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  13  <h1>
  14      <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/">Petter Reinholdtsen</a>
  15
  16  </h1>
  17
  18 </div>
  19
  20
  21     <h3>Entries tagged "raid".</h3>
  22
  23     <div class="entry">
  24       <div class="title">
  25         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/Some_notes_on_fault_tolerant_storage_systems.html">Some notes on fault tolerant storage systems</a>
  26       </div>
  27       <div class="date">
  28          1st November 2017
  29       </div>
  30       <div class="body">
  31         <p>If you care about how fault tolerant your storage is, you might
  32 find these articles and papers interesting.  They have formed how I
  33 think of when designing a storage system.</p>
  34
  35 <ul>
  36
  37 <li>USENIX :login; <a
  38 href="https://www.usenix.org/publications/login/summer2017/ganesan">Redundancy
  39 Does Not Imply Fault Tolerance.  Analysis of Distributed Storage
  40 Reactions to Single Errors and Corruptions</a> by Aishwarya Ganesan,
  41 Ramnatthan Alagappan, Andrea C. Arpaci-Dusseau, and Remzi
  42 H. Arpaci-Dusseau</li>
  43
  44 <li>ZDNet
  45 <a href="http://www.zdnet.com/article/why-raid-5-stops-working-in-2009/">Why
  46 RAID 5 stops working in 2009</a> by Robin Harris</li>
  47
  48 <li>ZDNet
  49 <a href="http://www.zdnet.com/article/why-raid-6-stops-working-in-2019/">Why
  50 RAID 6 stops working in 2019</a> by Robin Harris</li>
  51
  52 <li>USENIX FAST'07
  53 <a href="http://research.google.com/archive/disk_failures.pdf">Failure
  54 Trends in a Large Disk Drive Population</a> by Eduardo Pinheiro,
  55 Wolf-Dietrich Weber and Luiz André Barroso</li>
  56
  57 <li>USENIX ;login: <a
  58 href="https://www.usenix.org/system/files/login/articles/hughes12-04.pdf">Data
  59 Integrity.  Finding Truth in a World of Guesses and Lies</a> by Doug
  60 Hughes</li>
  61
  62 <li>USENIX FAST'08
  63 <a href="https://www.usenix.org/events/fast08/tech/full_papers/bairavasundaram/bairavasundaram_html/">An
  64 Analysis of Data Corruption in the Storage Stack</a> by
  65 L. N. Bairavasundaram, G. R. Goodson, B. Schroeder, A. C.
  66 Arpaci-Dusseau, and R. H. Arpaci-Dusseau</li>
  67
  68 <li>USENIX FAST'07 <a
  69 href="https://www.usenix.org/legacy/events/fast07/tech/schroeder/schroeder_html/">Disk
  70 failures in the real world: what does an MTTF of 1,000,000 hours mean
  71 to you?</a> by B. Schroeder and G. A. Gibson.</li>
  72
  73 <li>USENIX ;login: <a
  74 href="https://www.usenix.org/events/fast08/tech/full_papers/jiang/jiang_html/">Are
  75 Disks the Dominant Contributor for Storage Failures?  A Comprehensive
  76 Study of Storage Subsystem Failure Characteristics</a> by Weihang
  77 Jiang, Chongfeng Hu, Yuanyuan Zhou, and Arkady Kanevsky</li>
  78
  79 <li>SIGMETRICS 2007
  80 <a href="http://research.cs.wisc.edu/adsl/Publications/latent-sigmetrics07.pdf">An
  81 analysis of latent sector errors in disk drives</a> by
  82 L. N. Bairavasundaram, G. R. Goodson, S. Pasupathy, and J. Schindler</li>
  83
  84 </ul>
  85
  86 <p>Several of these research papers are based on data collected from
  87 hundred thousands or millions of disk, and their findings are eye
  88 opening.  The short story is simply do not implicitly trust RAID or
  89 redundant storage systems.  Details matter.  And unfortunately there
  90 are few options on Linux addressing all the identified issues.  Both
  91 ZFS and Btrfs are doing a fairly good job, but have legal and
  92 practical issues on their own.  I wonder how cluster file systems like
  93 Ceph do in this regard.  After all, there is an old saying, you know
  94 you have a distributed system when the crash of a computer you have
  95 never heard of stops you from getting any work done.  The same holds
  96 true if fault tolerance do not work.</p>
  97
  98 <p>Just remember, in the end, it do not matter how redundant, or how
  99 fault tolerant your storage is, if you do not continuously monitor its
 100 status to detect and replace failed disks.</p>
 101
 102 <p>As usual, if you use Bitcoin and want to show your support of my
 103 activities, please send Bitcoin donations to my address
 104 <b><a href="bitcoin:15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b">15oWEoG9dUPovwmUL9KWAnYRtNJEkP1u1b</a></b>.</p>
 105
 106       </div>
 107       <div class="tags">
 108
 109
 110         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin</a>.
 111
 112
 113       </div>
 114     </div>
 115     <div class="padding"></div>
 116
 117     <div class="entry">
 118       <div class="title">
 119         <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/How_to_figure_out_which_RAID_disk_to_replace_when_it_fail.html">How to figure out which RAID disk to replace when it fail</a>
 120       </div>
 121       <div class="date">
 122         14th February 2012
 123       </div>
 124       <div class="body">
 125         <p>Once in a while my home server have disk problems.  Thanks to Linux
 126 Software RAID, I have not lost data yet (but
 127 <a href="http://comments.gmane.org/gmane.linux.raid/34532">I was
 128 close</a> this summer :).  But once a disk is starting to behave
 129 funny, a practical problem present itself.  How to get from the Linux
 130 device name (like /dev/sdd) to something that can be used to identify
 131 the disk when the computer is turned off?  In my case I have SATA
 132 disks with a unique ID printed on the label.  All I need is a way to
 133 figure out how to query the disk to get the ID out.</p>
 134
 135 <p>After fumbling a bit, I
 136 <a href="http://www.cyberciti.biz/faq/linux-getting-scsi-ide-harddisk-information/">found
 137 that hdparm -I</a> will report the disk serial number, which is
 138 printed on the disk label.  The following (almost) one-liner can be
 139 used to look up the ID of all the failed disks:</p>
 140
 141 <blockquote><pre>
 142 for d in $(cat /proc/mdstat |grep '(F)'|tr ' ' "\n"|grep '(F)'|cut -d\[ -f1|sort -u);
 143 do
 144     printf "Failed disk $d: "
 145     hdparm -I /dev/$d |grep 'Serial Num'
 146 done
 147 </blockquote></pre>
 148
 149 <p>Putting it here to make sure I do not have to search for it the
 150 next time, and in case other find it useful.</p>
 151
 152 <p>At the moment I have two failing disk. :(</p>
 153
 154 <blockquote><pre>
 155 Failed disk sdd1:       Serial Number:      WD-WCASJ1860823
 156 Failed disk sdd2:       Serial Number:      WD-WCASJ1860823
 157 Failed disk sde2:       Serial Number:      WD-WCASJ1840589
 158 </blockquote></pre>
 159
 160 <p>The last time I had failing disks, I added the serial number on
 161 labels I printed and stuck on the short sides of each disk, to be able
 162 to figure out which disk to take out of the box without having to
 163 remove each disk to look at the physical vendor label.  The vendor
 164 label is at the top of the disk, which is hidden when the disks are
 165 mounted inside my box.</p>
 166
 167 <p>I really wish the check_linux_raid Nagios plugin for checking Linux
 168 Software RAID in the
 169 <a href="http://packages.qa.debian.org/n/nagios-plugins.html">nagios-plugins-standard</a>
 170 debian package would look up this value automatically, as it would
 171 make the plugin a lot more useful when my disks fail.  At the moment
 172 it only report a failure when there are no more spares left (it really
 173 should warn as soon as a disk is failing), and it do not tell me which
 174 disk(s) is failing when the RAID is running short on disks.</p>
 175
 176       </div>
 177       <div class="tags">
 178
 179
 180         Tags: <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english</a>, <a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid</a>.
 181
 182
 183       </div>
 184     </div>
 185     <div class="padding"></div>
 186
 187     <p style="text-align: right;"><a href="raid.rss"><img src="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/xml.gif" alt="RSS Feed" width="36" height="14" /></a></p>
 188     <div id="sidebar">
 189
 190
 191
 192 <h2>Archive</h2>
 193 <ul>
 194
 195 <li>2023
 196 <ul>
 197
 198 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 199
 200 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 201
 202 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 203
 204 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2023/05/">May (2)</a></li>
 205
 206 </ul></li>
 207
 208 <li>2022
 209 <ul>
 210
 211 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 212
 213 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 214
 215 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 216
 217 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 218
 219 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 220
 221 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 222
 223 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 224
 225 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2022/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 226
 227 </ul></li>
 228
 229 <li>2021
 230 <ul>
 231
 232 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 233
 234 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 235
 236 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 237
 238 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/06/">June (1)</a></li>
 239
 240 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/07/">July (3)</a></li>
 241
 242 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 243
 244 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 245
 246 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 247
 248 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2021/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 249
 250 </ul></li>
 251
 252 <li>2020
 253 <ul>
 254
 255 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 256
 257 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/03/">March (2)</a></li>
 258
 259 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 260
 261 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 262
 263 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 264
 265 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 266
 267 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 268
 269 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/10/">October (1)</a></li>
 270
 271 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2020/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 272
 273 </ul></li>
 274
 275 <li>2019
 276 <ul>
 277
 278 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 279
 280 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 281
 282 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 283
 284 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/05/">May (2)</a></li>
 285
 286 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 287
 288 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 289
 290 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 291
 292 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 293
 294 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/11/">November (1)</a></li>
 295
 296 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2019/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 297
 298 </ul></li>
 299
 300 <li>2018
 301 <ul>
 302
 303 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/01/">January (1)</a></li>
 304
 305 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/02/">February (5)</a></li>
 306
 307 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 308
 309 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 310
 311 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 312
 313 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/07/">July (5)</a></li>
 314
 315 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 316
 317 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 318
 319 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 320
 321 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/11/">November (2)</a></li>
 322
 323 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2018/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 324
 325 </ul></li>
 326
 327 <li>2017
 328 <ul>
 329
 330 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/01/">January (4)</a></li>
 331
 332 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 333
 334 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/03/">March (5)</a></li>
 335
 336 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/04/">April (2)</a></li>
 337
 338 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/06/">June (5)</a></li>
 339
 340 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/07/">July (1)</a></li>
 341
 342 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/08/">August (1)</a></li>
 343
 344 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/09/">September (3)</a></li>
 345
 346 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/10/">October (5)</a></li>
 347
 348 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 349
 350 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2017/12/">December (4)</a></li>
 351
 352 </ul></li>
 353
 354 <li>2016
 355 <ul>
 356
 357 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/01/">January (3)</a></li>
 358
 359 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/02/">February (2)</a></li>
 360
 361 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 362
 363 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/04/">April (8)</a></li>
 364
 365 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/05/">May (8)</a></li>
 366
 367 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 368
 369 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 370
 371 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/08/">August (5)</a></li>
 372
 373 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 374
 375 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/10/">October (3)</a></li>
 376
 377 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/11/">November (8)</a></li>
 378
 379 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2016/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 380
 381 </ul></li>
 382
 383 <li>2015
 384 <ul>
 385
 386 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 387
 388 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 389
 390 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/03/">March (1)</a></li>
 391
 392 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/04/">April (4)</a></li>
 393
 394 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 395
 396 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/06/">June (4)</a></li>
 397
 398 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/07/">July (6)</a></li>
 399
 400 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 401
 402 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/09/">September (2)</a></li>
 403
 404 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 405
 406 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/11/">November (6)</a></li>
 407
 408 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2015/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 409
 410 </ul></li>
 411
 412 <li>2014
 413 <ul>
 414
 415 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 416
 417 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/02/">February (3)</a></li>
 418
 419 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/03/">March (8)</a></li>
 420
 421 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 422
 423 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/05/">May (1)</a></li>
 424
 425 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 426
 427 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/07/">July (2)</a></li>
 428
 429 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/08/">August (2)</a></li>
 430
 431 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 432
 433 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/10/">October (6)</a></li>
 434
 435 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 436
 437 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2014/12/">December (5)</a></li>
 438
 439 </ul></li>
 440
 441 <li>2013
 442 <ul>
 443
 444 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/01/">January (11)</a></li>
 445
 446 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/02/">February (9)</a></li>
 447
 448 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/03/">March (9)</a></li>
 449
 450 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/04/">April (6)</a></li>
 451
 452 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 453
 454 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/06/">June (10)</a></li>
 455
 456 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 457
 458 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 459
 460 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/09/">September (5)</a></li>
 461
 462 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/10/">October (7)</a></li>
 463
 464 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/11/">November (9)</a></li>
 465
 466 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2013/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 467
 468 </ul></li>
 469
 470 <li>2012
 471 <ul>
 472
 473 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/01/">January (7)</a></li>
 474
 475 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/02/">February (10)</a></li>
 476
 477 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/03/">March (17)</a></li>
 478
 479 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/04/">April (12)</a></li>
 480
 481 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/05/">May (12)</a></li>
 482
 483 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/06/">June (20)</a></li>
 484
 485 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/07/">July (17)</a></li>
 486
 487 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 488
 489 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/09/">September (9)</a></li>
 490
 491 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/10/">October (17)</a></li>
 492
 493 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/11/">November (10)</a></li>
 494
 495 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2012/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 496
 497 </ul></li>
 498
 499 <li>2011
 500 <ul>
 501
 502 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/01/">January (16)</a></li>
 503
 504 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/02/">February (6)</a></li>
 505
 506 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/03/">March (6)</a></li>
 507
 508 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/04/">April (7)</a></li>
 509
 510 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/05/">May (3)</a></li>
 511
 512 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/06/">June (2)</a></li>
 513
 514 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/07/">July (7)</a></li>
 515
 516 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/08/">August (6)</a></li>
 517
 518 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/09/">September (4)</a></li>
 519
 520 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 521
 522 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 523
 524 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2011/12/">December (1)</a></li>
 525
 526 </ul></li>
 527
 528 <li>2010
 529 <ul>
 530
 531 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/01/">January (2)</a></li>
 532
 533 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/02/">February (1)</a></li>
 534
 535 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/03/">March (3)</a></li>
 536
 537 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/04/">April (3)</a></li>
 538
 539 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 540
 541 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/06/">June (14)</a></li>
 542
 543 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/07/">July (12)</a></li>
 544
 545 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/08/">August (13)</a></li>
 546
 547 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/09/">September (7)</a></li>
 548
 549 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/10/">October (9)</a></li>
 550
 551 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/11/">November (13)</a></li>
 552
 553 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2010/12/">December (12)</a></li>
 554
 555 </ul></li>
 556
 557 <li>2009
 558 <ul>
 559
 560 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/01/">January (8)</a></li>
 561
 562 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/02/">February (8)</a></li>
 563
 564 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/03/">March (12)</a></li>
 565
 566 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/04/">April (10)</a></li>
 567
 568 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/05/">May (9)</a></li>
 569
 570 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/06/">June (3)</a></li>
 571
 572 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/07/">July (4)</a></li>
 573
 574 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/08/">August (3)</a></li>
 575
 576 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/09/">September (1)</a></li>
 577
 578 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/10/">October (2)</a></li>
 579
 580 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/11/">November (3)</a></li>
 581
 582 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2009/12/">December (3)</a></li>
 583
 584 </ul></li>
 585
 586 <li>2008
 587 <ul>
 588
 589 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/11/">November (5)</a></li>
 590
 591 <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/archive/2008/12/">December (7)</a></li>
 592
 593 </ul></li>
 594
 595 </ul>
 596
 597
 598
 599 <h2>Tags</h2>
 600 <ul>
 601
 602  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/3d-printer">3d-printer (19)</a></li>
 603
 604  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/amiga">amiga (1)</a></li>
 605
 606  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/aros">aros (1)</a></li>
 607
 608  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bankid">bankid (4)</a></li>
 609
 610  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/betalkontant">betalkontant (9)</a></li>
 611
 612  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bitcoin">bitcoin (12)</a></li>
 613
 614  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bootsystem">bootsystem (17)</a></li>
 615
 616  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/bsa">bsa (2)</a></li>
 617
 618  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/chrpath">chrpath (2)</a></li>
 619
 620  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian">debian (192)</a></li>
 621
 622  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian edu">debian edu (159)</a></li>
 623
 624  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/debian-handbook">debian-handbook (9)</a></li>
 625
 626  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/digistan">digistan (11)</a></li>
 627
 628  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/dld">dld (18)</a></li>
 629
 630  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/docbook">docbook (30)</a></li>
 631
 632  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/drivstoffpriser">drivstoffpriser (4)</a></li>
 633
 634  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/english">english (448)</a></li>
 635
 636  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fiksgatami">fiksgatami (23)</a></li>
 637
 638  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/fildeling">fildeling (14)</a></li>
 639
 640  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freeculture">freeculture (34)</a></li>
 641
 642  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/freedombox">freedombox (9)</a></li>
 643
 644  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/frikanalen">frikanalen (20)</a></li>
 645
 646  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/h264">h264 (20)</a></li>
 647
 648  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/intervju">intervju (43)</a></li>
 649
 650  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/isenkram">isenkram (16)</a></li>
 651
 652  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kart">kart (23)</a></li>
 653
 654  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/kodi">kodi (4)</a></li>
 655
 656  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ldap">ldap (9)</a></li>
 657
 658  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lego">lego (5)</a></li>
 659
 660  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lenker">lenker (8)</a></li>
 661
 662  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/linuxcnc">linuxcnc (5)</a></li>
 663
 664  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/lsdvd">lsdvd (2)</a></li>
 665
 666  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ltsp">ltsp (1)</a></li>
 667
 668  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/madewithcc">madewithcc (3)</a></li>
 669
 670  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/mesh network">mesh network (8)</a></li>
 671
 672  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/multimedia">multimedia (45)</a></li>
 673
 674  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nice free software">nice free software (14)</a></li>
 675
 676  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/noark5">noark5 (23)</a></li>
 677
 678  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/norsk">norsk (320)</a></li>
 679
 680  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/nuug">nuug (198)</a></li>
 681
 682  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/offentlig innsyn">offentlig innsyn (40)</a></li>
 683
 684  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/open311">open311 (2)</a></li>
 685
 686  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opensnitch">opensnitch (3)</a></li>
 687
 688  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/opphavsrett">opphavsrett (75)</a></li>
 689
 690  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/personvern">personvern (114)</a></li>
 691
 692  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/raid">raid (2)</a></li>
 693
 694  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reactos">reactos (1)</a></li>
 695
 696  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/reprap">reprap (11)</a></li>
 697
 698  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rfid">rfid (3)</a></li>
 699
 700  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/robot">robot (17)</a></li>
 701
 702  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/rss">rss (1)</a></li>
 703
 704  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/ruter">ruter (7)</a></li>
 705
 706  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/scraperwiki">scraperwiki (2)</a></li>
 707
 708  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sikkerhet">sikkerhet (59)</a></li>
 709
 710  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sitesummary">sitesummary (4)</a></li>
 711
 712  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/skepsis">skepsis (5)</a></li>
 713
 714  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/standard">standard (74)</a></li>
 715
 716  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stavekontroll">stavekontroll (7)</a></li>
 717
 718  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/stortinget">stortinget (14)</a></li>
 719
 720  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/surveillance">surveillance (64)</a></li>
 721
 722  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/sysadmin">sysadmin (5)</a></li>
 723
 724  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/usenix">usenix (2)</a></li>
 725
 726  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/valg">valg (9)</a></li>
 727
 728  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/verkidetfri">verkidetfri (20)</a></li>
 729
 730  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/video">video (78)</a></li>
 731
 732  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/vitenskap">vitenskap (4)</a></li>
 733
 734  <li><a href="https://people.skolelinux.org/pere/blog/tags/web">web (42)</a></li>
 735
 736 </ul>
 737
 738
 739     </div>
 740     <p style="text-align: right">
 741  Created by <a href="http://steve.org.uk/Software/chronicle">Chronicle v4.6</a>
 742 </p>
 743
 744   </body>
 745 </html>