378 VT100-kompatibel protokoll, for å sikre at flest mulig
4379 terminalemulatorer kan forstå hva som kommer fra admin-grensesnittet
4380 via ssh. Andre aktuelle alternativer er ANSI-terminalemulering og
4381 VT220. Kanskje en formulering ala dette i anbudsutlysninger vil
4382 fungere:&lt;/p&gt;
4383
4384 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
4385 BIOS og oppstartmeldinger i administrasjonsgrensesnittet til maskinen
4386 bør/skal være tilgjengelig via SSH-protokollen som definert av IETF
4387 (RFC 4251 mfl.) og følge terminalfremvisningprotokollen VT100 (ref?)
4388 når en kobler seg til oppstart via ssh.
4389 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
4390
4391 &lt;p&gt;Har ikke lykkes med å finne en god referanse for
4392 VT100-spesifikasjonen.&lt;/p&gt;
4393
4394 &lt;p&gt;Når det gjelder nettsider, så er det det HTML, CSS og
4395 JavaScript-spesifikasjonen til W3C som gjelder.&lt;/p&gt;
4396
4397 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
4398 Alle systemets nettsider bør/skal være i henhold til statens
4399 standardkatalogs krav om nettsider og følge HTML-standarden som
4400 definert av W3C, og validere uten feil hos W3Cs HTML-validator
4401 (http://validator.w3.org). Hvis det brukes CSS så bør/skal denne
4402 validere uten feil hos W3Cs CSS-validator
4403 (http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/). Eventuelle JavaScript skal
4404 være i henhold til EcmaScript-standarden. I tillegg til å følge de
4405 overnevnte standardene skal websidene fungere i nettleserne (fyll inn
4406 relevant liste for organisasjonen) Firefox 3.5, Internet Explorer 8,
4407 Opera 9, etc.
4408 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
4409
4410 &lt;p&gt;Vil et slikt avsnitt være konkret nok til å få leverandørene til å
4411 lage nettsider som følger standardene og fungerer i flere
4412 nettlesere?&lt;/p&gt;
4413
4414 &lt;p&gt;Tar svært gjerne imot innspill på dette temaet til aktive (at)
4415 nuug.no, og er spesielt interessert i hva andre skriver i sine anbud
4416 for å oppmuntre leverandører til å følge standardene. Kanskje NUUG
4417 burde lage et dokument med forslag til standardformuleringer å ta med
4418 i anbudsutlysninger?&lt;/p&gt;
4419
4420 &lt;p&gt;Oppdatering 2010-12-03: I følge Wikipedias oppføring om
4421 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code&quot;&gt;ANSI escape
4422 code&lt;/a&gt;, så bruker VT100-terminaler ECMA-48-spesifikasjonen som
4423 basis for sin oppførsel. Det kan dermed være et alternativ når en
4424 skal spesifisere hvordan seriell-konsoll skal fungere.&lt;/p&gt;
4425 </description>
4426 </item>
4427
4428 <item>
4429 <title>Terms of use for video produced by a Canon IXUS 130 digital camera</title>
4430 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Terms_of_use_for_video_produced_by_a_Canon_IXUS_130_digital_camera.html</link>
4431 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Terms_of_use_for_video_produced_by_a_Canon_IXUS_130_digital_camera.html</guid>
4432 <pubDate>Thu, 9 Sep 2010 23:55:00 +0200</pubDate>
4433 <description>&lt;p&gt;A few days ago I had the mixed pleasure of bying a new digital
4434 camera, a Canon IXUS 130. It was instructive and very disturbing to
4435 be able to verify that also this camera producer have the nerve to
4436 specify how I can or can not use the videos produced with the camera.
4437 Even thought I was aware of the issue, the options with new cameras
4438 are limited and I ended up bying the camera anyway. What is the
4439 problem, you might ask? It is software patents, MPEG-4, H.264 and the
4440 MPEG-LA that is the problem, and our right to record our experiences
4441 without asking for permissions that is at risk.
4442
4443 &lt;p&gt;On page 27 of the Danish instruction manual, this section is
4444 written:&lt;/p&gt;
4445
4446 &lt;blockquote&gt;
4447 &lt;p&gt;This product is licensed under AT&amp;T patents for the MPEG-4 standard
4448 and may be used for encoding MPEG-4 compliant video and/or decoding
4449 MPEG-4 compliant video that was encoded only (1) for a personal and
4450 non-commercial purpose or (2) by a video provider licensed under the
4451 AT&amp;T patents to provide MPEG-4 compliant video.&lt;/p&gt;
4452
4453 &lt;p&gt;No license is granted or implied for any other use for MPEG-4
4454 standard.&lt;/p&gt;
4455 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
4456
4457 &lt;p&gt;In short, the camera producer have chosen to use technology
4458 (MPEG-4/H.264) that is only provided if I used it for personal and
4459 non-commercial purposes, or ask for permission from the organisations
4460 holding the knowledge monopoly (patent) for technology used.&lt;/p&gt;
4461
4462 &lt;p&gt;This issue has been brewing for a while, and I recommend you to
4463 read
4464 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.osnews.com/story/23236/Why_Our_Civilization_s_Video_Art_and_Culture_is_Threatened_by_the_MPEG-LA&quot;&gt;Why
4465 Our Civilization&#39;s Video Art and Culture is Threatened by the
4466 MPEG-LA&lt;/a&gt;&quot; by Eugenia Loli-Queru and
4467 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://webmink.com/2010/09/03/h-264-and-foss/&quot;&gt;H.264 Is Not
4468 The Sort Of Free That Matters&lt;/a&gt;&quot; by Simon Phipps to learn more about
4469 the issue. The solution is to support the
4470 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;free and
4471 open standards&lt;/a&gt; for video, like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theora.org/&quot;&gt;Ogg
4472 Theora&lt;/a&gt;, and avoid MPEG-4 and H.264 if you can.&lt;/p&gt;
4473 </description>
4474 </item>
4475
4476 <item>
4477 <title>Officeshots taking shape</title>
4478 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Officeshots_taking_shape.html</link>
4479 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Officeshots_taking_shape.html</guid>
4480 <pubDate>Sun, 13 Jun 2010 11:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
4481 <description>&lt;p&gt;For those of us caring about document exchange and
4482 interoperability, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.officeshots.org/&quot;&gt;OfficeShots&lt;/a&gt;
4483 is a great service. It is to ODF documents what
4484 &lt;a href=&quot;http://browsershots.org/&quot;&gt;BrowserShots&lt;/a&gt; is for web
4485 pages.&lt;/p&gt;
4486
4487 &lt;p&gt;A while back, I was contacted by Knut Yrvin at the part of Nokia
4488 that used to be Trolltech, who wanted to help the OfficeShots project
4489 and wondered if the University of Oslo where I work would be
4490 interested in supporting the project. I helped him to navigate his
4491 request to the right people at work, and his request was answered with
4492 a spot in the machine room with power and network connected, and Knut
4493 arranged funding for a machine to fill the spot. The machine is
4494 administrated by the OfficeShots people, so I do not have daily
4495 contact with its progress, and thus from time to time check back to
4496 see how the project is doing.&lt;/p&gt;
4497
4498 &lt;p&gt;Today I had a look, and was happy to see that the Dell box in our
4499 machine room now is the host for several virtual machines running as
4500 OfficeShots factories, and the project is able to render ODF documents
4501 in 17 different document processing implementation on Linux and
4502 Windows. This is great.&lt;/p&gt;
4503 </description>
4504 </item>
4505
4506 <item>
4507 <title>A manual for standards wars...</title>
4508 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html</link>
4509 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html</guid>
4510 <pubDate>Sun, 6 Jun 2010 14:15:00 +0200</pubDate>
4511 <description>&lt;p&gt;Via the
4512 &lt;a href=&quot;http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html&quot;&gt;blog
4513 of Rob Weir&lt;/a&gt; I came across the very interesting essay named
4514 &lt;a href=&quot;http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf&quot;&gt;The Art of
4515 Standards Wars&lt;/a&gt; (PDF 25 pages). I recommend it for everyone
4516 following the standards wars of today.&lt;/p&gt;
4517 </description>
4518 </item>
4519
4520 <item>
4521 <title>Danmark går for ODF?</title>
4522 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Danmark_g_r_for_ODF_.html</link>
4523 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Danmark_g_r_for_ODF_.html</guid>
4524 <pubDate>Fri, 29 Jan 2010 12:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
4525 <description>&lt;p&gt;Ble nettopp gjort oppmerksom på en
4526 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.version2.dk/artikel/13690-breaking-odf-vinder-dokumentformat-krigen &quot;&gt;nyhet fra Version2&lt;/a&gt;
4527 fra Danmark, der det hevdes at Folketinget har vedtatt at ODF skal
4528 brukes som dokumentutvekslingsformat i Staten.&lt;/p&gt;
4529
4530 &lt;p&gt;Hyggelig lesning, spesielt hvis det viser seg at de av vedtatt
4531 kravlisten for hva som skal aksepteres som referert i kommentarfeltet
4532 til artikkelen og
4533 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.version2.dk/artikel/13693-er-ooxml-doemt-ude-her-er-kravene-til-en-offentlig-dokumentstandard&quot;&gt;en
4534 annen artikkel&lt;/a&gt; i samme nett-avis. Liker spesielt godt denne:&lt;/p&gt;
4535
4536 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt; Det skal demonstreres, at standarden i sin helhed kan
4537 implementeres af alle direkte i sin helhed på flere
4538 platforme.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
4539
4540 &lt;p&gt;Noe slikt burde være et krav også i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;
4541 </description>
4542 </item>
4543
4544 <item>
4545 <title>Relative popularity of document formats (MS Office vs. ODF)</title>
4546 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Relative_popularity_of_document_formats__MS_Office_vs__ODF_.html</link>
4547 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Relative_popularity_of_document_formats__MS_Office_vs__ODF_.html</guid>
4548 <pubDate>Wed, 12 Aug 2009 15:50:00 +0200</pubDate>
4549 <description>&lt;p&gt;Just for fun, I did a search right now on Google for a few file ODF
4550 and MS Office based formats (not to be mistaken for ISO or ECMA
4551 OOXML), to get an idea of their relative usage. I searched using
4552 &#39;filetype:odt&#39; and equvalent terms, and got these results:&lt;/P&gt;
4553
4554 &lt;table&gt;
4555 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Type&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;ODF&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;MS Office&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4556 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Tekst&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odt:282000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;docx:308000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4557 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Presentasjon&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odp:75600&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;pptx:183000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4558 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Regneark&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;ods:26500 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;xlsx:145000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4559 &lt;/table&gt;
4560
4561 &lt;p&gt;Next, I added a &#39;site:no&#39; limit to get the numbers for Norway, and
4562 got these numbers:&lt;/p&gt;
4563
4564 &lt;table&gt;
4565 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Type&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;ODF&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;MS Office&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4566 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Tekst&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odt:2480 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;docx:4460&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4567 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Presentasjon&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odp:299 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;pptx:741&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4568 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Regneark&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;ods:187 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;xlsx:372&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4569 &lt;/table&gt;
4570
4571 &lt;p&gt;I wonder how these numbers change over time.&lt;/p&gt;
4572
4573 &lt;p&gt;I am aware of Google returning different results and numbers based
4574 on where the search is done, so I guess these numbers will differ if
4575 they are conduced in another country. Because of this, I did the same
4576 search from a machine in California, USA, a few minutes after the
4577 search done from a machine here in Norway.&lt;/p&gt;
4578
4579
4580 &lt;table&gt;
4581 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Type&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;ODF&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;MS Office&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4582 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Tekst&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odt:129000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;docx:308000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4583 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Presentasjon&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odp:44200&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;pptx:93900&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4584 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Regneark&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;ods:26500 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;xlsx:82400&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4585 &lt;/table&gt;
4586
4587 &lt;p&gt;And with &#39;site:no&#39;:
4588
4589 &lt;table&gt;
4590 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Type&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;ODF&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;MS Office&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4591 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Tekst&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odt:2480&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;docx:3410&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4592 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Presentasjon&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odp:175&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;pptx:604&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4593 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Regneark&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;ods:186 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;xlsx:296&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
4594 &lt;/table&gt;
4595
4596 &lt;p&gt;Interesting difference, not sure what to conclude from these
4597 numbers.&lt;/p&gt;
4598 </description>
4599 </item>
4600
4601 <item>
4602 <title>ISO still hope to fix OOXML</title>
4603 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ISO_still_hope_to_fix_OOXML.html</link>
4604 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ISO_still_hope_to_fix_OOXML.html</guid>
4605 <pubDate>Sat, 8 Aug 2009 14:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
4606 <description>&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a
4607 href=&quot;http://twerner.blogspot.com/2009/08/defects-of-office-open-xml.html&quot;&gt;a
4608 blog post from Torsten Werner&lt;/a&gt;, the current defect report for ISO
4609 29500 (ISO OOXML) is 809 pages. His interesting point is that the
4610 defect report is 71 pages more than the full ODF 1.1 specification.
4611 Personally I find it more interesting that ISO still believe ISO OOXML
4612 can be fixed in ISO. Personally, I believe it is broken beyon repair,
4613 and I completely lack any trust in ISO for being able to get anywhere
4614 close to solving the problems. I was part of the Norwegian committee
4615 involved in the OOXML fast track process, and was not impressed with
4616 Standard Norway and ISO in how they handled it.&lt;/p&gt;
4617
4618 &lt;p&gt;These days I focus on ODF instead, which seem like a specification
4619 with the future ahead of it. We are working in NUUG to organise a ODF
4620 seminar this autumn.&lt;/p&gt;
4621 </description>
4622 </item>
4623
4624 <item>
4625 <title>Regjerningens oppsummering av høringen om standardkatalogen versjon 2</title>
4626 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjerningens_oppsummering_av_h_ringen_om_standardkatalogen_versjon_2.html</link>
4627 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjerningens_oppsummering_av_h_ringen_om_standardkatalogen_versjon_2.html</guid>
4628 <pubDate>Thu, 9 Jul 2009 14:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
4629 <description>&lt;p&gt;For å forstå mer om hvorfor standardkatalogens versjon 2 ble som
4630 den ble, har jeg bedt om kopi fra FAD av dokumentene som ble lagt frem
4631 for regjeringen da de tok sin avgjørelse. De er nå lagt ut på NUUGs
4632 wiki, direkte tilgjengelig via &quot;&lt;a
4633 href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/200901-standardkatalog-v2?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=kongelig-resolusjon.pdf&quot;&gt;Referansekatalogen
4634 v2.0 - Oppsummering av høring&lt;/a&gt;&quot; og &quot;&lt;a
4635 href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/200901-standardkatalog-v2?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=kongelig-resolusjon-katalogutkast.pdf&quot;&gt;Referansekatalog
4636 for IT-standarder i offentlig sektor Versjon 2.0, dd.mm.åååå -
4637 UTKAST&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
4638
4639 &lt;p&gt;Det er tre ting jeg merker meg i oppsummeringen fra
4640 høringsuttalelsen da jeg skummet igjennom den. Det første er at
4641 forståelsen av hvordan programvarepatenter påvirker fri
4642 programvareutvikling også i Norge når en argumenterer med at
4643 royalty-betaling ikke er et relevant problem i Norge. Det andre er at
4644 FAD ikke har en prinsipiell forståelse av verdien av en enkelt
4645 standard innenfor hvert område. Det siste er at påstander i
4646 høringsuttalelsene ikke blir etterprøvd (f.eks. påstanden fra
4647 Microsoft om hvordan Ogg blir standardisert og påstanden fra
4648 politidirektoratet om patentproblemer i Theora).&lt;/p&gt;
4649 </description>
4650 </item>
4651
4652 <item>
4653 <title>Regjerningen forlater prinsippet om ingen royalty-betaling i standardkatalogen versjon 2</title>
4654 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjerningen_forlater_prinsippet_om_ingen_royalty_betaling_i_standardkatalogen_versjon_2.html</link>
4655 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjerningen_forlater_prinsippet_om_ingen_royalty_betaling_i_standardkatalogen_versjon_2.html</guid>
4656 <pubDate>Mon, 6 Jul 2009 21:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
4657 <description>&lt;p&gt;Jeg ble glad da regjeringen
4658 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digi.no/817635/her-er-statens-nye-it-standarder&quot;&gt;annonserte&lt;/a&gt;
4659 versjon 2 av
4660 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/FAD/Vedlegg/IKT-politikk/Referansekatalogen_versjon2.pdf&quot;&gt;statens
4661 referansekatalog over standarder&lt;/a&gt;, men trist da jeg leste hva som
4662 faktisk var vedtatt etter
4663 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/fad/dok/horinger/horingsdokumenter/2009/horing---referansekatalog-versjon-2.html&quot;&gt;høringen&lt;/a&gt;.
4664 De fleste av de valgte åpne standardene er gode og vil bidra til at
4665 alle kan delta på like vilkår i å lage løsninger for staten, men
4666 noen av dem blokkerer for de som ikke har anledning til å benytte
4667 spesifikasjoner som krever betaling for bruk (såkalt
4668 royalty-betaling). Det gjelder spesifikt for H.264 for video og MP3
4669 for lyd. Så lenge bruk av disse var valgfritt mens Ogg Theora og Ogg
4670 Vorbis var påkrevd, kunne alle som ønsket å spille av video og lyd
4671 fra statens websider gjøre dette uten å måtte bruke programmer der
4672 betaling for bruk var nødvendig. Når det nå er gjort valgfritt for
4673 de statlige etatene å bruke enten H.264 eller Theora (og MP3 eler
4674 Vorbis), så vil en bli tvunget til å forholde seg til
4675 royalty-belastede standarder for å få tilgang til videoen og
4676 lyden.&lt;/p&gt;
4677
4678 &lt;p&gt;Det gjør meg veldig trist at regjeringen har forlatt prinsippet om
4679 at alle standarder som ble valgt til å være påkrevd i katalogen skulle
4680 være uten royalty-betaling. Jeg håper det ikke betyr at en har mistet
4681 all forståelse for hvilke prinsipper som må følges for å oppnå
4682 likeverdig konkurranse mellom aktørene i IT-bransjen. NUUG advarte
4683 mot dette i
4684 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/200901-standardkatalog-v2&quot;&gt;sin
4685 høringsuttalelse&lt;/a&gt;, men ser ut til å ha blitt ignorert.&lt;/p&gt;
4686
4687 &lt;p&gt;Oppdatering 2012-06-29: Kom over &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/FAD/Vedlegg/IKT-politikk/Refkat_v2.pdf&quot;&gt;en
4688 rapport til FAD&lt;/a&gt; fra da versjon 1 av katalogen ble vedtatt, og der
4689 er det tydelig at problemstillingen var kjent og forstått.&lt;/p&gt;
4690 </description>
4691 </item>
4692
4693 <item>
4694 <title>Microsofts misvisende argumentasjon rundt multimediaformater</title>
4695 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Microsofts_misvisende_argumentasjon_rundt_multimediaformater.html</link>
4696 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Microsofts_misvisende_argumentasjon_rundt_multimediaformater.html</guid>
4697 <pubDate>Fri, 26 Jun 2009 13:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
4698 <description>&lt;p&gt;I
4699 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/FAD/Vedlegg/Hoeringer/Refkat_V2/MicrosoftNorge.pdf&quot;&gt;Microsoft
4700 sin høringsuttalelse&lt;/a&gt; til
4701 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/fad/dok/horinger/horingsdokumenter/2009/horing---referansekatalog-versjon-2.html?id=549422&quot;&gt;forslag
4702 til versjon 2 av statens referansekatalog over standarder&lt;/a&gt;, lirer
4703 de av seg følgende FUD-perle:&lt;/p&gt;
4704
4705 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Vorbis, OGG, Theora og FLAC er alle tekniske
4706 spesifikasjoner overordnet styrt av xiph.org, som er en
4707 ikke-kommersiell organisasjon. Etablerte og anerkjente
4708 standardiseringsorganisasjoner, som Oasis, W3C og Ecma, har en godt
4709 innarbeidet vedlikeholds- og forvaltningsprosess av en standard.
4710 Det er derimot helt opp til hver enkelt organisasjon å bestemme
4711 hvordan tekniske spesifikasjoner videreutvikles og endres, og disse
4712 spesifikasjonene bør derfor ikke defineres som åpne
4713 standarder.&quot;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
4714
4715 &lt;p&gt;De vokter seg vel for å nevne den anerkjente
4716 standardiseringsorganisasjonen IETF, som er organisasjonen bak HTTP,
4717 IP og det meste av protokoller på Internet, og RFC-standardene som
4718 IETF står bak. Ogg er spesifisert i
4719 &lt;a href=&quot;http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc3533.txt&quot;&gt;RFC 3533&lt;/a&gt;, og er uten
4720 tvil å anse som en åpen standard. Vorbis er
4721 &lt;a href=&quot;http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc5215.txt&quot;&gt;RFC 5215&lt;/a&gt;. Theora er
4722
4723 under standardisering via IETF, med
4724 &lt;a href=&quot;http://svn.xiph.org/trunk/theora/doc/draft-ietf-avt-rtp-theora-00.txt&quot;&gt;siste
4725 utkast publisert 2006-07-21&lt;/a&gt; (riktignok er dermed teksten ikke
4726 skrevet i stein ennå, men det blir neppe endringer som ikke er
4727 bakoverkompatibel). De kan være inne på noe når det gjelder FLAC da
4728 jeg ikke finner tegn til at &lt;a
4729 href=&quot;http://flac.sourceforge.net/format.html&quot;&gt;spesifikasjonen
4730 tilgjengelig på web&lt;/a&gt; er på tur via noen
4731 standardiseringsorganisasjon, men i og med at folkene bak Ogg, Theora
4732 og Vorbis også har involvert seg i Flac siden 2003, så ser jeg ikke
4733 bort fra at også den organiseres via IETF. Jeg kjenner personlig lite
4734 til FLAC.&lt;/p&gt;
4735
4736 &lt;p&gt;Uredelig argumentasjon bør en holde seg for god til å komme med,
4737 spesielt når det er så enkelt i dagens Internet-hverdag å gå
4738 misvisende påstander etter i sømmene.&lt;/p&gt;
4739 </description>
4740 </item>
4741
4742 <item>
4743 <title>Standarder fungerer best når en samler seg rundt dem</title>
4744 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Standarder_fungerer_best_n_r_en_samler_seg_rundt_dem.html</link>
4745 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Standarder_fungerer_best_n_r_en_samler_seg_rundt_dem.html</guid>
4746 <pubDate>Tue, 19 May 2009 11:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
4747 <description>&lt;p&gt;En standard er noe man samler seg rundt, ut fra ideen om at en får
4748 fordeler når mange står sammen. Jo flere som står sammen, jo
4749 bedre. Når en vet dette, blir det litt merkelig å lese noen av
4750 uttalelsene som er kommet inn til
4751 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/fad/dok/horinger/horingsdokumenter/2009/horing---referansekatalog-versjon-2/horingsuttalelser.html?id=549423&quot;&gt;høringen
4752 om versjon 2 av statens referansekatalog over standarder&lt;/a&gt;. Blant
4753 annet Abelia, NHO og Microsoft tror det er lurt med flere standarder
4754 innenfor samme område. Det blir som å si at det er fint om Norge
4755 standardiserte både på A4- og Letter-størrelser på arkene, ulik
4756 sporvidde på jernbaneskinnene, meter og fot som lengemål, eller
4757 høyre- og venstrekjøring - slik at en kan konkurrere på hvilken
4758 standard som er best. De fleste forstår heldigvis at dette ikke
4759 bidrar positivt.&lt;/p&gt;
4760 </description>
4761 </item>
4762
4763 <item>
4764 <title>Hvorfor jeg ikke bruker eFaktura</title>
4765 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvorfor_jeg_ikke_bruker_eFaktura.html</link>
4766 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvorfor_jeg_ikke_bruker_eFaktura.html</guid>
4767 <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
4768 <description>&lt;p&gt;Telenors annonsering om å kreve 35 kroner i gebyr fra alle som
4769 ønsker papirfaktura har satt sinnene i kok, og pressedekningen så
4770 langt snakker om at eldre og folk som ikke behersker data vil få en
4771 urimelig ekstrakostnad. Jeg tror ikke jeg passer inn i noen av de
4772 kategoriene, men velger å holde meg unna eFaktura - som er det
4773 Telenor ønsker å få folk over på - pga. systemets egenskaper.&lt;/p&gt;
4774
4775 &lt;p&gt;Slik jeg har sett eFaktura til forbrukere så langt, så sender
4776 selger en elektronisk beskjed til kundens bank, som legger ut
4777 informasjon om fakturaen i nettbanken for godkjenning. Personlig
4778 ville jeg sett det som mer naturlig at det gikk en elektronisk beskjed
4779 fra selger til kunde, dvs meg, og at jeg så kunne bruke den videre
4780 mot banken eller andre hvis jeg ønsket dette. Mine innkjøp og
4781 regninger er jo en sak mellom meg og mine leverandører, ikke en sak
4782 mellom min bank og mine leverandører. Kun hvis jeg ønsker å betale
4783 fakturaen skal banken involveres. En faktura bør jo inn i
4784 regnskapet, og jeg ønsker mulighet til å legge det inn der. Når
4785 fakturaen sendes til banken i stedet for meg, blir det vanskeligere.
4786 Hele eFaktura-modellen virker på meg som en umyndiggjøring av meg
4787 som kunde.&lt;/p&gt;
4788
4789 &lt;p&gt;I tillegg har jeg ikke vært i stand til å finne
4790 eFaktura-formatets spesifikasjon, og det ser ut til at utsending av
4791 slike krever dyre avtaler med bankene for å få lov til å sende ut
4792 eFaktura til kunder. Jeg ser vel helst at fakturering på
4793 elektroniske formater kan gjøres f.eks. via epost eller HTTP uten å
4794 måtte betale mellommenn for retten til å lever ut en faktura, og
4795 liker rett og slett ikke dagens faktureringsmodeller.&lt;/p&gt;
4796 </description>
4797 </item>
4798
4799 <item>
4800 <title>Standardize on protocols and formats, not vendors and applications</title>
4801 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Standardize_on_protocols_and_formats__not_vendors_and_applications.html</link>
4802 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Standardize_on_protocols_and_formats__not_vendors_and_applications.html</guid>
4803 <pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2009 11:50:00 +0200</pubDate>
4804 <description>&lt;p&gt;Where I work at the University of Oslo, one decision stand out as a
4805 very good one to form a long lived computer infrastructure. It is the
4806 simple one, lost by many in todays computer industry: Standardize on
4807 open network protocols and open exchange/storage formats, not applications.
4808 Applications come and go, while protocols and files tend to stay, and
4809 thus one want to make it easy to change application and vendor, while
4810 avoiding conversion costs and locking users to a specific platform or
4811 application.&lt;/p&gt;
4812
4813 &lt;p&gt;This approach make it possible to replace the client applications
4814 independently of the server applications. One can even allow users to
4815 use several different applications as long as they handle the selected
4816 protocol and format. In the normal case, only one client application
4817 is recommended and users only get help if they choose to use this
4818 application, but those that want to deviate from the easy path are not
4819 blocked from doing so.&lt;/p&gt;
4820
4821 &lt;p&gt;It also allow us to replace the server side without forcing the
4822 users to replace their applications, and thus allow us to select the
4823 best server implementation at any moment, when scale and resouce
4824 requirements change.&lt;/p&gt;
4825
4826 &lt;p&gt;I strongly recommend standardizing - on open network protocols and
4827 open formats, but I would never recommend standardizing on a single
4828 application that do not use open network protocol or open formats.&lt;/p&gt;
4829 </description>
4830 </item>
4831
4832 <item>
4833 <title>Hva er egentlig en åpen standard?</title>
4834 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_er_egentlig_en__pen_standard_.html</link>
4835 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_er_egentlig_en__pen_standard_.html</guid>
4836 <pubDate>Sat, 28 Mar 2009 10:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
4837 <description>&lt;p&gt;Jeg møter alle slags interessante mennesker på min vei, og et møte
4838 jeg lærte mye av var å treffe på en svært kompetent IT-fyr som
4839 benektet ting jeg anser som åpenbart og selvfølgelig når det gjelder
4840 standarder. Det var interessant, da det fikk meg til å tenke litt
4841 nøyere på hvilke mekanismer som ligger til grunn for at noe oppfattes
4842 som en standard. Det hele startet med arbeid rundt integrering av NSS
4843 LDAP mot Active Directory, og problemer som oppstår pga. at Active
4844 Directory ikke følger LDAP-spesifikasjonen som dokumentert i RFCer fra
4845 IETF (konkret, AD returnerer kun et subset av attributter hvis det er
4846 mer enn 1500 atributter av en gitt type i et LDAP-objekt, og en må be
4847 om resten i bolker av 1500). Jeg hevdet måten dette ble gjort på brøt
4848 med LDAP-spesifikasjonen, og henviste til hvor i LDAP-spesifikasjonen
4849 fra IETF det sto at oppførselen til AD ikke fulgte
4850 LDAP-spesifikasjonen. AD-spesialisten overrasket meg da ved å
4851 fortelle at IETF var ikke de som definerte LDAP-spesifikasjonen, og at
4852 Active Directory ikke brøt den virkelige LDAP-spesifikasjonen som han
4853 mente lå til grunn. Jeg ble spesielt overrasket over denne
4854 tilnærmingen til problemstillingen, da til og med Microsoft så vidt
4855 jeg kan se anerkjenner IETF som organisasjonen som definerer
4856 LDAP-spesifikasjonen. Jeg fikk aldri spurt hvem han mente sto bak den
4857 egentlige LDAP-spesifikasjonen, da det var irrelevant for problemet vi
4858 måtte løse (få Linux og AD til å fungere sammen). Dette møtet
4859 fortalte meg uansett at det ikke er gitt at alle aktører er enige om
4860 hva en standard er, og hva som er kilden til en gitt standard. Det er
4861 vanskelig å enes om felles standarder før en først enes om hvem som
4862 bestemmer hva en gitt standard innebærer.&lt;/p&gt;
4863
4864 &lt;p&gt;Hva er så en standard? I sin abstrakte form er det noe å samles
4865 om. På engelsk er en av betydningene fane brukt i krig, du vet, den
4866 type fane en samlet seg rundt på kamplassen i riddertiden. En
4867 standard definerer altså et felleskap, noen som har noe felles. Det
4868 er naturligvis mange måter å utgjøre et felleskap på. En kan
4869 f.eks. enes om å gjøre alt slik som Ole gjør det, og dermed si at Oles
4870 oppførsel er standard. Hver gang Ole endrer oppførsel endrer også
4871 standarden seg uten noe mer organisering og prosedyre. En variant av
4872 dette er å gjøre slik som Ole har gjort det i stedet for slik Ole til
4873 enhver til gjør noe. Dette er ofte litt enklere å forholde seg til,
4874 da en slipper å sjekke med Ole hver gang for å vite hvordan ting skal
4875 gjøres nå, men hvis det Ole gjorde noe dumt den gang en bestemte seg
4876 for å følge Ole, så er det vanskeligere å få endret oppførsel for å
4877 unngå dette dumme.&lt;/p&gt;
4878
4879 &lt;p&gt;En kan også ta det et skritt videre, og istedet for å basere seg på
4880 enkeltpersoners oppførsel sette seg ned og bli enige om hvordan en
4881 skal gjøre ting, dvs. lage et felleskap basert på konsensus. Dette
4882 tar naturligvis litt mer tid (en må diskutere ting i forkant før en
4883 kan sette igang), men det kan bidra til at den oppførselen en
4884 planlegger å benytte seg av er mer gjennomtenkt. Det ender også
4885 typisk opp med en beskrivelse av ønsket oppførsel som flere kan forstå
4886 - da flere har vært involvert i å utarbeide beskrivelsen.&lt;/p&gt;
4887
4888 &lt;p&gt;Dette er dessverre ikke alt som trengs for å forstå hva en åpen
4889 standard er for noe. Der alle kan se på hvordan folk oppfører seg, og
4890 dermed har valget om de vil oppføre seg likt eller ikke, så er det
4891 endel juridiske faktorer som gjør det hele mer komplisert -
4892 opphavsretten og patentlovgivningen for å være helt konkret. For å gi
4893 et eksempel. Hvis noen blir enige om å alltid plystre en bestemt
4894 melodi når de møtes, for å identifisere hverandre, så kan
4895 opphavsretten brukes til å styre hvem som får lov til å gjøre dette.
4896 De har standardisert hvordan de kjenner igjen alle som følger denne
4897 standarden, men ikke alle har nødvendigvis lov til å følge den.
4898 Musikk er opphavsrettsbeskyttet, og fremføring av musikk i
4899 offentligheten er opphavsmannens enerett (dvs. et monopol). Det vil i
4900 sin ytterste konsekvens si at alle som skal plystre en
4901 opphavsrettsbeskyttet melodi i det offentlige rom må ha godkjenning
4902 fra opphavsmannen. Har en ikke dette, så bryter en loven og kan
4903 straffes. Det er dermed mulig for opphavsmannen å kontrollere hvem
4904 som får lov til å benytte seg av denne standarden. En annen variant
4905 er hvis en standard er dokumentert, så er dokumentet som definerer
4906 standarden (spesifikasjonen) beskyttet av opphavsretten, og det er
4907 dermed mulig for rettighetsinnehaver å begrense tilgang til
4908 spesifikasjonen, og slik styre hvem som kan ta i bruk standarden på
4909 den måten.&lt;/p&gt;
4910
4911 &lt;p&gt;Der opphavsretten innvilger et monopol på kunstneriske uttrykk med
4912 verkshøyde, innvilger patentlovgivningen monopol på ideer. Hvis en
4913 slik patentert idé (fortrinnsvis uttrykt i en teknisk innretning, men
4914 det er kompliserende faktorer som gjør at det ikke er et krav) trengs
4915 for å ta i bruk en standard, så vil den som innehar patent kunne styre
4916 hvem som får ta i bruk standarden. Det er dermed ikke gitt at alle
4917 kan delta i et standard-felleskap, og hvis de kan delta, så er det
4918 ikke sikkert at det er på like vilkår. F.eks. kan rettighetsinnehaver
4919 sette vilkår som gjør at noen faller utenfor, det være seg av
4920 finansielle, avtalemessige eller prinsipielle årsaker. Vanlige slike
4921 vilkår er &quot;må betale litt for hver kunde/bruker&quot; som utelukker de som
4922 gir bort en løsning gratis og &quot;må gi fra seg retten til å håndheve
4923 sine egne patentrettigheter ovenfor rettighetshaver&quot; som utelukker
4924 alle som ønsker å beholde den muligheten.&lt;/p&gt;
4925
4926 &lt;p&gt;En åpen standard innebærer for meg at alle kan få innsikt i en
4927 komplett beskrivelse av oppførsel som standarden skal dekke, og at
4928 ingen kan nektes å benytte seg av standarden. Noen mener at det
4929 holder at alle med tilstrekkelig finansiering kan få tilgang til
4930 spesifikasjonen og at en kun har finansielle krav til bruk.
4931 Pga. denne konflikten har et nytt begrep spredt seg de siste årene,
4932 nemlig fri og åpen standard, der en har gjort det klart at alle må ha
4933 komplett og lik tilgang til spesifikasjoner og retten til å gjøre bruk
4934 av en standard for at en standard skal kunne kalles fri og åpen.&lt;/p&gt;
4935 </description>
4936 </item>
4937
4938 <item>
4939 <title>Fri og åpen standard, slik Digistan ser det</title>
4940 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fri_og__pen_standard__slik_Digistan_ser_det.html</link>
4941 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fri_og__pen_standard__slik_Digistan_ser_det.html</guid>
4942 <pubDate>Sat, 31 Jan 2009 23:10:00 +0100</pubDate>
4943 <description>&lt;p&gt;Det er mange ulike definisjoner om hva en åpen standard er for noe,
4944 og NUUG hadde &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/dokumenter/standard-presse-def-200506.txt&quot;&gt;en
4945 pressemelding om dette sommeren 2005&lt;/a&gt;. Der ble definisjonen til
4946 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aaben-standard.dk/&quot;&gt;DKUUG&lt;/a&gt;,
4947 &lt;a href=&quot;http://europa.eu.int/idabc/servlets/Doc?id=19529&quot;&gt;EU-kommissionens
4948 European Interoperability Framework ( side 9)&lt;/a&gt; og
4949 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teknologiradet.no/files/7polert_copy.htm&quot;&gt;teknologirådet&lt;/a&gt; omtalt.&lt;/p&gt;
4950
4951 &lt;p&gt;Siden den gang har regjeringens standardiseringsråd dukket opp, og de
4952 ser ut til å har tatt utgangspunkt i EU-kommisjonens definisjon i
4953 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/fad/kampanjer/standardiseringsradet/arbeidsmetodikk.html?id=476407&quot;&gt;sin
4954 arbeidsmetodikk&lt;/a&gt;. Personlig synes jeg det er en god ide, da
4955 kravene som stilles der gjør at alle markedsaktører får like vilkår,
4956 noe som kommer kundene til gode ved hjelp av økt konkurranse.&lt;/p&gt;
4957
4958 &lt;p&gt;I sommer kom det en ny definisjon på banen.
4959 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/&quot;&gt;Digistan&lt;/a&gt; lanserte
4960 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;en
4961 definisjon på en fri og åpen standard&lt;/a&gt;. Jeg liker måten de bryter
4962 ut av diskusjonen om hva som kreves for å kalle noe en åpen standard
4963 ved å legge på et ord og poengtere at en standard som er både åpen og
4964 fri har noen spesielle krav. Her er den definisjonen etter rask
4965 oversettelse fra engelsk til norsk av meg:&lt;/p&gt;
4966
4967 &lt;blockquote&gt;
4968 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Definisjonen av en fri og åpen standard&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
4969
4970 &lt;p&gt;Den digitale standardorganisasjonen definierer fri og åpen standard
4971 som følger:&lt;/p&gt;
4972 &lt;ul&gt;
4973 &lt;li&gt;En fri og åpen standard er immun for leverandørinnlåsing i alle
4974 stadier av dens livssyklus. Immuniteten fra leverandørinnlåsing gjør
4975 det mulig å fritt bruke, forbedre, stole på og utvide en standard over
4976 tid.&lt;/li&gt;
4977 &lt;li&gt;Standarden er adoptert og vil bli vedlikeholdt av en ikke-kommersiell
4978 organisasjon, og dens pågående utvikling gjøres med en åpen
4979 beslutningsprosedyre som er tilgjengelig for alle som er interessert i
4980 å delta.&lt;/li&gt;
4981 &lt;li&gt;Standarden er publisert og spesifikasjonsdokumentet er fritt
4982 tilgjengelig. Det må være tillatt for alle å kopiere, distribuere og
4983 bruke den uten begresninger.&lt;/li&gt;
4984 &lt;li&gt;Patentene som muligens gjelder (deler av) standarden er gjort
4985 ugjenkallelig tilgjengelig uten krav om betaling.&lt;/li&gt;
4986 &lt;li&gt;Det er ingen begresninger i gjenbruk av standarden.&lt;/li&gt;
4987 &lt;/ul&gt;
4988 &lt;p&gt;Det økonomiske resultatet av en fri og åpen standard, som kan
4989 måles, er at det muliggjør perfekt konkurranse mellom leverandører av
4990 produkter basert på standarden.&lt;/p&gt;
4991 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
4992
4993 &lt;p&gt;(Tar gjerne imot forbedringer av oversettelsen.)&lt;/p&gt;
4994 </description>
4995 </item>
4996
4997 <item>
4998 <title>ODF-bruk i staten, ikke helt på plass</title>
4999 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ODF_bruk_i_staten__ikke_helt_p__plass.html</link>
5000 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ODF_bruk_i_staten__ikke_helt_p__plass.html</guid>
5001 <pubDate>Thu, 22 Jan 2009 23:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
5002 <description>&lt;p&gt;I går publiserte
5003 &lt;a href=&quot;http://universitas.no/nyhet/52776/&quot;&gt;Universitas&lt;/a&gt;,
5004 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dagensit.no/trender/article1588462.ece&quot;&gt;Dagens-IT&lt;/a&gt;
5005 og &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article118622.ece&quot;&gt;Computerworld
5006 Norge&lt;/a&gt; en sak om at de ansatte ved Universitetet i Oslo ikke følger
5007 regjeringens pålegg om å publisere i HTML, PDF eller ODF. Det er bra
5008 at det kommer litt fokus på dette, og jeg håper noen journalister tar
5009 en titt på de andre statlige instansene også.&lt;/p&gt;
5010
5011 &lt;p&gt;Skulle ønske det var en enkel måte å sjekke om ODF-dokumenter er i
5012 henholdt til ODF-spesifikasjonen, og en måte å teste om programmer som
5013 hevder å støtte ODF forstår alle delene av ODF-spesifikasjonen.
5014 Kjenner kun til ufullstendige løsninger for slikt.&lt;/p&gt;
5015 </description>
5016 </item>
5017
5018 </channel>
5019 </rss>