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1 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
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3 <channel>
4 <title>Petter Reinholdtsen - Entries tagged standard</title>
5 <description>Entries tagged standard</description>
6 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/</link>
7
8
9 <item>
10 <title>Introducing ical-archiver to split out old iCalendar entries</title>
11 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Introducing_ical_archiver_to_split_out_old_iCalendar_entries.html</link>
12 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Introducing_ical_archiver_to_split_out_old_iCalendar_entries.html</guid>
13 <pubDate>Wed, 4 Jan 2017 12:20:00 +0100</pubDate>
14 <description>&lt;p&gt;Do you have a large &lt;a href=&quot;https://icalendar.org/&quot;&gt;iCalendar&lt;/a&gt;
15 file with lots of old entries, and would like to archive them to save
16 space and resources? At least those of us using KOrganizer know that
17 turning on and off an event set become slower and slower the more
18 entries are in the set. While working on migrating our calendars to a
19 &lt;a href=&quot;http://radicale.org/&quot;&gt;Radicale CalDAV server&lt;/a&gt; on our
20 &lt;a href=&quot;https://freedomboxfoundation.org/&quot;&gt;Freedombox server&lt;/a/&gt;, my
21 loved one wondered if I could find a way to split up the calendar file
22 she had in KOrganizer, and I set out to write a tool. I spent a few
23 days writing and polishing the system, and it is now ready for general
24 consumption. The
25 &lt;a href=&quot;https://github.com/petterreinholdtsen/ical-archiver&quot;&gt;code for
26 ical-archiver&lt;/a&gt; is publicly available from a git repository on
27 github. The system is written in Python and depend on
28 &lt;a href=&quot;http://eventable.github.io/vobject/&quot;&gt;the vobject Python
29 module&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
30
31 &lt;p&gt;To use it, locate the iCalendar file you want to operate on and
32 give it as an argument to the ical-archiver script. This will
33 generate a set of new files, one file per component type per year for
34 all components expiring more than two years in the past. The vevent,
35 vtodo and vjournal entries are handled by the script. The remaining
36 entries are stored in a &#39;remaining&#39; file.&lt;/p&gt;
37
38 &lt;p&gt;This is what a test run can look like:
39
40 &lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
41 % ical-archiver t/2004-2016.ics
42 Found 3612 vevents
43 Found 6 vtodos
44 Found 2 vjournals
45 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2004.ics
46 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2005.ics
47 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2006.ics
48 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2007.ics
49 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2008.ics
50 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2009.ics
51 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2010.ics
52 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2011.ics
53 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2012.ics
54 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2013.ics
55 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vevent-2014.ics
56 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vjournal-2007.ics
57 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vjournal-2011.ics
58 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-subset-vtodo-2012.ics
59 Writing t/2004-2016.ics-remaining.ics
60 %
61 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
62
63 &lt;p&gt;As you can see, the original file is untouched and new files are
64 written with names derived from the original file. If you are happy
65 with their content, the *-remaining.ics file can replace the original
66 the the others can be archived or imported as historical calendar
67 collections.&lt;/p&gt;
68
69 &lt;p&gt;The script should probably be improved a bit. The error handling
70 when discovering broken entries is not good, and I am not sure yet if
71 it make sense to split different entry types into separate files or
72 not. The program is thus likely to change. If you find it
73 interesting, please get in touch. :)&lt;/p&gt;
74
75 &lt;p&gt;As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
76 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
77 &lt;b&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&amp;label=PetterReinholdtsenBlog&quot;&gt;15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/b&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
78 </description>
79 </item>
80
81 <item>
82 <title>UsingQR - &quot;Electronic&quot; paper invoices using JSON and QR codes</title>
83 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/UsingQR____Electronic__paper_invoices_using_JSON_and_QR_codes.html</link>
84 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/UsingQR____Electronic__paper_invoices_using_JSON_and_QR_codes.html</guid>
85 <pubDate>Sat, 19 Mar 2016 09:40:00 +0100</pubDate>
86 <description>&lt;p&gt;Back in 2013 I proposed
87 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Electronic__paper_invoices___using_vCard_in_a_QR_code.html&quot;&gt;a
88 way to make paper and PDF invoices easier to process electronically by
89 adding a QR code with the key information about the invoice&lt;/a&gt;. I
90 suggested using vCard field definition, to get some standard format
91 for name and address, but any format would work. I did not do
92 anything about the proposal, but hoped someone one day would make
93 something like it. It would make it possible to efficiently send
94 machine readable invoices directly between seller and buyer.&lt;/p&gt;
95
96 &lt;p&gt;This was the background when I came across a proposal and
97 specification from the web based accounting and invoicing supplier
98 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.visma.com/&quot;&gt;Visma&lt;/a&gt; in Sweden called
99 &lt;a href=&quot;http://usingqr.com/&quot;&gt;UsingQR&lt;/a&gt;. Their PDF invoices contain
100 a QR code with the key information of the invoice in JSON format.
101 This is the typical content of a QR code following the UsingQR
102 specification (based on a real world example, some numbers replaced to
103 get a more bogus entry). I&#39;ve reformatted the JSON to make it easier
104 to read. Normally this is all on one long line:&lt;/p&gt;
105
106 &lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2016-03-19-qr-invoice.png&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
107 {
108 &quot;vh&quot;:500.00,
109 &quot;vm&quot;:0,
110 &quot;vl&quot;:0,
111 &quot;uqr&quot;:1,
112 &quot;tp&quot;:1,
113 &quot;nme&quot;:&quot;Din Leverandør&quot;,
114 &quot;cc&quot;:&quot;NO&quot;,
115 &quot;cid&quot;:&quot;997912345 MVA&quot;,
116 &quot;iref&quot;:&quot;12300001&quot;,
117 &quot;idt&quot;:&quot;20151022&quot;,
118 &quot;ddt&quot;:&quot;20151105&quot;,
119 &quot;due&quot;:2500.0000,
120 &quot;cur&quot;:&quot;NOK&quot;,
121 &quot;pt&quot;:&quot;BBAN&quot;,
122 &quot;acc&quot;:&quot;17202612345&quot;,
123 &quot;bc&quot;:&quot;BIENNOK1&quot;,
124 &quot;adr&quot;:&quot;0313 OSLO&quot;
125 }
126 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
127
128 &lt;/p&gt;The interpretation of the fields can be found in the
129 &lt;a href=&quot;http://usingqr.com/wp-content/uploads/2014/06/UsingQR_specification1.pdf&quot;&gt;format
130 specification&lt;/a&gt; (revision 2 from june 2014). The format seem to
131 have most of the information needed to handle accounting and payment
132 of invoices, at least the fields I have needed so far here in
133 Norway.&lt;/p&gt;
134
135 &lt;p&gt;Unfortunately, the site and document do not mention anything about
136 the patent, trademark and copyright status of the format and the
137 specification. Because of this, I asked the people behind it back in
138 November to clarify. Ann-Christine Savlid (ann-christine.savlid (at)
139 visma.com) replied that Visma had not applied for patent or trademark
140 protection for this format, and that there were no copyright based
141 usage limitations for the format. I urged her to make sure this was
142 explicitly written on the web pages and in the specification, but
143 unfortunately this has not happened yet. So I guess if there is
144 submarine patents, hidden trademarks or a will to sue for copyright
145 infringements, those starting to use the UsingQR format might be at
146 risk, but if this happen there is some legal defense in the fact that
147 the people behind the format claimed it was safe to do so. At least
148 with patents, there is always
149 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.paperspecs.com/paper-news/beware-the-qr-code-patent-trap/&quot;&gt;a
150 chance of getting sued...&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
151
152 &lt;p&gt;I also asked if they planned to maintain the format in an
153 independent standard organization to give others more confidence that
154 they would participate in the standardization process on equal terms
155 with Visma, but they had no immediate plans for this. Their plan was
156 to work with banks to try to get more users of the format, and
157 evaluate the way forward if the format proved to be popular. I hope
158 they conclude that using an open standard organisation like
159 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ietf.org/&quot;&gt;IETF&lt;/a&gt; is the correct place to
160 maintain such specification.&lt;/p&gt;
161
162 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 2016-03-20&lt;/strong&gt;: Via Twitter I became aware of
163 &lt;a href=&quot;https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=11319492&quot;&gt;some comments
164 about this blog post&lt;/a&gt; that had several useful links and references to
165 similar systems. In the Czech republic, the Czech Banking Association
166 standard #26, with short name SPAYD, uses QR codes with payment
167 information. More information is available from the Wikipedia page on
168 &lt;a href=&quot;https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Short_Payment_Descriptor&quot;&gt;Short
169 Payment Descriptor&lt;/a&gt;. And in Germany, there is a system named
170 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bezahlcode.de/&quot;&gt;BezahlCode&lt;/a&gt;,
171 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.bezahlcode.de/wp-content/uploads/BezahlCode_TechDok.pdf&quot;&gt;specification
172 v1.8 2013-12-05 available as PDF&lt;/a&gt;), which uses QR codes with
173 URL-like formatting using &quot;bank:&quot; as the URI schema/protocol to
174 provide the payment information. There is also the
175 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ferd-net.de/front_content.php?idcat=231&quot;&gt;ZUGFeRD&lt;/a&gt;
176 file format that perhaps could be transfered using QR codes, but I am
177 not sure if it is done already. Last, in Bolivia there are reports
178 that tax information since november 2014 need to be printed in QR
179 format on invoices. I have not been able to track down a
180 specification for this format, because of my limited language skill
181 sets.&lt;/p&gt;
182 </description>
183 </item>
184
185 <item>
186 <title>MPEG LA on &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot; licensing and non-private use</title>
187 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_on__Internet_Broadcast_AVC_Video__licensing_and_non_private_use.html</link>
188 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_on__Internet_Broadcast_AVC_Video__licensing_and_non_private_use.html</guid>
189 <pubDate>Tue, 7 Jul 2015 09:50:00 +0200</pubDate>
190 <description>&lt;p&gt;After asking the Norwegian Broadcasting Company (NRK)
191 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html&quot;&gt;why
192 they can broadcast and stream H.264 video without an agreement with
193 the MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt;, I was wiser, but still confused. So I asked MPEG LA
194 if their understanding matched that of NRK. As far as I can tell, it
195 does not.&lt;/p&gt;
196
197 &lt;p&gt;I started by asking for more information about the various
198 licensing classes and what exactly is covered by the &quot;Internet
199 Broadcast AVC Video&quot; class that NRK pointed me at to explain why NRK
200 did not need a license for streaming H.264 video:
201
202 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
203
204 &lt;p&gt;According to
205 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf&quot;&gt;a
206 MPEG LA press release dated 2010-02-02&lt;/a&gt;, there is no charge when
207 using MPEG AVC/H.264 according to the terms of &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
208 Video&quot;. I am trying to understand exactly what the terms of &quot;Internet
209 Broadcast AVC Video&quot; is, and wondered if you could help me. What
210 exactly is covered by these terms, and what is not?&lt;/p&gt;
211
212 &lt;p&gt;The only source of more information I have been able to find is a
213 PDF named
214 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf&quot;&gt;AVC
215 Patent Portfolio License Briefing&lt;/a&gt;, which states this about the
216 fees:&lt;/p&gt;
217
218 &lt;ul&gt;
219 &lt;li&gt;Where End User pays for AVC Video
220 &lt;ul&gt;
221 &lt;li&gt;Subscription (not limited by title) – 100,000 or fewer
222 subscribers/yr = no royalty; &amp;gt; 100,000 to 250,000 subscribers/yr =
223 $25,000; &amp;gt;250,000 to 500,000 subscribers/yr = $50,000; &amp;gt;500,000 to
224 1M subscribers/yr = $75,000; &amp;gt;1M subscribers/yr = $100,000&lt;/li&gt;
225
226 &lt;li&gt;Title-by-Title - 12 minutes or less = no royalty; &amp;gt;12 minutes in
227 length = lower of (a) 2% or (b) $0.02 per title&lt;/li&gt;
228 &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
229
230 &lt;li&gt;Where remuneration is from other sources
231 &lt;ul&gt;
232 &lt;li&gt;Free Television - (a) one-time $2,500 per transmission encoder or
233 (b) annual fee starting at $2,500 for &amp;gt; 100,000 HH rising to
234 maximum $10,000 for &amp;gt;1,000,000 HH&lt;/li&gt;
235
236 &lt;li&gt;Internet Broadcast AVC Video (not title-by-title, not subscription)
237 – no royalty for life of the AVC Patent Portfolio License&lt;/li&gt;
238 &lt;/ul&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
239 &lt;/ul&gt;
240
241 &lt;p&gt;Am I correct in assuming that the four categories listed is the
242 categories used when selecting licensing terms, and that &quot;Internet
243 Broadcast AVC Video&quot; is the category for things that do not fall into
244 one of the other three categories? Can you point me to a good source
245 explaining what is ment by &quot;title-by-title&quot; and &quot;Free Television&quot; in
246 the license terms for AVC/H.264?&lt;/p&gt;
247
248 &lt;p&gt;Will a web service providing H.264 encoded video content in a
249 &quot;video on demand&quot; fashing similar to Youtube and Vimeo, where no
250 subscription is required and no payment is required from end users to
251 get access to the videos, fall under the terms of the &quot;Internet
252 Broadcast AVC Video&quot;, ie no royalty for life of the AVC Patent
253 Portfolio license? Does it matter if some users are subscribed to get
254 access to personalized services?&lt;/p&gt;
255
256 &lt;p&gt;Note, this request and all answers will be published on the
257 Internet.&lt;/p&gt;
258 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
259
260 &lt;p&gt;The answer came quickly from Benjamin J. Myers, Licensing Associate
261 with the MPEG LA:&lt;/p&gt;
262
263 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
264 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your message and for your interest in MPEG LA. We
265 appreciate hearing from you and I will be happy to assist you.&lt;/p&gt;
266
267 &lt;p&gt;As you are aware, MPEG LA offers our AVC Patent Portfolio License
268 which provides coverage under patents that are essential for use of
269 the AVC/H.264 Standard (MPEG-4 Part 10). Specifically, coverage is
270 provided for end products and video content that make use of AVC/H.264
271 technology. Accordingly, the party offering such end products and
272 video to End Users concludes the AVC License and is responsible for
273 paying the applicable royalties.&lt;/p&gt;
274
275 &lt;p&gt;Regarding Internet Broadcast AVC Video, the AVC License generally
276 defines such content to be video that is distributed to End Users over
277 the Internet free-of-charge. Therefore, if a party offers a service
278 which allows users to upload AVC/H.264 video to its website, and such
279 AVC Video is delivered to End Users for free, then such video would
280 receive coverage under the sublicense for Internet Broadcast AVC
281 Video, which is not subject to any royalties for the life of the AVC
282 License. This would also apply in the scenario where a user creates a
283 free online account in order to receive a customized offering of free
284 AVC Video content. In other words, as long as the End User is given
285 access to or views AVC Video content at no cost to the End User, then
286 no royalties would be payable under our AVC License.&lt;/p&gt;
287
288 &lt;p&gt;On the other hand, if End Users pay for access to AVC Video for a
289 specific period of time (e.g., one month, one year, etc.), then such
290 video would constitute Subscription AVC Video. In cases where AVC
291 Video is delivered to End Users on a pay-per-view basis, then such
292 content would constitute Title-by-Title AVC Video. If a party offers
293 Subscription or Title-by-Title AVC Video to End Users, then they would
294 be responsible for paying the applicable royalties you noted below.&lt;/p&gt;
295
296 &lt;p&gt;Finally, in the case where AVC Video is distributed for free
297 through an &quot;over-the-air, satellite and/or cable transmission&quot;, then
298 such content would constitute Free Television AVC Video and would be
299 subject to the applicable royalties.&lt;/p&gt;
300
301 &lt;p&gt;For your reference, I have attached
302 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2015-07-07-mpegla.pdf&quot;&gt;a
303 .pdf copy of the AVC License&lt;/a&gt;. You will find the relevant
304 sublicense information regarding AVC Video in Sections 2.2 through
305 2.5, and the corresponding royalties in Section 3.1.2 through 3.1.4.
306 You will also find the definitions of Title-by-Title AVC Video,
307 Subscription AVC Video, Free Television AVC Video, and Internet
308 Broadcast AVC Video in Section 1 of the License. Please note that the
309 electronic copy is provided for informational purposes only and cannot
310 be used for execution.&lt;/p&gt;
311
312 &lt;p&gt;I hope the above information is helpful. If you have additional
313 questions or need further assistance with the AVC License, please feel
314 free to contact me directly.&lt;/p&gt;
315 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
316
317 &lt;p&gt;Having a fresh copy of the license text was useful, and knowing
318 that the definition of Title-by-Title required payment per title made
319 me aware that my earlier understanding of that phrase had been wrong.
320 But I still had a few questions:&lt;/p&gt;
321
322 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
323 &lt;p&gt;I have a small followup question. Would it be possible for me to get
324 a license with MPEG LA even if there are no royalties to be paid? The
325 reason I ask, is that some video related products have a copyright
326 clause limiting their use without a license with MPEG LA. The clauses
327 typically look similar to this:
328
329 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
330 This product is licensed under the AVC patent portfolio license for
331 the personal and non-commercial use of a consumer to (a) encode
332 video in compliance with the AVC standard (&quot;AVC video&quot;) and/or (b)
333 decode AVC video that was encoded by a consumer engaged in a
334 personal and non-commercial activity and/or AVC video that was
335 obtained from a video provider licensed to provide AVC video. No
336 license is granted or shall be implied for any other use. additional
337 information may be obtained from MPEG LA L.L.C.
338 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
339
340 &lt;p&gt;It is unclear to me if this clause mean that I need to enter into
341 an agreement with MPEG LA to use the product in question, even if
342 there are no royalties to be paid to MPEG LA. I suspect it will
343 differ depending on the jurisdiction, and mine is Norway. What is
344 MPEG LAs view on this?&lt;/p&gt;
345 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
346
347 &lt;p&gt;According to the answer, MPEG LA believe those using such tools for
348 non-personal or commercial use need a license with them:&lt;/p&gt;
349
350 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
351
352 &lt;p&gt;With regard to the Notice to Customers, I would like to begin by
353 clarifying that the Notice from Section 7.1 of the AVC License
354 reads:&lt;/p&gt;
355
356 &lt;p&gt;THIS PRODUCT IS LICENSED UNDER THE AVC PATENT PORTFOLIO LICENSE FOR
357 THE PERSONAL USE OF A CONSUMER OR OTHER USES IN WHICH IT DOES NOT
358 RECEIVE REMUNERATION TO (i) ENCODE VIDEO IN COMPLIANCE WITH THE AVC
359 STANDARD (&quot;AVC VIDEO&quot;) AND/OR (ii) DECODE AVC VIDEO THAT WAS ENCODED
360 BY A CONSUMER ENGAGED IN A PERSONAL ACTIVITY AND/OR WAS OBTAINED FROM
361 A VIDEO PROVIDER LICENSED TO PROVIDE AVC VIDEO. NO LICENSE IS GRANTED
362 OR SHALL BE IMPLIED FOR ANY OTHER USE. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION MAY BE
363 OBTAINED FROM MPEG LA, L.L.C. SEE HTTP://WWW.MPEGLA.COM&lt;/p&gt;
364
365 &lt;p&gt;The Notice to Customers is intended to inform End Users of the
366 personal usage rights (for example, to watch video content) included
367 with the product they purchased, and to encourage any party using the
368 product for commercial purposes to contact MPEG LA in order to become
369 licensed for such use (for example, when they use an AVC Product to
370 deliver Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free Television or Internet
371 Broadcast AVC Video to End Users, or to re-Sell a third party&#39;s AVC
372 Product as their own branded AVC Product).&lt;/p&gt;
373
374 &lt;p&gt;Therefore, if a party is to be licensed for its use of an AVC
375 Product to Sell AVC Video on a Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free
376 Television or Internet Broadcast basis, that party would need to
377 conclude the AVC License, even in the case where no royalties were
378 payable under the License. On the other hand, if that party (either a
379 Consumer or business customer) simply uses an AVC Product for their
380 own internal purposes and not for the commercial purposes referenced
381 above, then such use would be included in the royalty paid for the AVC
382 Products by the licensed supplier.&lt;/p&gt;
383
384 &lt;p&gt;Finally, I note that our AVC License provides worldwide coverage in
385 countries that have AVC Patent Portfolio Patents, including
386 Norway.&lt;/p&gt;
387
388 &lt;p&gt;I hope this clarification is helpful. If I may be of any further
389 assistance, just let me know.&lt;/p&gt;
390 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
391
392 &lt;p&gt;The mentioning of Norwegian patents made me a bit confused, so I
393 asked for more information:&lt;/p&gt;
394
395 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
396
397 &lt;p&gt;But one minor question at the end. If I understand you correctly,
398 you state in the quote above that there are patents in the AVC Patent
399 Portfolio that are valid in Norway. This make me believe I read the
400 list available from &amp;lt;URL:
401 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/PatentList.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/PatentList.aspx&lt;/a&gt;
402 &amp;gt; incorrectly, as I believed the &quot;NO&quot; prefix in front of patents
403 were Norwegian patents, and the only one I could find under Mitsubishi
404 Electric Corporation expired in 2012. Which patents are you referring
405 to that are relevant for Norway?&lt;/p&gt;
406
407 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
408
409 &lt;p&gt;Again, the quick answer explained how to read the list of patents
410 in that list:&lt;/p&gt;
411
412 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
413
414 &lt;p&gt;Your understanding is correct that the last AVC Patent Portfolio
415 Patent in Norway expired on 21 October 2012. Therefore, where AVC
416 Video is both made and Sold in Norway after that date, then no
417 royalties would be payable for such AVC Video under the AVC License.
418 With that said, our AVC License provides historic coverage for AVC
419 Products and AVC Video that may have been manufactured or Sold before
420 the last Norwegian AVC patent expired. I would also like to clarify
421 that coverage is provided for the country of manufacture and the
422 country of Sale that has active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents.&lt;/p&gt;
423
424 &lt;p&gt;Therefore, if a party offers AVC Products or AVC Video for Sale in
425 a country with active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents (for example,
426 Sweden, Denmark, Finland, etc.), then that party would still need
427 coverage under the AVC License even if such products or video are
428 initially made in a country without active AVC Patent Portfolio
429 Patents (for example, Norway). Similarly, a party would need to
430 conclude the AVC License if they make AVC Products or AVC Video in a
431 country with active AVC Patent Portfolio Patents, but eventually Sell
432 such AVC Products or AVC Video in a country without active AVC Patent
433 Portfolio Patents.&lt;/p&gt;
434 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
435
436 &lt;p&gt;As far as I understand it, MPEG LA believe anyone using Adobe
437 Premiere and other video related software with a H.264 distribution
438 license need a license agreement with MPEG LA to use such tools for
439 anything non-private or commercial, while it is OK to set up a
440 Youtube-like service as long as no-one pays to get access to the
441 content. I still have no clear idea how this applies to Norway, where
442 none of the patents MPEG LA is licensing are valid. Will the
443 copyright terms take precedence or can those terms be ignored because
444 the patents are not valid in Norway?&lt;/p&gt;
445 </description>
446 </item>
447
448 <item>
449 <title>Hva gjør at NRK kan distribuere H.264-video uten patentavtale med MPEG LA?</title>
450 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html</link>
451 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_gj_r_at_NRK_kan_distribuere_H_264_video_uten_patentavtale_med_MPEG_LA_.html</guid>
452 <pubDate>Wed, 10 Jun 2015 15:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
453 <description>&lt;p&gt;Helt siden jeg i 2012 fikk beskjed fra MPEG LA om at
454 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_mener_NRK_m__ha_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html&quot;&gt;NRK
455 trengte patentavtale med dem&lt;/a&gt; hvis de distribuerte H.264-video til
456 sluttbrukere, har jeg lurt på hva som gjør at NRK ikke har slik
457 avtale. For noen dager siden fikk jeg endelig gjort noe med min
458 undring, og sendte 2015-05-28 følgende epost til info (at) nrk.no med
459 tittel &quot;Hva gjør at NRK kan distribuere H.264-video uten patentavtale
460 med MPEG LA?&quot;:&lt;/p&gt;
461
462 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
463 &lt;p&gt;Jeg lurer på en ting rundt NRKs bruk av H.264-video på sine
464 websider samt distribusjon via RiksTV og kabel-TV. Har NRK vurdert om
465 det er behov for en patentavtale med
466 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/&quot;&gt;MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt; slik det står i
467 programvarelisensene til blant annet Apple Final Cut Studio, Adobe
468 Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X?&lt;/p&gt;
469
470 &lt;p&gt;Hvis dere har vurdert dette, hva var utfallet av en slik vurdering?&lt;/p&gt;
471
472 &lt;p&gt;Hvis dere ikke har vurdert dette, har NRK planer om å vurdere behovet
473 for patentavtale?&lt;/p&gt;
474
475 &lt;p&gt;I følge en artikkel på
476 &lt;a href=&quot;https://nrkbeta.no/2012/02/01/siste-kutt-for-final-cut/&quot;&gt;NRK
477 Beta i 2012&lt;/a&gt; har NRK brukt eller testet både Apple Final Cut
478 Studio, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X til bruk
479 for å redigere video før sending. Alle disse har bruksvilkår
480 understøttet av opphavsretten som sier at de kun kan brukes til å lage
481 filmer til personlig og ikke-kommersiell bruk - med mindre en har en
482 lisensavtale med MPEG LA om bruk av patenter utstedt i USA for H.264.
483 Se f.eks. &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.avid.com/static/resources/common/documents/corporate/LICENSE.pdf&quot;&gt;bruksvilkårene for Avid&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;a href=&quot;http://news.cnet.com/8301-30685_3-20000101-264.html&quot;&gt;Adobe Premiere&lt;/a&gt; og &lt;a href=&quot;http://images.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/finalcutstudio2.pdf&quot;&gt;Apple Final
484 Cut Studio&lt;/a&gt; og søk etter &quot;MPEG LA&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
485
486 &lt;p&gt;Dette får meg til å lure på om det er brudd på opphavsretten å bruke
487 disse verktøyene i strid med bruksvilkårene uten patentavtale med MPEG
488 LA. Men NRK bruker jo tilsynelatende disse verktøyene uten patentavtale
489 med MPEG LA.&lt;/p&gt;
490
491 &lt;p&gt;I følge forfatteren av Open Broadcast Encoder finnes det to typer
492 H.264-relaterte avtaler en kan få med MPEG LA. Det er én for å lage
493 programvare og utstyr som produserer H.264-video, og en annen for å
494 kringkaste video som bruker H.264. Dette forteller meg at selv om
495 produsentene av utstyr og programvare som NRK bruker har en slik avtale
496 med MPEG LA, så trenges det en egen avtale for å kringkaste video på det
497 formatet.&lt;/p&gt;
498
499 &lt;p&gt;I følge Ryan Rodriguez hos MPEG LA, da jeg spurte ham på epost i
500 juni 2012, har NRK ikke en slik avtale med MPEG LA. Han sa videre at
501 NRK trenger en slik avtale hvis NRK tilbyr H.264-kodet video til
502 sluttbrukere. Jeg sjekket listen med
503 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Licensees.aspx&quot;&gt;organisasjoner
504 med avtale med MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt; og NRK står fortsatt ikke der.&lt;/p&gt;
505
506 &lt;p&gt;Jeg lurer dermed på hva som gjør at NRK kan bruke de overnevnte
507 videoredigeringsverktøyene, som tilsynelatende har krav om avtale med
508 MPEG LA for å kunne brukes slik NRK bruker dem, til å lage videofiler
509 for distribusjon uten å ha en avtale med MPEG LA om distribusjon av
510 H.264-video? Dette er spesielt interessant å vite for oss andre som
511 også vurderer å spre H.264-video etter å ha redigert dem med disse mye
512 brukte videoredigeringsverktøyene.&lt;/p&gt;
513 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
514
515 &lt;p&gt;Samme dag fikk jeg automatisk svar om at min henvendelse hadde fått
516 saksid 1294699. Jeg fikk deretter følgende respons fra NRK
517 2015-06-09:&lt;/p&gt;
518
519 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
520 &lt;p&gt;Hei, beklager lang svartid, men det tok litt tid å finne ut hvem som kunne
521 svare på dette.&lt;/p&gt;
522
523 &lt;p&gt;For selskaper som leverer h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett (f.eks
524 NRKs nett- tv utgaver som bruker h.264) - og som leverer slike
525 tjenester uten betaling fra forbrukere – er det heller ikke påkrevd
526 noen patentavtale.&lt;/p&gt;
527
528 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&quot;&gt;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
529
530 &lt;p&gt;Med vennlig hilsen
531 &lt;br&gt;Gunn Helen Berg
532 &lt;br&gt;Informasjonskonsulent, Publikumsservice&lt;/p&gt;
533
534 &lt;p&gt;NRK
535 &lt;br&gt;Strategidivisjonen
536 &lt;Br&gt;Sentralbord: +47 23 04 70 00
537 &lt;br&gt;Post: NRK Publikumsservice, 8608 Mo i Rana
538 &lt;br&gt;nrk.no / info (at) nrk.no&lt;/p&gt;
539 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
540
541 Da dette ikke helt var svar på det jeg lurte på, sendte jeg samme dag
542 oppfølgerepost tilbake:
543
544 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
545 &lt;p&gt;[Gunn Helen Berg]
546 &lt;br&gt;&gt; Hei, beklager lang svartid, men det tok litt tid å finne ut hvem som
547 &lt;br&gt;&gt; kunne svare på dette.&lt;/p&gt;
548
549 &lt;p&gt;Takk for svar. Men det besvarte ikke helt det jeg spurte om.&lt;/p&gt;
550
551 &lt;p&gt;&gt; For selskaper som leverer h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett (f.eks NRKs
552 &lt;br&gt;&gt; nett- tv utgaver som bruker h.264) - og som leverer slike tjenester
553 &lt;br&gt;&gt; uten betaling fra forbrukere – er det heller ikke påkrevd noen
554 &lt;br&gt;&gt; patentavtale.
555 &lt;br&gt;&gt;
556 &lt;br&gt;&gt; http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&lt;/p&gt;
557
558 &lt;p&gt;Spørsmålet er ikke kun om MPEG LA krever patentavtale eller ikke
559 (hvilket ikke helt besvares av pressemeldingen omtalt over, gitt at
560 pressemeldingen kom i 2010, to år før MPEG LA ansvarlige for
561 internasjonal lisensiering egen Ryan Rodriguez fortalte meg på epost
562 at NRK trenger en lisens.&lt;/p&gt;
563
564 &lt;p&gt;Det er uklart fra pressemeldingen hva &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
565 Video&quot; konkret betyr, men i følge en
566 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf&quot;&gt;presentasjon
567 fra MPEG LA med tema &quot;AVC PAtent Portfoli License Briefing&quot; datert
568 2015-05-15&lt;/a&gt; gjelder &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot; kun kringkasting
569 på Internet som ikke tilbyr valg av enkeltinnslag (&quot;not
570 title-by-title&quot;), hvilket jo NRK gjør på sine nettsider. I tillegg
571 kringkaster jo NRK H.264-video også utenom Internet (RiksTV, kabel,
572 satelitt), hvilket helt klart ikke er dekket av vilkårene omtalt i
573 pressemeldingen.&lt;/p&gt;
574
575 &lt;p&gt;Spørsmålet mitt er hvordan NRK kan bruke verktøy med bruksvilkår
576 som krever avtale med MPEG LA for det NRK bruker dem til, når NRK ikke
577 har avtale med MPEG LA. Hvis jeg forsto spørsmålet riktig, så mener
578 NRK at dere ikke trenger avtale med MPEG LA, men uten slik avtale kan
579 dere vel ikke bruke hverken Apple Final Cut Studio, Adobe Premiere
580 Pro, Avid eller Apples Final Cut Pro X for å redigere video før
581 sending?&lt;/p&gt;
582
583 &lt;p&gt;Mine konkrete spørsmål var altså:&lt;/p&gt;
584
585 &lt;ul&gt;
586
587 &lt;li&gt;Hvis NRK har vurdert om det er behov for en patentavtale med MPEG LA
588 slik det er krav om i programvarelisensene til blant annet Apple
589 Final Cut Studio, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Apples Final Cut Pro X,
590 hva var utfallet av en slik vurdering? Kan jeg få kopi av vurderingen
591 hvis den er gjort skriftlig?&lt;/li&gt;
592
593 &lt;li&gt;Hvis NRK ikke har vurdert dette, har NRK planer om å vurdere behovet
594 for patentavtale?&lt;/li&gt;
595
596 &lt;li&gt;Hva slags saksnummer fikk min henvendelse i NRKs offentlige
597 postjournal? Jeg ser at postjournalen ikke er publisert for den
598 aktuelle perioden ennå, så jeg fikk ikke sjekket selv.&lt;/li&gt;
599
600 &lt;/ul&gt;
601 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
602
603 &lt;p&gt;Det hjelper å ha funnet rette vedkommende i NRK, for denne gangen
604 fikk jeg svar tilbake dagen etter (2015-06-10), fra Geir Børdalen i
605 NRK:&lt;/p&gt;
606
607 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
608 &lt;p&gt;Hei Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
609
610 &lt;p&gt;Jeg har sjekket saken med distribusjonssjef for tv, Arild Hellgren
611 (som var teknologidirektør da bakkenettet ble satt opp). NRK v/
612 Hellgren hadde møte med MPEG LA sammen med den europeiske
613 kringkastingsunionen EBU før bakkenettet for TV ble satt opp
614 (igangsatt høsten 2007). I dette møtet ble det avklart at NRK/EBU ikke
615 trengte noen patentavtale for h.264 i forbindelse med oppsett av
616 bakkenettet eller bruk av MPEG4 h.264 som kompresjonsalgoritme fordi
617 tjenesten «in full»(nor: helt) var betalt av utsendelseselskapene og
618 ikke av forbrukerne.&lt;/p&gt;
619
620 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nrk.no/oppdrag/digitalt-bakkenett-1.3214555&quot;&gt;http://www.nrk.no/oppdrag/digitalt-bakkenett-1.3214555&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
621
622 &lt;p&gt;Det er også klart slått fast at selskaper som leverer video basert
623 på MPEG4 h.264 til sluttbrukere på nett, heller ikke påkrevd noen
624 patentavtale – så lenge de leverer slike tjenester uten betaling fra
625 sluttbrukere.&lt;/p&gt;
626
627 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&quot;&gt;http://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20100825006629/en/MPEG-LA%E2%80%99s-AVC-License-Charge-Royalties-Internet#.VWb2ws_774Y&lt;/a&gt;
628
629 &lt;p&gt;“MPEG LA announced today that its AVC Patent Portfolio License will
630 continue not to charge royalties for Internet Video that is free to
631 end users (known as “Internet Broadcast AVC Video”) during the entire
632 life of this License. MPEG LA previously announced it would not charge
633 royalties for such video through December 31, 2015 (see
634 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.mpegla.com/Lists/MPEG%20LA%20News%20List/Attachments/226/n-10-02-02.pdf&lt;/a&gt;),
635 and today’s announcement makes clear that royalties will continue not
636 to be charged for such video beyond that time. Products and services
637 other than Internet Broadcast AVC Video continue to be
638 royalty-bearing.”&lt;/p&gt;
639
640 &lt;p&gt;Vi har derfor ikke noe behov for å vurdere noen patentavtale med
641 MPEG LA.&lt;/p&gt;
642
643 &lt;p&gt;Understreker for øvrig at NRK ikke er låst til MPEG4 – h.264 som
644 utsendelsesformat – og at vi har brukt og bruker flere andre
645 alternativer i våre tjenester. Ulike «devicer» har ofte behov for
646 forskjellige løsninger – og NRK har forsøkt å levere med best mulig
647 kvalitet /økonomi /stabilitet avhengig av
648 plattform. Produksjonsformater i NRK spenner for øvrig over en rekke
649 forskjellige formater – hvor MPEG4 bare er en av disse. Når NRK kjøper
650 teknisk utstyr er betaling for kodekstøtte ofte en del av
651 anskaffelsesprisen for denne maskinvaren (enten dette er spesialiserte
652 enkodere eller forskjellige typer produksjonsutstyr).&lt;/p&gt;
653
654 &lt;p&gt;Vennlig hilsen
655 &lt;br&gt;Geir Børdalen&lt;/p&gt;
656
657 &lt;p&gt;________________________________________
658 &lt;br&gt;Geir Børdalen
659 &lt;br&gt;Investeringsansvarlig NRK / Hovedprosjektleder - Origo
660 &lt;br&gt;Avdeling for utvikling, innovasjon, investering og eiendom
661 &lt;br&gt;NRK medietjenester
662 &lt;br&gt;Sentralbord: +47 23 04 70 00
663 &lt;br&gt;Post: NRK, AUTV (RBM5), Pb. 8500 Majorstuen, 0340 Oslo
664 &lt;br&gt;nrk.no
665 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
666
667 &lt;p&gt;Et godt og grundig svar, som var informativt om hvordan NRK tenker
668 rundt patentavtale med MPEG LA, men heller ikke helt besvarte det jeg
669 lurte på, så jeg sendte epostoppfølging samme dag.&lt;/p&gt;
670
671 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
672 &lt;p&gt;[Geir Børdalen]
673 &lt;br&gt;&gt; Hei Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
674
675 &lt;p&gt;Hei, og takk for raskt svar. Er min henvendelse journalført slik
676 at den dukker opp i NRKs postjournal?&lt;/p&gt;
677
678 &lt;p&gt;Svaret ditt var meget nyttig, og jeg forstår ut fra det du skriver
679 at avklaringen med MPEG LA rundt H.264-distribusjon via bakkenettet
680 gjelder alle TV-kanaler i Norge. Hvilke saksnummer fikk dokumenter
681 som ble opprettet i forbindelse med det omtalte møtet NRK v/Hellgren
682 og EBU hadde med MPEG LA (dvs. referater, avtaler, etc),
683 f.eks. dokumentet der formuleringen &quot;in full&quot; som du omtaler
684 finnes?&lt;p&gt;
685
686 &lt;p&gt;Men det er et par ting jeg fortsatt ikke forstår. Det ene er
687 hvorfor NRKs forståelse av hva &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot; dekker
688 ser ut til å avvike fra det som presenteres i
689 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/avc/Documents/avcweb.pdf&quot;&gt;lysark
690 fra MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt; i mai, der MPEG LA på lysark med overskriften
691 &quot;AVC/H.264 License Terms Participation Fees&quot; og undertittel &quot;Where
692 remuneration is from other sources&quot; skriver &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
693 Video (not title-by-title, not subscription) – no royalty for life of
694 the AVC Patent Portfolio License&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
695
696 &lt;p&gt;Her leser jeg MPEG LA dithen at det kun er kringkasting uten
697 abonnement via Internet som er dekket at vilkårne omtalt i
698 pressemeldingen, mens jeg forstår deg dithen at NRK mener NRKs
699 nettsider som også har enkeltfilmer og innslag (som jeg forstår dekket
700 av formuleringen &quot;title-by-title&quot;) dekkes av &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC
701 Video&quot; fra MPEG LA. Hva baserer dere denne tolkningen på? Jeg har
702 ikke sett noe skriftlig fra MPEG LA som støtter NRKs tolkning, og
703 lurer på om dere har andre kilder enn den pressemeldingen fra 5 år
704 tilbake, der NRKS forståelse av hva &quot;Internet Broadcast AVC Video&quot;
705 dekker er beskrevet?&lt;/p&gt;
706
707 &lt;p&gt;Det andre er at eposten din ikke nevnte spørsmålet mitt om
708 bruksvilkårene til videoredigeringsverktøyene som NRK bruker. Disse
709 har som tidligere nevnt krav om at de kun skal brukes til private og
710 ikke-kommersielle formål med mindre en har avtale med MPEG LA, og uten
711 avtale med MPEG LA kan det jo virke som om NRK bruker verktøyene i
712 strid med bruksvilkårene. Hva gjør at disse bruksvilkårene ikke
713 gjelder for NRK?&lt;/p&gt;
714 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
715
716 &lt;p&gt;Noen minutter senere får jeg foreløpig siste svar i
717 føljetongen:&lt;/p&gt;
718
719 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
720 &lt;p&gt;Hei igjen&lt;/p&gt;
721
722 &lt;p&gt;Vårt dokumentarkiv har fått en kopi (journalføringsnr kan jeg
723 dessverre ikke gi deg).&lt;p&gt;
724
725 &lt;p&gt;&gt; Svaret ditt var meget nyttig, og jeg forstår ut fra det du
726 &lt;br&gt;&gt; skriver at avklaringen med MPEG LA rundt H.264-distribusjon via
727 &lt;br&gt;&gt; bakkenettet gjelder alle TV-kanaler i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;
728
729 &lt;p&gt;Svar: Kan ikke svare for andre enn for NRK/EBU - og for bakkenettet
730 i Norge er det kun NRK som er et lisensbasert selskap. Kan ikke gi noe
731 svar på saksnr på dokumenter eller ytterligere informasjon da jeg selv
732 ikke var del i dette.&lt;/p&gt;
733
734 &lt;p&gt;&gt; Men det er et par ting jeg fortsatt ikke forstår. ...&lt;/p&gt;
735
736 &lt;p&gt;Svar: Kan ikke gå ytterligere inn i dette fra min side og mitt
737 fagfelt som er produksjon/publisering og systemstrukturene bak
738 disse. For øvrig ligger det etter vår formening ingen begrensninger
739 for NRK i mulighetene til publisering mht til kodek i
740 produksjonssystemer. Som tidligere skrevet mener vi at NRK ikke
741 trenger noen avtale med MPEG LA og støtter oss til det vi allerede har
742 kommunisert i forrige epost.&lt;/p&gt;
743
744 &lt;p&gt;Mvh
745 &lt;br&gt;Geir Børdalen&lt;/p&gt;
746 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
747
748 &lt;p&gt;Det syntes vanskelig å komme videre når NRK ikke ønsker å gå inn i
749 problemstillingen rundt bruksvilkårene til videoredigeringsverktøyene
750 NRK bruker, så jeg sendte takk for svarene og avsluttet utvekslingen
751 så langt:&lt;/p&gt;
752
753 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
754 &lt;p&gt;Tusen takk for rask respons, og oppklarende forklaring om hvordan
755 NRK tenker rundt MPEG LA.&lt;/p&gt;
756
757 &lt;p&gt;Jeg vil høre med NRK-arkivet for å se om de kan spore opp de
758 omtalte dokumentene. Jeg setter pris på om du kan dele titler, dato
759 eller annen informasjon som kan gjøre det enklere for arkivet å finne
760 dem.&lt;/p&gt;
761
762 &lt;p&gt;Når det gjelder hvordan bruksvilkårene til
763 videoredigeringsverktøyene skal tolkes, så skal jeg høre med MPEG LA
764 og produsentene av verktøyene for å forsøke å få klarhet i hva de
765 mener er rikgig rettstilstand.&lt;/p&gt;
766 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
767
768 &lt;p&gt;Jeg ble litt klokere, men fortsatt er det uklart for meg hva som er
769 grunnlaget til NRK for å se bort fra bruksvilkår i
770 videoredigeringsprogramvare som krever MPEG LA-avtale til alt annet
771 enn privat og ikke-kommersiell bruk.&lt;/p&gt;
772 </description>
773 </item>
774
775 <item>
776 <title>Hvordan vurderer regjeringen H.264-patentutfordringen?</title>
777 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_vurderer_regjeringen_H_264_patentutfordringen_.html</link>
778 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvordan_vurderer_regjeringen_H_264_patentutfordringen_.html</guid>
779 <pubDate>Sun, 16 Nov 2014 10:30:00 +0100</pubDate>
780 <description>&lt;p&gt;For en stund tilbake spurte jeg Fornyingsdepartementet om hvilke
781 juridiske vurderinger rundt patentproblemstillingen som var gjort da
782 H.264 ble tatt inn i &lt;a href=&quot;http://standard.difi.no/&quot;&gt;statens
783 referansekatalog over standarder&lt;/a&gt;. Stig Hornnes i FAD tipset meg
784 om følgende som står i oppsumeringen til høringen om
785 referansekatalogen versjon 2.0, som jeg siden ved hjelp av en
786 innsynsforespørsel fikk tak i
787 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/200901-standardkatalog-v2?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=kongelig-resolusjon.pdf&quot;&gt;PDF-utgaven av&lt;/a&gt;
788 datert 2009-06-03 (saksnummer 200803291, saksbehandler Henrik
789 Linnestad).&lt;/p&gt;
790
791 &lt;p&gt;Der står det følgende om problemstillingen:&lt;/p&gt;
792
793 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
794 &lt;strong&gt;4.4 Patentproblematikk&lt;/strong&gt;
795
796 &lt;p&gt;NUUG og Opera ser det som særlig viktig at forslagene knyttet til
797 lyd og video baserer seg på de royalty-frie standardene Vorbis, Theora
798 og FLAC.&lt;/p&gt;
799
800 &lt;p&gt;Kommentarene relaterer seg til at enkelte standarder er åpne, men
801 inneholder tekniske prosedyrer som det i USA (og noen andre land som
802 Japan) er gitt patentrettigheter til. I vårt tilfelle berører dette
803 spesielt standardene Mp3 og H.264, selv om Politidirektoratet peker på
804 at det muligens kan være tilsvarende problematikk også for Theora og
805 Vorbis. Dette medfører at det i USA kan kreves royalties for bruk av
806 tekniske løsninger knyttet til standardene, et krav som også
807 håndheves. Patenter kan imidlertid bare hevdes i de landene hvor
808 patentet er gitt, så amerikanske patenter gjelder ikke andre steder
809 enn USA.&lt;/p&gt;
810
811 &lt;p&gt;Spesielt for utvikling av fri programvare er patenter
812 problematisk. GPL, en &quot;grunnleggende&quot; lisens for distribusjon av fri
813 programvare, avviser at programvare kan distribueres under denne
814 lisensen hvis det inneholder referanser til patenterte rutiner som
815 utløser krav om royalties. Det er imidlertid uproblematisk å
816 distribuere fri programvareløsninger under GPL som benytter de
817 aktuelle standardene innen eller mellom land som ikke anerkjenner
818 patentene. Derfor finner vi også flere implementeringer av Mp3 og
819 H.264 som er fri programvare, lisensiert under GPL.&lt;/p&gt;
820
821 &lt;p&gt;I Norge og EU er patentlovgivningen langt mer restriktiv enn i USA,
822 men det er også her mulig å få patentert metoder for løsning av et
823 problem som relaterer seg til databehandling. Det er AIF bekjent ikke
824 relevante patenter i EU eller Norge hva gjelder H.264 og Mp3, men
825 muligheten for at det finnes patenter uten at det er gjort krav om
826 royalties eller at det senere vil gis slike patenter kan ikke helt
827 avvises.&lt;/p&gt;
828
829 &lt;p&gt;AIF mener det er et behov for å gi offentlige virksomheter mulighet
830 til å benytte antatt royaltyfrie åpne standarder som et likeverdig
831 alternativ eller i tillegg til de markedsledende åpne standardene.&lt;/p&gt;
832
833 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
834
835 &lt;p&gt;Det ser dermed ikke ut til at de har vurdert patentspørsmålet i
836 sammenheng med opphavsrettsvilkår slik de er formulert for f.eks.
837 Apple Final Cut Pro, Adobe Premiere Pro, Avid og Sorenson-verktøyene,
838 der det kreves brukstillatelse for patenter som ikke er gyldige i
839 Norge for å bruke disse verktøyene til annet en personlig og ikke
840 kommersiell aktivitet når det gjelder H.264-video. Jeg må nok lete
841 videre etter svar på det spørsmålet.&lt;/p&gt;
842 </description>
843 </item>
844
845 <item>
846 <title>Do you need an agreement with MPEG-LA to publish and broadcast H.264 video in Norway?</title>
847 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Do_you_need_an_agreement_with_MPEG_LA_to_publish_and_broadcast_H_264_video_in_Norway_.html</link>
848 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Do_you_need_an_agreement_with_MPEG_LA_to_publish_and_broadcast_H_264_video_in_Norway_.html</guid>
849 <pubDate>Mon, 25 Aug 2014 22:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
850 <description>&lt;p&gt;Two years later, I am still not sure if it is legal here in Norway
851 to use or publish a video in H.264 or MPEG4 format edited by the
852 commercially licensed video editors, without limiting the use to
853 create &quot;personal&quot; or &quot;non-commercial&quot; videos or get a license
854 agreement with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com&quot;&gt;MPEG LA&lt;/a&gt;. If one
855 want to publish and broadcast video in a non-personal or commercial
856 setting, it might be that those tools can not be used, or that video
857 format can not be used, without breaking their copyright license. I
858 am not sure.
859 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html&quot;&gt;Back
860 then&lt;/a&gt;, I found that the copyright license terms for Adobe Premiere
861 and Apple Final Cut Pro both specified that one could not use the
862 program to produce anything else without a patent license from MPEG
863 LA. The issue is not limited to those two products, though. Other
864 much used products like those from Avid and Sorenson Media have terms
865 of use are similar to those from Adobe and Apple. The complicating
866 factor making me unsure if those terms have effect in Norway or not is
867 that the patents in question are not valid in Norway, but copyright
868 licenses are.&lt;/p&gt;
869
870 &lt;p&gt;These are the terms for Avid Artist Suite, according to their
871 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.avid.com/US/about-avid/legal-notices/legal-enduserlicense2&quot;&gt;published
872 end user&lt;/a&gt;
873 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.avid.com/static/resources/common/documents/corporate/LICENSE.pdf&quot;&gt;license
874 text&lt;/a&gt; (converted to lower case text for easier reading):&lt;/p&gt;
875
876 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
877 &lt;p&gt;18.2. MPEG-4. MPEG-4 technology may be included with the
878 software. MPEG LA, L.L.C. requires this notice: &lt;/p&gt;
879
880 &lt;p&gt;This product is licensed under the MPEG-4 visual patent portfolio
881 license for the personal and non-commercial use of a consumer for (i)
882 encoding video in compliance with the MPEG-4 visual standard (“MPEG-4
883 video”) and/or (ii) decoding MPEG-4 video that was encoded by a
884 consumer engaged in a personal and non-commercial activity and/or was
885 obtained from a video provider licensed by MPEG LA to provide MPEG-4
886 video. No license is granted or shall be implied for any other
887 use. Additional information including that relating to promotional,
888 internal and commercial uses and licensing may be obtained from MPEG
889 LA, LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com. This product is licensed under
890 the MPEG-4 systems patent portfolio license for encoding in compliance
891 with the MPEG-4 systems standard, except that an additional license
892 and payment of royalties are necessary for encoding in connection with
893 (i) data stored or replicated in physical media which is paid for on a
894 title by title basis and/or (ii) data which is paid for on a title by
895 title basis and is transmitted to an end user for permanent storage
896 and/or use, such additional license may be obtained from MPEG LA,
897 LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com for additional details.&lt;/p&gt;
898
899 &lt;p&gt;18.3. H.264/AVC. H.264/AVC technology may be included with the
900 software. MPEG LA, L.L.C. requires this notice:&lt;/p&gt;
901
902 &lt;p&gt;This product is licensed under the AVC patent portfolio license for
903 the personal use of a consumer or other uses in which it does not
904 receive remuneration to (i) encode video in compliance with the AVC
905 standard (“AVC video”) and/or (ii) decode AVC video that was encoded
906 by a consumer engaged in a personal activity and/or was obtained from
907 a video provider licensed to provide AVC video. No license is granted
908 or shall be implied for any other use. Additional information may be
909 obtained from MPEG LA, L.L.C. See http://www.mpegla.com.&lt;/p&gt;
910 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
911
912 &lt;p&gt;Note the requirement that the videos created can only be used for
913 personal or non-commercial purposes.&lt;/p&gt;
914
915 &lt;p&gt;The Sorenson Media software have
916 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sorensonmedia.com/terms/&quot;&gt;similar terms&lt;/a&gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
917
918 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
919
920 &lt;p&gt;With respect to a license from Sorenson pertaining to MPEG-4 Video
921 Decoders and/or Encoders: Any such product is licensed under the
922 MPEG-4 visual patent portfolio license for the personal and
923 non-commercial use of a consumer for (i) encoding video in compliance
924 with the MPEG-4 visual standard (“MPEG-4 video”) and/or (ii) decoding
925 MPEG-4 video that was encoded by a consumer engaged in a personal and
926 non-commercial activity and/or was obtained from a video provider
927 licensed by MPEG LA to provide MPEG-4 video. No license is granted or
928 shall be implied for any other use. Additional information including
929 that relating to promotional, internal and commercial uses and
930 licensing may be obtained from MPEG LA, LLC. See
931 http://www.mpegla.com.&lt;/p&gt;
932
933 &lt;p&gt;With respect to a license from Sorenson pertaining to MPEG-4
934 Consumer Recorded Data Encoder, MPEG-4 Systems Internet Data Encoder,
935 MPEG-4 Mobile Data Encoder, and/or MPEG-4 Unique Use Encoder: Any such
936 product is licensed under the MPEG-4 systems patent portfolio license
937 for encoding in compliance with the MPEG-4 systems standard, except
938 that an additional license and payment of royalties are necessary for
939 encoding in connection with (i) data stored or replicated in physical
940 media which is paid for on a title by title basis and/or (ii) data
941 which is paid for on a title by title basis and is transmitted to an
942 end user for permanent storage and/or use. Such additional license may
943 be obtained from MPEG LA, LLC. See http://www.mpegla.com for
944 additional details.&lt;/p&gt;
945
946 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
947
948 &lt;p&gt;Some free software like
949 &lt;a href=&quot;https://handbrake.fr/&quot;&gt;Handbrake&lt;/A&gt; and
950 &lt;a href=&quot;http://ffmpeg.org/&quot;&gt;FFMPEG&lt;/a&gt; uses GPL/LGPL licenses and do
951 not have any such terms included, so for those, there is no
952 requirement to limit the use to personal and non-commercial.&lt;/p&gt;
953 </description>
954 </item>
955
956 <item>
957 <title>Hvor godt fungerer Linux-klienter mot MS Exchange?</title>
958 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvor_godt_fungerer_Linux_klienter_mot_MS_Exchange_.html</link>
959 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvor_godt_fungerer_Linux_klienter_mot_MS_Exchange_.html</guid>
960 <pubDate>Tue, 26 Nov 2013 18:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
961 <description>&lt;p&gt;Jeg
962 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_pent_m_te_p__onsdag_om_bruken_av_Microsoft_Exchange_ved_Universitetet_i_Oslo.html&quot;&gt;skrev
963 i juni om protestene&lt;/a&gt; på planene til min arbeidsplass,
964 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uio.no/&quot;&gt;Universitetet i Oslo&lt;/a&gt;, om å gå bort fra
965 fri programvare- og åpne standardløsninger for å håndtere epost,
966 vekk fra IETF-standarden SIEVE for filtrering av epost og over til
967 godseide spesifikasjoner og epostsystemet Microsoft Exchange.
968 Protestene har fått litt ny omtale i media de siste dagene, i tillegg
969 til de oppslagene som kom i mai.&lt;/p&gt;
970
971 &lt;ul&gt;
972
973 &lt;li&gt;2013-11-26 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.version2.dk/artikel/gigantisk-outlook-konvertering-moeder-protester-paa-universitet-55147&quot;&gt;Gigantisk Outlook-konvertering møder protester på universitet&lt;/a&gt; - versjon2.dk&lt;/li&gt;
974
975 &lt;li&gt;2013-11-25
976 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article279407.ece&quot;&gt;Microsoft-protest
977 på Universitetet&lt;/a&gt; - Computerworld&lt;/li&gt;
978
979 &lt;li&gt;2013-11-25
980 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2013/11/uio-bor-bruke-apen-programvare.html&quot;&gt;Kjemper
981 mot innføring av Microsoft Exchange på UiO&lt;/a&gt; - Uniforum&lt;/li&gt;
982
983 &lt;li&gt;2013-11-25
984 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2013/11/uio-utsetter-innforing-av-nytt-e-postsystem.html&quot;&gt;Utsetter
985 innføring av nytt e-postsystem&lt;/a&gt; - Uniforum&lt;/li&gt;
986
987 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-29
988 &lt;a href=&quot;http://universitas.no/nyhet/58462/forsvarer-nytt-it-system&quot;&gt;Forsvarer
989 nytt IT-system&lt;/a&gt; - Universitas&lt;/li&gt;
990
991 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-23
992 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2013/05/uio-innforer-nytt-epost-og-kalendersystem.html&quot;&gt;UiO
993 innfører nytt epost- og kalenderverktøy&lt;/a&gt; - Uniforum&lt;/li&gt;
994
995 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-22
996 &lt;a href=&quot;http://universitas.no/nyhet/58424/protestgruppe-vil-stanse-it-system&quot;&gt;Protestgruppe
997 vil stanse IT-system&lt;/a&gt; - Universitas&lt;/li&gt;
998
999 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-15
1000 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/leserbrev/2013/uio-ma-ha-kontroll-over-sitt-eget-epostsystem.html&quot;&gt;UiO
1001 må ha kontroll over sitt eget epostsystem&lt;/a&gt; - Uniforum&lt;/li&gt;
1002
1003 &lt;/ul&gt;
1004
1005 &lt;p&gt;Prosjektledelsen har fortalt at dette skal fungere like godt for
1006 Linux-brukere som for brukere av Microsoft Windows og Apple MacOSX,
1007 men jeg lurer på hva slags erfaringer Linux-brukere i eksisterende
1008 miljøer som bruker MS Exchange har gjort. Hvis du har slik erfaring
1009 hadet det vært veldig fint om du kan send et leserbrev til
1010 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/&quot;&gt;Uniforum&lt;/a&gt; og fortelle om hvor
1011 greit det er å bruke Exchange i kryss-platform-miljøer? De jeg har
1012 snakket med sier en greit får lest e-posten sin hvis Exchange har
1013 slått på IMAP-funksjonalitet, men at kalender og møtebooking ikke
1014 fungerer godt for Linux-klienter. Jeg har ingen personlig erfaring å
1015 komme med, så jeg er nysgjerrig på hva andre kan dele av erfaringer
1016 med universitetet.&lt;/p&gt;
1017
1018 &lt;p&gt;Mitt ankerpunkt mot å bytte ut fri programvare som fungerer godt
1019 med godseid programvare er at en mister kontroll over egen
1020 infrastruktur, låser seg inn i en løsning det vil bli dyrt å komme ut
1021 av, uten at en får funksjonalitet en ikke kunne skaffet seg med fri
1022 programvare, eventuelt videreutviklet med de pengene som brukes på
1023 overgangen til MS Exchange. Personlig planlegger jeg å fortsette å
1024 laste ned all eposten min til lokal maskin for indeksering og lesing
1025 med &lt;a href==&quot;http://notmuchmail.org&quot;&gt;notmuch&lt;/a&gt;, så jeg håper jeg
1026 ikke blir veldig skadelidende av overgangen.&lt;/p&gt;
1027
1028 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://dinis.linguateca.pt/Diana/ImotMSUiO.html&quot;&gt;Underskriftslista
1029 for oss som er mot endringen&lt;/a&gt;, som omtales i artiklene, er fortsatt
1030 åpen for de som vil signere på oppropet. Akkurat nå er det 298
1031 personer som har signert.&lt;/p&gt;
1032 </description>
1033 </item>
1034
1035 <item>
1036 <title>Åpent møte på onsdag om bruken av Microsoft Exchange ved Universitetet i Oslo</title>
1037 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_pent_m_te_p__onsdag_om_bruken_av_Microsoft_Exchange_ved_Universitetet_i_Oslo.html</link>
1038 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_pent_m_te_p__onsdag_om_bruken_av_Microsoft_Exchange_ved_Universitetet_i_Oslo.html</guid>
1039 <pubDate>Mon, 3 Jun 2013 14:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
1040 <description>&lt;p&gt;Jeg jobber til daglig ved &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uio.no/&quot;&gt;Universitetet
1041 i Oslo&lt;/a&gt;, en institusjon som lenge har vektlagt verdien av åpne
1042 standarder og fri programvare. Men noe har endret seg, og for en
1043 liten stund tilbake annonserte USIT at dagens fungerende e-postsystemet
1044 basert på fri programvare skulle byttes ut med Microsoft Exchange og
1045 at Microsoft Outlook skulle bli den best fungerende men antagelig ikke
1046 eneste støttede e-postklienten. Annonseringen har ført til flere
1047 protester og &lt;a href=&quot;http://folk.uio.no/dssantos/nooutlookatuio/&quot;&gt;en
1048 underskriftskampanje&lt;/a&gt;, initiert av Diana Santos, der så langt 253
1049 personer har signert. Prosjektet
1050 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usit.uio.no/prosjekter/nike/&quot;&gt;NIKE (Ny integrert
1051 kalender/e-post)&lt;/a&gt; ble initiert for å se på mulige løsninger med
1052 utgangspunkt i at en kombinert epost/kalenderløsning var påkrevd, og
1053 prosjektet
1054 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usit.uio.no/prosjekter/nike-implementasjon/&quot;&gt;NIKE-implementasjon&lt;/a&gt;
1055 er igang med å rulle ut MS Exchange ved Universitetet i Oslo.&lt;/p&gt;
1056
1057 &lt;p&gt;For kun kort tid siden ble det annonsert at det blir et åpent møte
1058 med ledelsen hos universitetet i Oslo med disse planene som tema:&lt;/p&gt;
1059
1060 &lt;p&gt;Tid: &lt;strong&gt;Onsdag 2013-06-05 kl. 10:00&lt;/strong&gt;
1061 &lt;br&gt;Sted: &lt;strong&gt;9. etasje i Lucy Smiths hus (admin-bygget)&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1062
1063 &lt;p&gt; Det kan være en god plass å stille opp hvis en som meg ikke tror
1064 valget av Microsoft Exchange som sentral epostinfrastruktur er et
1065 heldig valg for Norges ledende forskningsuniversitet, men at en er mer
1066 tjent med å selv
1067 &lt;a href=&quot;http://nuug.no/dokumenter/kronikk-friprog-itsikkerhet.shtml&quot;&gt;beholde
1068 kontrollen over egen infrastruktur&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
1069
1070 &lt;p&gt;Saken har ført til endel presseoppslag så langt. Her er de jeg har
1071 fått med meg:&lt;/p&gt;
1072
1073 &lt;ul&gt;
1074
1075 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-29
1076 &lt;a href=&quot;http://universitas.no/nyhet/58462/forsvarer-nytt-it-system&quot;&gt;Forsvarer
1077 nytt IT-system&lt;/a&gt; - Universitas&lt;/li&gt;
1078
1079 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-23
1080 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/nyheter/2013/05/uio-innforer-nytt-epost-og-kalendersystem.html&quot;&gt;UiO
1081 innfører nytt epost- og kalenderverktøy&lt;/a&gt; - Uniforum&lt;/li&gt;
1082
1083
1084 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-22
1085 &lt;a href=&quot;http://universitas.no/nyhet/58424/protestgruppe-vil-stanse-it-system&quot;&gt;Protestgruppe
1086 vil stanse IT-system&lt;/a&gt; - Universitas&lt;/li&gt;
1087
1088
1089 &lt;li&gt;2013-05-15
1090 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uniforum.uio.no/leserbrev/2013/uio-ma-ha-kontroll-over-sitt-eget-epostsystem.html&quot;&gt;UiO
1091 må ha kontroll over sitt eget epostsystem&lt;/a&gt; - Uniforum&lt;/li&gt;
1092
1093 &lt;/ul&gt;
1094
1095
1096 </description>
1097 </item>
1098
1099 <item>
1100 <title>Mer innsyn i bakgrunnen for fjerning av ODF fra statens standardkatalog</title>
1101 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mer_innsyn_i_bakgrunnen_for_fjerning_av_ODF_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html</link>
1102 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mer_innsyn_i_bakgrunnen_for_fjerning_av_ODF_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html</guid>
1103 <pubDate>Tue, 9 Apr 2013 10:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
1104 <description>&lt;p&gt;For cirka en måned siden
1105 &lt;ahref=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjeringen__Fornyingsdepartementet_og_DIFI_g_r_inn_for___fjerne_ODF_som_obligatorisk_standard_i_det_offentlige.html&quot;&gt;ba
1106 jeg om begrunnelse på nektet innsyn i dokumenter&lt;/a&gt; om
1107 standardkatalogen fra Fornyingsdepartementet. I dag fikk jeg svar fra
1108 Fornyingsdepartementet, og tilgang til dokumentene. Jeg fikk både
1109 innsyn i vedlegg sendt fra DIFI, og også innsyn i et notat brukt
1110 internt i Fornyingsdepartementet:&lt;/p&gt;
1111
1112 &lt;ul&gt;
1113
1114 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Fornyingsdepartementet/sak-2012-2168/Oppsummering%20av%20h%f8ringen%20om%20endringer%20i%20forskrift%20om%20IT-standarder.pdf&quot;&gt;Epost fra DIFI til Fornyingsdepartementet, datert 2012-11-23&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1115
1116 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Fornyingsdepartementet/sak-2012-2168/Oppsummering%20og%20anbefaling%20etter%20h%f8ring.pdf&quot;&gt;vedlegg 1, Oppsummering og anbefalinger etter høring av endringer i forskrift om IT-standarer i offentlig forvaltning, datert 2012-11-23&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1117
1118 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-Fornyingsdepartementet/sak-2012-2168/Vedlegg%20Om%20h%f8ringe.docx%20(L)(898066).pdf&quot;&gt;Notat fra avdeling for IKT og fornying til statsråd i Fornyingsdepartementet om høringen, datert 2013-01-03&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1119
1120 &lt;/ul&gt;
1121
1122 &lt;p&gt;Det bør nevnes at da jeg ble nektet innsyn hos mottaker
1123 Fornyingsdepartementet på høringsoppsummeringen som DIFI hadde sendt
1124 ut, spurte jeg DIFI om innsyn i stedet. Det fikk jeg i løpet av et
1125 par dager. Moralen er at hvis ikke mottaker ikke vil gi innsyn, spør
1126 avsender i stedet. Kanskje de har forskjellig forståelse av hva som
1127 bør holdes skjult for folket. Her er de tilsvarende dokumentene jeg
1128 fikk innsyn i fra DIFI:&lt;/p&gt;
1129
1130 &lt;ul&gt;
1131
1132 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-DIFI/Epostforsendelse.pdf&quot;&gt;Epost fra DIFI til Fornyingsdepartementet, datert 2012-11-23&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1133
1134 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-DIFI/Vedlegg%201,%20Oppsummering%20av%20h%f8ring%20om%20endringer%20i%20forskrift%20om%20IT-standarder.pdf&quot;&gt;vedlegg 1, Oppsummering og anbefalinger etter høring av endringer i forskrift om IT-standarer i offentlig forvaltning, datert 2012-11-23&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1135
1136 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-DIFI/Vedlegg%202,%20Forslag%20til%20endringsforskrift.pdf&quot;&gt;Vedlegg 2, Forslag til endringsforskrift, udatert&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1137
1138 &lt;li&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-DIFI/Vedlegg%203%20Forskrift%20om%20IT-standarder%20i%20offentlig%20forvaltning.pdf&quot;&gt;Vedlegg 3, Forskrift om IT-standarder i offentlig forvaltning, udatert&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/li&gt;
1139
1140 &lt;/ul&gt;
1141
1142 &lt;p&gt;Det jeg synes er mest interessant er endel av aktørene som
1143 protesterte på fjerningen (Kartverket, Drammen kommune), og hvordan
1144 høringsoppsummeringen ikke tar stilling til effekten av å fjerne ODF
1145 fra katalogen.&lt;/p&gt;
1146 </description>
1147 </item>
1148
1149 <item>
1150 <title>Regjeringen, FAD og DIFI går inn for å fjerne ODF som obligatorisk standard i det offentlige</title>
1151 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjeringen__FAD_og_DIFI_g_r_inn_for___fjerne_ODF_som_obligatorisk_standard_i_det_offentlige.html</link>
1152 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjeringen__FAD_og_DIFI_g_r_inn_for___fjerne_ODF_som_obligatorisk_standard_i_det_offentlige.html</guid>
1153 <pubDate>Mon, 18 Mar 2013 21:10:00 +0100</pubDate>
1154 <description>&lt;p&gt;I
1155 &lt;a href=&quot;http://standard.difi.no/hoyring/forslag-om-endring-av-forskrift-om-it-standarder-i-offentlig-forvaltning&quot;&gt;siste
1156 høring&lt;/a&gt; om
1157 &lt;a href=&quot;http://standard.difi.no/forvaltningsstandarder&quot;&gt;referansekatalogen
1158 for IT-standarder i offentlig sektor&lt;/a&gt;, med høringsfrist 2012-09-30
1159 (DIFI-sak 2012/498), ble det foreslått å fjerne ODF som obligatorisk
1160 standard når en publiserte dokumenter som skulle kunne redigeres
1161 videre av mottaker. NUUG og andre protesterte på forslaget, som er et
1162 langt steg tilbake når det gjelder å sikre like rettigheter for alle
1163 når en kommuniserer med det offentlige. For noen dager siden ble jeg
1164 oppmerksom på at Direktoratet for forvaltning og IKT (DIFI) og
1165 Fornyings-,administrasjons- og kirkedepartementet (FAD) har
1166 konkludert, og oversendt forslag til regjeringen i saken. FADs
1167 dokument
1168 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.oep.no/search/result.html?period=none&amp;descType=both&amp;caseNumber=2012%2F2168&amp;senderType=both&amp;documentType=all&amp;list2=94&amp;searchType=advanced&amp;Search=S%C3%B8k+i+journaler&quot;&gt;2012/2168&lt;/a&gt;-8,
1169 «Utkast til endring av standardiseringsforskriften» datert 2013-02-06
1170 har følgende triste oppsummering fra høringen i saken:&lt;/p&gt;
1171
1172 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1173 Det kom noen innvendinger på forslaget om å fjerne ODF som
1174 obligatorisk standard for redigerbare dokumenter. Innvendingene har
1175 ikke blitt ilagt avgjørende vekt.
1176 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1177
1178 &lt;p&gt;Ved å fjerne ODF som obligatorisk format ved publisering av
1179 redigerbare dokumenter setter en Norge tiår tilbake. Det som vil skje
1180 er at offentlige etater går tilbake til kun å publisere dokumenter på
1181 et av de mange formatene til Microsoft Office, og alle som ikke
1182 aksepterer bruksvilkårene til Microsoft eller ikke har råd til å bruke
1183 penger på å få tilgang til Microsoft Office må igjen basere seg på
1184 verktøy fra utviklerne som er avhengig av å reversutvikle disse
1185 formatene. I og med at ISO-spesifikasjonen for OOXML ikke komplett og
1186 korrekt spesifiserer formatene til MS Office (men er nyttige å titte i
1187 når en reversutvikler), er en tilbake til en situasjon der en ikke har
1188 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fri_og__pen_standard__slik_Digistan_ser_det.html&quot;&gt;en
1189 fri og åpen standard&lt;/a&gt; å forholde seg til, men i stedet må springe
1190 etter Microsoft. Alle andre leverandører enn Microsoft vil dermed ha
1191 en seriøs ulempe. Det er som å fjerne krav om bruk av meter som
1192 måleenhet, og heretter aksepterer alle måleenheter som like gyldige,
1193 når en vet at den mest brukte enheten vil være armlengden til Steve
1194 Ballmer slik Microsoft måler den.&lt;/p&gt;
1195
1196 &lt;p&gt;Jeg er ikke sikker på om forslaget er vedtatt av regjeringen ennå.
1197 Kristian Bergem hos DIFI nevnte på et møte forrige tirsdag at han
1198 trodde det var vedtatt i statsråd 8. mars, men jeg har ikke klart å
1199 finne en skriftlig kilde på regjeringen.no som bekrefter dette.
1200 Kanskje det ennå ikke er for sent...&lt;/p&gt;
1201
1202 &lt;p&gt;Jeg ba i forrige uke om innsyn i dokument 6, 7 og 8 i FAD-saken, og
1203 har i dag fått innsyn i dokument 7 og 8. Ble nektet innsyn i
1204 dokumentet med tittelen «Oppsummering av høring om endringer i
1205 forskrift om IT-standarder i offentlig forvaltning» med hjemmel i
1206 off. lovens §15.1, så det er vanskelig å vite hvordan argumentene fra
1207 høringen ble mottatt og forstått av saksbehandleren hos DIFI. Lurer
1208 på hvordan jeg kan klage på at jeg ikke fikk se oppsummeringen. Fikk
1209 tre PDFer tilsendt fra FAD,
1210 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-FAD/sak-2012-2168/20130115%20Notat%20FAD%20-%20EHF.pdf%20(L)(889185).pdf&quot;&gt;Endring av underversjon i EHF&lt;/a&gt;,
1211 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-FAD/sak-2012-2168/Bakgrunnsnotat%20knyttet%20til%20versjon%20av%20EHF%20standarden%20i%20Forskrift%20om%20IT-standarder%20i%20offentlig%20sektor.pdf&quot;&gt;Bakgrunnsnotat knyttet til versjon av EHF standarden i Forskrift om IT-standarder i offentlig sektor&lt;/a&gt; og
1212 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/pub/offentliginnsyn/from-FAD/sak-2012-2168/Utkast%20Kongelig%20resolusjon.docx%20(L)(898064).pdf&quot;&gt;Utkast til endring av standardiseringsforskriften&lt;/a&gt;, hvis du vil ta en titt.&lt;/p&gt;
1213 </description>
1214 </item>
1215
1216 <item>
1217 <title>&quot;Electronic&quot; paper invoices - using vCard in a QR code</title>
1218 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Electronic__paper_invoices___using_vCard_in_a_QR_code.html</link>
1219 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/_Electronic__paper_invoices___using_vCard_in_a_QR_code.html</guid>
1220 <pubDate>Tue, 12 Feb 2013 10:30:00 +0100</pubDate>
1221 <description>&lt;p&gt;Here in Norway, electronic invoices are spreading, and the
1222 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.anskaffelser.no/e-handel/faktura&quot;&gt;solution promoted
1223 by the Norwegian government&lt;/a&gt; require that invoices are sent through
1224 one of the approved facilitators, and it is not possible to send
1225 electronic invoices without an agreement with one of these
1226 facilitators. This seem like a needless limitation to be able to
1227 transfer invoice information between buyers and sellers. My preferred
1228 solution would be to just transfer the invoice information directly
1229 between seller and buyer, for example using SMTP, or some HTTP based
1230 protocol like REST or SOAP. But this might also be overkill, as the
1231 &quot;electronic&quot; information can be transferred using paper invoices too,
1232 using a simple bar code. My bar code encoding of choice would be QR
1233 codes, as this encoding can be read by any smart phone out there. The
1234 content of the code could be anything, but I would go with
1235 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/VCard&quot;&gt;the vCard format&lt;/a&gt;, as
1236 it too is supported by a lot of computer equipment these days.&lt;/p&gt;
1237
1238 &lt;p&gt;The vCard format support extentions, and the invoice specific
1239 information can be included using such extentions. For example an
1240 invoice from SLX Debian Labs (picked because we
1241 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/donations.html&quot;&gt;ask
1242 for donations to the Debian Edu project&lt;/a&gt; and thus have bank account
1243 information publicly available) for NOK 1000.00 could have these extra
1244 fields:&lt;/p&gt;
1245
1246 &lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
1247 X-INVOICE-NUMBER:1
1248 X-INVOICE-AMOUNT:NOK1000.00
1249 X-INVOICE-KID:123412341234
1250 X-INVOICE-MSG:Donation to Debian Edu
1251 X-BANK-ACCOUNT-NUMBER:16040884339
1252 X-BANK-IBAN-NUMBER:NO8516040884339
1253 X-BANK-SWIFT-NUMBER:DNBANOKKXXX
1254 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1255
1256 &lt;p&gt;The X-BANK-ACCOUNT-NUMBER field was proposed in a stackoverflow
1257 answer regarding
1258 &lt;a href=&quot;http://stackoverflow.com/questions/10045664/storing-bank-account-in-vcard-file&quot;&gt;how
1259 to put bank account information into a vCard&lt;/a&gt;. For payments in
1260 Norway, either X-INVOICE-KID (payment ID) or X-INVOICE-MSG could be
1261 used to pass on information to the seller when paying the invoice.&lt;/p&gt;
1262
1263 &lt;p&gt;The complete vCard could look like this:&lt;/p&gt;
1264
1265 &lt;p&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
1266 BEGIN:VCARD
1267 VERSION:2.1
1268 ORG:SLX Debian Labs Foundation
1269 ADR;WORK:;;Gunnar Schjelderups vei 29D;OSLO;;0485;Norway
1270 URL;WORK:http://www.linuxiskolen.no/slxdebianlabs/
1271 EMAIL;PREF;INTERNET:sdl-styret@rt.nuug.no
1272 REV:20130212T095000Z
1273 X-INVOICE-NUMBER:1
1274 X-INVOICE-AMOUNT:NOK1000.00
1275 X-INVOICE-MSG:Donation to Debian Edu
1276 X-BANK-ACCOUNT-NUMBER:16040884339
1277 X-BANK-IBAN-NUMBER:NO8516040884339
1278 X-BANK-SWIFT-NUMBER:DNBANOKKXXX
1279 END:VCARD
1280 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1281
1282 &lt;p&gt;The resulting QR code created using
1283 &lt;a href=&quot;http://fukuchi.org/works/qrencode/&quot;&gt;qrencode&lt;/a&gt; would look
1284 like this, and should be readable (and thus checkable) by any smart
1285 phone, or for example the &lt;a href=&quot;http://zbar.sourceforge.net/&quot;&gt;zbar
1286 bar code reader&lt;/a&gt; and feed right into the approval and accounting
1287 system.&lt;/p&gt;
1288
1289 &lt;p&gt;&lt;img src=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2013-02-12-qr-invoice.png&quot;&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1290
1291 &lt;p&gt;The extension fields will most likely not show up in any normal
1292 vCard reader, so those parts would have to go directly into a system
1293 handling invoices. I am a bit unsure how vCards without name parts
1294 are handled, but a simple test indicate that this work just fine.&lt;/p&gt;
1295
1296 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Update 2013-02-12 11:30&lt;/strong&gt;: Added KID to the proposal
1297 based on feedback from Sturle Sunde.&lt;/p&gt;
1298 </description>
1299 </item>
1300
1301 <item>
1302 <title>12 years of outages - summarised by Stuart Kendrick</title>
1303 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/12_years_of_outages___summarised_by_Stuart_Kendrick.html</link>
1304 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/12_years_of_outages___summarised_by_Stuart_Kendrick.html</guid>
1305 <pubDate>Fri, 26 Oct 2012 14:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
1306 <description>&lt;p&gt;I work at the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uio.no/&quot;&gt;University of Oslo&lt;/a&gt;
1307 looking after the computers, mostly on the unix side, but in general
1308 all over the place. I am also a member (and currently leader) of
1309 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;the NUUG association&lt;/a&gt;, which in turn
1310 make me a member of &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.usenix.org/&quot;&gt;USENIX&lt;/a&gt;. NUUG
1311 is an member organisation for us in Norway interested in free
1312 software, open standards and unix like operating systems, and USENIX
1313 is a US based member organisation with similar targets. And thanks to
1314 these memberships, I get all issues of the great USENIX magazine
1315 &lt;a href=&quot;https://www.usenix.org/publications/login&quot;&gt;;login:&lt;/a&gt; in the
1316 mail several times a year. The magazine is great, and I read most of
1317 it every time.&lt;/p&gt;
1318
1319 &lt;p&gt;In the last issue of the USENIX magazine ;login:, there is an
1320 article by &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skendric.com/&quot;&gt;Stuart Kendrick&lt;/a&gt; from
1321 Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center titled
1322 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.usenix.org/publications/login/october-2012-volume-37-number-5/what-takes-us-down&quot;&gt;What
1323 Takes Us Down&lt;/a&gt;&quot; (longer version also
1324 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.skendric.com/problem/incident-analysis/2012-06-30/What-Takes-Us-Down.pdf&quot;&gt;available
1325 from his own site&lt;/a&gt;), where he report what he found when he
1326 processed the outage reports (both planned and unplanned) from the
1327 last twelve years and classified them according to cause, time of day,
1328 etc etc. The article is a good read to get some empirical data on
1329 what kind of problems affect a data centre, but what really inspired
1330 me was the kind of reporting they had put in place since 2000.&lt;p&gt;
1331
1332 &lt;p&gt;The centre set up a mailing list, and started to send fairly
1333 standardised messages to this list when a outage was planned or when
1334 it already occurred, to announce the plan and get feedback on the
1335 assumtions on scope and user impact. Here is the two example from the
1336 article: First the unplanned outage:
1337
1338 &lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
1339 Subject: Exchange 2003 Cluster Issues
1340 Severity: Critical (Unplanned)
1341 Start: Monday, May 7, 2012, 11:58
1342 End: Monday, May 7, 2012, 12:38
1343 Duration: 40 minutes
1344 Scope: Exchange 2003
1345 Description: The HTTPS service on the Exchange cluster crashed, triggering
1346 a cluster failover.
1347
1348 User Impact: During this period, all Exchange users were unable to
1349 access e-mail. Zimbra users were unaffected.
1350 Technician: [xxx]
1351 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
1352
1353 Next the planned outage:
1354
1355 &lt;blockquote&gt;&lt;pre&gt;
1356 Subject: H Building Switch Upgrades
1357 Severity: Major (Planned)
1358 Start: Saturday, June 16, 2012, 06:00
1359 End: Saturday, June 16, 2012, 16:00
1360 Duration: 10 hours
1361 Scope: H2 Transport
1362 Description: Currently, Catalyst 4006s provide 10/100 Ethernet to end-
1363 stations. We will replace these with newer Catalyst
1364 4510s.
1365 User Impact: All users on H2 will be isolated from the network during
1366 this work. Afterward, they will have gigabit
1367 connectivity.
1368 Technician: [xxx]
1369 &lt;/pre&gt;&lt;/blockquote&gt;
1370
1371 &lt;p&gt;He notes in his article that the date formats and other fields have
1372 been a bit too free form to make it easy to automatically process them
1373 into a database for further analysis, and I would have used ISO 8601
1374 dates myself to make it easier to process (in other words I would ask
1375 people to write &#39;2012-06-16 06:00 +0000&#39; instead of the start time
1376 format listed above). There are also other issues with the format
1377 that could be improved, read the article for the details.&lt;/p&gt;
1378
1379 &lt;p&gt;I find the idea of standardising outage messages seem to be such a
1380 good idea that I would like to get it implemented here at the
1381 university too. We do register
1382 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.uio.no/tjenester/it/aktuelt/planlagte-tjenesteavbrudd/&quot;&gt;planned
1383 changes and outages in a calendar&lt;/a&gt;, and report the to a mailing
1384 list, but we do not do so in a structured format and there is not a
1385 report to the same location for unplanned outages. Perhaps something
1386 for other sites to consider too?&lt;/p&gt;
1387 </description>
1388 </item>
1389
1390 <item>
1391 <title>NUUGs høringsuttalelse til DIFIs forslag om å kaste ut ODF fra statens standardkatalog</title>
1392 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUGs_h_ringsuttalelse_til_DIFIs_forslag_om___kaste_ut_ODF_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html</link>
1393 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUGs_h_ringsuttalelse_til_DIFIs_forslag_om___kaste_ut_ODF_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html</guid>
1394 <pubDate>Mon, 1 Oct 2012 08:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
1395 <description>&lt;p&gt;Som jeg
1396 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/DIFI_foresl_r___kaste_ut_ODF_og_ta_inn_OOXML_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html&quot;&gt;skrev
1397 i juni&lt;/a&gt; har DIFI foreslått å fjerne krav om å bruke ODF til
1398 utveksling av redigerbare dokumenter med det offentlige, og
1399 derigjennom tvinge innbyggerne til å forholde seg til formatene til MS
1400 Office når en kommuniserer med det offentlige.&lt;/p&gt;
1401
1402 &lt;p&gt;I går kveld fikk vi i &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;NUUG&lt;/a&gt;
1403 fullført vår høringsuttalelse og sendt den inn til DIFI. Du finner
1404 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/201209-forskrift-standardkatalog&quot;&gt;uttalelsen
1405 på wikien&lt;/a&gt;. Ta en titt. Fristen for å sende inn uttalelse var i
1406 går søndag, men en får kanskje sitt innspill med hvis en sender i
1407 dag.&lt;/p&gt;
1408 </description>
1409 </item>
1410
1411 <item>
1412 <title>Free software forced Microsoft to open Office (and don&#39;t forget Officeshots)</title>
1413 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_forced_Microsoft_to_open_Office__and_don_t_forget_Officeshots_.html</link>
1414 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Free_software_forced_Microsoft_to_open_Office__and_don_t_forget_Officeshots_.html</guid>
1415 <pubDate>Thu, 23 Aug 2012 14:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
1416 <description>&lt;p&gt;I came across a great comment from Simon Phipps today, about how
1417 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.infoworld.com/d/open-source-software/how-microsoft-was-forced-open-office-200233&quot;&gt;Microsoft
1418 have been forced to open Office&lt;/a&gt;, and it made me remember and
1419 revisit the great site
1420 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.officeshots.org/&quot;&gt;officeshots&lt;/a&gt; which allow you
1421 to check out how different programs present the ODF file format. I
1422 recommend both to those of my readers interested in ODF. :)&lt;/p&gt;
1423 </description>
1424 </item>
1425
1426 <item>
1427 <title>OOXML og standardisering</title>
1428 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/OOXML_og_standardisering.html</link>
1429 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/OOXML_og_standardisering.html</guid>
1430 <pubDate>Wed, 25 Jul 2012 21:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
1431 <description>&lt;p&gt;DIFI har
1432 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/DIFI_foresl_r___kaste_ut_ODF_og_ta_inn_OOXML_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html&quot;&gt;en
1433 høring gående&lt;/a&gt; om ny versjon av statens standardkatalog, med frist
1434 2012-09-30, der det foreslås å fjerne ODF fra katalogen og ta inn ISO
1435 OOXML. I den anledning minnes jeg
1436 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/FAD/Vedlegg/IKT-politikk/Refkat_v2.pdf&quot;&gt;notatet
1437 FAD skrev&lt;/a&gt; da versjon 2 av standardkatalogen var under
1438 utarbeidelse, da FAD og DIFI fortsatt forsto poenget med og verdien av
1439 frie og åpne standarder.&lt;/p&gt;
1440
1441 &lt;p&gt;Det er mange som tror at OOXML er ett spesifikt format, men det
1442 brukes ofte som fellesbetegnelse for både formatet spesifisert av
1443 ECMA, ISO, og formatet produsert av Microsoft Office (aka docx), som
1444 dessverre ikke er det samme formatet. Fra en av de som implementerte
1445 støtte for docx-formatet i KDE fikk jeg høre at ISO-spesifikasjonen
1446 var en nyttig referanse, men at det var mange avvik som gjorde at en
1447 ikke kunne gå ut ifra at Microsoft Office produserte dokumenter i
1448 henhold til ISO-spesifikasjonen.&lt;/p&gt;
1449
1450 &lt;p&gt;ISOs OOXML-spesifikasjon har (eller hadde, usikker på om
1451 kommentaren er oppdatert) i følge
1452 &lt;a href=&quot;http://surguy.net/articles/ooxml-validation-and-technical-review.xml&quot;&gt;Inigo
1453 Surguy&lt;/a&gt; feil i mer enn 10% av eksemplene, noe som i tillegg gjør
1454 det vanskelig å bruke spesifikasjonen til å implementere støtte for
1455 ISO OOXML. Jeg har ingen erfaring med å validere OOXML-dokumenter
1456 selv, men ser at
1457 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.microsoft.com/en-us/download/details.aspx?id=5124&quot;&gt;Microsoft
1458 har laget en validator&lt;/a&gt; som jeg ikke kan teste da den kun er
1459 tilgjengelig på MS Windows. Finner også en annen kalt
1460 &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/officeotron/&quot;&gt;Office-O-Tron&lt;/A&gt; som
1461 er oppdatert i fjor. Lurer på om de validerer at dokumenter er i
1462 formatet til Microsoft office, eller om de validerer at de er i
1463 henhold til formatene spesifisert av ECMA og ISO. Det hadde også vært
1464 interessant å se om docx-dokumentene publisert av det offentlige er
1465 gyldige ISO OOXML-dokumenter.&lt;/p&gt;
1466 </description>
1467 </item>
1468
1469 <item>
1470 <title>Mer oppfølging fra MPEG-LA om avtale med dem for å kringkaste og publisere H.264-video</title>
1471 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mer_oppf_lging_fra_MPEG_LA_om_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html</link>
1472 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Mer_oppf_lging_fra_MPEG_LA_om_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html</guid>
1473 <pubDate>Thu, 5 Jul 2012 23:50:00 +0200</pubDate>
1474 <description>&lt;p&gt;I føljetongen om H.264
1475 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_mener_NRK_m__ha_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html&quot;&gt;forlot
1476 jeg leserne i undring&lt;/a&gt; om hvor pakken fra MPEG-LA tok veien, og om
1477 hvilke selskaper i Norge som har avtale med MPEG-LA. Da Ryan hos
1478 MPEG-LA dro på ferie sendte jeg min melding videre til hans kollega,
1479 og dagen etter fikk jeg følgende svar derfra:&lt;/p&gt;
1480
1481 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1482 &lt;p&gt;Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2012 18:32:34 +0000
1483 &lt;br&gt;From: Sidney Wolf &amp;lt;SWolf (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
1484 &lt;br&gt;To: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&amp;gt;
1485 &lt;br&gt;Cc: Ryan Rodriguez &amp;lt;RRodriguez (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
1486 &lt;br&gt;Subject: RE: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
1487
1488 &lt;p&gt;Dear Mr. Reinholdtsen,&lt;/p&gt;
1489
1490 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your message. As you know, Ryan is currently our of the
1491 office, so it will be my pleasure to assist you.&lt;/p&gt;
1492
1493 &lt;p&gt;Per your request, attached please find an electronic copy of the
1494 AVC Patent Portfolio License. Please note that the electronic copy of
1495 the License is provided as a convenience and for informational
1496 purposes only. When concluding the Licenses, only the hard copies
1497 provided by MPEG LA may be used.&lt;/p&gt;
1498
1499 &lt;p&gt;To your question, MPEG LA lists our Licensees on our website
1500 according to each program. The lists are in alphabetical order, so it
1501 is very easy to search.&lt;/p&gt;
1502
1503 &lt;p&gt;I hope that this was helpful. If we can be of additional
1504 assistance, please let me know.&lt;/p&gt;
1505
1506 &lt;p&gt;Kind regards,&lt;/p&gt;
1507
1508 &lt;p&gt;Sidney A. Wolf
1509 &lt;br&gt;Manager, Global Licensing
1510 &lt;br&gt;MPEG LA&lt;/p&gt;
1511 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1512
1513 &lt;p&gt;Selv om et epostvedlegg er nyttig for mottakeren, så håpet jeg å få
1514 et dokument jeg kunne dele med alle leserne av bloggen min, og ikke et
1515 som må deles på individuell basis. Opphavsretten krever godkjenning
1516 fra rettighetsinnehaver før en kan gjøre slikt, så dermed fulgte jeg
1517 opp med et spørsmål om dette var greit.&lt;/p&gt;
1518
1519 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1520 &lt;p&gt;Date: Wed, 4 Jul 2012 20:25:06 +0200
1521 &lt;br&gt;From: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&amp;gt;
1522 &lt;br&gt;To: Sidney Wolf &amp;lt;SWolf (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
1523 &lt;br&gt;Cc: Ryan Rodriguez &amp;lt;RRodriguez (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
1524 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Re: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
1525
1526 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your reply.&lt;/p&gt;
1527
1528 &lt;p&gt;[Sidney Wolf]
1529 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; Per your request, attached please find an electronic copy of the AVC
1530 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; Patent Portfolio License. Please note that the electronic copy of
1531 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; the License is provided as a convenience and for informational
1532 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; purposes only. When concluding the Licenses, only the hard copies
1533 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; provided by MPEG LA may be used.&lt;/p&gt;
1534
1535 &lt;p&gt;This is useful for me to learn, but the reason I asked for the
1536 Internet address of the licensing document was to ensure I could
1537 publish a link to it when I discuss the topic of H.264 licensing here
1538 in Norway, and allow others to verify my observations. I can not do
1539 the same with an email attachment. Thus I would like to ask you if it
1540 is OK with MPEG LA that I publish this document on the Internet for
1541 others to read?&lt;/p&gt;
1542
1543 &lt;p&gt;&amp;gt; To your question, MPEG LA lists our Licensees on our website
1544 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; according to each program. The lists are in alphabetical order, so
1545 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; it is very easy to search.&lt;/p&gt;
1546
1547 &lt;p&gt;I am afraid this do not help me locate Norwegian companies in the
1548 list of Licensees. I do not know the name of all companies and
1549 organisations in Norway, and thus do not know how to locate the
1550 Norwegian ones on that list.&lt;/p&gt;
1551
1552 &lt;p&gt;&amp;gt; I hope that this was helpful. If we can be of additional assistance,
1553 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; please let me know.&lt;/p&gt;
1554
1555 &lt;p&gt;Absoutely helpful to learn more about how MPEG LA handle licensing.&lt;/p&gt;
1556
1557 &lt;p&gt;--
1558 &lt;br&gt;Happy hacking
1559 &lt;br&gt;Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
1560 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1561
1562 &lt;p&gt;Jeg håpet også at det skulle være mulig å få vite hvilke av de
1563 mange hundre som har avtale med MPEG-LA om bruk av H.264 som holdt til
1564 i Norge. Begge mine håp falt i grus med svaret fra MPEG-LA.
1565
1566 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1567 &lt;p&gt;Date: Thu, 5 Jul 2012 17:42:39 +0000
1568 &lt;br&gt;From: Sidney Wolf &amp;lt;SWolf (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
1569 &lt;br&gt;To: &#39;Petter Reinholdtsen&#39; &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&amp;gt;
1570 &lt;br&gt;Cc: Ryan Rodriguez &amp;lt;RRodriguez (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
1571 &lt;br&gt;Subject: RE: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
1572
1573 &lt;p&gt;Dear Mr. Reinholdtsen,&lt;/p&gt;
1574
1575 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your reply.&lt;/p&gt;
1576
1577 &lt;p&gt;We appreciate the additional explanation you have provided and for
1578 asking our permission to publish the electronic copy of the License in
1579 advance of doing so. Typically, MPEG LA prefers to distribute the
1580 electronic copies of our Licenses to interested parties. Therefore,
1581 please feel free to send interested parties to the AVC portion of our
1582 website, http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Intro.aspx for
1583 their further reference.&lt;/p&gt;
1584
1585 &lt;p&gt;As previously mentioned, MPEG LA maintains a list of Licensees in good
1586 standing on our website according to each program. Due to the large
1587 volume of Licensees, it would be administratively impractical to
1588 provide this level of detail to interested parties. Therefore, I am
1589 afraid we are not in a position to assist you with your request.&lt;/p&gt;
1590
1591 &lt;p&gt;Kind regards,&lt;/p&gt;
1592
1593 &lt;p&gt;Sidney A. Wolf
1594 &lt;br&gt;Manager, Global Licensing
1595 &lt;br&gt;MPEG LA&lt;/p&gt;
1596 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1597
1598 &lt;p&gt;Men takket være epostvedlegget kunne jeg søke på Google etter
1599 setningen &quot;WHEREAS, a video standard commonly referred to as AVC has
1600 been defined and is referred to in this Agreement as the “AVC
1601 Standard” (as more fully defined herein below)&quot; som finnes i avtalen,
1602 og lokalisere en kopi fra 2007 av
1603 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1342960/000119312509050004/dex1024.htm&quot;&gt;lisensavtalen
1604 mellom MPEG-LA og DivX, Inc.&lt;/a&gt;, slik at mine lesere kan se hvordan
1605 avtalen så ut da. Jeg har ikke sammenlignet tekstene for å se om noe
1606 har endret seg siden den tid, men satser på at teksten er representativ.&lt;/p&gt;
1607
1608 &lt;p&gt;Jeg aner fortsatt ikke hvor FedEx tok veien med pakken fra
1609 MPEG-LA.&lt;/p&gt;
1610
1611 &lt;p&gt;Update 2012-07-06: Jeg er visst ikke den første som forsøker å få
1612 klarhet i problemstillinger rundt H.264, og kom nettopp over en veldig
1613 interessant bloggpost fra 2010 hos LibreVideo med tittelen
1614 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.librevideo.org/blog/2010/06/14/mpeg-la-answers-some-questions-about-avch-264-licensing/&quot;&gt;MPEG-LA
1615 answers some questions about AVC/H.264 licensing&lt;/a&gt;. Anbefales!&lt;/p&gt;
1616 </description>
1617 </item>
1618
1619 <item>
1620 <title>DIFI foreslår å kaste ut ODF og ta inn OOXML fra statens standardkatalog</title>
1621 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/DIFI_foresl_r___kaste_ut_ODF_og_ta_inn_OOXML_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html</link>
1622 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/DIFI_foresl_r___kaste_ut_ODF_og_ta_inn_OOXML_fra_statens_standardkatalog.html</guid>
1623 <pubDate>Fri, 29 Jun 2012 18:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
1624 <description>&lt;p&gt;DIFI har nettopp annonsert høring om revisjon av
1625 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/forvaltningsstandarder&quot;&gt;standardkatalogen&lt;/a&gt;,
1626 og endelig har Microsoft fått viljen sin. Se
1627 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/hoyring/forslag-om-endring-av-forskrift-om-it-standarder-i-offentlig-forvaltning&quot;&gt;høringssiden&lt;/a&gt;
1628 for hele teksten.&lt;/p&gt;
1629
1630 &lt;p&gt;Her er forslaget i sin helhet:&lt;/p&gt;
1631
1632 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1633 &lt;p&gt;3.2 Revisjon av krav til redigerbare dokumenter&lt;/p&gt;
1634
1635 &lt;p&gt;I første versjon av referansekatalogen i 2007 ble det satt krav om
1636 Open Document Format (ODF), versjon 1.1 (OASIS, 1.2.2007) for
1637 redigerbare dokumenter. Kravet var obligatorisk for stat og sterkt
1638 anbefalt for kommunal sektor. I 2009 ble kravet gjort obligatorisk for
1639 hele offentlig sektor i
1640 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.lovdata.no/for/sf/fa/xa-20090925-1222.html&quot;&gt;forskrift
1641 om IT-standarder i forvaltningen&lt;/a&gt;. Anvendelsesområdet for kravet
1642 har vært begrenset til publisering av dokumenter som skal bearbeides
1643 videre (§ 4 nr. 1 andre ledd). I 2011 ble anvendelsesområdet utvidet
1644 til å omfatte utveksling av dokumenter beregnet for redigering som
1645 vedlegg til e-post (§4 nr. 2).&lt;/p&gt;
1646
1647 &lt;p&gt;Office Open XML ISO/IEC 29500:2011 (OOXML) er et dokumentformat
1648 opprinnelig utviklet av Microsoft med tilsvarende anvendelsesområde
1649 som ODF. Formatet er blant annet tatt i bruk i nyere versjoner av
1650 kontorstøtteprogamvaren MS Office. Difi har foretatt en
1651 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/filearchive/revisjonsvurdering-standarder-for-redigerbare-dokumenter-v1-0.pdf&quot;&gt;revisjonsvurdering&lt;/a&gt;
1652 av krav som stilles til redigerbare dokumenter i Forskrift om
1653 IT-standarder i forvaltningen, og anbefaler at kravet til ODF
1654 fjernes. Dette innebærer at det ikke stilles krav til dokumentformater
1655 for redigerbare dokumenter ved publisering på offentlige virksomheters
1656 nettsider og for redigerbare vedlegg til e-post som sendes fra
1657 offentlige virksomheter til innbyggere og næringsliv. Offentlige
1658 virksomheter vil dermed stå fritt til å publisere eller sende
1659 redigerbare dokumenter i det format som ivaretar brukernes behov
1660 best.&lt;/p&gt;
1661
1662 &lt;p&gt;Forslaget innebærer at krav til ODF utgår § 4 nr. 1 tredje ledd og
1663 § 4 nr. 2 første ledd&lt;/p&gt;
1664
1665 &lt;P&gt;Imidlertid bør det stilles strengere krav til hvilke formater
1666 offentlige virksomheter plikter å motta redigerbare dokumenter. Vi
1667 mener at det ikke bør skilles mellom mottak av redigerbare dokumenter
1668 som sendes i ODF eller OOXML3, som begge er åpne standarder. Dette
1669 medfører at innbyggere og næringsliv skal kunne basere sitt valg av
1670 programvare på egne behov og ikke på de valg offentlige virksomheter
1671 tar. Kravet vil omfatte hele offentlig sektor, herunder
1672 utdanningssektoren, hvor det kanskje er størst bruk av ODF. Kravet er
1673 foreslått som ny § 4 nr.2 andre ledd&lt;/p&gt;
1674 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1675
1676 &lt;P&gt;De satser vel på at det hele blir glemt over sommeren, og at de
1677 fleste har glemt Standard Norge og ISOs fallitt fra da OOXML ble
1678 jukset igjennom som ISO-standard. Jeg håper mine lesere sender inn
1679 høringsuttalelser til høringen.&lt;/p&gt;
1680
1681 &lt;p&gt;Anbefaler alle å friske opp sine argumenter ved å lese
1682 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_reply_from_Edgar_Villanueva_to_Microsoft_in_Peru.html&quot;&gt;svaret
1683 fra senator Edgar Villanueva til Microsoft i Peru&lt;/a&gt;. Det er en
1684 klassisk tekst som er like gyldig i dag som da det ble skrevet.&lt;/p&gt;
1685
1686 </description>
1687 </item>
1688
1689 <item>
1690 <title>Departementenes servicesenter har ingen avtale om bruk av H.264 med MPEG-LA</title>
1691 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Departementenes_servicesenter_har_ingen_avtale_om_bruk_av_H_264_med_MPEG_LA.html</link>
1692 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Departementenes_servicesenter_har_ingen_avtale_om_bruk_av_H_264_med_MPEG_LA.html</guid>
1693 <pubDate>Fri, 29 Jun 2012 09:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
1694 <description>&lt;p&gt;Da fikk jeg nettopp svar fra
1695 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dss.dep.no/&quot;&gt;Departementenes servicesenter&lt;/a&gt;
1696 (DSS) på
1697 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html&quot;&gt;mitt
1698 spørsmål om avtale rundt bruk av H.264&lt;/a&gt;. De har ingen avtale med
1699 MPEG LA eller dets representanter. Her er svaret.
1700
1701 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1702
1703 &lt;p&gt;Date: Fri, 29 Jun 2012 07:04:42 +0000
1704 &lt;br&gt;From: Nielsen Mette Haga &amp;lt;Mette-Haga.Nielsen (at) dss.dep.no&amp;gt;
1705 &lt;br&gt;To: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;petter.reinholdtsen (at) ...&amp;gt;
1706 &lt;br&gt;CC: Postmottak &amp;lt;Postmottak (at) dss.dep.no&amp;gt;
1707 &lt;br&gt;Subject: SV: Innsynsbegjæring om MPEG/H.264-relaterte avtaler&lt;/p&gt;
1708
1709 &lt;p&gt;DSS har ikke inngått noen egen lisensavtale med MPEG-LA eller noen som
1710 representerer MPEG-LA i Norge. Videoløsningen på regjeringen.no er
1711 levert av Smartcom:tv. Lisensforholdet rundt H.264 er ikke omtalt i
1712 vår avtale med Smartcom.&lt;/p&gt;
1713
1714 &lt;p&gt;Vennlig hilsen&lt;/p&gt;
1715
1716 &lt;p&gt;Mette Haga Nielsen
1717 &lt;br&gt;Fung. seksjonssjef&lt;/p&gt;
1718
1719 &lt;p&gt;Departementenes servicesenter&lt;/p&gt;
1720
1721 &lt;p&gt;Informasjonsforvaltning
1722
1723 &lt;p&gt;Mobil 93 09 83 51
1724 &lt;br&gt;E-post mette-haga.nielsen (at) dss.dep.no&lt;/p&gt;
1725 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1726
1727 &lt;p&gt;Hvis den norske regjeringen representert ved DSS ikke har slik
1728 avtale, så kan en kanskje konkludere med at det ikke trengs? Jeg er
1729 ikke trygg på at det er god juridisk grunn å stå på, men det er i det
1730 minste interessant å vite at hverken NRK eller DSS har funnet det
1731 nødvendig å ha avtale om bruk av H.264.&lt;/p&gt;
1732
1733 &lt;p&gt;Det forklarer ikke hvordan de kan ignorere bruksvilkårene knyttet
1734 til bruk av opphavsrettsbeskyttet materiale de bruker til
1735 videoproduksjon, med mindre slike vilkår kan ignoreres av selskaper og
1736 privatpersoner i Norge. Har de lov til å bryte vilkårene, eller har
1737 de brutt dem og så langt sluppet unna med det? Jeg aner ikke.&lt;/p&gt;
1738 </description>
1739 </item>
1740
1741 <item>
1742 <title>MPEG-LA mener NRK må ha avtale med dem for å kringkaste og publisere H.264-video</title>
1743 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_mener_NRK_m__ha_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html</link>
1744 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/MPEG_LA_mener_NRK_m__ha_avtale_med_dem_for___kringkaste_og_publisere_H_264_video.html</guid>
1745 <pubDate>Thu, 28 Jun 2012 20:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
1746 <description>&lt;p&gt;Etter at NRK
1747 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NRK_nekter___finne_og_utlevere_eventuell_avtale_med_MPEG_LA.html&quot;&gt;nektet
1748 å spore opp eventuell avtale med MPEG-LA&lt;/a&gt; eller andre om bruk av
1749 MPEG/H.264-video etter at jeg &lt;a
1750 href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html&quot;&gt;ba
1751 om innsyn i slike avtaler&lt;/a&gt;, tenkte jeg at i stedet for å forsøke å
1752 få NRK til å finne en slik avtale, så burde det være like enkelt å
1753 spørre MPEG-LA om de hadde avtale med NRK. Spørsmålet ble sendt før
1754 jeg fikk tips fra Kieran Kunhya om hvor listen over lisensinnehavere
1755 &quot;in Good Standing&quot; befant seg. MPEG-LA svarte meg i dag, og kan
1756 fortelle at NRK ikke har noen avtale med dem, så da er i det minste det
1757 slått fast. Ikke overraskende mener MPEG-LA at det trengs en avtale
1758 med MPEG-LA for å streame H.264, men deres rammer er jo
1759 rettstilstanden i USA og ikke Norge. Jeg tar dermed den delen av
1760 svaret med en klype salt. Jeg er dermed fortsatt ikke klok på om det
1761 trengs en avtale, og hvis det trengs en avtale her i Norge, heller
1762 ikke sikker på om NRK har en avtale med noen andre enn MPEG-LA som
1763 gjør at de ikke trenger avtale direkte med MPEG-LA. Jeg håper NRKs
1764 jurister har vurdert dette, og at det er mulig å få tilgang til
1765 vurderingen uansett om de trenger en avtale eller ikke.&lt;/p&gt;
1766
1767 &lt;p&gt;Her er epostutvekslingen med MPEG-LA så langt. Håper ikke
1768 utvekslingen fører til NRK plutselig får en litt uventet pakke fra
1769 MPEG-LA.&lt;/p&gt;
1770
1771 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1772 &lt;p&gt;Date: Mon, 25 Jun 2012 15:29:37 +0200
1773 &lt;br&gt;From: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&amp;gt;
1774 &lt;br&gt;To: licensing-web (at) mpegla.com
1775 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
1776
1777 &lt;p&gt;Hi. I have a small question for you, that I hope it is OK that I
1778 ask.&lt;/p&gt;
1779
1780 &lt;p&gt;Is there any license agreements between MPEG-LA and NRK, &amp;lt;URL:
1781 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nrk.no/&quot;&gt;http://www.nrk.no/&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;, the
1782 Norwegian national broadcasting cooperation? I am not sure if they
1783 need one, and am just curious if such agreeement exist.&lt;/p&gt;
1784
1785 &lt;p&gt;The postal address is&lt;/p&gt;
1786
1787 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1788 NRK
1789 &lt;br&gt;Postbox 8500, Majorstuen
1790 &lt;br&gt;0340 Oslo
1791 &lt;br&gt;Norway
1792 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1793
1794 &lt;p&gt;if it make it easier for you to locate such agreement.&lt;/p&gt;
1795
1796 &lt;p&gt;Can you tell me how many entities in Norway have an agreement with
1797 MPEG-LA, and the name of these entities?&lt;/p&gt;
1798
1799 &lt;p&gt;--
1800 &lt;br&gt;Happy hacking
1801 &lt;br&gt;Petter Reinholdtsen
1802 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1803
1804 &lt;p&gt;I dag, to dager senere, fikk jeg følgende svar:&lt;/p&gt;
1805
1806 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1807 &lt;p&gt;Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2012 14:11:17 +0000
1808 &lt;br&gt;From: Ryan Rodriguez &amp;lt;RRodriguez (at) mpegla.com&gt;
1809 &lt;br&gt;To: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&gt;
1810 &lt;br&gt;CC: MD Administration &amp;lt;MDAdministration (at) mpegla.com&gt;
1811 &lt;br&gt;Subject: RE: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
1812
1813 &lt;p&gt;Dear Mr. Reinholdtsen,&lt;/p&gt;
1814
1815 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your message and for your interest in MPEG LA. We
1816 appreciate hearing from you and I will be happy to assist you.&lt;/p&gt;
1817
1818 &lt;p&gt;To begin, I will assume that you are referring to AVC/H.264
1819 technology in your message below, as this technology is commonly used
1820 in the transmission of video content. In that case, please allow me
1821 to briefly summarize the coverage provided by our AVC Patent Portfolio
1822 License.&lt;/p&gt;
1823
1824 &lt;P&gt;Our AVC License provides coverage for end products and video
1825 services that make use of AVC/H.264 technology. Accordingly, the
1826 party offering such end products and video to End Users concludes the
1827 AVC License and is responsible for paying the applicable royalties
1828 associated with the end products/video they offer.&lt;/p&gt;
1829
1830 &lt;p&gt;While the Norwegian Broadcast Corporation (NRK) is not currently a
1831 Licensee to MPEG LA&#39;s AVC License (or any other Portfolio License
1832 offered by MPEG LA), if NRK offers AVC Video to End Users for
1833 remuneration (for example, Title-by-Title, Subscription, Free
1834 Television, or Internet Broadcast AVC Video), then NRK will need to
1835 conclude the AVC License and may be responsible for paying applicable
1836 royalties associated with the AVC Video it distributes.&lt;/p&gt;
1837
1838 &lt;p&gt;Today I will send you a FedEx package containing a copy of our AVC
1839 License for your review. You should receive the License document
1840 within the next few days.&lt;/p&gt;
1841
1842 &lt;p&gt;Meanwhile, MPEG LA currently has several Norwegian Licensees that
1843 can be found under the &quot;Licensees&quot; header within the respective
1844 portion of our website. For example, you may find our list of
1845 Licensees in Good Standing to our AVC License in the AVC portion of
1846 our website,
1847 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Licensees.aspx&quot;&gt;http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Licensees.aspx&lt;/a&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1848
1849 &lt;p&gt;I hope the above information is helpful. If you have additional
1850 questions or need further assistance with the AVC License, please feel
1851 free to contact me directly. I look forward to hearing from you again
1852 soon.&lt;/p&gt;
1853
1854 &lt;p&gt;Best regards,&lt;/p&gt;
1855
1856 &lt;p&gt;Ryan&lt;/p&gt;
1857
1858 &lt;p&gt;Ryan M. Rodriguez
1859 &lt;br&gt;Licensing Associate
1860 &lt;br&gt;MPEG LA
1861 &lt;br&gt;5425 Wisconsin Avenue
1862 &lt;br&gt;Suite 801
1863 &lt;br&gt;Chevy Chase, MD 20815
1864 &lt;br&gt;U.S.A.
1865 &lt;br&gt;Phone: +1 (301) 986-6660 x211
1866 &lt;br&gt;Fax: +1 (301) 986-8575
1867 &lt;br&gt;Email: rrodriguez (at) mpegla.com&lt;/p&gt;
1868
1869 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1870
1871 &lt;p&gt;Meldingen om utsendt FedEx-pakke var så merkelig at jeg
1872 øyeblikkelig sendte svar tilbake og spurte hva i alle dager han mente,
1873 da han jo ikke hadde fått noen postadresse som nådde meg.&lt;/p&gt;
1874
1875 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1876
1877 &lt;p&gt;Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2012 16:36:15 +0200
1878 &lt;br&gt;From: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&amp;gt;
1879 &lt;br&gt;To: Ryan Rodriguez &amp;lt;RRodriguez (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
1880 &lt;br&gt;Cc: MD Administration &amp;lt;MDAdministration (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
1881 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Re: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
1882
1883 &lt;p&gt;[Ryan Rodriguez]
1884 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; Dear Mr. Reinholdtsen,&lt;/p&gt;
1885
1886 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your quick reply.&lt;/p&gt;
1887
1888 &lt;p&gt;&amp;gt; Today I will send you a FedEx package containing a copy of our AVC
1889 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; License for your review. You should receive the License document
1890 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; within the next few days.&lt;/p&gt;
1891
1892 &lt;p&gt;The part about sending a FedEx package confused me, though. I did not
1893 &lt;br&gt;give you my address, nor am I associated with NRK in any way, so I hope
1894 &lt;br&gt;you did not try to send me a package using the address of NRK. If you
1895 &lt;br&gt;would send me the Internet address of to the document, it would be more
1896 &lt;br&gt;useful to me to be able to download it as an electronic document.&lt;/p&gt;
1897
1898 &lt;p&gt;&amp;gt; Meanwhile, MPEG LA currently has several Norwegian Licensees that can
1899 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; be found under the &quot;Licensees&quot; header within the respective portion
1900 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; of our website. For example, you may find our list of Licensees in
1901 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; Good Standing to our AVC License in the AVC portion of our website,
1902 &lt;br&gt;&amp;gt; http://www.mpegla.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Licensees.aspx&lt;/p&gt;
1903
1904 &lt;p&gt;How can I recognize the Norwegian licensees?&lt;/p&gt;
1905
1906 &lt;p&gt;--
1907 &lt;br&gt;Happy hacking
1908 &lt;br&gt;Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
1909 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1910
1911 &lt;p&gt;Selv om jeg svarte kun noen minutter etter at jeg fikk eposten fra
1912 MPEG-LA, fikk jeg eposten under som automatisk var beskjed på min
1913 siste epost. Får håpe noen likevel følger opp &quot;FedEx-pakken&quot;. For å
1914 øke sjansen for at noen revurderer utsending av pakke uten mottaker,
1915 videresendte jeg min epost til swolf (at) mpegla.com, så får vi se.
1916 Har ikke hørt noe mer 3 timer senere, så jeg mistenker at ingen leste
1917 min epost tidsnok.&lt;/p&gt;
1918
1919 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1920
1921 &lt;p&gt;Date: Thu, 28 Jun 2012 14:36:20 +0000
1922 &lt;br&gt;From: Ryan Rodriguez &amp;lt;RRodriguez (at) mpegla.com&amp;gt;
1923 &lt;br&gt;To: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere (at) hungry.com&amp;gt;
1924 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Automatic reply: Do NRK have a license agreement with MPEG-LA?&lt;/p&gt;
1925
1926 &lt;p&gt;Thank you for your message.&lt;/p&gt;
1927
1928 &lt;p&gt;I will be out of the office until Thursday, July 5 and will respond
1929 to all messages upon my return. If this is a matter that requires
1930 immediate attention, please contact Sidney Wolf (swolf (at)
1931 mpegla.com)&lt;/p&gt;
1932
1933 &lt;p&gt;Best regards,&lt;/p&gt;
1934
1935 &lt;p&gt;Ryan&lt;/p&gt;
1936
1937 &lt;p&gt;Ryan M. Rodriguez
1938 &lt;br&gt;Licensing Associate
1939 &lt;br&gt;MPEG LA&lt;/p&gt;
1940
1941 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1942
1943 &lt;p&gt;Litt klokere, men fortsatt ikke klok på mitt opprinnelige spørsmål,
1944 som er om en trenger avtale med MPEG-LA for å publisere eller
1945 kringkaste H.264-video i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;
1946 </description>
1947 </item>
1948
1949 <item>
1950 <title>NRK nekter å finne og utlevere eventuell avtale med MPEG-LA</title>
1951 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NRK_nekter___finne_og_utlevere_eventuell_avtale_med_MPEG_LA.html</link>
1952 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NRK_nekter___finne_og_utlevere_eventuell_avtale_med_MPEG_LA.html</guid>
1953 <pubDate>Mon, 25 Jun 2012 15:10:00 +0200</pubDate>
1954 <description>&lt;p&gt;Jeg fikk nettopp svar fra NRK på
1955 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html&quot;&gt;min
1956 forespørsel om kopi av avtale&lt;/a&gt; med MPEG-LA eller andre om bruk av
1957 MPEG og/eller H.264. Svaret har fått saksreferanse 2011/371 (mon tro
1958 hva slags sak fra 2011 dette er?) hos NRK og lyder som følger:&lt;/p&gt;
1959
1960 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
1961
1962 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Svar på innsynsbegjæring i MPEG / H.264-relaterte
1963 avtaler&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1964
1965 &lt;p&gt;Viser til innsynsbegjæring av 19. juni 2012. Kravet om innsyn
1966 gjelder avtale som gjør at NRK «ikke er begrenset av de generelle
1967 bruksvilkårene som gjelder for utstyr som bruker MPEG og/eller
1968 H.264».&lt;/p&gt;
1969
1970 &lt;p&gt;I henhold til offentleglova § 28 annet ledd må innsynskravet gjelde
1971 en bestemt sak eller i rimelig utstrekning saker av en bestemt
1972 sak. Det er på det rene at det aktuelle innsynskravet ikke gjelder en
1973 bestemt sak. Spørsmålet som reiser seg er om identifiseringsgraden er
1974 tilstrekkelig. I Justisdepartementets «Rettleiar til offentleglova»
1975 står følgende:&lt;/p&gt;
1976
1977 &lt;p&gt;«Kravet om at innsynskravet må gjelde ei bestemt sak er til hinder
1978 for at eit innsynskrav kan gjelde alle saker av ein bestemt art, utan
1979 at den enkelte saka blir identifisert. Ein kan med andre ord i
1980 utgangspunktet ikkje krevje innsyn i til dømes alle saker om
1981 utsleppsløyve hos Statens forureiningstilsyn frå dei siste tre åra,
1982 med mindre ein identifiserer kvar enkelt sak, til dømes med tilvising
1983 til dato, partar eller liknande.»&lt;/p&gt;
1984
1985 &lt;p&gt;Vedrørende denne begrensningen har Justisdepartementet uttalt
1986 følgende (Lovavdelingens uttalelser JDLOV-2010-3295):&lt;/p&gt;
1987
1988 &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Bakgrunnen for avgrensinga av kva innsynskravet kan gjelde,
1989 er fyrst og fremst at meir generelle innsynskrav, utan noka form for
1990 identifikasjon av kva ein eigentleg ynskjer, ville vere svært
1991 vanskelege å handsame for forvaltninga.»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
1992
1993 &lt;p&gt;I samme sak uttaler Lovavdelingen følgende:&lt;/p&gt;
1994
1995 &lt;p&gt;&lt;em&gt;«Det følgjer vidare av offentleglova § 28 andre ledd at det `i
1996 rimeleg utstrekning&#39; kan krevjast innsyn i `saker av ein bestemt
1997 art&#39;. Vilkåret om at eit innsynskrav berre `i rimeleg utstrekning&#39; kan
1998 gjelde saker av ein bestemt art, er i hovudsak knytt til kor
1999 arbeidskrevjande det vil vere å finne fram til dei aktuelle
2000 dokumenta. I tillegg reknar vi med at vilkåret kan gje grunnlag for å
2001 nekte innsyn i tilfelle der innsynskravet er så omfattande (gjeld så
2002 mange dokument) at arbeidsmengda som ville gått med til å handsame
2003 det, er større enn det ein `i rimeleg utstrekning&#39; kan krevje (sjølv
2004 om det nok skal mykje til).»&lt;/em&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2005
2006 &lt;p&gt;NRK har ikke noen egen sammenstilling over avtaler innenfor
2007 bestemte områder som omtales i innsynsbegjæringen. De måtte søkes på
2008 vanlig måte. I tillegg finnes ikke noen automatisert måte å finne
2009 avtaler som «ikke er begrenset av de generelle bruksvilkårene som
2010 gjelder for utstyr som bruker MPEG og/eller H.264». En slik
2011 gjennomgang av avtaler måtte gjøres manuelt av en person med
2012 spesialistkunnskap. Dette vil kreve at NRK avsetter omfattende
2013 ressurser for å finne frem relevante avtaler og for deretter å vurdere
2014 om de dekkes av det innsynsbegjæringen omfattes.&lt;/p&gt;
2015
2016 &lt;p&gt;På bakgrunn av dette nekter NRK innsyn, med den begrunnelsen at
2017 innsynskravet er så omfattende at arbeidsmengden for å håndtere kravet
2018 vil være langt større enn det som i rimelig utstrekning kan kreves i
2019 henhold til offentleglova § 28 annet ledd.&lt;/p&gt;
2020
2021 &lt;p&gt;Avslag på deres innsynsbegjæring kan påklages til Kultur- og
2022 kirkedepartementet innen tre uker fra det tidspunkt avslaget kommer
2023 frem til mottakeren, i henhold til reglene i offentleglova § 32,
2024 jf. forvaltningsloven kapittel VI. Klagen skal stiles til Kultur- og
2025 kirkedepartementet, og sendes til NRK.&lt;/p&gt;
2026
2027 &lt;p&gt;NRK er imidlertid etter Offentleglova forpliktet å gi ut journaler,
2028 slik at en eventuell søknad om innsyn kan tydeligere identifisere
2029 hvilke dokumenter som det ønskes innsyn i. NRKs offentlige journaler
2030 for inneværende og forrige måned ligger ute på
2031 NRK.no/innsyn. Journaler som går lengre tilbake i tid, kan sendes ut
2032 på forespørsel til innsyn (at) nrk.no.&lt;/p&gt;
2033
2034 &lt;p&gt;Med hilsen
2035 &lt;br&gt;Dokumentarkivet i NRK
2036 &lt;br&gt;v/ Elin Brandsrud
2037 &lt;br&gt;Tel. direkte: 23 04 29 29
2038 &lt;br&gt;Post: RBM3, Postboks 8500 Majorstuen, 0340 Oslo
2039 &lt;br&gt;innsyn (at) nrk.no&lt;/p&gt;
2040
2041 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2042
2043 &lt;p&gt;Svaret kom
2044 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/images/2012-06-25-video-mpegla-nrk.pdf&quot;&gt;i
2045 PDF-form som vedlegg på epost&lt;/a&gt;. Jeg er litt usikker på hvordan jeg
2046 best går videre for å bli klok, men jeg har jo i hvert fall tre uker
2047 på å vurdere om jeg skal klage. Enten må nok forespørselen
2048 reformuleres eller så må jeg vel klage. Synes jo det er merkelig at
2049 NRK ikke har bedre kontroll med hvilke avtaler de har inngått. Det
2050 burde jo være noen i ledelsen som vet om de har signert en avtale med
2051 MPEG-LA eller ikke...&lt;/p&gt;
2052
2053 &lt;p&gt;Oppdatering 2012-06-25 20:20: Et google-søk på &quot;2011/371 nrk&quot;
2054 sendte meg til postjournalen for
2055 &lt;a href=&quot;http://nrk.no/contentfile/file/1.8212365!offentligjournal19062012.pdf&quot;&gt;2012-06-19&lt;/a&gt;
2056 og
2057 &lt;a href=&quot;http://nrk.no/contentfile/file/1.8214156!offentligjournal20062012.pdf&quot;&gt;2012-06-20&lt;/a&gt;
2058 hos NRK som viser mine forespørsler og viser at sakens tittel hos NRK
2059 er &quot;Graphic Systems Regions MA 2378/10E&quot;. Videre søk etter &quot;Graphic
2060 Systems Regions&quot; viser at dette er saken til et anbud om
2061 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://no.mercell.com/m/mts/Tender/27179412.aspx&quot;&gt;a graphics
2062 system for 12 or 13 sites broadcasting regional news&lt;/a&gt;&quot; hos Mercell
2063 Sourcing Service, også omtalt på
2064 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.publictenders.net/tender/595705&quot;&gt;Public
2065 Tenders&lt;/a&gt; og
2066 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.doffin.no/search/show/search_view.aspx?ID=JAN155521&quot;&gt;Doffin&lt;/a&gt;.
2067 Jeg er dog usikker på hvordan dette er relatert til min
2068 forespørsel.&lt;/p&gt;
2069
2070 &lt;p&gt;Oppdatering 2012-06-25 22:40: Ble tipset av Kieran Kunhya, fra
2071 miljøet rundt
2072 &lt;a href=&quot;http://code.google.com/p/open-broadcast-encoder/&quot;&gt;Open
2073 Broadcast Encoder&lt;/a&gt;, at listen over de som har lisensavtale med
2074 MPEG-LA er
2075 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpeg-la.com/main/programs/AVC/Pages/Licensees.aspx&quot;&gt;tilgjengelig
2076 på web&lt;/a&gt;. Veldig fint å oppdage hvor den finnes, da jeg må ha lett
2077 etter feil ting da jeg forsøke å finne den. Der står ikke NRK, men
2078 flere andre &quot;Broadcasting Company&quot;-oppføringer. Lurer på om det betyr
2079 at NRK ikke trenger avtale, eller noe helt annet?&lt;/p&gt;
2080 </description>
2081 </item>
2082
2083 <item>
2084 <title>Trenger en avtale med MPEG-LA for å publisere og kringkaste H.264-video?</title>
2085 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html</link>
2086 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Trenger_en_avtale_med_MPEG_LA_for___publisere_og_kringkaste_H_264_video_.html</guid>
2087 <pubDate>Thu, 21 Jun 2012 13:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
2088 <description>&lt;p&gt;Trengs det avtale med MPEG-LA for å ha lovlig rett til å
2089 distribuere og kringkaste video i MPEG4 eller med videokodingen H.264?
2090 &lt;a href=&quot;http://webmink.com/essays/h-264/&quot;&gt;H.264 og MPEG4 er jo ikke en
2091 fri og åpen standard&lt;/a&gt; i henhold til
2092 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fri_og__pen_standard__slik_Digistan_ser_det.html&quot;&gt;definisjonen
2093 til Digistan&lt;/a&gt;, så i enkelte land er det ingen tvil om at du må ha
2094 en slik avtale, men jeg må innrømme at jeg ikke vet om det også
2095 gjelder Norge. Det ser uansett ut til å være en juridisk interessant
2096 problemstilling. Men jeg tenkte her om dagen som så, at hvis det er
2097 nødvendig, så har store aktører som
2098 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nrk.no/&quot;&gt;NRK&lt;/a&gt; og
2099 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/&quot;&gt;regjeringen&lt;/a&gt; skaffet seg en
2100 slik avtale. Jeg har derfor sendt forespørsel til begge (for
2101 regjeringen sin del er det Departementenes Servicesenter som gjør
2102 jobben), og bedt om kopi av eventuelle avtaler de har om bruk av MPEG
2103 og/eller H.264 med MPEG-LA eller andre aktører som opererer på vegne
2104 av MPEG-LA. Her er kopi av eposten jeg har sendt til
2105 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dss.dep.no/&quot;&gt;Departementenes Servicesenter&lt;/a&gt;.
2106 Forespørselen til NRK er veldig lik.&lt;/p&gt;
2107
2108 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2109
2110 &lt;p&gt;Date: Tue, 19 Jun 2012 15:18:33 +0200
2111 &lt;br&gt;From: Petter Reinholdtsen
2112 &lt;br&gt;To: postmottak@dss.dep.no
2113 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Innsynsbegjæring om MPEG/H.264-relaterte avtaler
2114
2115 &lt;p&gt;Hei. Jeg ber herved om innsyn og kopi av dokumenter i DSS relatert
2116 til avtaler rundt bruk av videoformatene MPEG og H.264. Jeg er
2117 spesielt interessert i å vite om DSS har lisensavtale med MPEG-LA
2118 eller noen som representerer MPEG-LA i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;
2119
2120 &lt;p&gt;MPEG og H.264 er videoformater som brukes både til kringkasting
2121 (f.eks. i bakkenett og kabel-TV) og videopublisering på web, deriblant
2122 via Adobe Flash. MPEG-LA, &amp;lt;URL:
2123 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpeg-la.com/&quot;&gt;http://www.mpeg-la.com/&lt;/a&gt; &amp;gt;, er
2124 en organisasjon som har fått oppgaven, av de kjente rettighetshavere
2125 av immaterielle rettigheter knyttet til MPEG og H.264, å selge
2126 bruksrett for MPEG og H.264.&lt;/p&gt;
2127
2128 &lt;p&gt;Via regjeringen.no kringkastes med MPEG og H.264-baserte
2129 videoformater, og dette ser ut til å være organisert av DSS. Jeg
2130 antar dermed at DSS har avtale med en eller annen aktør om dette.&lt;/p&gt;
2131
2132 &lt;p&gt;F.eks. har Adobe Premiere Pro har følgende klausul i følge &amp;lt;URL:
2133 &lt;a href=&quot;http://news.cnet.com/8301-30685_3-20000101-264.html&quot;&gt;http://news.cnet.com/8301-30685_3-20000101-264.html&lt;/a&gt;
2134 &amp;gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
2135
2136 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2137
2138 &lt;p&gt;6.17. AVC DISTRIBUTION. The following notice applies to software
2139 containing AVC import and export functionality: THIS PRODUCT IS
2140 LICENSED UNDER THE AVC PATENT PORTFOLIO LICENSE FOR THE PERSONAL AND
2141 NON-COMMERCIAL USE OF A CONSUMER TO (a) ENCODE VIDEO IN COMPLIANCE
2142 WITH THE AVC STANDARD (&quot;AVC VIDEO&quot;) AND/OR (b) DECODE AVC VIDEO THAT
2143 WAS ENCODED BY A CONSUMER ENGAGED IN A PERSONAL AND NON-COMMERCIAL
2144 ACTIVITY AND/OR AVC VIDEO THAT WAS OBTAINED FROM A VIDEO PROVIDER
2145 LICENSED TO PROVIDE AVC VIDEO. NO LICENSE IS GRANTED OR SHALL BE
2146 IMPLIED FOR ANY OTHER USE. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION MAY BE OBTAINED
2147 FROM MPEG LA L.L.C. SEE
2148 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com&quot;&gt;http://www.mpegla.com&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
2149
2150 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2151
2152 &lt;p&gt;Her er det kun &quot;non-commercial&quot; og &quot;personal and non-commercial&quot;
2153 aktivitet som er tillatt uten ekstra avtale med MPEG-LA.&lt;/p&gt;
2154
2155 &lt;p&gt;Et annet tilsvarende eksempel er Apple Final Cut Pro, som har
2156 følgende klausul i følge &amp;lt;URL:
2157 &lt;a href=&quot;http://images.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/finalcutstudio2.pdf&quot;&gt;http://images.apple.com/legal/sla/docs/finalcutstudio2.pdf&lt;/a&gt;
2158 &amp;gt;:&lt;/p&gt;
2159
2160 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2161
2162 &lt;p&gt;15. Merknad om H.264/AVC. Hvis Apple-programvaren inneholder
2163 funksjonalitet for AVC-koding og/eller AVC-dekoding, krever
2164 kommersiell bruk ekstra lisensiering og følgende gjelder:
2165 AVC-FUNKSJONALITETEN I DETTE PRODUKTET KAN KUN ANVENDES AV
2166 FORBRUKERE OG KUN FOR PERSONLIG OG IKKE- KOMMERSIELL BRUK TIL (i)
2167 KODING AV VIDEO I OVERENSSTEMMELSE MED AVC-STANDARDEN (&quot;AVC-VIDEO&quot;)
2168 OG/ELLER (ii) DEKODING AV AVC-VIDEO SOM ER KODET AV EN FORBRUKER TIL
2169 PERSONLIG OG IKKE-KOMMERSIELL BRUK OG/ELLER DEKODING AV AVC-VIDEO
2170 FRA EN VIDEOLEVERANDØR SOM HAR LISENS TIL Å TILBY
2171 AVC-VIDEO. INFORMASJON OM ANNEN BRUK OG LISENSIERING KAN INNHENTES
2172 FRA MPEG LA L.L.C. SE HTTP://WWW.MPEGLA.COM.&lt;/p&gt;
2173 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2174
2175 &lt;p&gt;Tilsvarende gjelder for andre programvarepakker, kamera, etc som
2176 bruker MPEG og H.264, at en må ha en avtale med MPEG-LA for å ha lov
2177 til å bruke programmet/utstyret hvis en skal lage noe annet enn
2178 private filmer og i ikke-kommersiell virksomhet.&lt;/p&gt;
2179
2180 &lt;p&gt;Jeg er altså interessert i kopi av avtaler DSS har som gjør at en
2181 ikke er begrenset av de generelle bruksvilkårene som gjelder for
2182 utstyr som bruker MPEG og/eller H.264.&lt;/p&gt;
2183 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2184
2185 &lt;p&gt;Nå venter jeg spent på svaret. Jeg planlegger å blogge om svaret
2186 her.&lt;/p&gt;
2187 </description>
2188 </item>
2189
2190 <item>
2191 <title>The cost of ODF and OOXML</title>
2192 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_cost_of_ODF_and_OOXML.html</link>
2193 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_cost_of_ODF_and_OOXML.html</guid>
2194 <pubDate>Sat, 26 May 2012 18:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
2195 <description>&lt;p&gt;I just come across a blog post from Glyn Moody reporting the
2196 claimed cost from Microsoft on requiring ODF to be used by the UK
2197 government. I just sent him an email to let him know that his
2198 assumption are most likely wrong. Sharing it here in case some of my
2199 blog readers have seem the same numbers float around in the UK.&lt;/p&gt;
2200
2201 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt; &lt;p&gt;Hi. I just noted your
2202 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/open-enterprise/2012/04/does-microsoft-office-lock-in-cost-the-uk-government-500-million/index.htm&quot;&gt;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/open-enterprise/2012/04/does-microsoft-office-lock-in-cost-the-uk-government-500-million/index.htm&lt;/a&gt;
2203 comment:&lt;/p&gt;
2204
2205 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;They&#39;re all in Danish, not unreasonably, but even
2206 with the help of Google Translate I can&#39;t find any figures about the
2207 savings of &quot;moving to a flexible two standard&quot; as claimed by the
2208 Microsoft email. But I assume it is backed up somewhere, so let&#39;s take
2209 it, and the £500 million figure for the UK, on trust.&quot;
2210 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2211
2212 &lt;p&gt;I can tell you that the Danish reports are inflated. I believe it is
2213 the same reports that were used in the Norwegian debate around 2007,
2214 and Gisle Hannemyr (a well known IT commentator in Norway) had a look
2215 at the content. In short, the reason it is claimed that using ODF
2216 will be so costly, is based on the assumption that this mean every
2217 existing document need to be converted from one of the MS Office
2218 formats to ODF, transferred to the receiver, and converted back from
2219 ODF to one of the MS Office formats, and that the conversion will cost
2220 10 minutes of work time for both the sender and the receiver. In
2221 reality the sender would have a tool capable of saving to ODF, and the
2222 receiver would have a tool capable of reading it, and the time spent
2223 would at most be a few seconds for saving and loading, not 20 minutes
2224 of wasted effort.&lt;/p&gt;
2225
2226 &lt;p&gt;Microsoft claimed all these costs were saved by allowing people to
2227 transfer the original files from MS Office instead of spending 10
2228 minutes converting to ODF. :)&lt;/p&gt;
2229
2230 &lt;p&gt;See
2231 &lt;a href=&quot;http://hannemyr.com/no/ms12_vl02.php&quot;&gt;http://hannemyr.com/no/ms12_vl02.php&lt;/a&gt;
2232 and
2233 &lt;a href=&quot;http://hannemyr.com/no/ms12.php&quot;&gt;http://hannemyr.com/no/ms12.php&lt;/a&gt;
2234 for background information. Norwegian only, sorry. :)&lt;/p&gt;
2235 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2236 </description>
2237 </item>
2238
2239 <item>
2240 <title>OpenOffice.org fungerer da fint for blinde?</title>
2241 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/OpenOffice_org_fungerer_da_fint_for_blinde_.html</link>
2242 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/OpenOffice_org_fungerer_da_fint_for_blinde_.html</guid>
2243 <pubDate>Mon, 21 May 2012 23:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
2244 <description>&lt;p&gt;De siste dagene har høringsuttalelsene om DIFIs forslag til
2245 standardkatalog v3.1 blitt
2246 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/hoyring/hoyring-om-nye-anbefalte-it-standarder?tab=comments&quot;&gt;publisert
2247 på DIFIs nettside&lt;/a&gt;, og jeg kunne der glede meg over at
2248 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/201204-standardkatalog-v3.1&quot;&gt;NUUGs&lt;/a&gt;
2249 uttalelse er kommet med. En uttalelse som overrasker og forvirrer meg
2250 er
2251 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/filearchive/norges-blindeforbund.pdf&quot;&gt;den
2252 fra Norges Blindeforbund&lt;/a&gt;, som 5 år etter at Klaus Knopper sammen
2253 med sin blinde kone blant annet
2254 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20071211-accessibility/&quot;&gt;demonstrerte
2255 høyttalende OpenOffice.org på nynorsk for blinde&lt;/a&gt; på et NUUG-møte.&lt;/p&gt;
2256
2257 &lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;https://www.blindeforbundet.no/&quot;&gt;Norges Blindeforbund&lt;/a&gt;
2258 skriver følgende, som for meg virker å være formulert på sviktende
2259 grunnlag:&lt;/p&gt;
2260
2261 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2262 &lt;p&gt;Bruk av fri programvare
2263
2264 &lt;p&gt;I FRIPROGSENTERET, RAPPORT 2009-02: Universell utforming
2265 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.kunnskapsbazaren.no/filer/Friprogsenteret-Rapport-Universell_utforming.pdf&quot;&gt;http://www.kunnskapsbazaren.no/filer/Friprogsenteret-Rapport-Universell_utforming.pdf&lt;/a&gt;
2266 sies det &quot;Det finnes i dag ikke mange fri programvare-rammeverk eller
2267 generelle løsninger som støtter tilgjengelighet eller som er
2268 universelt utformet.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
2269
2270 &lt;p&gt;Til tross for at det gjennom prinsippene i fri programvare åpnes
2271 for større frihet til selv å påvirke programvareløsninger i retning av
2272 universell utforming viser praksis at virkeligheten er en annen.
2273 Mange av de mest alminnelige frie programvarepakkene mangler delvis
2274 eller fullstendig tilgjengelighet for mennesker med nedsatt
2275 syn. Eksempler på dette er OpenOffice og LibreOffice m.fl.&lt;/p&gt;
2276
2277 &lt;p&gt;En annen utfordring ved bruk av fri programvare kan være manglende
2278 kundestøtte og muligheter til opplæring i bruk av løsningen. Svaksynte
2279 og blinde har et høyere behov for denne typen støtte enn andre brukere
2280 ettersom mange av dem har behov for tilleggsprogramvare som skal
2281 fungere sammen med den opprinnelige programvaren, og ettersom man ikke
2282 har de samme muligheter for overblikk over grensesnittet som en seende
2283 bruker. I tillegg til dette kommer de mer tilgjengelighetstekniske
2284 utfordringene som ofte må løses i samarbeid med
2285 programvareleverandør/produsent.&lt;/p&gt;
2286
2287 &lt;p&gt;Fri programvare er ikke på samme måte underlagt lovgivning gjennom
2288 for eksempel diskriminerings og tilgjengelighetsloven ettersom det
2289 ikke alltid finnes en produsent/tilbyder av tjenesten eller produktet.&lt;/p&gt;
2290
2291 &lt;p&gt;Norges Blindeforbund krever at universell utforming og
2292 brukskvalitet tas med som viktige hensyn i utredninger som ligger til
2293 grunn for valg av standarder som primært leder brukeren mot fri
2294 programvare. Et eksempel på dette er bruk av dokumentformatet ODF som
2295 leder brukeren i retning av OpenOffice, som er helt eller delvis
2296 utilgjengelig for svaksynte og blinde – noe avhengig av plattform og
2297 hjelpemiddelprogramvare.&lt;/p&gt;
2298
2299 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2300
2301 &lt;p&gt;Jeg håper noen involvert i OpenOffice.org og/eller LibreOffice tar
2302 kontakt med Norges Blindeforbund og oppklarer det som for meg virker å
2303 være en misforståelse, i og med at OpenOffice.org så vidt jeg vet
2304 fungerer fint også for blinde.&lt;/p&gt;
2305
2306 &lt;p&gt;Jeg ble minnet på problemstillingen da jeg leste Slashdot-saken om
2307 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://linux.slashdot.org/story/12/05/21/1417221/the-state-of-linux-accessibility&quot;&gt;The
2308 State of Linux Accessibility&lt;/a&gt;&quot;, som også hevder at Linux fungerer
2309 utmerket for blinde.&lt;/p&gt;
2310 </description>
2311 </item>
2312
2313 <item>
2314 <title>NUUGs leverer høringsuttalelse om v3.1 av statens referansekatalog</title>
2315 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUGs_leverer_h_ringsuttalelse_om_v3_1_av_statens_referansekatalog.html</link>
2316 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/NUUGs_leverer_h_ringsuttalelse_om_v3_1_av_statens_referansekatalog.html</guid>
2317 <pubDate>Fri, 27 Apr 2012 15:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
2318 <description>&lt;p&gt;NUUG-styremedlem Hans-Petter Fjeld
2319 &lt;a href=&quot;https://plus.google.com/u/0/110394259537201279374/posts/AGzRmAuFdW1&quot;&gt;meldte
2320 nettopp&lt;/a&gt; at han har sendt inn &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;NUUG&lt;/a&gt;s
2321 høringsuttalelse angående Difi sin standardkatalog v3.1. Jeg er veldig
2322 glad for at så mange bidro og sikret at vår stemme blir hørt i denne
2323 høringen. Anbefaler alle å lese våre
2324 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/201204-standardkatalog-v3.1&quot;&gt;to
2325 sider med innspill&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
2326 </description>
2327 </item>
2328
2329 <item>
2330 <title>HTC One X - Your video? What do you mean?</title>
2331 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/HTC_One_X___Your_video___What_do_you_mean_.html</link>
2332 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/HTC_One_X___Your_video___What_do_you_mean_.html</guid>
2333 <pubDate>Thu, 26 Apr 2012 13:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
2334 <description>&lt;p&gt;In &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article243690.ece&quot;&gt;an
2335 article today&lt;/a&gt; published by Computerworld Norway, the photographer
2336 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.urke.com/eirik/&quot;&gt;Eirik Helland Urke&lt;/a&gt; reports
2337 that the video editor application included with
2338 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.htc.com/www/smartphones/htc-one-x/#specs&quot;&gt;HTC One
2339 X&lt;/a&gt; have some quite surprising terms of use. The article is mostly
2340 based on the twitter message from mister Urke, stating:
2341
2342 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2343 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://twitter.com/urke/status/194062269724897280&quot;&gt;Drøy
2344 brukeravtale: HTC kan bruke MINE redigerte videoer kommersielt. Selv
2345 kan jeg KUN bruke dem privat.&lt;/a&gt;&quot;
2346 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2347
2348 &lt;p&gt;I quickly translated it to this English message:&lt;/p&gt;
2349
2350 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
2351 &quot;Arrogant user agreement: HTC can use MY edited videos
2352 commercially. Although I can ONLY use them privately.&quot;
2353 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2354
2355 &lt;p&gt;I&#39;ve been unable to find the text of the license term myself, but
2356 suspect it is a variation of the MPEG-LA terms I
2357 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Terms_of_use_for_video_produced_by_a_Canon_IXUS_130_digital_camera.html&quot;&gt;discovered
2358 with my Canon IXUS 130&lt;/a&gt;. The HTC One X specification specifies that
2359 the recording format of the phone is .amr for audio and .mp3 for
2360 video. AMR is
2361 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adaptive_Multi-Rate_audio_codec#Licensing_and_patent_issues&quot;&gt;Adaptive
2362 Multi-Rate audio codec&lt;/a&gt; with patents which according to the
2363 Wikipedia article require an license agreement with
2364 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.voiceage.com/&quot;&gt;VoiceAge&lt;/a&gt;. MP4 is
2365 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/H.264/MPEG-4_AVC#Patent_licensing&quot;&gt;MPEG4 with
2366 H.264&lt;/a&gt;, which according to Wikipedia require a licence agreement
2367 with &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.mpegla.com/&quot;&gt;MPEG-LA&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
2368
2369 &lt;p&gt;I know why I prefer
2370 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;free and open
2371 standards&lt;/a&gt; also for video.&lt;/p&gt;
2372 </description>
2373 </item>
2374
2375 <item>
2376 <title>RAND terms - non-reasonable and discriminatory</title>
2377 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/RAND_terms___non_reasonable_and_discriminatory.html</link>
2378 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/RAND_terms___non_reasonable_and_discriminatory.html</guid>
2379 <pubDate>Thu, 19 Apr 2012 22:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
2380 <description>&lt;p&gt;Here in Norway, the
2381 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/fad.html?id=339&quot;&gt; Ministry of
2382 Government Administration, Reform and Church Affairs&lt;/a&gt; is behind
2383 a &lt;a href=&quot;http://standard.difi.no/forvaltningsstandarder&quot;&gt;directory of
2384 standards&lt;/a&gt; that are recommended or mandatory for use by the
2385 government. When the directory was created, the people behind it made
2386 an effort to ensure that everyone would be able to implement the
2387 standards and compete on equal terms to supply software and solutions
2388 to the government. Free software and non-free software could compete
2389 on the same level.&lt;/p&gt;
2390
2391 &lt;p&gt;But recently, some standards with RAND
2392 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reasonable_and_non-discriminatory_licensing&quot;&gt;Reasonable
2393 And Non-Discriminatory&lt;/a&gt;) terms have made their way into the
2394 directory. And while this might not sound too bad, the fact is that
2395 standard specifications with RAND terms often block free software from
2396 implementing them. The reasonable part of RAND mean that the cost per
2397 user/unit is low,and the non-discriminatory part mean that everyone
2398 willing to pay will get a license. Both sound great in theory. In
2399 practice, to get such license one need to be able to count users, and
2400 be able to pay a small amount of money per unit or user. By
2401 definition, users of free software do not need to register their use.
2402 So counting users or units is not possible for free software projects.
2403 And given that people will use the software without handing any money
2404 to the author, it is not really economically possible for a free
2405 software author to pay a small amount of money to license the rights
2406 to implement a standard when the income available is zero. The result
2407 in these situations is that free software are locked out from
2408 implementing standards with RAND terms.&lt;/p&gt;
2409
2410 &lt;p&gt;Because of this, when I see someone claiming the terms of a
2411 standard is reasonable and non-discriminatory, all I can think of is
2412 how this really is non-reasonable and discriminatory. Because free
2413 software developers are working in a global market, it does not really
2414 help to know that software patents are not supposed to be enforceable
2415 in Norway. The patent regimes in other countries affect us even here.
2416 I really hope the people behind the standard directory will pay more
2417 attention to these issues in the future.&lt;/p&gt;
2418
2419 &lt;p&gt;You can find more on the issues with RAND, FRAND and RAND-Z terms
2420 from Simon Phipps
2421 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/simon-says/2010/11/rand-not-so-reasonable/&quot;&gt;RAND:
2422 Not So Reasonable?&lt;/a&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;
2423
2424 &lt;p&gt;Update 2012-04-21: Just came across a
2425 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/open-enterprise/2012/04/of-microsoft-netscape-patents-and-open-standards/index.htm&quot;&gt;blog
2426 post from Glyn Moody&lt;/a&gt; over at Computer World UK warning about the
2427 same issue, and urging people to speak out to the UK government. I
2428 can only urge Norwegian users to do the same for
2429 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.standard.difi.no/hoyring/hoyring-om-nye-anbefalte-it-standarder&quot;&gt;the
2430 hearing taking place at the moment&lt;/a&gt; (respond before 2012-04-27).
2431 It proposes to require video conferencing standards including
2432 specifications with RAND terms.&lt;/p&gt;
2433 </description>
2434 </item>
2435
2436 <item>
2437 <title>The video format most supported in web browsers?</title>
2438 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_video_format_most_supported_in_web_browsers_.html</link>
2439 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_video_format_most_supported_in_web_browsers_.html</guid>
2440 <pubDate>Sun, 16 Jan 2011 00:20:00 +0100</pubDate>
2441 <description>&lt;p&gt;The video format struggle on the web continues, and the three
2442 contenders seem to be Ogg Theora, H.264 and WebM. Most video sites
2443 seem to use H.264, while others use Ogg Theora. Interestingly enough,
2444 the comments I see give me the feeling that a lot of people believe
2445 H.264 is the most supported video format in browsers, but according to
2446 the Wikipedia article on
2447 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5_video&quot;&gt;HTML5 video&lt;/a&gt;,
2448 this is not true. Check out the nice table of supprted formats in
2449 different browsers there. The format supported by most browsers is
2450 Ogg Theora, supported by released versions of Mozilla Firefox, Google
2451 Chrome, Chromium, Opera, Konqueror, Epiphany, Origyn Web Browser and
2452 BOLT browser, while not supported by Internet Explorer nor Safari.
2453 The runner up is WebM supported by released versions of Google Chrome
2454 Chromium Opera and Origyn Web Browser, and test versions of Mozilla
2455 Firefox. H.264 is supported by released versions of Safari, Origyn
2456 Web Browser and BOLT browser, and the test version of Internet
2457 Explorer. Those wanting Ogg Theora support in Internet Explorer and
2458 Safari can install plugins to get it.&lt;/p&gt;
2459
2460 &lt;p&gt;To me, the simple conclusion from this is that to reach most users
2461 without any extra software installed, one uses Ogg Theora with the
2462 HTML5 video tag. Of course to reach all those without a browser
2463 handling HTML5, one need fallback mechanisms. In
2464 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/&quot;&gt;NUUG&lt;/a&gt;, we provide first fallback to a
2465 plugin capable of playing MPEG1 video, and those without such support
2466 we have a second fallback to the Cortado java applet playing Ogg
2467 Theora. This seem to work quite well, as can be seen in an &lt;a
2468 href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/aktiviteter/20110111-semantic-web/&quot;&gt;example
2469 from last week&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
2470
2471 &lt;p&gt;The reason Ogg Theora is the most supported format, and H.264 is
2472 the least supported is simple. Implementing and using H.264
2473 require royalty payment to MPEG-LA, and the terms of use from MPEG-LA
2474 are incompatible with free software licensing. If you believed H.264
2475 was without royalties and license terms, check out
2476 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://webmink.com/essays/h-264/&quot;&gt;H.264 – Not The Kind Of
2477 Free That Matters&lt;/a&gt;&quot; by Simon Phipps.&lt;/p&gt;
2478
2479 &lt;p&gt;A incomplete list of sites providing video in Ogg Theora is
2480 available from
2481 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.xiph.org/index.php/List_of_Theora_videos&quot;&gt;the
2482 Xiph.org wiki&lt;/a&gt;, if you want to have a look. I&#39;m not aware of a
2483 similar list for WebM nor H.264.&lt;/p&gt;
2484
2485 &lt;p&gt;Update 2011-01-16 09:40: A question from Tollef on IRC made me
2486 realise that I failed to make it clear enough this text is about the
2487 &amp;lt;video&amp;gt; tag support in browsers and not the video support
2488 provided by external plugins like the Flash plugins.&lt;/p&gt;
2489 </description>
2490 </item>
2491
2492 <item>
2493 <title>Chrome plan to drop H.264 support for HTML5 &amp;lt;video&amp;gt;</title>
2494 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Chrome_plan_to_drop_H_264_support_for_HTML5__lt_video_gt_.html</link>
2495 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Chrome_plan_to_drop_H_264_support_for_HTML5__lt_video_gt_.html</guid>
2496 <pubDate>Wed, 12 Jan 2011 22:10:00 +0100</pubDate>
2497 <description>&lt;p&gt;Today I discovered
2498 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digi.no/860070/google-dropper-h264-stotten-i-chrome&quot;&gt;via
2499 digi.no&lt;/a&gt; that the Chrome developers, in a surprising announcement,
2500 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.chromium.org/2011/01/html-video-codec-support-in-chrome.html&quot;&gt;yesterday
2501 announced&lt;/a&gt; plans to drop H.264 support for HTML5 &amp;lt;video&amp;gt; in
2502 the browser. The argument used is that H.264 is not a &quot;completely
2503 open&quot; codec technology. If you believe H.264 was free for everyone
2504 to use, I recommend having a look at the essay
2505 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://webmink.com/essays/h-264/&quot;&gt;H.264 – Not The Kind Of
2506 Free That Matters&lt;/a&gt;&quot;. It is not free of cost for creators of video
2507 tools, nor those of us that want to publish on the Internet, and the
2508 terms provided by MPEG-LA excludes free software projects from
2509 licensing the patents needed for H.264. Some background information
2510 on the Google announcement is available from
2511 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.osnews.com/story/24243/Google_To_Drop_H264_Support_from_Chrome&quot;&gt;OSnews&lt;/a&gt;.
2512 A good read. :)&lt;/p&gt;
2513
2514 &lt;p&gt;Personally, I believe it is great that Google is taking a stand to
2515 promote equal terms for everyone when it comes to video publishing on
2516 the Internet. This can only be done by publishing using free and open
2517 standards, which is only possible if the web browsers provide support
2518 for these free and open standards. At the moment there seem to be two
2519 camps in the web browser world when it come to video support. Some
2520 browsers support H.264, and others support
2521 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theora.org/&quot;&gt;Ogg Theora&lt;/a&gt; and
2522 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.webmproject.org/&quot;&gt;WebM&lt;/a&gt;
2523 (&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.diracvideo.org/&quot;&gt;Dirac&lt;/a&gt; is not really an option
2524 yet), forcing those of us that want to publish video on the Internet
2525 and which can not accept the terms of use presented by MPEG-LA for
2526 H.264 to not reach all potential viewers.
2527 Wikipedia keep &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HTML5_video&quot;&gt;an
2528 updated summary&lt;/a&gt; of the current browser support.&lt;/p&gt;
2529
2530 &lt;p&gt;Not surprising, several people would prefer Google to keep
2531 promoting H.264, and John Gruber
2532 &lt;a href=&quot;http://daringfireball.net/2011/01/simple_questions&quot;&gt;presents
2533 the mind set&lt;/a&gt; of these people quite well. His rhetorical questions
2534 provoked a reply from Thom Holwerda with another set of questions
2535 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.osnews.com/story/24245/10_Questions_for_John_Gruber_Regarding_H_264_WebM&quot;&gt;presenting
2536 the issues with H.264&lt;/a&gt;. Both are worth a read.&lt;/p&gt;
2537
2538 &lt;p&gt;Some argue that if Google is dropping H.264 because it isn&#39;t free,
2539 they should also drop support for the Adobe Flash plugin. This
2540 argument was covered by Simon Phipps in
2541 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/simon-says/2011/01/google-and-h264---far-from-hypocritical/index.htm&quot;&gt;todays
2542 blog post&lt;/a&gt;, which I find to put the issue in context. To me it
2543 make perfect sense to drop native H.264 support for HTML5 in the
2544 browser while still allowing plugins.&lt;/p&gt;
2545
2546 &lt;p&gt;I suspect the reason this announcement make so many people protest,
2547 is that all the users and promoters of H.264 suddenly get an uneasy
2548 feeling that they might be backing the wrong horse. A lot of TV
2549 broadcasters have been moving to H.264 the last few years, and a lot
2550 of money has been invested in hardware based on the belief that they
2551 could use the same video format for both broadcasting and web
2552 publishing. Suddenly this belief is shaken.&lt;/p&gt;
2553
2554 &lt;p&gt;An interesting question is why Google is doing this. While the
2555 presented argument might be true enough, I believe Google would only
2556 present the argument if the change make sense from a business
2557 perspective. One reason might be that they are currently negotiating
2558 with MPEG-LA over royalties or usage terms, and giving MPEG-LA the
2559 feeling that dropping H.264 completely from Chroome, Youtube and
2560 Google Video would improve the negotiation position of Google.
2561 Another reason might be that Google want to save money by not having
2562 to pay the video tax to MPEG-LA at all, and thus want to move to a
2563 video format not requiring royalties at all. A third reason might be
2564 that the Chrome development team simply want to avoid the
2565 Chrome/Chromium split to get more help with the development of Chrome.
2566 I guess time will tell.&lt;/p&gt;
2567
2568 &lt;p&gt;Update 2011-01-15: The Google Chrome team provided
2569 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blog.chromium.org/2011/01/more-about-chrome-html-video-codec.html&quot;&gt;more
2570 background and information on the move&lt;/a&gt; it a blog post yesterday.&lt;/p&gt;
2571 </description>
2572 </item>
2573
2574 <item>
2575 <title>What standards are Free and Open as defined by Digistan?</title>
2576 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_standards_are_Free_and_Open_as_defined_by_Digistan_.html</link>
2577 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/What_standards_are_Free_and_Open_as_defined_by_Digistan_.html</guid>
2578 <pubDate>Thu, 30 Dec 2010 23:15:00 +0100</pubDate>
2579 <description>&lt;p&gt;After trying to
2580 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_Ogg_Theora_a_free_and_open_standard_.html&quot;&gt;compare
2581 Ogg Theora&lt;/a&gt; to
2582 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;the Digistan
2583 definition&lt;/a&gt; of a free and open standard, I concluded that this need
2584 to be done for more standards and started on a framework for doing
2585 this. As a start, I want to get the status for all the standards in
2586 the Norwegian reference directory, which include UTF-8, HTML, PDF, ODF,
2587 JPEG, PNG, SVG and others. But to be able to complete this in a
2588 reasonable time frame, I will need help.&lt;/p&gt;
2589
2590 &lt;p&gt;If you want to help out with this work, please visit
2591 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/grupper/standard/digistan-analyse&quot;&gt;the
2592 wiki pages I have set up for this&lt;/a&gt;, and let me know that you want
2593 to help out. The IRC channel #nuug on irc.freenode.net is a good
2594 place to coordinate this for now, as it is the IRC channel for the
2595 NUUG association where I have created the framework (I am the leader
2596 of the Norwegian Unix User Group).&lt;/p&gt;
2597
2598 &lt;p&gt;The framework is still forming, and a lot is left to do. Do not be
2599 scared by the sketchy form of the current pages. :)&lt;/p&gt;
2600 </description>
2601 </item>
2602
2603 <item>
2604 <title>The many definitions of a open standard</title>
2605 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_many_definitions_of_a_open_standard.html</link>
2606 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_many_definitions_of_a_open_standard.html</guid>
2607 <pubDate>Mon, 27 Dec 2010 14:45:00 +0100</pubDate>
2608 <description>&lt;p&gt;One of the reasons I like the Digistan definition of
2609 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;Free and
2610 Open Standard&lt;/a&gt;&quot; is that this is a new term, and thus the meaning of
2611 the term has been decided by Digistan. The term &quot;Open Standard&quot; has
2612 become so misunderstood that it is no longer very useful when talking
2613 about standards. One end up discussing which definition is the best
2614 one and with such frame the only one gaining are the proponents of
2615 de-facto standards and proprietary solutions.&lt;/p&gt;
2616
2617 &lt;p&gt;But to give us an idea about the diversity of definitions of open
2618 standards, here are a few that I know about. This list is not
2619 complete, but can be a starting point for those that want to do a
2620 complete survey. More definitions are available on the
2621 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_standard&quot;&gt;wikipedia
2622 page&lt;/a&gt;.&lt;/p&gt;
2623
2624 &lt;p&gt;First off is my favourite, the definition from the European
2625 Interoperability Framework version 1.0. Really sad to notice that BSA
2626 and others has succeeded in getting it removed from version 2.0 of the
2627 framework by stacking the committee drafting the new version with
2628 their own people. Anyway, the definition is still available and it
2629 include the key properties needed to make sure everyone can use a
2630 specification on equal terms.&lt;/p&gt;
2631
2632 &lt;blockquote&gt;
2633
2634 &lt;p&gt;The following are the minimal characteristics that a specification
2635 and its attendant documents must have in order to be considered an
2636 open standard:&lt;/p&gt;
2637
2638 &lt;ul&gt;
2639
2640 &lt;li&gt;The standard is adopted and will be maintained by a not-for-profit
2641 organisation, and its ongoing development occurs on the basis of an
2642 open decision-making procedure available to all interested parties
2643 (consensus or majority decision etc.).&lt;/li&gt;
2644
2645 &lt;li&gt;The standard has been published and the standard specification
2646 document is available either freely or at a nominal charge. It must be
2647 permissible to all to copy, distribute and use it for no fee or at a
2648 nominal fee.&lt;/li&gt;
2649
2650 &lt;li&gt;The intellectual property - i.e. patents possibly present - of
2651 (parts of) the standard is made irrevocably available on a royalty-
2652 free basis.&lt;/li&gt;
2653
2654 &lt;li&gt;There are no constraints on the re-use of the standard.&lt;/li&gt;
2655
2656 &lt;/ul&gt;
2657 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
2658
2659 &lt;p&gt;Another one originates from my friends over at
2660 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dkuug.dk/&quot;&gt;DKUUG&lt;/a&gt;, who coined and gathered
2661 support for &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aaben-standard.dk/&quot;&gt;this
2662 definition&lt;/a&gt; in 2004. It even made it into the Danish parlament as
2663 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.ft.dk/dokumenter/tingdok.aspx?/samling/20051/beslutningsforslag/B103/som_fremsat.htm&quot;&gt;their
2664 definition of a open standard&lt;/a&gt;. Another from a different part of
2665 the Danish government is available from the wikipedia page.&lt;/p&gt;
2666
2667 &lt;blockquote&gt;
2668
2669 &lt;p&gt;En åben standard opfylder følgende krav:&lt;/p&gt;
2670
2671 &lt;ol&gt;
2672
2673 &lt;li&gt;Veldokumenteret med den fuldstændige specifikation offentligt
2674 tilgængelig.&lt;/li&gt;
2675
2676 &lt;li&gt;Frit implementerbar uden økonomiske, politiske eller juridiske
2677 begrænsninger på implementation og anvendelse.&lt;/li&gt;
2678
2679 &lt;li&gt;Standardiseret og vedligeholdt i et åbent forum (en såkaldt
2680 &quot;standardiseringsorganisation&quot;) via en åben proces.&lt;/li&gt;
2681
2682 &lt;/ol&gt;
2683
2684 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
2685
2686 &lt;p&gt;Then there is &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.fsfe.org/projects/os/def.html&quot;&gt;the
2687 definition&lt;/a&gt; from Free Software Foundation Europe.&lt;/p&gt;
2688
2689 &lt;blockquote&gt;
2690
2691 &lt;p&gt;An Open Standard refers to a format or protocol that is&lt;/p&gt;
2692
2693 &lt;ol&gt;
2694
2695 &lt;li&gt;subject to full public assessment and use without constraints in a
2696 manner equally available to all parties;&lt;/li&gt;
2697
2698 &lt;li&gt;without any components or extensions that have dependencies on
2699 formats or protocols that do not meet the definition of an Open
2700 Standard themselves;&lt;/li&gt;
2701
2702 &lt;li&gt;free from legal or technical clauses that limit its utilisation by
2703 any party or in any business model;&lt;/li&gt;
2704
2705 &lt;li&gt;managed and further developed independently of any single vendor
2706 in a process open to the equal participation of competitors and third
2707 parties;&lt;/li&gt;
2708
2709 &lt;li&gt;available in multiple complete implementations by competing
2710 vendors, or as a complete implementation equally available to all
2711 parties.&lt;/li&gt;
2712
2713 &lt;/ol&gt;
2714
2715 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
2716
2717 &lt;p&gt;A long time ago, SUN Microsystems, now bought by Oracle, created
2718 its
2719 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.sun.com/dennisding/resource/Open%20Standard%20Definition.pdf&quot;&gt;Open
2720 Standards Checklist&lt;/a&gt; with a fairly detailed description.&lt;/p&gt;
2721
2722 &lt;blockquote&gt;
2723 &lt;p&gt;Creation and Management of an Open Standard
2724
2725 &lt;ul&gt;
2726
2727 &lt;li&gt;Its development and management process must be collaborative and
2728 democratic:
2729
2730 &lt;ul&gt;
2731
2732 &lt;li&gt;Participation must be accessible to all those who wish to
2733 participate and can meet fair and reasonable criteria
2734 imposed by the organization under which it is developed
2735 and managed.&lt;/li&gt;
2736
2737 &lt;li&gt;The processes must be documented and, through a known
2738 method, can be changed through input from all
2739 participants.&lt;/li&gt;
2740
2741 &lt;li&gt;The process must be based on formal and binding commitments for
2742 the disclosure and licensing of intellectual property rights.&lt;/li&gt;
2743
2744 &lt;li&gt;Development and management should strive for consensus,
2745 and an appeals process must be clearly outlined.&lt;/li&gt;
2746
2747 &lt;li&gt;The standard specification must be open to extensive
2748 public review at least once in its life-cycle, with
2749 comments duly discussed and acted upon, if required.&lt;/li&gt;
2750
2751 &lt;/ul&gt;
2752
2753 &lt;/li&gt;
2754
2755 &lt;/ul&gt;
2756
2757 &lt;p&gt;Use and Licensing of an Open Standard&lt;/p&gt;
2758 &lt;ul&gt;
2759
2760 &lt;li&gt;The standard must describe an interface, not an implementation,
2761 and the industry must be capable of creating multiple, competing
2762 implementations to the interface described in the standard without
2763 undue or restrictive constraints. Interfaces include APIs,
2764 protocols, schemas, data formats and their encoding.&lt;/li&gt;
2765
2766 &lt;li&gt; The standard must not contain any proprietary &quot;hooks&quot; that create
2767 a technical or economic barriers&lt;/li&gt;
2768
2769 &lt;li&gt;Faithful implementations of the standard must
2770 interoperate. Interoperability means the ability of a computer
2771 program to communicate and exchange information with other computer
2772 programs and mutually to use the information which has been
2773 exchanged. This includes the ability to use, convert, or exchange
2774 file formats, protocols, schemas, interface information or
2775 conventions, so as to permit the computer program to work with other
2776 computer programs and users in all the ways in which they are
2777 intended to function.&lt;/li&gt;
2778
2779 &lt;li&gt;It must be permissible for anyone to copy, distribute and read the
2780 standard for a nominal fee, or even no fee. If there is a fee, it
2781 must be low enough to not preclude widespread use.&lt;/li&gt;
2782
2783 &lt;li&gt;It must be possible for anyone to obtain free (no royalties or
2784 fees; also known as &quot;royalty free&quot;), worldwide, non-exclusive and
2785 perpetual licenses to all essential patent claims to make, use and
2786 sell products based on the standard. The only exceptions are
2787 terminations per the reciprocity and defensive suspension terms
2788 outlined below. Essential patent claims include pending, unpublished
2789 patents, published patents, and patent applications. The license is
2790 only for the exact scope of the standard in question.
2791
2792 &lt;ul&gt;
2793
2794 &lt;li&gt; May be conditioned only on reciprocal licenses to any of
2795 licensees&#39; patent claims essential to practice that standard
2796 (also known as a reciprocity clause)&lt;/li&gt;
2797
2798 &lt;li&gt; May be terminated as to any licensee who sues the licensor
2799 or any other licensee for infringement of patent claims
2800 essential to practice that standard (also known as a
2801 &quot;defensive suspension&quot; clause)&lt;/li&gt;
2802
2803 &lt;li&gt; The same licensing terms are available to every potential
2804 licensor&lt;/li&gt;
2805
2806 &lt;/ul&gt;
2807 &lt;/li&gt;
2808
2809 &lt;li&gt;The licensing terms of an open standards must not preclude
2810 implementations of that standard under open source licensing terms
2811 or restricted licensing terms&lt;/li&gt;
2812
2813 &lt;/ul&gt;
2814
2815 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
2816
2817 &lt;p&gt;It is said that one of the nice things about standards is that
2818 there are so many of them. As you can see, the same holds true for
2819 open standard definitions. Most of the definitions have a lot in
2820 common, and it is not really controversial what properties a open
2821 standard should have, but the diversity of definitions have made it
2822 possible for those that want to avoid a level marked field and real
2823 competition to downplay the significance of open standards. I hope we
2824 can turn this tide by focusing on the advantages of Free and Open
2825 Standards.&lt;/p&gt;
2826 </description>
2827 </item>
2828
2829 <item>
2830 <title>Is Ogg Theora a free and open standard?</title>
2831 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_Ogg_Theora_a_free_and_open_standard_.html</link>
2832 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Is_Ogg_Theora_a_free_and_open_standard_.html</guid>
2833 <pubDate>Sat, 25 Dec 2010 20:25:00 +0100</pubDate>
2834 <description>&lt;p&gt;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;The
2835 Digistan definition&lt;/a&gt; of a free and open standard reads like this:&lt;/p&gt;
2836
2837 &lt;blockquote&gt;
2838
2839 &lt;p&gt;The Digital Standards Organization defines free and open standard
2840 as follows:&lt;/p&gt;
2841
2842 &lt;ol&gt;
2843
2844 &lt;li&gt;A free and open standard is immune to vendor capture at all stages
2845 in its life-cycle. Immunity from vendor capture makes it possible to
2846 freely use, improve upon, trust, and extend a standard over time.&lt;/li&gt;
2847
2848 &lt;li&gt;The standard is adopted and will be maintained by a not-for-profit
2849 organisation, and its ongoing development occurs on the basis of an
2850 open decision-making procedure available to all interested
2851 parties.&lt;/li&gt;
2852
2853 &lt;li&gt;The standard has been published and the standard specification
2854 document is available freely. It must be permissible to all to copy,
2855 distribute, and use it freely.&lt;/li&gt;
2856
2857 &lt;li&gt;The patents possibly present on (parts of) the standard are made
2858 irrevocably available on a royalty-free basis.&lt;/li&gt;
2859
2860 &lt;li&gt;There are no constraints on the re-use of the standard.&lt;/li&gt;
2861
2862 &lt;/ol&gt;
2863
2864 &lt;p&gt;The economic outcome of a free and open standard, which can be
2865 measured, is that it enables perfect competition between suppliers of
2866 products based on the standard.&lt;/p&gt;
2867 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
2868
2869 &lt;p&gt;For a while now I have tried to figure out of Ogg Theora is a free
2870 and open standard according to this definition. Here is a short
2871 writeup of what I have been able to gather so far. I brought up the
2872 topic on the Xiph advocacy mailing list
2873 &lt;a href=&quot;http://lists.xiph.org/pipermail/advocacy/2009-July/001632.html&quot;&gt;in
2874 July 2009&lt;/a&gt;, for those that want to see some background information.
2875 According to Ivo Emanuel Gonçalves and Monty Montgomery on that list
2876 the Ogg Theora specification fulfils the Digistan definition.&lt;/p&gt;
2877
2878 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Free from vendor capture?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2879
2880 &lt;p&gt;As far as I can see, there is no single vendor that can control the
2881 Ogg Theora specification. It can be argued that the
2882 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xiph.org/&quot;&gt;Xiph foundation&lt;/A&gt; is such vendor, but
2883 given that it is a non-profit foundation with the expressed goal
2884 making free and open protocols and standards available, it is not
2885 obvious that this is a real risk. One issue with the Xiph
2886 foundation is that its inner working (as in board member list, or who
2887 control the foundation) are not easily available on the web. I&#39;ve
2888 been unable to find out who is in the foundation board, and have not
2889 seen any accounting information documenting how money is handled nor
2890 where is is spent in the foundation. It is thus not obvious for an
2891 external observer who control The Xiph foundation, and for all I know
2892 it is possible for a single vendor to take control over the
2893 specification. But it seem unlikely.&lt;/p&gt;
2894
2895 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Maintained by open not-for-profit organisation?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2896
2897 &lt;p&gt;Assuming that the Xiph foundation is the organisation its web pages
2898 claim it to be, this point is fulfilled. If Xiph foundation is
2899 controlled by a single vendor, it isn&#39;t, but I have not found any
2900 documentation indicating this.&lt;/p&gt;
2901
2902 &lt;p&gt;According to
2903 &lt;a href=&quot;http://media.hiof.no/diverse/fad/rapport_4.pdf&quot;&gt;a report&lt;/a&gt;
2904 prepared by Audun Vaaler og Børre Ludvigsen for the Norwegian
2905 government, the Xiph foundation is a non-commercial organisation and
2906 the development process is open, transparent and non-Discrimatory.
2907 Until proven otherwise, I believe it make most sense to believe the
2908 report is correct.&lt;/p&gt;
2909
2910 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Specification freely available?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2911
2912 &lt;p&gt;The specification for the &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xiph.org/ogg/doc/&quot;&gt;Ogg
2913 container format&lt;/a&gt; and both the
2914 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xiph.org/vorbis/doc/&quot;&gt;Vorbis&lt;/a&gt; and
2915 &lt;a href=&quot;http://theora.org/doc/&quot;&gt;Theora&lt;/a&gt; codeces are available on
2916 the web. This are the terms in the Vorbis and Theora specification:
2917
2918 &lt;blockquote&gt;
2919
2920 Anyone may freely use and distribute the Ogg and [Vorbis/Theora]
2921 specifications, whether in private, public, or corporate
2922 capacity. However, the Xiph.Org Foundation and the Ogg project reserve
2923 the right to set the Ogg [Vorbis/Theora] specification and certify
2924 specification compliance.
2925
2926 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
2927
2928 &lt;p&gt;The Ogg container format is specified in IETF
2929 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.xiph.org/ogg/doc/rfc3533.txt&quot;&gt;RFC 3533&lt;/a&gt;, and
2930 this is the term:&lt;p&gt;
2931
2932 &lt;blockquote&gt;
2933
2934 &lt;p&gt;This document and translations of it may be copied and furnished to
2935 others, and derivative works that comment on or otherwise explain it
2936 or assist in its implementation may be prepared, copied, published and
2937 distributed, in whole or in part, without restriction of any kind,
2938 provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are
2939 included on all such copies and derivative works. However, this
2940 document itself may not be modified in any way, such as by removing
2941 the copyright notice or references to the Internet Society or other
2942 Internet organizations, except as needed for the purpose of developing
2943 Internet standards in which case the procedures for copyrights defined
2944 in the Internet Standards process must be followed, or as required to
2945 translate it into languages other than English.&lt;/p&gt;
2946
2947 &lt;p&gt;The limited permissions granted above are perpetual and will not be
2948 revoked by the Internet Society or its successors or assigns.&lt;/p&gt;
2949 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
2950
2951 &lt;p&gt;All these terms seem to allow unlimited distribution and use, an
2952 this term seem to be fulfilled. There might be a problem with the
2953 missing permission to distribute modified versions of the text, and
2954 thus reuse it in other specifications. Not quite sure if that is a
2955 requirement for the Digistan definition.&lt;/p&gt;
2956
2957 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Royalty-free?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2958
2959 &lt;p&gt;There are no known patent claims requiring royalties for the Ogg
2960 Theora format.
2961 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.streamingmedia.com/Articles/ReadArticle.aspx?ArticleID=65782&quot;&gt;MPEG-LA&lt;/a&gt;
2962 and
2963 &lt;a href=&quot;http://yro.slashdot.org/story/10/04/30/237238/Steve-Jobs-Hints-At-Theora-Lawsuit&quot;&gt;Steve
2964 Jobs&lt;/a&gt; in Apple claim to know about some patent claims (submarine
2965 patents) against the Theora format, but no-one else seem to believe
2966 them. Both Opera Software and the Mozilla Foundation have looked into
2967 this and decided to implement Ogg Theora support in their browsers
2968 without paying any royalties. For now the claims from MPEG-LA and
2969 Steve Jobs seem more like FUD to scare people to use the H.264 codec
2970 than any real problem with Ogg Theora.&lt;/p&gt;
2971
2972 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;No constraints on re-use?&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2973
2974 &lt;p&gt;I am not aware of any constraints on re-use.&lt;/p&gt;
2975
2976 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusion&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
2977
2978 &lt;p&gt;3 of 5 requirements seem obviously fulfilled, and the remaining 2
2979 depend on the governing structure of the Xiph foundation. Given the
2980 background report used by the Norwegian government, I believe it is
2981 safe to assume the last two requirements are fulfilled too, but it
2982 would be nice if the Xiph foundation web site made it easier to verify
2983 this.&lt;/p&gt;
2984
2985 &lt;p&gt;It would be nice to see other analysis of other specifications to
2986 see if they are free and open standards.&lt;/p&gt;
2987 </description>
2988 </item>
2989
2990 <item>
2991 <title>The reply from Edgar Villanueva to Microsoft in Peru</title>
2992 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_reply_from_Edgar_Villanueva_to_Microsoft_in_Peru.html</link>
2993 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/The_reply_from_Edgar_Villanueva_to_Microsoft_in_Peru.html</guid>
2994 <pubDate>Sat, 25 Dec 2010 10:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
2995 <description>&lt;p&gt;A few days ago
2996 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article189879.ece&quot;&gt;an
2997 article&lt;/a&gt; in the Norwegian Computerworld magazine about how version
2998 2.0 of
2999 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Interoperability_Framework&quot;&gt;European
3000 Interoperability Framework&lt;/a&gt; has been successfully lobbied by the
3001 proprietary software industry to remove the focus on free software.
3002 Nothing very surprising there, given
3003 &lt;a href=&quot;http://news.slashdot.org/story/10/03/29/2115235/Open-Source-Open-Standards-Under-Attack-In-Europe&quot;&gt;earlier
3004 reports&lt;/a&gt; on how Microsoft and others have stacked the committees in
3005 this work. But I find this very sad. The definition of
3006 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/dokumenter/standard-presse-def-200506.txt&quot;&gt;an
3007 open standard from version 1&lt;/a&gt; was very good, and something I
3008 believe should be used also in the future, alongside
3009 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;the
3010 definition from Digistan&lt;/A&gt;. Version 2 have removed the open
3011 standard definition from its content.&lt;/p&gt;
3012
3013 &lt;p&gt;Anyway, the news reminded me of the great reply sent by Dr. Edgar
3014 Villanueva, congressman in Peru at the time, to Microsoft as a reply
3015 to Microsofts attack on his proposal regarding the use of free software
3016 in the public sector in Peru. As the text was not available from a
3017 few of the URLs where it used to be available, I copy it here from
3018 &lt;a href=&quot;http://gnuwin.epfl.ch/articles/en/reponseperou/villanueva_to_ms.html&quot;&gt;my
3019 source&lt;/a&gt; to ensure it is available also in the future. Some
3020 background information about that story is available in
3021 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.linuxjournal.com/article/6099&quot;&gt;an article&lt;/a&gt; from
3022 Linux Journal in 2002.&lt;/p&gt;
3023
3024 &lt;blockquote&gt;
3025 &lt;p&gt;Lima, 8th of April, 2002&lt;br&gt;
3026 To: Señor JUAN ALBERTO GONZÁLEZ&lt;br&gt;
3027 General Manager of Microsoft Perú&lt;/p&gt;
3028
3029 &lt;p&gt;Dear Sir:&lt;/p&gt;
3030
3031 &lt;p&gt;First of all, I thank you for your letter of March 25, 2002 in which you state the official position of Microsoft relative to Bill Number 1609, Free Software in Public Administration, which is indubitably inspired by the desire for Peru to find a suitable place in the global technological context. In the same spirit, and convinced that we will find the best solutions through an exchange of clear and open ideas, I will take this opportunity to reply to the commentaries included in your letter.&lt;/p&gt;
3032
3033 &lt;p&gt;While acknowledging that opinions such as yours constitute a significant contribution, it would have been even more worthwhile for me if, rather than formulating objections of a general nature (which we will analyze in detail later) you had gathered solid arguments for the advantages that proprietary software could bring to the Peruvian State, and to its citizens in general, since this would have allowed a more enlightening exchange in respect of each of our positions.&lt;/p&gt;
3034
3035 &lt;p&gt;With the aim of creating an orderly debate, we will assume that what you call &quot;open source software&quot; is what the Bill defines as &quot;free software&quot;, since there exists software for which the source code is distributed together with the program, but which does not fall within the definition established by the Bill; and that what you call &quot;commercial software&quot; is what the Bill defines as &quot;proprietary&quot; or &quot;unfree&quot;, given that there exists free software which is sold in the market for a price like any other good or service.&lt;/p&gt;
3036
3037 &lt;p&gt;It is also necessary to make it clear that the aim of the Bill we are discussing is not directly related to the amount of direct savings that can by made by using free software in state institutions. That is in any case a marginal aggregate value, but in no way is it the chief focus of the Bill. The basic principles which inspire the Bill are linked to the basic guarantees of a state of law, such as:&lt;/p&gt;
3038
3039 &lt;p&gt;
3040 &lt;ul&gt;
3041 &lt;li&gt;Free access to public information by the citizen. &lt;/li&gt;
3042 &lt;li&gt;Permanence of public data. &lt;/li&gt;
3043 &lt;li&gt;Security of the State and citizens.&lt;/li&gt;
3044 &lt;/ul&gt;
3045 &lt;/p&gt;
3046
3047 &lt;p&gt;To guarantee the free access of citizens to public information, it is indispensable that the encoding of data is not tied to a single provider. The use of standard and open formats gives a guarantee of this free access, if necessary through the creation of compatible free software.&lt;/p&gt;
3048
3049 &lt;p&gt;To guarantee the permanence of public data, it is necessary that the usability and maintenance of the software does not depend on the goodwill of the suppliers, or on the monopoly conditions imposed by them. For this reason the State needs systems the development of which can be guaranteed due to the availability of the source code.&lt;/p&gt;
3050
3051 &lt;p&gt;To guarantee national security or the security of the State, it is indispensable to be able to rely on systems without elements which allow control from a distance or the undesired transmission of information to third parties. Systems with source code freely accessible to the public are required to allow their inspection by the State itself, by the citizens, and by a large number of independent experts throughout the world. Our proposal brings further security, since the knowledge of the source code will eliminate the growing number of programs with *spy code*. &lt;/p&gt;
3052
3053 &lt;p&gt;In the same way, our proposal strengthens the security of the citizens, both in their role as legitimate owners of information managed by the state, and in their role as consumers. In this second case, by allowing the growth of a widespread availability of free software not containing *spy code* able to put at risk privacy and individual freedoms.&lt;/p&gt;
3054
3055 &lt;p&gt;In this sense, the Bill is limited to establishing the conditions under which the state bodies will obtain software in the future, that is, in a way compatible with these basic principles.&lt;/p&gt;
3056
3057
3058 &lt;p&gt;From reading the Bill it will be clear that once passed:&lt;br&gt;
3059 &lt;li&gt;the law does not forbid the production of proprietary software&lt;/li&gt;
3060 &lt;li&gt;the law does not forbid the sale of proprietary software&lt;/li&gt;
3061 &lt;li&gt;the law does not specify which concrete software to use&lt;/li&gt;
3062 &lt;li&gt;the law does not dictate the supplier from whom software will be bought&lt;/li&gt;
3063 &lt;li&gt;the law does not limit the terms under which a software product can be licensed.&lt;/li&gt;
3064
3065 &lt;/p&gt;
3066
3067 &lt;p&gt;What the Bill does express clearly, is that, for software to be acceptable for the state it is not enough that it is technically capable of fulfilling a task, but that further the contractual conditions must satisfy a series of requirements regarding the license, without which the State cannot guarantee the citizen adequate processing of his data, watching over its integrity, confidentiality, and accessibility throughout time, as these are very critical aspects for its normal functioning.&lt;/p&gt;
3068
3069 &lt;p&gt;We agree, Mr. Gonzalez, that information and communication technology have a significant impact on the quality of life of the citizens (whether it be positive or negative). We surely also agree that the basic values I have pointed out above are fundamental in a democratic state like Peru. So we are very interested to know of any other way of guaranteeing these principles, other than through the use of free software in the terms defined by the Bill.&lt;/p&gt;
3070
3071 &lt;p&gt;As for the observations you have made, we will now go on to analyze them in detail:&lt;/p&gt;
3072
3073 &lt;p&gt;Firstly, you point out that: &quot;1. The bill makes it compulsory for all public bodies to use only free software, that is to say open source software, which breaches the principles of equality before the law, that of non-discrimination and the right of free private enterprise, freedom of industry and of contract, protected by the constitution.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3074
3075 &lt;p&gt;This understanding is in error. The Bill in no way affects the rights you list; it limits itself entirely to establishing conditions for the use of software on the part of state institutions, without in any way meddling in private sector transactions. It is a well established principle that the State does not enjoy the wide spectrum of contractual freedom of the private sector, as it is limited in its actions precisely by the requirement for transparency of public acts; and in this sense, the preservation of the greater common interest must prevail when legislating on the matter.&lt;/p&gt;
3076
3077 &lt;p&gt;The Bill protects equality under the law, since no natural or legal person is excluded from the right of offering these goods to the State under the conditions defined in the Bill and without more limitations than those established by the Law of State Contracts and Purchasing (T.U.O. by Supreme Decree No. 012-2001-PCM).&lt;/p&gt;
3078
3079 &lt;p&gt;The Bill does not introduce any discrimination whatever, since it only establishes *how* the goods have to be provided (which is a state power) and not *who* has to provide them (which would effectively be discriminatory, if restrictions based on national origin, race religion, ideology, sexual preference etc. were imposed). On the contrary, the Bill is decidedly antidiscriminatory. This is so because by defining with no room for doubt the conditions for the provision of software, it prevents state bodies from using software which has a license including discriminatory conditions.&lt;/p&gt;
3080
3081 &lt;p&gt;It should be obvious from the preceding two paragraphs that the Bill does not harm free private enterprise, since the latter can always choose under what conditions it will produce software; some of these will be acceptable to the State, and others will not be since they contradict the guarantee of the basic principles listed above. This free initiative is of course compatible with the freedom of industry and freedom of contract (in the limited form in which the State can exercise the latter). Any private subject can produce software under the conditions which the State requires, or can refrain from doing so. Nobody is forced to adopt a model of production, but if they wish to provide software to the State, they must provide the mechanisms which guarantee the basic principles, and which are those described in the Bill.&lt;/p&gt;
3082
3083 &lt;p&gt;By way of an example: nothing in the text of the Bill would prevent your company offering the State bodies an office &quot;suite&quot;, under the conditions defined in the Bill and setting the price that you consider satisfactory. If you did not, it would not be due to restrictions imposed by the law, but to business decisions relative to the method of commercializing your products, decisions with which the State is not involved.&lt;/p&gt;
3084
3085 &lt;p&gt;To continue; you note that:&quot; 2. The bill, by making the use of open source software compulsory, would establish discriminatory and non competitive practices in the contracting and purchasing by public bodies...&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3086
3087 &lt;p&gt;This statement is just a reiteration of the previous one, and so the response can be found above. However, let us concern ourselves for a moment with your comment regarding &quot;non-competitive ... practices.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3088
3089 &lt;p&gt;Of course, in defining any kind of purchase, the buyer sets conditions which relate to the proposed use of the good or service. From the start, this excludes certain manufacturers from the possibility of competing, but does not exclude them &quot;a priori&quot;, but rather based on a series of principles determined by the autonomous will of the purchaser, and so the process takes place in conformance with the law. And in the Bill it is established that *no one* is excluded from competing as far as he guarantees the fulfillment of the basic principles.&lt;/p&gt;
3090
3091 &lt;p&gt;Furthermore, the Bill *stimulates* competition, since it tends to generate a supply of software with better conditions of usability, and to better existing work, in a model of continuous improvement.&lt;/p&gt;
3092
3093 &lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the central aspect of competivity is the chance to provide better choices to the consumer. Now, it is impossible to ignore the fact that marketing does not play a neutral role when the product is offered on the market (since accepting the opposite would lead one to suppose that firms&#39; expenses in marketing lack any sense), and that therefore a significant expense under this heading can influence the decisions of the purchaser. This influence of marketing is in large measure reduced by the bill that we are backing, since the choice within the framework proposed is based on the *technical merits* of the product and not on the effort put into commercialization by the producer; in this sense, competitiveness is increased, since the smallest software producer can compete on equal terms with the most powerful corporations.&lt;/p&gt;
3094
3095 &lt;p&gt;It is necessary to stress that there is no position more anti-competitive than that of the big software producers, which frequently abuse their dominant position, since in innumerable cases they propose as a solution to problems raised by users: &quot;update your software to the new version&quot; (at the user&#39;s expense, naturally); furthermore, it is common to find arbitrary cessation of technical help for products, which, in the provider&#39;s judgment alone, are &quot;old&quot;; and so, to receive any kind of technical assistance, the user finds himself forced to migrate to new versions (with non-trivial costs, especially as changes in hardware platform are often involved). And as the whole infrastructure is based on proprietary data formats, the user stays &quot;trapped&quot; in the need to continue using products from the same supplier, or to make the huge effort to change to another environment (probably also proprietary).&lt;/p&gt;
3096
3097 &lt;p&gt;You add: &quot;3. So, by compelling the State to favor a business model based entirely on open source, the bill would only discourage the local and international manufacturing companies, which are the ones which really undertake important expenditures, create a significant number of direct and indirect jobs, as well as contributing to the GNP, as opposed to a model of open source software which tends to have an ever weaker economic impact, since it mainly creates jobs in the service sector.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3098
3099 &lt;p&gt;I do not agree with your statement. Partly because of what you yourself point out in paragraph 6 of your letter, regarding the relative weight of services in the context of software use. This contradiction alone would invalidate your position. The service model, adopted by a large number of companies in the software industry, is much larger in economic terms, and with a tendency to increase, than the licensing of programs.&lt;/p&gt;
3100
3101 &lt;p&gt;On the other hand, the private sector of the economy has the widest possible freedom to choose the economic model which best suits its interests, even if this freedom of choice is often obscured subliminally by the disproportionate expenditure on marketing by the producers of proprietary software.&lt;/p&gt;
3102
3103 &lt;p&gt;In addition, a reading of your opinion would lead to the conclusion that the State market is crucial and essential for the proprietary software industry, to such a point that the choice made by the State in this bill would completely eliminate the market for these firms. If that is true, we can deduce that the State must be subsidizing the proprietary software industry. In the unlikely event that this were true, the State would have the right to apply the subsidies in the area it considered of greatest social value; it is undeniable, in this improbable hypothesis, that if the State decided to subsidize software, it would have to do so choosing the free over the proprietary, considering its social effect and the rational use of taxpayers money.&lt;/p&gt;
3104
3105 &lt;p&gt;In respect of the jobs generated by proprietary software in countries like ours, these mainly concern technical tasks of little aggregate value; at the local level, the technicians who provide support for proprietary software produced by transnational companies do not have the possibility of fixing bugs, not necessarily for lack of technical capability or of talent, but because they do not have access to the source code to fix it. With free software one creates more technically qualified employment and a framework of free competence where success is only tied to the ability to offer good technical support and quality of service, one stimulates the market, and one increases the shared fund of knowledge, opening up alternatives to generate services of greater total value and a higher quality level, to the benefit of all involved: producers, service organizations, and consumers.&lt;/p&gt;
3106
3107 &lt;p&gt;It is a common phenomenon in developing countries that local software industries obtain the majority of their takings in the service sector, or in the creation of &quot;ad hoc&quot; software. Therefore, any negative impact that the application of the Bill might have in this sector will be more than compensated by a growth in demand for services (as long as these are carried out to high quality standards). If the transnational software companies decide not to compete under these new rules of the game, it is likely that they will undergo some decrease in takings in terms of payment for licenses; however, considering that these firms continue to allege that much of the software used by the State has been illegally copied, one can see that the impact will not be very serious. Certainly, in any case their fortune will be determined by market laws, changes in which cannot be avoided; many firms traditionally associated with proprietary software have already set out on the road (supported by copious expense) of providing services associated with free software, which shows that the models are not mutually exclusive.&lt;/p&gt;
3108
3109 &lt;p&gt;With this bill the State is deciding that it needs to preserve certain fundamental values. And it is deciding this based on its sovereign power, without affecting any of the constitutional guarantees. If these values could be guaranteed without having to choose a particular economic model, the effects of the law would be even more beneficial. In any case, it should be clear that the State does not choose an economic model; if it happens that there only exists one economic model capable of providing software which provides the basic guarantee of these principles, this is because of historical circumstances, not because of an arbitrary choice of a given model.&lt;/p&gt;
3110
3111 &lt;p&gt;Your letter continues: &quot;4. The bill imposes the use of open source software without considering the dangers that this can bring from the point of view of security, guarantee, and possible violation of the intellectual property rights of third parties.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3112
3113 &lt;p&gt;Alluding in an abstract way to &quot;the dangers this can bring&quot;, without specifically mentioning a single one of these supposed dangers, shows at the least some lack of knowledge of the topic. So, allow me to enlighten you on these points.&lt;/p&gt;
3114
3115 &lt;p&gt;On security:&lt;/p&gt;
3116
3117 &lt;p&gt;National security has already been mentioned in general terms in the initial discussion of the basic principles of the bill. In more specific terms, relative to the security of the software itself, it is well known that all software (whether proprietary or free) contains errors or &quot;bugs&quot; (in programmers&#39; slang). But it is also well known that the bugs in free software are fewer, and are fixed much more quickly, than in proprietary software. It is not in vain that numerous public bodies responsible for the IT security of state systems in developed countries require the use of free software for the same conditions of security and efficiency.&lt;/p&gt;
3118
3119 &lt;p&gt;What is impossible to prove is that proprietary software is more secure than free, without the public and open inspection of the scientific community and users in general. This demonstration is impossible because the model of proprietary software itself prevents this analysis, so that any guarantee of security is based only on promises of good intentions (biased, by any reckoning) made by the producer itself, or its contractors.&lt;/p&gt;
3120
3121 &lt;p&gt;It should be remembered that in many cases, the licensing conditions include Non-Disclosure clauses which prevent the user from publicly revealing security flaws found in the licensed proprietary product.&lt;/p&gt;
3122
3123 &lt;p&gt;In respect of the guarantee:&lt;/p&gt;
3124
3125 &lt;p&gt;As you know perfectly well, or could find out by reading the &quot;End User License Agreement&quot; of the products you license, in the great majority of cases the guarantees are limited to replacement of the storage medium in case of defects, but in no case is compensation given for direct or indirect damages, loss of profits, etc... If as a result of a security bug in one of your products, not fixed in time by yourselves, an attacker managed to compromise crucial State systems, what guarantees, reparations and compensation would your company make in accordance with your licensing conditions? The guarantees of proprietary software, inasmuch as programs are delivered ``AS IS&#39;&#39;, that is, in the state in which they are, with no additional responsibility of the provider in respect of function, in no way differ from those normal with free software.&lt;/p&gt;
3126
3127 &lt;p&gt;On Intellectual Property:&lt;/p&gt;
3128
3129 &lt;p&gt;Questions of intellectual property fall outside the scope of this bill, since they are covered by specific other laws. The model of free software in no way implies ignorance of these laws, and in fact the great majority of free software is covered by copyright. In reality, the inclusion of this question in your observations shows your confusion in respect of the legal framework in which free software is developed. The inclusion of the intellectual property of others in works claimed as one&#39;s own is not a practice that has been noted in the free software community; whereas, unfortunately, it has been in the area of proprietary software. As an example, the condemnation by the Commercial Court of Nanterre, France, on 27th September 2001 of Microsoft Corp. to a penalty of 3 million francs in damages and interest, for violation of intellectual property (piracy, to use the unfortunate term that your firm commonly uses in its publicity).&lt;/p&gt;
3130
3131 &lt;p&gt;You go on to say that: &quot;The bill uses the concept of open source software incorrectly, since it does not necessarily imply that the software is free or of zero cost, and so arrives at mistaken conclusions regarding State savings, with no cost-benefit analysis to validate its position.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3132
3133 &lt;p&gt;This observation is wrong; in principle, freedom and lack of cost are orthogonal concepts: there is software which is proprietary and charged for (for example, MS Office), software which is proprietary and free of charge (MS Internet Explorer), software which is free and charged for (Red Hat, SuSE etc GNU/Linux distributions), software which is free and not charged for (Apache, Open Office, Mozilla), and even software which can be licensed in a range of combinations (MySQL).&lt;/p&gt;
3134
3135 &lt;p&gt;Certainly free software is not necessarily free of charge. And the text of the bill does not state that it has to be so, as you will have noted after reading it. The definitions included in the Bill state clearly *what* should be considered free software, at no point referring to freedom from charges. Although the possibility of savings in payments for proprietary software licenses are mentioned, the foundations of the bill clearly refer to the fundamental guarantees to be preserved and to the stimulus to local technological development. Given that a democratic State must support these principles, it has no other choice than to use software with publicly available source code, and to exchange information only in standard formats.&lt;/p&gt;
3136
3137 &lt;p&gt;If the State does not use software with these characteristics, it will be weakening basic republican principles. Luckily, free software also implies lower total costs; however, even given the hypothesis (easily disproved) that it was more expensive than proprietary software, the simple existence of an effective free software tool for a particular IT function would oblige the State to use it; not by command of this Bill, but because of the basic principles we enumerated at the start, and which arise from the very essence of the lawful democratic State.&lt;/p&gt;
3138
3139 &lt;p&gt;You continue: &quot;6. It is wrong to think that Open Source Software is free of charge. Research by the Gartner Group (an important investigator of the technological market recognized at world level) has shown that the cost of purchase of software (operating system and applications) is only 8% of the total cost which firms and institutions take on for a rational and truly beneficial use of the technology. The other 92% consists of: installation costs, enabling, support, maintenance, administration, and down-time.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3140
3141 &lt;p&gt;This argument repeats that already given in paragraph 5 and partly contradicts paragraph 3. For the sake of brevity we refer to the comments on those paragraphs. However, allow me to point out that your conclusion is logically false: even if according to Gartner Group the cost of software is on average only 8% of the total cost of use, this does not in any way deny the existence of software which is free of charge, that is, with a licensing cost of zero.&lt;/p&gt;
3142
3143 &lt;p&gt;In addition, in this paragraph you correctly point out that the service components and losses due to down-time make up the largest part of the total cost of software use, which, as you will note, contradicts your statement regarding the small value of services suggested in paragraph 3. Now the use of free software contributes significantly to reduce the remaining life-cycle costs. This reduction in the costs of installation, support etc. can be noted in several areas: in the first place, the competitive service model of free software, support and maintenance for which can be freely contracted out to a range of suppliers competing on the grounds of quality and low cost. This is true for installation, enabling, and support, and in large part for maintenance. In the second place, due to the reproductive characteristics of the model, maintenance carried out for an application is easily replicable, without incurring large costs (that is, without paying more than once for the same thing) since modifications, if one wishes, can be incorporated in the common fund of knowledge. Thirdly, the huge costs caused by non-functioning software (&quot;blue screens of death&quot;, malicious code such as virus, worms, and trojans, exceptions, general protection faults and other well-known problems) are reduced considerably by using more stable software; and it is well known that one of the most notable virtues of free software is its stability.&lt;/p&gt;
3144
3145 &lt;p&gt;You further state that: &quot;7. One of the arguments behind the bill is the supposed freedom from costs of open-source software, compared with the costs of commercial software, without taking into account the fact that there exist types of volume licensing which can be highly advantageous for the State, as has happened in other countries.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3146
3147 &lt;p&gt;I have already pointed out that what is in question is not the cost of the software but the principles of freedom of information, accessibility, and security. These arguments have been covered extensively in the preceding paragraphs to which I would refer you.&lt;/p&gt;
3148
3149 &lt;p&gt;On the other hand, there certainly exist types of volume licensing (although unfortunately proprietary software does not satisfy the basic principles). But as you correctly pointed out in the immediately preceding paragraph of your letter, they only manage to reduce the impact of a component which makes up no more than 8% of the total.&lt;/p&gt;
3150
3151 &lt;p&gt;You continue: &quot;8. In addition, the alternative adopted by the bill (I) is clearly more expensive, due to the high costs of software migration, and (II) puts at risk compatibility and interoperability of the IT platforms within the State, and between the State and the private sector, given the hundreds of versions of open source software on the market.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3152
3153 &lt;p&gt;Let us analyze your statement in two parts. Your first argument, that migration implies high costs, is in reality an argument in favor of the Bill. Because the more time goes by, the more difficult migration to another technology will become; and at the same time, the security risks associated with proprietary software will continue to increase. In this way, the use of proprietary systems and formats will make the State ever more dependent on specific suppliers. Once a policy of using free software has been established (which certainly, does imply some cost) then on the contrary migration from one system to another becomes very simple, since all data is stored in open formats. On the other hand, migration to an open software context implies no more costs than migration between two different proprietary software contexts, which invalidates your argument completely.&lt;/p&gt;
3154
3155 &lt;p&gt;The second argument refers to &quot;problems in interoperability of the IT platforms within the State, and between the State and the private sector&quot; This statement implies a certain lack of knowledge of the way in which free software is built, which does not maximize the dependence of the user on a particular platform, as normally happens in the realm of proprietary software. Even when there are multiple free software distributions, and numerous programs which can be used for the same function, interoperability is guaranteed as much by the use of standard formats, as required by the bill, as by the possibility of creating interoperable software given the availability of the source code.&lt;/p&gt;
3156
3157 &lt;p&gt;You then say that: &quot;9. The majority of open source code does not offer adequate levels of service nor the guarantee from recognized manufacturers of high productivity on the part of the users, which has led various public organizations to retract their decision to go with an open source software solution and to use commercial software in its place.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3158
3159 &lt;p&gt;This observation is without foundation. In respect of the guarantee, your argument was rebutted in the response to paragraph 4. In respect of support services, it is possible to use free software without them (just as also happens with proprietary software), but anyone who does need them can obtain support separately, whether from local firms or from international corporations, again just as in the case of proprietary software.&lt;/p&gt;
3160
3161 &lt;p&gt;On the other hand, it would contribute greatly to our analysis if you could inform us about free software projects *established* in public bodies which have already been abandoned in favor of proprietary software. We know of a good number of cases where the opposite has taken place, but not know of any where what you describe has taken place.&lt;/p&gt;
3162
3163 &lt;p&gt;You continue by observing that: &quot;10. The bill discourages the creativity of the Peruvian software industry, which invoices 40 million US$/year, exports 4 million US$ (10th in ranking among non-traditional exports, more than handicrafts) and is a source of highly qualified employment. With a law that encourages the use of open source, software programmers lose their intellectual property rights and their main source of payment.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3164
3165 &lt;p&gt;It is clear enough that nobody is forced to commercialize their code as free software. The only thing to take into account is that if it is not free software, it cannot be sold to the public sector. This is not in any case the main market for the national software industry. We covered some questions referring to the influence of the Bill on the generation of employment which would be both highly technically qualified and in better conditions for competition above, so it seems unnecessary to insist on this point.&lt;/p&gt;
3166
3167 &lt;p&gt;What follows in your statement is incorrect. On the one hand, no author of free software loses his intellectual property rights, unless he expressly wishes to place his work in the public domain. The free software movement has always been very respectful of intellectual property, and has generated widespread public recognition of its authors. Names like those of Richard Stallman, Linus Torvalds, Guido van Rossum, Larry Wall, Miguel de Icaza, Andrew Tridgell, Theo de Raadt, Andrea Arcangeli, Bruce Perens, Darren Reed, Alan Cox, Eric Raymond, and many others, are recognized world-wide for their contributions to the development of software that is used today by millions of people throughout the world. On the other hand, to say that the rewards for authors rights make up the main source of payment of Peruvian programmers is in any case a guess, in particular since there is no proof to this effect, nor a demonstration of how the use of free software by the State would influence these payments.&lt;/p&gt;
3168
3169 &lt;p&gt;You go on to say that: &quot;11. Open source software, since it can be distributed without charge, does not allow the generation of income for its developers through exports. In this way, the multiplier effect of the sale of software to other countries is weakened, and so in turn is the growth of the industry, while Government rules ought on the contrary to stimulate local industry.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3170
3171 &lt;p&gt;This statement shows once again complete ignorance of the mechanisms of and market for free software. It tries to claim that the market of sale of non- exclusive rights for use (sale of licenses) is the only possible one for the software industry, when you yourself pointed out several paragraphs above that it is not even the most important one. The incentives that the bill offers for the growth of a supply of better qualified professionals, together with the increase in experience that working on a large scale with free software within the State will bring for Peruvian technicians, will place them in a highly competitive position to offer their services abroad.&lt;/p&gt;
3172
3173 &lt;p&gt;You then state that: &quot;12. In the Forum, the use of open source software in education was discussed, without mentioning the complete collapse of this initiative in a country like Mexico, where precisely the State employees who founded the project now state that open source software did not make it possible to offer a learning experience to pupils in the schools, did not take into account the capability at a national level to give adequate support to the platform, and that the software did not and does not allow for the levels of platform integration that now exist in schools.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3174
3175 &lt;p&gt;In fact Mexico has gone into reverse with the Red Escolar (Schools Network) project. This is due precisely to the fact that the driving forces behind the Mexican project used license costs as their main argument, instead of the other reasons specified in our project, which are far more essential. Because of this conceptual mistake, and as a result of the lack of effective support from the SEP (Secretary of State for Public Education), the assumption was made that to implant free software in schools it would be enough to drop their software budget and send them a CD ROM with Gnu/Linux instead. Of course this failed, and it couldn&#39;t have been otherwise, just as school laboratories fail when they use proprietary software and have no budget for implementation and maintenance. That&#39;s exactly why our bill is not limited to making the use of free software mandatory, but recognizes the need to create a viable migration plan, in which the State undertakes the technical transition in an orderly way in order to then enjoy the advantages of free software.&lt;/p&gt;
3176
3177 &lt;p&gt;You end with a rhetorical question: &quot;13. If open source software satisfies all the requirements of State bodies, why do you need a law to adopt it? Shouldn&#39;t it be the market which decides freely which products give most benefits or value?&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3178
3179 &lt;p&gt;We agree that in the private sector of the economy, it must be the market that decides which products to use, and no state interference is permissible there. However, in the case of the public sector, the reasoning is not the same: as we have already established, the state archives, handles, and transmits information which does not belong to it, but which is entrusted to it by citizens, who have no alternative under the rule of law. As a counterpart to this legal requirement, the State must take extreme measures to safeguard the integrity, confidentiality, and accessibility of this information. The use of proprietary software raises serious doubts as to whether these requirements can be fulfilled, lacks conclusive evidence in this respect, and so is not suitable for use in the public sector.&lt;/p&gt;
3180
3181 &lt;p&gt;The need for a law is based, firstly, on the realization of the fundamental principles listed above in the specific area of software; secondly, on the fact that the State is not an ideal homogeneous entity, but made up of multiple bodies with varying degrees of autonomy in decision making. Given that it is inappropriate to use proprietary software, the fact of establishing these rules in law will prevent the personal discretion of any state employee from putting at risk the information which belongs to citizens. And above all, because it constitutes an up-to-date reaffirmation in relation to the means of management and communication of information used today, it is based on the republican principle of openness to the public.&lt;/p&gt;
3182
3183 &lt;p&gt;In conformance with this universally accepted principle, the citizen has the right to know all information held by the State and not covered by well- founded declarations of secrecy based on law. Now, software deals with information and is itself information. Information in a special form, capable of being interpreted by a machine in order to execute actions, but crucial information all the same because the citizen has a legitimate right to know, for example, how his vote is computed or his taxes calculated. And for that he must have free access to the source code and be able to prove to his satisfaction the programs used for electoral computations or calculation of his taxes.&lt;/p&gt;
3184
3185 &lt;p&gt;I wish you the greatest respect, and would like to repeat that my office will always be open for you to expound your point of view to whatever level of detail you consider suitable.&lt;/p&gt;
3186
3187 &lt;p&gt;Cordially,&lt;br&gt;
3188 DR. EDGAR DAVID VILLANUEVA NUÑEZ&lt;br&gt;
3189 Congressman of the Republic of Perú.&lt;/p&gt;
3190 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
3191 </description>
3192 </item>
3193
3194 <item>
3195 <title>Officeshots still going strong</title>
3196 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Officeshots_still_going_strong.html</link>
3197 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Officeshots_still_going_strong.html</guid>
3198 <pubDate>Sat, 25 Dec 2010 09:40:00 +0100</pubDate>
3199 <description>&lt;p&gt;Half a year ago I
3200 &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Officeshots_taking_shape.html&quot;&gt;wrote
3201 a bit&lt;/a&gt; about &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.officeshots.org/&quot;&gt;OfficeShots&lt;/a&gt;,
3202 a web service to allow anyone to test how ODF documents are handled by
3203 the different programs reading and writing the ODF format.&lt;/p&gt;
3204
3205 &lt;p&gt;I just had a look at the service, and it seem to be going strong.
3206 Very interesting to see the results reported in the gallery, how
3207 different Office implementations handle different ODF features. Sad
3208 to see that KOffice was not doing it very well, and happy to see that
3209 LibreOffice has been tested already (but sadly not listed as a option
3210 for OfficeShots users yet). I am glad to see that the ODF community
3211 got such a great test tool available.&lt;/p&gt;
3212 </description>
3213 </item>
3214
3215 <item>
3216 <title>Best å ikke fortelle noen at streaming er nedlasting...</title>
3217 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Best___ikke_fortelle_noen_at_streaming_er_nedlasting___.html</link>
3218 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Best___ikke_fortelle_noen_at_streaming_er_nedlasting___.html</guid>
3219 <pubDate>Sat, 30 Oct 2010 11:20:00 +0200</pubDate>
3220 <description>&lt;p&gt;I dag la jeg inn en kommentar på en sak hos NRKBeta
3221 &lt;a href=&quot;http://nrkbeta.no/2010/10/27/bakom-blindpassasjer-del-1/&quot;&gt;om
3222 hvordan TV-serien Blindpassasjer ble laget&lt;/a&gt; i forbindelse med at
3223 filmene NRK la ut ikke var tilgjengelig i et
3224 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;fritt og
3225 åpent format&lt;/a&gt;. Dette var det jeg skrev publiserte der 07:39.&lt;/p&gt;
3226
3227 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
3228 &lt;p&gt;&quot;Vi fikk en kommentar rundt måten streamet innhold er beskyttet fra
3229 nedlasting. Mange av oss som kan mer enn gjennomsnittet om systemer
3230 som dette, vet at det stort sett er mulig å lure ut ting med den
3231 nødvendige forkunnskapen.&quot;&lt;/p&gt;
3232
3233 &lt;p&gt;Haha. Å streame innhold er det samme som å laste ned innhold, så å
3234 beskytte en stream mot nedlasting er ikke mulig. Å skrive noe slikt
3235 er å forlede leseren.&lt;/p&gt;
3236
3237 &lt;p&gt;Med den bakgrunn blir forklaringen om at noen rettighetshavere kun
3238 vil tillate streaming men ikke nedlasting meningsløs.&lt;/p&gt;
3239
3240 &lt;p&gt;Anbefaler forresten å lese
3241 &lt;a href=&quot;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/simon-says/2010/10/drm-is-toxic-to-culture/index.htm&quot;&gt;http://blogs.computerworlduk.com/simon-says/2010/10/drm-is-toxic-to-culture/index.htm&lt;/a&gt;
3242 om hva som ville være konsekvensen hvis digitale avspillingssperrer
3243 (DRM) fungerte. Det gjør de naturligvis ikke teknisk - det er jo
3244 derfor de må ha totalitære juridiske beskyttelsesmekanismer på plass,
3245 men det er skremmende hva samfunnet tillater og NRK er med på å bygge
3246 opp under.&lt;/p&gt;
3247 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3248
3249 &lt;p&gt;Ca. 20 minutter senere får jeg følgende epost fra Anders Hofseth i
3250 NRKBeta:&lt;/p&gt;
3251
3252 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
3253 &lt;p&gt;From: Anders Hofseth &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;
3254 &lt;br&gt;To: &quot;pere@hungry.com&quot; &amp;lt;pere@hungry.com&gt;
3255 &lt;br&gt;Cc: Eirik Solheim &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;, Jon Ståle Carlsen &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;, Henrik Lied &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;
3256 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Re: [NRKbeta] Kommentar: &quot;Bakom Blindpassasjer: del 1&quot;
3257 &lt;br&gt;Date: Sat, 30 Oct 2010 07:58:44 +0200&lt;/p&gt;
3258
3259 &lt;p&gt;Hei Petter.
3260 &lt;br&gt;Det du forsøker dra igang er egentlig en interessant diskusjon,
3261 men om vi skal kjøre den i kommentarfeltet her, vil vi kunne bli bedt
3262 om å fjerne blindpassasjer fra nett- tv og det vil heller ikke bli
3263 særlig lett å klarere ut noe annet arkivmateriale på lang tid.&lt;/p&gt;
3264
3265 &lt;p&gt;Dette er en situasjon NRKbeta ikke ønsker, så kommentaren er
3266 fjernet og den delen av diskusjonen er avsluttet på nrkbeta, vi antar
3267 konsekvensene vi beskriver ikke er noe du ønsker heller...&lt;/p&gt;
3268
3269 &lt;p&gt;Med hilsen,
3270 &lt;br&gt;-anders&lt;/p&gt;
3271
3272 &lt;p&gt;Ring meg om noe er uklart: 95XXXXXXX&lt;/p&gt;
3273 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3274
3275 &lt;p&gt;Ble så fascinert over denne holdningen, at jeg forfattet og sendte
3276 over følgende svar. I og med at debatten er fjernet fra NRK Betas
3277 kommentarfelt, så velger jeg å publisere her på bloggen min i stedet.
3278 Har fjernet epostadresser og telefonnummer til de involverte, for å
3279 unngå at de tiltrekker seg uønskede direkte kontaktforsøk.&lt;/p&gt;
3280
3281 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
3282 &lt;p&gt;From: Petter Reinholdtsen &amp;lt;pere@hungry.com&gt;
3283 &lt;br&gt;To: Anders Hofseth &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;
3284 &lt;br&gt;Cc: Eirik Solheim &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;,
3285 &lt;br&gt; Jon Ståle Carlsen &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;,
3286 &lt;br&gt; Henrik Lied &amp;lt;XXX@gmail.com&gt;
3287 &lt;br&gt;Subject: Re: [NRKbeta] Kommentar: &quot;Bakom Blindpassasjer: del 1&quot;
3288 &lt;br&gt;Date: Sat, 30 Oct 2010 08:24:34 +0200&lt;/p&gt;
3289
3290 &lt;p&gt;[Anders Hofseth]
3291 &lt;br&gt;&gt; Hei Petter.&lt;/p&gt;
3292
3293 &lt;p&gt;Hei.&lt;/p&gt;
3294
3295 &lt;p&gt;&gt; Det du forsøker dra igang er egentlig en interessant diskusjon, men
3296 &lt;br&gt;&gt; om vi skal kjøre den i kommentarfeltet her, vil vi kunne bli bedt om
3297 &lt;br&gt;&gt; å fjerne blindpassasjer fra nett- tv og det vil heller ikke bli
3298 &lt;br&gt;&gt; særlig lett å klarere ut noe annet arkivmateriale på lang tid.&lt;/p&gt;
3299
3300 &lt;p&gt;Godt å se at du er enig i at dette er en interessant diskusjon. Den
3301 vil nok fortsette en stund til. :)&lt;/p&gt;
3302
3303 &lt;p&gt;Må innrømme at jeg synes det er merkelig å lese at dere i NRK med
3304 vitende og vilje ønsker å forlede rettighetshaverne for å kunne
3305 fortsette å legge ut arkivmateriale.&lt;/p&gt;
3306
3307 &lt;p&gt;Kommentarer og diskusjoner i bloggene til NRK Beta påvirker jo ikke
3308 faktum, som er at streaming er det samme som nedlasting, og at innhold
3309 som er lagt ut på nett kan lagres lokalt for avspilling når en ønsker
3310 det.&lt;/p&gt;
3311
3312 &lt;p&gt;Det du sier er jo at klarering av arkivmateriale for publisering på
3313 web krever at en holder faktum skjult fra debattfeltet på NRKBeta.
3314 Det er ikke et argument som holder vann. :)&lt;/p&gt;
3315
3316 &lt;p&gt;&gt; Dette er en situasjon NRKbeta ikke ønsker, så kommentaren er fjernet
3317 &lt;br&gt;&gt; og den delen av diskusjonen er avsluttet på nrkbeta, vi antar
3318 &lt;br&gt;&gt; konsekvensene vi beskriver ikke er noe du ønsker heller...&lt;/p&gt;
3319
3320 &lt;p&gt;Personlig ønsker jeg at NRK skal slutte å stikke hodet i sanden og
3321 heller være åpne på hvordan virkeligheten fungerer, samt ta opp kampen
3322 mot de som vil låse kulturen inne. Jeg synes det er en skam at NRK
3323 godtar å forlede publikum. Ville heller at NRK krever at innhold som
3324 skal sendes skal være uten bruksbegresninger og kan publiseres i
3325 formater som heller ikke har bruksbegresninger (bruksbegresningene til
3326 H.264 burde få varselbjellene i NRK til å ringe).&lt;/p&gt;
3327
3328 &lt;p&gt;At NRK er med på DRM-tåkeleggingen og at det kommer feilaktive
3329 påstander om at &quot;streaming beskytter mot nedlasting&quot; som bare er egnet
3330 til å bygge opp om en myte som er skadelig for samfunnet som helhet.&lt;/p&gt;
3331
3332 &lt;p&gt;Anbefaler &amp;lt;URL:&lt;a href=&quot;http://webmink.com/2010/09/03/h-264-and-foss/&quot;&gt;http://webmink.com/2010/09/03/h-264-and-foss/&lt;/a&gt;&gt; og en
3333 titt på
3334 &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Terms_of_use_for_video_produced_by_a_Canon_IXUS_130_digital_camera.html&quot;&gt;http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Terms_of_use_for_video_produced_by_a_Canon_IXUS_130_digital_camera.html&lt;/a&gt; &gt;.
3335 for å se hva slags bruksbegresninger H.264 innebærer.&lt;/p&gt;
3336
3337 &lt;p&gt;Hvis dette innebærer at NRK må være åpne med at arkivmaterialet ikke
3338 kan brukes før rettighetshaverene også innser at de er med på å skade
3339 samfunnets kultur og kollektive hukommelse, så får en i hvert fall
3340 synliggjort konsekvensene og antagelig mer flammer på en debatt som er
3341 langt på overtid.&lt;/p&gt;
3342
3343 &lt;p&gt;&gt; Ring meg om noe er uklart: XXX&lt;/p&gt;
3344
3345 &lt;p&gt;Intet uklart, men ikke imponert over måten dere håndterer debatten på.
3346 Hadde du i stedet kommet med et tilsvar i kommentarfeltet der en
3347 gjorde det klart at blindpassasjer-blogpostingen ikke var riktig sted
3348 for videre diskusjon hadde dere i mine øyne kommet fra det med
3349 ryggraden på plass.&lt;/p&gt;
3350
3351 &lt;p&gt;PS: Interessant å se at NRK-ansatte ikke bruker NRK-epostadresser.&lt;/p&gt;
3352
3353 &lt;p&gt;Som en liten avslutning, her er noen litt morsomme innslag om temaet.
3354 &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.archive.org/details/CopyingIsNotTheft&quot;&gt;http://www.archive.org/details/CopyingIsNotTheft&lt;/a&gt; &gt; og
3355 &amp;lt;URL: &lt;a href=&quot;http://patentabsurdity.com/&quot;&gt;http://patentabsurdity.com/&lt;/a&gt; &gt; hadde vært noe å kringkaste på
3356 NRK1. :)&lt;/p&gt;
3357
3358 &lt;p&gt;Vennlig hilsen,
3359 &lt;br&gt;--
3360 &lt;br&gt;Petter Reinholdtsen&lt;/p&gt;
3361 </description>
3362 </item>
3363
3364 <item>
3365 <title>Standardkrav inn i anbudstekster?</title>
3366 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Standardkrav_inn_i_anbudstekster_.html</link>
3367 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Standardkrav_inn_i_anbudstekster_.html</guid>
3368 <pubDate>Sun, 17 Oct 2010 19:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
3369 <description>&lt;p&gt;Hvis det å følge standarder skal ha noen effekt overfor
3370 leverandører, så må slike krav og ønsker komme inn i anbudstekster når
3371 systemer kjøpes inn. Har ikke sett noen slike formuleringer i anbud
3372 så langt, men har tenkt litt på hva som bør inn. Her er noen ideer og
3373 forslag. Min drøm er at en kan sette krav til slik støtte i
3374 anbudstekster, men så langt er det nok mer sannsynlig at en må nøye
3375 seg med å skrive at det er en fordel om slik støtte er tilstede i
3376 leveranser.&lt;/p&gt;
3377
3378 &lt;p&gt;Som systemadministrator på Universitetet er det typisk to områder
3379 som er problematiske for meg. Det ene er admin-grensesnittene på
3380 tjenermaskiner, som vi ønsker å bruke via ssh. Det andre er nettsider
3381 som vi ønsker å bruke via en nettleser. For begge deler er det viktig
3382 at protokollene og formatene som brukes følger standarder våre verktøy
3383 støtter.&lt;/p&gt;
3384
3385 &lt;p&gt;De fleste har nå støtte for SSH som overføringsprotkoll for
3386 admin-grensesnittet, men det er ikke tilstrekkelig for å kunne stille
3387 inn f.eks BIOS og RAID-kontroller via ssh-forbindelsen. Det er flere
3388 aktuelle protokoller for fremvisning av BIOS-oppsett og
3389 oppstartmeldinger, og min anbefaling ville være å kreve
3390 VT100-kompatibel protokoll, for å sikre at flest mulig
3391 terminalemulatorer kan forstå hva som kommer fra admin-grensesnittet
3392 via ssh. Andre aktuelle alternativer er ANSI-terminalemulering og
3393 VT220. Kanskje en formulering ala dette i anbudsutlysninger vil
3394 fungere:&lt;/p&gt;
3395
3396 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
3397 BIOS og oppstartmeldinger i administrasjonsgrensesnittet til maskinen
3398 bør/skal være tilgjengelig via SSH-protokollen som definert av IETF
3399 (RFC 4251 mfl.) og følge terminalfremvisningprotokollen VT100 (ref?)
3400 når en kobler seg til oppstart via ssh.
3401 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3402
3403 &lt;p&gt;Har ikke lykkes med å finne en god referanse for
3404 VT100-spesifikasjonen.&lt;/p&gt;
3405
3406 &lt;p&gt;Når det gjelder nettsider, så er det det HTML, CSS og
3407 JavaScript-spesifikasjonen til W3C som gjelder.&lt;/p&gt;
3408
3409 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;
3410 Alle systemets nettsider bør/skal være i henhold til statens
3411 standardkatalogs krav om nettsider og følge HTML-standarden som
3412 definert av W3C, og validere uten feil hos W3Cs HTML-validator
3413 (http://validator.w3.org). Hvis det brukes CSS så bør/skal denne
3414 validere uten feil hos W3Cs CSS-validator
3415 (http://jigsaw.w3.org/css-validator/). Eventuelle JavaScript skal
3416 være i henhold til EcmaScript-standarden. I tillegg til å følge de
3417 overnevnte standardene skal websidene fungere i nettleserne (fyll inn
3418 relevant liste for organisasjonen) Firefox 3.5, Internet Explorer 8,
3419 Opera 9, etc.
3420 &lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3421
3422 &lt;p&gt;Vil et slikt avsnitt være konkret nok til å få leverandørene til å
3423 lage nettsider som følger standardene og fungerer i flere
3424 nettlesere?&lt;/p&gt;
3425
3426 &lt;p&gt;Tar svært gjerne imot innspill på dette temaet til aktive (at)
3427 nuug.no, og er spesielt interessert i hva andre skriver i sine anbud
3428 for å oppmuntre leverandører til å følge standardene. Kanskje NUUG
3429 burde lage et dokument med forslag til standardformuleringer å ta med
3430 i anbudsutlysninger?&lt;/p&gt;
3431
3432 &lt;p&gt;Oppdatering 2010-12-03: I følge Wikipedias oppføring om
3433 &lt;a href=&quot;http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANSI_escape_code&quot;&gt;ANSI escape
3434 code&lt;/a&gt;, så bruker VT100-terminaler ECMA-48-spesifikasjonen som
3435 basis for sin oppførsel. Det kan dermed være et alternativ når en
3436 skal spesifisere hvordan seriell-konsoll skal fungere.&lt;/p&gt;
3437 </description>
3438 </item>
3439
3440 <item>
3441 <title>Terms of use for video produced by a Canon IXUS 130 digital camera</title>
3442 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Terms_of_use_for_video_produced_by_a_Canon_IXUS_130_digital_camera.html</link>
3443 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Terms_of_use_for_video_produced_by_a_Canon_IXUS_130_digital_camera.html</guid>
3444 <pubDate>Thu, 9 Sep 2010 23:55:00 +0200</pubDate>
3445 <description>&lt;p&gt;A few days ago I had the mixed pleasure of bying a new digital
3446 camera, a Canon IXUS 130. It was instructive and very disturbing to
3447 be able to verify that also this camera producer have the nerve to
3448 specify how I can or can not use the videos produced with the camera.
3449 Even thought I was aware of the issue, the options with new cameras
3450 are limited and I ended up bying the camera anyway. What is the
3451 problem, you might ask? It is software patents, MPEG-4, H.264 and the
3452 MPEG-LA that is the problem, and our right to record our experiences
3453 without asking for permissions that is at risk.
3454
3455 &lt;p&gt;On page 27 of the Danish instruction manual, this section is
3456 written:&lt;/p&gt;
3457
3458 &lt;blockquote&gt;
3459 &lt;p&gt;This product is licensed under AT&amp;T patents for the MPEG-4 standard
3460 and may be used for encoding MPEG-4 compliant video and/or decoding
3461 MPEG-4 compliant video that was encoded only (1) for a personal and
3462 non-commercial purpose or (2) by a video provider licensed under the
3463 AT&amp;T patents to provide MPEG-4 compliant video.&lt;/p&gt;
3464
3465 &lt;p&gt;No license is granted or implied for any other use for MPEG-4
3466 standard.&lt;/p&gt;
3467 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
3468
3469 &lt;p&gt;In short, the camera producer have chosen to use technology
3470 (MPEG-4/H.264) that is only provided if I used it for personal and
3471 non-commercial purposes, or ask for permission from the organisations
3472 holding the knowledge monopoly (patent) for technology used.&lt;/p&gt;
3473
3474 &lt;p&gt;This issue has been brewing for a while, and I recommend you to
3475 read
3476 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://www.osnews.com/story/23236/Why_Our_Civilization_s_Video_Art_and_Culture_is_Threatened_by_the_MPEG-LA&quot;&gt;Why
3477 Our Civilization&#39;s Video Art and Culture is Threatened by the
3478 MPEG-LA&lt;/a&gt;&quot; by Eugenia Loli-Queru and
3479 &quot;&lt;a href=&quot;http://webmink.com/2010/09/03/h-264-and-foss/&quot;&gt;H.264 Is Not
3480 The Sort Of Free That Matters&lt;/a&gt;&quot; by Simon Phipps to learn more about
3481 the issue. The solution is to support the
3482 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;free and
3483 open standards&lt;/a&gt; for video, like &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.theora.org/&quot;&gt;Ogg
3484 Theora&lt;/a&gt;, and avoid MPEG-4 and H.264 if you can.&lt;/p&gt;
3485 </description>
3486 </item>
3487
3488 <item>
3489 <title>Officeshots taking shape</title>
3490 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Officeshots_taking_shape.html</link>
3491 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Officeshots_taking_shape.html</guid>
3492 <pubDate>Sun, 13 Jun 2010 11:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
3493 <description>&lt;p&gt;For those of us caring about document exchange and
3494 interoperability, &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.officeshots.org/&quot;&gt;OfficeShots&lt;/a&gt;
3495 is a great service. It is to ODF documents what
3496 &lt;a href=&quot;http://browsershots.org/&quot;&gt;BrowserShots&lt;/a&gt; is for web
3497 pages.&lt;/p&gt;
3498
3499 &lt;p&gt;A while back, I was contacted by Knut Yrvin at the part of Nokia
3500 that used to be Trolltech, who wanted to help the OfficeShots project
3501 and wondered if the University of Oslo where I work would be
3502 interested in supporting the project. I helped him to navigate his
3503 request to the right people at work, and his request was answered with
3504 a spot in the machine room with power and network connected, and Knut
3505 arranged funding for a machine to fill the spot. The machine is
3506 administrated by the OfficeShots people, so I do not have daily
3507 contact with its progress, and thus from time to time check back to
3508 see how the project is doing.&lt;/p&gt;
3509
3510 &lt;p&gt;Today I had a look, and was happy to see that the Dell box in our
3511 machine room now is the host for several virtual machines running as
3512 OfficeShots factories, and the project is able to render ODF documents
3513 in 17 different document processing implementation on Linux and
3514 Windows. This is great.&lt;/p&gt;
3515 </description>
3516 </item>
3517
3518 <item>
3519 <title>A manual for standards wars...</title>
3520 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html</link>
3521 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/A_manual_for_standards_wars___.html</guid>
3522 <pubDate>Sun, 6 Jun 2010 14:15:00 +0200</pubDate>
3523 <description>&lt;p&gt;Via the
3524 &lt;a href=&quot;http://feedproxy.google.com/~r/robweir/antic-atom/~3/QzU4RgoAGMg/weekly-links-10.html&quot;&gt;blog
3525 of Rob Weir&lt;/a&gt; I came across the very interesting essay named
3526 &lt;a href=&quot;http://faculty.haas.berkeley.edu/shapiro/wars.pdf&quot;&gt;The Art of
3527 Standards Wars&lt;/a&gt; (PDF 25 pages). I recommend it for everyone
3528 following the standards wars of today.&lt;/p&gt;
3529 </description>
3530 </item>
3531
3532 <item>
3533 <title>Danmark går for ODF?</title>
3534 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Danmark_g_r_for_ODF_.html</link>
3535 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Danmark_g_r_for_ODF_.html</guid>
3536 <pubDate>Fri, 29 Jan 2010 12:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
3537 <description>&lt;p&gt;Ble nettopp gjort oppmerksom på en
3538 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.version2.dk/artikel/13690-breaking-odf-vinder-dokumentformat-krigen &quot;&gt;nyhet fra Version2&lt;/a&gt;
3539 fra Danmark, der det hevdes at Folketinget har vedtatt at ODF skal
3540 brukes som dokumentutvekslingsformat i Staten.&lt;/p&gt;
3541
3542 &lt;p&gt;Hyggelig lesning, spesielt hvis det viser seg at de av vedtatt
3543 kravlisten for hva som skal aksepteres som referert i kommentarfeltet
3544 til artikkelen og
3545 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.version2.dk/artikel/13693-er-ooxml-doemt-ude-her-er-kravene-til-en-offentlig-dokumentstandard&quot;&gt;en
3546 annen artikkel&lt;/a&gt; i samme nett-avis. Liker spesielt godt denne:&lt;/p&gt;
3547
3548 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt; Det skal demonstreres, at standarden i sin helhed kan
3549 implementeres af alle direkte i sin helhed på flere
3550 platforme.&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3551
3552 &lt;p&gt;Noe slikt burde være et krav også i Norge.&lt;/p&gt;
3553 </description>
3554 </item>
3555
3556 <item>
3557 <title>Relative popularity of document formats (MS Office vs. ODF)</title>
3558 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Relative_popularity_of_document_formats__MS_Office_vs__ODF_.html</link>
3559 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Relative_popularity_of_document_formats__MS_Office_vs__ODF_.html</guid>
3560 <pubDate>Wed, 12 Aug 2009 15:50:00 +0200</pubDate>
3561 <description>&lt;p&gt;Just for fun, I did a search right now on Google for a few file ODF
3562 and MS Office based formats (not to be mistaken for ISO or ECMA
3563 OOXML), to get an idea of their relative usage. I searched using
3564 &#39;filetype:odt&#39; and equvalent terms, and got these results:&lt;/P&gt;
3565
3566 &lt;table&gt;
3567 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Type&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;ODF&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;MS Office&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3568 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Tekst&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odt:282000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;docx:308000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3569 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Presentasjon&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odp:75600&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;pptx:183000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3570 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Regneark&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;ods:26500 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;xlsx:145000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3571 &lt;/table&gt;
3572
3573 &lt;p&gt;Next, I added a &#39;site:no&#39; limit to get the numbers for Norway, and
3574 got these numbers:&lt;/p&gt;
3575
3576 &lt;table&gt;
3577 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Type&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;ODF&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;MS Office&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3578 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Tekst&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odt:2480 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;docx:4460&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3579 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Presentasjon&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odp:299 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;pptx:741&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3580 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Regneark&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;ods:187 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;xlsx:372&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3581 &lt;/table&gt;
3582
3583 &lt;p&gt;I wonder how these numbers change over time.&lt;/p&gt;
3584
3585 &lt;p&gt;I am aware of Google returning different results and numbers based
3586 on where the search is done, so I guess these numbers will differ if
3587 they are conduced in another country. Because of this, I did the same
3588 search from a machine in California, USA, a few minutes after the
3589 search done from a machine here in Norway.&lt;/p&gt;
3590
3591
3592 &lt;table&gt;
3593 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Type&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;ODF&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;MS Office&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3594 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Tekst&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odt:129000&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;docx:308000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3595 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Presentasjon&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odp:44200&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;pptx:93900&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3596 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Regneark&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;ods:26500 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;xlsx:82400&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3597 &lt;/table&gt;
3598
3599 &lt;p&gt;And with &#39;site:no&#39;:
3600
3601 &lt;table&gt;
3602 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;th&gt;Type&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;ODF&lt;/th&gt;&lt;th&gt;MS Office&lt;/th&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3603 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Tekst&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odt:2480&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;docx:3410&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3604 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Presentasjon&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;odp:175&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;pptx:604&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3605 &lt;tr&gt;&lt;td&gt;Regneark&lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;ods:186 &lt;/td&gt; &lt;td&gt;xlsx:296&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
3606 &lt;/table&gt;
3607
3608 &lt;p&gt;Interesting difference, not sure what to conclude from these
3609 numbers.&lt;/p&gt;
3610 </description>
3611 </item>
3612
3613 <item>
3614 <title>ISO still hope to fix OOXML</title>
3615 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ISO_still_hope_to_fix_OOXML.html</link>
3616 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ISO_still_hope_to_fix_OOXML.html</guid>
3617 <pubDate>Sat, 8 Aug 2009 14:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
3618 <description>&lt;p&gt;According to &lt;a
3619 href=&quot;http://twerner.blogspot.com/2009/08/defects-of-office-open-xml.html&quot;&gt;a
3620 blog post from Torsten Werner&lt;/a&gt;, the current defect report for ISO
3621 29500 (ISO OOXML) is 809 pages. His interesting point is that the
3622 defect report is 71 pages more than the full ODF 1.1 specification.
3623 Personally I find it more interesting that ISO still believe ISO OOXML
3624 can be fixed in ISO. Personally, I believe it is broken beyon repair,
3625 and I completely lack any trust in ISO for being able to get anywhere
3626 close to solving the problems. I was part of the Norwegian committee
3627 involved in the OOXML fast track process, and was not impressed with
3628 Standard Norway and ISO in how they handled it.&lt;/p&gt;
3629
3630 &lt;p&gt;These days I focus on ODF instead, which seem like a specification
3631 with the future ahead of it. We are working in NUUG to organise a ODF
3632 seminar this autumn.&lt;/p&gt;
3633 </description>
3634 </item>
3635
3636 <item>
3637 <title>Regjerningens oppsummering av høringen om standardkatalogen versjon 2</title>
3638 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjerningens_oppsummering_av_h_ringen_om_standardkatalogen_versjon_2.html</link>
3639 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjerningens_oppsummering_av_h_ringen_om_standardkatalogen_versjon_2.html</guid>
3640 <pubDate>Thu, 9 Jul 2009 14:40:00 +0200</pubDate>
3641 <description>&lt;p&gt;For å forstå mer om hvorfor standardkatalogens versjon 2 ble som
3642 den ble, har jeg bedt om kopi fra FAD av dokumentene som ble lagt frem
3643 for regjeringen da de tok sin avgjørelse. De er nå lagt ut på NUUGs
3644 wiki, direkte tilgjengelig via &quot;&lt;a
3645 href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/200901-standardkatalog-v2?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=kongelig-resolusjon.pdf&quot;&gt;Referansekatalogen
3646 v2.0 - Oppsummering av høring&lt;/a&gt;&quot; og &quot;&lt;a
3647 href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/200901-standardkatalog-v2?action=AttachFile&amp;do=get&amp;target=kongelig-resolusjon-katalogutkast.pdf&quot;&gt;Referansekatalog
3648 for IT-standarder i offentlig sektor Versjon 2.0, dd.mm.åååå -
3649 UTKAST&lt;/a&gt;&quot;.&lt;/p&gt;
3650
3651 &lt;p&gt;Det er tre ting jeg merker meg i oppsummeringen fra
3652 høringsuttalelsen da jeg skummet igjennom den. Det første er at
3653 forståelsen av hvordan programvarepatenter påvirker fri
3654 programvareutvikling også i Norge når en argumenterer med at
3655 royalty-betaling ikke er et relevant problem i Norge. Det andre er at
3656 FAD ikke har en prinsipiell forståelse av verdien av en enkelt
3657 standard innenfor hvert område. Det siste er at påstander i
3658 høringsuttalelsene ikke blir etterprøvd (f.eks. påstanden fra
3659 Microsoft om hvordan Ogg blir standardisert og påstanden fra
3660 politidirektoratet om patentproblemer i Theora).&lt;/p&gt;
3661 </description>
3662 </item>
3663
3664 <item>
3665 <title>Regjerningen forlater prinsippet om ingen royalty-betaling i standardkatalogen versjon 2</title>
3666 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjerningen_forlater_prinsippet_om_ingen_royalty_betaling_i_standardkatalogen_versjon_2.html</link>
3667 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Regjerningen_forlater_prinsippet_om_ingen_royalty_betaling_i_standardkatalogen_versjon_2.html</guid>
3668 <pubDate>Mon, 6 Jul 2009 21:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
3669 <description>&lt;p&gt;Jeg ble glad da regjeringen
3670 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digi.no/817635/her-er-statens-nye-it-standarder&quot;&gt;annonserte&lt;/a&gt;
3671 versjon 2 av
3672 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/FAD/Vedlegg/IKT-politikk/Referansekatalogen_versjon2.pdf&quot;&gt;statens
3673 referansekatalog over standarder&lt;/a&gt;, men trist da jeg leste hva som
3674 faktisk var vedtatt etter
3675 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/fad/dok/horinger/horingsdokumenter/2009/horing---referansekatalog-versjon-2.html&quot;&gt;høringen&lt;/a&gt;.
3676 De fleste av de valgte åpne standardene er gode og vil bidra til at
3677 alle kan delta på like vilkår i å lage løsninger for staten, men
3678 noen av dem blokkerer for de som ikke har anledning til å benytte
3679 spesifikasjoner som krever betaling for bruk (såkalt
3680 royalty-betaling). Det gjelder spesifikt for H.264 for video og MP3
3681 for lyd. Så lenge bruk av disse var valgfritt mens Ogg Theora og Ogg
3682 Vorbis var påkrevd, kunne alle som ønsket å spille av video og lyd
3683 fra statens websider gjøre dette uten å måtte bruke programmer der
3684 betaling for bruk var nødvendig. Når det nå er gjort valgfritt for
3685 de statlige etatene å bruke enten H.264 eller Theora (og MP3 eler
3686 Vorbis), så vil en bli tvunget til å forholde seg til
3687 royalty-belastede standarder for å få tilgang til videoen og
3688 lyden.&lt;/p&gt;
3689
3690 &lt;p&gt;Det gjør meg veldig trist at regjeringen har forlatt prinsippet om
3691 at alle standarder som ble valgt til å være påkrevd i katalogen skulle
3692 være uten royalty-betaling. Jeg håper det ikke betyr at en har mistet
3693 all forståelse for hvilke prinsipper som må følges for å oppnå
3694 likeverdig konkurranse mellom aktørene i IT-bransjen. NUUG advarte
3695 mot dette i
3696 &lt;a href=&quot;http://wiki.nuug.no/uttalelser/200901-standardkatalog-v2&quot;&gt;sin
3697 høringsuttalelse&lt;/a&gt;, men ser ut til å ha blitt ignorert.&lt;/p&gt;
3698
3699 &lt;p&gt;Oppdatering 2012-06-29: Kom over &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/FAD/Vedlegg/IKT-politikk/Refkat_v2.pdf&quot;&gt;en
3700 rapport til FAD&lt;/a&gt; fra da versjon 1 av katalogen ble vedtatt, og der
3701 er det tydelig at problemstillingen var kjent og forstått.&lt;/p&gt;
3702 </description>
3703 </item>
3704
3705 <item>
3706 <title>Microsofts misvisende argumentasjon rundt multimediaformater</title>
3707 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Microsofts_misvisende_argumentasjon_rundt_multimediaformater.html</link>
3708 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Microsofts_misvisende_argumentasjon_rundt_multimediaformater.html</guid>
3709 <pubDate>Fri, 26 Jun 2009 13:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
3710 <description>&lt;p&gt;I
3711 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/upload/FAD/Vedlegg/Hoeringer/Refkat_V2/MicrosoftNorge.pdf&quot;&gt;Microsoft
3712 sin høringsuttalelse&lt;/a&gt; til
3713 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/fad/dok/horinger/horingsdokumenter/2009/horing---referansekatalog-versjon-2.html?id=549422&quot;&gt;forslag
3714 til versjon 2 av statens referansekatalog over standarder&lt;/a&gt;, lirer
3715 de av seg følgende FUD-perle:&lt;/p&gt;
3716
3717 &lt;p&gt;&lt;blockquote&gt;&quot;Vorbis, OGG, Theora og FLAC er alle tekniske
3718 spesifikasjoner overordnet styrt av xiph.org, som er en
3719 ikke-kommersiell organisasjon. Etablerte og anerkjente
3720 standardiseringsorganisasjoner, som Oasis, W3C og Ecma, har en godt
3721 innarbeidet vedlikeholds- og forvaltningsprosess av en standard.
3722 Det er derimot helt opp til hver enkelt organisasjon å bestemme
3723 hvordan tekniske spesifikasjoner videreutvikles og endres, og disse
3724 spesifikasjonene bør derfor ikke defineres som åpne
3725 standarder.&quot;&lt;/blockquote&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3726
3727 &lt;p&gt;De vokter seg vel for å nevne den anerkjente
3728 standardiseringsorganisasjonen IETF, som er organisasjonen bak HTTP,
3729 IP og det meste av protokoller på Internet, og RFC-standardene som
3730 IETF står bak. Ogg er spesifisert i
3731 &lt;a href=&quot;http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc3533.txt&quot;&gt;RFC 3533&lt;/a&gt;, og er uten
3732 tvil å anse som en åpen standard. Vorbis er
3733 &lt;a href=&quot;http://ietf.org/rfc/rfc5215.txt&quot;&gt;RFC 5215&lt;/a&gt;. Theora er
3734
3735 under standardisering via IETF, med
3736 &lt;a href=&quot;http://svn.xiph.org/trunk/theora/doc/draft-ietf-avt-rtp-theora-00.txt&quot;&gt;siste
3737 utkast publisert 2006-07-21&lt;/a&gt; (riktignok er dermed teksten ikke
3738 skrevet i stein ennå, men det blir neppe endringer som ikke er
3739 bakoverkompatibel). De kan være inne på noe når det gjelder FLAC da
3740 jeg ikke finner tegn til at &lt;a
3741 href=&quot;http://flac.sourceforge.net/format.html&quot;&gt;spesifikasjonen
3742 tilgjengelig på web&lt;/a&gt; er på tur via noen
3743 standardiseringsorganisasjon, men i og med at folkene bak Ogg, Theora
3744 og Vorbis også har involvert seg i Flac siden 2003, så ser jeg ikke
3745 bort fra at også den organiseres via IETF. Jeg kjenner personlig lite
3746 til FLAC.&lt;/p&gt;
3747
3748 &lt;p&gt;Uredelig argumentasjon bør en holde seg for god til å komme med,
3749 spesielt når det er så enkelt i dagens Internet-hverdag å gå
3750 misvisende påstander etter i sømmene.&lt;/p&gt;
3751 </description>
3752 </item>
3753
3754 <item>
3755 <title>Standarder fungerer best når en samler seg rundt dem</title>
3756 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Standarder_fungerer_best_n_r_en_samler_seg_rundt_dem.html</link>
3757 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Standarder_fungerer_best_n_r_en_samler_seg_rundt_dem.html</guid>
3758 <pubDate>Tue, 19 May 2009 11:30:00 +0200</pubDate>
3759 <description>&lt;p&gt;En standard er noe man samler seg rundt, ut fra ideen om at en får
3760 fordeler når mange står sammen. Jo flere som står sammen, jo
3761 bedre. Når en vet dette, blir det litt merkelig å lese noen av
3762 uttalelsene som er kommet inn til
3763 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/fad/dok/horinger/horingsdokumenter/2009/horing---referansekatalog-versjon-2/horingsuttalelser.html?id=549423&quot;&gt;høringen
3764 om versjon 2 av statens referansekatalog over standarder&lt;/a&gt;. Blant
3765 annet Abelia, NHO og Microsoft tror det er lurt med flere standarder
3766 innenfor samme område. Det blir som å si at det er fint om Norge
3767 standardiserte både på A4- og Letter-størrelser på arkene, ulik
3768 sporvidde på jernbaneskinnene, meter og fot som lengemål, eller
3769 høyre- og venstrekjøring - slik at en kan konkurrere på hvilken
3770 standard som er best. De fleste forstår heldigvis at dette ikke
3771 bidrar positivt.&lt;/p&gt;
3772 </description>
3773 </item>
3774
3775 <item>
3776 <title>Hvorfor jeg ikke bruker eFaktura</title>
3777 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvorfor_jeg_ikke_bruker_eFaktura.html</link>
3778 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hvorfor_jeg_ikke_bruker_eFaktura.html</guid>
3779 <pubDate>Thu, 23 Apr 2009 23:00:00 +0200</pubDate>
3780 <description>&lt;p&gt;Telenors annonsering om å kreve 35 kroner i gebyr fra alle som
3781 ønsker papirfaktura har satt sinnene i kok, og pressedekningen så
3782 langt snakker om at eldre og folk som ikke behersker data vil få en
3783 urimelig ekstrakostnad. Jeg tror ikke jeg passer inn i noen av de
3784 kategoriene, men velger å holde meg unna eFaktura - som er det
3785 Telenor ønsker å få folk over på - pga. systemets egenskaper.&lt;/p&gt;
3786
3787 &lt;p&gt;Slik jeg har sett eFaktura til forbrukere så langt, så sender
3788 selger en elektronisk beskjed til kundens bank, som legger ut
3789 informasjon om fakturaen i nettbanken for godkjenning. Personlig
3790 ville jeg sett det som mer naturlig at det gikk en elektronisk beskjed
3791 fra selger til kunde, dvs meg, og at jeg så kunne bruke den videre
3792 mot banken eller andre hvis jeg ønsket dette. Mine innkjøp og
3793 regninger er jo en sak mellom meg og mine leverandører, ikke en sak
3794 mellom min bank og mine leverandører. Kun hvis jeg ønsker å betale
3795 fakturaen skal banken involveres. En faktura bør jo inn i
3796 regnskapet, og jeg ønsker mulighet til å legge det inn der. Når
3797 fakturaen sendes til banken i stedet for meg, blir det vanskeligere.
3798 Hele eFaktura-modellen virker på meg som en umyndiggjøring av meg
3799 som kunde.&lt;/p&gt;
3800
3801 &lt;p&gt;I tillegg har jeg ikke vært i stand til å finne
3802 eFaktura-formatets spesifikasjon, og det ser ut til at utsending av
3803 slike krever dyre avtaler med bankene for å få lov til å sende ut
3804 eFaktura til kunder. Jeg ser vel helst at fakturering på
3805 elektroniske formater kan gjøres f.eks. via epost eller HTTP uten å
3806 måtte betale mellommenn for retten til å lever ut en faktura, og
3807 liker rett og slett ikke dagens faktureringsmodeller.&lt;/p&gt;
3808 </description>
3809 </item>
3810
3811 <item>
3812 <title>Standardize on protocols and formats, not vendors and applications</title>
3813 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Standardize_on_protocols_and_formats__not_vendors_and_applications.html</link>
3814 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Standardize_on_protocols_and_formats__not_vendors_and_applications.html</guid>
3815 <pubDate>Mon, 30 Mar 2009 11:50:00 +0200</pubDate>
3816 <description>&lt;p&gt;Where I work at the University of Oslo, one decision stand out as a
3817 very good one to form a long lived computer infrastructure. It is the
3818 simple one, lost by many in todays computer industry: Standardize on
3819 open network protocols and open exchange/storage formats, not applications.
3820 Applications come and go, while protocols and files tend to stay, and
3821 thus one want to make it easy to change application and vendor, while
3822 avoiding conversion costs and locking users to a specific platform or
3823 application.&lt;/p&gt;
3824
3825 &lt;p&gt;This approach make it possible to replace the client applications
3826 independently of the server applications. One can even allow users to
3827 use several different applications as long as they handle the selected
3828 protocol and format. In the normal case, only one client application
3829 is recommended and users only get help if they choose to use this
3830 application, but those that want to deviate from the easy path are not
3831 blocked from doing so.&lt;/p&gt;
3832
3833 &lt;p&gt;It also allow us to replace the server side without forcing the
3834 users to replace their applications, and thus allow us to select the
3835 best server implementation at any moment, when scale and resouce
3836 requirements change.&lt;/p&gt;
3837
3838 &lt;p&gt;I strongly recommend standardizing - on open network protocols and
3839 open formats, but I would never recommend standardizing on a single
3840 application that do not use open network protocol or open formats.&lt;/p&gt;
3841 </description>
3842 </item>
3843
3844 <item>
3845 <title>Hva er egentlig en åpen standard?</title>
3846 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_er_egentlig_en__pen_standard_.html</link>
3847 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Hva_er_egentlig_en__pen_standard_.html</guid>
3848 <pubDate>Sat, 28 Mar 2009 10:50:00 +0100</pubDate>
3849 <description>&lt;p&gt;Jeg møter alle slags interessante mennesker på min vei, og et møte
3850 jeg lærte mye av var å treffe på en svært kompetent IT-fyr som
3851 benektet ting jeg anser som åpenbart og selvfølgelig når det gjelder
3852 standarder. Det var interessant, da det fikk meg til å tenke litt
3853 nøyere på hvilke mekanismer som ligger til grunn for at noe oppfattes
3854 som en standard. Det hele startet med arbeid rundt integrering av NSS
3855 LDAP mot Active Directory, og problemer som oppstår pga. at Active
3856 Directory ikke følger LDAP-spesifikasjonen som dokumentert i RFCer fra
3857 IETF (konkret, AD returnerer kun et subset av attributter hvis det er
3858 mer enn 1500 atributter av en gitt type i et LDAP-objekt, og en må be
3859 om resten i bolker av 1500). Jeg hevdet måten dette ble gjort på brøt
3860 med LDAP-spesifikasjonen, og henviste til hvor i LDAP-spesifikasjonen
3861 fra IETF det sto at oppførselen til AD ikke fulgte
3862 LDAP-spesifikasjonen. AD-spesialisten overrasket meg da ved å
3863 fortelle at IETF var ikke de som definerte LDAP-spesifikasjonen, og at
3864 Active Directory ikke brøt den virkelige LDAP-spesifikasjonen som han
3865 mente lå til grunn. Jeg ble spesielt overrasket over denne
3866 tilnærmingen til problemstillingen, da til og med Microsoft så vidt
3867 jeg kan se anerkjenner IETF som organisasjonen som definerer
3868 LDAP-spesifikasjonen. Jeg fikk aldri spurt hvem han mente sto bak den
3869 egentlige LDAP-spesifikasjonen, da det var irrelevant for problemet vi
3870 måtte løse (få Linux og AD til å fungere sammen). Dette møtet
3871 fortalte meg uansett at det ikke er gitt at alle aktører er enige om
3872 hva en standard er, og hva som er kilden til en gitt standard. Det er
3873 vanskelig å enes om felles standarder før en først enes om hvem som
3874 bestemmer hva en gitt standard innebærer.&lt;/p&gt;
3875
3876 &lt;p&gt;Hva er så en standard? I sin abstrakte form er det noe å samles
3877 om. På engelsk er en av betydningene fane brukt i krig, du vet, den
3878 type fane en samlet seg rundt på kamplassen i riddertiden. En
3879 standard definerer altså et felleskap, noen som har noe felles. Det
3880 er naturligvis mange måter å utgjøre et felleskap på. En kan
3881 f.eks. enes om å gjøre alt slik som Ole gjør det, og dermed si at Oles
3882 oppførsel er standard. Hver gang Ole endrer oppførsel endrer også
3883 standarden seg uten noe mer organisering og prosedyre. En variant av
3884 dette er å gjøre slik som Ole har gjort det i stedet for slik Ole til
3885 enhver til gjør noe. Dette er ofte litt enklere å forholde seg til,
3886 da en slipper å sjekke med Ole hver gang for å vite hvordan ting skal
3887 gjøres nå, men hvis det Ole gjorde noe dumt den gang en bestemte seg
3888 for å følge Ole, så er det vanskeligere å få endret oppførsel for å
3889 unngå dette dumme.&lt;/p&gt;
3890
3891 &lt;p&gt;En kan også ta det et skritt videre, og istedet for å basere seg på
3892 enkeltpersoners oppførsel sette seg ned og bli enige om hvordan en
3893 skal gjøre ting, dvs. lage et felleskap basert på konsensus. Dette
3894 tar naturligvis litt mer tid (en må diskutere ting i forkant før en
3895 kan sette igang), men det kan bidra til at den oppførselen en
3896 planlegger å benytte seg av er mer gjennomtenkt. Det ender også
3897 typisk opp med en beskrivelse av ønsket oppførsel som flere kan forstå
3898 - da flere har vært involvert i å utarbeide beskrivelsen.&lt;/p&gt;
3899
3900 &lt;p&gt;Dette er dessverre ikke alt som trengs for å forstå hva en åpen
3901 standard er for noe. Der alle kan se på hvordan folk oppfører seg, og
3902 dermed har valget om de vil oppføre seg likt eller ikke, så er det
3903 endel juridiske faktorer som gjør det hele mer komplisert -
3904 opphavsretten og patentlovgivningen for å være helt konkret. For å gi
3905 et eksempel. Hvis noen blir enige om å alltid plystre en bestemt
3906 melodi når de møtes, for å identifisere hverandre, så kan
3907 opphavsretten brukes til å styre hvem som får lov til å gjøre dette.
3908 De har standardisert hvordan de kjenner igjen alle som følger denne
3909 standarden, men ikke alle har nødvendigvis lov til å følge den.
3910 Musikk er opphavsrettsbeskyttet, og fremføring av musikk i
3911 offentligheten er opphavsmannens enerett (dvs. et monopol). Det vil i
3912 sin ytterste konsekvens si at alle som skal plystre en
3913 opphavsrettsbeskyttet melodi i det offentlige rom må ha godkjenning
3914 fra opphavsmannen. Har en ikke dette, så bryter en loven og kan
3915 straffes. Det er dermed mulig for opphavsmannen å kontrollere hvem
3916 som får lov til å benytte seg av denne standarden. En annen variant
3917 er hvis en standard er dokumentert, så er dokumentet som definerer
3918 standarden (spesifikasjonen) beskyttet av opphavsretten, og det er
3919 dermed mulig for rettighetsinnehaver å begrense tilgang til
3920 spesifikasjonen, og slik styre hvem som kan ta i bruk standarden på
3921 den måten.&lt;/p&gt;
3922
3923 &lt;p&gt;Der opphavsretten innvilger et monopol på kunstneriske uttrykk med
3924 verkshøyde, innvilger patentlovgivningen monopol på ideer. Hvis en
3925 slik patentert idé (fortrinnsvis uttrykt i en teknisk innretning, men
3926 det er kompliserende faktorer som gjør at det ikke er et krav) trengs
3927 for å ta i bruk en standard, så vil den som innehar patent kunne styre
3928 hvem som får ta i bruk standarden. Det er dermed ikke gitt at alle
3929 kan delta i et standard-felleskap, og hvis de kan delta, så er det
3930 ikke sikkert at det er på like vilkår. F.eks. kan rettighetsinnehaver
3931 sette vilkår som gjør at noen faller utenfor, det være seg av
3932 finansielle, avtalemessige eller prinsipielle årsaker. Vanlige slike
3933 vilkår er &quot;må betale litt for hver kunde/bruker&quot; som utelukker de som
3934 gir bort en løsning gratis og &quot;må gi fra seg retten til å håndheve
3935 sine egne patentrettigheter ovenfor rettighetshaver&quot; som utelukker
3936 alle som ønsker å beholde den muligheten.&lt;/p&gt;
3937
3938 &lt;p&gt;En åpen standard innebærer for meg at alle kan få innsikt i en
3939 komplett beskrivelse av oppførsel som standarden skal dekke, og at
3940 ingen kan nektes å benytte seg av standarden. Noen mener at det
3941 holder at alle med tilstrekkelig finansiering kan få tilgang til
3942 spesifikasjonen og at en kun har finansielle krav til bruk.
3943 Pga. denne konflikten har et nytt begrep spredt seg de siste årene,
3944 nemlig fri og åpen standard, der en har gjort det klart at alle må ha
3945 komplett og lik tilgang til spesifikasjoner og retten til å gjøre bruk
3946 av en standard for at en standard skal kunne kalles fri og åpen.&lt;/p&gt;
3947 </description>
3948 </item>
3949
3950 <item>
3951 <title>Fri og åpen standard, slik Digistan ser det</title>
3952 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fri_og__pen_standard__slik_Digistan_ser_det.html</link>
3953 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Fri_og__pen_standard__slik_Digistan_ser_det.html</guid>
3954 <pubDate>Sat, 31 Jan 2009 23:10:00 +0100</pubDate>
3955 <description>&lt;p&gt;Det er mange ulike definisjoner om hva en åpen standard er for noe,
3956 og NUUG hadde &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.nuug.no/dokumenter/standard-presse-def-200506.txt&quot;&gt;en
3957 pressemelding om dette sommeren 2005&lt;/a&gt;. Der ble definisjonen til
3958 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.aaben-standard.dk/&quot;&gt;DKUUG&lt;/a&gt;,
3959 &lt;a href=&quot;http://europa.eu.int/idabc/servlets/Doc?id=19529&quot;&gt;EU-kommissionens
3960 European Interoperability Framework ( side 9)&lt;/a&gt; og
3961 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.teknologiradet.no/files/7polert_copy.htm&quot;&gt;teknologirådet&lt;/a&gt; omtalt.&lt;/p&gt;
3962
3963 &lt;p&gt;Siden den gang har regjeringens standardiseringsråd dukket opp, og de
3964 ser ut til å har tatt utgangspunkt i EU-kommisjonens definisjon i
3965 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.regjeringen.no/nb/dep/fad/kampanjer/standardiseringsradet/arbeidsmetodikk.html?id=476407&quot;&gt;sin
3966 arbeidsmetodikk&lt;/a&gt;. Personlig synes jeg det er en god ide, da
3967 kravene som stilles der gjør at alle markedsaktører får like vilkår,
3968 noe som kommer kundene til gode ved hjelp av økt konkurranse.&lt;/p&gt;
3969
3970 &lt;p&gt;I sommer kom det en ny definisjon på banen.
3971 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/&quot;&gt;Digistan&lt;/a&gt; lanserte
3972 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.digistan.org/open-standard:definition&quot;&gt;en
3973 definisjon på en fri og åpen standard&lt;/a&gt;. Jeg liker måten de bryter
3974 ut av diskusjonen om hva som kreves for å kalle noe en åpen standard
3975 ved å legge på et ord og poengtere at en standard som er både åpen og
3976 fri har noen spesielle krav. Her er den definisjonen etter rask
3977 oversettelse fra engelsk til norsk av meg:&lt;/p&gt;
3978
3979 &lt;blockquote&gt;
3980 &lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Definisjonen av en fri og åpen standard&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
3981
3982 &lt;p&gt;Den digitale standardorganisasjonen definierer fri og åpen standard
3983 som følger:&lt;/p&gt;
3984 &lt;ul&gt;
3985 &lt;li&gt;En fri og åpen standard er immun for leverandørinnlåsing i alle
3986 stadier av dens livssyklus. Immuniteten fra leverandørinnlåsing gjør
3987 det mulig å fritt bruke, forbedre, stole på og utvide en standard over
3988 tid.&lt;/li&gt;
3989 &lt;li&gt;Standarden er adoptert og vil bli vedlikeholdt av en ikke-kommersiell
3990 organisasjon, og dens pågående utvikling gjøres med en åpen
3991 beslutningsprosedyre som er tilgjengelig for alle som er interessert i
3992 å delta.&lt;/li&gt;
3993 &lt;li&gt;Standarden er publisert og spesifikasjonsdokumentet er fritt
3994 tilgjengelig. Det må være tillatt for alle å kopiere, distribuere og
3995 bruke den uten begresninger.&lt;/li&gt;
3996 &lt;li&gt;Patentene som muligens gjelder (deler av) standarden er gjort
3997 ugjenkallelig tilgjengelig uten krav om betaling.&lt;/li&gt;
3998 &lt;li&gt;Det er ingen begresninger i gjenbruk av standarden.&lt;/li&gt;
3999 &lt;/ul&gt;
4000 &lt;p&gt;Det økonomiske resultatet av en fri og åpen standard, som kan
4001 måles, er at det muliggjør perfekt konkurranse mellom leverandører av
4002 produkter basert på standarden.&lt;/p&gt;
4003 &lt;/blockquote&gt;
4004
4005 &lt;p&gt;(Tar gjerne imot forbedringer av oversettelsen.)&lt;/p&gt;
4006 </description>
4007 </item>
4008
4009 <item>
4010 <title>ODF-bruk i staten, ikke helt på plass</title>
4011 <link>http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ODF_bruk_i_staten__ikke_helt_p__plass.html</link>
4012 <guid isPermaLink="true">http://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/ODF_bruk_i_staten__ikke_helt_p__plass.html</guid>
4013 <pubDate>Thu, 22 Jan 2009 23:00:00 +0100</pubDate>
4014 <description>&lt;p&gt;I går publiserte
4015 &lt;a href=&quot;http://universitas.no/nyhet/52776/&quot;&gt;Universitas&lt;/a&gt;,
4016 &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.dagensit.no/trender/article1588462.ece&quot;&gt;Dagens-IT&lt;/a&gt;
4017 og &lt;a href=&quot;http://www.idg.no/computerworld/article118622.ece&quot;&gt;Computerworld
4018 Norge&lt;/a&gt; en sak om at de ansatte ved Universitetet i Oslo ikke følger
4019 regjeringens pålegg om å publisere i HTML, PDF eller ODF. Det er bra
4020 at det kommer litt fokus på dette, og jeg håper noen journalister tar
4021 en titt på de andre statlige instansene også.&lt;/p&gt;
4022
4023 &lt;p&gt;Skulle ønske det var en enkel måte å sjekke om ODF-dokumenter er i
4024 henholdt til ODF-spesifikasjonen, og en måte å teste om programmer som
4025 hevder å støtte ODF forstår alle delene av ODF-spesifikasjonen.
4026 Kjenner kun til ufullstendige løsninger for slikt.&lt;/p&gt;
4027 </description>
4028 </item>
4029
4030 </channel>
4031 </rss>